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75,625,089 | Lobariella reticulata | Lobariella reticulata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in Colombia.
The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2013 by the lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first author in Zona de Amortiguación, Mundo Nuevo, La Calera, Cundinamarca (Colombia) at elevations ranging from 2,900 to 3,100 m (9,500 to 10,200 ft).
Lobariella reticulata is known for its growth on thin trunks, stems, and branches. The thallus of this species can reach up to 8 cm (3.1 in) in diameter and is loosely attached to its substrate. Its photobiont is the green alga Dictyochloropsis. The individual lobes of Lobariella reticulata can grow up to 4 cm (1.6 in) long and are characterized by their irregular shape with incised apices and irregularly incised margins, measuring 5–10 mm in width. These lobes are irregularly branched, forming circular to irregular thallus rosettes. The upper surface of the lichen is pale green when hydrated, turning pale grey when dry, and often becomes pale yellowish grey in herbarium conditions. This surface is marked by dense, linear maculae forming a reticulate, white network, weakly contrasting with the surrounding thallus surface. The species lacks pseudocyphellae but often forms reticulate cracks towards the centre. Isidia are absent in this species.
The lower surface of Lobariella reticulata is cream-coloured to pale yellowish brown, featuring a very short, dense tomentum made up of hyphae composed of spherical cells. The tomentum is cream-coloured to pale yellowish brown, with discrete, white to pale yellowish brown rhizines that are unbranched or occasionally branched at the tip. These rhizines become darker towards the centre and are covered with tomentum up to their tips. The upper cortex of Lobariella reticulata is paraplectenchymatous, measuring 25–35 μm in thickness, with a 4–5 μm thick epicortex formed of 3–5 cell layers. The algal layer is 15–25 μm thick, while the medulla is between 100 and 150 μm thick. The lower cortex mirrors the upper in structure, being paraplectenchymatous and 10–15 μm thick, formed of 2–3 cell layers.
Apothecia (fruiting bodies) in Lobariella reticulata are abundant, cup-shaped, and can reach up to 7 mm in diameter, featuring thick, strongly prominent, crisp, pale grey margins. The lobules are very irregular, often branched or incised, and the disc is concave and orange-brown. The excipulum is composed of parallel, partly branched hyphae resembling a paraplectenchyma. The hymenium is clear, measuring 120–130 μm in height, with a yellow-orange, strongly conglutinated epithecium. Ascospores of Lobariella reticulata are narrowly fusiform, measuring 60–80 by 4–5 μm, with 7 septa and a hyaline appearance. Pycnidia were not observed in this species.
Lobariella reticulata is found in the páramo of Sumapaz near Bogotá, Colombia. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lobariella reticulata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in Colombia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2013 by the lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first author in Zona de Amortiguación, Mundo Nuevo, La Calera, Cundinamarca (Colombia) at elevations ranging from 2,900 to 3,100 m (9,500 to 10,200 ft).",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Lobariella reticulata is known for its growth on thin trunks, stems, and branches. The thallus of this species can reach up to 8 cm (3.1 in) in diameter and is loosely attached to its substrate. Its photobiont is the green alga Dictyochloropsis. The individual lobes of Lobariella reticulata can grow up to 4 cm (1.6 in) long and are characterized by their irregular shape with incised apices and irregularly incised margins, measuring 5–10 mm in width. These lobes are irregularly branched, forming circular to irregular thallus rosettes. The upper surface of the lichen is pale green when hydrated, turning pale grey when dry, and often becomes pale yellowish grey in herbarium conditions. This surface is marked by dense, linear maculae forming a reticulate, white network, weakly contrasting with the surrounding thallus surface. The species lacks pseudocyphellae but often forms reticulate cracks towards the centre. Isidia are absent in this species.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The lower surface of Lobariella reticulata is cream-coloured to pale yellowish brown, featuring a very short, dense tomentum made up of hyphae composed of spherical cells. The tomentum is cream-coloured to pale yellowish brown, with discrete, white to pale yellowish brown rhizines that are unbranched or occasionally branched at the tip. These rhizines become darker towards the centre and are covered with tomentum up to their tips. The upper cortex of Lobariella reticulata is paraplectenchymatous, measuring 25–35 μm in thickness, with a 4–5 μm thick epicortex formed of 3–5 cell layers. The algal layer is 15–25 μm thick, while the medulla is between 100 and 150 μm thick. The lower cortex mirrors the upper in structure, being paraplectenchymatous and 10–15 μm thick, formed of 2–3 cell layers.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Apothecia (fruiting bodies) in Lobariella reticulata are abundant, cup-shaped, and can reach up to 7 mm in diameter, featuring thick, strongly prominent, crisp, pale grey margins. The lobules are very irregular, often branched or incised, and the disc is concave and orange-brown. The excipulum is composed of parallel, partly branched hyphae resembling a paraplectenchyma. The hymenium is clear, measuring 120–130 μm in height, with a yellow-orange, strongly conglutinated epithecium. Ascospores of Lobariella reticulata are narrowly fusiform, measuring 60–80 by 4–5 μm, with 7 septa and a hyaline appearance. Pycnidia were not observed in this species.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Lobariella reticulata is found in the páramo of Sumapaz near Bogotá, Colombia.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution"
}
] | Lobariella reticulata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in Colombia. | 2023-12-22T18:07:37Z | 2023-12-25T06:59:41Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobariella_reticulata |
75,625,109 | Mahibere Kidusan | Mahibere Kidusan (Ge'ez: ማህበረ ቅዱሳን) is a sect of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church formed in 1985 by university students and members of Sunday school with the aim to preserve religious tradition during the Derg era. It emerged as powerful association trained by Zeaway Hammer Berehan St. They are actively working with the government offices, including high-ranking political positions. As an educated class, most of Ethiopian diaspora belonged to this group.
Mahibere Kidusan hold a belief that the Ethiopian Orthodox Church should gain power on the government and often criticized the traditional Orthodox Tewahedo stance for "backwardness" to do this. While the traditional Orthodox Church relatively received less support from the diaspora community, it has gained unanimous support from the Ethiopian government. Mahibere Kidusan controls the official power of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. The sect opposes Tehadiso movement, which is detached from the main Orthodox Church teachings. On 21 May 2023, the Ethiopian Media Authority temporarily suspended its television channel called Mahibere Kidusan TV for alleged inciting religious conflict during Holy Synod meeting. The Media Authority refused to lift ban on Mahibere Kidusan TV with appeal. | [
{
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"text": "Mahibere Kidusan (Ge'ez: ማህበረ ቅዱሳን) is a sect of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church formed in 1985 by university students and members of Sunday school with the aim to preserve religious tradition during the Derg era. It emerged as powerful association trained by Zeaway Hammer Berehan St. They are actively working with the government offices, including high-ranking political positions. As an educated class, most of Ethiopian diaspora belonged to this group.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Mahibere Kidusan hold a belief that the Ethiopian Orthodox Church should gain power on the government and often criticized the traditional Orthodox Tewahedo stance for \"backwardness\" to do this. While the traditional Orthodox Church relatively received less support from the diaspora community, it has gained unanimous support from the Ethiopian government. Mahibere Kidusan controls the official power of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. The sect opposes Tehadiso movement, which is detached from the main Orthodox Church teachings. On 21 May 2023, the Ethiopian Media Authority temporarily suspended its television channel called Mahibere Kidusan TV for alleged inciting religious conflict during Holy Synod meeting. The Media Authority refused to lift ban on Mahibere Kidusan TV with appeal.",
"title": "Beliefs and practices"
}
] | Mahibere Kidusan is a sect of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church formed in 1985 by university students and members of Sunday school with the aim to preserve religious tradition during the Derg era. It emerged as powerful association trained by Zeaway Hammer Berehan St. They are actively working with the government offices, including high-ranking political positions. As an educated class, most of Ethiopian diaspora belonged to this group. | 2023-12-22T18:11:17Z | 2023-12-26T15:54:38Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahibere_Kidusan |
75,625,116 | Hypogymnia amplexa | Hypogymnia amplexa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the western United States and Canada.
The lichen was described as new to science in 2011 by the lichenologists Trevor Goward, Curtise Björk, and Timothy Wheeler. The type specimen was collected by the second author from Riverside State Park in Spokane, Washington, where it was found growing on the branches of a Pinus ponderosa tree. The species name amplexa is derived from the Latin word for "embracing" or "clasping", alluding to the unique characteristic of the lichen's peripheral lobes, which have a tendency to curl around and enclose the twig or branch they grow on.
Hypogymnia amplexa is a foliose lichen that typically spreads up to 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in), although occasionally up to 10 cm (4 in) across. Its structure is corticate, meaning it has a cortex, both above and below. One of its defining features is its hollow lobes, which typically have two distinct morphological types: peripheral and central. The peripheral lobes are short, often as broad as they are long, and tend to be nearly or completely contiguous. They generally flare outward towards their rounded tips and sometimes wrap around the supporting branch. These lobes are usually between 2–3 mm wide, but can sometimes extend up to 4 mm. Small subapical perforations are often present over the upper surface, and occasionally at the lobe tips.
In contrast, the central lobes are less dense, more elongated, and tend to be partly ascending. Initially, their branching is isotomic dichotomous, meaning they branch symmetrically, but later this becomes predominantly anisotomic, resulting in more asymmetrical branching with rather pointed tips. The broadest of these central lobes are between 1.5–2.5 mm wide, and occasionally have small lateral or axillary perforations, especially near the margin of the lower surface.
The upper surface of the thallus is typically whitish or pale pastel green, with a dull appearance that can become brownish when exposed. It does not show black mottling and is generally rugose (wrinkled), often becoming cerebriform (resembling a brain's surface) towards the centre of the thallus. The medullary ceiling is predominantly white but may show weak brown discolouration near ruptures in the lower surface.
The lower surface of Hypogymnia amplexa is black, thin, easily torn, and sharply wrinkled or folded. It lacks rhizines, which are root-like structures found in some lichens. This species does not produce soredia or isidia, which are propagules of asexual reproduction.
The photobiont, the photosynthesizing component of the lichen, is trebouxioid. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) are laminal (occurring on the lamina of the thallus), ranging from sparse to numerous. They are stalked, with pale, often scabrid stalks, and the excipulum (the rim of the fruiting body) is not much expanded and often incurled at the rim. The disk is brown, and the largest apothecia are deeply cup-shaped, measuring between 2 to 8 mm across. The ascospores are ellipsoid, averaging 6.8 to 9.0 μm in length and 4.8 to 7.0 μm in width.
Pycnidia, the asexual reproductive structures, are copious over the upper surface, appearing as tiny black dots. The conidia, or asexual spores, measure approximately 6.5 to 8.0 μm in length and 1 μm in width.
Chemically, Hypogymnia amplexa contains atranorin and physodic acid as major and constant components, along with an occasionally present unknown compound. The cortex reacts to a solution of potassium hydroxide (K+) by turning yellow, while the medulla shows a sudden pink coloration when exposed to potassium chloride (KC+).
Hypogymnia amplexa is predominantly found in western intermontane regions of North America, with its presence primarily noted in eastern Washington, north and central Idaho, and western Montana. It also extends, albeit rarely, into southern intermontane areas of British Columbia. The species is most commonly found growing on the branches of Pinus ponderosa, though it has also been observed on Abies lasiocarpa, Artemisia tridentata, Pinus albicaulis, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. It tends to favor well-lit environments and is often the most prevalent Hypogymnia species in certain areas of eastern Washington and neighboring Idaho. In these regions, it can be a dominant macrolichen, especially on conifer branches in open, dry forests. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hypogymnia amplexa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the western United States and Canada.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The lichen was described as new to science in 2011 by the lichenologists Trevor Goward, Curtise Björk, and Timothy Wheeler. The type specimen was collected by the second author from Riverside State Park in Spokane, Washington, where it was found growing on the branches of a Pinus ponderosa tree. The species name amplexa is derived from the Latin word for \"embracing\" or \"clasping\", alluding to the unique characteristic of the lichen's peripheral lobes, which have a tendency to curl around and enclose the twig or branch they grow on.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Hypogymnia amplexa is a foliose lichen that typically spreads up to 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in), although occasionally up to 10 cm (4 in) across. Its structure is corticate, meaning it has a cortex, both above and below. One of its defining features is its hollow lobes, which typically have two distinct morphological types: peripheral and central. The peripheral lobes are short, often as broad as they are long, and tend to be nearly or completely contiguous. They generally flare outward towards their rounded tips and sometimes wrap around the supporting branch. These lobes are usually between 2–3 mm wide, but can sometimes extend up to 4 mm. Small subapical perforations are often present over the upper surface, and occasionally at the lobe tips.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In contrast, the central lobes are less dense, more elongated, and tend to be partly ascending. Initially, their branching is isotomic dichotomous, meaning they branch symmetrically, but later this becomes predominantly anisotomic, resulting in more asymmetrical branching with rather pointed tips. The broadest of these central lobes are between 1.5–2.5 mm wide, and occasionally have small lateral or axillary perforations, especially near the margin of the lower surface.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The upper surface of the thallus is typically whitish or pale pastel green, with a dull appearance that can become brownish when exposed. It does not show black mottling and is generally rugose (wrinkled), often becoming cerebriform (resembling a brain's surface) towards the centre of the thallus. The medullary ceiling is predominantly white but may show weak brown discolouration near ruptures in the lower surface.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The lower surface of Hypogymnia amplexa is black, thin, easily torn, and sharply wrinkled or folded. It lacks rhizines, which are root-like structures found in some lichens. This species does not produce soredia or isidia, which are propagules of asexual reproduction.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The photobiont, the photosynthesizing component of the lichen, is trebouxioid. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) are laminal (occurring on the lamina of the thallus), ranging from sparse to numerous. They are stalked, with pale, often scabrid stalks, and the excipulum (the rim of the fruiting body) is not much expanded and often incurled at the rim. The disk is brown, and the largest apothecia are deeply cup-shaped, measuring between 2 to 8 mm across. The ascospores are ellipsoid, averaging 6.8 to 9.0 μm in length and 4.8 to 7.0 μm in width.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Pycnidia, the asexual reproductive structures, are copious over the upper surface, appearing as tiny black dots. The conidia, or asexual spores, measure approximately 6.5 to 8.0 μm in length and 1 μm in width.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Chemically, Hypogymnia amplexa contains atranorin and physodic acid as major and constant components, along with an occasionally present unknown compound. The cortex reacts to a solution of potassium hydroxide (K+) by turning yellow, while the medulla shows a sudden pink coloration when exposed to potassium chloride (KC+).",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Hypogymnia amplexa is predominantly found in western intermontane regions of North America, with its presence primarily noted in eastern Washington, north and central Idaho, and western Montana. It also extends, albeit rarely, into southern intermontane areas of British Columbia. The species is most commonly found growing on the branches of Pinus ponderosa, though it has also been observed on Abies lasiocarpa, Artemisia tridentata, Pinus albicaulis, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. It tends to favor well-lit environments and is often the most prevalent Hypogymnia species in certain areas of eastern Washington and neighboring Idaho. In these regions, it can be a dominant macrolichen, especially on conifer branches in open, dry forests.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution"
}
] | Hypogymnia amplexa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the western United States and Canada. | 2023-12-22T18:13:12Z | 2023-12-23T11:09:24Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypogymnia_amplexa |
75,625,123 | Nzakoundou | Nzakoundou is a village in the prefecture of Lim-Pendé in the Central African Republic.
An armed group attacked Nzakoundou on 2 January 2022, killing two people and burning twenty houses. Later, they withdrew from the village after being chased by FACA. 3R rebels captured the village from FACA on 22 March 2022. They killed two soldiers, and FACA retreated towards Kowone. Due to the rebel attack, the villagers sought refuge in the bush. Later, FACA recaptured the village.
On 22 December 2023, 21 people were killed by militants. Homes were burned and the village was abandoned. Local residents blamed the Return, Reclamation, Rehabilitation group.
Nzakoundou has one school.
The village has one heath post.
The village is represented in the National Assembly by Ernest Bonang. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nzakoundou is a village in the prefecture of Lim-Pendé in the Central African Republic.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "An armed group attacked Nzakoundou on 2 January 2022, killing two people and burning twenty houses. Later, they withdrew from the village after being chased by FACA. 3R rebels captured the village from FACA on 22 March 2022. They killed two soldiers, and FACA retreated towards Kowone. Due to the rebel attack, the villagers sought refuge in the bush. Later, FACA recaptured the village.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On 22 December 2023, 21 people were killed by militants. Homes were burned and the village was abandoned. Local residents blamed the Return, Reclamation, Rehabilitation group.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Nzakoundou has one school.",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The village has one heath post.",
"title": "Healthcare"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The village is represented in the National Assembly by Ernest Bonang.",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Nzakoundou is a village in the prefecture of Lim-Pendé in the Central African Republic. | 2023-12-22T18:14:42Z | 2023-12-28T01:38:26Z | [
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75,625,130 | Xanthocarpia jerramungupensis | Xanthocarpia jerramungupensis is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Ingvar Kärnefelt, and John Elix; they classified it in the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected from Jerramungup, Western Australia, where it was found growing among scrub on sandy soil. The species epithet refers to the type locality, which, at the time of its original publication, was the only known location of this lichen. Kondratyuk and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Xanthocarpia in 2013, as part of comprehensive molecular phylogenetics-led restructuring of the Teloschistaceae. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Xanthocarpia jerramungupensis is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Ingvar Kärnefelt, and John Elix; they classified it in the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected from Jerramungup, Western Australia, where it was found growing among scrub on sandy soil. The species epithet refers to the type locality, which, at the time of its original publication, was the only known location of this lichen. Kondratyuk and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Xanthocarpia in 2013, as part of comprehensive molecular phylogenetics-led restructuring of the Teloschistaceae.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Xanthocarpia jerramungupensis is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Ingvar Kärnefelt, and John Elix; they classified it in the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected from Jerramungup, Western Australia, where it was found growing among scrub on sandy soil. The species epithet refers to the type locality, which, at the time of its original publication, was the only known location of this lichen. Kondratyuk and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Xanthocarpia in 2013, as part of comprehensive molecular phylogenetics-led restructuring of the Teloschistaceae. | 2023-12-22T18:16:15Z | 2023-12-22T18:16:15Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthocarpia_jerramungupensis |
75,625,153 | PleasrDAO | PleasrDAO is a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) with a focus on the collective acquisition and curation of digital art through the fractionalization of non-fungible tokens (NFTs).<
On June 9, 2021, PleasrDAO purchased an NFT tied to an image of the Doge meme for over 1,696.9 ETH (over $4 million) in an auction organized by Atsuko Sato, the owner of the dog from the meme image.The auction took place on Zora (NFT Marketplace).
The company purchased Wu-Tang Clan’s art piece Once Upon a Time in Shaolin for $4 million from the federal government to satisfy a judgement against its previous owner, Martin Shkreli.
On April 16, 2021, PleasrDAO acquired Edward Snowden's Stay Free NFT for 2,224 ETH (approximately $5.5 million). The acquisition supported the Freedom of the Press Foundation, with Snowden serving as president. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "PleasrDAO is a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) with a focus on the collective acquisition and curation of digital art through the fractionalization of non-fungible tokens (NFTs).<",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On June 9, 2021, PleasrDAO purchased an NFT tied to an image of the Doge meme for over 1,696.9 ETH (over $4 million) in an auction organized by Atsuko Sato, the owner of the dog from the meme image.The auction took place on Zora (NFT Marketplace).",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The company purchased Wu-Tang Clan’s art piece Once Upon a Time in Shaolin for $4 million from the federal government to satisfy a judgement against its previous owner, Martin Shkreli.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On April 16, 2021, PleasrDAO acquired Edward Snowden's Stay Free NFT for 2,224 ETH (approximately $5.5 million). The acquisition supported the Freedom of the Press Foundation, with Snowden serving as president.",
"title": "Background"
}
] | PleasrDAO is a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) with a focus on the collective acquisition and curation of digital art through the fractionalization of non-fungible tokens (NFTs).< | 2021-11-21T18:32:39Z | 2023-12-24T21:17:47Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PleasrDAO |
75,625,156 | Ashish Dixit | Ashish Dixit (born 2 November 1990) is an Indian actor who mainly works in Hindi films and television. Some of his notable works include Gumrah: End of Innocence (2016), Akira (2016), Dil Dhoondta Hai (2017), Gandii Baat (2018), Parineeti (2022), Palkon Ki Chhaon Mein 2 (2022) and Swaraj (2022).
Ashish was born on 2 November 1990 in Uttar Pradesh and brought up in Mumbai. He is an engineering graduate from Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar College Of Engineering, affiliated to Nagpur University. He is married to Indian television actress Shweta Kanoje. The couple got married in Nagpur on 28 May.
He started his career in 2014 by playing the role of Bablu Awasthi in Bal Gopal Kare Dhamaal. In 2015, he appeared as Sanjay Mishra in Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya. In 2016, he featured in Ekta Kapoor's crime television series Gumrah: End of Innocence. In the same year, he played a key role in A. R. Murugadoss's action thriller film Akira, starring Sonakshi Sinha and Anurag Kashyap. In 2017, he played the role of Abhijeet Dalvi in romantic drama Dil Dhoondta Hai. In 2018, he played the role of Rishabh in romantic horror television series Laal Ishq. In the same year, he featured in Zee TV drama Aap ke Aa Jane Se. He was also the part of main cast for Abhimanyu Singh's horror series Kaun Hai?. He played the role of Ankit Arora in the second season.
In the year 2020, he appeared in ALTBalaji's adult comedy web series Gandii Baat. In 2022, he led the cast for Indian historical TV series Swaraj, a Government of India project aired on DD National. In the same year, he featured in Colors TV's drama series Parineeti produced by Ekta Kapoor. In 2022, he also starred in Palkon Ki Chhaon mai 2 as Nandan Jha, which also featured Sara Khan and Jaya Bhattacharya. In 2023, Ashish was roped in to play a lead role in Diya Aur Baati Hum 2, which is set to premiere on StarPlus. | [
{
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"text": "Ashish Dixit (born 2 November 1990) is an Indian actor who mainly works in Hindi films and television. Some of his notable works include Gumrah: End of Innocence (2016), Akira (2016), Dil Dhoondta Hai (2017), Gandii Baat (2018), Parineeti (2022), Palkon Ki Chhaon Mein 2 (2022) and Swaraj (2022).",
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"text": "Ashish was born on 2 November 1990 in Uttar Pradesh and brought up in Mumbai. He is an engineering graduate from Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar College Of Engineering, affiliated to Nagpur University. He is married to Indian television actress Shweta Kanoje. The couple got married in Nagpur on 28 May.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He started his career in 2014 by playing the role of Bablu Awasthi in Bal Gopal Kare Dhamaal. In 2015, he appeared as Sanjay Mishra in Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya. In 2016, he featured in Ekta Kapoor's crime television series Gumrah: End of Innocence. In the same year, he played a key role in A. R. Murugadoss's action thriller film Akira, starring Sonakshi Sinha and Anurag Kashyap. In 2017, he played the role of Abhijeet Dalvi in romantic drama Dil Dhoondta Hai. In 2018, he played the role of Rishabh in romantic horror television series Laal Ishq. In the same year, he featured in Zee TV drama Aap ke Aa Jane Se. He was also the part of main cast for Abhimanyu Singh's horror series Kaun Hai?. He played the role of Ankit Arora in the second season.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the year 2020, he appeared in ALTBalaji's adult comedy web series Gandii Baat. In 2022, he led the cast for Indian historical TV series Swaraj, a Government of India project aired on DD National. In the same year, he featured in Colors TV's drama series Parineeti produced by Ekta Kapoor. In 2022, he also starred in Palkon Ki Chhaon mai 2 as Nandan Jha, which also featured Sara Khan and Jaya Bhattacharya. In 2023, Ashish was roped in to play a lead role in Diya Aur Baati Hum 2, which is set to premiere on StarPlus.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Ashish Dixit is an Indian actor who mainly works in Hindi films and television. Some of his notable works include Gumrah: End of Innocence (2016), Akira (2016), Dil Dhoondta Hai (2017), Gandii Baat (2018), Parineeti (2022), Palkon Ki Chhaon Mein 2 (2022) and Swaraj (2022). | 2023-12-22T18:23:26Z | 2023-12-25T09:36:48Z | [
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75,625,161 | Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier | Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier (August 31, 1819 – July 23, 1875) is an American novelist, poet, and dramatic reader.
Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier was born on August 31, 1819 in Lubec. Maine. She was the daughter of Lewis Frederick De Lesdernier, Collector of Customs at Passamaquoddy and member of the Massachusetts General Court (1811-1812). In 1839, she married Asa Tapley Richards and they had three children. Forced to care for her children by herself, she reverted to her maiden name and began writing and performing. Her work as an actress and dramatic reader took her to as far as San Francisco.
Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier died on 23 July 1875 in Boston. | [
{
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"text": "Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier (August 31, 1819 – July 23, 1875) is an American novelist, poet, and dramatic reader.",
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"text": "Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier was born on August 31, 1819 in Lubec. Maine. She was the daughter of Lewis Frederick De Lesdernier, Collector of Customs at Passamaquoddy and member of the Massachusetts General Court (1811-1812). In 1839, she married Asa Tapley Richards and they had three children. Forced to care for her children by herself, she reverted to her maiden name and began writing and performing. Her work as an actress and dramatic reader took her to as far as San Francisco.",
"title": ""
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"text": "Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier died on 23 July 1875 in Boston.",
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] | Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier is an American novelist, poet, and dramatic reader. Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier was born on August 31, 1819 in Lubec. Maine. She was the daughter of Lewis Frederick De Lesdernier, Collector of Customs at Passamaquoddy and member of the Massachusetts General Court (1811-1812). In 1839, she married Asa Tapley Richards and they had three children. Forced to care for her children by herself, she reverted to her maiden name and began writing and performing. Her work as an actress and dramatic reader took her to as far as San Francisco. Emily Pierpont de Lesdernier died on 23 July 1875 in Boston. | 2023-12-22T18:24:45Z | 2023-12-27T17:20:45Z | [
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75,625,176 | Flavoplaca austrocitrina | Flavoplaca austrocitrina is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Europe, and has also been recorded in South America.
The lichen was first formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Jan Vondrák, Pavel Říha, Ulf Arup, and Ulrik Søchting, who initially classified it in the genus Caloplaca. The species epithet alludes to its European distribution. The taxon has since been transferred to genus Flavoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the Teloschistaceae.
Caloplaca austrocitrina is characterized by a thallus that predominantly shows a yellow hue, though in some cases it can appear orange. The thallus is either areolate or composed of closely packed squamules. These squamules or areoles are typically thick, ranging from 80 to 380 µm, and they have a width that varies between 0.25 and 1.7 mm. The squamules themselves are flat and smooth, with marginal soralia of the flavocitrina type. In older thalli, the soralia may expand to cover the entire surface.
The soredia of Caloplaca austrocitrina are sized approximately 22 to 61 µm in diameter and can cluster into consoredia. The cortex or alveolate (honeybombed) cortex of the lichen is well-developed, with a thickness spanning from 6 to 40 µm.
About half of the specimens of this species bear apothecia, which are about 0.32 to 0.65 mm in diameter. The disc of the mature apothecia can range from flat to convex. The exciple, which surrounds the apothecia, measures between 50 and 130 µm in thickness and has a zeorine structure. In younger apothecia, the thalline exciple tends to be concealed beneath the true margin, while in older specimens, it is well-developed and persists. The hymenium of Caloplaca austrocitrina has a thickness of 60 to 80 µm. The tips of the paraphyses are widened, measuring between 3.0 and 6.0 µm.
The ascospores of the species are approximately 8.5 to 14.0 µm long and 4.5 to 6.5 µm wide. The septa of these spores are around 3.0 to 5.5 µm thick, accounting for nearly 0.4 of the total ascospore length. The conidia of Caloplaca austrocitrina are small, typically measuring between 2.0 to 4.0 µm in length and 1.0 to 1.5 µm in width, contributing to the distinctive microscopic features of this lichen species.
Flavoplaca austrocitrina, initially described from specimens collected in Ukraine, has an ecology in the Buenos Aires region of Argentina that is quite similar to its European counterparts. Predominantly, this lichen is found growing on cement mortar and concrete within urban and village settings. Cement mortar – a hardened mixture of cement, sand, and water – serves as a common substrate for this species, distinguishing it from other types of mortars like lime mortar. Flavoplaca austrocitrina often establishes itself in proximity to aquatic environments, including rivers, lakes, and coastal areas.
Flavoplaca austrocitrina has been identified in various European countries, including Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, the Czech Republic, Romania, Russia, and Slovakia. The discovery of this species in South America, coupled with its established presence in Europe, suggests a potential for a wider global distribution. The Argentine specimens have nearly identical internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences to their European counterparts, despite the geographical distance. This low variation in the ITS locus is noteworthy within the genus, especially considering the separation between the South American and European populations. Flavoplaca austrocitrina has been identified as one of several saxicolous lichens responsible for the biofouling of crypts of historical and architectural interest at La Plata Cemetery in Argentina. | [
{
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"title": ""
},
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"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
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"text": "Caloplaca austrocitrina is characterized by a thallus that predominantly shows a yellow hue, though in some cases it can appear orange. The thallus is either areolate or composed of closely packed squamules. These squamules or areoles are typically thick, ranging from 80 to 380 µm, and they have a width that varies between 0.25 and 1.7 mm. The squamules themselves are flat and smooth, with marginal soralia of the flavocitrina type. In older thalli, the soralia may expand to cover the entire surface.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The soredia of Caloplaca austrocitrina are sized approximately 22 to 61 µm in diameter and can cluster into consoredia. The cortex or alveolate (honeybombed) cortex of the lichen is well-developed, with a thickness spanning from 6 to 40 µm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "About half of the specimens of this species bear apothecia, which are about 0.32 to 0.65 mm in diameter. The disc of the mature apothecia can range from flat to convex. The exciple, which surrounds the apothecia, measures between 50 and 130 µm in thickness and has a zeorine structure. In younger apothecia, the thalline exciple tends to be concealed beneath the true margin, while in older specimens, it is well-developed and persists. The hymenium of Caloplaca austrocitrina has a thickness of 60 to 80 µm. The tips of the paraphyses are widened, measuring between 3.0 and 6.0 µm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The ascospores of the species are approximately 8.5 to 14.0 µm long and 4.5 to 6.5 µm wide. The septa of these spores are around 3.0 to 5.5 µm thick, accounting for nearly 0.4 of the total ascospore length. The conidia of Caloplaca austrocitrina are small, typically measuring between 2.0 to 4.0 µm in length and 1.0 to 1.5 µm in width, contributing to the distinctive microscopic features of this lichen species.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Flavoplaca austrocitrina, initially described from specimens collected in Ukraine, has an ecology in the Buenos Aires region of Argentina that is quite similar to its European counterparts. Predominantly, this lichen is found growing on cement mortar and concrete within urban and village settings. Cement mortar – a hardened mixture of cement, sand, and water – serves as a common substrate for this species, distinguishing it from other types of mortars like lime mortar. Flavoplaca austrocitrina often establishes itself in proximity to aquatic environments, including rivers, lakes, and coastal areas.",
"title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Flavoplaca austrocitrina has been identified in various European countries, including Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, the Czech Republic, Romania, Russia, and Slovakia. The discovery of this species in South America, coupled with its established presence in Europe, suggests a potential for a wider global distribution. The Argentine specimens have nearly identical internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences to their European counterparts, despite the geographical distance. This low variation in the ITS locus is noteworthy within the genus, especially considering the separation between the South American and European populations. Flavoplaca austrocitrina has been identified as one of several saxicolous lichens responsible for the biofouling of crypts of historical and architectural interest at La Plata Cemetery in Argentina.",
"title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology"
}
] | Flavoplaca austrocitrina is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Europe, and has also been recorded in South America. | 2023-12-22T18:28:28Z | 2023-12-23T11:08:07Z | [
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75,625,208 | Mayme | Mayme is a female given name.
People with the name include:
10 KB (832 words) - 19:33, 13 December 2022
Template:Female given name | [
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] | Mayme is a female given name. People with the name include: Mayme Watts, American songwriter and R&B singer
Mayme Agnew Clayton (1923–2006), librarian and leader of the Western States Black Research
Mayme Ousley (1887–1970), mayor of St. James, Missouri
Mayme Kelso (1867–1946), American actress of the silent era
Mayme Gehrue, American actress and dancer 10 KB - 19:33, 13 December 2022 Mayme Kratz is a fine artist and desert forager
Mayme Gerhard (1876–1955), photographer
Mayme Logsdon (1881–1967), American mathematician
Mayme Hatcher Johnson, wife of gangster Bumpy Johnson
Mayme, an orphan girl who works in a store in the film, The Saturday Night Kid
Mayme Cox, neé Harding Template:Female given name | 2023-12-22T18:33:32Z | 2023-12-23T04:17:44Z | [
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75,625,211 | Erioderma borbonicum | Erioderma borbonicum is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It is endemic to Réunion, an island in the Indian Ocean. The lichen forms a dense, cushion-like thallus with a diameter of 3 to 4 cm, with flat, slightly overlapping lobes with a grey-brown upper surface and cream-coloured underside.
The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Per Magnus Jørgensen and Pieter P.G. van den Boom. The type specimen was collected from the northwest side of Forêt de Bébour [fr], specifically along the trail leading from Gîte de Bélouve. The collection site was about 3.5 km (2.2 mi) southwest towards Caverne Mussard, at an elevation of 1,980 m (6,500 ft) above sea level.
Erioderma borbonicum forms a dense, cushion-like structure, typically spanning 3 to 4 cm in diameter. It has flat lobes that are slightly overlapping, each measuring up to 3 mm in width with wavy edges. Some of these lobes tend to curl upwards, especially when dry, revealing the cream-coloured underside of the lichen. The upper surface has a grey-brown colour and is covered in clusters of simple, soft, and colourless hairs.
When examined in a cross-section, Erioderma borbonicum is about 200 to 250 µm thick. It has a well-structured upper cortex (the outer layer of the lichen) that is about 60 µm thick. The inner layer, known as the medulla, is densely packed with vertical chains of Scytonema, a type of cyanobacteria, with individual cells roughly 10 µm in diameter. This lichen lacks a lower cortex.
The reproductive structures, or apothecia, are located along the edges or just inside the margins. These are short-stalked, brownish-black in colour with a paler, sometimes downy, edge (exciple), and measure between 1 to 2 mm in diameter. The supporting structure beneath the spore-producing layer (hymenium), called the subhymenium, is brown and consists of densely interwoven hyphae measuring 60 to 80 µm wide. The hymenium itself is 100 to 120 µm high and colourless, although it turns darkly pigmented at the top. When stained with iodine, it consistently shows a blue reaction.
The asci, or spore-producing cells, are cylindrical with internal amyloid structures at the tip and contain eight spores each. The spores are colourless, nearly spherical, and measure 9 to 12 by 8 to 9 µm. Additionally, marginal pycnidia (conidia-producing structures) are present, appearing as brownish-black, wart-like formations up to 200 µm in diameter. These pycnidia produce rod-shaped conidia, measuring 2 to 4 by 1 to 1.5 µm.
Chemically, Erioderma borbonicum is Pd+ (orange). This chemical spot test indicates the presence of argopsin as the major chemical component, along with a smaller amount of norargopsin. There are no traces of eriodermanons detected through thin-layer chromatography in this species.
The habitat and distribution of this species are quite specific and limited. It has only been observed once, growing on a Philippia shrub in an relatively sunlight-exposed area. This observation suggests that the species is more tolerant to light compared to E. gloriosum. The lichen was found in a community with several lichen species, including E. sorediatum, Hypotrachyna sinuosa, Megalospora tuberculosa, Normandina pulchella, and species from the genera Anzia, Coccocarpia, Fissurina, Lecidella, Leiorreuma, Menegazzia, Micarea, and Sticta. | [
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"title": "Taxonomy"
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"text": "Erioderma borbonicum forms a dense, cushion-like structure, typically spanning 3 to 4 cm in diameter. It has flat lobes that are slightly overlapping, each measuring up to 3 mm in width with wavy edges. Some of these lobes tend to curl upwards, especially when dry, revealing the cream-coloured underside of the lichen. The upper surface has a grey-brown colour and is covered in clusters of simple, soft, and colourless hairs.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
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"text": "When examined in a cross-section, Erioderma borbonicum is about 200 to 250 µm thick. It has a well-structured upper cortex (the outer layer of the lichen) that is about 60 µm thick. The inner layer, known as the medulla, is densely packed with vertical chains of Scytonema, a type of cyanobacteria, with individual cells roughly 10 µm in diameter. This lichen lacks a lower cortex.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The reproductive structures, or apothecia, are located along the edges or just inside the margins. These are short-stalked, brownish-black in colour with a paler, sometimes downy, edge (exciple), and measure between 1 to 2 mm in diameter. The supporting structure beneath the spore-producing layer (hymenium), called the subhymenium, is brown and consists of densely interwoven hyphae measuring 60 to 80 µm wide. The hymenium itself is 100 to 120 µm high and colourless, although it turns darkly pigmented at the top. When stained with iodine, it consistently shows a blue reaction.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The asci, or spore-producing cells, are cylindrical with internal amyloid structures at the tip and contain eight spores each. The spores are colourless, nearly spherical, and measure 9 to 12 by 8 to 9 µm. Additionally, marginal pycnidia (conidia-producing structures) are present, appearing as brownish-black, wart-like formations up to 200 µm in diameter. These pycnidia produce rod-shaped conidia, measuring 2 to 4 by 1 to 1.5 µm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Chemically, Erioderma borbonicum is Pd+ (orange). This chemical spot test indicates the presence of argopsin as the major chemical component, along with a smaller amount of norargopsin. There are no traces of eriodermanons detected through thin-layer chromatography in this species.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The habitat and distribution of this species are quite specific and limited. It has only been observed once, growing on a Philippia shrub in an relatively sunlight-exposed area. This observation suggests that the species is more tolerant to light compared to E. gloriosum. The lichen was found in a community with several lichen species, including E. sorediatum, Hypotrachyna sinuosa, Megalospora tuberculosa, Normandina pulchella, and species from the genera Anzia, Coccocarpia, Fissurina, Lecidella, Leiorreuma, Menegazzia, Micarea, and Sticta.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution"
}
] | Erioderma borbonicum is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It is endemic to Réunion, an island in the Indian Ocean. The lichen forms a dense, cushion-like thallus with a diameter of 3 to 4 cm, with flat, slightly overlapping lobes with a grey-brown upper surface and cream-coloured underside. | 2023-12-22T18:33:58Z | 2023-12-23T11:08:00Z | [
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75,625,248 | Canal 5 (Honduras) | Canal 5 is a Honduran terrestrial television channel, owned by the Ferrari family and operated by the Televicentro Corporation. Its first official broadcast was on September 15, 1959.
Channel 5's programming consists mainly of telenovelas, entertainment programs, both national and foreign production, game shows and newscasts. On weekends it broadcasts unitary series, comedies, movies and special events.
The channel, as well as the others that are part of the corporation, owns the broadcasting rights to the FIFA World Cup, matches of the Honduran senior soccer team and the broadcast of matches from the National Professional Soccer League of Honduras.
In June 1958, Honduran businessman Fernando Lardizabal García studied the possibility of a television service for Honduras. In a visit to Mexico City, he and his son-in-law Miguel Brooks sat at the lobby of a hotel, watching Mexican television. Miguel told Fernando that television would be a "lucrative business" that should be brought to Honduras. Upon their return to Honduras, the businessmen carried out the procedures at the Directorate General of Telecommunications of Honduras with the aim of acquiring the license required to install the transmitter and, subsequently, begin its operations.
On January 26, 1959, Compañía Televisora Hondureña S.A. (HRTG-TV Canal 5) was founded with mixed capital work 180 thousand lempiras. 55% of the shares were held by Fernando Lardizábal and Miguel Brooks, 30% by the American ABC television network, and 15% by Rene Sempé and Raúl Zelaya. The first test broadcasts were held on September 15 of the same year, to 25 monochrome television sets in Tegucigalpa and the signal came from the Cantagallo hill - behind Santa Lucía - covering 96.56 km. The first president of the channel was Fernando Lardizábal, the manager Miguel Brooks, the head of operations Antonio Lardizábal, and the sales promoter and head of programming was the Mexican Mario Reconco. The launch date was selected as it coincided with the 130th anniversary of the country's independence, where the significance of the date could never be forgotten, according to the founders.
All of the equipment used for the station was acquired at RCA, who signed the purchase and sale with the local distributor Francisco J. Yones, local representative Eng. Guaragna, and for the television station, Lic. Fernando Lardizábal father and Miguel Brooks son.
