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Curly Top was banned in Denmark for "unspecified corruption", but in China, Madame Chiang Kai-shek requested repeat private screenings. The film was one of the last Fox films released before the studio became 20th Century Fox. Accolades The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: 2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs: "Animal Crackers in My Soup" – Nominated See also Shirley Temple filmography References Footnotes Works cited Bibliography The author comments on the father figure in Temple films. In her essay "Cuteness and Commodity Aesthetics: Tom Thumb and Shirley Temple", Lori Merish examines 'the cult of cuteness' in America.
External links Category:1935 films Category:American films Category:American black-and-white films Category:Films about orphans Category:Films directed by Irving Cummings Category:Fox Film films Category:American romantic musical films Category:1930s romantic musical films Category:Films scored by Arthur Lange
Herbert Fisk Johnson Jr. (November 15, 1899 – December 13, 1978), was an American businessman and manufacturer. He was the grandson of company founder Samuel Curtis Johnson. He was the third generation of his family to lead S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc of Racine, WI. Cornell He graduated from Cornell University in 1922. He was an active board member from 1947 to 1972, an emeritus board member from 1972 to 1978, a Presidential Councillor and one of the university's preeminent benefactors. He was a member of the Chi Psi fraternity. The I. M. Pei designed Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art on the Cornell campus is named for him.
SC Johnson & Son Johnson took over leadership of SC Johnson & Son from his father Herbert Fisk Johnson Sr. and served as its president. He passed it to his son, Samuel Curtis Johnson Jr.. Johnson Wax Administration Building In 1936, he hired Frank Lloyd Wright to design a new administration building for his company in Racine, Wisconsin. His home Soon after the commission for the administration building, Johnson commissioned Wright to build him a home on nearby farmland. The result, known as Wingspread, was built in 1938-39 near Racine, Wisconsin. It was donated by Johnson and his wife, Irene Purcell to The Johnson Family Foundation in 1959 as an international educational conference facility.
Film In 1935 Johnson flew from Milwaukee to Fortaleza, Ceará, in an amphibious twin-engine Sikorsky S-38. The trip was to learn more about the carnauba palm tree (Copernicia prunifera) of north eastern Brazil which produced carnauba wax, one of the main products of his company, and to determine whether groves of these trees could produce enough to meet future demand. This led to investments in Brazil, establishment of a subsidiary in 1960, and eventually to the foundation of the Serra das Almas Private Natural Heritage Reserve to protect an area of the caatinga biome including wild carnauba palms. His 1935 two month, 7,500 mile journey to northeastern Brazil as well as his somewhat difficult relationship with his son, Samuel Curtis Johnson Jr., was documented in his son's 2001 film Carnuba: A Son's Memoir.
The film includes footage from a repeat of that journey that the Johnson family undertook in 1998. Personal life Johnson was married three times. He married his first wife, the former Gertrude Brauner, daughter of Cornell University professor Olaf Brauner, in 1923. They were the parents of three children, Karen (b. 16 May 1924), Henrietta (b. 16 April 1927) and Samuel Curtis Jr.(b. 2 March 1928). Herbert and Gertrude were divorced about 1931; their middle daughter Henrietta also died in 1931 (30 March). He later married (31 December 1936) the former (Esther) Jane Tilton, the widow of William Clyde Roach of Indianapolis, Indiana.
Jane died from an embolism on 30 May 1938 in Racine. In 1941, Johnson married Irene Purcell, an actress. They remained married until her death in 1972. References External links Summary of Carnuba: A Son's Memoir Membership of Chi Psi Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art Category:Businesspeople from Racine, Wisconsin Category:Samuel Curtis Johnson family Category:Cornell University alumni Category:20th-century American businesspeople Category:Burials in Wisconsin Category:1899 births Category:1978 deaths
Far from the Madding Crowd (1874) is Thomas Hardy's fourth novel and his first major literary success. It originally appeared anonymously as a monthly serial in Cornhill Magazine, where it gained a wide readership. The novel is the first to be set in Thomas Hardy's Wessex in rural southwest England. It deals in themes of love, honour and betrayal, against a backdrop of the seemingly idyllic, but often harsh, realities of a farming community in Victorian England. It describes the life and relationships of Bathsheba Everdene with her lonely neighbour William Boldwood, the faithful shepherd Gabriel Oak, and the thriftless soldier Sergeant Troy.
On publication, critical notices were plentiful and mostly positive. Hardy revised the text extensively for the 1895 edition and made further changes for the 1901 edition. In 2003, the novel was listed at number 48 on the BBC's survey The Big Read. In 2007, the book finished 10th on the Guardian's list of greatest love stories of all time. The novel has been dramatised several times, notably in the Oscar-nominated 1967 film directed by John Schlesinger. Synopsis Meeting, parting and reuniting Gabriel Oak is a young shepherd. With the savings of a frugal life, and a loan, he has leased and stocked a farm.
He falls in love with a newcomer eight years his junior, Bathsheba Everdene, a proud beauty who arrives to live with her aunt. Over time, Bathsheba and Gabriel grow to like each other well enough, and Bathsheba even saves his life once. However, when he makes her an unadorned offer of marriage, she refuses; she values her independence too much and him too little. After a few days, she moves to Weatherbury, a village some miles off. When next they meet, their circumstances have changed drastically. An inexperienced new sheepdog drives Gabriel's flock over a cliff, ruining him. After selling off everything of value, he manages to settle all his debts but emerges penniless.
He seeks employment at a hiring fair in the town of Casterbridge. When he finds none, he heads to another such fair in Shottsford, a town about ten miles from Weatherbury. On the way, he happens upon a dangerous fire on a farm and leads the bystanders in putting it out. When the veiled owner comes to thank him, he asks if she needs a shepherd. She uncovers her face and reveals herself to be none other than Bathsheba. She has recently inherited her uncle's estate and is now wealthy. Though somewhat uncomfortable, she employs him. Bathsheba's valentine to Boldwood Meanwhile, Bathsheba gains a new admirer.
William Boldwood is a prosperous farmer of about 40, whose ardour Bathsheba unwittingly awakens when she playfully sends him a valentine sealed with red wax on which she has embossed the words "Marry me". Boldwood, not realising the valentine was a jest, becomes obsessed with her and soon proposes marriage. Although she does not love him, she toys with the idea of accepting his offer; he is the most eligible bachelor in the district. However, she avoids giving him a definite answer. When Gabriel rebukes her for her thoughtlessness regarding Boldwood, she dismisses him. When Bathsheba's sheep begin dying from bloat, she discovers to her chagrin that Gabriel is the only man who knows how to cure them.
Her pride delays the inevitable, but finally she is forced to beg him for help. Afterward, she offers him back his job, and their friendship is restored. Sergeant Troy At this point, the dashing Sergeant Francis "Frank" Troy returns to his native Weatherbury and by chance encounters Bathsheba one night. Her initial dislike turns to infatuation after he excites her with a private display of swordsmanship. Gabriel observes Bathsheba's interest in the young soldier and tries to discourage it, telling her she would be better off marrying Boldwood. Boldwood becomes aggressive towards Troy, and Bathsheba goes to Bath to prevent Troy returning to Weatherbury, as she fears what might happen if Troy encountered Boldwood.
