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10.1038/s41467-019-10373-z | Biology_easy_452 | "Whole-genome comparisons with less dominant, generalist fungi point at a significantly higher number of genes related to stress-tolerance and resource uptake in the dominant fungi, suggesting that they might be better in colonizing a wide range of environments," scientists wrote in their paper. | Whole-genome comparisons with less dominant, generalist fungi point at a significantly higher number of genes related to stress-tolerance and resource uptake in the dominant fungi, suggesting that they might be better in colonising a wide range of environments. | The study results, published this week in the journal Nature Communications, showed microbial communities in soil across the globe are dominated by the same few species. "Whole-genome comparisons with less dominant, generalist fungi point at a significantly higher number of genes related to stress-tolerance and resource uptake in the dominant fungi, suggesting that they might be better in colonizing a wide range of environments," scientists wrote in their paper. Researchers suggests an improved understanding of microbial distribution across global soils and ecosystems can aid conservation efforts. | Our findings indicate that 83 phylotypes (<0.1% of the retrieved fungi), mostly belonging to wind dispersed, generalist Ascomycota, dominate soils globally. Whole-genome comparisons with less dominant, generalist fungi point at a significantly higher number of genes related to stress-tolerance and resource uptake in the dominant fungi, suggesting that they might be better in colonising a wide range of environments. Our findings constitute a major advance in our understanding of the ecology of fungi, and have implications for the development of strategies to preserve them and the ecosystem functions they provide. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39357877793&p=1pl&v=1&x=Dt5iT9DrdF2l58oRR6ph9g |
10.1098/rsbl.2017.0656 | Biology_easy_453 | "Our measurements likely underestimate the soundscape potential of the event, given the intense, persistent fishing activity that has greatly reduced the size of the adult population," the authors explained. | Notably, our measurements likely underestimate the soundscape potential of the event, given the intense, persistent fishing activity that has greatly reduced the size of the adult population . | In fact, if it weren't for overfishing, the fish chorus would probably be even louder. "Our measurements likely underestimate the soundscape potential of the event, given the intense, persistent fishing activity that has greatly reduced the size of the adult population," the authors explained. Erisman and Rowell warned that fishing is actually damaging the unique marine event. | The chorus of the aggregation can elevate the local soundscape 21 times louder than ambient levels, making these unique acoustic behavioural events a true wildlife spectacle. Notably, our measurements likely underestimate the soundscape potential of the event, given the intense, persistent fishing activity that has greatly reduced the size of the adult population . crickets and frogs) [31] , the loud sounds produced by male corvina during spawning may facilitate communication among potential mates in a noisy environment made even noisier by the synchronous chorusing of conspecifics (i.e. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32827188427&p=1pl&v=1&x=s1a6sJtO1c-BRdsIlYQRsQ |
10.1038/ncomms4635 | Biology_easy_455 | The study found that the most important approach to the earliest possible detection of a significant sea level acceleration lies in improved understanding (and subsequent removal) of interannual (occurring between years, or from one year to the next) to multidecadal (involving multiple decades) variability in sea level records. | We find that the most important approach to earliest possible detection of a significant sea level acceleration lies in improved understanding (and subsequent removal) of interannual to multidecadal variability in sea level records. | Scientists should continue to update the analysis every 5 to 10 years, creating more certainty in long-term planning -- and helping develop solutions for a changing planet." The study found that the most important approach to the earliest possible detection of a significant sea level acceleration lies in improved understanding (and subsequent removal) of interannual (occurring between years, or from one year to the next) to multidecadal (involving multiple decades) variability in sea level records. Such processes introduce a large amount of 'noise' into the record, masking any underlying acceleration in the rate of rise. | We find that the most important approach to earliest possible detection of a significant sea level acceleration lies in improved understanding (and subsequent removal) of interannual to multidecadal variability in sea level records. The lower end is broadly consistent with linear continuation of the average rate of rise observed over the 0th century , while the upper value (and larger projected rises ) requires a significant increase (that is, an acceleration) on the average 0th century rate. Earliest possible detection of a significant increase in the rate of sea level rise is helpful to inform the public and support direct political action to enable adequate adaptation , particularly for projections with higher rates of rise. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140509074116.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1073/pnas.1420105111 | Biology_easy_456 | "Our strategy may provide an approach to improving the therapeutic indices of aptamer-based medicines." | Our strategy may provide an approach to improving the therapeutic indices of aptamer-based medicines. | While UV light has limitations in its ability to penetrate tissue, the researchers suggest that leveraging infrared light -- which has greater penetration depths -- or introducing UV light via endoscopy are areas for further exploration. "The importance of this research is in the demonstration of the spatiotemporal regulation of aptamer activity in vitro and in vivo that can be achieved by a photo-triggered strategy," says Lele Li, one of the paper's lead authors. "Our strategy may provide an approach to improving the therapeutic indices of aptamer-based medicines." | Furthermore, the relative distribution of the aptamer to the tumor was enhanced in relation to uptake by the liver and kidneys. Our strategy may provide an approach to improving the therapeutic indices of aptamer-based medicines. (Fig. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141203151804.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_technology+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Technology+News%29 |
10.1007/s10530-016-1101-x | Biology_easy_459 | Although their impacts are small compared to those of rodents, earthworms may act as significant predators of some seeds, especially those too small to be preferred by vertebrates. | Our results suggest that although their impacts generally are small compared to those of rodents, earthworms may act as significant predators of some seeds, particularly those too small to be preferred by vertebrates. | Kotanen says the results suggest that earthworms could be having a greater impact on temperate forest plant life than previously imagined. Although their impacts are small compared to those of rodents, earthworms may act as significant predators of some seeds, especially those too small to be preferred by vertebrates. "Seeds that are safe from rodents may be vulnerable to worms. | This is the first earthworm exclosure field experiment of which we are aware. Our results suggest that although their impacts generally are small compared to those of rodents, earthworms may act as significant predators of some seeds, particularly those too small to be preferred by vertebrates. Species with eliaosomes were not used so as to mitigate any effect of myrmecochory. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://www.futurity.org/invasive-species-earthworms-seeds-1158392-2/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.021 | Biology_easy_461 | "The findings indicate that PRDM16 and beige adipocytes [fat cells] are required for the 'browning' of white fat and the healthful effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue," said the authors. | These findings indicate that PRDM16 and beige adipocytes are required for the ''browning'' of white fat and the healthful effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue. | "The findings indicate that PRDM16 and beige adipocytes [fat cells] are required for the 'browning' of white fat and the healthful effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue," said the authors. In the future, the discovery "might lead to pharmacologic strategies to treat obesity-related diseases," said Cohen, the study's first author. "The goal would be to create healthier fat," possibly by manipulating PRDM16 in the body, he said. | Transplantation of subcutaneous fat into mice with diet-induced obesity showed a loss of metabolic benefit when tissues were derived from PRDM16 mutant animals. These findings indicate that PRDM16 and beige adipocytes are required for the ''browning'' of white fat and the healthful effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue. The location where fat is deposited appears to have a great influence on the likelihood of an individual developing many of the sequelae of obesity . | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/01/18/beige-fat-cells-key-healthier-fat/ |
10.1098/rsbl.2013.0620 | Biology_easy_462 | The research suggests that cheetah chases comprise two primary phases, the first an initial rapid acceleration resulting in high speed to quickly catch up with prey, followed by a second, which is a prey-specific slowing period, five to eight seconds before the end of the chase, that enables the cheetah to match turns instigated by prey as the distance between them closes. | Rather, we suggest that cheetah chases comprise two primary phases: (i) an initial rapid acceleration resulting in high speed to quickly catch up with prey, followed by (ii) a prey-specific slowing period that enables the cheetah to match turns instigated by prey as the distance between them closes. | Basically, cheetahs have clear different chase strategies depending on prey species." The research suggests that cheetah chases comprise two primary phases, the first an initial rapid acceleration resulting in high speed to quickly catch up with prey, followed by a second, which is a prey-specific slowing period, five to eight seconds before the end of the chase, that enables the cheetah to match turns instigated by prey as the distance between them closes. advertisement
Dr Scantlebury added: "We have discovered that cheetahs first accelerate rapidly to get them close to the prey but then have to actively slow down to be able to match prey escape manoeuvres. | Thus, the widely held belief that cheetah hunts consist of simple highspeed chases seems an oversimplification. Rather, we suggest that cheetah chases comprise two primary phases: (i) an initial rapid acceleration resulting in high speed to quickly catch up with prey, followed by (ii) a prey-specific slowing period that enables the cheetah to match turns instigated by prey as the distance between them closes. However, this formulation only considered forward acceleration and speed, ignoring lateral acceleration. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130905085644.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.027 | Biology_easy_463 | The results support the model whereby commitment to the plasma cell begins in the GC and suggest that stability of Tfh-GC B cell contacts is key for plasma cell-prone GC cell formation. | These data support a model whereby commitment to the plasma cell begins in the GC and suggest that stability of Tfh-GC B cell contacts is key for plasma cell-prone GC cell formation. | The researchers also noted the expression of the proteins ICAM-1 and SLAM in Bcl6loCD69hi cells was higher than in Bcl6hiCD69hi cells, therefore affording more stable Tfh-GC B cell contacts. The results support the model whereby commitment to the plasma cell begins in the GC and suggest that stability of Tfh-GC B cell contacts is key for plasma cell-prone GC cell formation. "Our data not only provided important information for vaccines development, but also open up new doors for further study," study corresponding author Tomohiro Kurosaki says. | hi CD69 hi cells, thereby affording more stable T follicular helper (Tfh)-GC B cell contacts. These data support a model whereby commitment to the plasma cell begins in the GC and suggest that stability of Tfh-GC B cell contacts is key for plasma cell-prone GC cell formation. Higher expression of ICAM-1 and SLAM in those cells facilitates more stable contacts with Tfh cells, suggesting that strength of Tfh-GC B cell interaction critically regulates formation of plasma cell precursors. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/accepted-or-rejected-uncovering-how-fate-of-b-cell-is-determined/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-04334-1 | Biology_easy_464 | Understanding the origins of breast cancer, in its earliest phases, has the potential to improve methods of early cancer detection and may ultimately form the basis to prevent cancer progression before it turns into a life-threatening disease. | Understanding the origins of breast cancer in its earliest phases has the potential to advance methods of cancer early detection, and may ultimately form the basis to prevent cancer progression before it turns into a life-threatening disease. | The scRNAseq technology enabled the recognition of previously unseen cellular differences. Understanding the origins of breast cancer, in its earliest phases, has the potential to improve methods of early cancer detection and may ultimately form the basis to prevent cancer progression before it turns into a life-threatening disease. Our discovery of the three epithelial cell populations closes some of those gaps and may help us understand how the system goes awry during breast cancer," said Kessenbrock. | Instead, the outcome of our Monocle analysis is in favor of the existence of the bi-potent stem/progenitor model as it clearly identified one continuous trajectory indicative of a common source for both basal and luminal cell differentiation. Understanding the origins of breast cancer in its earliest phases has the potential to advance methods of cancer early detection, and may ultimately form the basis to prevent cancer progression before it turns into a life-threatening disease. The luminal epithelial cell type L2 showed the clearest correlation with both Luminal A and B subtypes from the Metabric dataset , which is in line with previously reported similarities between a FACS-enriched population of mature luminal cells and the luminal-like breast cancer subtypes . | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34194160481&p=1pl&v=1&x=glfjQQBYAgvsXALLyNHWTA |
10.1038/s41467-018-07921-4 | Biology_easy_466 | This immediate carbon loss is partially compensated by a boost in new ecosystem productivity, driven by changes to canopy composition and soil respiration. | This immediate carbon loss is partially compensated by an enhancement in net ecosystem productivity driven by changes in canopy composition and soil respiration 2 . | Globally, over the past decade, fire ozone pollution reduced plant productivity substantially more than estimated drought losses." This immediate carbon loss is partially compensated by a boost in new ecosystem productivity, driven by changes to canopy composition and soil respiration. It found that the Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) -- essentially plant photosynthesis -- was significantly reduced when the amount of surface ozone increases. | This immediate carbon loss is partially compensated by an enhancement in net ecosystem productivity driven by changes in canopy composition and soil respiration 2 . Regionally, fires can enhance surface O 3 by 10-30 ppbv 6,7 during pollution episodes and dominate PM 2.5 with average contributions of 30-55% 9 during fire seasons. Increases in O 3 and aerosols have strongly contrasting impacts on plant productivity 12 . | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38047416961&p=1pl&v=1&x=YiUs3rlv4tmSANobcl3ieA |
