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9 | 2539-2542 | This is the reason why the Bohr’s model
with its planet-like electron is not applicable to many electron atoms 5 Bohr laid the foundation of the quantum theory by postulating specific
orbits in which electrons do not radiate Bohr’s model include only
one quantum number n |
9 | 2540-2543 | 5 Bohr laid the foundation of the quantum theory by postulating specific
orbits in which electrons do not radiate Bohr’s model include only
one quantum number n The new theory called quantum mechanics
supportes Bohr’s postulate |
9 | 2541-2544 | Bohr laid the foundation of the quantum theory by postulating specific
orbits in which electrons do not radiate Bohr’s model include only
one quantum number n The new theory called quantum mechanics
supportes Bohr’s postulate However in quantum mechanics (more
generally accepted), a given energy level may not correspond to just
one quantum state |
9 | 2542-2545 | Bohr’s model include only
one quantum number n The new theory called quantum mechanics
supportes Bohr’s postulate However in quantum mechanics (more
generally accepted), a given energy level may not correspond to just
one quantum state For example, a state is characterised by four
quantum numbers (n, l, m, and s), but for a pure Coulomb potential
(as in hydrogen atom) the energy depends only on n |
9 | 2543-2546 | The new theory called quantum mechanics
supportes Bohr’s postulate However in quantum mechanics (more
generally accepted), a given energy level may not correspond to just
one quantum state For example, a state is characterised by four
quantum numbers (n, l, m, and s), but for a pure Coulomb potential
(as in hydrogen atom) the energy depends only on n 6 |
9 | 2544-2547 | However in quantum mechanics (more
generally accepted), a given energy level may not correspond to just
one quantum state For example, a state is characterised by four
quantum numbers (n, l, m, and s), but for a pure Coulomb potential
(as in hydrogen atom) the energy depends only on n 6 In Bohr model, contrary to ordinary classical expectation, the frequency
of revolution of an electron in its orbit is not connected to the frequency
of spectral line |
9 | 2545-2548 | For example, a state is characterised by four
quantum numbers (n, l, m, and s), but for a pure Coulomb potential
(as in hydrogen atom) the energy depends only on n 6 In Bohr model, contrary to ordinary classical expectation, the frequency
of revolution of an electron in its orbit is not connected to the frequency
of spectral line The later is the difference between two orbital energies
divided by h |
9 | 2546-2549 | 6 In Bohr model, contrary to ordinary classical expectation, the frequency
of revolution of an electron in its orbit is not connected to the frequency
of spectral line The later is the difference between two orbital energies
divided by h For transitions between large quantum numbers (n to n
– 1, n very large), however, the two coincide as expected |
9 | 2547-2550 | In Bohr model, contrary to ordinary classical expectation, the frequency
of revolution of an electron in its orbit is not connected to the frequency
of spectral line The later is the difference between two orbital energies
divided by h For transitions between large quantum numbers (n to n
– 1, n very large), however, the two coincide as expected 7 |
9 | 2548-2551 | The later is the difference between two orbital energies
divided by h For transitions between large quantum numbers (n to n
– 1, n very large), however, the two coincide as expected 7 Bohr’s semiclassical model based on some aspects of classical physics
and some aspects of modern physics also does not provide a true picture
of the simplest hydrogenic atoms |
9 | 2549-2552 | For transitions between large quantum numbers (n to n
– 1, n very large), however, the two coincide as expected 7 Bohr’s semiclassical model based on some aspects of classical physics
and some aspects of modern physics also does not provide a true picture
of the simplest hydrogenic atoms The true picture is quantum
mechanical affair which differs from Bohr model in a number of
fundamental ways |
9 | 2550-2553 | 7 Bohr’s semiclassical model based on some aspects of classical physics
and some aspects of modern physics also does not provide a true picture
of the simplest hydrogenic atoms The true picture is quantum
mechanical affair which differs from Bohr model in a number of
fundamental ways But then if the Bohr model is not strictly correct,
why do we bother about it |
9 | 2551-2554 | Bohr’s semiclassical model based on some aspects of classical physics
and some aspects of modern physics also does not provide a true picture
