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Complete inductive reasoning, also known as complete inductive method, is based on the premise that each object (or subclass) in a class has or does not have a certain attribute, and concludes that all objects of this class have or do not have the attribute. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are inductive inferences:. | [
"The ancestors of U. S. residents migrated from abroad. The early residents were American Indians who migrated from Asia thousands of years ago. The later residents were Europeans. They were 250 to 350 years ago. Came here as a colonial pioneer.",
"China invented the compass, papermaking, movable type printing and gunpowder very early, so China is one of the earliest countries in the development of civilization in the world.",
"All people have a character. Reading enriches people, discussions make people wit, notes make people accurate, reading history makes people wise, reading poetry makes people smart, mathematics makes people thorough, physics makes people profound, and ethics makes Solemn.",
"People from all over the world have always introduced and exchanged technology with each other. Western countries have introduced the \"Four Great Inventions\" of ancient China; Meiji Restoration in Japan has mainly introduced European technology; and corn and potatoes are grown in many countries today, Were bred by American Indians."
] | 0 |
Experiential teaching refers to the teaching concept and form of teaching by creating actual situations and opportunities, presenting or reproducing, and reducing teaching content, so that students understand and construct knowledge, develop capabilities, generate emotions, and generate meaning in the process of personal experience. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are not experiential teaching:. | [
"After explaining the relevant knowledge essentials and operating procedures in detail, the coach sat at the co-pilot position, changed Xiao Li to the driving position, and drove on the road.",
"Professor Zhao, who teaches the course of \"Principles of Stocks,\" requires each student to open a stock account with a principal of 3,000 yuan. At the end of the semester, the results are evaluated by the number of transactions and the account balance.",
"A university planned a patriotic education activity of \"Long March Road, the Motherland is in My Heart\", and organized students to return to the snow-capped mountains and grasslands that the Red Army had climbed during the Long March.",
"In order to help students get rid of the \"dumb English\" predicament, Mr. Wang carefully collected a large number of videos that reflect the daily communication of British people for students to observe."
] | 3 |
After a TV variety show was broadcast, the show director claimed that the show had reached the highest level of current similar programs because the show had a 2% higher ratings than similar programs. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument? | [
"The guests participating in the show have different opinions on the show.",
"Audiences themselves enjoy watching TV variety shows.",
"The director's Weibo has hundreds of thousands of comments criticizing the show.",
"The level of the program is not necessarily related to the ratings."
] | 3 |
China is the country with the largest number of smokers in the world, and about one-quarter of the population smokes. In addition, there are 740 million non-smokers in China who are harmed by second-hand smoke, and tobacco control is imminent. However, on the one hand, smokers are physically and mentally harmful to tobacco. There is dependence; on the other hand, the state's tax revenue also depends in part on the tobacco industry. If tobacco is eliminated at once, not only smokers will have withdrawal symptoms, but even the state of the economy at all levels and places will also have "withdrawal symptoms". So Tobacco control in China can only be a gradual process. | Which of the following, if true, does not support the above assertion? | [
"The number of deaths from smoking-related diseases in China exceeds the total number of deaths caused by AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria each year.",
"If smokers do not slowly guide and encourage the process of quitting, smokers have a high probability of smoking again after quitting.",
"From 1982 to 2012, the profit and tax of China's tobacco industry accounted for 7.4% of the national fiscal revenue.",
"The current implementation of a comprehensive smoking ban is difficult and expensive, and it is difficult to achieve the expected policy effect."
] | 0 |
All citizens are eager to strengthen urban greening, but when citizens are required to pay for a greening plan, there are always people who think that they can enjoy the benefits of greening even if they don't pay, so they refuse to bear the cost. | Which of the following, if true, is the prerequisite for the above argument? | [
"These people like to take advantage.",
"These people think that greening should be funded by the government.",
"Money for green options is mandatory.",
"These people think that someone will always pay."
] | 3 |
When the spacecraft returns to the earth through the atmosphere, it will friction with the atmosphere and cause the temperature to rise sharply. In order for the spacecraft to safely return to the earth by overcoming the "thermal barrier", a foreign research institution made a new technical attempt on recovering the micro satellite EGG. During the descent, the hemispherical heat-insulation parachute formed by the expansion and expansion of carbon dioxide was opened, and then the atmospheric resistance it received increased significantly, and it slowly entered the atmosphere and fell smoothly. | The premise of the above technology attempt is based on:. | [
"Spacecraft surface material needs to be able to withstand ultra-high temperature.",
"The cost of researching spacecraft heat-resistant materials is higher than the cost of a parachute.",
"Overheating when a spacecraft falls into the atmosphere is a common problem in the descent process.",
"Spacecraft entering Earth at a slower speed reduces friction-induced heat."
] | 3 |
Some experts have pointed out that there is a simple way to judge the authenticity of famous white wines: famous white wines that are ridiculously low in price must be fake, and any customized wines that are sold outside under the banner of a certain famous white wine are fake. If you buy from formal channels, you can buy really good wine. These channels are regular supermarkets or hypermarkets; second, the flagship store authorized by the famous liquor brand; and third, the official website of the famous liquor company. | Which of the following, if true, would most question the expert's point of view? | [
"Some hypermarkets do not strictly control the entry of goods, and the sale of counterfeit and shoddy products often occurs.",
"There are many cases of online fraud, and the liquor sold by counterfeit famous liquor companies' official websites must be fake.",
"A TV promotion host claimed that although the famous liquor they sold was only half the market price, it was definitely not fake.",
"Custom wine produced by a premium liquor company is only used for internal reception, but it is true."
] | 0 |
The Turing test is a well-known test proposed by Turing in 1950 to test whether a machine can display the same or indistinguishable intelligence as a human. A person (code C) uses a language that the test subject can understand to ask the two Any series of questions that he cannot see, the objects are the machine (code A) and the normal thinking person (code B). After several queries, C cannot distinguish the essential difference between A and B, then this machine A passes the Turing test. | Which of the following, if true, cannot question the validity of the Turing test? | [
"Two people face the same machine, the test results may be different; even if the same person faces the same machine, the results of the two tests will be different.",
"Even if the Turing test tells us the results, we still use a set of human standards to determine whether a machine is intelligent.",
"Tested machines cannot perceive or master human hidden emotions, such as irony, puns, satire, and lies.",
"Human intelligence elements can be decomposed into aspects of insight, logical reasoning, etc. , and the machines that pass the test only have the ability to make judgments based on the correct logic and strategy."
] | 1 |
For centuries, humans have always wanted to have a deeper understanding of deep-sea creatures. Almost all of the myths and tales spread around the world are about the giants of the deep sea. Many myths about humans exploring the sea in Greece, Norway and other places can be seen everywhere The existence of large squids and giant sharks shows that there are indeed unknown giant creatures on the sea floor in the deep ocean. | Which of the following, if true, would best strengthen the above argument? | [
"The deep sea is the best place for legendary animals.",
"Many myths are fictional and unbelievable.",
"Deep-sea cameras do capture creatures living in the deep sea.",
"Similar content in different regional myths is often a true reflection of reality."
] | 3 |
Due to the recent outbreak of various infectious diseases worldwide, China must increase 5% of its financial investment in vaccine development and health and epidemic prevention over the next five years, otherwise, it will not be able to effectively respond to the emergence of large-scale epidemics. From the current status of medical scientific research in China, if we can increase the financial investment by 5%, China's vaccine development can reach the world's advanced level. | It can be inferred from this:. | [
"In the next five years, China cannot effectively respond to the emergence of large-scale epidemics unless it can increase 5% of financial investment for vaccine development and health and epidemic prevention.",
"If vaccine development reaches the world advanced level in the next five years, China will not have a large-scale outbreak.",
"If there are no outbreaks of infectious diseases in countries around the world, China will not need to increase medical investment to respond to large-scale outbreaks.",
"If the financial investment is increased by 5% in the next five years, it can effectively improve China's medical research level."
] | 0 |
If he doesn't learn electric guitar, A Jian can't be the lead singer of the band; if he wants to play an instrument, he will choose to learn electric guitar; if he doesn't play an instrument, he will become the lead singer. | It can be launched from this that Ajian will:. | [
"When the lead singer.",
"Learning Electric Guitar.",
"Not learning electric guitar.",
"Improper lead singer."
] | 1 |
When recruiting for a company, Zhang San, Li Si, Wang Wu, Zhao Liu, Qian Qi and the other 5 people were shortlisted. From the educational background, 2 people were masters and 3 were doctors; from the gender perspective, 3 were men and 2 were women. It is known that Zhang San and Wang Wu have the same gender, but Zhao Liu and Qian Qi have different genders; Li Si and Qian Qi have the same educational background, but Wang Wu and Zhao Liu have different educational backgrounds. In the end, only one female master applied successfully. | It can be concluded from this that the successful candidates are:. | [
"Zhang San.",
"Lee Si.",
"Wang Wu.",
"Zhao Liu."