10.1038/s41467-017-00962-1 | Biology_easy_467 | The researchers identified sequence changes in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, a well-known driver gene in HGSOC, in all the patients. | As expected, we identified sequence changes in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, a wellknown driver gene in HGSOC, in all cases. | "It points us to a signature in the tubes to look for, and shows us a window of time to spot these cancers before they morph into something more sinister in the ovaries." The researchers identified sequence changes in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, a well-known driver gene in HGSOC, in all the patients. Those alterations were identical in all the samples from the same patient, including in the p53 (a tumor protein) signatures, the STIC lesions, and other carcinomas, suggesting that mutation of TP53 was among the earliest initiating events for HGSOC development, the authors said. | Whole-exome sequence analyses of the tumor samples from each patient identified somatic mutations that were present in all neoplastic samples analyzed as well as specific changes that were present in individual or subsets of tumors (Fig. As expected, we identified sequence changes in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, a wellknown driver gene in HGSOC, in all cases. The TP53 alterations were identical in all samples analyzed for each patient including in the p53 signatures, the STIC lesions, and other carcinomas. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/mutation-in-fallopian-tube-lesions-may-help-catch-ovarian-cancer-years-earlier/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-05970-3 | Biology_easy_468 | They found the hydrophobic gating mechanism is also consistent with scanning mutagenesis studies showing that modulation of pore hydrophobicity is correlated with activation properties. | The hydrophobic gating mechanism is also consistent with scanning mutagenesis studies showing that modulation of pore hydrophobicity is correlated with activation properties. | Initiation of dewetting transitions in BK channels requires changes in the pore shape and surface hydrophobicity driven by calcium binding. They found the hydrophobic gating mechanism is also consistent with scanning mutagenesis studies showing that modulation of pore hydrophobicity is correlated with activation properties. He adds, "Our data reconciles key results from previous experimental studies without invoking any crazy ideas. | Importantly, the dry pore remains physically open and is readily accessible to quaternary ammonium channel blockers. The hydrophobic gating mechanism is also consistent with scanning mutagenesis studies showing that modulation of pore hydrophobicity is correlated with activation properties. BK channels are great model systems for understanding gating mechanisms of ion channels. | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34905322201&p=1pl&v=1&x=-NM0Kc2wPAJ0_5fmDnQ34g |
10.3389/fonc.2014.00045 | Biology_easy_469 | "Given these results, it is possible that TAF2 overexpression could increase transcription of C-SRC in some ovarian tumors," the researchers wrote. | Given these results, it is possible that TAF2 overexpression could increase transcription of C-SRC in some ovarian tumors. | Cell growth and death
Meanwhile, TAF2 may have its own cancer-related modus operandi. "Given these results, it is possible that TAF2 overexpression could increase transcription of C-SRC in some ovarian tumors," the researchers wrote. There, too, there is a suspicious mechanistic connection to ovarian cancer. | demonstrate that the TAF1/TAF2 complex binds C-SRC 5 exon promoters, which are TATA-less and contain Inr sequences . Given these results, it is possible that TAF2 overexpression could increase transcription of C-SRC in some ovarian tumors. Reminiscent of the TFIID-independent function of TAF3 in regulation of myogenesis , the transcriptional control of Inr-containing promoters by TAF1/TAF2 may be relevant in ovarian cancer, since TBP is predominantly downregulated in many HGSCs (2, 3). | [5] | Biology | train | 5 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140313134356.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1038/s41589-018-0130-4 | Biology_easy_470 | In the case of the TCR studied in the current research, DMF5, researchers knew it recognized hydrophobic peptide antigens, which are water-insoluble. | The displacement is maximal at Ala150, widening the binding groove by 2 Å at this point. | Scientists knew there were many millions more peptides, or antigen targets, than TCRs. In the case of the TCR studied in the current research, DMF5, researchers knew it recognized hydrophobic peptide antigens, which are water-insoluble. Garcia noticed that DMF5 also appeared to bind with a different class of peptides -- one that was highly charged and easily dissolvable. | short arm of the HLA-A2 α 2 helix beginning near Val152 and continuing through His145 (Fig. The displacement is maximal at Ala150, widening the binding groove by 2 Å at this point. Overall, the MMWDRGLGMM/HLA-A2 structure confirms that the peptides in the DRG and GIG classes are not molecular mimics, differing not only in sequence, but also in conformation and in their impact on HLA-A2 structure ( Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37145988537&p=1pl&v=1&x=UjeHUDBlXhRhhu47TNBdWg |
10.1073/pnas.1502549112 | Biology_easy_472 | No, the new study shows. | The nutrients transported by whales, or as a consequence of whale activity, should be assimilated more rapidly, and contribute to system productivity more directly than on land. | aEURoeWe can imagine a world with relatively abundant whale populations again,aEUR he says. No, the new study shows. aEURoeFuture pastures could be set up with fewer fences and with a wider range of species,aEUR the team writes. | Such population decreases reduced the lateral distribution capacity and perhaps reduced the vertical distribution, allowing more nutrients to drop below the photic zone. The nutrients transported by whales, or as a consequence of whale activity, should be assimilated more rapidly, and contribute to system productivity more directly than on land. Also, whales and their prey may help in retaining limiting nutrients (N, P, and Fe) in the surface layer and releasing these nutrients slowly into the water (18). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/lost-giant-poop-disrupts-whole-planet/ |
10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.005 | Biology_easy_473 | "We are now beginning to understand the major landmarks on that journey." | The 3 real subclonal samples in this group of 384 were easily distinguishable from error (Supplemental Figure S2D) Supplemental References | Despite this, the researchers say, disease will occur in only a minority of cases. "We are now beginning to understand the major landmarks on that journey." Over time, this triggers a patient's symptoms, including tiredness, an increase of infections, and bruising. | We found that the 3710 VAF values (10 positions x 371 samples) at positions outside the R882 hotspot (i.e. non-targets of known leukemia-associated mutations) were always ≤0.0045 indicating a very small combined PCR-MiSeq error rate. The 3 real subclonal samples in this group of 384 were easily distinguishable from error (Supplemental Figure S2D) Supplemental References | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/genetic-mutations-leukemia-present-1-every-5-middle-aged-people-few-will-develop-323624 |
10.1016/j.celrep.2015.06.062 | Biology_easy_474 | "Overeating, which causes obesity, can be considered a food addiction, a neuropsychiatric disorder," Pang says. | Furthermore, no significant differences were detected in miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in the presence of TTX ( Figures 5I and 5J) . | [related]
Pang says why we eat, how much we eat, and when we stop eating are behaviors controlled by the central nervous system, which enables the body to respond to its environment. "Overeating, which causes obesity, can be considered a food addiction, a neuropsychiatric disorder," Pang says. "By finding out how the central nervous system regulates food intake behavior via GLP-1 signaling, we may be able to provide more targeted therapy with fewer side effects." | In contrast, GLP-1R activation had no obvious impact on sIPSCs in non-DA neurons ( Figures 5E-5H) . Furthermore, no significant differences were detected in miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in the presence of TTX ( Figures 5I and 5J) . Thus, Exn4 may facilitate inhibitory synaptic transmission mediated by spontaneous action potentials in the VTA-to-NAc-projecting DA neurons. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/hormone-overeat-obesity-966452/ |
10.3945/jn.108.098269 | Biology_easy_476 | But, in addition to applying heat, drinking peppermint tea, and taking Midol, you can help ease cramp pain by avoiding certain types of food. | Consistent with these data, high-fat feeding in mice increased TLR4 signaling in macrophages and adipocytes and impaired insulin signaling, whereas mice lacking TLR4 were resistant to these effects . | But, in addition to applying heat, drinking peppermint tea, and taking Midol, you can help ease cramp pain by avoiding certain types of food. "Although this needs to be studied further, it's possible that following an anti-inflammatory diet could help reduce those symptoms. | SFA increased inflammatory gene expression in both cell types by TLR4/NFkB signaling . Consistent with these data, high-fat feeding in mice increased TLR4 signaling in macrophages and adipocytes and impaired insulin signaling, whereas mice lacking TLR4 were resistant to these effects . Lastly, FA-binding proteins play an important role in cross-talk between adipocytes and macrophages, as mice lacking FA-binding proteins in these tissues have reduced inflammatory signaling and improved insulin sensitivity when fed a high-fat diet . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34141204919&p=1pl&v=1&x=x6pGG9kLpRpRMMIVnDUk_Q |
10.1038/s41467-018-04373-8 | Biology_easy_477 | "We had the map, and knew where we were looking, and with enough digging we found the gold!" | The most significant intron-retaining transcript across VCP mu , SOD1 mu and FUS mu iPSC models was SFPQ, which encodes a protein that plays key roles in salient ALS-related pathways including RNA transcription, splicing, 3′ end processing and axon viability . | This guided the team to collectively discover that a protein called SFPQ, which normally resides inside the cell nucleus, was in fact leaving the nucleus in diseased motor neurons. "We had the map, and knew where we were looking, and with enough digging we found the gold!" They next confirmed that animal models of hereditary ALS also shared the same features. | These findings together raise the hypothesis that aberrant IR represents subtle manifestations of a dysregulated pathway of the developing neurons, which eventually contributes to the increased vulnerability of mature MNs. The most significant intron-retaining transcript across VCP mu , SOD1 mu and FUS mu iPSC models was SFPQ, which encodes a protein that plays key roles in salient ALS-related pathways including RNA transcription, splicing, 3′ end processing and axon viability . Subsequent experiments showed that the intron-retaining transcript is more abundant in the cytoplasm of VCP mu compared to control counterparts, and coincides with nuclear decrease of the SFPQ protein. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34143256270&p=1pl&v=1&x=4opEpx-AxefHDHwgwqlGZA |
10.1038/s41467-019-09784-9 | Biology_easy_479 | For men who have this aggressive form of metastatic prostate cancer and are no longer responding to chemotherapy, enzalutamide can extend survival by an average of five months. | 4e) . | The new research indicates how to block the harmful side effects of the drug, at least in mice. For men who have this aggressive form of metastatic prostate cancer and are no longer responding to chemotherapy, enzalutamide can extend survival by an average of five months. Researchers identified non-coding RNA-p21 as the main culprit for inducing neuroendocrine differentiation, saying that IncRNAp-21 can switch the function of a key gene, EZH2. | As expected, knocking down EZH2 reversed the Enz-increased STAT3 downstream genes expression, suggesting that Enz alters the EZH2 activity to modulate the STAT3 activity in C4-2 cells (Fig. 4e) . The Co-IP assay revealed that Enz treatment could enhance the interaction between EZH2 and STAT3, suggesting that Enz might increase STAT3 methylation via promoting this interaction (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | https://www.futurity.org/late-stage-prostate-cancer-enzalutamide-2081942-2/ |
10.1126/science.1245622 | Biology_easy_481 | That gave neurobiologists good reason to believe that memories were not formed by new neuron production, but rather by a strengthening of the connections between existing neurons to improve the effectiveness of their communication. | S5A ), as well as sLTP (Fig. | How that relates to memory formation may be better understood with some background. That gave neurobiologists good reason to believe that memories were not formed by new neuron production, but rather by a strengthening of the connections between existing neurons to improve the effectiveness of their communication. His team's most surprising and unexpected finding, he said, was that induction of LTP in as few as three of these spines was sufficient to exert profound effects on activity of proteins that control gene transcription in the cell nucleus. | Inhibition of NMDARs with 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (APV) (50 mM) completely prevented nuclear ERK activation ( Fig. S5A ), as well as sLTP (Fig. In contrast, blockade of VSCCs with CdCl 2 (200 mM) did not prevent nuclear ERK activation (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.technology.org/2013/12/07/research-advances-knowledge-triggers-memory-formation/ |
10.1186/1741-7007-5-7 | Biology_easy_482 | Yes, they can survive, but fortunately, itas fairly easy to get rid of them once they end up there. | When the same ML analysis was performed enforcing a molecular clock, the resulting tree topology did not change and the resulting tree score was not significantly different than the unconstrained score (p = 0.7625). | But outside of those hearty gorilla pubic lice than managed to infect ancient humans and give rise to our own unique species of pubic lice, crabs really donat fare well off of the host. Yes, they can survive, but fortunately, itas fairly easy to get rid of them once they end up there. Leone recommends washing sheets, towels or clothing in hot water with detergent, which should finish them off for good. | Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of the combined Cox1 and EF-1α dataset (as well as individual gene datasets) from lice produced a single, well-supported phylogeny in agreement with results from previous analyses ( Figure 3 ; ). When the same ML analysis was performed enforcing a molecular clock, the resulting tree topology did not change and the resulting tree score was not significantly different than the unconstrained score (p = 0.7625). The ML analysis of the host Cox1 data also resulted in a single phylogeny in agreement with known relationships among these primate taxa ( Figure 3 ). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38367278255&p=1pl&v=1&x=yswtcJ-vDILUx8q7FnTbFQ |