On their return, Boldwood offers his rival a large bribe to give up Bathsheba. Troy pretends to consider the offer, then scornfully announces they are already married. Boldwood withdraws, humiliated, and vows revenge. Bathsheba soon discovers that her new husband is an improvident gambler with little interest in farming. Worse, she begins to suspect he does not love her. In fact, Troy's heart belongs to her former servant, Fanny Robin. Before meeting Bathsheba, Troy had promised to marry Fanny; on the wedding day, however, the luckless girl went to the wrong church. She explained her mistake, but Troy, humiliated at being left at the altar, angrily called off the wedding.
When they parted, unbeknownst to Troy, Fanny was pregnant with his child. Fanny Robin Some months later, Troy and Bathsheba encounter Fanny on the road, destitute, as she painfully makes her way toward the Casterbridge workhouse. Troy sends his wife onward, then gives Fanny all the money in his pocket, telling her he will give her more in a few days. Fanny uses up the last of her strength to reach her destination. A few hours later, she dies in childbirth, along with the baby. Mother and child are then placed in a coffin and sent home to Weatherbury for interment.
Gabriel, who knows of Troy's relationship with Fanny, tries to conceal the child's existence – but Bathsheba agrees that the coffin can be left in her house overnight, from her sense of duty towards a former servant. Her servant and confidante, Liddy, repeats the rumour that Fanny had a child; when all the servants are in bed, Bathsheba unscrews the lid and sees the two bodies inside. Troy then comes home from Casterbridge, where he had gone to keep his appointment with Fanny. Seeing the reason for her failure to meet him, he gently kisses the corpse and tells the anguished Bathsheba, "This woman is more to me, dead as she is, than ever you were, or are, or can be".
The next day he spends all his money on a marble tombstone with the inscription: "Erected by Francis Troy in beloved memory of Fanny Robin ..." Then, loathing himself and unable to bear Bathsheba's company, he leaves. After a long walk, he bathes in the sea, leaving his clothes on the beach. A strong current carries him away, but he is rescued by a rowing boat. He does not return home, however. Troy returns A year later, with Troy presumed drowned, Boldwood renews his suit. Burdened with guilt over the pain she has caused him, Bathsheba reluctantly consents to marry him in six years, long enough to have Troy declared dead.
Troy tires of his hand-to-mouth existence as a travelling actor and considers reclaiming his position and wife. He returns to Weatherbury on Christmas Eve and goes to Boldwood's house, where a party is under way. He orders Bathsheba to come with him; when she shrinks back in shock and dismay, he seizes her arm, and she screams. At this, Boldwood shoots Troy dead and tries unsuccessfully to turn the double-barrelled gun on himself. Although Boldwood is convicted of murder and sentenced to be hanged, his friends petition the Home Secretary for mercy, claiming insanity. This is granted, and Boldwood's sentence is commuted to "confinement during Her Majesty's pleasure".
Bathsheba buries her husband in the same grave as Fanny Robin and their child. Gabriel triumphant Throughout her tribulations, Bathsheba comes to rely increasingly on her oldest and, as she admits to herself, only real friend, Gabriel. When he gives notice that he is leaving her employ, she realises how important he has become to her well-being. That night, she goes alone to visit him in his cottage, to find out why he is deserting her. Pressed, he reluctantly reveals that it is because people have been gossiping that he wants to marry her. She exclaims that it is "... too absurd – too soon – to think of, by far!"
He bitterly agrees that it is absurd, but when she corrects him, saying that it is only "too soon", he is emboldened to ask once again for her hand in marriage. She accepts, and the two are quietly married. Title Hardy took the title from Thomas Gray's poem "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" (1751): "Madding" here means "frenzied"., or, actually, "maddening". Lucasta Miller points out that the title is an ironic literary joke, as Gray is idealising noiseless and sequestered calm, whereas Hardy "disrupts the idyll, and not just by introducing the sound and fury of an extreme plot ... he is out to subvert his readers' complacency".
Hardy's Wessex Thomas Hardy's Wessex was first mentioned in Far from the Madding Crowd; describing the "partly real, partly dream-country" that unifies his novels of southwest England. Far from the Madding Crowd offers in ample measure the details of English rural life that Hardy so relished. He found the word in the pages of early English history as a designation for an extinct, pre-Norman conquest kingdom, the Wessex from which Alfred the Great established England. In the first edition, the word "Wessex" is used only once, in chapter 50; Hardy extended the reference for the 1895 edition.
Hardy himself wrote: “I am reminded that it was in the chapters of Far from the Madding Crowd… that I first ventured to adopt the word ‘Wessex’ from the pages of early English history… – a modern Wessex of railways, the penny post, mowing and reaping machines, union workhouses, lucifer matches, labourers who could read and write, and National school children.” Puddletown's parish church has significant architectural interest, particularly its furnishings and monuments. It has a 12th-century font and well-preserved woodwork, including 17th-century box pews. Hardy took an interest in the church, and the village provided the inspiration for the fictional settlement of Weatherbury In The Mayor of Casterbridge, Hardy briefly mentions two characters from Far from the Madding Crowd – Farmer Everdene and Farmer Boldwood, both in happier days.
Adaptations Novels The novel was retold by author F.J. Campbell in The Islanders, set in a 1980s/90s boarding school in the UK countryside (published January 2019). Radio The novel was adapted by Graham White in 2012 into a three-part series on BBC Radio 4's Classic Serial. The production was directed by Jessica Dromgoole and featured Alex Tregear as Bathsheba, Shaun Dooley as Gabriel, Toby Jones as Boldwood and Patrick Kennedy as Troy. Comics The novel was adapted by Posy Simmonds into Tamara Drewe, weekly comic strip that ran from September 2005 to October 2006 in The Guardians Review section. The strip, a modern reworking of the novel, was itself adapted into a film, Tamara Drewe (2010), directed by Stephen Frears.
Film Far from the Madding Crowd (1915) directed by Laurence Trimble, starring Florence Turner and Henry Edwards. Far from the Madding Crowd (1967) directed by John Schlesinger, starring Julie Christie as Bathsheba Everdene, Terence Stamp as Sergeant Troy, Peter Finch as Mr Boldwood, and Alan Bates as Farmer Oak. Far from the Madding Crowd (1998) directed by Nicholas Renton, starring Paloma Baeza, Nathaniel Parker, Jonathan Firth and Nigel Terry. Far from the Madding Crowd (2015) directed by Thomas Vinterberg, screenplay by David Nicholls, with Carey Mulligan as Bathsheba Everdene, Matthias Schoenaerts as Farmer Oak, Michael Sheen as Mr Boldwood, Tom Sturridge as Sergeant Troy and Juno Temple as Fanny Robin.
Stage productions Dance Far from the Madding Crowd (1996) is a ballet by David Bintley for the Birmingham Royal Ballet. Musical Far from the Madding Crowd (2000), a musical with music by Gary Schocker, based on the novel. Opera Far from the Madding Crowd (2006) is an opera by Andrew Downes. Plays In 1879, Hardy adapted the novel under the title “The Mistress of the Farm: A Pastoral Drama”. When J. Comyns Carr suggested something similar, Hardy gave him his version, which he said Carr “modified… in places, to suit modern carpentry &c”.