of the simplest hydrogenic atoms The true picture is quantum
mechanical affair which differs from Bohr model in a number of
fundamental ways But then if the Bohr model is not strictly correct,
why do we bother about it The reasons which make Bohr’s model
still useful are:
Rationalised 2023-24
305
Atoms
(i)
The model is based on just three postulates but accounts for almost
all the general features of the hydrogen spectrum |
9 | 2552-2555 | The true picture is quantum
mechanical affair which differs from Bohr model in a number of
fundamental ways But then if the Bohr model is not strictly correct,
why do we bother about it The reasons which make Bohr’s model
still useful are:
Rationalised 2023-24
305
Atoms
(i)
The model is based on just three postulates but accounts for almost
all the general features of the hydrogen spectrum (ii) The model incorporates many of the concepts we have learnt in
classical physics |
9 | 2553-2556 | But then if the Bohr model is not strictly correct,
why do we bother about it The reasons which make Bohr’s model
still useful are:
Rationalised 2023-24
305
Atoms
(i)
The model is based on just three postulates but accounts for almost
all the general features of the hydrogen spectrum (ii) The model incorporates many of the concepts we have learnt in
classical physics (iii) The model demonstrates how a theoretical physicist occasionally
must quite literally ignore certain problems of approach in hopes
of being able to make some predictions |
9 | 2554-2557 | The reasons which make Bohr’s model
still useful are:
Rationalised 2023-24
305
Atoms
(i)
The model is based on just three postulates but accounts for almost
all the general features of the hydrogen spectrum (ii) The model incorporates many of the concepts we have learnt in
classical physics (iii) The model demonstrates how a theoretical physicist occasionally
must quite literally ignore certain problems of approach in hopes
of being able to make some predictions If the predictions of the
theory or model agree with experiment, a theoretician then must
somehow hope to explain away or rationalise the problems that
were ignored along the way |
9 | 2555-2558 | (ii) The model incorporates many of the concepts we have learnt in
classical physics (iii) The model demonstrates how a theoretical physicist occasionally
must quite literally ignore certain problems of approach in hopes
of being able to make some predictions If the predictions of the
theory or model agree with experiment, a theoretician then must
somehow hope to explain away or rationalise the problems that
were ignored along the way EXERCISES
12 |
9 | 2556-2559 | (iii) The model demonstrates how a theoretical physicist occasionally
must quite literally ignore certain problems of approach in hopes
of being able to make some predictions If the predictions of the
theory or model agree with experiment, a theoretician then must
somehow hope to explain away or rationalise the problems that
were ignored along the way EXERCISES
12 1
Choose the correct alternative from the clues given at the end of
the each statement:
(a) The size of the atom in Thomson’s model is |
9 | 2557-2560 | If the predictions of the
theory or model agree with experiment, a theoretician then must
somehow hope to explain away or rationalise the problems that
were ignored along the way EXERCISES
12 1
Choose the correct alternative from the clues given at the end of
the each statement:
(a) The size of the atom in Thomson’s model is the atomic
size in Rutherford’s model |
9 | 2558-2561 | EXERCISES
12 1
Choose the correct alternative from the clues given at the end of
the each statement:
(a) The size of the atom in Thomson’s model is the atomic
size in Rutherford’s model (much greater than/no different
from/much less than |
9 | 2559-2562 | 1
Choose the correct alternative from the clues given at the end of
the each statement:
(a) The size of the atom in Thomson’s model is the atomic
size in Rutherford’s model (much greater than/no different
from/much less than )
(b) In the ground state of |
9 | 2560-2563 | the atomic
size in Rutherford’s model (much greater than/no different
from/much less than )
(b) In the ground state of electrons are in stable equilibrium,
while in |
9 | 2561-2564 | (much greater than/no different
from/much less than )
(b) In the ground state of electrons are in stable equilibrium,
while in electrons always experience a net force |
9 | 2562-2565 | )
(b) In the ground state of electrons are in stable equilibrium,
while in electrons always experience a net force (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model |
9 | 2563-2566 | electrons are in stable equilibrium,