10.1038/s41596-018-0072-z | Biology_easy_483 | By shortening breeding cycles, the method allows scientists and plant breeders to fast-track genetic improvements such as yield gain, disease resistance and climate resilience in a range of crops such as wheat, barley, oilseed rape and pea. | B072M7P7QJ) • LED-supplemented glasshouse setup c CRITICAL This section provides an overview of the equipment required for setting up SB in a glasshouse using LED lamps for supplementary lighting. | It speeds up the breeding cycle of plants: for example, six generations of wheat can be grown per year, compared to two generations using traditional breeding methods. By shortening breeding cycles, the method allows scientists and plant breeders to fast-track genetic improvements such as yield gain, disease resistance and climate resilience in a range of crops such as wheat, barley, oilseed rape and pea. Being able to do this in a compact desktop chamber enables affordable, cutting-edge research on a range of crops to take place before the experiments are scaled up to larger glass houses. | To construct your low-cost growth cabinet, the components listed below are required. B072M7P7QJ) • LED-supplemented glasshouse setup c CRITICAL This section provides an overview of the equipment required for setting up SB in a glasshouse using LED lamps for supplementary lighting. Its efficacy is demonstrated for a range of crop species, along with some examples of how single-seed descent for wheat and barley can be carried out. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37739353265&p=1pl&v=1&x=t8Mkb8UU1ZA1-y1v_j0Fvw |
10.1073/pnas.1401006111 | Biology_easy_484 | Although rates of MRSA infections have dropped by about 50 percent in hospital settings, their spread elsewhere will continue to be a concern, along with the hundreds of other superbugs. | Their distribution closely mirrored the phylogeny of the core genome ( Fig. | That's because they were also able to find reservoirs of MRSA in-between affected households, completing a network of transmission. "We have to attempt to remove the colonization from the home." Although rates of MRSA infections have dropped by about 50 percent in hospital settings, their spread elsewhere will continue to be a concern, along with the hundreds of other superbugs. | However, the genetic basis for this requires further investigations. Their distribution closely mirrored the phylogeny of the core genome ( Fig. 5 and Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/mrsa-superbug-turns-american-homes-reservoirs-highlighting-bacterias-easy-spread-through-communities |
10.1038/s41558-018-0224-8 | Biology_easy_485 | Prof Rod Wilson from the University of Exeter also commented on the plight for fish in a higher CO 2 future world: "Our intriguing results show that CO 2 impacts the nose of the fish directly. | Under elevated CO 2 the responses to l-alanine, l-arginine, l-glutamate, cyprinol sulfate, scymnol sulfate and alarm cue were up to 46% lower than those of controls (n = 6-11 fish per odorant per treatment, P = 0.027, P = 0.040, P = 0.028, P = 0.011, P = 0.012 and P = 0.018, respectively; Fig. | Dr Porteus said: "I wanted to examine if fish had any ability to compensate for this reduced sense of smell, but found that instead of increasing the expression of genes for smell receptors in their nose they did the opposite, exacerbating the problem." Prof Rod Wilson from the University of Exeter also commented on the plight for fish in a higher CO 2 future world: "Our intriguing results show that CO 2 impacts the nose of the fish directly. This will be in addition to the impact of CO 2 on their central nervous system function suggested by others previously, which proposed an impaired processing of information in the brain itself. | 3) , but had no effect on the remainder (that is, elevated CO 2 did not increase the amplitude or sensitivity of the response to any of these odorants). Under elevated CO 2 the responses to l-alanine, l-arginine, l-glutamate, cyprinol sulfate, scymnol sulfate and alarm cue were up to 46% lower than those of controls (n = 6-11 fish per odorant per treatment, P = 0.027, P = 0.040, P = 0.028, P = 0.011, P = 0.012 and P = 0.018, respectively; Fig. The thresholds of detection for l-cysteine (P = 0.049), l-alanine (P = 0.029) and l-glutamate (P = 0.0047), and conspecific bile (P = 0.029) were two-to fivefold higher under elevated CO 2 (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34614398292&p=1pl&v=1&x=hAj7yFxN6bnZNkm03LxG1g |
10.1016/j.celrep.2014.12.007 | Biology_easy_486 | "Our studies were conducted in mice, but the greater implication of the work relates to the fact that circadian disruption is very common in modern society, and one consequence of such disruption could be abnormal function of stem cells and accelerated aging," he said. | Conversely, in Bmal1 mutant mice, which show no temporal separation of glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, this protection is presumably lost, leading to increased DNA damage. | The Andersen-Gratton study also revealed that the circadian clock within stem cells shifts the timing of cell division such that the stages of the cell division cycle that are most sensitive to DNA damage are avoided during times of maximum oxidative phosphorylation. "Our studies were conducted in mice, but the greater implication of the work relates to the fact that circadian disruption is very common in modern society, and one consequence of such disruption could be abnormal function of stem cells and accelerated aging," he said. Andersen adds that it is possible that future studies could advance therapeutic insights from this research. | Our findings suggest that the circadian clock confers time-of-day-dependent shifts in glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation within proliferating epithelial stem cells, thus minimizing DNA damage during S phase. Conversely, in Bmal1 mutant mice, which show no temporal separation of glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, this protection is presumably lost, leading to increased DNA damage. For example, in Figure S1C , the edge of the dermis is identified at a depth of 18 mm, corresponding to the last Z section of the dermis that contains collagen. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150106154607.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1038/s41467-018-04746-z | Biology_easy_488 | "It puts us closer to commercialization," said Zhifeng Ren, M.D. | We measured a very small Tafel slope of 22.7 mV dec −1 in the low overpotential ranges 33 (Fig. | Lower energy requirements means the hydrogen could be produced at a lower cost. "It puts us closer to commercialization," said Zhifeng Ren, M.D. "In contrast, our materials are based on earth abundant elements and exhibit comparable performance with those of platinum group materials," she said. | Indeed this overpotential of 154 mV in alkaline conditions is among the lowest for catalyzing OER thus far (Supplementary Table 2 ), even surpassing the presently most active NiFe LDH (double layered hydroxide) catalyst (~200 mV) 1 32 . We measured a very small Tafel slope of 22.7 mV dec −1 in the low overpotential ranges 33 (Fig. 2c , Supplementary Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34427937490&p=1pl&v=1&x=RIP9pqshLOQFw8Iaxdjs6w |
10.1038/nm.4184 | Biology_easy_490 | Their search landed them on three drugs. | 1105 | Their search landed them on three drugs. PHA-690509 is still under investigation and is being used on cancer patients, while emricasan is still being tested to determine if it can help reduce liver damage in patients with Hepatitis C.
"It takes years, if not decades, to develop a new drug," said Hongjun Song of Johns Hopkins, who worked on the project, in a report from NBC News. Potential treatments for Ebola and Hepatitis C were also discovered using such methods. | Taken together, these results indicate that niclosamide and PHA-690509 inhibit ZIKV infection at a post-entry stage, probably at the viral RNA replication step. 1105 Our efforts so far have led to the identification of small molecules that either protect against cell death in multiple neural cell types or suppress ZIKV replication. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/27747/20160830/zika-cure-update-drugs-used-treat-cancer-hepatitis-c-shows.htm |
10.1038/s41593-018-0262-6 | Biology_easy_491 | I think you've got to try the impossible to make the possible possible. | As observed in rats, high-frequency bursts of EES required markedly reduced stimulation amplitudes to elicit a motor response, compared to single pulses (Fig. | I'm surprised at what we have been able to do. I think you've got to try the impossible to make the possible possible. It's a lot of fun -- it feels really good," he told the BBC. | This feature allowed us to evaluate the concept of high-frequency EES in humans. As observed in rats, high-frequency bursts of EES required markedly reduced stimulation amplitudes to elicit a motor response, compared to single pulses (Fig. 8e,f) . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37559012880&p=1pl&v=1&x=oRkdPsA1PE01uPlI3tNyfQ |
10.1038/s41598-018-30033-4 | Biology_easy_493 | Shead also be the stateas first out gay congresswoman. | KEGG metabolic pathway analysis provided additional information on possible function showing the pathways that the DE transcripts from the set of 507 transcripts and 160 transcripts identified in comparisons between top and bottom tissues for high and low fiber groups take part in. | Itas got all the news you need to start your day. Sharice Davids/Flickr
If Sharice Davids wins, shead become the first Native American to represent the state of Kansas in Congress. Shead also be the stateas first out gay congresswoman. | S2 in Additional file 3) suggested that a large proportions of the DE transcripts were attributed to bins 29 (protein), 27 (RNA/transcription factors), 20 (stress), 34 (transport), 16 (secondary metabolism), 31 (cell), 33 (development), 26 (miscellaneous enzyme families), 21 (reduction-oxidation regulation), 30 (signaling), 10 (cell-wall) and 13 (amino acid metabolism). KEGG metabolic pathway analysis provided additional information on possible function showing the pathways that the DE transcripts from the set of 507 transcripts and 160 transcripts identified in comparisons between top and bottom tissues for high and low fiber groups take part in. The results showed that the largest functional pathway was the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (related to the synthesis of lignin monomers and flavonoid biosynthesis) followed by phenylalanine metabolic pathway, representing 8.28% and 4.9%, respectively, in the DE transcripts of the high-fiber T-B comparison. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34752361647&p=1pl&v=1&x=dJyQYAjELlF4bQZi6fApZw |
10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.032 | Biology_easy_494 | "I especially like the dandelion analogy. | ALDH1Ai-driven necroptosis is dependent on active transcription and translation. | "You can think of stem-like cells as seeds. "I especially like the dandelion analogy. All it takes is 11 stem-like cancer cells to form a tumor, Buckanovich said. | Our study, thus, links ALDH activity and necroptosis. ALDH1Ai-driven necroptosis is dependent on active transcription and translation. ALDH1Ai induced high levels of UCP1 and UCP3 mRNA preferentially in CD133 + cells. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38745190449&p=1pl&v=1&x=royVQ2M_Lp_mNGeTETMuBA |
10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.04.004 | Biology_easy_495 | Men were also more likely to have lung disease, vasculitis, lymphoma, and had higher levels of the antibodies that were causing issues with tissues aA even though both women and men had the same levels of dry eye and mouth. | 3.3.2.2. | Menopause also seems to affect lupus symptoms in women, reducing the frequency of symptom flares while also potentially increasing organ damage. Men were also more likely to have lung disease, vasculitis, lymphoma, and had higher levels of the antibodies that were causing issues with tissues aA even though both women and men had the same levels of dry eye and mouth. They're also more likely than men to have enthesitis, or inflammation of the tendons at the point where they meet bones. | Thus, elevated levels of cpn 10 may contribute to the beneficial effects of pregnancy on autoimmune disease. 3.3.2.2. For CD, the activity of disease was significantly lower during pregnancy as determined by the Harvey-Bradshaw index . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39469084890&p=1pl&v=1&x=OdyyPcMkSeiewBR_8oaCpQ |
10.1098/rstb.2015.0168 | Biology_easy_497 | "That intersection is very complex, and even more difficult to predict. | Temperature-specific palaeoclimate reconstructions relevant to the south-west do show the early decades of the 1600s had relatively cool summers during this period of infrequent widespread fires in the Jemez Mountains. | The implications of that will play out for millennia. "That intersection is very complex, and even more difficult to predict. When I say there's no new normal, I mean it. | Although the SEA results support an interpretation of human interference with interannual climate-fire associations before 1680 CE, it is possible that longer-term climate patterns could have played some role in changing fire patterns. Temperature-specific palaeoclimate reconstructions relevant to the south-west do show the early decades of the 1600s had relatively cool summers during this period of infrequent widespread fires in the Jemez Mountains. However, decade to multi-decade temperature and fire trends in our rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org Phil. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34691890363&p=1pl&v=1&x=YDwpPpQ3it3kQAm23jznyw |
10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.028 | Biology_easy_499 | They're healthy, just not on. | In contrast, changes in the distribution of postsynaptic receptors can be detected within 5-10 min after HFS, consistent with the time course observed following exogenous application of netrin-1. | "We've identified a huge target for drugs," says Kennedy. They're healthy, just not on. Perhaps there is a reservoir of synapses that can be used to change the strength of connections between neurons. | Short-term facilitation of synaptic responses following HFS is mediated through changes in presynaptic Ca 2+ that enhance transmitter exocytosis . In contrast, changes in the distribution of postsynaptic receptors can be detected within 5-10 min after HFS, consistent with the time course observed following exogenous application of netrin-1. Moreover, our findings indicate that following LTP-inducing stimulation, the NMDAR-mediated Ca 2+ influx mobilizes the secretion of netrin-1 from dendrites at or near synaptic sites (Figure 1 ). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37610087807&p=1pl&v=1&x=5c_zMpT9ApvKzoscOW0uGw |
