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# Balranald Football Club
The **Balranald Football Club** are an Australian football club competing in the Central Murray Football League. The club is based in the town of Balranald in the Riverina region of New South Wales. The club was founded in 1887 and their home ground is called Greenham Park.
An early report of a match between the Balranald Football Club and the Mechanics Institute occurred in 1887. The club, because of its isolation spend a lot of time playing scratch matches amongst themselves. As was the nature of the time the club secretary would write to other clubs in a bid to organise a game of football.
After reforming after the WW2, the club played invitational games against towns outside its district. This continued until 1948 when it entered the Northern Murray Valley Football League that included 3 clubs around Robinvale. Improvement of the road system allowed the club to travel further and safer to other towns.
In 1955 the club was admitted into the Mid Murray FL. In its second year it made the finals and two years later the club won its first final
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# Missa Brevis (Britten)
The ***Missa Brevis*** in D, Op. 63, is a setting of the Latin mass completed by Benjamin Britten on Trinity Sunday, 1959. Set for three-part treble choir and organ, it was first performed at London\'s Roman Catholic Westminster Cathedral on 22 July of the same year. Britten composed the mass for George Malcolm\'s retirement as organist and choirmaster at Westminster: the printed dedication reads \"For George Malcolm and the boys of Westminster Cathedral Choir\". It remained Britten\'s only liturgical setting of the mass. Malcolm\'s live recording, from a service at the cathedral, lasts ten minutes.
## Liturgy
Britten\'s *Missa Brevis* contains only four movements, omitting the Credo, hence the name *brevis*, short. The omission is notable because Mass at Westminster Cathedral would have included this movement. The piece rather seems predisposed towards the liturgy of the Church of England or the Protestant Episcopal Church of America, which often omit the sung Credo. In the Sanctus, Britten writes an optional transition between the first Hosanna and the Benedictus. This serves two functions: 1) it allows the sections to be elided seamlessly if the work is performed non-liturgically, and 2) it allows the section to be easily cut altogether for certain liturgical purposes, e.g. in the United States, the Benedictus was not officially approved by canon law and many Episcopal churches omitted it.
## Music
The Kyrie immediately presents the D major / F-sharp major relationship that is a unifying element of the work, occurring also in the Gloria and the Sanctus. F-sharp is the key center despite the key signature. The movement is in ternary form, with the central \"Christe\" inverting the melody of the Kyrie.
The Gloria is based on a 7/8 ostinato derived from the incipit Gloria XV that would be intoned by the celebrant in some liturgical settings. The additive time signature allows for various patterns of word stress. The central \"Qui Tollis\" juxtaposes F major against the prevailing D / F-sharp bitonality and contrasts short phrases for solo voice with those for tutti unison.
The Sanctus in 3/2 presents a twelve-tone melodic line dominated by the interval of a perfect fourth, and shared between the three enharmonically overlapping voices. D Lydian, F-sharp major, and F major are all suggested (the three prominent keys of the Gloria). The \"Pleni sunt caeli\" section features free imitative polyphony in the voices with the original twelve-tone melody transferred to the organ pedals. The Benedictus is a bitonal duet for two soloists, the first in G major, and the second in C major. This results in parallel fourths and false relations between F-sharp and F natural. Following is an exultant contraction of all of the material preceding the Benedictus into just five measures.
The Agnus Dei, marked \"Slow and Solemn\", is in D minor. In 5/4 time, an organ pedal ostinato of rising thirds outlines the interval of a minor ninth. The threefold repeat of the Agnus Dei text gains intensity with each repetition through rising dynamics and register. The closing Dona Nobis Pacem builds to fortissimo; it is set with hammered repeated notes and overlapping intervals of a second between the voices. The organ ostinato finally breaks its pattern for the last two bars and the chorus closes with a pianississimo D minor triad
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# Razzle Dazzle: A Journey into Dance
***Razzle Dazzle: A Journey into Dance*** is a 2007 Australian mockumentary comedy film directed by Darren Ashton about competitive dance, first screened on 15 March 2007.
## Synopsis
Mr Jonathan (Ben Miller) runs a dance class in which he attempts to comment on social issues. After his team is accepted into a national dance competition, he must come up with a winning and socially relevant routine to beat out an elite dance team.
## Cast
- Ben Miller as Mr Jonathan
- Kerry Armstrong as Justine Morgan
- Denise Roberts as Barbara
- Tara Morice as Marianne
- Jane Hall as Miss Elizabeth
- Nadine Garner as Sarah Gunner
- Toni Lamond as Sherri Leonard
- Noeline Brown as Leonara Biviano
- Barry Crocker as Donnie Dusty
- Damon Gameau as Neil
- Scott Irwin
- Steve Le Marquand as Bob
- Roy Billing aa Arthur Rudd
- Rachel Gordon as Vomit Child\'s Mother
- Scott Johnson aa Vomit Child\'s Father
- Belinda Stewart-Wilson
- Andrew McFarlane as Trevor Morgan
- Paul Mercurio as Self
- Nick Twiney
- Taylor Anthony
- Jazketteers
- Jamie McKenzie
- Lisa Hensley as Harridan woman (uncredited)
## Box office {#box_office}
*Razzle Dazzle: A Journey into Dance* grossed \$1,640,644 at the box office in Australia, trailing the comedy films *Wild Hogs* and *Hot Fuzz*
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# Roman Catholic Diocese of Thunder Bay
The **Roman Catholic Diocese of Thunder Bay** (*Dioecesis Sinus Tonitralis*) is a Latin suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Toronto, in Ontario, Canada.
Its cathedral episcopal see is St. Patrick\'s Cathedral, dedicated to St. Patrick, in Thunder Bay, Ontario.
## Statistics
As per 2014 it pastorally served 81,400 Catholics (31.0% of 262,600 total) on 220,000 km^2^ in 43 parishes with 46 priests (37 diocesan, 9 religious), 36 deacons and 16 lay religious (9 brothers, 7 sisters) .
## History
- It was erected 29 April 1952, as the **Diocese of Fort William**, on territories split off from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Saint-Boniface and the Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie.
- Renamed on 26 February 1970 as **Diocese of Thunder Bay**, after its see.
## Episcopal ordinaries {#episcopal_ordinaries}
(all Roman Rite)
*Suffragan Bishops of Fort William*
- Edward Quentin Jennings (born Canada) (1952.05.14 -- 1969.09.18), previously Titular Bishop of Sala (1941.03.22 -- 1946.02.22) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Vancouver (BC, Canada) (1941.03.22 -- 1946.02.22), Bishop of Kamloops (Canada) (1946.02.22 -- 1952.05.14); emeritate as Titular Bishop of Assidona (1969.09.18 -- resigned 1970.11.23), died 1980.
*Suffragan Bishops of Thunder Bay*
- Norman Joseph Gallagher (1970.04.16 -- death 1975.12.28); previously Titular Bishop of Adrasus (1963.06.25 -- 1970.04.16), first as Auxiliary Bishop of the Military Vicariate of Canada (Canada) (1963.06.25 -- 1966), then as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Montréal (Quebec, Canada) (1966 -- 1970.04.16)
- John Aloysius O′Mara (1976.05.24 -- 1994.02.02), next Bishop of Saint Catharines (Canada) (1994.02.02 -- retired 2001.11.09)
- Frederick Bernard Henry (1995.03.24 -- 1998.01.19); previously Titular Bishop of Carinola (1986.04.18 -- 1995.03.24) as Auxiliary Bishop of London (Ontario, Canada) (1986.04.18 -- 1995.03.24); later Bishop of Calgary (BC, Canada) (1998.01.19 -- retired 2017.01.04)
- Frederick Joseph Colli (2 February 1999 - 17 June 2024), previously Titular Bishop of Afufenia (1994.12.19 -- 1999.02.02) as Auxiliary Bishop of Ottawa (Ontario, Canada) (1994.12.19 -- 1999.02.02)
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# Glasgow Bridge (Missouri)
The **Glasgow Bridge** carries Missouri Route 240 over the Missouri River between Cambridge Township and Glasgow, Missouri.
## Original bridge {#original_bridge}
The original bridge was a five-span through truss bridge built in 1878--79 and rehabilitated in 1986. Its main span was 343.7 feet and its total length was 2,243.5 feet. It had a deck width of 20.3 feet and vertical clearance of 14.8 feet. It was narrowed to a single lane in its final few years (with stoplights on either side) before being closed and replaced in 2008--09.
## Current bridge {#current_bridge}
The new bridge opened in September 2009 and the project was completed in autumn of that year
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# 1654 in music
The year **1654 in music** involved some significant events.
## Events
- April 21 -- Francisco Lopez Capillas becomes chapelmaster of Mexico City Cathedral.
- Georg Caspar Wecker becomes organist of the Frauenkirche in Nuremberg.
- The newly formed Innsbruck opera company open\'s with Antonio Cesti\'s *Cleopatra*
- Violin maker Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Guarneri opens a workshop in Cremona.
## Publications
- Jacob van Eyck -- *Der Fluyten Lust-hof* (4th edition)
## Classical music {#classical_music}
- Louis Couperin -- *Fugue Grave sur Urbs Beata Jherusalem*
## Opera
- Antonio Maria Abbatini -- *Del male in bene*
- Francesco Cavalli
- *Ciro*
- *Xerse*, January 12 at the Teatro SS Giovanni e Paolo in Venice
- Antonio Cesti -- *Cleopatra*, with libretto by Dario Varotari the Younger, Innsbruck, *date unknown*.
- Francesco Provenzale -- *Teseo*
## Births
- February 3 -- Pietro Antonio Fiocco, composer (died 1714)
- July 25 -- Agostino Steffani, bishop, diplomat and composer (died 1728)
- September -- Vincent Lübeck, organist and composer (died 1740)
- October 23 -- Johann Bernhard Staudt, composer (died 1712)
- *date unknown*
- Étienne Loulié, French musician, teacher and music theorist (died 1702)
- Count Ludovico Roncalli, composer for guitar (died 1713)
- *probable* -- Servaes de Koninck, composer (died c.1701)
## Deaths
- February 19 -- Edmund Chilmead, writer, translator and musician (born 1610)
- March 24 -- Samuel Scheidt, organist and composer (born 1587)
- *date unknown* -- Francisco Correa de Arauxo, organist and composer (born 1584)
- *probable* -- Julius Ernst Rautenstein, composer (born c
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# Lakshminath Bezbarua
**Lakshminath Bezbarua** (`{{IPA|as|lɔkʰminatʰ bɛzbɔɹuwa]|lang}}`{=mediawiki}; 14 October 1864 - March 26,1938) was an Indian poet, novelist and playwright of modern Assamese literature. Commonly known as the father of the Assamese short story. He was one of the literary stalwarts of the Jonaki Era, the age of romanticism in Assamese literature; with his essays, plays, fiction, poetry and satires, he gave a new impetus to the then stagnating Assamese literary caravan.
He responded to the prevailing social environment through his satirical works to bring and sustain positive changes to the former. His literature reflected the deeper urges of the people of Assam.
## Confusion regarding date of birth {#confusion_regarding_date_of_birth}
There is confusion regarding the date of birth of Bezbaroa and also a story behind it as told by Bezbaroa himself. In the first line of the first paragraph of the first chapter of his auto-biography *Mor Jiban Xuworon*, Bezbaroa confirms outright his inability to remember his exact date of birth that his parents used to tell him. But later when he grew young and required to put his date of birth for essential records, he invented a date for the purpose viz.\"1868 AD, November\", but was born in 1864. He writes that he would like to offer this piece of information to anyone interested in knowing about his date of birth, although he is unsure whether that information would in any way affect the balance-sheet of anyone\'s life. In the next line he explicitly writes that approximately translates into
> \"I am not convinced that on hearing, knowing or composing the news of my incarnation to destroy the \"Annasur\" (Food Devil) in that given year, perhaps two or four years earlier or later for that matter, the mankind shall be at any loss or profit or concede any damage.\"
In the very next paragraph, he went on describing in detail how and why the *Bundle of Birth-Charts*, kept religiously and secretly away from the kids by his parents, which contained his one he knew for certain during his childhood, was lost.
Bezbaroa has however confirmed in his auto-biography that he was born in the autumn on a full-moon night, on which \"*Lakhmi Puja*\" ( A Hindu festival of worship of Goddess Lakhmi) is celebrated in India, and to mark the coincidence, he was named by his parents as \"*Lakshminath*\" ( A name for Vishnu, the Hindu God and husband of Goddess Lakhmi). This autumn-festival celebrated in the full-moon of Ashvin usually falls in the month of October in any year. As per a NASA website data, there was only one full-moon day in the month of November 1868 and that was on 30th but that was not the day of celebration of *Lakshmi puja* in that year. Presently, the Assam Sahitya Sabha has settled on a date -- 14 October 1864, that was a full-moon night of Lakshmi Puja in India, for his date of birth.
## Education
Bezbaroa received his early education at Sibsagar Govt. High School at Sibsagar. Thereafter he studied for his F.A. from the City College and subsequently graduated with a B.A. from the General Assembly\'s Institution in Calcutta. Then he took his admission in M.A. and B.L. degrees from the University of Calcutta, but he couldn\'t complete either.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Bezbaroa married Pragyasundari Devi, a niece of the poet Rabindranath Tagore. He presided over the All-Assam students\' conference at Guwahati in 1921.
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# Lakshminath Bezbarua
## Honours
Bezbaroa was honoured by a unique title on 29 December 1931 as *Roxoraj* by Asam Sahitya Sabha at its Sibsagar session. In the felicitation letter by Asam Sahitya Sabha, the word *Sahityarathi* was used for the first time for Bezbaroa. *Roxoraj* meaning \'The King of Humour\' in Assamese literature for his ever-popular satirical writings under the pen-name \"Kripaabor Borbaruah\", a pseudo-personality that he created and portrayed as the lead character in such works. He is also known in Assamese literary society as the **Sahityarathi** which means \"Charioteer of Literature\" for his expertise in all branches of literature.
He was the founding president of the *Asom Chattra Sanmilan* (All-Assam Students\' Conference) at Latasil, Guwahati in 1916.
He presided over the 7th annual session of Asam Sahitya Sabha held at Guwahati in 1924.
He died in Dibrugarh on 26 March at the age of seventy-four only a few months after he went back to live in Assam permanently. The Asam Sahitya Sabha annually observes this day as **Sahitya Divas**.
Pragya Sundari Devi was the second daughter of Maharshi Debendranath Tagore\'s third son Hemendranath Tagore (1845--1885). Pragya Sundari was the first to write a cookbook in Bangla named \'Aamish O Niramish Aahar\' in three volumes which became immensely popular. She also used to edit a magazine named \'Punya\'. Pragya Sundari and Laxminath\'s granddaughter, Rita Devi, was a famous Odissi dancer.
## Literary career {#literary_career}
Bezbaroa started his literary career with a farce, \"Litikai\" serialised from the first issue of Jonaki magazine. He wrote 8 plays, 4 farces, 3 historical works, 1 act drama, 3 biographies and 2 autobiographies. He also wrote for the children. He collected and compiled folk tales of Assam (*Xadhukotha*) and added on his own to the basket, quite a few new tales to the benefit of nurturing parents and babysitters. Bezbaroa was the pioneer short story writer in Assam. His short stories covered the different features from the Assamese society but with humorous sentiment. Rasaraj Bezbaroa was earmarked as a patriotic playwright while he composed three historical plays, namely- Chakradhaj Singha, Joymoti Konwori and Belimaar.
*O Mur Apunar Dekh*, a patriotic song composed by him, is the state anthem of Assam.
## Literary works {#literary_works}
Poetry Collection:
- *Kodom Koli* (কদম কলি) (1913)
- *Podum Koli* (পদুম কলি) (1968)
Novel:
- *Podum Kunwori* (পদুম কুৱঁৰী)
Short Story Collection:
- *Surobhi* (সুৰভি)(Short Stories, 1909)
- *Xadhukothaar Kuki* (সাধুকথাৰ কুঁকি)(Short Stories, 1912)
- *Junbiri* (জোনবিৰি)(Short Stories, 1913)
- *Kehukoli* (কেহোঁকলি)
Children\'s literature:
- *Junuka* (জুনুকা) (Folk tales, 1910)
- *Burhi aair xadhu* (বুঢ়ী আইৰ সাধু)(Folk tales, 1911)
- *Kokadeuta aaru nati lora* (\"Grandfather and Grandsons\") (ককাদেউতা আৰু নাতি-ল\'ৰা)(Folk tales, 1912)
- *Baakhor* (বাখৰ)
Collection of satire essays:
- *Kripabor Barbaruar Kaakotor Tupula* (কৃপাবৰ বৰবৰুৱাৰ কাকতৰ টোপোলা) (1904)
- *Kripabor Barbaruar Ubhutoni* (কৃপাবৰ বৰবৰুৱাৰ ওভোতনি)(1909)
- *Barbaruar Bhabor Burburoni* (বৰবৰুৱাৰ ভাবৰ বুৰবুৰণি)
- *Barbaruar Buloni* (বৰবৰুৱাৰ বুলনি)
Comic Plays:
- *Litikai* (লিটিকাই)
- *Nomal* (নোমল)
- *Paachani* (পাচনি)
- *Chikarpati Nikarpati* (চিকৰপতি নিকৰপতি)
Plays:
- *Joymoti Kunwari* (জয়মতী কুঁৱৰী)(1915)
- *Chakradhwaj Singha* (চক্ৰধ্বজ সিংহ)(1915)
- *Belimaar* (বেলিমাৰ)(1915)
- *Litikai* (লিটিকাই) (1890)
- *Chikarpati-Nikarpati* (চিকৰপতি-নিকৰপতি) (1913)
- *Nomal* (নোমল) (1913)
- *Pachoni* (পাচনি) (1913)
Biographies:
- *Dinanath Bejbaruar Xankhipto Jibon Charit* (দীননাথ বেজবৰুৱাৰ সংক্ষিপ্ত জীৱন চৰিত)
- *Sri Sri Shankardev* (শ্ৰীশ্ৰী শংকৰদেৱ)
- *Mahapurush Sri Sankardev Aru Sri Madhabdev* (মহাপুৰুষ শ্রীশংকৰদেৱ আৰু শ্রীমাধৱদেৱ)
Autobiographical:
- *Mor Jiban Sowaran* (মোৰ জীৱন সোঁৱৰণ)
- *Patralekha, Dinalekha* (পত্ৰলেখা, দিনলেখা)
English Books:
- *History of Vaishnavism in India*
- *Rasalila of Sri Krishna* (The Baroda Lectures, 1934)
- *The Religion of Love and Devotion* (1968), including the Boroda lectures and two other essays
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# Prospect Hill Cemetery (North Omaha, Nebraska)
The **Prospect Hill Cemetery**, located at 3202 Parker Street in the Prospect Hill neighborhood of North Omaha, Nebraska, United States, is believed to be the oldest pioneer cemetery in Omaha. It is between 31st and 33rd Streets and Parker and Grant Streets.
## History
While laying out \"Shinn\'s Addition\" northwest of Omaha in 1856, Moses F. Shinn set aside 10 acre for a cemetery on land where Native Americans and Mormons had reportedly been buried earlier. The location was reportedly one mile from the Mormon Trail. That year he sold the land to Byron Reed, an early Omaha real estate broker. Jesse Lowe, the first mayor of Omaha, set aside those 10 acre of land for burial purposes in 1858. The new cemetery included a variety of lands, including the city original cemeteries called Cedar Hills and Omaha City Cemeteries. Parts of those cemeteries are still in Prospect Hill boundaries.
The cemetery\'s first official burial was in June 1858. Alonzo F. Salisbury, Omaha pioneer and member of the Nebraska Territorial Legislature, was the first person buried there. Early Omaha real estate agent Byron Reed ran the cemetery early, and sold it with the establishment of the Prospect Hill Cemetery Association in 1858. The next year, 1859, the cemetery grew to 20 acre. The site of the Cemetery was further made available after the 1870 trial of *Baker v. Morton*, in which courts ruled against Omaha\'s land barons and the city\'s claim club. The land was enlarged again in 1890, when the Prospect Hill Cemetery Association was founded. Soon Prospect Hill was 35 acre.
Many of Omaha\'s early business leaders and politicians are buried in the cemetery. There were approximately 15,000 burials recorded at Prospect Hill, including those of many Omaha pioneers, including influential developers, religious leaders, mayors, judges, and benefactors, for whom Omaha streets, parks and schools were named. The cemetery has many interesting monuments and a special section for soldiers from Fort Omaha, and it also has graves for at least 360 early African American Omahans.
In the 1880s the Forest Lawn Cemetery opened 7 mi from Prospect Hill, and eventually Reed sold Prospect Hill to the Forest Lawn Cemetery Association.
Prospect Hill was designated a landmark by the City of Omaha in 1979. There is a chapel constructed of rough brick and accented in stone, and a Tudor-Revival gatehouse located on Parker Street. The cemetery was designated as a local landmark in 1979.
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# Prospect Hill Cemetery (North Omaha, Nebraska)
## Notable interments {#notable_interments}
Many of Omaha\'s pioneer families are buried at Prospect Hill. Some of the family names include Deuel, Gaylord, Hall, Hanscom, Kennard, Krug, Lake, Lowe, McCague, Metz, Redick, and Reed. There are also many other notable people interred at Prospect Hill. There are also monuments to Spanish--American War veterans and the gravesite of at least one Buffalo Soldier, Sergeant Allen McClare.
Name Place of birth Date of birth Occupation Place of death Date of death Notes and References
-------------------------- -------------------------- ------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dan Allen New York 1832 Gambler, businessman Omaha April 1884
George P. Anthes Frankfurt, Germany October 30, 1856 Candidate in primary for Nebraska state auditor, 1908 Omaha June 15, 1936
George Robert Armstrong August 1, 1819 Mayor of Omaha, 1858--59, 1861--62 Omaha April 20, 1896
William M. Brewer Mayor of Omaha, 1873--74 Omaha September 12, 1921
Clinton Briggs October 17, 1828 Member of Nebraska territorial House of Representatives, 1858; mayor of Omaha, 1860--61; delegate to Nebraska state constitutional convention, 1875. Iowa December 19, 1882 Hit by a train and died.
Smith Samuel Caldwell September 4, 1834 Mayor of Omaha, 1871--72 Omaha June 26, 1884
Champion S. Chase Cornish, New Hampshire March 20, 1820 Lawyer; Member of the Wisconsin State Senate, 1857--58; Mayor of Omaha, Nebraska, 1874--77, 1878--81, 1883--84; 1st Attorney General of Nebraska, 1867--68 Omaha, Nebraska November 3, 1898 Chase County, Nebraska, and the unincorporated community of Champion in Chase County, are named after him
William James Connell Cowansville, Quebec July 6, 1846 U.S. Representative from Nebraska\'s 1st congressional district, 1889--91 Atlantic City, New Jersey August 16, 1924
Thomas B. Cuming Secretary of Nebraska Territory, 1854--58; Governor of Nebraska Territory, 1854--55, 1857--58. Omaha March 23, 1858 Original interment at a private or family graveyard, Douglas County, Neb.; subsequent interment at Prospect Hill Cemetery; re-interment at Holy Sepulchre Cemetery. Cuming County, Nebraska is named for him.
