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787 A.2d 1021 (2001) COMMONWEALTH of Pennsylvania, Appellee, v. Robert Earl SWARTZ, Appellant. Superior Court of Pennsylvania. Argued September 5, 2001. Filed December 4, 2001. *1022 Michael R. Hadley, Oil City, for appellant. James P. Carbone, Assistant District Attorney, Franklin, for Com., appellee. Before DEL SOLE, President Judge, McEWEN, President Judge Emeritus, JOHNSON, FORD ELLIOTT, EAKIN, JOYCE, STEVENS, MUSMANNO and ORIE MELVIN, JJ. DEL SOLE, President Judge. ¶ 1 This is an appeal from the judgment of sentence of two to twenty-four months, less one day, of incarceration imposed upon Appellant after he was convicted, at a non-jury trial, of driving under the influence *1023 of alcohol.[1] A divided panel of this Court filed a memorandum opinion on March 27, 2001, ruling that the suppression court erred in upholding the legality of the stop and in refusing to suppress the resulting evidence. On April 10, 2001, the Commonwealth filed an application for reargument en banc. This Court granted the Commonwealth's application on June 8, 2001, and withdrew the panel memorandum opinion. Upon en banc review we have examined Appellant's challenge to the denial of his motion to suppress physical evidence. We conclude that his claim has merit and we vacate Appellant's judgment of sentence and remand for further proceedings. ¶ 2 An appellate court reviewing the ruling of a suppression court must first ascertain whether the record supports the suppression court's factual findings and then determine the reasonableness of the inferences and legal conclusions drawn from such findings. Commonwealth v. Gommer, 445 Pa.Super. 571, 665 A.2d 1269, 1270 (1995). "When it is a defendant who has appealed, we must consider only the evidence of the prosecution and so much of the evidence for the defense as, fairly read in the context of the record as a whole, remains uncontradicted." Commonwealth v. Queen, 536 Pa. 315, 639 A.2d 443, 445 (1994) (citation omitted). "With respect to factual findings, we are mindful that it is the sole province of the suppression court to weigh the credibility of the witnesses. Further, the suppression court judge is entitled to believe all, part or none of the evidence presented. However, where the factual determinations made by the suppression court are not supported by the evidence, we may reject those findings. Only factual findings which are supported by the record are binding upon this [C]ourt." Commonwealth v. Benton, 440 Pa.Super. 441, 655 A.2d 1030, 1032 (1995) (citations omitted). Moreover, we are bound by those findings that are supported by the record and may only reverse if the legal conclusions drawn therefrom are in error. Gommer, 665 A.2d at 1270. ¶ 3 With regard to the suppression motion, the Commonwealth presented the testimony of Trooper Craig Amos of the Pennsylvania State Police. Although not labeled as such, the trial court made the following factual findings based upon his testimony: On May 16, 1998, Trooper Amos of the Pennsylvania State Police received a dispatch at 4:24 p.m. The dispatch indicated that a citizen called the State Police to inform them that a blue Ford Escort, with a registration plate BLJ-6698, was being driven in Seneca by an intoxicated individual heading towards Franklin. Trooper Amos did not know the name of the individual who called the Barracks [sic]. Trooper Amos headed towards Franklin in his vehicle and did not find [the blue Ford Escort]. At approximately 5:48 p.m., Trooper Amos spotted the Blue [sic] Ford Escort at the intersection of State Routes 57 and 62, a direction completely opposite from Franklin. Trooper Amos stopped the vehicle solely on the information he received from the 4:24 p.m. dispatch. Trooper Amos did not observe any violations of the Vehicle Code prior to pulling the vehicle over. Trial Court Opinion, 1/29/99, at 1. The record supports the suppression court's factual findings.[2] Given these findings, the *1024 suppression court concluded that "the information received on the dispatch gave Trooper Amos reasonable suspicion to warrant the vehicle stop at bar." Id. at 2. We cannot agree. ¶ 4 As this Court has summarized: It is well established "when the police stop a vehicle in this Commonwealth for investigatory purposes, the vehicle, and its occupants are considered `seized' and this seizure is subject to constitutional constraints." Commonwealth v. Knotts, 444 Pa.Super. 60, 64, 663 A.2d 216, 218 (1995). An investigatory stop of an automobile is justified only when it is based upon objective facts creating a reasonable suspicion the vehicle's occupants are presently involved in criminal activity. Commonwealth v. Valenzuela, 408 Pa.Super. 399, 408, 597 A.2d 93, 98 (1991). To meet this standard, the officer must point to specific articulable facts which, together with the rational inferences therefrom, reasonably warrant the intrusion. Commonwealth v. Williams, 419 Pa.Super. 380, 385, 615 A.2d 416, 419 (1992), alloc. denied, 533 Pa. 651, 624 A.2d 110 (1993). To have reasonable suspicion, police officers need not personally observe the illegal or suspicious conduct, but may rely upon the information of third parties, including "tips" from citizens. Commonwealth v. Wright, 448 Pa.Super. 621, 630, 672 A.2d 826, 830 (1996). Naturally, "if a tip has a relatively low degree of reliability, more information will be required to establish the requisite quantum of suspicion than would be required if the tip were more reliable." Commonwealth v. Ogborne, 410 Pa.Super. 164, 169, 599 A.2d 656, 659 (1991), alloc. denied, 530 Pa. 631, 606 A.2d 901 (1992) (quoting Alabama v. White, 496 U.S. 325, 330, 110 S.Ct. 2412, 110 L.Ed.2d 301 (1990)). Thus, in Commonwealth v. Wilson, 424 Pa.Super. 110, 622 A.2d 293 (1993), alloc. denied, 536 Pa. 623, 637 A.2d 283 (1993), we examined the requirements surrounding reasonable suspicion for automobile stops emanating from information provided by a tipster and explained: Reasonable suspicion, like probable cause, is dependent upon both the content of information possessed by police and its degree of reliability. Both factorsquantity and quality are considered in the "totality of the circumstancesthe whole picture," that must be taken into account when evaluating whether there is reasonable suspicion. Thus, if a tip has a relatively low degree of reliability, more information will be required to establish the requisite quantum of suspicion than would be required if the tip were reliable. Id., at 115, 622 A.2d at 295-96 (citations omitted). When the underlying source of the officer's information is an anonymous call, the tip should be treated with particular suspicion. See Commonwealth v. Jackson, 548 Pa. 484, 490, 698 A.2d 571, 573 (1997) (referring to anonymous tip as basis for Terry stop and frisk). However, a tip from an informer known to the police may carry enough indicia of reliability for the police to conduct an investigatory stop, even though the same tip from an anonymous informant would likely not have done so. See id. (citing Alabama v. White, supra). Indeed, "a known informant places himself at risk of prosecution for filing a false *1025 claim if the tip is untrue, whereas an unknown informant faces no such risk." Id. Commonwealth v. Lohr, 715 A.2d 459, 461-462 (Pa.Super.1998) (footnote omitted). ¶ 5 The Commonwealth contends that because the tip in this case was received by a police dispatcher from a known citizen informant based upon that person's personal observation, it alone carried enough indicia of reliability for the police to make an investigative stop of the motor vehicle. The Commonwealth argues the trooper's receipt of this information from the dispatcher, which described the vehicle with sufficient specificity, coupled with the nature of the offense, driving under the influence, created reasonable suspicion warranting the investigatory stop. ¶ 6 Appellant submits that the information provided to the trooper was insufficient to justify an investigatory stop because the trooper was not given the identity of the individual tipster and thus was unable to judge his credibility or reliability. Appellant notes that the trooper made no observations to corroborate the informant's allegations before stopping the vehicle. In support of his position, Appellant also points to the fact that the informant did not provide a description or name of the driver and that Appellant's vehicle was not stopped until one hour and twenty-four minutes after the informant's call. ¶ 7 Upon review of this record we conclude the absence of certain information coupled with the duration of time which passed between the informant's call and the trooper's stop did not enable the trooper to possess reasonable suspicion that this vehicle was being operated by someone under the influence. As noted by Appellant, the informant described the vehicle, not the driver, and the direction the vehicle was traveling. The trooper patrolled in the identified direction, but did not see the described vehicle. Over an hour and twenty minutes later the trooper observed and stopped a blue Ford Escort traveling at a location completely opposite from the direction given in the police dispatch. Under these circumstances although the car may have been the one observed by the informant, it was not reasonable for the trooper to presume that it was being operated by the same individual who was reported to be under the influence. A significant amount of time had passed, making the report stale, and the fact that the vehicle was traveling in the opposite direction from that reported, made the rational inference that the driver was the one described as intoxicated even less likely. Thus, irrespective of the informant's status as a "known" or "unknown" source to the trooper, given the length of time which passed between the information provided by the informant and the stop, the fact the vehicle was traveling in the opposite direction from that described and the absence of any information from which the trooper could identify the driver, the trooper lacked reasonable suspicion to justify a stop. ¶ 8 These particular facts distinguish this case from Commonwealth v. Korenkiewicz, 743 A.2d 958 (Pa.Super.1999) (en banc), appeal denied, 563 Pa. 659, 759 A.2d 383 (2000), on which the Commonwealth relies. In Korenkiewicz, the night manager of a gas station, after observing suspicious movements of a dark-colored convertible at the station, called 911 relaying to a dispatcher that he "`had a person in the parking lot that was either ill or intoxicated....'" Id. at 960. The night manager again called 911 after the defendant backed his vehicle up once or twice and looked at him in a threatening manner. While the night manager was on the phone this second time, the defendant moved his car toward the exit of the gas station. *1026 ¶ 9 A police officer on patrol in the area was dispatched to the gas station for a suspicious vehicle and person complaint. While en route, the police officer received additional information that the operator of the vehicle may be intoxicated and was preparing to leave the station. The police officer testified that, as he approached the gas station, he saw a vehicle matching the description broadcast over the police radio and saw that it was about to pull out of the gas station. The officer pulled behind the vehicle and activated his overhead lights. Upon approaching the vehicle, the police officer noticed that the driver exhibited signs of intoxication to such a degree that he was incapable of safe driving. He therefore placed the driver under arrest. This court found the totality of the circumstances justified the stop of the appellant's vehicle to investigate his condition. ¶ 10 In Korenkiewicz the police arrived on the scene and observed the described vehicle before it even exited the parking lot. Similarly in Commonwealth v. Lohr, 715 A.2d 459 (Pa.Super.1998), and Commonwealth v. Janiak, 368 Pa.Super. 626, 534 A.2d 833 (1987), the police were provided with a tip relayed by radio report and moments later were able to locate the vehicle. In Lohr the citizen caller reported that she observed a red and white Ford Bronco being driven erratically into the parking lot of a supermarket. The caller remained on the line with the dispatcher while the officer proceeded to the scene where he observed the appellant operating a red and white Bronco as it began to back out of the parking space. In Janiak, the police were informed by two radio communications that a person was driving while under the influence and within minutes the officers saw a vehicle driving on the exact roadway and coming from the exact direction as that reported. In both cases this court ruled that under the circumstances the police officers acted with reasonable suspicion in effectuating the stop. ¶ 11 In this case, the trooper admitted at the suppression hearing that he stopped Appellant's vehicle without first corroborating the report of drunk driving via any personal observation.[3] This fact, taken together with the lapse in time from his receipt of the report and the absence of any description of the driver, leads us to conclude that insufficient evidence of record was offered to support the traffic stop. Thus, the suppression court erred in upholding the legality of the stop in this case and refusing to suppress the evidence derived therefrom. ¶ 12 Judgment of sentence vacated. The matter is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. Jurisdiction relinquished. ¶ 13 JOYCE, J. files a Concurring Opinion ¶ 14 ORIE MELVIN, J. concurs in the result of the Majority and also joins the Concurring Opinion by JOYCE, J. ¶ 15 STEVENS, J. joins the Majority and the Concurring Opinion by JOYCE, J. JOYCE, J., concurring. ¶ 1 I agree with the majority that given the duration of time which passed between the informant's call and the vehicle stop; the fact that the informant described the vehicle and not the driver; and the fact that the vehicle was travelling in a direction completely opposite of the direction indicated by the informant, the trooper did not have reasonable suspicion to stop Appellant's vehicle. However, I write separately to note my disagreement with the suggestion that the informant's credibility *1027 or reliability was lessened by the fact that the trooper who stopped Appellant's vehicle did not know the identity of the informant and was unable to judge the informant's reliability and credibility. As our Court noted in Commonwealth v. Cullen, 340 Pa.Super. 233, 489 A.2d 929, 937 (1985), the investigating officer need not have personal knowledge of the facts that support probable cause for an investigative stop. The officer may reasonably rely upon radio transmissions so long as the officer issuing the information has received reasonably trustworthy information sufficient to warrant a man of reasonable caution in believing that the suspect has committed or is committing an offense. Id. ¶ 2 Furthermore, Pennsylvania law permits a vehicle stop based upon a radio bulletin if evidence is offered at the suppression hearing to establish reasonable suspicion. See Commonwealth v. Janiak, 368 Pa.Super. 626, 534 A.2d 833 (1987) (allowing police to make stop of individual suspected of intoxication based upon radio information, although police had not personally observed unusual or criminal conduct). Also, the mere fact that the police received their information over the police radio does not, of itself, establish or negate the existence of reasonable suspicion. Commonwealth v. Korenkiewicz, 743 A.2d 958, 964 (Pa.Super.1999) (en banc) citing Commonwealth v. Jackson, 548 Pa. 484, 698 A.2d 571 (1997). ¶ 3 In the case at bar, it is immaterial whether the trooper knew specific information about the informant's reliability. Police officers routinely rely on, and act on the basis of information received from dispatchers. On their part, dispatchers try to distinguish legitimate reports from hoaxes; they try to distinguish unreliable informants from reliable ones before they send out information to the troopers on the streets. Therefore, as long as the dispatcher has determined the identity and reliability of an informant, it is unnecessary for the trooper on the street to be informed of the identity of the informant making the report. The trooper need not be aware of the credibility or reliability of the informant. The job of a police officer involves acting in emergency situations and in a time-sensitive manner. Police officers on the street cannot effectively perform their duties if they are required to personally verify the identity and reliability of each informant whose report they must investigate. ¶ 4 Accordingly, I concur with the result reached by the majority while maintaining that the informant's reliability was not diminished by the fact that the trooper did not know the identity or reliability of the informant. NOTES [1] 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3731. Appellant was also found guilty of the summary offense of driving without a seatbelt. 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 4581(a)(2). He was found not guilty of the summary offense of careless driving. 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3714. [2] Although not stated in the above factual findings, Trooper Amos testified that he confirmed that the registration plate of the blue Ford Escort was the same as that given in the original police dispatch. Trooper Amos also testified that he later learned that the caller was a known police informant. [3] Although before stopping Appellant's vehicle, Trooper Amos apparently confirmed the vehicle's registration plate as the same as that given in the original police dispatch, the confirmation of this fact in no way provided additional support for the unjustified stop. | Mid | [
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The present invention relates to aqueous agents for treating wood and wooden materials. Wood and wooden materials are widely popular construction materials. Due to their chemical composition and their structure, however, they possess certain naturally inherent disadvantages. For example, they are constantly exposed to the danger of attack by fungi, bacteria and insects. Additionally, large variations in their moisture content can occur having a negative effect on dimensional stability and, in the worst case, leading to fissures. Finally, their high flammability causes considerable problems from the safety technology point of view. To more or less eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, it has been customary for quite some time to treat wood and wooden materials with a great variety of agents by any of a large number of methods before or after the wood has been worked on machines. Nowadays, it is even necessary in many fields of use for such treatments to meet regulating standards. In this connection, it is desirable to satisfy such requirements by simple, economical and environmentally harmless measures and to achieve an effect lasting for a maximally long period of time to avoid expensive aftertreatment processes. Particularly in the case of wood and wooden materials which are exposed to outside weathering and/or high moisture conditions, these objectives could not be completely realized heretofore. The preferred, current methods for treating wood for preservation may be represented as follows: (1) The introduction of wood preservatives, resistant to washing out and diffusion, from an aqueous solution. A good, durable impregnation of the marginal zones is normally achieved by this method, especially in a dipping process. However, the inner zones of thicker pieces of material are not successfully impregnated. Additionally, this method is incapable of preventing the occurrence of cracks caused by great moisture fluctuations; in part, unprotected zones are formed, since all active agents are fixed in the marginal zone. Attempts have been made to overcome this deficiency by simultaneously using, in certain cases, in addition to the fixable preservatives, water-soluble active agents which are not fixable and thus remain capable of diffusion. However, this protection is also not permanent when cracks occur, since the unfixed active agents are then washed out by the effects of the weather. If longer lasting protection is desired, an additional surface treatment by application of an organic coating is required. PA1 (2) The introduction of wood preservatives, which are water-insoluble or sparingly soluble in water, from organic solvents. The capability of these active agents to diffuse in wood having a sufficiently low moisture content is satisfactory; however, this method is likewise incapable of preventing cracks. Additionally, several of these often highly toxic preservatives have a marked vapor pressure. For these reasons, an additional treatment with an organic coating agent is also recommended here. Furthermore, a quite substantial disadvantage of this method is the use of organic, flammable and, in part, physically harmful solvents. PA1 (1) a double bond content corresponding to an iodine number of at least 200 g iodine/100 g, of which a double bond content of at least 100, also measured as the iodine number (g iodine/100 g) is due to cis-1,4-structural elements of the 1,3-butadiene polymer; PA1 (2) an amino group content of at least 50 mg-atoms of nitrogen/100 g of binder; and PA1 (3) a substrate polymer, for the amino-group-carrying 1,3-butadiene polymer having at least 70 molar percent butadiene units and a number average molecular weight of 500-6,000. PA1 (a) an adduct of 18-25% by weight of maleic anhydride and 82-75% by weight of a polybutadiene having a molecular weight (Mn) of 800-2,000, an iodine number of .gtoreq.350 (g iodine/100 g) and a cis-1,4-content of .gtoreq.70% of the double bonds present, with PA1 (b) a 1,3-diaminopropane of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently are each alkyl of up to 4 carbon atoms or together represent --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --or --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -, i.e., are components of a ring. PA1 (a) epoxidized polybutadiene with an epoxy content, determined according to DIN [German Industrial Standard]16 945, of 5-8% by weight of oxygen, prepared from a polybutadiene having a molecular weight (Mn) of 1,000-2,500, an iodine number of .gtoreq.350 g iodine/100 g, and a cis-1,4-content of .gtoreq.70% of the double bonds present, with PA1 (b) one or more amines of the formulae (2) ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently are each alkyl of up to 4 carbon atoms or hydroxyalkyl of 2-4 carbon atoms, or in Formula (3) together represent --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --or --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, i.e., are components of a ring. Especially suitable is the use or concomitant use of 1,3-diaminopropanes of Formula (1). The amino group content in the final product is to be at least 120 mg-atoms of nitrogen/100 g of binder. The above mentioned post treatment of the impregnated components with an organic coating normally takes place in a separate operating step. However, efforts have already been made to obviate this additional treatment step by the use of binder-containing wood preservatives. In these agents, synthetic resin dispersions were preferably used as the binders for the ingredients applied from aqueous solution, and alkyd resins and related systems were preferred for those applied from organic solvents. One disadvantage in both cases is the low penetrating power of the organic binders. Additionally, for the binder-containing wood preservative systems, based on organic solvents, the binder content must be kept at a very low value; otherwise, the penetration of the preservative active agents is impeded. This makes it necessary to repeat the treatment until sufficient film thicknesses have been achieved. As a result, this mode of operation does not offer any economical advantages over a subsequent coating step. Moreover, the penetrating power of aqueous synthetic resin dispersions is even lower than that of the organic solvent-containing systems. Accordingly, the wood preservation effect attainable in all cases is moderate at best. Consequently, the active ingredients added to aqueous impregnating agents serve more for preserving the coating agent prior to impregnation than for protecting the substrate to be treated. There is almost no regulation of moisture absorption and emission by the treated wood. The known water-dilutable alkyd resin emulsions alkyd-resin-containing synthetic resin dispersions and water-dilutable alkyd resins are also subject to essentially the same disadvantageous features discussed for the water-dilutable glazings based on synthetic resin dispersions. Prior to treating coniferous woods with the latter agents, priming with an officially admitted, wood-preserving primer is recommended or even required. | Low | [
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Michael Seibel is currently the CEO of Y Combinator and was previously the co-founder and CEO Justin.tv and Socialcam. Socialcam sold to Autodesk in 2012 and under the leadership of Emmett Shear, Justin.tv became Twitch.tv and sold to Amazon in 2014. Before getting into startups, he spent a year as the finance director for a US Senate campaign and in 2005, Michael graduated from Yale University with a BA in political science. | High | [
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Q: L298 Motor Driver spinning motor only one way :/ i just made a motor driver circuit on a veroboard to use with my arduino but the problem is l298 spinning motor only one way. here is the code it was supposed to spin motor forth and backwards every 2 seconds right? int mot1ana=5; int mot1a=6; int mot1b=7; void setup() { pinMode(mot1ana,OUTPUT); pinMode(mot1a,OUTPUT); pinMode(mot1b,OUTPUT); } void loop() { analogWrite(mot1ana,200); digitalWrite(mot1a,HIGH); digitalWrite(mot1b,LOW); delay(2000); analogWrite(mot1ana,200); digitalWrite(mot1a,LOW); digitalWrite(mot1b,HIGH); delay(2000); } A: It looks like you have chosen to use arduino pin numbers that are very similar to the necessary pin numbers on the L298. Nothing wrong with that, you can use whichever arduino pins are convenient. But it seems like it would be an easy mistake (with the given code) just to wire pin N from the arduino to pin N of the L298 under such circumstances. With the L298, you want the analog PWM going into pin 6, and your arduino is producing that at pin 5. So you'd want 5 from the arduino going to 6 on the L298, and 6 on the arduino going to 5 on the L298. Arduino pin 7 would still go to L298 pin 7. OR if want to go with the 5-5, 6-6, 7-7 wiring, you could fix it in software, just by changing int mot1ana=5; int mot1a=6; int mot1b=7; to int mot1ana=6; int mot1a=5; int mot1b=7; | Mid | [
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Oquirrhs ski resort proposed Ski-industry watchers like prospect of a first-ever resort on west side Share This Article This is an archived article that was published on sltrib.com in 2007, and information in the article may be outdated. It is provided only for personal research purposes and may not be reprinted. Step aside, Alta and Snowbird. A west-side ski resort is coming. In the rolling canyons southwest of Magna, Kennecott plans to tap the greatest snow on Earth to create the Oquirrh Mountains' first ski resort. While thecopper company and land developer has set no timetable for the project, officials say the snow conditions and slopes are promising for Deer Valley-like terrain just seven miles west of Highway 111 in a region known as Soldier Flats. It's not a matter of if, says Jim Schulte, Kennecott's vice president of long-range planning, but when. "It's certainly skiable terrain," Schulte said, "and a lot of it." Salt Lake County leaders stood at the site of the proposed resort Tuesday - during a tour of Kennecott's wider west-bench development plans - and gazed up at north-facing peaks streaked with crimson leaves and fresh patches of snow. From a base elevation of 6,200 feet, the Oquirrh resort would rise to 9,350 feet. By comparison, Snowbird soars from 7,760 feet to 11,000 feet, and Park City goes from 6,900 feet to 10,000 feet. One crest at Kennecott's planned resort overlooks the "Little Valley" flats, where the company plans to build more than 10,000 homes as a secluded mountain community above Magna. The resort is part of Kennecott's grander vision for the west bench. South Jordan's Daybreak was just the beginning. The company plans to develop 41,000 acres of hillside neighborhoods and businesses. That's enough to cover the valley's east side from 1100 North to 14600 South, stretching from 900 East to the east bench. What excites ski-industry watchers is the prospect of a first-ever resort on the Salt Lake Valley's sprawling west side. "They could easily do it," said Nathan Rafferty, president and chief executive officer of Ski Utah, a marketing association representing Utah's ski and snowboard industry. "I don't know that it's the kind of resort that would compete with the Snowbirds, Altas and Deer Valleys of the world, but it would be something that would benefit Salt Lake." Rafferty said the resort, by attracting west-siders, probably would complement, rather than compete, with the rugged and revered Wasatch ski areas. But Kennecott officials hope for a bigger hurrah and its location should help - at least with tourists. "It's the closest ski resort to an international airport in the world," Schulte said, noting that it would rise just 18 miles from Salt Lake City International Airport. Kennecott continues to study snow depths at the proposed Oquirrh Mountain resort, which probably would include two ski areas in Soldier Flats - one visible from Little Valley, the other secluded to the south. While Schulte wouldn't go into details about the snow depths, he said the early measurements appear "pretty attractive." Salt Lake County Councilwoman Jenny Wilson joined her colleagues Tuesday for lunch in the rocky basin below the proposed resort. She marveled at the terrain. Reader comments on sltrib.com are the opinions of the writer, not The Salt Lake Tribune. We will delete comments containing obscenities, personal attacks and inappropriate or offensive remarks. Flagrant or repeat violators will be banned. If you see an objectionable comment, please alert us by clicking the arrow on the upper right side of the comment and selecting "Flag comment as inappropriate". If you've recently registered with Disqus or aren't seeing your comments immediately, you may need to verify your email address. To do so, visit disqus.com/account. See more about comments here. | Low | [
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Q: where in clause in entity famework I have a requirment to write a query with "where in" clause. I am using entity framework 4. My sql query is: select ITEMNMBR, locncode, qtyonhnd, atyalloc from dbo.iv00102 where ITEMNMBR IN ( SELECT cmptitnm from dbo.bm00111 where itemnmbr == bomItem) AND LOCNCODE = 'MEMPHIS' Need a query somthing like this: public static Func<DBEntities, string, IQueryable<IV00102>> compiledMemphisQuery = CompiledQuery.Compile((DBEntities ctx, string bomNumber) => from items in ctx.IV00102 where items.ITEMNMBR in ( from orders in ctx.bm00111 where orders.itemnmbr == bomItem select orders.cmpitnm) and items.locncode == "Memphis" select items); A: Use the Contains extension method of the query. It should work: public static Func<DBEntities, string, IQueryable<IV00102>> compiledMemphisQuery = CompiledQuery.Compile((DBEntities ctx, string bomNumber) => from items in ctx.IV00102 where ( from orders in ctx.bm00111 where orders.itemnmbr == bomItem select orders.cmpitnm) and items.locncode == "Memphis" select items).Contains(items.ITEMNMBR); | Mid | [
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刺馬 – The Blood Brothers (1973) Chang Wen Hsiang (David Chiang) and Huang Chung (Chen Kuan-Tai) are modest warriors who are engaged in banditry. But one day, they meet a tough swordsman whose name is Ma Hsin I (Ti Lung) . They want to take his money, but Ma Hsin is quite talented warrior than they expected, and they give up. But Ma Hsin don’t give them up easily, and he suggests them to be team up to eleminate the local bandits and dominate the hills. So they work together, have lots of victory, and their brothership grow stronger. Also Chang Wen‘s girlfriend Mi Lan(Ching Li) fall in love Ma Hsin. Ma Hsin also have feelings to her but he has much bigger ambitions than an ordinary love affair. He works and takes the imperial examination, then leaves his brothers to get military career for higher positions. Later, they are reunited when Ma Hsin has become a general, and he wins much more victories together. But his excessive greed increase his paranoia; provoked by his minions, he thinks his brothers embarrass him and obstruct his promotions. Also he still have some love affair with Mi Lan, and he don’t want to share her.Therefore, Ma Hsin starts to destroy all obstructions between him and his aims and desires, including brothership. But ex-brother Wen Hsiang will come back for last epic duel to take revenge….. an action-drama full of stars by Chang Cheh. Also note that; This is the only movie that Ti Lung play a villain character in his martial art youth movie age… | Mid | [
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22.25
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Prevalence and risk factors of lens opacities in urban and rural Chinese in Beijing. To determine the prevalence of lens opacities in the elderly Chinese population in an urban and a rural region of Beijing. Population-based cross-sectional study. The study included 4439 subjects of 5324 subjects invited to participate (response rate, 83.4%). The subjects were divided into a rural part (1973 subjects [44.4%]) and an urban part (2466 subjects [55.6%]). The study was limited to participants age 40 and older, and the mean age was 56.2+/-10.6 years (range, 40-101 years). Nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular lens opacities were assessed based on standardized slit-lamp photographs of the lens using a modification of the grading score of the Age-related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). Grading score of the AREDS. Lens data were provided for 4378 subjects (98.6%) of 4439 persons examined, which consisted of 8724 eyes. Prevalence of any cataract surgery was 1.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0-1.7), which was statistically independent of gender (P = 0.51; odds ratio [OR]: 0.86; 95% CI: 1.00-1.34), rural area versus urban region (P = 0.25), and level of education (P = 0.84). Prevalence of any nuclear lens opacity was 82.0% (95% CI: 80.8-83.2); prevalence of any cortical lens opacity was 10.3% (95% CI: 9.4-11.3); and prevalence of any posterior subcapsular opacity was 4.3% (95% CI: 3.7-4.9). If grade 2 of nuclear lens opacity was considered to be normal, prevalence of nuclear cataract was 50.3% (95% CI: 48.8-51.8), and the overall prevalence of any cataract was 53.1% (95% CI: 51.6-54.6), increasing from 6.5% (95% CI: 5.2-7.8) in those subjects 40 to 49 years of age to 52.3% (95% CI: 47.4-55.3) in those who were 50 to 59 years of age, and to 97.8% (95% CI: 96.4-99.2) in those 70 years and older (P<0.001). Frequencies of any cortical cataract and any subcapsular posterior cataract were 10.3% (95% CI: 9.4-11.3) and 4.3% (95% CI: 3.7-4.9), respectively. Cataracts are common among adult Chinese residents in Beijing, with age as the most important associated factor. In view of the relatively low rate of cataract surgery performed so far, one may expect a marked increase in the number of cataract surgeries to meet the visual needs of the growing elderly population in China. | High | [
0.6605922551252841,
36.25,
18.625
] |
114 F.2d 304 (1940) MASSACHUSETTS PROTECTIVE ASS'N, Inc., v. UNITED STATES. No. 3416. Circuit Court of Appeals, First Circuit. August 6, 1940. *305 *306 F. H. Nash, of Boston, Mass., and Erwin N. Griswold, of Cambridge, Mass., for appellant. Edward H. Horton, Sp. Asst. to the Atty. Gen. (Samuel O. Clark, Jr., Asst. Atty. Gen., Sewall Key and Norman D. Keller, Sp. Assts. to the Atty. Gen., and Edmund J. Brandon, U. S. Atty., and C. Keefe Hurley, Asst. U. S. Atty., both of Boston, Mass., on the brief), for appellee. Before MAGRUDER and MAHONEY, Circuit Judges, and PETERS, District Judge. MAHONEY, Circuit Judge. This is an appeal from a judgment of the District Court in favor of the government in a suit brought under the Tucker Act, 24 Stat. 505 (1887), 28 U.S.C.A. § 41 (20), by the Massachusetts Protective Association, Inc., a Massachusetts stock insurance corporation, to recover federal income taxes assessed for the years 1926 and 1928 and collected by a collector who is now out of office. The case was tried upon a stipulation and a supplemental stipulation of facts, and upon oral testimony taken in open court. The facts as found by the District Court from this evidence may be summarized as follows: The plaintiff is a stock corporation organized under the laws of Massachusetts. During the calendar year 1926, the plaintiff was engaged, as it had been for many years previously, in writing accident and health insurance in Massachusetts, New York and in a number of other states, and was taxable for 1926 as an insurance company, other than life or mutual, under the provisions of Section 246 of the Revenue Act of 1926[1], 44 Stat. 48, 26 U.S.C.A.Internal Revenue Acts, page 195. *307 Since 1919 the plaintiff has been issuing an accident and health policy which is non-cancellable by the company and which the insured can keep in force until reaching the age of seventy simply by paying the premiums fixed in the policy. The premium on this type of policy from the date of issuance until the insured reaches the age of fifty is in a constant and fixed amount which cannot be increased by the company. The premium increases at fifty, the amount of such increase being fixed in the policy, and thereafter remains constant and fixed. The plaintiff includes with its annual income tax return an annual statement in the form approved by the National Convention of Insurance Commissioners setting forth its income and disbursements, assets and liabilities, and other pertinent information. By Section 246(b)(1) of the Revenue Act of 1926, this statement is made the basis for the computation of statutory gross income. With its income tax return for 1926 the plaintiff submitted a copy of the statement for that year. On this blank, on page 5, line 25, the plaintiff reports its pro rata unearned premiums, i. e., the part of the net premiums received on all its policies proportioned to the unexpired term of the period for which the premiums were received. Of the last quarterly premiums paid on December 1, 1926, there was here reported 66 2/3 per cent of the whole which was paid for protection to be rendered in January and February of 1927, plus any premiums paid in advance. On the same page on line 25½, the plaintiff reports its "Additional Reserve on Non-Cancellable Health and Accident Policies", as of the last day of the taxable year. This reserve is set up as a liability of the company and is held to meet the additional hazards on non-cancellable health and accident policies due to the fact that the premiums must remain constant while the risk and cost inevitably increase. Before 1922, the plaintiff had on its books no additional reserve on non-cancellable health and accident policies similar to that shown on line 25½ of its annual statement for later years. In March, 1923, the New York Superintendent of Insurance required such a reserve to be set up; and pending a determination of the proper size of such reserve as shown by its own experience, the plaintiff set up an arbitrary reserve of $75,000 as of December, 1922. This was increased each year thereafter because of the growth of sales of this type of contract until in December, 1925, on the basis of the 1921 computed experience, the reserve set up was $750,000. This was reported on line 25½ of the annual statement and was approved by the state insurance commissioner. In 1926, a further increase of $491,098.68 was made to the reserve of $750,000, and the total of $1,241,098.68 was reported on line 25½. In arriving at its net income for 1926, the plaintiff was required to compute its earned premiums according to Section 246(b)(5) of the Revenue Act of 1926. In so doing the plaintiff added to its gross premiums written during the year (minus return premiums and premiums paid for reinsurance) its "unearned premiums" as of December 31, 1925, including in this amount both the pro rata unearned premiums, shown on line 25 of the 1925 statement, and the sum of $750,000, the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident insurance, shown on line 25½ of the 1925 statement, and it deducted from the amount so obtained the pro rata unearned premiums, shown on line 25 of the 1926 statement, and the sum of $1,241,098.68, the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident insurance, shown on line 25½ of the 1926 statement. In other words, as one of the items of net "unearned premiums" which the plaintiff is entitled to deduct from gross premiums written, the plaintiff deducted $491,098.68 which equalled the net addition to the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident insurance between December, 1925, and December, 1926. In 1930, an actuarial firm employed by the plaintiff completed a study of the plaintiff's experience in the years 1927-1929, and reported what the reserve should be for the coming year on the basis of that experience. It also informed the plaintiff that if the 1927-1929 experience had been known in December, 1925, the proper reserve at that time would have been $900,890 *308 rather than the $750,000 based on the 1921 experience and actually held by the plaintiff. Thereafter, in 1930, the Commissioner assessed against the plaintiff a deficiency in its 1926 income tax. A portion of this deficiency was made up by the Commissioner's determination that in computing the "earned premiums" according to Section 246(b)(5), the plaintiff should have taken as the reserve for December 31, 1925, shown on line 25½ of the statement for that year, the sum of $900,890 rather than the $750,000 actually held by the plaintiff and reported on line 25½, and accepted by the Commissioner in computing the 1925 tax. The result of this action by the Commissioner was to include in the plaintiff's "premiums earned" in 1926, the difference between $900,890 and $750,000, i. e., $150,890. This difference resulted in an additional tax, plus interest, of $23,428.29. The plaintiff duly filed a claim for refund which was rejected, and this suit was brought to recover the $23,428.29 with interest thereon. The District Court also found as a fact that in all of the plaintiff's tax returns, the Commissioner has allowed as an exclusion from gross income through the nine years between 1922 and 1930, the net increase in the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident insurance except this amount of $150,890. Since 1930, the 1927-1929 experience has been used to figure the reserves set up, and the net increase in the aggregate reserves has been accepted each year by the Commissioner as an exclusion from gross income. The refund for 1928 is claimed for the purely technical reason that a small portion of the $23,428.29 here sought to be recovered was not paid in cash but was a credit for an alleged 1928 overpayment which was applied by the Commissioner to the alleged 1926 deficiency. Since the defendant raised no question, either in the trial court or in this court, of the propriety of including this sum in the present suit, other than the general claim that it was not allowable as a deduction from gross income, we do not consider it necessary to pursue the matter further than to say that we consider it to be properly before us. See United States v. Bertelsen & Petersen Co., 1939, 306 U.S. 276, 59 S.Ct. 541, 83 L.Ed. 647. At the close of all the evidence, both the plaintiff and defendant moved for judgment in their favor, and the plaintiff requested the court to make certain findings of fact and conclusions of law. The judge denied the plaintiff's motion, and filed an opinion containing findings of fact and conclusions of law, giving judgment for the defendant. To the denial of its motion for judgment and the refusal to make the requested findings and conclusions, the plaintiff excepted. Later the plaintiff moved to vacate the judgment and reopen the trial on the ground that the judge had erred in not allowing it to see his opinion and take exception to the denial of its motions and requests for findings before judgment was entered. The judge denied the motion and held that the exceptions previously taken safeguarded the plaintiff's rights on appeal. This court has held that the opinion in a case brought under the Tucker Act, supra, is a part of the record, and exceptions taken to findings of fact and conclusions of law there made and to the judgment entered are duly taken during the course of the trial. United States v. Hyams, 1 Cir., 1906, 146 F. 15; United States v. Swift, 1 Cir., 1905, 139 F. 225. The first bill of exceptions was properly taken and is validly before this court. The District Court properly denied the motion to vacate the judgment and reopen the trial. The real question involved in the present controversy is whether the plaintiff in computing its "premiums earned" for the year 1926, under Section 246(b)(5) of the Revenue Act of 1926, was entitled to exclude therefrom the net addition made during that year to the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies required by state laws. In other words, is this addition to the reserve fund a part of "unearned premiums" within the meaning of the above section? The plaintiff contends that the words "unearned premiums" mean not only the pro rata portion of the premiums collected for the period which has yet to run, shown on line 25 of the annual statement, but, in addition, includes the annual additions to the reserve, set up on line 25½, to take care of the increased risk or additional cost of insurance in the later years of the insured's life. Where the policy is a level premium non-cancellable policy, the plaintiff claims that some of the premiums collected in the early years are unearned and must be set up in this reserve to provide *309 funds for paying the policy obligations in the later years when the cost of the insurance is greater than the level premium collected in those years. Since the plaintiff claims that the portion of the premiums so set aside is in fact unearned, it insists that it is deductible from gross premiums according to the method provided in Section 246(b)(5). On the other hand, the defendant asserts that the words "unearned premiums" are strictly limited to that portion of the premiums covering the unexpired term of the period for which they are paid, i. e., the pro rata unearned premiums, shown on line 25 of the annual statement. The main argument on which the government rested its case is that the net addition to the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies is no longer deductible from gross premiums in order to arrive at gross income, and that such net addition represents "earned premiums". The District Court gave judgment for the defendant on the ground that the net addition to the reserve was "earned premiums" within the meaning of Section 246(b)(5) and that Congress did not intend to allow this addition as a deduction. The District Judge in his opinion stated that he could not find from the evidence that the total premium collected from the insured in any one period, even in the later years in which he is entitled to have his policy, is inadequate to take care of the risk or cost of insurance during that period; that when a quarterly premium was accepted, it was accepted for payment for insurance for three months only; that the company guaranteed nothing but that the policy would be kept in force for the next three months; and that the fact that the plaintiff was required to take some part of its earned or unearned premiums to set up a solvency reserve is of no importance as far as Section 246(b)(5) is concerned. He held that only the pro rata unearned premium, shown on line 25, was deductible. We cannot agree with this disposition of the case. The plaintiff's motion for judgment on all the evidence, in a case tried without a jury, is the equivalent of a motion for a directed verdict and raises a question of law whether the findings support the judgment and whether the findings are supported by evidence. Maryland Casualty Co. v. Jones, 1929, 279 U.S. 792, 49 S.Ct. 484, 73 L.Ed. 960; Griffin v. Thompson, 5 Cir., 1925, 10 F.2d 127; Bank of Waterproof v. Fidelity & Deposit Co., 5 Cir., 1924, 299 F. 478; cf. Federal Intermediate Credit Bank v. L'Herisson, 8 Cir., 1929, 33 F.2d 841. Though ordinarily the findings of fact in a trial without a jury are conclusive, where the proper motions are made and exceptions taken at the trial, and when, as here, the record contains all the testimony on which the findings are based, the appellate court can see if the findings are supported by evidence and, if not, can disregard them and reverse the judgment. Collier v. United States, 1899, 173 U.S. 79, 19 S.Ct. 330, 43 L.Ed. 621; United States v. Clark, 1877, 96 U.S. 37, 24 L.Ed. 696; Conners v. United States, 1 Cir., 1905, 141 F. 16; cf. Kirk v. United States, 1896, 163 U.S. 49, 56, 16 S.Ct. 911, 41 L.Ed. 66. The cases cited by the defendant contain nothing to the contrary since they involve cases where the proper motions were not made at the trial to raise the question of lack of evidence. In a non-cancellable health and accident policy the premium remains level throughout the life of the policy (except perhaps for a readjustment, included in the policy, at a certain age, after which the premium is again level until the expiration of the policy) even though the risk insured against increases with the age of the insured and even though the claim costs in the later years of the policy are, therefore, correspondingly greater than those of the earlier years. It follows, therefore, that in each of the earlier years of a non-cancellable policy the net annual premium collected exceeds the cost of the insurance for those years, while in each of the later years, the cost exceeds the net annual premium. Therefore, the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies is set up and used to supplement the net annual premiums of such policies in the later years to the extent that the prospective cost in those years exceeds the net annual premiums. Equitable Life Assurance Society v. Commissioner, 1935, 33 B.T.A. 708. Jonathan Sharp, a witness for the plaintiff, in explaining the workings of this reserve, testified as follows: "The simplest way to consider the reserve shown on line 25½ is to consider a simple non-cancellable contract, the cost of insurance for the first year being $1, the second $2, the third $3 and the fourth *310 $4, or a total of $10. You have an increasing cost of insurance on the average. If those premiums are paid $1 the first year, $2 the second, $3 the third and $4 the fourth, there would be no additional reserve required, but if the premiums are paid $2.50 the first year, $2.50 the second year, $2.50 the third, and $2.50 the fourth, then $1.50 has to be set aside as an additional premium in advance or unearned in the first year, and 50 cents in the second, and they are used in the third and fourth years to make up the difference." Here it is seen that if the policy is a non-cancellable level premium policy, the annual premium contains, on a given date, two "unearned" portions, e. g., the portion of actual cost for the period for which the premium is paid proportioned to the part of the period which has not yet expired, and that portion of the premium, over and above the actual cost of insurance for the period for which the premium is paid, which represents the amount which must be set aside in order to meet the excess of claims in later years over the level premium then collected. In the above example, suppose the $2.50 level premium is paid on July 1, 1925. On December 31, 1925, fifty cents of the one dollar which the insurance for a year actually costs is unearned, since only one-half the protection has yet been given. This is the pro rata unearned premium reserve which is shown on line 25 of the annual statement. However, there is another sum which is also "unearned", i. e., the $1.50 which was collected as part of the premium but which is in excess of the actual cost of the insurance and must be put into the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident insurance to pay the excess cost above the premium collected in the third and fourth years of the illustration. This is shown on line 25½ of the annual statement. In the case at bar, the pro rata unearned premium reserve merely represented the amount of the premiums collected which had not been earned because the period for which protection had been bought had not yet entirely elapsed. The additional reserve represented the extra amount included in the premium, made necessary by the fundamental principles of non-cancellable (or guaranteed renewable) insurance, to make up what experience had shown to be the excess of the cost of the insurance in later years over the level premium collected in those years. The entire premium of a non-cancellable health and accident insurance policy could not be wholly earned at the end of the period for which it was paid and be used by the plaintiff in any way it pleased, for by the very nature of the insurance a portion of the premium represents payment now for future coverage at a time when the premium is not sufficient to pay the cost of the insurance. The reason that this reserve must be set up is that the plaintiff has guaranteed not to increase the premium as the cost of the insurance increases, and to renew the policy automatically on the payment of each succeeding level premium. Without this guarantee the policy would have been a simple non-renewable accident and health policy, on which there would have been no need for an additional reserve since the premium could have been raised at the end of each period to correspond with the risk and cost of the insurance for the coming period, and thus would have been wholly earned at the expiration of the period. The difference is exactly that which exists between a one year term policy of life insurance and a renewable term policy with level premium. See Huebner, Life Insurance (1923) 8 et seq. The statements in the conclusions of law suggest that, as a matter of fact, the total premium collected in any period is never inadequate to pay the cost of the insurance for that year, that the plaintiff guaranteed nothing more than to keep the policy alive for the next three months, and that the pro rata unearned premiums were in fact the only portion of the premiums unearned. We do not believe these statements can be harmonized with the uncontradicted evidence and the nature of non-cancellable health and accident insurance. See Craig, The Actuarial Basis for Premiums and Reserves in Personal Accident and Health Insurance, (1931) 17 Proceedings of the Casualty Actuarial Society, 51, 66-67; Laird, Non-Cancellable Accident and Health Insurance Underwriting Problems, (1921) 7 id. 302, 316-318; Maverick, "Rates and Reserves for Non-Cancellable Health and Accident Policies" (1921) 3. In so far as the conclusions of law hold that the additional reserve for non-cancellable policies is not, as a matter of law, to be included in the phrase "unearned premiums" in Section 246(b) (5) of the Revenue Act of 1926, they are in our opinion erroneous. Unless the contrary appears, statutory words are presumed to be used in their *311 ordinary and natural meaning. Helvering v. San Joaquin Co., 1936, 297 U.S. 496, 56 S.Ct. 569, 80 L.Ed. 824; De Ganay v. Lederer, 1919, 250 U.S. 376, 39 S.Ct. 524, 63 L.Ed. 1042. And where the applicable section deals with a particular trade or business, as insurance, the technical insurance terms must be considered to be used in the sense in which such terms are generally used or understood in the insurance business. Travelers Equitable Insurance Co. v. Commissioner, 1931, 22 B.T.A. 784; see G.C.M. 2318, VI-2 C.B. 80, 81 (1927); Hearings before the Senate Finance Committee, on H.R. 8245, 67th Cong., 1st Sess. (1921) 394. The uncontradicted oral testimony in this case shows that in the insurance business the term "unearned premiums" includes more than the pro rata portion, shown on line 25, and specifically includes the reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies, shown on line 25½. Before Congress passed the Revenue Act of 1921, 42 Stat. 227, insurance authorities had publicly recognized that this reserve was a part of unearned premiums. See, e. g., Laird, Maverick, supra. It thus appears that at the time when the statute was first enacted it was well understood that this particular reserve was included in the technical term "unearned premiums" used by Congress. That the term was so understood appears even more clearly from an examination of the blank of the National Convention of Insurance Commissioners, which is made the test of gross income by Section 246(b) (1) of the Revenue Act of 1921, supra, and the corresponding section of each successive act. At the time the Revenue Act of 1921 was adopted, the blank contained only line 25 for the entry of unearned premiums. In 1922, line 25½ was added to provide a space for segregating the reserve which was only necessary for non-cancellable health and accident policies. See Proceedings of the National Convention of Insurance Commissioners (1922) 41, 50. The ordinary cancellable policies had no unearned premium except the pro rata reserve and needed no line 25½ reserve. It is significant that the new line was numbered 25½, indicating that it was a subdivision of line 25, and that it was denominated an "additional reserve". To make it even clearer that in finding "premiums earned" the pro rata reserve of line 25 and the additional reserve of line 25½ should be deducted, explicit instructions to that effect were put on page 8 of the blank dealing with the computation of "premiums earned". See Proceedings of the National Convention of Insurance Commissioners (1924) 175, 190. The fact that there was no specific line showing this particular item separately at the time the Revenue Act of 1921 was enacted does not mean that Congress did not intend to include this reserve in the term "unearned premiums" as then understood. Home Title Insurance Co. v. United States, 2 Cir., 1931, 50 F.2d 107, 111. When the Revenue Act of 1926 re-enacted Section 246(b) (1) providing that "gross income" should be computed on the basis of the statement of the National Convention of Insurance Commissioners, the blank, as shown above, expressly provided for the deduction of the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident insurance in arriving at "earned premiums". Congress, in re-enacting this section, must have been referring to this current statement including the deduction of this reserve. The close analogy of non-cancellable health and accident insurance, where the risk increases and the premium remains constant, to renewable term level premium life insurance has already been noted. In Travelers Equitable Insurance Co. v. Commissioner, supra, a life insurance company was taxed under Section 246 of the Revenue Acts of 1921 and 1924 (identical with the same section of the 1926 Act) as an insurance company, other than life or mutual, as it did not come within the definition of a life insurance company set out in Section 242 so as to be taxed as such under Sections 242-245. The Board of Tax Appeals held that its life insurance reserves, built up from the excess of the early level premiums over the cost of the insurance to compensate for the later excess of cost over premium, precisely as the non-cancellable health and accident reserves are calculated, were "unearned premiums" within the meaning of Section 246(b) (5) and should be added to the pro rata unearned premium reserve for ordinary cancellable casualty policies. The question presented was analogous to the question here, and the Commissioner announced his formal acquiescence in the decision. X-2 C.B. 71 (1931). We agree with the conclusion of the Board that the holding "is in no way inconsistent with the wording or the purpose of that section [§ 246] and is economically sound". The decision and reasoning are directly applicable here. *312 The defendant, however, contends that the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies is not to be added to unearned premiums in computing gross income, because Congress in the Revenue Act of 1926 made no provision for the deduction from gross premiums of insurance companies, other than life or mutual, of the net addition to reserve funds required by law, which had been allowed to all insurance companies prior to the Revenue Act of 1921. Close examination of the provisions of the Revenue Act of 1921 relating to insurance (which were re-enacted in the Revenue Acts of 1924 and 1926), and of their legislative history, discloses that no departure was made from the previous system of taxing only the "earned premiums" of insurance companies. This had previously been accomplished by including all premiums in gross income and allowing the unearned portion represented by the net addition to reserve funds to be deducted. The new statute simply continued the same system, as far as insurance companies other than life or mutual were concerned, by defining underwriting income as "premiums earned" and providing for the computation of those premiums in Section 246(b) (5) by subtracting from gross premiums the "unearned premiums" which were still represented by the same reserves. Utah Home Fire Insurance Co. v. Commissioner, 10 Cir., 1933, 64 F.2d 763, certiorari denied, 1933, 290 U.S. 679, 54 S.Ct. 103, 78 L.Ed. 586. Section 246(b) (5) in no way prevents the deduction of the net addition to reserve funds required by law if the addition represents unearned premiums. Furthermore, any contention of the defendant that Section 246(b) (5) prevents the deduction of the net addition to reserve funds required by law proves too much. The pro rata unearned premium reserve is the original basic reserve fund required by law for all types of insurance. Maryland Casualty Co. v. United States, 1920, 251 U.S. 342, 348, 40 S.Ct. 155, 64 L.Ed. 297; cf. Central National Fire Insurance Co. v. Commissioner, 1931, 22 B.T.A. 1054. The defendant's argument would prevent this reserve from being deducted, yet the pro rata premium reserve is unquestionably deductible from gross premiums to find premiums earned. Finally, the defendant proposes that the additional reserve on non-cancellable health and accident policies cannot be unearned premiums because if a policy is cancelled by an insured he receives no surrender value and the plaintiff keeps the excess reserve accumulated. Whether a premium is considered earned or unearned depends upon the nature of the risk and policy involved. American Title Co. v. Commissioner, 1933, 29 B.T.A. 479, affirmed 3 Cir., 1935, 76 F.2d 332. Fire and ordinary casualty insurance premiums become fully earned as soon as the period for which the premium was paid has expired, for the risk expires at the same time; but a title insurance premium is fully earned the moment it is paid although the risk continues indefinitely. American Title Co. v. Commissioner, supra. And marine insurance premiums are often not considered earned until the entire risk has expired. See Mass.Gen.Laws (Ter.Ed. 1932) c. 175, § 10; Huebner, Property Insurance (1927) 355. The surrender value of a life insurance policy is never the full value of the insurance reserve but is diminished by a surrender charge, and the payment on cancellation of a fire insurance policy is not the total of the pro rata unearned premium but that amount minus the customary monthly short rate. See Mass.Gen.Laws (Ter.Ed.1932) c. 175, §§ 99, 144. Thus, the "unearned premium" cannot be tested by what the company must return on cancellation. Congress is only interested in determining what part of a company's gross income should be treated as net income for the purposes of taxation. McCoach v. Insurance Co. of North America, 1917, 244 U. S. 585, 37 S.Ct. 709, 61 L.Ed. 1333. In general, premium income is not such, and its inclusion in gross income is only justified by the deductions allowed. See Hearings before the Committee on Ways and Means on the Revenue Act of 1918, 65th Cong., 2nd Sess., Pt. 1 (1918) 811. The additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies, whether returnable to the insured or not, is not available for the use of the general purposes of the plaintiff. It is held as a liability to provide for the payment or reinsurance of specific contingent insurance liabilities proven by experience to be a part of the cost of this particular type of insurance in the future years. When an insured cancels his policy, or when the plaintiff reinsures its risks or pays a claim, the sums represented by the reserve on the cancelled policy or the *313 claims, or the total reserve in the case of reinsurance, no longer remain in the reserve but become a part of "gross income" within the meaning of the statute. Cf. Central National Fire Insurance Co. v. Commissioner, supra; Union Underwriters of New York et al., 1926, 4 B.T.A. 472. And the time that portions of premiums which have been set aside in true insurance reserves can be included in gross income is "only where it is clearly shown that subsequent business conditions have released the amount of them to the free beneficial use of the company in a real, and not in a mere bookkeeping sense". Maryland Casualty Co. v. United States, supra, 251 U.S. at page 353, 40 S.Ct. at page 159, 64 L.Ed. 297. As long as these reserve funds must be held to provide for expected insurance liabilities in the future on these non-cancellable health and accident policies and are not to be used for the general purposes of the company, they are not "earned premiums" within the meaning of Congress and not includible in gross income. The test is not whether the part of the premium set aside in the reserve for non-cancellable health and accident insurance "belongs" to the company in the event of cancellation or lapsing of the policy, but whether that amount is such a part of the company's gross income as Congress considered should be treated as net income for the purposes of taxation. McCoach v. Insurance Co. of North America, supra. We hold that it is not. The practically unbroken administrative practice of allowing the inclusion of this reserve as unearned premiums in Section 246(b) (5), both in the case of the plaintiff and as generally conceded by the defendant in its answer to the motion to reverse and remand, plus the re-enactment of the relevant portions of the statute eight times, and the Commissioner's acquiescence in the analogous case of Travelers Equitable Insurance Co. v. Commissioner, supra, should settle the case unquestionably. See Haggar Co. v. Helvering, 1940, 308 U.S. 389, 60 S.Ct. 337, 84 L.Ed. 340; Helvering v. Wilshire Oil Co., 1939, 308 U.S. 90, 100, 60 S.Ct. 18, 84 L.Ed. 101; Alaska Steamship Co. v. United States, 1933, 290 U.S. 256, 262, 54 S.Ct. 159, 78 L.Ed. 302; Edward's Lessee v. Darby, 1827, 12 Wheat. 206, 210, 6 L.Ed. 603. The plaintiff is clearly entitled to include the additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies, shown on line 25½ of its annual statement, in "unearned premiums" in computing its "earned premiums" in accordance with Section 246(b) (5) of the Revenue Act of 1926. The only question which remains is whether the Commissioner was correct in assessing a deficiency on the ground that the plaintiff should have used as the amount for the additional reserve at the end of 1925 the $900,890 which the experience of 1927-1929 indicated would have been the proper amount of the reserve at that time if the subsequent experience had been known, rather than the $750,000 which was the actual amount allocated to the reserve on the basis of the 1921 experience, the only experience then known. We think the Commissioner was wrong. It is stipulated that the Commissioner used the figure of $750,000 in computing the plaintiff's tax for 1925. The effect of substituting, in 1930, the sum of $900,890 in place of $750,000 as the reserve held on December 31, 1925, in computing the 1926 tax is to include in "premiums earned" for 1926 the difference between those two amounts, or $150,890, representing an additional tax plus interest of $23,428.29. This $150,890 was a part of the actual addition made to the reserve funds between December 31, 1925, and December 31, 1926, based on the experience of 1921. The reserves of 1925 and 1926 were both accepted as proper by the Commissioner and the various state insurance departments. That the fund as of December 31, 1925, should have amounted to $900,890 was not known and could not have been known until 1930. Any amount held in the reserve between 1925 and 1930, as shown above, is not "earned premiums" within the meaning of the statute but is "unearned premiums". This $150,890 was so held in the reserve, and is, therefore, "unearned premiums". The Commissioner had no right to include it in the plaintiff's gross income. The additional reserve for non-cancellable health and accident policies is properly includible within the term "unearned premiums" as used in Section 246(b) (5) of the Revenue Act of 1926. The plaintiff in 1926 used the proper figure for said additional reserve as of December 31, 1925, in computing the "unearned premiums" in accordance with Section 246(b) (5). Therefore, the deficiency of $23,428.29 assessed by the Commissioner because he included *314 the $150,890 above referred to in the plaintiff's gross income as "earned premiums" for 1926 was erroneous. The District Court should have granted the plaintiff's motion for judgment. In the view we take of the construction of Section 246(b) (5) of the Revenue Act of 1926, and in the light of the defendant's answer to the motion, it is not necessary to consider the plaintiff's motion to reverse and remand for a new trial to establish the administrative practice, and the motion is accordingly denied. The judgment of the District Court is reversed and the cause remanded to that court, with direction to enter judgment for the plaintiff in the sum of $23,428.29, with interest from July 15, 1931. NOTES [1] "Sec. 246. (a) In lieu of the tax imposed by section 230, there shall be levied, collected, and paid for each taxable year upon the net income of every insurance company (other than a life or mutual insurance company) a tax as follows: "(1) In the case of such a domestic insurance company, 12½ per centum of its net income; * * * * * * "(b) In the case of an insurance company subject to the tax imposed by this section "(1) The term `gross income' means the combined gross amount earned during the taxable year, from investment income and from underwriting income as provided in this subdivision, computed on the basis of the underwriting and investment exhibit of the annual statement approved by the National Convention of Insurance Commissioners; "(2) The term `net income' means the gross income as defined in paragraph (1) of this subdivision less the deductions allowed by section 247; * * * * * * "(4) The term `underwriting income' means the premiums earned on insurance contracts during the taxable year less losses incurred and expenses incurred; "(5) The term `premiums earned on insurance contracts during the taxable year' means an amount computed as follows: "From the amount of gross premiums written on insurance contracts during the taxable year, deduct return premiums and premiums paid for reinsurance. To the result so obtained add unearned premiums on outstanding business at the end of the preceding taxable year and deduct unearned premiums on outstanding business at the end of the taxable year; * * *." | Low | [