The first live program was Las Letras Pagan ("The Letters Pay") sponsored by El Indio coffee and produced by Luis Valentine, it was hosted by Nahúm Valladares. The content offer slowly increased, led by entertainers such as Mario López Urquía, Omar de Jesús García, Pedro René Gonzáles and later Rafael Zavala.
Its first news program emerged at the end of 1959, whose presenter was Gustavo Acosta Mejía and was sponsored by the national airline SAHSA, but was quickly replaced. The rest of the programming was a package of Spanish-dubbed American television series that ABC supplied under an agreement with the stations it set up, and whose dubbing was made in Puerto Rico or Mexico. Among the series aired in the monochrome period of the channel included The Rifleman with Chuck Connors, Naked City, Bat Masterson, Mannix, Bonanza, Lassie, Highway Patrol, The Invaders, Daktari and other features such as The Three Stooges' theatrical shorts, cartoons and the series Peyton Place. These imported programs were kinescoped. Due to the lack of assistance from other sources, the channel's initial decade was heavily influenced by American imports.
The second news program, Telerápidas, was directed by Vicente Machado Valle Jr., and aired from 1961 to 1966. Its content came from video footage from the AP news agency, the three American networks and the UPI. Initially it was weekly before becoming daily. Additionally, there was Telediario, with a more political output, at noon, which ended in 1963 due to the coup against the president in October that year. With the political shift, Telerápidas became its replacement. In 1960, mobile units were added, easing the need to broadcast live local sporting events. That same year it broadcast President Ramón Villeda Morales' new year speech. ABC left the company in 1963, and José Rafael Ferrari acquired the shares of the Lardizábal family and Brooks. Ferrari was the owner of Honduras's most important radio network at the time, HRN. In December 1964, the station received its first satellite signals; first from the Vatican, and then the moon landing in 1969.
Between 1963 and 1970, Canal 5 started increasing the amount of national programming on offer. Among them was Ante la Prensa (Facing the Press), whose goal was to boost support for Oswaldo López Arellano and legitimize his position. Later, El consultorio del aire, a viewer phone-in program, premiered, where viewers asked questions related to legal issues, health or work. From radio came Vista, a weekly newsmagazine.
In 1965, the company became the property of Rafael Ferrari and his partner Manuel Villeda Toledo, who in 1966 moved to their current location on Suyapa Boulevard, which is now used by Televicentro.
The channel's first telenovela was also the first program to be shown in color, Muñeca from Mexico, thanks to an agreement with Televisa that had just started. The channel had previously tested color broadcasts in 1966.
Facing the political crisis of the mid-1980s, Rafael Ferrari signed Canal 5 up for a Salvadorean-backed commercial television group, ATELCAP.
In 1987, the channel became a part of Corporación Televicentro, becoming its main channel.
In 1990, Canal 5 premiered new national content, the sports program Cinco Deportivo and the game show X-0 Da Dinero. Both were presented by Salvador Nasralla, which became the country's "Mr. Television". In order to gain a morning slot, the channel premiered La Mujer Ahora, presented by Delia Mejía.
With the fall of the Callejas administration, the channel premiered its current newscast, Telenoticias (TN5) in 1994. Even after the effects of Hurricane Mitch, the television industry developed further. The three channels premiered a combined morning newscast, TVC, in 2000, which was subsequently renamed to TN5 Matutino in 2010, from then on, it was limited to Canal 5. The creation of a morning newscast facilitated the creation of Frente a Frente, a political debate. Also in the early 2000s, the channel signed an agreement with Telemundo, on top of the existing telenovelas from Televisa. This consolidated its position as the channel with "the best telenovelas of the Americas".
The group avoided talking about the 2009 Honduran coup d'état, in a period marked by increasing social and media polarization. Later on in the year, Televicentro legitimized the coup and its channels strengthened their credibility relations with the viewers.
From 2012, the channel started broadcasting 24/7, filling the overnight schedule with movies and repeats of national productions. | [
{
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"title": ""
},
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"text": "Channel 5's programming consists mainly of telenovelas, entertainment programs, both national and foreign production, game shows and newscasts. On weekends it broadcasts unitary series, comedies, movies and special events.",
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},
{
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"text": "The channel, as well as the others that are part of the corporation, owns the broadcasting rights to the FIFA World Cup, matches of the Honduran senior soccer team and the broadcast of matches from the National Professional Soccer League of Honduras.",
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},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In June 1958, Honduran businessman Fernando Lardizabal García studied the possibility of a television service for Honduras. In a visit to Mexico City, he and his son-in-law Miguel Brooks sat at the lobby of a hotel, watching Mexican television. Miguel told Fernando that television would be a \"lucrative business\" that should be brought to Honduras. Upon their return to Honduras, the businessmen carried out the procedures at the Directorate General of Telecommunications of Honduras with the aim of acquiring the license required to install the transmitter and, subsequently, begin its operations.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On January 26, 1959, Compañía Televisora Hondureña S.A. (HRTG-TV Canal 5) was founded with mixed capital work 180 thousand lempiras. 55% of the shares were held by Fernando Lardizábal and Miguel Brooks, 30% by the American ABC television network, and 15% by Rene Sempé and Raúl Zelaya. The first test broadcasts were held on September 15 of the same year, to 25 monochrome television sets in Tegucigalpa and the signal came from the Cantagallo hill - behind Santa Lucía - covering 96.56 km. The first president of the channel was Fernando Lardizábal, the manager Miguel Brooks, the head of operations Antonio Lardizábal, and the sales promoter and head of programming was the Mexican Mario Reconco. The launch date was selected as it coincided with the 130th anniversary of the country's independence, where the significance of the date could never be forgotten, according to the founders.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "All of the equipment used for the station was acquired at RCA, who signed the purchase and sale with the local distributor Francisco J. Yones, local representative Eng. Guaragna, and for the television station, Lic. Fernando Lardizábal father and Miguel Brooks son.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The first live program was Las Letras Pagan (\"The Letters Pay\") sponsored by El Indio coffee and produced by Luis Valentine, it was hosted by Nahúm Valladares. The content offer slowly increased, led by entertainers such as Mario López Urquía, Omar de Jesús García, Pedro René Gonzáles and later Rafael Zavala.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Its first news program emerged at the end of 1959, whose presenter was Gustavo Acosta Mejía and was sponsored by the national airline SAHSA, but was quickly replaced. The rest of the programming was a package of Spanish-dubbed American television series that ABC supplied under an agreement with the stations it set up, and whose dubbing was made in Puerto Rico or Mexico. Among the series aired in the monochrome period of the channel included The Rifleman with Chuck Connors, Naked City, Bat Masterson, Mannix, Bonanza, Lassie, Highway Patrol, The Invaders, Daktari and other features such as The Three Stooges' theatrical shorts, cartoons and the series Peyton Place. These imported programs were kinescoped. Due to the lack of assistance from other sources, the channel's initial decade was heavily influenced by American imports.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The second news program, Telerápidas, was directed by Vicente Machado Valle Jr., and aired from 1961 to 1966. Its content came from video footage from the AP news agency, the three American networks and the UPI. Initially it was weekly before becoming daily. Additionally, there was Telediario, with a more political output, at noon, which ended in 1963 due to the coup against the president in October that year. With the political shift, Telerápidas became its replacement. In 1960, mobile units were added, easing the need to broadcast live local sporting events. That same year it broadcast President Ramón Villeda Morales' new year speech. ABC left the company in 1963, and José Rafael Ferrari acquired the shares of the Lardizábal family and Brooks. Ferrari was the owner of Honduras's most important radio network at the time, HRN. In December 1964, the station received its first satellite signals; first from the Vatican, and then the moon landing in 1969.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Between 1963 and 1970, Canal 5 started increasing the amount of national programming on offer. Among them was Ante la Prensa (Facing the Press), whose goal was to boost support for Oswaldo López Arellano and legitimize his position. Later, El consultorio del aire, a viewer phone-in program, premiered, where viewers asked questions related to legal issues, health or work. From radio came Vista, a weekly newsmagazine.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In 1965, the company became the property of Rafael Ferrari and his partner Manuel Villeda Toledo, who in 1966 moved to their current location on Suyapa Boulevard, which is now used by Televicentro.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The channel's first telenovela was also the first program to be shown in color, Muñeca from Mexico, thanks to an agreement with Televisa that had just started. The channel had previously tested color broadcasts in 1966.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Facing the political crisis of the mid-1980s, Rafael Ferrari signed Canal 5 up for a Salvadorean-backed commercial television group, ATELCAP.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In 1987, the channel became a part of Corporación Televicentro, becoming its main channel.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "In 1990, Canal 5 premiered new national content, the sports program Cinco Deportivo and the game show X-0 Da Dinero. Both were presented by Salvador Nasralla, which became the country's \"Mr. Television\". In order to gain a morning slot, the channel premiered La Mujer Ahora, presented by Delia Mejía.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "With the fall of the Callejas administration, the channel premiered its current newscast, Telenoticias (TN5) in 1994. Even after the effects of Hurricane Mitch, the television industry developed further. The three channels premiered a combined morning newscast, TVC, in 2000, which was subsequently renamed to TN5 Matutino in 2010, from then on, it was limited to Canal 5. The creation of a morning newscast facilitated the creation of Frente a Frente, a political debate. Also in the early 2000s, the channel signed an agreement with Telemundo, on top of the existing telenovelas from Televisa. This consolidated its position as the channel with \"the best telenovelas of the Americas\".",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "The group avoided talking about the 2009 Honduran coup d'état, in a period marked by increasing social and media polarization. Later on in the year, Televicentro legitimized the coup and its channels strengthened their credibility relations with the viewers.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "From 2012, the channel started broadcasting 24/7, filling the overnight schedule with movies and repeats of national productions.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Canal 5 is a Honduran terrestrial television channel, owned by the Ferrari family and operated by the Televicentro Corporation. Its first official broadcast was on September 15, 1959. Channel 5's programming consists mainly of telenovelas, entertainment programs, both national and foreign production, game shows and newscasts. On weekends it broadcasts unitary series, comedies, movies and special events. The channel, as well as the others that are part of the corporation, owns the broadcasting rights to the FIFA World Cup, matches of the Honduran senior soccer team and the broadcast of matches from the National Professional Soccer League of Honduras. | 2023-12-22T18:38:36Z | 2023-12-28T01:07:55Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_5_(Honduras) |
75,625,250 | Enterographa aldabrensis | Enterographa aldabrensis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is only known to occur in Aldabra in the Seychelles.
Enterographa aldabrensis was formally described as a new species by the Dutch lichenologist Laurens Benjamin Sparrius. The species is characterised by its ascospores that contain three septa and absence of norstictic acid, distinguishing it from closely related species such as Enterographa subserialis and E. elixii.
The lichen has a thallus up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter, smooth to areolate, white to cream-coloured, and water-repellent, measuring 50–100 μm thick. It contains Trentepohlia ( a genus of green algae) as its photobiont partner. The prothallus is very thin, grey or absent. The upper algae-free medulla is about 10 μm thick, consisting of densely interwoven hyphae. The medulla is cream-coloured with abundant oxalate crystals measuring 10–20 μm in diameter.
Ascomata are punctiform or slightly comma-shaped, perithecioid, measuring 0.05 by 0.05–0.10 mm, with a disc that is dark brown to black and epruinose. The thalline margin is approximately 0.1 mm wide and forms linear, frequently branched pseudostromata, which may become mixed with neighbouring pseudostromata. The excipulum is 5–10 μm wide, hyaline (translucent) in section but often brown near the epithecium. The hypothecium is hyaline, 10–30 μm tall, and the hymenium is hyaline, 80–100 μm tall.
The epithecium is 10–12 μm tall, orange-brown, with crystals of about 0.5 μm in diameter, and reacts K+ (green). Asci are cylindrical, 60–80 by 12–20 µm, and have eight spores. Ascospores are ellipsoid, somewhat constricted around the middle, measuring 13–18 by 4.0–5.5 μm, 3-septate, with a perispore less than 2.0 μm thick. Conidiomata appear as dark brown dots along the thallus margin, and conidia are rod-shaped, measuring 0.7 by 2.0–2.5 μm.
The thallus of Enterographa aldabrensis reacts C–, K+ (yellowish), P+ (yellow), UV+ (cream-coloured) to standard chemical spot tests. Thin-layer chromatography reveals the presence of psoromic acid. The epithecium and excipulum show an amyloid reaction, I+ and KI+ (dark blue), while the hymenium, asci, and hypothecium react I+ (red) and KI+ (dark blue).
This species is known only from the type locality in Aldabra, Seychelles. It grows on the bark of coastal trees and shrubs.
Enterographa aldabrensis is recognised by its thin, pale thallus with black punctiform, immersed ascomata arranged in lines. It is morphologically and chemically similar to E. subserialis but differs in having 3-septate ascospores and a K+ (green) epithecium. It lacks trace amounts of norstictic acid found in the hypothecium of similar species. This species is differentiated from E. compunctula, which also has 3-septate ascospores, by its chemical composition and the shape of its pseudostromata. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Enterographa aldabrensis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is only known to occur in Aldabra in the Seychelles.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Enterographa aldabrensis was formally described as a new species by the Dutch lichenologist Laurens Benjamin Sparrius. The species is characterised by its ascospores that contain three septa and absence of norstictic acid, distinguishing it from closely related species such as Enterographa subserialis and E. elixii.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The lichen has a thallus up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter, smooth to areolate, white to cream-coloured, and water-repellent, measuring 50–100 μm thick. It contains Trentepohlia ( a genus of green algae) as its photobiont partner. The prothallus is very thin, grey or absent. The upper algae-free medulla is about 10 μm thick, consisting of densely interwoven hyphae. The medulla is cream-coloured with abundant oxalate crystals measuring 10–20 μm in diameter.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Ascomata are punctiform or slightly comma-shaped, perithecioid, measuring 0.05 by 0.05–0.10 mm, with a disc that is dark brown to black and epruinose. The thalline margin is approximately 0.1 mm wide and forms linear, frequently branched pseudostromata, which may become mixed with neighbouring pseudostromata. The excipulum is 5–10 μm wide, hyaline (translucent) in section but often brown near the epithecium. The hypothecium is hyaline, 10–30 μm tall, and the hymenium is hyaline, 80–100 μm tall.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The epithecium is 10–12 μm tall, orange-brown, with crystals of about 0.5 μm in diameter, and reacts K+ (green). Asci are cylindrical, 60–80 by 12–20 µm, and have eight spores. Ascospores are ellipsoid, somewhat constricted around the middle, measuring 13–18 by 4.0–5.5 μm, 3-septate, with a perispore less than 2.0 μm thick. Conidiomata appear as dark brown dots along the thallus margin, and conidia are rod-shaped, measuring 0.7 by 2.0–2.5 μm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The thallus of Enterographa aldabrensis reacts C–, K+ (yellowish), P+ (yellow), UV+ (cream-coloured) to standard chemical spot tests. Thin-layer chromatography reveals the presence of psoromic acid. The epithecium and excipulum show an amyloid reaction, I+ and KI+ (dark blue), while the hymenium, asci, and hypothecium react I+ (red) and KI+ (dark blue).",
"title": "Chemistry"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "This species is known only from the type locality in Aldabra, Seychelles. It grows on the bark of coastal trees and shrubs.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Enterographa aldabrensis is recognised by its thin, pale thallus with black punctiform, immersed ascomata arranged in lines. It is morphologically and chemically similar to E. subserialis but differs in having 3-septate ascospores and a K+ (green) epithecium. It lacks trace amounts of norstictic acid found in the hypothecium of similar species. This species is differentiated from E. compunctula, which also has 3-septate ascospores, by its chemical composition and the shape of its pseudostromata.",
"title": "Similar species"
}
] | Enterographa aldabrensis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is only known to occur in Aldabra in the Seychelles. | 2023-12-22T18:38:41Z | 2023-12-22T18:38:41Z | [
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75,625,274 | 1998 Isle of Man TT | The 1998 Isle of Man TT was the 92nd edition of the event. Due to the high amount of rainy days, the Sidecar Race A was cancelled. It was only the second time a race was cancelled in the history of the event. The TT Formula One was also postponed by a day.
Ian Simpson was the only rider to win muptiple races, taking the opening and closing races, the Formula One TT and the Senior TT. It was Simpson's last participation at the TT as leg injuries prevented him from competing in 1999, before forcing him into early retirement in early 2001.
Three competitors died during the event, Mike Casey, Ian Hardisty and John Henderson. A fourth rider, 66-year old Jack Trustham, died of a heart attack during a parade lap commemorating Honda's achievements on the island. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1998 Isle of Man TT was the 92nd edition of the event. Due to the high amount of rainy days, the Sidecar Race A was cancelled. It was only the second time a race was cancelled in the history of the event. The TT Formula One was also postponed by a day.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ian Simpson was the only rider to win muptiple races, taking the opening and closing races, the Formula One TT and the Senior TT. It was Simpson's last participation at the TT as leg injuries prevented him from competing in 1999, before forcing him into early retirement in early 2001.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Three competitors died during the event, Mike Casey, Ian Hardisty and John Henderson. A fourth rider, 66-year old Jack Trustham, died of a heart attack during a parade lap commemorating Honda's achievements on the island.",
"title": ""
}
] | The 1998 Isle of Man TT was the 92nd edition of the event. Due to the high amount of rainy days, the Sidecar Race A was cancelled. It was only the second time a race was cancelled in the history of the event. The TT Formula One was also postponed by a day. Ian Simpson was the only rider to win muptiple races, taking the opening and closing races, the Formula One TT and the Senior TT. It was Simpson's last participation at the TT as leg injuries prevented him from competing in 1999, before forcing him into early retirement in early 2001. Three competitors died during the event, Mike Casey, Ian Hardisty and John Henderson. A fourth rider, 66-year old Jack Trustham, died of a heart attack during a parade lap commemorating Honda's achievements on the island. | 2023-12-22T18:42:16Z | 2023-12-26T18:40:36Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Isle_of_Man_TT |
75,625,281 | Pannaria complanata | Pannaria complanata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), squamulose (scaley) to foliose (leafy) lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2001 by the Norwegian lichenologist Per Magnus Jørgensen. The type specimen was collected from the Doddabetta peak in the Nilgiri Mountains at an altitude of about 3,000 m (9,800 ft). The lichen makes circular patches typically up to about 5 cm (2 in) in diameter, comprising brownish, flat lobes measuring up to 2 mm wide. The photobiont partner is a member of the cyanobacterial genus Nostoc. The PD+ (orange) chemical spot test reaction indicates the presence of pannarin, a lichen product. The geographic range of the lichen includes India, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia. In India it is found only in the Western Ghats, having been recorded from Kerala and Tamil Nadu. In this country Pannaria complanata often associates with moss genus Hyophila. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pannaria complanata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), squamulose (scaley) to foliose (leafy) lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2001 by the Norwegian lichenologist Per Magnus Jørgensen. The type specimen was collected from the Doddabetta peak in the Nilgiri Mountains at an altitude of about 3,000 m (9,800 ft). The lichen makes circular patches typically up to about 5 cm (2 in) in diameter, comprising brownish, flat lobes measuring up to 2 mm wide. The photobiont partner is a member of the cyanobacterial genus Nostoc. The PD+ (orange) chemical spot test reaction indicates the presence of pannarin, a lichen product. The geographic range of the lichen includes India, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia. In India it is found only in the Western Ghats, having been recorded from Kerala and Tamil Nadu. In this country Pannaria complanata often associates with moss genus Hyophila.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Pannaria complanata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), squamulose (scaley) to foliose (leafy) lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2001 by the Norwegian lichenologist Per Magnus Jørgensen. The type specimen was collected from the Doddabetta peak in the Nilgiri Mountains at an altitude of about 3,000 m (9,800 ft). The lichen makes circular patches typically up to about 5 cm (2 in) in diameter, comprising brownish, flat lobes measuring up to 2 mm wide. The photobiont partner is a member of the cyanobacterial genus Nostoc. The PD+ (orange) chemical spot test reaction indicates the presence of pannarin, a lichen product. The geographic range of the lichen includes India, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia. In India it is found only in the Western Ghats, having been recorded from Kerala and Tamil Nadu. In this country Pannaria complanata often associates with moss genus Hyophila. | 2023-12-22T18:42:53Z | 2023-12-23T12:11:34Z | [
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75,625,298 | Solomon Islands earthquakes | Solomon Islands earthquakes may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Solomon Islands earthquakes may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Solomon Islands earthquakes may refer to: 1971 Solomon Islands earthquakes
2016 Solomon Islands earthquakes | 2023-12-22T18:45:08Z | 2023-12-22T18:45:08Z | [
"Template:Disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_Islands_earthquakes |
75,625,325 | Fellhanera ivoriensis | Fellhanera ivoriensis is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen. First described in 2001, this species is distinguished from its relatives in the Fellhanera by its soredia-covered thallus and the characteristics of its apothecia (fruiting bodies). It is native to the Ivory Coast in West Africa.
The lichen was formally described in 2001 by the lichenologists Robert Lücking and Rolf Santesson. The type specimen of Fellhanera ivoriensis was collected in the Ivory Coast, specifically in the Adiopodoume region, 17 km (11 mi) west of Abidjan at the IDERT Institute within a rainforest ecosystem.
The thallus of Fellhanera ivoriensis is foliicolous, presenting as a continuous, smooth to very minutely farinose surface (as if covered with a white, mealy powder). It has pale greenish to brownish grey colouration with scattered to confluent soralia. Initially, these soralia are rounded, measuring 0.1–0.3 mm in diameter, but later become irregularly confluent and very pale yellowish-green. The soredia are approximately 15–20 μm in diameter, consisting of algal cells about 3–4 μm in diameter and a paraplectenchymatous hyphal cortex that is 1–3 μm thick. The photobiont is a green algal species of Chlorococcaceae, with cells measuring 4–7 μm in diameter.
The apothecia (fruiting bodies) of Fellhanera ivoriensis are sessile with a constricted base, rounded, and measure 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter. The disc is flat to slightly convex, ranging in colour from brown to greyish brown, sometimes with an orange tinge, and has a non-prominent, chamois-coloured margin. The excipulum is paraplectenchymatous, 20–35 μm thick, and colourless, while the hypothecium in darker apothecia is dark brown to blackish brown, measuring 15–20 μm in height. The hymenium is 40–50 μm high and colourless. Paraphyses are 1 μm thick, branching, and anastomosing. Asci (spore-bearing cells) are clavate, 35–45 by 8–10 μm, with eight ascospores per ascus. These ascospores are oblong to ellipsoid, contain three septate, are colourless, and measure 14–18 by 3–4 μm.
Pycnidia in Fellhanera ivoriensis are wart- to barrel-shaped, 0.1–0.15 mm in diameter, and chamois-coloured with a wide ostiole. The conidia are narrowly ellipsoid to bacillar, non-septate, colourless, and measure 5–6 by 1.0–1.2 μm.
Fellhanera ivoriensis is part of the genus Fellhanera that includes species with sorediate thalli. It is distinguished from F. viridi by its darker apothecia with a dark brown hypothecium and the paler thallus and soralia. Fellhanera ivoriensis is similar to F. rhapidophylli but can be identified by its ellipsoid bacillar conidia. Other species with similar dark apothecia, such as F. lambinonii, F. seroexspectata, and F. muhlei, differ in either their apothecial discs or thallus and soralia characteristics. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fellhanera ivoriensis is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen. First described in 2001, this species is distinguished from its relatives in the Fellhanera by its soredia-covered thallus and the characteristics of its apothecia (fruiting bodies). It is native to the Ivory Coast in West Africa.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The lichen was formally described in 2001 by the lichenologists Robert Lücking and Rolf Santesson. The type specimen of Fellhanera ivoriensis was collected in the Ivory Coast, specifically in the Adiopodoume region, 17 km (11 mi) west of Abidjan at the IDERT Institute within a rainforest ecosystem.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The thallus of Fellhanera ivoriensis is foliicolous, presenting as a continuous, smooth to very minutely farinose surface (as if covered with a white, mealy powder). It has pale greenish to brownish grey colouration with scattered to confluent soralia. Initially, these soralia are rounded, measuring 0.1–0.3 mm in diameter, but later become irregularly confluent and very pale yellowish-green. The soredia are approximately 15–20 μm in diameter, consisting of algal cells about 3–4 μm in diameter and a paraplectenchymatous hyphal cortex that is 1–3 μm thick. The photobiont is a green algal species of Chlorococcaceae, with cells measuring 4–7 μm in diameter.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The apothecia (fruiting bodies) of Fellhanera ivoriensis are sessile with a constricted base, rounded, and measure 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter. The disc is flat to slightly convex, ranging in colour from brown to greyish brown, sometimes with an orange tinge, and has a non-prominent, chamois-coloured margin. The excipulum is paraplectenchymatous, 20–35 μm thick, and colourless, while the hypothecium in darker apothecia is dark brown to blackish brown, measuring 15–20 μm in height. The hymenium is 40–50 μm high and colourless. Paraphyses are 1 μm thick, branching, and anastomosing. Asci (spore-bearing cells) are clavate, 35–45 by 8–10 μm, with eight ascospores per ascus. These ascospores are oblong to ellipsoid, contain three septate, are colourless, and measure 14–18 by 3–4 μm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Pycnidia in Fellhanera ivoriensis are wart- to barrel-shaped, 0.1–0.15 mm in diameter, and chamois-coloured with a wide ostiole. The conidia are narrowly ellipsoid to bacillar, non-septate, colourless, and measure 5–6 by 1.0–1.2 μm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Fellhanera ivoriensis is part of the genus Fellhanera that includes species with sorediate thalli. It is distinguished from F. viridi by its darker apothecia with a dark brown hypothecium and the paler thallus and soralia. Fellhanera ivoriensis is similar to F. rhapidophylli but can be identified by its ellipsoid bacillar conidia. Other species with similar dark apothecia, such as F. lambinonii, F. seroexspectata, and F. muhlei, differ in either their apothecial discs or thallus and soralia characteristics.",
"title": "Similar species"
}
] | Fellhanera ivoriensis is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling) lichen. First described in 2001, this species is distinguished from its relatives in the Fellhanera by its soredia-covered thallus and the characteristics of its apothecia. It is native to the Ivory Coast in West Africa. | 2023-12-22T18:49:47Z | 2023-12-22T18:49:47Z | [
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75,625,356 | Leone Viale | Leone Viale (Ventimiglia, 24 August 1851 – Genoa, 2 February 1918) was an Italian admiral and politician. He was Minister of the Navy of the Kingdom of Italy in the first and second Salandra governments at the time when Italy entered the First World War.
Leone Viale was the son of Agostino Viale and Adelaide Leone. After the death of his father, his entire family left the town of his birth. He entered the Italian Naval Academy in Genoa on 1 December 1866, and graduated as an ensign on 26 February 1871. After a period of service on transport ships he was assigned to the paddleship corvette Governolo, which left Naples to carry out a naval campaign and scientific expedition to Borneo, Malaysia, the Philippines, China and Japan. It returned to La Spezia on 28 October 1874.
Promoted to sub-lieutenant in 1875 and lieutenant in June 1883, Viale was assigned to a number of roles relating to underwater weapons, serving at the San Bartolomeo torpedo works in La Spezia in 1879 and at the Artillery and Torpedo Directorate in 1883. He was sent to Newcastle to supervise the work on the weapons systems of the torpedo cruiser Giovanni Bausan.
He took part in the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889 and was then appointed orderly to the Duke of Genoa from 1 April 1886 to 1 November 1890, and was also promoted to frigate captain. Promoted to corvette captain on 1 August 1891, he was assigned as second officer of the cruisers Stromboli and Vesuvio, then of the cruiser Savoia. After a period on the ironclad Castelfidardo, he was placed in command of torpedo boat 135S and made squadron leader, a post he held until September 1897.
Twice deputy chief of staff on the Sicilia and Lepanto, Viale was later given command of the Umbria, with which he undertook a tour of Central and South America from 1901-3 during which he was promoted to ship captain. The voyage aimed to represent Italian interests in the region, visiting Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Peru. Viale's role was particularly important in Callao where the Umbria’s crew distinguished itself by putting out the fire of the English transport Bakunin, loaded with oil drums.
From November 1903 to August 1904 Viale was commander of the battleship Regina Margherita. He was then appointed chief of staff of the first maritime department of La Spezia (1904), and then first aide-de-camp to the Duke of Genoa. In February 1906, promoted to rear admiral, he was appointed senior commander of the Royal Crew Corps (1906-07).
For the next few years he continued to discharge both administrative and operational roles. He was general director of the Military and Scientific Service at the Ministry of the Navy (March 1907-October 1908, January 1910-January 1911) and commander-in-chief of the 1st Maritime Department and of the naval division of La Spezia (March-September 1911). During this period he also commanded the battleship Regina Elena (November 1908-October 1909), providing aid to the people affected by the 1908 Messina earthquake, for which he obtained a gold medal.
Promoted to vice admiral on 16 February 1911, he was appointed president of the Superior Council of the Navy (October 1911-March 1912). Soon after the outbreak of the Libyan war he was appointed commander-in-chief of the 2nd squadron, with the Regina Margherita as his flagship, and the following April he was made commander-in-chief of the naval forces, moving his flag the battleship Vittorio Emanuele. On 3 June 1912 he was designated Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Naval Forces, and he directed the landing operations and occupation of the Dodecanese Islands (26 April–13 May 1912). He also pushed the government to force the Dardanelles, an operation which was actually carried out on 18 July 1912 by five torpedo boats led by Enrico Millo.
On 1 November 1913, after the war ended, he returned to command of the Maritime Department of La Spezia, where he remained in service until 7 May 1914, then once again presiding over the Superior Council of the Navy.
Viale became a senator in December 1913, qualifying after having served as admiral for more than five years.
On 14 August 1914 Viale was appointed Minister of the Navy in the Salandra cabinet, a position he held until 24 September 1915. While Italy was still neutral, Viale participated in the negotiations for the Anglo-French-Italian naval convention, covering cooperation in naval operations in the Adriatic and the Mediterranean. On the eve of the war, Navy Chief of Staff Vice Admiral Paolo Thaon di Revel wanted to begin operations before the declaration of war, but he was prevented by Viale and Salandra.
As minister Viale continued the construction of the large Francesco Caracciolo-class battleships, but he also planned to dedicate more resources to destroyers and submarines, in line with the wishes of Thaon di Revel. He did not however purchase Argentina’s two Rivadavia-class battleships, recently completed in the United States, as Thaon Di Revel suggested.
Italy’s mobilisation in the summer of 1915 was hampered by lack of preparation on almost every front. Not only did the navy lack ships and equipment, but logistics and supplies were insufficient. The government relied on the Red Cross to provide hospitals for wounded seamen, but Viale realised that they did not have enough beds to treat those returning from action. In Apulia he therefore ordered the requisitioning of school and church buildings in Lecce, together with beds, linen and furniture to make up the shortfall. When it became clear that there were not enough doctors to staff these establishments, he advertised for unskilled volunteers to take on the work.
When Italy entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente the navy performed very poorly in the first few months. Italy lacked the forces and equipment to go on the offensive and launch a major attack on Austria-Hungary across the Adriatic, despite efforts by Britain and France to push Italy into joining Montenegro in an attack on Cattaro. Viale and Thaon di Revel generally agreed on the need for Italy to conserve its forces, avoid unnecessary risks, and concentrate on defending coastal towns from Austrian bombardment. This caution was only reinforced by the losses of the cruiser Amalfi and the submarine Medusa to enemy submarines.
Amid this uncertainty and lack of capacity, outright disorder prevailed at the highest levels. Navy Chief of Staff Thaon di Revel, based in Rome, issued orders contradicting those of the fleet commander in chief the Duke of Abruzzi. In Viale’s view Thaon di Revel was exceeding his powers, and he wrote to Salandra proposing that they be reduced. The disputes between the two men made the effective working of the navy impossible and eventually Viale decided to resign, citing his poor health and need for surgery.
He returned to active service returning to his former role as commander of the Maritime Department of La Spezia (16 December 1915-30 June 1916), after which he was placed in the reserve because of his age. On 6 September 1916, when he left active service, King Vittorio Emanuele III awarded him the title of count. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Leone Viale (Ventimiglia, 24 August 1851 – Genoa, 2 February 1918) was an Italian admiral and politician. He was Minister of the Navy of the Kingdom of Italy in the first and second Salandra governments at the time when Italy entered the First World War.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Leone Viale was the son of Agostino Viale and Adelaide Leone. After the death of his father, his entire family left the town of his birth. He entered the Italian Naval Academy in Genoa on 1 December 1866, and graduated as an ensign on 26 February 1871. After a period of service on transport ships he was assigned to the paddleship corvette Governolo, which left Naples to carry out a naval campaign and scientific expedition to Borneo, Malaysia, the Philippines, China and Japan. It returned to La Spezia on 28 October 1874.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Promoted to sub-lieutenant in 1875 and lieutenant in June 1883, Viale was assigned to a number of roles relating to underwater weapons, serving at the San Bartolomeo torpedo works in La Spezia in 1879 and at the Artillery and Torpedo Directorate in 1883. He was sent to Newcastle to supervise the work on the weapons systems of the torpedo cruiser Giovanni Bausan.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He took part in the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889 and was then appointed orderly to the Duke of Genoa from 1 April 1886 to 1 November 1890, and was also promoted to frigate captain. Promoted to corvette captain on 1 August 1891, he was assigned as second officer of the cruisers Stromboli and Vesuvio, then of the cruiser Savoia. After a period on the ironclad Castelfidardo, he was placed in command of torpedo boat 135S and made squadron leader, a post he held until September 1897.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Twice deputy chief of staff on the Sicilia and Lepanto, Viale was later given command of the Umbria, with which he undertook a tour of Central and South America from 1901-3 during which he was promoted to ship captain. The voyage aimed to represent Italian interests in the region, visiting Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Peru. Viale's role was particularly important in Callao where the Umbria’s crew distinguished itself by putting out the fire of the English transport Bakunin, loaded with oil drums.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "From November 1903 to August 1904 Viale was commander of the battleship Regina Margherita. He was then appointed chief of staff of the first maritime department of La Spezia (1904), and then first aide-de-camp to the Duke of Genoa. In February 1906, promoted to rear admiral, he was appointed senior commander of the Royal Crew Corps (1906-07).",
"title": "Later naval career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "For the next few years he continued to discharge both administrative and operational roles. He was general director of the Military and Scientific Service at the Ministry of the Navy (March 1907-October 1908, January 1910-January 1911) and commander-in-chief of the 1st Maritime Department and of the naval division of La Spezia (March-September 1911). During this period he also commanded the battleship Regina Elena (November 1908-October 1909), providing aid to the people affected by the 1908 Messina earthquake, for which he obtained a gold medal.",
"title": "Later naval career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Promoted to vice admiral on 16 February 1911, he was appointed president of the Superior Council of the Navy (October 1911-March 1912). Soon after the outbreak of the Libyan war he was appointed commander-in-chief of the 2nd squadron, with the Regina Margherita as his flagship, and the following April he was made commander-in-chief of the naval forces, moving his flag the battleship Vittorio Emanuele. On 3 June 1912 he was designated Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Naval Forces, and he directed the landing operations and occupation of the Dodecanese Islands (26 April–13 May 1912). He also pushed the government to force the Dardanelles, an operation which was actually carried out on 18 July 1912 by five torpedo boats led by Enrico Millo.",
"title": "Later naval career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "On 1 November 1913, after the war ended, he returned to command of the Maritime Department of La Spezia, where he remained in service until 7 May 1914, then once again presiding over the Superior Council of the Navy.",
"title": "Later naval career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Viale became a senator in December 1913, qualifying after having served as admiral for more than five years.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "On 14 August 1914 Viale was appointed Minister of the Navy in the Salandra cabinet, a position he held until 24 September 1915. While Italy was still neutral, Viale participated in the negotiations for the Anglo-French-Italian naval convention, covering cooperation in naval operations in the Adriatic and the Mediterranean. On the eve of the war, Navy Chief of Staff Vice Admiral Paolo Thaon di Revel wanted to begin operations before the declaration of war, but he was prevented by Viale and Salandra.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "As minister Viale continued the construction of the large Francesco Caracciolo-class battleships, but he also planned to dedicate more resources to destroyers and submarines, in line with the wishes of Thaon di Revel. He did not however purchase Argentina’s two Rivadavia-class battleships, recently completed in the United States, as Thaon Di Revel suggested.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Italy’s mobilisation in the summer of 1915 was hampered by lack of preparation on almost every front. Not only did the navy lack ships and equipment, but logistics and supplies were insufficient. The government relied on the Red Cross to provide hospitals for wounded seamen, but Viale realised that they did not have enough beds to treat those returning from action. In Apulia he therefore ordered the requisitioning of school and church buildings in Lecce, together with beds, linen and furniture to make up the shortfall. When it became clear that there were not enough doctors to staff these establishments, he advertised for unskilled volunteers to take on the work.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "When Italy entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente the navy performed very poorly in the first few months. Italy lacked the forces and equipment to go on the offensive and launch a major attack on Austria-Hungary across the Adriatic, despite efforts by Britain and France to push Italy into joining Montenegro in an attack on Cattaro. Viale and Thaon di Revel generally agreed on the need for Italy to conserve its forces, avoid unnecessary risks, and concentrate on defending coastal towns from Austrian bombardment. This caution was only reinforced by the losses of the cruiser Amalfi and the submarine Medusa to enemy submarines.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Amid this uncertainty and lack of capacity, outright disorder prevailed at the highest levels. Navy Chief of Staff Thaon di Revel, based in Rome, issued orders contradicting those of the fleet commander in chief the Duke of Abruzzi. In Viale’s view Thaon di Revel was exceeding his powers, and he wrote to Salandra proposing that they be reduced. The disputes between the two men made the effective working of the navy impossible and eventually Viale decided to resign, citing his poor health and need for surgery.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "He returned to active service returning to his former role as commander of the Maritime Department of La Spezia (16 December 1915-30 June 1916), after which he was placed in the reserve because of his age. On 6 September 1916, when he left active service, King Vittorio Emanuele III awarded him the title of count.",
"title": "Political career"
}
] | Leone Viale was an Italian admiral and politician. He was Minister of the Navy of the Kingdom of Italy in the first and second Salandra governments at the time when Italy entered the First World War. | 2023-12-22T18:54:11Z | 2023-12-26T15:36:48Z | [
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leone_Viale |
75,625,360 | Fellhanera gyrophorica | Fellhanera gyrophorica is a corticolous species in the family Pilocarpaceae. Previously noted in several publications as an unidentified Fellhanera species, it was formally named and described due to its unique characteristics and lack of ascomata (fruiting bodies).
The species was scientifically described in 2001 by the lichenologists Emmanuël Sérusiaux, Brian John Coppins, Paul Diederich, and Christoph Scheidegger. Fellhanera gyrophorica was initially recorded as an unidentified species in several works before its formal description in 2001. It belongs to the genus Fellhanera, known for its obpyriform conidia (i.e., shaped like an inverted pear), similar to many species in the F. subternella group. However, the production of gyrophoric acid in its pycnidial walls is an unusual trait for the group. The pycnidia of Fellhanera gyrophorica are notable for being sessile or shortly stalked, a characteristic not commonly found in the Pilocarpaceae.
The thallus of Fellhanera gyrophorica is corticolous, often forming large, noticeable patches or streaks along bark fissures. Its colour ranges from pale yellowish-green to green with a bluish tinge. The thallus consists of goniocysts that are finely farinose (like a whitish mealy powder) or scurfy granular, and it can be thin or thick and granular-warted when well-developed. The margin of the thallus is not well defined, lacking a prothallus. The photobiont is likely a Chlorococcaceae species, with green, spherical cells.
Pycnidia are a prominent feature, always present, and can be sessile or slightly stalked. They are pinkish to pale orange-brown, with a slightly pruinose outer wall. They typically react C+ (red) due to the production of gyrophoric acid. Conidia are typically obpyriform in shape.
Fellhanera gyrophorica resembles Micarea pycnidiophora, which also produces C+ (red) pycnidia due to gyrophoric acid. However, Micarea pycnidiophora has longer, bacilliform conidia and a more oceanic distribution. Other European corticolous species with conspicuous pycnidia but without ascomata may also resemble Fellhanera gyrophorica, but none of these species produce gyrophoric acid in their pycnidia.