10.1038/s41467-018-05268-4 | Biology_easy_501 | But the Ames Laboratory research group found that a rare earth compound made of Europium and Indium, Eu2In, displayed a startlingly sharp magnetic phase transition accompanied with a giant magnetocaloric effect (change in temperature) and no hysteresis. | Above the Curie temperature, the metamagnetic jumps observed in the isothermal measurements indicate nearly fully reversible magnetic field-induced PM↔FM transitions with a nearly negligible (≤0.1 T) magnetic hysteresis, in line with the extremely narrow thermal hysteresis. | The mechanism of the material's changing magnetic state is so unusual, it provides new possibilities for discovery of similar materials. But the Ames Laboratory research group found that a rare earth compound made of Europium and Indium, Eu2In, displayed a startlingly sharp magnetic phase transition accompanied with a giant magnetocaloric effect (change in temperature) and no hysteresis. "This was a very surprising result and one of the least expected places to find such a phenomenon," said Yaroslav Mudryk, an Ames Laboratory scientist. | −1 , in line with a fully collinear ferromagnetism, the divalent character of Eu (gJ = 7 μ B , where g is gyromagnetic ratio and J = S = total angular momentum quantum number of Eu 2+ ), and a small but measurable additional magnetic contribution from the 5d states of Eu, even though theoretically, Eu 2+ is expected to have a [Xe] 4f 7 6s 2 5d 0 configuration. Above the Curie temperature, the metamagnetic jumps observed in the isothermal measurements indicate nearly fully reversible magnetic field-induced PM↔FM transitions with a nearly negligible (≤0.1 T) magnetic hysteresis, in line with the extremely narrow thermal hysteresis. Both sets of data are in good agreement, leading to ∂T C /∂B ≈ +3.5 K T −1 , which is in line with T C = 55 K determined from AC measurements in 0.0005 T AC field (Supplementary Note 3) and T C = 58 K determined from the 1 T data presented in Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34729478492&p=1pl&v=1&x=XoWM1MMzRiaH4CFgCBYmKg |
10.1126/sciadv.aap7885 | Biology_easy_502 | "A scientist using virtual screening is like a customer ordering in a restaurant. | In the maximization regime, the mean of the melting temperature was increased by 20 °C to 200 °C. | ReLeASE has the unique ability to create and evaluate new molecules. "A scientist using virtual screening is like a customer ordering in a restaurant. "The ability of the algorithm to design new, and therefore immediately patentable, chemical entities with specific biological activities and optimal safety profiles should be highly attractive to an industry that is constantly searching for new approaches to shorten the time it takes to bring a new drug candidate to clinical trials," said Tropsha. | Clearly, this property minimization strategy was extremely effective, as it allowed for the discovery of molecules in the regions of the chemical space far beyond those of the training set of drug-like compounds. In the maximization regime, the mean of the melting temperature was increased by 20 °C to 200 °C. As expected, the generated library indeed included substantially more complex molecules with the abundance of sulphur-containing heterocycles, phosphates, and conjugated double bond moieties. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34698039737&p=1pl&v=1&x=RKZEUvbzaCKGbk1NjWE6uw |
10.1111/oik.03196 | Biology_easy_503 | Additionally, any steps people can take to minimize their impact on climate, Schachat advises, can help a that can be burning less fossil fuel, eating less meat, and being a responsible tourist when you enter a habitat. | Monarch populations in Spring South significantly predict those in the Midwest. | Schachat emphasizes that, because butterflies pollinate plants, a world in which they go extinct means repercussions for the plants they pollinate and the myriad creatures that eat those plants. aThe loss of any plants that rely on butterflies will throw the entire plant community out of balance,a Schachat says, awhich will have repercussions throughout the ecosystem.a
As for what can be done, Agrawal advises people who care about the problem to become involved in habitat conservation and restoration a anything from donating to conservation organizations to working to keep lands wild and free from development. Additionally, any steps people can take to minimize their impact on climate, Schachat advises, can help a that can be burning less fossil fuel, eating less meat, and being a responsible tourist when you enter a habitat. | 2 Spring South to Midwest Forward selection, Backward selection, and AIC all lead to Model 3, Midwest ⇠ Spring South with the donor region as the only significant predictor (p<0.05). Monarch populations in Spring South significantly predict those in the Midwest. There is no evidence for a temporal trend in this relationship. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38200136600&p=1pl&v=1&x=mgg1CcxKPjlMj-CQmiNAHw |
10.1086/696124 | Biology_easy_504 | But other factors may also come into play. | Arthropods that carried D. muscipula pollen included 64 taxa (61 of which were identified to our target taxonomic resolution). | "The pollinator species may simply be staying above the danger zone as they go from flower to flower, making them less likely to be eaten." But other factors may also come into play. "We know that the snap traps are different colors than the flowers, and may possibly lure different species," Professor Sorenson said. | Overall, 69% of individual flower visitors carried pollen (D. muscipula and/or heterospecific pollen), but only 56% carried D. muscipula pollen; of these, 25% bore pure D. muscipula loads while 75% bore a mixture of D. muscipula and other pollen. Arthropods that carried D. muscipula pollen included 64 taxa (61 of which were identified to our target taxonomic resolution). Hymenoptera (principally bees) and Coleoptera were the most abundant orders on flowers and were the most likely to carry D. muscipula pollen ( fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/BreakingScienceNews/~3/1RjoZKm711w/venus-flytraps-pollinators-05701.html |
10.1186/1471-2180-14-189 | Biology_easy_508 | Get enough sleep
Getting enough sleep not only improves your mood and cognitive behavior, but it also improves gut health. | Additional analysis of the Shannon, equitability and Chao1 alpha diversity metrics showed no statistical difference between the two groups ( Figure 1A -C). | Exercising regularly and sleeping well also helps in reducing stress levels. Get enough sleep
Getting enough sleep not only improves your mood and cognitive behavior, but it also improves gut health. Eating more vegetables improves gut health as a vegetarian diet contains high levels of prebiotic fiber. | After normalization of the datasets by rarefaction, we observed no statistical difference in the total number of operational taxonomic units (OTU) between the SDR and control mice (data not shown). Additional analysis of the Shannon, equitability and Chao1 alpha diversity metrics showed no statistical difference between the two groups ( Figure 1A -C). Thus, a single two-hour cycle of exposure to the social stressor did not affect the alpha diversity of the mucosa-associated microbiota. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39337495793&p=1pl&v=1&x=VKCL6R2kmkDFDwaubqSi0w |
10.1098/rspb.2016.0615 | Biology_easy_509 | Santana hopes their conclusions will inform ecological studies of carnivorous bats, which by and large reside in tropical and sub-tropical environments around the globe. | This is illustrated by the relatively lower coronoid process in the mandible, which would cause stretching and lower contractile forces in the temporalis muscle at extreme gapes . | She and Cheung found that the skulls of carnivorous bats emphasized a strong bite force at the expense of gape width when compared to other mammalian carnivores, perhaps indicating that some of the key trade-offs in feeding and chewing strategies enabled these bats to subsist on a vertebrate-rich diet. Santana hopes their conclusions will inform ecological studies of carnivorous bats, which by and large reside in tropical and sub-tropical environments around the globe. In addition, Santana says this study demonstrates how ecological factors like diet can so heavily depend on the adaptive changes that evolution provides. | From a purely functional perspective, we expect that carnivorous bats would be less suited for wide gapes than the most specialized carnivoran predators, felids. This is illustrated by the relatively lower coronoid process in the mandible, which would cause stretching and lower contractile forces in the temporalis muscle at extreme gapes . When compared rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org Proc. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/ulbQpNHfqR8/ |
10.1126/science.1210558 | Biology_easy_510 | And unlike the Grinch, they're still happy to do their dirty work, no matter how big their hearts get. | As in mammals, cardiac growth in the python appeared to be hypertrophic rather than hyperplastic, as there was no sign of 5-bromo-2´-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in the postprandial heart (Fig. | The swelling Leinwand observed may occur only under a certain range of conditions, he says. "Pythons can digest very large meals and can have very large metabolic changes without necessarily having the growth in heart size." And unlike the Grinch, they're still happy to do their dirty work, no matter how big their hearts get. | S1A ), with a maximum increase seen at 3 days post-feeding (dpf ) ( fig. As in mammals, cardiac growth in the python appeared to be hypertrophic rather than hyperplastic, as there was no sign of 5-bromo-2´-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in the postprandial heart (Fig. Although the cellular architecture of the python ventricle did not allow for reliable quantification of myocyte size ( fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/2011/10/incredibly-expanding-snake-heart |
10.1016/j.arr.2018.11.003 | Biology_easy_514 | Brief company video: https:/ / www. | Experiments showed that the model is able to achieve a mean absolute error of 2.3 years within the age range of 20 to 80 years old. | "We are happy to present our latest research at the Pionners'19, which gathers the leading longevity leaders. Pioneers '19 is the ultimate meeting point for 2500 bold, pioneering entrepreneurs to look into the future and beyond. Brief company video: https:/ / www. | The algorithm developed in this study could also be used as a biomarker for neurodevelopment and disease detection that can be easily translatable to the bedside. Experiments showed that the model is able to achieve a mean absolute error of 2.3 years within the age range of 20 to 80 years old. Those results suggest that high-resolution images of eye corner wrinkles can be utilized to obtain accurate chronological age estimation. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39084328276&p=1pl&v=1&x=2zWSA1gVWkR23iGvY22gXA |
10.1073/pnas.1807709115 | Biology_easy_515 | "This certainly was not the only thing that was going on," Goldenfeld said. | A positive signal was detected in 3 of 80 screened colonies, and was verified via sequencing (SI Appendix, Fig. | This research proves that it played a part, billions of years ago, in eukaryotes becoming the advanced organisms we know today. "This certainly was not the only thing that was going on," Goldenfeld said. "But if it hadn't happened, it's hard to see how you could have complex life." | 4A) show that cells no longer carrying pTKIP-EL1H still contain EL1H, demonstrating successful chromosomal integration. A positive signal was detected in 3 of 80 screened colonies, and was verified via sequencing (SI Appendix, Fig. 4B) to report EL1H integration via fluorescence. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37739665152&p=1pl&v=1&x=HF7KVZsgM1lNK0hn2Vg7oA |
10.1073/pnas.1507055113 | Biology_easy_516 | The eruption "spewed out a lot of ash that completely blanketed the landscape." | In the farthest southeastern (FLK S ) trenches, high C/V values and high δ 13 C values for C lignin phenols (Fig. | But based on the high concentration of bones, the primates probably obtained carcasses elsewhere and ate the meat in the woods for safety. The eruption "spewed out a lot of ash that completely blanketed the landscape." The hominins may have killed the animals for their meat or scavenged leftover meat. | 3 and 4A ) collectively indicate dense woody cover (Fig. In the farthest southeastern (FLK S ) trenches, high C/V values and high δ 13 C values for C lignin phenols (Fig. Biomarkers define a heterogeneous landscape at Olduvai and suggest an influence of local resources on hominin diets and behavior. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/early_human_habitat_in_tanzaia_recreated_shows_life_was_no_harmony_with_nature_picnic-167726 |
10.1073/pnas.1613337113 | Biology_easy_517 | This work gives us a very important clue about where we should look if we want to sort this out." | With new mouse models and tissue expansion to allow nanoscale imaging, we demonstrate that striatonigral fibers originating in striosomes form bouquet-like arborizations innervating clusters of dopamine-containing neurons and their ventrally extending, tightly bundled dendrites. | Hard decisions
This finding expands the known decision-making circuit so that it encompasses the prefrontal cortex, striosomes, and a subset of dopamine-producing cells. Together, the striosomes may be acting as a gatekeeper that absorbs sensory and emotional information coming from the cortex and integrates it to produce a decision on how to react, which is initiated by the dopamine-producing cells, the researchers say. This work gives us a very important clue about where we should look if we want to sort this out." | In the striosome lines P172-mCitrine and Sepw1-Cre NP67 with the Ai14 reporter (9), the proportion of striosomal fibers to With new mouse models and tissue expansion to allow nanoscale imaging, we demonstrate that striatonigral fibers originating in striosomes form bouquet-like arborizations innervating clusters of dopamine-containing neurons and their ventrally extending, tightly bundled dendrites. The stunning selectivity of striosomal output to the bouquets suggests that the bouquets could exert powerful and focused control over elements of the dopamine system in normal and abnormal states. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://news.mit.edu/2016/neural-connections-linked-emotional-decision-making-0919 |
10.1101/gr.171934.113 | Biology_easy_518 | Within 48 hours, doctors had their answer: Joshua had a lethal form of bacteria called Leptospira. | In particular, the speed and throughput of the pipeline make it highly convenient and cost-effective when run on a cloud server (Supplemental Table S1 ). | Within 48 hours, doctors had their answer: Joshua had a lethal form of bacteria called Leptospira. And while it's lethal, it's also treatable. Heavy doses of penicillin did the trick. | To our knowledge, SURPI is the only NGS pipeline for pathogen identification to be extensively tested across multiple clinical sample types representing a variety of infectious diseases (Figs. In particular, the speed and throughput of the pipeline make it highly convenient and cost-effective when run on a cloud server (Supplemental Table S1 ). SURPI analysis is also being incorporated as part of an ongoing effort to validate unbiased NGS assays for pathogen diagnosis in a CLIA (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments)-certified laboratory. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.newser.com/story/187947/breakthrough-dna-test-saves-boy-in-48-hours.html |
10.1038/s41467-017-02041-x | Biology_easy_519 | "It's like the ground has shifted under your feet. | 6b) can become singly coordinated, with its depopulated O 2p states raised by several eV into the TM redox band. | "There was a weird reordering of what elements are involved in the battery's function," he said. "It's like the ground has shifted under your feet. This was a big puzzle." | While our treatment here is by no means exhaustive, we find that TM migration in all cases results in a shift to higher energy of the O pDOS regardless of the pathway examined and the identity of the migrating TM, suggesting that this observation is general and largely independent of the migration mechanism. 6b) can become singly coordinated, with its depopulated O 2p states raised by several eV into the TM redox band. K-edge XAS ( Supplementary Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/kJcua8gW9bk/ |