Augustus Hall Batavia, New York April 29, 1814 Lawyer; U.S. Representative from Iowa 1st District, 1855--57; justice of Nebraska territorial supreme court, 1858--61; chief justice of Nebraska territorial supreme court, 1858--61 Bellevue, Nebraska February 1, 1861 Died in office; Hall County, Nebraska is named for him.
John B. Hawley Hawleyville, Connecticut February 9, 1831 U.S. Representative from Illinois, 1869--75 (4th District 1869--73, 6th District 1873--75) Died May 24, 1895. Omaha
Phineas Hitchcock New Lebanon, New York November 30, 1831 Delegate to Republican National Convention from Nebraska, 1860; Delegate to U.S. Congress from Nebraska Territory, 1865--67; U.S. Senator from Nebraska, 1871--77 Omaha July 10, 1881 Hitchcock County, Nebraska is named for him.
Frederick Krug Germany 1855 Founder, Krug Brewery Omaha November 18, 1930
Charles O. Lobeck Andover, Illinois April 6, 1852 Member of Nebraska state senate, 1893; Presidential Elector for Nebraska, 1900; U.S. Representative from Nebraska 2nd District, 1911--19. Omaha January 30, 1920
Jesse Lowe March 11, 1814 Mayor of Omaha, 1857--58. Omaha April 3, 1868 Original interment at Cedar Hill Cemetery (which no longer exists); re-interment in 1891 at Forest Lawn Cemetery; cenotaph at Prospect Hill Cemetery.
Frederick Metz Germany Founder, Metz Brewery; member of Nebraska state senate, 1871--72, 1885--86 Omaha 1901
Ezra Millard February 2, 1833 Mayor of Omaha, 1869--71 Omaha August 20, 1886
Joseph Millard Hamilton, Ontario April 20, 1836 Mayor of Omaha, 1872--73; U.S. Senator from Nebraska, 1901--07 Omaha January 13, 1922
Algernon Paddock Glens Falls, New York November 9, 1830 Delegate to Republican National Convention from Nebraska, 1860; secretary of Nebraska Territory, 1861--67; acting Governor of Nebraska Territory, 1861; U.S. Senator from Nebraska, 1875--81, 1887--93. Beatrice, Nebraska October 17, 1897
John T. Paulsen Ockholm, Germany April 25, 1837 Member of Nebraska state senate, 1889 Omaha September 3, 1889
Andrew Jackson Poppleton July 24, 1830 Mayor of Omaha, 1858 Omaha September 24, 1896
Byron Reed Darien, New York March 12, 1829 Real estate businessman Omaha June 6, 1891
Origen D. Richardson Vermont July 20, 1795 Fourth Lieutenant Governor of Michigan Omaha November 29, 1876
Alonzo F. Salisbury Vermont Stagecoach driver; miller; member of Nebraska territorial House of Representatives, 1856. Omaha October 4, 1858 First burial in Prospect Hill Cemetery
John Taffe Indianapolis, Indiana January 30, 1827 Newspaper editor; member of Nebraska territorial House of Representatives, 1858--59; member Nebraska territorial council, 1860--61; major in the Union Army during the Civil War; U.S. Representative from Nebraska at-large, 1867--73 North Platte, Nebraska March 14, 1884 Founder, Omaha Public Library
Eleazer Wakeley Homer, New York June 15, 1822 Lawyer; member of Wisconsin territorial House of Representatives, 1847--48; member of Wisconsin Senate, 1851--55; justice of Nebraska territorial supreme court, 1857--61; delegate to Nebraska state constitutional convention, 1871; district judge in Nebraska 3rd District, 1883--92; appointed 1883 Omaha November 21, 1912
Reuben H. Wilbur April 26, 1825 Mayor of Omaha, 1877--79 Omaha April 4, 1896
Anna Wilson May 27, 1835 Brothel owner Omaha October 27, 1911 A polished stone in the dimensions of a king-size bed with four posts rests over the double graves of Wilson and Dan Allen
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# ICGA Journal
The ***ICGA Journal**\'\' is a quarterly academic journal published by the International Computer Games Association. It was renamed in 2000. Its previous name was the***ICCA Journal**\'\' of the International Computer Chess Association, which was founded in 1977.
The journal covers computer analysis on two-player games, especially games with perfect information such as chess, checkers, and Go. It has been the primary outlet for publication of articles on solved games, including the development of endgame tablebases in chess and other games. For example, John W. Romein and Henri E. Bal reported in the journal in 2002 that they had solved Awari and, in 2015, David J. Wu reported his solution for the Arimaa Challenge.
From 1983 till 2015 *ICGA Journal* was edited by Jaap van den Herik
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# Pakubuwono II
**Pakubuwono II** (also transliterated **Pakubuwana II**) (1711--1749) was the ruler of Mataram. `{{infobox royalty
|image = Pakubuwana II.png
|father = [[Amangkurat IV]]
|mother = Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kencana
|royal house = [[House of Mataram|Mataram]]
|succession= Susuhunan of Mataram
|reign1 = 1726–1742
|coronation1 = 2 June 1726
|predecessor1 = [[Amangkurat IV]]
|successor1 = [[Amangkurat V]]
|reign2 = 1743–1749
|predecessor2 = [[Amangkurat V]]
|successor2 = [[Pakubuwono III]]
|regnal name = Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuhun Kanjeng Susuhunan Pakubuwana Senapati ing Ngalaga Abdurrahman Sayyidin Panatagama Ingkang Jumeneng Kaping II
|birth_date = {{birth date|1711|12|8|df=y}}
|birth_place = Kartasura Palace, [[Kartasura]], [[Mataram Sultanate]]
|birth_name = Gusti Raden Mas Prabasuyasa
|death_date = {{death date and age|1749|12|20|1711|12|8|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Surakarta]], [[Mataram Sultanate]]
|issue = [[Pakubuwono III|Pakubuwana III]]
|spouse= Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Hemas<br>(m. 1726 d. 1738)
}}`{=mediawiki}
His correct title in Javanese etiquette standards contains honorific appellations, some of which each successive ruler inherits. The move of his court from Kartasura to Surakarta was to avert the calamities that occurred at the former palace
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# Sublime (2007 film)
***Sublime*** is a 2007 psychological horror film directed by Tony Krantz and written by Erik Jendresen. It is the second straight-to-DVD \"Raw Feed\" horror film from Warner Home Video, released on March 13, 2007. The film stars Tom Cavanagh, Kathleen York, Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs and Katherine Cunningham-Eves.
## Plot
George Grieves checks into the Mt. Abaddon Hospital for a routine procedure only to find horrors await him. Awakening from what was supposedly a colonoscopy, Grieves is told by hospital staff that due to confusion arising from similar patient names he was mistakenly given a sympathectomy to cure sweaty palms.
As the days tick by Mr. Grieves\' post-operative experiences grow ever more bizarre until he finally realizes that he is caught inside a nightmare of his own creation and seems unable to escape or awaken back in the real world. He understands that something has gone wrong in his post-operative recovery which is keeping him trapped in this netherworld of manifestations of worst fears, but he understands neither what the problem is nor what he can do to awaken from it.
Eventually his condition is shown from his family\'s perspective, and it appears hopeless. The doctors explain that there was a complication during the colonoscopy, which created an air bubble in his bloodstream. The bubble eventually reached his brain and caused so much damage that he ended up in an apparently permanent vegetative state. He has been dead to the outside world for 10 months, and his family is being pressured to end all artificial means of life support.
Meanwhile, back inside his own mind, Grieves is in a desperate losing battle with his own manifested fears and decides that the only way out is to commit suicide in this dream-like state, hoping that it will cause his real body to expire and free him from the interminable torment he has had to endure. He manages to leap from a 7th-floor window onto the concrete below, and the final shot is of his real-world body lying in an empty hospital room where it flatlines, closing its eyelids in physical death.
## Cast
- Tom Cavanagh as George Grieves
- Kathleen York as Jenny
- Katherine Cunningham-Eves as Zoe
- Jeffrey Anderson-Gunter as P.J.
- Cas Anvar as Dr. Sharazi
- Paget Brewster as Andrea
- David Clayton Rogers as Billy
- Jordi Caballero as Friar Lazaro Mate
- Sujata Day as Young Quechua Girl
- Lilyan Chauvin as European Nurse
- Shanna Collins as Chloe
- Kyle Gallner as Ned
- Dan Gerrity as The Bald Man
- Michael Gregory as The Face
- Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs as Mandingo
- George Newbern as Frank / PVS Host
- Bruce Nozick as Ira
- Michelle Page as Rayven
## Production
In June 2006, it was announced Tony Krantz, of the TV series *24* would make his directorial debut on *Sublime* the second film to be produced under Warner Bros. Home Entertainment label Raw Feed that Krantz had created with Daniel Myrick and John Shiban. The film\'s budget was estimated at around \$5 million.
## Reception
The film garnered a 33% approval rating from 6 critics -- a mixed to negative rating of 4.1 out of 10 -- on the review-aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes
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# 1585 in music
## Events
## Publications
- Felice Anerio
- First book of *madrigali spirituali* for five voices (Rome: Alessandro Gardano)
- Second book of *madrigali spirituali* for five voices (Rome: Alessandro Gardano)
- Giammateo Asola
- (Venice: heirs of Girolamo Scotto), also includes four other motets
- \... (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino), in two parts
- Ippolito Baccusi -- Second book of masses, for five, six, and eight voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- Giovanni Bassano
- Fantasies for three voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino), a collection of examples of instrumental ornamentation.
- Girolamo Belli
- for four voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino), a collection of music for Vespers, including psalms, hymns, and a Magnificat
- First book of *Sacrae cantiones* for six voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- Second book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- Joan Brudieu -- Madrigals for four voices (Barcelona: Hubert Gotard)
- Joachim a Burck -- *Dreissig geistliche Lieder auff die Fest durchs Jahr* for four voices (Mühlhausen: Georg Hantzsch), settings of hymn texts by Ludwig Helmbold
- Gioseppe Caimo -- Fourth book of madrigals for five voices (Milan: Pietro Tini)
- Giovanni Croce -- First book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: Angelo Gardano)
- Johannes Eccard -- *Epithalamion* *in honorem nuptiarum D. Simonis Levskeri et Catharinae Joannis Pasauri filiae* for six voicer (Königsberg: Georg Osterberger), a wedding song
- Stefano Felis
- Second book of motets for five, six, and eight voices (Venice: Angelo Gardano)
- Fourth book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- Giovanni Ferretti -- Fifth book of *canzoni alla napolitana* for five voices (Venice: heirs of Girolamo Scotto)
- Ruggiero Giovannelli -- *Gli sdruccioli*, his first book of madrigals for four voices (Rome: Alessandro Grandi)
- Gioseffo Guami -- First book of motets for five, six, seven, eight, and ten voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- Francisco Guerrero -- *Passio secundum Matthaeum et Joannem* (Rome: Alessandro Gardano)
- Paolo Isnardi -- *Omnes ad vesperas psalmi* for four voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- Jacobus de Kerle -- *Selectiorum aliquot modulorum* for four, five, and eight voices (Prague: Georg Nigrinus)
- Orlande de Lassus
- for four voices (Munich: Adam Berg)
- for six and eight voices (Munich: Adam Berg)
- Lamentations for five voices (Munich: Adam Berg)
- Madrigals for five voices (Nuremberg: Catharina Gerlach)
- Claude Le Jeune -- *Livre de mélanges* (Antwerp: Christophe Plantin), a collection of chansons
- Luca Marenzio
- Third book of madrigals for six voices (Venice: heirs of Girolamo Scotto)
- Fifth book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: heirs of Girolamo Scotto)
- First book of madrigals for four voices (Rome: Alessandro Gardano)
- Second book of *canzonette alla napolitana* for three voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino), his second collection of *villanelle*
- Third book of *villanelle* for three voices (Rome: Alessandro Gardano)
- Rinaldo del Mel
- Third book of motets for five and six voices (Venice: Angelo Gardano)
- First book of madrigals for five and six voices (Venice: heirs of Girolamo Scotto)
- Philippe de Monte -- First book of motets for six and twelve voices (Venice: Angelo Gardano)
- Benedetto Pallavicino -- Third book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: Giacomo Vincenti & Ricciardo Amadino)
- Costanzo Porta -- Third book of motets for six voices (Venice: Angelo Gardano)
## Classical music {#classical_music}
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina -- *Missa tu es pastor ovium*
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# 1585 in music
## Musical theatre {#musical_theatre}
- Andrea Gabrielli -- Choruses for the play *Edippo Tiranno*, performed in Vicenza
## Births
- October 8 (JC) -- Heinrich Schütz, German composer (died 1672)
- *date unknown*
- Johann Grabbe, composer (died 1655)
- Wojciech Dębołęcki, Franciscan friar, writer and composer (died 1646)
- *probable* -- Domenico Allegri, singer and composer (died 1629)
- Andrea Falconieri, composer (died 1653)
## Deaths
- August 30 -- Andrea Gabrieli, organist and composer (born c
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# Roman Catholic Diocese of Timmins
The Roman Catholic **Diocese of Timmins** (*Dioecesis Timminsensis*) (erected 21 September 1908, as the Vicariate Apostolic of Temiskaming) is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Ottawa. It was elevated as the Diocese of Haileybury on 31 December 1915 and renamed as the Diocese of Timmins on 10 December 1938.
## History
The Vicariate Apostolic of Temiskaming was set up bounded on the north by Hudson Bay and the Great Whale River; on the south by the height of land, or watershed, except in the Temiskaming district, where the southern boundary is 47° N. lat.; on the east by 72° W. long and on the west by 91° W long. It was erected on 22 Sept., 1908, by dividing the Diocese of Pembroke.
Father de Bellefeuille, S.S., and Father Dupuy of Montreal, first preached the Gospel here in 1836. Annual visits were made, missions being held at the Hudson\'s Bay Company\'s trading posts. The Oblates of Mary Immaculate were given charge in 1843. Father Laverlochere was the first of these missionaries. They established a residence at Fort Temiskaming in 1863, but removed to Ville Marie in 1886.
Haileybury, Ontario was the residence of the first vicar Apostolic, Elie-Anicet Latulipe. He was born at St. Anicet, Province of Quebec, 3 August 1859. Ordained on 30 May 1885, he was successively curate at St. Henri, Montreal, chaplain at the convents of the Good Shepherd, Montreal, and St. Anne\'s, Lachine, rector of Pembroke Cathedral, and pastor of Haileybury. He was named Titular Bishop of Catenna and first Vicar-Apostolic of Temiskaming on 1 October 1908, and consecrated on 30 November 1908.
## Bishops
### Ordinaries
- Élie Anicet Latulipe (1908--1922)
- Louis Rhéaume, O.M.I. (1923--1955)
- Maxime Tessier (1955--1971)
- Jacques Landriault (1971--1990)
- Gilles Cazabon, O.M.I. (1992--1997), appointed Bishop of Saint-Jérôme, Québec
- Paul Marchand, S.M.M. (1999 - 2011)
- Serge Poitras-Patrick (2012.11.10 -- \...) (°1949.05
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# Sami Lopakka
**Sami Lopakka** (born 17 January 1975) is a Finnish guitarist and author. He was one of two guitarists for the metal band Sentenced until it disbanded (1989--2005). He was the band\'s main lyricist and was also considered to be the spokesman for the band.
From 2007 to 2024, Lopakka has been the guitarist and main songwriter for the Russian-singing Finnish metal band KYPCK, with whom he plays a custom baritone guitar built around a Kalashnikov AK-47 assault rifle by Amfisound Guitars.
As an author, Lopakka\'s debut novel *Marras* was published in January 2014 by Like Kustannus Oy in Finland. His short story *Uudet lasit* was published in the Finnish edition of Granta literary magazine in the same year
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# Magnetic mirror point
In astrophysics, a **magnetic mirror point** is a point where the motion of a charged particle trapped in a magnetic field (such as the (approximately) dipole field of the Earth) reverses its direction. More precisely, it is the point where the projection of the particle\'s velocity vector in the direction of the field vector is equal to zero.
Whenever charged particles from the sun hit Earth\'s magnetosphere, it is observed that the magnetic field of Earth reverses direction.
Since the forces that generate our magnetic field are constantly changing, the field itself is also in continual flux, its strength waxing and waning over time. This causes the location of Earth\'s magnetic north and south poles to gradually shift, and to even completely flip locations every 300,000 years or so
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# James Oatley
**James Oatley Snr** (c. 1769--1839) was a British-born colonial Australian watch and clock maker and one-time convict. Oatley, allegedly from Stafford and aged 44, was sentenced to penal transportation for life at Hampshire Assizes on 7 March 1814. Oatley had a number of convictions, dating back to 1806, when he had stolen one ton of cheese. He was sent to Australia for stealing shirts and bedding.
## Life in colonial Sydney {#life_in_colonial_sydney}
Oatley arrived in Sydney on 27 January 1815 on board the *Marquis of Wellington*. On 25 October 1821, he was given a conditional pardon. In this record, Oatley is mentioned as a \"native of Warwickshire\", and a physical description is also provided; he is described as being pale, with dark brown hair, grey eyes, 5\'5\", and \"stout\" (with the remainder of the instrument of pardon being difficult to read).
Oatley was awarded several land grants; in 1831 and on 30 October 1832, 24 December 1833, 23 January 1834, and 27 July 1835. Areas covered by these land grants include Snugborough (in the vicinity of the modern Moorefields Road, Kingsgrove), which he farmed, and Needwood Forest (now Hurstville Grove). In total, the land approximately covered is similar to that now bounded by Canterbury Road, Belmore, to the north, King George Road to the west, Kingsgrove Road to the east, and the Georges River to the south.
## Death
James Oatley died on 9 October 1839. His death notice in the *Sydney Monitor* gives his age as 72 years; the Parish record of his burial gives James\' age as 70 years. Oatley was buried on his property, *Snugborough*.
## Legacy
Oatley and his family\'s and his son salah legacy has been reflected via geography. In 1903, the southern Sydney suburb of Oatley was named after the family. Prior to that, the area west of the railway line was known as New Oatley\'s, which was a sub-district of Hurstville, and Oatley Platform; east of the railway line was known as Oatley\'s, which was a sub-district of Kogarah. In 1905, Frederick Street, Oatley, named after Frederick Stokes Oatley, was constructed as the main street of the new suburb.
Oatley Street, Woollahra, lying between Ocean Street and Edgecliffe Street, existed in the 1850s and early 1860s. Frederick Stokes Oatley resided between Ocean Street and Oatley Street, Woollahra.
Oatley Lane, Oatley Street, and Oatley Road, all of which were named after James Oatley Jnr, existed in East Sydney. Oatley Road extended into Paddington. A remnant of Oatley Road still exists in Paddington, running beside the Victoria Barracks.
The original Oatley land between Moorefields Road and the railway line through Kingsgrove Station remained largely as open paddocks until it was subdivided for housing and industry in the early 1970s. A street off Kingsgrove Road was named after James Oatley. Just north of Moorefields Road are Robert Street and Eleanor Avenue.
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# James Oatley
## Personal life {#personal_life}
The personal life of James Oatley was well documented in the 1825 Muster of New South Wales, and in his will. Oatley married twice. In England, he married Sarah Bennett. Little is known about this marriage. James than had a de facto relationship with Mary Stokes, his housekeeper. Mary was the mother of his three sons, James Stokes Jnr, Frederick Stokes, and George (1820--1821) shown as James\' children in the 1825 Muster, and each described in James\' will as \"my adopted son\". Mary arrived in Sydney on 8 June 1815 on board the *Northampton*, with her son, then called James \[but later renamed Robert\], born during the voyage. The 1825 muster clearly indicates that Robert was Mary\'s child, but not James\' child. Robert was described as \"an adopted child\" in James\' will. After Mary\'s death, Oatley married Mary Ann Bogg in 1833.
### Children
- **Marianne/Marion Oatley** (c1808-22 March 1866): died as Mrs Borrett.
- **James Oatley** (1817--1878) was a coach builder and engineer by trade. James Stokes Oatley Jnr assumed responsibility for running the family farm after Oatley Snr\'s death. The farm was later sold and James became an innkeeper (also described as licensee and victualler) until he entered the NSW Parliament as a Member of the Legislative Assembly in 1868. James married Eleanor Johnson (also known as Ellen, Helena, and Emily), with whom he had eight children. After Eleanor\'s death, James married Margaret Curtis, with whom he had one daughter
- **Frederick Stokes Oatley** (1819--1890) was a watchmaker and Inspector of Abattoirs. Frederick married Jane Weedon, with whom he had twelve children. James Snr gave to Frederick his watchmaking business in George Street, Sydney, and Needwood Forest. By the 1860s, Frederick had given up the watchmaking business; and, in 1881, he sold 300 acre of Needwood Forest.
- **Robert Oatley** (1815--1876) was adopted by James Oatley, but not his biological child. Robert, a cooper by trade, was born at sea *en route* to Sydney and was initially named James. After his name change and legal adoption by James Oatley, Robert was baptized about a year after his arrival in Sydney. Robert did not marry.
### Other descendants of Oatley Snr {#other_descendants_of_oatley_snr}
- **Gwen Ruth Oatley** (1918--24 December 2000) was the granddaughter of James Oatley Jnr\'s second son, Frederick. Gwen was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia in 1978 for services to the Australian film industry.
- **Frederick \"Dudley\" Weedon Oatley** (1884--28 March 1919) was the grandson of Frederick Stokes Oatley. Frederick was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Australian Imperial Force and served in World War One. When he died, Frederick was given a funeral on 30 March 1919 with full military honours. Frederick actually died from a massive hydatid cyst in his thoracic cavity, compressing his heart and lungs and resulting in widespread gangrene (Death Certificate)
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# Redcliffe Airport (Vanuatu)
**Redcliffe Airport** is one of three local airports on the island of Ambae, part of Vanuatu. `{{Airport codes|RCL|NVSR}}`{=mediawiki}
Redcliffe is secondary to Vanuatu\'s international airport, Bauerfield.
Its runway length is 2,230 ft. and its runway elevation is 36 ft
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# Elmwood, Providence, Rhode Island
**Elmwood** is a neighborhood in the South Side of Providence, Rhode Island. The triangular region is demarcated by Broad Street, Elmwood Avenue, and Interstate 95.
## History
Prior to the 1850s, the region had been used primarily as farm land. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, as the city began to expand south and west with the development of manufacturing and shipping interests, the area began to develop. In the 1840s through 1860s, as the city of Providence expanded from a population of 23,000 to past 50,000, development crept southwestward along Broad Street. As areas began to be densely populated, the remaining farms were subdivided.