] | 3 |
Hidden hunger refers to the hunger symptoms of hidden nutritional requirements caused by the body's nutritional imbalance or lack of certain vitamins and essential minerals of the human body, while there is excessive intake of other nutrients. | According to the above definition, Which of the following are hidden hunger:. | [
"Uncle A is determined to go on a diet. He recently replaced the staple food with green vegetables and apples.",
"In order to get a fit body, B Xiaobai insists on six meals a day, with a small amount of each meal, which contains staple food, fruits and vegetables, and egg milk.",
"Uncle C, because of weak stomach, used Qing porridge and hot soup as his main diet for health. He didn't often eat big fish and raw cold fruits, but later suffered memory loss due to a lack of protein and vitamins in his diet.",
"iaoli likes high-salt, high-sugar, high-calorie junk food. He is indifferent to the doctor's persuasion. He found that he had high blood sugar, high blood lipids, high blood pressure and other problems during a physical examination several years later."
] | 2 |
The trolley management method refers to an innovative management model that integrates service objects into the service system and taps the potential resources of the service objects to improve the management service level with the service provider. This mode is for service providers and service recipients. It is a win-win strategy. | According to the definition above, Which of the following options are part of the trolley management method:. | [
"The student parent group arranged for the parents to take turns cleaning the class for free, and the school saved money for this.",
" bookstore encourages customers who come to buy books and read books to bring small folding stools. Customers feel very intimate and the bookstore's sales performance has greatly improved.",
"ao Zhang quit his babysitter and started to do the housework himself.",
"In order to establish a corporate image of \"environmental protection, energy saving, and responsibility\", D supermarket issues electronic red envelopes to consumers who bring environmentally friendly packaging bags."
] | 1 |
Formal learning means that learners, under the organization and guidance of teachers, purposefully and systematically carry out academic or non-degree education and learning activities that take indirect knowledge as their content. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are formal studies:. | [
"In order for new employees to successfully get on the job, Company A provided a variety of experience exchange channels for employees to choose freely.",
"Xiao Wang B showed his son such programs as \"Animal World\", and his son learned a lot of biology and geography knowledge.",
"iaobao was not interested in school classroom learning, and was later sent to Shaolin Temple by the parents (suspected as \"Martial Arts School\") to learn martial arts.",
"ecurity Mavericks used free online public classes, systematically learned legal knowledge and passed judicial examinations, and Ruyi became a lawyer."
] | 3 |
Flow rate refers to the amount (volume or mass) of fluid (liquid or gas) passing through a specific surface per unit time. When the amount of fluid is expressed as a volume, it is called volume flow; when the amount of fluid is expressed as a mass, it is called mass flow. | Based on the above definitions, Which of the following options contain descriptions of the volume flow:. | [
"The A Amazon River meanders 6,440 kilometers, with a basin area of 6.915 million square kilometers. The annual flow of water into the Atlantic Ocean accounts for one-sixth of the world's rivers.",
"apan's warm current is in the open sea to the east of Taiwan Island. Its width is about 100 ~ 200 kilometers and the depth is 200 meters. The maximum velocity can reach 60 ~ 90 kilometers every day and night.",
"ctoria Falls is located on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe in Africa. When the Zambezi River is full, there will be 7,500 cubic meters of water per second.",
"aspian Sea is located at the junction of Eurasia inland and is the world's largest saltwater lake. It has 130 rivers into the sea, so the water storage capacity has reached 76,000 square kilometers."
] | 2 |
Machine vision refers to a device that automatically receives and processes an image of a real object through optical devices and non-contact sensors to obtain the required information or a device used to control the movement of the robot. | Based on the above definitions, Which of the following options related to machine vision:. | [
"lat camera shot through dark light and found that the bottom of the sofa was a lot of dust, and issued a red alert to the owner that it needed to be cleaned.",
"The vehicle-mounted smart device reminds the driver of the driving route, the speed limit of each section of the road, and the weather conditions in front through the voice of the positioning system and navigation system on the road.",
" new glasses caught the ultrasonic waves emitted by a large number of bats after the owner's adventure into the dark cave, immediately activating the face protection mode.",
" mini intelligent robot with a shooting device enters the tomb that is hard to reach by archeologists and captures many precious images."
] | 3 |
At present, British scientists have put forward a view that sponges have no brain or even any nerve cells. An animal that has lived on the earth for hundreds of millions of years also had nerve cells in ancient times, but gave up in subsequent evolution. | If the following are true, which of the following is most supportive of this view is:. | [
"ponge has the genes needed to build the nervous system, and for the sponge, whether it is the brain or the simple nervous system, it can be a \"cumbersome\" and a waste of energy.",
"ow it is found that the jellyfish with a complex nervous system is the \"sister group\" of all other animals and the best representative of animal ancestors.",
"he oldest known animals with complex brains appear much earlier than sponges. They have sophisticated brain-like structures and specialized neural networks.",
"Some parasites have lost their complex nervous system due to the parasitic lifestyle compared to their close relatives; sponges have a lifestyle similar to parasitic compared to their close relatives."
] | 0 |
A candidate is filling in volunteering. There are 6 majors in law, management, economics, finance, auditing, and accounting that are considered to be filled in. However, considering all aspects, there are the following considerations: If you fill in the law, you will not fill in the management major. However, you must fill in the accounting major; only fill in the financial or economic major when you do not fill in the audit major; if you do not fill in the economic major, then do not fill in the accounting major; the law major has always been the major you want to read and you must fill in. | This candidate can be launched from:. | [
"eported finance and economics majors.",
"anagement and economic majors are not reported.",
"eported a major in law and a major in finance.",
"eported accounting major but not audit major."
] | 3 |
Meta stereotype refers to an individual's beliefs about the stereotypes held by members of an outside group to the group to which they belong. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are stereotypes:. | [
"The teachers in the second class agree that there is a communication barrier for the poor children.",
"Economists believe that high house prices affect couples ’desire to have two children after 80.",
"Doctor Liu believes that patients today generally do not trust doctors.",
"Southerner Liu thinks northerners are more resistant to freezing."
] | 2 |
Suppose "If Zhang Nan and Lin Feng are not volunteers, then Yangmei is a volunteer" is the premise, and "Lin Feng is a volunteer" is the conclusion. | For the above conclusions to be true, the prerequisites to be supplemented are:. | [
"Zhang Nan is a volunteer.",
"Bayberry is not a volunteer.",
"Yangmei and Zhang Nan are both volunteers.",
"Yangmei and Zhang Nan are not volunteers."
] | 3 |
Artificial intelligence is omnipresent, germinating, generated, and applied to all aspects and corners of people's lives. Artificial intelligence may appear wherever human footprints and activities exist. Artificial intelligence seems bound to generate fierce competition with people, and then it will form In fact, the result beyond human will-artificial intelligence poses a threat to humans and may eventually be defeated. | If the following are true, the ones that cannot support the above argument are:. | [
"Artificial intelligence can develop self-will that completely conflicts with humans.",
"Thinking artificial intelligence machines may continue to evolve, freeing human control.",
"Artificial intelligence-based robots can replace humans to perform dangerous tasks such as detection and detonation.",
"No-cost replication and continuous evolution capabilities are the advantages of artificial intelligence over human intelligence."
] | 2 |
Some people think that creativity and mental illness are inseparable. The reason is that although high IQ is an essential element of genius, creative genius can only be obtained when high IQ is combined with the lifting of cognitive inhibition. | If the following items are true, the above questions can be questioned most:. | [
"In fact, most prominent people do not show any symptoms of mental illness.",
"Long-term closed treatment of mental illness may reduce patients' cognitive ability and creativity.",
"Certain events in life, such as bankruptcy, broken love, etc. , can also increase one's creative potential.",
"Most psychiatric patients with high IQ do not show that they are creative geniuses."
] | 3 |
The phenomenon of self-depletion is a phenomenon in which an individual's ability or willingness to perform willpower decreases during the long-term engagement in a certain job, including a decline in the ability or willingness to control the environment, control the self, make decisions and initiate behaviors Burnout, self-consumption but no improvement. | According to the above definition, Which of the following are consistent with the phenomenon of self-depletion:. | [
"Li's doctoral thesis has not been completed and has been postponed. As a result, he has not graduated for eight years in school.",
"Chen has been the deputy director of the magazine for 20 years. Although he has published some personal works, he has not been promoted.",
"Song has been working in sales for nearly ten years. Although he changed four or five companies, due to the average performance, his income has not changed.",
"Wang has been an administrator in the archives for 15 years. He felt numb to his work and did not change the status quo and desire to get promoted."
] | 3 |
The social paradox is that in a situation where multiple people make decisions, each person has a strategy that can achieve the best results at least in certain situations and is detrimental to others, but if everyone chooses this strategy it will lead to all People have worse results. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are social paradoxes:. | [
"Wang and the other three people want to contract the fish ponds in the village to increase economic income, so the three of them can't compete.",
"Villagers believe that the rivers in the village have the ability to self-purify, and they discharge domestic sewage into the rivers.",
"Before the negotiation, Lee fully considered the needs of the other party and designed the contract according to their needs, so during the negotiation, Lee always took the initiative.",
"Although there will be some economic pressure for merchants to pay management fees, it provides an economic guarantee for the formal management of the entire market and is conducive to the development of all individuals in the entire market."