This species is primarily found in Central Europe, with occurrences in Austria, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Poland, Switzerland, and Ukraine. It is typically found in well-preserved, shady, and humid broad-leaved forests at low elevations. Fellhanera gyrophorica grows on various deciduous and coniferous trees and is often associated with lichens such as Anisomeridium polypori, Graphis scripta, and Micarea prasina. Its habitats indicate a high ecological continuity, often featuring rich epiphytic lichen floras. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fellhanera gyrophorica is a corticolous species in the family Pilocarpaceae. Previously noted in several publications as an unidentified Fellhanera species, it was formally named and described due to its unique characteristics and lack of ascomata (fruiting bodies).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The species was scientifically described in 2001 by the lichenologists Emmanuël Sérusiaux, Brian John Coppins, Paul Diederich, and Christoph Scheidegger. Fellhanera gyrophorica was initially recorded as an unidentified species in several works before its formal description in 2001. It belongs to the genus Fellhanera, known for its obpyriform conidia (i.e., shaped like an inverted pear), similar to many species in the F. subternella group. However, the production of gyrophoric acid in its pycnidial walls is an unusual trait for the group. The pycnidia of Fellhanera gyrophorica are notable for being sessile or shortly stalked, a characteristic not commonly found in the Pilocarpaceae.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The thallus of Fellhanera gyrophorica is corticolous, often forming large, noticeable patches or streaks along bark fissures. Its colour ranges from pale yellowish-green to green with a bluish tinge. The thallus consists of goniocysts that are finely farinose (like a whitish mealy powder) or scurfy granular, and it can be thin or thick and granular-warted when well-developed. The margin of the thallus is not well defined, lacking a prothallus. The photobiont is likely a Chlorococcaceae species, with green, spherical cells.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Pycnidia are a prominent feature, always present, and can be sessile or slightly stalked. They are pinkish to pale orange-brown, with a slightly pruinose outer wall. They typically react C+ (red) due to the production of gyrophoric acid. Conidia are typically obpyriform in shape.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Fellhanera gyrophorica resembles Micarea pycnidiophora, which also produces C+ (red) pycnidia due to gyrophoric acid. However, Micarea pycnidiophora has longer, bacilliform conidia and a more oceanic distribution. Other European corticolous species with conspicuous pycnidia but without ascomata may also resemble Fellhanera gyrophorica, but none of these species produce gyrophoric acid in their pycnidia.",
"title": "Similar species"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "This species is primarily found in Central Europe, with occurrences in Austria, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Poland, Switzerland, and Ukraine. It is typically found in well-preserved, shady, and humid broad-leaved forests at low elevations. Fellhanera gyrophorica grows on various deciduous and coniferous trees and is often associated with lichens such as Anisomeridium polypori, Graphis scripta, and Micarea prasina. Its habitats indicate a high ecological continuity, often featuring rich epiphytic lichen floras.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution"
}
] | Fellhanera gyrophorica is a corticolous species in the family Pilocarpaceae. Previously noted in several publications as an unidentified Fellhanera species, it was formally named and described due to its unique characteristics and lack of ascomata. | 2023-12-22T18:54:52Z | 2023-12-23T12:11:31Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fellhanera_gyrophorica |
75,625,387 | B. J. Oropeza | B. J. Oropeza is a biblical scholar and theologian who is best known for his studies in Pauline literature, intertextuality, apostasy and perseverance, and theology on superheroes. He earned his Ph.D. in New Testament Theology at Durham University (England) under the supervision of Drs. James D. G. Dunn and Loren T. Stuckenbruck. He is Professor of Biblical and Religious Studies at Azusa Pacific University and Seminary in Azusa, California.
Oropeza earned his bachelor's degree in biblical studies from Northern California Bible College, Pleasanton, California (1989), a master's degree in apologetics at Simon Greenleaf School of Law (now Trinity Law School) (1991), and a second master's degree in theology from Fuller Theological Seminary in Pasadena, California (1993) before completing his Ph.D. at Durham University (1998). He worked for the Christian Research Institute (then in Irvine, California), a cult and new religious movement organization, as a Research Associate and assistant for the Christian Research Journal. After completing his Ph.D., Oropeza taught at George Fox University (Newberg, Oregon) as Visiting assistant professor of Religious Studies before his professorial position at Azusa Pacific University starting in 2003. He has been a scholar in residence at the University of Tübingen (Germany), Princeton Theological Seminary, and does supervising for students working on their Ph.D., currently through St. Andrews University, Scotland/Trinity College (Bristol, England).
Oropeza started the Intertextuality in the New Testament section of the Society of Biblical Literature (SBL), co-chaired the Scripture and Paul seminar, and was on the editorial board of the Rhetoric of Religious Antiquity series (SBL Press). He belongs to the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas (SNTS) and has contributed to Bible translations for the New Revised Standard Edition (NRSVue), the Common English Bible (CEB), and the Lexham English Septuagint (LES). He is also a columnist for the blog “In Christ” at Patheos.com. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "B. J. Oropeza is a biblical scholar and theologian who is best known for his studies in Pauline literature, intertextuality, apostasy and perseverance, and theology on superheroes. He earned his Ph.D. in New Testament Theology at Durham University (England) under the supervision of Drs. James D. G. Dunn and Loren T. Stuckenbruck. He is Professor of Biblical and Religious Studies at Azusa Pacific University and Seminary in Azusa, California.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Oropeza earned his bachelor's degree in biblical studies from Northern California Bible College, Pleasanton, California (1989), a master's degree in apologetics at Simon Greenleaf School of Law (now Trinity Law School) (1991), and a second master's degree in theology from Fuller Theological Seminary in Pasadena, California (1993) before completing his Ph.D. at Durham University (1998). He worked for the Christian Research Institute (then in Irvine, California), a cult and new religious movement organization, as a Research Associate and assistant for the Christian Research Journal. After completing his Ph.D., Oropeza taught at George Fox University (Newberg, Oregon) as Visiting assistant professor of Religious Studies before his professorial position at Azusa Pacific University starting in 2003. He has been a scholar in residence at the University of Tübingen (Germany), Princeton Theological Seminary, and does supervising for students working on their Ph.D., currently through St. Andrews University, Scotland/Trinity College (Bristol, England).",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Oropeza started the Intertextuality in the New Testament section of the Society of Biblical Literature (SBL), co-chaired the Scripture and Paul seminar, and was on the editorial board of the Rhetoric of Religious Antiquity series (SBL Press). He belongs to the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas (SNTS) and has contributed to Bible translations for the New Revised Standard Edition (NRSVue), the Common English Bible (CEB), and the Lexham English Septuagint (LES). He is also a columnist for the blog “In Christ” at Patheos.com.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | B. J. Oropeza is a biblical scholar and theologian who is best known for his studies in Pauline literature, intertextuality, apostasy and perseverance, and theology on superheroes. He earned his Ph.D. in New Testament Theology at Durham University (England) under the supervision of Drs. James D. G. Dunn and Loren T. Stuckenbruck. He is Professor of Biblical and Religious Studies at Azusa Pacific University and Seminary in Azusa, California. | 2023-12-22T18:59:18Z | 2023-12-31T20:35:50Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._J._Oropeza |
75,625,401 | 2022 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Women's tournament | The 2022 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Men's tournament is the second edition of this continental championship. The event was held in Miami, United States. It was contested by 13 teams.
Canada won their first title with a win against Brazil with the final score being 15–11.
Miami was given the hosting rights for the second successive time.
All National Federations in the Americas region were invited to register a team for the 2022 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup.
Preliminary round
Qualifying draw
The top two qualifies for the next round.
All times are local.
Eliminated in the qualifying draw
These players were given the awards after the competition: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2022 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Men's tournament is the second edition of this continental championship. The event was held in Miami, United States. It was contested by 13 teams.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Canada won their first title with a win against Brazil with the final score being 15–11.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Miami was given the hosting rights for the second successive time.",
"title": "Host selection"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "All National Federations in the Americas region were invited to register a team for the 2022 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup.",
"title": "Participating teams"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Preliminary round",
"title": "Participating teams"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Qualifying draw",
"title": "Participating teams"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The top two qualifies for the next round.",
"title": "Qualifying draw"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "All times are local.",
"title": "Knockout stage"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Eliminated in the qualifying draw",
"title": "Final standings"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "These players were given the awards after the competition:",
"title": "Awards"
}
] | The 2022 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Men's tournament is the second edition of this continental championship. The event was held in Miami, United States. It was contested by 13 teams. Canada won their first title with a win against Brazil with the final score being 15–11. | 2023-12-22T19:01:02Z | 2023-12-30T15:37:47Z | [
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75,625,403 | Sunday Night Slow Jams | Sunday Night Slow Jams is an American weekly syndicated radio program dedicated to slow jams music. Created on 24 July 1994, it is directed and presented by creator R Dub!, and broadcast on more than 200 radio stations in 17 countries as of May 2023.
Sunday Night Slow Jams is broadcast weekly on Sundays, from 8 p.m. to 12 a.m. on most stations. Listeners can send in "Oral Expressions" expressing their love for someone.
Randy Williams, presenter of Sunday Night Slow Jams, was hired for his first professional job in radio when he was 16; he was hired to work for KXCI in Tucson, Arizona after having previously enrolled in a disc jockey (DJ) class there. He presented a slow jam show called Nyte Flyte once a week. His second job was at KFFN, then-branded as Power 1490, where, on 24 July 1994, he would premiere the first edition of Sunday Night Slow Jams—at this point called Sunday Nite Slow James. He also renamed himself R Dub!, a stylised shortening of his initials, R.W.
After Power 1490 changed formats to an alternative rock station, Williams got a job at WKGN in Knoxville, Tennessee, which he described as the "worst six months of [his] life", citing loneliness, unkind coworkers and inadequate pay. Once his lease expired, he was employed at the bilingual KOHT back in Tucson. After six months at KOHT, the station was purchased by Art Laboe, but because of Laboe's unpopular changes, Williams, supported by much of the KOHT staff, launched KSJM (branded Power 97.5) as a competitor to KOHT. Within some nine months, Power 97.5 had surpassed KOHT in ratings. Despite this, Power 97.5 was bought out within a year, and Williams signed on with Tucson's KRQQ; Sunday Night Slow Jams also followed.
In 1999, Tim Richards, then-operations manager of KRQQ, called Williams "one of the best night disc jockeys in the country right now". In 2001, Clear Channel Entertainment, owner of KRQQ, purchased KOHT, and Williams was rehired as program director and afternoon host alongside presenter for Sunday Night Slow Jams. In 2002, Sunday Night Slow Jams was syndicated in Nogales, Arizona and Tulsa, Oklahoma. That same year, Williams founded Fusion Radio Networks as Sunday Night Slow Jams added several new affiliates over the next few years. By 2005, Sunday Night Slow Jams was syndicated in Hawaii, Mexico and England.
In 2013, Williams appeared on Shark Tank alongside R&B singer Brian McKnight—who performed a serenade—unsuccessfully seeking a US$75,000 investment in exchange for a ten percent equity stake in Sunday Night Slow James. As of May 2023, Sunday Night Slow Jams was broadcast on more than 200 radio stations in 17 countries.
Launched in February 1999, Sunday Night Slow Jams Live is a spinoff of the radio show. It is a live concert featuring various R&B artists. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sunday Night Slow Jams is an American weekly syndicated radio program dedicated to slow jams music. Created on 24 July 1994, it is directed and presented by creator R Dub!, and broadcast on more than 200 radio stations in 17 countries as of May 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Sunday Night Slow Jams is broadcast weekly on Sundays, from 8 p.m. to 12 a.m. on most stations. Listeners can send in \"Oral Expressions\" expressing their love for someone.",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Randy Williams, presenter of Sunday Night Slow Jams, was hired for his first professional job in radio when he was 16; he was hired to work for KXCI in Tucson, Arizona after having previously enrolled in a disc jockey (DJ) class there. He presented a slow jam show called Nyte Flyte once a week. His second job was at KFFN, then-branded as Power 1490, where, on 24 July 1994, he would premiere the first edition of Sunday Night Slow Jams—at this point called Sunday Nite Slow James. He also renamed himself R Dub!, a stylised shortening of his initials, R.W.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After Power 1490 changed formats to an alternative rock station, Williams got a job at WKGN in Knoxville, Tennessee, which he described as the \"worst six months of [his] life\", citing loneliness, unkind coworkers and inadequate pay. Once his lease expired, he was employed at the bilingual KOHT back in Tucson. After six months at KOHT, the station was purchased by Art Laboe, but because of Laboe's unpopular changes, Williams, supported by much of the KOHT staff, launched KSJM (branded Power 97.5) as a competitor to KOHT. Within some nine months, Power 97.5 had surpassed KOHT in ratings. Despite this, Power 97.5 was bought out within a year, and Williams signed on with Tucson's KRQQ; Sunday Night Slow Jams also followed.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1999, Tim Richards, then-operations manager of KRQQ, called Williams \"one of the best night disc jockeys in the country right now\". In 2001, Clear Channel Entertainment, owner of KRQQ, purchased KOHT, and Williams was rehired as program director and afternoon host alongside presenter for Sunday Night Slow Jams. In 2002, Sunday Night Slow Jams was syndicated in Nogales, Arizona and Tulsa, Oklahoma. That same year, Williams founded Fusion Radio Networks as Sunday Night Slow Jams added several new affiliates over the next few years. By 2005, Sunday Night Slow Jams was syndicated in Hawaii, Mexico and England.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 2013, Williams appeared on Shark Tank alongside R&B singer Brian McKnight—who performed a serenade—unsuccessfully seeking a US$75,000 investment in exchange for a ten percent equity stake in Sunday Night Slow James. As of May 2023, Sunday Night Slow Jams was broadcast on more than 200 radio stations in 17 countries.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Launched in February 1999, Sunday Night Slow Jams Live is a spinoff of the radio show. It is a live concert featuring various R&B artists.",
"title": "Sunday Night Slow Jams Live"
}
] | Sunday Night Slow Jams is an American weekly syndicated radio program dedicated to slow jams music. Created on 24 July 1994, it is directed and presented by creator R Dub!, and broadcast on more than 200 radio stations in 17 countries as of May 2023. | 2023-12-22T19:01:26Z | 2023-12-31T18:21:11Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox Radio show",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Official website"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunday_Night_Slow_Jams |
75,625,415 | Sakitama Hai | The Sakitama Hai (Japanese さきたま杯), is a Domestic Grade 2 horse race for thoroughbred horses aged four and over, run in May over a distance of 1,400 meters on dirt at Urawa Racecourse.
The race was first run in 1997 as a Domestic Grade 3 for thoroughbred horses aged three and over, until in 2005 when the age requirement was changed to horses aged four and over. In 2011, the race was promoted to Domestic Grade 2 status and has held it ever since.
Starting in 2024, the race will be promoted to Domestic Grade 1 status in order to promote growth in the dirt sprinting scene. The new age requirement will allow three year olds to enter the race again and the race will be moved to mid-june. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Sakitama Hai (Japanese さきたま杯), is a Domestic Grade 2 horse race for thoroughbred horses aged four and over, run in May over a distance of 1,400 meters on dirt at Urawa Racecourse.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The race was first run in 1997 as a Domestic Grade 3 for thoroughbred horses aged three and over, until in 2005 when the age requirement was changed to horses aged four and over. In 2011, the race was promoted to Domestic Grade 2 status and has held it ever since.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Starting in 2024, the race will be promoted to Domestic Grade 1 status in order to promote growth in the dirt sprinting scene. The new age requirement will allow three year olds to enter the race again and the race will be moved to mid-june.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Sakitama Hai, is a Domestic Grade 2 horse race for thoroughbred horses aged four and over, run in May over a distance of 1,400 meters on dirt at Urawa Racecourse. The race was first run in 1997 as a Domestic Grade 3 for thoroughbred horses aged three and over, until in 2005 when the age requirement was changed to horses aged four and over. In 2011, the race was promoted to Domestic Grade 2 status and has held it ever since. Starting in 2024, the race will be promoted to Domestic Grade 1 status in order to promote growth in the dirt sprinting scene. The new age requirement will allow three year olds to enter the race again and the race will be moved to mid-june. | 2023-12-22T19:03:25Z | 2023-12-23T11:15:54Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Japanese Grade II horse races",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox horseraces",
"Template:Netkeiba-raceresult"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakitama_Hai |
75,625,419 | Lakhachi Gosht | Lakhachi Gosht (transl. Rare Story) is a 1952 Indian Marathi-language comedy film directed and produced by Raja Paranjape, who also co-wrote the screenplay with G. D. Madgulkar. The film stars Raja Gosavi (debut), Sharad Talwalkar, Rekha Kamat, Chitra in the pivotal roles. The music is composed by Sudhir Phadke. Cinematography is done by Bal Bapat, and editing is handled by Raja Thakur. The film is a humorous comedy about two impoverished friends. When one of them develops feelings for a wealthy and attractive girl, her father offers the young guy a fortune, which he must spend in less than a month.
In addition to being a poet, Shyam writes songs that a wealthy girl named Rekha sings on the radio. Ramnath, his friend who paints, develops feelings for Rekha. Gokhale, Rekha's father, approves of their union and offers him a one-lakh rupee budget to be used within a month to test his capacity to live a lavish lifestyle.
The music album was composed by Sudhir Phadke and lyrics are written by G. D. Madgulkar.
On June 6, 1958, Lakhachi Gosht was screened at the CWD Staff Institute. Over 500 workers and their families saw the movie. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lakhachi Gosht (transl. Rare Story) is a 1952 Indian Marathi-language comedy film directed and produced by Raja Paranjape, who also co-wrote the screenplay with G. D. Madgulkar. The film stars Raja Gosavi (debut), Sharad Talwalkar, Rekha Kamat, Chitra in the pivotal roles. The music is composed by Sudhir Phadke. Cinematography is done by Bal Bapat, and editing is handled by Raja Thakur. The film is a humorous comedy about two impoverished friends. When one of them develops feelings for a wealthy and attractive girl, her father offers the young guy a fortune, which he must spend in less than a month.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In addition to being a poet, Shyam writes songs that a wealthy girl named Rekha sings on the radio. Ramnath, his friend who paints, develops feelings for Rekha. Gokhale, Rekha's father, approves of their union and offers him a one-lakh rupee budget to be used within a month to test his capacity to live a lavish lifestyle.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The music album was composed by Sudhir Phadke and lyrics are written by G. D. Madgulkar.",
"title": "Soundtrack"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On June 6, 1958, Lakhachi Gosht was screened at the CWD Staff Institute. Over 500 workers and their families saw the movie.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Lakhachi Gosht is a 1952 Indian Marathi-language comedy film directed and produced by Raja Paranjape, who also co-wrote the screenplay with G. D. Madgulkar. The film stars Raja Gosavi (debut), Sharad Talwalkar, Rekha Kamat, Chitra in the pivotal roles. The music is composed by Sudhir Phadke. Cinematography is done by Bal Bapat, and editing is handled by Raja Thakur. The film is a humorous comedy about two impoverished friends. When one of them develops feelings for a wealthy and attractive girl, her father offers the young guy a fortune, which he must spend in less than a month. | 2023-12-22T19:04:29Z | 2023-12-26T15:35:28Z | [
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"Template:IMDb title",
"Template:Infobox film",
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"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakhachi_Gosht |
75,625,422 | Spring Creek (Collin County, Texas) | Spring Creek is a stream in Collin and Dallas counties, in the United States.Spring Creek (pronounced: /sprɪŋ kriːk/) is a 16.5-mile-long tributary of Rowlett Creek located in southern Collin County, Texas. It plays a significant role in the region's geography, history, and ecology.
The creek rises in west Plano, flowing south-east passing under the Collin Creek Shopping Center, and major roads including President George Bush Turnpike, U.S. Route 75 before crossing into Dallas County in Garland, passing the Curtis Culwell Center before meeting the Rowlett Creek at State Highway 78.
Spring Creek originates 2.5 miles west of Allen, Texas, and flows south-Eastward through rolling terrain characterized by clay soils.Its course passes through the cities of Plano and Richardson, eventually emptying into Rowlett Creek, which discharges into the Trinity River north of Dallas.The creek historically supported a diverse riparian ecosystem, providing habitat for various native plants and wildlife, including catfish, sunfish, turtles, and frogs. However, urbanization and development have impacted its water quality and ecological health.
Spring Creek played a crucial role in the early settlement of Collin County. In 1857, the first schoolhouse in the county, named Spring Creek School, was established along its banks near present-day Plano.The surrounding area developed into several communities, including Spring Creek Colony (northwest of Plano) and Barksdale (northwest of Lebanon).The creek served as a source of water and sustenance for these communities, fostering agriculture and early economic activity.
Today, Spring Creek flows through an increasingly urbanized landscape, facing challenges from pollution, erosion, and habitat loss.However, efforts are underway to restore the creek and its surrounding natural areas.The City of Plano established the Spring Creek Nature Area in 2012 to preserve and restore a portion of the creek's riparian habitat.The Spring Creek Greenway project aims to create a continuous greenway along the creek's course, providing recreational opportunities and enhancing environmental quality.
Spring creek has four sections: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Spring Creek is a stream in Collin and Dallas counties, in the United States.Spring Creek (pronounced: /sprɪŋ kriːk/) is a 16.5-mile-long tributary of Rowlett Creek located in southern Collin County, Texas. It plays a significant role in the region's geography, history, and ecology.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The creek rises in west Plano, flowing south-east passing under the Collin Creek Shopping Center, and major roads including President George Bush Turnpike, U.S. Route 75 before crossing into Dallas County in Garland, passing the Curtis Culwell Center before meeting the Rowlett Creek at State Highway 78.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Spring Creek originates 2.5 miles west of Allen, Texas, and flows south-Eastward through rolling terrain characterized by clay soils.Its course passes through the cities of Plano and Richardson, eventually emptying into Rowlett Creek, which discharges into the Trinity River north of Dallas.The creek historically supported a diverse riparian ecosystem, providing habitat for various native plants and wildlife, including catfish, sunfish, turtles, and frogs. However, urbanization and development have impacted its water quality and ecological health.",
"title": "Geography and Hydrology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Spring Creek played a crucial role in the early settlement of Collin County. In 1857, the first schoolhouse in the county, named Spring Creek School, was established along its banks near present-day Plano.The surrounding area developed into several communities, including Spring Creek Colony (northwest of Plano) and Barksdale (northwest of Lebanon).The creek served as a source of water and sustenance for these communities, fostering agriculture and early economic activity.",
"title": "History and Cultural Significance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Today, Spring Creek flows through an increasingly urbanized landscape, facing challenges from pollution, erosion, and habitat loss.However, efforts are underway to restore the creek and its surrounding natural areas.The City of Plano established the Spring Creek Nature Area in 2012 to preserve and restore a portion of the creek's riparian habitat.The Spring Creek Greenway project aims to create a continuous greenway along the creek's course, providing recreational opportunities and enhancing environmental quality.",
"title": "Modern Usage and Environmental Concerns"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Spring creek has four sections:",
"title": "Modern Usage and Environmental Concerns"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Spring Creek is a stream in Collin and Dallas counties, in the United States.Spring Creek is a 16.5-mile-long tributary of Rowlett Creek located in southern Collin County, Texas. It plays a significant role in the region's geography, history, and ecology. The creek rises in west Plano, flowing south-east passing under the Collin Creek Shopping Center, and major roads including President George Bush Turnpike, U.S. Route 75 before crossing into Dallas County in Garland, passing the Curtis Culwell Center before meeting the Rowlett Creek at State Highway 78. | 2023-12-22T19:04:53Z | 2023-12-28T08:16:00Z | [
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"Template:Infobox river",
"Template:CollinCountyTX-geo-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_Creek_(Collin_County,_Texas) |
75,625,435 | Cladonia monomorpha | Cladonia monomorpha is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It is part of the Cladonia pyxidata group, known for brown apothecia on cup-shaped podetia.
Cladonia monomorpha was first described in 2001 by lichenologists André Aptroot, Harrie Sipman, and Kok van Herk, marking its addition to the diverse Cladonia pyxidata group. This group, which includes the Cladonia chlorophaea species complex, is characterized by brown apothecia on cup-shaped podetia and has been a focus of research due to its wide chemical and morphological variation.
The taxonomy of the Cladonia pyxidata group has been contentious, with divergent practices observed in various floras and checklists. Early treatments, such as those by Elbert Hennipman in 1969, recognized only a few members like Cladonia chlorophaea and C. fimbriata. Subsequent chemical and morphological studies, like those by Sipman in 1973, expanded the group to include several distinct species and varieties.
In more conservative views, particularly in local floras, a limited number of taxa within this group have been acknowledged. This approach was exemplified in the list of names in current use compiled by Teuvo Ahti in 1993. This list presents relevant species epithets at various taxonomic levels, reflecting the broad spectrum of taxonomic interpretations within the group.
Cladonia monomorpha itself was identified as a distinct taxon during renewed morphological studies focusing on non-sorediate species in the Cladonia pyxidata group. Initially, Dutch populations that were classified as C. pyxidata were later recognised to belong to a separate species, leading to the description of Cladonia monomorpha.
The naming of this species involved a review of historical taxonomic literature and herbarium specimens. several specimens that matched the characteristics of Cladonia monomorpha were filed under Cladonia neglecta, a name largely neglected in modern taxonomic works. Upon further examination, it was determined that the name Cladonia neglecta could not be applied to this species due to its original description and typification issues. Consequently, Cladonia monomorpha was described as a new species.
Cladonia monomorpha features a primary thallus composed of a mat of squamules that are never coalescent, typically measuring 3–10 mm in length and width. The squamules are relatively thick, upright, with narrow, recurved rims. Their upper surface is dark green to brown, while the lower surface ranges from white at the tips to brown or black at the base, lacking conspicuous veins.
The podetia of Cladonia monomorpha are scyphus-forming, around 1–3 cm high with scyphi measuring 4–8 mm wide. They are simple in form, gradually flaring, and covered with corticate, discoid, bullate plates on both the inside and outside. Older podetia may have squamules ending in a down-curved lobe. The apothecium discs are rare, dark brown, with a pale brown margin. They form on elongated proliferations of the scyphus margins, which can be up to 10 mm long and often branch. Pycnidia are common, spherical, and dark brown to black.
The species contains fumarprotocetraric acid, identified through thin-layer chromatography. The thallus tests negative for C, Pd, K, and KC spot tests, and does not show fluorescence when lit with a long-wavelength ultraviolet light.
Cladonia monomorpha is similar to C. pocillum and C. pyxidata but can be distinguished by its larger, bullate plates on the cups, distinctively recurved squamule margins, and the absence of soredia or granules on the podetia. The primary squamules are erect with narrowly recurved margins and are never coalescent. The species has dark green to brown thalli when fresh, with pale whitish bare parts on the scyphi, contrasting with the brownish hues of similar species. The apothecia, though rare, differ in their development compared to related species.
Cladonia monomorpha has been found predominantly in European countries, including Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. It has not been recorded from Great Britain. The species is commonly found in acidic inland sand dune areas, directly growing on sand. It is particularly abundant in areas like Kootwijkerzand and Caitwickerzand in the Netherlands, which have conservation programs for terrestrial lichen vegetation. It has also been recorded from the United States, Greenland, and Mongolia. The lichen was reported from Ardahan Province in north-east Turkey in 2011. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Cladonia monomorpha is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It is part of the Cladonia pyxidata group, known for brown apothecia on cup-shaped podetia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Cladonia monomorpha was first described in 2001 by lichenologists André Aptroot, Harrie Sipman, and Kok van Herk, marking its addition to the diverse Cladonia pyxidata group. This group, which includes the Cladonia chlorophaea species complex, is characterized by brown apothecia on cup-shaped podetia and has been a focus of research due to its wide chemical and morphological variation.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The taxonomy of the Cladonia pyxidata group has been contentious, with divergent practices observed in various floras and checklists. Early treatments, such as those by Elbert Hennipman in 1969, recognized only a few members like Cladonia chlorophaea and C. fimbriata. Subsequent chemical and morphological studies, like those by Sipman in 1973, expanded the group to include several distinct species and varieties.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In more conservative views, particularly in local floras, a limited number of taxa within this group have been acknowledged. This approach was exemplified in the list of names in current use compiled by Teuvo Ahti in 1993. This list presents relevant species epithets at various taxonomic levels, reflecting the broad spectrum of taxonomic interpretations within the group.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Cladonia monomorpha itself was identified as a distinct taxon during renewed morphological studies focusing on non-sorediate species in the Cladonia pyxidata group. Initially, Dutch populations that were classified as C. pyxidata were later recognised to belong to a separate species, leading to the description of Cladonia monomorpha.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The naming of this species involved a review of historical taxonomic literature and herbarium specimens. several specimens that matched the characteristics of Cladonia monomorpha were filed under Cladonia neglecta, a name largely neglected in modern taxonomic works. Upon further examination, it was determined that the name Cladonia neglecta could not be applied to this species due to its original description and typification issues. Consequently, Cladonia monomorpha was described as a new species.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Cladonia monomorpha features a primary thallus composed of a mat of squamules that are never coalescent, typically measuring 3–10 mm in length and width. The squamules are relatively thick, upright, with narrow, recurved rims. Their upper surface is dark green to brown, while the lower surface ranges from white at the tips to brown or black at the base, lacking conspicuous veins.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The podetia of Cladonia monomorpha are scyphus-forming, around 1–3 cm high with scyphi measuring 4–8 mm wide. They are simple in form, gradually flaring, and covered with corticate, discoid, bullate plates on both the inside and outside. Older podetia may have squamules ending in a down-curved lobe. The apothecium discs are rare, dark brown, with a pale brown margin. They form on elongated proliferations of the scyphus margins, which can be up to 10 mm long and often branch. Pycnidia are common, spherical, and dark brown to black.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The species contains fumarprotocetraric acid, identified through thin-layer chromatography. The thallus tests negative for C, Pd, K, and KC spot tests, and does not show fluorescence when lit with a long-wavelength ultraviolet light.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Cladonia monomorpha is similar to C. pocillum and C. pyxidata but can be distinguished by its larger, bullate plates on the cups, distinctively recurved squamule margins, and the absence of soredia or granules on the podetia. The primary squamules are erect with narrowly recurved margins and are never coalescent. The species has dark green to brown thalli when fresh, with pale whitish bare parts on the scyphi, contrasting with the brownish hues of similar species. The apothecia, though rare, differ in their development compared to related species.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Cladonia monomorpha has been found predominantly in European countries, including Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. It has not been recorded from Great Britain. The species is commonly found in acidic inland sand dune areas, directly growing on sand. It is particularly abundant in areas like Kootwijkerzand and Caitwickerzand in the Netherlands, which have conservation programs for terrestrial lichen vegetation. It has also been recorded from the United States, Greenland, and Mongolia. The lichen was reported from Ardahan Province in north-east Turkey in 2011.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution"
}
] | Cladonia monomorpha is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It is part of the Cladonia pyxidata group, known for brown apothecia on cup-shaped podetia. | 2023-12-22T19:07:09Z | 2023-12-25T14:54:01Z | [
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"Template:Lichengloss",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use British English"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladonia_monomorpha |
75,625,459 | Nathaniel William Peach | Nathaniel William Peach (14 September 1785 – 29 August 1835) was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle.
He unsuccessfully contested East Norfolk at the 1832 general election. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nathaniel William Peach (14 September 1785 – 29 August 1835) was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He unsuccessfully contested East Norfolk at the 1832 general election.",
"title": ""
}
] | Nathaniel William Peach was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle. He unsuccessfully contested East Norfolk at the 1832 general election. | 2023-12-22T19:12:57Z | 2023-12-23T20:55:31Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:England-Conservative-UK-MP-1780s-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_William_Peach |
75,625,466 | 2023 Ivy League women's soccer tournament | The 2023 Ivy League women's soccer tournament was the inaugural postseason women's soccer tournament for the Ivy League held from November 3 through November 5, 2023. The tournament was hosted by Stevenson Field in Providence, Rhode Island, home of the regular season champions, Brown. The four team-team single-elimination tournament consisted of two rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. Second seeded Harvard became the first team to win the championship by defeating Columbia 3–0 in the Final. The conference tournament title was the first for the Harvard women's soccer program, and the first for head coach Chris Hamblin. Harvard had previously won thirteen regular season women's soccer titles before the Ivy League Tournament was created. As tournament champions, Harvard earned the Ivy League's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament.
The top four teams in the regular season earned a spot in the tournament and teams were seeded by conference record.
Source:
MVP in bold | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Ivy League women's soccer tournament was the inaugural postseason women's soccer tournament for the Ivy League held from November 3 through November 5, 2023. The tournament was hosted by Stevenson Field in Providence, Rhode Island, home of the regular season champions, Brown. The four team-team single-elimination tournament consisted of two rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. Second seeded Harvard became the first team to win the championship by defeating Columbia 3–0 in the Final. The conference tournament title was the first for the Harvard women's soccer program, and the first for head coach Chris Hamblin. Harvard had previously won thirteen regular season women's soccer titles before the Ivy League Tournament was created. As tournament champions, Harvard earned the Ivy League's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The top four teams in the regular season earned a spot in the tournament and teams were seeded by conference record.",
"title": "Seeding"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Source:",
"title": "All-Tournament team"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "MVP in bold",
"title": "All-Tournament team"
}
] | The 2023 Ivy League women's soccer tournament was the inaugural postseason women's soccer tournament for the Ivy League held from November 3 through November 5, 2023. The tournament was hosted by Stevenson Field in Providence, Rhode Island, home of the regular season champions, Brown. The four team-team single-elimination tournament consisted of two rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. Second seeded Harvard became the first team to win the championship by defeating Columbia 3–0 in the Final. The conference tournament title was the first for the Harvard women's soccer program, and the first for head coach Chris Hamblin. Harvard had previously won thirteen regular season women's soccer titles before the Ivy League Tournament was created. As tournament champions, Harvard earned the Ivy League's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament. | 2023-12-22T19:14:16Z | 2023-12-22T19:50:03Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Ivy_League_women%27s_soccer_tournament |
75,625,495 | C. petraea | C. petraea may refer to one of the following species: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "C. petraea may refer to one of the following species:",
"title": ""
}
] | C. petraea may refer to one of the following species: Caradrina petraea, a moth species native to Eastern Europe
Carposina petraea, a moth species found in Australia
Coleophora petraea, a moth species found in Uzbekistan Cycas petraea, a cycad species | 2023-12-22T19:19:30Z | 2023-12-23T01:46:19Z | [
"Template:Italictitle",
"Template:Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._petraea |
75,625,496 | Asa Germann | Asa Germann is an American actor. He appears in the Amazon Prime Video superhero series Gen V, as Sam Riordan.
Germann started his career on stage at the Ruskin Theatre in Los Angeles in productions such as Suburbia, This is Our Youth, Orphans, and The Red Coat.
Germann appeared on screen in Dahmer - Monster: The Jeffrey Dahmer Story, and Caviar. He also appeared in the 2020 short film Two Little Boys directed by Farbod Khoshtinat.
In May 2022, he was cast in the Amazon Prime Video superhero series Gen V alongside Jaz Sinclair and London Thor. He plays Sam Riordan on the show. He undertook extensive stunt training for the physicality required for the role. During tbr production of the first series he broke his arm. His character suffers hallucinations which are shown in innovative ways such as puppetry. He will reprise the role in a second series.
Germann is the son of actors Christine Mourad and Greg Germann who has had main roles in shows such as Ally McBeal and Grey's Anatomy. | [
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"text": "Germann appeared on screen in Dahmer - Monster: The Jeffrey Dahmer Story, and Caviar. He also appeared in the 2020 short film Two Little Boys directed by Farbod Khoshtinat.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
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"text": "In May 2022, he was cast in the Amazon Prime Video superhero series Gen V alongside Jaz Sinclair and London Thor. He plays Sam Riordan on the show. He undertook extensive stunt training for the physicality required for the role. During tbr production of the first series he broke his arm. His character suffers hallucinations which are shown in innovative ways such as puppetry. He will reprise the role in a second series.",
"title": "Career"
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"text": "Germann is the son of actors Christine Mourad and Greg Germann who has had main roles in shows such as Ally McBeal and Grey's Anatomy.",
"title": "Personal life"
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] | Asa Germann is an American actor. He appears in the Amazon Prime Video superhero series Gen V, as Sam Riordan. | 2023-12-22T19:19:33Z | 2023-12-28T08:55:24Z | [
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75,625,517 | Flavoplaca limonia | Flavoplaca limonia is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1994 by lichenologists Pier Luigi Nimis and Josef Poelt. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Flavoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Initially thought to be a southern European species, it has since been shown to have a broader distribution, having been reported from Morocco, Denmark, and Sweden. It can be differentiated from the similar-looking species Flavoplaca citrina by having larger diaspores, which are blastidia rather than soredia, averaging 85±54 µm in size. | [
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"text": "Flavoplaca limonia is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1994 by lichenologists Pier Luigi Nimis and Josef Poelt. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Flavoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.",
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"text": "Initially thought to be a southern European species, it has since been shown to have a broader distribution, having been reported from Morocco, Denmark, and Sweden. It can be differentiated from the similar-looking species Flavoplaca citrina by having larger diaspores, which are blastidia rather than soredia, averaging 85±54 µm in size.",
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] | Flavoplaca limonia is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1994 by lichenologists Pier Luigi Nimis and Josef Poelt. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Flavoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae. Initially thought to be a southern European species, it has since been shown to have a broader distribution, having been reported from Morocco, Denmark, and Sweden. It can be differentiated from the similar-looking species Flavoplaca citrina by having larger diaspores, which are blastidia rather than soredia, averaging 85±54 µm in size. | 2023-12-22T19:24:08Z | 2023-12-22T19:24:08Z | [
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75,625,521 | Listed buildings in Nottingham (St Ann's ward) | St Ann's ward is an electoral ward in the city of Nottingham, England. The ward contains 45 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The ward is to the north and northeast of the city centre, and is partly commercial and partly residential, with some industrial heritage. The listed buildings include houses, offices, shops and associated structures, former lace factories, churches, public houses, schools, an allotment shed, a monument to a boxer, civic buildings, a clock tower, and a former bus garage. | [
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"text": "St Ann's ward is an electoral ward in the city of Nottingham, England. The ward contains 45 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to \"buildings of national importance and special interest\". The ward is to the north and northeast of the city centre, and is partly commercial and partly residential, with some industrial heritage. The listed buildings include houses, offices, shops and associated structures, former lace factories, churches, public houses, schools, an allotment shed, a monument to a boxer, civic buildings, a clock tower, and a former bus garage.",
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] | St Ann's ward is an electoral ward in the city of Nottingham, England. The ward contains 45 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The ward is to the north and northeast of the city centre, and is partly commercial and partly residential, with some industrial heritage. The listed buildings include houses, offices, shops and associated structures, former lace factories, churches, public houses, schools, an allotment shed, a monument to a boxer, civic buildings, a clock tower, and a former bus garage. | 2023-12-22T19:24:50Z | 2023-12-31T21:26:47Z | [
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75,625,533 | Sulaiman Abdullah | Sulaiman Iyer Abdullah (6 July 1946 – 18 December 2023) was a Malaysian lawyer who acted in a number of the country's most famous trials and served as president of the Malaysian Bar Council.
Born G Srinivasan Iyer on 6 July 1946, he was the younger brother of former Malaysia Airlines chairperson G. Rama Iyer and ex-Penang Free School headmaster G. Krishna Iyer. He studied at the SK Wellesley, SK Francis Light and the Penang Free School, all in Penang. He graduated with a law degree from the University of Singapore in 1969 and started his practice the same year.
After marrying Mehrun Siraj and converting to Islam, he took the name Sulaiman Abdullah. Their son Huzir Sulaiman was born in 1973. He later became a prominent playwright.
Sulaiman Abdullah obtained a master's degree in law from University of London in 1979 and a diploma in Syariah Law and Practice from the International Islamic University Malaysia in 1992.
Sulaiman Abdullah was a Universiti Malaya law lecturer and served as both Malaysian Bar secretary (1993-1995) and president (2000-2001).
Sulaiman Abdullah was one of the lead prosecutors against former Prime Minister Najib Abdul Razak in the SRC International case. He was also lawyer for prime minister Anwar Ibrahim in his corruption and sodomy trials, and Anwar called him a trusted friend beyond the courtroom. Apart from that, he also represented Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin who challenged the legitimacy of Zambry Abdul Kadir's appointment as Perak Mentri Besar in the Perak constitutional crisis case in 2009. Sulaiman also represented Federal and State Islamic agencies in a number of high-profile cases, including the Lina Joy conversion case, and the Catholic Church's challenge to the "Allah” ban.
In later cases, Sulaiman represented former Malaysian Ambassador to the United States Jamaludin Jarjis's widow, Kalsom Ismail in her family matrimonial asset or faraid dispute at the Syariah court. He also represented controversial Islamic preacher Zakir Naik in his defamation cases against DAP leaders M Kulasegaran and P Ramasamy.