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Bengaluru: That politicians in India often go a little overboard with their superstitions is no surprise. Sticking to the tradition, almost all political leaders in Karnataka skipped work on Friday because lunar eclipse is all about “negative vibes”. Karnataka politicians across political lines took the day off fearing the red moon day. Leaders from all parties, including Congress, BJP, JDS and other smaller parties, refused to come out of their houses on this day. Former Prime Minister HD Deve Gowda and his sons Karnataka Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy, Public Works Department Minister HD Revanna visited the Tirupathi Temple and returned to Bengaluru on Friday morning. The troika did not attend any political meet and Revanna and Deve Gowda stayed at the house while Kumaraswamy attended Deputy CM G Parameshwara’s elder brother’s funeral rites in Tumkur. Not just that, special pujas were conducted at Deve Gowda’s residence to ward off the “evil effect”. The Gowda family believes these rituals will protect them from all negative vibes of the lunar eclipse that will start at 10:44 pm in India and end at 4:58 am. On the other hand, former Chief Minister of Karnataka, BS Yeddyurappa shifted to Jindal Hospital a day before the eclipse. Before admitting himself to the hospital, he had given clear instructions to his party members not to indulge in any kind of political activities as he believes it will have adverse effect on the party in the upcoming Lok Sabha elections. The Gowdas and Yeddyurappa are known for their beliefs in Hindu ritual practices, astrology and vaastu. The Karnataka Pradesh Congress Samithi (KPCC) office on Queen’s Road in Bengaluru was shut on Friday and the entire area wore a deserted look. Even the state power house, the Vidhan Soudha had a similar look as not a single MLA could be seen on Friday. The Vidhan Soudha car parking was completely empty, which on weekdays is usually flooded by political leaders, their followers, party workers and officers. Speaking to News18, JDS leader and cabinet minister GT Deve Gowda said that he doesn’t indulge in blind beliefs. “I don’t believe in astrology. I will not sit back at home just because it’s lunar eclipse. If I work on these days, which are considered dangerous in astronomy, I don’t think I will be harmed. It’s up to individual perceptions,” GT Deve Gowda said. Siddaramaiah is known to be a believer of the ‘Basava Tatva’ and had expressed his disapproval of such beliefs. During his tenure as the chief minister, he had openly said that he won’t support blind beliefs and science is all that he has faith in. | Low | [
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The saying that a picture is worth a thousand words is very true when applied to this series of images taken from old Iranian fashion magazines. The images show that before the Cultural Revolution, Iranian women were every bit as fashionable as any that lived in the West, and they enjoyed a remarkable degree of freedom to select their clothing and makeup. Throughout history, Iranian women’s fashion has followed the social mores of the age, as is common in any culture. The tempestuous politics of this Middle Eastern country is shown in the dress and makeup worn by women through the ages. Early in the 1900s, women wore conservative clothing, with the white hijab being very much in favor. Makeup was non-existent, and the mono-brow was considered a beauty statement. The women’s rights movement had not come to the fore; women were subservient to men and had few rights. Women believed that not wearing a veil marked them as poor, rural, or nomadic; they considered it an insult to have the veil removed. By 1910, the women’s rights movement was founded and women began to agitate for self-determination, and this is reflected in the dress of the age. By the start of the 1920s women still wore the hijab but it was now colorful, hair was more exposed with finger waves in view, and eyebrows were being plucked into the more fashionable curve. In the 1930s, Reza Shah came to power and decided that he would “modernize” Iran; one of his decrees was that all veils would be banned immediately. He believed that the veil inhibited women. This should have been a vast step forward, and it would have been if women had agitated for this decree, but it humiliated and angered many Iranian women. Before the 1979 Revolution – Stunning Color Photographs That Show Beautiful Iranian Fashion in the 1970s pic.twitter.com/XpT1RLRPZU — DArA (@bedadam) June 1, 2017 Early in the 1940s Reza Shah had abdicated and the laws against wearing the veil had been removed, but a new phenomenon appeared – veils were now viewed as an indicator of low-class status or a backward outlook, and it was thought to be a significant hindrance to women both socially and in the workplace. The fashionable Iranian woman looked no different from her Western counterpart, with hair in soft curls and makeup worn all over the face. In spite of the view that the veil marked you as backward, many Iranian women wore it with pride. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, a dichotomy appeared in Iranian women’s fashion. The wealthy upper classes reflected Western influence while many middle-class women still favored wearing the veil. Beehive hairstyles and heavy makeup, including eyeliner, were prominent. Women gained many other freedoms in Iran – the first woman appointed to the cabinet was Farrokhroo Parsa in the post of Minister of Education. During the 1970s women were granted rights such as equality in marriage and divorce. Fashion, hair, and makeup reflected the modern woman of the world. All this was to come to an end at the start of the 1980s with the Islamic Cultural Revolution. Women’s rights collapsed, and strict dress laws were reintroduced. Wearing of the plain black hijab was enforced, and Parsa was executed by firing squad. Ten years later, dress laws have relaxed a little. Though the hijab is still being worn, color has returned, and the hair line is again seen. Women’s rights are still in abeyance, but women are hopeful that things will improve. At the end of the first decade of the new millennium, the Green Revolution rose in Iran after the election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. The insurrection was put down, with thousands being arrested; women had been a large part of the driving force behind the revolution. Women were hopeful that the centuries-old social order, based on patriarchy, would disintegrate and allow women more freedom and more right to determine their futures. Related story from us: Victorian fashion: Restrictive, uncomfortable, and a little dangerous By 2010, some progress had been made, and women were again wearing a simple headscarf instead of the restrictive hijab. Discrimination is still rife in areas of marriage (a male guardian must approve the marriage), divorce, and the custody of children. Honor killings and child marriage still occur. When one looks at the photographs from the fashion layout from the 1970s, it is like night and day between what was being worn at the beginning of the 20th century and what was considered stylish in the 1970s. Women and their right to wear what they want have been ruthlessly crushed, and it will be a long time before Iranian women achieve the level of freedom they enjoyed in the 1970s. | Mid | [
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An Annotated Docker Config for Front End Web Development - adg29 https://nystudio107.com/blog/an-annotated-docker-config-for-frontend-web-development ====== dancemethis Practical, annotated examples like this are incredible for people with trouble bridging the abstraction and concrete usage. I'm one such person, still being a junior developer and having my own issues. This is probably the first time I ever see an actual explanation of not only the process, but how pieces connect, and what is going on. It's digestable for people trying to figure things out. Docker would have clicked for me years ago if something like this was available back then. Now, if something akin to that were to ever be written about DevOps instead of the usual flood of buzzwords, it would be groundbreaking for people who weren't "born with the knowledge". It's easy to agree that the cycle inside that usual ∞ is interesting, but nothing is ever said in the lines of "For example, given you have a backend written in A, when you run X and Y it represents this part of the DevOps cycle. When you have Jenkins configured to get branch foo and run M and N, it represents this other part of the cycle". | High | [
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In recent years, in TFT substrates included in liquid crystal display devices, as switching elements of pixels each of which is a minimum unit for forming an image, TFTs using semiconductor layers made of an oxide semiconductor and having satisfactory characteristics such as high mobility, high reliability, and low off currents have been proposed instead of conventional TFTs using semiconductor layers made of amorphous silicon. A general TFT having a bottom gate structure includes, for example, a gate electrode provided on a glass substrate, a gate insulating film provided to cover the gate electrode, a semiconductor layer provided on the gate insulating film and above the gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode provided on the semiconductor layer to be spaced apart from each other. In part of the semiconductor layer which is exposed between the source electrode and the drain electrode, a channel region is formed. The TFT having the bottom gate structure is covered with a protective insulating film, and a pixel electrode formed on the protective insulating film is connected to the drain electrode via a contact hole formed in the protective insulating film. A TFT substrate including the TFT having the bottom gate structure as described above can be fabricated by, for example, repeating a series of steps of sequentially forming an etched film and a photosensitive resin film on the glass substrate, exposing the photosensitive resin film via a photomask and then developing the photosensitive resin film to form a resist pattern, and etching the etched film exposed form the resist pattern. The same applies to the TFT substrates including the TFTs using the oxide semiconductor layers. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method for fabricating a TFT substrate including a TFT having a bottom gate structure using an oxide semiconductor layer by using five photomasks. In this method, by using a first photomask, a gate electrode is formed on a glass substrate, and a gate insulating film is formed o cover the gate electrode. Then, by using a second photomask, the oxide semiconductor layer is formed. Subsequently, by using a third photomask, a source electrode and a drain electrode are formed. Next, a protective insulating film (interlayer insulating film) is formed to cover the source electrode and the drain electrode, and by using a fourth photomask, a contact hole is formed in the protective insulating film. Finally, by using a fifth photomask, a pixel electrode is formed. The TFT substrate can thus be formed. | Mid | [
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Most Popular What is it? Pecans are a native American nut most famously featured at Thanksgiving in pecan pie. They also pair well in desserts featuring apples, chocolate, and other nuts. Pecans have a rich, sweet flavor and a tender, almost crumbly crunch. Their big size and meaty texture also make them the perfect nut for spiced nuts, and their delicious in green salads, tossed with green beans and butter. Kitchen math: Don’t have it? Try subbing walnuts. How to choose: In the fall, you may find in-shell pecans in stores, but mostly you’ll find shelled pecans, which are usually vacuum-packed in cans, jars, or cellophane bags to protect against humidity and oxidation. If you find pecans sold in bulk, make sure they’re fresh, since they can become rancid if they’ve been sitting around in storage for too long. Taste one—if it’s rancid, the nut will have an unpleasant, bitter flavor. A fresh pecan, on the other hand, will be faintly sweet and buttery. Look for plump ones that are uniform in color and size. How to prep: Pecans can be used right out of the shell or container, though they will have an even deeper flavor if toasted oven at 350°F for 8 to 10 minutes. How to store: In-shell pecans can be stored in a cool, dry place for 6 to 12 months. An open package of shelled nuts should be resealed or transferred to an airtight container. They will keep for several weeks in the refrigerator or up to one year in the freezer. While this preserves freshness, refrigerated or frozen nuts can turn flabby in texture. Top bring back their crunch, toast them (even if a recipe doesn’t call for toasting) in the oven at 350°F for 5 to 8 minutes. This decadent raspberry–vanilla zebra cheesecake is a showstopping, sophisticated version of one of America’s favorite desserts, and it’s deceivingly easy to prepare. Both the crisp, nutty crust and smooth, airy… | Low | [
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-- This file should undo anything in `up.sql` CREATE TABLE blogs_no_fqn ( id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, actor_id VARCHAR NOT NULL, title VARCHAR NOT NULL, summary TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '', outbox_url VARCHAR NOT NULL UNIQUE, inbox_url VARCHAR NOT NULL UNIQUE, instance_id INTEGER REFERENCES instances(id) ON DELETE CASCADE NOT NULL, creation_date DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, ap_url text not null default '' UNIQUE, private_key TEXT, public_key TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '', CONSTRAINT blog_unique UNIQUE (actor_id, instance_id) ); INSERT INTO blogs_no_fqn SELECT id, actor_id, title, summary, outbox_url, inbox_url, instance_id, creation_date, ap_url, private_key, public_key FROM blogs; DROP TABLE blogs; ALTER TABLE blogs_no_fqn RENAME TO blogs; CREATE TABLE users_no_fqn ( id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, username VARCHAR NOT NULL, display_name VARCHAR NOT NULL DEFAULT '', outbox_url VARCHAR NOT NULL UNIQUE, inbox_url VARCHAR NOT NULL UNIQUE, is_admin BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 'f', summary TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '', email TEXT, hashed_password TEXT, instance_id INTEGER REFERENCES instances(id) ON DELETE CASCADE NOT NULL, creation_date DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, ap_url TEXT NOT NULL default '' UNIQUE, private_key TEXT, public_key TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '', shared_inbox_url VARCHAR, followers_endpoint VARCHAR NOT NULL DEFAULT '' UNIQUE, avatar_id INTEGER REFERENCES medias(id) ON DELETE SET NULL, last_fetched_date TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, CONSTRAINT blog_authors_unique UNIQUE (username, instance_id) ); INSERT INTO users_no_fqn SELECT id, username, display_name, outbox_url, inbox_url, is_admin, summary, email, hashed_password, instance_id, creation_date, ap_url, private_key, public_key, shared_inbox_url, followers_endpoint, avatar_id, last_fetched_date FROM users; DROP TABLE users; ALTER TABLE users_no_fqn RENAME TO users; | Mid | [
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/** * Copyright © 2002 Instituto Superior Técnico * * This file is part of FenixEdu Academic. * * FenixEdu Academic is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * FenixEdu Academic is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License * along with FenixEdu Academic. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ package org.fenixedu.academic.domain.candidacy; import org.fenixedu.academic.domain.Person; import org.fenixedu.academic.predicate.AccessControl; import org.fenixedu.bennu.core.security.Authenticate; public class CancelledCandidacySituation extends CancelledCandidacySituation_Base { public CancelledCandidacySituation(Candidacy candidacy, Person person) { super(); super.init(candidacy, person); if (getCandidacy() instanceof DFACandidacy) { ((DFACandidacy) getCandidacy()).cancelEvents(); } } public CancelledCandidacySituation(Candidacy candidacy) { this(candidacy, (Authenticate.getUser() != null) ? AccessControl.getPerson() : null); } @Override public CandidacySituationType getCandidacySituationType() { return CandidacySituationType.CANCELLED; } @Override public boolean canExecuteOperationAutomatically() { return false; } @Override public boolean getCanGeneratePass() { return false; } } | Low | [
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#pragma once #include "meshes.h" namespace possumwood { namespace cgal { class PolyhedronWrapper { public: class Face { public: void addVertex(std::size_t v); private: std::vector<std::size_t> m_vertices; friend class PolyhedronWrapper; }; PolyhedronWrapper(const std::string& name); std::size_t addPoint(float x, float y, float z); void addFace(const Face& f); operator Meshes() const; private: std::string m_name; std::vector<possumwood::CGALKernel::Point_3> m_points; std::vector<std::vector<std::size_t>> m_faces; }; } // namespace cgal } // namespace possumwood | Mid | [
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Reparsing block ---------- Element(Perl5: BLOCK) ---------- { around something($var,){ say 'hi' } } ---------- After typing ---------- if($a){ around something($var,'['<caret>){ say 'hi' } } ---------- Psi structure ---------- Perl5 PsiPerlIfCompoundImpl(Perl5: IF_COMPOUND) PsiElement(Perl5: if)('if') PsiPerlConditionalBlockImpl(Perl5: CONDITIONAL_BLOCK) PsiPerlConditionExprImpl(Perl5: CONDITION_EXPR) PsiElement(Perl5: ()('(') PsiPerlScalarVariableImpl(Perl5: SCALAR_VARIABLE) PsiElement(Perl5: $$)('$') PerlVariableNameElementImpl(Perl5: SCALAR_NAME)('a') PsiElement(Perl5: ))(')') PsiPerlBlockImpl(Perl5: BLOCK) PsiElement(Perl5: {)('{') PsiWhiteSpace('\n ') PsiPerlAroundModifierImpl(Perl5: AROUND_MODIFIER) PsiElement(Perl5: fp_around)('around') PsiWhiteSpace(' ') PerlSubNameElementImpl(Perl5: subname)('something') PsiElement(Perl5: ()('(') PsiPerlSignatureContentImpl(Perl5: SIGNATURE_CONTENT) PsiPerlSignatureElementImpl(Perl5: SIGNATURE_ELEMENT) PsiPerlVariableDeclarationElementImpl(VARIABLE_DECLARATION_ELEMENT) PsiPerlScalarVariableImpl(Perl5: SCALAR_VARIABLE) PsiElement(Perl5: $$)('$') PerlVariableNameElementImpl(Perl5: SCALAR_NAME)('var') PsiElement(Perl5: ,)(',') PsiErrorElement:<comma>, <scalar>, <sub signature element ignore>, <type specifier>, <variable declaration element> or Perl5: : expected, got ''' PsiElement(Perl5: QUOTE_SINGLE_OPEN)(''') PerlStringContentElementImpl(Perl5: STRING_CONTENT)('[') PsiElement(Perl5: QUOTE_SINGLE_CLOSE)(''') PsiElement(Perl5: ))(')') PsiPerlBlockImpl(Perl5: BLOCK) PsiElement(Perl5: {)('{') PsiWhiteSpace('\n ') PsiPerlStatementImpl(Perl5: STATEMENT) PsiPerlPrintExprImpl(Perl5: PRINT_EXPR) PsiElement(Perl5: say)('say') PsiWhiteSpace(' ') PsiPerlCallArgumentsImpl(Perl5: CALL_ARGUMENTS) PsiPerlStringSqImpl(Perl5: STRING_SQ) PsiElement(Perl5: QUOTE_SINGLE_OPEN)(''') PerlStringContentElementImpl(Perl5: STRING_CONTENT)('hi') PsiElement(Perl5: QUOTE_SINGLE_CLOSE)(''') PsiWhiteSpace('\n ') PsiElement(Perl5: })('}') PsiWhiteSpace('\n') PsiElement(Perl5: })('}') PsiWhiteSpace('\n') | High | [
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Advertising Read more Paris (AFP) Thousands of French police officers demonstrated in Paris Wednesday for better working conditions, against the backdrop of a spike in suicides in the force and allegations of police brutality that have sapped morale. The demonstration was the biggest by the police in years, reflecting the frustration among officers after a year of battling weekly "yellow vest" protests that have regularly turned violent. Many of the officers, who gathered in plainclothes at Bastille Square for a "march of anger" through eastern Paris, complained of a lack of recognition and support from both the state and the public. "We are the dregs of society," Frederic Govin, an officer from a riot police unit in northern France, told AFP bitterly. Over the past few years the police have held several protests over violent attacks on officers during anti-government protests as well as during operations in high-rise housing estates, where youths periodically clash with the police. A key theme in Wednesday's protest was the sharp rise this year in the number of police taking their own lives. Cyril Benoit, an officer with 20 years of service, told AFP that the weekly yellow vest protests had stretched an already strained force to the limit. In the past two years, one officer in his riot police unit in the central town of Auxerre committed suicide and another attempted to take her own life, he said. So far this year 49 officers have killed themselves, up from a total of 35 in 2018, according to interior ministry figures. Benoit blamed the malaise on "physical and psychological fatigue" as well as increased pressure from senior officers to meet targets. "There's always been a bit of pressure on the police but never like this," he said. - Watching officers cry - Under French law, the police are not allowed strike or demonstrate while on duty. Some officers told AFP they had been given leave by their station chiefs to skip work to attend the protest. "I see colleagues crying," Antoine, a 40-year-old policeman with 15 years of crime-fighting to his name, told AFP. He accused the government of failing to defend officers in the face of recurring allegations of brutality, particularly against yellow vest protesters, dozens of whom have been seriously injured by rubber bullets and stun grenades. "Television keeps replaying videos of (allegedly brutal) police actions but you don't see the paving stone that flew overhead seconds before," Antoine said. The police have also opposed a major overhaul of the pensions system, which could some of their perks scrapped. "There is a deep sense of discontent", David Le Bars, general secretary of the SCPN-Unsa union said, describing an "ailing force." - Hiring pledge - Interior Minister Christophe Castaner has assured that the dangerous conditions faced by the police will be factored into the pension reforms. He has also pointed to the money ploughed into the force under President Emmanuel Macron -- more than a billion euros since the centrist leader took office in 2017, according to the minister. During campaigning for president Macron pledged to hire an extra 10,000 police over the course of his five-year term. In the past few years, the number of protests by the police -- once a rare event -- have increased. In October 2016, hundreds of officers, some in uniform, staged wildcat protests in several cities over several consecutive nights after youths in a Paris suburb tried to set fire to a police car with two officers inside, seriously injuring them. Earlier that year, a police car was also firebombed on the sidelines of a separate police demonstration over anti-police violence. © 2019 AFP | Low | [
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require 'spec_helper' require 'json' require 'yaml' describe 'calico::config' do let(:pre_condition) do " class kubernetes{} define kubernetes::apply( Enum['present', 'absent'] $ensure = 'present', $manifests, ){ if $manifests and $ensure == 'present' { kubernetes::addon_manager_labels($manifests[0]) } } class{'calico': #{cloud_provider} #{mtu} #{backend} #{etcd_cluster} #{etcd_tls} } " end let(:cloud_provider) { '' } let(:mtu) { '' } let(:backend) { '' } let(:etcd_cluster) { '' } let(:etcd_tls) { '' } let(:calico_config) do catalogue.resource('Kubernetes::Apply', 'calico-config').send(:parameters)[:manifests][0] end let (:cni_network_config) do y = YAML.load(calico_config) y['data']['cni_network_config'] end context 'with default parameters' do it 'is valid yaml' do YAML.load(calico_config) end it 'has valid cni_network_config json' do cni = JSON.load(cni_network_config) expect(cni['plugins'].first['mtu']).to eq(1480) end end context 'with mtu 8981' do let(:mtu) do 'mtu => 8981,' end it 'is valid yaml' do YAML.load(calico_config) end it 'has valid cni_network_config json' do cni = JSON.load(cni_network_config) expect(cni['plugins'].first['mtu']).to eq(8981) end end context 'with backend etcd' do let(:backend) do 'backend => \'etcd\',' end context 'with two node etcd cluster' do let(:etcd_cluster) do "etcd_cluster => ['etcd-1', 'etcd-2']," end context 'with TLS' do let(:etcd_tls) do "etcd_key_file => '/my/etcd-secrets/etcd-key.pem', etcd_cert_file => '/my/etcd-secrets/etcd-cert.pem', etcd_ca_file => '/my/etcd-secrets/etcd-ca.pem', " end it 'sets up TLS' do expect(calico_config).to match(%r{"https://etcd-1:2359,https://etcd-2:2359"}) expect(calico_config).to match(%r{etcd_ca: "/my/etcd-secrets/etcd-ca\.pem"}) expect(calico_config).to match(%r{etcd_key: "/my/etcd-secrets/etcd-key\.pem"}) expect(calico_config).to match(%r{etcd_cert: "/my/etcd-secrets/etcd-cert\.pem"}) end end context 'without TLS' do it 'doesn\'t set up TLS' do expect(calico_config).to match(%r{"http://etcd-1:2359,http://etcd-2:2359"}) expect(calico_config).not_to match(%r{"etcd_ca: "}) expect(calico_config).not_to match(%r{"etcd_cert: "}) expect(calico_config).not_to match(%r{"etcd_key: "}) end end end end context 'with backend kubernetes' do let(:backend) do 'backend => \'kubernetes\',' end it 'sets up ipam' do expect(calico_config).to match(%r{"type": "host-local",}) expect(calico_config).to match(%r{"subnet": "usePodCidr"}) end it do is_expected.to compile end end end | Mid | [
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NASA recorded moving clouds on Titan — and it's amazing Saturn's largest moon Titan is a curious place. It's the only world, besides Earth, that has liquid lakes on its surface. Here, NASA shows a time-lapse of clouds moving across Titan. And beneath those clouds, you can spot its lakes. | Mid | [
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Pathogenesis of vaginal candidiasis: studies with a mutant which has reduced ability to adhere in vitro. A spontaneous, cerulenin-resistant mutant of Candida albicans (strain 4918-10) was found to adhere less readily to human vaginal mucosal cells in vitro than a wild type C. albicans (strain 4918). In a murine model of vaginal infection, strain 4918-10 was found to be less virulent than wild type C. albicans, i.e., the infection rate caused by 4918-10 was only 31% of that observed with wild type, 4918. A chitin-soluble extract (CSE) prepared from 4918 blocked attachment of yeast cells to human vaginal epithelial cells, while CSE from 4918-10 did not significantly reduce the attachment of yeasts to vaginal cells. Both 4918 and 4918-10 produced hyphae in vitro and in vivo, were negative for proteinase production and grew equally well at 28 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The data suggest that adherence to vaginal mucosa may be an important determinant in the pathogenesis of vaginal infection caused by C. albicans. | Mid | [
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Q: How to detect that i have received an email/gmail on my Android Device? Is there a way to detect or an event being triggered when i receive a gmail/email on my android device. Basically i would like my application to read the email notification when i receive it. Could you kindly tell me if there is way to do this ? A: You need to register a content observer (not broadcast receiver) contentResolver.registerContentObserver(Uri.parse("content://gmail-ls"), true, gmailObserver); gmailObserver is your own ContentObserver object. ContentObserver.onChange is going to be called every time something changes in Gmail. Here you get all conversations like so: Cursor conversations = _contentResolver.query(Uri.parse("content://gmail-ls/conversations/" + YourEmailAddress), null, null, null, null); And the actual conversation messages will be: Cursor messages = _contentResolver.query(Uri.parse("content://gmail-ls/conversations/" + YourEmailAddress + "/" + String.valueOf(conversationId) + "/messages"), null, null, null, null); | High | [
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One of the subcontinent’s oldest public listed companies, Murree Brewery posted an after-tax profit of Rs812 million or Rs35 per share during the first nine months of fiscal year (FY) 2015, up 35% compared to Rs605 million or Rs26 per share it earned in the corresponding period of the last fiscal year.The Rawalpindi-based liquor maker saw its revenues increase by 20% to Rs4 billion in the period under review compared with Rs3.3 billion it grossed in the corresponding period of FY14.On a quarterly basis, the company reported a net profit of Rs267 million or Rs11.6 per share, up 9% compared to Rs244 million or Rs10.6 per share it earned in the Jan-March quarter of 2014. Its revenues during the quarter clocked in at Rs1.37 billion, up 10% compared to Rs1.25 billion of the same quarter last year.Being an illiquid stock, Murree Brewery is not covered by market analysts. The financial statement, however, indicates that volumetric growth helped drive the company’s profits.The company’s stock, however, showed an upward movement during the trading session – though amid low turnover.Opening at Rs914 per share, the stock reached a high of Rs944 during intra-day trade and finished at Rs902 at close with 3,820 shares changing hands on Friday.The company specialises in the manufacture of beer and Pakistan-made foreign liquor. The Group also has juice extraction and food manufacturing divisions, located at Rawalpindi and Hattar, respectively. Their glass division manufactures all the Group’s bottles and jars.Published in The Express Tribune, April 25, 2015. | Mid | [
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/* * Copyright (C) 2017/2020 e-voyageurs technologies * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package ai.tock.bot.api.model.websocket import ai.tock.bot.api.model.BotResponse import ai.tock.bot.api.model.configuration.ClientConfiguration data class ResponseData( val requestId:String, val botResponse:BotResponse? = null, val botConfiguration: ClientConfiguration? = null ) | Mid | [
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Evidence of soluble microbial products accelerating chloramine decay in nitrifying bulk water samples. The discovery of a microbially derived soluble product that accelerates chloramine decay is described. Nitrifying bacteria are believed to be wholly responsible for rapid chloramine loss in drinking water systems. However, a recent investigation showed that an unidentified soluble agent significantly accelerated chloramine decay. The agent was suspected to be either natural organic matter (NOM) or soluble microbial products (SMPs). A laboratory scale reactor was fed chloraminated reverse osmosis (RO) treated water to eliminate the interference from NOM. Once nitrification had set in, experiments were conducted on the reactor and feed waters to determine the identity of the component. The study showed the presence of SMPs released by microbes in severely nitrified waters. Further experiments proved that the SMPs significantly accelerated chloramine decay, probably through catalytic reaction. Moreover, application of common protein denaturing techniques stopped the reaction implying that the compound responsible was likely to be a protein. This significant finding will pave the way for better control of chloramine in the distribution systems. | High | [
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HUI Bull Seasonals 3 Precious-metals stocks really haven't had a great summer by any means. After rallying initially in June, they started relentlessly drifting lower in July. The net result of this lackluster summer trading is a lethargic drift sideways. Naturally this listlessness has weighed on sentiment among this sector's traders. At the end of May just before the dawn of the financial-market summer, the flagship HUI gold-stock index closed at 454. Since then, it has generally been flat averaging just 458 on close. At best so far this summer, the HUI was up 8.8% in mid-June. At worst, it was down 4.7% in late July. For a sector accustomed to wild volatility and exciting action, 10 weeks of drifting can feel very discouraging. But it shouldn't be. Gold stocks almost always tend to drift sideways to lower in the PM summer doldrums. Such uninspiring behavior is par for the course this time of year. I wrote an essay explaining the research behind the PM summer doldrums that was published the very day the HUI peaked this summer (June 18th). At that time when traders were pretty excited about PM stocks' prospects I concluded… "The bottom line is summer isn't a great time for precious metals. Led by gold, the entire PM complex tends to drift sideways to lower in the summer doldrums in June, July, and August. This listless price action is driven by the combination of no seasonal gold-demand surges and the general lack of investor interest that plagues all markets in the summer months. Sun, sand, and surf simply provide too much competition for traders' attention this time of year." But today a couple months later, the financial-market summer is starting to wane. We're on the verge of emerging out of the wilderness that was the summer of 2010. After forming a relentless headwind retarding gold stocks' progress this summer, the major seasonal influences affecting this sector are shifting back towards a favorable tailwind. The HUI bull seasonals are looking up, a very bullish omen. Yes, believe it or not seasonals do affect gold-stock price levels! This probably sounds counterintuitive initially. Investors and speculators can buy and sell gold stocks anytime regardless of the passing of the calendar year, so why does the time of year matter? The answer is quite logical. It matters because calendar seasons greatly affect gold investment demand, and the gold price is the primary driver of gold stocks' ultimate profits. When it rallies, they rally. And when it falls, they follow. Gold seasonals are extremely important for all PM-stock traders to understand. Read my latest essay discussing them in depth if you are not up to speed. In a nutshell, deeply-ingrained income-cycle and cultural incentives drive big gold demand spikes in the autumn, winter, and spring. But in the summer, there is nothing to drive above-average capital inflows into gold. Thus it tends to grind sideways to lower, and the gold stocks trail in sympathy. These gold-driven seasonal trends are readily apparent in the HUI. Since markets behave quite differently in secular bulls and bears, I like to start my seasonal analysis when today's secular gold-stock bull was born in 2000. To distill out the HUI bull seasonals, I individually index each calendar year's HUI action from the first day of that year. This ensures percentage changes within each year are perfectly comparable across years despite the HUI trading at progressively higher levels as its bull marches on. Finally I average together all these individual-year HUI indexes and chart the results. This process reveals the HUI bull seasonals rendered below, which are very valuable for traders to understand. Regardless of everything else going on in the markets, gold stocks tend to be consistently strong and weak at certain times of the calendar year. These tendencies can be used to help investors and speculators execute superior trades. It's been two-and-a-half years since I last updated this thread of research, with an epic discontinuity defining the period since. During that crazy once-in-a-century stock panic we weathered in late 2008, gold stocks were ripped to shreds in the belly of the beast. Between July and October 2008, the HUI plummeted a jaw-dropping 67.7%! And around half these losses accrued in this span's final month alone! It was not a fun time to own PM stocks. Then between its brutal October 2008 lows and the end of that year, the HUI rebounded 99.5% higher. This index has never witnessed anything remotely like that panic span, so I was really curious about how such wild swings would alter the HUI's seasonals. Surprisingly though, the blue HUI seasonal line in this chart didn't change too much at all. This shows the value in averaging over a decade's worth of years. No one year, even one as crazy as 2008, wields an outsized influence. On average since 2000, the HUI has rallied around 27.6% per year (from an indexed level of 100.0 to 127.6). These are stupendous gains over an ugly decade where the general stock markets have languished in a secular bear. As a matter of fact, on the day the HUI bottomed in November 2000 the flagship S&P 500 stock index closed at 1383. Today a decade later it is 21% lower while the HUI is 1151% higher! Gold stocks have been a spectacularly-lucrative investment since 2000! In this secular bull the HUI has tended to trade in the well-defined seasonal uptrend channel shown in this chart. It hits its seasonal support four times a year, in mid-January, mid-March, late July, and late October. These are the best times of the year seasonally to add new gold-stock and silver-stock positions for investors and speculators alike. Your odds of "buying low" around these support approaches are far better than they are the rest of the year. Out of these major seasonal lows, the HUI's largest seasonal rallies of the year emerge. The first runs from mid-March to early June and has averaged 14.5% over the course of this gold-stock bull. As long as gold stocks aren't radically overbought in March, we diligently play this strong spring gold-stock rally every year. Our subscribers have made lots of money over the years buying PM stocks with us around mid-March and then selling them in late May or early June. After this first big seasonal rally, the PM stocks enter the dreaded summer doldrums. They tend to drift sideways to lower for much of the summer. The summers are, without any doubt, the weakest time of the year for the gold stocks seasonally. Every year in May I warn our subscribers about these dangerous PM summer doldrums. They not only result in real trading losses and even bigger opportunity costs, they can really devastate traders' psychology and confidence. The second big seasonal rally of the year erupts out of exceptionally-oversold HUI lows in late July. It tends to run 15.1% higher on average between late July and late September. Of course right now, in mid-August, we are early on in this HUI seasonal rally. This is very encouraging and ought to excite PM-stock traders bummed out from weathering the summer doldrums. PM stocks almost always rally big heading into autumn, and statistically this seasonal rally is probably already underway. If you follow our research work at Zeal, you are probably scratching your head at this point. I imagine you thinking, "But Adam, you often write about a mid-August seasonal low. Doesn't this late-July HUI seasonals data contradict this?" Yes, it certainly does. But this apparent contradiction highlights the supreme importance of broad and well-rounded research. Indicators must be considered in concert, not isolation, to optimize trade timing. Remember that gold stocks (and silver as well) are ultimately driven by the fortunes of the gold price. If gold is weak, the entire gold complex has a tough time rallying. And gold seasonals bottom in mid-August. Of course silver seasonals dutifully follow gold, bottoming between mid-August and mid-September. And just last week, my business partner Scott Wright published some landmark research on junior seasonals. Junior gold stocks are hyper-sensitive to gold sentiment. And when do they bottom? You guessed it, mid-August! So if you want to buy PM stocks in late July due to these HUI bull seasonals, your odds for success are high. And indeed this year, the HUI's 432 low on July 27th may indeed prove to be summer 2010's closing low. But I've seen plenty of really ugly HUI selloffs into mid-August, like 2007's sharp 13.6% loss over 6 trading days ending August 16th. So personally, I feel more comfortable waiting for the probable mid-August gold lows before adding new long positions. Gold is gold stocks' primary driver. The HUI tends to see another seasonal pullback in October. Provocatively, the wicked-sharp plunge in October 2008's stock panic stretched this seasonal tendency considerably. Prior to that anomaly, the HUI tended to bounce in the middle of its seasonal uptrend in mid-October, not near support as this latest seasonal chart shows. Since that panic was such an exceedingly-rare event, I certainly wouldn't hold out for a seasonal support approach in Octobers in general. But an early-October pullback is still highly probable. The third big seasonal rally launching out of October's low actually lasts until late February of the following year. All together it accounts for a 17.6% average HUI rally over this past decade, which makes it the seasonally-strongest time of the year for gold stocks. So as long as gold's fundamentals remain bullish, and neither gold nor the gold stocks have just rapidly spiked to very-overbought levels, it is prudent to be heavily long gold stocks in the winter. Throw in autumn and spring as well, for the other two big seasonal rallies. So boiled down, these HUI seasonals are really pretty simple. Expect weakness in summer since there is nothing then to drive gold investment-demand spikes. If you are an investor, just gird yourself psychologically for this weakness and don't get caught up in it or worry about it. If you are a speculator, you can sell long positions between late May and early June and then redeploy between late July and mid-August. And then stay long and deployed for the rest of the other three seasons. This simple truth is so powerful and really highlights the value of expert market research for all traders. Every year without fail, I receive tons of e-mails from discouraged PM-stock investors and speculators in this late-summer timeframe. They are frustrated, discouraged, and have either given up on PM stocks or are considering capitulation. Yet if you study the markets, or spend a little time and money learning from those who do, there is nothing to fear in the summer. Don't expect too much, and you won't be let down. This next chart takes an alternative view of HUI seasonals, this time dissected monthly. Every calendar month of this gold-stock bull is individually indexed, and then each month is averaged with the same months across all other calendar years. In addition, as in the first chart above, standard deviations are rendered in yellow. The smaller inset charts show the full range of these standard deviations. Standard deviations, of course, are measures of dispersion. When you are running averages for market-analysis work, the tighter the underlying data the higher the probability your average is meaningful. The narrower the yellow bands (closer to the core blue average), the less dispersed the underlying data is. The sequences 4, 5, 6 and 0, 2, 13 both average 5, but obviously the tighter first one is more likely meaningful. In calendar-month terms, November, May, and September are the best months for the HUI on average. We are talking gains of 9.2%, 7.7%, and 4.6% respectively. The worst months of the year for gold stocks on average are October and July. This is skewed by the panic October and November of 2008, however. While these two months were still weak and strong pre-panic, they weren't as extreme as they look above. The 2008 panic and its 2009 aftermath had a much more-pronounced impact on the smaller monthly seasonal datasets than it did on the annual ones. It flattened January, March, and August while extending October and November. If you want to see the panic changes with your own eyes, compare this chart to the last one I built before the panic with data current to February 2008. These monthly seasonal tendencies reinforce the annual analysis. Summers, especially June and July, tend to be weak during the PM summer doldrums. August looks strong above in monthly terms, but realize most of these gains merely offset July's big losses. The result is the flat late summer seen above on the annual chart. But once summer passes, gold stocks tend to rally on balance in most months except October. While they can drift lower other times, these non-summer pullbacks tend to be trivial. So once again the core thesis of the HUI bull seasonals emerges. Write off summer, but make sure you are deployed in high-potential gold and silver stocks for the autumn, winter, and spring gold rallies. Thanks to summer's dampening effect on sentiment among naive PM-stock traders, this time of year almost always sees nice bargains in PM stocks. August is the perfect time to stock up and prepare for the highly-probable large autumn gold rally. Gold tends to rally sharply in autumn because of big Asian buying. After harvest, farmers can invest in gold once they know how big their profits are. And gold demand in India in particular, the world's largest consumer, rockets higher during autumn's festival season. If you have any Indian friends, ask them about Indian wedding season. It is fascinating and often drives big gold rallies which PM stocks leverage. Which stocks to buy? We can help you with that. At Zeal we deeply research entire PM-stock sub-sectors (gold producers, silver stocks, advanced-stage junior golds, early-stage junior golds) to uncover what we believe are the best stocks fundamentally. We publish comprehensive profiles of our dozen favorite stocks (out of initial universes often in the hundreds) in our popular Zeal Reports. You can enjoy the benefits of hundreds of hours of our expert research for a mere pittance. Buy a PM-stock report today and take advantage of the late-summer bargains! We also publish acclaimed monthly and weekly newsletters that are invaluable to investors and speculators. All of our research and wisdom flows into these products, helping traders better understand what is going on in the markets, why, and how it can be profitably traded. There is no need to ever be anxious about the financial markets! The more you understand, the less you will worry and the better you will do. Subscribe today and take charge of building your personal fortune! The bottom line is precious-metals stocks have exhibited very definite seasonal tendencies over the course of their secular bull. This is largely the result of gold demand spikes driven by income-cycle and cultural factors that are tied to the calendar year. While PM-stock seasonals are often secondary drivers that can be temporarily overridden by short-term technical and sentimental extremes, prudent traders still pay close attention to these headwinds and tailwinds. HUI bull seasonals show investors and speculators when they have the best odds of buying low and selling high. They reveal that summer tends to be a poor time of the year for PM stocks, but the rallies in autumn, winter, and spring far more than make up for these summer doldrums. They also show that our current mid-August timeframe is one of the best times of the year to add new long positions. Adam Hamilton, CPA August 13, 2010 So how can you profit from this information? We publish an acclaimed monthly newsletter, Zeal Intelligence, that details exactly what we are doing in terms of actual stock and options trading based on all the lessons we have learned in our market research. Please consider joining us each month for tactical trading details and more in our premium Zeal Intelligence service at … www.zealllc.com/subscribe.htm Questions for Adam? I would be more than happy to address them through my private consulting business. Please visit www.zealllc.com/adam.htm for more information. Thoughts, comments, or flames? Fire away at [email protected]. Due to my staggering and perpetually increasing e-mail load, I regret that I am not able to respond to comments personally. I will read all messages though and really appreciate your feedback! | Mid | [
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Opoona Original Soundtrack Overview It took three years, but at the insistent request of fans, the niche Wii title Opoona finally received an official soundtrack release at the end of 2010. The soundtrack was an unprecedented effort for Hitoshi Sakimoto’s production company Basiscape, featuring all six composers at the company at that time. The composers managed to blend orchestral and acoustic performances, courtesy of Eminence, with various electronic and experimental stylings to capture a light-hearted, personal, yet otherworldly feel to the title. Hailed by many players of the game as one of Basiscape’s best works to date, how does the soundtrack now fare, available on physical media for the first time? Body The defining composition of the soundtrack, and indeed Hitoshi Sakimoto’s central contribution as a whole, is the game’s main theme. The theme is whimsical and delightful, exactly as one would expect given the nature of the game; in fact, it is reminiscent of other of Sakimoto’s similarly playful themes, found in works such as Deltora Quest, with its unconventional sense of lyricism. It’s short, but it doesn’t need to be long to be memorable and fitting. Its length allows it the malleability to be worked into themes all over the soundtrack, some by Sakimoto himself and others by Basiscape. Among the most remarkable interpretations include its cinematic exposition at the start of the soundtrack and the more elaborate fairytale orchestration — aptly titled “Main Theme” — on the second disc. Noriyuki Kamikura provides what is perhaps the best arrangement of the theme, in his “Tokione”. With its blend of addictive techno beats and ethereal piano passages, it is perfectly indicative of the soundtrack as a whole, more than Sakimoto’s relatively orchestrational original theme lets on. Of course, “Tokione” isn’t just a rehash of the main theme, though it is incorporated into the track quite satisfactorily. “Children of Tokione,” arranged by Mitsuhiro Kaneda, focuses primarily on the theme, and, though while quite interesting and whistleable, uses a bit too much of a playful techno arrangement to be as accessible as the aforementioned. Kamikura also arranged Sakimoto’s theme for “Creola’s House,” an absolutely delightful piece with a perfectly placed, mournful violin that complements the otherwise silly tone of the piece. It’s clear that the artists were fully liberated creatively when creating the various major secondary themes on the soundtrack. “Holy Wilds” is quite fantastic melodically — reminiscent of Iwata’s powerful works; though its initial version is rather short, a version arranged by Namiki, “Paradiso,” elaborates on the melody with a slightly more techno style without sacrificing the melody. Kamikura’s “Concert Hall” and “Back Stage” are among the most beautiful electro-acoustic fusions present on the soundtrack. The composition and arrangement of the material in the former is vivid and enjoyable, replete with complex woodwind counterpoint and elegantly mixed techno. The latter, meanwhile, is a brilliantly subdued version of the former by Kaneda, featuring more than just a simple filter layered over the original material, instead being a full rearrangement. More melodies on this album get multiple arrangements. Immediately after the previous group comes three tracks: “A Walk in the Sea,” “Intelligent Sea” and “Bravo,” all originally composed by Kaneda and the latter two arranged by Manabu Namiki and Masaharu Iwata. The original track pleasantly makes one think of the ocean thanks to the steel guitar and piano, and gentle, soothing percussion, while the two arranges are each more creative and techno infused than the last. Iwata’s in particular sounds a bit like a departure of form, due to its addictive beat, but the orchestration is very reminiscent of his works. Certainly, the recurrence of several memorable themes throughout the soundtrack makes it all the more accessible and meaningful. “Warriors of Tizia” is the game’s battle theme. Composed by Sakimoto, this theme complements his main theme in a rather fulfilling fashion. Featuring not a hint of the techno that pervades so much of this album, this piece easily fits right in amongst the others with its overly exuberant and addictive playfulness. The piece is short and resembles circus music a little too strongly, but it works. Of course, other composers infuse this theme with techno elements. Kamikura’s “Dark Rouge” is a particularly frantic, frenzied affair thanks to the brass-focused arrangement. However, easily the highlight among the battle themes is “Partizans”, a heroic blend of the main theme and battle theme with some new melodic elements added by the arranger to augment the fact that the game’s conclusion is around the corner. The anthemic section from 0:31 is one of the defining moments of the entire album. Though the majority of the soundtrack has a frivolous tone, there are a range of more mature additions to the soundtrack too. One particularly gorgeous composition is “Cathedral”, which showcases Kaneda’s strengths in composition quite fluidly. It starts innocuously with a melody on the piano and some soft techno sounds floating in the background, but everything develops quite fantastically and opens up into a rather satisfying piece. Kamikura’s “The Village Without Memories” melds the soundtracks playful techno with an insightfully profound melody and the composer’s earlier used mournful violin to create something that sounds not entirely unlike a composition of Go Shiina’s. “Old Sanctuary” doesn’t feature any sort of techno at all, though its light orchestration focusing on the woodwinds, reminds the listener of the overall playfulness of the album, despite the sad melody. Journeying on deeper into Opoona‘s world, Masaharu Iwata’s “Ruins in the Wilderness” is somewhat of an atmospheric piece: while it is rather complex, the piece itself takes a while to get anywhere melodically. Still, there’s more than enough going on to take hold of the listener’s attention for the track’s lengthy playtime. Speaking of the composer, “Central Sea” is a soothing techno piece that opts for relatively lengthy soundscapes to portray the sea, while “Blue Desert Hotel” features vivacious instrumentation that is a delight to trace throughout repeated listens. Kimihiro Abe’s “Great Dunes” uses some abstract melodies and soundscapes, as well as an accordion, to create a piece that might not be liked by all, but certainly will evoke the curiosity of many. The rhythm idiosyncracies typical of Abe’s work are very pronounced here and the elaborate development has a particularly enigmatic quality. There are a range of much darker tracks that dominate the final disc of the soundtrack. Kamikura’s “Earth Prison,” while extremely neat in context, gets rather irritating quickly due to the somewhat obnoxious sound effects playing ad nauseum in the background. “Rock Castle” is similarly unsettling, though is a more powerful than the aforementioned due to its richer orchestration. Kimihiro Abe’s “Ancient Ruins” and “Holy Spring” obesessively repeat an eerie motif to develop tension. The former is entirely soothing due to its continued focus on warm electro-acoustic soundscapes, though certain textures are particularly abstract here. Namiki’s variation features a chilling use of soprano, made more profound by Abe’s powerful melody and various electronic manipulation. The subdued nature of the accompanying instrumentation, featuring not much more than an organ, helps augment this feel. To create a unique and otherworldly ambience in the final dungeon, Hitoshi Sakimoto and Masaaki Kaneko blended all sorts of percussion samples and sound effects into “Den of Darkness” to incredible effect. For the final battles, Kaneda arranged “Dark Fate,” a variation of the battle theme even more frenzied than Kamikura’s first. This theme seems to utilize Sakimoto’s original, merely layering techno beats and the like over it while adding a few new sections, including one with some frantic strings. “Babushca,” the final battle theme composed by Sakimoto, is entirely expected for the composer. Perhaps most similar to the battle themes in Valkyria Chronicles due to its highly dissonant orchestration and usage of choir singing staccato to set a dark mood, this theme is somewhat unremarkable, if only because it’s so typical for Sakimoto. However, the ending theme, “Good Luck,” is an entirely fulfilling composition by Sakimoto. Utilizing the main theme in a playful techno arrangement, this is the perfect closing cue. Summary Once again, the Basiscape team has shown off their incredible ability to create a comprehensive three disc album. It’s one that constantly feels fresh and new, yet one whose pieces all work together surprisingly well, especially considering the number of composers and arrangers involved. Every composer brings something new to the table, but without a listing of who did what, the listener would have difficulty telling them all apart. This album focused on hybridising techno and acoustic samples into a playful and abstract manner, and entirely fulfilled its goal. Such a sound will not be pleasing to all, and some might find it rambunctious and silly, but there’s an incredible amount of depth and complexity in each piece that should not be missed by any lover of game music. Now it’s at last been released in soundtrack form, I consider it a must-have. stars 1 4.5 b 8/1/2012 Opoona Original SoundtrackMarc Friedman Do you agree with the review and score? Let us know in the comments below! 4.5 Posted on August 1, 2012 by Marc Friedman. Last modified on August 1, 2012. | Mid | [