] | 1 |
Achievement motivation is the motivation for individuals to strive for work that they consider important and valuable, to demand themselves with high standards, to achieve success as the goal, and to make the work as perfect as possible. | Based on the above definitions, Which of the following do not show motivation for achievement:. | [
"Xiao Liu is a chef. He carefully prepares every dish, hoping to get unanimous praise from the diners.",
"Xiao Li is a basketball player, he repeatedly practiced shooting hoping to lead the team to victory.",
"Xiao Zhang is a business leader who often warns his employees to consciously and complete their work with high quality.",
"Xiao Wang is a high school student. He keeps reviewing the questions that he did wrong in the hope that he won't make mistakes in the college entrance examination."
] | 2 |
Exclusive costs are the costs that people incur when they want to ensure that their property is not used by others. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are exclusive costs:. | [
"Zhang spent on installing a fence for his courtyard.",
"Expenses paid by Li to hire a lawyer to protect his reputation.",
"Transportation and accommodation expenses paid by Wang during negotiation with foreign businessmen.",
"Litigation fees paid by Tian to Zhao in a people's court for disputes over the contract of sale."
] | 0 |
The development of personal moral judgment ability has gone through six stages: one is to avoid punishment and obey the orientation phase, and to obey authority or rules in order to avoid punishment; the other is the relative utilitarian orientation phase, and assessing the good or bad behavior mainly depends on whether it is in their own interests; the third is Seek recognition orientation phase, obey the traditional requirements, and seek everyone's appreciation and recognition; the fourth is to comply with the regulatory orientation stage, obey social norms, and comply with legal authority; the fifth is the social legal orientation stage, which values the effectiveness of the law, but believes that the law can respond to the majority People's requirements change; the sixth is the stage of general ethical orientation, which believes that behaviors that conform to humanity's most general principles of justice, equality, dignity, etc. are correct. | According to the above definition, if a person thinks that the company employees have participated in the dinner, so he should also participate in the dinner, then his personal moral judgment is at the stage of development:. | [
"Obedience Obedience Orientation Stage.",
"Relative Utilitarian Orientation Stage.",
"Seeking recognition orientation.",
"Stages of general ethical orientation."
] | 2 |
The occasional fallacy is a fallacy of "general rules overriding exceptions", which is based on the existence of a general rule and denies the existence or justification of exceptions. | According to the above definition, there are occasional fallacies in the following reasoning:. | [
"Eating meat will make you fat, so vegetarians will definitely lose weight.",
"Speeding is illegal, so ambulances should not be speeding.",
"All horses can be trained as war horses, so seahorses can also fight horses.",
"I lived in Hong Kong for seven days and it rained for three days, so it rained about half of the time in Hong Kong."
] | 1 |
Social adaptation refers to changes in the psychology and behavior of individuals in order to achieve a harmonious relationship with the social environment. It is a continuous and changing interaction process between individuals and various social and environmental factors. | According to the above definition, Which of the following are social adaptations:. | [
"After half a year in Hainan, Xiao Wu has fully adapted to the local humid climate.",
"Less than three months abroad, Xiao Huang has basically mastered the local language and is able to hear and read.",
"When introverted Xiao Zhao enters the sales post, he has more opportunities to deal with people and his character becomes lively.",
"Xiao Zhou was not used to living, studying, and even language after entering college, and often called to talk to his family."
] | 2 |
Homo sapiens' first wave of colonization was the largest and fastest ecological catastrophe in the entire animal kingdom. Among them, the most affected were those large animals. At the time of the cognitive revolution, about 200 genera on the earth weighing more than 50 kg Large terrestrial mammals. By the time of the agricultural revolution, only about 100 genera were left. In other words, Homo sapiens had about half of the world's large mammals long before humans invented the wheels, words, and the iron. The soul returned to Xitian, and it was extinct. | Which of the following, if true, does not support the above statement? | [
"In this period, humans have mastered new technologies such as fire cultivation, and their hunting ability has been greatly improved.",
"There have been many cooling and warming cycles in the earth's climate since the cognitive revolution, with large changes.",
"Although most of the large animals on the earth are huge, they are not ferocious, and they are easily hunted by humans.",
"Archeological research finds that as soon as humans reach new lands, there will be a mass extinction of animals."
] | 1 |
A recent study suggests that moderate drinking can relax the brain's control instincts, inspiring creativity and inspiration. Researchers selected 70 subjects for a comparative study. The experimental group drank real beer, while the control group drank Alcoholic beer, two drinks cannot be distinguished. In the test, the experimental group scored higher. The research results show that even if the subject drank only a small glass of beer or wine, the blood alcohol concentration reached only 0.03%, and the creativity was also Will greatly improve. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion? | [
"Subject's executive function will be reduced to varying degrees after drinking.",
"No matter how much alcohol you drink, drinking is not good for your brain to learn new knowledge.",
"The vast majority of great works of art are done by the author without dripping.",
"Alcohol keeps people from thinking when they want to solve a problem."
] | 0 |
Since the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008, developed economies such as the United States, Japan, and Europe have fallen into the predicament of weak economic growth, and the economic growth rate has always been significantly lower than the pre-crisis level. According to the theory of long-term stagnation, this is due to the continued decline in the equilibrium real interest rate And it has fallen into the negative range, and the central bank is bound by the zero lower limit and it is difficult to reduce the actual real interest rate to the equilibrium real interest rate, so the relatively high real interest rate has led to continued suppression of aggregate demand (especially investment demand). Even if the United States, Japan, and Europe pursue zero-interest-rate policies, the output gap is always negative, and the economy is difficult to achieve recovery. According to this theory, some people believe that the Chinese economy is also facing a situation of insufficient investment demand, and the Chinese economy will also fall into a long-term stagnation. | If the following items are true, all of them can refute the above conclusions? | [
"Insufficient investment demand in China is mainly reflected by a sharp decline in private investment demand.",
"China's real interest rate has a wider adjustable range, so it is easier to fall to the equilibrium real interest rate.",
"Even if the stagnation theory is true, China's current equilibrium real interest rate is still greater than zero.",
"The sharp decline in China's investment growth is very different from the nature of insufficient investment demand highlighted by the theory."
] | 0 |
Researchers have found that in the past century and a half, there have been several periods of slowing Earth's speed, and this period will last about 5 years each time. More importantly, the slowing of the Earth's speed is accompanied by an increase in strong earthquakes. Based on this, the researchers concluded that the slowdown of the Earth's speed led to the frequent occurrence of strong earthquakes. | Which of the following, if true, would most challenge the above conclusions? | [
"During the period when the earth's speed is slowing down, about 25-30 strong earthquakes occur each year, and about 15 during other periods.",
"The number of volcanic eruptions during the period of slowing Earth's speed has not changed significantly compared to other periods.",
"The slowing down of the earth's speed will change the length of the day and night, and the change in the length of the day and night will lead to the occurrence of strong global earthquakes.",
"Slight changes in the Earth's core have slowed down the Earth's speed and also caused strong earthquakes worldwide."
] | 3 |
A study shows that employees who are often encouraged by praise and other spirits are 25% more productive than employees who are rarely praised, and the objective criteria for evaluating production efficiency include the number of contractors and the complexity of the workpiece. This shows that more spirit Encouraging can increase employee productivity. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion? | [
"Commendation is actually the spiritual reward for highly productive employees.",
"Objective criteria for evaluating production efficiency should also include the quality of the workpiece.",
"Spiritual encouragement sometimes causes employees to have blind self-confidence and a false sense of achievement.",
"Low productivity employees have less working hours per day than high productivity employees."
] | 0 |
Some researchers believe that Chinese traditional agricultural culture is fundamentally different from European and American nomadic culture, and Japanese marine culture, which profoundly affects people's lifestyle and ideology, and also has a profound impact on national defense. Some Chinese people have a weak concept of national defense and the root cause of weakening Shangwu's spirit. | Which of the following, if true, could weaken the above conclusion? | [
"The strength of a country's national defense depends on the strength of the military.",
"Some people regard \"two acres of land, one cow, wife and children hot steamed buns\" as their living goals.",
"Residual economic concepts of small farmers are the root cause of the weakening of the spirit of Shang Wu in the contemporary Chinese people.",
"The nation that admires agricultural culture is hardworking, intelligent, frugal, united, and righteous."
] | 3 |
An educational institution surveyed the study habits and language performance of all students in a high school, and found that compared with students who like to do a lot of exercises, students who like to read a lot of extracurricular readings have better language performance. Reading improves students' language performance more than doing exercises. | Which of the following, if true, would best support the agency's views? | [
"Chinese exams have high demands on students' reading volume.",
"The reason why students do a lot of exercises is because their language performance is poor.",
"Students with excellent grades have the time and energy to read extracurricular materials.",
"Other institutions did similar research in elementary and junior high schools and came to the opposite conclusion."