while in electrons always experience a net force (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(c) A classical atom based on |
9 | 2564-2567 | electrons always experience a net force (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(c) A classical atom based on is doomed to collapse |
9 | 2565-2568 | (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(c) A classical atom based on is doomed to collapse (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model |
9 | 2566-2569 | )
(c) A classical atom based on is doomed to collapse (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(d) An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a |
9 | 2567-2570 | is doomed to collapse (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(d) An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in |
9 | 2568-2571 | (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(d) An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model |
9 | 2569-2572 | )
(d) An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(e) The positively charged part of the atom possesses most of the
mass in |
9 | 2570-2573 | but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(e) The positively charged part of the atom possesses most of the
mass in (Rutherford’s model/both the models |
9 | 2571-2574 | (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model )
(e) The positively charged part of the atom possesses most of the
mass in (Rutherford’s model/both the models )
12 |
9 | 2572-2575 | )
(e) The positively charged part of the atom possesses most of the
mass in (Rutherford’s model/both the models )
12 2
Suppose you are given a chance to repeat the alpha-particle
scattering experiment using a thin sheet of solid hydrogen in place
of the gold foil |
9 | 2573-2576 | (Rutherford’s model/both the models )
12 2
Suppose you are given a chance to repeat the alpha-particle
scattering experiment using a thin sheet of solid hydrogen in place
of the gold foil (Hydrogen is a solid at temperatures below 14 K |
9 | 2574-2577 | )
12 2
Suppose you are given a chance to repeat the alpha-particle
scattering experiment using a thin sheet of solid hydrogen in place
of the gold foil (Hydrogen is a solid at temperatures below 14 K )
What results do you expect |
9 | 2575-2578 | 2
Suppose you are given a chance to repeat the alpha-particle
scattering experiment using a thin sheet of solid hydrogen in place
of the gold foil (Hydrogen is a solid at temperatures below 14 K )
What results do you expect 12 |
9 | 2576-2579 | (Hydrogen is a solid at temperatures below 14 K )
What results do you expect 12 3
A difference of 2 |
9 | 2577-2580 | )
What results do you expect 12 3
A difference of 2 3 eV separates two energy levels in an atom |
9 | 2578-2581 | 12 3
A difference of 2 3 eV separates two energy levels in an atom What
is the frequency of radiation emitted when the atom make a
transition from the upper level to the lower level |
9 | 2579-2582 | 3
A difference of 2 3 eV separates two energy levels in an atom What
is the frequency of radiation emitted when the atom make a
transition from the upper level to the lower level 12 |
9 | 2580-2583 | 3 eV separates two energy levels in an atom What
is the frequency of radiation emitted when the atom make a
transition from the upper level to the lower level 12 4
The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13 |
9 | 2581-2584 | What
is the frequency of radiation emitted when the atom make a
transition from the upper level to the lower level 12 4
The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13 6 eV |
9 | 2582-2585 | 12 4
The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13 6 eV What are the
kinetic and potential energies of the electron in this state |
9 | 2583-2586 | 4
The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13 6 eV What are the
kinetic and potential energies of the electron in this state 12 |
9 | 2584-2587 | 6 eV What are the
kinetic and potential energies of the electron in this state 12 5
A hydrogen atom initially in the ground level absorbs a photon,
which excites it to the n = 4 level |
9 | 2585-2588 | What are the
kinetic and potential energies of the electron in this state 12 5
A hydrogen atom initially in the ground level absorbs a photon,
which excites it to the n = 4 level Determine the wavelength and
frequency of photon |
9 | 2586-2589 | 12 5
A hydrogen atom initially in the ground level absorbs a photon,
which excites it to the n = 4 level Determine the wavelength and
frequency of photon 12 |
9 | 2587-2590 | 5
A hydrogen atom initially in the ground level absorbs a photon,
which excites it to the n = 4 level Determine the wavelength and