10.1126/sciadv.aat0098 | Biology_easy_520 | When cut into pieces, it can quickly mend itself upon reattachment. | S5D , orange and blue curves); however, when the pushing speed was increased, the resistance could not recover its initial value because of the formation of residual deformation ( fig. | As well as being able to stretch by more than 3400 percent, the material can quickly return to its original form and will adhere to many surfaces, including skin. When cut into pieces, it can quickly mend itself upon reattachment. The materials differing sensitivity to stretching and compression is a breakthrough discovery that adds a new dimension to the sensing capability of hydrogels, says first author, Yizhou Zhang, a postdoc in Alshareef's lab. | At low speed, the deformation could be fully recovered ( fig. S5D , orange and blue curves); however, when the pushing speed was increased, the resistance could not recover its initial value because of the formation of residual deformation ( fig. However, when combined with the anisotropic response to compressive and tensile strains, it is possible to observe interesting sensing capabilities using the M-hydrogel. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34439214663&p=1pl&v=1&x=vJXsRlCV9DPPWwAlIu-C3g |
10.1038/nature19792 | Biology_easy_521 | The virtual 300,000-year-old fossil has relatively modern features: its round cranium, relatively high forehead, and slight brow ridges and facial projection make it similar in morphology to some fossils that are only 100,000 years old. | We note that while this makes a single component a reasonable fit to the data, as K increases the specific choice becomes less important. | (3) This relationship allowed the researchers to calculate the likely skull dimensions of the most recent ancestor of all Homo sapiens groups. The virtual 300,000-year-old fossil has relatively modern features: its round cranium, relatively high forehead, and slight brow ridges and facial projection make it similar in morphology to some fossils that are only 100,000 years old. Their analysis suggests our species arose through the hybridization of populations from South and East Africa. | Additionally, the data are left-censored since we cannot reliably detect haplotypes that are very short. We note that while this makes a single component a reasonable fit to the data, as K increases the specific choice becomes less important. ∈ . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40159107214&p=1pl&v=1&x=BoCHbTB3JXRkZa9ui6WBhg |
10.1038/s41467-019-09935-y | Biology_easy_522 | "They highlight this as a much more highly interactive system than we've understood previously." | Total gravimetric LAI measured at the San Juan region sites was attributed solely to atmospheric dust deposition on snow. | "I want to say that this is a really important, groundbreaking paper, because it shows us for the first time snowpack feeding back to fire regimes in a very direct, mechanistic way," said wildfire expert Donald Falk of the University of Arizona, who commented on the new research for E&E News. "They highlight this as a much more highly interactive system than we've understood previously." In future research, it may be useful to collect snow samples from a wider variety of landscapes across the Western states, to be sure the same effects hold true throughout the region, Falk noted. | Inorganic debris concentrations measured in the chronosequence samples from the southern Rockies were similar to low-dust-year concentrations measured in subalpine snowpacks in the San Juan region of the Rocky Mountains 38 . Total gravimetric LAI measured at the San Juan region sites was attributed solely to atmospheric dust deposition on snow. Both SNICARmodeled and measured albedo were lowest during the first year following fire and increased during the 15-year chronosequence ( Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39192736914&p=1pl&v=1&x=UZjvGNxeAkclqCjqOrMAuA |
10.1016/j.cmet.2017.08.006 | Biology_easy_523 | When grandpa nudges the settings on the thermostat, there's likely a good reason. | HNF4α binding peaks were observed in proximity to promoters of PPARα, Cpt1b, Octn2, and CrAT ( Figure 5F ). | When grandpa nudges the settings on the thermostat, there's likely a good reason. After treatment, they tolerate chilly conditions that would ordinarily trigger hypothermia. "We uncovered a well-controlled process for mobilizing energy to the tissues that need it," explains senior author Claudio Villanueva, assistant professor of biochemistry at U of U Health. | Although Cpt1 and Cpt2 regulation by HNF4α is well established, we also observed reduction in Octn2 and CrAT expression in the livers of hepatocyte-selective HNF4α null mice . HNF4α binding peaks were observed in proximity to promoters of PPARα, Cpt1b, Octn2, and CrAT ( Figure 5F ). Together these findings suggest that hepatic HNF4α is a major regulator of the cold adaptive response in the liver. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/BOFu4Yo9P10/ |
10.1038/ncomms7310 | Biology_easy_524 | These would be important for example for environmental monitoring for measuring air-pollution or in medical diagnostics as a cheap tool to do breath analysis. | Silicon nanophotonic wire waveguides can be engineered 17 within a nanometre precision in a standard CMOS facility. | The results are an important step towards a small-footprint chip scale mid-infrared frequency comb source. Such sources could act as sensitive cheap gas sensors in the mid-infrared. These would be important for example for environmental monitoring for measuring air-pollution or in medical diagnostics as a cheap tool to do breath analysis. | This aberration increases the conversion of parasitic processes significantly 12 and makes modelling difficult. Silicon nanophotonic wire waveguides can be engineered 17 within a nanometre precision in a standard CMOS facility. Such waveguides offer many advantages for mid-infrared nonlinear optics, mostly related to the wide transparency range of silicon (1.1-8 mm), its high nonlinear refractive index, the possibility of precise dispersion engineering of the waveguide platforms and the high refractive index contrast between the silicon waveguide core and the cladding material (typically, SiO 2 or air), which allows for densely integrated waveguide systems with a nonlinear parameter one to two orders of magnitude higher than that possible in the chalcogenide or silicon nitride systems. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150310123204.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1098/rspb.2014.0970 | Biology_easy_525 | Kawahara said the yearlong study is one of the first to utilize a massive amount of genetic data to answer questions about the history of butterflies and moths. | com/stamatak/ExaML) for amino acids. | "This is an important time in the history of science when we can use DNA sequencing on a very large scale." Kawahara said the yearlong study is one of the first to utilize a massive amount of genetic data to answer questions about the history of butterflies and moths. The analysis reveals monumental discoveries about the lineage of Lepidoptera, including strongly contradicting the traditional placement of butterflies in evolutionary history, Kawahara said. | The 26 taxa represented each major lineage in figure 2. com/stamatak/ExaML) for amino acids. Initial attempts to determine the best partitioning scheme by gene and codon position in PARTITIONFINDER did not complete in a reasonable amount of time. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.technology.org/2014/08/01/new-study-advances-dna-revolution-tells-butterflies-evolutionary-history/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-06041-3 | Biology_easy_526 | They found that Staufen1 binds Ataxin2, a protein that is both responsible for ataxia and a risk factor for ALS. | The strength of protein-protein interaction did not differ for wild-type and mutant ATXN2, and we found co-localization of STAU1 with ATXN2 aggregates in individuals with SCA2 and in an SCA2 mouse model (Fig. | These results suggest that targeting Staufen1 could have therapeutic potential in people. They found that Staufen1 binds Ataxin2, a protein that is both responsible for ataxia and a risk factor for ALS. A role for Staufen1 in disease pathology became evident upon genetically depleting it from mice with an ataxia-like condition. | Here, we show for the first time that STAU1 is a novel RNAdependent interactor for ATXN2 (Fig. The strength of protein-protein interaction did not differ for wild-type and mutant ATXN2, and we found co-localization of STAU1 with ATXN2 aggregates in individuals with SCA2 and in an SCA2 mouse model (Fig. We showed increased STAU1 levels in SCA2-FBs and LBCs, SCA2 mouse cerebellar extracts, and in ALS cells expressing mutant TDP-43 (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37035947700&p=1pl&v=1&x=_fBNSBfaccKApqo0JC8KpA |
10.1038/s41467-019-09113-0 | Biology_easy_527 | Much of this data became available only over the last 10 or so years. | Given the unlikelihood of >80-90% crystallization producing the erupted compositions in nature, we also calculate a more realistic scenario in which magmas are produced by a mixture of the two end member processes with 60% of crystallization and the remainder through crustal melting. | The oceanic plate is full of water, lowering the melting point of the mantle as the plate slides deeper into the Earth. Much of this data became available only over the last 10 or so years. "That's the big new finding," Till explained. | The volume and composition of material erupted at Newberry and Three Sisters region (latitudes 43.5-44.5°N) requires a different balance between crystallization and crustal melting, as 60% crystallization does not release enough heat to produce the remainder of magmas through crustal melting. Given the unlikelihood of >80-90% crystallization producing the erupted compositions in nature, we also calculate a more realistic scenario in which magmas are produced by a mixture of the two end member processes with 60% of crystallization and the remainder through crustal melting. The results along the Cascades volcanic arc are constrained as part of an inversion over the broader Cascadia region. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38871624173&p=1pl&v=1&x=NOJVqjqEy3OLIt_IiBNtcg |
10.1093/jmammal/gyu013 | Biology_easy_528 | "The gelada case is comparable to what early domestication of dogs might have been like," study researcher Claudio Sillero, of the University of Oxford, told New Scientist's Bob Holmes. | Rainfall averaged 1,650 ± 243 mm per year and was strongly seasonal, and more than half of annual rainfall occurred during July and August . | This peaceful interaction could be similar to how dogs were first domesticated by humans. "The gelada case is comparable to what early domestication of dogs might have been like," study researcher Claudio Sillero, of the University of Oxford, told New Scientist's Bob Holmes. From their observations, they think the mutual friendship helps the wolves hunt, by making rodents easier to spot and catch. | From 2007 to 2012, the average monthly temperature (± SD) at Guassa was 11.0 ± 1.2°C . Rainfall averaged 1,650 ± 243 mm per year and was strongly seasonal, and more than half of annual rainfall occurred during July and August . During this period, geladas encountered Ethiopian wolves often, feral dogs occasionally, and servals rarely, and did not encounter cryptic African wolves, hyenas, or leopards. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.businessinsider.com/are-these-monkeys-domesticating-wolves-2015-6 |
10.1016/j.clnu.2012.11.018 | Biology_easy_529 | La variante mas popular implica 16 horas de ayuno y ocho horas en las que puedes comer. | The anabolic response can only be determined when synthesis and breakdown are measured simultaneously. | El ayuno intermitente es cuando comes todas las calorias diarias en un tiempo de alimentacion designado. La variante mas popular implica 16 horas de ayuno y ocho horas en las que puedes comer. No obstante, las versiones mas extremas, que han demostrado tener algunos beneficios para la salud, tambien estan ganando terreno, especialmente entre los asistentes al gimnasio. | There are technical advantages to determining whole body protein synthesis and breakdown, because no muscle biopsies are required and frequent blood sampling enables reasonable calculation of both synthesis and breakdown during amino acid or protein absorption. The anabolic response can only be determined when synthesis and breakdown are measured simultaneously. However, measurement of protein synthesis and breakdown at the whole body level is also of value when evaluating the anabolic response. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38517408507&p=1pl&v=1&x=PZHXVgxkt9s4rBxEsGTJCg |
10.1038/s41588-019-0423-x | Biology_easy_530 | "You can take the time to consider the options and make sure you get the right treatment," Weiser said. | 2b ), they were not enriched for CRC drivers (defined based on IntOGen and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ) or a published list of pan-cancer drivers Supplementary Fig. | Curtis stressed that the findings do not diminish the importance of colon cancer screening to catch the disease early. But if that risk has more to do with tumor genetics than with time, patients may feel less pressure to make an immediate decision. "You can take the time to consider the options and make sure you get the right treatment," Weiser said. | private high-frequency sSNVs than the primary tumor (P = 0.020, Wilcoxon rank-sum test; Fig. 2b ), they were not enriched for CRC drivers (defined based on IntOGen and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ) or a published list of pan-cancer drivers Supplementary Fig. These data reflect limited driver-gene heterogeneity between P/M pairs and suggest that few additional private genomic drivers were required for metastasis when the primary CRC is already advanced. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39491155360&p=1pl&v=1&x=39D9f5388GEpMnvvnV5u4Q |
10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.025 | Biology_easy_531 | The difference between the groups is driven by the younger African Americans (30 - 40 yr. old). | Likewise, we can obtain the reduced expression vectors from M where the fold change residuals are derived from the differences between infected and non-infected samples residuals for each individual j from which a valid sample of each condition was collected: ε | The researchers showed that African Americans mounted significantly higher neutralizing and IgG antibody titers to H1N1 compared to Caucasians, indicating better protection. The difference between the groups is driven by the younger African Americans (30 - 40 yr. old). They also observed that the heightened response in African Americans diminishes with age; there was no significant response difference in older African Americans (>65 yr. old) compared to Caucasians. | From a merely formal point of view, the P ST statistics is just the coefficient of determination R 2 associated to the regression model that defines the reduced expression vectors. Likewise, we can obtain the reduced expression vectors from M where the fold change residuals are derived from the differences between infected and non-infected samples residuals for each individual j from which a valid sample of each condition was collected: ε Moreover, the Pst coefficients obtained from model M 3 , can be also obtained from M For each site, and separately for each population, we simulated 500 allele frequency trajectories. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/BreakingScienceNews/~3/u-Ok09lkzD8/ethnicity-influences-response-influenza-vaccine-04313.html |