] | 0 |
A German scientist did a study and showed a group of 6-month-old babies the same size and color of pictures, some of which were flowers or fish, and some were spiders or snakes. As a result, When looking at pictures of flowers or fish, the babies did not respond significantly, and when they saw pictures of spiders or snakes, all babies' pupils became significantly larger. Therefore, the scientist believes that people ’s fear of dangerous animals Innate, not acquired. | To reach the above conclusions, the important prerequisites that need to be added are:. | [
"Everyone expresses their fears differently.",
"All babies have seen real flowers or fish.",
"Dilation of the pupil is one of the signs of stress or fear.",
"Most adults have a fear of seeing a spider or snake."
] | 2 |
A researcher studied the make-up photos of 100 deceased athletes and divided them into three types based on facial expressions in the photos: "faceless", "toothy" and "laughing". The researchers found this Of the 100 deceased athletes, the average life expectancy of "faceless" people was 72.9 years, the "toothy smile" people could live to about 75 years, and the "laughing" people averaged 79.9 years Therefore, the researcher believes that the attitude towards life will affect people's life expectancy. | Which of the following, if true, would most question the researcher's point of view? | [
"The 100 athletes have different nationalities and different sports.",
"The expression on the makeup photo can roughly reflect a person's attitude towards life.",
"Which expressions the athlete takes depends on the photographer's requirements.",
"\"Laughing\" athletes are more communicative and have higher emotional intelligence."
] | 2 |
Some researchers believe that the Philippines' complete reliance on security provided by the United States in the context of the Asian Cold War is a profound reason why it cannot refuse the United States to require it to send troops to Vietnam; while avoiding direct involvement in the Vietnam War, which is not very relevant to its own interests and has serious risks, is The Philippines has chosen to send only a small number of civilian engineering troops, but has always refused the deep motivation of sending combat troops. | Which of the following, if true, can refute the above statement? | [
"Philippines sends troops to the United States on condition that the United States provide them with security.",
"Philippines sends engineering troops to Vietnam, indicating weak alliance with the United States.",
"Philippines sending combat troops to Vietnam could pose serious risks to itself.",
"Philippines does not reject U. S. troop request because the economy is heavily dependent on the U. S."
] | 3 |
Since the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 008, developed economies such as the United States, Japan, and Europe have fallen into the predicament of weak economic growth, and the economic growth rate has always been significantly lower than the pre-crisis level. According to the theory of long-term stagnation, this is due to the continued decline in the equilibrium real interest rate And it has fallen into the negative range, and the central bank is bound by the zero lower limit and it is difficult to reduce the actual real interest rate to the equilibrium real interest rate, so the relatively high real interest rate has led to continued suppression of aggregate demand (especially investment demand). Even if the United States, Japan, and Europe pursue zero-interest-rate policies, the output gap is always negative, and the economy is difficult to recover. According to this theory, some people believe that the Chinese economy is also facing a situation of insufficient investment demand, and the Chinese economy will also fall into a long-term stagnation. | If the following items are true, all of them can refute the above conclusions? | [
"Insufficient investment demand in China is mainly reflected by a sharp decline in private investment demand.",
"China's real interest rate has a wider adjustable range, so it is easier to fall to the equilibrium real interest rate.",
"Even if the stagnation theory is true, China's current equilibrium real interest rate is still greater than zero.",
"The sharp decline in China's investment growth is very different from the nature of insufficient investment demand highlighted by the theory."
] | 0 |
Team learning behavior means that in order to meet the development needs of the team and the individual, team members ask questions, seek feedback, conduct experiments, reflect on the results, and perform errors or unexpected results on the basis of sharing their experiences, seeking knowledge, and information exchange. Discussion to promote the continuous improvement of the level of knowledge or skills of the team and individuals, thereby achieving relatively lasting changes in team-level knowledge and skills. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are the learning behaviors of teams:. | [
"In order to give play to the team's cohesion and combat effectiveness during the project tackling phase, a field development training is held every weekend.",
"For future development, Xiao Wang took the time to study English with several colleagues during work.",
"In order to get a scholarship, all the girls in a dormitory agreed to supervise each other and study together at night.",
"In order to improve the overall performance of the department, the sales department selects excellent representatives to share sales experience with you on a regular basis."
] | 3 |
The scientists conducted an 8-week experiment: three batches of experimental rats were exposed to light for 16 hours during the day, and then in full darkness, dark light, and light for 8 hours each day. This was the case during the experiment. The food types and food intake were all the same. It was found that rats in the dark environment at night and the lights turned on showed weight gain. Based on this, the researchers concluded that the general obesity of westerners and the brightly lit street scene at night It is closely related to the light of computers and televisions. | If the following items are true, the above conclusions can be questioned most:. | [
"The experimental time is only 8 weeks, which is too short for young rats. The experimental time should be extended.",
"Westerners are not generally obese, people with middle and higher incomes attach great importance to weight problems, and often carry out body management such as fitness.",
"According to statistics, in western cities with bright streetscapes at night, most of those who often receive computers and televisions are not obese.",
"The experimental mice in dark light at night and the light environment are different from the experimental mice in a dark environment at night. The former eats at night, while the rats at night have a low metabolic rate, low energy consumption and easy weight gain."
] | 3 |
World-class pianists practise playing the piano for no less than eight hours a day, unless it is New Year's Day, Sunday or there are major performances on the day. | If the above discussion is true, which of the following is unlikely to be a world-class pianist? | [
"A pianist does not practice playing the piano on a Monday, Thursday, Friday and Sunday of a week.",
"A pianist has not practiced playing the piano for three consecutive months.",
"A pianist practices a marathon for almost four hours every day.",
"A pianist practices playing the piano for seven hours a day for three consecutive days without any performances."
] | 3 |
A certain department decided to appoint cadres to assist Xinjiang in the department, and set up a cadre recommendation group consisting of the party committee office, personnel department, an employment office, and also initially identified Zhao, Li, and Zhou as three recommended candidates. The three departments of the Personnel Department and the Employment Department have put forward their respective recommendations: Party Committee Office: Zhao, Li Mouzhong can only go to one. Personnel Department: If you do not choose Zhao, you do not choose Zhou. He didn't choose Li or Zhao before choosing Zhou. | Which of the following schemes can meet the opinions of the three departments at the same time? | [
"Choosing Zhou and not Zhao and Li.",
"Send Lee and Zhao instead of Zhou.",
"Choosing Zhao and not Lee and Zhou.",
"Select Li and Zhou, not Zhao."
] | 2 |
All outstanding physicists have good mathematical application ability, Zhang Jie does not have good mathematical application ability, so Zhang Jie is not an excellent physicist. | Which of the following inferences is most similar in structure to the above? | [
"The talents recruited by A. H company this year all have a good professional background and comprehensive quality, Xiao Liu has a good professional background and comprehensive quality, so Xiao Liu is the talent recruited by H company this year.",
"So everyone who is 70 years old can receive the living allowance for the elderly. Mr. Wang is 75 years old this year, and he can receive the living allowance for the elderly.",
"Penguin eggs can be hatched in all suitable conditions, but the penguin eggs on T island are not hatched, so the environment on T island is not suitable.",
"All students admitted to top universities are smart students, Li Ke has not been accepted to top universities, so Li Ke is not a smart student."
] | 2 |
In the context of globalization, the problem of profit transfer by multinational companies has increasingly become the focus of government attention. If this problem is not resolved, it will exacerbate the inequality of income distribution between large capital and labor. The company's corporate income tax rate, or the formation of new rules of cross-border tax governance, otherwise, this will be a difficult problem. | If the above statement is true, which of the following statements must be true? | [
"Countries can formulate uniform corporate income tax rates or form new rules for cross-border tax governance, which can solve the problem of profit transfer of multinational companies.",
"If the problem of profit transfer of multinational companies is solved, the inequality of income distribution between large capital and labor can be eliminated.",
"If countries do not formulate uniform corporate income tax rates or do not form new rules for cross-border tax governance, the inequality of income distribution between large capital and labor will be further exacerbated.",
"If countries do not set a uniform corporate income tax rate, the formation of new rules for cross-border tax governance will not solve the problem of profit transfer of multinational companies."
] | 2 |
Only people with good logical thinking skills and a background in physics can be qualified for this position. | If the above judgment is true, which of the following cannot be true? | [
"Zhao, a Ph. D. in physics, is qualified for this position.",
"Xiao Li, who has never studied physics, is qualified for this position.",
"Xiao Liu has a background in physics, but he is not qualified for this position.",
"Xiao Sun is not qualified for this position, but his logical thinking ability is recognized by everyone."
] | 1 |
A study found that silicon dioxide is a form of silicon that is easily absorbed by plants. By using silicon dioxide to improve the soil, plants can precipitate small particles called "plant stones". The silicon contained in the particles can slow down insects Due to the development of grains, the texture of granular stones can also wear insect mouthparts, thereby reducing the degree of plant pests. Therefore, relevant researchers have suggested that such silicon elements can be added to soils in areas where crops are often affected by insects. | Which of the following, if true, would best refute the above suggestions? | [
"Insect resistance and drug sensitivity are the same in all regions.",
"Insect-affected areas are generally deficient in silicon.",
"Silicon in crops can affect the physical development of consumers.",
"Silicon-rich crops taste better than ordinary crops."