frequency of photon 12 6
(a) Using the Bohr’s model calculate the speed of the electron in a
hydrogen atom in the n = 1, 2, and 3 levels |
9 | 2588-2591 | Determine the wavelength and
frequency of photon 12 6
(a) Using the Bohr’s model calculate the speed of the electron in a
hydrogen atom in the n = 1, 2, and 3 levels (b) Calculate the orbital
period in each of these levels |
9 | 2589-2592 | 12 6
(a) Using the Bohr’s model calculate the speed of the electron in a
hydrogen atom in the n = 1, 2, and 3 levels (b) Calculate the orbital
period in each of these levels 12 |
9 | 2590-2593 | 6
(a) Using the Bohr’s model calculate the speed of the electron in a
hydrogen atom in the n = 1, 2, and 3 levels (b) Calculate the orbital
period in each of these levels 12 7
The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is
5 |
9 | 2591-2594 | (b) Calculate the orbital
period in each of these levels 12 7
The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is
5 3×10–11 m |
9 | 2592-2595 | 12 7
The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is
5 3×10–11 m What are the radii of the n = 2 and n =3 orbits |
9 | 2593-2596 | 7
The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is
5 3×10–11 m What are the radii of the n = 2 and n =3 orbits 12 |
9 | 2594-2597 | 3×10–11 m What are the radii of the n = 2 and n =3 orbits 12 8
A 12 |
9 | 2595-2598 | What are the radii of the n = 2 and n =3 orbits 12 8
A 12 5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous hydrogen at
room temperature |
9 | 2596-2599 | 12 8
A 12 5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous hydrogen at
room temperature What series of wavelengths will be emitted |
9 | 2597-2600 | 8
A 12 5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous hydrogen at
room temperature What series of wavelengths will be emitted 12 |
9 | 2598-2601 | 5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous hydrogen at
room temperature What series of wavelengths will be emitted 12 9
In accordance with the Bohr’s model, find the quantum number
that characterises the earth’s revolution around the sun in an orbit
of radius 1 |
9 | 2599-2602 | What series of wavelengths will be emitted 12 9
In accordance with the Bohr’s model, find the quantum number
that characterises the earth’s revolution around the sun in an orbit
of radius 1 5 × 1011 m with orbital speed 3 × 104 m/s |
9 | 2600-2603 | 12 9
In accordance with the Bohr’s model, find the quantum number
that characterises the earth’s revolution around the sun in an orbit
of radius 1 5 × 1011 m with orbital speed 3 × 104 m/s (Mass of earth
= 6 |
9 | 2601-2604 | 9
In accordance with the Bohr’s model, find the quantum number
that characterises the earth’s revolution around the sun in an orbit
of radius 1 5 × 1011 m with orbital speed 3 × 104 m/s (Mass of earth
= 6 0 × 1024 kg |
9 | 2602-2605 | 5 × 1011 m with orbital speed 3 × 104 m/s (Mass of earth
= 6 0 × 1024 kg )
Rationalised 2023-24
Physics
306
13 |
9 | 2603-2606 | (Mass of earth
= 6 0 × 1024 kg )
Rationalised 2023-24
Physics
306
13 1 INTRODUCTION
In the previous chapter, we have learnt that in every atom, the positive
charge and mass are densely concentrated at the centre of the atom
forming its nucleus |
9 | 2604-2607 | 0 × 1024 kg )
Rationalised 2023-24
Physics
306
13 1 INTRODUCTION
In the previous chapter, we have learnt that in every atom, the positive
charge and mass are densely concentrated at the centre of the atom
forming its nucleus The overall dimensions of a nucleus are much smaller
than those of an atom |
9 | 2605-2608 | )
Rationalised 2023-24
Physics
306
13 1 INTRODUCTION
In the previous chapter, we have learnt that in every atom, the positive
charge and mass are densely concentrated at the centre of the atom
forming its nucleus The overall dimensions of a nucleus are much smaller
than those of an atom Experiments on scattering of a-particles
demonstrated that the radius of a nucleus was smaller than the radius
of an atom by a factor of about 104 |
9 | 2606-2609 | 1 INTRODUCTION
In the previous chapter, we have learnt that in every atom, the positive
charge and mass are densely concentrated at the centre of the atom
forming its nucleus The overall dimensions of a nucleus are much smaller
than those of an atom Experiments on scattering of a-particles
demonstrated that the radius of a nucleus was smaller than the radius
of an atom by a factor of about 104 This means the volume of a nucleus
is about 10–12 times the volume of the atom |
9 | 2607-2610 | The overall dimensions of a nucleus are much smaller
than those of an atom Experiments on scattering of a-particles