Hardy’s experience of adapting a novel for the theatre was soured by controversy – the managers of the St James’s Theatre, London, John Hare and William Hunter Kendal, on reading the Comyns Carr/Hardy adaptation, first accepted it and then rejected it; instead staging Arthur Wing Pinero’s play The Squire, which appeared to be heavily plagiarised from the earlier script. This enraged Comyns Carr and, to a lesser extent, Hardy. Prompted by Comyns Carr, Hardy wrote indignant letters to The Times and the Daily News. The reviews for Comyns Carr/Hardy’s version, staged in 1882 and starring Marion Terry, were mixed, one critic calling their adaptation “a miniature melodrama… well placed in the provinces”, while praising The Squire’s appeal to “spectators of somewhat refined taste”.
Inspired by the performances across the Pond, a further, clumsy cut-and-paste version of the novel was performed in America shortly afterwards, at the Union Square Theatre, New York in April 1882. The play was panned: according to the theatre reviewer for the American journal Spirit of the Times, it was unfair “to Thomas Hardy, to the public, and to Miss Morris, although she got even by spoiling the play after Mr Cazauran had spoiled the novel”. This experience made Hardy wary of theatrical adaptations and the potential risk to his reputation both from authorised adaptations and from unauthorised ones. In 1909, Harold Evans adapted the novel, with Hardy’s input, for The Hardy Players, Hardy’s own amateur theatrical society, formed in 1908 to perform a production of The Trumpet-Major.
As Harold Evans’ daughter Evelyn wrote: “This pastoral romance presented more difficult problems of staging; sheep had to be sheared on stage in the great barn; the big shearing supper was essential; Boldwood’s Christmas party had to be staged, too, with its tragic climax, the shooting of Troy by the half-crazed Boldwood. Mr T. H. Tilley, a builder by trade, and a most gifted comedian, conquered all these staging difficulties. He constructed a model theatre (now in the possession of Mr Edward Grassby) with designs for each set, so that the Weatherbury (Puddletown) landscape could be faithfully portrayed. A painting of Waterston House formed one backcloth; meadows, fir plantations, house interiors, the others.
Mr Tilley’s rich humour in the part of Joseph Poorgrass delighted Hardy and the audience. My father often chuckled over how Joseph, in his cups, declared, ‘I feel too good for England. I ought to have lived in Genesis by right.’” In the 1909 production, one important scene had to be omitted. Much to Hardy’s regret, the opening of Fanny Robin’s coffin by Bathsheba and her reaction to it could not be staged. At that time, having a coffin on the stage was seen as too shocking. “Years later,” wrote Evelyn Evans, “when Hardy attended a performance of Synge’s Riders to the Sea by the Arts League of Service, and watched drowned bodies carried on to the stage, he remarked wryly that his one coffin containing Fanny Robin and her child could hardly have shocked the same audience.” There was also some unexpected comedy gold in the 1909 production.
Evelyn Evans describes it thus: “To make this pastoral play true to life, my father engaged a professional sheep-shearer to shear sheep on stage during the important shearing scene.
Everything was to be done as Hardy described it: ‘The lopping off the tresses about the ewe’s head, opening up the neck and collar, the running of the shears line after line round her dewlap, thence about her flank and back, and finishing over her tail – the clean, sleek creature arising from its fleece: startled and shy at the loss of its garment, which lay on the floor in one soft cloud.’ The shearer, complaining of thirst, was given unlimited free beer at his task, with the result that above the actors’ voices could be heard a maudlin song, as the shearer sang to the sheep he was fondly kissing and clipping with expertise, becoming, unfortunately, drunker and drunker to father’s great consternation.” In autumn 2008, English Touring Theatre (ETT) toured Britain with a new stage adaptation of Far from the Madding Crowd directed by Kate Saxon In March 2013 Myriad Theatre & Film toured southeast England with their original stage adaptation of Far from the Madding Crowd for five actors.
The show also incorporated some of Hardy's poetry. In 2019, the New Hardy Players (re-formed at the request of Norrie Woodhall in 2005) performed a new adaptation of the novel. Other In October 2016, the first episode of a web series transmedia modernisation of the novel, Away from It All, was released. Based around the antics and video blogs of a group of twenty-somethings working at a village pub, the series was created by Hazel Jeffs. References in popular culture Anime Episode 20 of the anime Kill la Kill, is titled "Far from the Madding Crowd". Music British musician Nick Bracegirdle, better known as Chicane, released Far from the Maddening Crowds, a studio album, in 1997.
In 2000, the New York rock band Nine Days titled their debut The Madding Crowd to express their allegiance to modernity in opposition to Hardy. The Danish metal band Wuthering Heights released a studio album, Far From the Madding Crowd in 2004. Nanci Griffith included the lyric "You're a Saturday night, Far from the madding crowd" in the song On Grafton Street on her 1994 release Flyer. Literature The city of Far Madding in Robert Jordan's The Wheel of Time series of fantasy novels is named after Hardy's book. References External links Helen Paterson Allingham's illustrations for the serial edition, with extensive commentary, from Victorian Web.
Far From the Madding Crowd Map Far from the Madding Crowd on The Literature Network Category:1874 British novels Category:Novels by Thomas Hardy Category:Works originally published in Cornhill Magazine Category:Works published anonymously Category:British novels adapted into films Category:English novels Category:Novels first published in serial form Category:Victorian novels Category:Novels set in Dorset Category:British novels adapted into plays Category:Novels adapted into television programs Category:Novels adapted into operas Category:Novels adapted into radio programs
The Saskatchewan New Democratic Party (NDP) is a social-democratic political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It currently forms the official opposition, but has been a dominant force in Saskatchewan politics since the 1940s. The party is the successor to the Saskatchewan section of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), and is affiliated with the federal New Democratic Party. History Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Saskatchewan Section) The origins of the party began as early as 1902. In that year a group of farmers created the Territorial Grain Growers' Association. The objective of this group was to lobby for farmer's rights with the grain trade and the railways.
The name was changed to the Saskatchewan Grain Growers' Association (SGGA) when Saskatchewan became a province in 1905. In 1921 a left-wing splinter group left the SGGA to form the Farmer's Union. However, the two groups reconciled in 1926 and reformed as the United Farmers of Canada (Saskatchewan Section) (UFC). The first leader of the UFC was George Williams. The Progressive Party of Saskatchewan, a farmers movement, elected six MLAs in the 1921 provincial election as well as in the 1925 election and five in 1929 but were never able to field candidates in more than half a dozen of the province's 63 ridings.
After the 1929 provincial election returned a Liberal minority government, the Progressives joined with the Conservatives to defeat the Liberals and form a coalition government dominated by the Tories. The Progressives disappeared over the course of the next four years and were largely absorbed by the Tories. The rightward drift of the Progressives prompted the UFC-SS to decide, in 1930, to run its own candidates in the following election. In 1931, the UFC participated in the March on Regina to protest against government indifference to the farmer's plight during the depression. During that event the UFC met with the Independent Labour Party, led by M.J. Coldwell, to discuss their options.
From that meeting they agreed to form the Farmer-Labour Group (FLG) with Coldwell as the leader. The new party acquired its first member in the Saskatchewan legislature when Jacob Benson, elected as a Progressive in 1929, joined to become a Farmer-Labour MLA. The FLG participated in the 1934 provincial election and won five seats and became the official opposition to the Liberals. Coldwell failed to win a seat but remained as leader. Founding of the CCF Following the election, the Farmer-Labour Group officially became the Saskatchewan section of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), although it had been known unofficially as the CCF's Saskatchewan wing before that.