The neighborhood takes its name from one of its principal developers, Joseph J. Cooke, who in 1843 purchased a large tract of farm land and named the estate \"Elmwood\". He and other developers sought to build a model suburban community with wide streets and shade-giving elm trees.
As public transportation improved from omnibuses (horse-drawn carriages) to horse-drawn tracked cars, and finally to electrified streetcars, development began to quicken pace. A number of manufacturers moved to Elmwood, while the area near Public St, Elmwood Ave, and Potters Ave began to develop as a middle to upper class residential neighborhood.
As the automobile came to increase in popularity, businesses in the form of car dealerships, garages, and service stations would proliferate along Elmwood Avenue. As the trolley service was bustituted, Elmwood Ave was widened significantly and the elm trees Cooke planted had to be removed. These changes in streetscape changed the character of the neighborhood.
When the 1950s came, Interstate 95 was constructed, and many single-family homes were converted into apartments. Combined with the aging housing stock and traffic congestion, the neighborhood became less appealing to the middle-class, who left in large numbers during this time. By the early and mid 1970s, spot demolition on dilapidated houses became common and Elmwood fell into disrepair.
In more recent years, there have been many efforts to restore many older mansions and revitalize the neighborhood. In 1980, two large, predominantly residential areas of Elmwood were added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Elmwood Historic District, with emphasis on their nineteenth century revival and Victorian houses. Additionally, the City of Providence has established local (municipal level) historic districts as North Elmwood and South Elmwood, which protect historic properties and the neighborhood\'s historic identity by restricting exterior modifications of architectural items such as windows, porches, slate roofs, etc. Restoration efforts in Elmwood were featured on [\'Season 11 of Bob Vilia\'s Home Again\'](http://www.bobvila.com/BVTV/HomeAgain/Project-1114.html) when he helps 11 neighbors with various projects over the course of 13 episodes highlighting the historic nature of homes in the neighborhood.
## Demographics
The neighborhood remains one of the most ethnically, culturally, and racially diverse in the city. `{{As of|2007|March}}`{=mediawiki}, 56.7% of the population was Hispanic, 23.3% Black or African-American, 23.6% White (10.5% Non-Hispanic White), 9.3% Asian, and 1.8% Native American. 70% of children under the age of six spoke a language other than English as their primary language. Median family income rates were well below the citywide average. Nearly 28% of families lived below the poverty line while nearly 17% received some form of public assistance. Nearly one in four children had been exposed to high amounts of lead, mostly from lead paint in older homes.
## Government
At the municipal level of government, most of Elmwood is within Ward 9, though the area of Elmwood north of Potters Avenue falls within Ward 11. Carmen Castillo and Mary Kay Harris represent Wards 9 and 11, respectively, in the Providence City Council. Both are Democrats.
At the state level, nearly all of Elmwood falls within Rhode Island House District 11, with the exception of the area of Elmwood which lies west of Elmwood Avenue to the south of Columbus Square, which is in House District 10. Grace Díaz serves as the state representative for District 11; she was first elected in 2004. Scott Slater serves as the state representative for District 10; he was first elected in a special election in November 2009. All of Elmwood falls within Rhode Island Senate District 2; Elmwood is represented by Ana Quezada, who was elected to the seat in 2016.
At the federal level, all of Elmwood falls within RI Congressional District 1. David Cicilline, first elected in 2010, currently fills that seat.
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# Elmwood, Providence, Rhode Island
## Parks, green space, and urban tree canopy {#parks_green_space_and_urban_tree_canopy}
Green space in Elmwood consists of parks, community gardens, and cemeteries.
Elmwood has five small parks: Sackett Street Park and Amos Earley Park south of Sackett Street, Jennifer Rivera Memorial Park on Niagara Street at Potters Avenue, Peace and Plenty Park at the intersection of Peace Street and Updike Street, and Columbus Square at the intersection of Elmwood and Reservoir Avenues. Except for Columbus Square, each of these parks has playground equipment for children.
There are several community gardens in Elmwood, including Cadillac Drive Community Garden, Laura Street Community Garden, and Peace and Plenty Community Garden.
Additional green space in Elmwood is provided by two historic cemeteries along Elmwood Avenue: Grace Church Cemetery at the northern tip of Elmwood, and Locust Grove Cemetery, which is part of the Providence Public Parks System and is adjacent to the South Elmwood Local Historic District. Immediately to the south of the neighborhood lies Roger Williams Park, the city\'s premier public park.
The urban forest in Elmwood is composed of trees in parks and cemeteries, trees on private property, and street trees which line the sidewalks of the neighborhood. `{{As of|2006}}`{=mediawiki}, Elmwood\'s Urban Tree Canopy was estimated at 16.3% of total land area. Elmwood\'s urban tree canopy was below the citywide average, which was 23% of total land area.
## Schools and libraries {#schools_and_libraries}
Elmwood has several schools within its neighborhood borders. The Sackett Street School is a public elementary school. Charter Schools operating in the neighborhood are Highlander Charter School and Paul Cuffee Upper School. Sophia Academy is an independent middle school for Providence residents. The Montessori Community School of Rhode Island offers a Montessori education.
### Knight Memorial Library {#knight_memorial_library}
The Knight Memorial Library on Elmwood Avenue services Elmwood, the West End, and other south side neighborhoods. The library was financed by the children of textile magnate Robert Knight on property which had been part of Knight\'s estate. The 17,000 square foot library was designed by renowned architect Edward Lippincott Tilton with a grand Italian Renaissance exterior and Beaux Arts Neoclassical interior, and opened in 1924.
Management of the library transferred from the Providence Public Library to a community group, the Providence Community Library, in 2009. The building was temporarily closed for \"urgent repairs and upgrades\" in 2017, and considered \"endangered\" by the Providence Preservation Society in 2018. A \$554,000 grant from The Champlin Foundation in 2018 provided for repairs on the exterior masonry, roof, gutters, cornice and skylights.
## Arts and culture {#arts_and_culture}
At the northern tip of Elmwood Avenue, and at the nexus of the Elmwood, Upper South Providence, and the West End neighborhoods, the Southside Cultural Center of Rhode Island hosts a number of arts and cultural organizations and offers performance space.
In 2018--19, the historic 1921 Bomes Theatre on Broad Street underwent a \"complete restoration\". The work included restoration of the historic exterior, reproduction 1940s era marquee, modern dinner theatre interior, and the creation of two new retail units and commercial office space on the second floor.
## Hospitals
St Joseph\'s Hospital for Specialty Care was a Catholic hospital located at 21 Peace Street in the northern portion of Elmwood. It once completed a line of four hospitals on the South Side that to the east includes Rhode Island Hospital, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, and Hasbro Children\'s Hospital
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# Sara Airport
**Sara Airport** `{{airport codes|SSR|NVSH}}`{=mediawiki} is an airport on northern Pentecost Island, Vanuatu.
## Overview
Sara is a short grass airstrip built across a hilltop, next to the village of Arongbwaratu. Sara does not suffer from the problems of waterlogging that formerly afflicted Lonorore, Pentecost\'s other airport, although the airport\'s high location makes it vulnerable to disruption in windy weather. Following the 2008-2009 upgrading of Lonorore, and improvements in the reliability and frequency of shipping to Pentecost, Sara Airport has declined slightly in importance, although it remains a valuable transport link for the communities of northern Pentecost.
*Sara* is the word for \"field\" in Raga language. Locals may refer to the airstrip as *saran plen* (\"field of planes\") or *saran wangga gaga* (\"field of flying craft\") to avoid ambiguity
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# Vanua Lava Airport
**Vanua Lava Airport** `{{airport codes|SLH|NVSC}}`{=mediawiki}, also known as **Sola Airport**, is an airport near Sola on the island of Vanua Lava, one of the Banks Islands in the Torba province in Vanuatu.
## Facilities
The airport resides at an elevation of 7 ft above mean sea level. It has one runway which is 700 m in length
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# Roman Catholic Diocese of Trois-Rivières
The Roman Catholic **Diocese of Trois-Rivières** (*Dioecesis Trifluvianensis in Canada*) (erected 8 June 1852) is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Québec.
## History
The Diocese of Trois-Rivières was erected from the Archdiocese of Quebec on June 8, 1852. Rev. Thomas Cooke was appointed the first bishop. At that time, the diocese extended to the Eastern Townships, and included thirty-nine parishes.
The Collège des Trois-Rivières was founded in 1860; in 1874, it became the diocesan seminary. Also in 1874, the Diocese of Sherbrooke was created from Trois-Rivières. Notre-Dame-du-Cap was designated a national pilgrimage site by the bishops of Canada in 1909.
## Bishops
### Ordinaries
- Thomas Cooke (1852 - 1870)
- Louis-François Richer dit Laflèche (1870 - 1898)
- François-Xavier Cloutier (1899 - 1934)
- Alfred-Odilon Comtois (1934 - 1945)
- Maurice Roy (1946 - 1947), appointed Archbishop of Québec
- Georges-Léon Pelletier (1947 - 1975)
- Laurent Noël (1975 - 1996)
- Martin Veillette (1996 - 2012)
- Luc-André Bouchard (2012 - 2021)
- Martin Laliberté, P.M.E. (2022--present)
### Coadjutor bishop {#coadjutor_bishop}
- Louis-François Richer dit Laflèche (1866-1870)
### Auxiliary bishops {#auxiliary_bishops}
- Pierre Olivier Tremblay, O.M.I
| 195 |
Roman Catholic Diocese of Trois-Rivières
| 0 |
10,065,217 |
# Woodbury Junior-Senior High School
**Woodbury Junior-Senior High School** (**WHS**) is a comprehensive community middle school and public high school that serves students in sixth through twelfth grades from Woodbury, in Gloucester County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, as part of the Woodbury Public Schools system. The class of 2003 was the school\'s 100th graduating class, making Woodbury High School one of the oldest secondary schools in South Jersey and the oldest in its athletic conference.
As of the 2023--24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 828 students and 71.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student--teacher ratio of 11.7:1. There were 484 students (58.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 49 (5.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
## History
Following a devastating fire on December 20, 1910, that burned the original high school down, it was rebuilt in 1911 with then-governor and future president, Woodrow Wilson, laying the cornerstone for the new Woodbury High School. The new school building opened in 1912.
Students from National Park, Wenonah, Westville and Woodbury Heights had attended the school until the Gateway Regional High School opened in September 1964.
## Awards, recognition and rankings {#awards_recognition_and_rankings}
In 2004, the school was selected as a NASA Explorer School, one of 50 in the entire country to work hand-in-hand with NASA on improving technology and science education within the school. In 2007, NASA selected Woodbury to experience a \'Weightless Wonder\' flight on a C-9 aircraft so that they could test their proposed experiment examining the performance-related effects of reduced gravity on simple robotic designs.
The school was the 187th-ranked public high school in New Jersey out of 339 schools statewide in *New Jersey Monthly* magazine\'s September 2014 cover story on the state\'s \"Top Public High Schools\", using a new ranking methodology. The school had been ranked 192nd in the state of 328 schools in 2012, after being ranked 199th in 2010 out of 322 schools listed. The magazine ranked the school 203rd in 2008 out of 316 schools. The school was ranked 111th in the magazine\'s September 2006 issue. In 2006, Woodbury was the #1 ranked high school in Gloucester County by *New Jersey Monthly* and *Philadelphia Magazine*.
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# Woodbury Junior-Senior High School
## Athletics
Woodbury High School Thundering Herd compete as the oldest member school in the Colonial Conference, which is comprised of small schools in Camden and Gloucester counties whose enrollments generally do not exceed between 850 students for grades 9--12, and operates under the supervision of the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA). With 325 students in grades 10-12, the school was classified by the NJSIAA for the 2019--20 school year as Group I for most athletic competition purposes, which included schools with an enrollment of 75 to 476 students in that grade range. The football team competes in the Diamond Division of the 94-team West Jersey Football League superconference and was classified by the NJSIAA as Group I South for football for 2024--2026, which included schools with 185 to 482 students.
The school participates in joint cooperative cross country running, co-ed swimming and wrestling teams with Gateway Regional High School as the host school / lead agency. These co-op programs operate under agreements scheduled to expire at the end of the 2023--24 school year.
The boys track team won the Group III spring / outdoor track state championship in 1943 and 1948, and won the Group I title in 1969, 1972-1978, 2010 and 2011. The program\'s 11 group titles are tied for fourth-most in the state; the program\'s streak of seven consecutive titles from 1972 to 1978 is tied for the second-longest streak in the state.
The boys track team won the indoor relay championship in Group I in 1976-1979 and 1983; the program\'s five state group titles are tied for tenth-most in the state and the four consecutive titles from 1976 to 1979 is tied for the fifth-longest streak. The girls team won the Group III title in 1982 and 1986
The girls team won the NJSIAA spring / outdoor track Group I state championship in 1976, 1977, 1979 and 2007.
The softball team won the Group I state championship in 1983 (defeating Wood-Ridge High School in the tournament final) and 1996 (vs. Cedar Grove High School). The 1996 Group I state final was ended in five innings due to the mercy rule, with a 16--1 win against Cedar Grove giving the team a 23--1 record for the season.
The boys\' tennis team won the 2005 South, Group I state sectional championship with a 3--2 win over Schalick High School. In 2007, the girls\' track & field team won the NJSIAA Group I state championship, and the boys\' track & field team came in second in the state, losing by a single point to Metuchen.
The football team won the NJSIAA South Jersey Group I state sectional championship in 1988-1991, 1998 and 2009. In 1988, the team finished its first undefeated season capped off by a 32--6 win against Paulsboro High School in the South Jersey Group I sectional championship game, finishing the season at 11--0. The 1989 team won the South Jersey Group I title with a 27--20 win against Paulsboro in the championship game to run their season record to 11--0 for the second consecutive year, becoming the second South Jersey team to accomplish this feat. The annual Thanksgiving Day rivalry football game is against Gateway High School. In addition to its longstanding regular-season rivalry that dates back to 1915, Woodbury has defeated Paulsboro in the South Jersey Group I final in 1988, 1989 and 2009 (by a score of 16-0). Paulsboro has an overall record of 59--43--3 in matchups between the two teams, which was ranked 20th by NJ.com on its 2017 list \"Ranking the 31 fiercest rivalries in N.J. HS football\".
The boys\' basketball team won the Group I state championship in 2018, defeating Cresskill High School by a score of 60--58 in the tournament final.
### Sports offered {#sports_offered}
**Boys** -- soccer, football, cross country`{{ref|c}}`{=mediawiki}, basketball, indoor track, swimming`{{ref|c}}`{=mediawiki}, track & field, baseball, wrestling`{{ref|c}}`{=mediawiki}\
**Girls** -- soccer, cross country`{{ref|c}}`{=mediawiki}, field hockey, cheerleading, basketball, indoor track, swimming`{{ref|c}}`{=mediawiki}, track & field, softball
### 1952--53: Year of Champions {#year_of_champions}
thumb\|upright=1.2\|Woodbury High School football stadium Led by future NFL quarterback Milt Plum, Woodbury High School had one of the most historic school years for a sports program in United States history in 1952--53. Every single athletic team, boys or girls, either tied for or won outright titles.`{{ref|d}}`{=mediawiki} At no other high school in the country has this type of success ever occurred, before or since. All sports teams combined produced an overall record of 75--13--1 (.842 win percentage) with 10 championships. At the time, Woodbury was classified as a Group III regional high school and was much bigger than its small Group I classification today. The championships won during 1952--53 are:
- **Colonial Conference titles**
:\*Baseball (14--2--1)
:\*Football (8--0)
:\*Boys\' basketball (16--6)
:\*Track (5--2)
- **South Jersey Group III titles**
:\*Cross Country (7--0)
:\*Football
- **West Jersey League championships**
:\*Field Hockey (7--3)`{{ref|e}}`{=mediawiki}
:\*Girls\' tennis (8--0)
:\*Girls\' basketball (10--0)
- **State championships**
:\*Track -- Group III Medley Relay
### Academic excellence off the field {#academic_excellence_off_the_field}
The boys\' soccer team has earned the National Soccer Coaches Association of America\'s [High School Boys Team Academic Award](http://www.nscaa.com/awards.php) for seven consecutive seasons (2003--04 through 2010--11). To qualify for the award, the team must have a minimum grade point average of 3.25 for the entire academic year. The team GPA is determined by adding every player\'s GPA, then dividing by the number of players. Woodbury is one of only two boys\' soccer teams in all of New Jersey to be recognized in each of the past seven years (Sparta High School is the other). For the 2006--07 award, Woodbury was one of only 61 schools in the nation to receive this honor for both its boys\' and girls\' teams.
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# Woodbury Junior-Senior High School
## Athletics
### Snapping \'the streak\' {#snapping_the_streak}
Woodbury High School is responsible for halting the longest winning streak in New Jersey football history. Longtime rival Paulsboro High School had recorded 63 consecutive wins over the span of six years (1992--1998), but on September 26, 1998, Paulsboro lost to Woodbury, 14--13. The 63 wins still holds as the record to this day.
### First-ever NJSIAA public school football state champion {#first_ever_njsiaa_public_school_football_state_champion}
In 2022, the NJSIAA re-organized the playoff system used to determine football state champions. There had never been a statewide tournament to determine an overall state champion; prior to 2022, all sectional champions were declared de facto state champions, since teams from different areas of the state never played one another. Woodbury High School won the 2022 South Jersey Group I sectional championship over Salem High School, then defeated Mountain Lakes High School 31--7 in the NJSIAA Group I state title game. Woodbury took home the first golden trophy ever awarded to a public football program in New Jersey prep history.
## Administration
The school\'s acting co-principals are Dwayne S. Dobbins Jr. for grades 9-12 and Mylisa Himmons for grades 6-8.
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# Woodbury Junior-Senior High School
## Popular culture {#popular_culture}
### Super Bowl connection {#super_bowl_connection}
When former Thundering Herd head football coach Jim Boyd stepped down after the 2000 season, then-assistant coach Zack Valentine was promoted to become the newest head coach. Valentine is a Super Bowl-winning linebacker who played for the National Football League\'s Pittsburgh Steelers from 1979 to 1981 as a member of the \"Steel Curtain\" defense. He began his career in the Woodbury school system in 1995 as a substitute teacher, and then in 1998 became a full-time physical education teacher. Valentine also played for the Philadelphia Eagles briefly before an injury prematurely ended his career.
### 1987 Philadelphia Eagles training camp {#philadelphia_eagles_training_camp}
The high school\'s football stadium was used by the NFL\'s Philadelphia Eagles in 1987 as the home of their training camp. The school district had given permission to the Eagles to utilize their field. All-time NFL greats Seth Joyner and Reggie White were among those on the 1987 roster who practiced at Woodbury High School.
### Filming location {#filming_location}
In October 2000, an independent mockumentary movie, *Bottomfeeders*, filmed scenes in front of the high school\'s main entrance for a presidential candidate\'s speech. Local residents and students were used as the rallying crowd who supported the candidate.
## Notable people {#notable_people}
### Alumni
- Anthony Averett (born 1994; class of 2013), cornerback for the Alabama Crimson Tide football team and the Baltimore Ravens. He is a two-time college football national champion
- George Benjamin Jr. (1919--1944; class of 1937), a United States Army soldier and a posthumous recipient of the U.S. military\'s highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions during the Philippines campaign of World War II
- Carroll William \"Boardwalk\" Brown (1889--1977), Major League Baseball pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics and New York Yankees
- Roscoe Lee Browne (1922--2007, class of 1939), actor and director, known for his rich voice and dignified bearing
- Dave Budd (born 1938; class of 1956), power forward for the New York Knicks who also shared responsibility in guarding Wilt Chamberlain during his 100-point NBA game
- Stephen Decatur (1779--1820)`{{ref|f}}`{=mediawiki}, a naval officer notable for his heroism in the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War and in the War of 1812.
- Aaron Estrada (born 2001; transferred out after junior year), standout college basketball player who is a two-time Colonial Athletic Association Player of the Year (2022, 2023)
- Oscar Fraley (1914--1994; class of 1934), co-author, with Eliot Ness, of *The Untouchables* which sold 1.5 million copies
- Harold W. Hannold (1911--1995), politician who served in the New Jersey Senate from 1945 to 1959, serving as Senate President in 1952
- Robert C. Hendrickson (1898--1964; class of 1918), a United States Senator from 1949 to 1955
- Leon Johnson (1902 --?), American football player who played for the Orange Tornadoes
- Nelson Jones (born 1964; class of 1982), football player for the San Diego Chargers
- James Lawrence (1781--1813)`{{ref|f}}`{=mediawiki}, an American naval officer of \"Don\'t give up the ship!\" fame.
- Rebekah Marine (born 1987; class of 2005), model and motivational speaker who is a congenital amputee and was born without a right forearm
- Mike McBath (born 1946; class of 1964), defensive end for the Buffalo Bills from 1968 to 1973, part-owner Orlando Predators
- Bryant McKinnie (born 1979; class of 1996), an offensive lineman in the National Football League for the Baltimore Ravens
- Jack Pierce (born 1962; class of 1980), Olympic bronze medalist in the 110 meter high hurdles at the 1992 Olympic Games
- Milt Plum (born 1935; class of 1953), quarterback and two-time Pro Bowler for the Cleveland Browns
- Chris Pressley (born 1986; class of 2004), fullback for the Cincinnati Bengals
- Browning Ross (1924--1998; class of 1943), a two-time Olympian in long-distance running (1948, 1952)
- Helen Sommers (1932--2017), politician who served in the Washington House of Representatives from 1972 to 2009, where she represented Washington\'s 36th legislative district
- Al Szolack (born c. 1950, class of 1968), a member of the Washington Generals traveling basketball team, opponents of the Harlem Globetrotters, during the 1974--75 season
- Raymond Zane (1939--2024), politician who represented the 3rd Legislative District in the New Jersey Senate from 1974 to 2002
### Notable faculty {#notable_faculty}
- Joe Colone (1926--2009), former NBA player for the New York Knicks
- Zack Valentine (born 1957), former NFL player and Super Bowl-winner for the Pittsburgh Steelers who had a record of 82--37 at Woodbury, recording the second most wins by a head coach, and won three state sectional titles.