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St. Mary's Cathedral, Diyarbakır The St. Mary's Cathedral ( ) also called Zywiec Cathedral is a Catholic Church that follows the Chaldean or Eastern Syriac rite and is located in Archeveche Chaldeen, Hamalbasi Caddesi 20, Galatasaray, 34435 Beyoglu in the city of Diyarbakir in the province of the same name and in southeast Turkey, in a region with a large Kurdish population. The cathedral is the main church of the Catholic Archieparchia Caldea of Amida (Archieparchia Amidensis Chaldaeorum) which emerged as eparchy in 1553 in the pontificate of Pope Paul IV and whose last bishop had to leave the place in 1915, it was restored in 1966 with its status Current through the bull "Chaldaici ritus" of Pope Paul VI. Currently it is sede vacante. See also Roman Catholicism in Turkey St. Mary's Cathedral References Category:Eastern Catholic cathedrals in Turkey Category:Churches in Diyarbakır Category:Chaldean Catholic cathedrals | High | [
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Saline Contrast Transesophageal Echocardiography in Fontan Patients: Assessment of the Presence, Type, and Size of Right to Left Shunts. Right to left (R-L) shunts resulting in cyanosis or systemic embolization occur after the Fontan procedure. The primary modality of diagnosing these is angiography. Successful delineation of these shunts in Fontan patients using selective saline contrast transesophageal echocardiography (SCTEE) may allow for reduced radiation and contrast exposure. We hypothesized that SCTEE could accurately determine the presence, type, and semiquantitative shunt size of R-L shunts in Fontan patients. SCTEE was performed in Fontan patients undergoing angiography for clinical indications. Injections were performed in six sites: mid-Fontan, right and left pulmonary arteries, superior and inferior vena cavae, and innominate vein. R-L shunt size was subjectively graded as 0 = absent, 1 = small, and 2 = medium or large based on echo contrast density in the left atrium. SCTEE was compared to angiography. 33 patients with Fontan were studied with median age 15 years, median weight 50.1 kg, and median O2 saturation of 90% in the R-L shunt group and 95% in the no R-L shunt group. R-L shunt types included intracardiac shunts (ICS), veno-venous collaterals (VVCs), arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and their combinations. SCTEE versus angiography results were the same for the presence, type, and size of R-L shunts in 79% (26/33). SCTEE identified shunts in 88% (29/33). Angiography identified shunts in 85% (28/33). Neither method missed any medium or large R-L shunts. SCTEE and angiography had similar accuracy. SCTEE accurately detected the presence, type, and size of R-L shunts in most Fontan patients in this study. This can be used to guide targeted angiography, reducing radiation exposure and contrast load. | High | [
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4th Update, Sunday AM: DreamWorks Animation/Universal’s How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World has won the weekend, as we wrote earlier, thanks to Saturday matinees, which took yesterday to $14.1M, a 119% gain over Friday. This now puts the threequel at a second weekend of $30M, -45%, which is a sign of relief to DWA, as a second weekend drop that’s more severe than -50% is never good for an animated pic. Hidden World will stand just under $98M and will become the third 2019 release to cross $100M after Uni/BVI/Blumhouse’s Glass and STX/Lantern’s The Upside. Hidden World is also the No. 1 international, No. 1 worldwide, and No. 1 in China, with a total global weekend of $115.4M. Total running WW is $375.4M, which eclipses the original movie’s total global of $351.8M. My colleague, Nancy Tartaglione, will have more on this. Part 2 remains the highest-grossing installment with $621.5M WW. Despite Hidden World‘s surge, Lionsgate’s A Madea Family Funeral, the final film in the series, continued to over-perform, with an $11.3M Saturday, +75% over Friday, for $27M. Tracking at its highest thought, Madea could only swing $21M. This is a fantastic result for the series to end on. That’s the third-best opening for a Madea movie after 2009’s Madea Goes to Jail ($41M) and Madea’s Family Reunion ($30M). We can’t write this enough: Don’t underestimate Perry’s Madea. It’s been a little more than a year-and-half since the last Madea pic, Boo 2, with this pic being billed as the finale for this Perry character, which he’s played for 15 years on stage and screen. That’s what drove business here. Lionsgate always seems to find themselves in a position where tracking pegs a Madea pic at a certain level, and then the movie over-performs. This time around, we hear that What Men Want‘s presence in the marketplace was initially pushing estimates down for Madea Family Funeral. Simply put: Perry’s Madea fanbase is that loyal. We hear that the marketing campaign implemented here for Madea Family Funeral was designed by former Lionsgate marketing boss Tim Palen, who left the studio last June and was behind other Perry hits, as well as the Hunger Games franchise, La La Land, and Wonder. Older women continued to fuel business yesterday between the matinee and prime time shows. The Boos did business late at night because of their younger-skewing demos (due to the social media stars in the film). African-Americans repped 65% of Madea Family Funeral‘s audience, higher than Boo 2‘s 60%. While Perry has an exclusive first-look deal for films at Paramount, it doesn’t mean he still can’t make movies at Lionsgate. The Madea character is under the studio’s domain, and whenever a Perry pic like this gets released, there’s a halo effect in his related title ancillaries on the home market. The director counts close to $1 billion at the box office for his Lionsgate canon. Some details on Madea‘s marketing push: Lionsgate drove engagement with custom online creative executions, influencer messaging and playable ad platforms, including a hilarious New York Fashion Week integration on E! News, with Madea modeling her favorite spring look: the MuuMuu. Custom content promotions and sponsorships ran across Bravo, Lifetime, and POP TV. There was also a radio blitz that drove urgency leading into the film’s opening, which included custom short one-liners from Madea. The pic is also being pushed as part of Atom and T-Mobile’s Tuesday program. The marketplace will go absolutely nuts next weekend with Captain Marvel and, as is standard before a big nine-quad film hits the circuit, the box office calms down. ComScore reports that this weekend’s ticket sales totaled $115M, off 23% from the same frame a year ago and down 10% from last weekend, when Hidden World opened to $55M. Tickets sales for the year are at $1.5B, -26% from a year ago. MGM’s Fighting With My Family eased 40% in its second wide weekend with a total running cume stateside close to $15M. Lionsgate opened the pic to No. 1 in the United Kingdom to $2.64 million USD at 568 screens. Focus Features’ Greta is coming in at $4.58M, as forecast yesterday. Business was +13% over Friday, with $1.8M. Best performances for Greta was on the coasts. Sundance After its doc hit last year, Three Identical Strangers, NEON has another one on its hands with Apollo 11, which earned $1.65M opening at 120 Imax theaters for a $13,7K per screen. Saturday’s $670K was +68% over Friday’s $400K. The pic will be in regular theatrical release next weekend, as Disney’s Captain Marvel takes all those premium venues. Buzz Aldrin came out to a screening on Thursday night at the Mann Chinese. A24’s Gaspar Noe horror bacchanal Climax at five sites was No. 1 in each of its NY, LA, San Francisco, and Austin locations, with a total three-day of $121K and the weekend’s best per-screen of $24K. The pic expands into top markets next weekend before busting wide on March 15. Post Oscar halo: Universal/DreamWorks/Participant Media’s Green Book saw a 121% gain from Oscar night weekend, with $4.7M in weekend 16 for a running total of $75.9M. Sony’s Best Animated Feature winner Spider-Man: Into the Spider Verse jumped from 743 theaters to 2,404 locations. The webslinger won’t stop in weekend 12 with $2.1M, a +138% surge and a running total of $187.3M. Given the older-skewing fandom surrounding the movie, Sony should keep it alive theatrically with midnight shows. Warner Bros. A Star Is Born is in its six month and following its Best Song Oscar win for “Shallow,” the studio re-released the Bradley Cooper-Lady Gaga pic with 12 minutes of extra footage and made $1.9M, raising the pic’s domestic total to $213M. That’s something to be commended, considering the film has been in the home market since Jan. 15. WEEKEND B.O. FOR MARCH 1-3 thumb rank pic dis scrs(cg) fri sat sun 3-day total wk 1 …Dragon 3 DWA/Uni 4,286 (+27) $6.5M $14.1M $9.4M $30M (-45%) $97.7M 2 2 Madea Family Funeral LG 2,442 $9.2M $11.3M $6.5M $27M $27M 1 3 Alita Fox 3,096 (-706) $1.7M $3.2M $2.1M $7M (-43%) $72.2M 3 4 Lego Movie 2 WB 3,458 (-375) $1.2M $3.2M $2.1M $6.6M (-32%) $91.6M 4 5 Green Book Uni/Part/DW 2,641 (+1,388) $1.2M $2.1M $1.3M $4.7M (+121%) $75.9M 16 6 Fighting With My Family MGM 2,855 (+144) $1.1M $2.1M $1.3M $4.69M (-40%) $14.9M 3 7 Isn’t It romantic NL/WB 3,325 (-119) $1.2M $2M $1.2M $4.64M (-35%) $40.2M 3 8 Greta Focus 2,411 $1.6M $1.8M $1.1M $4.58M $4.58M 1 9 What Men Want Par 2,018 (-371) $760K $1.2M $690K $2.7M (-49%) $49.6M 4 10 happy Death day 2U Uni/Blum 2,331 (-881) $703K $1.1M $643K $2.5M (-49%) $25.2M 3 3rd Update, Saturday AM: Per our industry estimates, DreamWorks Animation/Universal’s How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World is now looking to have the upper hand over Lionsgate’s Tyler Perry character finale, A Madea Family Funeral. The weekend take estimates at $26M to $25.8M. Some are considering this to be a photo-finish weekend, but matinees are on Hidden World‘s side. What is clear is that it’s a great result for Madea, outshining the highest point of tracking, which was $20M, the fourth-highest opening for a Perry-directed movie, and a B.O. bump for Perry following the $13.7M opening (one of his three lowest) of Nobody’s Fool, which was the first movie under his exclusive first-look deal with Paramount. Madea also won Friday night with an estimated $9.2M. “For Perry Fans who have enjoyed his movies and this particular character over the years, Funeral looks and feels like an ideal send off. This contingent is certainly excited to see the movie in theaters, as they consistently have with Perry films over the years. But, plenty of naysayers claim they thought Madea was dead already. They’re shocked these movies keep getting made. Regardless, the convo certainly leans positive thanks to Perry’s loyal target audience,” says RelishMix, which finds most of the buzz emanating for the pic on Perry’s social media handles, which count close to 23M followers. As typical the weekend before a Marvel movie opens in the marketplace, business simmers down. Captain Marvel, which begins press previews on Monday, is expected to thaw the winter box office with a $100M-$120M opening. Madea is Teflon-proof against critics, who continue to stick their tongue out at the character with a 33% Rotten Tomatoes on this finale. Audiences gave A Madea Family Funeral an A- CinemaScore and 4 stars on ComScore/Screen Engine’s PostTrak, with a solid 67% recommend. African-American audiences led the way at 59%, followed by 16% Hispanic and 15% Caucasian. Females over 25 repped close to half of the audience, followed by men over 25 at 29%. Madea played best where she always does, in the East and South, and particularly in the Southeast. DWA Speaking of Hidden World, right now its weekend drop of -53% is the steepest in the franchise, lower than the -50% of Part 2 and the sweet -34% second weekend hold of the original 2010 movie. That latter pic played the spring break portion of March/April, while Part 2 was propelled by summer business. Let’s see where the day takes us. There was only 2% K-12 schools and colleges each on break yesterday, a number that improves next Friday to, respectively, 6%/13%, and ramps up on March 15 to 24%/34%. Focus Features The weekend’s other wide entry, Focus Features’ Neil Jordan thriller Greta, isn’t stirring up any excitement, with $4.55M in 5th place (horrible, considering that it reportedly cost the studio $4M to acquire the film; some say $6M), shackled by a 58% Rotten Tomatoes score and awful audience exits, which include 2 stars on PostTrak and a 34% definite recommend. This isn’t the type of specialty release you can platform off those types of numbers, so Focus had to go wide with the pic in 2,411 and fast, so they could at least make their acquisition cash back. The Isabelle Huppert and Chloe Grace Moretz movie drew mostly women at 57% on PostTrak, with an overall audience that was 57% over 25. Low social media universe here, around 40M across Facebook, Twitter, YouTube views and Instagram, which is under the 47M average for specialty release. The studio attempted to draw in the ‘guilty pleasure’ Bravo New Jersey Housewives crowd, given how both the series and Greta is about overturning tables. In the clip below from Feb. 22, which earned about 35K views daily, two of the Housewives have dinner at Katsuya in Hollywood and, unknown to fellow patrons, do their table-turning thing in honor of Isabelle Hubert’s character in Greta. But overall, the buzz on social for Greta is “’will wait for Netflix’, as dubious comments chime in,” says RelishMix. NEON/CNN Films Apollo 11 doc played in 120 sites, earning an estimated $1.3M for a $10.8K screen average. The film has a 100% certified fresh on Rotten Tomatoes. A24’s Gaspar Noe punch bowl horror film Climax is booked at five locations and earning around $17K per screen, for a weekend of $172K. The pic has a 78% certified fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Industry estimates: BOX OFFICE FOR MARCH 1-3 thumb rank film dis. screens (chg) friday 3-day total wk 1 how To Train Your Dragon 3 DWA/Uni 4,286 (+27) $6.5M (-63%) $26M (-53%) $93.7M 2 2 Madea Family Funeral LG 2,442 $9.2M $25.8M $25.8M 1 3 Alita Fox 3,096 (-706) $1.7M (-45%) $6.7M (-46%) $72M 3 4 Lego Movie 2 WB 3,458 (-375) $1.3M (-41%) $5.8M (-40%) $90.8M 4 5 Greta Focus 2,411 $1.6M $4.55M $4.55M 1 6 Green Book Uni/Part/DW 2,641 (+1,388) $1.2M (+110%) $4.5M (+114%) $75.7M 16 7 isn’t It Romantic NL/WB 3,325 (-119) $1.3M (-40%) $4.3M (-39%) $40M 3 8 Fighting With My Family MGM 2,855 (+144) $1.1M (-54%) $4.1M (-46%) $14.4M 3 9 What Men Want Par 2,018 (-371) $758K (-49%) $2.6M (-49%) $49.6M 4 10 Happy Death Day 2U Uni/Blum 2,331 (-881) $700K (-52%) $2.4M (-50%) $25.2M 3 2nd Update, Friday Midday: Midday figures show Tyler Perry’s A Madea Family Funeral having the weekend’s edge over DreamWorks Animation’s How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World, $25.4M to $23.3M. Madea will lead Friday with $9M-$10M while Hidden World will do around $6M in its second Friday. Weekend matinees could swing this race in Hidden World‘s favor, but Madea is blessed by post-church crowds on Sunday. If this pace continues, Hidden World will stand at $90.9M by Sunday and a second weekend that’s -58%. 20th Century Fox/Lightstorm’s Alita: Battle Angel is seeing a third Friday of $1.6M and a third weekend of $6.4M, -48%; her running cume at $55M by Sunday. Warner Bros. The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part in weekend 4 is projected to make $5.8M, -40% for a running total of $90.8M. Focus Features’ Greta is seeing $2.5M today and $5.3M over three days. Not spectacular. Universal/Participant Media/DreamWorks’ Green Book we hear is doing around $5M at 2,641 locations (up from 1,253) for the weekend post its Oscar Best Picture win, +138% in weekend 16. That number will put the Peter Farrelly-directed drama at $76.2M. 1st Update, Friday 7:41AM: Lionsgate’s final installment of the Madea series, Tyler Perry’s A Madea Family Funeral earned a series record of $1.1M last night from previews. The comedy’s pre-weekend projections are between $17M-$21M. There’s some anticipation by some that Madea could easily beat that, and that’s because this is the character’s swan song. That preview night cash from 2,100 venues is higher than $855K earned by Boo! A Madea Halloween and a notch higher than Perry’s Lionsgate title Acrimony which made $1M. The best opening for a Madea movie is 2009’s Madea Goes to Jail with $41M, followed by 2006’s A Madea Family Reunion ($30M) and 2016’s Boo! A Madea Halloween ($28.5M). The Madea pics’ demo sweet spot is older women, however the filmmaker was able to engage a millennial crowd with the Boo films by casting a number of YouTube personalities in them. The comedy expands to 2,442 theaters today. In the film, a joyous family reunion turns into a hilarious nightmare as Madea and the crew travel to backwoods Georgia and unexpectedly have to plan a funeral, which threatens to reveal sordid family secrets. DreamWorks Animation However, DreamWorks Animation’s How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World per industry estimates is expected to ring up around $35M or more in its second weekend, -36% for the No. 1 win. The threequel led all films yesterday with $2M ending its first week at $65.1M with a running total that includes previews of $67.6M. Though Hidden World repped the best opening for the DWA Dragon franchise, its total cume is behind the first week of How to Train Your Dragon 2‘s first week by 3% ($69.8M), and that’s because the latter was a summer film when more kids were off from school. By the end of this weekend, Hidden World‘s total should revolve around $102M. Fandango reports that Hidden World tickets sales are, natch, still leading all titles for the weekend. TIFF Focus Features has their $4M TIFF acquisition Greta, a thriller from Neil Jordan that stars Isabelle Huppert and Chloe Grace Moretz. In the film, a young woman befriends a lonely widow, named Greta, who’s harboring a dark and deadly agenda towards her. The film is playing in around 2,400 theaters and is only expected to do between $4M-$6M. It has a 60% fresh on Rotten Tomatoes which isn’t strong enough for an adult-skewing title for sophisticated audiences. We hear from industry sources that the pic did around $350K in previews. Also in play at 120 Imax theaters is NEON/CNN Film’s Apollo 11 documentary from Todd Douglas Miller. The doc which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival follows Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin’s lunar mission with never-before-seen audio and 70MM footage. | Mid | [
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Electrical Shock Sensation, 1 Year Post Breast Augmentation? I had implants, placed under the muscle about a year ago (500cc right and 550cc left). I love the overall look of my right breast but the left one has always felt a bit "off" and has muscle distortion when I flex. Recently, I noticed if I put inward pressure on my left breast, in the lower cleavage area, I feel an electrical shock sensation that runs through to my nipple. I know nerve damage can result from surgery but I am over a year post op and just now noticing this. Should I be concerned? Doctor Answers 3 Uncomfortable Sensation 1 Year After Breast Augmentation June 27th, 2012 {{ voteCount >= 0 ? '+' + (voteCount + 1) : (voteCount + 1) }} Dear CandianGirl, The "electrical shock" sensation that you have been experiencing could be a result of a nervous or muscular injury. Although you are 1 year post surgery, nerve injuries take long periods of time to recover. As for the muscular distortion when you flex, it could be due to a deflection in the anatomical position of the pectoralis muscle. I encourage you to consult with your surgeon as he/she knows the exact details of your surgery hence ruling out several possibilities in order to point out the cause of the discomfort you are enduring. Electric shock sensation after breast augmentation June 18th, 2012 {{ voteCount >= 0 ? '+' + (voteCount + 1) : (voteCount + 1) }} The muscle distortion you describe may be related to animation ferocity as a result of sub muscular placement of the implant or partial separation of the lower fibers of origin of the pectorals major muscle. As for the electric shock sensation, it may be related to nerve injury. It is best for you if you address your concerns with your plastic surgeon. Electrical Shock Sensation after Breast Augmentation? June 13th, 2012 {{ voteCount >= 0 ? '+' + (voteCount + 1) : (voteCount + 1) }} Thank you for the question. Given that you have noticed a change in sensation/discomfort recently, it may behoove you to be examined by your plastic surgeon. He/she is in the best position to rule out complications such as breast implant encapsulation. Once this is ruled out, then it is most likely that your “electrical shock sensation” is related to musculoskeletal strain ( for example after strenuous exercise/work). Again, follow up with your plastic surgeon for physical examination and advice. Breast Augmentation Pictures These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship. | Mid | [
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“Many more films will be made on the untold stories of the Tibetan freedom struggle, especially about the Khampa warriors, but Drapchi has given us the first Tibetan ‘Heroine’ Yiga. She stays with you long after the curtains fall.”--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Long after Chinese occupation of Tibet, the Dalai Lama’s exile, after the Cultural Revolution which left Tibet shattered, after Deng Xiaoping traded communism with consumerist market economy and even after world had given up on Tibet and non-violence, the Tibetans have not stopped doing two things: praying and singing. Drapchi is a rare film on Tibet that tells the story of the Tibetan people’s suffering from the core of its pain. Told in simple narrative, Drapchi is a powerful story a Tibetan woman who escapes from a bunker-jail located in a remote mountain region deep inside Tibet and after saving her life trekking through Himalayan mountains trudges into Nepal from where she relives her past in a flashback before escaping to a new exile – Europe. Arvind Iyer's debut feature is an unusual production coming out of Mumbai, the heart of Bollywood, A bustling movie industry that has never made a single film on Tibet even as Hollywood produced Martin Scorsese’s Kundun – the life story of the Dalai Lama and the Brad Pitt starrer Jean-Jacques Annaud’s Seven Years in Tibet. The title of the film is borrowed from the Drapchi prison in Lhasa that until recently was Tibet’s most notorious prison and has been used in the film as a metaphor for fear, control and illegal detention of Tibetans across Occupied Tibet. Iyer is not an activist. He is a storyteller. He successfully breaks stereotype and his protagonist Yiga Gyalnang, a confident and seemingly affluent opera singer, who is already a celebrity in her own right, is an independent and confident woman who drives her own car and speaks English. Yiga is neither a nun nor a saint. Yiga, played by Netherlands based Tibetan star-singer Namgyal Lhamo excels in a role that seems perfectly crafted for her. She has snow-melt water in her voice as she sings she sets the celluloid on fire right from the beginning; set against tall snow mountains and vast green pastures one is immediately transported into the Tibetan plateau. Yiga’s character is unbelievably close to that of Namgyal Lhamo herself in real life and she shoulders it with a quiet dignity and nonchalant ease. Her songs accentuated by the use of rock and hypnotic hooks as musical background motifs lift the inner spirit when the character undergoes arrest, detention and torture, and even when brutally raped in prison. The most harrowing experiences of torture and intimidation happen on the roof the world and the world cares little, and yet, Yiga says “Freedom is not escaping from the prison, but overcoming one’s own fears.” The World Premiere of 'Drapchi' was held in New Delhi at the 12th Osian’s Cinefan Festival of Asian and Arab Cinema on July 29 where, during the show Tibetans in the audience were moved to tears by the realistic depiction of their predicament. On behalf of more than 300 Tibetans gathered in the audience Mr. Tempa Tsering, representative of His Holiness the Dalai Lama in New Delhi thanking the film director, producer and Namgyal Lhamo said: “Truth has found a voice”. Drapchi gives us something to take back home. It shows us what happens when the spiritually evolved people of Tibet are aggressed upon with guns and when there is no escape and how do they deal with real challenge to their teachings of the Buddha. How does one practice compassion when the enemy has occupied your country, killed the resistance and now wants to silence you in the corner of a prison cell? Many more films will be made on the untold stories of the Tibetan freedom struggle, especially about the Khampa warriors, but Drapchi has given us the first Tibetan ‘Heroine’.Yiga. She stays with you long after the curtains fall. 'Drapchi' has been officially selected for screening at the 28 Warsaw Film Festival 12-21 Oct2012 and In Competition at the 35th Cairo International Film Festival Nov 27-Dec 02 2012. The film will be commercially released worldwide on March 10, 2013. -Tenzin Tsundue is a Tibetan freedom fighter based in Dharamsala, India. Tsundue was in attendance during the screening of ‘Drapchi’ at the 12th Osian’s Cinefan Film Festival in New Delhi. | High | [
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Attempting to reconcile large differences in Improving Access to Psychological Therapies recovery rates. The Improving Access to Psychological Therapies initiative has a reported 50 percent recovery rate. Recently, Scott published a scathing report asserting that 9.2 percent is the correct rate. This alarming assertion requires a closer look and further scrutiny of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies. Scott's study is fundamentally flawed in many ways; chiefly, the small ( n = 87), forensically involved, convenience sample is not representative of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies population. Scott's study is more a limited-scope non-representative-sampled audit (or pilot study audit) of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies. Given the large amount of public funds involved in the project, further research and a high degree of transparency is warranted. | Mid | [
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Department stores generally have an old fashioned dusty connotation but London's Selfridges offers so much more than your bog-standard shopping emporium as one of its newest ventures - courtesy of Richard Caring's Caprice Holdings - proves. On walking into the Brasserie of Light on the first floor you're transported away from the bright lights of the shop floor to an enchanting world of flying bejewelled horses (Damien Hirst's 24-foot jewel-encrusted creation dominates the main dining space) and cool club beats. Think a shiny chocolate box crossed with a fairground carousel ride, with a scat... They say sometimes the most obvious things are hard to spot. This is certainly the case with the Royal Lancaster London hotel, which is perched directly above Lancaster Gate tube station. I walked right, then I walked left, before realising the place required just a few paces to get there. I was reassured that this happens a lot and it wasn't just the blonde side of me surfacing. Following an £80 million facelift this 411-room, 1960s haunt - which even featured in the Italian Job - has been brought up-to-date. Not losing any of its swinging sixties character, the 18-storey tower block has... Shepherd's Bush is a little manic for my liking, busy roads intermixed with a bizarre spread of shops where you can buy sim cards and hair extensions. But on walking into the area's new four star hotel, the Dorsett, I was transported to a much calmer world. High ceilings, polished floors and dark wood decor were easy on the eye. As was the sweet cart lurking in the corner, with bons bons, jelly beans and rhubarb balls on offer for free. We checked into a suite on the 4th floor of the giant hotel, which used to house a cinema. After weaving our way through the moodly-lit grey corridors we l... After the runaway success of The Wick’s inaugural year, The Wick has returned with a road-blocked launch that saw 2,000 discerning shoppers and foodie revelers descend. The Wick will be situated at The Old Baths every Sunday this summer, curating the best that East London’s creative community has to offer and will be open every Sunday until October 25th at the Old Baths, Hackney Wick. New Orleans or New A'wlins as the locals call it is a city of Southern comfort, soul food and soul music at its heart!! There are also extremes, on one hand you have laid back neighbourhoods put back together after Katrina and then there's the infamous Bourbon Street, which is debaucherous and dirty and not at all what you'd expect from New Orleans. Tourists from around the world come here and drink themselves to oblivion on $3 shots and whilst we were happy to have seen this, we were much happier to leave it for the local’s version. Frenchmen St. was everything we hoped it would be, authentic... The number 9 is a tricky little fella. 9 lives, 9 moths, 9-to-5. One day you’re on cloud number 9, the next thing you know you’re dialing it three times in a row. Swivel these three nines round and you summon the devil, or drape yourself in diamonds and dress yourself to the nines. Neuf, neun, nueve, nuervo, nine. Square eyed and frost bitten from the daily avalanche of emails, makes post work shopping seem somewhat undesirable. With the ratio of people to pavement slabs tilting towards the wrong way and the brutality of this uncivilized, hunter gather style shopping ritual cocking up your else wise cosy Thursday evening. Noting your annoyance, the nifty guys at French Connection have converged style with convenience in their new outpost at Old Street station. Concentrating the 'best bits' into an AW14 capsule collection the 1000 sq ft store, stocks a selection of trend pieces, as well as gift... Menswear design duo, Agi and Sam (Agape Mdumulla and Sam Cotton), are among the exclusive group of uber talented designers putting the UK at the forefront of the global fashion stage. Not to mention taking the industry by storm. Ahead of their next London Collections: Men show later this month, the pair are launching an exclusive collection in collaboration with high street giant Topman. Inspired by the football jerseys of yesteryear, the collection combines lux sportswear, quirky animal motif prints and unquestionably great tailoring. Meeting as interns at McQueen, Agi and Sam joined f... | Low | [
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The president attempted to champion the fruits of American hard work by writing: “We are building our future with American hands, American labor, American iron, aluminum, and steel.” With it, he attached a photo of Melania wearing a dress by London-based, Greek designer Mary Katrantzou, a detail picked up by many on Twitter. The First Lady has been criticized for not wearing enough U.S. brands before, favoring Italian labels such as Dolce & Gabbana and MaxMara. | Low | [
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Runningbrook International Preschool Every person at Runningbrook International Preschools is committed to supporting your family to raise healthy, happy, and secure children that will be successful in school and in life. A child’s early years are critical to their future growth and development. Everyone at Runningbrook International Preschools will strive to maintain your trust every day. The recruitment and training of our people, the design and maintenance of our schools, and the operation of our curriculum and instruction, are all carefully designed to provide the optimum group experience for your child. We know how important it is to find childcare you really trust, and a preschool that exceeds your expectations. That’s why we’re here. Each Runningbrook creates an environment where children are safe, nurtured, loved and encouraged to learn. And at Runningbrook Centers, parents are learning why we have become the leading private provider of early childhood education and care in Santiago. Our preschool started in 1993 as a response to the needs of bilingual schools which were not met by most nursery or preschools in Santiago. We established a program where our children are fostered into a system in which English is its language and where he can develop all his capacities and potentials. Outstanding later in school for their personality and English language abilities. More than 1200 families from more than 35 countries have passed through our schools giving our classrooms a great respect for diversity. In our preschool Each program is as unique as your child. Each day is filled with songs, games and other fun-filled activities. Our caring teachers present your child with new experiences in our discovery zones. Children learn about science, music and art through hands-on projects and themed activities. Our experienced teachers are there to help your child develop by sharing their enthusiasm and wisdom every day. Teaching the english language. Experts agree that the most important time in developing speech and language is during the first three years, in which the brain is in a phase where it is developing and maturing. These abilities seem to develop better in an environment filled with sounds, visual elements, and permanent exposure to the speech and language of other people. Why can young children learn language easier than teens or adults? In part this is because of the differences between our brains. The young child’s brain is at the “right time” to learn the language. Babies are born with thousands of millions of brain cells of which millions are in charge of controlling language. During the first years of life the brain cells connect with other cells to make complex vias. The brain can make new connections thanks to a stimulating rich environment. Just like our muscles get weak with the lack of use, the brains quality develops less with the lack of activity. The neurons can lose the connecting power if they are not used at the appropriate time. This is why at Runningbrook we incorporate the English language naturally in the environment so that the children acquire these connections in an early and adequate manner. This guarantees language development with better comprehension, larger vocabulary, problem solving and phonetic flexibility. (For more information about this and other developmental topics visit: www.pediatraldia.cl, www.fcs.uga.edu/outreach). You will always be a part of your child's day Your child changes every day. That is why Runningbrook Learning Centers teachers and staff provide regular updates on your child’s development. Weekly and monthly, we will let you know about the fun learning experiences your child is enjoying. This includes your child’s activities, developmental changes and, of course, milestones. At your convenience, we will be happy to meet with you to discuss your child’s progress. We also have comprehensive methods – both formal and informal – to ensure we communicate thoroughly with you about your child’s discoveries. At Runningbrook International Preschool, you will find that our teachers are eager to understand your needs and actively listen to your suggestions. We honor your role as a parent and as the first and most important teacher in your child’s life. We work together with you to support your child’s healthy growth and development by sharing the learning and excitement your child experiences each day. Open Door Policy We welcome you to come visit us whenever you wish, with or without letting us know before hand. Please feel free to drop by and talk to us or just get a peek view of your child. | High | [
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Q: Observable transformers made of Subjects I am currently implementing a pattern that has a view-viewmodel circular dependency. Though its really not dependency because they don't know about each other, all they know is that there is a stream of events and a stream of states. I came up with an idea of making the viewModel implement a function called toTransformer() which returns an ObservableTransformer that's composed of two subjects, an event subject and a state subject. private val eventStream: PublishSubject<MainEvent> = PublishSubject.create() private val stateSink: BehaviorSubject<MainState> = BehaviorSubject.create() ... fun asTransformer(): ObservableTransformer<MainEvent, MainState> = ObservableTransformer { it.subscribe { eventStream.onNext(it) } stateSink } And is used like this view.events().compose(viewModel.asTransformer()).subscribe { view.render(it) } Questions Is it okay to do this? What could go wrong with this implementation. Will the inner subscription be disposed if the subscription is disposed? Can this be improved to a better form? Edit This is how event and state relates. eventStream.map { it.toAction() } .compose(actionToResult()) .scan (MainState.initial(), reducer()) .subscribe { stateSink.onNext(it) } A: I don't know if you based it off of this, but Jake Wharton has a great presentation on this kind of architecture. Is it okay to do this? In general, sure. What could go wrong with this implementation. One thing you probably want to be careful of is that you essentially have one big event loop. If your event loop dies, the UI will be non-responsive. Correct error handling is even more important than before. I'm sure your code snippets above are a simplified version of what you really have, but consider that without an error handling block, failures in your inner subscription will bubble up to your outer subscription which will itself fail. At this point, there will be no active subscriptions to UI events. Will the inner subscription be disposed if the subscription is disposed? No. It's not in the same chain. Can this be improved to a better form? Especially in consideration of the previous answer, you may want to get rid of the inner subscription so that it's all one chain. An easy way is to use flatMap instead of subscribing. | Mid | [
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WASHINGTON — AIPAC applauds the US Senate for unanimously pledging to stand by our Israeli ally should it take military action in its own legitimate defense against the nuclear threat from Iran. The Senate action on Resolution S. R. 65 comes at a critical moment as Iran stands on the verge of attaining nuclear weapons capability following repeated defiance of the international community. Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Robert Menendez (D-NJ) and Senator Lindsey Graham (R-SC) sponsored the resolution. The resolution garnered 92 co-sponsors. It specifies that the United States should provide diplomatic, military, and economic support to Israel “in its defense of its territory, people, and existence.” The resolution also reiterates that the policy of the United States is to prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapons capability and to take such action as may be necessary to implement this policy. The resolution further urges the President to strengthen enforcement of sanctions on Tehran. The passage of this resolution is an extremely significant and timely statement of solidarity with Israel and a restatement of America’s determination to thwart Iran’s nuclear quest – which endangers American, Israeli, and international security. Consistently ranked as the most influential foreign policy lobbying organization on Capitol Hill, AIPAC is a bipartisan American membership organization that seeks to strengthen the relationship between the United States and Israel. For more than 50 years, AIPAC has been working with Congress to build a strong, vibrant relationship between the U.S. and Israel. With more than 100,000 members across the United States, AIPAC works throughout the country to improve and strengthen that relationship by supporting U.S.-Israel military, economic, scientific and cultural cooperation. | High | [
0.6649746192893401,
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<img src="<?php echo erLhcoreClassDesign::design('images/general/logo.png');?>" alt="Live Helper Chat" title="Live Helper Chat" /> <h1>Installation step 2</h1> <form action="<?php echo erLhcoreClassDesign::baseurl('install/install')?>/2" method="POST" autocomplete="off"> <?php if (isset($errors)) : ?> <?php include(erLhcoreClassDesign::designtpl('lhkernel/validation_error.tpl.php'));?> <?php endif; ?> <h2>Database settings</h2> <table class="table table-sm"> <tr> <td>Username</td> <td><input class="form-control" type="text" name="DatabaseUsername" value="<?php echo isset($db_username) ? htmlspecialchars($db_username) : ''?>" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Password</td> <td><input class="form-control" type="password" name="DatabasePassword" value="<?php echo isset($db_password) ? htmlspecialchars($db_password) : ''?>" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Host</td> <td><input class="form-control" type="text" name="DatabaseHost" value="<?php echo isset($db_host) ? htmlspecialchars($db_host) : '127.0.0.1' ?>"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Port</td> <td><input class="form-control" type="text" name="DatabasePort" value="<?php echo isset($db_port) ? htmlspecialchars($db_port) : '3306'?>"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Database name</td> <td><input class="form-control" type="text" name="DatabaseDatabaseName" value="<?php echo isset($db_name) ? htmlspecialchars($db_name) : ''?>"></td> </tr> </table> <br> <input type="submit" value="Next" class="btn btn-secondary" name="Install"> <br /><br /> </form> | Low | [
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Q: transition function of a automaton My goal is to implement a transition function in OCaml which takes in input an state and a character is returns a positive Boolean formula(including true and false). That is: \delta(q0,a) = q1 and (q2 or q3) my problem is how to represent a boolean formula in ocaml and how implement the transition function with this specific A: Alternating finite automaton, eh? Representing a boolean formula would be done with a simple recursive variant type (that I'm going to make into a polymorphic type because I don't want to specify the type of a state yet): type ’state formula = | And of ’state formula list | Or of ’state formula list | Literal of bool | Variable of ’state So, for instance, q1 and (q2 or q3) would be represented as: And [ Variable q1 ; Or [ Variable q2 ; Variable q3 ] ] You may represent the function as either an actual OCaml function: type state = Q0 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 let delta : state * char -> state formula = function | Q0, 'a' -> And [ Variable Q1 ; Or [ Variable Q2 ; Variable Q3 ] ] | _ -> ... Or you may opt for storing the transitions in a map (this lets you build your automaton at runtime): type state = int module OrderedStateChar = struct type = state * char let compare = compare end module StateCharMap = Map.Make(OrderedStateChar) let transition_of_map map = fun (state,char) -> try StateCharMap.find (state,char) map with Not_found -> Literal false let map = List.fold_left (fun map (state,char,formula) -> StateCharMap.add (state,char) formula map) StateCharMap.empty [ 0, 'a', And [ Variable 1 ; Or [ Variable 2 ; Variable 3 ] ] ; ... ] let transition = transition_of_map map let _ = transition (0,'a') (*/* returns '1 and (2 or 3)' */*) | High | [
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package com.indeed.proctor.webapp.tags; import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap; import com.indeed.proctor.common.EnvironmentVersion; import com.indeed.proctor.store.Revision; import com.indeed.proctor.webapp.db.Environment; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Test; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Map; /** * Tests for tag functions : TestDefinitionFunctions.java */ public class TestTestDefinitionFunctions { /* Example Commit History: r134 - INDAPPW-537: Feature flag for html5 history based question navigation r135 - Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r134) to qa r136 - Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (qa r135) to production Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r134) to qa r137 - INDAPPW-537: Adjusting test ratio allocations r138 - Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r137) to production r139 - Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r137) to qa r140 - Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (qa r135) to production Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r134) to qa */ private static final String WHO = "developer-A"; private static final Date WHEN = new Date(2012, 01, 12); private static final Map<String, Revision> PROMOTED_REVISIONS = ImmutableMap.<String, Revision>builder() .put("134", new Revision("134", WHO, WHEN, "INDAPPW-537: Feature flag for html5 history based question navigation")) .put("135", new Revision("135", WHO, WHEN, "Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r134) to qa")) .put("136", new Revision("136", WHO, WHEN, "Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (qa r135) to production\nPromoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r134) to qa")) .put("137", new Revision("137", WHO, WHEN, "INDAPPW-537: Adjusting test ratio allocations")) .put("138", new Revision("138", WHO, WHEN, "Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r137) to production")) .put("139", new Revision("139", WHO, WHEN, "Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r137) to qa")) .put("140", new Revision("140", WHO, WHEN, "Promoting iahtml5qsthisttst (qa r135) to production\nPromoting iahtml5qsthisttst (trunk r134) to qa")) .build(); private static final EnvironmentVersion PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD; static { final Revision trunkRevision = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("137"); // QA revision = 139, promoted from Trunk r137 (effective version) final Revision qaRevision = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("139"); // PROD revision = 140, promoted from Trunk r134 (effective version) final Revision prodRevision = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("140"); PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD = new EnvironmentVersion("iahtml5qsthisttst", // current trunk revision copyRevision(trunkRevision), // QA revision = 139, promoted from Trunk r137 (effective version) copyRevision(qaRevision), "137", // PROD revision = 140, promoted from Trunk r134 (effective version) copyRevision(prodRevision), "134"); } /* Example Charm Commit history: (trunk branch) r178090 - COMP-1654 - changed the rule to check userlanguage, rather than jasxlanguage r182781 - COMP-1683 - Roll out the test 100% globally (qa branch) r178100 - merged r178090: COMP-1654 - changed the rule to check userlanguage, rather than jasxlanguage r182787 - merged r182781: COMP-1683 - Roll out the test 100% globally (production branch) r178374 - merged r178090: COMP-1654 - changed the rule to check userlanguage, rather than jasxlanguage ( not yet merged r182781) */ private static final Map<String, Revision> CHARMED_REVISIONS = ImmutableMap.<String, Revision>builder() // trunk .put("178090", new Revision("178090", WHO, WHEN, "COMP-1654 - changed the rule to check userlanguage, rather than jasxlanguage")) .put("182781", new Revision("182781", WHO, WHEN, "COMP-1683 - Roll out the test 100% globally")) // QA .put("178100", new Revision("178100", WHO, WHEN, "merged r178090: COMP-1654 - changed the rule to check userlanguage, rather than jasxlanguage")) .put("182787", new Revision("182787", WHO, WHEN, "merged r182781: COMP-1683 - Roll out the test 100% globally")) // production .put("178374", new Revision("178374", WHO, WHEN, "merged r178090: COMP-1654 - changed the rule to check userlanguage, rather than jasxlanguage")) .build(); private static final EnvironmentVersion CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD = new EnvironmentVersion("acmecmpattrtst", // current trunk revision CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("182781"), // QA revision = 182787, last merged trunk revision r182781 (effective version) CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("182787"), "182781", // PROD revision = 178374, merged from trunk revision 178090 (effective version) CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("178374"), "178090"); @Test public void testIsCurrentVersionViewingTrunkPromoted() { final Revision r134 = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("134"); final Revision r137 = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("137"); final Environment viewing = Environment.WORKING; Assert.assertFalse("r134 is not current trunk revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r134, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r134 is current trunk revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r137, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); // r134 is not current qa version Assert.assertFalse("r134 is not current qa version", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r134, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); // r137 is current QA.version Assert.assertTrue("r137 is current qa version", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r137, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); // r134 is current production version (promoted from QA r135 (trunk r134) Assert.assertTrue("r134 is current production version", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r134, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); // r137 is current QA.version Assert.assertFalse("r137 is not current production version", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r137, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); } @Test public void testIsCurrentVersionViewingQaPromoted() { final Revision r135 = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("135"); final Revision r139 = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("139"); final Environment viewing = Environment.QA; Assert.assertFalse("r135 is promoted version of trunk revision r134 (not current trunk)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r135, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r139 is promoted version of trunk revision r137 (current trunk)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r139, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r135 is not current qa revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r135, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r139 is current qa revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r139, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); // r135 promoted to production (r140) (trunk r134) Assert.assertTrue("r135 is promoted version of trunk r134 which is current production.version", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r135, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r139 is not promoted version of production version", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r139, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); } @Test public void testIsCurrentVersionViewingProductionPromoted() { final Revision r136 = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("136"); final Revision r138 = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("138"); final Revision r140 = PROMOTED_REVISIONS.get("140"); final Environment viewing = Environment.PRODUCTION; Assert.assertFalse("r136 is promoted version of trunk revision r134 (not current trunk)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r136, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r138 is promoted version of trunk revision r137 (current trunk.revision)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r138, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r140 is promoted version of trunk revision r134 (not current trunk)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r140, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); // r136 promoted to production (r140) (trunk r134) Assert.assertFalse("r136 is qa r135, trunk r134 neither are current QA.versions", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r136, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r138 is promoted version of trunk revision r137 (current qa.version)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r138, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r140 is qa r135, trunk r134 neither are current QA.versions", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r140, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r136 is not current production.revision (r140)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r136, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r138 is not current production.revision (r140)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r138, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r140 is current production.revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r140, PROMOTED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); } @Test public void testIsCurrentVersionViewingTrunkCharmed() { final Revision r178090 = CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("178090"); final Revision r182781 = CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("182781"); final Environment viewing = Environment.WORKING; Assert.assertFalse("r178090 is not current trunk revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r178090, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r182781 is current trunk revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r182781, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r178090 is not current qa.version (r182781)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r178090, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r182781 is current qa.version (r182781)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r182781, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r178090 is current production.version (r178090)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r178090, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r182781 is not current production.version (r178090)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r182781, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); } @Test public void testIsCurrentVersionViewingQaCharmed() { final Revision r178100 = CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("178100"); final Revision r182787 = CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("182787"); final Environment viewing = Environment.QA; Assert.assertFalse("r178100 is merged r178090 (not current trunk revision)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r178100, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r182787 is merged r182781 (current trunk revision)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r182787, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r178100 is not current qa.revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r178100, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r182787 is current qa.revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r182787, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r178100 is merged r178090 (current production.version r178090)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r178100, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r182787 is merged r182781 (current production.version r178090)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r182787, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); } @Test public void testIsCurrentVersionViewingProductionCharmed() { final Revision r178374 = CHARMED_REVISIONS.get("178374"); final Environment viewing = Environment.PRODUCTION; Assert.assertFalse("r178374 is merged r178090 (not current trunk revision)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnTrunk(viewing, r178374, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertFalse("r178374 is merged r178090 not current qa.version (r182781)", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnQa(viewing, r178374, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); Assert.assertTrue("r178374 current production.revision", TestDefinitionFunctions.isCurrentVersionOnProduction(viewing, r178374, CHARMED_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD)); } private static Revision copyRevision(final Revision r) { return new Revision( // create a new String for revision. Revision was previously an int, and a bug escaped because comparisons were via == instead of .equals new String(r.getRevision()), r.getAuthor(), r.getDate(), r.getMessage() ); } } | Low | [
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33.5,