In 1935, Coldwell ran for federal office in the 1935 federal election and was elected. Williams took over as party leader. Williams' radicalism caused moderates in the party to believe that the CCF could not form government with him as leader while his unwavering support for the war alienated pacifists, one of whom, Professor Carlyle King, unsuccessfully challenged Williams for the party presidency (but not the leadership) in 1940 gaining one third of the vote. Tommy Douglas, a charismatic federal CCF MP, was persuaded to challenge Williams for the leadership and succeeded in defeating him for the party presidency in 1941 and for the party leadership in 1942.
CCF in provincial government In the 1944 election, the Saskatchewan CCF, led by Tommy Douglas, swept to power. They took 47 out of 52 seats to form the first avowedly socialist government in Canada or the United States. In the process, they handed the Liberals the second-worst defeat that a sitting government has ever suffered in Saskatchewan. Since that election, the CCF/NDP has won 12 out of 19 elections and held power for 47 of 73 years (as of 2017). Arguably, the party's greatest accomplishment was the introduction of North America's first comprehensive system of public medical insurance or Medicare.
The fight to introduce Medicare in the province was intense, due to the opposition of the province's doctors who were backed by the American Medical Association. The AMA feared that public health care would spread to other parts of the continent if introduced in one part. In July 1962 the doctors staged the 23-day Saskatchewan doctors' strike. But despite a concerted attempt to defeat the controversial Medical Care Insurance Act, the strike eventually collapsed and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan agreed to the alterations and terms of the "Saskatoon Agreement". The program was introduced and became so popular it was soon adopted across Canada.
After doing much of the preliminary work on Medicare, Douglas resigned as party leader and Premier of Saskatchewan in 1961 to become the founding leader of the New Democratic Party (NDP). The NDP had been formed by a coalition of the CCF and the Canadian Labour Congress. The Saskatchewan CCF followed suit, and adopted its current name in 1967 after a transitional period when the party was awkwardly named the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, Saskatchewan Section of the New Democratic Party (Canada) or NDP-CCF for short. The turmoil of the Medicare fight took its toll, however, and the NDP-CCF government of Douglas' successor Woodrow S. Lloyd was defeated by Ross Thatcher's Saskatchewan Liberal Party in the 1964 election.
Saskatchewan New Democratic Party The NDP rebuilt itself and went through a painful confrontation between a left-wing movement dubbed "The Waffle" (a name possibly derived from Toronto leftist economist James Laxer's quip that if he was perceived to be "waffling" on a policy question, then he'd "rather waffle to the left than waffle to the right") and the more centrist-oriented party establishment. The party returned to power in the 1971 election, under Allan Blakeney, embarking on a programme of nationalizing the province's natural resources. This saw the creation of parastatal or Crown corporations that drilled for oil (Saskatchewan Oil & Gas Corporation or SaskOil), mined potash (the Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan) and sought hard-rock minerals (the Saskatchewan Mining Development Corp.).
Blakeney's government was heavily defeated in the 1982 election by the Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan, led by Grant Devine. The NDP was cut down to only nine seats, the worst defeat a sitting CCF/NDP government had suffered in Saskatchewan. Despite the size of the defeat, Blakeney continued to lead the NDP in opposition. In the 1986 election, the NDP not only regained much of what it had lost four years earlier, but actually won the popular vote. However, much of the NDP's margin was wasted on large margins in Regina and Saskatoon; while the party won eight seats each in the province's two largest cities, it only won nine seats in the rest of the province.
This left the NDP eight seats short of making Blakeney premier again. In a sense, this marked a turning point for a party that had begun as a voice for rural discontent. Blakeney resigned in early 1987 and was succeeded by Roy Romanow, who led the party back to power in 1991. The Romanow government was more fiscally conservative than previous CCF/NDP governments, and instituted a program of hospital closures, program cuts, and privatizations to eliminate the budget deficit and reduce debt inherited from previous governments. Romanow later quipped that he was a supporter of Tony Blair's Third Way concept before it even existed, and there were many who doubted the party's continued commitment to social democracy.
The NDP's Third Way alienated some of its left-wing members, who left the party and merged with the Green Party supporters to form the New Green Alliance. Recent history In the 1999 provincial election, Romanow's NDP received slightly less popular support as a share of the vote than the conservative opposition Saskatchewan Party led by Elwin Hermanson, a former Reform Party of Canada MP. Romanow and his government formed a coalition government with the three elected Liberal MLAs; one, Jack Hillson, subsequently left cabinet to sit as an independent Liberal in opposition. Jim Melenchuk and Ron Osika remained in the coalition and ran under the NDP banner in the 2003 provincial election, where both were defeated.
Romanow retired in 2001 and was succeeded by Lorne Calvert, who led the party into the 2003 general election. In an upset, the NDP not only retained power, but was able to form a government on its own with a majority in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan of two seats (30–28). However, in what proved to be a harbinger of things to come, all of the NDP's federal MPs from Saskatchewan lost their seats in the 2004 federal election. They had been steadily losing support at the federal level since 1993, when much of their rural support bled to the Reform Party.
The federal NDP didn't win any federal seats in the province again until 2015, when the 2012 federal electoral redistribution allowed them to pick up three seats. The party's tenure in office ended with the 2007 general election, when the Saskatchewan Party under leader Brad Wall won 38 of the 58 seats. Reduced to official opposition leader, Calvert said he had no immediate plans to step down as NDP leader, but would likely not lead the party into the next election. In 2008, Calvert announced his intention to leave the leadership of the Saskatchewan NDP and a leadership race commenced with declared candidates including Moose Jaw MLA Deb Higgins, former Deputy Premier and farmer, Dwain Lingenfelter, doctor and community activist Ryan Meili and former party President and Regina lawyer, Yens Pedersen.
Lingenfelter was elected party leader June 6, 2009. The 2011 election proved a heavy blow for the party. The Saskatchewan Party consolidated its grip on power, winning the third-largest majority government in the province's history. Lingenfelter lost his own seat, thus becoming the first CCF/NDP leader in 60 years to have not served as premier. The NDP was reduced to nine seats, its worst showing in 30 years. With deputy leader Higgins having lost her seat as well, John Nilson was named acting leader. A permanent leader was chosen on March 9, 2013; with Nilson bowing out of the race; second-term MLA Cam Broten was elected the party's new leader.
After the 2016 election, the Saskatchewan NDP only captured one additional seat from the previous election, giving them ten seats opposed to the nine the party won in 2011. The disappointing election results as well as Cam Broten's loss in Saskatoon Westview resulted in his resignation as leader on April 11, 2016. On April 15, 2016, Trent Wotherspoon was chosen by the NDP caucus to be the leader of the Official Opposition for the 28th Saskatchewan Legislative Assembly, and was later elected as the party's interim leader on April 23, 2016. On June 20, 2017, Wotherspoon stepped down as leader to enter the leadership election, and was succeeded by Nicole Sarauer who held both roles until March 3, 2018, when Ryan Meili, MLA for Saskatoon Meewasin and runner-up in the 2009 and 2013 leadership elections, was elected leader over Wotherspoon with 55% of the vote.