## School programs {#school_programs}
Extracurricular activities (other than sports) that are offered at Woodbury Junior-Senior High School include, but are not limited to, the [Alternative Power Program](http://www.woodburysch.com/schools/jr-srhigh/programs/altpower.php), Junior & Senior High School Yearbooks, National Honor Society, Theater Club, Video Tape/A.V. Club, *White & Gold* newsletter, Choir, Orchestra Band, Marching Band, Jazz Band, Key Club, Interact Club, Bowling Club, Ladybug Club, Math and Science Leagues, Academic Bowl, French Club, Outdoor Club, peer mentoring program, Boys/Girls State, Governor\'s School, Gay and Lesbian Alliance, and a Student Council
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Woodbury Junior-Senior High School
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10,065,222 |
# South West Bay Airport
**South West Bay Airport** is an airport in South West Bay, Malakula, Vanuatu `{{airport codes|SWJ|NVSX}}`{=mediawiki}
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South West Bay Airport
| 0 |
10,065,254 |
# Tongoa Airport
**Tongoa Airport** `{{airport codes|TGH|NVST}}`{=mediawiki} is an airport in serving the Tongoa island, located in the Shefa Province of Vanuatu
| 22 |
Tongoa Airport
| 0 |
10,065,267 |
# Torres Airport
**Torres Airport** `{{airport codes|TOH|NVSD}}`{=mediawiki} is an airfield serving the Torres Islands in the Torba province in Vanuatu. It is located on Linua island, just north of Lo (or *Loh*) island
| 33 |
Torres Airport
| 0 |
10,065,268 |
# Qibao
**Qibao** (`{{zh|s=七宝镇 |t=七寶鎮 |p=Qībǎo Zhèn}}`{=mediawiki}; Shanghainese: Tshih^4^pau^2^) is a town in Minhang District, Shanghai. Its formation can be traced back to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, to the Northern Song Dynasty. The name comes from the local temple, \"Qibao Temple\". Today, Qibao is a tourist attraction, in the area known as Qibao Old Town by the Puhui River with traditional Chinese architecture and a number of attractions, including museums and street food.
The town was also once the residence of the noted painter Zhang Chongren, a friend of the Belgian cartoonist Hergé, on whom the character Chang Chong-Chen from \"The Adventures of Tintin\" was based. Qibao is also known for crickets (with a \"Cricket House\") in the Qibao Old Town area.
## Location
Located in the western suburbs of Shanghai, Qibao covers an area of 21.3 km2. It can be accessed by taking Shanghai Metro Line 9 to Qibao Station. `{{asof|2011}}`{=mediawiki}, it has 54 residential communities (*居委会*) and nine villages under its administration
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10,065,274 |
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Victoria in Canada
The **Diocese of Victoria** (*Dioecesis Victoriensis in Insula Vancouver*) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Its episcopal see is in Victoria. The diocese encompasses all of Vancouver Island and several nearby British Columbia islands. A suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Vancouver, the diocese\'s cathedral is St. Andrew\'s Cathedral and its present diocesan bishop is Gary Gordon.
This is the oldest Canadian diocese west of Toronto.
## History
When the American expedition of 1810 entered the Willamette Valley of present-day Oregon, it included 13 French-Canadian Catholics. Several of them, including the fur trader Étienne Lucier, decided to settle there. In 1836, Lucier and 15 other Catholic settlers petitioned Auxiliary Bishop Norbert Provencher, head of the church in present-day Manitoba, to send a priest to their settlement. They constructed St. Paul\'s Church, the oldest church in Oregon, in St. Paul, Oregon that same year. In 1838, he sent the missionary priests François Norbert Blanchet and Modeste Demers, who had been instructed by Archbishop Joseph Signay of Quebec: \"In order to make yourselves sooner useful to the natives\... you will apply yourselves\... to the study of the Indian languages\... so as to be able to publish a grammar after some of your residence there.\"
The **Diocese of Vancouver Island** was erected on 24 July 1846, being one of three dioceses in the Pacific Northwest created out of the Vicariate Apostolic of the Oregon Territory, although the population of Catholics there was \"a mere handful.\" Modeste Demers became the new diocese\'s first bishop. The territory included Vancouver Island, the Gulf Islands, New Caledonia (mainland British Columbia), and the Queen Charlotte Islands. When the United States purchased Alaska in 1867 from the Empire of Russia, it came under the jurisdiction of the Diocese.
The Diocese of Vancouver Island was elevated to an archdiocese on 19 June 1903 and then renamed **Archdiocese of Victoria** in 1904. During the period 1846--1903, it was under the influence of the Archdiocese of Portland in Oregon, which either directly appointed or had considerable influence over the appointment of the bishops of Vancouver Island.
The Archdiocese of Victoria was lowered to the status of a diocese in 1908, when the metropolitan see was moved to Vancouver.
**Territorial losses**
Year territory lost to form:
------ -----------------------------------------
1863 Vicariate Apostolic of British Columbia
1894 Prefecture Apostolic of Alaska
## Bishops
The following are the lists of Bishops and their years of service:
### Ordinaries
#### Bishop of Vancouver Island {#bishop_of_vancouver_island}
- Modeste Demers (1846--1871)
- Charles-Jean Seghers (1873--1878), appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Oregon City, Oregon, USA; returned here in 1884
- Jean-Baptiste Brondel (1879--1883)
- Charles-Jean Seghers (1884--1886); personal title of Archbishop
- Jean-Nicolas Lemmens (1888--1897)
- Alexander Christie (1898--1899), appointed Archbishop of Oregon City, Oregon, USA
- Bertram Orth (1900--1903)
#### Archbishop of Vancouver Island {#archbishop_of_vancouver_island}
- Bertram Orth (1903--1904), see above
#### Archbishop/Bishop of Victoria {#archbishopbishop_of_victoria}
- Bertram Orth (1904--1908), see above
- Alexander MacDonald (1908--1923)
- Thomas O\'Donnell (1923--1929), appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Halifax, Nova Scotia
- Gerald C. Murray, C.SS.R. (1930--1934), appointed Bishop of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
- John Hugh MacDonald (1934--1936), appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Edmonton, Alberta
- John Christopher Cody (1936--1946), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of London, Ontario
- James Michael Hill (1946--1962)
- Remi Joseph De Roo (1962--1999)
- Raymond Roussin, S.M. (1999--2004), appointed Archbishop of Vancouver, British Columbia
- Richard Gagnon (2004--2014), appointed Archbishop of Winnipeg
- Gary Gordon (2014--present)
### Coadjutor bishops {#coadjutor_bishops}
- John James Jonckau (1883); did not take effect
- Raymond Olir Roussin, S. M. (1998-1999)
### Auxiliary bishop {#auxiliary_bishop}
- Louis Aloysius Lootens (1876-1898)
## Churches
**Greater Victoria**
- St Andrew\'s Cathedral
- Holy Cross
- Our Lady of Fatima (Portuguese)
- Our Lady of the Rosary
- Our Lady Queen Of Peace
- Saanich Peninsula Parish
- Sacred Heart
- St-Jean-Baptiste (French)
- St. Joseph the Worker
- St. Leopold Mandic (Croatian)
- St. Patrick\'s
- St. Rose of Lima
**Courtenay**
- Christ The King
**Campbell River**
- St. Patrick\'s
**Gold River**
- St. Peter and St. Paul
**Hornby Island**
- Holy Cross
**Chemainus**
- St. Joseph\'s
**Duncan**
- St. Ann\'s
- St. Edward the Confessor
**Lake Cowichan**
- St. Louis De Montfort
**Ladysmith**
- St. Mary\'s
**Gabriola Island**
- Our Lady of Victory Mission
**Mayne Island**
- St. Francis of Assisi
**Pender Island**
- St. Teresa\'s Chapel
**Salt Spring Island**
- Our Lady of Grace
**Mill Bay**
- St Francis Xavier
**Shawnigan Lake**
- Our Lady Queen of the World
**Nanaimo**
- St. Peter\'s
- Trinity Catholic
**Parksville**
- Church of the Ascension
**Port Alberni**
- Holy Family/Notre Dame
**Tofino**
- St. Francis of Assisi
**Ucluelet**
- Holy Family
**Alert Bay**
- Our Lady of Assumption
**Port Hardy**
- St. Bonaventure
**Port McNeill**
- St. Mary\'s
**Port Alice**
- St. Theresa\'s
**Sayward**
- St Bernadette\'s
**Tahsis**
- St. Joseph\'s
`{{Col-end}}`{=mediawiki}
### Monasteries
- House of Bread Monastery, a Benedictine monastery in Nanaimo
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# Roman Catholic Diocese of Victoria in Canada
## Education
### Catholic high schools {#catholic_high_schools}
School City Est. Website Enrolment
------------------------------------ ---------- ------ -------------------------------- ---------------
St. Andrew\'s Regional High School Victoria <http://www.standrewshigh.ca/> \~475 (co-ed)
- St. Ann\'s Academy (Victoria, British Columbia), was open 1858 and closed in 1974.
- Smith Memorial High School, of Port Alberni, was opened 1951 and closed in 1976.
### Catholic elementary schools {#catholic_elementary_schools}
School City Est. Website
------------------ -------------- ------ ---------------------------------
St. Joseph's Victoria <http://www.stjosephschool.ca/>
St. Patrick\'s Victoria <http://www.stpatrickselem.ca/>
Queen of Angels Duncan <http://www.queenofangels.ca/>
St. John Paul II Port Alberni 1951 <http://www.jp2nd.ca/>
- St. Ann\'s Academy for Boys, of Duncan, was erected in 1864 and closed in 1969.
- St. Mary\'s School, of Ladysmith, was established 1909 and closed in 1913.
### Catholic universities, colleges, and seminaries {#catholic_universities_colleges_and_seminaries}
- St. Joseph\'s School for Nursing, of Victoria, was erected in 1900 and closed in 1981.
- St. John Fisher / Thomas More College 1953 and closed in 1993.
## Religious institutes {#religious_institutes}
**Religious institutes of women**
- Benedictine Sisters
- Franciscan Poor Clares
- Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate
- Sisters of St. Ann
## Residential schools {#residential_schools}
The Diocese managed two residential schools in British Columbia. Upon the discovery of the remains of 215 children at Kamloops Indian Residential School, the diocese released a [statement of apology and commitment.](https://www.rcdvictoria.org/special-announcements/statement-of-apology-and-commitment)
- Kuper Island Indian Residential School
- The Christie Roman Catholic school
## Charities
**Health Care**
- Lourdes Hospital, of Campbell River, was erected in 1926 and closed in 1957.
- St. Joseph\'s Hospital, of Victoria, was erected in 1876 and closed in 1972
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# Ulei Airport
**Ulei Airport** is an airport in Ulei, Ambrym, Vanuatu `{{airport codes|ULB|NVSU}}`{=mediawiki}
| 14 |
Ulei Airport
| 0 |
10,065,287 |
# Valesdir Airport
**Valesdir Airport** is an airport in Valesdir, Epi, Vanuatu `{{airport codes|VLS|NVSV}}`{=mediawiki}
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Valesdir Airport
| 0 |
10,065,301 |
# Walaha Airport
**Walaha Airport** is an airport in Walaha, Vanuatu `{{airport codes|WLH|NVSW}}`{=mediawiki}
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Walaha Airport
| 0 |
10,065,357 |
# John Appleton Brown
**John Appleton Brown** (July 12, 1844 -- January 18, 1902) was an American landscape painter working largely in pastels and oils, born in West Newbury, Massachusetts. He showed talent at an early age and studied under Emile Lambinet in France. For many years he worked and showed in Boston, summering in his native northeastern Massachusetts and painting his best known lyrical landscapes there. In 1891 he and his wife, noted artist Agnes Augusta Bartlett Brown, moved to New York City, where he died on January 18, 1902.
## Family and education {#family_and_education}
Although Massachusetts town vital records and many sources identify West Newbury, Massachusetts, as the place of John Appleton Brown\'s birth on July 12, 1844, some say he was born in the larger neighboring city of Newburyport, where Brown attended high school. He was the second of two sons of George Frederick Handel Brown (a combmaker) and Asenath L. Page. His parents supported Appleton Brown\'s artistic talent throughout his childhood; he spent summer school vacations painting landscapes of his native West Newbury and the surrounding area. Initially he spent a year studying with New England landscape painter Alfred Thompson Bricher. After a year working in a Boston studio shared with fellow-novice Benjamin Curtis Porter, in 1866 Brown traveled to France, where in 1867-68 he studied under landscape artist Emile Lambinet, himself a protégé of Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot.
## Career
By the 1870s, Brown was a successful and well-known Boston painter. His work was exhibited with his friends and mentors William Morris Hunt and Joseph Foxcroft Cole, at shows of the Boston Art Club, and at prominent galleries. In the fall of 1874, he and his wife Agnes went to France to study and paint. He displayed and sold works in the Paris Salon of 1875, whose jurors included established Barbizon school painters. The Browns typically maintained a winter studio in Boston and had a summer house in West Newbury, whose surrounds comprised the rural New England landscapes which were frequent subjects of his art. Starting in 1879, both Browns had annual exhibitions at Boston\'s Doll and Richards gallery. At this time Brown\'s paintings and drawings were used as book illustrations.
According to Dartmouth College curator and art writer Barbara J. MacAdam, in the 1880s Brown adopted a brighter palette and \"turned more frequently to images of fruit trees in full flower, lending him the sobriquet of \'Appleblossom Brown.\'\" At the invitation of Francis Davis Millet, in 1886 the Browns joined an artists\' colony in England, where Americans including John Singer Sargent and Edwin Austin Abbey were working. His paintings of the English countryside, much like in New England, were well received in Boston. Later in the 1880s the Browns summered not only in West Newbury, but also at Celia Thaxter\'s salon on Appledore Island among the Isles of Shoals off the coast of southern Maine. There he became a close friend of Childe Hassam and painted seascapes, including the dramatic and powerful \"Storm at the Isles of Shoals.\"
In the 1890s, Brown\'s success had expanded well beyond Boston. When he participated in an art show in Chicago, a reviewer described Brown\'s picture \"In the Month of May\" as \"a brilliant, joyous study of apple-blossoms and sunny greens.\" In 1891, the Browns moved from Boston to New York City, which offered a more vibrant arts scene. In 1893 Brown received a medal at the World\'s Columbian Exposition.
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# John Appleton Brown
## Critics' appraisal {#critics_appraisal}
Particularly with respect to the New England spring and summer landscapes for which he was best known and most appreciated, commenters described Brown\'s work as tender and delicate in its depiction of nature. His pictures were described as evocative of---but not imitative of---Corot. A rare negative review appeared in the March, 1872 issue of the *Atlantic Monthly*. This article focused on an early Brown work \"Grindelwald Valley,\" whose subject of majestic soaring mountains in the Swiss Alps was, in the reviewer\'s opinion, an audacious one for Brown. In this critic\'s view, Brown\'s treatment of such a grand subject as mere sketch had the "unpardonable defect of being thinly painted." A little over five years later, another *Atlantic Monthly* review concluded that in the autumn landscape \"On the Artichoke, West Newbury,\" Brown\'s treatment of clouds reflected in water was appropriately not belabored in its detail: \"Though done with one sweep of the brush, it would be hard to conceive how any subsequent caressing or tinkering could add an iota to their tender and evanescent loveliness.\"
Poetry as inspiration for, as reflected in, as inspired by, and as illustrated with Appleton Brown\'s work is another common theme among critics and writers. In 1879 Brown collaborated with Lucy Larcom, illustrating her book *Landscape in American Poetry*, which viewed the same New England landscape Brown painted through the words of noteworthy poets, such as John Greenleaf Whittier, from the same region. Just as poetry inspired Appleton Brown\'s pictures, so too did his art inspire poetry. Will Amos Reed\'s book of verse *Through Broken Reeds* contains the poem \"On Seeing a Picture by J. Appleton Brown.\" It begins, \"How deep in nature's lore must artists dip / To form such lights and shadows with a brush's tip!\"
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# John Appleton Brown
## Personal life and death {#personal_life_and_death}
In June 1874, Brown married Newburyport native Agnes Augusta Bartlett. She was a noted artist in her own right, painting in oil in a style not unlike her husband\'s. Her subjects included landscapes, flowers, and later cats.
By all accounts, Brown was charming, a good friend, and \"retiring and modest\" in nature. He was also said to be an excellent art teacher. At the same time, Brown\'s work was exhibited at fashionable shows that displayed not only art but also fashionable art viewers. Brown maintained \"social relations with our best families,\" serving, for instance, as an officer in Boston\'s St. Botolph Club which included the historians Henry Cabot Lodge and Francis Parkman. Brown was also a member of the Society of American Artists, and an associate of the National Academy of Design.
Brown died at age 57, on January 18, 1902. His friends and fellow artists Alfred Quinton Collins and Frank Henry Shapleigh accompanied his body to Newburyport for burial. In March 1902, the Century Club mounted a memorial exhibition of his work. His works are now housed in such institutions as the Harvard University art museums, the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
## Gallery
John Appleton Brown - New England Landscape - 15.880 - Museum of Fine Arts.jpg\|New England Landscape Bridge in Late Spring by John Appleton Brown.jpg\|Bridge in Late Spring John Appleton Brown - Hillside in Summer - 19.1323 - Museum of Fine Arts.jpg\|Hillside in Summer A Country Road by John Appleton Brown
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# Jankampet Junction railway station
**Jankampet Junction railway station** (station code:JKM) is one of the two railway stations which serves the city of Nizamabad in Telangana state of India.
## Administration
It falls in Hyderabad railway division under the South Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. Due to overgrowth on the western side of Nizamabad, the Jankampet Junction railway station falls under the administration of Nizamabad.
## Line and location {#line_and_location}
It is just to the south of the junction where the branch railway from Bodhan meets the Secunderabad--Manmad line. Jankampet railway station is situated 10 kilometers away from Nizamabad Junction railway station .
## Routes
- Jankampet Jn--Nizamabad Jn/Secunderabad Jn
- Jankampet Jn--`{{stnlnk|Mudkhed}}`{=mediawiki} Jn
- Jankampet Jn--Bodhan
- In October 2023, the Karimnagar-Nizamabad MEMU was extended up to Bodhan
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# Strategy (magazine)
***Strategy*** is a Canadian business magazine about marketing, advertising and media. The magazine is published by Brunico Communications, and was launched in 1989.
Each year, ***Strategy*** hosts a number of industry awards, including Strategy Agency of the Year, the Marketing Awards, the Strategy Awards, the MIAs, and the Shopper Innovations Awards.
It was merged in 2016 with ***Marketing***, a formerly competing title which Brunico acquired from Rogers Media
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# Francis Quadrangle
**David R. Francis Quadrangle** is the historical center of the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. Known as **The Quad**, it is the oldest part of Red Campus and adjacent to Downtown Columbia at the south end of the Avenue of the Columns. At its center are six Ionic columns, all that remains of the original university building Academic Hall. Twelve buildings front the modern quadrangle including the domed main administration building Jesse Hall, the tallest building in Columbia. The Quad was designed and constructed by architect Morris Frederick Bell and his assistant William Lincoln Garver. It is named after Missouri governor David R. Francis. Eighteen structures, including the entire quad and most of Red Campus are listed as the Francis Quadrangle National Historic District. An obelisk, the original tombstone of Thomas Jefferson, stands in front of the Chancellor\'s Residence. It was gifted to the University by Jefferson\'s descendants in recognition of Missouri\'s ties to Virginia. In front of Jesse Hall stand markers honoring university president Richard Henry Jesse and Missouri governor David R. Francis. Nearby is another obelisk in memory of Missouri\'s first U.S. senator David Barton, The Missouri School of Journalism is located at the northeast corner of The Quad, comprising Walter Williams Hall, Neff Hall, Gannet Hall, along with the Reynolds Journalism Institute. To the west, Switzler Hall is the oldest academic building on campus, though the Residence on the Quad, home of the chancellor, is the oldest building overall. The University of Missouri College of Engineering completes the west side. Pickard Hall is currently closed due to radiation contamination from turn of the century experiments. Swallow Hall was recently renovated and houses the Departments of Anthropology, Visual Studies and Ancient Mediterranean Studies.
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# Francis Quadrangle
## History
At the genesis of the University of Missouri the only building among a great forest campus was Academic Hall. Constructed by architect Stephen Hills from 1840 to 1843 out of red brick and limestone quarried from the bluff of Hinkson Creek, this was the only academic building of the university for many years. In 1843 a mansion was built next door for the President of the University of Missouri. During the American Civil War, Union troops occupied Academic Hall and burned the ancient forest and parts of the library for firewood. Academic Hall was damaged and the president mansion was burned in 1865. After the war, the university sued the federal government for damages, eventually winning and building the Memorial Gateway on the Avenue of the Columns with the money. A new President\'s Mansion was built in 1867 and still stands today. The need for expansion after the war necessitated the construction of Scientific Hall, now Switzler Hall in 1872.
The burning of Academic Hall on a cold January night in 1892 ushered in a time of great change for the university. There was much support in the Missouri Legislature to move the University to Sedalia. The Governor of Missouri, David R. Francis, sent a telegram to the students of the university assuring them that he would fight to keep the campus in Columbia. He later traveled to Columbia to address the citizens, faculty, and students. After calling for a special session of the Missouri Legislature he was able to appropriate \$250,000 for the rebuilding. The University of Missouri was rebuilt in a quad around the columns, with \"New Academic Hall\" later renamed Jesse Hall on the south, and the Avenue of the Columns on the North.
On October 23, 2010 the quad was featured as the location of an ESPN\'s College GameDay. An ESPN record of over 18,000 fans showed up.
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# Francis Quadrangle
## Buildings
### Geology Building {#geology_building}
The Geology Building is the newest stand-alone building on The Quad.
### Hill Hall {#hill_hall}
Hill Hall was built in 1950 and named after former President of The University Albert Ross Hill.
### Jesse Hall {#jesse_hall}
Jesse Hall was constructed in 1892 as the \"New Academic Hall\". It was later renamed after MU president Richard Henry Jesse. The dome rises nine stories above the quad, and is one of the most recognized symbols of MU. It was designed by architect Morris Frederick Bell, and serves as the administrative center for the University of Missouri--Columbia.
### Lafferre Hall {#lafferre_hall}
The Engineering Building was built in 1892 and lies on the west side of the quad. After a significant donation, the building is now called Lafferre Hall.
### Pickard Hall {#pickard_hall}
Pickard Hall was built in 1892 and contained the MU Art and Archaeology Museum until 2013, when it was closed due to latent radiation from experiments dating 1910-1930. It was named after professor of archaeology and art history John Pickard.
### Residence on the Quad {#residence_on_the_quad}
The Residence on The Quad was built in 1867 and stands on the East side of the quad. It is the oldest building left standing on campus. Thomas Jefferson\'s original tombstone stands between this building and The Columns. The Residence is intended to be the official home of the University\'s chancellor.
### Sociology
The Sociology building was built in 1892 and stands near the northeast corner of the quad. The building has been renovated and turned into the Donald W. Reynolds Journalism Institute.
### Swallow Hall {#swallow_hall}
Swallow Hall was built in 1893 and stands on the southeast corner. It is named after George Clinton Swallow, Missouri\'s first state geologist. Today the building holds the Museum of Anthropology.
### Switzler Hall {#switzler_hall}
Switzler Hall was constructed in 1871 as the \"Scientific Building\". It is the oldest academic building left standing on campus. Switzler Hall is named after curator William Franklin Switzler. One of the notable attractions of Switzler Hall is the bell tower. The bell was given to the University by Major James S. Rollins and is inscribed with the words \"Nunc occasion est et tempus,\" which translated is, \"Now is the occasion and the time.\" The bell rang each hour classes were in session until 1936.