10.1073/pnas.1810596115 | Biology_easy_532 | "Our results suggest at least two different ways in which the brain has evolved to anticipate the future," said Breska. | In three conditions, participants detected a target embedded in a visual stream (Fig. | Ultimately, the results confirm that the brain uses two different mechanisms for anticipatory timing, challenging theories that a single brain system handles all our timing needs, researchers said. "Our results suggest at least two different ways in which the brain has evolved to anticipate the future," said Breska. "A rhythm-based system is sensitive to periodic events in the world such as is inherent in speech and music," he added. | This double dissociation constitutes causal evidence in favor of distinct computational and neural mechanisms for interval-and rhythm-based temporal prediction, and highlights the contribution of these subcortical structures to attentional orienting. In three conditions, participants detected a target embedded in a visual stream (Fig. In the "single-interval" condition, the target timing was predictable based on aperiodic repeated presentation of pairs of stimuli that defined the target interval. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37749877016&p=1pl&v=1&x=OmFz0NnXqLnYTmJvjsX7tw |
10.1098/rspb.2017.2733 | Biology_easy_533 | The researchers also note that, in addition to helping big business, further study of these relationships would also inform our understanding of the ecology and evolution of both insects and yeasts. | Such cases might be in the minority, however. | While the bulk of the available research focuses on individual yeasts or insect species (like fruit flies), our overarching review of the literature finds that this mutually beneficial phenomenon likely holds true for many different insect species and for many types of yeast. These are some of the same traits that make yeasts attractive to insects. The researchers also note that, in addition to helping big business, further study of these relationships would also inform our understanding of the ecology and evolution of both insects and yeasts. | In some cases, specificity appears to be due to selectivity on behalf of the insects. Such cases might be in the minority, however. One can imagine a scenario in which yeasts attract the insects most likely to vector them to the sugar or other food resources on which they best grow. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33616614508&p=1pl&v=1&x=5b64fVPPm7h-Gh82xeMicA |
10.1016/j.celrep.2014.08.055 | Biology_easy_534 | "OCT4 also represses neuronal differentiation, so we think that the loss of that repression with BRD4 inhibition is the most likely reason for the induction of neuronal characteristics in the stem cells," says Dr. Di Micco. | In Fig. | These genes, including OCT4 and PRDM14, showed steep drops in expression when Dr. Di Micco applied BRD4 inhibitors to stem cells. "OCT4 also represses neuronal differentiation, so we think that the loss of that repression with BRD4 inhibition is the most likely reason for the induction of neuronal characteristics in the stem cells," says Dr. Di Micco. The new findings suggest that BRD4 enforces stem cell identity from an even higher regulatory level in the cell. | This normalization enables the comparison of initiating/elongating regions separately between treatments. In (a), a subset of BRD4 peaks was selected such that the distributions of BRD4 intensities of enhanceroverlapping BRD4 peaks are statistically indistinguishable between SE-overlapping and TE-overlapping BRD4 peaks (identical quartiles and pvalue=0.5 using a t-test). In Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/scientists-identify-key-factor-that-maintains-stem-cell-identity |
10.1038/s41467-018-04532-x | Biology_easy_535 | The findings, published in Nature Communications, bring the field one step closer to application. | In Fig. | Complete randomness in the structures of superconductors and insulators could lower the requirements of pristine crystalline ordering -- and make them more accessible to industry. The findings, published in Nature Communications, bring the field one step closer to application. While topological superconductors might not exist in nature, they can be fabricated, as the study demonstrates. | This is a consequence of a topological edge mode enclosing a finite system and is directly observable as discussed below. In Fig. In the topological phase, the system exhibits a quantized thermal conductance which is a direct consequence of the nontrivial topology. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34220879760&p=1pl&v=1&x=KKEOXU_X6EpTgaB2jAyoyQ |
10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.030 | Biology_easy_536 | Controlling the amount of light a hamster receives in the lab can delay arrival of puberty, which comes around 30 days of age for "long-day" hamsters and around 100 days of age or later for "short-day" hamsters. | Nevertheless, caveats must be considered when using the seasonal-species approach. | From play to dominance
Using a seasonal breeding species, like Siberian hamsters, allowed researchers to control the timing of puberty. Controlling the amount of light a hamster receives in the lab can delay arrival of puberty, which comes around 30 days of age for "long-day" hamsters and around 100 days of age or later for "short-day" hamsters. With two groups going through puberty at different times, researchers can observe behavioral changes in each group to determine whether these changes are always locked to puberty. | Finally, SD rearing more accurately mimics the prepubertal state by altering the development of the entire reproductive axis rather than just the gonads. Nevertheless, caveats must be considered when using the seasonal-species approach. SD housing of adult Syrian hamsters increases the steroid sensitivity of neural circuits regulating territorial aggression of females but decreases the steroid sensitivity of the neural circuits regulating the sex behavior of males and females 28]. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | https://www.futurity.org/hormones-teen-social-behavior-1707962/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-03902-9 | Biology_easy_537 | The discovery of this new checkpoint in gene expression could be used for the development of new antibiotics. | 1c) , suggesting that the transcription complexes synthesized 6-mer RNA and paused. | 'The fact that the RNAP can be simultaneously bound to the DNA and the short piece of RNA for a longer period of time was very surprising, as it contradicts current knowledge,' says Dr. Dulin. The discovery of this new checkpoint in gene expression could be used for the development of new antibiotics. 'For example, it may be possible to develop medication that locks the RNAP in the paused state, thus killing the bacteria that cause illnesses,' says Dr. Dulin. | 1b and Supplementary Fig. 1c) , suggesting that the transcription complexes synthesized 6-mer RNA and paused. The second population comprised ITCs that returned from the PS to the US state (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33988829961&p=1pl&v=1&x=sIyhc04yVa3V5dJPA2VSbg |
10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00370.x | Biology_easy_538 | The public chose well. | This species might serve as a reverse translational model for atherosclerosis resistance. | ... All hail Holly whose healthy heft will help her hibernate until the spring. The public chose well. She gained a lot of weight! | Brown bears tolerate elevated cholesterol levels, obesity, physical inactivity, and circulatory slow fl ow during hibernation without signs of atherosclerosis. This species might serve as a reverse translational model for atherosclerosis resistance. Th e experimental design of recaptuing provides controls for both internal and external eff ects (body and external temperature, feeding status, metabolic rate) in accordance with recommendations by Carey et al. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40332148373&p=1pl&v=1&x=cJpDRN-beE4AfuXMTYykaw |
10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.021 | Biology_easy_539 | It's a dangerous world for a solo meerkat." | The telomere assay had very late amplification in the no template control (NTcalC) (Ct > 26.95). | A lucky few start their own group and become dominant breeders. "Away from the group there is no early warning system, and meerkats are easy prey for eagles, goshawks and caracal. It's a dangerous world for a solo meerkat." | Dissociation curves showed a single peak for both assays in all reactions. The telomere assay had very late amplification in the no template control (NTcalC) (Ct > 26.95). This was deemed to be late formation of primer-dimer and acceptable considering the highest Ct of our DNA samples (17.37) . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34959348511&p=1pl&v=1&x=1MgMG7oRGbJVjC1G5Ie3GA |
10.1038/s41467-018-04738-z | Biology_easy_540 | "Economic optimization can be quite effective in reducing current greenhouse-gas emissions, it certainly has its strengths. | Note, that the division of state space into acceptable and unacceptable states is not identical for all polices, but depends on the rewards receivable through executing a policy. | All of these turn out to have their benefits and deficits, yet the profit-maximizing approach shows the greatest likelihood of producing outcomes that harm people or the environment. "Economic optimization can be quite effective in reducing current greenhouse-gas emissions, it certainly has its strengths. Even for relatively high risks, and even if profit-maximizing agents in our calculations are far-sighted, they tend to accept the possibility of detrimental environmental and societal impacts." | Based on the Brundtland Commission's report on sustainable development 26 a sustainable policy should fulfill two requirements: First, meet the needs of the present. Note, that the division of state space into acceptable and unacceptable states is not identical for all polices, but depends on the rewards receivable through executing a policy. Second, a sustainable policy should sustain the ability to meet the needs of the future 26 . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34322701711&p=1pl&v=1&x=vJJD8AB_eJNeMdvdg2kC-g |
10.1038/s41467-018-03926-1 | Biology_easy_542 | "We tried a few approaches, but none seemed to work convincingly", said Danelon. | Alkaline conditions hydrolyze RNA and separate DNA strands, allowing to separate unfolded ssDNA according to their respective sizes. | Combining the Japanese system with a module for DNA replication proved difficult. "We tried a few approaches, but none seemed to work convincingly", said Danelon. "Viruses are very intriguing from a molecular biology point of view", said Van Nies. | Following the same protocol but omitting the column purification step prevents the DNA from running into the gel. Alkaline conditions hydrolyze RNA and separate DNA strands, allowing to separate unfolded ssDNA according to their respective sizes. A small fraction (ca. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33847806434&p=1pl&v=1&x=nY5fA_k2gkansUzroWPH1A |
10.1038/s41477-018-0249-z | Biology_easy_545 | New episodes are ready weekday mornings so you can listen on your morning commute. | 3a and Supplementary Fig. | Detecting when the ripening switch is ready to be thrown gives produce growers a clearer shot at the perfect ripening window. And if they can apply it to a range of fruits, that could mean even more variety for us in the supermarket aisles. New episodes are ready weekday mornings so you can listen on your morning commute. | We could then mutate the EIN3 binding motif in the RIN promoter and the RIN binding motif in the ACS2 promoter, both of which disrupted the spontaneous ethylene synthesis ( Fig. 3a and Supplementary Fig. These results confirmed that the exogenous tomato ACS2 and MADS genes are responsible for the observed ethylene burst. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37195228032&p=1pl&v=1&x=vULEBp3cDUvW_xMAAr-xkQ |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.06.012 | Biology_easy_546 | Note: material may have been edited for length and content. | Importantly, the basal ganglia direct and indirect pathways interact distinctly with these different controllers. | At the same time, by identifying how different cell types in the brain control our behavior, it provides new insight into potential treatments for different neurological diseases." Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. | Together, these data suggest that the learned action sequence is likely organized in a hierarchical manner, with both local subsequence-level and global sequence-level controls. Importantly, the basal ganglia direct and indirect pathways interact distinctly with these different controllers. Similar to the observations in the LLRR sequence, brief stimulation (100 ms) of iSPNs after the first press of the LLLRRR sequence ablated the entire left subsequence, removing multiple upcoming left presses well beyond the stimulation period (Figures 5G and 5H) . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34425568667&p=1pl&v=1&x=kttWziQnmbJXslRMYzR9Jw |
10.1177/0748730403253585 | Biology_easy_547 | And you won't even need a flashlight behind your knee. | Thus, the increase in this jet lag scale was fairly small. | Given this knowledge of circadian rhythms, one can -- as one article title claimed -- "trick Mother Nature" into letting you fly around the world without jet lag. And you won't even need a flashlight behind your knee. Please send suggestions to Mind Matters editor Gareth Cook, a Pulitzer prize-winning journalist at the Boston Globe. | The highest mean score that occurred was 11 (out of a possible 36), and this occurred in the dim light group on the 3rd treatment day and in the intermittent light group on the 2nd and 3rd treatment days. Thus, the increase in this jet lag scale was fairly small. There was a significant main effect of section of study, [F(3,75) = 9.62, p < 0.001], and a significant section of study by light group interaction, [F(6,75) = 2.56, p = 0.044], but no significant main effect of group. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=how-to-prevent-jet-lag |
10.1073/pnas.1702798114 | Biology_easy_548 | It's a completely new and novel strategy to tackle this issue," Sheppard says. | Biofilm disruption was associated with a marked reduction in hyphae-associated GAG as detected by lectin staining (Fig. | The team's research, which appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, creates a promising avenue for the development of innovative strategies to treat a wide variety of diseases and hospital-acquired infections like pneumonia, as well as bloodstream and urinary tract infection. It's a completely new and novel strategy to tackle this issue," Sheppard says. These enzymes are the first strategy that has ever been effective in eradicating mature biofilms, and that work in mouse models of infection," adds Sheppard. | Treatment with Sph3 h for 1 h disrupted established A. fumigatus biofilms with an effective concentration for 50% activity (EC 50 ) of 0.45 ± 1.31 nM (Fig. Biofilm disruption was associated with a marked reduction in hyphae-associated GAG as detected by lectin staining (Fig. A catalytic variant Sph3 h D166A, which does not mediate GAG hydrolysis , displayed a greater than 500-fold reduction in antibiofilm activity (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/biofilm-microbes-enzymes-1466602/ |