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Citigroup and Wells Fargo Said to Be Bidding for Wachovia Federal regulators on Sunday night were pressing for the sale of yet another troubled bank — this time, the Wachovia Corporation — in a move that would concentrate power within the nation’s banking industry in the hands of a few giant lenders. Wachovia, the nation’s fourth-largest bank, was negotiating to sell itself to Wells Fargo or Citigroup. Although the Federal Reserve and Treasury Department were pushing for a sale, the government was resisting pressure to provide financial guarantees to the buyer. A sale to either Wells Fargo or Citigroup would further concentrate Americans’ bank deposits in the hands of just three banks: Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase and whichever bank acquired Wachovia would control more than 30 percent of the industry’s deposits. Together, those three would be so large that they would dominate the industry, with unrivaled power to set prices for their loans and services. Given their size and reach, the institutions would probably come under greater scrutiny from federal regulators. Some small and midsize banks, already under pressure, might have little choice but to seek suitors. The talks intensified on Sunday after a weekend of tense negotiations in Washington over a $700 billion rescue for the banking industry. Only days earlier, federal regulators seized and sold the nation’s largest savings and loan, Washington Mutual, in one of a series of important deals that have reshaped the financial landscape. As the credit crisis has deepened, a consolidation in the financial industry that analysts have predicted for years seems to be playing out in a matter of weeks. The impact will be felt on Main Street, Wall Street and in Washington. While the tie-ups may restore confidence in the industry, they also could leave a handful of big lenders to determine fees and interest rates on everything from home mortgages to credit cards to checking accounts. Some small and midsize banks may be unable to compete with these behemoths. But a Wells-Wachovia deal also could shift the center of power in the banking industry further from New York. JPMorgan, which bought Seattle-based WaMu, is based in Manhattan. But Bank of America, which recently acquired Merrill Lynch, is based in Charlotte, N.C. And Wells, which is seeking to buy Charlotte-based Wachovia, is based in San Francisco. Wells and Wachovia have been the subject of merger speculation for years. But Wachovia, like WaMu, has been hobbled by bad mortgages, making a merger more urgent and prompting federal regulators to push for a quick sale. Wachovia’s share price has plunged nearly 74 percent this year. In the last two weeks, Wachovia had entered into discussions with several possible suitors. After the collapse of Lehman Brothers, Wachovia held talks with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley and put out inquiries to other banks, according to people close to the situation. Last week, it held discussions with Citigroup, Wells Fargo and Banco Santander of Spain, before the foreign bank’s interested cooled. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. As lawmakers worked in Washington on the financial bailout this weekend, Wachovia executives huddled in the Seagram Building offices of Sullivan & Cromwell on Park Avenue. Robert K. Steel, a former top lieutenant of Henry M. Paulson Jr. at both Goldman Sachs and then the Treasury Department, who took over as Wachovia’s chief executive in July, arrived in New York to handle the negotiations in person, along with David M. Carroll, the bank’s chief deal maker. At 8:15 am. on Saturday, Citigroup and Wells took their first peek at Wachovia’s books. Regulators pressed the parties to move quickly. Senior officials at the Federal Reserve in Washington, and its branches in New York, Richmond and San Francisco held weekend discussions with all the banks involved. Top officials at the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Treasury were also in the loop. Timothy F. Geithner, the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, personally reached out to executives involved in the process to assess the situation and spur it along. Citigroup and Wells pressed regulators to seize Wachovia and let them buy its assets and deposits, as JPMorgan did with WaMu, or provide some sort of financial guarantee, as regulators did with JP Morgan’s acquisition of Bear Stearns, according to people briefed on and involved with the process. Both Citigroup and Wells Fargo are deeply concerned about absorbing Wachovia’s giant loan portfolio, which is littered with bad mortgages, these people said. Bankers had little time to assess the risk. Citigroup and Wells Fargo were unlikely to bid more than a few dollars per share for Wachovia, substantially less than the $10-a-share price where its stock was trading on Friday, according to people briefed on the talks. For Wells Fargo, a deal would extend its branch banking network across the Mississippi River, creating a nationwide franchise that would compete with Bank of America and JPMorgan Chase. Citigroup executives consider Wachovia a make-or-break deal for their consumer banking ambitions. If Citigroup were to buy Wachovia, it would gain one of the preeminent retail bank operations after struggling to build one for years. It would also give Citigroup access to more stable customer deposits, allowing it to rely less heavily on outside investors for funds. If Citigroup fails to clinch a deal, its domestic retail operations would be far behind Bank of America and JPMorgan Chase. Vikram S. Pandit, Citigroup’s chief executive, was personally overseeing the talks. With a big presence in California, where home prices have fallen particularly sharply, Wells Fargo has suffered big losses on mortgages and credit card loans. But Wells, unlike many banks, maintained relatively high lending standards, so it has not been crippled by the bust like many of its big competitors. Wachovia, by contrast, has been ravaged. Its 2006 purchase of Golden West Financial, a California lender specializing in so-called pay-option mortgages, has proved disastrous. The bank also faces mounting losses on loans made to home builders and commercial real estate developers, and its acquisition of A. G. Edwards, a retail brokerage firm, turned out to be problematic. In June, Wachovia’s board ousted G. Kennedy Thompson, the bank’s longtime chief executive. | Low | [
0.501103752759381,
28.375,
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"At the same time, we are going to work to support the aspirations of the Iranian people for freedom in their country." Ms. Rice says, "No one wants to deny the Iranian people or the Iranian nation civil nuclear power": "Many different options have been put before Iran. They have chosen to isolate themselves instead. And in a year of peaceful and patient efforts, the United States has broadened the diplomatic consensus on the threat posed by Iran's nuclear program. We've successfully convinced Russia and China and India and Brazil and Egypt and many others to send the issue to the [United Nations] Security Council." The Iranian government, says Ms. Rice, "has now crossed a point where they are in open defiance": "Let me be perfectly clear, the international community is going to have to act, and act decisively, if Iran is to know that there is a consequence for their open defiance of the international community . . . . But we also want to try not to hurt the Iranian people. So, I think you will see us walk a fine line in what actions we take." Secretary of State Rice says the United Nations, the International Atomic Energy Agency, and others are "not debating whether Iran should have civil nuclear power, but how to safely do so without a proliferation risk." The preceding was an editorial reflecting the views of the United States Government. | Mid | [
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'''Git''' is a free and open source distributed version control system, and LUG@UCLA's preferred method of sharing source code. LUG@UCLA hosts official LUG software projects at the address above. If you are working on a LUG related project, please consider using this repository. If you just want to host your personal project, follow our tutorial for setting up gitweb in your public [[Web Hosting|web space]] (an example of this would be [https://linux.ucla.edu/~sankeytm/gitweb Troy's gitweb]). + '''Git''' is a free and open source distributed version control system, and LUG@UCLA's preferred method of sharing source code. LUG@UCLA hosts official LUG software projects at the address above. If you are working on a LUG related project, see how to [[Creating a LUG repo|create a LUG repository]]. − For creating an official LUG@UCLA Git repository, [[Creating a LUG repo|follow this guide]]. + If you just want to host your personal project, follow our tutorial for setting up Gitweb in your public [[Web Hosting|web space]] (an example of this would be [https://linux.ucla.edu/~sankeytm/gitweb Troy's gitweb]). Latest revision as of 21:59, 9 November 2013 Git is a free and open source distributed version control system, and LUG@UCLA's preferred method of sharing source code. LUG@UCLA hosts official LUG software projects at the address above. If you are working on a LUG related project, see how to create a LUG repository. If you just want to host your personal project, follow our tutorial for setting up Gitweb in your public web space (an example of this would be Troy's gitweb). | High | [
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[Nutcracker syndrome: a difficult case of recurrent gross hematuria]. The Nutcracker Syndrome (NS) is an uncommon clinical condition caused by compression and entrapment of the renal vein (LRV) as it passes through the angle between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the aorta (meso-aortic angle). Intermittent macrohematuria, left peripelvic and gonadal vein varices and aspecific abdominal pain may be common manifestations of this syndrome. A 15-year-old white boy developed recurrent macrohaematuria in June 2002. He had a history of upper respiratory infection prior the first episode of gross hematuria followed by 4 other episodes of macrohematuria 'sine causa'. Blood pressure and renal function were normal. Routine laboratory tests showed only an increase in serum LDH levels (901 IU/L) with negative Coombs' test, both direct and indirect, and absence of schistocytes in the blood smear. Renal ultrasonography showed normal kidneys while an intravenous pyelography showed a 'minus' in the right ureter. For this reason, a cystoscopy and a retrograde pielography were performed but resulted normal. A renal biopsy was carried out because of the presence of one episode of post-infective macrohaematuria, but light microscopy and immunofluorescence examinations were found to be normal. Renal ultrasonography and Color Doppler ultrasonography (CD-USG) oriented our diagnosis towards NS. An abdominal computerised tomography (CT) scan confirmed that the LRV was compressed between the aorta and the SMA. NS cannot be diagnosed with routine diagnostic methods. Endoscopic and radiological methods may provide some clues for the presence of NS, while CD-USG may be considered to be the first level non-invasive method for diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of this test for diagnosing NS is reported as being 78% and 94%, respectively. The best treatment available for this syndrome is still being debated. | High | [
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Product Specifications SKU 62975_nitro175sport Console Type NA Cover Attachment Trailer Straps Trolling Motor YES Snap Count 0 Pole Count 1 Fitment Fitment confirmations are tested on boats, as they come stock from the boat manufacturer, if you have made any modifications to the boat or have added any accessories (rod holders, fish finders, trolling motors), this may impact the fit, or prevent the product from fitting. It is your responsibility as the boat owner, to determine if the cover will fit based off the knowledge or images you provide our experts. If you have any questions, please contact our product specialists to determine whether a cover will fit your application, by clicking here or call 800-550-7655 NITRO - NITRO 175 SPORT - BOAT COVER - 1999 NITRO - NITRO 175 SPORT - BOAT COVER - 2000 NITRO - NITRO 175 SPORT - BOAT COVER - 2001 NITRO - NITRO 175 SPORT - BOAT COVER - 2002 NITRO - NITRO 175 SPORT - BOAT COVER - 2003 Reviews Sign up to Dowco Marine's newsletter list and be the first to know about new releases, sales and special offers! Free Shipping on Most Orders! A $75 flat fee will be applied to all orders with aluminum or stainless steel framing. Shipping fees apply to all orders outside of the 48 continental states. | Mid | [
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--- author: - Yi Liao - 'and Xiao-Dong Ma' bibliography: - 'refs.bib' title: 'An explicit construction of the dimension-9 operator basis in the standard model effective field theory' --- Introduction {#sec1} ============ The standard model has been verified to be a good effective field theory that works successfully below the electroweak scale $\Lambda_{\rm EW}$ of a few hundreds GeV. The null result in searching for new particles implies that new physics which presumably holds the key to tiny neutrino masses and fundamental issues such as origin of spontaneous symmetry breaking should exist at a scale $\Lambda_{\rm NP}$ significantly higher than $\Lambda_{\rm EW}$. In this circumstance the new physics effects in currently available experiments may be comfortably described by an effective field theory defined between the above two scales. This effective field theory, termed the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT), contains exclusively the dynamical degrees of freedom in the standard model (SM) and respects its gauge symmetry $SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$. While the standard model (SM) interactions are dominant, effective interactions originating from new physics are important and interesting – they could modify SM predictions in precision measurements or induce new physical effects that break accidental symmetries in SM such as baryon and lepton number conservation. They therefore deserve a persistent and systematic investigation. The effective interactions appear as higher-dimensional operators with effective couplings called Wilson coefficients. While the higher-dimensional operators in SMEFT are determined in terms of the SM fields and gauge symmetry, their Wilson coefficients are completely unknown and encode the information of new physics lying at a high scale $\Lambda_{\rm NP}$. To bridge the measurements at low energies to new physics at a high scale, an important task is to establish a basis of operators at each dimension and analyze their renormalization group evolution between the two scales. While the unique dimension-5 (dim-5) operator [@Weinberg:1979sa] has been known for a long time, the bases for even higher dimensional operators have only been established in recent years. At dimension 6, there are 63 independent operators without counting fermion flavors [@Abbott:1980zj; @Buchmuller:1985jz; @Grzadkowski:2010es], among which 59 conserve both lepton and baryon numbers and the other 4 violate both by one unit ($\Delta L=\Delta B=\pm1$). At dimension 7 it turns out that there are 12 operators that violate lepton number by two units ($\Delta L=\pm 2$) and 6 operators that violate both lepton and baryon numbers by one unit ($-\Delta L=\Delta B=\pm1$) [@Lehman:2014jma; @Liao:2016hru]. For the first time the flavor relations among effective operators start to become nontrivial making counting of independent operators complicated. As the dimension increases further, even counting of complete and independent operators becomes difficult. Fortunately, there is an approach based on the Hilbert series (HS) [@Jenkins:2009dy; @Hanany:2010vu] that can be used to enumerate the total number of independent operators for a given configuration of fields at each dimension [@Lehman:2015via; @Lehman:2015coa; @Henning:2015alf; @Henning:2017fpj]; automatic tools based on the HS have been developed [@Henning:2015alf], see Refs. [@Gripaios:2018zrz; @Criado:2019ugp; @Fonseca:2019yya; @Marinissen:2020jmb] for recent efforts. Although the HS does not tell the concrete forms of operators, it is very helpful for us to exhaust all possible forms and confirm their independency as we saw in the construction of dim-7 operators [@Liao:2016hru] and very recently of dim-8 operators [@Li:2020gnx; @Murphy:2020rsh]. If there are new light particles beyond the SM that are most likely a SM singlet such as light sterile neutrinos, they must be incorporated into the framework of effective field theory thus extending the regime of the SMEFT [@Aparici:2009fh; @delAguila:2008ir; @Bhattacharya:2015vja; @Liao:2016qyd]. Our goal in this work is to push this endeavor one step further by constructing a basis of dim-9 operators in SMEFT. Some small subsets of dim-9 operators have previously appeared in the literature focusing on processes of specific interest, including the operators related to Majorana neutrino mass and nuclear neutrinoless double beta decays ($0\nu\beta\beta$) [@Babu:2001ex; @deGouvea:2007qla; @Graesser:2016bpz; @Gustafsson:2020bou], the operators contributing to neutron-antineutron ($n-\bar n$) oscillation [@Rao:1983sd; @Caswell:1982qs; @Rinaldi:2018osy], and those relevant to rare nucleon decays [@Weinberg:1980bf; @Weldon:1980gi; @Hambye:2017qix]. This work provides the first systematic investigation on the basis of complete and independent dim-9 operators, and would serve as the starting point for further physical analysis. This paper is organized as follows. In section \[sec2\], we will set up our notations and conventions, and summarize various identities to be used for the reduction of redundant operators. In section \[sec3\], we will establish the basis for dim-9 operators in SMEFT. We will illustrate class by class as shown in table \[tab1\] how to perform the reduction to reach the final basis given in tables \[tab:LV1\]-\[tab:BV3\]. We summarize our main results and mention very briefly possible phenomenology related to dim-9 operators in section \[sec4\]. For operators with flavor symmetries we summarize their flavor relations in appendix \[app:flavorsymmetry\], which have helped us count operators independently of the HS approach and thus confirm our basis. Preliminaries {#sec2} ============= We start with some notations and conventions. The SMEFT is an effective field theory above the electroweak scale $\Lambda_{\rm EW}$ but far below some new physics scale $\Lambda_{\rm NP}$. It inherits the SM gauge group $SU(3)_C\otimes SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_Y$ and field contents: the $n_f(=3)$ generations of left-handed lepton and quark doublet fields $L(1,2,-1/2)$, $Q(3,2,1/6)$ and right-handed up-type quark, down-type quark and charged lepton singlet fields $u(3,1,2/3)$, $d(3,1,-1/3)$, $e(1,1,-1)$, and the Higgs doublet $H(1,2,1/2)$. Its effective Lagrangian contains the SM Lagrangian as the leading terms that is augmented by effective interactions involving operators of higher and higher dimensions. To set up our notations and conventions, we write down the SM Lagrangian: $$\begin{aligned} \label{sml} \nonumber \mathcal{L}_{\rm SM}&=& -\frac{1}{4}G^A_{\mu\nu}G^{A\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{4}W^I_{\mu\nu}W^{I\mu\nu} -\frac{1}{4}B_{\mu\nu}B^{\mu\nu} \\ &&+(D_\mu H)^\dagger(D^\mu H) -\lambda\Big(H^\dagger H-\frac{1}{2}v^2\Big)^2 \nonumber \\ &&+\sum_{\psi=Q, L, u, d, e}\overline{\psi}i \slashed{D}\psi -\left[\overline{L}Y_e e H+\overline{Q}Y_u u \tilde{H}+\overline{Q}Y_d d H +\rm{h.c.}\right]\;.\end{aligned}$$ Here the superscripts $A$ and $I$ count the generators of the gauge groups $SU(3)_C$ and $SU(2)_L$ respectively, $Y_u,~Y_d,~Y_e$ are the Yukawa couplings which are complex matrices in the flavor space, and $\tilde H=i\tau_2 H^*$. For $n_f$ generations of fermions, we label the fermion fields by the subscript Latin letters $(p,r,s,t,v,w)$; for instance, $L_p$ is the $p$-th generation left-handed lepton doublet. The covariant derivative is defined by $$\begin{aligned} D_\mu=\partial_\mu-ig_3 T^AG^A_\mu-ig_2T^IW^I_\mu-ig_1YB_\mu,\end{aligned}$$ where $g_{1,2,3}$ are the gauge couplings, and $Y,~T^I,~T^A$ are the generators appropriate for the fields to be acted on. We use the superscript Latin letters ($i,j,k,l,m,n$) and Greek letters ($\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\rho,\sigma,\tau$) to denote field components in the fundamental representations of $SU(2)_L$ and $SU(3)_C$ respectively. We define the following shortcuts for better presentation of operators: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber W^{\mu\nu}\equiv& W^{I\mu\nu}\tau^I\;,~ & (\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ij}\equiv& \epsilon_{ik}W^{\mu\nu}_{kj}= \epsilon_{ik}(\tau^I)_{kj} W^{I\mu\nu}\;,~ \\ G^{\mu\nu}\equiv& G^{A\mu\nu}\lambda^A\;,~ & (\epsilon G^{\mu\nu})_{\alpha\beta\gamma}\equiv&\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\tau} G^{\mu\nu}_{\tau\gamma} =\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\tau}(\lambda^A)_{\tau \gamma}G^{A\mu\nu}\;,\end{aligned}$$ where $\tau^I$ and $\lambda^A$ are the Pauli and Gell-Mann matrices, respectively. The dual field tensor is defined to be $\tilde X^{\mu\nu}=\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}X_{\rho\sigma}/2$ with $X=B,~W,~G$. We will systematically classify and construct all dim-9 operators in the next section. To construct a basis for the operators, we first generate all possible field configurations from the HS [@Henning:2015alf], i.e., all subsets of ingredients (fermion and scalar fields, covariant derivative, and gauge field strength tensors) including the number of each ingredient that together can form a gauge and Lorentz invariant dim-9 operator. Then, for each field configuration we construct explicitly complete and independent operators whose total number is consistent with the HS counting. This counting of operators is further confirmed independently by employing flavor relations described in appendix \[app:flavorsymmetry\]. The construction of operators and removal of all redundant ones is highly nontrivial because with so many ingredients which have rich Lorentz and gauge group properties one could make many apparently different but actually related contractions in Lorentz and gauge group indices. We will utilize all kinematical and algebraic weapons in our arsenal to reach the goal, which include integration by parts relations (IBP), the SM equations of motion (EoM), various Schouten identities (SI) for totally antisymmetric rank-$n$ tensors (with $n=2,3,4$), Dirac gamma matrix identities (GI), generalized Fierz identities (FI), and the Bianchi identity (BI) for gauge fields. In the rest of this section we summarize these relations and identities. Let us start with Schouten identities which are useful in relating various Lorentz and gauge contractions involving totally antisymmetric constant tensors that would look independent. For the $SU(2)$ group, we have the SIs involving the rank-2 tensor $\epsilon_{ij}$, $$\begin{aligned} &\delta_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}+\delta_{ik}\epsilon_{lj}+\delta_{il}\epsilon_{jk}=0\;, ~~ &&\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}+\epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{lj}+\epsilon_{il}\epsilon_{jk} =0\;. \label{SI:r2}\end{aligned}$$ For the $SU(3)$ group, we obtain the following SIs involving the rank-3 tensor $\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\gamma}$, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &\delta_{\alpha\beta}\epsilon_{\rho\sigma\tau} -\delta_{\alpha\rho}\epsilon_{\sigma\tau\beta} +\delta_{\alpha\sigma}\epsilon_{\tau\beta\rho} -\delta_{\alpha\tau}\epsilon_{\beta\rho\sigma}=0\;, \\ \nonumber &\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\gamma}\epsilon_{\rho\sigma\tau} -\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\rho}\epsilon_{\sigma\tau\gamma} +\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\sigma}\epsilon_{\tau\gamma\rho} -\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\tau}\epsilon_{\gamma\rho\sigma}=0\;, \\ &(\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\gamma}\epsilon_{\rho\sigma\tau} +\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\sigma}\epsilon_{\rho\tau\gamma} +\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\tau}\epsilon_{\rho\gamma\sigma}) +(\epsilon_{\alpha\sigma\tau}\epsilon_{\rho\beta\gamma} +\epsilon_{\alpha\tau\gamma}\epsilon_{\rho\beta\sigma} +\epsilon_{\alpha\gamma\sigma}\epsilon_{\rho\beta\tau})=0\;. \label{SI:r3}\end{aligned}$$ For the Lorentz group we will need the following SI involving the rank-4 tensor $\epsilon_{\rho\sigma\tau\eta}$, $$\begin{aligned} g_{\mu\nu}\epsilon_{\rho\sigma\tau\eta} +g_{\mu\rho}\epsilon_{\sigma\tau\eta\nu} +g_{\mu\sigma}\epsilon_{\tau\eta\nu\rho} +g_{\mu\tau}\epsilon_{\eta\nu\rho\sigma} +g_{\mu\eta}\epsilon_{\nu\rho\sigma\tau}=0\;. \label{SI:r4}\end{aligned}$$ Besides the above standard SIs, we will also require identities that involve generators in the fundamental representations of $SU(2)$ and $SU(3)$: $$\begin{aligned} &\epsilon_{ik}(\tau^I)_{kj}=\epsilon_{jk}(\tau^I)_{ki}\;,~ &\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\tau}(\lambda^A)_{\tau\gamma} +\epsilon_{\beta\gamma\tau}(\lambda^A)_{\tau\alpha} +\epsilon_{\gamma\alpha\tau}(\lambda^A)_{\tau\beta} =0\;,\end{aligned}$$ which imply that $$\begin{aligned} &(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ij}=(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ji}, \nonumber \\ &(\epsilon G^{\mu\nu})_{\alpha\beta\gamma} +(\epsilon G^{\mu\nu})_{\beta\gamma\alpha} +(\epsilon G^{\mu\nu})_{\gamma\alpha\beta}=0.\end{aligned}$$ Now we collect some identities for Dirac gamma matrices which will be used to simplify fermion structures: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &\sigma^{\mu\nu}=i\gamma^\mu\gamma^\nu-ig^{\mu\nu}\;, \nonumber \\ &\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}\gamma_\sigma P_\pm =\pm i(\gamma^\mu\gamma^\rho\gamma^\nu-g^{\mu\rho}\gamma^\nu -g^{\rho\nu}\gamma^\mu+g^{\mu\nu}\gamma^\rho)P_\pm\;, \nonumber \\ &\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}\sigma_{\rho\sigma}P_\pm =\mp 2i\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\pm\;, \nonumber \\ &\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\eta}\sigma^\sigma_{~\eta} P_\pm =\pm i(g^{\nu\sigma}\sigma^{\mu\rho}-g^{\mu\sigma}\sigma^{\nu\rho} -g^{\rho\sigma}\sigma^{\mu\nu})P_\pm\;, \label{GI}\end{aligned}$$ with the chiral projectors $P_\pm=(1\pm\gamma_5)/2$. The above are straightforward to derive; see, for instance Ref. [@Liao:2012uj]. These seemingly trivial identities will be applied judiciously together with the Fierz identities that we now describe. The Fierz identities are essentially identities for direct products of Dirac matrices, and become identities for products of fermion bilinears when combined with Dirac spinors. We will sometimes denote $(\overline{\psi_1}\Gamma_1\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3}\Gamma_2\psi_4)$ as $\Gamma_1\otimes\Gamma_2$ and its Fierz transformed partner $(\overline{\psi_1}\Gamma_1\psi_4)(\overline{\psi_3}\Gamma_2\psi_2)$ as $\Gamma_1\odot\Gamma_2$. In applying Fierz identities for operators it is necessary to include a minus sign when interchanging the order of two fermion fields. Our first set of Fierz identities are the standard completely contracted products of two bilinears: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &( \overline{\psi_{1}} \gamma^\mu P_\pm \psi_{2})( \overline{\psi_{3}} \gamma_\mu P_\mp\psi_{4})=-2(\overline{\psi_{1}}P_\mp \psi_{4})(\overline{\psi_{3}}P_\pm\psi_{2})\;, \\\nonumber &( \overline{\psi_{1}} \gamma^\mu P_\pm \psi_{2})( \overline{\psi_{3}} \gamma_\mu P_\pm \psi_{4})=+2(\overline{\psi_{1}}P_\mp \psi^{{\tt C}}_{3})(\overline{\psi^{{\tt C}}_{4}}P_\pm\psi_{2})\;, \\\nonumber &( \overline{\psi_{1}} \sigma^{\mu\nu} P_{\pm}\psi_{2})( \overline{\psi_{3}} \sigma_{\mu\nu} P_{\mp}\psi_{4})=0\;, \\ &( \overline{\psi_1}\sigma_{\mu\nu} P_{\pm}\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3}\sigma^{\mu\nu} P_{\pm}\psi_4)=-4(\overline{\psi_1} P_{\pm}\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3} P_{\pm}\psi_4)-8(\overline{\psi_1} P_{\pm}\psi_4)(\overline{\psi_3} P_{\pm} \psi_2)\;. \label{FI1}\end{aligned}$$ The point here is that contracted vector and tensor products are expressed exclusively in terms of products of scalar bilinears. For charge conjugation of chiral fields, we denote $\psi^{{\tt C}}_\pm\equiv(\psi_\pm)^{{\tt C}}=C\overline{\psi_\pm}^{\rm T}$, where the charge conjugation matrix $C$ satisfies $C^{\rm T}=C^\dagger=-C$ and $C^2=-1$ so that $\psi_\pm=(\psi^{{\tt C}}_\pm)^{{\tt C}}$. And for brevity we also denote $D_\mu \psi^{{{\tt C}},i\alpha}_p=(D_\mu \psi_p)^{{{\tt C}},i\alpha}$ with the superscript $x$ being the weak isospin index $i$ or color index $\alpha$ and the subscript $p$ the generation index. Our second set of FIs are, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &( \overline{\psi_1} P_\pm \psi_2)( \overline{\psi_3}P_\pm\psi_4)=-( \overline{\psi_1}P_\pm\psi_{3}^{{\tt C}})( \overline{\psi^{{\tt C}}_2}P_\pm\psi_4)-( \overline{\psi_1}P_\pm\psi_4)( \overline{\psi_3}P_\pm \psi_2)\;, \\ \nonumber &( \overline{\psi_1}\gamma^\mu P_\pm \psi_2)( \overline{\psi_3}P_\pm\psi_4)=-( \overline{\psi_1}\gamma^\mu P_\pm\psi_{3}^{{\tt C}})( \overline{\psi^{{\tt C}}_2}P_\pm\psi_4)-( \overline{\psi_1}\gamma^\mu P_\pm\psi_4)( \overline{\psi_3}P_\pm \psi_2)\;, \\ &( \overline{\psi_1}\sigma^{\mu\nu} P_\pm \psi_2)( \overline{\psi_3}P_\pm\psi_4)=-( \overline{\psi_1}\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\pm\psi_{3}^{{\tt C}})( \overline{\psi^{{\tt C}}_2}P_\pm\psi_4)-( \overline{\psi_1}\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\pm\psi_4)( \overline{\psi_3}P_\pm \psi_2)\;. \label{FI2}\end{aligned}$$ One can see the second and third ones can be obtained from the first by replacing $\overline{\psi_1}$ by $\overline{\psi_1}\gamma^\mu$ and $\overline{\psi_1}\sigma^{\mu\nu}$, respectively. Such a replacement is also valid for any other field in equations and , including the case when $\psi_i$ is a charge conjugated field $\psi^{{\tt C}}$. Finally, we will need the Bianchi identity for gauge fields. For a field strength tensor $X_{\mu\nu}$, the BI means $$\begin{aligned} D_\mu X_{\nu\rho}+D_\nu X_{\rho\mu}+D_\rho X_{\mu\nu}=0\;,~~{\rm or}~~ D_\nu \tilde X^{\mu\nu}=0\;. \label{BI}\end{aligned}$$ This will be useful in reducing operators containing both field strength tensors and covariant derivatives. Operator reduction and operator basis at dimension nine in the SMEFT {#sec3} ==================================================================== To begin with, we first run the [*Mathematica*]{} code for the HS method [@Henning:2015alf] to obtain the field configurations of dim-9 operators and to count the corresponding total number of independent operators for each field configuration satisfying gauge and Lorentz invariance. Since dim-9 operators necessarily violate baryon or lepton number or both in various ways [@Kobach:2016ami], they are non-Hermitian. These operators thus naturally fall into four sectors according to the baryon and lepton numbers they carry, without counting hermitian conjugates. We will discuss and list one half of them, and the other half is obtained by Hermitian conjugation. The operators can also be classified by their field configurations. We will use a generic fermion field $\psi$, scalar field $\varphi$ and field strength tensor $X$ to denote the SM fermions $\{Q,L,u,d,e\}$ and their conjugates, the Higgs $\{H, H^*\}$ and gauge fields $\{B,W,G\}$, respectively. These sectors and classes are displayed in table \[tab1\], together with a count of independent operators in each sector for three generations of fermions. A check mark following a class indicates that it contains baryon-number-violating operators. Our final basis for dim-9 operators is summarised in tables \[tab:LV1\], \[tab:LV2\], \[tab:LV3\], \[tab:LV4\] and \[tab:LV5\] for the sector $(\Delta B,\Delta L)=(0,2)$, the upper part of table \[tab:BV1\] for the sectors $(\Delta B,\Delta L)=(1,3),~(2,0)$, and the lower part of table \[tab:BV1\], tables \[tab:BV2\] and \[tab:BV3\] for the sector $(\Delta B,\Delta L)=(1,-1)$, respectively. In all tables, we also count the number of independent operators for $n_f$ generations of fermions, which helps to confirm our results against the HS approach. We stress again that the complete basis of dim-9 operators includes the Hermitian conjugates of all listed operators. Here we make some comments on conventions. (1) Each gauge field strength is associated with its gauge coupling, i.e., $\{g_1 B, g_2 W, g_3G\}$. (2) An imaginary unit $i$ is attached to gauge covariant derivative $D$, field strength tensor $X$, and Dirac tensor $\sigma_{\mu\nu}$, in order to avoid some superficial $i$ factors in the calculation of renormalization group effects and $S$-matrix elements. (3) Some obvious contractions of $SU(2)_L$ and $SU(3)_C$ indices by the Kronecker deltas $\delta_{ij}$ and $\delta_{\alpha\beta}$ are suppressed for brevity. In the following subsections we will illustrate our construction steps and techniques of the operator basis class by class. Our main strategy is that for field configurations involving four or six fermions we first employ FIs to fix the fermion structures, then finish $SU(2)_L$ and $SU(3)_C$ contractions, and finally exhaust insertions of covariant derivatives. Classes $\psi^2\varphi^6$, $\psi^2\varphi^4X$, and $\psi^2\varphi^2X^2$ ----------------------------------------------------------------------- The class $\psi^2\varphi^6$ has a single field configuration $L^2H^4H^{*2}$ which leads to the unique dim-9 neutrino mass operator shown in table \[tab:LV1\]. Such Majorana neutrino mass operators have been systematically classified at any dimension in [@Liao:2010ku; @Liao:2017amb]. The class $\psi^2\varphi^4X$ also has a single field configuration $L^2H^3H^*X$ with field strength $X=B,~W$. The operators are straightforward generalizations of similar dim-7 operators in the class $\psi^2\varphi^2X$ by a Higgs pair $H^\dagger H$ [@Lehman:2014jma; @Liao:2016hru]. They are also shown in table \[tab:LV1\]. The SM gauge symmetry restricts the field configuration in the class $\psi^2\varphi^2X^2$ to be $L^2H^2X^2$ with $X=B,~W,~G$. The operators follow three types of Lorentz contractions: $$\begin{aligned} &(LL)HHX_1^{\mu\nu}X_{2\mu\nu}\;, &&(LL)HHX_1^{\mu\nu}\tilde X_{2\mu\nu}\;, &&(L\sigma_{\mu\nu}L)HHX_1^{\mu\rho}X^{\nu}_{2~\rho}\;.\end{aligned}$$ Note that the tensor type with a dual field strength tensor is not independent by the last GI in equation . In addition, the tensor operator vanishes for $X_1=X_2$ by symmetry arguments, but can survive with $(X_1,X_2)=(B,W)$. The final results are shown in table \[tab:LV1\]. For the case with $X_1=X_2=W$, the following identities are used to reduce redundant operators due to different $SU(2)_L$ contractions, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ij}(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{kl}=(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ik}(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{jl} -\epsilon_{il}\epsilon_{jk}W^I_{\mu\nu} W^{I,\mu\nu}\;, \\ &(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ij}(\epsilon \tilde W^{\mu\nu})_{kl}=(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ik}(\epsilon \tilde W^{\mu\nu})_{jl} -\epsilon_{il}\epsilon_{jk}W^I_{\mu\nu}\tilde W^{I,\mu\nu}\;. \end{aligned}$$ Their proofs are straightforward using the second SI in equation . The operators in the class $\psi^2\varphi^2X^2$ can contribute directly to the Majorana neutrino-photon scattering which has been studied in Ref. [@Liao:2020zyx]. Classes $\psi^4\varphi X$ and $\psi^4\varphi^3$ ----------------------------------------------- The operators in the class $\psi^4\varphi X$ are first classified according to their fermion structures which are a product of two bilinears. Since the field strength tensor has two Lorentz indices, we have three possible structures: the scalar-tensor ($ST$), vector-vector ($VV$), and tensor-tensor ($TT$) ones, which can be generically parameterized as follows: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{ST}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\psi_2) (\overline{\psi_3}\sigma_{\mu\nu}\psi_4)X^{\mu\nu}\varphi\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{VV}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2) (\overline{\psi_3}\gamma_\nu\psi_4)X^{\mu\nu}\varphi\;,~ \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{TT}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\sigma_{\mu\rho} \psi_2) (\overline{\psi_3}\sigma^{\rho}_{~\nu}\psi_4)X^{\mu\nu}\varphi\;.\end{aligned}$$ However, we find the last two can be transformed into the first one by the FIs: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &(2\gamma_\mu P_\pm \otimes \gamma_\nu P_\mp)X^{\mu\nu} =i\left(\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\mp\odot P_\pm-P_\mp\odot \sigma^{\mu\nu} P_\pm \right)X^{\mu\nu}\;, \\ &(\sigma_{\mu\rho}P_\pm \otimes \sigma^{~\rho}_{\nu}P_\mp)X^{\mu\nu}=0\;,~ \nonumber \\ &(\sigma_{\mu\rho}P_\pm \otimes \sigma^{~\rho}_{\nu}P_\pm)X^{\mu\nu} =i\left(\sigma_{\mu\nu}P_\pm \odot P_\pm-P_\pm \odot \sigma_{\mu\nu} P_\pm \right)X^{\mu\nu}\;. \label{FI3}\end{aligned}$$ Therefore, we only need to consider ${\cal O}_{ST}$. Note in addition that ${\cal O}_{ST}$ with a dual tensor $\tilde X$ in place is equivalent to ${\cal O}_{ST}$ due to the third GI in equation . Taking the SM field contents into consideration and from the HS output we can write down independent operators in each field configuration that are allowed by the SM gauge symmetry. For some field configurations with multiple $SU(2)_L$ doublets there are many apparently independent ways to perform $SU(2)_L$ contractions which would yield redundant operators. Those redundant operators can be reduced by the SIs in equation and the following derived identities involving the $SU(2)_L$ field strength tensor $W$, $$\begin{aligned} &\epsilon_{ij}(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{kl}=\epsilon_{il}(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{jk}-\epsilon_{jl}(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{ik}\;,~ \nonumber \\ &\delta_{ij}(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{kl}=\delta_{ik}(\epsilon W^{\mu\nu})_{jl}-(W^{\mu\nu})_{il}\epsilon_{jk}\;. \label{SIW}\end{aligned}$$ In addition, FIs in equation and its generalizations (e.g., by replacing $\psi_2$ by $\sigma_{\mu\nu}\psi_2$ in the first identity in equation ) are also required to reduce redundant operators when identical fermions are present. The final results are listed in table \[tab:LV1\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector and table \[tab:BV1\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector. As an example of the above manipulations, we consider the following operator from the field configuration $Qd^*L^2HB$: $$\begin{aligned} &~~~~~~\epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl}(\overline{d_p}\sigma_{\mu\nu} L^i_r) (\overline{Q^{{{\tt C}},j}_s}L^k_t)H^lB^{\mu\nu} \nonumber \\ &\overset{\rm SI}{=} +\epsilon_{il}\epsilon_{jk}(\overline{d_p}\sigma_{\mu\nu} L^i_r) (\overline{Q^{{{\tt C}},j}_s}L^k_t)H^lB^{\mu\nu}+{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB3}^{prst} \nonumber \\ &\overset{\rm FI}{=}-\epsilon_{il}\epsilon_{jk} (\overline{d_p}\sigma_{\mu\nu} Q^j_s)(\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}_r}L^k_t)H^lB^{\mu\nu} +{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB3}^{prst}+{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB3}^{ptsr} \nonumber \\ &\overset{\rm FI}{=} -\epsilon_{il}\epsilon_{jk} (\overline{d_p}L^i_r)(\overline{Q^{{{\tt C}},j}_s}\sigma_{\mu\nu}L^k_t)H^lB^{\mu\nu} +{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB3}^{prst}+{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB3}^{ptsr}+{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB1}^{prst} \nonumber \\ &\overset{\rm SI}{=} +{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB3}^{prst}+{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB3}^{ptsr}+{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB1}^{prst} +{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB1}^{ptsr}-{{\cal O}}_{dLQLHB2}^{prst}\;,\end{aligned}$$ where the first FI refers to the third FI in equation and the second FI is obtained by treating $\sigma_{\mu\nu}Q^j_s$ as $\psi_2$ in the first FI in equation . The four-fermion part in the class $\psi^4\varphi^3$ can always be written as a product of two scalar bilinears by FIs summarised in equation . Taking the SM field contents into consideration and from the HS output, we can readily write down the operators for each allowed field configuration. The final results are shown in table \[tab:LV2\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector and table \[tab:BV1\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector, respectively. In obtaining the basis, SIs in equation should be repeatedly implemented to reduce redundant operators arising from various $SU(2)_L$ contractions among multiple $SU(2)_L$ doublets. One can show that any other operators in this class can be expressed as linear combinations of the listed operators with the aid of FIs in equations - and SIs in equation . Class $\psi^6$ -------------- We first show that all operators in this class can be written as a product of three scalar fermion bilinears ($SSS$). This is realized by the following FIs applied to three bilinears: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber (\sigma^{\mu\rho} P_{\pm}\otimes\sigma^{~~\nu}_{\rho}P_{\mp}) \otimes \sigma_{\mu\nu}P_{\pm} =&0, \\ \nonumber (\sigma^{\mu\rho} P_{\pm}\otimes\sigma^{~~\nu}_{\rho}P_{\pm}) \otimes \sigma_{\mu\nu}P_{\pm} =& i\left(\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\pm\odot P_\pm-P_\pm\odot \sigma^{\mu\nu} P_\pm \right)\otimes \sigma_{\mu\nu}P_{\pm}, \\ \nonumber 2(\gamma^\mu P_{\pm}\otimes\gamma^\nu P_{\mp}) \otimes \sigma_{\mu\nu}P_{\pm}=& i\left(\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\mp\odot P_\pm-P_\mp\odot \sigma^{\mu\nu} P_\pm \right)\otimes \sigma_{\mu\nu}P_{\pm}, \\ \nonumber \gamma_\mu P_{\pm}\otimes(\gamma_\nu P_{\pm}\otimes \sigma^{\mu\nu}P_{\pm}) =&i\gamma_\mu P_{\pm}\otimes \left(\gamma^\mu P_\pm \otimes P_\pm +2\gamma^\mu P_\pm \odot P_\pm \right)\;, \\ \gamma_\mu P_{\pm}\otimes(\gamma_\nu P_{\pm}\otimes \sigma^{\mu\nu}P_{\mp}) =&-i \gamma_\mu P_{\pm}\otimes\left(\gamma^\mu P_\pm \otimes P_\mp +2 P_\mp \odot \gamma^\mu P_\pm \right)\;. \label{FI4}\end{aligned}$$ The terms on the right-hand side only involve $VVS$ or $TTS$ bilinears which can be further transformed into $SSS$ structures by FIs in equation . We therefore conclude that all possible dim-9 six-fermion operators can be written as a pure $SSS$ bilinear form. Nevertheless, in the sector $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ for operators involving four quarks and two leptons, we do not fully follow this convention, but prefer to parameterize operators as a quark-lepton separated form in order to compare easily with the results in the literature (see table \[tab:LV3\]). For other sectors with baryon number violation we parameterize operators in the pure scalar form as shown in table \[tab:BV1\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(2,0)$ and $(1,3)$ sectors and table \[tab:BV2\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector (except for the two operators ${\cal O}_{LLeudd}$ and ${\cal O}_{LQdddu}$ which have an $STT$ structure). Due to the complexity of operators in the $\psi^6$ class, we analyze each sector separately to confirm our results. [$\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector]{} From the HS output the field configurations in this sector can be further divided into three cases: operators with six leptons, operators with two quarks and four leptons, and operators with four quarks and two leptons, which are separated by thick lines in table \[tab:LV2\]. For operators with six leptons the only field configuration is $L^4ee^*$ which leads to the unique scalar-type operator shown in table \[tab:LV2\]. For operators with two quarks and four leptons, there are four field configurations all of which are written as a scalar. Finally, for operators with four quarks and two leptons, we parameterize them as a quark-lepton separated form except for the configuration $u^2d^{*2}e^2$. The completeness and independence of the operators for each allowed field configuration is guaranteed by FIs in equations , , , and SIs in equation . In Ref. [@Babu:2001ex], Babu and Leung listed 12 six-fermion field configurations that violate lepton number by two units but missed $u^2d^{*2}e^2$. For the field configuration $Qd^*L^3e^*$, we find two independent operators instead of one as given in that reference. For the configuration $Q^{*2}u^2L^2$, Ref. [@Babu:2001ex] claims 4 operators after considering two different color contractions in the four-quark part, but we only obtain 2 independent operators. In addition, Refs. [@Graesser:2016bpz; @He:2020jly] list part of operators contributing to the nuclear and kaon neutrinoless double beta decays, respectively. [$\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(2,0)$ sector]{} The SM gauge symmetry restricts the field configurations in this sector to be $d^2Q^4$, $d^3Q^2u$, and $d^6u^2$. One first uses FIs to fix the scalar structures, and then performs the $SU(2)_L$ contractions. Finally, the color contractions have to be considered carefully due to SIs involving two totally antisymmetric tensors in equation . We find there are 5 operators after considering all algebraic identities which are given at the top of table \[tab:BV1\]. In appendix \[app:flavorsymmetry\], we derive flavor relations for each operator to confirm our counting of operators for the $n_f$-generation case. Restricting ourselves to the first generation of fermions, there are 4 operators which contribute potentially to the neutron-antineutron oscillation as considered previously in [@Rao:1983sd; @Caswell:1982qs]. [$\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,3)$ sector]{} There are only two field configurations $L^3Qu^2$ and $L^2eu^3$ by the SM gauge symmetry, and each of them fits into one scalar structure shown in table \[tab:BV1\]. One can see these operators vanish for one generation of fermions, as had been remarked by Weinberg in Ref. [@Weinberg:1980bf]. [$\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector]{} The field configurations in this sector are divided into two cases with either three quarks plus three leptons or five quarks plus one lepton as separated by a thick line in table \[tab:BV2\]. For the former case, there are six field configurations which are completely covered by seven generic operators. In Ref. [@Hambye:2017qix] however, the authors listed sixteen operators, many of which we find to be redundant by the use of the first FI in equation . For the latter case, we have to consider the first SI in equation to exclude redundant operators due to various color contractions. With the compact operator basis given in table \[tab:BV2\], any other operators formed for each field configuration can be transformed into the list by FIs and SIs. Classes $\psi^2\varphi^5D$ and $\psi^2\varphi^3XD$ -------------------------------------------------- The SM gauge symmetry only allows the field configuration $LeH^4H^*D$ in the class $\psi^2\varphi^5D$ which yields a unique operator, while it singles out the field configuration $eLH^3XD$ in the class $\psi^2\varphi^3XD$ with $X$ being either $B$ or $W$. These operators are shown in table \[tab:LV2\]. Caution must be practised when constructing operators with $X=W$ as it is necessary to remove redundancy by the identity in equation . Class $\psi^4\varphi^2D$ ------------------------ Lorentz invariance apparently requires the four-fermion part to be either a scalar-vector or a tensor-vector combination: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{SV}:~ (\overline{\psi_1}\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3}\gamma_\mu \psi_4)\varphi^2 D^\mu\;,~ && {\cal O}_{TV}:~ (\overline{\psi_1}\sigma_{\mu\nu}\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3}\gamma^\mu \psi_4)\varphi^2 D^\nu\;.\end{aligned}$$ However, the structure ${\cal O}_{TV}$ can be transformed into ${\cal O}_{SV}$ by the following FIs, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber i\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\mp \otimes \gamma_\nu P_\pm =P_\mp \otimes \gamma^\mu P_\pm +2 \gamma^\mu P_\pm \odot P_\mp, \\ i\sigma^{\nu\mu}P_\pm \otimes \gamma_\nu P_\pm =P_\pm \otimes \gamma^\mu P_\pm +2 P_\pm\odot \gamma^\mu P_\pm. \label{FI5}\end{aligned}$$ It is thus sufficient to focus on the structure ${\cal O}_{SV}$. Now we attach the covariant derivative $D^\mu$ to an appropriate field. With IBP we choose $\psi_1$ to be derivative free, and with EoM we avoid associating $D^\mu$ with the vector current, so that it acts on either $\psi_2$ or the scalar field. The final operators in this class are listed in table \[tab:LV3\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector and table \[tab:BV2\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector. In reaching the listed operators for each field configuration, we have employed FIs in equation and their variants to remove redundant operators arising from the exchange of fermions in the two bilinears. In addition, the SI for the rank-2 totally antisymmetric tensor in equation is also useful to reduce operators due to apparently different $SU(2)_L$ contractions. We take the field configuration $L^2ee^*H^2D$ in the $(\Delta B,\Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector to illustrate our main points outlined above. Before attaching $D^\mu$ to a specific field, the structure ${\cal O}_{SV}$ appears as, $$\begin{aligned} \epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl}(\overline{e}L^i)(\overline{e^{{{\tt C}}}}\gamma_\mu L^j) H^kH^l D^\mu.\end{aligned}$$ In this example the $SU(2)_L$ contraction is unique, and the other operator with two $L$s in the same bilinear can be transformed into the above one by the FIs shown in equation and equation . Now we attach $D^\mu$ to a field. By excluding EoM terms and considering IBP relations, we can act $D^\mu$ on $H^k$, $H^l$ or $L^i$. The former two cases lead directly to the two operators shown in table \[tab:LV3\]. The latter case can be recast by the second FI in equation into a symmetric form with the two $L$s in the same bilinear. We thus obtain three operators for this field configuration in the general flavor case. In a similar fashion we can work out all other field configurations. Class $\psi^4XD$ ---------------- By Lorentz invariance the four-fermion part can be a vector-scalar or vector-tensor combination, so that we have the following four possible structures: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{VS}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4) X^{\mu\nu}D_\nu\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{VTa}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4)X^{\nu\rho}D^\mu\;, \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{VTb}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4)X^{\mu\rho}D^\nu\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{VTc}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma^{\mu\rho}\psi_4)X_{\nu\rho}D^\nu\;.\end{aligned}$$ The field strength tensor $X$ can also be its dual $\tilde X$ for ${\cal O}_{VS}$, while for ${\cal O}_{VTa,b,c}$ the dual case is reducible to the above four structures by GIs in equation . As a matter of fact, we will show below that all structures ${\cal O}_{VTa,b,c}$ can be reduced to the structure ${\cal O}_{VS}$. We start with ${\cal O}_{VTc}$, which is easily reduced to the $VS$ structure by FI in equation . For ${\cal O}_{VTa,b}$, we assume that $\psi_{2,3,4}$ have the same chirality; if this is not the case, we rewrite $(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)=-(\overline{\psi_2^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu \psi_1^{{\tt C}})$ so that $\psi_1^{{\tt C}}$ has the same chirality as $\psi_{3,4}$. It is easy to see that there are two operators for ${\cal O}_{VTa}$ that are free of EoM and IBP relations, $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{VTa1}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{D^\mu\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4)X^{\nu\rho}\;,~ {\cal O}_{VTa2}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}D^\mu\psi_4)X^{\nu\rho}\;.\end{aligned}$$ By a generalized FI as in equation , ${\cal O}_{VTa1}$ can be recast as $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{VTa1}=-(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu D^\mu\psi_3)(\overline{\psi_2^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4)X^{\nu\rho} -(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4 )(\overline{\psi_2^{{\tt C}}}D^\mu\psi_3)X^{\nu\rho}\;,\end{aligned}$$ where the first term reduces to EoM operators and the second to $VS$ operators by the GI involving three gamma matrices in equation . A similar manipulation applies to ${\cal O}_{VTa2}$. For ${\cal O}_{VTb}$, when $D^\nu$ acts on $\psi_{3,4}$ it reduces to scalar structures and EoM operators by the GIs in equation . Therefore, with IBP relations, there are also two possible operators, $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{VTb1}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu D^\nu\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4)X^{\mu\rho}\;, &&{\cal O}_{VTb2}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4)D^\nu X^{\mu\rho}\;.\end{aligned}$$ However, after the use of BI in equation that is followed by the IBP and EoM procedure, ${\cal O}_{VTb2}$ actually reduces to ${\cal O}_{VTa1,a2}$ which are themselves reducible. For ${\cal O}_{VTb1}$, the reduction to the $VS$ structure is similar to ${\cal O}_{VTa1,a2}$. This establishes our claim that all operators in this class are covered by the $VS$ structure ${\cal O}_{VS}$. We now consider the insertion of a covariant derivative in ${\cal O}_{VS}$. Upon excluding EoM operators and making $\psi_4$ derivative free by IBP, we obtain six possible operators, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{VS1}=(\overline{D_\nu \psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4) X^{\mu\nu}\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{VS2}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu D_\nu\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4)X^{\mu\nu}\;,~ \\ \nonumber &{\cal O}_{VS3}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{D_\nu\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4) X^{\mu\nu}\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{VS4}=(\overline{D_\nu\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4) \tilde X^{\mu\nu}\;,~ \\ &{\cal O}_{VS5}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu D_\nu\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4) \tilde X^{\mu\nu}\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{VS6}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{D_\nu\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4) \tilde X^{\mu\nu}\;.\end{aligned}$$ The operators ${\cal O}_{VS4,5}$ are reducible due to the second GI in equation and by the use of the EoMs of $\psi_{1,2}$. This leaves us with the operators ${\cal O}_{VS1,2,3,6}$ which may have the field configurations $ud^*L^2XD$, $d^3e^*XD$, and $Qd^2L^*XD$. To obtain the minimal set of independent operators, it is necessary to employ the FI in equation and the SI in equation . Our final results are shown in table \[tab:LV4\] for $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ and table \[tab:BV3\] for $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sectors respectively. Class $\psi^2\varphi^4D^2$ -------------------------- Gauge invariance requires the field configurations in this class to be either $e^2H^4D^2$ or $L^2H^* H^3D^2$. For $e^2H^4D^2$, one readily gets a unique operator as shown in table \[tab:LV4\]. For $L^2H^* H^3D^2$, we first consider $SU(2)_L$ contractions which take the unique form $\epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl}(H^\dagger H)L^i L^jH^k H^l D^2$ before inserting covariant derivatives into proper positions. Next, we consider the fermion bilinear which can take either a scalar or a tensor type: $$\begin{aligned} \epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl}(H^\dagger H) (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}} L^j)H^k H^l D^\mu D_\mu \;, ~ \epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl}(H^\dagger H) (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma_{\mu\nu} L^j)H^k H^l D^\mu D^\nu \;.\end{aligned}$$ Now we attach covariant derivatives to fields to form specific operators. For the tensor type, the operators with a derivative acting on the lepton field $L$ can be reduced to the scalar ones or EoM operators by the first GI in equation which gives the relation $i\sigma_{\mu\nu}D^\mu L=(D_\nu-\gamma_\nu\slashed{D})L$, and can therefore be discarded. By IBP we can arrange $H^*$ to be derivative free, so that we have two possible non-trivial tensor-type operators, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{T1}=\epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl}(H^\dagger D_\mu H) (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma_{\mu\nu} L^j)D^\nu H^k H^l \;,~ \\ &{\cal O}_{T2}=\epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl}(H^\dagger H) (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma_{\mu\nu} L^j)D_\mu H^kD_\nu H^l \;.\end{aligned}$$ However, by successive application of SIs in equation one finds ${\cal O}_{T2}^{pr}=-({\cal O}_{T1}^{pr}+p\leftrightarrow r)$ so that only ${\cal O}_{T1}$ remains as a tensor operator. For the scalar-type operators, after consideration of IBP (again with $H^*$ to be derivative free), EoM and identical fields, we find five independent operators. All of these six operators for this field configuration are also given in table \[tab:LV4\]. Class $\psi^2\varphi^2XD^2$ --------------------------- Gauge invariance requires the field configuration to be $L^2H^2XD^2$ with the field strength tensor $X=B,~W$. Before attaching covariant derivatives to specific fields, we have the following three types of possibly independent structures in terms of fermion bilinears and Lorentz contractions: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{S}:~\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl}(\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}L^j)H^k H^lD^\mu D^\nu\;, \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{Ta}:~\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl}(\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma^{\mu\nu}L^j)H^k H^lD_\alpha D^\alpha\;, \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{Tb}:~\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\rho})_{jl}(\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma_{\nu}^{~\rho}L^j)H^k H^l D^\mu D^\nu\;,\end{aligned}$$ with $(\epsilon B_{\mu\rho})_{jl}=B_{\mu\rho}\epsilon_{jl}$. All other $SU(2)_L$ contractions can be transformed into the above ones by SIs in equation . For the scalar structure ${\cal O}_{S}$, the field strength tensor can also be its dual $\tilde X^{\mu\nu}$, while for the tensor structures ${\cal O}_{Ta,b}$ the cases with a dual field strength tensor can be transformed into ${\cal O}_{Ta,b}$ by GIs involving $\epsilon_{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}$ in equation . In the following we try to keep operators in the scalar structure as many as possible by reducing operators in tensor structures. We start with ${\cal O}_{Tb}$. With either $D^\mu$ or $D^\nu$ acting on a lepton field it can be reduced into ${\cal O}_{S}$ and/or ${\cal O}_{Ta1}$. This is obvious for $D^\nu$ via the first GI in equation and the EoM for the lepton field. For $D^\mu$ acting on a lepton field, we rewrite $X_{\mu\rho}=-\epsilon_{\mu\rho\alpha\beta}\tilde X^{\alpha\beta}/2$ and then apply the last and first GIs in equation and the EoM for the lepton field. Furthermore, when either $D^\mu$ or $D^\nu$ acts on $X_{\mu\rho}$ it can be shifted away by the EoM or the BI in equation followed by IBP to reduce to the structure ${\cal O}_{Ta}$. In this way, after IBP and EoM we obtain one operator in ${\cal O}_{Tb}$ with each Higgs field being acted upon by one covariant derivative, $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{Tb1}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\rho})_{jl}(\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma_{\nu}^{~\rho}L^j) D^\mu H^k D^\nu H^l\;.\end{aligned}$$ Note that when $X_{\mu\rho}=B_{\mu\rho}$, ${\cal O}_{Tb1}$ is antisymmetric under the exchange of the two leptons up to EoM operators and operators covered in ${\cal O}_{S}$ and ${\cal O}_{Ta}$. Next we consider ${\cal O}_{Ta}$. Modulo IBP (with $X_{\mu\nu}$ to be derivative free) and EoM, we have the following six operators in ${\cal O}_{Ta}$: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{Ta1}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl} (\overline{D_\alpha L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma_{\mu\nu} L^j)D^\alpha H^k H^l\;,~ \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{Ta2}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl} (\overline{D_\alpha L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma^{\mu\nu} L^j) H^k D^\alpha H^l\;, \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{Ta3}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma^{\mu\nu}D_\alpha L^j)D^\alpha H^k H^l\;,~ \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{Ta4}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu} )_{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma^{\mu\nu}D_\alpha L^j) H^kD^\alpha H^l\;, \nonumber \\ & {\cal O}_{Ta5}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu}) _{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma^{\mu\nu} L^j)D_\alpha H^kD^\alpha H^l\;,~ \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{Ta6}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl}(\overline{D_\alpha L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma^{\mu\nu}D^\alpha L^j) H^k H^l\;.