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# Francis Quadrangle
## Monuments
### The Columns {#the_columns}
The Columns that once supported Academic Hall designed by Stephen Hills now stand in the middle of the quad. The Columns are the only remaining part of Academic Hall after it burned on January 9, 1892. In August 1893 the Board of Curators voted to remove the Columns because they thought that they were unsafe and ugly. The Columns were inspected and found that the foundations were sound. Local support for keeping the Columns changed the Board\'s mind and the vote was reversed in December 1893. Today, The Columns are the second-most photographed landmarks in the state of Missouri, next to the Gateway Arch in St. Louis.
### Thomas Jefferson\'s tombstone {#thomas_jeffersons_tombstone}
Thomas Jefferson\'s original tombstone stands on the east side of the quad. Jefferson\'s original tombstone was given to Mizzou by his heirs in July 1883 due to Mizzou being the first University founded within Thomas Jefferson\'s Louisiana Purchase.
The plaque on the gravestone reads \"This original marker, placed at the grave of Thomas Jefferson at Monticello, Virginia in 1826, constructed from his own design, was presented July 4, 1883, by the Jefferson heirs to the University of Missouri. First state university to be founded in the Louisiana Territory purchased from France during President Jefferson\'s administration. The obelisk, dedicated on this campus at commencement June 4, 1885, commemorates Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States, whose faith in the future of western America and whose confidence in the people has shaped our national ideals; commemorates the author of the Declaration of Independence and of the Virginia statute for religious freedom, founder of the University of Virginia, fosterer of public education in the United States.\"
And under these words it reads (the original epitaph)
\"Here was buried Thomas Jefferson Author of the Declaration of American Independence of the Statute of Virginia for religious freedom and FATHER of the University of Virginia\"
### Francis Marker {#francis_marker}
As tribute to former governor of Missouri, David R. Francis, a statue of stands just northeast of the entrance to Jesse Hall. It is a tradition that before an exam a student will rub his nose to receive an A on the exam. Due to the tradition\'s popularity the statue\'s nose has been replaced three times since its dedication.
### Barton Marker {#barton_marker}
A stone marker memorializing Missouri\'s first senator David Barton stands at the southwest corner of The Quad.
### British House of Parliament Stone {#british_house_of_parliament_stone}
A Stone from the House of Parliament stands outside the J-School.
### Chinese Lions {#chinese_lions}
Two ancient Chinese lions guard the archway to 9th Street at the northeastern side of The Quad.
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# Francis Quadrangle
## Gallery
<File:1875> University of Missouri Columbia University of MissouriArchives.png\|Drawing of Academic Hall, Switzler Hall, and the President\'s House around 1875 <File:AcademicHallOriginal.jpg%7CAcademic> Hall as it was originally constructed, sometime before 1885 <File:Academic> Hall and Chalybeate Spring at some point in the 1880s.jpg\|Academic Hall and Chalybeate Spring in the 1880s <File:AcademicHallBeforeFire.jpg%7CAcademic> Hall with the expanded east and west wings, perhaps in 1890-1892 <File:Academic> Hall Fire.jpg\|The burning of Academic Hall in 1892. Flame can be seen licking the columns of the portico <File:MizzouColumns1892.jpg%7CThe> Columns stand in the rubble of Academic Hall after the 1892 fire, the new buildings of Francis Quad in the background <File:Artist> rendering of David R. Francis Quadrangle (1893).jpg\|Plans for the creation of the Quad drawn by architect Morris Frederick Bell <File:JesseHall1892.jpg>\| Jesse Hall around 1895 <File:Artist> rendering of David R. Francis Quadrangle (1905).jpg\|Artist rendition of The Quad around 1905 <File:Aritst> depiction of David R. Francis Quadrangle around 1910 .jpg\|Artist rendition of The Quad around 1910 <File:Savitar> (1922) (14799530953).jpg\|1922 Savitar yearbook picture of ivy covered Columns <File:Historic> columns, Missouri University, Columbia, Mo (69653).jpg\|1930-45 postcard of the \"Historic Columns Missouri University\" <File:Francis> Quadrangle.JPG\|The Columns in the snow <File:Mizzou-columns-JayBuffington.jpg%7CThe> Columns with Jesse Hall in the background <File:Mizzou> Jesse.jpg\|From the Avenue of the Columns <File:AvenueOfTheColumns.JPG%7CFrom> Elm Street in snow <File:Mizzou> Jesse Thumb.jpg\|Jesse and the Columns <File:Jesse> Hall and the Columns, University of Missouri - panoramio.jpg\|The Quad in 2009 <File:Jefferson> tombstone at the University of Missouri.jpg\|Original tombstone of Thomas Jefferson <File:Jefferson> Statue at the University of Missouri.jpg\|Bronze statue of Thomas Jefferson <File:Residence> on the Quad at the University of Missouri.jpg\|Residence on the Quad <File:Switzler> Hall at mizzou, Quad side.jpg\|Switzler Hall <File:Law> barn at the University of Missouri.jpg\|Reynolds Journalism Institute <File:The> geology building on Francis Quad at mizzou.jpg\|The Geology Building <File:Swallow> hall at mizzou (front).jpg\|Swallow Hall in summer <File:Swallow> Hall 2015
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# The Door in the Lake
***The Door in the Lake*** is a children\'s science fiction novel by Nancy Butts, first published in 1997. It is a story about loss of time and identity.
## Plot summary {#plot_summary}
Twelve-year-old Joey Finney vanishes while camping with his family. When he comes back, he cannot remember what happened during the two years he was missing -- or why he has not grown. Then he starts to have seizures and seems to remember what happened. He believes that he was abducted by aliens. What could be the explanation for all of this?
## Reception
*Publishers Weekly* said that \"the plot is slim and standard issue science fiction (and, in its observations of the Finney household, it may also owe a debt to Caroline Cooney\'s *The Face on the Milk Carton* and *Whatever Happened to Janie?*). Butts grounds the paranormal actions in the details of everyday life, and wraps up the story with a water-tight climax. An agreeable diversion for UFO enthusiasts.\"
Carrie Schadle in her review for *School Library Journal* said that \"the action and resolution of the story are fairly compressed and taut, and as for the believability---who\'s to say?---we\'re talking alien abduction here, but the details are convincingly written.\" She also voiced concerns about the main character meeting someone he has met on-line, after concealing this from his parents - \"be aware that this one element can all too often lead to tragedy in the real world.\"
*Kirkus Reviews* said that \"Although the plot is disjointed and contrivance-driven, Joey\'s feeling of dislocation, and the discomfort others feel in his presence, is credibly presented\... it\'s rare to find stories for young people about closer encounters that aren\'t played for laughs.\"
This novel was a Scholastic Book Club selection and was also chosen by the ALA as a Quick Pick for Reluctant Readers
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# Cobra Command (1984 video game)
***Cobra Command***, known as `{{nihongo|'''''Thunder Storm'''''|サンダーストーム}}`{=mediawiki} in Japan, is an interactive movie shooter game originally released by Data East in 1984 as a LaserDisc-based arcade game. Released as an arcade conversion kit for *Bega\'s Battle* (1983), *Cobra Command* became one of the more successful laserdisc games in 1984. A Mega-CD port of *Cobra Command* developed by Wolf Team was released in 1992.
## Plot
Terrorists are threatening the free world and have amassed a diabolical force. Only the brave pilot of *Cobra Command* can vanquish the terrorist threat and save the free world from total destruction. The player assumes the role as pilot of the LX-3 Super Cobra helicopter (fictional, but similar to the Bell AH-1 SuperCobra).
The missions go across the New York City streets, the Statue of Liberty, the Atlantic Ocean, Italy, the Grand Canyon and the enemy\'s headquarters on Easter Island.
## Gameplay
The original arcade version is an interactive movie and shooter game, where the player watches scenes as the helicopter flies by the conflict zone. The game screen is represented by the helicopter\'s cockpit, and the player controls a crosshair that can be moved to aim at the enemy forces. The game features a joystick and two buttons: one **Machine Gun** and one **Missile**. The game can be played with 1 or 2 players.
In certain moments, the voice of the pilot\'s commanding officer helps the player out with completing each mission by firing at enemy forces and dodging both enemy fire and natural surroundings, by pressing the joystick or directional pad in the correct direction and at the right time.
If the pilot makes a mistake, the anime sequence shows the Cobra helicopter blown up and the player loses a life. If all lives are lost, the \"Game Over\" screen shows the Cobra in smoldering ruins and its pilot is presumably dead from the crash.
## Development
*Kunio-kun* and *Double Dragon series* creator Yoshihisa Kishimoto designed an entirely new game, *Cobra Command*, using Data East\'s *Bega\'s Battle* hardware. Kishimoto would work later on *Road Blaster/Road Avenger*, made with the same arcade technology. As the Double Dragon saga was made after those LaserDisc arcades, we can see the LX3 chopper from Cobra Command/Thunder Storm at the beginning of Double Dragon 2, and at some point in the gameplay of Road Blaster/Road Avenger arcade as a nice homage, made by his creator.
*Cobra Command* was developed by Data East in co-operation with Toei Animation. It was first published in Japan in 1984 as *Thunder Storm*, then released later the same year in North America as *Cobra Command*.
## Reception
In Japan, *Game Machine* listed *Thunder Storm* on their May 15, 1984 issue as being the most-successful upright/cockpit arcade unit of the month. It remained at the top of Japan\'s upright/cockpit arcade cabinet charts for four months in 1984, through June and July to August.
In North America, *Cobra Command* was released as an arcade conversion kit for the previously unsuccessful *Bega\'s Battle*. *Cobra Command* was more successful, becoming one of the more successful laserdisc games in 1984. In the United States, *Cobra Command* topped the *Play Meter* laserdisc arcade charts from October to November 1984. However, while it was one of the more successful laserdisc games that year, it was not able to achieve mass appeal due to the laserdisc market being in decline at the time.
Roger C. Sharpe of *Play Meter* called the arcade game one of the few \"shining lights\" in the laserdisc arcade market of 1984. They said it \"brought the technology another small step closer to where it will ultimately go in the future.\"
Reviewing the Sega CD version in *Wizard* magazine, Glenn Rubenstein praised the high number of levels and unique interface. He gave the game a B−.
On release, *Famicom Tsūshin* scored the Sega Saturn version of the game 25 out of 40 and the PlayStation version 23 out of 40.
## Legacy
Data East released a second game titled *Cobra Command* in 1988. Unlike the 1984 version, the 1988 arcade game is a side-scrolling shoot-\'em-up.
The Cobra helicopter has a brief cameo in the garage of the Dragon Brothers as they depart in *Double Dragon II: The Revenge*.
The original *Cobra Command* was re-released in Japan for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn in 1995 in a two-in-one compilation with *Road Blaster*, another FMV game produced by the same team.
In November 2009, Revolutionary Concepts developed and published an enhanced iPhone OS version of the original arcade game.
In April 2010, G-Mode released an official port for Windows and Sharp X68030 computers. This product was only available for the Japanese market
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# Power dressing
**Power dressing** is a fashion style born in the second half of the 1970s and developed in the 1980s that enables women to establish their authority in a professional and political environment traditionally dominated by men.
## History
The term *power dressing* relates to a fashion style typical of the business and politics environment of the 1970s and 1980s. Today, the expression \"power dressing\" is no longer commonly used, but the style is still popular. Power dressing arose in the United States in the second half of the 1970s. Power dressing could be analyzed through visual sociology, which studies how fashion operates in the relationship between social systems and the negotiation of power.
The concept of power dressing was brought to popularity by John T. Molloy\'s manuals *Dress for success* (1975) and *Women: dress for success* (1977), which suggest a gender specific professional dress code. Molloy\'s manuals addressed a new kind of female workers entering in a typical masculine environment recommending the skirted suit as a \"uniform\" that would help them to acquire authority, respect and power at work.
## Features
Initially power dressing consisted in a conservative style recalling directly the male wardrobe including tailored suits, jackets with padded shoulders, roll-neck sweaters and knee length skirts. With the power dressing uniform, the female body was divided in two parts: The upper part covered by a jacket to de-emphasize breasts, the bottom covered with a skirt that was a reminder of femininity. These outfits were usually matched with feminine accessories such as silk scarves and discreet pieces of jewelry like brooches and pearl necklaces. Elaborate patterns such as floral prints were rejected in favor of pinstripes, houndstooth, and plaids. As far as colors were concerned, sober, neutral shades such as blue, black, navy, and grey were commonly preferred to bright or pastel colors ones like purple, red, and pink.
## Origins
The origins of power dressing can be found in the Chanel suit of the 1920s. The Chanel suit was composed by a tight skirt and by a wool, collarless button-up jacket, usually with braid trim, metallic buttons and fitted sleeves.
This suit represented a turning point in the way women dressed. In fact, it was the very first professional suit specifically thought for women, which enabled them to look modern and feminine while feeling comfortable. It included traditionally masculine elements which gave women a very authoritative appearance, but at the same time it left space for a refined and sophisticated look. The most important innovation of the Chanel suit was that it was deliberately designed to adapt to the changing lifestyle of women that, during and after World War I, were slowly entering previously all-male environments. This suit encouraged women to try to reach their professional goals giving them comfort and mobility to fit with their independent and active lifestyles. According to the costume historian Harold Koda the Chanel suit allowed women of the time to de-sex their feminine look and to have a more masculine appearance in order to be accepted as equals in the professional sphere.
The shoulder pad designs of Claude Montana were also credited for defining the 1980s power-dressing era.
## Evolution
It was only when enough women were clearly established as authoritative in the work environment, that it was possible to renovate the women\'s suit: no more feminized imitations of men\'s professional garments but suit different in fabric, cut, color and ornament, helping women to show both their authority and their femininity. Wearing a suit did not represent an effort to blend in with men but an effort to stand out and define a clear visual presence. In fact, it was only in the second half of the 1980s that more feminine garments were introduced in the \"power uniform\". For instance blouses were worn with intricate cravat effect neck wrappings, made up in silk or polyester satin foulard.
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# Power dressing
## Social meaning {#social_meaning}
Power dressing discourse was significant in building a new type of working woman appearing in the society at the time. The notion of career woman stepped into contemporary society as women reached high powered job positions, which previously were intended to men. With the help of an empowering self-presentation such as power suits, women were trying to break through the glass ceiling. The development of power dressing was pivotal in bringing to public visibility women in executive or business position. It served as a way to construct their image and to make them recognizable at public society\'s eyes. Women saw this new clothing style as way to detach from the classical feminine meaning of fashion, mainly associated with aesthetics and frivolity.
Power dressing locates power at body level giving a message about women and their profession, enclosing at the same time something about self-esteem and confidence.
## Sexuality
One of the main purposes of power dressing was to reduce the female body\'s sexuality to gain authority in the workplace. According to Entwistle, in western culture female dress is considered to be more sexual than male dress. The feminine body has historically been associated with nature, nurturing, and reproduction, something that can be problematic in most workplaces, where manifesting such sexuality is considered inappropriate.
According to some sociologists and psychologists, the primary function by which most women choose clothes and accessories is to look sexually appealing so that they may attract a partner. Feminists and even Freud have spoken out against this theory, since it has been well observed that both men and women take pleasure in being looked at by others, as well as take pleasure in looking at others, in a sexual context. However, it is only the female body which remains overly sexualized culturally.
Power dressing thus attempts to counterbalance a woman\'s natural femininity and inherent sexuality, with the goal of preventing the sexual misinterpretation through her clothes that might otherwise allow.
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# Power dressing
## In the media {#in_the_media}
### Icons
Power dressing, as a new fashion phenomenon, has its symbols in public figures such as Margaret Thatcher, Hillary Clinton, Michelle Obama, and many more. Margaret Thatcher above all was one of the first to incorporate the spirit of power suits and had a \"reputation as the original female power-dresser\". Her personal style was, according to Vogue, reinvented following Molloy\'s suggestions in order to make her appearance appropriate for the role of Prime Minister.
Margaret Thatcher\'s style sets the rules on how female politicians should dress, which is a conservative, powerful but simultaneously feminine way. Her typical power suits consisted in a skirt suit with wide shoulder, a pussy-bow blouse and the Asprey handbag, which, thanks to her, became famous. Her signature style was to be expressed in the very famous pearl necklace. She was able to pave the way for all those careers-motivated women who were trying to succeed in a male dominated world and like her, they could find support in clothes and accessories to communicate authority and power. Hillary Clinton is a contemporary icon of power dressing: with her pantsuits she is a follower of the Thatcher style.
### Television shows {#television_shows}
Main references to power dressing in popular culture are to be found in 1980\'s soap operas such as *Dallas* (1978--1991) and *Dynasty* (1981--1989). In these TV series typical elements of power dressing, such as padded shoulders and costume jewelry, are easily recognizable. In *Dallas*, together with the typical features of power dressing more bright colors were to be seen. This TV show contributed to the return of strong colors, like fuchsia pinks, sea greens, purples, royal blue and red in a women\'s wardrobe. Also women\'s fashion and business shoes were revisited during that period, changing the pointed toes and spiked heels, popular in the 1950s and early 1960s, with some fashion shoes covered with white satin or canvas and dyed to the customer\'s favorite color.
### Films
*Working Girl*: In this movie power dressing is embodied in the figures of Katherine, the superboss, and Tess, the secretary. Katherine symbolizes a model of business elegance in mid-grey collarless silk jacket with padded shoulders. Her style shows important features of power dressing, but she also wears vivid red dresses, symbol of power and respect. Tess is stylistically the opposite. She adapts power dressing to her personal style making it more feminine. For instance during a business cocktail meeting, Tess wears a long black sparkly dress and a dark brown fur coat, attracting people\'s attention. Tess is *\"the first woman \[...\] that dresses like a woman, not like a woman would think a man would dress if he was a woman\"*. On the contrary, the other secretaries in the movie have a different style. They appear as young and energetic girls and their clothes are the example of some quite bad taste outfits, including leopard skin print jackets, black stripe tights and copious baggy leather outerwear, often worn with gaudy hoop earrings or all gold accessories.
*The Iron Lady*: The movie tells the story of the British politician and icon of power dressing Margaret Thatcher. Starting from her youth and going through all her life, it shows her transformation to become the first British female prime minister
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# Methodist University College Ghana
The **Methodist University Ghana** (**MUCG**) is a private university in Ghana. It is located at Accra in the Greater Accra Region. It was established in October 2000 by the Methodist Church Ghana after being granted accreditation by the National Accreditation Board in August 2000. Academic work started in November 2000 at the Wesley Grammar School campus. MUCG offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs across various disciplines.
## History
At its 37th Annual Conference in Sunyani in 1998, the Methodist Church resolved to establish a Methodist University College. Following thorough preparations and procedures, the Methodist University College Ghana (MUCG) received accreditation from the National Accreditation Board (NAB) in August 2000. Approval for its affiliation with the University of Ghana was granted in October 2002.
Academic activities commenced at MUCG in October 2000. The initial group of students began attending lectures in November 2000, followed by the second group in October 2001. The university was established with the aim of providing quality tertiary education grounded in Christian principles and values. Since its inception, MUCG has played a significant role in expanding access to higher education and fostering academic excellence in Ghana.
## Organization
The university has five faculties. Each is made up of departments which report to their respective deans.
### Faculty of Business Administration {#faculty_of_business_administration}
- Accounting Department
- Banking and Finance Department
- Human Resource Management and Management Studies Department
- Marketing and Supply chain Department
### Faculty of Arts and General Studies {#faculty_of_arts_and_general_studies}
- Languages Department
- General Studies Department
- Religious Studies Department
- Music and Theatre Studies Department
### Faculty of Social Studies {#faculty_of_social_studies}
- Economics Department
- Psychology Department
- Social Work Department
### Faculty of Informatics and Mathematical Sciences {#faculty_of_informatics_and_mathematical_sciences}
- Information Technology Department
- Mathematics and Statistics Departments
- Actuarial Science
### Faculty of Applied Sciences {#faculty_of_applied_sciences}
- General Agriculture and Agribusiness Department.
- Agroprocessing Department
- Nursing Department.
## Campuses
There are three campuses.
- Dansoman Campus: This is the main campus of the university, in an Accra suburb.
- Tema Campus: Satellite campus on the premises of the Tema Methodist Day Secondary School.
- Wenchi Campus: B.Sc. General Agriculture, Diploma in General Nursing, Certificate programmes in Agrobusiness, Agro-processing and Horticulture are run from this campus.
## Affiliation
The university was officially affiliated to the University of Ghana since October 2002.
However, on Tuesday, August 30, 2022, the university was granted a presidential charter to award its own degrees
| 414 |
Methodist University College Ghana
| 0 |
10,065,456 |
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Bathurst (Canada)
The **Diocese of Bathurst** (originally Diocese of Chatham) (*Dioecesis Bathurstensis in Canada*) is a Roman Catholic suffragan of the Archdiocese of Moncton. It has its cathedral episcopal see, Sacred Heart Cathedral, in Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada.
## History
On 8 May, 1860, the Diocese of St. John was divided, creating the Diocese of Chatham. The diocese comprises the northern half of the Province of New Brunswick, including the counties of Gloucester, Madawaska, Northumberland, Restigouche, Victoria, and the part of Kent north of the Richibucto River. This territory formerly belonged to the Diocese of St. John, itself originally a portion of the Archdiocese of Quebec. James Rogers was appointed the first bishop and consecrated 15 August in the same year. On his arrival at Chatham, Bishop Rogers found only seven priests to attend an immense stretch of country. During his episcopate of forty-two years, the diocese greatly expanded; by the time he resigned on 7 August, 1902, he left a diocese of 47 parishes and 51 priests. On the resignation of Bishop Rogers, Thomas Francis Barry, consecrated titular Bishop of Thugga and Coadjutor of Chatham, on 7 August, 1902, succeeded to the See of Chatham.
The steady march of development, facility of communication, and immigration, required the formation of new parishes each year; by 1908 the diocese contained 57 churches with resident priests and 25 missions with churches. The Catholic population in 1908 numbered about 66,000; a large percentage of which is French Acadian by descent and language. At the time, the secular clergy numbered 65 priests, with 5 theological students, and the regular 31 priests and 7 brothers. Sisters, numbering about 200, of several religious congregations, were in charge of various institutions. There were 8 parochial schools with about 1000 pupils, one classical college (at Caraquet) for boys, directed by the Eudist Fathers, with 130 pupils, and 3 schools taught by Sisters under the Government School Law, with about 400 pupils. Two orphan asylums supported 100 orphans, and 4 hospitals are directed by the Hospital Sisters of St. Joseph, among them the government hospital for lepers at Tracadie. The Trappist Fathers and the Trappistine Sisters, expelled from France, have opened monasteries in the parish of Rogersville.