10.1186/1472-6882-6-39 | Biology_easy_549 | But it doesn't have to be so hard. | In our study, cinnamon, clove, geranium, lemon, lime, orange and rosemary oils exhibited strong activity against the selected bacterial strains. | But it doesn't have to be so hard. Your home will go back to smelling as fresh and bright as it looks, and you'll spend a lot less time wrinkling your nose the second you step in the door. Whether you're cleaning with ingredients that stop the source of malodors in their tracks or keeping your air fresh, filtered and scented with essential oils, these are the keys to making sure your home always smells great. | In vitro studies in this work showed that the essential oils inhibited bacterial growth but their effectiveness varied. In our study, cinnamon, clove, geranium, lemon, lime, orange and rosemary oils exhibited strong activity against the selected bacterial strains. Even though earlier studies have reported better antimicrobial activity for eucalyptus oil our study showed least inhibitory activity of eucalyptus in addition to aniseed and camphor oils. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38333045251&p=1pl&v=1&x=3oeAumBFT2BybbhrgComfg |
10.1111/1365-2656.12311 | Biology_easy_550 | By comparing grasshoppers found at woodland sites once used for agriculture to similar sites never disturbed by farming, Hahn and Orrock show that despite decades of recovery, the numbers and types of species found in each differ, as do the understory plants and other ecological variables, like soil properties. | pseudo-R 2 ). | By comparing grasshoppers found at woodland sites once used for agriculture to similar sites never disturbed by farming, Hahn and Orrock show that despite decades of recovery, the numbers and types of species found in each differ, as do the understory plants and other ecological variables, like soil properties. The findings have implications for conservationists, land-use planners, policymakers and land managers looking to prevent habitat destruction or promote ecological recovery of natural spaces. Hahn and Orrock suggest new strategies may be needed in these disturbed environments. | Total number of grasshoppers collected at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, USA in three 5 m 9 5 m plots per site regressed against herbaceous cover (averaged across the three plots and centred). pseudo-R 2 ). *P ≤ 0Á05; **P ≤ 0Á01; ***P<0.001. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/11/141124160456.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_society+%28Top+Society+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1038/ng.3916 | Biology_easy_551 | "We spent a lot of evenings out there making a dent in his very nice cellar," Moir says. | Gene-wide analysis of TREM2 showed a genome-wide significant association (P SKAT = 1.42 × 10 −15 ) (Supplementary Tables 10 and 11) . | "I was like, well, what does that mean?" "We spent a lot of evenings out there making a dent in his very nice cellar," Moir says. "Maybe amyloid plaques are a brain pearl," Moir says, "a way for our body to trap and permanently sequester these invading pathogens." | These variants are not in linkage disequilibrium (Supplementary Table 14) , and conditional analyses confirmed that p.Arg62His and p.Arg47His are independent risk variants (Supplementary Fig. Gene-wide analysis of TREM2 showed a genome-wide significant association (P SKAT = 1.42 × 10 −15 ) (Supplementary Tables 10 and 11) . Removal of p.Arg47His and the p.Arg62His variants from the analysis diminished the genewide association, but the signal remained interesting (P SKAT-O = 6.3 × 10 −3 , P Burden = 4.1 × 10 −3 ). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33329016373&p=1pl&v=1&x=47prfIJfMfIWS28CMR-xlw |
10.1038/s41593-019-0365-8 | Biology_easy_552 | This study is an example of how SickKids is making Ontario healthier, wealthier and smarter (www.healthierwealthiersmarter.com). | In future experiments, lawns could be engineered to contain specific excitatory subtypes by Ngn2 overexpression 28 or to express optically or chemically gated modulators of activity that expand the range of possible testable phenotypes. | The strength of the stem cell based approach is that it produces human nerve cells to study autism in the lab. The changes seen in the lab may have occurred prior to the behavioural changes related to autism, and this may limit the translation of the research into clinical settings. This study is an example of how SickKids is making Ontario healthier, wealthier and smarter (www.healthierwealthiersmarter.com). | We showed cell autonomous effects by assessing morphology and electrophysiology of R841X on control and mutant lawns. In future experiments, lawns could be engineered to contain specific excitatory subtypes by Ngn2 overexpression 28 or to express optically or chemically gated modulators of activity that expand the range of possible testable phenotypes. Moreover, SparCon can be adapted to use other cell type-specific promoters such as hvGAT to selectively label inhibitory neurons 29 or GDAP1L1 30 to restrict analyses to neurons of similar age and electrophysiological properties. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38903747903&p=1pl&v=1&x=NHwORxj2_z4EMPc6R5egQg |
10.1126/science.1250217 | Biology_easy_554 | Researchers found that the yeast cells have about 50 main ways in which they react to any drug. | Fluconazole inhibits the protein Erg11, thus demonstrating the ability of HIP to identify targets in vivo (Fig. | For the first time, researchers have untangled genetic and environmental factors related to drug reactions, bringing us a step closer to predicting how a drug will affect us. Researchers found that the yeast cells have about 50 main ways in which they react to any drug. This relatively small number of gene signatures means that it might be possible to eventually use a person's genome to predict their drug response. | For example, the Erg11D /ERG11 strain represents a "hit" as it had the largest FD in the fluconazole HIP profile and passed significance and specificity thresholds . Fluconazole inhibits the protein Erg11, thus demonstrating the ability of HIP to identify targets in vivo (Fig. Fluconazole HOP identified mechanisms that buffer the ergosterol pathway, including the requirement for iron (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140410141916.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.014 | Biology_easy_555 | They found that those cultures exposed to air containing varied amounts of oxygen (between 5% and 8%) became synchronized to a new circadian rhythm. | ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, N.S -Non Significant. | While it remains unclear at this time if altering the oxygen content of the air we breathe could be an effective way to overcome jet lag in humans, Dr. Asher's team believes that airlines may want to try and alter the amount of oxygen that is in the air that passengers on their planes breathe. They found that those cultures exposed to air containing varied amounts of oxygen (between 5% and 8%) became synchronized to a new circadian rhythm. The 16% oxygen mice were found to adapt to the new day-night schedule significantly quicker than their counterparts, the researchers found, based on observations of their eating, sleeping, and overall activity levels. | J., The distribution of the number of days that took the two different mouse strains to adopt the new lighting schedule are presented together with the mean ± SD (4.9 ± 0.2 and 6.3 ± 0.2 days for Hif1α +/+ and Hif1α +/littermates respectively, p value 0.0004, n=15). ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, N.S -Non Significant. Genomewide and phase-specific DNA-binding rhythms of BMAL1 control circadian output functions in mouse liver. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1113416286/jet-lag-cure-102416/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-04140-9 | Biology_easy_556 | "This study represents an important step towards better understanding the HLB disease mechanism, which will help us develop novel approaches to control this unstoppable disease," Ma said. | 5) . | "In the diseased trees we studied, the protein levels of some PLCPs were increased, presumably attempting to combat the bacterial infection," Ma said. This study is among the first to describe the molecular tactics employed by CLas to colonize citrus plants. "This study represents an important step towards better understanding the HLB disease mechanism, which will help us develop novel approaches to control this unstoppable disease," Ma said. | The results show that while PtoDC3000Δcip1 and the EV control exhibited strong reductions in virulence compared to wild-type PtoDC3000, expression of SDE1 partially, but significantly, complemented this virulence deficiency (Fig. 5) . Collectively, these results suggest that SDE1 promotes bacterial infection, likely by inhibiting PLCP activity in plant hosts. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33931193847&p=1pl&v=1&x=JkkaF22Itix2BOzYIRHmpQ |
10.1038/s41467-017-01333-6 | Biology_easy_557 | Most mice learn to shut their eyes when they see the light blink, to avoid the irritation of the coming air puff. | In addition, conditional knockout of UBC13 led to little or no difference in the rise time of mEPSCs and to a modest increase in the decay time of mEPSCs (Supplementary Fig. | When the researchers tested their ability to learn motor skills, however, the mice without RNF8 failed miserably. Most mice learn to shut their eyes when they see the light blink, to avoid the irritation of the coming air puff. After a week of training, mice with a functioning copy of the gene closed their eyes in anticipation more than three quarters of the time, while mice without the gene shut their eyes just a third of the time. | Expression of RNF8ResR42A failed to reverse the RNF8 knockdown-induced presynaptic bouton phenotype in the cerebellum in vivo. In addition, conditional knockout of UBC13 led to little or no difference in the rise time of mEPSCs and to a modest increase in the decay time of mEPSCs (Supplementary Fig. Together, these data reveal that the structural alterations in parallel fiber/Purkinje cell synapse development in UBC13 conditional knockout mice bear functional consequences on synaptic neurotransmission. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/autism-brain-gene-synapses-1598072/ |
10.1073/pnas.1515348112 | Biology_easy_558 | The hunt continues
Clardy's team hasn't yet determined the role of the three new molecules, but the likelihood that the genes are being transferred from colony to colony makes the researchers suspect they're important for the ants in some way. | A weak correlation between the methyl group protons and the β-protons of the α-methyl-L-serine, along with the HSQC and HMBC data, helped corroborate the identity of this unusual amino acid. | "It suggests that these genes are moving around in the environment from bacterium to bacterium," he said. The hunt continues
Clardy's team hasn't yet determined the role of the three new molecules, but the likelihood that the genes are being transferred from colony to colony makes the researchers suspect they're important for the ants in some way. He also suspects that what they found isn't an anomaly. | The chloro-and hydroxysubstitutions distinguished the aliphatic proton signals of each piperazic acid, giving rise to distinct patterns in the COSY for each of the three similar residues. A weak correlation between the methyl group protons and the β-protons of the α-methyl-L-serine, along with the HSQC and HMBC data, helped corroborate the identity of this unusual amino acid. Facile crystallization of gerumycin occurred in 50% acetonitrile/water to form colorless block crystals. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/-4IUOlhi2UE/ |
10.1002/etc.2793 | Biology_easy_559 | However, it should go without saying that things can be overlooked. | Metformin was below the limit of detection in control samples and was found at 41 AE 8 mg/L in treatment samples. | Water pollution is not exactly an underappreciated concern. However, it should go without saying that things can be overlooked. That appears to be the case concerning pollution from a common diabetic drug, which may now be poisoning fish in Lake Michigan. | The link between insulin signaling and steroidogenesis indicates the potential for antidiabetic drugs including metformin to act as endocrine disruptors. Metformin was below the limit of detection in control samples and was found at 41 AE 8 mg/L in treatment samples. No differences in expression were found in the liver between treatment or sex for the metabolic genes GK (2-way ANOVA: | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/11583/20150102/lake-michigan-being-poisoned-diabetes-drugs.htm |
10.1038/ncomms2744 | Biology_easy_560 | But the larvae could live and develop normally if all they ever ate were their fellow maggots: a cannibalistic diet was sufficient, though they develop more slowly and don't grow to be as large. | 4b ; difference in slopes F 1,10 = 5.8, P = 0.037). | Those who were malnourished in the lab were more likely to have cannibalistic tendencies. But the larvae could live and develop normally if all they ever ate were their fellow maggots: a cannibalistic diet was sufficient, though they develop more slowly and don't grow to be as large. Check out some videos here. | Second, larvae from the Selected populations aggregated significantly faster around experimentally injured victims ( Fig. 4b ; difference in slopes F 1,10 = 5.8, P = 0.037). Both these differences are heritable; because the assayed Selected and Control larvae and their parents were raised on standard food prior to these assays, the effect of individual experience or maternal environment can be excluded. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-05/what-cannibals-could-teach-us-about-evolution |
10.1126/scitranslmed.3010134 | Biology_easy_561 | This blend of academic excellence and its real-world application feeds into ImperialaEUR(tm)s exceptional learning environment, where students participate in research to push the limits of their degrees. | RNA sequencing showed comparable total TTN transcript levels in patients with or without TTNtv (Fig. | A real-time transcript will be viewable at http://rcc.intercall.com/. This blend of academic excellence and its real-world application feeds into ImperialaEUR(tm)s exceptional learning environment, where students participate in research to push the limits of their degrees. It has increased the volume of applied health research for the benefit of patients and the public, driven faster translation of basic science discoveries into tangible benefits for patients and the economy, and developed and supported the people who conduct and contribute to applied health research. | In addition, we deduced that a linear positional effect of TTNtv implied that mutant proteins produced dominant negative effects. RNA sequencing showed comparable total TTN transcript levels in patients with or without TTNtv (Fig. Moreover, the relative expression of TTNtv and of other single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed throughout TTN transcripts showed robust expression of both alleles (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/titin-gene-mutations-will-help-identify-patients-at-risk-of-heart-failure/ |
10.1073/pnas.1708805114 | Biology_easy_562 | Potential impact
About one in 100 people who receive hip or knee replacements experience an infection, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. | The results demonstrate that among Csg-related amyloidogenic proteins the antiamyloid activity of both WT-TTR and M-TTR is not sequence-specific. | "We found that TTR can prevent biofilm formation in a uropathogenic E. coli strain as well as other bacterial strains." Potential impact