\end{aligned}$$ Since $\sum_{i}{\cal O}_{Tai}$ contains only EoM terms, ${\cal O}_{Ta5}$ can be excluded. Furthermore, by rewriting $X_{\mu\nu}=\epsilon_{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}\tilde X^{\rho\sigma}/4$, ${\cal O}_{Ta6}$ can be transformed into ${\cal O}_{S}$ plus EoM operators by the SI in equation and the first GI in equation . For the remaining four operators, one can easily figure out that only ${\cal O}_{Ta1,2}$ are independent for $X_{\mu\nu}=B_{\mu\nu}$, while there are three independent operators for $X_{\mu\nu}=W_{\mu\nu}$ that may be chosen as ${\cal O}_{Ta1,2,3}$ with ${\cal O}_{Ta4}$ being related to ${\cal O}_{Ta1,2,3}$ by the SI identity $\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon W_{\mu\nu})_{jl}+\epsilon_{jl}(\epsilon W_{\mu\nu})_{ik}=\epsilon_{il}(\epsilon W_{\mu\nu})_{jk}+\epsilon_{jk}(\epsilon W_{\mu\nu})_{il}$ derived from equation . At last we consider the scalar structure ${\cal O}_{S}$. Upon applying IBP (with $L^i$ being derivative free) and EoM, one obtains three operators, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{S1}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}D^\mu L^j)D^\nu H^k H^l\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{S2}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}D^\mu L^j) H^kD^\nu H^l\;,~ \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{S3}=\epsilon_{ik}(\epsilon X_{\mu\nu})_{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}} L^j)D^\mu H^k D^\nu H^l\;,\end{aligned}$$ plus three more with $X_{\mu\nu}$ being replaced by its dual. For $X_{\mu\nu}=B_{\mu\nu}$, ${\cal O}_{S1}$ can be expressed as a sum of ${\cal O}_{S2,3}$ up to EoM operators by IBP manipulation, while for $X_{\mu\nu}=W_{\mu\nu}$ the operator ${\cal O}_{S3}$ can be expressed as a sum of ${\cal O}_{S1,2}$ up to EoM operators by IBP and the above SI manipulation. In summary, we have the independent operators ${\cal O}_{S2,3}$ plus their dual cases, ${\cal O}_{Ta1,2}$, and ${\cal O}_{Tb1}$ for the field configuration $L^2H^2BD^2$, and ${\cal O}_{S1,2}$ plus their dual cases, ${\cal O}_{Ta1,2,3}$, and ${\cal O}_{Tb1}$ for $L^2H^2WD^2$. All of these operators are listed in table \[tab:LV4\] with fermion flavors counted. Class $\psi^4\varphi D^2$ ------------------------- For operators in this class one first exploits the Fierz identities to arrange the two fermion bilinears to be in the scalar or tensor form, so that there are four structures to begin with, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{SS}:~(\overline{\psi_1} \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4)\varphi D^\mu D_\mu\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{TS}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\sigma_{\mu\nu} \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4)\varphi D^\mu D^\nu\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{ST}:~(\overline{\psi_1} \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\mu\nu}\psi_4)\varphi D^\mu D^\nu\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{TT}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\sigma_{\mu\rho} \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu}^{~\rho}\psi_4)\varphi D^\mu D^\nu\;,~\end{aligned}$$ where we use $\psi_3^{{\tt C}}$ instead of $\psi_3$ because all operators violate lepton or baryon number or both. Next we attach derivatives to fields to form possible operators. To do that, we note that the tensor-tensor structure can be reduced into others and EoM operators by the following identities $$\begin{aligned} &\sigma_{\mu\rho}P_\pm\otimes \sigma_{\nu}^{~\rho}P_\mp -\mu\leftrightarrow \nu=0, \nonumber \\ &\sigma_{\mu\rho}P_\pm\otimes \sigma_{\nu}^{~\rho}P_\pm +\mu\leftrightarrow \nu=-2g_{\mu\nu}\sigma_{\rho\sigma}P_\pm \otimes \sigma^{\rho\sigma}P_\pm =8g_{\mu\nu}(P_\pm \otimes P_\pm +2P_\pm\odot P_\pm), \end{aligned}$$ together with IBP (with $\varphi$ to be derivative free), EoMs (for instance, $\overline{\psi_1}i\sigma_{\mu\rho}D^\rho \psi_2=\overline{\psi_1}D_\mu\psi_2-\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu\slashed{D}\psi_2$). Therefore, we only need to consider ${\cal O}_{SS},{\cal O}_{TS},{\cal O}_{ST}$ in the following. For the scalar-tensor structures ${\cal O}_{TS}$ and ${\cal O}_{ST}$, taking into account IBP (again with $\varphi$ being derivative free) and EoM, we arrive at the following unique forms $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{TS}^{XY}=(\overline{\psi_1}\sigma_{\mu\nu}P_X \psi_2) (\overline{D^\mu \psi_3^{{\tt C}}}D^\nu P_Y\psi_4)\varphi \;, \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{ST}^{XY}=(\overline{D_\mu \psi_1}D_\nu P_X \psi_2) (\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_Y\psi_4)\varphi \;,~\end{aligned}$$ where we make chiral projectors $P_X$ with $X=\pm$ manifest for convenience. If $\psi_{2,3,4}$ have the same chirality, the operators ${\cal O}_{TS}^{XX},~{\cal O}_{ST}^{XX}$ can be reduced into the scalar-scalar operators ${\cal O}_{SS}$ and EoM operators by the FIs in equation ; for example, for ${\cal O}_{ST}^{\pm\pm}$, we have $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &\quad (\overline{D_\mu \psi_1}D_\nu P_\pm\psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\pm\psi_4)\varphi \\ &=-(\overline{D_\mu \psi_1}\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\pm\psi_4)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}D_\nu P_\pm\psi_2 )\varphi -(\overline{D_\mu \psi_1}P_\pm \psi_3)(\overline{D_\nu \psi_2^{{\tt C}}}\sigma^{\mu\nu}P_\pm\psi_4)\varphi\;,\end{aligned}$$ where the tensor currents can be reduced into scalar and EoM terms as we illustrated above. The similar manipulation also applies to ${\cal O}_{TS}^{\pm\pm}$ with $\psi_{2,3,4}$ having the same chirality. Thus for the scalar-tensor structures only ${\cal O}_{TS}^{\pm\mp}$ and ${\cal O}_{TS}^{\pm\mp}$ survive. Now we come to the scalar-scalar structure ${\cal O}_{SS}$. In this case we can choose to make $\psi_1$ free of derivatives by IBP, then there are generally six ways to distribute two derivatives among the four fields ($\psi_{2,3,4}$ and $\varphi$). But one of the six is still redundant by IBP and EoM. (In the on-shell language this redundancy comes from the momentum relation $(p_2+p_3+p_4+p_\varphi)^2=p_1^2=m_1^2$.) Therefore, we obtain five possible independent forms which can be chosen to be $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{SS1}=(\overline{\psi_1}D_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{D^\mu\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4)\varphi\;, && \\ \nonumber &{\cal O}_{SS2}=(\overline{\psi_1}D_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}D^\mu \psi_4)\varphi\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{SS3}=(\overline{\psi_1}D_\mu \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4)D^\mu\varphi\;,~ \\ &{\cal O}_{SS4}=(\overline{\psi_1} \psi_2)(\overline{D_\mu\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4)D^\mu\varphi\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{SS5}=(\overline{\psi_1} \psi_2)(\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}} D_\mu\psi_4)D^\mu\varphi\;.\end{aligned}$$ If there are identical fields among $\psi_{2,3,4}$, the above five forms could be not completely independent and the redundant ones can be easily identified at this stage. At last by combining the field configurations in this class from the HS output with the above analysis of structures, we obtain the final operator basis as shown in table \[tab:LV5\] for the $(\Delta B,\Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector and in table \[tab:BV3\] for the $(\Delta B,\Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector. One should be careful with the operators with multiple $SU(2)_L$ fields in table \[tab:LV5\], since the SIs in equation have to be used to reduce any redundant operators coming from apparently different $SU(2)_L$ contractions. Class $\psi^2\varphi^3D^3$ -------------------------- The only possible field configuration is $eLH^3D^3$ with a vector fermion bilinear by Lorentz invariance. With four Lorentz vector indices at hand, they either contract with the tensor $\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}$ or self-contract in pair. The former yields the unique term $\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu L^i)D_\nu H^j D_\rho H^k D_\sigma H^l$ which vanishes by SI. In the latter case, all possible operators are constructed by attaching a pair of contracted derivatives to Lorentz scalar operators formed by $eLH^3D$. The latter has the unique form, $\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu L^i)H^j D^\mu H^k H^l$. Modulo the IBP (with the $e$ chosen to be derivative free) and EoM terms, we have the following six possible operators, $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_1=\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu D_\nu L^i)D^\nu H^j D^\mu H^k H^l\;,~ {\cal O}_2=\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu D_\nu L^i) H^j D^\nu D^\mu H^k H^l\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_3=\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu D_\nu L^i) H^j D^\mu H^kD^\nu H^l\;,~ {\cal O}_4=\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu L^i)D_\nu H^jD^\nu D^\mu H^k H^l\;, \\ &{\cal O}_5=\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu L^i)D_\nu H^j D^\mu H^kD^\nu H^l\;,~ {\cal O}_6=\epsilon_{ij}\epsilon_{kl}(\overline{e^{{\tt C}}}\gamma_\mu L^i) H^j D_\nu D^\mu H^kD^\nu H^l\;.\end{aligned}$$ Since they sum to EoM terms, we choose to discard ${\cal O}_6$ as redundant. Furthermore, ${\cal O}_{2,4}$ can be reduced as linear combinations of ${\cal O}_{1,3,5}$ by IBP of $D^\mu$ and SIs in equation . Therefore we only have three independent operators in this class which are listed in table \[tab:LV5\]. Class $\psi^4D^3$ ----------------- The two fermion bilinears in this class can be a vector-scalar or vector-tensor type: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{VS}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu\psi_2) (\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\psi_4)D^\mu D^2\;,~ \\ &{\cal O}_{VT1}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma^\mu\psi_2) (\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\mu\nu}\psi_4)D^\nu D^2\;,~ \nonumber \\ &{\cal O}_{VT2}:~(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu\psi_2) (\overline{\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}\sigma_{\nu\rho}\psi_4)D^\mu D^\nu D^\rho\;.\end{aligned}$$ One can show that the vector-tensor types may be transformed into the vector-scalar type and EoM operators with the aid of FIs in equation , GIs in equation , IBP, and EoMs. Modulo IBP (with $\psi_1$ being derivative free) and EoM terms, we have the following possible independent operators of the vector-scalar type, $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{VS1}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu D_\nu\psi_2)(\overline{D^\nu\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}D^\mu \psi_4)\;,~ {\cal O}_{VS2}=(\overline{\psi_1}\gamma_\mu D_\nu\psi_2)(\overline{D^\mu\psi_3^{{\tt C}}}D^\nu \psi_4)\;.\end{aligned}$$ Taking into account the SM field contents and gauge symmetry, we find that the above two actually condense to a single one for each field configuration. Our results are included in table \[tab:LV5\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector and table \[tab:BV3\] for the $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector, respectively. Class $\psi^2\varphi^2D^4$ -------------------------- In this class the field configuration can only be $L^2H^2D^4$, in which the lepton bilinear can be a scalar or tensor, with the unique $SU(2)_L$ contractions: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{S}:~\epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}L^j)H^kH^lD^2 D^2\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{T}:~\epsilon_{ik}\epsilon_{jl} (\overline{L^{{{\tt C}},i}}\sigma_{\mu\nu}L^j)H^kH^lD^\mu D^\nu D^2\;.\end{aligned}$$ Upon insertion of derivatives one can easily show that the tensor structure is redundant by IBP, the first GI in equation and EoM for the lepton field. For the scalar type ${\cal O}_{S}$, the two pairs of covariant derivatives can be distributed uniformly among the four fields with proper Lorentz contractions. After excluding IBP and EoM operators, we obtain the three operators shown in table \[tab:LV5\]. Conclusion {#sec4} ========== We have investigated systematically dim-9 operators in the standard model effective field theory thus pushing the frontier in this direction one step further. Due to the complexity of the issue we have employed two approaches for crosschecks. We applied the Hilbert series to generate the field configurations allowed by Lorentz and gauge symmetries and to count the total number of independent operators that can be formed for each configuration. We then constructed all possible operators explicitly for each field configuration, and made use of all available kinematic and algebraic relations to remove redundant operators. The relations include integration by parts, equations of motion, Schouten identities, Dirac gamma matrix relations and Fierz identities, and Bianchi identities. We analyzed flavor symmetry relations among operators that are applied to remove redundant operators and count complete and independent operators independently of the Hilbert series. The two approaches yield a consistent answer. The basis of dim-9 operators is shown in tables \[tab:LV1\]-\[tab:BV3\], and can be summarized as follows. All dim-9 operators violate lepton and baryon numbers in various combinations and are thus non-Hermitian. Without counting flavor or generation there are $384|^{\Delta L=\pm 2}_{\Delta B=0}+10|^{\Delta L=0}_{\Delta B=\pm 2}+4|^{\Delta L=\pm3}_{\Delta B=\pm1}+236|^{\Delta L=\mp 1}_{\Delta B=\pm1}$ dim-9 operators; if three generations of fermions in SM are taken into account, there are then $44874|^{\Delta L=\pm 2}_{\Delta B=0}+2862|^{\Delta L=0}_{\Delta B=\pm 2}+486|^{\Delta L=\pm3}_{\Delta B=\pm1}+42234|^{\Delta L=\pm 1}_{\Delta B=\mp1}$ operators. Our result provides a solid starting point for phenomenological analysis. Compared to lower dimensional operators, dim-9 operators can also violate lepton and baryon numbers in the new combinations $\Delta L=0,~\Delta B=\pm 2$ and $\Delta L=\pm 3,~\Delta B=\pm 1$. The first combination results in the $n-\bar n$ oscillation as studied in Refs. [@Rao:1983sd; @Caswell:1982qs; @Rinaldi:2018osy], while the second one can cause unusual baryon decays. We hope to come back to this phenomenological aspect of the issue in the future. Acknowledgement {#acknowledgement .unnumbered} =============== This work was supported in part by the Grants No. NSFC-11975130, No. NSFC-11575089, by The National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No. 2017YFA0402200, by the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics (CCEPP), and by the MOST (Grants No. MOST 109-2811-M-002-535, No. MOST 106-2112-M-002-003-MY3). We thank Jiang-Hao Yu for sending us their manuscript [@Yu:2020] on the same subject prior to submission and for electronic communications. Flavor relations {#app:flavorsymmetry} ================ In this appendix we give the flavor relations for the operators with symmetries in the basis. These relations further confirm our counting of independent operators when fermion flavors are taken into account as in the HS approach. We denote fermion flavors by the Latin letters $(p,r,s,t,v,w)$ of an operator in the same order that fermion fields appear in the operator. The results are summarized first in sectors and then class by class. $\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(0,2)$ sector Class $\psi^2\varphi^6$: $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{LLH^6}^{pr}-p\leftrightarrow r=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^2\varphi^4X$: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{LLH^4B}^{pr}+p\leftrightarrow r=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{LLH^4W2}^{pr}+p\leftrightarrow r=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^2\varphi^2X^2$ ($x=1,2$ and $y=1,\dots,5$): $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{LLH^2B^2x}^{pr}-p\leftrightarrow r=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{LLH^2W^2y}^{pr}-p\leftrightarrow r=0\;,~ \\ &{\cal O}_{LLH^2W^26}^{pr}+p\leftrightarrow r=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{LLH^2G^2x}^{pr}-p\leftrightarrow r=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4\varphi X$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{eLLLHW2}^{prst}+s\rightarrow t=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{dQLLHW2}^{prst}+s\rightarrow t=0\;,~ \\ &{\cal O}_{QuLLHW2}^{prst}-s\rightarrow t=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{QuLLHW4}^{prst}+s\rightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4\varphi^3$: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{LeLLH^3}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{QuLLH^32}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{QdLLH^3}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^6$ ($x=1,2$ and $y=1,2,4$): $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{eLeLLL}^{prstvw}-{\cal O}_{eLeLLL}^{stprwv}=0\;, &&\big({\cal O}_{eLeLLL}^{prstvw}+t \leftrightarrow v\big) - t \leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &\big({\cal O}_{eLeLLL}^{prstvw}+r \leftrightarrow w\big) - r \leftrightarrow v=0\;, &&\big({\cal O}_{LudLLL}^{prstvw}+t \leftrightarrow v\big) -t \leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &\big({\cal O}_{dQeLLL}^{prstvw}+t \leftrightarrow v\big) - t \leftrightarrow w=0\;, &&\big({\cal O}_{QueLLL}^{prstvw}+t \leftrightarrow v\big) -t \leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{ddueue}^{prstvw}- {\cal O}_{ddueue}^{rpvwst}=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{duddLL1}^{prstvw}+v \leftrightarrow w=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{duddLL2}^{prstvw}-v \leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{duuuLL1}^{prstvw}+v \leftrightarrow w=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{duuuLL2}^{prstvw}-v \leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{dQdQLLy}^{prstvw}-{\cal O}_{dQdQLLy}^{stprwv}=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{QuQuLLx}^{prstvw}-{\cal O}_{QuQuLLx}^{stprwv}=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4\varphi^2D$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{eeLLH^2D}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&\big({\cal O}_{LLLLH^2D2}^{prst}+r\leftrightarrow s\big)-r\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{LLLLH^2D3}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{ddLLH^2D}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{uuLLH^2D}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{QQLLH^2D}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4XD$: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{duLLBD}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{duLLWD}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{duLLGD}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^2\varphi^4D^2$: $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{eeH^4D^2}^{pr}-p\leftrightarrow r=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{LLH^4D^23}^{pr}-p\leftrightarrow r=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^2\varphi^2XD^2$ ($x=2,4$): $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{LLH^2D^2Bx}^{pr}+p\leftrightarrow r=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{LLH^2D^2B7}^{pr}+p\leftrightarrow r=\fbox{EoM}+{\cal O}_{LLH^2D^2B1-6} {\rm~terms}\;,\end{aligned}$$ where stands for operators produced via the use of EoM that are already covered in the basis of dim-9 or lower dimensional operators. Class $\psi^4\varphi D^2$: $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{eLLLH^24}^{prst}+{\cal O}_{eLLLH^24}^{psrt}+{\cal O}_{eLLLH^24}^{ptrs}=\fbox{EoM}+{\cal O}_{eLLLH^21-3} {\rm~terms}\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^2\varphi^2 D^4$ ($x=1,2,3$): $$\begin{aligned} &{\cal O}_{LLH^2D^4x}^{pr}-p\leftrightarrow r=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ $\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(2,0)$ sector $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ1}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ1}^{prvwst}=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{ddQQQQ1}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ1}^{rptswv}=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{prwvts}=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{rptswv}=0\;, \\\nonumber &\big({\cal O}_{ddQQQQ1}^{prstvw}+t\leftrightarrow w\big)-s\leftrightarrow v=0\;, \\\nonumber &\big({\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{prstvw}+s\leftrightarrow w\big)-t\leftrightarrow v= 2{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ1}^{prwtsv}\;, \\\nonumber &\big({\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{prsvwt}-{\cal O}_{ddQQQQ2}^{prswvt}\big)-p\leftrightarrow r= \big({\cal O}_{ddQQQQ1}^{prstvw}+t\leftrightarrow v\big)-p\leftrightarrow r\;, \\\nonumber & \big[ \big({\cal O}_{udddQQ}^{prstvw}+ r\leftrightarrow s\big)- s\leftrightarrow t \big] -v\leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{stprvw}=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{ududdd2}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ududdd2}^{stprwv}=0 \\\nonumber &\big({\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{ptswvr}+{\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{pwsrvt}\big)-r\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\\nonumber &\big({\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{pvstrw}+{\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{prsvtw}\big)-v\leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\ &\big({\cal O}_{ududdd2}^{prstvw}+t\leftrightarrow w\big)-t\leftrightarrow v= \big({\cal O}_{ududdd1}^{prsvwt}+v\leftrightarrow w\big)-t\leftrightarrow v\;,\end{aligned}$$ $\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,3)$ sector $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &\big( {{\cal O}}_{LLLQuu}^{prstvw}+r\leftrightarrow s\big)-p\leftrightarrow s=0\;, &&{{\cal O}}_{LLLQuu}^{prstvw}+v\leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &{{\cal O}}_{LLeuuu}^{prstvw}+p\leftrightarrow r=0\;, ~ &&{{\cal O}}_{LLeuuu}^{prstvw}+v\leftrightarrow w=0\;, ~ \\ &{{\cal O}}_{LLeuuu}^{prstvw}+{{\cal O}}_{LLeuuu}^{prsvwt}+{{\cal O}}_{LLeuuu}^{prswtv}=0\;. &&\end{aligned}$$ $\scriptscriptstyle\blacksquare$ $(\Delta B, \Delta L)=(1,-1)$ sector Class $\psi^4\varphi X$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{LdddHB}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, ~ &&{\cal O}_{LdddHW}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{LuddHB}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, ~ &&{\cal O}_{LuddHW}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{eQddHB1}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, ~ &&{\cal O}_{eQddHB2}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{eQddHW1}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, ~ &&{\cal O}_{eQddHW2}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{LdQQHW2}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, ~ &&{\cal O}_{LdQQHW4}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4\varphi^3$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{LdddH^3}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{LdddH^3}^{prst}+{\cal O}_{LdddH^3}^{pstr}+{\cal O}_{LdddH^3}^{ptrs}=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{eQddH^3}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{LdQQH^32}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{LuQQH^3}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{eQQQH^3}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;,~ &&{\cal O}_{eQQQH^3}^{prst}+{\cal O}_{eQQQH^3}^{pstr}+{\cal O}_{eQQQH^3}^{ptrs}=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^6$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{eeeddd}^{prstvw} - p \leftrightarrow r=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{eeeddd}^{prstvw}+v\leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{eeeddd}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{eeeddd}^{prsvwt}+{\cal O}_{eeeddd}^{prswtv}=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{eLLddd}^{prstvw}+v\leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{eLLddd}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{eLLddd}^{prsvwt}+{\cal O}_{eLLddd}^{prswtv}=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{LLeudd}^{prstvw}- p \leftrightarrow r=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{LLeudd}^{prstvw}- v \leftrightarrow w=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prstvw}+v \leftrightarrow w=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prstvw}-{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prtsvw}+{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prvwst}-{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prwvst}=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prstvw}+{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prsvwt}+{\cal O}_{eddddd}^{prswtv}=0\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{LQdddu}^{prstvw}- t \leftrightarrow v=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{eQuQdd1}^{prstvw}+v \leftrightarrow w=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4\varphi^2 D$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{edddH^2D1}^{prst}+{\cal O}_{edddH^2D1}^{pstr}+{\cal O}_{edddH^2D1}^{ptrs}=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{edddH^2D1}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\\nonumber & {\cal O}_{edddH^2D2}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{LQddH^2D1}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{LQddH^2D2}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{edQQH^2D}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;, \\ &\big({\cal O}_{LQQQH^2D2}^{prst}-r\leftrightarrow s\big)+r\leftrightarrow t=0\;, &&{\cal O}_{LQQQH^2D3}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4XD$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &{\cal O}_{edddBD2}^{prst}-r\leftrightarrow s=\fbox{EoM}+{\cal O}_{edddBD1}{\rm~terms}\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{edddBD2}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=\fbox{EoM}+{\cal O}_{edddBD1}{\rm~terms}\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{edddGD3}^{prst}-r\leftrightarrow s=\fbox{EoM}+{\cal O}_{edddGD1-2}{\rm~terms}\;, \\\nonumber &{\cal O}_{edddGD3}^{prst}+{\cal O}_{edddGD3}^{pstr}+{\cal O}_{edddGD3}^{ptrs}=\fbox{EoM}+{\cal O}_{edddGD1-2}{\rm~terms}\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{LQddBD}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{LQddWD}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4\varphi D^2$: $$\begin{aligned} \nonumber &\big( {\cal O}_{LdddHD^22}^{prst}+r\leftrightarrow t\big)-s\leftrightarrow t=\fbox{EoM}+{\cal O}_{LdddHD^21}{\rm~terms}\;, \\ &{\cal O}_{eQddHD^22}^{prst}+s\leftrightarrow t=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{eQddHD^24}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;,~ {\cal O}_{eQddHD^25}^{prst}-s\leftrightarrow t=0\;.\end{aligned}$$ Class $\psi^4D^3$: $$\begin{aligned} {\cal O}_{edddD^3}^{prst}+{\cal O}_{edddD^3}^{prts}+{\cal O}_{edddD^3}^{ptrs}=\fbox{EoM}\;.\end{aligned}$$ | Mid | [
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Long-term management of noncancer pain with transdermal therapeutic system-fentanyl. Transdermal therapeutic system-fentanyl (TTS-F) has been extensively studied in cancer pain management. However, few studies have addressed the long-term management of noncancer pain, especially when it relates to neuropathic pain. A total of 529 patients were recruited into this prospective open-label study to determine the safety and effectiveness of TTS-F in relation to quality-of-life (QOL) stratified according to pain type and etiology. TTS-F significantly improves QOL within 28 days, and pain management within 48 hours. The frequency of side effects rapidly decreases over time, and patients not experiencing adequate pain management are identified within 28 days. The median duration of therapy for effective pain management was 10 months, and 90% of patients sustained such efficacy. TTS-F offers statistically significant increases in QOL-Short Form 12 (including the Physical Component Scale and Mental Component Scale measures) and pain control (Greek Brief Pain Inventory) from one time point to the next (P <.0001). These improvements are not influenced by pain type or etiology. TTS-F is a safe and effective pain management system independent of patient characteristics and demographic factors. What is of most importance is that in those patients with neuropathic pain, for whom opioids have long been thought to be ineffective, similar effectiveness is demonstrated when compared to patients with nociceptive pain. | High | [
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Explores how U.S. involvement in Iraq and Israel after September 11, 2001 has affected how people in the Middle East feel about the United States. Ted Koppel speaks with senators Richard Lugar and Joseph Biden. How is the U.S. viewed in the Middle East?Pulling the triggerNightline (Television program) Verantwoordelijkheid: ABC News. Fragment: Explores how U.S. involvement in Iraq and Israel after September 11, 2001 has affected how people in the Middle East feel about the United States. Ted Koppel speaks with senators Richard Lugar and Joseph Biden. | High | [
0.6858513189448441,
35.75,
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Q: Xubuntu 18.04 LTS - ugly lines when scrollbar active I'm working on my gtk theme and I've realized that ugly lines like "- - - - - -" appear at the bottom or up when vertical scrollbar is active and, at the right or left sides (vertical) when horizontal scrollbar active. Looks like that is to show that there is more of the page from up-down or left-right but I can't figure out how to remove them. The default greybird or the mint xfce also show this but some themes don't, like the macbunto or the Radiance theme. That happens not only with the default text editor but also everywhere the scrollbar is activated (like the whisker menu). I've tried to change the gtk-auto-mnemonics from 1 to 0 but nothing happens, it looks like it has nothing to do with this. Does someone knows whats is going on and how to remove them, please? Thanks for all your help. A: I found an unofficial workaround in Awful dotted lines on borders from 2016. The ostensible purpose of the dashed lines is described in the comments but a developer of Greybird wrote, also in 2016, "for now this is a "won't fix"." The person who raised the issue came up with a fix and it works even in Xubuntu 18.04 for the Greybird theme. However, what happens in the future is unclear: For those who wanted to remove this awful lines, You can remove them editing gtk-3.0/gtk-contained.css and writing at the end of file this: scrolledwindow undershoot.top, scrolledwindow undershoot.right, scrolledwindow undershoot.bottom, scrolledwindow undershoot.left { background-image: none; } Cheers! Here's an image of the dashed lines on the top in the Whisker Menu: And here's an image of the dashed lines at the bottom in the Whisker Menu: And this is after the workaround: Edit: a preferable way to make the change is to stick the code into ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css. If this file doesn't exist, just create it as a plain text file. My ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css looks like this: * { -GtkWidget-cursor-aspect-ratio: 0.2; } * { caret-color: #00FF00; } scrolledwindow undershoot.top, scrolledwindow undershoot.right, scrolledwindow undershoot.bottom, scrolledwindow undershoot.left { background-image: none; } | High | [
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1. Too many characters. To be honest I don't want to see any of the X-men in this except Charles at the start having a conversation with Wolverine, explaining his mental state and where he's at at the films beginning (This would be great for Patrick Stewart's return which he's kind of been hinting at lately) 2. Mariko to just be an Asian Jean Grey 3. Too many comedy moments. Some are fine if they add to the character but no slapstick 4. Not too many attempts to dodge the violence. Wolverine unsheathes his claws...approaches an enemy and... cuts the lights with his hand. Not clever. Also, don't be one of those films where the Japanese characters speak perfect English in private dialogue. Embrace the language barrier 5. Hugh Jackman to shout "NOOOOOOOO" while looking up at the sky. He does it alot and hopefully he and the director can think of a more powerful way to show emotion. I don't want to see Wolverine walking away from a fiery explosion in slow motion, it's been done to death. __________________A few of the Marvel Superheroes are somewhat niche characters that aren't extremely versatile, thus they don't have a lot of longevity potential. For example, Namor is a water guy, Silver Surfer is a space guy, Dr. Strange is a magic guy, and so on. 1. Romance. They can have a love interest for him, but I never really thought of Wolverine as a romantic. That's one area where XO: Wolverine f#cked up. 2. Goofy Wolverine. 3. Too much Jean Grey. I don't want much of this movie dedicated to Wolverine moping around over his lost love. 4. Native Japanese with American accents. 5. Overuse of CGI. I don't want him looking at the camera and flexing with his arms back. he did that in EVERY SCENE in that XO:W movie __________________If you are offended, remain offended. Quote: Originally Posted by UltimateJustin no kid in fifteen years will recall what was going on in the haze of animated card game shows where cat faced japanese children yelled annoyingly and danced around and shot mushrooms out of their mouths. Pg:13 is inevitable. Honestly people have a hard on for the R rating without understand what it means. Now if you want some Evil Dead type gore happening then ain't going to happen. But I think a slightly bloodier X-2 fight is far more feasible. 1. Too much focus on this as part of a franchise. It seemed from early on this was going to be disconnected from the other X-Men films. But now we see Jean Grey and we're being told it takes place after X3. This franchise is just too convoluted at this point. Just tell us damn Wolverine story apart from the X-Men. 2. No more toned down Wolverine. We were told throughout the X movies Wolverine did all kinds of regrettable stuff in his past. He talks a lot about it in Origins but we never really see him full berserker and unleash violence he later regrets. 3. No over-romanticizing Jean Grey. Really afraid this will happen. In the comic world it's different because those characters had much more history. In the movies they flirted for a bit and that was it. They never consummated it. We don't even know if Jean Grey loved Wolverine back. It's never really made clear if you look back on it. There's no reason he should be moping over her at this point. He's lost lots of loved ones, that should be the issue. | Low | [
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Juicing Raw Cannabis by Owen Smith Among the types of extraction that Health Canada continues to prohibit is juicing. When the leaves are processed through a fruit and vegetable juicer, a thick, dark green liquid is separated from the plant pulp. If the leaves are picked before the plant matures, the majority of THC will still be in acid form (see decarboxylation), producing no psychoactive ‘high’. Dr. William Courtney is the co-founder of Cannabis International Foundation, who are helping pioneer a movement toward ingesting fresh, raw, non-psychoactive cannabis juice. When fresh, the plant contains a lot of the precursor Cannabinoids such as THC acid, which has recently been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Dr. Courtney argues that by nourishing our endocannabinoid system, the juiced leaves and buds help the body function more efficiently, effecting all 210 human cell types. In their short film “Leaf, ” Dr. Courtney and his wife suggest juicing 10 to 20 fresh leaves daily. Proposing a mix of one part cannabis juice with 10 parts carrot juice to counteract the bitterness, he suggests selecting leaves around 70-90 days after sowing, and drinking the juice three times a day. With this Cannabinoid-rich liquid, free of the psychoactive effects of THC, it is possible to increase the dose of Cannabinoids such as Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) 100 times. In an average baked cookie, the tolerated dose of THC limits ingestion of other Cannabinoids to about 10 mg. In the raw juice, one can comfortably approach 1000 mg. Courtney claims that the medical benefits in the higher dose range (500-1000 mg) include anti-diabetic, anxiolytic, and anti-eschemic properties for heart disease. He is on a mission to obtain a United Nations consensus for cannabis as an essential dietary requirement for humankind. He refers to this cannabis-specific collection of therapeutic compounds as Conditionally Essential Cannabinoid Acids. On his Cannabis International website, he outlines his goals “to consolidate the science regarding the essential nature of the phyto-cannabinoid contributions to health maintenance and restoration. That akin to Essential Fatty Acids and Essential Amino Acids, there needs to be Minimum Daily Requirements established to guide worldwide adoption of raw cannabis as the single most important dietary element.” To prevent somebody accessing a medicine that is free of any ‘high’ seems to lack any rationale, yet Health Canada continues to prevent medical cannabis producers and users from creating these THC free products. Oregon’s Brave McKayla is a 9 year old from Oregon who uses Raw Cannabis juice alongside a CBD rich cannabis extract to treat her Lymphoblastic Leukemia, you may never have seen a smile so wide (VIDEO). Liam McKnight is a 6 year old from Ontario who suffers from Dravet syndrome, a rare and severe form of epilepsy. Under the current rules, he cannot legally access raw cannabis juice or a CBD rich concentrated extract, essentially limiting access to higher concentrations of these cannabinoid compounds. My constitutional challenge to legalize these extracts for patients will be judged by the Supreme Court of Canada in the near future. Follow me on Twitter I have been writing for the Cannabis Digest since 2009, covering topics related to medical cannabis with a focus on alternative cannabis therapies. My articles are closely related to the constitutional challenge i helped to launch in response to charges i received while making edible and topical cannabis medicines for members of the Victoria Cannabis Buyers Club. I cover the details of our successful challenge while comparing and contrasting with medical cannabis movement around the world. I also create graphic art http://s413.beta.photobucket.com/user/rainbowensmyth/profile/ and write short stories sacredstorytelling.bandcamp.com As well as DJ www.mixcloud.com/Rizeohm/the-drugwar-assault-mix and produce electronic music rizeohm.bandcamp.com/ | Mid | [
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The philosopher Peter Singer once described a liberation movement as something that "demands an expansion of our moral horizons, so that practices that were previously regarded as natural and inevitable are now seen as intolerable." Though this passage was written almost forty years ago in defense of the animal liberation movement, which was then just being established, it is apropos of the current fat liberation movement, which is the subject under discussion in Rothblum and Solovay's recently published collection of essays. What currently seems natural is that fat is a disease and that fat people are at risk for a whole host of health related problems, from diabetes to atherosclerosis, and that fat people are themselves to blame for the condition they are in because they are lazy and can't control their appetites. The solution, then, to the current "global obesity epidemic" is to get fat people to loose weight through diets and rigorous exercise regimes. At the heart of fat studies and liberation is the deconstruction of the above claims, as well as the presentation of different constructions of what fat is and what fat people ought to do in the face of anti-fat attitudes. As Wann puts it in the Foreword to the book: "The field of fat studies requires skepticism about weight-related beliefs that are popular, powerful, and prejudicial…. Unlike traditional approaches to weight, a fat studies approach offers no opposition to the simple fact of human weight diversity, but instead looks at what people and society make of this reality" (x). There are many ways in which one might distinguish between the various aspects of fat studies. The editors of The Fat Studies Reader have separated the field into six different lines of investigation, but due to space constraints, I'll discuss the field along two broad foci. On the one hand is an examination of the relation between fat and health, which is the focus of Part II of the book. On the other hand, are sociological, psychological, and philosophical questions about fat, which examines how society currently stigmatizes fat and the effects this has on fat people including the issue of how people can come to accept and enjoy their bodies irrespective of weight. Several articles in Part II (25-112) argue that weight is not in fact a significant factor in determining poor health. Height-weight tables, such as the currently favored BMI (Body Mass Index), are quite arbitrary, have changed considerably over the years, and were in fact the product of insurance companies looking for ways to further profits rather than the result of health researchers. As Burgard says, only "about 9% of the outcome of whether someone has a health problem or not is somehow related to BMI," and even here it's important to note that the problem is "correlated to [fat] but not necessarily caused by it" (43). According to many within the fat liberation movement, the driving force behind claims that fat people are unhealthy and need to loose weight is money. As Lyons points out, "[b]y 2004, forty-six billion dollars was being spent annually on weight loss products and programs, not including weight loss surgery" (77). This is particularly unfortunate because almost no one looses weight and keeps it off. As Gaesser points out, "of those who intentionally loose weight, most will regain about one-third of their weight within the first year, and virtually all will return to their baseline weight within five years (38). When physicians and other health care workers prescribe weight loss for their patients what they are in fact doing is prescribing weight cycling, or yo-yo dieting. Ironically, there is little debate that such weight cycling is incredibly unhealthy. As an alternative to this line of 'treatment' some within the fat liberation movement have argued for "health at every size," which is the subject of Burgard's contribution (41-53). This movement attempts to promote health through (1) accepting weight diversity, (2) eating well and taking pleasure in one's eating, (3) encouraging enjoyable physical activities appropriate for one's weight, age, and preferences, and (4) ending weight bias. The Fat Studies Reader contains two Parts addressing the issue of Western Society's attitudes toward fat: (1) "Fatness as Social Inequality" (113-222), and (2) "Size-ism in Popular Culture and Literature" (223-298). Contained here are articles on such diverse topics as bullying fat children, stigmatizing school weight loss programs in Singapore, airplane and classroom seat sizes, and the fat body in Hollywood films and literature. These articles do an excellent job of demonstrating why weight acceptance is so incredibly difficult in our society given its obsession with thinness and its abhorrence of fat. How to deal with these attitudes is dealt with first in a section on "Embodying and Embracing Fatness" (299-326), which contains articles on fat burlesque and fat fitness, and finally, a concluding section on "Starting the Revolution" (327-340), a call to arms of sorts for fat political activism. Despite many positive features, The Fat Studies Reader is not without fault. I found it repetitive at times and hence in need of some article pruning, particularly in Parts II and III. Oddly, Parts IV and V were far too brief. Surely, there is much more to say about fat people coming to accept their bodies than a discussion of fat burlesque and fat aerobics. And the last section on political activism contains only two articles and one of those, from fat activist Charlotte Cooper, is actually a critique of the movement – and its focus on America at the expense of fat issues in the rest of the world -- rather than about fat activism per se. Actually, Cooper's article points to another weakness in the book. Although the field of fat studies is in its infancy, an anthology containing 40 essays surely could have found room for more than one self-reflective and critical article. As an example of an issue that stands in need of being addressed is the apparent disconnect between what one might call the 'fat and fit' and 'fat and proud' aspects of the movement. The former relies heavily upon a rather straightforward acceptance of positivist science, albeit in the discrediting of many of the claims made by the weight loss industry about the health dangers of fat and the possibility of sustained weight loss. Consider, e.g., Gaesser's work here. The fat and proud, or fat acceptance side of the movement, however, tends to be radically anti-positivist and accepts a thoroughly post-modern and deconstructionist framework. Kathleen LeBesco's "anti-essentialism" approach is representative of this. This is not to say that this disconnect represents an intractable problem for the fat studies movement, but it is an issue that needs to be considered. Having said this, I heartily recommend this book. It is, so far as I know, the first book of its kind on fat studies and hence represents essential reading for those who want to know what fat studies is all about as well as for those who have working in some component of the field but want a collection that deals with a vast variety of issues and places the movement in a wider context. Welcome to Metapsychology. We feature over 8100 in-depth reviews of a wide range of books and DVDs written by our reviewers from many backgrounds and perspectives. We update our front page weekly and add more than twenty new reviews each month. Our editor is Christian Perring, PhD. To contact him, use one of the forms available here. Metapsychology Online reviewers normally receive gratis review copies of the items they review. Metapsychology Online receives a commission from Amazon.com for purchases through this site, which helps us send review copies to reviewers. Please support us by making your Amazon.com purchases through our Amazon links. We thank you for your support! | High | [
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Walnut Street Bridge (Mazeppa, Minnesota) The Walnut Street Bridge is a historic Pratt through truss bridge over the North Fork of the Zumbro River in Mazeppa, Minnesota, United States. It was built as a highway bridge in 1904 but has been restricted to pedestrian use since 1980. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003 for having local significance in the theme of engineering. It was nominated for being the work of noted Minnesota engineer William S. Hewett and his bridge building firm the W. S. Hewett Co., an example further recognized for its exceptional ornamentation. History A previous bridge at this location, dating to the 19th century, was Mazeppa's only crossing over the Zumbro River and a link on a key road between Rochester and Lake City, Minnesota. That bridge was condemned in 1901 but remained in use until the Mazeppa village council contracted with the W. S. Hewett Co. in 1904 for a replacement, selling bonds to help raise some of the $3,775 cost. The new bridge was completed in August of that year. As such it fell within a unique window in Minnesota bridge construction: in the prior decade steel had supplanted iron as the construction material of choice, but in 1911 the recently formed Minnesota State Highway Commission would enact standards that led to far greater similarity in bridge designs. The Walnut Street Bridge remained Mazeppa's primary river crossing until 1922, when a new highway bridge was built one block to the north. The Walnut Street Bridge continued to carry local traffic until 1980, when it was closed to vehicles. It served as a pedestrian bridge but was closed altogether in 1995. The city of Mazeppa rehabilitated the bridge from 2001 to 2002, removing non-historic elements, replacing deteriorated structures, and adding new safety features. The rehabilitation project reopened to bridge to pedestrian use and won an award from the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota. See also List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota National Register of Historic Places listings in Wabasha County, Minnesota References External links Walnut Street Bridge (Bridge R0412)–Minnesota Department of Transportation Category:1904 establishments in Minnesota Category:Bridges completed in 1904 Category:Buildings and structures in Wabasha County, Minnesota Category:Former road bridges in Minnesota Category:National Register of Historic Places in Wabasha County, Minnesota Category:Pedestrian bridges in Minnesota Category:Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota Category:Transportation in Wabasha County, Minnesota Category:Zumbro River Category:Pratt truss bridges in the United States Category:Metal bridges in the United States | High | [
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Black pepper is produced from the unripe berries of the pepper plant while they are still green. The berries are cooked briefly in hot water, both to clean them and to prepare them for drying. The heat ruptures cell walls in the fruit, speeding the work of browning enzymes during drying. The berries are dried in the sun or by machine for several days, during which the fruit around the seed shrinks and darkens into a thin, wrinkled black layer, the result of a fungal reaction. Once dried, the fruits are called black peppercorns. Black pepper has a fine pungent, fruity fragrance with warm woody notes. The taste is hot and clean with a strong aftertaste. White pepper consists of the seed only, with the fruit removed. This is usually accomplished by allowing fully ripe berries to soak in water for about a week, during which the flesh of the fruit softens and decomposes. Rubbing then removes what remains of the fruit, and the naked seed is dried. Alternative processes are used for removing the outer fruit from the seed, including removal of the outer layer from black pepper produced from unripe berries. White pepper can be slightly musty and is what is normally sold as finely ground pepper. Green pepper, like black, is made from the unripe berries. Dried green peppercorns are treated in a manner that retains the green colour, such as treatment with sulphur dioxide or freeze drying. Pickled peppercorns, also green, are unripe berries preserved in brine or vinegar. Fresh, unpreserved green pepper berries, largely unknown in the West, are used in some Asian cuisines, particularly Thai cuisine. Their flavour has been described as piquant and fresh, with a bright aroma. They decay quickly if not dried or preserved. Green peppers have a light aroma and a fresh taste. They go well with fish. Chef's tip This was drummed into me on my various Indian cookery classes, back in the day: If any recipe calls for black pepper and some form of frying / sautéing / cooking in oil or butter, whatever the recipe says, add your black pepper to the oil. It will flavour the oil, which then does a far better job of flavouring the food than adding it at the end. | High | [
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Inquiry Ask about Eucalyptus Contact Eucalyptus takes over 10 years to mature. Over the last 20 years or so, hybrid Eucalyptusclones have become increasingly important in commercial plantation forestry. Millions of hectares have been planted in tropical and subtropical countries where hybrid Eucalyptus clones form the basis of both large and small scale, commercial planting programmes. South Africa, Brazil, China, DRC, India and many South American countries are just some of the countries with major plantation industries based to a large extent on hybrid Eucalyptus clones. Around 2002, a collaborative Eucalyptus clonal research programme was initiated in Uganda between the National Forest Research Institute (NaFORRI), the UK’s Gatsby Charitable Foundation and Mondi South Africa. This research is now bearing fruit with some of these hybrid eucalypts available commercially to growers in Uganda since 2008. The SPGS – in collaboration with Uganda Gatsby Trust (UGT) is now promoting the planting of these hybrids on a limited scale | Mid | [
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Redout, the F-Zero and Wipeout-inspired racer, is returning next year, and it’s looking a little different. Redout: Space Assault ditches the fixed racetracks of yesterday’s future, and instead heads out into orbit for frenetic stellar battles between dogfighting spaceships. Get a taste of the new direction by checking out the teaser, below. You’ll be flying Super Orbital Recond Fighters for either the rebels or the authoritative Colonisation fleet as they seek out a new home. You’ll be able to pick your fighter, customise your loadout and then jump into space for dogfights, escort missions (booo) and the occasional infiltration of a mothership. It’s not all fighting in your wee ship, however. Pilots can also dock their fighters with larger vessels , thus taking temporary control of them and doling out upgrades, repairs and orders. It might be a game obsessed with speed and adrenaline, but it also wants to be smart and tactical. Will you go for a full-on attack on the enemy cargos to cut off their supply lines, or will you make sure to defend yours first? Will you gamble your Corvette’s hull against the enemy Mothership’s defensive turrets, or will you patiently wait for your fighters to take them down before zeroing in for the final blow? Will your be the rogue dogfight ace, the perfect repair support, the Cargo escort, the brave Mothership bomber, the decisive Corvette mastermind? Your call. Redout will feature online multiplayer, as well as a career mode that spins a yarn about humanity’s attempts to colonise new worlds. Developer 34BigThings emphasises that multiplayer is the focus, however. The shift in direction seems fairly dramatic, though I’ve not been able to find a reason for the change. Their blog hasn’t been updated since May – before the announcement of the new theme. | High | [
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Tag: honeydew erotic review I never asked for feedback when I wrote my short story, “Sick Like Me,” based on a song of the same name by In This Moment. (The music video is fantastic. Watch it HERE.) I just wrote something that was twisted and sexy with motorcycles and teacher-student seduction. I sent “Sick Like Me” off to magazines. Then, miraculously, it got accepted. Honeydew editor Fiona Martine said two things really sold the story for her: 1) Dialogue about John Waters 2) A very sexy throat bite Yes, there’s explicit sex in this story, but that’s not what “Sick Like Me” is about. It’s about coming to terms with your sexual preferences, embracing them, and finding someone else who embraces them as well … no matter how kinky. That’s love, baby. I give you an excerpt of “Sick Like Me” from the Bad Ass edition of Honeydew Erotic Review. To read my story in its entirety, buy your copy HERE. Cam was a teacher’s assistant at Phoenix College, getting his Master’s in computer technology. He was the most unlikely of computer nerds, but he found sitting in front of a glowing monitor soothing: his city version of sitting around the campfire stoned. He assisted one of his favorite professors that semester, Lisa Franklin: a tall, super smart dyke who was married to a much younger woman with twins. She told Cam her story once, how she left her husband when she realized she liked breasts and never wanted to see a penis again. Too bad her twins were both boys. First day of the semester, Cam held the attendance sheet in his hand: one of his many bitch jobs, done without complaint since the bitch jobs helped pay for his continued education. When Evan walked in, silver helmet in hand, people turned to look. Even with his black hair flattened in the back, his too long bangs in his eyes, girls turned red and probably flooded their seats. The guy was just that hot. Cam couldn’t believe his luck. He ushered a broad grin into the back of his mouth and rolled his tongue around instead. He took attendance, and when he called the name “Evan Brody,” the guy—his guy—raised his hand, pushed black hair off his forehead, and didn’t say a word. Cam had the name, and he said it in his head while Lisa went over the syllabus. Evan Brody. Evan Brody. Ev-an. Felt good on Cam’s tongue. Lisa gave them a quick assignment to fill the rest of class: some basic shit with CAD. Something about building 3-D shapes, and “Cam, why don’t you walk around and help anyone who needs it?” He did wide circles at first between the rows of computer screens. Then, he closed his circle and closed it until he stood behind Evan Brody and looked at the mess he’d made of his assignment. The guy apparently knew nothing about graphic design. “You doing all right?” Cam said. Evan glanced up—then looked up. Yeah, you recognize me, Cam thought, and yeah, I see you, Evan. The boy sighed. “I’m not good at this.” So he did have a voice, and what a lovely voice: a deep purr that sounded a lot like his bike. “Here.” Cam pulled up a chair next to him and reached for the mouse. He shifted things around, showed him some useful tools. “Try again.” Evan attempted to mimic Cam’s work but was a total failure. “No. Here.” Cam put his hand on top of Evan’s on the mouse. It was a test, not in the academic sense, and Cam passed because Evan didn’t pull his soft, warm hand away. He let himself be guided. Submissive? Perfect.God almighty, this is going to be easy. To read the rest of “Sick Like Me” (and I promise, it’s a lot of freaky fun), buy your copy of Honeydew Erotic ReviewHERE! And, as a SPECIAL BONUS, if you’ve ever wondered why I write gay erotica, my SheKnows article on that very topic came out today. Read all about it at SheKnows.com. | Low | [
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Injuries Archives On behalf of Luke Baker of Baker Billick, P.A. posted in Injuries on Saturday, April 8, 2017. A serious car accident can be a life-changing event, especially if the victim suffers a traumatic brain injury (TBI). If a loved one has been involved in a car accident and suffered a TBI, an experienced North Carolina attorney might be able to help you get the compensation you deserve. Ask Our Attorneys PhonePlease enter a valid phone number. You may use 0-9, spaces and the ( ) - + characters. Brief description of your legal issue Please verify that you have read the disclaimer.I have read the disclaimer.disclaimer. The use of the Internet or this form for communication with the firm or any individual member of the firm does not establish an attorney-client relationship. Confidential or time-sensitive information should not be sent through this form. | Mid | [
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Characteristics and source appointment of atmospheric particulate mercury over East China Sea: Implication on the deposition of atmospheric particulate mercury in marine environment. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) samples were collected at Huaniao Island in northern East China Sea (ECS) from March 2012 to January 2013. Chemical analysis were conducted to measure the concentration of total particulate mercury (TPM) and speciated particulate mercury including HCl-soluble particulate mercury (HPM), elemental particulate mercury (EPM) and residual particulate mercury (RPM). The bromine (Br) and iodine (I) on particles were also detected. The mean concentration of TPM during the study period was 0.23 ± 0.15 ng m-3, while the obviously seasonal variation was found that the concentrations of TPM in spring, summer, fall and winter were 0.34 ± 0.20 ng m-3, 0.15 ± 0.03 ng m-3, 0.15 ± 0.05 ng m-3 and 0.27 ± 0.26 ng m-3, respectively. The statistically strong correlation of bromine and iodine to HPM was only found in spring with r = 0.81 and 0.77 (p < 0.01), respectively. While the strongest correlations between EPM and bromine and iodine were found in winter with r = 0.92 (Br) and 0.96 (I) (p < 0.01), respectively. The clustered 72-h backward trajectories of different seasons and the whole sampling period were categorized into 4 groups. In spring, the clusters passed a long distance across the East China Sea and brought about low concentration of mercury due to the deposition of mercury over the sea. The cluster of air mass across the sea had low concentration of HPM in winter, which suggested that the oxidation of mercury in winter might be related to other oxidants. During the whole sampling period, the air mass from the north of China contributed to the higher concentration of TPM in Huaniao Island. | High | [
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Increased risk of congestive heart failure among infarctions with nighttime onset. The onset of acute myocardial infarction varies by time of day, with a peak in the morning and a trough at night. Whether infarct-related complications differ by the timing of the infarction is unknown. In the Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study, we performed chart reviews and face-to-face interviews with 3625 patients with acute myocardial infarction. We assessed the time of onset of symptoms, the presence of ventricular tachycardia or congestive heart failure, and peak creatine kinase levels (in 1043 patients). We found significant circadian variation in the risk of congestive heart failure (P =.001). The risk dropped from 17% for infarctions that began between 6 PM and midnight to 10% for infarctions that began between 6 AM and noon. Adjustment for differences in the time from symptom onset to presentation for care and use of thrombolytic agents did not change the results. We found no circadian variation in the risk of ventricular tachycardia or in peak creatine kinase levels. The risk of congestive heart failure is highest among infarctions that begin at night. Further research may clarify whether this reflects differences in the pathophysiologic characteristics of infarction or the quality of medical care provided for daytime and nighttime infarctions. | High | [
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Q: Can this promise be chained more cleanly? The below code uses Promises/A+ (specifically rsvp.js) to generate a token. It does so by either taking an existing token or downloading and parsing a token from a web page. Is it possible to chain this to LoadURIPromise more cleanly? Usually one can chain together promises without causing as much indentation drift. new RSVP.Promise(function (resolve) { if (TokenData) { resolve(TokenData); } else { LoadURIPromise(TokenURL).then(function (xmlDoc) { TokenData = xmlDoc.evaluate( '/root/theToken', xmlDoc.documentElement, null, XPathResult.FIRST_ORDERED_NODE_TYPE, null ).singleNodeValue.textContent; resolve(TokenData); }); } }).then(function (token) { //Use Token here } A: I have never used RSVP, I am more familiar with Q, but I believe following should do what you need: var evaluate = function (xmlDoc) { TokenData = xmlDoc.evaluate( '/root/theToken', xmlDoc.documentElement, null, XPathResult.FIRST_ORDERED_NODE_TYPE, null).singleNodeValue.textContent; return TokenData; } RSVP.resolve(TokenData || LoadURIPromise(TokenURL).then(evaluate)) .then(function (token) { //Use Token here console.info(token); }); Here is working jsFiddle BTW, do you really need TokenData to be global? | High | [
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Andrea was last seen in McAllen, Texas on November 29, 1999. She possibly traveled to Mexico sometime after her disappearance. Authorities believe that she may have been taken against her will shortly after she was last seen. She has never been heard from again and her case remains unsolved. | Low | [
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/* @flow */ import type TypeContext from '../../../TypeContext'; export function pass (t: TypeContext) { const IdMap = t.type("IdMap", IdMap => { const T = IdMap.typeParameter("T"); return t.object(t.indexer("id", t.string(), T)); }); const Payment = t.type( "Payment", t.object( t.property("payment_id", t.string()), t.property("invoice_id", t.string()) ) ); const Invoice = t.type( "Invoice", t.object( t.property("invoice_id", t.string()), t.property("payments", t.ref(IdMap, Payment), true) ) ); const InvoicingState = t.type( "InvoicingState", t.object(t.property("invoices", t.ref(IdMap, Invoice))) ); const INVOICES = t.array(Invoice).assert([ { invoice_id: "invoice-1" }, { invoice_id: "invoice-2" }, { invoice_id: "invoice-3" } ]); const PAYMENT_1 = Payment.assert({ payment_id: "payment-1", invoice_id: "invoice-1" }); Payment.assert({ payment_id: "payment-2", invoice_id: "invoice-2" }); const toIdMap = t.annotate( function toIdMap(idName, xs) { const T = t.typeParameter("T"); let _idNameType = t.string(); let _xsType = t.array(t.flowInto(T)); const _returnType = t.return(t.ref(IdMap, T)); t.param("idName", _idNameType).assert(idName); t.param("xs", _xsType).assert(xs); const obj = {}; for (let i = 0; i < xs.length; i++) { const id = t.array(t.any()).assert(xs)[i][idName]; obj[id] = xs[i]; } return _returnType.assert(obj); }, t.function(_fn => { const T = _fn.typeParameter("T"); return [ t.param("idName", t.string()), t.param("xs", t.array(t.flowInto(T))), t.return(t.ref(IdMap, T)) ]; }) ); const state = InvoicingState.assert({ invoices: {} }); const setInvoices = t.annotate(function setInvoices(state, is) { let _stateType = InvoicingState; let _isType = t.array(Invoice); t.param("state", _stateType).assert(state); t.param("is", _isType).assert(is); state.invoices = toIdMap("invoice_id", is); }, t.function( t.param("state", InvoicingState), t.param("is", t.array(Invoice)) )); const addPayment = t.annotate(function addPayment(state, p) { let _stateType2 = InvoicingState; let _pType = Payment; t.param("state", _stateType2).assert(state); t.param("p", _pType).assert(p); const invoice = state.invoices[p.invoice_id]; if (invoice.payments) { invoice.payments[p.payment_id] = p; } else { invoice.payments = { [p.payment_id]: p }; } }, t.function(t.param("state", InvoicingState), t.param("p", Payment))); setInvoices(state, INVOICES); addPayment(state, PAYMENT_1); addPayment(state, PAYMENT_1); return true; } | Mid | [