Bishop Thomas Barry served as Bishop of Chatham until 1920, when he was succeeded by Patrice Chiasson, who moved the see to the francophone settlement of Bathurst. The diocese was renamed as such in 1938, before
The next appointment in 1920 was a French speaker. By this time the French were in a majority in the diocese, and Bishop Patrice Chiasson decided to move his headquarters to Bathurst, a majority French-speaking area. The move was complete in 1938 and it was renamed on 13 March 1938.
### Territorial losses {#territorial_losses}
Year Along with To form
------ -------------------------------------- ------------------------
1936 Diocese of Saint John, New Brunswick Archdiocese of Moncton
1944 Diocese of Edmundston
## Bishops
### Bishops of the diocese {#bishops_of_the_diocese}
- James Rogers (1860 - 1902)
- Thomas Francis Barry (1902 - 1920)
- Patrice Alexandre Chiasson, C.I.M. (1920 - 1942)
- Camille-André Le Blanc (1942 - 1969)
- Edgar Godin (1969 - 1985)
- Arsène Richard (1985 - 1989)
- André Richard, C.S.C
| 537 |
Roman Catholic Diocese of Bathurst (Canada)
| 0 |
10,065,467 |
# O'Connor Catholic College
**O\'Connor Catholic College**, formerly **O\'Connor Catholic High School**, is an independent Catholic co-educational secondary day school, located in Armidale, New South Wales, Australia. It was created by an amalgamation of **St Ursula\'s College** and **De La Salle College**. Administered by the Diocese of Armidale, O'Connor College occupies the site of the former De La Salle College and has, as its motto, a quote from St Paul\'s Letter to the Galatians, \"The Fruit of the Spirit is Love\".
## History
The college was formed in 1975 with the amalgamation of two of Armidale\'s longest-established schools -- **St Ursula\'s College** (established in 1882 by Sister Mary Cordula) and De La Salle College (established in 1906).
The college takes its name from Patrick O\'Connor, Bishop of Armidale from 1904--1930 who contributed greatly to Catholic education in the Diocese during that time.
### Controversy
In 2024, a counsellor at the school during the 1970s and 1980s, Allan Keith Huggins, was given a custodial sentence of 28 years for sexual abuse offences against teenage and pre-teenage boys.
## Notable alumni {#notable_alumni}
- Lyall Munro Jnr, from the Aboriginal mission at Moree, attended De la Salle College in 1966 when, at the age of 14, he attained his instructor\'s badge in lifesaving
| 210 |
O'Connor Catholic College
| 0 |
10,065,474 |
# Western Australian Industrial Relations Commission
The **Western Australian Industrial Relations Commission** (WAIRC), as constituted under the *Industrial Relations Act 1979*, conciliates and arbitrates industrial disputes, sets conditions of employment and fixes wages and salaries by making industrial awards, approves enterprise agreements and decides claims of unfair dismissal in the state of Western Australia, with respect to those employers not regulated by the Commonwealth of Australia under the *Fair Work Act 2009*.
## History
The industrial conciliation system, modelled on New Zealand\'s *Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act 1894*, was created in Western Australia in 1900, before the formation of the Commonwealth of Australia the following year. It provided for the division of the colony (later the state) into Industrial Districts (each with its own Board of Conciliation), the decisions of which were subject to appeal to a Court of Arbitration. The first Board of Conciliation did not commence operation until 11 July 1901, and the Court of Arbitration did not first sit until 2 April 1902.
The Court of Arbitration became the Western Australia Industrial Commission in 1963, and later became the Western Australia Industrial Relations Commission in 1979. The scope of its jurisdiction was significantly restricted in 2006 when the Commonwealth\'s WorkChoices legislation came into effect, later revised by the *Fair Work Act 2009*. Of all the states, Western Australia was the only one not to exercise its referral power to delegate further jurisdiction to the Fair Work Commission.
## Jurisdiction
The commission has jurisdiction to hear applications for industrial awards in respect of employees and to vary those awards. It also considers applications to register Industrial Agreements between employers and employees. Where there is an industrial dispute, it will consider applications for compulsory conferences to settle those disputes. The commission can also consider applications by employers claiming unfair dismissal or that their contractual rights haven't been fulfilled.
| 309 |
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| 0 |
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# Western Australian Industrial Relations Commission
## Composition
The commission consists of a chief commissioner; a senior commissioner; and other commissioners as required. Each is appointed by the Governor of Western Australia. Prior to 2019 a commissioned role of President heard appeals made disputing any tribunal orders or decisions.
The bulk of the work is carried out in the commission by commissioners. However, some work must be dealt in separate divisions of the commission. The Registrar of the courts along with the Deputy Registrars operations internally, executives to the state department hosting multiple tribunal (or quasi-judicial) proceedings before Industrial Magistrates (State justice), Public Appeal Board members (varies), Road Freight Transport Industry Tribunal, Employment Dispute Resolution, Occupational Safety and Health Tribunal.
In 2018 amendments to the states Industrial Relations Act 1979 removed requirements for the president role, and thus the president was abolished with all role duties transferred to the chief commissioner. The president at that time, `{{thinspace|Jennifer|H.}}`{=mediawiki} Smith, was dual appointed and a sworn judge to the Supreme Court.`{{which? |date=November 2024}}`{=mediawiki} Notably, former WAIRC President, Jennifer Smith was the only female appointed president when the role became defunct. `{{Incomprehensible span |date=November 2024 |reason=Circa?!?! |text=Circa both roles Smith became the first female senior commissioner appointed in WAIRC.}}`{=mediawiki} The first female appointed a chief Commissioner was (and is currently)`{{as of? |date=November 2024}}`{=mediawiki} Chief Commissioner `{{thinspace|P.|E.}}`{=mediawiki} Scott.
A trifecta occurring when Susan Bastian became the first female Registrar as successor to John Spurling as the dual appointed chief executive officer and registrar of the courts; heading the Department of the Registrar. This department provides the registry handling applications from public, state and local agencies, inquiry or even private hosted administration disputes of`{{what? |date=November 2024}}`{=mediawiki} and provides preliminary conference conciliation aiming to mediation matter resolutions and saving formal court proceeds.
Western Australian Industrial Appeal Court, which hears appeals from decisions of the president (former appeals heard from 2016 or prior), the full bench, and the commission in court session.
The Full Bench of the Western Australian Industrial Relations Commission hears appeals from the decisions of industrial magistrates and commissioners. The full bench was constituted by the president and at least two other commissioners prior to 2019. In the future, it will consist of the chief commissioner and two suitable commission members.
The Western Australian Industrial Relations Commission in Court Session deals with the State Wage Case and other cases of importance that are referred to it. In 2006 the State Wage Case held by WAIRC was the first Australian court to webcast proceedings live to the public. All wage case since and up until 2018 are direct feeds from internal digital court recordings; further to this WAIRC was the first Australian courts to implement Audia digital signal processors from BiAMP.`{{who? |date=November 2024}}`{=mediawiki} Prior to federal formation of the Australian Fair Work Commission the then AIRC`{{who? |date=November 2024}}`{=mediawiki} co-located admin services within the Registry to WAIRC
| 481 |
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| 1 |
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# Electoral district of Goldfields South
**Goldfields South** was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales from 1859 to 1880, including the goldfields within several southern electorates. Rolls were not kept for goldfields seats, voters being able to establish their right to vote by presenting either a mining licence or business licence in a proclaimed gold field that had been held for at least six months. Voters could also appear on the roll for general districts, but were prevented from voting in both their resident general district and the overlaying goldfields district
| 100 |
Electoral district of Goldfields South
| 0 |
10,065,525 |
# Port Authority (album)
***Port Authority*** is the debut studio album by Canadian hip hop producer Marco Polo. It was released on Soulspazm and Rawkus Records on May 15, 2007. It is the first installment of the *Port Authority* series, followed by *PA2: The Director\'s Cut* in 2013.
## Critical reception {#critical_reception}
Timmhotep Aku of *XXL* praised Marco Polo\'s decision to feature \"some of the East Coast\'s finest vets and samples.\" Rowald Pruyn of RapReviews.com described him as \"a one man band, creating instead of compiling.\" Jeff Weiss of *Stylus Magazine* noted that he pays \"homage to the latter Golden Age through scratched hooks, graveyard strings, and breakbeats redolent of worn vinyl and dust.\"
The album was nominated for Rap Recording of the Year at the 2008 Juno Awards
| 129 |
Port Authority (album)
| 0 |
10,065,593 |
# Aramac Airport
**Aramac Airport** `{{Airport codes|AXC|YAMC}}`{=mediawiki} is an unlicensed airport located 1 km from the town of Aramac in remote Central Queensland. The airport is used by suppliers bringing goods into the town and is also used by the locals to fly to major towns or cities in their own planes or by booking a private plane.
If required planes from nearby Longreach or Muttaburra can be booked to land and pick up any passengers
| 76 |
Aramac Airport
| 0 |
10,065,598 |
# Hemchandra Barua
**Hemchandra Barua** (*Hêmsôndrô Bôruwa*), also known as **Hem Barua** was a prominent writer, social reformer of Assamese of the 19th century. He hailed from Dergaon, Golaghat district of Assam. Barua was known by pseudonym ***Bhaxar Oja*** for his immense contributions towards foundation of modern Assamese language.
## Early life {#early_life}
Barua was born on 10 December 1835 to Muktaram Barua and Rupohi Devi at Rajabahar village of Dergaon in undivided Sibsagar district. He was oldest among his siblings.
## Literacy works {#literacy_works}
He was the compiler of the first exhaustive Assamese dictionary *Hemkosh*, where spellings based on Sanskrit were first introduced. It was the second dictionary of the Assamese language. It was published in 1900 after his death under the supervision of Capt. P. R. Gordon, ISC and Hemchandra Goswami.
Some of his other works are listed below:
- \'Ôxômiya Byakôrôn\' (Assamese grammar) (অসমীয়া ব্যাকৰণ) (1859)
- \'Adipath\' (আদিপাঠ) (1873)
- \'Pathmala\' (পাঠ-মালা) (1882)
- \'Ôxômiya lôrar byakôrôn\' (Grammar for Assamese children) (অসমীয়া ল'ৰাৰ ব্যাকৰণ) (1886). All the above four books were accepted as text books for schools and also awarded by the British Government.
- \'Pôrhaxôliya Ôbhidhan\' (School Dictionary) (পঢ়াশলীয়া অভিধান) (1892)
- \'Bahirê rông sông, bhitôrê kûwabhaturi\', (বাহিৰে ৰংচং ভিতৰে কোৱাভাতুৰী)
- \'Kaniyar Kirttôn\' (কানীয়াৰ কীৰ্ত্তন) (1861)
- \'Swasthyô rôkhya ba ga bhalê rakhibôr upay\' (Way to health) (স্বাস্থ্য ৰক্ষা বা গা ভালে ৰাখিবৰ উপায়) (translated)
- \'Assamese Marriage System\'
He was also an editor of *Assam News* published from Gauhati (1883--85)
| 247 |
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| 0 |
10,065,599 |
# Bellefontaine Bridge
The **Bellefontaine Bridge** is a four-span truss railroad bridge over the Missouri River between St. Charles County, Missouri, and St. Louis County, Missouri. It has four 440 ft spans. Construction started on July 4, 1892, and the bridge opened on December 27, 1893.
The bridge was built by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad and is now owned and operated by BNSF Railway. New Jersey Steel and Iron Company of Trenton, New Jersey, served as the contractor for the original construction, and George S. Morison designed the structure. Notably, the bridge was one of the first to use a Baltimore truss design; the nearby Merchants Bridge (also designed by Morison) used a Pennsylvania through truss design and had opened just a few years prior. The truss spans are found on masonry piers, which were constructed atop caissons founded into bedrock below the river.
The structure is the last railroad structure over the Missouri River before its confluence with the Mississippi River
| 164 |
Bellefontaine Bridge
| 0 |
10,065,611 |
# Darrin Horn
**Darrin McKinley Horn** (born December 24, 1972) is an American college basketball head coach at Northern Kentucky, having previously served as an assistant coach at the University of Texas and a head coach for the Division I (NCAA) programs at Western Kentucky University and at the University of South Carolina.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
Born in Kentucky, Horn played guard for the 1991 KHSAA state runner-up Tates Creek High School Commodores in Lexington, Kentucky for coach Nolan Barger.
In college, Horn played for Western Kentucky University Hilltoppers in Bowling Green, Kentucky from 1991 to 1995. He was a crowd favorite, hitting a game-winning three-pointer to defeat the University of Louisville on February 16, 1993, in Freedom Hall. While Horn played at WKU, the team made it to the NCAA tournament three times, defeating Memphis State (led by Penny Hardaway) and Seton Hall in 1993 before losing to Florida State University; losing to the University of Texas in the first round in 1994; and defeating the University of Michigan before losing to the University of Kansas (led by Greg Ostertag) in 1995. Horn played for Ralph Willard and Matt Kilcullen while at WKU.
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
### Assistant coach {#assistant_coach}
Horn served as an assistant coach from 1995 to 1997 at WKU for then-coach Matt Kilcullen before departing for Morehead State University to serve under Kyle Macy for two seasons before departing for Marquette.
He was an assistant coach at Marquette University under Tom Crean. That Marquette team was led by future NBA players Dwyane Wade and Travis Diener. Crean and Horn first crossed paths when Horn played at WKU and Crean was an assistant for the Hilltoppers under head coach Ralph Willard.
### Head coach {#head_coach}
After his tenure at Marquette, Horn was hired as the head coach at Western Kentucky University to replace Dennis Felton, who left for the University of Georgia after three trips to the NCAA Tournament. Prior to his hiring, Travis Diener recommended Horn to the then-WKU athletic director Wood Selig.
Horn compiled a record of 111--48 in five seasons at his alma mater, WKU. He led the Hilltoppers to the Sweet 16, the third round of the 2008 NCAA men\'s basketball tournament, a tournament run that included one of the most celebrated buzzer beaters in college basketball history, a three-pointer by Ty Rogers against Drake in overtime. Their run ended with a 10-point loss to top-seeded UCLA.
On April 1, 2008, Horn was hired as the new men\'s coach at the University of South Carolina, replacing Dave Odom.
On March 13, 2012, he was fired as head coach of the Gamecocks after going 60--63 in 4 seasons with only one postseason appearance.
On April 23, 2019, Horn was hired as head coach by Northern Kentucky University replacing John Brannen who left to take the University of Cincinnati job.
## Coaching style {#coaching_style}
Horn\'s teams are known for their up-tempo style of play, full-court trapping defense and conditioning. While at WKU, Horn\'s teams averaged 47% field goal accuracy and averaged approximately 77 points per game.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Horn is married to Carla Walker Horn of Dickson, Tennessee. The couple have two children, Caroline and Walker. Walker plays college basketball for the University of Kentucky
| 544 |
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| 0 |
10,065,624 |
# Cahiers de doléances
The **Cahiers de doléances** (`{{IPA|fr|kaje də dɔleɑ̃s}}`{=mediawiki}; or simply **Cahiers** as they were often known) were the lists of grievances drawn up by each of the three Estates in France, between January and April 1789, the year in which the French Revolution began. Their compilation was ordered by Louis XVI, who had convened the Estates General of 1789 to manage the revolutionary situation, to give each of the Estates -- the First Estate (the clergy), the Second Estate (the nobility) and the Third Estate, which consisted of everyone else, including the urban working class, the rural peasantry, and middle class and professional people, who were the only ones in the group likely to have their voices heard -- the chance to express their hopes and grievances directly to the King. They were explicitly discussed at a special meeting of the Estates-General held on 5 May 1789. Many of these lists have survived and provide considerable information about the state of the country on the eve of the revolution. The documents recorded criticisms of government waste, indirect taxes, church taxes and corruption, and the hunting rights of the aristocracy.
While the cahiers conveyed the grievances of common people, they were not meant to directly challenge the Ancien Régime. They were instead suggestions of reforms. Still, the writing of the cahiers forced the people of France to think about the problems that France faced, and how they wanted them fixed. The political discussions that raged throughout France were a direct challenge to the current system, as they gave the people a voice, and subsequently the cahiers were used to guide the elected representatives in what to discuss at the Estates General. In essence, they added greatly to a revolutionary air of expectation of the Estates General.
## Cahiers of the First Estate {#cahiers_of_the_first_estate}
The Cahiers of the First Estate reflected the interests of the parish clergy. They called for an end to bishops holding more than one diocese, and demanded that commoners be eligible to the episcopate. In return they were prepared to give up the financial privileges of the Church. They were not, however, prepared to give up the dominant position that the Church held over the other two Estates. They did not intend to allow Protestants to practice religion, and under the revocation of the Edict of Nantes by King Louis XIV, wanted to keep Roman Catholicism the only official religion in France. In the upper clergy, their cahiers focused on the retainment of their power, while the lower clergy had an opinion more closely connected to commoners.
## Cahiers of the Second Estate {#cahiers_of_the_second_estate}
Among the three Estates, the Second Estate\'s cahiers were possibly the most surprising. Many of them proved to be quite liberal in their opinions, 89% voting that they were willing to give up their financial privileges. Although they had, until then, opposed the idea of commoners entering their ranks (as shown by the Segur Ordinance), they finally accepted the fact that merit, as much as hereditary status, should qualify men to hold certain offices (including Military, Administrative and Venal Offices). They also attacked the government for being out of date and the injustice of the Ancien Régime.
## Cahiers of the Third Estate {#cahiers_of_the_third_estate}
Many of the cahiers of the Third Estate were composed using models sent from Paris, and it is probable that cahiers from poorer villages were constrained in expressing their grievances. The cahiers were also highly variable in tone depending on where they came from, meaning that while they are often summarized as raising more sweeping and general complaints about French society at the time, many of the grievances shared were highly specific, such as Parish of St. Germain d\'Airan asking \"That dovecotes be destroyed\...and that it be ordered that those remaining shall be closed in such a way that pigeons may not leave during the times of planting and harvest.\"
The cahiers of the Third Estate spoke out mainly against the financial privileges held by the two other Estates. They were both exempt from most taxes such as the church tithe and the taille (the main direct tax). They also wanted to have a fair voting system in the Estates-General. At the moment, they would be outvoted by the other two orders, who would combine their votes on any issue that suited them. They had double representation (600, rather than 300 members representing them), but each estate had a single vote, and thus having double the representative would only be effective if they were voting by head, and not by order.
| 764 |
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| 0 |
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# Cahiers de doléances
## Usage during 2018 yellow vests movement {#usage_during_2018_yellow_vests_movement}
In December 2018 and January 2019, Emmanuel Macron, President of the French Fifth Republic, asked for a compilation of *Cahiers de doléances* from across the country, which was completed in mid-January. Macron responded to the large number of petitions by calling for self-organized town halls, which took place over the period of January to March
| 67 |
Cahiers de doléances
| 1 |
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# Lason
**Lason** is a provider of document management outsourcing services, including imaging, mail processing, data capture, document DNATM, and output. Lason has 35+ North American offices, with facilities in Mexico, China, and India which provide data and document-intensive organizations. Client control centers located in Troy, Michigan and Toronto, Ontario provide clients with North American-based, English-speaking management.
Lason\'s blue-chip customer base includes many of the Fortune 1000, and spans several markets, including healthcare, insurance, financial services, electronic publishing, and government. The company was listed at number 19 on The Global Outsourcing 100 list by the International Association of Outsourcing Professionals
| 100 |
Lason
| 0 |
10,065,645 |
# Electoral district of Wynyard
**Wynyard** was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian State of New South Wales from 1904 to 1913, including the town of Tumut and named after Wynyard County. It replaced all of the abolished district of Tumut and part of the abolished district of Gundagai. Its only member was Robert Donaldson. The Federal Capital Territory was removed from New South Wales in 1911 and Wynyard was abolished in the 1912 redistribution. Most of the district, including the town of Tumut was absorbed by the district of Yass and the balance was distributed between the surrounding districts of Cootamundra, Wagga Wagga and Albury
| 110 |
Electoral district of Wynyard
| 0 |
10,065,650 |
# The Shake (Kisschasy song)
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{{single chart|Australia|25|artist=Kisschasy|song=The Shake|rowheader=true|access-date=19 December 2021}}
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| 23 |
The Shake (Kisschasy song)
| 0 |
10,065,664 |
# Sekolah Menengah Poi Lam
**Sekolah Menengah Poi Lam** (**SUWA**), known as Poi Lam High School, is a Chinese school located in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. The incumbent Vice Principal of the school is Ling Soon Ching
| 36 |
Sekolah Menengah Poi Lam
| 0 |
10,065,673 |
# John Grady (author)
**John James Grady** (1923 -- 18 April 1986) is an Australian author and academic.
While a senior lecturer at the Newcastle College of Advanced Education in Newcastle, New South Wales, he wrote two text books for social science students
| 43 |
John Grady (author)
| 0 |
10,065,687 |
# Electoral district of Willyama
**Willyama** was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian State of New South Wales named after the original aboriginal name for the Broken Hill area. It included southern Broken Hill and sparsely occupied areas further south. Since 1904 all of the town was in the district of Broken Hill, surrounded by the rural district of Sturt. In the 1912 redistribution north Broken Hill was in Sturt, while Willyama was created to include South Broken Hill, the southern part of Sturt and the north western part of Murray. In 1920, it was combined with Sturt, Cobar and much of the area of Murray to create a three-member Sturt. Willyama\'s only member was Jabez Wright representing `{{Australian politics/name|Labor NSW}}`{=mediawiki}
| 125 |
Electoral district of Willyama
| 0 |
10,065,692 |
# Rocheport Bridge
The **Rocheport Interstate 70 Bridge** is a four-lane (soon to be six) bridge over the Missouri River on Interstate 70 (I-70) between Cooper and Boone counties near Rocheport.
The first bridge was built in 1960 and rehabilitated in 1994. Its main span was 550.7 ft and had a total length of 3017.2 feet. Its deck width was 60.3 feet, allowing for four lanes of traffic (two in each direction) and minimal shoulders. Vertical clearance was 20 feet.
In 2019, the Missouri Department of Transportation received an \$81.2 million federal INFRA grant which provided the remaining necessary funding to replace the rapidly aging bridge. On July 1, 2021, MoDOT selected the Lunda Team as the design-build contractor for the project. The design includes two bridges (one for each direction of travel); each bridge will accommodate three travel lanes and full-width shoulders. Construction on the first bridge began in October 2021. The first was done in summer 2023 carrying both westbound and eastbound, will eventually be only carrying westbound only. The original bridge was imploded on the morning of September 10 of the same year. Fog delayed the implosion by over an hour. Footings of the old bridge were removed by blasting on October 30 and November 14. The second bridge for eastbound traffic will be constructed in the same location as the old bridge. The entire project was completed by the end of 2024. Post offline work with clean up continues through early 2025
| 246 |
Rocheport Bridge
| 0 |
10,065,700 |
# Bronwyn Pike
**Bronwyn Jane Pike** `{{post-nominals|country=AUS|AM}}`{=mediawiki} (born 25 January 1956) is an Australian former politician. She was Minister for Education in Victoria in the Brumby Government, and was the Member of Parliament for Melbourne from 1999 to 2012.