Sulaiman Abdullah died on 18 December 2023, at the age of 77. His wife Mehrun predeceased him on 29 June 2021. | [
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"text": "Sulaiman Abdullah was one of the lead prosecutors against former Prime Minister Najib Abdul Razak in the SRC International case. He was also lawyer for prime minister Anwar Ibrahim in his corruption and sodomy trials, and Anwar called him a trusted friend beyond the courtroom. Apart from that, he also represented Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin who challenged the legitimacy of Zambry Abdul Kadir's appointment as Perak Mentri Besar in the Perak constitutional crisis case in 2009. Sulaiman also represented Federal and State Islamic agencies in a number of high-profile cases, including the Lina Joy conversion case, and the Catholic Church's challenge to the \"Allah” ban.",
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"title": "Life and career"
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"text": "Sulaiman Abdullah died on 18 December 2023, at the age of 77. His wife Mehrun predeceased him on 29 June 2021.",
"title": "Life and career"
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] | Sulaiman Iyer Abdullah was a Malaysian lawyer who acted in a number of the country's most famous trials and served as president of the Malaysian Bar Council. | 2023-12-22T19:27:33Z | 2023-12-28T05:36:04Z | [
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75,625,541 | Peter William Baker | Peter William Baker (1756 – 25 August 1815) was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle, Wootton Bassett and Arundel.
He was High Sheriff of Dorset from 1787 to 1788. | [
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"text": "He was High Sheriff of Dorset from 1787 to 1788.",
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] | Peter William Baker was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle, Wootton Bassett and Arundel. He was High Sheriff of Dorset from 1787 to 1788. | 2023-12-22T19:28:38Z | 2023-12-22T19:54:01Z | [
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75,625,554 | Rizal Golden Coolers (volleyball) | The Rizal Golden Coolers, also known as Rizal Golden Coolers – Xentro Mall for sponsorship reasons, are a Filipino volleyball team based in the province of Rizal. The team competes in the Maharlika Pilipinas Volleyball Association (MPVA) being one of the league's eight charter teams in its inaugural season. Rizal is one of three teams based in the Calabarzon region, playing their home games at Ynares Center in Antipolo.
The team is owned by the Local Government of Rizal, and shares its name with its basketball counterpart in the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL).
The Rizal Golden Coolers were first announced as one of the charter teams of the MPVA. For the inaugural 2023 season, the Rizal Golden Coolers is captained by Venice Puzon.
Despite a second-place finish in the preliminary round, Rizal pnly managed to place 4th, losing to the eventual champion Bacoor City Strikers in the Semifinals and later to the fifth-seeded Marikina Lady Shoemasters in the Bronze Medal Match. | [
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"text": "Despite a second-place finish in the preliminary round, Rizal pnly managed to place 4th, losing to the eventual champion Bacoor City Strikers in the Semifinals and later to the fifth-seeded Marikina Lady Shoemasters in the Bronze Medal Match.",
"title": "History"
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] | The Rizal Golden Coolers, also known as Rizal Golden Coolers – Xentro Mall for sponsorship reasons, are a Filipino volleyball team based in the province of Rizal. The team competes in the Maharlika Pilipinas Volleyball Association (MPVA) being one of the league's eight charter teams in its inaugural season. Rizal is one of three teams based in the Calabarzon region, playing their home games at Ynares Center in Antipolo. The team is owned by the Local Government of Rizal, and shares its name with its basketball counterpart in the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL). | 2023-12-22T19:31:40Z | 2023-12-26T04:12:08Z | [
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75,625,556 | 2024 New Orleans Privateers baseball team | The 2024 New Orleans Privateers baseball team will represent the University of New Orleans during the 2024 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Privateers play their home games at Maestri Field at Privateer Park and are led by ninth–year head coach Blake Dean. They are members of the Southland Conference. | [
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] | The 2024 New Orleans Privateers baseball team will represent the University of New Orleans during the 2024 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Privateers play their home games at Maestri Field at Privateer Park and are led by ninth–year head coach Blake Dean. They are members of the Southland Conference. | 2023-12-22T19:31:56Z | 2023-12-24T04:49:34Z | [
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75,625,568 | Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum | Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in New Zealand, where it is considered "at risk" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum has a more or less circular thallus measuring 30–80 mm in diameter, loosely attached from its edges to its centre, featuring rising wavy margins with rounded lobes that overlap in a complex pattern. The upper surface varies in colour from dark grey-blue to brown-black, becoming darker at the lobe tips when moist, and displays a spectrum of colours including dark olive-brown to pale yellowish with greyish edges when dry, while the underside is either bubbly or unevenly wrinkled with a tomentum ranging from red-brown to black-brown, and white pseudocyphellae especially noticeable in the central region.
The species was formally described as new to science in 1988 by the lichenologist David Galloway. The species epithet honours Bruce and Glenys Hayward, "for their collections of, and researches into, lichens of the offshore islands of northern New Zealand". They collected the type specimen in 1971 on Red Mercury Island, where it was growing on the bark of a tea tree (genus Leptospermum).
The thallus of Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum is more or less circular, measuring 30–80 mm in diameter. This lichen loosely attaches from its edges to its centre. The edges of the thallus appear to rise slightly and display rounded lobes, spanning 2–20 mm in length and 4–25 mm in width. These lobes stand apart but touch each other and have a complex overlapping pattern.
The lichen's margins are sinuous, rising weakly with an irregular formation ranging from finely to coarsely jagged. The underbelly of the lichen occasionally presents soredia – small reproductive propagules – and has a greyish-white, eroded appearance. The upper surface showcases a spectrum of colours from dark grey-blue to brown-black, particularly becoming darker at the lobe tips when moist. When dry, the central area can vary from dark olive-brown to a pale yellowish tint with greyish edges. The surface texture can be flat or slightly wavy, with the tips more wrinkled and the remainder distinctly dotted.
Additionally, the upper surface is matte, ranging from smooth to minutely spiderweb-like in parts. Depending on its state, it feels either leathery to brittle when dry or soft and limp when wet. It is sorediate, and it lacks phyllidia or pseudocyphellae. Small, irregular light buff-coloured spots (maculae) can be seen, forming a mesh-like patterns towards the lobe tips. Sometimes, these spots form larger patches that lack photobionts.
The soredia of the lichen is dark brownish-blue, transitioning to a pale grey, and often appears to erode to white. These are coarse and resemble crowded, false isidia. The soredia clusters, which can be up to 0.5 mm in diameter, can either be dispersed, densely packed, or even merge to form extensive sorediate to pseudoisidiate crusts. The lichen's inner layer (medulla) is white, and its photosynthetic partner is from the cyanobacterial genus Nostoc.
The lichen's underside has a surface that is either bubbly or unevenly wrinkled. The edges are a pale buff or brown shade with a smooth appearance, while the rest is densely covered in hair-like structures (tomentum) ranging in colour from red-brown to black-brown. This tomentum is shorter and velvety near the margins but extends to a woolly texture towards the centre. White pseudocyphellae, another feature of the lichen, stand out against the tomentum, especially in the central region. These structures are sparse along the edges and measure between 0.1–2.0 mm in diameter. They are easily distinguishable due to their raised, pale-buff border and have a surface ranging from concave to convex with a granular texture.
On Raoul Island, it is known from fragmentary specimens collected from amongst the debris of Kermadec pōhutukawa that were toppled by a cyclone, suggesting that in that location it inhabits the upper tree canopy. In Kohimarama, where it is quite rare, it has been found growing on the trunks of cabbage trees and on fallen dead branches.
In the New Zealand Threat Classification System, Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum is listed as NU ("At Risk: Naturally Uncommon"). | [
{
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"title": "Taxonomy"
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"text": "The thallus of Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum is more or less circular, measuring 30–80 mm in diameter. This lichen loosely attaches from its edges to its centre. The edges of the thallus appear to rise slightly and display rounded lobes, spanning 2–20 mm in length and 4–25 mm in width. These lobes stand apart but touch each other and have a complex overlapping pattern.",
"title": "Description"
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"text": "The lichen's margins are sinuous, rising weakly with an irregular formation ranging from finely to coarsely jagged. The underbelly of the lichen occasionally presents soredia – small reproductive propagules – and has a greyish-white, eroded appearance. The upper surface showcases a spectrum of colours from dark grey-blue to brown-black, particularly becoming darker at the lobe tips when moist. When dry, the central area can vary from dark olive-brown to a pale yellowish tint with greyish edges. The surface texture can be flat or slightly wavy, with the tips more wrinkled and the remainder distinctly dotted.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
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"text": "Additionally, the upper surface is matte, ranging from smooth to minutely spiderweb-like in parts. Depending on its state, it feels either leathery to brittle when dry or soft and limp when wet. It is sorediate, and it lacks phyllidia or pseudocyphellae. Small, irregular light buff-coloured spots (maculae) can be seen, forming a mesh-like patterns towards the lobe tips. Sometimes, these spots form larger patches that lack photobionts.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The soredia of the lichen is dark brownish-blue, transitioning to a pale grey, and often appears to erode to white. These are coarse and resemble crowded, false isidia. The soredia clusters, which can be up to 0.5 mm in diameter, can either be dispersed, densely packed, or even merge to form extensive sorediate to pseudoisidiate crusts. The lichen's inner layer (medulla) is white, and its photosynthetic partner is from the cyanobacterial genus Nostoc.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The lichen's underside has a surface that is either bubbly or unevenly wrinkled. The edges are a pale buff or brown shade with a smooth appearance, while the rest is densely covered in hair-like structures (tomentum) ranging in colour from red-brown to black-brown. This tomentum is shorter and velvety near the margins but extends to a woolly texture towards the centre. White pseudocyphellae, another feature of the lichen, stand out against the tomentum, especially in the central region. These structures are sparse along the edges and measure between 0.1–2.0 mm in diameter. They are easily distinguishable due to their raised, pale-buff border and have a surface ranging from concave to convex with a granular texture.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "On Raoul Island, it is known from fragmentary specimens collected from amongst the debris of Kermadec pōhutukawa that were toppled by a cyclone, suggesting that in that location it inhabits the upper tree canopy. In Kohimarama, where it is quite rare, it has been found growing on the trunks of cabbage trees and on fallen dead branches.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In the New Zealand Threat Classification System, Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum is listed as NU (\"At Risk: Naturally Uncommon\").",
"title": "Conservation"
}
] | Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in New Zealand, where it is considered "at risk" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. Pseudocyphellaria haywardiorum has a more or less circular thallus measuring 30–80 mm in diameter, loosely attached from its edges to its centre, featuring rising wavy margins with rounded lobes that overlap in a complex pattern. The upper surface varies in colour from dark grey-blue to brown-black, becoming darker at the lobe tips when moist, and displays a spectrum of colours including dark olive-brown to pale yellowish with greyish edges when dry, while the underside is either bubbly or unevenly wrinkled with a tomentum ranging from red-brown to black-brown, and white pseudocyphellae especially noticeable in the central region. | 2023-12-22T19:33:42Z | 2023-12-23T11:14:46Z | [
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75,625,572 | St. James' Church, Buxworth | St. James' Church, Buxworth is a 19th-century Church of England church in the village of Buxworth, Derbyshire. The church dates back to 1874 and is a Grade II listed building. | [
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] | St. James' Church, Buxworth is a 19th-century Church of England church in the village of Buxworth, Derbyshire. The church dates back to 1874 and is a Grade II listed building. | 2023-12-22T19:34:17Z | 2023-12-23T12:41:44Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._James%27_Church,_Buxworth |
75,625,579 | 2025 FIBA AmeriCup | The 2025 FIBA AmeriCup will be the 20th edition of the FIBA AmeriCup, which is the main tournament for senior men's basketball national teams of the FIBA Americas from 23 to 31 August 2025. For the first time ever, it will be held in Managua, Nicaragua.
12 teams will qualify for the final tournament.
Matches will be played at the Polideportivo Alexis Argüello. | [
{
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"text": "The 2025 FIBA AmeriCup will be the 20th edition of the FIBA AmeriCup, which is the main tournament for senior men's basketball national teams of the FIBA Americas from 23 to 31 August 2025. For the first time ever, it will be held in Managua, Nicaragua.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "12 teams will qualify for the final tournament.",
"title": "Qualified teams"
},
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"text": "Matches will be played at the Polideportivo Alexis Argüello.",
"title": "Venues"
}
] | The 2025 FIBA AmeriCup will be the 20th edition of the FIBA AmeriCup, which is the main tournament for senior men's basketball national teams of the FIBA Americas from 23 to 31 August 2025. For the first time ever, it will be held in Managua, Nicaragua. | 2023-12-22T19:35:59Z | 2023-12-25T10:24:43Z | [
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75,625,588 | Bucharest Sephardic Jewish Cemetery | The Bucharest Sephardic Jewish Cemetery (Romanian: Cimitirul evreiesc Sefard din București) is one of three active Jewish cemeteries that still exist in Bucharest. The cemetery is located on 2 Olteniței Street, and was opened in 1865. It has an area between 4 and 5 hectares large, and contains 10,300 graves.
The cemetery is home to many tombstones, among which are some transferred from the former cemetery on Sevastopol street [ro], which was the oldest Jewish cemetery in Bucharest that was abolished during the Holocaust under the Antonescu regime. There is also an obelisk present, dedicated in memory of Sephardi Jewish soldiers who died in World War I.
Notable people buried in the cemetery include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Bucharest Sephardic Jewish Cemetery (Romanian: Cimitirul evreiesc Sefard din București) is one of three active Jewish cemeteries that still exist in Bucharest. The cemetery is located on 2 Olteniței Street, and was opened in 1865. It has an area between 4 and 5 hectares large, and contains 10,300 graves.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The cemetery is home to many tombstones, among which are some transferred from the former cemetery on Sevastopol street [ro], which was the oldest Jewish cemetery in Bucharest that was abolished during the Holocaust under the Antonescu regime. There is also an obelisk present, dedicated in memory of Sephardi Jewish soldiers who died in World War I.",
"title": "Contents"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Notable people buried in the cemetery include:",
"title": "Contents"
}
] | The Bucharest Sephardic Jewish Cemetery is one of three active Jewish cemeteries that still exist in Bucharest. The cemetery is located on 2 Olteniței Street, and was opened in 1865. It has an area between 4 and 5 hectares large, and contains 10,300 graves. | 2023-12-22T19:37:14Z | 2023-12-24T07:40:14Z | [
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75,625,611 | Flavoplaca maritima | Flavoplaca maritima is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in costal areas of Northern, Western, and Southern Europe. It mostly occurs on rocks, but has also been recorded growing on wood.
It was first formally described in 1909 by the French lichenologist Maurice Bouly de Lesdain (in a publication of Alexander Zahlbruckner), who described it as a variety of Caloplaca citrina. Later, he considered the taxon worthy of more distinct status and published it as the species Caloplaca maritima.
Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Flavoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Flavoplaca maritima is distinguished by its golden-yellow to pale orange, crustose thallus. It often forms extensive patches, characterised by a cracked-areolate surface, which means the thallus is broken into flat, uneven, knobbly sections called areoles. These areoles are bordered by an orange prothallus, giving the lichen a distinctly fragmented appearance.
This species typically features numerous apothecia, which are the fruiting bodies of the lichen. These apothecia are sessile, meaning they sit directly on the thallus without a stalk, and are flat in shape. Their colour ranges from yellow to yellow-orange and they are edged with a thin thalline margin that matches the thallus in colour.
The ascospores of Flavoplaca maritima measure 11–15 μm in length and 5–8 μm in width, with a septum (a partition in the spore) measuring between 3.5–5.5 μm. In terms of chemical spot test reactions, all parts of this lichen are K+ (purple).
Flavoplaca maritima grows on sun-exposed siliceous rocks, sometimes on calcareous walls, and rarely on wood. It occurs in the western British Isles, Western Europe, Mediterranean France, and the Channel Islands, usually in coastal areas.
Verrucula maritimaria is a lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus that is known to parasitise Flavoplaca maritima. In the Netherlands, the moss Hydropunctarietea maurae is a common associate with Flavoplaca maritima. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Flavoplaca maritima is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in costal areas of Northern, Western, and Southern Europe. It mostly occurs on rocks, but has also been recorded growing on wood.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It was first formally described in 1909 by the French lichenologist Maurice Bouly de Lesdain (in a publication of Alexander Zahlbruckner), who described it as a variety of Caloplaca citrina. Later, he considered the taxon worthy of more distinct status and published it as the species Caloplaca maritima.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
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"text": "Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Flavoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Flavoplaca maritima is distinguished by its golden-yellow to pale orange, crustose thallus. It often forms extensive patches, characterised by a cracked-areolate surface, which means the thallus is broken into flat, uneven, knobbly sections called areoles. These areoles are bordered by an orange prothallus, giving the lichen a distinctly fragmented appearance.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "This species typically features numerous apothecia, which are the fruiting bodies of the lichen. These apothecia are sessile, meaning they sit directly on the thallus without a stalk, and are flat in shape. Their colour ranges from yellow to yellow-orange and they are edged with a thin thalline margin that matches the thallus in colour.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The ascospores of Flavoplaca maritima measure 11–15 μm in length and 5–8 μm in width, with a septum (a partition in the spore) measuring between 3.5–5.5 μm. In terms of chemical spot test reactions, all parts of this lichen are K+ (purple).",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Flavoplaca maritima grows on sun-exposed siliceous rocks, sometimes on calcareous walls, and rarely on wood. It occurs in the western British Isles, Western Europe, Mediterranean France, and the Channel Islands, usually in coastal areas.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution, and ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Verrucula maritimaria is a lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus that is known to parasitise Flavoplaca maritima. In the Netherlands, the moss Hydropunctarietea maurae is a common associate with Flavoplaca maritima.",
"title": "Habitat and distribution, and ecology"
}
] | Flavoplaca maritima is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in costal areas of Northern, Western, and Southern Europe. It mostly occurs on rocks, but has also been recorded growing on wood. | 2023-12-22T19:41:44Z | 2023-12-23T11:08:16Z | [
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75,625,616 | The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip: Turks & Caicos | The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip: Turks & Caicos, the first season of The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip, an American reality television series. It premiered on Peacock on December 16, 2021. The season was primarily filmed in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Its executive producers are Lisa Shannon, Dan Peirson, Darren Ward, John Paparazzo, Glenda Cox and Andy Cohen.
The season follows several housewives from across The Real Housewives franchise vacationing together. The cast was composed of Cynthia Bailey, Teresa Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Luann de Lesseps, Kenya Moore, Kyle Richards and Ramona Singer.
The season was filmed at the Triton Luxury Villa in Turks and Caicos Islands with its Principal photography beginning in April 2021.
The cast was announced Cynthia Bailey, Luann de Lesseps, Teresa Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Kenya Moore, Kyle Richards, and Ramona Singer. Vicki Gunvalson and Gizelle Bryant both stated they were initially cast for the first season, but were unable to commit to the project due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The first season premiered on November 16, 2021. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip: Turks & Caicos, the first season of The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip, an American reality television series. It premiered on Peacock on December 16, 2021. The season was primarily filmed in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Its executive producers are Lisa Shannon, Dan Peirson, Darren Ward, John Paparazzo, Glenda Cox and Andy Cohen.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The season follows several housewives from across The Real Housewives franchise vacationing together. The cast was composed of Cynthia Bailey, Teresa Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Luann de Lesseps, Kenya Moore, Kyle Richards and Ramona Singer.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The season was filmed at the Triton Luxury Villa in Turks and Caicos Islands with its Principal photography beginning in April 2021.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The cast was announced Cynthia Bailey, Luann de Lesseps, Teresa Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Kenya Moore, Kyle Richards, and Ramona Singer. Vicki Gunvalson and Gizelle Bryant both stated they were initially cast for the first season, but were unable to commit to the project due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The first season premiered on November 16, 2021.",
"title": "Cast"
}
] | The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip: Turks & Caicos, the first season of The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip, an American reality television series. It premiered on Peacock on December 16, 2021. The season was primarily filmed in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Its executive producers are Lisa Shannon, Dan Peirson, Darren Ward, John Paparazzo, Glenda Cox and Andy Cohen. The season follows several housewives from across The Real Housewives franchise vacationing together. The cast was composed of Cynthia Bailey, Teresa Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Luann de Lesseps, Kenya Moore, Kyle Richards and Ramona Singer. | 2023-12-22T19:42:46Z | 2023-12-26T23:27:00Z | [
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75,625,618 | Gabriel Plançon | Gabriel Plançon was a French Resistance fighter born in Besançon on July 10, 1916, and shot dead by German occupying forces in the same town on September 14, 1943. Nicknamed Bibi, he led a "classic" existence, divided between his family, his mechanical work on typewriters and his artistic and cultural hobbies. However, his routine was disrupted when he was posted to the air force during World War II. After being captured and escaping, he returned to a country under Nazi domination. He joined the French Resistance, using his skills and equipment to convince the population to fight, provide false papers and hide his companions, later becoming leader of the local Francs-tireurs et partisans movement, in conjunction with the Guy Mocquet group.
At the peak of his fight, he is said to have organized, with the help of British allies, the bombing of Besançon in 1943, which cost the lives of some 50 people and destroyed the Comtois capital's main railway station and other infrastructure. He planned to carry out a final bomb attack targeting the quarters of a German military police unit, before fleeing to London, but was denounced by a traitor. During his arrest, he was seriously wounded while trying to escape, and died of his injuries. Decades after the war, the French authorities paid tribute to him, awarding him several posthumous titles, as well as a commemorative plaque and a street in his name.
Gabriel Plançon, son of Jules Irénée known as René (1891-1959) and Jeanne Marie Angèle Georgette Caire (1891-1974), was born on July 10, 1916 in Besançon, a town in the Franche-Comté region of France, during, World War I. Nevertheless, the city was not involved in the conflict, and his father was discharged from the army, giving Gabriel, nicknamed Bibi at the time, a "normal" life. His parents owned property in the Tilleroyes district to the west of the city, where he grew up. He attended the Arsenal elementary school, then scouted during 1928 as a patrol scout with the Éclaireurs de France, before attending the École nationale d'horlogerie (National Watchmaking School), now the Lycée Jules-Haag.
At the age of 15, he gave up his watchmaking studies, which did not interest him, and lived in the family home, entertaining many friends, most of them from the worlds of art and culture. A lover of nature and animals, he planted an Atlas Cedar in the vicinity of his house, a tree that still stands on the premises today. In 1931, his little sister Janine, nicknamed Nino, was born, and Gabriel, despite some initial emotional misgivings towards her, ended up showing great brotherly love and becoming a role model for her. Later, he decided to work as a typist in the family workshop, specializing in the sale and repair of typewriters. At the same time, he became a self-taught intellectual, with a particular interest in literature, including a great deal of poetry.
He also took an interest in aviation, passing his pilot's license and taking up parachuting. His political awareness developed, and as a young adult, he began militating in the city's socialist circles with comrades such as Jean Minjoz, Gilbert Bourquin and Henri Chapatte. His thinking was humanist, and he advocated bringing people together and teaching Esperanto to the whole world. In addition to his professional and political activities, Bibi made it a point of honor to restore and improve the house where he was born. As the situation in Europe deteriorated, he worried about a possible new war, and feared that his property would be bombed because the work he had begun could be perceived as suspicious.
In 1939, World War II was declared. Gabriel Plançon was mobilized and assigned to the air force, first in Montpellier, then at the Valence headquarters in the Drôme region. He was taken prisoner, but escaped to Istres with two companions. He told them, "We're useless here, we have to go back to Besançon and join a Resistance group". Despite his precarious financial situation and the risks involved, he managed to return to the Comtois capital, where he intended to fight against the occupation as part of a faction. On February 3, 1941, he married Marguerite Marsoudet (1909-1967), a hairdresser seven years his senior, divorced with two children to support; although he loved her passionately, he did not wish to have any more children, believing that his Resistance activities would lead to his death.
In his idea of struggle, he sought out a resistance group; but the only group in the city at the time was the Communist Party, a movement to which Bibi was not ideologically close, but which he joined anyways. In fact, the Resistance did not fully take root in Besançon until 1942, with genuine attacks such as the one on the Hôtel de Paris and the Frontbuchhandlung bookshop (place du Huit septembre), both the work of the Valmy group. Thus, the only real actions carried out beforehand were those of this party, such as graffiti writing, flyer distribution or the organization of a protest at the war memorial on November 11, 1941. After being demobilized, he resumed his work as a mechanic to survive in these precarious conditions and help his fellow soldiers. After the Francs-tireurs et partisans group was created and set up in Besançon, Plançon became its local leader, working with the Guy Mocquet group and Abbot Georges Martin, vicar in the Saint-Ferjeux district, to organize resistance in the region, particularly in Besançon and Pontarlier. He produced numerous leaflets against the Nazis and the Vichy government, and urged people to join the Resistance. He also sold posters to benefit the families of those shot and deported in the Doubs region.
With the help of Henri Chapatte, his clandestine printing works also enabled him to make forged identity cards. He hid and supported the survivors of the Guy Mocquet group, to whom he was very close, at his home and in another house in the hamlet of Plaisir-Fontaine, near Ornans. He then took on an assumed name, Dussaut, and stepped up his fight by printing numerous leaflets, notably against the Service du travail obligatoire. After the arrest of many people in the region, including many members of the Guy Mocquet group, he even considered helping the 16 Resistance fighters sentenced to death in Besançon to escape, but did not have the time to carry out this project, as the executions took place on September 26, 1943. On the night of July 16-17, 1943, the city of Besançon was bombed at several points, and Bibi decided to see the damage with her father and younger sister. They walked towards the Viotte train station, but the sight of a severed hand lying on the sidewalk prompted Gabriel to take Janine home. It was the only bombing the town had ever seen, and although the sirens sounded, their daily use no longer concerned the inhabitants.
During the night, 165 Halifax Pathfinder bombers took off from south-west England, targeting the Peugeot factories at Sochaux. The town of Besançon was chosen as an alternative target, to deceive the German night fighters. At around 1 a.m. local time, a scout plane collided with a German fighter (Dornier 217-J), resulting in an exchange of fire. The English Halifax was then hit by the German Dornier, before the former crashed into the Besançon-Viotte railway station. Fifteen Halifaxes then bombed Besançon in dispersed order, killing around fifty people, many of them civilians. The Bregille funicular was also bombed by a plane that had dropped its bombs too early, and it later emerged that nine of these bombers thought they had destroyed the Peugeot factories in Sochaux. A witness at the scene saw flashes of lightning as the planes bombed the town, evidence of the use of flash bombs to take photos of the target.
Gabriel, who had been involved in a number of sabotages on the rail network, might have been the instigator of this attack. In fact, he was behind a plan to destroy the city's most important barracks with London resistance fighters, but as the city had far too many barracks due to its rich military past, the Nazi-controlled station was chosen. In all, the operation resulted in some 50 deaths, 40 seriously injured and 100 lightly wounded civilians. In material terms, the station, several factories and buildings were totally destroyed. Denunciations were rife in these times of war, and in the wake of this attack, he felt his life was in danger; Bibi then tried to organize an escape to London, one of the last free cities in Europe, after one last action.
On September 13, 1943, the Guy Mocquet group delivered a bomb to the resistance fighters supporting Gabriel, which was to be used to blow up a pro-German bookshop on Grande rue, used as a recruitment office for the Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism. In addition to its clearly defined objective, this operation was intended to test the honesty of one of the network's most dubious members, Robert Guyon. But Guyon denounced his accomplices to the Feldgendarmerie, and in return was sentenced to 20 years' hard labor, 20 years' residency ban and life imprisonment for national degradation, a decision handed down by the Doubs Court of Justice on August 8, 1945. Gabriel, knowing he was in danger, tried to reach Great Britain via Spain, but all the members of the Guy Mocquet group, except Robert Opériol who managed to elude the spies, were arrested and deported. Among them, Jacques Martin, in charge of the mail service in the Jura mountains, was deported to the Dachau concentration camp, where he died on February 20, 1945; his wife Marie-Rose Martin was deported to Mauthausen and then to Ravensbrück, where she was miraculously liberated on April 25, 1945; Jean Fournier, a trainee inspector, died in Flossenbürg on March 31, 1945.
As for Gabriel Plançon, the Nazis went to look for him at his home, Place Risler, on the night of July 10, 1943, at 1:45 am. They knocked on the door and immediately demanded Gabriel's surrender, but his wife huffily replied that he was absent. Meanwhile, Bibi attempted to escape through a back window by climbing onto a pile of wood, but the pile unraveled and made a rustling noise. Soldiers stationed nearby heard the noise, identified Gabriel and shot him. Severely wounded by a musket ball in the stomach, he groaned for some twenty minutes before the authorities took him to Hôpital Saint-Jacques, while others searched the apartment. Marguerite Plançon and one of her daughters were subsequently taken away, before being released shortly afterwards. He died at 6 a.m. during a last-chance operation, and his family was allowed to see his remains. His burial took place a few days later in the Saint-Ferjeux cemetery, and was attended in silence by a huge crowd. There were no tombstones, no services, no special gatherings. However, several of his friends, including Henri Chapatte and Gilbert Mourquin, entered the cemetery the following night and laid a wreath on Gabriel's grave, bearing the words "To our friend, murdered by the Germans".
The grave of Gabriel and his wife, located in the Saint-Ferjeux cemetery (alley B), was adorned with a stone stele bearing the inscriptions "Gabriel Plançon, born July 10, 1916, FTPT patriot, murdered by the Germans on September 14, 1943, the road is lined with graves, but it leads to Justice". The historian Jean Tyrode asked Mayor Robert Schwint to name a street in the town after this character, which was done when a road linking the Pont Canot and Boulevard Charles de Gaulle was named in his honor, with the words "Resistance fighter who died for the Fatherland". Also on Jean Tyrode's initiative, a commemorative plaque was affixed to the wall of the building in which he was mortally wounded in 1995, at Place Risler, noting "Here was shot down by the enemy the Resistance fighter Gabriel Plançon, aged 27", in the presence of Robert Schwint, the Doubs deputy, Robert Opériol, and several other officials and local residents. He was posthumously awarded the Legion of Honor, the Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 and the Resistance Medal. Finally, a book entitled "Gabriel Plançon, résistant assassiné à Besançon" (Gabriel Plançon, Resistance fighter murdered in Besançon), authored by his sister Janine, was published in 2011. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Gabriel Plançon was a French Resistance fighter born in Besançon on July 10, 1916, and shot dead by German occupying forces in the same town on September 14, 1943. Nicknamed Bibi, he led a \"classic\" existence, divided between his family, his mechanical work on typewriters and his artistic and cultural hobbies. However, his routine was disrupted when he was posted to the air force during World War II. After being captured and escaping, he returned to a country under Nazi domination. He joined the French Resistance, using his skills and equipment to convince the population to fight, provide false papers and hide his companions, later becoming leader of the local Francs-tireurs et partisans movement, in conjunction with the Guy Mocquet group.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "At the peak of his fight, he is said to have organized, with the help of British allies, the bombing of Besançon in 1943, which cost the lives of some 50 people and destroyed the Comtois capital's main railway station and other infrastructure. He planned to carry out a final bomb attack targeting the quarters of a German military police unit, before fleeing to London, but was denounced by a traitor. During his arrest, he was seriously wounded while trying to escape, and died of his injuries. Decades after the war, the French authorities paid tribute to him, awarding him several posthumous titles, as well as a commemorative plaque and a street in his name.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Gabriel Plançon, son of Jules Irénée known as René (1891-1959) and Jeanne Marie Angèle Georgette Caire (1891-1974), was born on July 10, 1916 in Besançon, a town in the Franche-Comté region of France, during, World War I. Nevertheless, the city was not involved in the conflict, and his father was discharged from the army, giving Gabriel, nicknamed Bibi at the time, a \"normal\" life. His parents owned property in the Tilleroyes district to the west of the city, where he grew up. He attended the Arsenal elementary school, then scouted during 1928 as a patrol scout with the Éclaireurs de France, before attending the École nationale d'horlogerie (National Watchmaking School), now the Lycée Jules-Haag.",
"title": "Childhood and adulthood"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "At the age of 15, he gave up his watchmaking studies, which did not interest him, and lived in the family home, entertaining many friends, most of them from the worlds of art and culture. A lover of nature and animals, he planted an Atlas Cedar in the vicinity of his house, a tree that still stands on the premises today. In 1931, his little sister Janine, nicknamed Nino, was born, and Gabriel, despite some initial emotional misgivings towards her, ended up showing great brotherly love and becoming a role model for her. Later, he decided to work as a typist in the family workshop, specializing in the sale and repair of typewriters. At the same time, he became a self-taught intellectual, with a particular interest in literature, including a great deal of poetry.",
"title": "Childhood and adulthood"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "He also took an interest in aviation, passing his pilot's license and taking up parachuting. His political awareness developed, and as a young adult, he began militating in the city's socialist circles with comrades such as Jean Minjoz, Gilbert Bourquin and Henri Chapatte. His thinking was humanist, and he advocated bringing people together and teaching Esperanto to the whole world. In addition to his professional and political activities, Bibi made it a point of honor to restore and improve the house where he was born. As the situation in Europe deteriorated, he worried about a possible new war, and feared that his property would be bombed because the work he had begun could be perceived as suspicious.",
"title": "Childhood and adulthood"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1939, World War II was declared. Gabriel Plançon was mobilized and assigned to the air force, first in Montpellier, then at the Valence headquarters in the Drôme region. He was taken prisoner, but escaped to Istres with two companions. He told them, \"We're useless here, we have to go back to Besançon and join a Resistance group\". Despite his precarious financial situation and the risks involved, he managed to return to the Comtois capital, where he intended to fight against the occupation as part of a faction. On February 3, 1941, he married Marguerite Marsoudet (1909-1967), a hairdresser seven years his senior, divorced with two children to support; although he loved her passionately, he did not wish to have any more children, believing that his Resistance activities would lead to his death.",
"title": "War and Resistance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In his idea of struggle, he sought out a resistance group; but the only group in the city at the time was the Communist Party, a movement to which Bibi was not ideologically close, but which he joined anyways. In fact, the Resistance did not fully take root in Besançon until 1942, with genuine attacks such as the one on the Hôtel de Paris and the Frontbuchhandlung bookshop (place du Huit septembre), both the work of the Valmy group. Thus, the only real actions carried out beforehand were those of this party, such as graffiti writing, flyer distribution or the organization of a protest at the war memorial on November 11, 1941. After being demobilized, he resumed his work as a mechanic to survive in these precarious conditions and help his fellow soldiers. After the Francs-tireurs et partisans group was created and set up in Besançon, Plançon became its local leader, working with the Guy Mocquet group and Abbot Georges Martin, vicar in the Saint-Ferjeux district, to organize resistance in the region, particularly in Besançon and Pontarlier. He produced numerous leaflets against the Nazis and the Vichy government, and urged people to join the Resistance. He also sold posters to benefit the families of those shot and deported in the Doubs region.",
"title": "War and Resistance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "With the help of Henri Chapatte, his clandestine printing works also enabled him to make forged identity cards. He hid and supported the survivors of the Guy Mocquet group, to whom he was very close, at his home and in another house in the hamlet of Plaisir-Fontaine, near Ornans. He then took on an assumed name, Dussaut, and stepped up his fight by printing numerous leaflets, notably against the Service du travail obligatoire. After the arrest of many people in the region, including many members of the Guy Mocquet group, he even considered helping the 16 Resistance fighters sentenced to death in Besançon to escape, but did not have the time to carry out this project, as the executions took place on September 26, 1943. On the night of July 16-17, 1943, the city of Besançon was bombed at several points, and Bibi decided to see the damage with her father and younger sister. They walked towards the Viotte train station, but the sight of a severed hand lying on the sidewalk prompted Gabriel to take Janine home. It was the only bombing the town had ever seen, and although the sirens sounded, their daily use no longer concerned the inhabitants.",
"title": "War and Resistance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "During the night, 165 Halifax Pathfinder bombers took off from south-west England, targeting the Peugeot factories at Sochaux. The town of Besançon was chosen as an alternative target, to deceive the German night fighters. At around 1 a.m. local time, a scout plane collided with a German fighter (Dornier 217-J), resulting in an exchange of fire. The English Halifax was then hit by the German Dornier, before the former crashed into the Besançon-Viotte railway station. Fifteen Halifaxes then bombed Besançon in dispersed order, killing around fifty people, many of them civilians. The Bregille funicular was also bombed by a plane that had dropped its bombs too early, and it later emerged that nine of these bombers thought they had destroyed the Peugeot factories in Sochaux. A witness at the scene saw flashes of lightning as the planes bombed the town, evidence of the use of flash bombs to take photos of the target.",
"title": "War and Resistance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Gabriel, who had been involved in a number of sabotages on the rail network, might have been the instigator of this attack. In fact, he was behind a plan to destroy the city's most important barracks with London resistance fighters, but as the city had far too many barracks due to its rich military past, the Nazi-controlled station was chosen. In all, the operation resulted in some 50 deaths, 40 seriously injured and 100 lightly wounded civilians. In material terms, the station, several factories and buildings were totally destroyed. Denunciations were rife in these times of war, and in the wake of this attack, he felt his life was in danger; Bibi then tried to organize an escape to London, one of the last free cities in Europe, after one last action.",
"title": "War and Resistance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "On September 13, 1943, the Guy Mocquet group delivered a bomb to the resistance fighters supporting Gabriel, which was to be used to blow up a pro-German bookshop on Grande rue, used as a recruitment office for the Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism. In addition to its clearly defined objective, this operation was intended to test the honesty of one of the network's most dubious members, Robert Guyon. But Guyon denounced his accomplices to the Feldgendarmerie, and in return was sentenced to 20 years' hard labor, 20 years' residency ban and life imprisonment for national degradation, a decision handed down by the Doubs Court of Justice on August 8, 1945. Gabriel, knowing he was in danger, tried to reach Great Britain via Spain, but all the members of the Guy Mocquet group, except Robert Opériol who managed to elude the spies, were arrested and deported. Among them, Jacques Martin, in charge of the mail service in the Jura mountains, was deported to the Dachau concentration camp, where he died on February 20, 1945; his wife Marie-Rose Martin was deported to Mauthausen and then to Ravensbrück, where she was miraculously liberated on April 25, 1945; Jean Fournier, a trainee inspector, died in Flossenbürg on March 31, 1945.",
"title": "Latest attack and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "As for Gabriel Plançon, the Nazis went to look for him at his home, Place Risler, on the night of July 10, 1943, at 1:45 am. They knocked on the door and immediately demanded Gabriel's surrender, but his wife huffily replied that he was absent. Meanwhile, Bibi attempted to escape through a back window by climbing onto a pile of wood, but the pile unraveled and made a rustling noise. Soldiers stationed nearby heard the noise, identified Gabriel and shot him. Severely wounded by a musket ball in the stomach, he groaned for some twenty minutes before the authorities took him to Hôpital Saint-Jacques, while others searched the apartment. Marguerite Plançon and one of her daughters were subsequently taken away, before being released shortly afterwards. He died at 6 a.m. during a last-chance operation, and his family was allowed to see his remains. His burial took place a few days later in the Saint-Ferjeux cemetery, and was attended in silence by a huge crowd. There were no tombstones, no services, no special gatherings. However, several of his friends, including Henri Chapatte and Gilbert Mourquin, entered the cemetery the following night and laid a wreath on Gabriel's grave, bearing the words \"To our friend, murdered by the Germans\".",
"title": "Latest attack and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The grave of Gabriel and his wife, located in the Saint-Ferjeux cemetery (alley B), was adorned with a stone stele bearing the inscriptions \"Gabriel Plançon, born July 10, 1916, FTPT patriot, murdered by the Germans on September 14, 1943, the road is lined with graves, but it leads to Justice\". The historian Jean Tyrode asked Mayor Robert Schwint to name a street in the town after this character, which was done when a road linking the Pont Canot and Boulevard Charles de Gaulle was named in his honor, with the words \"Resistance fighter who died for the Fatherland\". Also on Jean Tyrode's initiative, a commemorative plaque was affixed to the wall of the building in which he was mortally wounded in 1995, at Place Risler, noting \"Here was shot down by the enemy the Resistance fighter Gabriel Plançon, aged 27\", in the presence of Robert Schwint, the Doubs deputy, Robert Opériol, and several other officials and local residents. He was posthumously awarded the Legion of Honor, the Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 and the Resistance Medal. Finally, a book entitled \"Gabriel Plançon, résistant assassiné à Besançon\" (Gabriel Plançon, Resistance fighter murdered in Besançon), authored by his sister Janine, was published in 2011.",
"title": "Tributes"
}
] | Gabriel Plançon was a French Resistance fighter born in Besançon on July 10, 1916, and shot dead by German occupying forces in the same town on September 14, 1943. Nicknamed Bibi, he led a "classic" existence, divided between his family, his mechanical work on typewriters and his artistic and cultural hobbies. However, his routine was disrupted when he was posted to the air force during World War II. After being captured and escaping, he returned to a country under Nazi domination. He joined the French Resistance, using his skills and equipment to convince the population to fight, provide false papers and hide his companions, later becoming leader of the local Francs-tireurs et partisans movement, in conjunction with the Guy Mocquet group. At the peak of his fight, he is said to have organized, with the help of British allies, the bombing of Besançon in 1943, which cost the lives of some 50 people and destroyed the Comtois capital's main railway station and other infrastructure. He planned to carry out a final bomb attack targeting the quarters of a German military police unit, before fleeing to London, but was denounced by a traitor. During his arrest, he was seriously wounded while trying to escape, and died of his injuries. Decades after the war, the French authorities paid tribute to him, awarding him several posthumous titles, as well as a commemorative plaque and a street in his name. | 2023-12-22T19:43:17Z | 2023-12-28T04:50:16Z | [
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"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Authority control"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Plan%C3%A7on |
75,625,624 | Ruff Cutts | Ruff Cutts is an EP by American heavy metal band Twisted Sister, released by Secret in 1982.