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The present invention relates to an apparatus for feeding seed to birds including means for guarding the seed in the feeder from squirrels or the like. In attempting to feed birds in one's yard with seed or other food, one rapidly discovers that squirrels, which are more aggressive animals, are likely to eat the seed before the birds have an opportunity. In order to preclude squirrels from beating the birds to the feed, many bird feeders have been designed with protective structures to preclude use of the feeders by squirrels while making the feeders accessible to birds. Devices of this type have taken many forms and the structures thereof have often been quite complicated making them expensive to manufacture, difficult to clean and maintain and difficult to refill for keeping a supply of seed readily available to birds. | Mid | [
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Blog List Fracking on canvas June 19, 2013 - Mohawk Currents Linda J. Finch, a painter born and raised in Gloversville, will show some of her work this weekend at a symposium called "Women's Voices for (a) Change" at Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs. Finch, now a resident of Sullivanville, Chemung County, says she has seen firsthand the effects of the recent gas-drilling and hydrofracking boom in New York's Southern Tier. The paintings seen at right (under "Blog Photos") are paintings depicting scenes she has witnessed literally from her backyard. "'What Would Grandma Moses Do?' is the premise of my series of 14 paintings that document the effects that the gas industry has made on our small village since 2006,'" she writes. "Painting in the folk-art style popularized by Grandma Moses, I have covered gas exploration and exploitation as huge companies and strangers from Louisiana, Texas, Ohio, Oklahoma and the Dakotas descended on our town. Local hiring? Not much to speak of. "Far from being anti-business, I am pro-water and pro-farming. New York is famous for its clean water for agriculture, our huge wine industry and its beautiful Finger Lakes. Pennsylvania has lost 17% of its farms since gas drilling/fracking has begun, according to statistics from the U.S. Farm Bureau." Finch, a GHS class of 1961 grad, says this series of paintings was completed in part with support from a New York State Council on the Arts grant. The Bennington Folk Art Museum in Vermont will show her work in 2014. | High | [
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TIRED OF THE PAIN AND ANGUISH OF ORAL or GENITAL HERPES OUTBREAKS? I have herpes onmy chest - Herpeset - Natural Herpes Relief Herpeset - Natural Herpes Relief I have herpes onmy chest - You can feel it coming on? That tingling sensation or hot feeling that tells you a Herpes blister is about to erupt. There is nothing you can do to stop it, and you know it's contagious, which just adds to your stress level. The same questions keep running through your mind every time it happens: "How long will this outbreak last? When will I get another one? Is there any way to get rid of this quickly?" FINALLY! SAFE, Homeopathic Relief IS HERE! 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Our unique combination of time-tested homeopathic ingredients in Herpeset ™ is designed to reduce the severity of an outbreak and help your body heal itself*. So what are you waiting for? You'll want to have plenty of HERPESET ™ on hand so you can start to Clobber Painful Herpes Outbreaks Easier and Safer than ever before! GRAB OUR BEST VALUE TODAY and SAVE! 90 Day Money Back Guarantee. We take great pride in the superior quality of our products and want you to be pleased with your purchase. We believe in offering the very best value, quality and selection to our customers. You may return any unused and unopened item purchased from us for any reason within Ninety (90) days of your purchase. Customer Care All the links and descriptions on this page are taken from public sources such as search engines (google.com, yahoo.com, bing.com). However, if you think any data on this page violates your copyright, please send an message from "Contact Us" page and the links and descriptions of full page will be removed. September 11, 2013. My Story: Boyfriend gave me herpes via oral sex - (h) forum (http://herpeslife.com/herpes-forum/discussion/868/m y-story-boyfriend-gave-me-herpes-via-oral-sex/p1) I have herpes. What a load off my chest. I know that I know none of you personally and anyone who reads this probably doesn't know who I am, but despite that I September 17, 2013. I have little bumps on my chest, could these be herpes I do have (https://www.healthtap.com/user_questions/336438-i-h ave-little-bumps-on-my-chest-could-these-be-herpes- i-do-have-genital-herpes-could-i-have-spread-it-to- my-chest) Herpes generally attaches to moist areas like mouth, genitalia, eyes although it is rarely seen on the finger and other areas. If there is a pattern of sores seen September 7, 2013. Living with Herpes - User Stories - Sexually Transmitted Diseases (http://std.about.com/u/ua/herpes/herpesuserstories. 15.htm) I was diagnosed with HSV 1 shortly before my 21st birthday. On the flip side, I' m anxious to get this off my chest and see if I can be accepted, blisters and all. September 20, 2013. Herpes Infection-Several Recommendations to Control (http://www.drlarrydirect.com/pages/Herpes-Infection %25252dSeveral-Recommendations-to-Control.html) I now tell potential lovers I have herpes even before the first date. It gets the weight of this guilt most herpes people have off my chest and to me it feels like the September 13, 2013. Tested positive for HSV 2 - (h) forum - Herpes Life (http://herpeslife.com/herpes-forum/discussion/129/t ested-positive-for-hsv-2/p1) I'm here to tell my story and get a little off my chest, even though my partner HSV 1 or 2 when considering the placement was no where near my genitalia and September 28, 2013. Herpes gladiatorum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_gladiatorum) Herpes gladiatorum is one of the most infectious of herpes caused diseases, and is painful fluid filled blisters, often on the neck, chest, face, stomach, and legs. Some individuals can have very mild symptoms that may not be taken as September 23, 2013. Can you get fever blisters on your chest - WikiAnswers (http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Can_you_get_fever_blister s_on_your_chest) I went to a dermatologist for a recent outbreak in the middle of my chest. It was Herpes Simplex Virus 1 or "fever blisters" that initally appeared as a red inflamed September 27, 2013. Herpes: The Facts - AIDS Committee of Guelph and Wellington County (http://www.aidsguelph.org/herpes-the-facts) When many people first tell someone they have genital herpes, they start by and "wrestler's herpes," (herpes gladiatorum) a herpes infection on the chest or September 16, 2013. Do I have HSV 2 now? - herpes hsv2 | Ask MetaFilter (http://ask.metafilter.com/204670/Do-I-have-HSV-2-no w) I have already left a message on my doctors voice mail and hope to get in get an infection on your chest and it's called wrestler's herpes, etc. September 19, 2013. hiv positive w/ herpes in chest - Forum on Choosing Your Meds (http://www.thebody.com/Forums/AIDS/Treatment/Q10767.html) 17 Oct 2000 It got to the point where I couldn't even drink water. I was put in the hospital and then they found out that I have herpes in my chest. It's not in my September 29, 2013. Can a first outbreak of Herpes appear on your chest? - Yahoo! Answers (http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index%3Fqid%3D200 81112123410AAU7YJ0) My buddy said he had his first outbreak of herpes on his chest. It was a horseshoe shapped row of bumps. Ive read information on various sites September 12, 2013. So I have Herpes... Maybe? - (h) forum - Herpes Life (http://herpeslife.com/herpes-forum/discussion/1121/ so-i-have-herpes-maybe/p1) I've become bitter, caught in the limbo of having herpes and my life being 'over', and being what it always was. I just had to get somethings off my chest. September 24, 2013. The Perks of Herpes | The Hairpin (http://thehairpin.com/2012/04/the-perks-of-herpes) 16 Apr 2012 My risks are likely even lower; I got genital herpes from oral sex, and HSV 1 is even harder He reclaimed his hand and rested it on his chest. September 9, 2013. Worried I have herpes please help - Topix (http://www.topix.com/forum/health/herpes/TUF0VBLBH9 BNKPIR2) I haven't noticed any unusual urination or discharge changes... but now I'm linking my chest infection to the rash I've just found, and convincing September 15, 2013. How Long Between Exposure and 1st Outbreak? - Herpes Message (http://www.healthboards.com/boards/herpes/328763-ho w-long-between-exposure-1st-outbreak.html) 30 Sep 2005 I had my 1st outbreak of genital herpes three years ago. They were on my nose, my neck, my chest, my mouth, inside my mouth...it was September 26, 2013. I have herpes, can that cause a rash on my chest and... - JustAnswer (http://www.justanswer.com/health/0qv2j-herpes-cause -rash-chest.html) Question I have herpes, can that cause a rash on my chest and... 8Z. Find the answer to this and other Health questions on JustAnswer. October 1, 2013. Tested positive for Genital Herpes on my chest through viral culture (http://www.medhelp.org/posts/STDs/Tested-positive-f or-Genital-Herpes-on-my-chest-through-viral-culture --/show/478231) Could my current results be a false positive? Could his results be a false negative ? How did I get genital herpes on my chest? I have made a September 22, 2013. Thread: Red itchy dots/spots on Upper Chest? - Herpes-Coldsores.Com (http://www.herpes-coldsores.com/messageforum/showth read.php%3F19504-Red-itchy-dots-spots-on-Upper-Ches t) 29 Jul 2009 I have no idea in heLL how it got up to my upper chest but the last few and now that I'm all paranoid since I've gotten HSV I'm wondering to September 14, 2013. Myths and Facts About Herpes - HealthAssist.net (http://www.healthassist.net/myth-fact/herpes.shtml) Learn more and have a better understanding of the herpes, including how it and "wrestler's herpes," (herpes gladiatorum) a herpes infection on the chest or face. Myth: My partner has herpes but I have never had any symptoms, so I cannot September 30, 2013. Can you realistically catch herpes on your chest from boob sex (http://www.healthcentral.com/genital-herpes/c/quest ion/49086/35623) 30 Jul 2008 I know this sounds crass, but I've been seeing a guy and because we're Anyway, I heard that I could catch herpes on my chest from what we September 10, 2013. My Herpes Confession | MORE Magazine (http://www.more.com/member-voices/your-stories/my-h erpes-confession) 17 Jun 2013 He's having a good time, but my chest is filling up with anxiety with every Of course not all people who get herpes are screwing every Joe or September 21, 2013. Herpes? Please help! - Better Medicine Forums (http://forums.bettermedicine.com/showthread.php/965 4-herpes-please-help) Yesterday my chest hurt a lot, and today my back. My suggestion to you is to get tested...it MUST be a Herpes Select test...it determines if it is September 25, 2013. Is this herpes?? at Herpes Support, topic 371896 - Cure Zone (http://curezone.com/forums/am.asp%3Fi%3D371896) is curing I notice another spot on a body part of which I think that it's not a very common body part for herpes: I have one on my underarm, one on my chest, one September 18, 2013. Does Herpes Look Like A Pimple? - panab - HubPages (http://panab.hubpages.com/hub/Does-Herpes-Look-Like -A-Pimple) 12 Sep 2008 We'll have to go through the cycle of a herpes outbreak in order to give you a If you're still uncertain whether it's a pimple or herpes, then my September 8, 2013. Dr. Oz and Dr. Phil, how do I know when my herpes is contagious (http://www.oprah.com/own-ask-oprahs-all-stars/Ask-O prahs-All-Stars-Thats-Embarrassing/7) 11 Nov 2011 Dr. Oz and Dr. Phil, how do I know when my herpes is contagious, and how do I tell my partner that I have herpes? you do and I don't want you to think that you got a big Scarlet letter on your chest now, that you're not gonna Comments about this video:Thanks a lot for the movie. I really did suffer with herpes for almost Two years with multiple skin breakouts till I've found this simple & helpful method of treatment. Have a look at the following web site for additional information: help1.info/get-rid-of-herpes. Cure your herpes. I never had herpes but I know how to cure it. I cured sciatica and flu - medically incurable. I volunteer for the Cure drive and I will help you. Greg 813-784-1495. October 2, 2013. Red breakout on my chest - Herpes - MedHelp (http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Herpes/Red-breakout-on -my-chest/show/1061503) I often get a round red breakout on my chest. I was diagnosed with herpes 2 many years ago but only had 2 breakouts in 7 years. About a year December 5, 2013. Can I Spread The Herpes Simplex Infection Around My Body? (http://www.hellolife.net/herpes/b/can-i-spread-the- herpes-simplex-infection-around-my-body/) 5 Feb 2009 Herpes is very common among the United States. About 20 of people over the age of twelve years old have HSV-2, although most do not know December 6, 2013. Living with Herpes - User Stories - Sexually Transmitted Diseases (http://std.about.com/u/ua/herpes/herpesuserstories. 17.htm) A couple days later after my not talking to him he tells me that I have herpes. On the flip side, I'm anxious to get this off my chest and see if I can be accepted, December 7, 2013. Chest complication with herpes? - Herpes-Coldsores.Com (http://www.herpes-coldsores.com/messageforum/thread s/chest-complication-with-herpes.59411/) I am getting burning in my stomach and dry cough like I need to clear my lungs but nothing comes out. I got this when I first contracted oral December 8, 2013. So I have Herpes... Maybe? - (h) forum - Herpes Life (http://herpeslife.com/herpes-forum/discussion/comme nt/3894) I've become bitter, caught in the limbo of having herpes and my life being 'over', and being what it I just had to get somethings off my chest. December 9, 2013. Just Taking It Day By Day : I Have Herpes Story & Experience (http://www.experienceproject.com/stories/Have-Herpe s/3576468) 15 Oct 2013 I found out I had herpes about 4 months or so ago. I guess, the major thing I want off my chest is that, I didn't go through a "run of the mill" December 10, 2013. Herpes Board Index: genital herpes on chest (http://index.healthboards.com/herpes/genital-herpes -on-chest/1/) Pages: 1 2, Showing 1 - 20 of 37 for genital herpes on chest. I thought it was an allergy but my friend said it is herpes.can you get herpes on your body.I have December 11, 2013. Herpes : The Facts : ReachOut.com USA (http://us.reachout.com/facts/factsheet/herpes) If you have herpes, it's important to eat well and exercise because you're more likely to have an outbreak if you are Just Need To Get This Off My Chest. December 12, 2013. If I get cold sores on my lip does it mean I have herpes? | ZocDoc (http://www.zocdoc.com/answers/9772/if-i-get-cold-so res-on-my-lip-does-it-mean-i-have-herpes) Oral herpes is a very common type of infection that is caused by the herpes simplex virus. Many "cold I've had cold sores on my lip on and off for years, like since I was a kid. Does this Why do I have acne on my chest all of the sudden? December 13, 2013. Patient Comments: Herpes Simplex Infections (Cold Sores (http://www.onhealth.com/herpes_simplex_infections_n on-genital/patient-comments-99.htm) Since I am in my fifties and never have had herpes, I didn't have any idea what now they are showing up on my chest and arm-because I probably spread it December 14, 2013. Is this herpes?? at Herpes Cure Forum, topic 371896 - Cure Zone (http://curezone.org/forums/am.asp%3Fi%3D371896) is curing I notice another spot on a body-part of which I think that it's not a very common body-part for herpes: I have one on my underarm, one on my chest, one December 15, 2013. Can you get herpes on your chest - Doctor expertise on HealthTap (https://www.healthtap.com/topics/can-you-get-herpes -on-your-chest) I have been having some rashes on my hand and chest and was wondering if it could be herpes or Hiv. I tested + for herpes 1 and - for hiv after 32 day? December 16, 2013. Can you get herpes sore on your arms and chest? - Yahoo Answers (http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index%3Fqid%3D201 00429013040AAp0dXG) Have you ever got an outbreak on your arm, chest, or legs? If so how do I I have herpes, never had it on my arms or legs. You should see a March 9, 2014. Shingles: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000 858.htm) Shingles (herpes zoster) is a painful, blistering skin rash. If an adult or child has direct contact with the shingles rash and did not have The rash usually involves a narrow area from the spine around to the front of the abdomen or chest. March 10, 2014. HowStuffWorks "How Herpes Spreads" (http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/problems/ medical/spread-herpes1.htm) Herpes spreads through skin contact and through bodily fluids. Can you spread herpes when you don't have a cold sore? my god, I must be lucky, I could of got it from 20 - 30 people from different ways, but I still do not have the virus, March 11, 2014. Herpes Symptoms - Diseases and Conditions - PDR Health (http://www.pdrhealth.com/diseases/herpes/symptoms) Oftentimes people do not know they have a herpes infection. Herpes is usually a mild Sores in the esophagus can lead to weight loss, difficult or painful swallowing, or chest pain. Fever and Check out my latest post on cholesterol drugs. March 12, 2014. Herpes: Natural Treatment, Causes, Diet & Remedies (http://www.home-remedies-for-you.com/remedy/Herpes. html) Common remedies for herpes are ice, tea bags, baking soda, aloe vera, and some mainly on the back, chest, scalp and face; Appearance of liquid-filled blisters, Herpes Treatment: I have some itchy blisters in the form of bunch at my hips March 13, 2014. Treating Feline Herpes Chest Congestion with Clavamox..Is this a (http://www.thecatsite.com/t/264408/treating-feline- herpes-chest-congestion-with-clavamox-is-this-a-goo d-antibiotic) Hi All, I'm totally new here so sorry if I ask questions that have already been well covered. My cat has a Upper Respiratory Virus..or Feline March 14, 2014. Getting It Off My Chest : I Have Herpes Story & Experience (http://www.experienceproject.com/stories/Have-Herpe s/3120025) Getting It Off My Chest : A true, personal story from the experience, I Have Herpes. I'm not one to write on things like this, but I've never been in more of a low March 15, 2014. I Have Herpes Zoster On My Chest Can I Join The Army (http://www.recruitersneverlie.com/i-have-herpes-zos ter-on-my-chest-can-i-join-the-army/) 19 Mar 2013 I received a MEPS consult for herpes zoster on my chest. I have passed the ASVAB, and OPI, will I be able to enlist in the Hindi language? March 16, 2014. Tested positive for HSV 2 - (h) forum - Herpes Life (http://herpeslife.com/herpes-forum/discussion/129/t ested-positive-for-hsv-2/p1) I'm here to tell my story and get a little off my chest, even though my partner knows and I havent had a blood test for HSV as it is pretty expensive and I have no March 17, 2014. Struggling to come to terms with genital herpes :(. Patient (http://www.patient.co.uk/forums/discuss/struggling- to-come-to-terms-with-genital-herpes 37325%3Fpage% 3D2) 11 Dec 2013 Thinking my bf would have been accepting about this I told him and his I've had nausea, headache, fatigue, chest rash, general aches and March 18, 2014. Symptoms Of Herpes Sores Or Rashes - The Body (http://www.thebody.com/h/symptoms-of-herpes-sores-o r-rashes.html) TheBody.com fills you in on the topic, symptoms of herpes sores or rashes, with a I have a rash all over my body that itches and burns and a slight sore. I have an itchy rash on my stomach, back, legs, chest and arms but it is worse on my March 19, 2014. Self help with herpes (shingles, cold sores etc) - just helen - HubPages (http://justhelen.hubpages.com/hub/Self-help-for-Her pes-shingles-cold-sores-etc) 27 Aug 2013 So I was completely bemused when I found a couple of burn like marks on my chest, which hurt like hell. I thought maybe my bra had been May 26, 2015. What is herpes? | Go Ask Alice! (http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/what-herpes) What are symptoms of the herpes virus? Planned Parenthood answers your questions about what testing and treatment options are available for this STD. May 27, 2015. What is herpes? | Go Ask Alice! (http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/what-herpes) What are the risks to my unborn baby if I have genital herpes? Will I need a cesarean delivery if I have herpes? Can my baby catch herpes from me (or someone else... May 28, 2015. Golden Rescue South Florida - available goldens (http://goldenrescue.weebly.com/) HELLO EVERYONE, I AM FROM INDIA, i to suffered from this disease, facial warts on my face, guys they were on my face for two years and i know how difficult it was as... May 29, 2015. Herpes simplex | University of Maryland Medical Center (http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/herp es-simplex) Golden retrievers for rescue... We are Riley and Skyler Riley is a 3 year old male. He is wearing a blue collar and weighs 65 lbs. May 31, 2015. Faster and Easier Treatment of Herpes Simplex - Dynamiclear (http://www.dynamiclear.com/) If you have been diagnosed with genital herpes, your sex life is certainly not at an end. June 1, 2015. Herpes zoster - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoster) Being a cold sore sufferer for many years, I was excited when offered Dynamiclear to recommend to our customers as a single dose product. Although a little skeptical... June 2, 2015. Herpes simplex - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes) Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, zoster, or zona, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters involving a limited area. Typically the... June 3, 2015. small blisters on my labia look like herpes, but I have no... (http://www.steadyhealth.com/small_blisters_on_my_la bia_look_like_herpes__but_I_have_no_other_symptoms_ t113233.html) Herpes simplex is a viral disease caused by the herpes simplex virus. Infections are categorized based on the part of the body infected. Oral herpes involves the face... July 10, 2015. Herpes cure? New clinical trial for HSV2 vaccine needs... (http://www.hwerks.com/herpes-cure-clinical-trial-hs v2-vaccine-research-testing/) 40 Reviews of Jivana Urgent Care "This is for Dr. Kerry Grey, who apparently has left Jivana. She was amazing. She would take time with you and understood your problems. July 13, 2015. Gout remedies, The best available natural and drug remedies. (http://www.best-gout-remedies.com/) Shingles, also known as zoster or herpes zoster, is a painful skin rash. It is caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV), the same virus that causes chickenpox. July 14, 2015. Removalists Adelaide | Budget Furniture Removals (http://www.budgetfurnitureremovals.com/) 40 Reviews of Jivana Urgent Care "This is for Dr. Kerry Grey, who apparently has left Jivana. She was amazing. She would take time with you and understood your problems. July 15, 2015. Herpes cure? New clinical trial for HSV2 vaccine needs... (http://www.hwerks.com/herpes-cure-clinical-trial-hs v2-vaccine-research-testing/) I am pretty sure I have shingles. When I was 16 I was diagnosed w/herpes simplex 2. I was devastated. To my thankful surprise, from age 18 to current (Im now 35) Ive... July 17, 2015. 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If you or someone in your care has chest pains, difficulty breathing, or severe bleeding... January 14, 2016. Adult Female Back (Rash, Growth, or Disease) | skinsight (http://www.skinsight.com/searchResults/adult_Female _Back.htm)... Mouth sores, Pain or discomfort and Teeth do not fit like they used... Oral herpes is a viral infection and causes... causes chest pain, nausea, and... January 16, 2016. rash on neck and shoulders - MedHelp (http://healthquestions.medhelp.org/rash-on-neck-and -shoulders) Herpes skin rash is rash that occurs during infection caused by herpes viruses. There are many herpes viruses which can cause herpes rash on... the chest, abdomen... January 18, 2016. Little red bumps on my chest? | Yahoo Answers (https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=200802 15072137AAbu46L) rash on neck and shoulders... instead of muscle pain i seem to have pain spots in the center of my chest one on each side close to the center... January 19, 2016. Genital Herpes: The Basics - HealthCentral (http://www.healthcentral.com/genital-herpes/underst anding-genital-herpes-2518-143.html) Despite their name, cold sores have nothing to do with colds. Some people confuse cold sores with canker sores... Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus. January 20, 2016. Getting rid of blood spots on skin? | Go Ask Alice! (http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/g etting-rid-blood-spots-skin) Little red bumps on my chest? I have broken out with these little red bumps on my chest (not breasts)... Baby has a little red bumps on her chest!? January 21, 2016. What is this itchy red patch on my chest (picture... (https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=201103 20151912AAMpGWD) What is genital herpes? Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the herpes simplex viruses (HSV) type 1 and type 2. Most genital herpes is caused... January 22, 2016. Arm Burning Sensation - Symptoms, Causes, Treatments... (http://localhealth.com/article/arm-burning-sensatio n) My daughter and I have these ugly spots on our back, chest... Because skin problems have a number of causes and possible treatments... Herpes; HIV/AIDS; January 23, 2016. itching around labia & lips/rash between my legs and vag... (http://www.steadyhealth.com/topics/itching-around-l abia-lips-rash-between-my-legs-and-vag) Herpes on your leg... Is it possible? Save... you can have an actual sore cultured to see if it is herpes and also if it is oral or genital herpes. you can have an... January 24, 2016. Adult Female Chin (Rash, Growth, or Disease) | skinsight (http://www.skinsight.com/searchResults/adult_Female _Chin.htm) itching around labia & lips/rash between my legs and vag... Virus and around 80% of that 60% have no clue that they have herpes because most people either don't... January 26, 2016. Herpes Q & A | Do you have questions for Dr.Tom... - HSV 1-2 (http://www.herpes.com/showAskTom2.shtml) I ask because I believe I might have genital herpes, but am unsure if this is the case as the "herpes" are not confined to my genitals/butt/thighs... January 27, 2016. Already get cold sores on my lips can I contract genital... (http://www.medhelp.org/posts/STDs/Already-get-cold- sores-on-my-lips-can-I-contract-genital-herpes-thro ugh-oral-sex/show/247756) Dr. Tom answers questions about herpes, Page 2 Do you have any questions or concerns about what Herpes is, how it's spread, about the virus itself? January 28, 2016. Pimples On Lip Vs Herpes - Doctor answers on HealthTap (https://www.healthtap.com/topics/pimples-on-lip-vs- herpes) Already get cold sores on my lips can I contract genital herpes through oral sex... I have herpes too, and it's certainly not worth all this anger and angst;... January 30, 2016. What is this itchy rash on my chest? | ZocDoc Answers (https://www.zocdoc.com/answers/9325/what-is-this-it chy-rash-on-my-chest) Watch this slideshow of pictures on adult skin problems and learn to spot and treat... (Herpes Zoster) Herpes... pustules on the face and occasionally on the chest... May 12, 2016. I have a red pimple on my breast. Could it be cancer... (http://www.healthcentral.com/breast-cancer/c/questi on/299598/88629) What are Home Remedies for Heat Rash?... chest, stomach, ears, and face, and the baking soda is working for... but it may be more like a milder version of herpes. May 15, 2016. Adult Female Back (Rash, Growth, or Disease) | skinsight (http://www.skinsight.com/searchResults/adult_Female _Back.htm) Hair and scalp problems can be upsetting... If you or someone in your care has chest pains, difficulty breathing, or severe bleeding... May 16, 2016. Sores on face, neck, chest? | Yahoo Answers (https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=200801 22074208AAyCivv) Doctor insights on: Rash On Upper Back And... Appearing and dispiriting rashes onmy... There is a good possibility,,with that history than you have Herpes... May 17, 2016. i have calcium deposit in my chest | Other Respiratory... (http://www.steadyhealth.com/topics/i-have-calcium-d eposit-in-my-chest) Dark urine, rash, or chest pain (may occur three to four weeks later)... I have read and agree to WebMD's Privacy Policy. Submit and View Results or View Results. May 18, 2016. Signs of Herpes on the Penis | eHow (http://www.ehow.com/about_5444277_signs-herpes-peni s.html) Is it possible to get Herpes on the arm? Here's the deal... I have this spot on my arm just below my elbow... I have read that a type of herpes is similar to... May 19, 2016. Little Red Bumps on the Chest | LIVESTRONG.COM (http://www.livestrong.com/article/293043-little-red -bumps-on-the-chest/) Signs of Herpes on the Penis; Men's Herpes Symptoms; Mild Herpes Symptoms; You May Also Like. Early Herpes Symptoms in Men. There... Can Shingles Affect Your Joints? May 20, 2016. Neck Rash - Healthgrades (http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/neck-rash) I ask because I believe I might have genital herpes, but am unsure if this is the case as the "herpes" are not confined to my genitals/butt/thighs... May 24, 2016. Herpes simplex (cold sores). DermNet NZ (http://www.dermnetnz.org/viral/herpes-simplex.html) Common Rashes With Blisters... Herpes is caused by one of the two types of the herpes simplex virus... but it can also be found on the chest or arms. October 14, 2016. Abscess: Causes, Symptoms, Tests, and Treatment (http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/abscess)... specifically, on my chest area. Penny Arcade; The Trenches; PAX;... Our rules have been updated and given their own forum... Spots / Rash, with no other symptoms. October 15, 2016. Is it a Lump or a Lymph Node? - Verywell (https://www.verywell.com/is-it-a-lump-or-a-lymph-no de-1191840) Call your doctor if any of the following occur with an abscess: You have a sore larger than 1 cm or... in an area anywhere between the abscess and your chest area... October 16, 2016. Itching small bumps with seedlike cores leave crater, scab... (http://www.steadyhealth.com/topics/itching-small-bu mps-with-seedlike-cores-leave-crater-scab-and-wont- heal) Is it a Lump or a Lymph Node?... So What is a Lymph Node Anyway?... Lymph nodes are found in the neck, armpits, chest... October 17, 2016. What are these bumps on my penis? | Scarleteen (http://www.scarleteen.com/article/advice/what_are_t hese_bumps_on_my_penis) A neck rash is an inflammatory reaction of the... which includes the front of the neck between the head and the chest and the nape of the neck just below the... October 18, 2016. Chin rash - RightDiagnosis.com (http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/chin_rash.htm) Itching small bumps with seedlike cores leave... now spreading all over chest. I have a few that... I guess it's the same meds as patience with the Herpes... October 19, 2016. Red, Sore bumps on my face but they don't come to a head... (http://www.steadyhealth.com/topics/red-sore-bumps-o n-my-face-but-they-dont-come-to-a-head-like-a-pimpl e) What are these bumps on my penis?... I have been doing some internet research and think they are Fordyce's spots. They don't hurt or itch or anything... October 21, 2016. Itching or burning, Skin open sore and Skin rash: Common... (http://symptomchecker.webmd.com/multiple-symptoms?s ymptoms=itching-or-burning%7Cskin-open-sore%7Cskin- rash&symptomids=129%7C208%7C185&locations=6 8%7C68%7C68) Red, Sore bumps on my face but they don't come to a head like a pimple :( Save this for later... I have no idea what the problem is, I have cut out soft drinks... October 22, 2016. Honeycomb Herpes Forum - Support Group Online for HSV (https://honeycomb.click/topic/14217-could-this-have -been-my-1st-ob/) Itching or burning, Skin open sore and Skin rash... Pityriasis rosea is a rash causing pink, reddish, or purplish oval patches on the chest, belly, arms, and legs. October 23, 2016. Related Pictures & Quizzes - Rash 101: The Most Common... (http://www.medicinenet.com/rash/images-quizzes/inde x.htm)... (Herpes Zoster) Herpes... Many patients also have inhalant... Acne vulgaris is a noninfectious eruption of papules and pustules on the face and occasionally on... October 24, 2016. Scalp Problems | HealthLink BC (https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/health-topics/aa84397) Common Rashes With Blisters. Search the site GO. Skin Health... Herpes is caused by one of the two types of the herpes... but it can also be found on the chest or... October 25, 2016. Sores on the Genitals (Genital Ulcers) - Hesperian Health... (http://en.hesperian.org/hhg/Where_Women_Have_No_Doc tor:Sores_on_the_Genitals_(Genital_Ulcers)) Many people have hair or scalp problems. Hair may thin or fall out, break off, or grow slowly... If you or someone in your care has chest pains... October 26, 2016. Herpes simplex | DermNet New Zealand (http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/herpes-simplex/) I know that herpes are only supposed to appear on the mouth or genitals, but is it possible for them to occur elsewhere, as well, such as the shoulders or legs? I ask... October 27, 2016. I have herpes onmy chest - Revitol Skin Brightner - Sep 22... (http://skinbrightener.herbalous.com/i-have-herpes-o nmy-chest.html) Herpes simplex (cold sores... nearly all children have been infected by the age of 5... particularly when affecting the lower chest or lumbar region... | Mid | [
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Macrophage-activating factor produced by a T cell hybridoma: physiochemical and biosynthetic resemblance to gamma-interferon. Biochemical and biosynthetic evidence has been obtained which indicates that the macrophage activating factor (MAF) produced by the murine T cell hybridoma clone 24/G1, which primes macrophages for nonspecific tumoricidal activity, is a form of gamma-interferon (IFN gamma). MAF and antiviral activities were generated by the clone in proportional amounts under a variety of culture conditions. Production of both activities showed identical dependence on cell density even when production precipitously ceased at cell concentrations greater than 1.2 X 10(6) cells/ml. MAF and antiviral activities displayed identical sensitivities to pH and temperature and were indistinguishable on the basis of binding to insolubilized polynucleotides. Dye-ligand chromatography of a stimulated hybridoma supernatant on a column of Matrex Gel Red A resulted in the 1500-fold purification and 100% recovery of the MAF activity. A qualitatively identical elution profile was also obtained for the antiviral activity; however, only 32% of the original activity was recovered. When subjected to gel filtration on a high performance liquid chromatography system (HPLC), the MAF and antiviral activities present in the Matrex Red pool displayed identical elution profiles and exhibited an apparent m.w. of 50,000. This technique resulted in another 10-fold purification and 50% recovery of the two activities. On HPLC chromatofocusing the MAF activity in the Matrex Red pool could be resolved into seven chromatographically distinct species yet could not be resolved from the antiviral activity on either a qualitative or quantitative basis. These results thus provide quantitative molecular evidence to support the concept that IFN gamma can act as a MAF. | High | [
0.713395638629283,
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Acquiescent response bias as an aspect of cultural communicationstyle. Paper presentedat the 25th Congress of the International Association for Applied Psychology, Singapore. Google Scholar Uba, L. ( 1994 ). Asian Americans: Personality patterns, identity, and mental health. New York: Guilford. Google Scholar van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Leung, K. ( 1997 ). Methods and data analysis of comparative research. In J. W. Berry, Y. H. Poortinga, & J. Pandey (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology: Vol 1: Theory and method. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Google Scholar Wallace, A. F. C. ( 1952 ). The modal personality of the Tuscarora Indians as revealed by the Rorschach test (Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 150). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. Google Scholar Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. ( 1984 ). Negativity affectivity: The disposition to experience aversive emotional states. Psychological Bulletin, 96, 465 -490. Google Scholar Crossref | Medline | ISI World Development Report. ( 2002 ). Building institutions for markets. New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar Yang, J., Dai, X., Yao, S., Cai, T., Gao, B., McCrae, R. R., et al. ( 2002 ). Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality in Chinese psychiatric patients. In. P. T. Costa, Jr., & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality (2nd. ed., pp. 215 -222). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Google Scholar | High | [
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2015 in Pakistan The following lists events that happened during 2015 in Pakistan. Incumbents Federal government President: Mamnoon Hussain Prime Minister: Nawaz Sharif Chief Justice: until 16 August: Nasir-ul-Mulk 17 August-10 September: Jawwad S. Khawaja starting 10 September: Anwar Zaheer Jamali Events January January 4 – War in North-West Pakistan A United States airstrike kills 8 Uzbek people claimed to be linked with al-Qaeda. The Pakistan Air Force strikes Pakistani Taliban positions in Khyber Agency killing 31 militants. A bomb detonates at a volleyball match in Orakzai Agency killing four people and injuring eight. January 10 A suicide bomb attack on a Shiite mosque in Rawalpindi kills at least seven people. A traffic accident between an oil tanker and passenger coach en route to Shikarpur from Karachi on the Pakistan National Highway Link Road near Gulshan-e-Hadeed, Karachi, results in at least 57 dead and scores injured. January 25 – A massive blackout strikes Pakistan, leaving as much as 80 percent of the country without electricity at its height as officials rush to restore power. February February 13 – Pakistan announces the arrest of twelve Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan in relation to their alleged involvement in last year's school massacre. February 13 – Police and gunmen exchange gunfire in Peshawar after an explosion is reported at a nearby Shia mosque. February 17 – A bomb in a Shi'ite mosque in the Pakistani city of Rawalpindi kills at least two people and injures six. March March 15 – A bombing of a church in Lahore kills at least eleven people with 48 more injured. March 23 – The Pakistan Army claims to have killed 80 Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan fighters in fighting in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in recent days while the Taliban claims to have killed at least six soldiers. April May May 19 – Zimbabwe Cricket Team toured Pakistan to play International Cricket Series. It was the first tour by a Test-playing nation since the attack on the Sri Lankan cricket team in 2009. May 22 – First T20 Match was played between Pakistan And Zimbabwe at Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore. Tickets for both of the T20 matches sold out within two days, with 60,000 people attending the first game. June July August August 14 – People of Pakistan celebrated 69th independence day of their country on 14 August. September September 6 – People of Pakistan celebrated Defense day of their country on 06 Sep. Arts Cinema Economy 2014–15 Pakistan federal budget 2015–16 Pakistan federal budget Sport Cricket International Pakistani cricket team in New Zealand in 2014–15 Zimbabwean cricket team in Pakistan in 2015 Domestic 2015 Haier Super 8 T20 Cup 2014–15 Haier T20 Cup Football 2014–15 Pakistan Premier League Deaths February 23 – Justice Rana Bhagwandas May 12 – Saulat Mirza, murderer (b. 1971; executed) Public holidays See also Timeline of Pakistani history 2015 in Pakistani television List of Pakistani films of 2015 References Category:Years of the 21st century in Pakistan Pakistan Category:2010s in Pakistan Pakistan | Low | [
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Q: Get Custom Attribute on ASMX Web Service from HTTP Module Here's the situation: Legacy ASP.NET product. A lot of old ASMX services (among other types of endpoints - ASPX, ASHX, etc). We're enhancing some security logic. Part of the changes dictate defining the application module to which each ASMX service belongs. We plan to use the custom attribute shown below for this purpose. [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class)] public class ModuleAssignmentAttribute : Attribute { public Module[] Modules { get; set; } public ModuleAssignmentAttribute(params Module[] modules) { Modules = modules; } } Below is a sample of how the module will be applied to an ASMX service. [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] [ModuleAssignment(Module.ApplicationModuleA)] public class SomeService : System.Web.Services.WebService { [WebMethod(true)] public string GetValue() { return "Some Service Value"; } } The HTTP module below will be used to authorize access to the service. public class MyAuthorizationModule : IHttpModule { public void Dispose() { //clean-up code here. } public void Init(HttpApplication context) { context.PreRequestHandlerExecute += new EventHandler(OnAuthorizeRequest); } public void OnAuthorizeRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (HttpContext.Current.Handler == null) return; Attribute att = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(HttpContext.Current.Handler.GetType(), typeof(ModuleAssignmentAttribute)); if (att != null) { Module[] modules = ((ModuleAssignmentAttribute)att).Modules; // Simulate getting the user's active role ID int roleId = 1; // Simulate performing an authz check AuthorizationAgent agent = new AuthorizationAgent(); bool authorized = agent.AuthorizeRequest(roleId, modules); if (!authorized) { HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear(); HttpContext.Current.Response.StatusCode = 401; HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.CompleteRequest(); } } } The problem is that, for ASMX web services, the following line of code from the HTTP module returns null (note that this works for ASPX pages). Attribute att = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(HttpContext.Current.Handler.GetType(), typeof(ModuleAssignmentAttribute)); The value of HttpContext.Current.Handler.GetType() in this situation is "System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory+HandlerWrapperWithSession". That type is apparently unaware of the custom attribute defined on the ASMX service. Any ideas on how to get the custom attribute from the ASMX service type in this scenario? A: Here's a solution to the problem. Requires reflection. Ugly and fragile code - I wouldn't recommend using it if you don't have to. I'd be interested to know if I'm overlooking a more elegant way. public void Init(HttpApplication context) { context.PreRequestHandlerExecute += new EventHandler(OnAuthorizeRequest); } public void OnAuthorizeRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (HttpContext.Current.Handler == null) return; Attribute att = null; // ScriptHandlerFactory+HandlerWrapperWithSession is the type of handler for ASMX web service calls to web methods that use session. // This class is internal, so need to do a string comparison here (is there another way?). if (HttpContext.Current.Handler.GetType().ToString() == "System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory+HandlerWrapperWithSession") { // HandlerWrapperWithSession has a protected field named "_originalHandler" that it inherits from HandlerWrapper. FieldInfo originalHandlerField = HttpContext.Current.Handler.GetType().GetField("_originalHandler",BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); object originalHandler = originalHandlerField.GetValue(HttpContext.Current.Handler); // The _originalHandler value is an instance of SyncSessionHandler. // The inheritance tree for SyncSessionHandler is: // // WebServiceHandler // ----> SyncSessionlessHandler // ----> SyncSessionHandler // // We need to walk the tree up to the WebServiceHandler class. bool exitLoop = false; Type t = originalHandler.GetType(); while (t != null) { // WebServiceHandler is internal, so again another string comparison. if (t.ToString() == "System.Web.Services.Protocols.WebServiceHandler") { // WebServiceHandler has a private field named protocol. This field has the type HttpGetServerProtocol. FieldInfo protocolField = t.GetField("protocol", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); object protocolValue = protocolField.GetValue(originalHandler); // The inheritance tree for ServerProtocol is: // // HttpServerProtocol // ----> HttpGetServerProtocol // // We need to walk the three up to the HttpServerProtocol class. Type t2 = protocolValue.GetType(); while (t2 != null) { if (t2.ToString() == "System.Web.Services.Protocols.HttpServerProtocol") { // HttpServerProtocol has an internal property named MethodInfo. This property has the type LogicalMethodInfo. PropertyInfo methodInfoProperty = t2.GetProperty("MethodInfo", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); object methodInfoValue = methodInfoProperty.GetValue(protocolValue); // The LogicalMethodInfo class has a DeclaringType property. This property stores the type of the ASMX service. att = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(((LogicalMethodInfo)methodInfoValue).DeclaringType, typeof(ModuleAssignmentAttribute)); exitLoop = true; break; } t2 = t2.BaseType; } } if (exitLoop) break; t = t.BaseType; } } else { att = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(HttpContext.Current.Handler.GetType(), typeof(ModuleAssignmentAttribute)); } if (att != null) { Module[] modules = ((ModuleAssignmentAttribute)att).Modules; // Simulate getting the user's active role ID int roleId = 1; // Simulate performing an authz check AuthorizationAgent agent = new AuthorizationAgent(); bool authorized = agent.AuthorizeRequest(roleId, modules); if (!authorized) { HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear(); HttpContext.Current.Response.StatusCode = 401; HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.CompleteRequest(); } } } I had to use Reflector + runtime debugging to find this solution. | Low | [
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package cronexpr import ( "github.com/google/gofuzz" "sync" "testing" "time" ) var Expressions = []*Expression{ MustParse("* * * * *"), MustParse("0 * * * *"), MustParse("0 0 * * *"), MustParse("1 0 * * *"), MustParse("1 1 * * *"), MustParse("0 1 * * *"), MustParse("0 8 * * *"), MustParse("30 * * * *"), MustParse("30 0 * * *"), MustParse("30 10 * * *"), MustParse("30 10 31 * *"), } var Times = []time.Time{ time.Unix(0, 0), time.Unix(1548902941, 0), time.Unix(1548902942, 0), time.Unix(1548902943, 0), time.Unix(1548902944, 0), time.Unix(1548902945, 0), time.Unix(1548019288, 0), time.Unix(1548883288, 0), time.Unix(1548969688, 0), time.Unix(1548892799, 0), time.Unix(1548892800, 0), time.Unix(1548892801, 0), time.Unix(1548979200, 0), time.Unix(1548979201, 0), } func TestCronexpr(t *testing.T) { var wg sync.WaitGroup wg.Add(len(Expressions)) for _, e := range Expressions { go func() { for _, t := range Times { _ = e.Next(t) _ = e.NextN(t, 2) _ = e.NextN(t, 5) _ = e.NextN(t, 10) _ = e.NextN(t, 12) _ = e.NextN(t, 1) _ = e.NextN(t, 7) _ = e.NextN(t, 70) } wg.Done() }() } wg.Wait() } func TestFuzz(t *testing.T) { f := fuzz.New().NilChance(0) var wg sync.WaitGroup wg.Add(len(Expressions)) for _, e := range Expressions { go func() { for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ { var ts int64 f.Fuzz(&ts) t := time.Unix(ts, 0) _ = e.Next(t) _ = e.NextN(t, 2) _ = e.NextN(t, 5) _ = e.NextN(t, 10) _ = e.NextN(t, 12) _ = e.NextN(t, 1) _ = e.NextN(t, 7) _ = e.NextN(t, 70) } wg.Done() }() } wg.Wait() } | Low | [
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"The biggest social injustice I've seen in all my entire lifetime is the criminalization and prohibition of marijuana," Erb told CTV British Columbia on Friday. Erb told the station he is pledging up to $500,000 to match donations made to Sensible B.C. over the coming months. On its site, Sensible BC says it is working "to decriminalize the simple possession of cannabis in British Columbia through the Sensible Policing Act. "The Sensible Policing Act would amend the Police Act, to redirect all police in the province from taking any action, including searches, seizures, citations or arrests, in cases of simple cannabis possession by adults." | Low | [
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Q: Find the Min Even Integer and Max Even Integer in an Array int i,max,min; int A[11]; min = A[1]; max = A[1]; for(i=1;i<=10;i++) { if(min > A[i] && A[i]%2 ==0 ) min = A[i]; if(max < A[i] && A[i]%2 ==0 ) max = A[i]; } printf("Minimum Even : %d\n",min); printf("Maximum Even : %d\n",max); getch(); } When I fill my array with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Why is the minimum even number equal to 1? A: This test case exposes one of the dark sides of your code where you have initialized your min and max to A[1] regardless of whether A[1] is odd or even. Problem: There may be cases where the array does not contain any even number. In such cases, you may wish to print so instead of printing -1 or INT_MIN or INT_MAX. If you are new to INT_MIN and INT_MAX, this will serve as a starter before proceeding to the solution. Solution: This solution modifies your code in such a way that it handles all the cases given that you provide the inputs without any error. Have a flag to know whether you found your min and max: int foundAnswer = 0; Add the header file limits.h and initialize your min and max as follows: min = INT_MAX; max = INT_MIN; Modify your loop such that the flag serves a purpose: Note: Don't waste the zeroth index of your array without any reason. Modify your array declaration and input loop accordingly before changing this one. for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; ++i) { if (A[i] % 2 == 0) { foundAnswer = 1; if (A[i] < min) min = A[i]; if (A[i] > max) max = A[i]; } } Modify your printing code slightly so that all the cases are covered. if (foundAnswer) { // Print min // Print max } else { // Print "min and max not found" } Bonus: You can learn from the following links in order to optimize your code: How do I check if an integer is even or odd using bitwise operators The algorithms discussed here will provide you with a better time complexity to achieve the same. | Mid | [
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Story highlights Facebook twice removes a picture of Swedish firefighter with severe burns The company apologized, says it was "removed in error" (CNN) Swedish firefighter Lasse Gustavson has lived with severe burns on his face for 35 years -- most of his adult life -- after surviving an industrial fire in the line of duty. Something about a picture of him celebrating his 60th birthday this month caught the attention of Facebook's monitors. The image was removed from the social media site two times after Gustavson's friend posted it. Amid widespread backlash, the social media site has apologized for taking down the picture, saying it was "removed in error." "We have corrected the problem and notified the person who posted it to let them know and apologize," the company said. Read More | Mid | [
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A pollination disaster and resulting food shortage will affect all of us - not just gardeners or farmers. Everyone who likes to eat will be impacted by shortage of certain crops and/or sky high prices. So what is a food-eating person supposed to do? 2) Buy Organic: In addition to not using pesticides at home, it is important to support those farmers who eschew pesticides when they grow our food. If you go to the farmers' market, ask if the farm uses pesticides. Many farms do not use pesticides but either cannot afford organic certification or are in the process of becoming "organic." While you are buying from your favorite farmer, buy flowers - if they offer them. The best farmers load their fields with flowers for healthy soil, pollinators and wildlife. Support their efforts and beautify your home. 3) Plant for Pollinators: Habitat destruction is another primary cause of the pollinator demise. What was once fields of wild flowers are now rows of neatly mowed lawns. Dead branches and entire trees used to stand - or fall - where they may. Now, we lop off branches, cut down trees, and grind them in to mulch. Most yards - including mine! - are filled with non-native and sometimes invasive species. I recently read, though, that "our wildlife gardens are the one of the last lines of defense to protect . . . native pollinators." Nasturtium, borage and other pollinator friendly flowers in between raised beds increase pollination of your veggies and provide forage for pollinators. Plant flowers and flowering plants to provide pollinators with the food they need. Natives are best - though times are desperate for pollinators and habitat is limited. In light of the pesticide treated plants sold at Lowe's, Home Depot and Orchard Supply, I'd recommend growing from organic seed/propagating your own plants, exchanging plants with friends, buying starts at the farmers' market and either looking for organic plants or buying from a nursery that can assure you its plants are not pre-treated with pesticides. Also, look for plants that bloom in spring, summer and fall and go for a mix of perennials and annuals so that pollinators can forage almost year round. My wall of birdhouses. Some have been occupied by birds. Two are currently occupied by bumble bee colonies. You read that right! I've bought up every birdhouse I come across at garage and estate sales. Mostly because I like the look. Unfortunately, you cannot clean out a bird nest from of some birdhouses. No worries! Bumble bees will thank you for it. I currently have three birdhouses that are host to three different bumble bee colonies. I know I'm not alone. Check out this an article about a colony of bumbles in another birdhouse. A birdhouse with an abandoned bird's nest becomes home to a bumble bee colony and my veggie garden and fruit trees get pollination galore! Wednesday, May 22, 2013 Though I'm currently a resident of Halifax, Nova Scotia, and thus will be blogging from that perspective, I've hopped around three provinces in my twenty "something" years and lived in cities big and small - sometimes surrounded by like-minded people, and other times....not so much. I'm still working on my identity, which continues to evolve with each new endeavour and the influences of the individuals I meet, but in an effort to provide a worthwhile introduction to you, Green Phone Booth readers, I'd say I fall somewhere amongst the feminist-environmentalists. While I'm not nearly an expert on living Green and still have tonnes to learn about eco-friendly decisions, I care deeply about our planet and strive to live gently upon it. I subscribe to the belief that if you want to be a feminist, you are one. I would like to declare that the same can be said about environmentalists. If you want to make mindful decisions regarding what you consume, produce, purchase, and promote, then you're on the right track. Regardless of what the title may be, if you're making the *effort* to be eco-friendly, green, conscientious, low-emission, low-impact, carbon footprint-less, or an environmentalist, then that's what counts. It doesn't have to be all-or-nothing - though kudos to those who are! Speaking of titles, I'm the Mindful Echo because it reflects my state of being and actions. I spend a lot of time (perhaps too much) inside my head. Thinking and re-thinking decisions and their impacts. How can I live a life in balance with nature without it becoming an all-consuming life focus? I strive to be mindful of the environment; of what it provides me, and how I can respect and repay its contributions to my life. You can look forward to me elaborating on some of these issues in future posts. I'll also be providing my perspectives on Canadian and local issues and how I work to live Green at a household level with my partner, two cats and a dog, including travel, crafting, and locally-sourced delicious food. When I'm not posting here, you can read my other thoughts at www.halitrax.com or follow me on Twitter @echoesofmymind Monday, May 20, 2013 Today is Victoria Day here in Canada, a holiday held in celebration of the late Queen Victoria's birthday. It's considered the unofficial kick-off to summer, much like Memorial Day in the United States. With warmer days ahead, this weekend is also often viewed as the time to get your garden going. It seemed like the perfect time to post about growing food. I live in a house with a good-sized backyard, which includes several gardening beds. While I have ample space for all of my plants on the surface, the truth is I always want more. Like many gardeners, I'm excited by the prospect of growing things, and I'm eager to try new crops. As a result, even in my relatively large space, I use some small-space gardening solutions into my suburban homestead. Today, I'll share three with you. Three Small-Space Gardening Solutions 1. Potato Planters This year I purchased some potato patio planters from my local seed and gardening supplier. These three sturdy plastic bags hold about 40 liters of dirt each, and I've planted six potato plants in each. They're relatively light, so they can be moved if you need to re-arrange your small space. when you're ready to harvest, you can just dump the bags out and you've got potatoes. I've found that they work really well, and since potatoes store well you can enjoy the fruits of your labour well into the fall and winter. 