## Early life {#early_life}
Prior to entering Parliament, Pike worked as a teacher, a community services manager and as the Director of the Unit of Justice and Social Responsibility in the Uniting Church. She is also a former Board Director of Greenpeace Australia. Pike has a long history of advocating for social change, equality and the disadvantaged.
Pike has a son, Paul Coats, who is a former University of Melbourne Postgraduate Association President and an active socialist.
## Political career {#political_career}
Pike entered politics in 1999, at age 43. She was appointed the Minister for Housing and Aged Care and Minister Assisting the Health Minister in the government of Steve Bracks. In 2002 she was appointed as Minister for Community Services and Minister Assisting the Premier on Community Building.
In May 2007, Pike became the longest-serving female minister in Victoria\'s history, along with Lynne Kosky.
Pike announced her resignation from parliament on 7 May 2012 which triggered a Melbourne by-election. Labor retained the seat, with Jennifer Kanis narrowly defeating the Greens candidate, Cathy Oke.
### Minister for Health {#minister_for_health}
Following the re-election of the Bracks government in late 2002, Pike was promoted to Minister for Health.
### Minister for Education {#minister_for_education}
On 2 August 2007, newly-appointed Premier John Brumby announced a cabinet reshuffle, which moved Pike from Minister for Health to Minister for Education.
Pike spearheaded the \$1.9 billion Victorian Schools Plan to rebuild and modernise 500 Victorian schools over the four-year term of government. This included upgrades to technology wings; re-equipping science class rooms; building new schools in growth corridors. A key focus of this rebuilding program is encouraging joint-use of school and community facilities in areas ranging from libraries to sports fields. By 2011 more than 900 schools will have been rebuilt or modernised. The program has been tarnished by use of tactics to force school councils to vote for closure or merger of small schools by threatening to limit funds to the minimum amount as well as other tactics.
## Later career {#later_career}
Among her positions since she left politics, Bronwyn Pike is the Chair of UnitingCare Australia and serves on the board of Uniting NSW and ACT. She is a lifelong member of the Uniting Church.
## Honours
In 2022, Pike was appointed as a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in the 2022 Australia Day Honours for \"significant service to social welfare and not-for-profit organisations, and to the Parliament of Victoria\"
| 446 |
Bronwyn Pike
| 0 |
10,065,721 |
# Theophilus Thompson
**Theophilus Augustus Thompson** (April 21, 1855 - Oct 12, 1881) is the earliest documented African-American chess expert recognized in the United States. In addition to competing in tournaments, he wrote a book *Chess Problems: Either to Play and Mate* published in 1873.
## Early life {#early_life}
Thompson was born into slavery in Frederick, Maryland, as were his parents. After emancipation, in 1868, he worked as a house servant in Carroll County, Maryland, but returned to Frederick in 1870.
## Career
In April 1872, Thompson witnessed the game for the first time, in a match between John K. Hanshew and another man. Hanshew, who was the publisher of *The Maryland Chess Review*, gave Thompson a chessboard and some chess problems to solve. Thompson showed an immediate ability to learn the game and master its rules. Thompson\'s fame grew and he competed in a number of tournaments.
He gained lasting fame for his book of endgame positions: *Chess Problems: Either to Play and Mate* (1873). It was published by Orestes Brownson Jr., the editor of the *Dubuque Chess Journal*, for whom Thompson also worked as a servant.
Thompson faded into obscurity soon after gaining prominence with his book, and there is some uncertainty about the remainder of his life. The *Dubuque Chess Journal* closed in 1875 and Brownson Jr. died soon after, leaving Thompson without a job. In 1879, his mentor John K. Hanshew died of TB. Thompson infected himself with tuberculosis and suffered some years. When Hanshew had died, his health was so bad that he couldn\'t play competitive chess any longer. At Oct 12, 1881 Theophilus Thompson died of tuberculosis in his home town Frederick. The death notice was published in the local newspaper, the \"Frederick Examiner\". (Reference: The Chess Drum, notice from April 2020)
The U.S. Chess Center in Washington D.C. hosts the Theophilus Thompson Chess Club in his honor on Saturday afternoons
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# Bursaria
***Bursaria*** is a genus of eight species of flowering plants in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to Australia. They are shrubs or slender trees, often with spiny branches and have simple leaves, relatively small flowers with five sepals, five petals and five stamens, and fruit that is a flattened, thin-walled capsule.
## Description
Plants in the genus *Bursaria* range from low shrubs to small, slender trees and have branches that are often spiny. The leaves are arranged alternately along the branches or clustered and are linear to lance-shaped, egg-shaped or wedge-shaped, sometimes with toothed edges or a notched tip. The flowers are relatively small, arranged singly in racemes or panicles at the ends of branchlets or in leaf axils. There are five sepals that are free from each other, five narrow oblong, spreading white petals, and five stamens that are free from each other. The fruit is a flattened, thin-walled capsule containing ten to fifty kidney-shaped seeds.
## Taxonomy
The genus *Bursaria* was first formally described in 1797 by Antonio Cavanilles in his book *Icones et descriptiones plantarum* and the first species he described was *Bursaria spinosa*. The genus name, *Bursaria* means \"possessing a bag or a satchel\".
### Species list {#species_list}
The names of eight species are accepted by the Australian Plant Census as of October 2021:
- *Bursaria calcicola* L.Cayzer, Crisp & I.Telford (N.S.W.)
- *Bursaria cayzerae* I.Telford & L.M.Copel. (N.S.W.)
- *Bursaria incana* Lindl. (N.T., Qld.)
- *Bursaria longisepala* Domin (N.S.W.)
- *Bursaria occidentalis* E.M.Benn. (W.A.)
- *Bursaria reevesii* L.Cayzer, Crisp & I.Telford (Qld.)
- *Bursaria spinosa* Cav. -- sweet bursaria, blackthorn (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
- *Bursaria tenuifolia* F.M.Bailey (Qld.)
## Distribution
Species of *Bursaria* occur in all Australian states and territories and the Northern Territory
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# Bauera
***Bauera*** is a genus of four species of flowering plants in the family Cunoniaceae, all endemic to eastern Australia. Plants in the genus *Bauera* are shrubs with trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs and have flowers with four to ten sepals and four to ten white or pink petals.
## Description
Plants in the genus *Bauera* are erect or prostrate shrubs with trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs, appearing to be simple leaves arranged in whorls of six. The flowers are arranged singly in leaf axils and are bisexual, with four to ten spreading sepals. There are four to ten pink or white petals, that are egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base and longer than the sepals. There are four to many stamens with thread-like filaments and the ovary has two fused carpels and two styles. The fruit is a loculicidal capsule.
## Taxonomy
The genus *Bauera* was first formally described by Henry Cranke Andrews in *The Botanist\'s Repository* from an unpublished description by Joseph Banks, and the first species he published was *Bauera rubioides*. The genus was named in honour of brothers Ferdinand Bauer and Franz Bauer, who were Austrian botanical illustrators.
### Species list {#species_list}
The following is a list of *Bauera* species accepted by the Australian Plant Census as of December 2021:
- *Bauera capitata* Ser. ex DC. (Qld., N.S.W.)
- *Bauera microphylla* D.Don (N.S.W.)
- *Bauera rubioides* Andrews -- dog rose, river rose (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
- *Bauera sessiliflora* F.Muell. -- Grampians bauera (Vic
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# Pacific Hills School
**Pacific Hills School** (previously named Bel Air Prep) was a co-educational independent school located in West Hollywood, California, serving the needs of a diverse student population in grades 6-12. The school had a diverse international student population with about 20% of the school\'s students hailing from eleven countries on six continents.
There were about 85 students enrolled at Pacific Hills School each year with an average class size of 13.
Pacific Hills offered 12 AP courses, and advanced programs in music, arts and sciences.
In 2018 the school closed permanently
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# Amphientomidae
**Amphientomidae** is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. The presence of scales on their wings gives them a superficial resemblance to the unrelated family Lepidopsocidae (within Trogiomorpha), and both families can pass for microlepidoptera to the untrained eye. The family comprises 100 species arranged in twenty genera
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# International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications
The **International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications** (**ISAAA**) is a non-profit international organization that shares agricultural biotechnology, focusing on genetic engineering.
## Structure
ISAAA operates three regional centers; ISAAA *SEAsia*Center, ISAAA *Afri*Center and ISAAA *Ameri*Center. ISAAA *SEAsia*Center is hosted by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. This center also serves as the Global Coordination Office as well as the home of the Global Knowledge Center on Crop Biotechnology. ISAAA *Afri*Center is hosted by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) located in Nairobi, Kenya. ISAAA *Ameri*Center is located in Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. It serves as the administrative and financial headquarters of the organization.
## Donor organisations {#donor_organisations}
The ISAAA receives funding from both public and private donors. Some of the ISAAA\'s funding agencies and companies include the USDA, US Grains Council, Monsanto, Bayer, two banks -- Fondazione Bussolera in Italy and Ibercaja in Spain, USAID and the Agricultural Biotechnology Support Project II.
## Annual Report on the Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM Crops {#annual_report_on_the_global_status_of_commercialized_biotechgm_crops}
The organization releases an annual publication on the global status of commercially approved genetically engineered crops. The publication is authored by Clive James, the founder and chair emeritus of ISAAA. The annual brief provides research on global trends in the adoption of major biotech crops since they were first planted commercially. Various environmental groups have accused the ISAAA of inflating the size and impact of genetically modified crops in their report. James says that the report is based on a multiple public and private sources and that he considers it conservative.
The 2015 report says that \"18 million farmers planted 179.7 million hectares of biotech crops in 28 countries, a marginal decrease of 1% (1.8 million hectares) from 2014.\" As per International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications (ISAAA)\'s latest \'Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/ GM Crops in 2017\' report, India has the world\'s fifth largest cultivated area under genetically modified (GM) crops. The country with the highest area under transgenic crops, at 75 mh, is the United States.
## GM approval database {#gm_approval_database}
ISAAA documents approved GM crops worldwide and presents them in a database available in the organization\'s website. Each biotech event is featured with a brief description about the crop, trait, transformation method, developer, and summary of regulatory approval. Entries in the database were sourced from Biotechnology Clearing Houses/Regulatory Institutions of approving countries.
## Programs
- [ISAAA Knowledge Center initiative](http://www.isaaa.org/programs/knowledgecenter/default.asp)
- [Support Projects](http://www.isaaa.org/programs/supportprojects/default.asp) - The Agricultural Biotechnology Support Project II (ABSP II) and The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).
- [Special Project: John Templeton Foundation Project](http://www.isaaa.org/programs/specialprojects/templeton/adoption/default
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# David Stein (radio host)
**David Stein** is an American radio show host and DJ. He is the host of *The David Stein Show* (nicknamed \"A Celebration of Life Through Sports\", a show he has hosted in some capacity since 2006. The show focuses on \"paying it forward\", random acts of kindness and encourages its listeners to \"get off the bench and onto the court\" with inspirational stories from the world of sports and from other callers. Stein begins each call by asking, \"What is good in your life?\". After a nine-month hiatus, *The David Stein Show* has re-emerged as a daily podcast, beginning February 20, 2012.
Staples of Stein\'s show include encouraging listeners to perform a weekly \"Random Act of Kindness\", \"Pep Talk Friday\" and the \"Pep Talk Hall of Fame\", where Stein plays pep talks given mostly by sports coaches.
Stein proudly cheers for and frequently talks about the Clemson Tigers. In 2010, Stein began hosting the *Tiger Tailgate Show*, a pregame radio show that can be heard on Clemson football gamedays. Stein also serves as a weekend DJ for The Joy 93.3 FM in Atlanta. David Stein and his wife now co-host a daily morning show about marriage on Christian radio station Victory 91.5 in Atlanta. The name of the show is \"Rise and Stein\", and it\'s focused on marriage, family, and Christian faith.
Stein, who grew up in Philadelphia, spent 5 years on Sporting News Radio from 2006-April 1, 2011 hosting the overnight show titled: \"A Celebration of Life Through Sports.\" Before that, Stein was a morning show host at Fox Sports Radio. Many sports talk radio fans complained about a lack of sports talk, callers that insisted on talking about sports were rudely cut off, or hung up on. This eventually led to his eventual departure from Sporting News Radio.
On April 4, 2011, Stein began a new show which focused on general talk with a positive outlook. The show ended on May 26, 2011; Stein cited a loss of financial backing for the program and reported he was looking into other options to continue the show, including finding new sponsors and a possible move to the podcasting format
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# Emanuel Araújo
**Emanuel Oliveira de Araújo** (24 December 1942 -- 15 July 2000) was a Brazilian historian and editor.
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
Araújo was born in Santo Amaro, Bahia. He taught history at the University of Brasília from 1968 to 1971, when he was removed for political reasons, and again from 1989 to his death in Brasília in 2000. In 1995 he was promoted to full professor; after his death, his colleagues successfully petitioned for him to be named professor emeritus.
At the University of Brasília, he played an important role in the teaching of ancient history, assisted by knowledge of all the major languages of the ancient world: Latin, Hebrew, Ancient Greek, and Old Egyptian. He also researched and taught the colonial history of Brazil.
Araújo also worked as an editor, including at the Fundação Getulio Vargas, the National Archives, and Bloch Editores. He was a co-editor of the *Enciclopédia Mirador Internacional* and the *Enciclopédia Ilustrada do Brasil* and published collections of documents. His *A construção do livro -- Princípios da técnica de editoração* (\"Construction of the Book: Principles of Editorial Technique\"), published in 1986, was influential, and he was head of the University of Brasília Press in 1992 and 1993 and then served on its editorial board until his death
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# Parbati Barua
**Parbati Barua** is an Indian animal conservation activist and a *mahout* (Indian term for an elephant tamer and caretaker). She was one of nine children to late Prakritish Chandra Barua of the Royal Family of Gauripur. Prakritish was the last member of the Rajahs of Gauripur to hold power. She came to the limelight after the BBC created the documentary \"Queen of the Elephants\" based on her life, along with the companion book by Mark Shand. She resided in Guwahati and was also a member of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group, IUCN. She was the sister of Pratima Barua Pandey and niece of filmmaker Pramathesh Barua of *Devdas* fame.
## Early life {#early_life}
Parbarti was born as one of nine children to late Prakritish Barua, the last in line of the Rajahs of Gauripur. Since childhood she had a keen sense of understanding and interest in elephants and spent much of her time in the jungles along with her father. Prakritish was an eccentric hunter and had a supernatural understanding of elephants and had 40 elephants in his royal stables.
He used to take his family on extended trips in the forests with a large entourage that included servants, cooks and a private tutor for his children and his family which consisted of his 4 wives and 9 children. It\'s on these trips that in the words of Parbati herself, she partly developed her interest in elephants. In 1970, the abolition of privy purse dealt a heavy blow to Parbati and her family.
Now not entitled to any of the tax-free regimes and money allotted to them, the line of Rajahs of Gauripur came to an end -- both in terms of power and benefits. Being essentially broke with nothing but his palace and his stable of elephants remaining, Prakritish with his daughter returned to the forests and survived by selling elephants and providing their services to timber businesses directly or through the Sonepur Fair.
At the age of 14, Barua caught her first wild elephant on which her father congratulated her. Since then, she has mastered the art of rounding up elephants and capturing them to be domesticated. Over the years, she has been called multiple times in the jungles, tea plantations and rural areas of West Bengal, Odisha and her native Assam to capture or take care of wild elephants.
## Awards
- **2024**: Awarded the Padma Shri in the field of Social Work
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# Basher Hassan
**Sheikh Basharat**\"**Basher**\"**Hassan** (born 24 March 1944) is a retired Kenyan first-class cricketer who played for Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club from 1966 to 1985. A right-handed batsman, he made 14,394 runs at an average of 29.07.
## Biography
After playing club cricket in Kenya, Hassan made his first-class debut for an East African Invitation XI against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1963. He moved to England and made his debut for Nottinghamshire in 1966 against Oxford University whilst serving the then mandatory period of qualification. Having made 579 runs in 1967 he was forced to sit out the 1968 season when Gary Sobers was engaged. Initially a wicketkeeper, he developed as an opening batsman although he occasionally kept wicket in List A cricket. He was a notable fieldsman; in 1971 *Wisden* said that \"his brilliance in the covers stamped him as one of the outstanding men in this position in the country\" and that his team-mates were \"fired by the example of the enthusiastic Hassan\".
He became a regular member of the Nottinghamshire first team in 1969 and scored 1,000 runs in a season on five occasions and scored fifteen centuries. His highest score was 182 not out against Gloucestershire in 1977. In List A matches his highest was 120 not out against Warwickshire in 1981.
He was notably omitted from the East Africa team (which included Kenya the country of his birth) selected to play in the inaugural Cricket World Cup in 1975. Despite his experience in first-class cricket he was overlooked likely as selectors supposedly made a point of picking players that were currently living and playing in East Africa.
He was 12th man for England in a Test in 1985 at Trent Bridge during the Ashes series after which he retired from county cricket. He was for some years the Nottinghamshire Development Manager
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# Monato Esprit
***Monato Esprit*** is a 3D, fantasy-themed massively multiplayer online role-playing game. The game is currently in the open beta stage of development and was released in July 2009. *Monato Esprit* is free to download and uses the e-currency \"MetaTIX\" as its billing system.
## Gameplay
*Monato Esprit* follows many of the traditional structures of other MMORPGs. Players take control of an avatar (or \"character\") within a persistent world. Characters explore the landscape, delve through dungeons, fight monsters, complete quests, and interact with NPCs as well as other players. Successfully defeating monsters and completing quests yields items and experience points. As characters gain levels, they have the opportunity to use more powerful skills and better equipment. Characters can group together into parties and work together to achieve short-term goals, or create guilds, which serve as long-term social networks.
### Combat
Combat is designed to accommodate younger and casual players. The game features strictly player versus environment action and emphasizes cooperation between players. The interface is simple and primarily mouse-driven, with a third-person perspective and a movable camera. To enter combat, players click on monsters they encounter in the world. Each successful strike results in damage to the monster\'s hit points, while the monster attacks in turn. Characters that lose all their hit points are revived in the nearest safe point, and there is no further punishment for defeat. If a monster loses all of its hit points, it is defeated and can be looted for items. Party members can select various \"looting modes\" to determine how items are divided up.
Each character has a number of skills to augment his or her combat potential. When characters gain a level, they receive a skill point that can be used to buy a rank in a skill. At least one rank is required to use a skill, and further ranks increase its effectiveness. The skills available for purchase are dependent on the character\'s level and class. Each class has its own unique skill roster, with more powerful skills becoming available as the character gains levels. Skills are broken into two categories: passive and active. Passive skills permanently increase the character\'s attributes and are always functioning. Active skills include attack spells, special melee strikes, healing, and temporary enchantments. Using an active skill costs mana, which limits the number of times a skill can be used over a short period.
### Inventory
Characters earn items by defeating monsters, completing quests, and trading with other players. Items are stored in the character\'s inventory, which is divide into a number of bags with 16 slots each. Some items such as weapons take up an entire slot, while smaller items such as potions stack together in a single slot. Each character starts with two bags, and can gain more at higher levels. Players can map items to hotkeys by placing them in their \"quick bar\". Excess items can be stored in the bank. All cities in *Monato Esprit* provide access to the bank, which can hold an additional 25 slots of inventory.
Characters also have 10 equipment slots for items that they wear, which include armor, jewelry, wings and weapons. Character models change to reflect what weapons and armor the character is currently wearing. Weapons and armor have endurance ratings that will lower over time as they are worn during combat. When an item\'s endurance rating reaches zero, it will become unusable. Items can be repaired by blacksmiths in cities at the cost of MetaTIX. Jewelry and wings do not have endurance ratings and never need repair.
Some items can be combined to create new items with alchemy. Characters learn how to create items by finding alchemy recipes. Each recipe includes three to six types of ingredients. The more powerful the item, the more challenging it is to find the necessary ingredients. Common items made through alchemy include potions, which restore hit points and mana. Characters can also find enchantment scrolls that add magical bonuses to equipment. Enchantments can only be performed by Alchemist NPCs in cities, at the cost of MetaTIX.
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# Monato Esprit
## World
### Setting
The game takes place in Monato Esprit, a magical world where the dreams of the innocent have created a paradise of imagination. Monato Esprit is maintained by the Basileus Crystal, which focuses the energy of moonlight to power the world. Dreamers are ushered into the world by the radiance of the crystal to become Archons, a race of humanoids with wings. Archons have built great civilizations throughout the dreamworld and enjoyed a golden age of peace and prosperity.
A short time before the setting of the game, a dark presence descended upon Monato Esprit and infected the Basileus Crystal, allowing Nightmares to manifest in the dreamworld. Nightmares corrupted the harmless plants and creatures of Monato Esprit and turned them into monsters. The Archons must now rise against these monsters to protect their fragile paradise.
Players begin the game as a young dreamer who enters Monato Esprit for the first time. After receiving tutorial missions from several helpful Archons, the player can teleport to Isildra, the first city in the game. From that point, the player is free to adventure through the world as he or she wishes.
### Zones
The world of Monato Esprit is divided into zones, which come in three categories: cities, countryside, and instance dungeons. City zones are urban settlements created by the Archons. They feature a large number of friendly NPCs and are completely free of monsters. Within city zones, players can receive and complete quests without fear of attack. Cities also serve as convenient meeting grounds for parties and guilds. Countryside zones are wilder areas of the world that have become infested with nightmares. Some countryside zones feature small Archon settlements with friendly NPCs, but these areas are not safe from monster attacks. Instance dungeons are special areas separated from the main world and can only be accessed through a gatekeeper. While inside an instance dungeon, characters\' maps do not function, forcing players to find their own way through the maze. The objective for each dungeon is to find and defeat its boss. Although these areas are generically known as \"dungeons\", they come in a variety of visual styles, from catacombs to sunny forests.
### Crystals
The world of Monato Esprit is powered by Crystals, which provide magical benefits to characters who stand near them. Red crystals heal hit points, blue crystals restore mana, and yellow crystals restore both. Because characters\' hit points and mana do not naturally regenerate over time, crystals are a valuable resource for characters who are short on potions.
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# Monato Esprit
## Characters
All player characters are young Archons, a race of winged humanoids. During character creation, players have the opportunity to customize their characters\' appearance, modifying their gender, hair style, hair color, eye shape, and eye color. Players also choose a zodiac sign and season for their characters at creation. Archons receive bonuses such as an increase in attack damage or hit points depending on the sign and season to which they are aligned.
Each player account can store up to three characters at one time.
