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Pee-wee calls Dottie at the bike shop and apologizes for his behavior. Andy spots Pee-wee and resumes his attack. Pee-wee evades Andy at a rodeo by disguising himself as a rodeo bull rider. Forced to ride for real, Pee-wee does well but receives a concussion. Pee-wee enters a biker bar to make a phone call, but the outlaw motorcycle club threatens to kill him after he accidentally knocks over their motorcycles. Pee-wee makes a last request, dancing to the song "Tequila". His dance wins over the bikers, who give him a motorcycle for his journey, which he crashes immediately afterwards.
Pee-wee wakes up in a hospital and learns from a television news report that his bike is being used as a prop in a movie starring a bratty child named Kevin Morton. Pee-wee sneaks into Warner Bros. Studios and takes the bike. He is chased by security across the studio lot and through several sets before escaping. Later, Pee-wee discovers a burning pet shop and rescues the animals. Although the firefighters declare Pee-wee a hero, the police arrest him for his disruption at the studios. The president of Warner Bros., Terry Hawthorne, decides to drop the charges and return Pee-Wee's bike, in exchange for the rights to adopt his story into a movie.
Later at a drive-in theater, Pee-wee and Dottie attend the premiere of the resulting movie, a James Bond-style film starring James Brolin as "P.W. Herman" and Morgan Fairchild as Dottie. The two must retrieve a sport bike called the X-1, which contains an important microfilm and has been stolen by the Soviets. Pee-wee has a cameo appearance as a hotel bellhop, though his voice has been dubbed. At the drive-in, Pee-wee gives refreshments to all the people he met along his journey. Pee-wee also encounters Francis, who tells reporters that he is Pee-wee's best friend who taught him how to ride.
Francis claims to be knowledgeable about Pee-wee's bike, but accidentally catapults himself into the air using one of the bicycle's gadgets. As Pee-wee leaves the drive-in, Dottie asks why he is not staying for the rest of the movie. Pee-wee answers, "I don't have to see it, Dottie. I lived it." He and Dottie then ride off together at the movie screen in silhouette.
Cast Paul Reubens as Pee-wee Herman E. G. Daily as Dottie Mark Holton as Francis Buxton Diane Salinger as Simone Judd Omen as Mickey Morelli Alice Nunn as Large Marge Phil Hartman as Reporter John Harris as Andy Daryl Keith Roach as Chuck Carmen Filpi as Jack Jan Hooks as Tina Ralph Seymour as Francis' Accomplice, the guy who steals Pee-Wee's bike Jason Hervey as Kevin Morton Tony Bill as Terry Hawthorne Lynne Marie as "Mother Superior" in Kevin Morton's film John Paragon as Man in Red Armor Cleve Hall as Godzilla Michael Varhol who co-wrote the script with Reubens and Hartman cameos as a photographer.
Director Tim Burton has an uncredited cameo as the street thug who confronts Pee-wee in a rainy back-alley. Other minor roles include Ed Herlihy as Mr. Buxton and Cassandra Peterson (a.k.a. Elvira, Mistress of the Dark) as the Biker Mama of Satan's Helpers. James Brolin portrays "P.W. Herman" and Morgan Fairchild is Dottie in the in-movie production about Pee-wee's life. Heavy metal band Twisted Sister, and veteran comedy star Milton Berle cameo as themselves. The film contains numerous "conceptual continuity" links to other Tim Burton films and other productions: Several cast members from The Pee-wee Herman Show (who would go on to appear in Pee-wee's Playhouse) have cameo roles in the film.
John Moody (Mailman Mike in The Pee-wee Herman Show) appears as the bus clerk, in the movie studio sequence, Lynne Marie Stewart (Miss Yvonne) plays the Mother Superior, John Paragon (Jambi the Genie) plays the high-voiced studio extra in red armor from whom Pee-wee asks directions and the reporter interviewing Francis in the final scene at the drive-in is played by Phil Hartman (Cap'n Carl). Jan Hooks (who played Tina) was a fellow member of The Groundlings comedy troupe with Reubens, Hartman and Paragon, and went on to co-star in Saturday Night Live with Hartman. She also had a cameo role as a publicist in Burton's Batman Returns.
Paul Reubens and Diane Salinger (Simone) were reunited in the opening sequence of Burton's Batman Returns, in which they portrayed the parents of the Penguin. They would reunite again in Pee-wee's Big Holiday. Production The success of The Pee-wee Herman Show prompted Warner Bros. to hire Paul Reubens to write a script for a full-length Pee-wee Herman film. Reubens' original idea was to do a remake of Pollyanna with Pee-wee Herman in the Hayley Mills role. Reubens claims that Pollyanna is his favorite film. Halfway through writing the script, Reubens noticed everyone at Warner Bros. had a bike to get around the backlot, and so he requested one of his own.