2. Re-purposed Greens Planter Living in the Pacific Northwest, as I do, slugs and wood bugs (or pill bugs, or potato bugs) are always a problem. After a few years of planting tender baby greens only to find them eaten in their infancy, I've learned that I get better results if I put my lettuce in planters rather than directly into my garden, at least until they're big enough to not be eaten in a single bite. For my baby greens, I use old plastic strawberry containers as planters. Lettuce doesn't put down very deep roots, and this is a great way to reuse something I already have on hand. 3. Herbs Grow Anywhere Many herbs grow like weeds. For example, I first purchased my peppermint plant in 1999, and for the first years of its life it grew in a planter on my apartment balcony. When I moved into this house in 2003, it made the transition to a corner of my garden. It grows almost anywhere, it smells lovely, it's edible, and when it flowers it attracts beneficial insects, providing fabulous natural pest control. Whether you have a small clay pot or a small corner in your garden, herbs are a great small-space plant choice. What small-space solutions do you use, to get the most out of your garden? Friday, May 17, 2013 EcoYogini shares a few thoughts on being paid to promote a product.... When I first started blogging I was excited to hear from a few companies wanting to give me "free stuff". My "bribes" have decreased significantly over the past two years (ie non existant), but over the course of my blogging career I have received a beautiful prAna revolution mat at 50% off, a gorgeous Tonic yoga top, a recycled content yogoco yoga mat bag, some makeup samples and a yoga book to review. I'm not going to lie, getting free stuff rocks, especially if it's products that I would endorse without bribery and can't normally afford (the prAna mat is a great example). Although it felt a little weird to get bribes from "the man"... no matter how awesome the company. More frequently in the blogging community, sponsorships and endorsement posts are the norm and an fabulous way to make a bit of money while doing something you love (blogging). However, when it comes to critical blogging, it becomes a balance to strive for unbiased reviews or reporting of information and essentially being "paid" to promote a certain product. This topic is an important one for the blogging community and although the environmental blogging community has discussed this on several occasions (please feel free to link in comments below- my memory is fuzzy this morning), other blogging spheres still have some work to be done hammering out what is ethical for your readers. Many blogs have product endorsement and sponsorship policies and guidelines publicly posted on their blog for potential sponsors and readers. Environmental blogs typically have strict guidelines regarding what companies and products they will endorse and often will state in some manner in the post a disclosure on sponsorship. Personally, I made a decision some time ago that I wouldn't accept an active, ongoing product endorsement and any "freebies" for review would only be accepted with the clear statement to the company that I would be critical and honest (even if I don't like the product). This doesn't mean I disagree with bloggers accepting endorsements, I just didn't want the pressure or hassle myself, personally. Recently, a blogger friend commented that they felt uncomfortable and disappointed when reading a sponsored post that was not clearly advertised in the post title. They felt misled that they were reading an unbiased review of a product only to discover at the very end of the post that it was sponsored. I will admit thatI do take sponsored posts with a grain of salt. It's hard not to when the writer is essentially paid to promote a product and as a result is not unbiased. It's the reality of accepting a sponsorship role in blogging. That said, I do appreciate when bloggers are honest about the origins of the review and potential bias, and I also feel very confident in certain bloggers' strict sponsorship and endorsement policies. What are your thoughts on blogging sponsorship? Do you have companies that you are confident promoting? Do you struggle advertising the fact that the post is sponsored? Friday, May 10, 2013 EcoYogini shares her secrets to figuring out beauty and baby products... Ever find yourself in the beauty-baby-makeup section of a natural/health foods store feeling like you just want, for once, companies to be HONEST about what the eff they put in their products? These days being a green consumer in the beauty product/baby product industry means you have to be super label, greenwashing, ingredient and company practices savvy. It can be overwhelming. In order to avoid random screaming in public and ranting to whomever will listen, I use several strategies and tips to make informed decisions about my product purchases. After a few questions on twitter and from a colleague on facebook, I thought maybe I'd share it with my Booth Peeps! LABELS/CLAIMS First things first: just because the product is in the "Natural" section or in a Health/Natural Foods store (or farmer's market) does not automatically mean that the product is free from chemicals or toxins. There are shades of "green" in the eco-beauty world with some products being cleaner than others. Also, it's important to recognize that some claims and labels have virtually NO policing or standardization and are basically meaningless. Companies can actually MAKE UP fake, or almost meaningless labels (I know! crazy eh?) For beauty-baby products there really are only a few labels that are of high quality and that matter: The Leaping Bunny (cruelty free), USDA Organic, EcoLogo and Canadian Organic (Bio). All other claims such as "Natural/Organic" simply stated on the product have absolutely no meaning- you should still peruse the ingredients closely. Even "Not Tested on Animals/Cruelty-Free" with any sort of image other than the leaping bunny don't have any standard testing or ways of proving it. INGREDIENTS For myself, the quickest way to finding a company or brand that I could trust was to just go through the work of checking the ingredients on the labels. Eventually, I recognized which companies were "cleaner" (ie less synthetic chemicals) than others. One way to familiarize yourself with ingredients is to read books... and since my eco-book preference is body product books this was not "work" for me. My two favourite eco-product books are: OR you could simply avoid any ingredients with long scary sounding names. This is tricky as some natural and safe ingredients may be listed by their scientific name, but for the most part companies will put their generic name in brackets afterwards. Whenever I found a product I was unsure about, or an ingredient I wondered about, I would go home, type in the product or ingredient in Skin Deep Database and go from there. COMPANIES Although some companies have my trust, I feel like the ingredient checking really is a BIG part of figuring out what products are the "cleanest" and what you can feel like you can live with. I rarely rely on company claims and am a habitual ingredient checker. Although it's a bit more awkward, I even check ingredients at craft fairs and farmer's markets. Lots of people use palm oil in their products (a no-no unless it's from certified sustainable sources!) and sometimes I will comment on an ingredient (often it's around soap- it's possible to make soap without palm oil so I'll gently decline buying the soap by saying I'm avoiding palm oil). Monday, May 6, 2013 The Climate Crusader is taking aim on fast fashion, with its unethical labour practices and wasteful ways. Over 600 Workers Dead More than a week ago, a garment factory in Bangladesh collapsed, killing more than 600 workers. If you follow the news, you've likely seen the story. Unfortunately, it appears not to be an isolated incident. A fire in a Bangladeshi garment factory in November killed more than 100 people, and a smaller fire in January killed seven. Here in Canada, news came out that clothing from the popular Joe Fresh line was manufactured at the plant. The company's CEO has been forthcoming and apologetic; they've promised to establish a relief fund and implement new standards around product manufacture. I'm glad to see that they're taking some degree of responsibility for the situation. However, I believe that we need more than one (or two, or three) companies to make a change. We all need to re-examine the way that we approach fashion. The Price of Fast Fashion "Disposable fashion" or "fast fashion" refers to the practice of moving fashion trends quickly and cheaply from the catwalk to your local store. The system relies on responsive supply chains and cheap manufacturing. As with nearly all manufacturing, this means going overseas to countries like Bangladesh, where wages are low and employment standards far less stringent. If you're paying $9.99 for a shirt, you can be sure that the person who sewed it is making very little. Our fashion system doesn't only pose ethical problems, which reveal themselves in collapsing buildings and dead workers. It's also tremendously wasteful and harmful to the environment. Those cheap clothes typically aren't all that well-made. If you only wear that $9.99 shirt a few times before it falls apart, then you need to buy another to replace it. And another. And another. All of those shirts carry an environmental footprint, from growing the cotton (which likely isn't organic, and therefore is treated with a lot of pesticides), to manufacture, to shipping, to heating and lighting the store, right down until you get in your car, head to the mall, and cart it home in a plastic bag. Even if you carry a reusable bag and cycle, you're still looking at a significant environmental impact. And then, at the end of the day, all the shirts that don't sell have to go somewhere, too. Moving Beyond Disposable Fashion This is all pretty depressing, but the good news is that as a consumer you have the power to vote with your wallet. Every time you spend money on clothing, you're making a statement about the kind of fashion you want. Here are a few ways to reduce your own reliance on disposable fashion: Shop second-hand. It takes a little more work, but thrift stores can be treasure troves or barely-worn (or even never-worn) clothing. All those designer brands that go out of style after a couple of months often find their way to second-hand or consignment shops. Not only is the clothing cheaper, but you're saving it from the landfill and often supporting charitable causes at the same time. Look for ethical fashion. Ethical fashion may be more expensive, but it's often better-made. If you invest in quality clothing items and take care of them, in the long run you may find that you spend far less on fashion. Buy less. This is the biggest and easiest step you can take. Every time you don't buy something, you're saving money and the planet. If you consider your purchases more carefully, you can avoid finding yourself in the situation of coming home with a bag of clothes that you don't actually even really like all that much. You're also stepping outside of that fast fashion system, that relies heavily on all of us buying more clothing than we really need. Friday, May 3, 2013 This week, as I wrote my umpteenth post about how much I love the farmers market, I realized how many wonderful things I have discovered only because of my permanent detour onto a greener path. Farmers Markets For me, one of the greatest benefits of living greener has been becoming connected to my local food economy and developing a greater appreciation for where our food comes from. Since I don't really garden, the farmers market for me is the shortest path of production available. Food has such far-reaching implications for our family's health, how land is used and the health of the planet. It is also a large and recurring expense. I view changing how I buy my food as one of the most important green changes I have made. In addition to feeling great about giving my family the healthiest and tastiest produce available, I feel good about consciously choosing to support small local sustainable farming. I like handing my money straight to the farmer. I have always said that I don't like shopping, but I have discovered that what I actually don't like is shopping in conventional grocery stores and mega-stores and especially malls. Thanks to our local farmers markets, now I often go more than a month without setting foot in a regular grocery store, which means no cheapy toys or salacious magazines at my kids' eye levels, no wandering through a dozen aisles to find the one thing I actually want, no processed foods beckoning, no checkout line. Love that. Homemaking I feel a strong sense of satisfaction every single time I make my whole wheat honey bread. It's still like a little miracle every time. Also, it smells amazing and tastes delicious. As one of my friends said, "After eating homemade bread, you can't go back." When I had my last baby, a lot of baking and cooking from scratch got put on hold, but I never stopped making bread. I appreciate the DIY self-sufficient ethic that comes with green living. As a SAHM, there is no final product at the end of the month for which I will receive accolades or a bonus. But going green has nudged me into cooking and baking more from scratch. It made me want to learn to sew in order to be able to mend and make things just the way I wanted them. And I have found that I really enjoy being able to make something, whether that's a loaf of bread or reusable gift bags, especially since as a SAHM, I often don't have much tangible evidence of what I've accomplished any given day. I still don't like to clean. Cloth Diapers I'm quite sure I never would have tried cloth diapers if I hadn't become concerned about the ingredients in disposable diapers. But switch I did, and you know what? Cloth diapers are better. They smell less, leak less, wipe better, and feel better (which would you rather wear: cotton or plastic underwear?). They are cuter and more versatile. And they will save you oodles of money. For months after switching from disposables my husband loved to calculate the money we were saving not buying them. Cloth diapering and having to deal with poop (note to disposable diaper users: you are supposed to deal with the poop too) also motivated me to give early potty training a try. And having tried it both ways, I can tell you that putting a baby on the potty is a lot more fun than convincing a 2.5-year-old to use one. | Mid | [
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#include "xmlvm.h" #include "java_lang_String.h" #include "java_lang_NullPointerException.h" #define XMLVM_CURRENT_CLASS_NAME NullPointerException #define XMLVM_CURRENT_PKG_CLASS_NAME java_lang_NullPointerException __TIB_DEFINITION_java_lang_NullPointerException __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException = { 0, // classInitializationBegan 0, // classInitialized -1, // initializerThreadId __INIT_java_lang_NullPointerException, // classInitializer "java.lang.NullPointerException", // className "java.lang", // package JAVA_NULL, // enclosingClassName JAVA_NULL, // enclosingMethodName JAVA_NULL, // signature (__TIB_DEFINITION_TEMPLATE*) &__TIB_java_lang_RuntimeException, // extends sizeof(java_lang_NullPointerException), // sizeInstance XMLVM_TYPE_CLASS}; JAVA_OBJECT __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException; JAVA_OBJECT __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_1ARRAY; JAVA_OBJECT __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_2ARRAY; JAVA_OBJECT __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_3ARRAY; //XMLVM_BEGIN_IMPLEMENTATION //XMLVM_END_IMPLEMENTATION static JAVA_LONG _STATIC_java_lang_NullPointerException_serialVersionUID; #include "xmlvm-reflection.h" static XMLVM_FIELD_REFLECTION_DATA __field_reflection_data[] = { }; static XMLVM_CONSTRUCTOR_REFLECTION_DATA __constructor_reflection_data[] = { }; static JAVA_OBJECT constructor_dispatcher(JAVA_OBJECT constructor, JAVA_OBJECT arguments) { XMLVM_NOT_IMPLEMENTED(); } static XMLVM_METHOD_REFLECTION_DATA __method_reflection_data[] = { }; static JAVA_OBJECT method_dispatcher(JAVA_OBJECT method, JAVA_OBJECT receiver, JAVA_OBJECT arguments) { XMLVM_NOT_IMPLEMENTED(); } void __INIT_java_lang_NullPointerException() { staticInitializerLock(&__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException); // While the static initializer mutex is locked, locally store the value of // whether class initialization began or not int initBegan = __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.classInitializationBegan; // Whether or not class initialization had already began, it has begun now __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.classInitializationBegan = 1; staticInitializerUnlock(&__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException); JAVA_LONG curThreadId = (JAVA_LONG)pthread_self(); if (initBegan) { if (__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.initializerThreadId != curThreadId) { // Busy wait until the other thread finishes initializing this class while (!__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.classInitialized) { // do nothing } } } else { __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.initializerThreadId = curThreadId; XMLVM_CLASS_USED("java.lang.NullPointerException") __INIT_IMPL_java_lang_NullPointerException(); } } void __INIT_IMPL_java_lang_NullPointerException() { // Initialize base class if necessary XMLVM_CLASS_INIT(java_lang_RuntimeException) __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.newInstanceFunc = __NEW_INSTANCE_java_lang_NullPointerException; // Copy vtable from base class XMLVM_MEMCPY(__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.vtable, __TIB_java_lang_RuntimeException.vtable, sizeof(__TIB_java_lang_RuntimeException.vtable)); // Initialize vtable for this class // Initialize interface information __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.numImplementedInterfaces = 1; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.implementedInterfaces = (__TIB_DEFINITION_TEMPLATE* (*)[1]) XMLVM_MALLOC(sizeof(__TIB_DEFINITION_TEMPLATE*) * 1); // Initialize interfaces if necessary and assign tib to implementedInterfaces XMLVM_CLASS_INIT(java_io_Serializable) __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.implementedInterfaces[0][0] = &__TIB_java_io_Serializable; // Initialize itable for this class __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.itableBegin = &__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.itable[0]; _STATIC_java_lang_NullPointerException_serialVersionUID = 5162710183389028792; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.declaredFields = &__field_reflection_data[0]; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.numDeclaredFields = sizeof(__field_reflection_data) / sizeof(XMLVM_FIELD_REFLECTION_DATA); __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.constructorDispatcherFunc = constructor_dispatcher; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.declaredConstructors = &__constructor_reflection_data[0]; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.numDeclaredConstructors = sizeof(__constructor_reflection_data) / sizeof(XMLVM_CONSTRUCTOR_REFLECTION_DATA); __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.methodDispatcherFunc = method_dispatcher; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.declaredMethods = &__method_reflection_data[0]; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.numDeclaredMethods = sizeof(__method_reflection_data) / sizeof(XMLVM_METHOD_REFLECTION_DATA); __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException = XMLVM_CREATE_CLASS_OBJECT(&__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException); __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.clazz = __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException; __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.baseType = JAVA_NULL; __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_1ARRAY = XMLVM_CREATE_ARRAY_CLASS_OBJECT(__CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException); __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_2ARRAY = XMLVM_CREATE_ARRAY_CLASS_OBJECT(__CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_1ARRAY); __CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_3ARRAY = XMLVM_CREATE_ARRAY_CLASS_OBJECT(__CLASS_java_lang_NullPointerException_2ARRAY); //XMLVM_BEGIN_WRAPPER[__INIT_java_lang_NullPointerException] //XMLVM_END_WRAPPER __TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException.classInitialized = 1; } void __DELETE_java_lang_NullPointerException(void* me, void* client_data) { //XMLVM_BEGIN_WRAPPER[__DELETE_java_lang_NullPointerException] //XMLVM_END_WRAPPER } void __INIT_INSTANCE_MEMBERS_java_lang_NullPointerException(JAVA_OBJECT me, int derivedClassWillRegisterFinalizer) { __INIT_INSTANCE_MEMBERS_java_lang_RuntimeException(me, 0 || derivedClassWillRegisterFinalizer); //XMLVM_BEGIN_WRAPPER[__INIT_INSTANCE_MEMBERS_java_lang_NullPointerException] //XMLVM_END_WRAPPER } JAVA_OBJECT __NEW_java_lang_NullPointerException() { XMLVM_CLASS_INIT(java_lang_NullPointerException) java_lang_NullPointerException* me = (java_lang_NullPointerException*) XMLVM_MALLOC(sizeof(java_lang_NullPointerException)); me->tib = &__TIB_java_lang_NullPointerException; __INIT_INSTANCE_MEMBERS_java_lang_NullPointerException(me, 0); //XMLVM_BEGIN_WRAPPER[__NEW_java_lang_NullPointerException] //XMLVM_END_WRAPPER return me; } JAVA_OBJECT __NEW_INSTANCE_java_lang_NullPointerException() { JAVA_OBJECT me = JAVA_NULL; me = __NEW_java_lang_NullPointerException(); java_lang_NullPointerException___INIT___(me); return me; } JAVA_LONG java_lang_NullPointerException_GET_serialVersionUID() { XMLVM_CLASS_INIT(java_lang_NullPointerException) return _STATIC_java_lang_NullPointerException_serialVersionUID; } void java_lang_NullPointerException_PUT_serialVersionUID(JAVA_LONG v) { XMLVM_CLASS_INIT(java_lang_NullPointerException) _STATIC_java_lang_NullPointerException_serialVersionUID = v; } void java_lang_NullPointerException___INIT___(JAVA_OBJECT me) { //XMLVM_BEGIN_WRAPPER[java_lang_NullPointerException___INIT___] XMLVM_ENTER_METHOD("java.lang.NullPointerException", "<init>", "?") XMLVMElem _r0; _r0.o = me; XMLVM_SOURCE_POSITION("NullPointerException.java", 36) XMLVM_CHECK_NPE(0) java_lang_RuntimeException___INIT___(_r0.o); XMLVM_SOURCE_POSITION("NullPointerException.java", 37) XMLVM_EXIT_METHOD() return; //XMLVM_END_WRAPPER } void java_lang_NullPointerException___INIT____java_lang_String(JAVA_OBJECT me, JAVA_OBJECT n1) { //XMLVM_BEGIN_WRAPPER[java_lang_NullPointerException___INIT____java_lang_String] XMLVM_ENTER_METHOD("java.lang.NullPointerException", "<init>", "?") XMLVMElem _r0; XMLVMElem _r1; _r0.o = me; _r1.o = n1; XMLVM_SOURCE_POSITION("NullPointerException.java", 47) XMLVM_CHECK_NPE(0) java_lang_RuntimeException___INIT____java_lang_String(_r0.o, _r1.o); XMLVM_SOURCE_POSITION("NullPointerException.java", 48) XMLVM_EXIT_METHOD() return; //XMLVM_END_WRAPPER } | Mid | [
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Seasonal dark – with the promise of light ‘Blow, blow, thou winter wind’ – these words of Shakespeare were put to music by Roger Quilter, who died in 1953 and lies buried in the family vault in Bawdsey Church. Winter is a time of passing, of light receding, darkness breeding. Animals hibernate, birds migrate. Most of our flora is dormant. The darkness is overpowering, sapping energy and intent. It was worse when the author was young. Candles, paraffin lamps, many rural dwellings did not have electricity. In the desperate days between 1939 and 1945 there was a complete ban on outside lighting – ‘blind as bats’, we were! But bats have their own radar, and yet wisely sleep the winters away. In the days of yore, rush-lights – dried rush stems dipped in animal fat, and the flowering Giant Mullein (pictured), dried and soaked in similar fashion – gave some degree of light in hall and hovel. In cold homes, dried branches of trees, or bundles of twigs, burned desultorily. In halls, homes of the powerful, they would have their roaring fires, great boughs of dried oak, giving light and warmth. A need to forage … In the changing days of autumn leading to winter, men and beasts would forage for nuts and anything edible to assuage their hunger. Crab apples would survive a frost or two, nuts and seeds would fall from hazel and beech. If ponds and rivers had not frozen, men’s ingenuity would find ways of catching fish, or eels, from the river bottom. What animal flesh was available had to be salted to preserve it for as long as possible. Emaciated Red or Roe Deer, seeking a winter’s bit of dried grass or moss, would also become man’s next meal. Nature’s hibernation plans do not include humans, but badgers, hedgehogs, dormice, and all reptiles become comatose for several months. And, suddenly, streaks of morning light! Glimmers of the sun, some warmth. After all those long nights, and deprivation, small wonder that our ancestors so readily celebrated the light, and being set free from the darkness. Let us, too, celebrate the Light. And be grateful for life’s gifts, so freely given, and welcome the Light into our hearts and our homes, our hearths and our houses. Christ tells us: ‘I AM the Light.’ Michael Stagg | Mid | [
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Wolf Snare Warning By Newsroom A wolf was shot and killed in a snare– illegally missing owner identification- in Duluth, and Dr. Maureen Hackett of Howling For Wolves, said [quote] “Most people don’t know that hidden all over our woods are snares that trap dogs and wild animals alike, holding them in misery until their death.” [end quote] | Low | [
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Final Descent Outdoors is going into it’s fourth year of being a national hunting show and our fifth year overall. With staff scattered from Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Georgia, Oklahoma, and Texas we are yearly able to harvest some great deer and capture some amazing footage for our viewers to enjoy. We take pride in the fact that we are “average joe’s” just like our viewers. We are school teacher, firefighters, ministers, salesmen, truck drivers, and everyday folks. The goal of Final Descent Outdoors is to produce the absolute best outdoor television possible for our fans and feature our sponsors and their products that help make us successful in the woods. We are passionate about hunting but we are also passionate about our faith in Jesus Christ. In life as well as the show our goal is to make God look good. Furthermore, we are family men and God has called each of us to lead our families. Our spouses and children come before any hunting season. We want to allow our viewers to walk with us through the unforgettable moments, the laughs, and the heart breaks. Aren’t those the emotions that bring us back to the woods over and over again? Our Blog We don’t have to tell you that men’s ministry is tough. On any given Sunday in America there are 13 million more adult women than men in attendance in our churches. Men don’t like to admit they are wrong or ask for help. To come into a relationship with Jesus we have to admit we are sinners (we are wrong) and that we need Jesus (help). So, creating events like a Wildgame Dinner is a great way to get men into the doors of the church, in a non-threatening environment and present them with the gospel. There are nearly 14 million hunters in the USA and using the common ground of the outdoors to reach those men is quickly becoming a very effective way to draw men into the church. However, this isn’t just about the man. When a man comes to faith in Christ the rest of the family follows 93% of the time. Our Church Doesn’t Have A Mens Ministry Budget, How Can We Pull It Off? I do realize that many churches don’t have much money set aside for men’s ministry. I do believe that this can be a huge outreach and you should figure out a way to make it happen. You should want to try and keep the event free if possible but many churches do charge to come to the event. There are benefits to charging outside of the actual money coming to help cover costs. You sell tickets and you have an idea on how many to expect, you can cap the event based on space and food if needed. This is all based on where your church is along the lines of funds to put on this event. We Have Never Done One, Where Do We Start? We realize that many churches have never hosted such an event and have no idea where to start. I have spoken at over 200 such events and have seen them done well and I have seen them done very poorly. Here is what you need to pull it off: Food: Don’t be scared by the name “Wildgame”. You can do several things here. One, ask men in the church to bring homemade wild game dishes, another great way to involve men in the church. You should also have other food available. Many churches will do chili, fried fish, or smoked meats. (Actually had several churches bring a whole smoked hog, people loved it. Apple in the mouth in all!). You want to make sure that you have plenty of food and fish and chili seem to go along way. Tea, water, and simple desserts keep all men happy, happy, happy! Date: We recommend doing the event between January-March or September-October. This is right before and right after the hunting season. Many churches choose Saturday or Friday evenings. However, you need to look at your church, your area, and decide what works best for you. Speaker: You can dream as big or as small as you want here. You want Phil Robertson? If you can afford him, do it! There are several outdoor TV personalities that speak at such events like myself. Jeff Danker of Major League Bowhunter, Jimmy Houston, Daniel McVay and Buddy Groom of Buckventures, Alex Rutledge of Bloodline TV, Jimmy Sites and many more (sorry if I left you off!) You don't have to have a TV guy by any means. Maybe it is someone in your church but you want someone who can clearly...clearly present the Gospel. Promotion: Many of these events succeed and fail by the amount of effort put into it through promotion. Don't make it all for not! Start with the men in your church and work out. Get them on board and bringing buddies. Then hang up flyers at local gun shops, bow shops, ranges, sport stores, etc. Run ads in the paper, USE SOCIAL MEDIA!!! Get the word out and get those guys in the door! Door Prizes: One of the best way to get guys in the door is by promoting the event and mentioning some amazing door prizes. Contact your local sporting good store, taxidermist, gun shop, bow shop, feed store, etc and ask for a tax deductible donation. Set aside some budget to also provide great prizes. Just an FYI...giving away guns means background checks and FFL transfers. To avoid embarrassment and the hassle we recommend giving away a muzzleloader as it doesn't require a background check or an FFL transfer. Plan Well: Men have a tendency to miss details. You can't. Plan out the schedule and hold to it, respect the folks that comes time the best you can. Plan to have food prepared and served. For door prizes, have runners take prizes to folks, this process can drag on forever if you don't speed it up. Plan for men to make decisions and follow up to be done. If men come accept Christ make sure proper follow up is done! Don't just say, they stood up, filled out a card, or raised there hand, good enough! Make sure you have there information. (I recommend having a card you do the drawing from with contact info and at the bottom have a response area for follow up afterwards). Pray: Last but for sure not least! There are so many lost men in your community that need Jesus, many of them love the outdoors. Pray that this event would appeal to them and that they would come and hear about Jesus. That is the end result. Bring men together to be challenged by the truth of the Gospel. If you have any questions about Wildgame Dinners please don't hesitate to reach out to us! | Mid | [
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I decided that trying to make diagonal heels was an exercise in futility. There’s probably a reason that many knitters smarter than myself have been knitting heels the way they are usually knit for probably thousands of years. D’ya think? Sometimes goofs end up producing something interesting and usable. Sometimes they don’t. That’s the way the stitch drops. So… I knit the heels again using plain, old heel stitch. I did one modification to fit the pattern: The scale on the back of the heel matches the scale on the front of the leg. I also continued the heel stitch up the leg until the side scale met the back scale. I think an abrupt transition to plain stockinette would have been too jarring. I’m really happy with the way that these heels turned out. So far the socks fit well and I love the color. But every time I knit on them, the same song starts running through my head: The George Thorogood and the Destroyers version of Who Do You Love: Snake skin shoes baby put them on your feet Got the goodtime music and the Bo Diddley beat Who do you love? I’m afraid these socks have been posing with pretensions of dragonhood and are fated to be named something rather snake-ish. I’m OK with that. I like snakes. Very interesting and often beautiful critters. I’d also like to clear up something that may have been misunderstood. I receive no monetary compensation from the sale of Cat Bordhi’s new book. I honestly think it’s a gorgeous book or I wouldn’t mention it — my name in it or not. In fact, I receive no compensation from anything on this blog with one exception: If you follow one of the Amazon links, like the one above for George Thorogood, and then actually buy something, I get few pennies. In all of the time I’ve blogged, I’ve managed to amass enough filthy lucre to get two free books. We ain’t gettin’ rich from blogging over here at chez PI. And I’m OK with that, too. That’s not why I’m here. | Mid | [
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1. Warm - Ally's Fuzzies ponchos are made with two layers of thick fleece, which is both extremely warm and extremely lightweight. As well, due to the construction of the poncho, warm air is able to be trapped in between the layers, keeping your little one even warmer! 2. Convenient - Ally's Fuzzies ponchos are easy to put on even the most wiggly child - simply unzip a little at the neck and slip it over the head. They work great in car seats and strollers and are extremely soft and comfy. 3. Safer - Both Transport Canada and car seat manufacturers recommend against using bulky snowsuits in car seats. These heavy snowsuits keep the safety restraints in a car seat from being as snug as they need to be, and can result in injury in the event of a car collision. With an Ally's Fuzzies poncho, the straps on the car seat are buckled underneath the poncho, keeping your child safe and warm! More information on the safety of aftermarket car seat accessories can be found at http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/roadsafety/s...1-menu-336.htm 4. Cute - Ally's Fuzzies Ponchos come in a variety of cute solid combinations as well as many gorgeous prints. With a handmade Ally's Fuzzies Poncho, your child will look great, stay toasty warm and be as safe as possible in your car this winter! How to Use an Ally's Fuzzies Poncho Step 1 - While inside, unzip the poncho a little bit, slip it over the head of your little one, and zip it back up. In reasonable weather, it can go over your child's regular clothes - in really cold weather it can go over a light jacket. Step 2 - Sit your little one in the car, and lift the back of the poncho over the back of the car seat. Step 3 - Unzip the poncho half way, buckle the five-point harness and re-zip the poncho. As you get better at this, you may find that you don't need to unzip the poncho at all. The age range on sizes are guidelines only, and depend on the height of your child/your preference about length. I like the poncho to be almost floor-length at the smaller end of the sizing scale, so there is lots of room to grow into it. Custom sizes are also available! If you have any questions, please feel free to send me a PM, or an e-mail at allysfuzzies @ hotmail.com. | High | [
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Welcome home, introvert. I'm Tyler, and I created Riskology to be a community where introverts master their psychology and make a dent in their universe—little steps every day to build something great. Join 25,000+ others just like you on our (totally free) email newsletter and I'll send you our Leadership for Introverts test to build your skills. The Pre-Mortem: A Simple Technique To Save Any Project From Failure An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Any doctor will tell you that. And so will any sick patient. So, why is it that age-old wisdom like this is rarely practiced? Few people exercise and eat right before they realize their health is failing. You rarely see anyone keep up their car before it breaks down. No one replaces their roof until water’s dripping on their head. What’s baffling about these problems is they rarely come out of the blue. They aren’t surprises; we see them coming. You can feel yourself slowly getting out of shape. You know if you never change your oil, your car is going to die. Every day you come home and, for a split second, notice the sagging in the roof before moving on to more pressing matters. The same is true for any risk-taker working on a big project with many moving pieces. As you maneuver through each day, it takes everything you’ve got to get through the massive pile of to-dos. You see certain things building up—things you know are going to cause big problems down the line, but they’re not urgent yet. More pressing matters get your attention. And you know if you allow them to go wrong, they could sink the project. They’re big risks, and they’re right in plain sight! As a smart introverted leader, you know damn well something must be done, but you feel too scattered to do anything. Luckily, there’s one simple thing you can do to save any project from disaster. The Pre-Mortem Technique: Bringing Order to Chaos in A Big Project Too often, we look back on projects gone horribly wrong and ask ourselves, “What happened?” We do a post-mortem and try to put together the broken pieces that will explain how we failed. But after your project has failed is the wrong time to discuss the big problems it faced! What you should’ve done, instead, is held a pre-mortem to look ahead at the challenges that could cause everything to fail, and created a plan to navigate around them. As part of the small Action Team responsible for putting on a summit for 3,000 people here in Portland each summer, The Pre-Mortem Technique is one we adopted from year one and have held as a sacred ritual—one we know will shepherd our fragile event through any challenges that face it. Several weeks before the show, we all get together with pizza and ice cream to geek out over the doom and gloom that could come our way. Sounds depressing, but putting big problems out in the open is actually quite a relief. When you’re working on a high stakes project, no elephant should be left in the room! Regardless of the goal you’re working on, there are three steps you can take to complete your own pre-mortem and put an iron-clad fence around success for your project. How to Perform a Pre-Mortem in Three Steps This is a relatively simple process and powerful in its ability to prevent crisis when done correctly. It’s important, though, that you complete every step and that you do them in the right order, following the instructions carefully. Before the process, though, a few rules: Set aside at least two hours of uninterrupted time. If that seems like a lot, ask yourself how much time it will take to clean up the mess you make if disaster strikes while your pants are down. All stakeholders should be present. Invite everyone with a significant role to the pre-mortem. If you don’t, you’ll face a number of blind spots that could still blow up in your face… and you won’t even know they’re there because the person who could have alerted to you to them wasn’t invited. Everyone is equally important at the pre-mortem. The pre-mortem must be a face to face meeting. This process will not work via email. A live chat could work, but it will be cumbersome. Video chats would be the next best solution. But unless it is physically impossible, get everyone together in one room. This is critical. One person should do nothing but take notes. Lots of important problems and solutions get tossed around during a pre-mortem. They’ll be useless to you if someone isn’t in charge of making sure they’re remembered. Now, the process… Step 1: Spend one hour listing every possible problem you can imagine. Your one and only job during the first hour of your pre-mortem is to get down—on paper or a whiteboard—every single problem that has even a remote chance of occurring that would derail your project. Dream big! Dream small! At this stage, no problem is off-limits, and everyone at the meeting should feel completely uninhibited about tossing out things that sound ridiculous. Your ability to do this well will depend on how great a job you’ve done building trust within your team. Or, if you’re flying solo, you’ll need to be open and honest with yourself. Think of this as a brainstorming session of doom. All ideas go, and you should encourage your team to explore different variations of the same problem… What if a monster eats a team member? What if an elephant eats our guest of honor? What if a monster and an elephant get in a fight in our venue? …as well as very different, unrelated problems: What if no one shows up to our event? What if our website goes down? What if the most important person backs out on us? The goal is to create a completely exhaustive list of things that could go wrong. Any route you take to get there is allowed. The only thing not allowed during this phase is proposed solutions. These are strictly forbidden because they draw the team away from getting every single problem out in the open. If you have a team of talented and solution oriented people, you’ll find this is harder to manage than you think. Step 2: Pick the top 10 problems. At this point, you have a massive list of problems staring you in the face, and you need a method to make some sense of the madness. Now is the time to pick the top 10 problems to focus on before moving into the next phase of the pre-mortem: finding solutions. Here are a few rules you’ll want to follow to make sure you pick the best ones: Focus on show-stoppers. The problems you focus on solving should be critical to your project. In other words, if it occurs, will it severely impact the project? If the answer is no, cross it off; it doesn’t belong on your pre-mortem list. This rule will eliminate many of the minor issues that came up—and helped you find bigger problems—but aren’t really mission critical. Pick problems likely to happen. Don’t waste time solving problems that aren’t likely to actually happen. Instead, try to home in on the “elephant in the room” problems that came up—the ones everyone was secretly worried about but never brought up until now. Discard problems you have no control over. Every project will face some external risks that you simply can’t control. Toss those out now because there’s nothing you can do about them. This eliminates problems like “Tornado blows everyone to Canada.” From here on out, you’re focusing on problems you can actually fix. Step 3: Spend one hour creating solutions. Now is the time for your team to do what it does best: solve problems. Believe it or not, this part is actually the easiest. Once the biggest problems are out in the open, their solutions become surprisingly simple. As Einstein used to say, “If I had only one hour to save the world, I would spend fifty-five minutes defining the problem, and only five minutes finding the solution.” Go through each problem in your top ten list and either: Create a proactive solution for it (best for problems facing you now), or Define a backup plan (best for problems that could happen, but haven’t yet). Most importantly, a solution is not complete until action items are created and assigned to team members to complete. Never forget: this process is useless if you get all the way to creating a solution but don’t carry it out because no one knew they were in charge. Your Homework Today There are no guarantees when you’re taking on a big, risky project. Sometimes things will go wrong that you didn’t—or even couldn’t—anticipate. But taking a few hours to go through the pre-mortem process is a wise investment for any project that’s important to you. Once you’ve done it, you can go to bed each night knowing all your bases are covered. Don’t underestimate the value of peace of mind. Take five minutes and schedule a pre-mortem for whatever it is you’re working on now. | Mid | [
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Q: inner query without FROM I made a mistake when writing the query, I wrote a subquery without a FROM clause: select * from foo where id in (select id where type 'mm') I lost half a day to find a mistake because it worked! I checked the documentation but I did not find any information why ... It is more interesting: select * from abc a inner join abc b on b.id = a.id where a.id in (select id from (select a.id, row_number () over () lp where b.name = 'abc') x where lp = 1); http://sqlfiddle.com/#!15/4bb29/12 Can someone explain how it works? A: Your first query will certainly not work as it is. To understand your second query, keep in mind that A SELECT without a FROM clause is like as if there is a FROM clause with a table that has no column, but one row. You can reference columns from the outer query in the subquery. Here is an attempt to explain your query: SELECT * FROM abc a /* ok, now we have a table with alias "a" */ INNER JOIN abc b ON b.id = a.id /* now we also have a table with alias "b" */ WHERE a.id IN (SELECT id FROM (SELECT a.id, /* this will count the one "artificial" row */ row_number() OVER () lp /* Here you reference the table with alias "b" above. This is constant as far as the subquery is concerned, so if it is not TRUE, the subquery will return an empty result */ WHERE b.name = 'abc') x /* this is always true, since there is only one line in the above subquery */ WHERE lp = 1); | Mid | [
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"Oddly enough, once this doctor correctly diagnosed me he refused to treat me. The insurance companies really give doctors who treat chronic infections a hard time, because the long-term treatment of certain infections is more expensive that treating a late-stage AIDs or brain cancer patient. Some doctors – including at least one Nobel laureate nominee – have lost their medical licenses or been forced to stop treating infected patients because of insurance company influence. It's a very complicated, political issue. Very frustrating. Too complicated to get into here. Anyway, this doctor said he wanted to treat me, but was literally scared to do so for fear of losing his medical license or his ability to offer insurance plans." | Low | [
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Phenotypic variability in patients with Fanconi anemia and biallelic FANCF mutations. Fanconi anemia is a heterogeneous genetic disorder that is characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, congenital anomalies, and markedly increased risk for malignancies. Mutations in the FANCF (FA-F) gene represent approximately 2% of affected patients. Currently, information on the phenotypic findings of patients with Fanconi anemia from biallelic mutations in FANCF is limited. Here, we report three patients who illustrate the clinical variability within the FA-F group. This analysis suggests a more severe phenotype for those with the common c.484_485delCT mutation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. | High | [
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The #1 selling boot worldwide now with BOA. Built with the best fit, flex and comfort. Get on the hill faster with the BOA Lacing system and ride from dusk to dawn. The #1 selling boot worldwide now with BOA. Built with the best fit, flex and comfort. Get on the hill faster with the BOA Lacing system and ride from dusk to dawn. 1:1 Lasting, Boa Lacing System, STI Evolution Foam Outsole, Independent Eyestay ,Performance Backstay, 3D Molded Tongue, Internal Lacing System, Articulated Cuff,, | Low | [
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Q: Country specific economic recession/financial crisis data? Many financial crises are at the global level, yet some of them can be country-specific, especially the ones connected with political instability. For example, the 1990 recession of Russia, the 1958 recession in China, and the recent Brazil currency crisis is kind of independent of the global economic situation. The Eurozone crisis also only applies to a limit number of nations. Examples also include the Iceland bankruptcy. So my question is, how could we identify those country-specific crises? Are there any established methods/datasets? Any references or ideas or suggests or guidelines will help! A: Several articles use data sets on this issue but I am not sure that all the data sets are freely available. Valencia & Laeven (2012) use the IMF country reports to create their data set. It covers all IMF member countries since 1970. EDIT: it is available here, as pointed out by @dismalscience. Reinhart and Rogoff (2009) have 70 countries since roughly 1900 based on a wide set of sources. Romer & Romer (2017) construct financial distress index at semi-annual frequency for 24 countries based on the OECD Economic Outlook. It is available since 1967. This data set is freely available and also contains a measure for the depth of the crisis. | High | [
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The 6502 and the Propeller are connected via a few glue-logic chips. The Propeller has 32 digital I/O pins and they are all in use; many of them are used in more ways than one. The Propeller controls the 6502, and enables the SRAM memory chip. The Propeller generates the clock pulses for the 6502, at a maximum rate of 1MHz. During the first half of each clock pulse, the 6502 doesn't use the data bus, so the Propeller can use this time to enable two 74HC244 octal buffers to connect to the address bus. It can use the address to make decisions about what to do during the second half of the clock pulse, for example if the 6502 is in the process of writing a byte into the screen buffer, the Propeller can catch this write and put the byte in its own memory to show a character on the screen. Signals such as interrupts and Reset can be generated by the Propeller by using a 74HC574 octal D flipflop. During the first half of the clock pulse, the Propeller puts the signals on the pins that are connected to the '574 and clocks the flipflops so that the updated signals will be sent to the 6502 continuously even though the Propeller only updates them once per clock pulse. The RAM chips is connected to the data bus and address bus of the 6502 and its Chip Select line is permanently active; however the two pins that control whether the RAM reads or writes a byte from or to the data bus are under direct control of the Propeller. When the 6502 accesses a memory area that's mapped into the Propeller (such as a video buffer), the Propeller just needs to make sure that the RAM chip doesn't get activated at the same time. The 6502 has to boot from a memory area that's initialized with data before the 6502 starts. This can be done in two ways: The first way is to simply map the ROM area into the Propeller. The second way is for the Propeller to write the ROM image to the SRAM chip before starting the 6502. However, the Propeller doesn't have direct control over the address bus and the 6502 can't start until there's something in memory. This problem is solved by a clever algorithm that generates a Reset or NMI on the 6502. The 6502 retrieves a pointer to a location to start executing a Reset or NMI handler, and the Propeller intercepts the retrieval of that pointer to send the 6502 to a location where the code needs to be stored. During the first half of each clock pulse (when the 6502 isn't using the data bus but an address is already available), the Propeller puts the byte to store onto the data bus, and enables the Write line on the RAM chip to store the data. Then during the second half of the clock pulse, it disables the RAM chip and generates dummy instructions for the 6502. So the 6502 thinks that it's busy doing nothing to handle the Reset or NMI, but the Propeller is storing data into memory behind the back of the 6502. At the time of this writing, the download algorithm hasn't been totally debugged yet, but I've been successful in setting up an emulator for the Apple 1 and mapping Ken Wessen's Krusader ROM into 6502 memory which makes it possible to write programs in Assembly language or Basic. See http://youtu.be/8BCoQepmyYU for a demo. This is just the first emulator of an existing system. More emulators for other systems will follow, and of course it's possible to design a new system that's not based on any pre-existing hardware at all. Furthermore it's possible to use an expansion bus to connect hardware that might be too difficult to emulate with the Propeller. | High | [
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Clinical Case Reports 2015; 3(12): 1017--1020 Background {#ccr3423-sec-0001} ========== Subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN) of the newborn is a rare inflammatory disorder of the fat tissue presenting in term and postterm infants [1](#ccr3423-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}, consisting in a lobular form of panniculitis associated to painful, hard, and erythematous--violaceous nodules (Figs. [1](#ccr3423-fig-0001){ref-type="fig"} and [2](#ccr3423-fig-0002){ref-type="fig"}) [2](#ccr3423-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}. SCFN usually has a favorable prognosis, with complete autoresolution of subcutaneous lesions within several weeks or months, but it may also be complicated by serious metabolic alterations [3](#ccr3423-bib-0003){ref-type="ref"}. {#ccr3423-fig-0001} {#ccr3423-fig-0002} Patient 1 {#ccr3423-sec-0002} ========= A male term newborn was delivered vaginally at 38 + 2 gestational weeks after labor induction for fetal macrosomia. Birth weight was 4170 g. Gravidic history was unremarkable. The patient needed cardiopulmonary resuscitation at birth due to neonatal asphyxia. Apgar score was 1, 5, and 8 at 1, 5, and 10 min, respectively. Cord blood gas analysis showed metabolic acidosis (pH 7.12, [pco]{.smallcaps} ~2~ 36 mmHg, HCO~3~ 11.7 mmol/L, BE −16.7 mmol/L). In the first hours after admission to our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), he presented with hypoglycemia responsive to IV glucose infusion. Other laboratory results included: ALT 229 U/L, CPK 2105 U/L, troponin I 0.074 ng/mL, creatinine 0.82 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen 29 mg/dL, calcium 10.4 mg/dL. There were no neurological complications. On day \#11 of life, the patient presented with painful subcutaneous hard nodules covered by erythematous skin. These lesions were localized on the right arm and on the right armpit (Fig. [1](#ccr3423-fig-0001){ref-type="fig"}), and were consistent with nodules of SCFN. Serum calcium was slightly increased (11.2 mg/dL) at this time point; further monitoring showed spontaneous normalization of serum calcium, which remained normal post discharge. On the occasion of the follow‐up visit 3 months post discharge, the baby was in good clinical condition with an appropriate‐to‐age neurological development. Patient 2 {#ccr3423-sec-0003} ========= A full‐term infant girl (40 + 4 gestational weeks) was born by cesarean section for mechanical dystocia with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) 24 h before, with stained amniotic fluid. Her mother had fever in the postpartum and her blood culture turned positive for *Escherichia coli*, so she was administered antibiotic treatment. The baby\'s birth weight was 3940 g (90th--97th percentile, i.e., large for gestational age \[LGA\]), length was 50.5 cm (50th--75th percentile), and head circumference was 35 cm (50th--75th percentile). Soon after birth, the patient developed severe perinatal distress, which rapidly improved with noninvasive ventilatory support in delivery room. Apgar score was 1, 4, and 9 at 1, 5, and 10 min, respectively. She received noninvasive ventilatory support for 48 h after birth. Inflammatory markers at birth (C‐reactive protein, CRP) were normal. Arterial cord blood gas analysis showed pH 7.05, [pco]{.smallcaps} ~2~ 69 mmHg, BE −12.3 mmol/L, lactate 7.8 mmol/L. On day \#2 of life, an infiltrated erythematous plaque was observed on the right arm, this lesion turned into a purplish hue 2 days later (Fig. [2](#ccr3423-fig-0002){ref-type="fig"}), with no associated tenderness or enlargement. An X‐ray excluded fractures. Predischarge blood tests performed on day \#7 of life showed mild hypercalcemia (calcium 11.1 mg/dL) with normal platelet count. Basing on clinical history, physical examination, and biochemical parameters, the erythematous lesion of the arm was diagnosed as SCFN. The neurological outcome was favorable, as assessed on the occasion of the 3 months follow‐up visit postdischarge. Discussion {#ccr3423-sec-0004} ========== Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) represents a benign condition occurring in the neonatal period [4](#ccr3423-bib-0004){ref-type="ref"}, characterized by inflammation and necrosis of subcutaneous fat tissue and typically presenting with subcutaneous purple‐bluish hard nodules (see Figs. [1](#ccr3423-fig-0001){ref-type="fig"} and [2](#ccr3423-fig-0002){ref-type="fig"}) [5](#ccr3423-bib-0005){ref-type="ref"}. Lesions may appear isolated or clustered and are typically located on shoulders, back, buttocks, and face [6](#ccr3423-bib-0006){ref-type="ref"}; nodules may evolve into subcutaneous calcifications [5](#ccr3423-bib-0005){ref-type="ref"}. Etiology of this disorder is unknown, but it is linked to multiple neonatal and maternal risk factors (Table [1](#ccr3423-tbl-0001){ref-type="table-wrap"}) [2](#ccr3423-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}. Physiopathology of SCFN may involve a precocious phase of impaired tissue perfusion with subsequent tissue hypoxia leading to crystallization of neonatal subcutaneous fat, followed by tissue necrosis and granulomatous reaction [6](#ccr3423-bib-0006){ref-type="ref"}. ###### Neonatal and maternal risk factors for SCFN of the newborn Neonatal risk factors Maternal risk factors --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ▪Umbilical cord prolapse▪Meconium aspiration▪Perinatal asphyxia▪Therapeutic hypothermia▪Neonatal sepsis ▪Preeclampsia▪Maternal diabetes mellitus▪Maternal medications (calcium channel blockers, cocaine)▪Smoking or exposure to passive smoking during pregnancy▪Materno‐fetal Rh incompatibility John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Subcutaneous fat necrosis is usually a benign condition. Nevertheless, it may be associated with thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia, hypercalcemia, and hypertriglyceridemia [2](#ccr3423-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}; these metabolic derangements may, in turn, represent a possible risk for serious complications [2](#ccr3423-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}. Thrombocytopenia is usually synchronous with the appearance of subcutaneous nodules, and it is possibly caused by peripheral platelet sequestration into the lesions [7](#ccr3423-bib-0007){ref-type="ref"}, [8](#ccr3423-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}. Hypoglycemia is reported in literature as another risk factor linked to SCFN, but rather than being a cause of SCFN it seems to be itself a consequence of hypoxia [1](#ccr3423-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}. Hypertriglyceridemia is caused by mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue [3](#ccr3423-bib-0003){ref-type="ref"}. Hypercalcemia is found in 25% of cases [5](#ccr3423-bib-0005){ref-type="ref"} and represents the most serious potential complication, associated with significant mortality and morbidity [1](#ccr3423-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}. The first 6 weeks of life represent the time frame at highest risk for clinically significant hypercalcemia in SCFN, with 40% of cases occurring in this lapse of time [9](#ccr3423-bib-0009){ref-type="ref"}. Usually, serum calcium starts to rise as SCFN lesions begin to regress; sometimes, hypercalcemia is already detectable before the onset of subcutaneous lesions [5](#ccr3423-bib-0005){ref-type="ref"}. Neonates with hypercalcemia tend to present with lethargy, hypotonia, irritability, vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, constipation, and dehydration [8](#ccr3423-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}. Hypercalcemia is caused by increased prostaglandin activity, release of calcium from necrotic fat tissue, and increased secretion of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 from subcutaneous lesions, leading to an increased intestinal uptake of calcium [2](#ccr3423-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}. If left untreated, moderate to severe hypercalcemia may lead to complications as nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, renal failure; calcification of falx cerebri, skin, myocardium, and gastric mucosa may also occur [2](#ccr3423-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}, [8](#ccr3423-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}. Treatment of hypercalcemia consists of hyperhydration and diet with low levels of calcium and vitamin D; sometimes, other drugs like furosemide and prednisolone are needed to decrease serum calcium [2](#ccr3423-bib-0002){ref-type="ref"}; bisphosphonates (e.g., etidronate) may also be employed to treat moderate to severe hypercalcemia when other measures have proven ineffective [10](#ccr3423-bib-0010){ref-type="ref"}. In children with a personal history of SCFN it is recommended to evaluate serum calcium levels periodically until the age of 6 months [8](#ccr3423-bib-0008){ref-type="ref"}. Conclusions and Final Remarks {#ccr3423-sec-0005} ============================= Subcutaneous fat necrosis is usually a transient and self‐limited condition. However, it may be complicated by a number of metabolic alterations like thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia, hypercalcemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. It is pivotal to monitor newborns with SCFN to avoid the risk of serious complications, with particular reference to hypercalcemia. Regular monitoring of serum calcium is recommended until the age of 6 months, in infants with personal history of SCFN. Conflict of Interest {#ccr3423-sec-0007} ==================== None declared. We thank our friends and colleagues Ian Taylor, MD (Emergency Medicine Department, University of Ottawa), Marco Gasparetto, MD, PhD (Senior Clinical Fellow in Paediatric Gastroenterology at Cambridge University Hospitals, United Kingdom), and Megan Roberts (PR and Brand Communications Manager, Degree in English Literature, University of Cambridge) for their precious help in revising the English of the manuscript. | Mid | [
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To know when people like your submissions, answer your questions, reply to you, etc., please create a free account and log in. Premium membership is also available for just $12 a year, which removes all adverts, prioritises your submissions, and more. Visible crew/equipment: When Mildred goes down stairs to get the newspaper, the clock start to chime 9 o' clock. If you look at the clock the big hand is on the 9 and the little hand is on the 12 it should be the other way round. Join the mailing list Separate from membership, this is to get updates about mistakes in recent releases. Addresses are not passed on to any third party, and are used solely for direct communication from this site. You can unsubscribe at any time. The role of camp television presenter Cecil Gaybody (portrayed by Jimmy Logan) was originally written for Charles Hawtrey who had a falling out with producer Peter Rogers in the previous film, "Carry On Abroad". Hawtrey did not appear in any further films. | Low | [