Meili, a Saskatoon family doctor, had been elected MLA in a by-election one year and one day before being elected leader. Party leaders † denotes acting or interim leader CCF NDP Election results (Results shown are for Farmer-Labour Group in 1934, CCF from 1938-1960, CCF-NDP in 1964, NDP since 1967.) Current Saskatchewan New Democrat MLAs See also List of articles about Saskatchewan CCF/NDP members Saskatchewan New Democratic Party/Co-operative Commonwealth Federation leadership conventions List of political parties in Saskatchewan Politics of Saskatchewan Notes References External links Saskatchewan NDP caucus site Saskatchewan NDP Category:Saskatchewan New Democratic Party Category:Political parties established in 1932 Category:Social democratic parties in Canada Category:Organizations based in Regina, Saskatchewan
The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines, or simply the University of Santo Tomas (UST), is a private, Roman Catholic research university in Manila, Philippines. Founded on April 28, 1611 by Miguel de Benavides, Archbishop of Manila, it has the oldest extant university charter in the Philippines and in Asia, and is one of the world's largest Catholic universities in terms of enrollment found on one campus. The university is run by the Order of Preachers. UST is the only university to have been visited by three popes four times: once by Pope Paul VI on November 28, 1970, twice by Pope John Paul II on February 18, 1981 and January 13, 1995, and once by Pope Francis on January 18, 2015.
The patron of the university is St. Thomas Aquinas, while St. Catherine of Alexandria is the patroness. The university is composed of several autonomous faculties, colleges, schools and institutes, each conferring undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate degrees, and the basic education units. Several degree programs have been accredited by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) as Centers of Excellence and Centers of Development. Moreover, it was awarded with an Institutional Accreditation by the CHED through the Federation of Accrediting Agencies of the Philippines. In December 2013, the university was recognized to have the highest number of accredited programs in the country by the Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities' Commission on Accreditation (PACUCOA).
Prominent Thomasians include saints, Filipino presidents, heroes, artists, scientists, professionals, and religious figures, who have figured prominently in the history of the Philippines. The athletic teams are the Growling Tigers, who are members of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines and are consistent winners of the Overall Championship. The university campus is listed as one of the most viable sites in the Philippines to be included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, while the Archives of the University of Santo Tomas is listed as one of the most viable documentary heritage to be included in the UNESCO Memory of the World Programme.
History The foundation of the University is ascribed to Miguel de Benavides, O.P., the third Archbishop of Manila. He came to the Philippines with the first Dominican mission in 1587. He went on to become bishop of Nueva Segovia, and was promoted archbishop of Manila in 1601. Upon his death in July 1605, Benavides bequeathed his library and personal property worth 1,500 pesos to be used as the seed fund for the establishment of an institution of higher learning. Fr. Bernardo de Santa Catalina carried out Benavides's wishes and was able to secure a building near the Dominican church and convent in Intramuros for the College.
In 1609, permission to open the College was requested from King Philip III of Spain, which only reached Manila in 1611. On April 28, 1611, notary Juan Illian witnessed the signing of the act of foundation by Baltasar Fort, OP, Bernardo Navarro, OP, and Francisco Minayo, OP. Fort, appointed that year to the post of Father Provincial, became the rector in 1619. The Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario, was established on April 28, 1611, from the Benavides's library. Later renamed Colegio de Santo Tomas, it was elevated by Pope Innocent X to a university on November 20, 1645 in his brief, In Supreminenti.
This makes the institution the first in the islands to be formally elevated to the status of university. Its complete name is The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines (). It was given the title "Royal," by King Charles III of Spain in 1785; "Pontifical" by Pope Leo XIII in 1902 in his constitution, Quae Mari Sinico, and the appellative "The Catholic University of the Philippines" by Pope Pius XII in 1947. This makes the UST the first and only formally declared royal and pontifical university in the Philippines. The university was located within the walled city of Intramuros in Manila.
It was started by the Spanish Archbishop of Manila in the early 17th century as a seminary for aspiring young priests, taking its name and inspiration from Saint Thomas Aquinas, a Dominican theologian. The first courses offered by the Colegio de Santo Tomas were canon law, theology, philosophy, logic, grammar, the arts, and civil law. In 1871, it began offering degrees in Medicine and Pharmacy, the first in colonized Asia. At the beginning of the 20th century, with the growing student population, the Dominicans were given a 21.5-hectare plot of land at the Sulucan Hills in Sampaloc, Manila and built its 215,000 square meter campus there in 1927 with the inauguration of its Main Building.
Also that year, it began accepting female enrollees. In the last four decades, the university grew into a full-fledged institution of higher learning, conferring degrees in law, medicine, and various academic letters. The university has graduated Philippine national heroes, presidents, and even saints. The Medicine and Civil Law courses were retained in Intramuros at that time. During World War II, the Japanese forces converted the Sampaloc campus into an internment camp for enemy aliens, mostly Americans, living in the Philippines. The original Intramuros campus was destroyed in 1944 by a fire started by the Japanese Kenpeitai. More than 4,000 foreigners survived under difficult conditions in the internment camp for 37 months from January 1942 until February 1945 when the camp was liberated by American soldiers.
Since its establishment in 1611, the University's academic life was interrupted only twice: from 1898 to 1899, during the Philippine Revolution against Spain, and from 1942 to 1945, during the Japanese occupation of the country. In its long history, the university has been under the leadership of more than 90 Rectors. UST's first Filipino rector was Fr. Leonardo Legaspi, O.P. who served UST from 1971 to 1977. In recognition of its achievements, a number of important dignitaries have officially visited the university, among them, during the last four decades: Pope Paul VI on November 28, 1970; King Juan Carlos I of Spain in 1974 and 1995; Mother Teresa of Calcutta in January 1977 and again in November 1984; Pope John Paul II on February 18, 1981 and January 13, 1995 (as part of the World Youth Day 1995); Queen Sofia of Spain in July 6, 2012.
In January 1997, Chiara Lubich, foundress of the Focolare Movement also visited the University and was awarded an 'Honoris Causa' Degree in Sacred Theology. On January 18, 2015, Pope Francis also visited the university for the meeting with the students. On the 2015–2016 academic year, UST had 44,791 students enrolled, up by 2.2 percent from last year's 43,818 Campus The University sits on an almost perfect square of 21.5 hectares bounded by España Boulevard, P. Noval St., A.H. Lacson Ave. and Dapitan St. in Sampaloc, Manila. The University transferred to its present campus in 1927 when the Dominicans deemed the Intramuros campus inadequate for the University's growing population.
The first structures in the campus were the imposing Main Building, the Santisimo Rosario Parish church, the UST Gym (once the largest gym in the country), and the Arch of the Centuries. The campus at present boasts a mixture of old and new architecture with the inclusion of the UST multi-deck carpark which houses the Alfredo M. Velayo College of Accountancy, and the UST Sports Complex, the second modern sports facility to be constructed by a UAAP member school. The Central Seminary was built in the 1930s and was designed by Fernando Ocampo. The plan of the seminary was configured in the form of the letter E, with courtyards bisecting the wings.
The boxy building had an elongated frontage assembling a continuous band of balconies and windows on the second and third level. The structure's horizontally-oriented massing was broken by an engaged central section at the main entrance and two other similar treatments at the end portions. An art deco relief, bud-like finials, and a tableau embellished the stepped pylon at the entrance. The Engineering and Architecture Building, now called Roque Ruaño Building was built in 1952, designed by Julio Victor Rocha, initiated the application of the Niemeyer-inspired brise soleil in local buildings. The façade of the three-storey building displayed a continuous sun breaker that protected its second and third-storey windows.