### Classes
All characters begin the game as a \"Novice\" until fifth level, at which point the player chooses one of six specialized classes. Class determines how many hit points and mana points characters receive each level, what equipment they can use, and which skills they can buy. Characters that have reached tenth level in a class can become \"reborn\" and restart in another class at level one. Available classes are:
- **Hwarang** -- The elite warriors of Monato Esprit, focusing on offensive melee combat. They fight with two-handed swords for maximum damage, and wear metal armor. Their skills include powerful sword strikes and elemental attacks. The class is based on the historical warrior society of Korea.
- **Templar** -- A society of powerful guardians who are charged with defending temples and other holy places. Templars specialize in defensive combat, wielding swords and shields and wearing metal armor. Their skills include powerful strikes as well as defensive enchantments that make them almost impossible to injure. The class is based on the medieval military order.
- **Mage** -- Masters of the four elements, Mages wield destructive magic. Their skills include long-range attack spells as well as enchantments that augment their offensive potential. They are physically weak, however, and only wear cloth armor. Their staffs serve as melee weapons and also increase the power of their spells.
- **Cleric** -- Holy caretakers of the dreamworld, Clerics use the healing power of dreams to protect and restore the wounded. This class serves a vital support role in any party, casting enchantments to protect and heal party members. Clerics are not particularly suited to melee combat. They wear cloth armor and wield wands that heighten the power of their magic.
- **Sheriff** -- These dedicated peace officers bring justice to the wild places in the dreamworld. Sheriffs specialize in long-range combat with firearms, and are the only Archons who are trained to use them. This class is based on the gunslinger archetype of the American Old West.
- **Harlequin** -- Cunning rogues who wander the dreamworld in search of adventure. Harlequins are known as much for their showmanship as their power, fighting with such daring that every combat becomes a work of art. This class is loosely based on the comical theater characters.
## In-game economy {#in_game_economy}
*Monato Esprit* is the first MMO to use the e-currency MetaTIX. Players purchase MetaTIX and use them like admission tickets to gain entrance to special areas in the world and purchase various services such as teleportation. MetaTIX also serve as the in-game currency for the world of *Monato Esprit*, much like \"gold\" in other MMOs, and can be used to purchase items from other players. There are no merchant NPCs in the game world, so all trade is conducted between players. This system allows the player community to determine items\' value and regulate the economy without developer interference.
The economic system in *Monato Esprit* is based on the research of Edward Castronova into the real world economy at work in *EverQuest*. Castronova discovered that a unit of currency in Norrath was worth more than the Yen or Lira, and playing *EverQuest* yielded more wealth per hour than the average wage of a Bulgarian worker. While other MMOs such as *EverQuest* and *World of Warcraft* attempt to restrict players from earning profit through gaming, *Monato Esprit* has built the concept into the game itself. Players can use the profits they earn in *Monato Esprit* to buy and play new games that accept the currency.
## Production
*Monato Esprit* is under development by the Korean company Gamasoft. The English language release is being published by Reality Gap, Inc. The Russian language release in being published by IT Territory, LLC (part of Astrum Online Entertainment holding). The game is currently in the open beta stage of production
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# J. Arunkumar
**Jagadeesh Arunkumar** (born 18 January 1975) is an Indian cricket coach and former player. He served as head coach of the United States national cricket team from 2020 to 2022. He played for Karnataka from 1993 to 2008 as a right-handed opening batsman and also played one Indian Premier League (IPL) season for Royal Challengers Bangalore.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
He played in more than 100 first-class games, scoring 7,208 runs including 20 centuries. He had previously represented India on Under 19 tours of South Africa and England. He also played for the Bangalore Royal Challengers in the 2008 Indian Premier League.
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
Arunkumar was appointed as batting coach of the Karnataka State Ranji Trophy team on 24 July 2012 where Karnataka had won back-to-back winning the Ranji Trophy, the Irani Cup and the Vijay Hazare Trophy in 2013-14 and 2014--15.
Arunkumar was named Kings XI Punjab\'s batting coach for the 2017 IPL season. He was appointed head coach of Puducherry cricket team for 2019--20 Ranji Trophy but left midway through the season due to disagreement Cricket Association of Pondicherry officials over his health.
In April 2020, Arunkumar was appointed as the head coach of United States national cricket team replacing interim coach James Pamment after USA Cricket chose not to renew contracts of their support staff. His tenure ended in December 2022 just prior to the end of his three-year contract
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# Roger Broughton
**Roger Dean Broughton** (7 October 1958, Gisborne -- 25 August 2004, Hiruharama) was a New Zealand cricketer who played 21 first-class matches and 16 limited-overs for the Northern Districts Knights in the 1980s. He also played for Poverty Bay in the Hawke Cup. A right-handed batsman, he scored one century and three half-centuries in first-class cricket at an average of 22.56
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# Samuel Robbins Brown
Rev. **Samuel Robbins Brown** D.D. (June 16, 1810 -- June 20, 1880) was an American missionary to China and Japan with the Reformed Church in America.
## Birth and education {#birth_and_education}
Brown was born in East Windsor, Connecticut. He graduated from Yale College in 1832, studied theology in Columbia, South Carolina and as a member of the first graduating class of Union Theological Seminary, and taught for four years (1834--38) at the New York Institution for the Deaf and Dumb.
## China
In 1838, he went to Guangzhou and opened, for the Morrison Education Society, the first Protestant School in the Chinese Empire---a school in which were taught Yung Wing and other pupils who afterward came to the United States. The several annual reports on this school were published in The Chinese Repository for 1840 to 1846, to which he contributed some of his papers on Chinese subjects.
## Return to America {#return_to_america}
After nine years\' service, his wife\'s health failing, Brown returned to the United States and became a pastor at Sand Beach Church and teacher of boys at Owasco Outlet, near Auburn (1851--59). He worked for the formation of a college for women, which was situated first in Auburn and then in Elmira, New York and now known as Elmira College. Brown was responsible for sponsoring Yung Wing (1828--1912); the first Chinese student to graduate from a U.S. university, graduating from Yale College in 1854.
## Japan
When by the Harris Treaty of 1858, Kanagawa and Nagasaki in Japan were opened to trade and residence, Brown sailed for the former, arriving on November 3, 1859. On arrival, Brown shared residential accommodation with the family of the Presbyterian medical missionary Dr. James Curtis Hepburn, then residing at Jobutsuji in Kanagawa, a dilapidated temple formerly occupied by the Dutch consulate.
Brown and Hepburn, both benefiting from the experience of living and working in China, were noted pioneers in the study of the Japanese language. In collaboration with Dr. Hepburn and others, Brown made substantial contributions to the translation of the New Testament into Japanese. Brown was also a gifted teacher, Ernest Satow, then a student interpreter at the British legation, who many years later became British Consul to Japan, described the Japanese language lessons received from Brown to be, \"of the greatest value.\"
Brown began presiding at Christian ecumenical religious services held at the Jobutsuji in Kanagawa from the second Sunday after his arrival in November 1859. In July 1860, at the request of English-speaking merchants in Yokohama, Brown begun to preach regularly at Sunday morning service that attracted 30 to 40 congregants each week.
In 1861 Brown also contributed to drawing up the plans and specifications for the British Anglican Garrison Church built on Lot 105 in the foreign settlement. The Garrison Church, also known as Christ Church, was the forerunner of Christ Church, Yokohama, rebuilt in 1901 on a prominent position on the Bluff overlooking the Port of Yokohama. On Lot 167 in the heart of the Kannai commercial district, Brown was also able to establish a Reformed Church, later named in 1872 as Union Church, Yokohama.
At Yokohama, Brown also opened a school in which hundreds of young men, afterwards leaders in various walks of life, were educated. Brown acted as honorary chaplain to the United States legation, teaching and preaching for over 20 years. He was one of the founders of the Asiatic Society of Japan and a prominent contributor to early Meiji Period higher education.
Following a fire that destroyed much of his home, personal library, manuscripts, and notes, Brown returned to the United States for a two-year furlough in May 1867. In June of the same year he was awarded an honorary Doctorate in Divinity by New York University.
Brown returned to Japan in 1869, arriving at Yokohama on August 26, to take up a new position as principal of a government funded school in Niigata. The Niigata sojourn was only brief; desiring to be close to his fellow New Testament translators, Brown accepted a new teaching post and relocated back to Yokohama in 1870.
Brown, suffering from ill health, left Japan for the United States in the Autumn of 1879.
## Death
Brown died during his sleep, while visiting an old friend in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and is buried at Monson, Massachusetts, his boyhood home
| 725 |
Samuel Robbins Brown
| 0 |
10,065,922 |
# Mohammad Saeed (cricketer, born 1910)
**Mian Mohammad Saeed** (31 August 1910 -- 23 August 1979) was a Pakistani cricketer, born in Lahore. He was the first captain of the Pakistan cricket team.
## Career
A right-handed batsman, Mohammad was the first captain of Pakistan, before they were awarded Test status. He led Pakistan against the touring West Indies team in 1948-49, when he scored a century in the drawn match, and also led them against Ceylon in Ceylon in 1948-49 (Pakistan\'s first cricket tour) and in Pakistan in 1949--50.
In a career that extended from 1930 to 1954, he played for various Indian teams, including Southern Punjab and Northern India in the Ranji Trophy in the 1930s and 1940s, and for Punjab cricket teams in Pakistan in the late 1940s and 1950s. In all first-class matches he made 2439 runs at an average of 29.74 with three centuries and a highest score of 175 for Northern India against Southern Punjab in the Ranji Trophy in 1946--47, when he captained Northern India to a 195-run victory.
His son Yawar Saeed played for Somerset, and his daughter married the Pakistani Test bowler Fazal Mahmood.
After retirement he served as a cricket administrator and at the time of his sudden death he was chairman of the Pakistan Test selectors
| 217 |
Mohammad Saeed (cricketer, born 1910)
| 0 |
10,065,926 |
# Nikoi Island (Indonesia)
**Pulau Nikoi** is a 15 ha resort island located 8 km off the east coast of Bintan, Indonesia, approximately 85 km southeast of Singapore. The leasehold for the island was purchased by Australian Andrew Dixon in 2005 and developed, with the aid of a group of friends, into a boutique private island resort named **[Nikoi Island](http://www.nikoi.com)**. The resort opened in 2007, and as of 2020 consists of eighteen beach houses. The island has been ranked as one of the best private islands in the world by Condé Nast Traveller and reviewed extensively by the world\'s travel press.
The island has a maximum height of thirty metres, and consists of white sand beaches studded with white granite boulders, with coral reef off-shore. Two thirds of the island is Banyan forest, home to various bird species, while turtles are said to nest on the island\'s beaches.
The resort was built and is operated with sustainability in mind. The structures have been built with the use of driftwood as the main construction material and alang alang grass as roofing. A double-layered roof design improves ventilation and means that rooms do not require air conditioning. Solar panels are use for heating water and a 52.5kWp hybrid solar PV array and 77 kW battery bank provides renewal energy for up to 22 hours a day. In 2017 Nikoi established a 7ha farm following permaculture principles on the mainland of Bintan to provide fresh organic produce to the island.
As part of the operators\' commitment to sustainable tourism, a non-governmental organization (NGO) called [The Island Foundation](http://www.theislandfoundation.com) was registered as a charity in Singapore in 2009 to support the community on Bintan Island. The resort was a runner-up in Wild Asia\'s 2009 and 2012 Responsible Tourism Awards (Mid-size to Small Accommodation Operators category) and went on to win this award the in 2015. The resort has gone on to win or be a finalist in many other responsible tourism awards notably National Geographic\'s inaugural World Legacy Awards in 2014 and the a finalist in the WTTC Tourism for Tomorrow Awards in 2019. Nikoi is also a member of [The Long Run](http://www.thelongrun.com/), a group dedicated to achieving sustainability through the balance of the 4Cs (conservation, community, culture and commerce).
The resort is accessed by launch from Kawal, a small town on Bintan, one hour\'s drive from the Bintan Resorts ferry terminal
| 397 |
Nikoi Island (Indonesia)
| 0 |
10,065,943 |
# Carl Crafar
**Carl Antony Crafar** (born 18 November 1964) is a former New Zealand cricketer who played for the Central Districts Stags in the 1986--87 season. He also played for Wanganui in the Hawke Cup. He was born at Wanganui in 1964 and worked as a civil servant
| 49 |
Carl Crafar
| 0 |
10,065,958 |
# Homen Borgohain
**Homen Borgohain** (7 December 1932 -- 12 May 2021) was an Assamese author and journalist. He was awarded the 1978 Sahitya Akademi Award in Assamese language for his novel *Pita Putra*. He was also the President of Assam Sahitya Sabha from 2001 to 2002.
Despite his rural upbringing, Borgohain also addressed issues of urban life in his writing. In the early phase of his life Borgohain led an almost bohemian existence and the reflection of that particular life can be visualised in many of his early stories. He later became editor for a variety of publications. He also wrote several novels, short stories, and poems.
## Life
Born in a small village in Dhakuakhana, Lakhimpur, Borgohain went to Guwahati after completing matriculation from Dibrugarh Govt. Boys\' Higher Secondary School and joined Cotton College for higher studies. He married Nirupama Tamuli, famous in Assam as Nirupama Borgohain : one of the most popular writers of her generation and an exponent of early feminist writings in Assam. The writer couple wrote a novel called *Puwar Purobi Sandhyar Bibhash*, which is the first and perhaps the only joint-novel written in Assamese.
Borgohain first edited an Assamese weekly newspaper *Nilachal* and later he edited the weekly *Nagarik*. Afterwards, he served as a senior staff member of Bangali daily newspaper *Ajkal*. Borgohain\'s editorial articles in *Nilachal* and *Nagarik* are edited by Dr. R. Sabhapandit and published in two volumes in Assamese.
From 2003 to 2015, he was the editor in chief of Assamese daily Amar Asom; he then worked as the editor in chief of another daily Niyomiya Barta from 2015 until his death.
He returned his Sahitya Academy award in 2015 in protest against the lack of tolerance being created at the Indian society. He died on 12 May 2021 at the age of 88 due to complications from COVID-19.
## Literary works {#literary_works}
### Novels
- *সাওদৰ পুতেকে নাও মেলি যায় (Xaudor Puteke Nau Meli Zay)*
- *হালধীয়া চৰায়ে বাও ধান খায় (Halodhiya Soraye Bau Dhan Khay)*
- *অস্তৰাগ (Ostorag)*
- *পিতা পুত্ৰ (Pita Putro)*
- *তিমিৰ তীৰ্থ (Timir Tirtha)*
- *কুশীলৱ (Kuxilow)*
- *এদিনৰ ডায়েৰি (Edinor Dayeri)*
- *বিষন্নতা (Bixonnota)*
- *নিসংগতা (Nixongota)*
- *সুবালা (Xubala)*
- *মৎস্যগন্ধা (Motsyogondha)*
### Autobiography
- আত্মানুসন্ধান (Atmanuxondhan)
- মোৰ সাংবাদিক জীৱন (Mur Xangbadik Ziwan)
- ধুমুহা আৰু ৰামধেনু (Dhumuha Aru Ramdhenu)
- মোৰ হৃদয় এখন যুদ্ধক্ষেত্ৰ (Mur Hridoy Ekhon Zudhyokhetro)
### Non-fiction {#non_fiction}
- গদ্যৰ সাধনা (Godyor Xadhona)
- মানুহ হোৱাৰ গৌৰৱ (Manuh Huwar Gourow)
- প্ৰজ্ঞাৰ সাধনা (Progyar Xadhona)
- উচ্চাকাংক্ষা (Ussakangkhya)
## Editor of newspapers and magazines {#editor_of_newspapers_and_magazines}
1. Aamar Asom
2. Axom Bani
3. Nilachal
4. Xutradhar
5. Nagorik
6. Xatxori
7
| 443 |
Homen Borgohain
| 0 |
10,065,995 |
# WXCT
**WXCT** (1370 AM, \"Alt 98-7\") is a commercial radio station in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The station is owned by Bahakel Communications along with WDEF-FM, WDOD-FM, and WUUQ. WXCT has an adult album alternative radio format. The studios are located on Broad Street in Chattanooga,.
WXCT's power is 5,000 watts. By day, it is non-directional, but at night, to avoid interfering with other stations on 1370 AM, it switches to a directional antenna. The transmitter is located in the Moccasin Bend district in Chattanooga. In addition to the AM signal, WXCT is heard on 99-watt FM translator **W254DB** at 98.7 MHz.
## History
On December 31, 1940, the station signed on as **WDEF**. It originally broadcast at 1400 kilocycles and was moved to 1370 in the late 1940s. It has long been the sister station to WDEF-FM and was co-owned with WDEF-TV, before the TV station was spun off to other owners in 1990s.
On October 30, 2016, WDEF changed its call sign to **WXCT**. It had been simulcast with country music station 97.3 WUUQ.
On November 14, 2016 at 8 a.m. WXCT dropped the WUUQ simulcast and changed its format to adult album alternative, branded as \"Alt 93.9.\" It began a simulcast on FM translator **W230CN** at 93.9 FM.
On September 1, 2017, WXCT changed its FM translator frequency from 93.9 MHz to 98.7 MHz, as **W254DB** and rebranded as \"ALT 98-7
| 233 |
WXCT
| 0 |
10,066,009 |
# Tommy Cook (sportsman)
**Thomas Edwin Reed Cook** (5 January 1901 -- 15 January 1950) was an English sportsman. He played professional football, playing as a centre-forward and additionally had a substantial career in First-Class cricket primarily as a batsman.
## Football career {#football_career}
Cook commenced his football career with his home-town club Cuckfield Town. In 1921 he signed as an amateur with Football League Third Division South club Brighton & Hove Albion and turned professional in 1923 and remained with Brighton & Hove until 1930. Cook remains Brighton\'s all-time top scorer, with 123 goals from 209 games played. In 1930 he moved on to Kent League club Northfleet United remaining for one season. Thereafter he moved on in 1931 for two seasons with Football League Third Division South Bristol Rovers after which, aged 32, he retired from football and focused on his cricket career.
In February 1925 Cook became Brighton\'s first player to play for England after he made one appearance for England in a British Home Championship match against Wales.
In June 1947 Cook returned to Brighton & Hove Albion as team manager but after a few difficult months in which the team won only 3 from 17 matches he lost his job.
## Cricket career {#cricket_career}
Primarily a right-handed batsman and also an occasional right-arm medium pace bowler he was recruited to Sussex County Cricket Club after being spotted playing for Cuckfield\'s second X1. Cook played 460 first-class games over a 15 year career for Sussex. He scored 20,198 runs with 32 centuries and a highest score of 278 runs. As a bowler he took 60 wickets with one 5 wicket innings. He was prolific in the seasons of 1933 and 1934 when Sussex were County Championship runners-up.
## Non-sporting life {#non_sporting_life}
Born in Cuckfield, Sussex Cook married twice. Firstly in 1925, then after divorce in April 1931 he remarried later that same year.
Cook served in both world wars. In World War I he enlisted into the Royal Navy when only 16 years old and while serving in Russia he won a medal after diving into the freezing sea to save a shipmate\'s life. In World War 2 he signed-up to the Royal Air Force and in 1943, when attached to the South African Air Force, was involved in an air training crash in which he suffered physical and mental injuries and was hospitalised for six months.
He died by taking his own life in 1950, overdosing on sleeping pills, ten days after his 49th birthday
| 420 |
Tommy Cook (sportsman)
| 0 |
10,066,029 |
# Matokie Slaughter
**Matokie Worrell Slaughter** (December 21, 1919 -- December 31, 1999), sometimes known as **\"Tokie\" Slaughter**, was an American clawhammer banjo player.
Born in Pulaski, Virginia, to a large musical family, Slaughter performed regularly with her family on local radio in the 1940s. She and her sister Virgie (later Virgie Worrel Richardson) also appeared regularly at local fiddler\'s conventions. She was discovered by the larger old-time music community when some of her recordings appeared on Charles Faurot\'s clawhammer banjo anthologies during the 1960s. Later, she made many appearances at folk music festivals and workshops throughout the US and formed a band called **Matokie Slaughter & The Back Creek Buddies** with her sister Virgie and old-time music revivalist Alice Gerrard. The band issued a cassette-only release, *Saro*, in 1990.
Slaughter is known for her unique, driving style of clawhammer banjo playing, with complex noting and double-noting and featuring both uppicking and downpicking. She also occasionally played fiddle.
During the 1990s, San Francisco artist Margaret Kilgallen began drawing freight-train graffiti using the name \"Matokie Slaughter\" as an homage to the original Matokie Slaughter. A fictionalized version of Matokie Slaughter also figured prominently in many of Kilgallen\'s non-graffiti artworks. She died ten days after her 80th birthday in 1999.
- [\"Femme Vital: Margaret Kilgallen Hand in Hand\"](http://www.superxmedia.com/issue22/margaret/indexm.html) `{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060906213339/http://www.superxmedia.com/issue22/margaret/indexm.html |date=2006-09-06 }}`{=mediawiki} by Michele Lockwood, *Super X Media* #2.2, 1998.
- [\"Margaret Kilgallen, Gallery 16\"](http://gallery16.com/gallery16/html/press_gal16.html)`{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}`{=mediawiki} by Maria Porges, *ArtForum*, May 1997
| 243 |
Matokie Slaughter
| 0 |
10,066,042 |
# Hem Barua
**Hem Barua** was a prominent Assamese poet and politician from Assam.
## Early life {#early_life}
Born on 22 April 1915, at Tezpur, Hem Barua obtained his M.A. degree from Calcutta University in 1938 and joined the J.B. College, Jorhat, in 1941 as lecturer in Assamese and English. He left it next year during the Quit India Movement and was imprisoned in 1943. On his release, he joined the B. Borooah College, Guwahati, and later became its Principal.
## Literary career {#literary_career}
Hem Barua was the author of several books. He became the President of the Asam Sahitya Sabha in its annual session held at Dhubri in 1972 and was regarded as one of the pioneers of modern literary movement in Assam.
## Political career {#political_career}
Hem Barua left the Congress in 1948 and became a member of the Socialist party. Later he was elected as the National Executive of the Praja Socialist Party. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Gauhati in 1957, 1962 and 1967 and from Mangaldoi in 1967. He was the member of the Lok Sabha till December 1970
| 186 |
Hem Barua
| 0 |
10,066,048 |
# Flash cut
A **flash cut**, also called a **flash cutover**, is an immediate change in a complex system, with no phase-in period.
In the United States, some telephone area codes were split or overlaid immediately, rather than being phased in with a permissive dialing period. An example is telephone area code 213, which serves downtown Los Angeles and its immediate environs, split in January 1951 into 213 and 714 all at once. Another example is an immediate switch from an analog television channel to a digital television channel on the same frequency, where the two cannot operate in parallel without interference.
A flash cut can also define a procedure in which multiple components of computer infrastructure are upgraded in multiple ways, all at once, with no phase-in period.
In film, an extremely brief shot, sometimes as short as one frame, which is nearly subliminal in effect. Also a series of short staccato shots that create a rhythmic effect
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Flash cut
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