demonstrated that the radius of a nucleus was smaller than the radius
of an atom by a factor of about 104 This means the volume of a nucleus
is about 10–12 times the volume of the atom In other words, an atom is
almost empty |
9 | 2608-2611 | Experiments on scattering of a-particles
demonstrated that the radius of a nucleus was smaller than the radius
of an atom by a factor of about 104 This means the volume of a nucleus
is about 10–12 times the volume of the atom In other words, an atom is
almost empty If an atom is enlarged to the size of a classroom, the nucleus
would be of the size of pinhead |
9 | 2609-2612 | This means the volume of a nucleus
is about 10–12 times the volume of the atom In other words, an atom is
almost empty If an atom is enlarged to the size of a classroom, the nucleus
would be of the size of pinhead Nevertheless, the nucleus contains most
(more than 99 |
9 | 2610-2613 | In other words, an atom is
almost empty If an atom is enlarged to the size of a classroom, the nucleus
would be of the size of pinhead Nevertheless, the nucleus contains most
(more than 99 9%) of the mass of an atom |
9 | 2611-2614 | If an atom is enlarged to the size of a classroom, the nucleus
would be of the size of pinhead Nevertheless, the nucleus contains most
(more than 99 9%) of the mass of an atom Does the nucleus have a structure, just as the atom does |
9 | 2612-2615 | Nevertheless, the nucleus contains most
(more than 99 9%) of the mass of an atom Does the nucleus have a structure, just as the atom does If so, what
are the constituents of the nucleus |
9 | 2613-2616 | 9%) of the mass of an atom Does the nucleus have a structure, just as the atom does If so, what
are the constituents of the nucleus How are these held together |
9 | 2614-2617 | Does the nucleus have a structure, just as the atom does If so, what
are the constituents of the nucleus How are these held together In this
chapter, we shall look for answers to such questions |
9 | 2615-2618 | If so, what
are the constituents of the nucleus How are these held together In this
chapter, we shall look for answers to such questions We shall discuss
various properties of nuclei such as their size, mass and stability, and
also associated nuclear phenomena such as radioactivity, fission and fusion |
9 | 2616-2619 | How are these held together In this
chapter, we shall look for answers to such questions We shall discuss
various properties of nuclei such as their size, mass and stability, and
also associated nuclear phenomena such as radioactivity, fission and fusion 13 |
9 | 2617-2620 | In this
chapter, we shall look for answers to such questions We shall discuss
various properties of nuclei such as their size, mass and stability, and
also associated nuclear phenomena such as radioactivity, fission and fusion 13 2 ATOMIC MASSES AND COMPOSITION OF NUCLEUS
The mass of an atom is very small, compared to a kilogram; for example,
the mass of a carbon atom, 12C, is 1 |
9 | 2618-2621 | We shall discuss
various properties of nuclei such as their size, mass and stability, and
also associated nuclear phenomena such as radioactivity, fission and fusion 13 2 ATOMIC MASSES AND COMPOSITION OF NUCLEUS
The mass of an atom is very small, compared to a kilogram; for example,
the mass of a carbon atom, 12C, is 1 992647 × 10–26 kg |
9 | 2619-2622 | 13 2 ATOMIC MASSES AND COMPOSITION OF NUCLEUS
The mass of an atom is very small, compared to a kilogram; for example,
the mass of a carbon atom, 12C, is 1 992647 × 10–26 kg Kilogram is not
a very convenient unit to measure such small quantities |
9 | 2620-2623 | 2 ATOMIC MASSES AND COMPOSITION OF NUCLEUS
The mass of an atom is very small, compared to a kilogram; for example,
the mass of a carbon atom, 12C, is 1 992647 × 10–26 kg Kilogram is not
a very convenient unit to measure such small quantities Therefore, a
Chapter Thirteen
NUCLEI
Rationalised 2023-24
307
Nuclei
different mass unit is used for expressing atomic masses |
9 | 2621-2624 | 992647 × 10–26 kg Kilogram is not
a very convenient unit to measure such small quantities Therefore, a
Chapter Thirteen
NUCLEI
Rationalised 2023-24
307
Nuclei
different mass unit is used for expressing atomic masses This unit is the
atomic mass unit (u), defined as 1/12th of the mass of the carbon (12C)
atom |
9 | 2622-2625 | Kilogram is not
a very convenient unit to measure such small quantities Therefore, a
Chapter Thirteen
NUCLEI
Rationalised 2023-24
307
Nuclei
different mass unit is used for expressing atomic masses This unit is the
atomic mass unit (u), defined as 1/12th of the mass of the carbon (12C)
atom According to this definition
mass of one 12
C atom
1u =
12
26
1 |
9 | 2623-2626 | Therefore, a