In 2011, the complete EP was remastered and included as bonus tracks on the 2011 Eagle Rock Entertainment special edition CD/DVD release of Under the Blade.
Ruff Cutts was released in the UK only by the independent label Secret Records, who signed the band in 1982. While the band were in England recording their debut album, Under the Blade, the head of the label, Martin Hooker, proposed capitalising on some of the band's buzz in the British music press by releasing an EP to "cope with demand for Twisted Sister product" and provide "a taster of what's to come" on their debut album. Snider recalled in his 2012 autobiography, Shut Up and Give Me the Mic: A Twisted Memoir, "Happy to get any product out into the marketplace, we readily agreed."
The EP contained four demo tracks, all of which had appeared on a demo tape given by the band to Secret Records prior to signing with them. "What You Don't Know" and "Shoot 'Em Down" were recorded at Bolognese Studios, Merrick, New York, in 1981, with Twisted Sister producing themselves and Denny McNerny as engineer. "Under the Blade" and "Leader of the Pack" were recorded at Electric Lady Studios in Greenwich Village, with Eddie Kramer as the producer, in November 1979. All of the tracks except "Leader of the Pack" were re-recorded for Under the Blade. The band re-recorded "Leader of the Pack" in 1985 for their fourth studio album Come Out and Play.
Ruff Cutts was released in July 1982. The marketing campaign for the EP included fly-posting, consumer press advertising, t-shirt badges and point of sale material. Ruff Cutts failed to enter the UK Singles Chart, but did reach number 2 in the Rock Singles Chart in August 1982.
In a retrospective review, Eduardo Rivadavia of AllMusic called Ruff Cutts "a right corker", with the "vicious" "Under the Blade" and "punchy" "Shoot 'Em Down". He was less impressed wiwth the cover of "Leader of the Pack", calling it "painfully saccharine".
All songs written by Dee Snider except "Leader of the Pack" by Ellie Greenwich, Shadow Morton and Jeff Barry.
Side one
Side two
Twisted Sister
Additional musicians
Production
Other | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ruff Cutts is an EP by American heavy metal band Twisted Sister, released by Secret in 1982.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In 2011, the complete EP was remastered and included as bonus tracks on the 2011 Eagle Rock Entertainment special edition CD/DVD release of Under the Blade.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Ruff Cutts was released in the UK only by the independent label Secret Records, who signed the band in 1982. While the band were in England recording their debut album, Under the Blade, the head of the label, Martin Hooker, proposed capitalising on some of the band's buzz in the British music press by releasing an EP to \"cope with demand for Twisted Sister product\" and provide \"a taster of what's to come\" on their debut album. Snider recalled in his 2012 autobiography, Shut Up and Give Me the Mic: A Twisted Memoir, \"Happy to get any product out into the marketplace, we readily agreed.\"",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The EP contained four demo tracks, all of which had appeared on a demo tape given by the band to Secret Records prior to signing with them. \"What You Don't Know\" and \"Shoot 'Em Down\" were recorded at Bolognese Studios, Merrick, New York, in 1981, with Twisted Sister producing themselves and Denny McNerny as engineer. \"Under the Blade\" and \"Leader of the Pack\" were recorded at Electric Lady Studios in Greenwich Village, with Eddie Kramer as the producer, in November 1979. All of the tracks except \"Leader of the Pack\" were re-recorded for Under the Blade. The band re-recorded \"Leader of the Pack\" in 1985 for their fourth studio album Come Out and Play.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Ruff Cutts was released in July 1982. The marketing campaign for the EP included fly-posting, consumer press advertising, t-shirt badges and point of sale material. Ruff Cutts failed to enter the UK Singles Chart, but did reach number 2 in the Rock Singles Chart in August 1982.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In a retrospective review, Eduardo Rivadavia of AllMusic called Ruff Cutts \"a right corker\", with the \"vicious\" \"Under the Blade\" and \"punchy\" \"Shoot 'Em Down\". He was less impressed wiwth the cover of \"Leader of the Pack\", calling it \"painfully saccharine\".",
"title": "Critical reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "All songs written by Dee Snider except \"Leader of the Pack\" by Ellie Greenwich, Shadow Morton and Jeff Barry.",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Side one",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Side two",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Twisted Sister",
"title": "Personnel"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Additional musicians",
"title": "Personnel"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Production",
"title": "Personnel"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Other",
"title": "Personnel"
}
] | Ruff Cutts is an EP by American heavy metal band Twisted Sister, released by Secret in 1982. In 2011, the complete EP was remastered and included as bonus tracks on the 2011 Eagle Rock Entertainment special edition CD/DVD release of Under the Blade. | 2023-12-22T19:43:54Z | 2023-12-30T21:25:36Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruff_Cutts |
75,625,626 | Aurora (Nikolija Jovanović album) | Aurora is the third studio album by Serbian singer and rapper Nikolija. It was released digitally by Made In BLKN on 4 December 2022. The album followed Yin & Yang from 2019.
The album's title track, featuring Bosnian singer Amna, became Nikolija's first single on the Billboard's chart, as it debuted on the Croatia Songs chart. Six songs from the album were nominated in six different categories at the 2023 Music Awards Ceremony, whilst "Pilot" received the award for the Female Trap Song of the Year.
Gearing up to the release of the album, Nikolija released its lead single, "Gringo", on April 2, 2022. She officially announced her third studio album via Instagram in May. Subsequently, the second single, "Gle Gle", was released the same month. Nikolija decided to release the tracks from the album as individual singles accompanied by a music video, rather than releasing them collectively at once. In July, she collaborated with the winner of the first season of IDJ Show, Amna Alajbegović, on the album's title single, "Aurora". Talking about its title, Jovanović stated that the it was inspired by the Polar lights. "Aurora" was followed by "Bez nakita" in August. Then in October, she released "Dodole" and "Pilot". Concurrently with the album, the final single, "Gucci Mama", was released on 2 December 2022. Aurora became Nikolija's first album to not be released in a physical form, as it is only available on streaming services and as a digital download. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Aurora is the third studio album by Serbian singer and rapper Nikolija. It was released digitally by Made In BLKN on 4 December 2022. The album followed Yin & Yang from 2019.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The album's title track, featuring Bosnian singer Amna, became Nikolija's first single on the Billboard's chart, as it debuted on the Croatia Songs chart. Six songs from the album were nominated in six different categories at the 2023 Music Awards Ceremony, whilst \"Pilot\" received the award for the Female Trap Song of the Year.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Gearing up to the release of the album, Nikolija released its lead single, \"Gringo\", on April 2, 2022. She officially announced her third studio album via Instagram in May. Subsequently, the second single, \"Gle Gle\", was released the same month. Nikolija decided to release the tracks from the album as individual singles accompanied by a music video, rather than releasing them collectively at once. In July, she collaborated with the winner of the first season of IDJ Show, Amna Alajbegović, on the album's title single, \"Aurora\". Talking about its title, Jovanović stated that the it was inspired by the Polar lights. \"Aurora\" was followed by \"Bez nakita\" in August. Then in October, she released \"Dodole\" and \"Pilot\". Concurrently with the album, the final single, \"Gucci Mama\", was released on 2 December 2022. Aurora became Nikolija's first album to not be released in a physical form, as it is only available on streaming services and as a digital download.",
"title": "Background"
}
] | Aurora is the third studio album by Serbian singer and rapper Nikolija. It was released digitally by Made In BLKN on 4 December 2022. The album followed Yin & Yang from 2019. The album's title track, featuring Bosnian singer Amna, became Nikolija's first single on the Billboard's chart, as it debuted on the Croatia Songs chart. Six songs from the album were nominated in six different categories at the 2023 Music Awards Ceremony, whilst "Pilot" received the award for the Female Trap Song of the Year. | 2023-12-22T19:44:04Z | 2023-12-23T22:53:10Z | [
"Template:Track listing",
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"Template:Discogs release",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox album"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora_(Nikolija_Jovanovi%C4%87_album) |
75,625,660 | Derek von Wissel | Dr. Derek von Wissel is a politician and businessman from Swaziland.
His family owned one of the largest retailers on Swaziland. He was the president of the Federation of Swaziland Employers.
Von Wissel was appointed minister of commerce and industry in 1980s until 1988. In 1993 he was elected to the Senate of Swaziland. Von Wissel was appointed Minister of Finance of Swaziland from March 1995 to November 1996. Prior this appointment, he was minister of health.
He later worked as a director combating AIDS in Swaziland. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Dr. Derek von Wissel is a politician and businessman from Swaziland.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "His family owned one of the largest retailers on Swaziland. He was the president of the Federation of Swaziland Employers.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Von Wissel was appointed minister of commerce and industry in 1980s until 1988. In 1993 he was elected to the Senate of Swaziland. Von Wissel was appointed Minister of Finance of Swaziland from March 1995 to November 1996. Prior this appointment, he was minister of health.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He later worked as a director combating AIDS in Swaziland.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Dr. Derek von Wissel is a politician and businessman from Swaziland. His family owned one of the largest retailers on Swaziland. He was the president of the Federation of Swaziland Employers. Von Wissel was appointed minister of commerce and industry in 1980s until 1988. In 1993 he was elected to the Senate of Swaziland. Von Wissel was appointed Minister of Finance of Swaziland from March 1995 to November 1996. Prior this appointment, he was minister of health. He later worked as a director combating AIDS in Swaziland. | 2023-12-22T19:49:45Z | 2023-12-23T12:32:50Z | [
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"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_von_Wissel |
75,625,687 | Tehadiso | Tehadiso (Ge'ez: ተሃድሶ, meaning "renaissance" or "reformation") is a group of reformed Christian movement within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church based on Evangelical Protestant theology. It has church position of archbishops, bishops, priests, deacons and monks which operates both in Exiled-Synod and and the Holy-Synod.
The earliest Tehadiso church was Medhanialem Tehadiso Church founded in 1946. Headed by Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarch Abune Mathias, the church holds several several traditional rites and rituals, such as the blessing of the water of life ceremony and the observance of fasting. The movement is one of the most controversial within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Mahibere Kidusan, which believed it is "heretical" and spread globalization, secularization, and ecumenism in the church. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Tehadiso (Ge'ez: ተሃድሶ, meaning \"renaissance\" or \"reformation\") is a group of reformed Christian movement within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church based on Evangelical Protestant theology. It has church position of archbishops, bishops, priests, deacons and monks which operates both in Exiled-Synod and and the Holy-Synod.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The earliest Tehadiso church was Medhanialem Tehadiso Church founded in 1946. Headed by Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarch Abune Mathias, the church holds several several traditional rites and rituals, such as the blessing of the water of life ceremony and the observance of fasting. The movement is one of the most controversial within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Mahibere Kidusan, which believed it is \"heretical\" and spread globalization, secularization, and ecumenism in the church.",
"title": ""
}
] | Tehadiso is a group of reformed Christian movement within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church based on Evangelical Protestant theology. It has church position of archbishops, bishops, priests, deacons and monks which operates both in Exiled-Synod and and the Holy-Synod. The earliest Tehadiso church was Medhanialem Tehadiso Church founded in 1946. Headed by Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarch Abune Mathias, the church holds several several traditional rites and rituals, such as the blessing of the water of life ceremony and the observance of fasting. The movement is one of the most controversial within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Mahibere Kidusan, which believed it is "heretical" and spread globalization, secularization, and ecumenism in the church. | 2023-12-22T19:52:33Z | 2023-12-22T21:04:34Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehadiso |
75,625,692 | Marcelo Sozzani | Marcelo Adrián Sozzani Latrecchiana (born January 15, 1969) is an Argentine footballer who last played as a defender for Unión Tarija.
Sozzani was born on January 15, 1969.
Sozzani played for Peruvian side Alianza, where he was described as "had a not very positive start to the season in La Victoria, yet he "kept rowing it", as they would say in his country, and little by little he got into the hearts of the blue and white fans".
Sozzani mainly operated as a defender and was described as "had a good aerial game that allowed him to clear and be unbeatable in high balls".
After retiring from professional football, Sozzani moved to the United States. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Marcelo Adrián Sozzani Latrecchiana (born January 15, 1969) is an Argentine footballer who last played as a defender for Unión Tarija.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Sozzani was born on January 15, 1969.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Sozzani played for Peruvian side Alianza, where he was described as \"had a not very positive start to the season in La Victoria, yet he \"kept rowing it\", as they would say in his country, and little by little he got into the hearts of the blue and white fans\".",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Sozzani mainly operated as a defender and was described as \"had a good aerial game that allowed him to clear and be unbeatable in high balls\".",
"title": "Style of play"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "After retiring from professional football, Sozzani moved to the United States.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Marcelo Adrián Sozzani Latrecchiana is an Argentine footballer who last played as a defender for Unión Tarija. | 2023-12-22T19:53:39Z | 2023-12-23T02:40:34Z | [
"Template:Short description",
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"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelo_Sozzani |
75,625,694 | Parvoplaca tiroliensis | Parvoplaca tiroliensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae, and the type species of the genus Parvoplaca. It is widely distributed, and has been recorded growing on a variety of substrates, including moss, dead plant material, and bone.
The lichen was formally described as a species new to science in 1903 by the Austrian-Hungarian lichenologist Alexander Zahlbruckner, who initially classified it in the genus Caloplaca. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Parvoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Parvoplaca tirolensis is a muscicolous lichen, characterised by a thallus that tends to be obscured or blend into the moss it grows upon. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) of this species are dispersed and sessile, typically measuring about 0.2 mm in diameter, though they can reach up to 0.3 mm. In its early stages, the disc of the apothecia is flat to slightly concave and has a yellow hue with a greenish tinge. As it matures, the disc turns to an olive colour, retaining a yellowish tinge.
The margin of the apothecia is thick and prominent, initially yellow before becoming more or less the same colour as the disc. The lateral margins, however, often retain a more pronounced yellow colour. The thalline margin of the apothecia is abundant in algae. The proper margin has a fan-shaped structure made of prosoplectenchymatic, conglutinated cells.
The hypothecium of Parvoplaca tirolensis is hyaline and contains oil droplets. The hymenium measures between 70–100 μm and is characterized by medium coarse epipsamma. The paraphyses are slender, measuring 0.5–1 μm, and are sparsely branched at the apex. The upper cells are enlarged, about 4–6 μm thick, and constricted at the septa. The asci of this species typically contain eight spores. The spores themselves are sized 17–19 by 9–12 μm, with a septum measuring 4–4.5 μm.
Athallia saxifragarum is a similar species with which Parvoplaca tirolensis might be confused. The former lichen is distinguished by its somewhat larger (0.4–1.0 mm wide) and more orange-coloured apothecial discs, and smaller ascospores (12–15 by 5–8 µm).
The lichen was reported from Iran in 2022, where it was found growing on the oak tree bark in Mawat. In Greenland, it has been recorded on old bone in addition to plant remains, the latter substrate together with Caloplaca cerina. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Parvoplaca tiroliensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae, and the type species of the genus Parvoplaca. It is widely distributed, and has been recorded growing on a variety of substrates, including moss, dead plant material, and bone.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The lichen was formally described as a species new to science in 1903 by the Austrian-Hungarian lichenologist Alexander Zahlbruckner, who initially classified it in the genus Caloplaca. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Parvoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Parvoplaca tirolensis is a muscicolous lichen, characterised by a thallus that tends to be obscured or blend into the moss it grows upon. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) of this species are dispersed and sessile, typically measuring about 0.2 mm in diameter, though they can reach up to 0.3 mm. In its early stages, the disc of the apothecia is flat to slightly concave and has a yellow hue with a greenish tinge. As it matures, the disc turns to an olive colour, retaining a yellowish tinge.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The margin of the apothecia is thick and prominent, initially yellow before becoming more or less the same colour as the disc. The lateral margins, however, often retain a more pronounced yellow colour. The thalline margin of the apothecia is abundant in algae. The proper margin has a fan-shaped structure made of prosoplectenchymatic, conglutinated cells.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The hypothecium of Parvoplaca tirolensis is hyaline and contains oil droplets. The hymenium measures between 70–100 μm and is characterized by medium coarse epipsamma. The paraphyses are slender, measuring 0.5–1 μm, and are sparsely branched at the apex. The upper cells are enlarged, about 4–6 μm thick, and constricted at the septa. The asci of this species typically contain eight spores. The spores themselves are sized 17–19 by 9–12 μm, with a septum measuring 4–4.5 μm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Athallia saxifragarum is a similar species with which Parvoplaca tirolensis might be confused. The former lichen is distinguished by its somewhat larger (0.4–1.0 mm wide) and more orange-coloured apothecial discs, and smaller ascospores (12–15 by 5–8 µm).",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The lichen was reported from Iran in 2022, where it was found growing on the oak tree bark in Mawat. In Greenland, it has been recorded on old bone in addition to plant remains, the latter substrate together with Caloplaca cerina.",
"title": "Distribution"
}
] | Parvoplaca tiroliensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae, and the type species of the genus Parvoplaca. It is widely distributed, and has been recorded growing on a variety of substrates, including moss, dead plant material, and bone. | 2023-12-22T19:54:07Z | 2023-12-23T11:14:29Z | [
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"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parvoplaca_tiroliensis |
75,625,705 | 1953–54 Michigan State Normal Hurons men's basketball team | The 1953–54 Eastern Michigan Hurons men's basketball team represented Eastern Michigan University, in the 1953–54 NCAA University Division men's basketball season. The team finished with a record of 8–12 and 4–8 in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. Despite their losing record the team ended up winning the IIAC All-Sports Trophy winners. The team was led by first year head coach Robert Holloway. Web Kirksey was the team captain. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1953–54 Eastern Michigan Hurons men's basketball team represented Eastern Michigan University, in the 1953–54 NCAA University Division men's basketball season. The team finished with a record of 8–12 and 4–8 in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. Despite their losing record the team ended up winning the IIAC All-Sports Trophy winners. The team was led by first year head coach Robert Holloway. Web Kirksey was the team captain.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule"
}
] | The 1953–54 Eastern Michigan Hurons men's basketball team represented Eastern Michigan University, in the 1953–54 NCAA University Division men's basketball season. The team finished with a record of 8–12 and 4–8 in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. Despite their losing record the team ended up winning the IIAC All-Sports Trophy winners. The team was led by first year head coach Robert Holloway. Web Kirksey was the team captain. | 2023-12-22T19:55:47Z | 2023-12-23T00:11:39Z | [
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"Template:Use mdy dates"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953%E2%80%9354_Michigan_State_Normal_Hurons_men%27s_basketball_team |
75,625,713 | Nathaniel Bond (born 1754) | Nathaniel Bond (1 November 1754 – 8 October 1823) was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nathaniel Bond (1 November 1754 – 8 October 1823) was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle.",
"title": ""
}
] | Nathaniel Bond was an English politician who was Member of Parliament for Corfe Castle. | 2023-12-22T19:56:49Z | 2023-12-23T05:52:10Z | [
"Template:Infobox officeholder",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:UK-MP-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Bond_(born_1754) |
75,625,717 | Henrich Suhm | Henrich von Suhm (5 October 1693 - 14 January 1744) was a Danish naval officer and colonial administrator. He served as governor of the Danish Gold Coast from 1724 to 1727 and then as Governor of St. Thomas and St. John in the Danish West Indies from 1727 to 1733.
Suhm was the son of gehejmeraad Burchard von Suhm and Gesilla von Bruggemann. He was the nephew of admiral Ulrich Frederik Suhm.
Suhm became a cadet in 1700, a junior lieutenant in 1714, a senior lieutenant in 1719 and captain lieutenant in 1723. On 3 December 1723, he was appointed Governor of the Danish Gold Coast. On 27 April 1724, he arrived to the Danish Gold Coast on board the frigate Haabets Galej. Christiansborg Fortress was refurbished during his years as governor. The Ada Lodge (Ada-Logen) atRio Volta was also established.
On 6 March 1727, he was appointed as governor (vice commandant) of St. Thomas and St. John in the Danish West Indies. On 6 March 1727, he departed from the Danish Gold Coast on board Haabets Galej, The ship carried a cargo of enslaved Africans of whom 217 were alive at the arrival at Saint Thomas (14 May 1727).
Suhm bought plantation No. 74 in the Coral Bay Quarter on St. John. The land was first planted in 1728. It was free of taxes until 1735.
On 21 February 1733, he was succeeded by g Phillip Gardeli as governor of the islands.n
On 21 February 1733, he was married to Anna Cathrine Frørup. After the death of his first wife, he married on 31 July 1739. to Sophie Elisabeth Holm (née Benzon, 1705–1769) ). She was the daughter of renteskriver Peter Benzon and his wife Elisabeth. Her first husband was court painter Fr. Chr. Holm- She was after Suhm's death third time married to admiral Michael Tønder (1747).
Suhm died on 14 January 1744 in Copenhagen. His funeral took place on 22 January in St. Nicolas' Church. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Henrich von Suhm (5 October 1693 - 14 January 1744) was a Danish naval officer and colonial administrator. He served as governor of the Danish Gold Coast from 1724 to 1727 and then as Governor of St. Thomas and St. John in the Danish West Indies from 1727 to 1733.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Suhm was the son of gehejmeraad Burchard von Suhm and Gesilla von Bruggemann. He was the nephew of admiral Ulrich Frederik Suhm.",
"title": "Early life and background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Suhm became a cadet in 1700, a junior lieutenant in 1714, a senior lieutenant in 1719 and captain lieutenant in 1723. On 3 December 1723, he was appointed Governor of the Danish Gold Coast. On 27 April 1724, he arrived to the Danish Gold Coast on board the frigate Haabets Galej. Christiansborg Fortress was refurbished during his years as governor. The Ada Lodge (Ada-Logen) atRio Volta was also established.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On 6 March 1727, he was appointed as governor (vice commandant) of St. Thomas and St. John in the Danish West Indies. On 6 March 1727, he departed from the Danish Gold Coast on board Haabets Galej, The ship carried a cargo of enslaved Africans of whom 217 were alive at the arrival at Saint Thomas (14 May 1727).",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Suhm bought plantation No. 74 in the Coral Bay Quarter on St. John. The land was first planted in 1728. It was free of taxes until 1735.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On 21 February 1733, he was succeeded by g Phillip Gardeli as governor of the islands.n",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On 21 February 1733, he was married to Anna Cathrine Frørup. After the death of his first wife, he married on 31 July 1739. to Sophie Elisabeth Holm (née Benzon, 1705–1769) ). She was the daughter of renteskriver Peter Benzon and his wife Elisabeth. Her first husband was court painter Fr. Chr. Holm- She was after Suhm's death third time married to admiral Michael Tønder (1747).",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Suhm died on 14 January 1744 in Copenhagen. His funeral took place on 22 January in St. Nicolas' Church.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Henrich von Suhm was a Danish naval officer and colonial administrator. He served as governor of the Danish Gold Coast from 1724 to 1727 and then as Governor of St. Thomas and St. John in the Danish West Indies from 1727 to 1733. | 2023-12-22T19:57:13Z | 2023-12-29T11:44:41Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrich_Suhm |
75,625,725 | Myzostoma divisor | Myzostoma divisor is a species of parasitic marine polychaete in the family Myzostomida.
M. divisor is a free-living, ectocommensal parasite of various comatulid feather stars, including Promachocrinus kerguelensis and Notocrinus mortenseni, and shows little host specificity. It is found in Antartic waters, ranging from the Ross Sea to South Georgia, having been found at 49–567 m of depth.
The body is yellowish-brown, with a diameter of about 2 millimetres (0.079 in). It is disk-shaped, surrounded by nine pairs of marginal cirri of equal sizes. The underside bears five evenly-spaced pairs of parapodia around two-thirds of the way to the outside of the disk, bearing long and slender parapodial hooks. A pair of caudal processes is present at the posterior end on each side of the cloacal opening, reaching up to 1.75 times the length of the body, and themselves ending in a pair of terminal cirri. The caudal processe are often of unequal lengths, and are either cylindrical or flattened dorsoventrally.
The specific epithet divisor comes from the similarity of the body's prominent caudal processes to a pair of divisors.
Myzostoma divisor is part of the species-rich genus Myzostoma, along with more than 150 other species, all parasites of various crinoids. Its closest relative is M. josefinae, from which it is distinguished by having marginal cirri of equal length. Beyond this, they are related to M. filicauda and M. tentaculatum, also characterized by elongated caudal appendages. While M. bicaudatum and M. filiferum also possess similar appendages, the presence of 20 marginal cirri instead of 18 in these species, and the lack of terminal cirri on the caudal processes of M. bicaudatum, make them less likely relatives. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Myzostoma divisor is a species of parasitic marine polychaete in the family Myzostomida.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "M. divisor is a free-living, ectocommensal parasite of various comatulid feather stars, including Promachocrinus kerguelensis and Notocrinus mortenseni, and shows little host specificity. It is found in Antartic waters, ranging from the Ross Sea to South Georgia, having been found at 49–567 m of depth.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The body is yellowish-brown, with a diameter of about 2 millimetres (0.079 in). It is disk-shaped, surrounded by nine pairs of marginal cirri of equal sizes. The underside bears five evenly-spaced pairs of parapodia around two-thirds of the way to the outside of the disk, bearing long and slender parapodial hooks. A pair of caudal processes is present at the posterior end on each side of the cloacal opening, reaching up to 1.75 times the length of the body, and themselves ending in a pair of terminal cirri. The caudal processe are often of unequal lengths, and are either cylindrical or flattened dorsoventrally.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The specific epithet divisor comes from the similarity of the body's prominent caudal processes to a pair of divisors.",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Myzostoma divisor is part of the species-rich genus Myzostoma, along with more than 150 other species, all parasites of various crinoids. Its closest relative is M. josefinae, from which it is distinguished by having marginal cirri of equal length. Beyond this, they are related to M. filicauda and M. tentaculatum, also characterized by elongated caudal appendages. While M. bicaudatum and M. filiferum also possess similar appendages, the presence of 20 marginal cirri instead of 18 in these species, and the lack of terminal cirri on the caudal processes of M. bicaudatum, make them less likely relatives.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
}
] | Myzostoma divisor is a species of parasitic marine polychaete in the family Myzostomida. | 2023-12-22T19:59:59Z | 2023-12-22T22:27:42Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myzostoma_divisor |
75,625,731 | Flossie (cat) | Flossie (born 29 December 1995) is a British domestic cat who has been recognized by Guinness World Records as the oldest verified cat currently alive. Flossie currently lives in Orpington, United Kingdom, with her current owner Vicki Green.
Flossie was born in December of 1995. Initially, as a kitten, she lived in a feral cat colony close to St Helens Hospital, Merseyside. Several staff who worked at the hospital adopted the kittens of the feral cat colony, including Flossie. Flossie lived with her first owner for ten years, until they passed away. Flossie was then adopted by her second owner, who was the first owner's sister. She lived with her second owner for 14 years until her second owner passed away.
Her third owner, who was the second owner's son, decided to adopt her. However, the third owner after three years had to give up Flossie due to not being able to support the welfare of Flossie, who was taken in by Cats Protection.
Flossie, now aged 26, was adopted by Vicki Green who lived in Orpington. Green had previous experience looking after senior cats. By now, due to Flossie's advanced aged she was deaf and had limited eyesight. Upon moving in with Green, she was disorientated due to her advanced ailments, but started to settle down after a brief period of time and became comfortable living with her new owner, Green. Flossie remains playful and curious despite her age, according to Green.
Just before Flossie's 27th birthday, Guinness World Records officially recognized Flossie as the oldest living cat, becoming an official Guinness World Records title holder. Flossie comes second to the oldest verified cat to have ever lived, Creme Puff, who lived to the age of 38 years. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Flossie (born 29 December 1995) is a British domestic cat who has been recognized by Guinness World Records as the oldest verified cat currently alive. Flossie currently lives in Orpington, United Kingdom, with her current owner Vicki Green.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Flossie was born in December of 1995. Initially, as a kitten, she lived in a feral cat colony close to St Helens Hospital, Merseyside. Several staff who worked at the hospital adopted the kittens of the feral cat colony, including Flossie. Flossie lived with her first owner for ten years, until they passed away. Flossie was then adopted by her second owner, who was the first owner's sister. She lived with her second owner for 14 years until her second owner passed away.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Her third owner, who was the second owner's son, decided to adopt her. However, the third owner after three years had to give up Flossie due to not being able to support the welfare of Flossie, who was taken in by Cats Protection.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Flossie, now aged 26, was adopted by Vicki Green who lived in Orpington. Green had previous experience looking after senior cats. By now, due to Flossie's advanced aged she was deaf and had limited eyesight. Upon moving in with Green, she was disorientated due to her advanced ailments, but started to settle down after a brief period of time and became comfortable living with her new owner, Green. Flossie remains playful and curious despite her age, according to Green.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Just before Flossie's 27th birthday, Guinness World Records officially recognized Flossie as the oldest living cat, becoming an official Guinness World Records title holder. Flossie comes second to the oldest verified cat to have ever lived, Creme Puff, who lived to the age of 38 years.",
"title": "Life"
}
] | Flossie is a British domestic cat who has been recognized by Guinness World Records as the oldest verified cat currently alive. Flossie currently lives in Orpington, United Kingdom, with her current owner Vicki Green. | 2023-12-22T20:01:04Z | 2023-12-28T00:30:40Z | [
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Infobox animal",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flossie_(cat) |
75,625,740 | Gunka no Baltzar | Gunka no Baltzar (軍靴のバルツァー, Gunka no Barutsuā) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Michitsune Nakajima. It began serialization in Shinchosha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Bunch magazine in January 2011. It was later transferred to Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine in August 2022.
Written and illustrated by Michitsune Nakajima, Gunka no Baltzar was serialized in Shinchosha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Bunch from January 21, 2011 to August 19, 2021. It later began serialization on Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine on August 9, 2022. The series chapters have been collected into seventeen tankōbon volumes as of December 2023.
A spin-off manga written and illustrated by Kyōichi, titled Gunka no Baltzar: Ginkai no Jurij, was serialized on Shinchosha's Kurage Bunch manga website from April 20, 2021 to May 10, 2022. Its chapters were collected in two volumes.
The series had 1 million copies in circulation as of June 2022.
The series was ranked tenth in the Nationwide Bookstore Employees' Recommended Comics of 2013. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Gunka no Baltzar (軍靴のバルツァー, Gunka no Barutsuā) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Michitsune Nakajima. It began serialization in Shinchosha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Bunch magazine in January 2011. It was later transferred to Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine in August 2022.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Written and illustrated by Michitsune Nakajima, Gunka no Baltzar was serialized in Shinchosha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Bunch from January 21, 2011 to August 19, 2021. It later began serialization on Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine on August 9, 2022. The series chapters have been collected into seventeen tankōbon volumes as of December 2023.",
"title": "Publication"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A spin-off manga written and illustrated by Kyōichi, titled Gunka no Baltzar: Ginkai no Jurij, was serialized on Shinchosha's Kurage Bunch manga website from April 20, 2021 to May 10, 2022. Its chapters were collected in two volumes.",
"title": "Publication"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The series had 1 million copies in circulation as of June 2022.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The series was ranked tenth in the Nationwide Bookstore Employees' Recommended Comics of 2013.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Gunka no Baltzar is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Michitsune Nakajima. It began serialization in Shinchosha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Bunch magazine in January 2011. It was later transferred to Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine in August 2022. | 2023-12-22T20:03:07Z | 2023-12-26T20:11:43Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunka_no_Baltzar |
75,625,764 | 2024 Canadian Open (curling) | The 2024 Co-op Canadian Open will be held from January 16 to 21 at the Servus Arena in Red Deer, Alberta. It will be the fourth Grand Slam event and third major of the 2023–24 curling season.
The event was held in a round robin format for the first time since 2013.
The top 15 ranked men's and women's teams on the World Curling Federation's world team rankings as of December 18, 2023, qualified for the event. The Grand Slam of Curling may fill one spot in each division as a sponsor's exemption. In the event that a team declines their invitation, the next-ranked team on the world team ranking is invited until the field is complete. The sixteenth spots were filled by the 2023 Tour Challenge Tier 2 champions.
Top world team ranking men's teams:
Tour Challenge Tier 2 champion:
Top world team ranking women's teams:
Tour Challenge Tier 2 champion:
Sponsor's Exemption:
The teams are listed as follows:
All draw times are listed in Mountain Time (UTC−07:00).
Tuesday, January 16, 8:00 am
Tuesday, January 16, 3:00 pm
Wednesday, January 17, 12:00 pm
Wednesday, January 17, 8:00 pm
Thursday, January 18, 12:00 pm
Thursday, January 18, 8:00 pm
Friday, January 19, 8:30 am
Friday, January 19, 4:00 pm
Saturday, January 20, 12:00 pm
Saturday, January 20, 8:00 pm
Sunday, January 21, 10:30 am
The teams are listed as follows:
All draw times are listed in Mountain Time (UTC−07:00).
Tuesday, January 16, 11:30 am
Tuesday, January 16, 6:30 pm
Wednesday, January 17, 8:30 am
Wednesday, January 17, 4:00 pm
Thursday, January 18, 8:30 am
Thursday, January 18, 4:00 pm
Friday, January 19, 12:00 pm
Friday, January 19, 8:00 pm
Saturday, January 20, 4:00 pm
Saturday, January 20, 8:00 pm
Sunday, January 21, 3:00 pm | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 Co-op Canadian Open will be held from January 16 to 21 at the Servus Arena in Red Deer, Alberta. It will be the fourth Grand Slam event and third major of the 2023–24 curling season.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The event was held in a round robin format for the first time since 2013.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The top 15 ranked men's and women's teams on the World Curling Federation's world team rankings as of December 18, 2023, qualified for the event. The Grand Slam of Curling may fill one spot in each division as a sponsor's exemption. In the event that a team declines their invitation, the next-ranked team on the world team ranking is invited until the field is complete. The sixteenth spots were filled by the 2023 Tour Challenge Tier 2 champions.",
"title": "Qualification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Top world team ranking men's teams:",
"title": "Qualification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Tour Challenge Tier 2 champion:",
"title": "Qualification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Top world team ranking women's teams:",
"title": "Qualification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Tour Challenge Tier 2 champion:",
"title": "Qualification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Sponsor's Exemption:",
"title": "Qualification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The teams are listed as follows:",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "All draw times are listed in Mountain Time (UTC−07:00).",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Tuesday, January 16, 8:00 am",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Tuesday, January 16, 3:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Wednesday, January 17, 12:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Wednesday, January 17, 8:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Thursday, January 18, 12:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Thursday, January 18, 8:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Friday, January 19, 8:30 am",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Friday, January 19, 4:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Saturday, January 20, 12:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "Saturday, January 20, 8:00 pm",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "Sunday, January 21, 10:30 am",
"title": "Men"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "The teams are listed as follows:",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "All draw times are listed in Mountain Time (UTC−07:00).",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "Tuesday, January 16, 11:30 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "Tuesday, January 16, 6:30 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "Wednesday, January 17, 8:30 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "Wednesday, January 17, 4:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "Thursday, January 18, 8:30 am",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "Thursday, January 18, 4:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "Friday, January 19, 12:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "Friday, January 19, 8:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "Saturday, January 20, 4:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "Saturday, January 20, 8:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 33,
"text": "Sunday, January 21, 3:00 pm",
"title": "Women"
}
] | The 2024 Co-op Canadian Open will be held from January 16 to 21 at the Servus Arena in Red Deer, Alberta. It will be the fourth Grand Slam event and third major of the 2023–24 curling season. The event was held in a round robin format for the first time since 2013. | 2023-12-22T20:06:16Z | 2023-12-22T20:24:59Z | [
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75,625,794 | Molly Kehoe | Molly Kehoe (born August 10, 2004) is a Caymanian footballer who plays as a striker for Cardiff City.
Kehoe attended Darlington School in the United States.
Kehoe played for Welsh side Cardiff City, where he was regarded as one of the club's most important players.
Kehoe mainly operates as a striker and has been described as a "goal-scoring machine".
Kehoe has a brother. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Molly Kehoe (born August 10, 2004) is a Caymanian footballer who plays as a striker for Cardiff City.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Kehoe attended Darlington School in the United States.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Kehoe played for Welsh side Cardiff City, where he was regarded as one of the club's most important players.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Kehoe mainly operates as a striker and has been described as a \"goal-scoring machine\".",
"title": "Style of play"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Kehoe has a brother.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Molly Kehoe is a Caymanian footballer who plays as a striker for Cardiff City. | 2023-12-22T20:12:34Z | 2023-12-23T04:06:08Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molly_Kehoe |
75,625,809 | Rathmines Town Hall | Rathmines Town Hall (Irish: Halla an Bhaile Ráth Maonais) is a municipal building in Rathmines Road Lower, Rathmines, Dublin, Ireland. The building currently accommodates Rathmines College of Further Education.
After significant population growth, largely associated with its development as a residential suburb of Dublin, the township of Rathmines appointed town commissioners in 1847. The town commissioners established their first town hall at 71 Rathmines Road but, after other townships in Dublin erected their own town halls, the Rathmines town commissioners decided to erect a more substantial building on the same site.
The new building was designed by Sir Thomas Drew in the Baroque style, built by John Good in red sandstone and brick and was officially opened in 1896. The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage of four bays facing onto Rathmines Road Lower. The right-hand bay featured a round headed opening with an ornate archivolt and a keystone carved with a human face. There was a semi-circular oriel window on the first floor, surmounted by a segmental pediment. Above and behind, there was a three-stage tower with lancet windows in the first stage, clock faces in the second stage and arcades in the third stage, all surmounted by an ogee-shaped dome and a weather vane. The left hand section of three bays was fenestrated by cross-windows on both floors. There were panels with carvings of swags above the first floor windows, which were flanked by Ionic order pilasters supporting an entablature and a modillioned cornice. Above the left-hand section there was a large triangular pediment, with a tripartite mullioned and transomed window, surmounted by a date stone, in the tympanum. The clock in the tower was made by Chancellor and Son of Bachelors Walk, but it was unreliable and the time shown on the different faces were inconsistent, so the clock became known as the "four-faced liar". Internally, the principal rooms were the council chamber and a large concert hall, with a gallery and a stage, capable of accommodating 2,000 people seated. The interior decoration was undertaken by Carlo Cambi of Siena.
The town hall became an important venue for public events: a performance of the oratorio, The Messiah, by George Frideric Handel, took place there in 1897. In 1899, the town commissioners were replaced by an urban district council, with the town hall becoming the offices of the new council. The new urban district council met for the first time in the town hall in January 1899. The engineer, Guglielmo Marconi, demonstrated his new wireless telegraphy system there later in 1899.
The entertainer, Percy French, gave several performances there in the early 20th century. Following an incident when the suffragette, Marguerite Palmer, heckled the Unionist politician, Edward Carson, when he addressed a meeting in the town hall, Palmer was arrested and featured on the front cover of The Irish Citizen on 22 June 1912, with Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington and the Murphy sisters, under the headline "Prisoners for Liberty". The building was secured by troops of the British Army under the command of Major Sir Francis Fletcher-Vane during the Easter Rising, but Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington's husband, Francis, was unlawfully executed during the fighting.
At a special Ard Fheis of Sinn Féin held in the town hall in March 1926, Éamon de Valera resigned from the party after the defeat of his proposal that elected members be allowed to take their seats in the Dáil Éireann once the controversial Oath of Allegiance was removed. He went on to establish his own party, Fianna Fáil, two months later. In the late 1920s, comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan were an annual event there with Trial by Jury in 1927, H.M.S. Pinafore in 1928 and both Cox and Box and The Pirates of Penzance in 1930.