] | 2 |
Drinking 2-10 times a week is the right amount. Some surveys have found that men who drink 2-10 times a week have a lower risk of heart disease than men who drink less than 2 times a week. Therefore, moderate drinking can reduce men's risk of heart disease. | Which of the following is true and the argument cannot be weakened the most? | [
"Women who drink moderately are more likely to develop hepatitis than women who drink less than twice a week.",
"Men who drink moderate amounts pay more attention to strengthening physical exercise.",
"Men who drink moderately are generally younger than men who drink less than twice a week.",
"Men all think that you can increase your alcohol consumption when you are in good health."
] | 0 |
Some education experts have suggested that if the method of allocating teachers to all schools according to age, education level, and title level is used to allocate educational resources and achieve educational equity, it can better solve the social problems caused by the fierce competition in key schools. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the opinion of this education expert? | [
"Many key school teachers show support.",
"Most students and parents object.",
"Some key school teachers require working in low-priced suburban schools.",
"There is a clear gap between the construction of hardware facilities in ordinary schools and key schools."
] | 3 |
A survey of a group of young smokers in area Y found that adolescents from second-hand smoke families and at least one parent were smokers. Therefore, if the number of second-hand smoke families in the area can be significantly reduced, the number of new smokers will be significantly reduced. | Which of the following, if true, would best support the above argument? | [
"Quit smoking methods for adults and teens.",
"Smoking adolescents can quit smoking through active intervention.",
"Adults and adolescents learn to smoke in the same way.",
"Y area has a higher percentage of young people smoking in second-hand smoke families than other families."
] | 3 |
It is often mentioned that it is difficult for college graduates to find employment. However, according to statistics, in recent years, the ratio of job vacancies to job seekers in China has generally been greater than 1, and the demand in the labor market is greater than supply. Among the job seekers, college graduates have a higher education level. As a result, China's college graduates do not actually have the problem of difficult employment. | If the following information is true, which of the following can effectively refute the above conclusions are:. | [
"The current economic downturn is under great pressure, and many companies have strictly controlled labor costs and have started to lay off employees.",
"Some of the most scarce jobs in the labor market are mainly suitable for senior technicians.",
"College graduates are often highly competitive.",
"Some high-skilled talents earn more than university graduates."
] | 1 |
Both A and B may be invited to participate in an expert forum. Now A has learned the following information: (1) the forum organizer has decided to invite at least one of A or B. (2) the forum organizer has decided not to invite A (3) Forum organizer will definitely invite A. (4) Forum organizer decides to invite B. | If two of the above messages are true and two are false, then:. | [
"Forum organizer decides to invite A. not B.",
"Forum organizer decides to invite B, not invite A.",
"Forum organizer decides to invite both A and B.",
"The forum organizer decides to invite neither A nor B."
] | 0 |
A scientific research institute developed a nerve stimulation technology. They implemented the stimulation on a group of skiers in the experiment. After several weeks, they found that compared with those who did not receive the stimulation, their jumping ability and coordination were improved The national sports department plans to cooperate with the agency to promote the use of this technology in the training and competition of skiers. | Which of the following is true and most likely to question the plans of the country's sports sector? | [
"Unstimulated athletes can also improve jumping ability and coordination through normal training.",
"This cooperation will increase the expenditure of the country's sports sector.",
"The country is a traditional skiing powerhouse and has long been a world leader in skiing performance.",
"This technology will reduce the concentration of athletes, and concentration is a prerequisite for the ability."
] | 3 |
When introducing a tea to a guest, a tea dealer said: "This tea is produced in Yunshan, and the famous Yunshan tea is produced in Yunshan, so this is the authentic Yunshan tea. ". | Which of the following is most similar to the logic when the dealer introduced tea:. | [
"The students in the third class are hard-working and hard-working. Xiao Li is a student in the third class, so Xiao-li is hard-working and hard-working.",
"The Flying Car is produced in a certain country. The car just now is not a Flying Car, so it must not be made in China.",
"All drivers must have a driving license, Xiao Zheng has a driving license, so Xiao Zheng is the driver.",
"A good doctor needs to have superb medical skills and noble medical ethics. Xiao Chen has both, so he is a good doctor."
] | 2 |
A company recruits a business manager, Xiao Zhang and Xiao Li come to apply. Xiao Zhang said: "If I become a business manager, I will be aggressive and develop new business. " Xiao Li said: "If I become a manager, I will Optimize management and reduce staff. "In the end, one of them became a business manager and successfully realized his job proposition. | It follows that the following statements must be true:. | [
"The company has not only opened up new business, but has also reduced staff.",
"If the company develops a new business, it must be Xiao Zhang who has become a business manager.",
"If the company has reduced staff, it must be Xiao Li who has become a business manager.",
"If the company does not start a new business, it will definitely reduce staff."
] | 3 |
As the interest rate on mortgage loans has been reduced and the pressure on people to repay their loans has been reduced, an agency predicts that the sales of commercial housing in a certain place will increase, but in fact, the sales have not increased significantly. | Which of the following, if true, best explains the above phenomenon? | [
"There has always been a phenomenon of population outflow.",
"Local commercial housing prices have not fallen significantly.",
"Some developers canceled the preferential policies for buying a house.",
"Per capita income declines due to the poor economic environment."
] | 3 |
Media A. reported that since the beginning of this year, the number of people suffering from seasonal skin diseases has risen sharply, which is caused by increasing water pollution in cities and worsening air quality. Media B. reports that the number of people with seasonal skin diseases has risen sharply. There is no relationship between urban water pollution and air quality deterioration, mainly due to people's lack of exercise and physical fitness decline. | Which of the following, if true, would best challenge the views of Media B. ? | [
"The physical fitness of children aged 7-12 is generally lower than that of 10 years ago.",
"Most people with skin diseases in spring will get better in autumn and winter.",
"EPA acknowledges growing urban water pollution and air quality problems.",
"The number of swimmers suffering from seasonal skin diseases is increasing year by year."
] | 3 |
An investment company said when evaluating a project: We select investment projects mainly based on the technical threshold and future market demand of the project, not the current business growth rate. There are so many new investable projects now, and they are developing rapidly in the short term. But it was soon caught up by other projects, which was obviously not what we wanted. The turnover of this project increased five times in one year, but it is necessary to doubt its future situation. | Which of the following is most similar to the logic of the investment company's evaluation project:. | [
"Whether the marriage life is happy depends on the degree of harmony between the couple, not the family income. Some high-income couples, but not happy marriage life.",
"It is not reliable to evaluate a movie through the box office. Even if the movie box office is high, the audience's reputation may not be good.",
"When a football team selects new players, in addition to paying attention to their technical level, they value their training status and development potential.",
"For a singer to be successful, talent and excellent marketing are indispensable. Those failing singers have no talent or poor marketing."
] | 1 |
The influenza virus mutates at a fairly rapid rate, and even if the vaccine is updated every year, it cannot guarantee that the vaccination covers all the "seasonal epidemic models. " Influenza vaccination can neither guarantee 100% of the flu, but also may cause side effects such as low fever in the vaccinated population. There is no need to get a flu vaccine. | If the following options are true, the above conclusions cannot be effectively refuted:. | [
"Influenza vaccination can reduce the risk of serious complications due to influenza in children, chronic disease patients and other high-risk groups.",
"Vaccination with seasonal flu can reduce the risk of influenza virus infection in susceptible people.",
"Only a very small number of people will have a systemic reaction after receiving the flu vaccine, and it can be relieved in a day or two, which is much lighter than the symptoms of the flu.",
"People who have recovered from the disease can get a certain degree of immunity and will not be infected by the same flu virus again within 1 year."
] | 3 |
Narcissistic personality disorder is a complex personality disorder that is often misunderstood. Its basic characteristics are exaggeration of self-worth and lack of public perception of others. People with this personality disorder often have a sense of privilege and expect that they can get special Most of the friendship and treatment are based on interests. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following manifestations of non-narcissistic personality disorder are:. | [
"Xiao Zhang always feels that he is the best person and deserves all honors.",
"Xiao Zhao always throws away gifts carefully chosen by friends.",
"Xiao Liu likes to instruct others while he is in the bedroom.",
"Kobayashi has always been persistent in his goals, and does not care about other people's evaluation."
] | 3 |
Secondary environmental problems are caused by human activities and are divided into two categories: environmental pollution and ecological damage. Environmental pollution is the direct or indirect discharge of substances or energy beyond the self-purification ability of the human, which deteriorates the quality of the environment and destroys the ecology. System and people's living environment; ecological damage is caused by human activities directly acting on the natural environment. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are environmental pollution:. | [
"The uneven distribution of water resources in the region has further exacerbated water stress.",
"Soil and water loss caused by vegetation damage, polluted water quality affects the ecological balance.",
"Land desertification caused by large-scale reclamation of grasslands, reducing land area and output.",
"Harmful light blue smoke generated by carbon dioxide emitted from automobiles under the action of ultraviolet rays."