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How Seniors Can Get Smell Out of Earrings Earrings look pretty, but behind these pretty baubles can lie some pretty powerful stankiness. Pull one (or both) of those babies out of your lobes, and make sure to avoid your nostrils, because you are going to inhale some major ear cheese, my friend. (This is not to be confused with toe jam, which is a whole different ball game, and enough to put you off food entirely if you think about it too much, so just don’t go there). This guide will provide information about how to get smell out of earrings so you can keep this fashion accessory fresh and enjoy adoring yourself with these fun and fashionable and oh-so-pretty accessories. The reason you may notice the posts and the surface of the earrings has picked up an icky odor is probably be due to a buildup of dead skin and natural oils our pores produce, called sebum. The oily gunk is the same thing that gunks up pores and produces pimples, by the way, so we're getting into some really yecchy territory when we get a whiff of earring odor. We naturally shed a certain amount of dead skin cells every day anyway (an attractive thought, isn't it?), but there are some things you can do to make sure your earrings don't get trapped in the funk fallout. You can deal with this; just check out the solutions listed here and choose the ones that make the most sense to you. How to Get Smell Out of Earrings If your piercing is relatively new, wash your ears and your earnings with the cleaning solution you would have been given when you had the studs put in. It will contain an antibacterial agent that should get rid anything that is causing a stench. Washing only one element (ears or earrings) isn't enough to deal with the problem, since there may still be bacteria on the earring or the surface of your skin. If you notice the area around your piercing is red, swollen, or weeping, you may have an infection, and you should get it checked out by a doctor. 2. Go for the Alcohol Swipe Rubbing alcohol can be used to clean your ears and your earrings if you notice one or both of them are a bit too high on the P.U. meter for your liking. You can use tissues or cotton pads that will not tear, as opposed to cotton balls, to apply the liquid to the metal and to your skin. It will evaporate quickly, which means you can get the earrings changed and on with your day. If you are concerned about the alcohol stinging if you happen to have a tear at the piercing site, consider using hydrogen peroxide instead. 3. Put Some Hydrogen Peroxide On It Hydrogen peroxide will also tame any smell coming from your earrings. Be sure to swab both your lobes and the earring itself, including the post and where it attaches to the rest of the jewelry. You never know where bits of skin or other pieces of particles that might be causing the offensive aroma may be hanging out. If the issue is bacterial, the hydrogen peroxide will get rid of it. You will be able to tell if that kind of action is going on if you see some bubbles appear on your ear lobe. It's just the peroxide doing it's thing, so no worries, and it should not sting at all. 4. Take Care of Business in the Shower Take your earrings out before you get in the shower and wash behind your ears thoroughly (front and back) while you are under the spray. You an also wash your earring posts with a liquid soap, rinse and allow them air dry between wearings to keep the smell issue at bay. 5. Attack the Stink with Acne Cream You can deal with the issue of stinky earnings and piercings in your ears by applying an acne cream containing benzoyl peroxide to your lobes. This product will dry your skin and kill any bacteria lurking on it in the process. (Bacteria being the sneaky little devils they are, love to lurk.) Disclaimer: Grandfolk strives to keep its information accurate and up to date. All financial services, shopping products and care services are presented without warranty. When evaluating offers, please review the product’s Terms and Conditions. Advertiser Disclosure: We receive compensation from our partners when someone applies or gets approved for a product through our site. But, the results of our tools and editorial reviews are based on quantitative and qualitative assessments of product features — nothing else. Additional resources | Low | [
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Interferon-*γ* (IFN-*γ*), as a proinflammatory cytokine produced in the uterus during early pregnancy, initiates endometrial vasculature remodelling and contributes to the normal health of the deciduas.^[@bib1]^ However, IFN-*γ* administration can also cause pregnancy failure in rabbits^[@bib2]^ and in mice.^[@bib3]^ We previously demonstrated that the deleterious effects of IFN-*γ* were associated with the aberrant expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules^[@bib2],\ [@bib4]^ and increased apoptotic death of placental cytotrophoblast cells at the maternal--foetal interface.^[@bib5],\ [@bib6]^ Increasing evidence showed that natural killer (NK) cells had a critical role in foetal resorption, because the depletion of NK cells by anti-asialoGM1 Ab could reduce abortion rates.^[@bib7],\ [@bib8],\ [@bib9]^ However, heavily uterine NK (uNK) cells were transiently found in the uteri of many species and could promote decidual transformation, vascularization and placental formation in midgestation.^[@bib10],\ [@bib11]^ In mice, CD49b (*α*2 integrin chain) is widely used as a pan-NK cell marker,^[@bib12]^ whereas *Dolichos biflorus agglutinin* (DBA) lectin, which reacts with glycoconjugates containing *N*-acetylgalactosamine, is used as a specific uNK cell marker.^[@bib13]^ With regard to the origin of uNK cells during pregnancy, Chantakru *et al.*^[@bib14]^ demonstrated that the marked increase of uNK cells during decidualization was primarily caused by a remarkably increased recruitment of uNK cell precursors, but not *de novo* self-renewal of the existing uNK cells. However, the molecules attracting the homing of NK cells into the uterine bed during pregnancy remain unexplored. Chemokines are a group of small, structurally related molecules that coordinate the homeostatic circulation of leucocytes.^[@bib15]^ As an unusual member of the chemokine family, CX3CL1 consists of a chemokine domain attached to a glycosylated mucin-like transmembrane stalk^[@bib16]^ and exhibits an efficient chemotactic activity for monocytes, T cells and NK cells.^[@bib17]^ Interestingly, CX3CR1 (the CX3CL1 receptor) defines two killer lectin-like receptor G1-positive mouse NK cell subsets^[@bib18]^ and regulates NK cell trafficking.^[@bib19]^ In addition, IFN-*γ* could modulate the expression of CX3CL1 in endothelial cells.^[@bib20]^ However, few data currently exist on the changes in CX3CL1 during pregnancy failure. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether IFN-*γ*-induced pregnancy failure was associated with the uterine production of CX3CL1 and NK cell uterine homing. We demonstrated herein that IFN-*γ* induced a highly increased proportion of CD49b^+^ NK cells in the uterus and peripheral blood and it induced a significantly upregulated uterine expression of CX3CL1. Additionally, our data showed that uterine CX3CL1 facilitated CD49b^+^ NK cell recruitment into the uterus. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence showing that IFN-*γ*, via stimulating uterine CX3CL1 production, induces CD49b^+^ NK cell uterine homing and thus pregnancy failure in mice. Results ======= IFN-*γ* administration resulted in foetal resorption ---------------------------------------------------- To evaluate the adverse effects of IFN-*γ* on pregnancy, syngeneically mated BALB/c females received an injection of 5000 U IFN-*γ* intraperitoneally on gestational day 6 (GD6), and the incidence of foetal resorption was assessed 2 days after treatment. A dose of 5000 U IFN-*γ* was used after preliminary comparisons of different doses (data not shown). We observed that IFN-*γ* administration significantly increased the resorption rate ([Figure 1b](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}). The solvent control mice exhibited gross morphologically normal implantation sites ([Figure 1ai](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}). By contrast, IFN-*γ* at a dose of 5000 U resulted in embryo loss. Resorbing uterine contents were characterized by the degeneration of the decidua accompanied with thrombosis and haemorrhage. The remnants of decidual tissue had already passed into the uterine lumen with the embryos ([Figure 1aii](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}). Further histological examination of the control mice revealed a representative view of a GD8 embryo with well-developed deciduas and embryonic capsule ([Figure 1aiii](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}). By contrast, implantation sites from IFN-*γ*-treated mice displayed poorly developed deciduas and the absence of embryos ([Figure 1aiv](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}). However, the ovaries of IFN-*γ*-treated mice contained normal corpus luteum and exhibited no overt histological abnormalities compared with the control group ([Figures 1av and vi](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}). Interestingly, when the splenic cells of IFN-*γ*-induced abortion mice after erythrocyte lysis were transferred into syngeneically mated BALB/c on GD6, we also observed a 62.5% resorption rate 2 days posttransfer ([Figure 1c](#fig1){ref-type="fig"}), suggesting that IFN-*γ*-induced resorption was due to leucocytes. Thus, further experiments were designed to explore the causes underlying IFN-*γ*-induced resorption. IFN-*γ* treatment enhanced the accumulation of the CD49b^+^ NK cell subset -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Because uNK cells have critical functions in pregnancy,^[@bib21]^ we examined whether IFN-*γ* treatment would alter the uNK cells. By performing immunostaining analysis, we found that the DBA lectin-positive cells were restricted to decidua basalis and mesometrial lymphoid aggregates of pregnancy (MLAp) of implantation sites in solvent control mice ([Figures 2ai and iii](#fig2){ref-type="fig"}). By contrast, no DBA-positive reaction was observed in the sections of uteri from IFN-*γ*-induced abortion mice ([Figures 2aii and iv](#fig2){ref-type="fig"}). Unexpectedly, CD49b was expressed at a significantly higher level in IFN-*γ*-treated mice ([Figure 2b](#fig2){ref-type="fig"}). Similar results were observed when CD49b expression was analysed on GD7 ([Supplementary Figure 1A](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Further, uteri were harvested to assess the percentage of CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells in CD45^+^ leucocytes (see [Supplementary Figure 1B](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"} for the gating strategy). The percentage of CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells (lower-right quadrant) in the uterus from the IFN-*γ*-treated group was significantly higher than that from the control group ([Figure 2c](#fig2){ref-type="fig"}), as expected. Interestingly, a similarly significant increase was found in the peripheral blood (see [Supplementary Figure 1C](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"} for the gating strategy) of IFN-*γ*-treated mice when compared with the control mice ([Figure 2d](#fig2){ref-type="fig"}). Overall, our findings suggested that IFN-*γ* induced a marked increase of CD49b^+^ NK cells in the uterus and peripheral blood. IFN-*γ* significantly increased uterine CX3CL1 expression via activation of the JAK2- STAT1 pathway --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To analyse whether the changes of NK cells were due to chemokines, quantitative PCR was performed to detect the expression of various chemokines in the uteri. The expression of CX3CL1 mRNA ([Figure 3a](#fig3){ref-type="fig"}, top panel) was markedly upregulated by IFN-*γ* treatment on GD8. The significantly enhanced expression of CX3CL1 was also confirmed by western blotting ([Figure 3a](#fig3){ref-type="fig"}, bottom panel). Furthermore, histological analysis revealed stronger staining in the luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium of the uterus from IFN-*γ*-treated mice compared with control mice ([Figure 3b](#fig3){ref-type="fig"} and [Supplementary Figure 2A](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Similarly, the expression of CX3CL1 protein was also upregulated in the uterus of IFN-*γ*-treated mice when analysed on GD7 ([Supplementary Figure 2B](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Interestingly, CX3CR1 expression was also significantly upregulated in the uterus from IFN-*γ*-treated mice ([Figure 3c](#fig3){ref-type="fig"}). To further reveal how IFN-*γ* upregulated uterine expression of CX3CL1, we performed uterine stromal cell culture experiments. When uterine stromal cells were treated with IFN-*γ* at doses of 10, 100, 250 or 500 U/ml for 12 h, CX3CL1 protein expression was markedly induced in response to IFN-*γ* at a dose of 250 or 500 U/ml compared with the control group ([Supplementary Figure 2C](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Immunocytochemical staining displayed similar results ([Figure 4a](#fig4){ref-type="fig"}). When IFN-*γ* was administered at a dose of 250 U/ml, CX3CL1 expression levels varied in a time-dependent manner. The CX3CL1 expression level increased within 1 h, peaked at 6 h, continued for at least 12 h and then declined later ([Supplementary Figure 2D](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Thus, the treatment of IFN-*γ* at a dose of 250 U/ml for 12 h was applied in the following study. Because the Janus family kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway was widely investigated in IFN-*γ*-mediated signal transduction and transcriptional regulation signalling,^[@bib22]^ we tested whether the regulation of CX3CL1 expression by IFN-*γ* occurred via the JAK-STAT pathway. When uterine stromal cells were pretreated with AG490, a specific JAK2 inhibitor,^[@bib23]^ there was a dose-dependent inhibition of CX3CL1 upregulation by IFN-*γ* (data not shown). At 10 *μ*M, AG490 completely abrogated IFN-*γ*-mediated responses in uterine stromal cells ([Figure 4b](#fig4){ref-type="fig"}), suggesting that JAK2 mediated the IFN-*γ*-stimulated CX3CL1 expression. However, incubation with AG490 alone had no effect on the CX3CL1 basal level ([Figure 4b](#fig4){ref-type="fig"}). In addition, IFN-*γ* treatment strikingly increased phosphorylation of STAT1, and AG490 pretreatment decreased phosphorylation of STAT1 by 55%, as expected ([Figure 4c](#fig4){ref-type="fig"}). To further confirm whether STAT1 phosphorylation affected CX3CL1 expression, fludarabine, a selective STAT1 inhibitor, was used.^[@bib24]^ As shown in [Supplementary Figure 2E](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}, while fludarabine exhibited no influence on the amount of STAT1 protein, it inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. Uterine stromal cells, after exposure to fludarabine at 100 *μ*M for 2 h, showed a loss of 60% and 50% of CX3CL1 and pSTAT1 (phosphorylated STAT1), respectively ([Figure 4d](#fig4){ref-type="fig"}), suggesting a close correlation between STAT1 activation and the production of CX3CL1. Collectively, these data strongly suggested that IFN-*γ* upregulated CX3CL1 expression through a JAK2-STAT1 pathway. We then next explored whether and how IFN-*γ*-driven CX3CL1 regulated NK cell migration. CX3CL1 facilitated peripheral NK cell migration ----------------------------------------------- To explore whether CX3CL1 would induce the migration of NK cells, we first verified that peripheral NK cells expressed CX3CR1 at their surface. We performed immunostaining on NK cells, and observed a bright staining when cells were incubated with CX3CR1 Ab ([Figure 5a](#fig5){ref-type="fig"}). Then, the ability of peripheral NK cells to respond to CX3CL1 was assessed. Increasing the dose of CX3CL1 triggered a significant increase in cell migration; doses began at 100 ng/ml, and this effect reached a plateau at 500 ng/ml ([Supplementary Figure 3A](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Furthermore, an overnight preincubation of NK cells with pertussis toxin (PTX) at 500 ng/ml massively blocked the stimulatory effects of CX3CL1 ([Figure 5b](#fig5){ref-type="fig"}), indicating a CX3CL1-induced chemotaxis rather than chemokinesis.^[@bib25]^ To mimic the uterine local environment, uterine stromal cells were isolated, cultured and used to prepare conditioned medium (CM). The chemotactic activity of the stromal cell CM (termed control CM) on NK cells was assessed. Chemotaxis to control CM increased robustly to 9.58-fold over that of the control group ([Supplementary Figure 3B](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Similarly, PTX partially abolished CM-mediated migration (data not shown). More importantly, we further found that chemotaxis to IFN-*γ*-treated stromal cell CM (termed IFN-*γ* CM) was significantly increased compared with control CM, and this enhancement of chemotaxis by IFN-*γ* CM can be significantly reversed by preincubation of stromal cells with AG490 ([Figure 5c](#fig5){ref-type="fig"}). To clarify the effect of CX3CL1 in IFN-*γ* CM, a neutralizing anti-CX3CL1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was used. Blocking of CX3CL1 with neutralizing mAb could partially inhibit the migration of NK cells toward IFN-*γ* CM, compared with the addition of an isotypic IgG control ([Figure 5d](#fig5){ref-type="fig"}). Although CX3CL1 induced robust migration of peripheral NK cells *in vitro*, this may not reflect the action of this drug *in vivo*. To verify the effect of CX3CL1 *in vivo*, recombinant mouse CX3CL1 was administered intraperitoneally to BALB/c females. Compared with mice treated with placebo, mice treated with CX3CL1 showed a higher percentage of CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells in the uterus ([Figure 6a](#fig6){ref-type="fig"}). Similarly, a significant increase in CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells was found in the peripheral blood of CX3CL1-treated mice ([Figure 6b](#fig6){ref-type="fig"}). Therefore, these data showed that CX3CL1 was associated with increased proportion of CD49b^+^ NK cells *in vivo*. Collectively, our above results strengthened the idea that upregulated uterine expression of CX3CL1 by IFN-*γ* was conducive for the NK cell uterine homing from the periphery. Discussion ========== IFN-*γ* has been widely evaluated as a potential mediator of pregnancy failure in humans.^[@bib1]^ We describe here that IFN-*γ* can significantly increase uterine CX3CL1 expression via activation of the JAK2-STAT1 pathway, thus inducing CD49b^+^ NK cell uterine homing, and eventually provoke foetal loss in syngeneically mated BALB/c mice. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study to correlate the deleterious effects of IFN-*γ* during pregnancy with the aberrant regulation of CX3CL1 and NK cells. IFN-*γ* concentration per implantation site was prominent during early pregnancy in the mice, and uNK cells were the main source of IFN-*γ*.^[@bib10],\ [@bib26]^ As reported by Ashkar and Croy,^[@bib10]^ IFN-*γ* concentration was \~4 U per implantation site on GD6 and peaked on GD10, with \~10 U per implantation site. Implantation sites of IFN-*γ*- and IFN-*γ*R*α*-null mice did not undergo normal gestation-induced spiral artery modification and contained elevated numbers of incompletely differentiated uNK cells and widespread necrotic deciduas, suggesting that IFN-*γ* contributed to the initiation of uterine vascular modifications, maturation of uNK cells and maintenance of decidual integrity.^[@bib27]^ In this report, when each female mouse received an injection of 5000 U IFN-*γ* intraperitoneally on GD6, we observed a higher resorption rate on GD8. Thus, although IFN-*γ* had critical roles in successful pregnancy, a supraphysiological dose of IFN-*γ* was harmful to conceptus. However, the ovaries of IFN-*γ*-treated mice exhibited no overt histological abnormalities, suggesting that IFN-*γ* did not exert its effects on ovaries in this model. The best studied mouse model of spontaneous foetal loss was the mating of CBA/J females with DBA/2 males.^[@bib3]^ The abnormal resorption rate in the CBA/J × DBA/2 mating combination was thought to be because of activated NK cells and mononuclear cells expressing Mac-1 (CD11b) and F4/80.^[@bib7],\ [@bib28]^ Additionally, human RPL (recurrent pregnancy loss) is associated with NK cells.^[@bib29]^ Our data indicated that the percentage of CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells in the blood and uterus from the foetal resorption group was significantly increased. Thus, our results suggested that CD49b^+^ NK cells were incompatible with successful pregnancy, which seemed to be consistent with a previous report that the cytotoxicity of CD49b^+^ NK cells was higher than that of CD49b^−^ NK cells.^[@bib12]^ Surprisingly, we observed no DBA-positive uNK cells in IFN-*γ*-induced abortion mice. Increasing evidence supports the idea that uNK cells provide major contributions to decidual and vascular remodelling.^[@bib27],\ [@bib30]^ Thus, necrotic deciduas and poor angiogenesis were found within the implantation sites of aborted mice that displayed the absence of uNK cells. At midgestation, excessively accumulated numbers of small, hypogranular uNK cells were found in IFN-*γ*^−/−^ or IFN-*γ*R*α*^−/−^ mice,^[@bib27]^ leading us to hypothesize that increased apoptosis induced by IFN-*γ* may account for the absence of uNK cells in our model. Because there were also DBA^−^ uNK cells present,^[@bib31]^ we could not exclude the possibility that DBA^−^ uNK cells may be present in IFN-*γ*-induced abortion mice. NK cells, unlike T cells or B cells, which generate Ag-specific receptors by gene rearrangement, are the third major lymphocyte population.^[@bib32]^ The earliest progenitors exclusively committed to NK cell lineage are characterized by the expression of CD122 in the mouse.^[@bib33]^ After the acquisition of CD94-NKG2 receptors and Ly-49, NK cells acquire *α*~v~, CD49b and Mac-1 in order during maturation.^[@bib34]^ Recently, it was reported that CD27 dissected mature NK cells into two subsets, with distinct responsiveness and migratory capacity in the mouse,^[@bib33]^ suggesting that the different effects of IFN-*γ* on CD49b^+^ NK and DBA^+^ uNK cells may be because of their distinct responses to IFN-*γ*-driven CX3CL1. NK cells are regulated by activating and inhibitory cell surface receptors.^[@bib35]^ By defining uNK cells as CD3^−^CD122^+^ cells, Yadi *et al.*^[@bib36]^ reported two distinct subsets in the mice: a DBA-negative population was similar to peripheral NK cells, whereas a DBA-positive population had an unusual NKp46^+^NKG2D^+^NK1.1^−^CD49b^−^ phenotype, and a distinct Ly-49 receptor repertoire compared with CD49b^+^ NK cells.^[@bib36]^ The two uNK subsets were different in functional potential with a biased gene expression.^[@bib37]^ Other finding indicated that DBA^+^ and DBA^−^ uNK cells may represent cells arising from different sources, and DBA^+^ uNK cells may represent cells arising from homed progenitor or precursor cells.^[@bib31]^ CD49b^+^ uNK cells were only a minor subset during normal pregnancy in the mouse,^[@bib36]^ whereas IFN-*γ* administration increased the percentage of CD49b^+^ NK cells in our model. Therefore, these results raise the question whether IFN-*γ* alters the function and phenotype of CD49b^+^ NK cells. It was reported that transforming growth factor *β*1 favoured a transition from peripheral blood NK cells to uNK cells in humans.^[@bib38]^ However, the relationships, in terms of differentiation between DBA^+^ and DBA^−^ uNK cells, still needed further experiments to elucidate in the mice. Chemokines may have a fundamental role in forming a specialized immune milieu at the maternal--foetal interface by the recruitment of immune cells.^[@bib39],\ [@bib40],\ [@bib41]^ Here, we provided multiple lines of evidences that CX3CL1 may contribute to CD49b^+^ NK cell recruitment to the uterus. First, we observed that upregulated uterine expression of CX3CL1 was associated with an increased proportion of CD49b^+^ NK cells in the uterus after IFN-*γ* administration *in vivo*. Moreover, IFN-*γ*-driven expression of CX3CL1 in uterine stromal cells was closely correlated with the increased migration of NK cells. In addition, the NK cell migration was significantly decreased when CX3CL1-neutralizing mAb was added to the CM, which clearly demonstrated that the chemotaxis of the uterine stromal cells CM was partially because of the presence of CX3CL1. Finally, we observed a greater increase in the recruitment of NK cells into the endometrium after exogenous CX3CL1 administration. Fraticelli *et al.*^[@bib20]^ reported that functional CX3CR1 was expressed strongly in NK cells. In mice, CX3CR1 was identified at a late stage of NK cell development^[@bib18],\ [@bib19]^ and regulated NK cell activity *in vivo* via promoting NK cell trafficking.^[@bib42]^ We verified that NK cells expressed CX3CR1 at their surface and, interestingly, that CX3CR1 expression was significantly upregulated in the uterus after IFN-*γ* treatment. The leucocytes may account for the increased CX3CR1 expression because we could not detect CX3CR1 in uterine stromal cells (data not shown). The unavailability of CX3CR1 Ab for flow cytometry restricted us from detecting CX3CR1 expression on NK cells directly *in vivo*. Nonetheless, our data seemed to support the idea that CD49b^+^ NK cells were recruited from peripheral NK cells, and a bias towards CD49b^+^ NK cells may lead to pregnancy failure. It was reported that CX3CR1- or CX3CL1-deficient mice did not exhibit any overt histological abnormalities and behavioural abnormalities.^[@bib43],\ [@bib44]^ It would be fascinating to investigate whether the responses of CX3CL1^−/−^ or CX3CR1^−/−^ mice to IFN-*γ* stimulus would be indistinguishable from those of wild-type mice. In addition to CX3CL1,^[@bib17]^ CCL3, CXCL10 and CXCL12 also regulated the trafficking of mouse NK cells.^[@bib45]^ Our results showed that the expression of CXCL12, CXCL10, CCL4 and CCL5 was markedly stimulated by IFN-*γ* treatment in the uteri (data not shown). Compared with the addition of CX3CL1 alone, CM markedly increased the NK cell migration. Moreover, the addition of CX3CL1-neutralizing mAb to CM reduced NK cell migration by \~20%. Taken together, these results suggested that the uterus relied heavily on CX3CL1 to regulate the recruitment of NK cells and that other chemokines, such as CXCL10 and CXCL12, may also contribute to this phenomenon. In summary, our data indicate that exogenous IFN-*γ* administration leads to the aberrant modulation of CD49b^+^ NK cells in the uterus via the upregulated expression of CX3CL1. We have now added chemokines, regulators of leucocyte trafficking,^[@bib15]^ to the list of factors that cause IFN-*γ*-induced pregnancy failure. This may be a novel mechanism by which IFN-*γ* causes pregnancy failure and may provide a theoretic basis for human embryo abortion therapy. Materials and Methods ===================== Mice ---- Eight- to ten-week-old inbred BALB/c mice were purchased from Vital River Laboratories (VRL, Beijing, China). Mice, housed in a temperature- and humidity-controlled room with a constant photoperiod (12 L : 12 D), were fed *ad libitum* and had free access to tap water. Studies involving mouse usage were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Beijing, China). Pregnancy was achieved by caging female mice with a fertile male at a 2 : 1 ratio, and the day when a copulatory plug was observed was termed GD1. Treatment of mice with IFN-*γ* or CX3CL1 and histology ------------------------------------------------------ For IFN-*γ* treatment, homozygously mated BALB/c females were injected intraperitoneally with 5000 U IFN-*γ* (Peprotech, London, UK) or placebo (sodium phosphate containing 0.1% BSA) on GD6. For CX3CL1 treatment, homozygously mated BALB/c females were injected intraperitoneally with 1 *μ*g of CX3CL1 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) or placebo (PBS containing 0.1% BSA) on GD6. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation on GD8, and foetal resorption was assessed by observing the contents of uterus. Mice without gross implantation sites or tissue debris in the uterus were considered not pregnant and excluded from the experiment. For histological analysis, uteri and ovaries were removed and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) overnight at 4 °C. After fixation, tissues were treated with ethanol and xylene and embedded in paraffin. Sections of 5 *μ*m in thickness were prepared and stained using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Splenocyte transplantation -------------------------- Spleens from placebo-treated or IFN-*γ*-induced abortion donor mice were gently homogenized in RPMI-1640 medium (HyClone, Logan, UT, USA) supplemented with 1% FBS (HyClone), penicillin/streptomycin (100 U/ml) and then sifted through a 37 *μ*m cell strainer. Donor cells were depleted of RBCs using an ammonium chloride lysing solution (0.14 M NH~4~Cl, 10 nM KHCO~3~ and 1 nM EDTA). Cells were then washed with RPMI-1640 medium and resuspended in RPMI-1640 medium. Homozygously mated BALB/c females on GD6 were used as recipients and were intravenously injected with 1 × 10^7^ donor cells in 100 *μ*l RPMI-1640. Two days later, recipients were killed, and the uteri were examined for the ratio of foetal abortions. Total RNA isolation and quantitative PCR ---------------------------------------- Total RNAs were extracted with a kit (BioTeke, Beijing, China) and then used as templates for reverse transcription (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). cDNA was amplified using SYBR Green MasterMix (ComWin Biotech Co. Ltd, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer\'s instructions. Quantitative PCR was performed with a LightCycler 480 (Roche, Indianapolis, IN, USA). The primers used are summarized in [Supplementary Tables 1 and 2](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}, and the target gene mRNA expression was normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) expression. The fold change was calculated as 2 ^−ΔΔCt^ (cycle threshold). Western blotting ---------------- The following primary Abs were used: anti-CD49b, anti-STAT-1, anti-pSTAT-1 (Cell Signalling Technology Inc., Danvers, MA, USA), anti-CX3CL1 (eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA), anti-CX3CR1 (eBioscience), anti-actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) and anti-GAPDH (Hangzhou Goodhere Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, China). Proteins were extracted by nondenaturing lysis buffer (Applygen, Beijing, China), and the concentration was determined by a bicinchoninic acid Protein Assay Kit (Pierce, Rockford, IL, USA). Proteins were separated by SDS--PAGE and transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane (Pall, New York, NY, USA). The membranes were blocked in 5% skimmed dry milk in TBST at 37 °C for 1 h and then incubated with primary Abs at 4 °C overnight, followed by incubation with secondary Abs conjugated to HRP at 37 °C for 1 h (KPL, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Chemiluminescence reactions were performed with an ECL Detection Kit (Pierce), and images were acquired using a Kodak X-Omat film (Carestream, Xiamen, China). Bands were analysed using Bio-Rad Quantity One software (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA), and expression was calculated as the ratio of the signal for the specific protein to the signal for actin or GAPDH. Immunochemical staining ----------------------- Anti-CX3CL1 primary Ab and biotinylated-DBA lectin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were used. Cryosections (8 *μ*m) of uteri were fixed in 4% PFA for 15 min. After being washed in PBS, the sections were blocked with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 5 min and sequential 10% horse normal serum (ZSGB-BIO, Beijing, China) at 37 °C for 1 h. Then, the cryosections were incubated with anti-CX3CL1 primary Ab or biotinylated-DBA lectin at 4 °C overnight, followed by incubation with secondary Ab conjugated to HRP or streptavidin-HRP (ZSGB-BIO) at 37 °C for 1 h. The isolated uterine stromal cells were cultured for 12 h and fixed in 4% PFA for 15 min. After being washed in PBS, the cells were blocked with PBS containing 1% BSA at 37 °C for 1 h and then incubated with anti-CX3CL1 primary Ab at 4 °C overnight, followed by incubation with a secondary Ab conjugated to HRP at 37 °C for 1 h. Cell and tissue slides were stained with diaminobenzidine (ZSGB-BIO) and counterstained with haematoxylin. Images were taken using a Nikon ECLIPSE Ni-U microscope and the NIS software (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Isolation and primary culture of uterine stromal cells ------------------------------------------------------ Uterine stromal cells were isolated from non-pregnant BALB/c mice, according to the protocol previously described, with minor modifications.^[@bib46]^ In brief, uteri were dissected longitudinally and minced into small fragments. Uterine pieces were then placed in 1% trypsin (Sigma-Aldrich) and incubated in a sequence for 1 h at 4 °C and 1.5 h at room temperature with pipetting up and down every 10 min. The tissues remaining after the digestion were washed two times with PBS and incubated for subsequent digestion in 0.1% collagenase (Sigma-Aldrich) at 37 °C for 1 h with pipetting up and down every 10 min. At the end of the digestion, tissues were immediately diluted in DMEM/F12 at a 1 : 1 ratio (HyClone) with 10% FBS and mixed thoroughly. Then, the digested cells (primarily stromal cells) were sifted through 76 and 37 *μ*m cell strainers in a sequence and centrifuged. The pellet was washed two times with PBS. Cells were seeded at a density of 10^6^ cells per 35 cm^2^ in a dish containing DMEM/F12 (1 : 1) supplemented with 10% FBS. After uterine stromal cells adhered to the culture dishes, cells were transferred to serum-free DMEM/F12 (1 : 1) and starved for 24 h before treatment with various concentrations of IFN-*γ*. For inhibitor pretreatment, cells were incubated with various concentrations of AG490 (Sigma-Aldrich) or fludarabine (Selleck Chemicals, Houston, TX, USA) for 2 h before IFN-*γ* stimulation. After 12 h in culture, stromal cell CM was removed, centrifuged at 12 000 r.p.m. for 7 min and stored at −20 °C before use. The purity of isolated uterine stromal cells was above 90% (data not shown). Isolation of splenic NK cells ----------------------------- NK cells were aseptically isolated by mechanical dispersion of the whole GD8 BALB/c spleen in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 1% FBS and penicillin/streptomycin (100 U/ml). Cell suspensions were subsequently passed through a 37 *μ*m nylon mesh followed by density gradient separation using HISTOPAQUE 1083 (Sigma-Aldrich), according to the manufacturer\'s instructions. Briefly, cell suspensions were carefully loaded onto the HISTOPAQUE 1083 surface and centrifuged at 2000 r.p.m. for exactly 30 min at room temperature. After centrifugation, the opaque interface containing the mononuclear cells was carefully aspirated, washed with RPMI-1640 medium and resuspended in PBS containing 0.2% BSA. Cells were then pretreated with anti-mouse CD16/CD32 mAb (eBioscience) for 10 min on ice and incubated with APC-conjugated anti-CD49b (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) and PE-conjugated anti-CD3 (eBioscience) mAbs for 30 min at 4 °C. After incubation, cells were washed once with PBS containing 0.2% BSA and sorted by a FACSAria instrument (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). Postsort NK cell purity was routinely more than 95% (data not shown). Chemotaxis assay ---------------- Quantitative NK cell transmigration assays were evaluated in 5 *μ*m pore Transwell inserts (Corning, Corning, NY, USA), as described previously.^[@bib39]^ Splenic CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells in 100 *μ*l were loaded in the upper well, and 600 *μ*l of medium supplemented with various concentrations of CX3CL1 or stromal cells CM was added to the lower compartment. Cells were allowed to migrate for 2.5 h at 37 °C, with 5% CO~2~, and then cells in the bottom chamber were collected and counted for 150 s using a FACScalibur (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). For treatment with PTX, cells were pretreated with PTX at 500 ng/ml overnight before the assay. Where indicted, blocking of CX3CL1 was performed by adding 5 *μ*g/ml anti-CX3CL1-neutralizing mAb (R&D Systems) or control rat IgG (R&D Systems) to the cell suspension. Cell migration was expressed as a chemotaxis index, which was calculated by the number of migrated cells in the presence of a given CX3CL1 concentration or stromal cell CM divided by the number of migrated cells in response to medium alone. Immunofluorescence ------------------ Isolated splenic CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells were cytospun onto slides, air dried and fixed in 4% PFA for 20 min. Slides were then blocked with 10% horse normal serum at 37 °C for 1 h and incubated with rabbit anti-CX3CR1 or control rabbit IgG overnight at 4 °C. After three washes with PBS, slides were incubated with FITC-conjugated anti-rabbit secondary Ab (KPL) at 37 °C for 1 h. After staining, slides were washed with PBS and then mounted with antifade mounting media containing PI. Confocal microscopy was performed on a Leica TCS SP8 (Leica, Mannheim, Germany) and final image processing was performed using Leica Application Site Advanced Fluorescence (Leica). Cell suspension preparation and flow cytometry analysis ------------------------------------------------------- Peripheral blood was collected in heparinized disposable vacuum blood collection tubes. RBCs were lysed with an ammonium chloride lysing solution. Cells were then washed with RPMI-1640 medium and resuspended in PBS containing 0.2% BSA for further staining. Uteri were dissected free from the mesometrium and minced into small fragments. Minced uteri were then placed in HBSS containing 200 U/ml hyaluronidase (Sigma-Aldrich), 1 mg/ml collagenase type IV (Sigma-Aldrich) and 0.2 mg/ml DNase (Sigma-Aldrich) for 20 min at 37 °C, as previously described with some modifications.^[@bib47]^ After the digestion, cells were washed with PBS containing 0.2% BSA and incubated in the same buffer for 15 min at 37 °C before filtration through a 37 *μ*m nylon mesh. After centrifugation, cells were resuspended in PBS containing 0.2% BSA for further staining. Cells suspensions were blocked with anti-mouse CD16/CD32 mAb and then incubated with APC-conjugated anti-CD49b plus FITC-conjugated anti-CD45 (eBioscience) and PE-conjugated anti-CD3 mAbs for 30 min at 4 °C. After staining, cells were rinsed with PBS containing 0.2% BSA and analysed on a FACScalibur. Statistics ---------- Statistical significance was established when *P*\<0.05. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 16.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). We thank Prof. Qing-Yuan Sun and Prof. Haibin Wang for critical reading and revision of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2011CB944402), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31171435), the Knowledge Innovation Program in the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-R-06) and the National Key Technology R&D Program (2012BAI31B07). **Author Contributions** J-PP designed experiments, provided critical reagents and experimental expertise and supervised the study; Z-YL designed experiments, performed the experiments, analysed the data and wrote the manuscript; H-HC designed experiments, performed the experiments, analysed the data and made the figures; H-YL, Z-HS, L-LL, Y-JZ, YY performed the experiments. Ab : antibody CM : conditioned medium Ct : cycle threshold CX3CR1 : CX3CL1 receptor DAB : diaminobenzidine DBA : *Dolichos biflorus agglutinin* ECs : endothelial cells GAPDH : glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GD : gestational day H&E : haematoxylin and eosin IFN-*γ* : interferon gamma JAK : Janus family kinase KLRG1 : killer lectin-like receptor G1 MHC : major histocompatibility complex MLAp : mesometrial lymphoid aggregate of pregnancy NK : natural killer PFA : paraformaldehyde pSTAT1 : phosphorylated STAT1 PTX : pertussis toxin RPL : recurrent pregnancy loss STAT : signal transducers and activators of transcription TGF*β*1 : transforming growth factor *β*1 uNK : uterine NK [Supplementary Information](#sup1){ref-type="supplementary-material"} accompanies this paper on Cell Death and Disease website (http://www.nature.com/cddis) Edited by T Brunner The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supplementary Material {#sup1} ====================== ###### Click here for additional data file. ###### Click here for additional data file. ###### Click here for additional data file. ###### Click here for additional data file. ###### Click here for additional data file. {#fig1} {ref-type="supplementary-material"} for the gating strategy and the percentages of CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells (lower-right quadrant). Data show the mean±S.E.M. of four (uteri) or five (blood) independent experiments and are obtained from four (uteri) or five (blood) mice of each group, respectively. \*\**P*\<0.01 by independent samples *T*-test. DB, decidua basalis; E, embryo](cddis2014470f2){#fig2} {#fig3} {#fig4} {#fig5} {ref-type="supplementary-material"} for the gating strategy and the percentages of CD3^−^CD49b^+^ NK cells (lower-right quadrant). Data show the mean±S.E.M. of three independent experiments and are obtained from three mice of each group, respectively. \**P*\<0.05 and \*\**P*\<0.01 by independent samples *T*-test](cddis2014470f6){#fig6} [^1]: These authors contributed equally to this work. | Mid | [
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28.75,
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Q: Why won't .save() use the data I tell it too Ok so this may be kind of odd, but hear me out. first thing, this question is related to my issue. In a nutshell. I am trying to make Mongo entries, everything is communicating, but my model.save() only save id and version. The difference in what I am trying to do is that I don't want what to send any data. I want to send a GET request, and I want the server to generate the initial data entry. That entry just being a timestamp and a boolean. So my code looks like this const CLOCK_IN = (req ,res ) => { const TimeCard = new TimeCardModel({ startTime: new Date.now(), clockedIn: true }) TimeCard.save() .then(res => { res.json(TimeCard.toJSON()) }) .catch(err => { res.json(err) }) } So what they say in the first question. Is that the object is empty because the function can't read the data. So do I need to write up some code that will make the data I want before I call the entry saving function? Or is there something else that I'm missing? A: My schema was wrong. The answer is in the docs my model was defined var animalSchema = new Schema({name: { Type: Date }, proper syntax is var animalSchema = new Schema({ name: String, type: String }); | Mid | [
0.61501210653753,
31.75,
19.875
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Q: Can silica gel beads cause silicosis if crushed? Can silica gel beads (which I believe are amorphous) when crushed to dust cause silicosis? A: No, it won't. Silica beads dust may cause irritation to the skin and eyes. Unlike silica crystalline, synthetic amorphous silica gel is indurated, and so does not cause silicosis. | High | [
0.6922060766182291,
32.75,
14.5625
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*Streptococcus pneumoniae* is a common pathogen that causes community-acquired infections, such as upper respiratory infections, pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis.[@B1] Clinical syndromes are classified as noninvasive illnesses, such as contiguous spread from the nasopharynx or skin, and invasive illnesses causing infections in sterile body fluids or bacteremia.[@B2] Pneumococci are divided into serotypes based on capsular polysaccharide structures, and 93 serotypes are currently recognized. Serotype distribution varies by age, disease syndrome, and geography.[@B3][@B4] Ever since the licensure and routine administration of polysaccharide-protein pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pneumococcal ecology has changed, and the serotype distribution in PCV era may be different.[@B5] Non-vaccine type (NVT) strains causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) are circulating worldwide.[@B6] The vicious cycle of antibiotic exposure, selection of resistant organisms in the nasopharynx, and transmission of these organisms within the community, which leads to difficult-to-treat infections, has been interrupted to some extent by the introduction and routine use of PCV. Herein, we report an unvaccinated healthy woman with extensive IPD caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) *S. pneumoniae* of NVT suspected to have spread from a PCV13 vaccinated infant. A 29-year-old healthy woman, who suffered from fever and headache for 3 days, was admitted to our hospital. She was diagnosed with frontal sinusitis and cranial epidural abscess ([Fig. 1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). *S. pneumoniae* grew in the blood and tissue specimens from the frontal sinus obtained by a surgical approach. An antibiotic susceptibility test showed an MDR pathogen ([Table 1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). Based on these results, the patient received levofloxacin (500 mg once daily) and vancomycin (1000 mg twice daily) for 2 weeks on admission and levofloxacin for 4 weeks in an outpatient clinic. We evaluated the patient\'s family members (her husband and 9-month-old infant) to detect the origin of the colonizer MDR *S. pneumoniae*. Family members were subjected to nasopharyngeal (NP) swab culture as an outpatient procedure. The patient\'s blood, sputum, and tissue samples from inflammatory lesions of the frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinus were examined. Specimens were streaked on 5% sheep blood agar plate, and then incubated for 24--48 hr at 37℃. In the case of blood, specimens were used after the positive signal in Bact/Alert 3D System (bioMerieux, Marcy-l\'Etoile, France). For the identification of isolates, we used standard microbiological techniques using typical colonial appearance, hemolysis, Gram staining, bile solubility, susceptibility to optochin (1 µg) discs, and the automated VITEK II system (bioMerieux) with *S. pneumoniae* ATCC 49619 for quality control. According to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, separate interpretive breakpoints were used to define the resistance of isolates to each antimicrobial agent,[@B7] and an isolate resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial agents was considered MDR. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Jeju National University Hospital (JNUH 19-02-007), and informed consent was obtained from all participants (the patient and family members). *S. pneumoniae* isolates were re-inoculated onto blood agar plates to identify the molecular serotypes. Isolates with appropriate properties were serotyped by a sequetyping method, as described previously.[@B8] Genomic DNA was extracted from bacterial cells of a colony of pneumococci using heat lysis method. The primers used to amplify and sequence the cps gene were as follows: *cps1*, 5′-GCA ATG CCA GAC AGT AAC CTC TAT-3′, and *cps2*, 5′-CCT GCC TGC AAG TCT TGA TT-3′. The *cps* locus was conserved in all serotypes, and the middle region of the operon contained serotype-specific genes that were used as targets of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based serotyping methods.[@B8] PCR amplicons were analyzed by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. A second primer pair targeting the 16S rRNA gene was used to identify the species. Amplicons with the expected *cps* band sizes (\~1000 base pairs) were purified using a PCR Purification Kit, according to the manufacturer\'s instructions. Cycle sequencing was performed using BigDye Sequence Terminator v.3.1 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), according to the manufacturer\'s protocol. Amplicon nucleotide sequences were used to search against the GenBank database (<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/>), and the highest BLAST bit score (typically \>98% identity) was used to identify the serotype. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on capsular polysaccharide synthesis (*cps*) gene sequences, using the maximum likelihood method implemented in MEGA 6.[@B9] The *cps* sequence data for *S. pneumoniae* were obtained from NCBI/BLAST (<https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi>). The patient\'s infant was previously healthy, but had experienced an upper respiratory infection 15 days ago and took medicine from a local clinic. According to the Korean National Immunization Program (NIP), routine PCV 13 vaccination was administrated three times. The husband was also healthy, and did not show any sign and symptom of infection within the past three months. *S. pneumoniae* was isolated from the NP swab culture of the patient\'s infant. However, the husband\'s culture was free of pathogens. When bacterial strain analysis was performed on samples from the patient and her infant, capsule serotype was 15B/C (strain 0556-97/3031-06; GenBank number, KY750640.1/KY750644.1). Antibiotic susceptibility test showed identical results for isolates of the mother and her infant ([Table 2](#T2){ref-type="table"}), and their sequence types also matched ([Fig. 2](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). We report on the transmission of an MDR *S. pneumoniae* of NVT causing cranial epidural abscess, sinusitis, and bacteremia from the nasopharynx of a PCV13-vaccinated infant to a young adult, and changes of antibiotics susceptibilities of serotype 15B/C in PCV era. Pneumococcal colonization is believed to represent the most important source of horizontal spread within the community.[@B10] Since children serve as major vectors of pneumococcal transmission, NP colonization may occur in adults via contact with children.[@B11] By 1 year of age, \~50% of children tend to experience at least one episode of pneumococcal colonization.[@B2][@B12] Although the introduction of PCV was followed by a successful reduction in IPD cases for both children and adults,[@B4][@B11] the frequency of PCV serotypes decreased while that of non-PCV serotypes increased among NP carriage pneumococci in the PCV13 era.[@B11][@B13] A meta-analysis revealed that non-PCV13 serotypes contributed to 42.2% of childhood IPD cases, and non-PCV13 serotypes, such as 22F, 12F, 33F, 24F, 15B, 15C, 23B, 10A, and 38, were predominant in PCV era.[@B14] In addition, an increase in IPD caused by *S. pneumoniae* of NVT has been reported.[@B13][@B15] In particular, serotype 15B/C is currently among the most prevalent replacement for non-PCV13 serotypes,[@B16] and this serotype changes by capsular switching, which involves the emergence of NVT in a prevalent clone by replacement of the capsular polysaccharide locus, such as the switch from serotype 9V to 19A and from serotype 19A to 15B.[@B17] *S. pneumoniae* of the patient and her baby in this study were resistant to most antimicrobial agents tested, except linezolid, tigecycline, vancomycin, and levofloxacin, as observed by MDR patterns ([Table 1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). Additionally, we investigated serotype 15B/C in our previous study.[@B13] Four serotypes 15B/C pneumococci were found in two children and two elderly patients ([Table 2](#T2){ref-type="table"}). All patients had pneumonia. Serotype 15B/C of *S. pneumoniae* isolates showed non-susceptibility to antibiotic classes (penicillins, macrolides, and tetracyclines) in 2009 and 2010. However, *S. pneumoniae* isolated from this patient and her infant showed resistance to antibiotic classes (penicillins, lincosamides, macrolides, cephalosporin, and tetracyclines) in 2018. Compared to 2009 and 2010, the resistance pattern for *S. pneumoniae* of 15B/C changed within the community in 2018. It is important to monitor the frequency of serotype exchanges in order to predict the long-term efficacy of PCV vaccines. Our study had some limitations. First, we could not definitely conclude that the same serotype had spread from the infant to the mother, since it may have been transmitted from another patient or colonizer with *S. pneumoniae* of 15B/C serotype. Second, our data may not reflect the nationwide serotype and clonal distributions. IPD of NVT can spread among healthy adults by close contact between family members. Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of *S. pneumoniae* is important for disease management in the Korean population. Further surveillance and studies of serotype distribution in the community are necessary in the PCV 13 era. This work was performed during the author\'s research year at Yuhan in 2019. The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose. **AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS:** **Conceptualization:** Sang Taek Heo.**Data curation:** Young Ree Kim, Suhyun Oh, Jae-Geun Lee.**Formal analysis:** Keun Hwa Lee.**Investigation:** Sang Taek Heo, Jeong Rae Yoo.**Methodology:** Jeong Rae Yoo, Keun Hwa Lee.**Project administration:** Sang Taek Heo.**Software:** Keun Hwa Lee.**Supervision:** Sang Taek Heo.**Validation:** Sang Taek Heo.**Visualization:** Sang Taek Heo.**Writing---original draft:** Jeong Rae Yoo.**Writing---review & editing:** Sang Taek Heo. {#F1} {#F2} ###### Antibiotic Susceptibility Tests of Serotype 15B/C *Streptococcus pneumoniae*  Subject Antibiotics susceptibility test ----------- --------------------------------- ------- -------- ---------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------- --------- This case R (≥8) N/A R (≥1) R (4) R (4) R (≥8) S (0.5) S (≤2) I (20) R (≥16) S (0.5) Infant R (≥8) N/A R (≥1) R (4) R (4) R (≥8) S (0.5) S (≤2) I (20) R (≥16) S (0.5) 1 I (0.5) N/A N/A S (0.12) S (0.12) R (≥1) S (≤0.5) S (≤2) I (40) R (≥16) S (≤1) 2 R (≥2) S (2) N/A I (1) S (1) R (≥1) S (1) S (≤2) R (160) R (≥16) S (≤1) 3 R (≥2) S (2) N/A I (1) S (1) R (≥1) S (1) S (≤2) R (≥320) R (≥16) S (≤1) 4 R (≥2) S (2) N/A I (1) S (1) R (≥1) S (1) S (≤2) R (≥320) R (≥16) S (≤1) TMP/SFX, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; N/A, not applicable; R, resistance; S, sensitive; I, intermediate. ###### Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Serotype 15B/C *Streptococcus pneumoniae* at Jeju National University Hospital  Subject Date (yr/mon/day) Sex Age (yr) CCI Diagnosis Pitt score Invasive disease Community onset Specimen OP Antibiotics Duration of antibiotics (wk) Hospital days Outcome ----------- ------------------- ----- ---------- ----- -------------------------------- ------------ ------------------ ----------------- --------------------- ----- ----------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ---------- This case 18/12/01 F 29 0 Epidural abscess and sinusitis 1 Yes Yes Blood/Frontal sinus Yes Lev and Van→Lev 6 21 Improved 1 09/10/06 M 84 10 Pneumonia 1 No Yes Sputum No Mox 1 N/A^\*^ Improved 2 09/12/26 F 2 0 Pneumonia 2 No Yes Sputum No AMP/SBT 1 5 Improved 3 10/01/20 F 60 2 Pneumonia 1 No Yes Sputum No Cef→cefodoxime 1 4 Improved 4 09/12/27 M 2 0 Pneumonia 1 No Yes Sputum^†^ No Clar 1 5 Improved CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; OP, operation; F, female; M, male; Lev, levofloxacin; Van, vancomycin; Mox, moxifloxacin; Cef, ceftriaxone; Clar, clarithromycin; AMP/SBT, ampicillin/sultactam. ^\*^Not hospitalized; ^†^Broncho-alveolar lavage. | High | [
0.6645161290322581,
25.75,
13
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/* * * Copyright (C) 2003-2005, OFFIS * * This software and supporting documentation were developed by * * Kuratorium OFFIS e.V. * Healthcare Information and Communication Systems * Escherweg 2 * D-26121 Oldenburg, Germany * * THIS SOFTWARE IS MADE AVAILABLE, AS IS, AND OFFIS MAKES NO WARRANTY * REGARDING THE SOFTWARE, ITS PERFORMANCE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR * FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR USE, FREEDOM FROM ANY COMPUTER DISEASES OR * ITS CONFORMITY TO ANY SPECIFICATION. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO QUALITY AND * PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS WITH THE USER. * * Module: dcmsr * * Author: Joerg Riesmeier * * Purpose: * classes: DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker * * Last Update: $Author: lpysher $ * Update Date: $Date: 2006/03/01 20:16:11 $ * CVS/RCS Revision: $Revision: 1.1 $ * Status: $State: Exp $ * * CVS/RCS Log at end of file * */ #include "osconfig.h" /* make sure OS specific configuration is included first */ #include "dsrcomcc.h" DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker::DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker() : DSRIODConstraintChecker() { } DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker::~DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker() { } OFBool DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker::isByReferenceAllowed() const { return OFTrue; } OFBool DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker::isTemplateSupportRequired() const { return OFFalse; } const char *DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker::getRootTemplateIdentifier() const { return NULL; } DSRTypes::E_DocumentType DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker::getDocumentType() const { return DT_ComprehensiveSR; } OFBool DSRComprehensiveSRConstraintChecker::checkContentRelationship(const E_ValueType sourceValueType, const E_RelationshipType relationshipType, const E_ValueType targetValueType, const OFBool byReference) const { /* the following code implements the contraints of table A.35.3-2 in DICOM PS3.3 */ OFBool result = OFFalse; /* row 1 of the table */ if ((relationshipType == RT_contains) && (sourceValueType == VT_Container)) { result = (targetValueType == VT_Text) || (targetValueType == VT_Code) || (targetValueType == VT_Num) || (targetValueType == VT_DateTime) || (targetValueType == VT_Date) || (targetValueType == VT_Time) || (targetValueType == VT_UIDRef) || (targetValueType == VT_PName) || (targetValueType == VT_SCoord) || (targetValueType == VT_TCoord) || (targetValueType == VT_Composite) || (targetValueType == VT_Image) || (targetValueType == VT_Waveform) || ((targetValueType == VT_Container) && !byReference /* only by-value */); /* tbd: check what the standard PS3.3-2003 states in A.35.3.3.1.2 (?): "It is legal to have a CONTAINS relationship by-reference to a target that is not a CONTAINER, such as a TEXT or CODE, which itself has immediate or distant descendants that are CONTAINERS, which may then subsequently have CONTAINS relationships by value with CONTAINERS." */ } /* row 2 of the table */ else if ((relationshipType == RT_hasObsContext) && ((sourceValueType == VT_Container) || (sourceValueType == VT_Text) || (sourceValueType == VT_Code) || (sourceValueType == VT_Num))) { result = (targetValueType == VT_Text) || (targetValueType == VT_Code) || (targetValueType == VT_Num) || (targetValueType == VT_DateTime) || (targetValueType == VT_Date) || (targetValueType == VT_Time) || (targetValueType == VT_UIDRef) || (targetValueType == VT_PName) || (targetValueType == VT_Composite); } /* row 3 of the table */ else if ((relationshipType == RT_hasAcqContext) && ((sourceValueType == VT_Container) || (sourceValueType == VT_Image) || (sourceValueType == VT_Waveform) || (sourceValueType == VT_Composite) || (sourceValueType == VT_Num /* see CP 571 */))) { result = (targetValueType == VT_Text) || (targetValueType == VT_Code) || (targetValueType == VT_Num) || (targetValueType == VT_DateTime) || (targetValueType == VT_Date) || (targetValueType == VT_Time) || (targetValueType == VT_UIDRef) || (targetValueType == VT_PName) || (targetValueType == VT_Container); } /* row 4 of the table */ else if ((relationshipType == RT_hasConceptMod) && !byReference /* only by-value, see CP 359 */) { result = (targetValueType == VT_Text) || (targetValueType == VT_Code); } /* row 5 and 6 of the table */ else if (((relationshipType == RT_hasProperties) || (relationshipType == RT_inferredFrom)) && ((sourceValueType == VT_Text) || (sourceValueType == VT_Code) || (sourceValueType == VT_Num))) { result = (targetValueType == VT_Text) || (targetValueType == VT_Code) || (targetValueType == VT_Num) || (targetValueType == VT_DateTime) || (targetValueType == VT_Date) || (targetValueType == VT_Time) || (targetValueType == VT_UIDRef) || (targetValueType == VT_PName) || (targetValueType == VT_Composite) || (targetValueType == VT_Image) || (targetValueType == VT_Waveform) || (targetValueType == VT_SCoord) || (targetValueType == VT_TCoord) || (targetValueType == VT_Container); } /* row 7 of the table */ else if ((relationshipType == RT_selectedFrom) && (sourceValueType == VT_SCoord)) { result = (targetValueType == VT_Image); } /* row 8 of the table */ else if ((relationshipType == RT_selectedFrom) && (sourceValueType == VT_TCoord)) { result = (targetValueType == VT_SCoord) || (targetValueType == VT_Image) || (targetValueType == VT_Waveform); } return result; } /* * CVS/RCS Log: * $Log: dsrcomcc.cc,v $ * Revision 1.1 2006/03/01 20:16:11 lpysher * Added dcmtkt ocvs not in xcode and fixed bug with multiple monitors * * Revision 1.5 2005/12/08 15:47:42 meichel * Changed include path schema for all DCMTK header files * * Revision 1.4 2005/07/27 16:55:46 joergr * Added provisional support for CP571, i.e. allow certain relationships needed * for TID 5203 (Echo Measurement). * * Revision 1.3 2003/10/09 13:00:41 joergr * Added check for root template identifier when reading an SR document. * * Revision 1.2 2003/09/17 09:21:08 joergr * Implemented CP 359, i.e. forbid HAS CONCEPT MOD relationship by-reference. * * Revision 1.1 2003/09/15 14:16:50 joergr * Introduced new class to facilitate checking of SR IOD relationship content * constraints. Replaced old implementation distributed over numerous classes. * */ | Mid | [
0.545861297539149,
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Q: How to change android tab text on the fly? This seems like it should be simple, but I can't figure out a way to do it. I'm needing a tab to have beginning text, but then have that text change after the user selects an item from a list. I know how to change tab backgrounds and colors via mTabHost.getChildAt(index).setBackgroundColor(); but there isn't an option to change the tab's indicator. I've tried using an EditText. private EditText tabName; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.statistics); comm = new Communicator(); tabName = new EditText(this); tabName.setText("BeginningText"); mTabHost = getTabHost(); mTabHost.addTab(mTabHost .newTabSpec("tab_1_stat") .setIndicator(User) .setContent(R.id.meStatsTab)); mTabHost.addTab(mTabHost .newTabSpec("tab_2_stat") .setIndicator(tabName.getText()) .setContent(R.id.themStatsTab)); mTabHost.addTab(mTabHost .newTabSpec("tab_3_stat") .setIndicator("Archive") .setContent(R.id.archiveStatsTab)); mTabHost.setOnTabChangedListener(this); getTabWidget().getChildAt(1).setOnClickListener(new onThemTabClicked()); mTabHost.setCurrentTab(0); onTabChanged("tab_1_stat"); } ..... @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent); tabName.setText("ChangedTabText"); Bundle extras = intent.getExtras(); themStats = extras.getStringArray("themStats"); mTabHost.setCurrentTab(1); onTabChanged("tab_2_stat"); } That didn't work either, along with a few other attempts. Any ideas? Thanks ahead of time! A: try this easiest way which works for me : tabLayout.getTabAt(index).setText("TabName"); A: Wow. Okay this was a pain. Apparently TabWidget does something funky with RelativeLayout and everytime I tried to do anything with radek-k's solution it was blowing up with a RelativeLayout error. So basically the work around is the following. It also allows you to change the font, font size, font color, etc. TabWidget vTabs = getTabWidget(); RelativeLayout rLayout = (RelativeLayout) vTabs.getChildAt(tabIndex); ((TextView) rLayout.getChildAt(textIndex)).setText("NewTabText"); or in one line... ((TextView)((RelativeLayout)getTabWidget().getChildAt(tabIndex)).getChildAt(textIndex)).setText("NewTabText"); where "textIndex" is the index of the text field. In this case it is 1. If the tab has an icon or custom modifications the index could change. Thanks again to radek-k. You definitely got me pointed in the right direction. A: You can do it without knowing the magic index of the TextView by using findViewById: TabWidget vTabs = getTabWidget(); View indicatorView = vTabs.getChildAt(tabIndex); ((TextView) indicatorView.findViewById(android.R.id.title)).setText("NewTabText"); | Low | [
0.532051282051282,
31.125,
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