The building ceased to be the local seat of government in 1930 when Rathmines was annexed by Dublin in accordance with the Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930. A convention of the Republican Congress was held in the building in September 1934, and a convention of the National Corporate Party was held there in July 1936. In May 1945, the future President of Ireland, Erskine Hamilton Childers, attended the town hall to deliver a speech to the Irish Red Cross Society arguing that the destiny of Ireland was "inextricably linked with that of Europe". During the 1973 general election, Liam Cosgrave gave a speech in the town hall announcing proposals for extra expenditure on social reforms: his party won the election, and he became Taoiseach.
The building became the home of Rathmines College of Further Education in 1980. An extensive programme of alterations, involving the installation of false ceilings into the concert hall to create classrooms, was carried out at that time. In 2018, several councillors on the South East Area Subcommittee of Dublin City Council advocated bringing the concert hall back into use when the lease to the college expires in 2032. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rathmines Town Hall (Irish: Halla an Bhaile Ráth Maonais) is a municipal building in Rathmines Road Lower, Rathmines, Dublin, Ireland. The building currently accommodates Rathmines College of Further Education.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "After significant population growth, largely associated with its development as a residential suburb of Dublin, the township of Rathmines appointed town commissioners in 1847. The town commissioners established their first town hall at 71 Rathmines Road but, after other townships in Dublin erected their own town halls, the Rathmines town commissioners decided to erect a more substantial building on the same site.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The new building was designed by Sir Thomas Drew in the Baroque style, built by John Good in red sandstone and brick and was officially opened in 1896. The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage of four bays facing onto Rathmines Road Lower. The right-hand bay featured a round headed opening with an ornate archivolt and a keystone carved with a human face. There was a semi-circular oriel window on the first floor, surmounted by a segmental pediment. Above and behind, there was a three-stage tower with lancet windows in the first stage, clock faces in the second stage and arcades in the third stage, all surmounted by an ogee-shaped dome and a weather vane. The left hand section of three bays was fenestrated by cross-windows on both floors. There were panels with carvings of swags above the first floor windows, which were flanked by Ionic order pilasters supporting an entablature and a modillioned cornice. Above the left-hand section there was a large triangular pediment, with a tripartite mullioned and transomed window, surmounted by a date stone, in the tympanum. The clock in the tower was made by Chancellor and Son of Bachelors Walk, but it was unreliable and the time shown on the different faces were inconsistent, so the clock became known as the \"four-faced liar\". Internally, the principal rooms were the council chamber and a large concert hall, with a gallery and a stage, capable of accommodating 2,000 people seated. The interior decoration was undertaken by Carlo Cambi of Siena.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The town hall became an important venue for public events: a performance of the oratorio, The Messiah, by George Frideric Handel, took place there in 1897. In 1899, the town commissioners were replaced by an urban district council, with the town hall becoming the offices of the new council. The new urban district council met for the first time in the town hall in January 1899. The engineer, Guglielmo Marconi, demonstrated his new wireless telegraphy system there later in 1899.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The entertainer, Percy French, gave several performances there in the early 20th century. Following an incident when the suffragette, Marguerite Palmer, heckled the Unionist politician, Edward Carson, when he addressed a meeting in the town hall, Palmer was arrested and featured on the front cover of The Irish Citizen on 22 June 1912, with Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington and the Murphy sisters, under the headline \"Prisoners for Liberty\". The building was secured by troops of the British Army under the command of Major Sir Francis Fletcher-Vane during the Easter Rising, but Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington's husband, Francis, was unlawfully executed during the fighting.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "At a special Ard Fheis of Sinn Féin held in the town hall in March 1926, Éamon de Valera resigned from the party after the defeat of his proposal that elected members be allowed to take their seats in the Dáil Éireann once the controversial Oath of Allegiance was removed. He went on to establish his own party, Fianna Fáil, two months later. In the late 1920s, comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan were an annual event there with Trial by Jury in 1927, H.M.S. Pinafore in 1928 and both Cox and Box and The Pirates of Penzance in 1930.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The building ceased to be the local seat of government in 1930 when Rathmines was annexed by Dublin in accordance with the Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930. A convention of the Republican Congress was held in the building in September 1934, and a convention of the National Corporate Party was held there in July 1936. In May 1945, the future President of Ireland, Erskine Hamilton Childers, attended the town hall to deliver a speech to the Irish Red Cross Society arguing that the destiny of Ireland was \"inextricably linked with that of Europe\". During the 1973 general election, Liam Cosgrave gave a speech in the town hall announcing proposals for extra expenditure on social reforms: his party won the election, and he became Taoiseach.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The building became the home of Rathmines College of Further Education in 1980. An extensive programme of alterations, involving the installation of false ceilings into the concert hall to create classrooms, was carried out at that time. In 2018, several councillors on the South East Area Subcommittee of Dublin City Council advocated bringing the concert hall back into use when the lease to the college expires in 2032.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Rathmines Town Hall is a municipal building in Rathmines Road Lower, Rathmines, Dublin, Ireland. The building currently accommodates Rathmines College of Further Education. | 2023-12-22T20:15:57Z | 2023-12-24T18:23:17Z | [
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75,625,834 | Tavon Rooks | Tavon Rooks (born May 10, 1990) is a former American football offensive tackle. He played college football at the College of the Canyons, Navarro College, and Kansas State, and was drafted by the New Orleans Saints in the sixth round of the 2014 NFL Draft. Rooks was also a member of the Arizona Cardinals and the Kansas City Chiefs.
Tavon Rooks was born on May 10, 1990. Rooks attended Woodlawn High School in Baltimore County, Maryland, where he played football.
Rooks first chose to attend the College of the Canyons in Santa Clarita, California to play football there, but transferred after one year. He then played football at Navarro College in Corsicana, Texas, where he helped lead them to a national championship and a top-five ranking. Once again, Rooks only stayed for one year, as after the 2011 season he transferred to Kansas State University. While playing at Kansas State, Rooks started ten out of thirteen games his junior year and all thirteen games his senior year to end his college career.
After his time at Kansas State, Rooks was drafted with the 202nd pick in the 6th round of the 2014 NFL Draft by the New Orleans Saints. However, Rooks did not make the active roster and was instead signed to the Saints' practice squad for most of the 2014 season.
Near the end of the 2014 season, Rooks was signed off of the Saints' practice squad by the Arizona Cardinals and signed a reserve/future contract with the team. Rooks was cut before the 2015 regular season in June.
Later in June of 2015, Rooks was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs. In August 2015, it was revealed that Rooks had suffered a heart attack during a practice that month. Rooks was placed on medical IR, and later released by the Chiefs. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Tavon Rooks (born May 10, 1990) is a former American football offensive tackle. He played college football at the College of the Canyons, Navarro College, and Kansas State, and was drafted by the New Orleans Saints in the sixth round of the 2014 NFL Draft. Rooks was also a member of the Arizona Cardinals and the Kansas City Chiefs.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Tavon Rooks was born on May 10, 1990. Rooks attended Woodlawn High School in Baltimore County, Maryland, where he played football.",
"title": "Personal life and high school"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Rooks first chose to attend the College of the Canyons in Santa Clarita, California to play football there, but transferred after one year. He then played football at Navarro College in Corsicana, Texas, where he helped lead them to a national championship and a top-five ranking. Once again, Rooks only stayed for one year, as after the 2011 season he transferred to Kansas State University. While playing at Kansas State, Rooks started ten out of thirteen games his junior year and all thirteen games his senior year to end his college career.",
"title": "College career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After his time at Kansas State, Rooks was drafted with the 202nd pick in the 6th round of the 2014 NFL Draft by the New Orleans Saints. However, Rooks did not make the active roster and was instead signed to the Saints' practice squad for most of the 2014 season.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Near the end of the 2014 season, Rooks was signed off of the Saints' practice squad by the Arizona Cardinals and signed a reserve/future contract with the team. Rooks was cut before the 2015 regular season in June.",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Later in June of 2015, Rooks was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs. In August 2015, it was revealed that Rooks had suffered a heart attack during a practice that month. Rooks was placed on medical IR, and later released by the Chiefs.",
"title": "Professional career"
}
] | Tavon Rooks is a former American football offensive tackle. He played college football at the College of the Canyons, Navarro College, and Kansas State, and was drafted by the New Orleans Saints in the sixth round of the 2014 NFL Draft. Rooks was also a member of the Arizona Cardinals and the Kansas City Chiefs. | 2023-12-22T20:18:59Z | 2023-12-28T14:58:20Z | [
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75,625,836 | Brändli | Brändli or Braendli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Brändli or Braendli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Brändli or Braendli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Andrea Brändli, Swiss ice hockey player
Christoffel Brändli, Swiss politician
Heinrich Brändli (1938–2018), Swiss engineer and professor
Paul Braendli, Swiss intellectual property administrator | 2023-12-22T20:19:12Z | 2023-12-22T20:19:12Z | [
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75,625,845 | William C. Allen | Sir William Clifford Allen was a politician and central banker from The Bahamas.
Allen was born in 1937. He had a bachelor's degree in accounting from New York University and a master of science degree in international finance from Baruch College.
Allen was appointed as deputy governor of the Central Bank of the Bahamas in 1974. He was the governor of the Central Bank of the Bahamas from 1980 to 1987.
Allen was appointed into the Senate of The Bahamas in 1992 as a government senator. In the elections of 1994 he was elected to the Bahamas House of Assembly. He was appointed minister of finance from 1995 to 2002.
Allen died on 6 January 2021 in his home in New Providence.
In 2000, he was made a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sir William Clifford Allen was a politician and central banker from The Bahamas.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Allen was born in 1937. He had a bachelor's degree in accounting from New York University and a master of science degree in international finance from Baruch College.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Allen was appointed as deputy governor of the Central Bank of the Bahamas in 1974. He was the governor of the Central Bank of the Bahamas from 1980 to 1987.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Allen was appointed into the Senate of The Bahamas in 1992 as a government senator. In the elections of 1994 he was elected to the Bahamas House of Assembly. He was appointed minister of finance from 1995 to 2002.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Allen died on 6 January 2021 in his home in New Providence.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 2000, he was made a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG).",
"title": ""
}
] | Sir William Clifford Allen was a politician and central banker from The Bahamas. Allen was born in 1937. He had a bachelor's degree in accounting from New York University and a master of science degree in international finance from Baruch College. Allen was appointed as deputy governor of the Central Bank of the Bahamas in 1974. He was the governor of the Central Bank of the Bahamas from 1980 to 1987. Allen was appointed into the Senate of The Bahamas in 1992 as a government senator. In the elections of 1994 he was elected to the Bahamas House of Assembly. He was appointed minister of finance from 1995 to 2002. Allen died on 6 January 2021 in his home in New Providence. In 2000, he was made a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG). | 2023-12-22T20:20:31Z | 2023-12-23T11:18:19Z | [
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75,625,867 | 1986 TranSouth 500 | The 1986 TranSouth 500 was the sixth stock car race of the 1986 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, April 13, 1986, in Darlington, South Carolina, at Darlington Raceway, a 1.366 miles (2.198 km) permanent egg-shaped oval racetrack. The race took the scheduled 367 laps to complete.
In a race of attrition, Richard Childress Racing's Dale Earnhardt managed to fend off Junior Johnson & Associates' Darrell Waltrip on the final restart with two laps left, completing a dominant performance where he led 335 of the total 367 laps. The victory was Earnhardt's 16th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, the aforementioned Waltrip and Stavola Brothers Racing's Bobby Allison finished second and third, respectively.
Darlington Raceway is a race track built for NASCAR racing located near Darlington, South Carolina. It is nicknamed "The Lady in Black" and "The Track Too Tough to Tame" by many NASCAR fans and drivers and advertised as "A NASCAR Tradition." It is of a unique, somewhat egg-shaped design, an oval with the ends of very different configurations, a condition which supposedly arose from the proximity of one end of the track to a minnow pond the owner refused to relocate. This situation makes it very challenging for the crews to set up their cars' handling in a way that is effective at both ends.
Qualifying was split into two rounds. The first round was held on Thursday, April 10, at 3:00 PM EST. Each driver had one lap to set a time. During the first round, the top 20 drivers in the round were guaranteed a starting spot in the race. If a driver was not able to guarantee a spot in the first round, they had the option to scrub their time from the first round and try and run a faster lap time in a second round qualifying run, held on Friday, April 11, at 2:00 PM EST. As with the first round, each driver had one lap to set a time. For this specific race, positions 21-40 were decided on time, and depending on who needed it, a select amount of positions were given to cars who had not otherwise qualified but were high enough in owner's points; up to two were given.
Geoff Bodine, driving for Hendrick Motorsports, won the pole, setting a time of 30.890 and an average speed of 159.197 miles per hour (256.203 km/h) in the first round.
Five drivers failed to qualify. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1986 TranSouth 500 was the sixth stock car race of the 1986 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, April 13, 1986, in Darlington, South Carolina, at Darlington Raceway, a 1.366 miles (2.198 km) permanent egg-shaped oval racetrack. The race took the scheduled 367 laps to complete.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In a race of attrition, Richard Childress Racing's Dale Earnhardt managed to fend off Junior Johnson & Associates' Darrell Waltrip on the final restart with two laps left, completing a dominant performance where he led 335 of the total 367 laps. The victory was Earnhardt's 16th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, the aforementioned Waltrip and Stavola Brothers Racing's Bobby Allison finished second and third, respectively.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Darlington Raceway is a race track built for NASCAR racing located near Darlington, South Carolina. It is nicknamed \"The Lady in Black\" and \"The Track Too Tough to Tame\" by many NASCAR fans and drivers and advertised as \"A NASCAR Tradition.\" It is of a unique, somewhat egg-shaped design, an oval with the ends of very different configurations, a condition which supposedly arose from the proximity of one end of the track to a minnow pond the owner refused to relocate. This situation makes it very challenging for the crews to set up their cars' handling in a way that is effective at both ends.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Qualifying was split into two rounds. The first round was held on Thursday, April 10, at 3:00 PM EST. Each driver had one lap to set a time. During the first round, the top 20 drivers in the round were guaranteed a starting spot in the race. If a driver was not able to guarantee a spot in the first round, they had the option to scrub their time from the first round and try and run a faster lap time in a second round qualifying run, held on Friday, April 11, at 2:00 PM EST. As with the first round, each driver had one lap to set a time. For this specific race, positions 21-40 were decided on time, and depending on who needed it, a select amount of positions were given to cars who had not otherwise qualified but were high enough in owner's points; up to two were given.",
"title": "Qualifying"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Geoff Bodine, driving for Hendrick Motorsports, won the pole, setting a time of 30.890 and an average speed of 159.197 miles per hour (256.203 km/h) in the first round.",
"title": "Qualifying"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Five drivers failed to qualify.",
"title": "Qualifying"
}
] | The 1986 TranSouth 500 was the sixth stock car race of the 1986 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, April 13, 1986, in Darlington, South Carolina, at Darlington Raceway, a 1.366 miles (2.198 km) permanent egg-shaped oval racetrack. The race took the scheduled 367 laps to complete. In a race of attrition, Richard Childress Racing's Dale Earnhardt managed to fend off Junior Johnson & Associates' Darrell Waltrip on the final restart with two laps left, completing a dominant performance where he led 335 of the total 367 laps. The victory was Earnhardt's 16th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, the aforementioned Waltrip and Stavola Brothers Racing's Bobby Allison finished second and third, respectively. | 2023-12-22T20:25:43Z | 2024-01-01T00:36:45Z | [
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75,625,871 | Corey Walkes | Corey Walkes (born 2001 in Bath) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.
He won three bronze medals at the at the World Trampoline Gymnastics Championships between the years 2021 to 2023.
Walkes lives in Bridgwater. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Corey Walkes (born 2001 in Bath) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He won three bronze medals at the at the World Trampoline Gymnastics Championships between the years 2021 to 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Walkes lives in Bridgwater.",
"title": ""
}
] | Corey Walkes is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won three bronze medals at the at the World Trampoline Gymnastics Championships between the years 2021 to 2023. Walkes lives in Bridgwater. | 2023-12-22T20:26:02Z | 2023-12-22T22:04:49Z | [
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75,625,900 | Veronika Rabl | Veronika Ariana Rabl (born 1945) is a Czechoslovakian-American energy expert, a leader in the development of residential demand response modeling, smart buildings, and the integration of renewable energy into transportation and power distribution systems. After working at the Electric Power Research Institute, she is an independent consultant to the energy industry.
Rabl was born on December 16, 1945, in Michalovce, now part of Slovakia. Her parents survived the holocaust by hiding in the mountains, but most of the rest of her family were killed, and her father, an engineer, died when she was ten. In the summer of 1968, while studying nuclear engineering at Charles University in Prague, she traveled to Israel to visit a cousin. She became a refugee after the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia ended the Prague Spring during her visit. Despite not having finished her undergraduate degree, she was accepted to a master's program in physics at the Weizmann Institute of Science. After earning her master's degree in 1971, she moved to the University of Bonn with her new husband (a postdoctoral researcher at the Weizmann Institute) and completed a Ph.D. at Ohio State University in 1974.
After postdoctoral research at Syracuse University, Rabl became a researcher at the Argonne National Laboratory, shifting her focus there from physics to power engineering. She worked at the Electric Power Research Institute from 1981 until 2000, becoming its General Manager and Director. She has also chaired the IEEE-USA Energy Policy Committee.
Rabl was the 2022 recipient of the John Meredith Professional Service Award of the IEEE. She was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2024 class of fellows, "for contributions to the design of demand response resources and electrification". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Veronika Ariana Rabl (born 1945) is a Czechoslovakian-American energy expert, a leader in the development of residential demand response modeling, smart buildings, and the integration of renewable energy into transportation and power distribution systems. After working at the Electric Power Research Institute, she is an independent consultant to the energy industry.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Rabl was born on December 16, 1945, in Michalovce, now part of Slovakia. Her parents survived the holocaust by hiding in the mountains, but most of the rest of her family were killed, and her father, an engineer, died when she was ten. In the summer of 1968, while studying nuclear engineering at Charles University in Prague, she traveled to Israel to visit a cousin. She became a refugee after the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia ended the Prague Spring during her visit. Despite not having finished her undergraduate degree, she was accepted to a master's program in physics at the Weizmann Institute of Science. After earning her master's degree in 1971, she moved to the University of Bonn with her new husband (a postdoctoral researcher at the Weizmann Institute) and completed a Ph.D. at Ohio State University in 1974.",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After postdoctoral research at Syracuse University, Rabl became a researcher at the Argonne National Laboratory, shifting her focus there from physics to power engineering. She worked at the Electric Power Research Institute from 1981 until 2000, becoming its General Manager and Director. She has also chaired the IEEE-USA Energy Policy Committee.",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Rabl was the 2022 recipient of the John Meredith Professional Service Award of the IEEE. She was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2024 class of fellows, \"for contributions to the design of demand response resources and electrification\".",
"title": "Recognition"
}
] | Veronika Ariana Rabl is a Czechoslovakian-American energy expert, a leader in the development of residential demand response modeling, smart buildings, and the integration of renewable energy into transportation and power distribution systems. After working at the Electric Power Research Institute, she is an independent consultant to the energy industry. | 2023-12-22T20:30:38Z | 2023-12-24T12:16:29Z | [
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75,625,904 | Minthara | Minthara Baenre is a character from the 2023 video game Baldur's Gate 3, a Larian Studios roleplaying game set in the Forgotten Realms universe of Dungeons & Dragons. Voiced by Emma Gregory, she is a drow Paladin in service of the game's antagonist, and acts as a central villain for the game's first act. Depending on the player's actions, she can be recruited as a companion in the game's second act, and can be romanced if the player chooses to do so. Outside of video games, she has appeared on cards for Magic: the Gathering.
Minthara went through several iterations during development, developed by lead writer Adam Smith with help from her voice actress to have a "pragmatic" approach to evil but also a vulnerable and demonstrating a degree of awkwardness and compassion. Several bugs in the game however affected, with one in particular preventing a large amount of her in-game dialogue to never play, something that lead developer Swen Vincke felt . Another resulted in player being able to find a "work around" to bypass her related questline by knocking her out with non-lethal damage, bypassing the loss of several companions if one wished to recruit her. Smith found it fit the game's narrative, and a simplified version of the workaround was added as an option in a later patch.
Minthara received mostly positive reception upon release, in particular for the portrayal of drow culture in the game but also her role as a strong female character that did not require a redemption arc. However response was more varied when compared to other companions in the game, with media outlets questioning if it was worth the effort when the game sharply penalized players. Some outlets felt the use of workarounds to be able to full enjoy the game and her character was a shortcoming of how the latter was handled, while others felt the official implementation of an option to bypass the hard moral choices undermined her character and the player's commitment.
Minthara went through several iterations during the game's development. Intended as a "sidekick" character, her role in the story was in part meant to shed a different light on one of the game's major villains, and as a result was excluded from the "Origin" options for players to choose at the start of the game. Written by lead writer Adam Smith, her personality was designed portray a paranoid individual, but also one with depth, displaying "tenderness" and a deep caring for individuals. Initially under the control of the game's antagonist, a telepathic monster called "The Absolute", she was written to behave in a chaotic manner and as a "blunt weapon" for its use. After being freed, her character arc was meant to portray her shift into a more "pragmatic" approach to evil, "somebody who picks her targets very carefully". To illustrate this, they wrote her to question the player why they kept her alive if they choose to, and to distrust the player's character if they do evil actions without proper justification. While Smith didn't want to portray her as having a "redemption arc", he did want to illustrate her as "softening" to the idea of working with a group, and enjoyed player's positive reactions towards her character.
After release, Larian discovered that due to an oversight a significant amount of Minthara's dialogue was accidentally disabled. In an interview with IGN, the game's director Swen Vincke felt this may have negatively impacted how players perceived the character, and fixed it as quickly as possible. While initially the player was intended to do a particular evil act in order to recruit Minthara as a companion, players found options to get around killing her for the "good" path of that particular quest by exploiting a bug in the game where if she was knocked out instead of killed, the quest would complete as if she were dead. Though she would become unresponsive if encountered later, players discovered if they used two spells in conjunction, "Polymorph" and "Dominate Animal", they could transform her into a sheep companion temporarily, and then bring her to a point in the game where it would allow the player to recruit her normally. After reading a webcomic that made light of the bug, Smith felt it made sense in the game's narrative that she would survive if knocked out, and in a later patch they allowed players to simply knock her out and recruit her later, bypassing the original intended path in a much simpler manner.
Once Minthara's appearance was defined by the concept art team, 3D artist Mohamed Abdelfatah created the design for her face, while Wiktoria Kubien created her hair. Abdelfatah worked directly with lead character artist Alena Dubrovina, who allowed the modelling team to make any additional changes they felt were needed from the concept art. The design went through several iterations during three years of development, and once completed the finished models served as the basis for all subsequent art of the character. Minthara is a drow, a matriarchal race of elves with grey skin, white hair, and red eyes. Her hair is tied into a bun on the back of her head, while a small black spider web tattoo is on the left side of her neck. She has two primary outfits in the game, a set of full banded armor, and a secondary leather clothing set consisting of pants and a top with a plunging neckline.
Minthara's motion capture and voice was provided by Emma Gregory. She worked with Smith to try and explore the character, trying to learn the character's background while working to avoid portraying her as a "stone cold bitch". Gregory further added that the two of them tried to find ways to find ways the characters could be awkward, vulnerable and softer, and felt the two of them were able to create "someone much more interesting" than just an "evil route" character. However she found the motion capture quite difficult due to having to learn the technique, in part because it was new to her but also because they wanted to keep the character's movements "small" to fit her role as a servant to the villain, and later more free as her character arc progresses.
Minthara Baenre is a drow woman first introduced in the roleplaying game Baldur's Gate 3. Originally as a Cleric class character, she was changed in a later patch during the game's early access period into a Paladin. She leads a band of goblins and other creatures in service of the game's antagonist, "The Absolute". This brings her into conflict with the Emerald Grove, and the player may either help her raid it or oppose and kill her and her goblins. If the player sides with her, the player can choose to sleep with her after the slaughter, though this action will cause several companions to leave and prevent several quests. Afterwards, she will try and kill the player due to a crisis of faith. If the player talks her down, she proceeds to Moonrise Towers and encourages the player to follow her. Alternatively, the player may avoid the raid entirely and keep her alive by either knocking her out with non-lethal damage while killing her commanders, or ignoring her entirely, though this option will cause the grove to be slaughtered off-screen. Any of these options will allow her to proceed to the game's second act.
In the second act, once the player reaches Moonrise Towers they find her put on trial for failing to secure the artifact, and to have her mind erased. The player can rescue her, after which she will become a full companion and a romance option if you helped with the raid. She will additionally give more information about her background, divulging that she came from the Underdark, an underground location in the Forgotten Realms setting, and was a paladin in the service of the drow deity Lolth. After killing an envoy of the Absolute's minions that approached her family house, Minthara and her troops attacked the Absolute's headquarters. Her men however were killed by one of the game's three major villains, Orin, and she herself brainwashed into serving the Absolute. Now freed from the Absolute's control, she seeks revenge against it and its allies.
Outside of video games, the character was included on cards for Magic: the Gathering's "Commander Legends: The Battle For Baldur's Gate" set, appearing on both a regular and a special "showcase" card. However, because they were produced during Baldur's Gate 3's early access period, the artwork was based on an earlier version of her character design, while the cards themselves still list her class as "Cleric".
In an interview with IGN, Swen Vincke noted that during the game's early access period they could see how many players romanced Minthara, and were surprised by the large number, stating "There's certainly people that have had no moral scruples." Media outlets were a bit more mixed. Jasmine Gould-Wilson in an article for GamesRadar+ described the choice of killing the Grove to recruit her as a question of "would you risk it all for the favor of one person? And just how bad could things get if you did?" She further noted that prior to meeting the character she couldn't comprehend why someone would take that avenue, and the impact and ramifications of recruiting fundamentally changed the tone of her playthrough. GameSpot's Jason Rodriguez on the other hand felt the cost was too steep as it prevented the player from recruiting certain characters entirely, and was an example of how the title severely punished players for attempting an "Evil" playthrough. This was further compounded in his eyes by reports of a lack of development for the character in the later stages of the game, in particular the title's third act. Though Rodriguez acknowledged than a "workaround" existed in the game, he felt it was "gamey", and stated that belief that "the fault lies in how the character was conceived and included." Andrew Zhou of ScreenRant criticized the patch that allowed players an alternative means to recruit her, feeling it undercut the player's commitment to the character, observing that players tend to avoid options that require "evil" actions in games. He further argued that it took away an aspect that made her one of the most unique companions and romances in he game in his eyes.
When comparing the available companions in Baldur's Gate 3, the staff of PC Gamer rated Minthara the lowest, acknowledging that while she was "hot", the cost of recruiting her by killing innocent characters in the game felt too steep. Associate editor Ted Litchfield did however praise the effort that went into her character, stating that developing a full companion and all the resources devoted to it and her story arc for a character that "at least 60% of players would kill is a big part of why Baldur's Gate 3 is such a historic [role playing game]." Matthew Byrd of Den of Geek on the other hand was more favorable towards the character on his own rating scale of the characters, though found it difficult due to the significant detriments for recruiting her and how much one was tied to an "evil" playthrough of the game in order to do so. That said, despite acknowledging she was a "tough sell" for some players, he praised her depth and called her one of "the most well-rounded, well-written, and capable" companions. Meanwhile, Jack Doyle in an article for The Mary Sue considered her his favorite companion in the game, praising both the character and her romance, and the fact that unlike other characters she was a developed villain. He closed with stating "you’re gonna have to do some pretty dastardly things to get Minthara [...] Was it worth it? Yes. I’d resurrect everyone I killed just to stick a knife in them a second time for Minthara to look my way."
In terms of other aspects of her character, Kotaku's praised her for providing a deeper glimpse into Drow culture in Dungeons & Dragons lore, particularly in regards to their sexual orientation and treatment of men. She noted that Minthara's own attitudes were not as narrow, and added that doing so allowed the character to not only be "a physically powerful woman, but, more importantly, an interesting character". Harvey Randall in an article for PC Gamer enjoyed how Minthara represented the pragmatic "Lawful Evil" type of alignment in Dungeons & Dragons, doing evil actions for practical reasons but also finds "the idea of doing so just for the heck of it wasteful, if not downright distasteful". He found it a nice departure, alongside the fact the character was not perceived as one that needed to be "fixed" by the player into a redemption arc. The latter point was explored more by IGN's Rebecca Valentine, who when examining the concept of a "problematic fave" in gaming, a character whose heinous actions players justify due to sexual attraction, cited Minthara as the most egregious example in Baldur's Gate 3. Liana Ruppert of Game Informer on the other hand was highly critical of her character, describing her as "kind of a jerk", stating that on playthroughs where she did recruit Minthara she found herself starting the game over shortly after. She further added "Just like any good role-playing adventure, there are good choices, bad choices, and choices that make you feel like you need a cold shower. Minthara is the latter two". | [
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"text": "Minthara Baenre is a character from the 2023 video game Baldur's Gate 3, a Larian Studios roleplaying game set in the Forgotten Realms universe of Dungeons & Dragons. Voiced by Emma Gregory, she is a drow Paladin in service of the game's antagonist, and acts as a central villain for the game's first act. Depending on the player's actions, she can be recruited as a companion in the game's second act, and can be romanced if the player chooses to do so. Outside of video games, she has appeared on cards for Magic: the Gathering.",
"title": ""
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"text": "Minthara went through several iterations during development, developed by lead writer Adam Smith with help from her voice actress to have a \"pragmatic\" approach to evil but also a vulnerable and demonstrating a degree of awkwardness and compassion. Several bugs in the game however affected, with one in particular preventing a large amount of her in-game dialogue to never play, something that lead developer Swen Vincke felt . Another resulted in player being able to find a \"work around\" to bypass her related questline by knocking her out with non-lethal damage, bypassing the loss of several companions if one wished to recruit her. Smith found it fit the game's narrative, and a simplified version of the workaround was added as an option in a later patch.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Minthara received mostly positive reception upon release, in particular for the portrayal of drow culture in the game but also her role as a strong female character that did not require a redemption arc. However response was more varied when compared to other companions in the game, with media outlets questioning if it was worth the effort when the game sharply penalized players. Some outlets felt the use of workarounds to be able to full enjoy the game and her character was a shortcoming of how the latter was handled, while others felt the official implementation of an option to bypass the hard moral choices undermined her character and the player's commitment.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Minthara went through several iterations during the game's development. Intended as a \"sidekick\" character, her role in the story was in part meant to shed a different light on one of the game's major villains, and as a result was excluded from the \"Origin\" options for players to choose at the start of the game. Written by lead writer Adam Smith, her personality was designed portray a paranoid individual, but also one with depth, displaying \"tenderness\" and a deep caring for individuals. Initially under the control of the game's antagonist, a telepathic monster called \"The Absolute\", she was written to behave in a chaotic manner and as a \"blunt weapon\" for its use. After being freed, her character arc was meant to portray her shift into a more \"pragmatic\" approach to evil, \"somebody who picks her targets very carefully\". To illustrate this, they wrote her to question the player why they kept her alive if they choose to, and to distrust the player's character if they do evil actions without proper justification. While Smith didn't want to portray her as having a \"redemption arc\", he did want to illustrate her as \"softening\" to the idea of working with a group, and enjoyed player's positive reactions towards her character.",
"title": "Conception and development"
},
{
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"text": "After release, Larian discovered that due to an oversight a significant amount of Minthara's dialogue was accidentally disabled. In an interview with IGN, the game's director Swen Vincke felt this may have negatively impacted how players perceived the character, and fixed it as quickly as possible. While initially the player was intended to do a particular evil act in order to recruit Minthara as a companion, players found options to get around killing her for the \"good\" path of that particular quest by exploiting a bug in the game where if she was knocked out instead of killed, the quest would complete as if she were dead. Though she would become unresponsive if encountered later, players discovered if they used two spells in conjunction, \"Polymorph\" and \"Dominate Animal\", they could transform her into a sheep companion temporarily, and then bring her to a point in the game where it would allow the player to recruit her normally. After reading a webcomic that made light of the bug, Smith felt it made sense in the game's narrative that she would survive if knocked out, and in a later patch they allowed players to simply knock her out and recruit her later, bypassing the original intended path in a much simpler manner.",
"title": "Conception and development"
},
{
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"text": "Once Minthara's appearance was defined by the concept art team, 3D artist Mohamed Abdelfatah created the design for her face, while Wiktoria Kubien created her hair. Abdelfatah worked directly with lead character artist Alena Dubrovina, who allowed the modelling team to make any additional changes they felt were needed from the concept art. The design went through several iterations during three years of development, and once completed the finished models served as the basis for all subsequent art of the character. Minthara is a drow, a matriarchal race of elves with grey skin, white hair, and red eyes. Her hair is tied into a bun on the back of her head, while a small black spider web tattoo is on the left side of her neck. She has two primary outfits in the game, a set of full banded armor, and a secondary leather clothing set consisting of pants and a top with a plunging neckline.",
"title": "Conception and development"
},
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"text": "Minthara's motion capture and voice was provided by Emma Gregory. She worked with Smith to try and explore the character, trying to learn the character's background while working to avoid portraying her as a \"stone cold bitch\". Gregory further added that the two of them tried to find ways to find ways the characters could be awkward, vulnerable and softer, and felt the two of them were able to create \"someone much more interesting\" than just an \"evil route\" character. However she found the motion capture quite difficult due to having to learn the technique, in part because it was new to her but also because they wanted to keep the character's movements \"small\" to fit her role as a servant to the villain, and later more free as her character arc progresses.",
"title": "Conception and development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Minthara Baenre is a drow woman first introduced in the roleplaying game Baldur's Gate 3. Originally as a Cleric class character, she was changed in a later patch during the game's early access period into a Paladin. She leads a band of goblins and other creatures in service of the game's antagonist, \"The Absolute\". This brings her into conflict with the Emerald Grove, and the player may either help her raid it or oppose and kill her and her goblins. If the player sides with her, the player can choose to sleep with her after the slaughter, though this action will cause several companions to leave and prevent several quests. Afterwards, she will try and kill the player due to a crisis of faith. If the player talks her down, she proceeds to Moonrise Towers and encourages the player to follow her. Alternatively, the player may avoid the raid entirely and keep her alive by either knocking her out with non-lethal damage while killing her commanders, or ignoring her entirely, though this option will cause the grove to be slaughtered off-screen. Any of these options will allow her to proceed to the game's second act.",
"title": "Appearances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In the second act, once the player reaches Moonrise Towers they find her put on trial for failing to secure the artifact, and to have her mind erased. The player can rescue her, after which she will become a full companion and a romance option if you helped with the raid. She will additionally give more information about her background, divulging that she came from the Underdark, an underground location in the Forgotten Realms setting, and was a paladin in the service of the drow deity Lolth. After killing an envoy of the Absolute's minions that approached her family house, Minthara and her troops attacked the Absolute's headquarters. Her men however were killed by one of the game's three major villains, Orin, and she herself brainwashed into serving the Absolute. Now freed from the Absolute's control, she seeks revenge against it and its allies.",
"title": "Appearances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Outside of video games, the character was included on cards for Magic: the Gathering's \"Commander Legends: The Battle For Baldur's Gate\" set, appearing on both a regular and a special \"showcase\" card. However, because they were produced during Baldur's Gate 3's early access period, the artwork was based on an earlier version of her character design, while the cards themselves still list her class as \"Cleric\".",
"title": "Appearances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In an interview with IGN, Swen Vincke noted that during the game's early access period they could see how many players romanced Minthara, and were surprised by the large number, stating \"There's certainly people that have had no moral scruples.\" Media outlets were a bit more mixed. Jasmine Gould-Wilson in an article for GamesRadar+ described the choice of killing the Grove to recruit her as a question of \"would you risk it all for the favor of one person? And just how bad could things get if you did?\" She further noted that prior to meeting the character she couldn't comprehend why someone would take that avenue, and the impact and ramifications of recruiting fundamentally changed the tone of her playthrough. GameSpot's Jason Rodriguez on the other hand felt the cost was too steep as it prevented the player from recruiting certain characters entirely, and was an example of how the title severely punished players for attempting an \"Evil\" playthrough. This was further compounded in his eyes by reports of a lack of development for the character in the later stages of the game, in particular the title's third act. Though Rodriguez acknowledged than a \"workaround\" existed in the game, he felt it was \"gamey\", and stated that belief that \"the fault lies in how the character was conceived and included.\" Andrew Zhou of ScreenRant criticized the patch that allowed players an alternative means to recruit her, feeling it undercut the player's commitment to the character, observing that players tend to avoid options that require \"evil\" actions in games. He further argued that it took away an aspect that made her one of the most unique companions and romances in he game in his eyes.",
"title": "Critical reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "When comparing the available companions in Baldur's Gate 3, the staff of PC Gamer rated Minthara the lowest, acknowledging that while she was \"hot\", the cost of recruiting her by killing innocent characters in the game felt too steep. Associate editor Ted Litchfield did however praise the effort that went into her character, stating that developing a full companion and all the resources devoted to it and her story arc for a character that \"at least 60% of players would kill is a big part of why Baldur's Gate 3 is such a historic [role playing game].\" Matthew Byrd of Den of Geek on the other hand was more favorable towards the character on his own rating scale of the characters, though found it difficult due to the significant detriments for recruiting her and how much one was tied to an \"evil\" playthrough of the game in order to do so. That said, despite acknowledging she was a \"tough sell\" for some players, he praised her depth and called her one of \"the most well-rounded, well-written, and capable\" companions. Meanwhile, Jack Doyle in an article for The Mary Sue considered her his favorite companion in the game, praising both the character and her romance, and the fact that unlike other characters she was a developed villain. He closed with stating \"you’re gonna have to do some pretty dastardly things to get Minthara [...] Was it worth it? Yes. I’d resurrect everyone I killed just to stick a knife in them a second time for Minthara to look my way.\"",
"title": "Critical reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In terms of other aspects of her character, Kotaku's praised her for providing a deeper glimpse into Drow culture in Dungeons & Dragons lore, particularly in regards to their sexual orientation and treatment of men. She noted that Minthara's own attitudes were not as narrow, and added that doing so allowed the character to not only be \"a physically powerful woman, but, more importantly, an interesting character\". Harvey Randall in an article for PC Gamer enjoyed how Minthara represented the pragmatic \"Lawful Evil\" type of alignment in Dungeons & Dragons, doing evil actions for practical reasons but also finds \"the idea of doing so just for the heck of it wasteful, if not downright distasteful\". He found it a nice departure, alongside the fact the character was not perceived as one that needed to be \"fixed\" by the player into a redemption arc. The latter point was explored more by IGN's Rebecca Valentine, who when examining the concept of a \"problematic fave\" in gaming, a character whose heinous actions players justify due to sexual attraction, cited Minthara as the most egregious example in Baldur's Gate 3. Liana Ruppert of Game Informer on the other hand was highly critical of her character, describing her as \"kind of a jerk\", stating that on playthroughs where she did recruit Minthara she found herself starting the game over shortly after. She further added \"Just like any good role-playing adventure, there are good choices, bad choices, and choices that make you feel like you need a cold shower. Minthara is the latter two\".",
"title": "Critical reception"
}
] | Minthara Baenre is a character from the 2023 video game Baldur's Gate 3, a Larian Studios roleplaying game set in the Forgotten Realms universe of Dungeons & Dragons. Voiced by Emma Gregory, she is a drow Paladin in service of the game's antagonist, and acts as a central villain for the game's first act. Depending on the player's actions, she can be recruited as a companion in the game's second act, and can be romanced if the player chooses to do so. Outside of video games, she has appeared on cards for Magic: the Gathering. Minthara went through several iterations during development, developed by lead writer Adam Smith with help from her voice actress to have a "pragmatic" approach to evil but also a vulnerable and demonstrating a degree of awkwardness and compassion. Several bugs in the game however affected, with one in particular preventing a large amount of her in-game dialogue to never play, something that lead developer Swen Vincke felt. Another resulted in player being able to find a "work around" to bypass her related questline by knocking her out with non-lethal damage, bypassing the loss of several companions if one wished to recruit her. Smith found it fit the game's narrative, and a simplified version of the workaround was added as an option in a later patch. Minthara received mostly positive reception upon release, in particular for the portrayal of drow culture in the game but also her role as a strong female character that did not require a redemption arc. However response was more varied when compared to other companions in the game, with media outlets questioning if it was worth the effort when the game sharply penalized players. Some outlets felt the use of workarounds to be able to full enjoy the game and her character was a shortcoming of how the latter was handled, while others felt the official implementation of an option to bypass the hard moral choices undermined her character and the player's commitment. | 2023-12-22T20:31:09Z | 2023-12-27T07:21:18Z | [
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"Template:'",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minthara |
75,625,905 | Paul Little (basketball) | Paul Little (born 1960s) is an American former college basketball player who earned many accolades during his time at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn), including being named the Ivy League co-Player of the Year in 1982. As of January 2024, Little is the Chief Operating Officer of Protecdiv, an insurance technology company.