] | 3 |
Good faith acquisition refers to the transfer of real or movable property to the assignee by the person without sanction, the assignee is in good faith and paid a reasonable price, and acquires the ownership of the real or movable property in accordance with the law. At the same time, the transferred movable property shall be registered in accordance with the law. Of which have been registered, those that do not require registration have been delivered to the assignee. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following transactions constitute goodwill:. | [
"A lent the bicycle to B, and B sold the bicycle to C. C didn't know that B had no right to dispose of beforehand, and constituted a transaction at a reasonable price.",
"A sold the property jointly owned by the couple to B without authorization and signed an agreement, but then failed to register the property rights of the house due to the dispute. B asked A to assist in the transfer of property rights and deliver the house.",
"The owner registered on the driving license of the car used by A is B. A did not provide the right to dispose of the transaction and traded the car with C at a reasonable price.",
"A enters the city and entrusts B to manage his own land. B privately transfers the land to C. C promises to purchase it at a reasonable price and is ready to register."
] | 0 |
Allelopathy refers to the direct or indirect effects of plants on other plants by releasing chemicals into the environment. | According to the above definitions, Which of the following are not consistent with allelopathy:. | [
"When wheat and soybean are intercropped, the nitrogen absorption capacity of wheat is improved.",
"Terpenoids from shrubs inhibit germination of herb seeds.",
"Acacia trees will volatilize toxic substances into the air, making the survival rate of weeds around the trees very low.",
"Chemicals in a herbicide can affect the growth of dicotyledonous weeds, thereby achieving the effect of elimination."
] | 3 |
Customized marketing is based on the accurate positioning of marketing, taking modern information technology as the main means, taking customers as the main body of marketing, and taking customer needs as the marketing orientation. Enterprises accurately grasp the customer's consumer psychology and consumption needs, and establish Personalized customer communication and management system, based on this, fully tap the customer's consumption value, so as to carry out targeted corporate development activities and improve the competitiveness of the enterprise. | Based on the above definitions, Which of the following are not part of custom marketing:. | [
"A furniture brand is aimed at consumers who are too tall, and can produce a set of furniture to meet the needs.",
"A gym can design an equipment solution suitable for individuals according to the fitness needs of specific customers.",
"A game designed for most users who like egg yolk moon cakes, a game that collects egg yolk and lotus root.",
"A brand website can produce a customized skin care or hair care product to meet customer needs."
] | 2 |
Doing chores like washing dishes and stacking clothes makes you feel bad? A researcher conducted a survey involving more than 6,000 female volunteers aged 63 to 99. The researchers found that compared with the elderly who were basically immobile Female volunteers who engage in 30-minute chores every day have a 12% lower risk of death. Therefore, researchers believe that simple activities such as housework can help extend life. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the opinion of the above researchers? | [
"This study focuses on older women, and those who like sports when they are young can maintain exercise habits as they age.",
"Many seniors can cultivate their own hobbies, such as learning calligraphy, photography, travel, etc. , which will help to prolong the life.",
"There are 554,000 elderly associations in China, with 20 million elderly volunteers, covering most urban and rural communities in the country.",
"The aerobics for the elderly is a set of fitness methods with Chinese characteristics formed by integrating sports, dance, and music into a combination of Chinese and foreign strengths."
] | 0 |
A study by the University of London found that over-reliance on GPS navigation can block the brain's hippocampus from forming new memories; the use of electronic products will cause many people to communicate in scattered languages only; replacing games with television and traditional reading will People's reading ability and thinking ability decline, so researchers believe that high technology can make people stupid. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the opinion of the above researchers? | [
"With the help of high-tech equipment, human beings can understand nature more accurately, thereby improving human's awareness of the world.",
"With the continuous enrichment of neuroimaging technology and information processing methods, brain research has gradually shifted to deeper neural functions.",
"One experiment injected a drug that blocks protein synthesis into the hippocampus of rats, but the learning ability of the rats was not significantly impaired.",
"Some studies have found that the human brain can make corresponding adjustments and changes as lifestyle changes brought about by high technology."
] | 0 |
Heart disease is closely related to fatty embolism in arterial blood vessels, but a new study suggests that fat molecules may come not only from food but also from a certain type of bacteria in the mouth. Researchers believe that oral diseases are often related to heart disease. | Which of the following, if true, would best support the researcher's point of view? | [
"Heart disease is usually caused by atherosclerosis, during which arterial blood vessels are blocked by a substance called \"lipids\".",
"The lipid molecules produced by this bacterium are different from the composition of lipids in mammals and belong to a special bacterial family.",
"In general, these bacteria only remain active in the mouth, and they may cause periodontal disease in the right environment.",
"Cytokines caused by oral diseases can destroy islet glands, reduce the amount of necessary insulin secreted by the body, and easily cause diabetes."
] | 1 |
Some scientists analyzed microfossils in a rock about 3.5 billion years ago in Australia. They used a secondary ion mass spectrometer to separate carbon-12 from carbon-13 in each microfossil, and measured both. Proportionately, they found that the fossils contained a primitive group of organisms, so they speculated that life appeared on Earth as early as 3.5 billion years ago. | To reach the above conclusions, the prerequisites that need to be added are:. | [
"As early as 4.3 billion years ago, liquid water existed on Earth.",
"The carbon-13 and carbon-12 ratios of microfossils have characteristics of biological and metabolic functions.",
"Methane was an important component of the early Earth's atmosphere before the advent of oxygen and was a simple organic matter.",
"Stones suspected of being a biological remains more than three billion years ago have been found in both Greenland and Canada."
] | 1 |
Compared with the last glacial period of 26,000 years to 16,000 years ago, the desert in the northern region of China has shrunk considerably, and it has expanded significantly compared to the Holocene Warm period from 9000 to 5,000 years ago. Therefore, researchers believe that Changes in climate, and even changes in the amount of ice in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere, are the main factors affecting the change in the surface environment of deserts and sandy lands in China. | If the following are true, the above argument can be strengthened most:. | [
"The use of biological and engineering measures to build a protective system helps control desertification.",
"A crescent-shaped dune is formed in a dry area in the northwest due to wind all year round.",
"The Sahara Desert is located on both sides of the Tropic of Cancer, controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone, and the climate is hot and dry.",
"During a period of time, the temperature in northern China increased, rainfall increased, and the area of quicksand shrank by half."
] | 3 |
On the winter solstice, Xiao Ming, Xiao Hong, Xiao Li, and Xiao Qiang each ate a kind of food, namely dumplings, dumplings, noodles, and rice. Known: 1 Xiao Ming did not eat dumplings, and did not eat rice; 2 Xiao Hong did not eat dumplings, Did not eat noodles; 3 If Xiaoming did not eat noodles, then Xiaoqiang did not eat dumplings; 4 Xiaoli did not eat dumplings or rice. | It can be inferred from this:. | [
"Xiao Ming eats dumplings, Xiao Li eats noodles.",
"Xiaoqiang eats noodles, Xiaoli eats dumplings.",
"Xiaoli eats dumplings, Xiaoming eats noodles.",
"Xiaohong eats noodles, Xiaoqiang eats rice."
] | 2 |
Researchers conducted an experiment to show more than a dozen portraits of equally dressed children to a judging panel composed of doctors and teachers. The group members need to judge the children's intelligence based on the portrait photos. The results of subjective judgments will be compared with the results of objective intelligence tests. Finally, researchers have concluded that people can judge the individual's IQ based on their appearance. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion? | [
"Hollywood's well-known movie stars are no shortage of high school graduates.",
"If a person is dignified, we may mistakenly think that he must be very intelligent.",
"According to the law of social homosexual mating, the intelligent gene and the beautiful gene will continue to optimize the combination.",
"Beautiful children can receive more intensive education, and their talents can be better developed."
] | 1 |
Some scientists have studied several existing nautilus fossils and found that the wavy threads on their shells have the same function as tree rings. The threads are divided into many spaces. Although the width and width are different, there are about 30 small wavy growth lines. The number of days per month in the modern lunar calendar is exactly the same. Observations have shown that the wavy growth line of the nautilus grows one every day and every other month. And there is a lot of scientific evidence that the moon is gradually moving away from the earth, and the lunar calendar is exactly the moon around the earth Days of the week. | It can be inferred from this:. | [
"The wavy growth line of nautilus will grow longer and slower.",
"The wavy growth line of nautilus will grow longer and wider.",
"The spiral shell growth line of the same geological age is fixed.",
"The number of growth lines per ancient nautilus gradually decreases as the fossil age advances."