This inspired Reubens to start on a new script. Having left Walt Disney Productions and with Frankenweenie receiving positive reviews within film studios, Tim Burton was looking for a full-length film to direct. When Reubens and the producers of Pee-wee's Big Adventure saw Burton's work on Vincent and Frankenweenie, they decided to hire Burton for their film. Burton felt he connected with Reubens' personality and the humor of the Pee-wee Herman Show. After hiring Burton to direct, Reubens, Phil Hartman and Michael Varhol reworked the script again. The team purchased Syd Field's Screenplay and wrote the script as faithful as to what the book advised.
"It’s a 90-minute film, it’s a 90-page script," Reubens explained. "On page 30 I lose my bike, on page 60 I find it. It's literally exactly what they said to do in the book...There should be like a MacGuffin kind of a thing, something you’re looking for, and I was like, 'Okay, my bike.'" Filming locations included Glendale, Pomona, Santa Clarita, Santa Monica, Burbank, Cabazon (at the Cabazon Dinosaurs), Port Hueneme, California, and San Antonio, Texas. Burton and Reubens had tensions with Warner Bros. studio executives over the shooting schedule. Burton hired CalArts classmate Rick Heinrichs for scenes involving stop-motion animation.
Large Marge's claymation transformation was created by The Chiodo Brothers. Soundtrack To compose the film score, Burton brought in Danny Elfman, who had previously composed the music for Forbidden Zone and who was at the time lead singer/songwriter of the new wave band Oingo Boingo. He relished the opportunity to compose an orchestral score rather than a pop score and wanted it to be taken as the work of a composer rather than the dabbling of a pop musician. Elfman already had the main title theme written before he signed on. Elfman's original score draws inspiration from film composers Nino Rota and Bernard Herrmann, with the main title music paying homage to Rota's "Carlotta's Galop" from Fellini's 8½, and the tracks "Stolen Bike" and "Clown Dream" paying homage to music from Herrmann's scores for Psycho and The 7th Voyage of Sinbad respectively.
"Studio Chase" pays homage to Miss Gulch's theme in The Wizard of Oz. In 1986 Varèse Sarabande released an album on record, cassette and compact disc featuring cues from the movie and 1986's Back to School, also scored by Elfman. While both films had their original scores recorded in Hollywood, the album recording was made in London and performed by the National Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by John Coleman. In 2010 many of the original tracks were subsequently released by Warner Bros. Records as part of The Danny Elfman & Tim Burton 25th Anniversary Music Box. This was the first major studio film for Elfman as composer, and he would go on to collaborate on nearly all of Burton's films, excluding Ed Wood, Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street and Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children.
"Clown Dream" is also used in the video game Grand Theft Auto V. It is also often used as the opening music during Primus concerts. The film also features "Burn in Hell" by Twisted Sister and "Tequila" by The Champs. Reception Pee-wee's Big Adventure opened on August 9, 1985 in the United States in 829 theaters, accumulating $4,545,847 over its opening weekend. The film went on to gross $40,940,662 domestically. Critical response Pee-wee's Big Adventure received generally positive reviews at the time of the film's release, before eventually developing into a cult film. As of July 2018, Rotten Tomatoes reported that 87% of 45 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 7.85/10.
The site's critical consensus reads: "Pee-Wee's Big Adventure brings Paul Reubens' famous character to the big screen intact, along with enough inspired silliness to dazzle children of all ages". By comparison, Metacritic calculated an average score of 47 from 14 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews". The film was nominated with a Young Artist Award for Best Family Motion Picture (Comedy or Musical). Christopher Null gave positive feedback, calling it "Burton's strangest film." Variety compared Paul Reubens to Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton, while Empire called the film "a one-comic masterpiece" and "a dazzling debut" for Burton. Stephanie Zacharek of Salon.com explained "Everything about Pee-wee's Big Adventure, from its toy-box colors to its superb, hyper-animated Danny Elfman score to the butch-waxed hairdo and wooden-puppet walk of its star and mastermind is pure pleasure."
Burton was offered the opportunity to direct Big Top Pee-wee, but had no interest and was already working on his own pet project, Beetlejuice. Positive reviews of Beetlejuice and the financial success of Pee-wee's Big Adventure prompted Warner Bros. to offer Burton the director's helm for Batman. Roger Ebert never officially reviewed Pee-wee's Big Adventure but in 1987 it topped his list of Guilty Pleasures and he did mention it in his review of Big Top Pee-wee, saying the sequel was not as magical as the first. The second paragraph of that review contrasted the two films explaining what he liked in Big Adventure that he didn't like in Big Top.
Gene Siskel, however, gave Pee-wee's Big Adventure, a rare zero star rating in his print review, writing that he had enjoyed Herman's guest spots on Late Night with David Letterman but "Obviously, Pee-Wee is tolerable only in Pee-Wee doses ... You have to be a lot funnier on the big screen than on the tube to sustain a feature-length story." Siskel included the film in his unranked year-end list of the worst movies of 1985. Vincent Canby of The New York Times was also negative, writing that apart from a couple of scenes it was "the most barren comedy I've seen in years, maybe ever."