The trend for brise soleil followed the character of the building, which created many variations. Other new structures include the Beato Angelico Building which houses the College of Architecture and College of Fine Arts and Design, the Plaza Mayor, the UST Quadricentennial Square and Alumni Park, Thomas Aquinas Research Complex, the UST Tan Yan Kee Student Centre, and the recently-built, 12-Floor Buenaventura Garcia Paredes, O.P. Building (UST Alumni Center) which houses students from the Faculty of Arts and Letters and the College of Tourism and Hospitality Management. The streets of the University were non-existent until March 1960. The prominent university streets are Intramuros Drive, Quezon Drive, and Osmeña Drive.
The UST Manila campus was declared a National Historical Landmark by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines on 24 May 2011. Four of the University's structures are also declared National Cultural Treasures by the National Museum: Main Building, Arch of the Centuries, Santissimo Rosario Central Seminary, as well as the Grandstand and the University field. UST is the first and only university campus to have been named a National Historical Landmark and the only learning institution in the Philippines as location of National Cultural Treasures. The Integration of UST start in 2017 the Angelicum College in Quezon City will become UST Angelicum College and Aquinas University of Legazpi will become UST-Legazpi (32 Hectares) through the memoradum of agreement signed by the both officials and soon the Angelicum School of Iloilo will become UST Iloilo (25 Hectares).
The University has started to develop upcoming campuses in Santa Rosa City (45 Hectares), General Santos City (82 Hectares), and Negombo, Sri Lanka, (5 Hectares). The University is also in the process of establishing a presence in Mongolia. In 2011, the University celebrated its 400th founding anniversary, and it is projected that the new campuses will be operational by then. Organization Basic education The University of Santo Tomas Elementary School used to offer primary education for children in the K-12 levels, but before the Quadricentennial Celebration of the University, the school started denying applications from the K-Level, until the last batch of Grade 6 students who would graduate on AY 2010–2011 are left.
The UST Elementary School, after finishing the last batch of its students in the UST Sampaloc Campus, will be transferred to the new UST Campus in Santa Rosa City, Laguna. UST has three secondary institutions: The UST Junior High School, the UST Education High School which serves as a laboratory for the College of Education, and the UST Senior High School. All students of these institutions undergo Citizenship Advancement Training, while the students from first to third year level of the UST Junior High School undergo scouting under the Boy Scouts of the Philippines for the boys and the Girl Scouts of the Philippines for the girls.
The scouting program aims to instill nationalism and discipline among the students while the Citizenship Advancement Training aims to introduce students to the National Service Training Program that college students undergo. Aside from the basic and major subjects, all undergraduate students are required to take 15 units (tuition-free) of Theology classes. The students are also required to attend 4 physical education classes, and a choice from among ROTC, civil welfare training service, and literacy training service. Undergraduate studies The different faculties, colleges and institutes of the University were created at different times in the University's history. The "Faculties" were founded before the American occupation of the early 20th century, while the "Colleges" were founded during and after American rule.
The "Institutes" and "Departments" are found within their mother faculties/colleges. Some Institutes that attained enough enrollment were separated from their mother faculties/colleges and were made into colleges in their own right. According to the University's Admission Head, Marie Ann Vargas, UST evaluates at least 80,000 applicants every year and only around 10,000 are admitted to the University. Faculties The degree programs for undergraduate studies were first offered in 1611, where the Faculties of Sacred Theology and Philosophy were founded. The Faculty of Canon Law was founded in 1733. These three original faculties are now known as the Ecclesiastical Faculties, to distinguish them from the Secular Faculties and Colleges that were founded later.
The Eccesiastical Faculties are housed at the Seminary and at the Santisimo Rosario Parish. The Faculty of Medicine & Surgery together with the Faculty of Pharmacy were founded on the same year in 1871. The Faculty of Pharmacy offers Bachelor of Science degrees in Biochemistry, Medical Technology, and Pharmacy. The Faculty of Medicine & Surgery is located at the St. Martin de Porres building, while the Faculty of Pharmacy is located at the Main Building. The Faculty of Philosophy and Letters was founded in 1896. It was merged with some programs of the College of Liberal Arts in 1965 hence renaming the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters as the Faculty of Arts and Letters (the College of Liberal Arts was renamed the College of Science).
The Faculty of Arts and Letters offers the Bachelor of Arts (AB) degrees in Asian Studies, Behavioral Science, Communication, Economics, English Language Studies, History, Journalism, Legal Management, Literature, Creative Writing, Philosophy, Political Science, and Sociology. The Faculty of Arts and Letters is located in the St. Raymond de Peñafort building. Its students are known as "Artlets" (previously "Philets"). The Journalism, Communication Arts and Literature programs of the Faculty are Centers of Development while the department of Philosophy is a Center of Excellence. In 1907, the Faculty of Engineering was founded. Currently it offers the Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Communications Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering.
The department of Chemical Engineering is named as one of the Centers of Excellence by the Commission on Higher Education. The Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Electronics Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering programs, on the other hand, are the Centers of Development. The Faculty also received an international accreditation through the Philippine Technological Council as the signatory of an international agreement in the practice of Engineering, Washington Accord granting the Chemical Engineering Department a full six years accreditation, meanwhile for the other programs, they are given two years that can be given a full accreditation after another visit. Engineering is located at the Roque Ruaño building, named after the priest-engineer Roque Ruaño, O.P..
Colleges The College of Education, which was founded in 1926, offers the Bachelor of Elementary Education major in Pre-School or Special Education, Bachelor of Secondary Education with majors in Computer Technology,Biology-Chemistry, Biology-General Science, Social Studies, English, Mathematics, Physical Education, Technology and Livelihood Education,Health and Music, Religious Education, or Social Guidance, the Bachelor of Library and Information Science, the Bachelor of Science in Food Technology, and Nutrition and Dietetics. Education is one of Centers of Excellence in the University. The college is located at the Albertus Magnus building. The College of Science, which was founded in 1926, offers the Bachelor of Science degree in Applied Physics major in Instrumentation, Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics major in Actuarial Science, Microbiology, and Psychology.
Biology, Chemistry and Psychology are recognized by CHED as Centers of Excellence. The College also offered a degree in Zoology, but was later abolished. The College of Science has a Level IV accreditation from PACUCOA (the highest in the Philippines) and is located at the third floor of the UST Main Building. The College of Architecture, which was founded in 1930, offers the Bachelor of Science in Architecture. Later on, after adding a fine arts program the college was called College of Architecture and Fine Arts. By the year 2000, the Fine Arts program was elevated to a separate college.
The College of Architecture is housed at the Beato Angelico building. It is one of two Centers of Excellence in Architecture. In 1933, the College of Commerce and Business Administration was created. College of Commerce offers the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration with majors in Marketing Management, Financial Management, Human Resource Management, and Business Economics (not to be confused with the AB Economics being offered by Arts and Letters) as well as Bachelor of Science in Commerce major in Entrepreneurship. On 2004, the accountancy program was transferred to the new Alfredo M. Velayo College of Accountancy (see below). It is housed in the St. Raymund de Penafort building together with the Faculty of Arts and Letters.