] | 1 |
A medical trial of adult hypertensive patients without a history of stroke and myocardial infarction was performed. The patients participating in the trial were randomly assigned to two groups, one taking a fixed compound (10 mg enalapril and 0.8 mg daily). (Folic acid composition), the other group was simply taking 10 mg of enalapril daily orally. After more than 4 years of treatment, a stroke of 2.7 occurred in the fixed compound group and a stroke of 3.4 in enalapril group, that is, After taking enalapril in combination with folic acid, the risk of stroke was significantly reduced. | To reach the above conclusions, the prerequisites that need to be added are:. | [
"Before the experiment, there was no significant difference in folate levels between the two groups of patients.",
"Enalapril can fight myocardial ischemia and reduce the scope of myocardial infarction.",
"Taking Enalapril with Folic Acid Does Not Have Any Side Effects.",
"Stroke risk tests were performed on both groups of subjects before the experiment."
] | 0 |
A survey report shows that in 2016, the proportion of Chinese women's income used for consumption, savings and investment was 62:23:16, and at the same time, the proportion of consumption increased significantly compared with the previous year, and women's personalized demand for products or services is often higher than that of men. Some experts believe that women in China have become important promoters of upgrading the consumption structure. | Which of the following, if true, would best support the views of these experts? | [
"Women's irrational consumption is outstanding and easily affected by discounts, friends, sales, etc.",
"About 60% of domestic women are in charge of household finances, and 75% of household consumption is decided by women.",
"Women have higher requirements for the quality of products and services, and have a strong need for safety protection, etc.",
"China's female consumer group aged 15-60 is about 480 million, which has become an important consumer group."
] | 1 |
For a city to develop the convention and exhibition industry, it is necessary to "build a nest and attract phoenixes"-first having the hardware and software foundation, and then attracting convention and exhibition activities. Having complete convention and exhibition facilities and ideal transportation conditions just shows that a city has the development of the convention and exhibition industry In order to attract a sufficient number of high-quality convention and exhibition activities, it is also necessary to improve the level of public services and build a good business environment to strengthen the construction of soft power. | If the above statement is true, which of the following is unlikely to happen? | [
"City A has the hardware foundation to develop the exhibition industry, but it does not develop well.",
"City B vigorously improved the level of public services and attracted a sufficient number of high-quality convention and exhibition activities.",
"The exhibition industry in C is very developed, but the problem of aging municipal facilities is becoming increasingly prominent.",
"Ding ’s convention and exhibition facilities are complete and the transportation conditions are ideal, but it does not have the hardware foundation to develop the convention and exhibition industry."
] | 3 |
G city has a developed economy and abundant education resources. Many college students studying in G city choose to work and live in G city after graduation. However, this year, several cities around G city have introduced a series of preferential policies for university students to settle in. Many college students in G City have therefore chosen to move their hukou to surround cities. It can be predicted that college students staying in G City this year will find jobs more easily. | Which of the above can refute the above argument? | [
"In several cities around A. G, college students also find it difficult to find a job.",
"Compared with last year, the number of workers recruited in large factories in G City has decreased this year.",
"The vast majority of G city university students who move their hukou to surround cities still choose to work in G city.",
"Some surveys point out that college students in G City have not faced great employment pressure in the past few years."
] | 2 |
In the industrial structure of developed countries, the service industry accounts for a high proportion. According to their experience, increasing the proportion of the service industry can promote employment. However, the service industry has higher barriers to entry, which is also the relative development of China's service industry. An important reason for the lag. Therefore, China can further promote employment by breaking down industry barriers in the service industry. | which is the most likely underlying assumption of the above argument? | [
"The law of promoting employment in the service industry applies to China.",
"China's ability to create jobs is weaker than developed countries.",
"Industry barriers also exist in service industries in developed countries.",
"Other industries have no significant role in promoting employment."
] | 0 |
In recent years, with the rise of large-scale wild zoos, it has been suggested that traditional urban zoos no longer need to exist. However, traditional urban zoos have the advantages of low fares and convenient transportation. Educational function, so traditional urban mobilization is indispensable. | Which of the following is not a flaw in the above argument? | [
"Ignore the possibility of coexistence of safari and traditional urban zoos.",
"Traditional urban zoos with strong educational functions should be retained by default.",
"Ignoring low fares, convenient transportation is not equivalent to facilitating visits by primary and secondary school students.",
"By default, the zoos that are convenient for primary and secondary schools to visit have a strong educational function."
] | 0 |
Historical experience tells us that the world economic crisis is often accompanied by huge world changes: the electrical revolution after the world economic crisis in 1857 pushed human society from the steam era into the electrical age; the world economic crisis in 1929 triggered the Second World War, which objectively promoted science The development of technology. From this, we can see that the economic crisis has created huge world changes. | Which of the following is most similar to the logic of the argument process? | [
"Incorrect sitting posture will increase the burden on the neck, which is the main cause of back pain.",
"Submarine earthquakes are the main cause of tsunamis, because subsea earthquakes can often be observed before the tsunami.",
"The life expectancy of astronauts is significantly higher than that of ordinary people, so radiation exposure during space travel does not harm the human body.",
"Many frail and sick people don't like to eat vegetables, so if you want to maintain good health, you must get enough dietary fiber from vegetables."
] | 1 |
The chip industry is a global division of labor and cooperation industry, and its distribution is very wide. The problems and challenges faced by different fields are also very different, and no country can have a complete and independent controllable chip industry chain. But a country wants To gain the right to speak in the chip industry, at least you should master the key technologies of certain links in the industrial chain, so as to avoid being controlled by others. | Based on the above statement, what must be the following judgments correct? | [
"As long as a country has the right to speak in the chip industry, the country may have a complete chip industry chain.",
"If a country does not have the key technologies of the chip industry, the country's chip industry will be constrained by people.",
"If a country's chip industry is not to be controlled by others, it must have a complete chip industry chain.",
"If a country has mastered the key technologies of the chip industry, then the country must have the right to speak."
] | 1 |
One office has a master's degree in education, a bachelor's degree in education, a master's degree in philosophy, and a bachelor's degree in philosophy. Of the four, A is not a master of education or a bachelor of philosophy; A and C are studying the same subject; B has only obtained a bachelor's degree; Ding does not learn philosophy. | If the above statement is true, is the following statement correct? | [
"A is a Bachelor of Education.",
"B is a Bachelor of Philosophy.",
"C is a Bachelor of Philosophy.",
"Ding is a Bachelor of Education."
] | 2 |
Studies have shown that talking to others about their worries is an effective way to relieve stress, but in real life, more than 40% of people do not talk to others about their worries, and this part of people often feel their work and life stress, Therefore, the more often a person talks to others about their worries, the less stress they feel in work and life. | Which of the following options best point out the deficiencies of the above argument? | [
"It is assumed that stress-relieving behavior is necessary for individuals.",
"Ignoring that everyone has a significant difference in their ability to tolerate stress.",
"Increasing the frequency of behaviors by default helps to strengthen the effects of behaviors.",
"Ignoring the issue of telling others about their concerns may cause privacy leaks and other issues."
] | 2 |
In recent years, "trace management" has been widely used in grass-roots work. Its advantage is that it can effectively restore the work of serving the people through the retained texts, pictures and other working materials for future verification. A grassroots unit in a certain area in order to strengthen "Management" has greatly increased the proportion of work materials in the assessment score. Obviously, this approach will make local grass-roots cadres spend a lot of energy on retaining work traces. | which is the most likely underlying assumption of the above argument? | [
"Grassroots cadres attach great importance to assessment scores.",
"Some grassroots cadres lack service awareness to the masses.",
"\"Trace Management\" requires all work traces to be retained.",
"Most grassroots cadres lack the \"mark\" condition."
] | 0 |
A research institute conducted safety collision experiments on three brands of old-generation scooters. The experiments showed that all three brands of scooters could not protect the driver in the event of a traffic accident. The agency, therefore, believed that the old-generation scooters were very dangerous and the government Scooters should be banned from driving on the road to guide older people to drive ordinary cars. | Which of the following options does not support the above assertion? | [
"The price of scooters is generally lower than ordinary cars.",
"The market share of these three brands of scooters is extremely high.",
"Elderly people using scooters are generally qualified to drive cars.",
"Safety is the primary factor in determining whether a scooter can go on the road."
] | 0 |
In recent years, with the rise of large-scale wild zoos, it has been suggested that traditional urban zoos no longer need to exist. However, traditional urban zoos have the advantages of low fares and convenient transportation, and it is very convenient to organize visits to primary and secondary schools, so they have a strong education Function, so the traditional city zoo is indispensable. | Which of the following is not a flaw in the above argument? | [
"Ignore the possibility of coexistence of safari and traditional urban zoos.",
"Traditional urban zoos with strong educational functions should be retained by default.",
"Ignoring low fares, convenient transportation is not the same as facilitating visits to primary and secondary schools.",
"By default, the zoos that are convenient for primary and secondary schools to visit have strong educational functions."
] | 0 |
Studies have shown that diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by multiple etiologies. It is the result of a combination of factors and has a family aggregation phenomenon. Family history is an important basis for indicating the risk of diabetes. Understanding family history can help prevent diabetes better. | What premise must be added to reach the above conclusion? | [
"The phenomenon of family aggregation is reflected in family history.",
"Understanding the risk of diabetes can help prevent it.",
"Most people have access to their family history.",
"Unhealthy lifestyle is also a factor affecting the onset of diabetes."