About one in 100 people who receive hip or knee replacements experience an infection, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. "It's possible that products derived or based on these protein interactions could reduce this problem in medicine, that biofilms form on a lot of artificial surfaces implanted within the body," Buxbaum says. | CsgA, 15hr CsgA+WT-TTR, 15hr CsgA+M-TTR, 15hr amyloid, whereas WT-TTR did not significantly alter CsgB trunc fibril formation (Fig. The results demonstrate that among Csg-related amyloidogenic proteins the antiamyloid activity of both WT-TTR and M-TTR is not sequence-specific. (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/ttr-protein-fights-biofilm-1596272/ |
10.1002/ece3.1068 | Biology_easy_563 | (Photo : Flickr: Derek B. | The significant Mantel correlations ranged from 0.1915 to 0.2159 and were slightly stronger than the correlation with Euclidian distance (r M = 0.1913); however, all confidence intervals overlapped (Fig. | (Photo : Flickr: Derek B. "We have found that it is increasingly difficult for Maine and New Hampshire cottontails to travel the large distances between fragmented habitats necessary to maintain gene flow among populations of cottontail," Kovach explained. Once you have a more mature forest, the cottontail habitat is reduced." | For the Mantel tests comparing our hypothesized cost distances with cottontail genetic distance across the entire study area, all of the dispersal models, except the logarithmic road model, were statistically significant. The significant Mantel correlations ranged from 0.1915 to 0.2159 and were slightly stronger than the correlation with Euclidian distance (r M = 0.1913); however, all confidence intervals overlapped (Fig. 6) . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/8213/20140723/saving-new-england-cottontail.htm |
10.1016/j.stem.2017.02.014 | Biology_easy_564 | This approach has revealed new insights into the timing and coordination of the changes in gene activity and modifications to the DNA that occur as cells are reprogrammed from one state to another. | We obtained similar results using the WIBR3 PSC line under 5i/L/FA conditions ( Figure S5B ). | By recognising the flags, researchers can now accurately track and investigate stem cells as the cells transition between different states. This approach has revealed new insights into the timing and coordination of the changes in gene activity and modifications to the DNA that occur as cells are reprogrammed from one state to another. These findings will open up new ways to improve the efficiency of cell reprogramming and to drive stem cells to become different types of specialised cell. | We continued to maintain N4 + cells under naive PSC culture conditions for over 20 passages, and the cells generated stable naive PSC lines ( Figure 6F ). We obtained similar results using the WIBR3 PSC line under 5i/L/FA conditions ( Figure S5B ). To improve the usability of our approach, we refined the set of antibodies and found that a combination of two naive-specific markers (CD75 and CD130) and two primed-specific markers (CD24 and CD57) could largely recapitulate the full antibody panel. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/a-tale-of-2-states/ |
10.1038/s41467-019-08499-1 | Biology_easy_566 | The mixing of such different types of fluids probably enhances the conditions that can support microbial life, leading to higher diversity and providing new opportunities to take advantage of their "gassy" environment. | However, this is unlikely for the SJ3. | He noted that the volcanic gas that ends up in SJ3 is very different from the gases that are present in our atmosphere in that it lacks oxygen. The mixing of such different types of fluids probably enhances the conditions that can support microbial life, leading to higher diversity and providing new opportunities to take advantage of their "gassy" environment. Comparing SJ3 to a buffet, Colman said, "Just like a greater variety of food attracts more and different types of people, so does a hot spring that offers a variety of chemical conditions." | Nevertheless, here and in other comparisons, it is possible that the lack of genome completeness could lead to the apparent absence of some functional gene homologs. However, this is unlikely for the SJ3. Bin34 MAG owing to its high estimated completeness (~99%) and other lines of evidence suggesting the potential for hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38659154593&p=1pl&v=1&x=2fk4UflVCFGC6rwI4eBVzg |
10.1038/s41586-018-0772-0 | Biology_easy_567 | "We found that the ability of CA2 cells to efficiently activate the lateral septum is greatly enhanced when vasopressin is released in the lateral septum," said Dr. Siegelbaum. | We observed no difference related to sex and the results were pooled together. | "Further along in the interaction between the two mice, a signal generated in CA2 is sent to the lateral septum, which facilitates aggressive behavior." "We found that the ability of CA2 cells to efficiently activate the lateral septum is greatly enhanced when vasopressin is released in the lateral septum," said Dr. Siegelbaum. "Previous research had revealed a link between vasopressin and aggression, and CA2 appears to lie at the center of this effect." | χ 2 test, **P = 0.008. We observed no difference related to sex and the results were pooled together. No statistical methods were used to predetermine sample size, but sample sizes are consistent with those generally employed in the field. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37894688052&p=1pl&v=1&x=iuWRkyFSsqVZLoaDbYQOmg |
10.1038/s41586-019-1005-x | Biology_easy_570 | "We can get rid of it. | Consistent with these results, mass-spectrometry analysis of metabolites identified increased levels of TCA cycle intermediates and ATP levels upon BACH1 knockdown (Extended Data Fig. | "We found we could basically put a thumb on this trouble-making BACH1 protein," Rosner said. "We can get rid of it. We can do that with heme. | These data suggest that loss of BACH1 promotes mitochondrial respiration. Consistent with these results, mass-spectrometry analysis of metabolites identified increased levels of TCA cycle intermediates and ATP levels upon BACH1 knockdown (Extended Data Fig. We also observed a decrease in the steady-state levels of multiple intermediates in the glycolysis pathway, including glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), fructose-6-phosphate (F6P), fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F16BP), dihydroxyacetone phosphate/glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (DG3P) and lactate in shBACH1 cells. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38704198175&p=1pl&v=1&x=0iHPZkZx9iXcC0RfZfNJbg |
10.1126/sciadv.aaq0333 | Biology_easy_571 | And even before the shark fin soup craze picked up, miles-long nets fitted with thousands of hooks to catch massive tuna inadvertently caught the big sharks. | Thus, it cannot be excluded that subsistence fishing by local Chagossians Table 2 . | The reef, for example, lacks some of the biggest sharks -- like Mako and Tigers -- which very well could have been done in by overfishing, even in the open sea, farther from the Chagos islands. And even before the shark fin soup craze picked up, miles-long nets fitted with thousands of hooks to catch massive tuna inadvertently caught the big sharks. "In the 50s and 60s, for every tuna you could catch five or six sharks," said Ferretti. | Therefore, although we cannot be sure of the impact of the bank fishery on shark populations around the Chagos archipelago, anecdotal evidence suggest that reef sharks were being depleted across the WIO ( . Thus, it cannot be excluded that subsistence fishing by local Chagossians Table 2 . Model fit is indicated by its relative WAIC. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=33502636256&p=1pl&v=1&x=KD_l9fQxspqaPu9fkAkAhg |
10.3389/fphar.2013.00071 | Biology_easy_572 | After taking their daily dose for 10 days, they found that those who consumed the drink reported feeling significantly better than people popping the pill. | The primary function of Th17 cells appears to be the clearance of pathogens that are not adequately handled by Th1 or Th2 cells and they are potent inducers of tissue inflammation ( . | One analysis found that the polyphenols in cocoa may have a positive impact on your T cells, which help keep your immune system functioning properly. After taking their daily dose for 10 days, they found that those who consumed the drink reported feeling significantly better than people popping the pill. It tastes good and adds a solid "bite" to your favorite meals and drinks. | After naïve Th cell activation and proliferation, effector Th lymphocytes appear. The primary function of Th17 cells appears to be the clearance of pathogens that are not adequately handled by Th1 or Th2 cells and they are potent inducers of tissue inflammation ( . No changes in the secretion of this cytokine were observed in splenocytes , although others found increased values , and in vitro studies demonstrated a suppression of IFN-γ production by PHA-stimulated PBMC (Jenny et al., 2009) . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=32774827940&p=1pl&v=1&x=iRPjlQENKX1MIkVFX6UuxQ |
10.1038/ng.955 | Biology_easy_573 | Their life expectancy is 12 years fewer than noncarriers. | Ovarian tumors from BRIP1 mutation carriers show loss of the wild-type allele, suggesting that the BRIP1 gene behaves like a classical tumor suppressor gene in ovarian cancer and that tumors with bi-allelic loss of BRIP1 may be good targets for therapeutic agents that affect DNA repair pathways. | But the most significant feature of deCODE's research effort may be its capacity to yield insights into cancer epidemiology and biomarker discovery. Their life expectancy is 12 years fewer than noncarriers. These insights can be applied to other populations, as well. | Furthermore, the lives of BRIP1 mutation carriers are on average 3.6 years shorter than those of non-carriers. Ovarian tumors from BRIP1 mutation carriers show loss of the wild-type allele, suggesting that the BRIP1 gene behaves like a classical tumor suppressor gene in ovarian cancer and that tumors with bi-allelic loss of BRIP1 may be good targets for therapeutic agents that affect DNA repair pathways. Because of the relatively low prevalence of ovarian cancer, apparently sporadic cases may actually be caused by rare mutations that have large effects. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.newsweek.com/vikings-might-slay-cancer-354895 |
10.1038/s41598-019-40546-1 | Biology_easy_574 | It feels like Yuka was waiting for me to find her." | Nucleus-like structures found in the tissue homogenate were histone-and lamin-positive by immunostaining. | "I'm so happy with this latest research. It feels like Yuka was waiting for me to find her." "I was so moved when I saw the cells stir. | Proteomic analyses demonstrated the presence of nuclear components in the remains. Nucleus-like structures found in the tissue homogenate were histone-and lamin-positive by immunostaining. In the reconstructed oocytes, the mammoth nuclei showed the spindle assembly, histone incorporation and partial nuclear formation; however, the full activation of nuclei for cleavage was not confirmed. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38785874512&p=1pl&v=1&x=wao7bdwTiST6qQUEdMcKew |
10.1038/s41587-019-0088-0 | Biology_easy_575 | **During apoptosis, biochemical regulatory pathways ensure the death of targeted cells. | With lower regularization parameters, the model fit is better but has worse predictive power as shown by leaveone-time-point-out cross-validation (Fig. | He sees pseudodynamics as "the first tool of basic research that will allow vital questions facing biology to be examined at the single-cell level." **During apoptosis, biochemical regulatory pathways ensure the death of targeted cells. This can be necessary in order to reduce the number of cells in a tissue or in order to remove damaged cells. | Pseudodynamics was able to fit the samples along this transcriptomic trajectory and allowed imputation of unobserved time points (Fig. With lower regularization parameters, the model fit is better but has worse predictive power as shown by leaveone-time-point-out cross-validation (Fig. Pseudodynamics extends previous models of T-cell maturation. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38911744429&p=1pl&v=1&x=H9RHEV0cIreI9VOqBCA4nQ |
10.1038/nature14099 | Biology_easy_576 | While previous research had identified the presence of feed forward loops in plant gene regulation, "this study increases the scale enormously," said Bartley. | 53. | The third is a study like this one to improve lignocellulosic materials so you can get as much fuel as possible," she said. While previous research had identified the presence of feed forward loops in plant gene regulation, "this study increases the scale enormously," said Bartley. That does not mean that scientists will necessarily be able to use this research to create plants with more easily digestible complex sugars in the very near future. | 7) . First, dividing firefly luciferase activity by Renilla luciferase activity normalized the transformation efficiency of each infiltrated leaf sample. 53. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-manipulate-plants-to-build-a-better-biofuel/ |
10.1126/sciadv.1600322 | Biology_easy_577 | That scattered light can be detected in the form of a Raman spectrum, which serves almost as a fingerprint for every Raman-active irradiated system. | Besides the changes in HOMO-LUMO gaps, transmission values show significant differences at the p-to-p * transition of graphene (13, 30) (ca. | This technique can detect trace amounts of molecules in a solution at very low concentrations, some 10,000 times more diluted than can be seen by the naked eye. That scattered light can be detected in the form of a Raman spectrum, which serves almost as a fingerprint for every Raman-active irradiated system. That color is associated with a discrete energy." | 6 , B and C). Besides the changes in HOMO-LUMO gaps, transmission values show significant differences at the p-to-p * transition of graphene (13, 30) (ca. For instance, the transmission at the p-to-p * transition of PG increases from 89 to 90% after interacting with RhB molecules. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/rV3AjT2fZfY/ |
10.1016/j.immuni.2010.06.001 | Biology_easy_578 | The search can't end there, however. | (Mazmanian et al., 2005 . | The general population in industrialized countries is reflected in the healthy group concentration. The search can't end there, however. Despite the team's findings, they can't assign a causal link between the bacterium and RA without directly administering P. copri into people's bodies. | The gut microbiomes of humans and mice are broadly similar . (Mazmanian et al., 2005 . In more specific terms, gut-resident bacteria-sometimes even a single species-can have a strong influence on the emergence and/or maintenance of particular CD4 + T cell subsets. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/gut-bacteria-may-be-possible-culprit-behind-rheumatoid-arthritis-262202 |
10.1126/science.1241680 | Biology_easy_579 | It may be that manipulating the germinal center will be necessary to produce effective vaccines." | S8B ; Movie S4). | "We are slowly deciphering the rules governing antibody evolution in the germinal center," he says. "This will help inform vaccine design, especially for rapidly mutating viruses like HIV. It may be that manipulating the germinal center will be necessary to produce effective vaccines." | Before the boost, small numbers of GFP-OT-II cells were found scattered throughout the T cell zone, occasionally entering existing GCs for brief periods (Fig. S8B ; Movie S4). One day after immunization, GFP + cells could be seen proliferating in foci of T and B cells at the follicle/T zone border (Fig. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130809083831.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
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