Chapter Thirteen
NUCLEI
Rationalised 2023-24
307
Nuclei
different mass unit is used for expressing atomic masses This unit is the
atomic mass unit (u), defined as 1/12th of the mass of the carbon (12C)
atom According to this definition
mass of one 12
C atom
1u =
12
26
1 992647
10
kg
12
−
×
=
27
1 |
9 | 2624-2627 | This unit is the
atomic mass unit (u), defined as 1/12th of the mass of the carbon (12C)
atom According to this definition
mass of one 12
C atom
1u =
12
26
1 992647
10
kg
12
−
×
=
27
1 660539
10
kg
−
=
×
(13 |
9 | 2625-2628 | According to this definition
mass of one 12
C atom
1u =
12
26
1 992647
10
kg
12
−
×
=
27
1 660539
10
kg
−
=
×
(13 1)
The atomic masses of various elements expressed in atomic mass
unit (u) are close to being integral multiples of the mass of a hydrogen
atom |
9 | 2626-2629 | 992647
10
kg
12
−
×
=
27
1 660539
10
kg
−
=
×
(13 1)
The atomic masses of various elements expressed in atomic mass
unit (u) are close to being integral multiples of the mass of a hydrogen
atom There are, however, many striking exceptions to this rule |
9 | 2627-2630 | 660539
10
kg
−
=
×
(13 1)
The atomic masses of various elements expressed in atomic mass
unit (u) are close to being integral multiples of the mass of a hydrogen
atom There are, however, many striking exceptions to this rule For
example, the atomic mass of chlorine atom is 35 |
9 | 2628-2631 | 1)
The atomic masses of various elements expressed in atomic mass
unit (u) are close to being integral multiples of the mass of a hydrogen
atom There are, however, many striking exceptions to this rule For
example, the atomic mass of chlorine atom is 35 46 u |
9 | 2629-2632 | There are, however, many striking exceptions to this rule For
example, the atomic mass of chlorine atom is 35 46 u Accurate measurement of atomic masses is carried out with a mass
spectrometer, The measurement of atomic masses reveals the existence
of different types of atoms of the same element, which exhibit the same
chemical properties, but differ in mass |
9 | 2630-2633 | For
example, the atomic mass of chlorine atom is 35 46 u Accurate measurement of atomic masses is carried out with a mass
spectrometer, The measurement of atomic masses reveals the existence
of different types of atoms of the same element, which exhibit the same
chemical properties, but differ in mass Such atomic species of the same
element differing in mass are called isotopes |
9 | 2631-2634 | 46 u Accurate measurement of atomic masses is carried out with a mass
spectrometer, The measurement of atomic masses reveals the existence
of different types of atoms of the same element, which exhibit the same
chemical properties, but differ in mass Such atomic species of the same
element differing in mass are called isotopes (In Greek, isotope means
the same place, i |
9 | 2632-2635 | Accurate measurement of atomic masses is carried out with a mass
spectrometer, The measurement of atomic masses reveals the existence
of different types of atoms of the same element, which exhibit the same
chemical properties, but differ in mass Such atomic species of the same
element differing in mass are called isotopes (In Greek, isotope means
the same place, i e |
9 | 2633-2636 | Such atomic species of the same
element differing in mass are called isotopes (In Greek, isotope means
the same place, i e they occur in the same place in the periodic table of
elements |
9 | 2634-2637 | (In Greek, isotope means
the same place, i e they occur in the same place in the periodic table of
elements ) It was found that practically every element consists of a mixture
of several isotopes |
9 | 2635-2638 | e they occur in the same place in the periodic table of
elements ) It was found that practically every element consists of a mixture
of several isotopes The relative abundance of different isotopes differs
from element to element |
9 | 2636-2639 | they occur in the same place in the periodic table of
elements ) It was found that practically every element consists of a mixture
of several isotopes The relative abundance of different isotopes differs
from element to element Chlorine, for example, has two isotopes having
masses 34 |
9 | 2637-2640 | ) It was found that practically every element consists of a mixture
of several isotopes The relative abundance of different isotopes differs
from element to element Chlorine, for example, has two isotopes having
masses 34 98 u and 36 |
9 | 2638-2641 | The relative abundance of different isotopes differs
from element to element Chlorine, for example, has two isotopes having
masses 34 98 u and 36 98 u, which are nearly integral multiples of the
mass of a hydrogen atom |
Subsets and Splits