] | 1 |
An excessively dense urban layout not only easily causes the city to have a heat island effect, but also does not meet the requirements of ecological aesthetics. Therefore, urban construction should expand the layout as much as possible, reasonably space each city group, so that the city looks soothing and orderly, and not crowded Not messy. | which is the most similar to the logic of this process? | [
"Only the combination of interesting stories and popular theories can attract people, make people really understand the connotation, and fall in love with science. So, starting with the small things in daily life, science can be very interesting.",
"The burden of schoolwork in primary and middle schools is too heavy, which is a major problem that affects the happy and healthy growth of primary and secondary school students. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the burden of schoolwork to the end and eliminate blind areas such as online training.",
"The origin of astronomy is roughly at the same time as the origin of civilization. Therefore, pursuing the origin of astronomy means that we can grasp the context of the birth and development of civilization to some extent.",
"The lawyer team is related to the people's demand for the rule of law and is directly related to the competitiveness of a place. Therefore, perfect legal services are an important part of the business environment and an important yardstick for measuring the attractiveness of cities."
] | 1 |
Since the 1970s, some regions have introduced the cultivation of European and American black poplars for papermaking. These European and American black poplars adapt to the local climate and environment, grow rapidly, and the area of planting has expanded rapidly. However, in recent years, local ecological and environmental problems have become increasingly serious. It is believed that the ecological environment in the region can be repaired by cutting off these European and American black poplars. | Which of the following options best point out the shortcomings of the above discussion? | [
"Assume that other crops can replace the economic value of European and American black poplar.",
"Ignoring other exotic plants introduced in the area can also affect the ecological environment.",
"It is assumed that the planting area of European and American black poplar introduced in this area is much larger than the area of local tree species.",
"The causal relationship between the expansion of the poplar planting area in Europe and the United States and the ecological and environmental problems."
] | 3 |
As the pace of life accelerates, many people will use time management software to plan their time to improve work efficiency. This approach is feasible. Because the "reminder function" of the brain is not accurate enough, it is rarely done at the right time The right reminders, and external reminders can help you better grasp the time. | Which of the following options can most weaken the above argument? | [
"Time management software will increase stress and affect work efficiency.",
"The quality of time management software is uneven, and it is difficult for people to distinguish between good and bad.",
"Time management software will further accelerate people's pace of life.",
"Time management software is difficult to apply to all work and life matters."
] | 0 |
E-books of literary works will bring a high degree of attention to the works, which can drive the sales of paper books. Therefore, all publishers who want to increase the sales of print literary works will publish e-books for literary works. book. | Which of the following is most similar to the logic of the argument process? | [
"Family education can cultivate children's knowledge, character, and skills, so as to ensure the development of children's talents. Therefore, parents' attention to family education is a sufficient condition to ensure the development of children's talents.",
"Whether or not to master the lifeblood of a work is a criterion for judging whether a writer has his own language system. This is because a writer who has his own language system can master the lifeblood of a work and become an excellent writer.",
"Family style and folk style complement each other, and folk style is closely related to national style. In modern society, the good family style must influence the formation of a good social style. Only a good family style can breed a civilized society.",
"To inherit traditional culture, we must build a traditional culture inheritance system, because once this system is constructed, we can systematically extract its essence and remove its dregs, thereby ensuring the inheritance and development of traditional culture."
] | 3 |
With the increase of the resident population in a city, the per capita area of sports venues is gradually decreasing. According to a recent study, the physical fitness of residents in the city has gradually declined in recent years. Based on this, some experts believe that the lack of sports venues As a result, the amount of exercise of the residents is insufficient, so the physical fitness of the residents has decreased year by year. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the above conclusion? | [
"Most free sports venues in the city are deserted all year round.",
"Total annual consumption of residents in sports continues to rise.",
"The types of regular sports that residents in the city are increasing.",
"The number of residents who can continue to exercise has declined year by year."
] | 0 |
Greenland's ice shelf is retreating at a crazy speed, glaciers in Alaska and Norway are melting significantly, glaciers in the Andes have disappeared, glaciers in Patagonia are in danger, and the highest peaks in the Alps are horrible. The glaciers in China are showing signs of decline . The above phenomenon shows that global glaciers have withered under the influence of climate warming. But in recent years, glaciologists have found an unusual phenomenon, the glaciers in the Karakoram Mountains It has not melted, and the data show that these glaciers are even thickening, adding 11 centimeters per year. | Which of the following conclusions best supports the above conclusions? | [
"The global climate has not actually warmed.",
"Climate warming is not the only cause of melting glaciers.",
"Climate warming will not affect the increase or decrease of glaciers.",
"Climate warming has less impact on glaciers than on other ecology."
] | 2 |
Which of the following are the weather conditions in some cities in northern China on a winter day: (1) some cities have snowfall; (2) some cities have no snowfall; (3) Beijing and Handan have no snowfall. | If only one of the three assertions is true, which of the following options must be true? | [
"Snowfall in Beijing, but not in Handan.",
"Snowfall in all these cities.",
"No snow in all of these cities.",
"None of the above options may be true."
] | 1 |
Last year, a town assigned three college student village officials A. B, and C to work in Hefeng Village, Tuanjie Village, and Yangmei Village. People did not know who was assigned to which village to work, but they did the following three Guess: 1 A is assigned to work in Hefeng Village, B is assigned to work in Tuanjie Village; 2A is assigned to work in Tuanjie Village, C is assigned to work in Hefeng Village; 3A is assigned to work in Yangmei Village, B is assigned to work in Hefeng Village. It was later confirmed that all three guesses were only half-matched. | Can it be launched from this? | [
"A is assigned to work in Hefeng Village, B is assigned to work in Tuanjie Village, and C is assigned to work in Yangmei Village.",
"A is assigned to work in Tuanjie Village, B is assigned to work in Hefeng Village, and C is assigned to work in Yangmei Village.",
"A is assigned to work in Yangmei Village, B is assigned to work in Hefeng Village, and C is assigned to work in Tuanjie Village.",
"A is assigned to work in Yangmei Village, B is assigned to Tuanjie Village, and C is assigned to Hefeng Village."
] | 3 |
The Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development jointly issued the `` Pilot Scheme for the Construction of Leased Houses Using Collective Construction Land, '' which officially allowed urban villages, suburban villages, and urban edge villages to construct leased housing for collective construction land. The construction of leased housing on collective construction land into the market will enable a large number of people who have the willingness and ability to buy a house to rent a house, thereby stabilizing housing prices. | Which of the following, if true, would be most likely to challenge the above view? | [
"Pilot construction of leased housing for collective construction land will lead to a reduction in the supply of land for commercial housing construction.",
"Allowing collective construction land to construct leased housing will damage farmers' agricultural production income, and the progress of the pilot program will be hindered.",
"The promulgation of the pilot scheme has given legal status to rental houses in urban villages, suburban villages, and urban villages.",
"A large number of collective construction land sneaked into the city before the pilot scheme was issued, and the demand for the rental market has been met."
] | 3 |
A university professor believes that since the implementation of China's housing provident fund system, only some deposit-paying employees who have the ability to buy a house have enjoyed low-interest housing loans, and it has not played a role in housing security for those working-class workers with low income and no ability to buy a house. Therefore, the housing provident fund system is a "robbing the poor and helping the rich" system, and the state should cancel the housing provident fund system. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the professor's point of view? | [
"The housing provident fund system is a compulsory housing security system established by the state.",
"The provident fund of the enterprise deposit is an additional income for the individual.",
"Deposit workers of private enterprises do not have the ability to purchase a house due to low income.",
"Migrant workers are generally unwilling to buy a house at work."
] | 1 |
Due to the high housing prices and prices in China's large cities, the cost of living is significantly higher than that of small and medium cities, especially for small towns, the cost of living in large cities is several times that of small towns. In this way, it is bound to limit the rural population Influx of large cities. Therefore, China's only reliance on the development of large cities to achieve urbanization is an unsustainable and difficult road. | Which of the following is the premise implicit in the above argument? | [
"There is no upper limit on the capacity of large cities to absorb the rural population.",
"All towns are fully developed before they can be called urbanized.",
"Large cities are far more attractive to the rural population than small and medium cities.",
"To achieve urbanization, cities need to fully absorb the rural population."
] | 3 |
Business management believes that the human resources management department has a very important role in the modern enterprise management process, but the survey found that the department did not participate in the decision-making of the company's development planning throughout, and the senior managers hired by the company were all determined by the CEO. Human resources management departments often only play a supporting and supporting role. | Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument? | [
"Human resources management department has the right to hire middle management personnel.",
"For individual large companies, the manager of the human resources management department has the right to participate in the company's highest decision-making meeting.",
"Talent is a core element of the company's development, and human resources management can attract and retain talent for the company.",
"In the world's top 500 companies, the human resources management department selects staff from employees with first-line work experience."
] | 1 |
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