The Business Administration program is a Center of Development The Conservatory of Music, founded in 1945, offers the Bachelor of Music degree, with majors in Keyboard (Piano, Harpsichord, Organ), Music Education, Voice, Strings and Guitar, Woodwind, Brasswind, Composition Theory, and Conducting. Its facilities are located at the Albertus Magnus building. The Conservatory is one of the two Centers of Excellence in Music in the Philippines The College of Nursing was founded in 1946. It offers the Bachelor of Science in Nursing program, which is a Center of Excellence. The college is housed in the St. Martin de Porres building, together with the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery and the College of Rehabilitation Sciences.
The College of Rehabilitation Sciences, founded in 1974, offers the Bachelor of Science degrees in Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, Speech–Language Pathology, and the Bachelor in Sports Science degree. Like Nursing, CRS is at the St. Martin de Porres building. The College of Fine Arts and Design was separated from the College of Architecture in 2000. It offers the Bachelor of Fine Arts degree with majors in Advertising, Industrial Design, Interior Design, and Painting. It shares the Beato Angelico Building with the College of Architecture. The Alfredo M. Velayo College of Accountancy was separated from the College of Commerce on November 2004.
Named after one of its renowned alumnus, Alfredo M. Velayo, one of the three founding members of the auditing firm known as SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co., the college houses students who are enrolled in the Accountancy and Management Accounting programs. With the aid of its alumni foundation, the college is now housed in its own building that was inaugurated on June 2006. The College of Tourism and Hospitality Management was separated from the College of Education on April 26, 2006. From an Institute, the University has raised its level to a college in December 2008. It offers both the degrees; Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management and the Bachelor of Science in Travel Management.
Institutes and departments The Institute of Information and Computing Sciences was separated from the Faculty of Engineering on July 2014. It was founded in 1999 and originally under the College of Science at the Institute of Computer Sciences. It was then placed under the Faculty of Engineering as the Department of Information and Computer Studies from 2004 until 2014. A Level I accreditation status from PAASCU has been granted to all three-degree programs of the institute namely: Computer Science, Information Systems, and Information Technology. The Institute is located at the Roque Ruaño Building, together with the Faculty of Engineering. The Institute of Physical Education and Athletics (IPEA) is an independent college intended for the elevation of sports and athleticism in the university.
Situated at the UST Quadricentennial Pavilion. The Department of Military Science & Tactics (DMST) was later on integrated to the NSTP (National Service Training Corps) program of the University. It provides adequate learning in the military arts in preparation for Thomasians in entering into military Service. The ROTC and GSTP Department is under the DMST. The Institute of Religion (IR), since its foundation in 1933, has been the theology-teaching department of the University for the civil sciences. As one of the offices under the Vice Rector for Religious Affairs, the IR has been a prime mover in campus evangelization primarily through classroom instruction.
Located at the heart of the UST Main Building, the site of IR's office symbolizes the directive of the Church that theology should be the core of the curriculum in Catholic institutions. Postgraduate studies As early as the 17th century post-graduate programs have been offered in the University of Santo Tomas through its various Faculties and Colleges. Faculty of Civil Law The UST Faculty of Civil Law was the first secular faculty, and hence the oldest law school in the Philippines. Although the Faculty offers the Bachelor of Laws degree, it is considered as a post baccalaureate degree, as it requires applicants to either have a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science degree.
Civil Law resides in the UST Main Building. The Faculty of Civil Law has produced four Philippine Presidents and six Chief Justices of the Philippines. It also has a Legal Aid clinic named after one of its illustrious alumni, Chief Justice Roberto Concepcion. Aspiring law students need to finish at least a bachelor's degree before being admitted to the Faculty. They must then maintain an average of at least 78 in their freshman year to be readmitted the succeeding year. The required minimum grade increases as the year level progresses (79 for the second year, 80 for the third year and 81 for fourth year).
During the third year of stay in the Faculty and after finishing all the law subjects, the student is required to engage in an internship program of at least 200 hours before being admitted to the fourth year, wherein he will then be required to undergo an oral examination or revalida and at least two major examinations to be able to complete the whole program. Upon graduation, the student will be qualified to become a bar candidate that will be eligible to take the bar examinations in the Philippines. The Faculty is one of the top performing schools in the history of the Philippine bar examinations.
It has produced four Philippine Presidents, three Philippine Vice Presidents, six Supreme Court Chief Justices, and several law deans in the country. Faculty of Medicine and Surgery The UST Faculty of Medicine and Surgery was founded in 1871. Medicine and Surgery offers the Doctor of Medicine degree which is a post baccalaureate degree. The national hero of the Philippines, José Rizal, studied here before moving to Madrid Central University to complete his studies. Graduates of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery rank among the top scorers in the medical licensure exams, and the Faculty boasts a high passing rate overall.
Many UST medical school graduates have become prominent clinicians, surgeons and professors in top hospitals and medical schools in the United States who return often to participate in medical missions and in annual medical alumni reunions. In 2001, the Faculty adopted the problem-based learning method for use in the curriculum. This was highly controversial, as many professors complained that students were not learning the basic sciences adequately. Eventually, in 2003 the curriculum was changed again, this time to an innovate format which combined elements of both traditional (lecture-based) and problem-based methods. The Faculty is known for giving its fourth-year students a series of written and oral exams known as the "revalida".
In the oral exams, groups of three students each are questioned by panels composed of three professors on basic, clinical, and emergency medical sciences. Passing the revalida is a prerequisite to graduation. The Faculty is a Center of Excellence. It has been consistently producing topnotchers in the annual national licensure exams for Filipino physicians and it is proud of its Level 4 National Accreditation for several years. It is also the alma mater of numerous Secretaries of Health of the Philippines, as well as several Presidents of the Philippine Medical Association, the national organization of medical doctors in the country.
The Faculty was also ranked as the only Asian medical school to be in the top 10 list of foreign medical institutions by the U.S. Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates in 2007. In July 8–15, 2012, the faculty and the Asian Medical Students' Association-UST hosted the 33rd Asian Medical Students' Conference after almost three decades since the country hosted. It is the largest gathering of the medicine students across Asia and the Pacific with participating guest countries from Europe. Graduate School As early as the 17th century postgraduate degrees were offered and granted by the various faculties in the University of Santo Tomas.
In 1938, the UST Graduate School was established to administer and coordinate all the graduate programs in the University of Santo Tomas. The Graduate School academic programs have grown to 90 graduate program offerings, spanning about seven clusters of disciplines. Today, the UST Graduate School is recognized as a Center of Excellence in several fields of the Arts and Humanities, Allied Health Sciences, Natural Sciences, and Engineering by the Commission on Higher Education. Its programs in business, public management, and education were also recognized by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), Fund for Assistance of Private Education (FAPE)- Evaluation of Graduate Education Programs (EGEP).
Academic profile Research Center for Creative Writing and Literary Studies (CCWLS) – unit that specialises in the development of national literature through programs, projects and activities. It was established in 1999 as the UST Center for Creative Writing and Literary Studies. Center for Health Research and Movement Science (CHRMS) – research unit of the College for Rehabilitation Science. The center focuses on the assessment and interventions to improve health, fitness, and quality of life for different patient and client populations. It was inaugurated in 2003 as the Center for Research on Movement Science. Center for Religious Studies and Ethics (CRSE) – research unit that focuses on issues that have religious and moral implications, as well as on teachings of Church Magisterium.