Little grew up in Massachusetts and attended Boston Latin Academy, a public exam school in Boston. He starred for the basketball team, where as a senior in 1978–79 he averaged 24 points and 16 rebounds per game, led them to the Boston City League championship, and was named the most valuable player (MVP) of the league.
Little enrolled at Penn in 1979–80 to play for the Quakers. He made an immediate impact: Little averaged 9.8 points and 5.1 rebounds per game and helped lead Penn to an Ivy League regular season championship. He was named to the All-Ivy League Second Team and also tabbed the Ivy League Rookie of the Year. He followed his freshman season up with a strong sophomore campaign which saw him repeat as an All-Ivy Second Team selection, although the Quakers finished in second place in conference standings.
As a junior, Little averaged 11.6 points, 5.3 rebounds, 2.6 assists, and 1.9 steals per game. Penn won their second Ivy League regular season championship in three years. Little was named to the All-Ivy League First Team, and was honored as the Ivy League co-Player of the Year with Princeton's Craig Robinson. He was also tabbed by the Associated Press as an honorable mention NCAA All-American.
In his fourth and final collegiate season in 1982–83, Penn finished second in the Ivy League, but Little garnered a postseason honor by being named to the All-Ivy League Second Team after averaging 12.6 points and 5.7 rebounds per game. He became the first play in University of Pennsylvania history to be named to four all-conference teams. In 104 career games, Little scored 1,116 points and grabbed 577 rebounds.
Little was selected in the 1983 NBA draft by the Portland Trail Blazers in the seventh round (154th overall). In October 1983 the Trail Blazers waived him. He never played professionally.
Since 1985, Little has been in the insurance industry. As of January 2024, he serves at Protecdiv's Chief Operating Office while also serving on Accelerant's Board of Directors. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Paul Little (born 1960s) is an American former college basketball player who earned many accolades during his time at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn), including being named the Ivy League co-Player of the Year in 1982. As of January 2024, Little is the Chief Operating Officer of Protecdiv, an insurance technology company.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Little grew up in Massachusetts and attended Boston Latin Academy, a public exam school in Boston. He starred for the basketball team, where as a senior in 1978–79 he averaged 24 points and 16 rebounds per game, led them to the Boston City League championship, and was named the most valuable player (MVP) of the league.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Little enrolled at Penn in 1979–80 to play for the Quakers. He made an immediate impact: Little averaged 9.8 points and 5.1 rebounds per game and helped lead Penn to an Ivy League regular season championship. He was named to the All-Ivy League Second Team and also tabbed the Ivy League Rookie of the Year. He followed his freshman season up with a strong sophomore campaign which saw him repeat as an All-Ivy Second Team selection, although the Quakers finished in second place in conference standings.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As a junior, Little averaged 11.6 points, 5.3 rebounds, 2.6 assists, and 1.9 steals per game. Penn won their second Ivy League regular season championship in three years. Little was named to the All-Ivy League First Team, and was honored as the Ivy League co-Player of the Year with Princeton's Craig Robinson. He was also tabbed by the Associated Press as an honorable mention NCAA All-American.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In his fourth and final collegiate season in 1982–83, Penn finished second in the Ivy League, but Little garnered a postseason honor by being named to the All-Ivy League Second Team after averaging 12.6 points and 5.7 rebounds per game. He became the first play in University of Pennsylvania history to be named to four all-conference teams. In 104 career games, Little scored 1,116 points and grabbed 577 rebounds.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Little was selected in the 1983 NBA draft by the Portland Trail Blazers in the seventh round (154th overall). In October 1983 the Trail Blazers waived him. He never played professionally.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Since 1985, Little has been in the insurance industry. As of January 2024, he serves at Protecdiv's Chief Operating Office while also serving on Accelerant's Board of Directors.",
"title": "Later life"
}
] | Paul Little is an American former college basketball player who earned many accolades during his time at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn), including being named the Ivy League co-Player of the Year in 1982. As of January 2024, Little is the Chief Operating Officer of Protecdiv, an insurance technology company. | 2023-12-22T20:31:10Z | 2023-12-22T21:45:27Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Little_(basketball) |
75,625,935 | List of years in Michigan | This page lists the individual Michigan year Pages. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "This page lists the individual Michigan year Pages.",
"title": ""
}
] | This page lists the individual Michigan year Pages. | 2023-12-22T20:35:30Z | 2023-12-22T20:35:30Z | [
"Template:Michigan year nav",
"Template:Years in decade"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_years_in_Michigan |
75,625,936 | Memantine/donepezil | Memantine/donepezil, sold under the brand name Namzaric, is a fixed dose combination medication used for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. It contains memantine, as the hydrochloride, a NMDA receptor antagonist; and donepezil as the hydrochloride, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It is taken by mouth.
Memantine/donepezil was approved for medical use in the United States in 2014. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Memantine/donepezil, sold under the brand name Namzaric, is a fixed dose combination medication used for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. It contains memantine, as the hydrochloride, a NMDA receptor antagonist; and donepezil as the hydrochloride, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It is taken by mouth.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Memantine/donepezil was approved for medical use in the United States in 2014.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "Further reading"
}
] | Memantine/donepezil, sold under the brand name Namzaric, is a fixed dose combination medication used for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. It contains memantine, as the hydrochloride, a NMDA receptor antagonist; and donepezil as the hydrochloride, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It is taken by mouth. Memantine/donepezil was approved for medical use in the United States in 2014. | 2023-12-22T20:35:31Z | 2023-12-31T12:06:16Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memantine/donepezil |
75,625,960 | Polycauliona coralloides | Polycauliona coralloides, the coral firedot lichen, is a species of small fruticose (bushy), saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. First formally described in 1866, it was later shuffled to a few different genera in its taxonomic history before ending up in Polycauliona, a genus resurrected from taxonomic obscurity in the molecular phylogenetics era. The lichen occurs on seaside rocks in the intertidal spray zone of California and northwestern Mexico. The species is readily recognized due to its distinctive coral-like form–its thallus grows as a tangle of orange, filamentous branches.
Polycauliona coralloides, originally described as Placodium coralloides by Edward Tuckerman in 1864, has experienced several taxonomic revisions. It has been reclassified under various genera, including Polycauliona, Thamnoma, and Caloplaca. This species, along with Caloplaca thamnodes, is part of a group of dwarf-fruticose species that formerly belonged to the section Gasparrinia of genus Caloplaca. It had been suspected, even before the advent of molecular phylogenetics, that this group was not monophyletic, implying that these species have evolved separately from different ancestors within the genus. The presence of a microfruticose species in a predominantly crustose genus is unusual, and has led to historical disagreement as to its proper classification. In 2001, Irwin Brodo suggested that the fruticose growth form of the lichen hinted at a possible relationship to Teloschistes, but further pointed out that the North American representatives of this genus were either corticolous or terricolous, and more abundantly branched.
The etymology of the species epithet coralloides alludes to the coral-like appearance of the species. Phylogenetically, Polycauliona coralloides and Caloplaca thamnodes share similarities in thallus anatomy, spore type, overall morphology, and ecology, suggesting a close relationship. However, Caloplaca brattiae may also share a common ancestor with P. coralloides, as indicated by several similar features.
It is commonly known as the "coral firedot lichen".
Polycauliona coralloides is a dwarf-fruticose lichen that forms dense to loose cushions up to 2 cm (13⁄16 in) in diameter and 8 mm (5⁄16 in) in height. Its branches are terete, dichotomous (or at least somewhat so) and can be erect, arched, or almost prostrate; they measure about 0.4 mm in diameter and are round and bumpy. The thallus is yellow to orange-yellow and may have pseudocyphellae in small depressions. Initially, P. coralloides forms elongated thallus lobes that adhere closely to the substrate, but over time, it evolves into a distinctly subfruticose thallus. Apothecia are fairly common, zeorine, and can be at the ends of branches or long them. Their disk color is slightly darker than that of the thallus. The spores are polaribilocular and ellipsoid, with a very thin septum.
Chemically, the species is characterized by the presence of parietin as the major pigment, along with small amounts of emodin, teloschistin, parietinic acid, and fallacinal. The thallus and apothecia react K+ (purple), while the medulla shows negative reactions to standard chemical spot tests.
Polycauliona coralloides is often confused with Xanthoria cf. candelaria and Caloplaca thamnodes. X. cf. candelaria differs by having flat lobes with an upper and lower surface and is mostly sorediate, which C. coralloides never is. C. thamnodes, while closely related, can be distinguished by its little branched thallus, slightly thicker branches, darker orange color, and a more southern distribution. The New Zealand endemic Austroplaca erecta has some similarities to P. coralloides. Austroplaca erecta is distinguished by its less prominent pseudocyphellae, differing lobe anatomy, wider ascospores with longer septa, and larger conidia. Caloplaca thamnodes, found in Baja California, is a species similar to Polycauliona coralloides but is distinguishable by its less branched thallus, marginally thicker branches, and a more pronounced dark orange hue.
Polycauliona coralloides is a strictly littoral species, found close to the seashore, predominantly on hard rocks and mainly on vertical surfaces. It typically grows in the lower part of the supralittoral zone within a narrow vertical range. The species often occupies locations closer to the shore than Caloplaca rosei and Caloplaca brattiae and avoids sites exposed to bird manuring. As might be expected for a littoral species, it is quite tolerant to sea salt.
The distribution of P. coralloides extends from northern Baja California, Mexico, to northern Oregon. Its presence further south is possible, but not likely further north due to unsuitable habitats in these regions.
Stigmidium hesperium is a lichenicolous fungus, first described in 2009, that parasitises Polycauliona coralloides. Infection by the fungus results in erosion and bleaching of the thallus and apothecia. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Polycauliona coralloides, the coral firedot lichen, is a species of small fruticose (bushy), saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. First formally described in 1866, it was later shuffled to a few different genera in its taxonomic history before ending up in Polycauliona, a genus resurrected from taxonomic obscurity in the molecular phylogenetics era. The lichen occurs on seaside rocks in the intertidal spray zone of California and northwestern Mexico. The species is readily recognized due to its distinctive coral-like form–its thallus grows as a tangle of orange, filamentous branches.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Polycauliona coralloides, originally described as Placodium coralloides by Edward Tuckerman in 1864, has experienced several taxonomic revisions. It has been reclassified under various genera, including Polycauliona, Thamnoma, and Caloplaca. This species, along with Caloplaca thamnodes, is part of a group of dwarf-fruticose species that formerly belonged to the section Gasparrinia of genus Caloplaca. It had been suspected, even before the advent of molecular phylogenetics, that this group was not monophyletic, implying that these species have evolved separately from different ancestors within the genus. The presence of a microfruticose species in a predominantly crustose genus is unusual, and has led to historical disagreement as to its proper classification. In 2001, Irwin Brodo suggested that the fruticose growth form of the lichen hinted at a possible relationship to Teloschistes, but further pointed out that the North American representatives of this genus were either corticolous or terricolous, and more abundantly branched.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The etymology of the species epithet coralloides alludes to the coral-like appearance of the species. Phylogenetically, Polycauliona coralloides and Caloplaca thamnodes share similarities in thallus anatomy, spore type, overall morphology, and ecology, suggesting a close relationship. However, Caloplaca brattiae may also share a common ancestor with P. coralloides, as indicated by several similar features.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "It is commonly known as the \"coral firedot lichen\".",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Polycauliona coralloides is a dwarf-fruticose lichen that forms dense to loose cushions up to 2 cm (13⁄16 in) in diameter and 8 mm (5⁄16 in) in height. Its branches are terete, dichotomous (or at least somewhat so) and can be erect, arched, or almost prostrate; they measure about 0.4 mm in diameter and are round and bumpy. The thallus is yellow to orange-yellow and may have pseudocyphellae in small depressions. Initially, P. coralloides forms elongated thallus lobes that adhere closely to the substrate, but over time, it evolves into a distinctly subfruticose thallus. Apothecia are fairly common, zeorine, and can be at the ends of branches or long them. Their disk color is slightly darker than that of the thallus. The spores are polaribilocular and ellipsoid, with a very thin septum.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Chemically, the species is characterized by the presence of parietin as the major pigment, along with small amounts of emodin, teloschistin, parietinic acid, and fallacinal. The thallus and apothecia react K+ (purple), while the medulla shows negative reactions to standard chemical spot tests.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Polycauliona coralloides is often confused with Xanthoria cf. candelaria and Caloplaca thamnodes. X. cf. candelaria differs by having flat lobes with an upper and lower surface and is mostly sorediate, which C. coralloides never is. C. thamnodes, while closely related, can be distinguished by its little branched thallus, slightly thicker branches, darker orange color, and a more southern distribution. The New Zealand endemic Austroplaca erecta has some similarities to P. coralloides. Austroplaca erecta is distinguished by its less prominent pseudocyphellae, differing lobe anatomy, wider ascospores with longer septa, and larger conidia. Caloplaca thamnodes, found in Baja California, is a species similar to Polycauliona coralloides but is distinguishable by its less branched thallus, marginally thicker branches, and a more pronounced dark orange hue.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Polycauliona coralloides is a strictly littoral species, found close to the seashore, predominantly on hard rocks and mainly on vertical surfaces. It typically grows in the lower part of the supralittoral zone within a narrow vertical range. The species often occupies locations closer to the shore than Caloplaca rosei and Caloplaca brattiae and avoids sites exposed to bird manuring. As might be expected for a littoral species, it is quite tolerant to sea salt.",
"title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The distribution of P. coralloides extends from northern Baja California, Mexico, to northern Oregon. Its presence further south is possible, but not likely further north due to unsuitable habitats in these regions.",
"title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Stigmidium hesperium is a lichenicolous fungus, first described in 2009, that parasitises Polycauliona coralloides. Infection by the fungus results in erosion and bleaching of the thallus and apothecia.",
"title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology"
}
] | Polycauliona coralloides, the coral firedot lichen, is a species of small fruticose (bushy), saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. First formally described in 1866, it was later shuffled to a few different genera in its taxonomic history before ending up in Polycauliona, a genus resurrected from taxonomic obscurity in the molecular phylogenetics era. The lichen occurs on seaside rocks in the intertidal spray zone of California and northwestern Mexico. The species is readily recognized due to its distinctive coral-like form–its thallus grows as a tangle of orange, filamentous branches. | 2023-12-22T20:38:59Z | 2023-12-25T16:08:14Z | [
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75,625,962 | Allensworth Ecological Reserve | Allensworth Ecological Reserve is a park in Tulare County, California.
The reserve is 5,100 acres and contains valley saltbush scrub and valley sink scrub habitats. The animals at the park include ground squirrels and coast horned lizards, while the plants at the park include iodine bush, goldenbush, Atriplex, and San Joaquin saltbush.
In 1983, the property was designated as an ecological reserve by the Fish and Game Commission. The land used to be made for farming, non-toxic waste disposal, grazing and subdivision for conceptual development.
The reserve may take part in a fox kit relocation effort. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Allensworth Ecological Reserve is a park in Tulare County, California.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The reserve is 5,100 acres and contains valley saltbush scrub and valley sink scrub habitats. The animals at the park include ground squirrels and coast horned lizards, while the plants at the park include iodine bush, goldenbush, Atriplex, and San Joaquin saltbush.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1983, the property was designated as an ecological reserve by the Fish and Game Commission. The land used to be made for farming, non-toxic waste disposal, grazing and subdivision for conceptual development.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The reserve may take part in a fox kit relocation effort.",
"title": ""
}
] | Allensworth Ecological Reserve is a park in Tulare County, California. The reserve is 5,100 acres and contains valley saltbush scrub and valley sink scrub habitats. The animals at the park include ground squirrels and coast horned lizards, while the plants at the park include iodine bush, goldenbush, Atriplex, and San Joaquin saltbush. In 1983, the property was designated as an ecological reserve by the Fish and Game Commission. The land used to be made for farming, non-toxic waste disposal, grazing and subdivision for conceptual development. The reserve may take part in a fox kit relocation effort. | 2023-12-22T20:39:08Z | 2023-12-30T10:48:23Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allensworth_Ecological_Reserve |
75,625,963 | Peter Buravytskiy | Peter Buravytskiy (born 2001 in Lincoln) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won a bronze medal at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Peter Buravytskiy (born 2001 in Lincoln) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won a bronze medal at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships.",
"title": ""
}
] | Peter Buravytskiy is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won a bronze medal at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | 2023-12-22T20:39:11Z | 2023-12-22T22:05:11Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Buravytskiy |
75,625,980 | Herencia de Patrones | Herencia de Patrones is an American regional Mexican group from Yuba City, California. Formed in 2016, the group consists singer-songwriter Jesús Diego "Jay Dee", with Raúl Valencia on backing vocals, Omar Ruiz on bass guitar, and Uziel "Uzi" Pantoja on requinto guitar. The group received popularity through their singles "Cosas de la Clica" and the live version of "Ladeando" with Fuerza Regida and are known for being one of the pioneer groups of the corridos tumbados movement.
Herencia de Patrones released their debut EP Clicka Fija and their first live album En Vivo Desde Wounded in 2018. The EP received popularity and their live shows attracted the attention of Jimmy Humilde, who is the owner of the Rancho Humilde label.
The group signed to Rancho Humilde, where they released their debut studio album Pa Las Vibras at the end of May 2019, which peaked at number one on the Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart and number 11 on the Top Latin Albums chart, earning their first chartings on any chart in the United States.
In 2020, Herencia de Patrones released two EPs, Sorry for the Wait and Para Los Que Conocen el Rollo. Both EPs charted on the Regional Mexican Albums chart at number two and the Top Latin Albums chart at number 14. The pair also charted on the Heatseekers Albums chart, peaking at number 21 and number four, respectively. That same year, the group's debut album Pa Las Vibras earned a nomination for Regional Mexican Album of the Year in the 2020 Billboard Latin Music Awards.
In March 2021, Herencia de Patrones joined Cuban rapper Ovi and Mexican singers Natanael Cano and Junior H on "Los 4 Ases", a song which appears in Ovi's album Retumban2. In July 2021, the group released HP Everything, as well as a deluxe version.
The group joined Gera MX and Peso Pluma on "Feria en el Sobre" in 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Herencia de Patrones is an American regional Mexican group from Yuba City, California. Formed in 2016, the group consists singer-songwriter Jesús Diego \"Jay Dee\", with Raúl Valencia on backing vocals, Omar Ruiz on bass guitar, and Uziel \"Uzi\" Pantoja on requinto guitar. The group received popularity through their singles \"Cosas de la Clica\" and the live version of \"Ladeando\" with Fuerza Regida and are known for being one of the pioneer groups of the corridos tumbados movement.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Herencia de Patrones released their debut EP Clicka Fija and their first live album En Vivo Desde Wounded in 2018. The EP received popularity and their live shows attracted the attention of Jimmy Humilde, who is the owner of the Rancho Humilde label.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The group signed to Rancho Humilde, where they released their debut studio album Pa Las Vibras at the end of May 2019, which peaked at number one on the Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart and number 11 on the Top Latin Albums chart, earning their first chartings on any chart in the United States.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2020, Herencia de Patrones released two EPs, Sorry for the Wait and Para Los Que Conocen el Rollo. Both EPs charted on the Regional Mexican Albums chart at number two and the Top Latin Albums chart at number 14. The pair also charted on the Heatseekers Albums chart, peaking at number 21 and number four, respectively. That same year, the group's debut album Pa Las Vibras earned a nomination for Regional Mexican Album of the Year in the 2020 Billboard Latin Music Awards.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In March 2021, Herencia de Patrones joined Cuban rapper Ovi and Mexican singers Natanael Cano and Junior H on \"Los 4 Ases\", a song which appears in Ovi's album Retumban2. In July 2021, the group released HP Everything, as well as a deluxe version.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The group joined Gera MX and Peso Pluma on \"Feria en el Sobre\" in 2023.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Herencia de Patrones is an American regional Mexican group from Yuba City, California. Formed in 2016, the group consists singer-songwriter Jesús Diego "Jay Dee", with Raúl Valencia on backing vocals, Omar Ruiz on bass guitar, and Uziel "Uzi" Pantoja on requinto guitar. The group received popularity through their singles "Cosas de la Clica" and the live version of "Ladeando" with Fuerza Regida and are known for being one of the pioneer groups of the corridos tumbados movement. | 2023-12-22T20:41:04Z | 2023-12-31T19:39:39Z | [
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75,625,992 | 1994 Asia Golf Circuit | The 1994 Asia Golf Circuit, titled as the 1994 Newsweek Asian Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the 33rd season of the Asia Golf Circuit (formerly the Far East Circuit), the main professional golf tour in Asia since it was established in 1961.
In December 1997, it was announced that the tour had signed a title sponsorship agreement with Newsweek, being renamed as the Newsweek Asian Tour.
The following table lists official events during the 1994 season.
The Order of Merit was based on tournament results during the season, calculated using a points-based system. The leading player on the Order of Merit earned status to play on the 1994 PGA of Japan Tour. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1994 Asia Golf Circuit, titled as the 1994 Newsweek Asian Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the 33rd season of the Asia Golf Circuit (formerly the Far East Circuit), the main professional golf tour in Asia since it was established in 1961.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In December 1997, it was announced that the tour had signed a title sponsorship agreement with Newsweek, being renamed as the Newsweek Asian Tour.",
"title": "Newsweek title sponsorship"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The following table lists official events during the 1994 season.",
"title": "Schedule"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Order of Merit was based on tournament results during the season, calculated using a points-based system. The leading player on the Order of Merit earned status to play on the 1994 PGA of Japan Tour.",
"title": "Order of Merit"
}
] | The 1994 Asia Golf Circuit, titled as the 1994 Newsweek Asian Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the 33rd season of the Asia Golf Circuit, the main professional golf tour in Asia since it was established in 1961. | 2023-12-22T20:43:29Z | 2023-12-23T12:28:42Z | [
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75,626,030 | Myzostoma josefinae | Myzostoma josefinae is a species of parasitic marine polychaete in the order Myzostomida.
M. josefinae is an ectocommensal parasite of the zenometrid feather star Psathyrometra fragilis. It has been found in the eastern Pacific Ocean, from Monterey Canyon to Guaymas Basin, at 1,020–1,314 metres (3,346–4,311 ft) deep.
The species is very similar to its relative Myzostoma divisor, having a disk-shaped body around 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long bearing five pairs of parapodia two-thirds of the way to the edge of the disk, as well as a smooth anterior-facing proboscis. It also possesses two elongated caudal appendages around the cloaca, which in M. josefinae are around the size of the body disk. The species also bears nine pairs of marginal cirri around the body disk, alternating in length, with the exception of the anteriormost pair reaches twice the length of the others.
The specific epithet josefinae honors polychaete enthusiast Josefin Stiller.
Myzostoma josefinae is part of the species-rich genus Myzostoma, along with more than 150 other species, all parasites of various crinoids. Its closest relative is M. divisor, from which it is distinguished by having marginal cirri of alternating unequal lengths. Beyond this, they are related to M. filicauda and M. tentaculatum, also characterized by elongated caudal appendages. While M. bicaudatum and M. filiferum also possess similar appendages, the presence of 20 marginal cirri instead of 18 in these species, and the lack of terminal cirri on the caudal processes of M. bicaudatum, make them less likely relatives. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Myzostoma josefinae is a species of parasitic marine polychaete in the order Myzostomida.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "M. josefinae is an ectocommensal parasite of the zenometrid feather star Psathyrometra fragilis. It has been found in the eastern Pacific Ocean, from Monterey Canyon to Guaymas Basin, at 1,020–1,314 metres (3,346–4,311 ft) deep.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The species is very similar to its relative Myzostoma divisor, having a disk-shaped body around 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long bearing five pairs of parapodia two-thirds of the way to the edge of the disk, as well as a smooth anterior-facing proboscis. It also possesses two elongated caudal appendages around the cloaca, which in M. josefinae are around the size of the body disk. The species also bears nine pairs of marginal cirri around the body disk, alternating in length, with the exception of the anteriormost pair reaches twice the length of the others.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The specific epithet josefinae honors polychaete enthusiast Josefin Stiller.",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Myzostoma josefinae is part of the species-rich genus Myzostoma, along with more than 150 other species, all parasites of various crinoids. Its closest relative is M. divisor, from which it is distinguished by having marginal cirri of alternating unequal lengths. Beyond this, they are related to M. filicauda and M. tentaculatum, also characterized by elongated caudal appendages. While M. bicaudatum and M. filiferum also possess similar appendages, the presence of 20 marginal cirri instead of 18 in these species, and the lack of terminal cirri on the caudal processes of M. bicaudatum, make them less likely relatives.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
}
] | Myzostoma josefinae is a species of parasitic marine polychaete in the order Myzostomida. | 2023-12-22T20:48:03Z | 2023-12-22T22:28:37Z | [
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75,626,035 | 2023 WK3 | 2023 WK3 is a near-Earth object of the Atira group.
2023 WK3 was discovered at G=19.5 mag on 2023 November 21 by G. Duszanowicz using the 0.28-m f/1.9 reflector + CMOs camera of the Moonbase South Observatory (observatory code M87), Hakos.
It orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.32–0.97 AU once every 6 months (189 days; semi-major axis of 0.64 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.5 and a somewhat high inclination of 24° with respect to the ecliptic. It could be a fragment or a former moon of a larger present-day Atira.
As of 2023, this minor planet has neither been numbered nor named by the Minor Planet Center. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "2023 WK3 is a near-Earth object of the Atira group.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "2023 WK3 was discovered at G=19.5 mag on 2023 November 21 by G. Duszanowicz using the 0.28-m f/1.9 reflector + CMOs camera of the Moonbase South Observatory (observatory code M87), Hakos.",
"title": "Discovery"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "It orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.32–0.97 AU once every 6 months (189 days; semi-major axis of 0.64 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.5 and a somewhat high inclination of 24° with respect to the ecliptic. It could be a fragment or a former moon of a larger present-day Atira.",
"title": "Orbit and classification"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As of 2023, this minor planet has neither been numbered nor named by the Minor Planet Center.",
"title": "Numbering and naming"
}
] | 2023 WK3 is a near-Earth object of the Atira group. | 2023-12-22T20:48:31Z | 2023-12-22T21:35:30Z | [
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75,626,036 | Jorge Ramírez (footballer, born 1975) | Jorge Eduardo Ramírez Tabacchi (born September 7, 1975) is a Peruvian former footballer.
Ramírez is nicknamed "Loverita".
Ramírez was described as "the press at that time said that he was the new 'pearl' of Peruvian football, but he never really took off".
After retiring from professional football, Ramírez worked as a youth manager in Puerto Rico. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jorge Eduardo Ramírez Tabacchi (born September 7, 1975) is a Peruvian former footballer.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ramírez is nicknamed \"Loverita\".",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Ramírez was described as \"the press at that time said that he was the new 'pearl' of Peruvian football, but he never really took off\".",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "After retiring from professional football, Ramírez worked as a youth manager in Puerto Rico.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Jorge Eduardo Ramírez Tabacchi is a Peruvian former footballer. | 2023-12-22T20:48:46Z | 2023-12-22T21:35:28Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Ram%C3%ADrez_(footballer,_born_1975) |
75,626,060 | Adeline Keating | Adeline May Keating (8 January 1885 – 7 March 1957) was an Australian businesswoman. She rose to be an international buyer for Sidney Myer's emporium. She was said to be the highest paid business woman in Australia.
Keating was born in Bendigo in 1885. Her mother was Ann Jobling (born Todd) and her father was William Kearing and she was their seventh surviving child. She had a complex relationship with her father who was a sharebroker. He regarded her as an unwanted child and her feelings evolved from respect to hate for him. He went broke and died in 1908. For the next ten years she and her mother lived in poverty and Keating gave up her dream of becoming an actress.
On 5 August 1915 Sidney Myer opened his emporium, a building so iconic that its frame is still retained in the Emporium Melbourne on the same site over 100 years later. Keating who had met Myers walked miles to join the crowd and she was hired to be a salesperson in the store. She found success in the business.
During World War One there was a shortage of men and Lee Neil recognised the ability of Adeline May Keating. In 1919 Keating was paid three pounds per week and she sailed for Japan to purchase toys as stock for the company. She became the stores chief buyer which was a role normally held by a man. She was the highest paid Australian business woman and she treated Myers disrespectfully. She was known for her tirades against him which included anti-semitic insults. However he did not sack her.
She travelled for three quarters of every year and she would return each Christmas to organise that year's toy display in the store. She went to the USA, Germany, the UK and other European countries. She was bought back in disgrace once but she kept her job. She began buying again in Japan. In 1932 she resigned and started her own manufacturing business. Keating died in the Melboune suburb of Brighton.
In 1987 Joan Hellegers' biography of her was published. It was titled "Against the Current: The Story of Adeline Keating." | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Adeline May Keating (8 January 1885 – 7 March 1957) was an Australian businesswoman. She rose to be an international buyer for Sidney Myer's emporium. She was said to be the highest paid business woman in Australia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Keating was born in Bendigo in 1885. Her mother was Ann Jobling (born Todd) and her father was William Kearing and she was their seventh surviving child. She had a complex relationship with her father who was a sharebroker. He regarded her as an unwanted child and her feelings evolved from respect to hate for him. He went broke and died in 1908. For the next ten years she and her mother lived in poverty and Keating gave up her dream of becoming an actress.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On 5 August 1915 Sidney Myer opened his emporium, a building so iconic that its frame is still retained in the Emporium Melbourne on the same site over 100 years later. Keating who had met Myers walked miles to join the crowd and she was hired to be a salesperson in the store. She found success in the business.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "During World War One there was a shortage of men and Lee Neil recognised the ability of Adeline May Keating. In 1919 Keating was paid three pounds per week and she sailed for Japan to purchase toys as stock for the company. She became the stores chief buyer which was a role normally held by a man. She was the highest paid Australian business woman and she treated Myers disrespectfully. She was known for her tirades against him which included anti-semitic insults. However he did not sack her.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "She travelled for three quarters of every year and she would return each Christmas to organise that year's toy display in the store. She went to the USA, Germany, the UK and other European countries. She was bought back in disgrace once but she kept her job. She began buying again in Japan. In 1932 she resigned and started her own manufacturing business. Keating died in the Melboune suburb of Brighton.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1987 Joan Hellegers' biography of her was published. It was titled \"Against the Current: The Story of Adeline Keating.\"",
"title": "Life"
}
] | Adeline May Keating was an Australian businesswoman. She rose to be an international buyer for Sidney Myer's emporium. She was said to be the highest paid business woman in Australia. | 2023-12-22T20:54:43Z | 2023-12-26T13:36:13Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox person",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Citation",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adeline_Keating |
75,626,061 | Asociación de Televisoras de Centroamérica y Panamá | Asociación de Televisoras de Centroamérica y Panamá (Spanish: Association of Television Companies of Central America and Panama, abbreviated ATELCAP) was a pan-regional broadcasting alliance composed of television channels from five Spanish-speaking Central American nations and Panama.
ATELCAP was founded by a group of five businessmen who each owned one television station per country, and subsequently became members by default: José Antonio Mourra (owner of Trecevisión) from Guatemala; Boris Eserski (owner of Telecorporación Salvadoreña) from El Salvador; Rafael Ferrari (owner of Canal 5) from Honduras; Octavio Sacasa (owner of Televicentro (Nicaraguan TV channel from Nicaragua; and Fernando Eleta Almaran (owner of RPC Televisión) from Panama, who together acted as presidents. Through their collaborative efforts, the owners of the channels bought imported content together and used the microwave network supplied by telecommunications company COMTELCA that was shared between the countries. Thanks to the network, the member channels provided a variety of international content to the viewers in the individual markets.
As of October 1987, the network consisted of the following members:
Nicaragua had been suspended at the time because the channels Sacasa owned (2 and 12 and their respective relayers 7 and 5) had been usurped by the state in 1979, forming Sistema Sandinista de Televisión. Per a session held in San José, and following the Esquipulas II agreement, ATELCAP demanded the return of the channels to their rightful owner, enabling the country to enter the network.
On December 1, 2006, ATELCAP and ASDER held a joint forum for the then-incoming arrival of digital terrestrial television in the region, and what should be done at the long term. It was suggested that the countries would adopt the ATSC format.
It is unknown when exactly did ATELCAP shut down; up until October 2022, the ID of the association was played on the sign-on and sign-off routines of the three TCS networks, before it was removed when TCS unveiled a new national anthem video. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Asociación de Televisoras de Centroamérica y Panamá (Spanish: Association of Television Companies of Central America and Panama, abbreviated ATELCAP) was a pan-regional broadcasting alliance composed of television channels from five Spanish-speaking Central American nations and Panama.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "ATELCAP was founded by a group of five businessmen who each owned one television station per country, and subsequently became members by default: José Antonio Mourra (owner of Trecevisión) from Guatemala; Boris Eserski (owner of Telecorporación Salvadoreña) from El Salvador; Rafael Ferrari (owner of Canal 5) from Honduras; Octavio Sacasa (owner of Televicentro (Nicaraguan TV channel from Nicaragua; and Fernando Eleta Almaran (owner of RPC Televisión) from Panama, who together acted as presidents. Through their collaborative efforts, the owners of the channels bought imported content together and used the microwave network supplied by telecommunications company COMTELCA that was shared between the countries. Thanks to the network, the member channels provided a variety of international content to the viewers in the individual markets.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "As of October 1987, the network consisted of the following members:",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Nicaragua had been suspended at the time because the channels Sacasa owned (2 and 12 and their respective relayers 7 and 5) had been usurped by the state in 1979, forming Sistema Sandinista de Televisión. Per a session held in San José, and following the Esquipulas II agreement, ATELCAP demanded the return of the channels to their rightful owner, enabling the country to enter the network.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On December 1, 2006, ATELCAP and ASDER held a joint forum for the then-incoming arrival of digital terrestrial television in the region, and what should be done at the long term. It was suggested that the countries would adopt the ATSC format.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "It is unknown when exactly did ATELCAP shut down; up until October 2022, the ID of the association was played on the sign-on and sign-off routines of the three TCS networks, before it was removed when TCS unveiled a new national anthem video.",
"title": ""
}
] | Asociación de Televisoras de Centroamérica y Panamá was a pan-regional broadcasting alliance composed of television channels from five Spanish-speaking Central American nations and Panama. ATELCAP was founded by a group of five businessmen who each owned one television station per country, and subsequently became members by default: José Antonio Mourra from Guatemala; Boris Eserski from El Salvador; Rafael Ferrari from Honduras; Octavio Sacasa (owner of Televicentro (Nicaraguan TV channel from Nicaragua; and Fernando Eleta Almaran from Panama, who together acted as presidents. Through their collaborative efforts, the owners of the channels bought imported content together and used the microwave network supplied by telecommunications company COMTELCA that was shared between the countries. Thanks to the network, the member channels provided a variety of international content to the viewers in the individual markets. As of October 1987, the network consisted of the following members: Guatemala: Canal 3, Televisiete, Teleonce, Canal 13
El Salvador: Telecorporación Salvadoreña Honduras: Televicentro (channels 3, 5 and 7
Costa Rica: Canal 2, Telecentro, Teletica
Panama: TVN, RPC Televisión, Panavisión/Telecinco, Telemetro Nicaragua had been suspended at the time because the channels Sacasa owned had been usurped by the state in 1979, forming Sistema Sandinista de Televisión. Per a session held in San José, and following the Esquipulas II agreement, ATELCAP demanded the return of the channels to their rightful owner, enabling the country to enter the network. On December 1, 2006, ATELCAP and ASDER held a joint forum for the then-incoming arrival of digital terrestrial television in the region, and what should be done at the long term. It was suggested that the countries would adopt the ATSC format. It is unknown when exactly did ATELCAP shut down; up until October 2022, the ID of the association was played on the sign-on and sign-off routines of the three TCS networks, before it was removed when TCS unveiled a new national anthem video. | 2023-12-22T20:54:47Z | 2023-12-23T04:35:37Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_de_Televisoras_de_Centroam%C3%A9rica_y_Panam%C3%A1 |
75,626,063 | Jubilee medal "100 years of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)". | "Heydər Əliyevin 100 illiyi (1923–2023)" yubiley medalı - Jubilee medal "100th Anniversary of Heydar Aliyev (1923–2023)" - jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was founded on April 11, 2023.
The anniversary medal "100 years of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)" is awarded to citizens of the Republic of Azerbaijan, foreigners and stateless persons, state and other institutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan, representatives of foreign countries and international organizations. following:
The jubilee medal "100 years of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)" is worn on the left side of the chest, after other orders and medals of the Republic of Azerbaijan and before all medals.
The designation of the jubilee medal "100th Anniversary of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)" was approved by the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated May 30, 2023.
General description of the medal
"100th Anniversary of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)" Jubilee Medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan consists of two octagonal stars with a total diameter of 42 mm, placed one above the other, made of non-ferrous metal of special composition. For cold stamping, which will be coated with a layer of 999.9 carat gold.
Obverse of the medal
On the front of the medal, there is an eight-pointed star, each corner of which is decorated with relief lines, and an eight-pointed star whose corners are decorated with white enamel. Above the white enamel eight-pointed star is a circular plate with a diameter of 26 mm, surrounded by outer and inner circles. Between the outer and inner circles, HAYDAR ALİYEV is written along the upper arc, and the numbers 1923-2023 are written along the lower arc.
Inside the inner circle, a relief of Heydar Aliyev is engraved in the center.
All elements and inscriptions are raised in relief in gold.
Reverse of the medal
The back of the medal has a smooth surface.
The medal's series and number are located at the bottom of the back of the medal.
Elements of the medal
The medal is mounted on a smooth gold plate measuring 34.5 mm x 1.5 mm at the top and 34.5 mm x 7.5 mm at the bottom, with an element for fastening to the collar of the dress, on which is engraved a wreath of laurel leaves. It is attached to the band by means of two rings and a ring, 31.5 mm x 15 mm x 31.5 mm x 15 mm.
On the black band there are green, red and blue vertical stripes, each 10.5 mm wide, reflecting the colors of the State Flag of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
The medal is fitted with a 31.5mm x 9mm die, covered with the same black ribbon, with an element to be attached to the collar of the dress. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Heydər Əliyevin 100 illiyi (1923–2023)\" yubiley medalı - Jubilee medal \"100th Anniversary of Heydar Aliyev (1923–2023)\" - jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was founded on April 11, 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The anniversary medal \"100 years of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)\" is awarded to citizens of the Republic of Azerbaijan, foreigners and stateless persons, state and other institutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan, representatives of foreign countries and international organizations. following:",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The jubilee medal \"100 years of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)\" is worn on the left side of the chest, after other orders and medals of the Republic of Azerbaijan and before all medals.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The designation of the jubilee medal \"100th Anniversary of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)\" was approved by the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated May 30, 2023.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "General description of the medal",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "\"100th Anniversary of Heydar Aliyev (1923-2023)\" Jubilee Medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan consists of two octagonal stars with a total diameter of 42 mm, placed one above the other, made of non-ferrous metal of special composition. For cold stamping, which will be coated with a layer of 999.9 carat gold.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Obverse of the medal",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "On the front of the medal, there is an eight-pointed star, each corner of which is decorated with relief lines, and an eight-pointed star whose corners are decorated with white enamel. Above the white enamel eight-pointed star is a circular plate with a diameter of 26 mm, surrounded by outer and inner circles. Between the outer and inner circles, HAYDAR ALİYEV is written along the upper arc, and the numbers 1923-2023 are written along the lower arc.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Inside the inner circle, a relief of Heydar Aliyev is engraved in the center.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "All elements and inscriptions are raised in relief in gold.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Reverse of the medal",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The back of the medal has a smooth surface.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The medal's series and number are located at the bottom of the back of the medal.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Elements of the medal",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The medal is mounted on a smooth gold plate measuring 34.5 mm x 1.5 mm at the top and 34.5 mm x 7.5 mm at the bottom, with an element for fastening to the collar of the dress, on which is engraved a wreath of laurel leaves. It is attached to the band by means of two rings and a ring, 31.5 mm x 15 mm x 31.5 mm x 15 mm.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "On the black band there are green, red and blue vertical stripes, each 10.5 mm wide, reflecting the colors of the State Flag of the Republic of Azerbaijan.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "The medal is fitted with a 31.5mm x 9mm die, covered with the same black ribbon, with an element to be attached to the collar of the dress.",
"title": "Description"
}
] | "Heydər Əliyevin 100 illiyi (1923–2023)" yubiley medalı - Jubilee medal "100th Anniversary of Heydar Aliyev (1923–2023)" - jubilee medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was founded on April 11, 2023. | 2023-12-22T20:54:59Z | 2023-12-23T20:05:17Z | [
"Template:Infobox award",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jubilee_medal_%22100_years_of_Heydar_Aliyev_(1923-2023)%22. |
75,626,066 | Polycauliona bolacina | Polycauliona bolacina, the waxy firedot lichen, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in western North America.