It was established in 2013. The center was preceded by the Center for Contextualized Theology and Ethics established in July 2002. In 2006, it was restructure to become the John Paul II Center for Ecclesiastical Studies and UST Center for Ethics. Both centers were dissolved in 2009. Research Center on Culture, Education, and Social Issues – research arm of the university that holds the activities the previous research centres namely: the Center for Educational Research and Development (CERD), the Social Research Center (SRC), and the Center for Intercultural Studies (CIS). CERD was established in June 1979 by Rev. Fr. Paul P. Zwanepoel.
SRC was established in 1979. CIS was established as the Chiang Ching-kuo Centre for Intercultural Studies in 1993. RCCESI will soon be transitioning into two centers, the Research Center on Culture, Arts, and the Humanities (RCCAH), and the Research Center on Social Sciences and Education (RCSSED). Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences (RCNAS) – research arm of the university that focuses on science and technology. Established in 1962, it was originally conceived as the University Research Center, encompassing both the cultural and the experimental sciences. However, in the succeeding years, it gradually assumed an orientation towards the natural sciences.
The center also supervises the following offices: UST Analytical Services Laboratory (ASL) UST Collection of Microbial Strains (UST-CMS) UST Herbarium UST Institutional Animal Care & Use Committee (UST-IACUC) Research Center for the Health Sciences – provides venue for research of faculty members from the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, College of Nursing and College of Rehabilitation Science. Center for Conservation of Cultural Property and Environment in the Tropics – research center of the UST Graduate School that specialises in consultancy, research, training and project development in heritage conservation and sustainable development. It was established in 2003. Archives of the University of Santo Tomas (AUST) Educational Technology Center Miguel de Benavides Cancer Institute – center that offers a multi-disciplinary professional medical service for patients needing cancer care.
Publications The UST Publishing House (USTPH) was established in 1996 through the merger of the Santo Tomas University Press (STUP) and the UST Printing Office (USTPO). The Publishing House evolved from the UST Press, which was founded in 1593 by Fr. Francisco de San Jose, O.P. As such, it is one of the oldest continuing press in the world today, only next to Cambridge University in England.
Academic and research journals Acta Manilana, a journal for the natural and applied sciences The Antoninus Journal (formerly Ad Veritatem), a multi-disciplinary research journal of the UST Graduate School The Asian Journal of English Language Studies, the journal of the UST Department of English Boletin Ecclesiastico, the Official Interdiocesian Journal of UST De Las Casas, the UST Community Development journal Hasaan, the journal of the UST Department of Filipino Kritike, the journal of the UST Department of Philosophy Philippiniana Sacra, a publication of the Ecclesiastical Faculties Santo Tomas Journal of Medicine, a publication of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery Tomas, literary journal of the Center for Creative Writing and Studies UST Law Review, a journal of the Faculty of Civil Law Philippine Journal of Allied Health Sciences, a research journal of the UST Center for Research on Movement ScienceUnitas, a semi-annual peer reviewed journal of advanced research in literature, culture and societyUST College of Science Journal- a research journal of the UST College of Science Newsletters Academia, the official international bulletin of the University of Santo Tomas Thomasian Sunscope, the official alumni newsletter of the University of Santo Tomas The Varsitarian, the official university weekly student newspaper La Stampa, the official university Senior High School student newspaper The Aquinian, the official university Junior High School student newspaper Rankings and reputation The university is regarded by the Philippines Commission on Higher Education as one of the top universities in the Philippines together with University of the Philippines (system), Ateneo de Manila University and De La Salle University (system) known as The Big Four.
Internationally, it is the first and only university in the country to be recognized by the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) University Rankings with four stars for excellence (five as the highest) as an institution and five stars in the areas of employability, facilities, social responsibility and inclusiveness. It has been ranked in the QS Asian University Rankings 2020 (179), QS World University Rankings 2020 (801+), QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2020 (251+) and THE Impact Rankings 2020 (301+) Student life Events and traditions Misa de Apertura (The Opening Mass for the Academic Year) The Thomasian Welcome Walk – (formerly The Rites of Passage) Freshmen pass under the Arch of the Centuries at the start of their education at the university.
It was established in 2003. The USTv Students' Choice Awards on Television – Established in 2005, is an award-giving body by Thomasians for Philippine Television that upholds Christian moral and ideals. UST Paskuhan – Primered by the Eucharistic Celebration, the Paskuhan is the Thomasian way of celebrating Christmas, with performances from different student organizations, live bands, and other shows. It also featured a Holy Mass and an inter-collegiate lantern-making contest. UST Baccalaureate Mass, Ceremony of the Light, and The Sending off Rites UST annual Goodwill Tournaments for various sports for all colleges. (Football, basketball, swimming, volleyball, etc.) Sports UST is a founding member of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) and of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
The varsity sports teams, originally called the "Glowing Goldies", have since been renamed the Growling Tigers beginning the 1992–1993 UAAP season. UST has won the men's basketball title 18 times since 1938. The University also participates in all the UAAP events. The women's teams are called the Tigresses, while the Juniors (high school) teams are the Tiger Cubs. The University has won the UAAP Seniors Overall Championship a record 41 times, and held the title for a record fourteen consecutive years, holding it 26 times in the last 30 years. The official dance troupe, the Salinggawi Dance Troupe with the official pep squad, UST Yellow Jackets, has won the UAAP Cheerdance Competition for five consecutive seasons.
In the 69th season of UAAP in academic year 2006–2007, the men's team captured the seniors basketball crown defeating the Ateneo Blue Eagles in two of the three games held. In women's basketball, the Lady Tigresses defeated the FEU Lady Tamaraws for the title. With the championship, the UST Growling Tigers ties the UE Red Warriors with 18 UAAP senior men's basketball titles, behind the league-leading FEU Tamaraws with 20. UST also won a senior NCAA championship, to bring the total to 19 men's championships. Media UST has multiple student organizations that cater to different media.
The Varsitarian, commonly referred to as Varsi, is the official student publication of the university; Tomasian Cable Television (TOMCATv) was the official broadcasting arm of the university, in 2017 TOMCATv re-branded into "TOMCAT" as "Tomasian Media Circle and Talents" an events and video production organization, while the official broadcasting arm renamed into TigerTV (YouTube.com/TomasinoEdTech) and TigerRadio (mixlr.com/tigeradio) which operates under the digital broadcasting unit of the Educational Technology Center or "EdTech," TOMCATv; TomasinoWeb or TomWeb is the university's official digital media organization and online student publication. In February 2019, The Varsitarian published an editorial which critically condemned attacks on press freedom, a day after a Filipino journalist was arrested by the Duterte government.
The university administration tried to squash the publication, only to be repulsed by students in protest condemning all forms of attacks against freedom and liberty. UST Tiger Radio In the late 2000s, UST through its Tomasian Cable Television (divided into two organizations: the Tiger Media Network and TOMCAT) launched UST Tiger Radio. UST Tiger Radio currently broadcasts online via web streaming from Monday to Friday, except during semester breaks. It is also the current official campus station of the UST community. Stand on LGBT rights The University of Santo Tomas administration, led by Roman Catholic priests, has historically been against LGBT.