The lichen was first formally described as a new species in 1866 by American botanist Edward Tuckerman in 1866, as Placodium bolacinum. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Polycauliona in 2013, as part of a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of family Teloschistaceae. The species is commonly known as the "waxy firedot lichen".
Polycauliona bolacina is characterized by a thallus that has a yellow-orange color, often with a somewhat waxy texture. Its structure is primarily made up of thick squamules or convex areoles, which are either scattered or situated closely together. These components can extend up to 2 mm across and are slightly lobed. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) range from 0.7 to 2 mm in diameter, with orange disks and margins that are slightly paler in comparison. The tissues of the apothecia, including the exciple and cortex, consist of elongated cells arranged in an irregular pattern. Within the medulla, there are few crystals present. The ascospores of Polycauliona bolacina measure between 12.5 to 17.5 μm in length and 5.5 to 8.5 μm in width, with a septum that is 3 to 5.2 μm thick.
Sclerococcum knudsenii is a lichenicolous fungus that has been recorded growing on P. bolacina in California. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Polycauliona bolacina, the waxy firedot lichen, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in western North America.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The lichen was first formally described as a new species in 1866 by American botanist Edward Tuckerman in 1866, as Placodium bolacinum. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Polycauliona in 2013, as part of a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of family Teloschistaceae. The species is commonly known as the \"waxy firedot lichen\".",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Polycauliona bolacina is characterized by a thallus that has a yellow-orange color, often with a somewhat waxy texture. Its structure is primarily made up of thick squamules or convex areoles, which are either scattered or situated closely together. These components can extend up to 2 mm across and are slightly lobed. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) range from 0.7 to 2 mm in diameter, with orange disks and margins that are slightly paler in comparison. The tissues of the apothecia, including the exciple and cortex, consist of elongated cells arranged in an irregular pattern. Within the medulla, there are few crystals present. The ascospores of Polycauliona bolacina measure between 12.5 to 17.5 μm in length and 5.5 to 8.5 μm in width, with a septum that is 3 to 5.2 μm thick.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Sclerococcum knudsenii is a lichenicolous fungus that has been recorded growing on P. bolacina in California.",
"title": "Species interactions"
}
] | Polycauliona bolacina, the waxy firedot lichen, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in western North America. | 2023-12-22T20:55:17Z | 2023-12-23T11:14:36Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use US English",
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Speciesbox",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycauliona_bolacina |
75,626,077 | Omo Aikeremiokha | Omo Aikeremiokha (born 2005 in Stevenage) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.
He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Omo Aikeremiokha (born 2005 in Stevenage) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships.",
"title": ""
}
] | Omo Aikeremiokha is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | 2023-12-22T20:57:21Z | 2023-12-22T21:26:59Z | [
"Template:Infobox sportsperson",
"Template:Bronze medal",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omo_Aikeremiokha |
75,626,087 | Kelleys Island Land Field | The Kelleys Island Land Field airport (FAA LID: 89D) is a publicly owned, public use airport located on Kelley's Island, Ohio.
The airport serves many tourists visiting Kelleys Island State Park. Griffing Flying Service offers charter flights to and from the airport.
The airport has one runway, designated as runway 9/27. It measures 2202 x 50 ft (671 x 15 m) and is paved with asphalt.
In September 2019, the airport received over $100,000 to improve its drainage system. In August 2021, the airport received $360,000 to perform an environmental assessment. In September 2022, the airport received nearly $500,000 to reconstruct runway lighting. It received a further $113,000 in 2023.
For the 12-month period ending September 27, 2021, the airport had 25,550 aircraft operations, an average of 70 per day. This included 66% general aviation and 34% air taxi. For the same time period, there were two aircraft based at the airport, both single-engine airplanes. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Kelleys Island Land Field airport (FAA LID: 89D) is a publicly owned, public use airport located on Kelley's Island, Ohio.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The airport serves many tourists visiting Kelleys Island State Park. Griffing Flying Service offers charter flights to and from the airport.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The airport has one runway, designated as runway 9/27. It measures 2202 x 50 ft (671 x 15 m) and is paved with asphalt.",
"title": "Facilities and aircraft"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In September 2019, the airport received over $100,000 to improve its drainage system. In August 2021, the airport received $360,000 to perform an environmental assessment. In September 2022, the airport received nearly $500,000 to reconstruct runway lighting. It received a further $113,000 in 2023.",
"title": "Facilities and aircraft"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "For the 12-month period ending September 27, 2021, the airport had 25,550 aircraft operations, an average of 70 per day. This included 66% general aviation and 34% air taxi. For the same time period, there were two aircraft based at the airport, both single-engine airplanes.",
"title": "Facilities and aircraft"
}
] | The Kelleys Island Land Field airport is a publicly owned, public use airport located on Kelley's Island, Ohio. The airport serves many tourists visiting Kelleys Island State Park. Griffing Flying Service offers charter flights to and from the airport. | 2023-12-22T20:57:54Z | 2023-12-22T21:42:48Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox airport",
"Template:Ref-list",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelleys_Island_Land_Field |
75,626,090 | Monte Cocusso | Mount Cocusso (Kokoš in Slovenian) is a mountainous relief on the border between Italy and Slovenia. It is the highest mountain in the Trieste Karst.
In centuries past, local people referred to Mount Cucusso in a variety of ways. The inhabitants of Basovizza nicknamed it Maček ("Cat"), perceiving in it a resemblance to a large cat with glowing eyes (two bonfires were often lit on Velika Groblja and near Jirmanec). In Corgnale (Lokev), a village in Slovenia just a few kilometers from Italy, the place name Ožeg ("Burned," from the Slovenian vžgati, meaning to kindle) took hold, following a fire that developed on the northern slope and spread to the outskirts of the town. Finally, the people of Grozzana called the mountain Golina, from the Slovenian Gol ("bare.") The eastern slope was in fact stony, devoid of trees and shrubby vegetation.
On the Josephinische Landesaufnahme maps the area of Mount Cocusso has marked toponyms:
Some authors, such as the Slovenian Boris Čok, report that the present name Cocusso would derive from the oronym Golina. Golina would have been translated, by assonance, into Gallina (hen), later retranslated into Kokoš (Hen in Slovenian) and finally toponymically Italianized into Cocusso.
Dante Cannarella, a scientific popularizer and author of numerous publications on Trieste and the Karst, provides another explanation. According to him, Cocusso is a modern toponym, the Italian form of Kokus, which in Slavic languages has no meaning but is simply the Slovenian euphony of the pre-existing Concusso, deprived of a letter since in Slovenian grammar the n cannot precede the c. The first toponym was therefore Concusso (with n), already found in maps of the 17th century and in this form still in use in the first decades of the 20th century.
The toponym Kokoš is already present in the first Austro-Hungarian military maps of 1790. In the 1947 Treaty of Peace between Italy and the Allied Powers, the spelling Cocusso (without the n) appeared for the first time. Since then, all official documents and publications mention the mountain as Cocusso, thus accepting the Slovenian version that removed the n from the original name Concusso, the etymon of which is traced back to the common root cuc, or kuk (peak), found in ancient pre-Roman idioms. The toponym Kuk, Kovk or Kouk is found in Slovenia in various localities.
The highest point (672 m a.s.l., 45°38′40″N 13°53′43″E / 45.644329°N 13.895149°E / 45.644329; 13.895149) coincides with the demarcation line at milepost 79/23 and is the highest elevation in the province of Trieste. Other summits of the Cocusso are:
The ridge continues in an easterly direction descending to an elevation of 627 m a.s.l. (45°38′25″N 13°54′50″E / 45.6403°N 13.914°E / 45.6403; 13.914), a pass that is considered the physical boundary between Cocusso, its satellite elevations, and the Greater Castellaro (Veliko Gradišče, 742 m a.s.l., 45°38′24″N 13°55′43″E / 45.6401°N 13.9286°E / 45.6401; 13.9286).
Mount Cocusso can be reached by CAI trails 3 and 28, which, from Basovizza, Grozzana, or Pesek, lead to the Jirmanec peak, connected with numerous trails or cart tracks also from the Slovenian slopes.
The vegetation is mainly characterized by extensive black pine forests. On the western slope, at 550 m above sea level, there is an experimental plot of Greek fir, planted by Austrian foresters in 1884. Just above, at an elevation of 643 m a.s.l., is a hundred spruce trees, planted in 1936. The southern slope is home to the typical karst thicket of European hop-hornbeam. A few large trees are notable, including an imposing small-leaved linden (circumference 353 cm) and an isolated beech (circumference 273 cm).
The forests of Mount Cocusso are the habitat of many animal species. Prominent in terms of distribution is the roe deer, which, with about thirty heads per hundred hectares, reaches one of the highest densities in Italy. Wild boars, potentially harmful to crops, foxes and squirrels abound. More difficult to encounter are hares, badgers and weasels. From the overlooking Rosandra Valley, the common raven and the Eurasian eagle-owl travel to the Cocusso. Common are magpies, jays, buzzards, hoopoes, green and great spotted woodpeckers as well as numerous species of corvids. Birds that are not resident but are reported with some frequency include the golden eagle, honey buzzard and short-toed eagle. Bears and, more rarely, wolves have occasionally been sighted.
In the vicinity of Basovizza, the karst heath on the slopes of Cocusso has undergone restoration aimed at reintroducing grazing. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mount Cocusso (Kokoš in Slovenian) is a mountainous relief on the border between Italy and Slovenia. It is the highest mountain in the Trieste Karst.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In centuries past, local people referred to Mount Cucusso in a variety of ways. The inhabitants of Basovizza nicknamed it Maček (\"Cat\"), perceiving in it a resemblance to a large cat with glowing eyes (two bonfires were often lit on Velika Groblja and near Jirmanec). In Corgnale (Lokev), a village in Slovenia just a few kilometers from Italy, the place name Ožeg (\"Burned,\" from the Slovenian vžgati, meaning to kindle) took hold, following a fire that developed on the northern slope and spread to the outskirts of the town. Finally, the people of Grozzana called the mountain Golina, from the Slovenian Gol (\"bare.\") The eastern slope was in fact stony, devoid of trees and shrubby vegetation.",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On the Josephinische Landesaufnahme maps the area of Mount Cocusso has marked toponyms:",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Some authors, such as the Slovenian Boris Čok, report that the present name Cocusso would derive from the oronym Golina. Golina would have been translated, by assonance, into Gallina (hen), later retranslated into Kokoš (Hen in Slovenian) and finally toponymically Italianized into Cocusso.",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Dante Cannarella, a scientific popularizer and author of numerous publications on Trieste and the Karst, provides another explanation. According to him, Cocusso is a modern toponym, the Italian form of Kokus, which in Slavic languages has no meaning but is simply the Slovenian euphony of the pre-existing Concusso, deprived of a letter since in Slovenian grammar the n cannot precede the c. The first toponym was therefore Concusso (with n), already found in maps of the 17th century and in this form still in use in the first decades of the 20th century.",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The toponym Kokoš is already present in the first Austro-Hungarian military maps of 1790. In the 1947 Treaty of Peace between Italy and the Allied Powers, the spelling Cocusso (without the n) appeared for the first time. Since then, all official documents and publications mention the mountain as Cocusso, thus accepting the Slovenian version that removed the n from the original name Concusso, the etymon of which is traced back to the common root cuc, or kuk (peak), found in ancient pre-Roman idioms. The toponym Kuk, Kovk or Kouk is found in Slovenia in various localities.",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The highest point (672 m a.s.l., 45°38′40″N 13°53′43″E / 45.644329°N 13.895149°E / 45.644329; 13.895149) coincides with the demarcation line at milepost 79/23 and is the highest elevation in the province of Trieste. Other summits of the Cocusso are:",
"title": "Morphology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The ridge continues in an easterly direction descending to an elevation of 627 m a.s.l. (45°38′25″N 13°54′50″E / 45.6403°N 13.914°E / 45.6403; 13.914), a pass that is considered the physical boundary between Cocusso, its satellite elevations, and the Greater Castellaro (Veliko Gradišče, 742 m a.s.l., 45°38′24″N 13°55′43″E / 45.6401°N 13.9286°E / 45.6401; 13.9286).",
"title": "Morphology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Mount Cocusso can be reached by CAI trails 3 and 28, which, from Basovizza, Grozzana, or Pesek, lead to the Jirmanec peak, connected with numerous trails or cart tracks also from the Slovenian slopes.",
"title": "Morphology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The vegetation is mainly characterized by extensive black pine forests. On the western slope, at 550 m above sea level, there is an experimental plot of Greek fir, planted by Austrian foresters in 1884. Just above, at an elevation of 643 m a.s.l., is a hundred spruce trees, planted in 1936. The southern slope is home to the typical karst thicket of European hop-hornbeam. A few large trees are notable, including an imposing small-leaved linden (circumference 353 cm) and an isolated beech (circumference 273 cm).",
"title": "Flora and fauna"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The forests of Mount Cocusso are the habitat of many animal species. Prominent in terms of distribution is the roe deer, which, with about thirty heads per hundred hectares, reaches one of the highest densities in Italy. Wild boars, potentially harmful to crops, foxes and squirrels abound. More difficult to encounter are hares, badgers and weasels. From the overlooking Rosandra Valley, the common raven and the Eurasian eagle-owl travel to the Cocusso. Common are magpies, jays, buzzards, hoopoes, green and great spotted woodpeckers as well as numerous species of corvids. Birds that are not resident but are reported with some frequency include the golden eagle, honey buzzard and short-toed eagle. Bears and, more rarely, wolves have occasionally been sighted.",
"title": "Flora and fauna"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In the vicinity of Basovizza, the karst heath on the slopes of Cocusso has undergone restoration aimed at reintroducing grazing.",
"title": "Flora and fauna"
}
] | Mount Cocusso is a mountainous relief on the border between Italy and Slovenia. It is the highest mountain in the Trieste Karst. | 2023-12-22T20:58:13Z | 2023-12-26T16:06:26Z | [
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75,626,095 | Mumbaicha Faujdar | Mumbaicha Faujdar (transl. Policeman of Mumbai) is a 1984 Indian Marathi-language romantic comedy film directed by Rajdutt and produced by Manohar Randive under the banner of Manohari Chitra. It was written by Vasant Sabnis from a story by Anil Barve, and it stars Ravindra Mahajani and Ranjana in the lead roles. The plot centers on a Bombay police officer who marries a village girl who is connected to a criminal base.
A Bombay sub-inspector who is in love with a contemporary woman is compelled to wed a country belle. He soon finds it difficult to fit in with her rural ways of living.
The music is composed by Viswanath More, and the background music is provided by Anuradha Paudwal and Suresh Wadkar, while the lyrics are written by Jagdish Khebudkar. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mumbaicha Faujdar (transl. Policeman of Mumbai) is a 1984 Indian Marathi-language romantic comedy film directed by Rajdutt and produced by Manohar Randive under the banner of Manohari Chitra. It was written by Vasant Sabnis from a story by Anil Barve, and it stars Ravindra Mahajani and Ranjana in the lead roles. The plot centers on a Bombay police officer who marries a village girl who is connected to a criminal base.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "A Bombay sub-inspector who is in love with a contemporary woman is compelled to wed a country belle. He soon finds it difficult to fit in with her rural ways of living.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The music is composed by Viswanath More, and the background music is provided by Anuradha Paudwal and Suresh Wadkar, while the lyrics are written by Jagdish Khebudkar.",
"title": "Soundtrack"
}
] | Mumbaicha Faujdar is a 1984 Indian Marathi-language romantic comedy film directed by Rajdutt and produced by Manohar Randive under the banner of Manohari Chitra. It was written by Vasant Sabnis from a story by Anil Barve, and it stars Ravindra Mahajani and Ranjana in the lead roles. The plot centers on a Bombay police officer who marries a village girl who is connected to a criminal base. | 2023-12-22T20:58:45Z | 2023-12-27T20:21:03Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbaicha_Faujdar |
75,626,097 | Campos-Chaves v. Garland | Campos-Chaves v. Garland (Docket No. 22-674) is a case pending before the Supreme Court of the United States. The case asks whether the government may comply with its obligations under 8 U.S.C. § 1229(a)(1) and (2) when it provides an initial notice to appear with a date and location "to be determined" and a subsequent notice with that information included.
The case is consolidated with Garland v. Singh (Docket No. 22-884). The Supreme Court is scheduled to hear oral arguments on January 8, 2024.
Moris Esmelis Campos-Chaves is a citizen of El Salvador who entered the United States without authorization on January 24, 2005. The United States Department of Homeland Security initiated deportation proceedings against him, serving him with a notice to appear (NTA). The document did not include the "time and location" of the hearing. The government subsequently sent, and Campos-Chaves received, an updated NTA listing a time and location for his hearing. Campos-Chaves failed to appear at the hearing and was ordered removed in absentia. In 2018, he moved to re-open his case, alleging that his NTA was defective, so his removal order should be rescinded. The Immigration Judge denied his motion, the Board of Immigration Appeals affirmed the denial, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit denied his petition to review the BIA decision.
Campos-Chaves appealed to the Supreme Court, which granted certiorari on June 30, 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Campos-Chaves v. Garland (Docket No. 22-674) is a case pending before the Supreme Court of the United States. The case asks whether the government may comply with its obligations under 8 U.S.C. § 1229(a)(1) and (2) when it provides an initial notice to appear with a date and location \"to be determined\" and a subsequent notice with that information included.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The case is consolidated with Garland v. Singh (Docket No. 22-884). The Supreme Court is scheduled to hear oral arguments on January 8, 2024.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Moris Esmelis Campos-Chaves is a citizen of El Salvador who entered the United States without authorization on January 24, 2005. The United States Department of Homeland Security initiated deportation proceedings against him, serving him with a notice to appear (NTA). The document did not include the \"time and location\" of the hearing. The government subsequently sent, and Campos-Chaves received, an updated NTA listing a time and location for his hearing. Campos-Chaves failed to appear at the hearing and was ordered removed in absentia. In 2018, he moved to re-open his case, alleging that his NTA was defective, so his removal order should be rescinded. The Immigration Judge denied his motion, the Board of Immigration Appeals affirmed the denial, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit denied his petition to review the BIA decision.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Campos-Chaves appealed to the Supreme Court, which granted certiorari on June 30, 2023.",
"title": "Background"
}
] | Campos-Chaves v. Garland is a case pending before the Supreme Court of the United States. The case asks whether the government may comply with its obligations under 8 U.S.C. § 1229(a)(1) and (2) when it provides an initial notice to appear with a date and location "to be determined" and a subsequent notice with that information included. The case is consolidated with Garland v. Singh. The Supreme Court is scheduled to hear oral arguments on January 8, 2024. | 2023-12-22T20:58:53Z | 2023-12-23T06:16:38Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campos-Chaves_v._Garland |
75,626,114 | UMkhonto we Sizwe (political party) | uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK) is a South African political party founded in December 2023. The party is named after uMkhonto we Sizwe (also shortened to MK), the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC) during apartheid. However, the ANC has threatened legal action over the usage of the name, and the formation has been criticised by original MK veterans.
The party rose to prominence in December 2023, when former president Jacob Zuma announced that, while planning to remain a lifelong member of the ANC, he would not be campaigning for the ANC in the 2024 South African general election, and would instead be voting for MK. He stated that "I cannot and will not" campaign for the ANC of current president Cyril Ramaphosa, Zuma's successor, and that to do so would be a 'betrayal'. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK) is a South African political party founded in December 2023. The party is named after uMkhonto we Sizwe (also shortened to MK), the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC) during apartheid. However, the ANC has threatened legal action over the usage of the name, and the formation has been criticised by original MK veterans.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The party rose to prominence in December 2023, when former president Jacob Zuma announced that, while planning to remain a lifelong member of the ANC, he would not be campaigning for the ANC in the 2024 South African general election, and would instead be voting for MK. He stated that \"I cannot and will not\" campaign for the ANC of current president Cyril Ramaphosa, Zuma's successor, and that to do so would be a 'betrayal'.",
"title": ""
}
] | uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK) is a South African political party founded in December 2023. The party is named after uMkhonto we Sizwe, the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC) during apartheid. However, the ANC has threatened legal action over the usage of the name, and the formation has been criticised by original MK veterans. The party rose to prominence in December 2023, when former president Jacob Zuma announced that, while planning to remain a lifelong member of the ANC, he would not be campaigning for the ANC in the 2024 South African general election, and would instead be voting for MK. He stated that "I cannot and will not" campaign for the ANC of current president Cyril Ramaphosa, Zuma's successor, and that to do so would be a 'betrayal'. | 2023-12-22T21:00:11Z | 2023-12-30T01:49:19Z | [
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75,626,132 | The Rapture (2023 film) | The Rapture (French: Le Ravissement) is a 2023 drama film written and directed by Iris Kaltenbäck in her feature directorial debut.
A young woman tries to pass off her best friend's baby as her own.
The film was selected to be screened in the Critics' Week] section of the 76th Cannes Film Festival, where it had its world premiere on 20 May 2022. The film was theatrically released in France on 11 October 2022 by Diaphana Distribution.
The Rapture received an average rating of 3.9 out of 5 stars on the French website AlloCiné, based on 30 reviews. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Rapture (French: Le Ravissement) is a 2023 drama film written and directed by Iris Kaltenbäck in her feature directorial debut.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "A young woman tries to pass off her best friend's baby as her own.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The film was selected to be screened in the Critics' Week] section of the 76th Cannes Film Festival, where it had its world premiere on 20 May 2022. The film was theatrically released in France on 11 October 2022 by Diaphana Distribution.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Rapture received an average rating of 3.9 out of 5 stars on the French website AlloCiné, based on 30 reviews.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | The Rapture is a 2023 drama film written and directed by Iris Kaltenbäck in her feature directorial debut. | 2023-12-22T21:03:28Z | 2023-12-23T09:07:39Z | [
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75,626,138 | At the Golden Circle | At the Golden Circle is a live album by jazz pianist Bud Powell, bassist Torbjorn Hultcrantz, and drummer Sune Spångberg. Recorded at the Golden Circle jazz club in Stockholm on two nights, it was released as a five-volume set by SteepleChase. SteepleChase condensed the album into two volumes in a later release as Swedish Pastry.
Scott Yanow addressed each of the volumes individually, but assigned them all three stars. He noted, "The entire series is worth picking up by listeners who enjoy bop-based piano" and praised the music while criticizing the length of the album. Richard Cook in The Penguin Guide to Jazz sharply criticized the number of volumes, claiming "Volume 5 is probably a disc too far."
All compositions by Bud Powell unless otherwise indicated | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "At the Golden Circle is a live album by jazz pianist Bud Powell, bassist Torbjorn Hultcrantz, and drummer Sune Spångberg. Recorded at the Golden Circle jazz club in Stockholm on two nights, it was released as a five-volume set by SteepleChase. SteepleChase condensed the album into two volumes in a later release as Swedish Pastry.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Scott Yanow addressed each of the volumes individually, but assigned them all three stars. He noted, \"The entire series is worth picking up by listeners who enjoy bop-based piano\" and praised the music while criticizing the length of the album. Richard Cook in The Penguin Guide to Jazz sharply criticized the number of volumes, claiming \"Volume 5 is probably a disc too far.\"",
"title": "Critical reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "All compositions by Bud Powell unless otherwise indicated",
"title": "Track listing"
}
] | At the Golden Circle is a live album by jazz pianist Bud Powell, bassist Torbjorn Hultcrantz, and drummer Sune Spångberg. Recorded at the Golden Circle jazz club in Stockholm on two nights, it was released as a five-volume set by SteepleChase. SteepleChase condensed the album into two volumes in a later release as Swedish Pastry. | 2023-12-22T21:04:41Z | 2023-12-28T23:00:45Z | [
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75,626,165 | Lenka Hlávková | Lenka Hlávková (née Mráčková; 17 August 1974 – 21 December 2023) was a Czech musicologist. She served as head of the Institute of Musicology of Faculty of Arts, Charles University from 2012 to 2015 and again from 2021 until being fatally shot in the Prague mass shooting.
Hlávková studied musicology at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. She finished her master's studies in 1998, and in 2004 she received her Ph.D. During her studies, she completed internships abroad, including a doctoral internship at the Humboldt University of Berlin from 1999–2000.
Hlávková worked as an assistant professor at the Institute of Musicology at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University, where from 2012 to 2015 she was director, then deputy director, and then from December 2021, director of the institute again. She participated in various research projects and was the author of several professional articles. She had been a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts since 2019. She specialized in Renaissance music, the musical culture of Central Europe in the Late Middle Ages, and researched Czech music of the 15th and 16th century. She also worked to relate musical traditions within the context of the Hussite and post-Hussite time periods for contemporary listeners and experts.
Hlávková is a fatality of the Prague mass shooting at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University on 21 December 2023, when Hlávková was apparently on her way out of her office on the fourth floor when the shooting started, as an an Advent concert was also starting at in the faculty building, in which thirteen more people were also killed, Hlávková was 49. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lenka Hlávková (née Mráčková; 17 August 1974 – 21 December 2023) was a Czech musicologist. She served as head of the Institute of Musicology of Faculty of Arts, Charles University from 2012 to 2015 and again from 2021 until being fatally shot in the Prague mass shooting.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Hlávková studied musicology at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. She finished her master's studies in 1998, and in 2004 she received her Ph.D. During her studies, she completed internships abroad, including a doctoral internship at the Humboldt University of Berlin from 1999–2000.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Hlávková worked as an assistant professor at the Institute of Musicology at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University, where from 2012 to 2015 she was director, then deputy director, and then from December 2021, director of the institute again. She participated in various research projects and was the author of several professional articles. She had been a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts since 2019. She specialized in Renaissance music, the musical culture of Central Europe in the Late Middle Ages, and researched Czech music of the 15th and 16th century. She also worked to relate musical traditions within the context of the Hussite and post-Hussite time periods for contemporary listeners and experts.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Hlávková is a fatality of the Prague mass shooting at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University on 21 December 2023, when Hlávková was apparently on her way out of her office on the fourth floor when the shooting started, as an an Advent concert was also starting at in the faculty building, in which thirteen more people were also killed, Hlávková was 49.",
"title": "Death"
}
] | Lenka Hlávková was a Czech musicologist. She served as head of the Institute of Musicology of Faculty of Arts, Charles University from 2012 to 2015 and again from 2021 until being fatally shot in the Prague mass shooting. | 2023-12-22T21:07:45Z | 2023-12-27T03:36:02Z | [
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75,626,183 | Daniel Berridge | Daniel Berridge (born 1995 in Kettering) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.
He won bronze medals at the at the Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships in 2021 and 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Daniel Berridge (born 1995 in Kettering) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He won bronze medals at the at the Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships in 2021 and 2023.",
"title": ""
}
] | Daniel Berridge is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won bronze medals at the at the Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships in 2021 and 2023. | 2023-12-22T21:09:42Z | 2023-12-22T21:39:40Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Berridge |
75,626,187 | John Campbell (Arkansas politician) | John Campbell (1806 - November 19, 1879) was a farmer, miller, teacher, surveyor, judge, and politician in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas Senate from Searcy County and was a delegate at the secession convention.
Born in Warren County, Tennessee, Campbell moved to Searcy County, Arkansas in 1837.
He served in the Mexican-American War. A Unionist, he initially voted against secession but succumbed to pressure and eventually backed it at the convention. He served in the Confederate Army. He served two terms in the Arkansas Senate. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "John Campbell (1806 - November 19, 1879) was a farmer, miller, teacher, surveyor, judge, and politician in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas Senate from Searcy County and was a delegate at the secession convention.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Warren County, Tennessee, Campbell moved to Searcy County, Arkansas in 1837.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He served in the Mexican-American War. A Unionist, he initially voted against secession but succumbed to pressure and eventually backed it at the convention. He served in the Confederate Army. He served two terms in the Arkansas Senate.",
"title": ""
}
] | John Campbell was a farmer, miller, teacher, surveyor, judge, and politician in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas Senate from Searcy County and was a delegate at the secession convention. Born in Warren County, Tennessee, Campbell moved to Searcy County, Arkansas in 1837. He served in the Mexican-American War. A Unionist, he initially voted against secession but succumbed to pressure and eventually backed it at the convention. He served in the Confederate Army. He served two terms in the Arkansas Senate. | 2023-12-22T21:09:51Z | 2023-12-24T00:41:31Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Campbell_(Arkansas_politician) |
75,626,199 | 2024 in British radio | This is a list of events taking place in 2024 relating to radio in the United Kingdom. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "This is a list of events taking place in 2024 relating to radio in the United Kingdom.",
"title": ""
}
] | This is a list of events taking place in 2024 relating to radio in the United Kingdom. | 2023-12-22T21:11:28Z | 2023-12-30T16:00:49Z | [
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Use British English",
"Template:Year nav topic5",
"Template:Empty section",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_in_British_radio |
75,626,223 | Micarea sipmanii | Micarea sipmanii is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Pilocarpaceae. It was described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Emmanuël Sérusiaux and Brian John Coppins. The species epithet honours Dutch lichenologist Harrie Sipman. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the Riviere duy Grand Carbet, (Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe), where it was growing in a wet forest. It is known to occur only at the type locality, despite searches for it on other parts of the island. Its primary morphological characteristics is its arbuscular (i.e., shaped like or resembling a small tree or shrub) pycnidia, which the authors describe as "spectacular". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Micarea sipmanii is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Pilocarpaceae. It was described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Emmanuël Sérusiaux and Brian John Coppins. The species epithet honours Dutch lichenologist Harrie Sipman. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the Riviere duy Grand Carbet, (Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe), where it was growing in a wet forest. It is known to occur only at the type locality, despite searches for it on other parts of the island. Its primary morphological characteristics is its arbuscular (i.e., shaped like or resembling a small tree or shrub) pycnidia, which the authors describe as \"spectacular\".",
"title": ""
}
] | Micarea sipmanii is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Pilocarpaceae. It was described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Emmanuël Sérusiaux and Brian John Coppins. The species epithet honours Dutch lichenologist Harrie Sipman. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the Riviere duy Grand Carbet,, where it was growing in a wet forest. It is known to occur only at the type locality, despite searches for it on other parts of the island. Its primary morphological characteristics is its arbuscular pycnidia, which the authors describe as "spectacular". | 2023-12-22T21:15:36Z | 2023-12-22T21:15:36Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Speciesbox",
"Template:Lichengloss",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Taxonbar"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micarea_sipmanii |
75,626,224 | Lewis Gosling | Lewis Gosling (born 2003 in Welwyn Garden City) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.
He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lewis Gosling (born 2003 in Welwyn Garden City) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships.",
"title": ""
}
] | Lewis Gosling is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | 2023-12-22T21:15:53Z | 2023-12-22T22:05:54Z | [
"Template:Infobox sportsperson",
"Template:Bronze medal",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Trampolining-bio-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Gosling |
75,626,236 | Roberto Farfán | Roberto Farfán Quispe (born December 16, 1973) is a Peruvian former footballer who last played as a striker for Atlético Torino.
Farfán is nicknamed "Foca".
Farfán played for Peruvian side Universitario, helping the club win the league.
Farfán mainly operated as a striker and was known for his goal celebrations.
Farfán is the uncle of Peru international Jefferson Farfán. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Roberto Farfán Quispe (born December 16, 1973) is a Peruvian former footballer who last played as a striker for Atlético Torino.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Farfán is nicknamed \"Foca\".",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Farfán played for Peruvian side Universitario, helping the club win the league.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Farfán mainly operated as a striker and was known for his goal celebrations.",
"title": "Style of play"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Farfán is the uncle of Peru international Jefferson Farfán.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Roberto Farfán Quispe is a Peruvian former footballer who last played as a striker for Atlético Torino. | 2023-12-22T21:18:12Z | 2023-12-22T21:18:12Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Farf%C3%A1n |
75,626,237 | Xanthoparmelia morrisii | Xanthoparmelia morrisii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Tasmania, Australia, it was formally described by lichenologist John Alan Elix and Gintaras Kantvilas in 2009. The species epithet honours the Tasmanian botanist Dennis Ivor Morris. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Xanthoparmelia morrisii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Tasmania, Australia, it was formally described by lichenologist John Alan Elix and Gintaras Kantvilas in 2009. The species epithet honours the Tasmanian botanist Dennis Ivor Morris.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Xanthoparmelia morrisii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Tasmania, Australia, it was formally described by lichenologist John Alan Elix and Gintaras Kantvilas in 2009. The species epithet honours the Tasmanian botanist Dennis Ivor Morris. | 2023-12-22T21:18:14Z | 2023-12-22T21:18:14Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Parmeliaceae-stub",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use Australian English",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Speciesbox"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthoparmelia_morrisii |
75,626,255 | Xanthoparmelia subvicariella | Xanthoparmelia subvicariella is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Tasmania, Australia, it was formally described by lichenologist John Alan Elix and Gintaras Kantvilas in 2009. The species epithet refers to the similarity this species has with Xanthoparmelia vicariella. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Xanthoparmelia subvicariella is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Tasmania, Australia, it was formally described by lichenologist John Alan Elix and Gintaras Kantvilas in 2009. The species epithet refers to the similarity this species has with Xanthoparmelia vicariella.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Xanthoparmelia subvicariella is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Tasmania, Australia, it was formally described by lichenologist John Alan Elix and Gintaras Kantvilas in 2009. The species epithet refers to the similarity this species has with Xanthoparmelia vicariella. | 2023-12-22T21:21:34Z | 2023-12-22T21:21:34Z | [
"Template:Speciesbox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Parmeliaceae-stub",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use Australian English",
"Template:Use dmy dates"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthoparmelia_subvicariella |
75,626,270 | Medal "For the Homeland" (Azerbaijan) | "Vətən uğrunda" medalı - Medal "For the Homeland" - state award of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was established on 10 November 1992 and its charter was approved on 29 December 1998.
The "For the Homeland" medal was created by the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Abulfaz Elchibey Aliyev, by Law No. 370 dated November 10, 1992.
The status of the medal was approved by the Law No. 608-IQ of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated December 29, 1998. According to the regulations, the medal is awarded to:
For their participation in ensuring the territorial integrity of the Republic of Azerbaijan;
Due to its activities to ensure the national security of the state;
For his participation in the defense of the state structure.
The Medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan "For the Homeland" is worn on the left side of the chest after orders, if there are other orders and medals.
The description of the "For the Homeland" medal is given in 2 different ways.
The first image of the medal was approved by the Law No. 34-IIQ of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated December 8, 2000. The definition of medal in the law in question is as follows:
The coat of arms of the Republic of Azerbaijan is located in the middle of the medal, and two crossed swords are shown underneath. Above the coat of arms, the inscription "For the Motherland" is written along the circle. The text and pictures are eye-catching.
The reverse side has a smooth surface and the medal's number is engraved in the middle.
The medal is attached via a ring and ring to a 27mm x 43mm thin rectangular plate wrapped in black ribbon in a dark and light oak tone. At the bottom of the plate there is a ring-shaped rectangular protrusion in the style of a national ornament, and on the back there is a corresponding fastening element for fastening to clothing.
The medal is accompanied by a 27mm x 9mm die made from the same black ribbon, with a crescent and star design, and an element to be attached to clothing.
The second and current definition of the coin was approved by the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan No. 730-IVQD dated September 30, 2013. The description of the medal is as follows:
There is the State coat of arms of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the middle of the medal, and two crossed swords underneath. The phrase "For the Homeland" is written on the upper part of the state coat of arms of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The text and pictures are eye-catching.
The back has a smooth surface and the series and number of the medal are engraved in the middle.
The medal is attached to a 37mm x 50mm rectangular black ribbon that includes a loop and ring for attachment to clothing. Three stripes are depicted in the middle of the black ribbon of dark oak color. All three light oak colored stripes are 15mm wide at the centre, with 3mm wide stripes spaced along the edges, 2mm away from the center stripe. A 40 mm x 5 mm gold layer with a 40 mm x 7 mm national ornament image is adhered to the top of the black stripe.
The medal is accompanied by a 37 mm x 10 mm die made from the same black ribbon and containing an element for attachment to clothing. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Vətən uğrunda\" medalı - Medal \"For the Homeland\" - state award of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was established on 10 November 1992 and its charter was approved on 29 December 1998.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The \"For the Homeland\" medal was created by the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Abulfaz Elchibey Aliyev, by Law No. 370 dated November 10, 1992.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The status of the medal was approved by the Law No. 608-IQ of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated December 29, 1998. According to the regulations, the medal is awarded to:",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "For their participation in ensuring the territorial integrity of the Republic of Azerbaijan;",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Due to its activities to ensure the national security of the state;",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "For his participation in the defense of the state structure.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The Medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan \"For the Homeland\" is worn on the left side of the chest after orders, if there are other orders and medals.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The description of the \"For the Homeland\" medal is given in 2 different ways.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The first image of the medal was approved by the Law No. 34-IIQ of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated December 8, 2000. The definition of medal in the law in question is as follows:",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The coat of arms of the Republic of Azerbaijan is located in the middle of the medal, and two crossed swords are shown underneath. Above the coat of arms, the inscription \"For the Motherland\" is written along the circle. The text and pictures are eye-catching.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The reverse side has a smooth surface and the medal's number is engraved in the middle.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The medal is attached via a ring and ring to a 27mm x 43mm thin rectangular plate wrapped in black ribbon in a dark and light oak tone. At the bottom of the plate there is a ring-shaped rectangular protrusion in the style of a national ornament, and on the back there is a corresponding fastening element for fastening to clothing.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The medal is accompanied by a 27mm x 9mm die made from the same black ribbon, with a crescent and star design, and an element to be attached to clothing.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "The second and current definition of the coin was approved by the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan No. 730-IVQD dated September 30, 2013. The description of the medal is as follows:",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "There is the State coat of arms of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the middle of the medal, and two crossed swords underneath. The phrase \"For the Homeland\" is written on the upper part of the state coat of arms of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The text and pictures are eye-catching.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "The back has a smooth surface and the series and number of the medal are engraved in the middle.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "The medal is attached to a 37mm x 50mm rectangular black ribbon that includes a loop and ring for attachment to clothing. Three stripes are depicted in the middle of the black ribbon of dark oak color. All three light oak colored stripes are 15mm wide at the centre, with 3mm wide stripes spaced along the edges, 2mm away from the center stripe. A 40 mm x 5 mm gold layer with a 40 mm x 7 mm national ornament image is adhered to the top of the black stripe.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "The medal is accompanied by a 37 mm x 10 mm die made from the same black ribbon and containing an element for attachment to clothing.",
"title": "Description"
}
] | "Vətən uğrunda" medalı - Medal "For the Homeland" - state award of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was established on 10 November 1992 and its charter was approved on 29 December 1998. | 2023-12-22T21:22:53Z | 2023-12-28T22:32:04Z | [
"Template:Infobox award",
"Template:Blockquote",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Uncategorized",
"Template:Orders, decorations, and medals of Azerbaijan"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_%22For_the_Homeland%22_(Azerbaijan) |
75,626,284 | Xanthoparmelia knudsenii | Xanthoparmelia knudsenii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in the United States, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Arne Thell, John Alan Elix and Ulrik Søchting. The type specimen was collected from Mohave County, Arizona in May 2003. The species epithet honors American lichenologist Kerry Knudsen. The distribution of this species includes southwestern North America, extending south to central Mexico. It grows on acidic rocks in semi-open woodlands. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Xanthoparmelia knudsenii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in the United States, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Arne Thell, John Alan Elix and Ulrik Søchting. The type specimen was collected from Mohave County, Arizona in May 2003. The species epithet honors American lichenologist Kerry Knudsen. The distribution of this species includes southwestern North America, extending south to central Mexico. It grows on acidic rocks in semi-open woodlands.",
"title": ""
}
] | Xanthoparmelia knudsenii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in the United States, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Arne Thell, John Alan Elix and Ulrik Søchting. The type specimen was collected from Mohave County, Arizona in May 2003. The species epithet honors American lichenologist Kerry Knudsen. The distribution of this species includes southwestern North America, extending south to central Mexico. It grows on acidic rocks in semi-open woodlands. | 2023-12-22T21:24:32Z | 2023-12-22T21:24:32Z | [
"Template:Use US English",
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Speciesbox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthoparmelia_knudsenii |
75,626,293 | Marshall Frost | Marshall Frost (born 2005 in Stevenage) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.
He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Marshall Frost (born 2005 in Stevenage) is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships.",
"title": ""
}
] | Marshall Frost is a British athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics. He won a bronze medal at the at the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships. | 2023-12-22T21:25:34Z | 2023-12-22T22:06:14Z | [
"Template:Bronze medal",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Infobox sportsperson"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Frost |
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