In a review for the Los Angeles Times, Michael Wilmington wrote, "The wrong crowd will find these antics infantile and offensive. The right one will have a howling good time." David Ansen of Newsweek described the film as "Mattel Surrealism, a toy-store fantasia in primary colors and '50s decor. Whoever proposed teaming up Pee-wee (a.k.a. Paul Reubens) with 26-year-old director Tim Burton knew what they were doing ... Together they've conspired to make a true original — a live-action cartoon brash enough to appeal to little kids and yet so knee-deep in irony that its faux naivete looks as chic as the latest retrofashions."
Home video Warner Home Video released Pee-wee's Big Adventure on DVD in May 2000. The release included audio commentary by Tim Burton, Paul Reubens and Danny Elfman as well as deleted scenes. References External links Category:1985 films Category:1980s adventure comedy films Category:1980s road movies Category:American adventure comedy films Category:American films Category:American ghost films Category:American road movies Category:Films directed by Tim Burton Category:Films scored by Danny Elfman Category:Films set in California Category:Films set in Los Angeles Category:Films set in Texas Category:Films shot in California Category:Films shot in Los Angeles Category:Films shot in San Antonio Category:Films shot in Texas Category:Films using stop-motion animation Category:Films with live action and animation Category:Pee-wee Herman Category:Self-reflexive films Category:Films with screenplays by Paul Reubens Category:Films with screenplays by Michael Varhol Category:Warner Bros. films Category:1985 directorial debut films
Cloxestradiol acetate (brand name Genovul), also known as 17-(2,2,2-trichloroethoxy)estradiol O,O-diacetate, is a synthetic, steroidal estrogen derived from estradiol. It is the O,O-diacetate ester of cloxestradiol, which, in contrast to cloxestradiol acetate, was never marketed. See also List of estrogen esters § Estradiol esters Cloxotestosterone acetate References Category:Abandoned drugs Category:Acetate esters Category:Estradiol esters Category:Estranes Category:Estrogen esters Category:Estrogen ethers Category:Organochlorides Category:Synthetic estrogens Category:Trichloromethyl compounds
Lakia is an ancient ethnic region within the state of Dagestan. Its historical capital is Kumukh, one of the ancient cultural and religious centres of Lakia. The people of Lakia are self-designated as Laks and their native language is Lak. Persian invasions in the 5th-6th centuries In the 6th century, following a long war, the Sassanid Empire took over the Eastern and North-Eastern Caucasus. In 552 the Khazars invaded Caucasus and occupied the northern plains of Dagestan. The reigning shah of Persia, Khosrau I Anushirvan, began the construction of Derbent fortress in order to protect his possessions from the new wave of nomads.
Khosrau I appointed a local ruler in Kumukh, as he also did in many other possessions. Arab invasions in the 7th-8th centuries In the 7th-8th centuries Arab conquerors continually strove to gain a foothold in Dagestan in order to maintain political hegemony in the North-Eastern Caucasus. At the end of a long war (730-740), Arab armies (led initially by Maslamah and then by Marwan) captured mountainous Dagestan. During the Arab invasions and in the period following, such principalities as Tabasaran, Dargin, Lak and Avar were active in Dagestan. Shamkhalate rule in the 8th-17th centuries In the middle of the 8th century Kumukh joined the Arab Caliphate.
Arabs built a mosque in Kumukh and appointed a ruler with the title "shamkhal". In 1239 the Mongolo-Tatars captured Kumukh. In the 13th centuries the shamkhals of Kumukh accepted Islam. In 1396 Tamerlane waged a war with the shamkhal of Gazi-Kumukh. During the 15th century the political influence of the shamkhals increased in the region. Then in 1642 the shamkhalate disintegrated into independent principalities. Khanate rule in the 17th-19th centuries In 1642 Laks formed the Gazikumukh Khanate. The state was ruled by a supreme council, which was constituted by the viziers, chief qadis, warlords, and the ruler. The rulers of Kazi-Kumukh took an active part in an anti-Iranian movement in Shirvan and Dagestan.
In 1725 Surkhay-khan I received the title of khan of Shirvan and Kazi-Kumukh. During the period 1734-1741 Kazi-Kumukh was thrice invaded by the Persians. In 1738 Murtazali-khan, at the head of the Dagestan army, defeated the Persians in Daria, and then in 1741 in Andalal. A later khanate fought with Russia, and in 1820 Russian general Madatov captured Kazi-Kumukh. Rebellion of 1877 In 1877, with the beginning of the Russian-Turkish war, the Chechens and Ingush and Dagestani peoples organized a revolt, with support from Turkey. Laks captured a fortress outside Kazi-Kumukh, and the reestablishment of the Kazikumukh Khanate was proclaimed.
Jafar-Bek, the son of Aglar-khan, was elected ruler, and directed his army from Kazi-Kumukh to help the insurgents in Kaitag and Tabasaran. Religious figures leading the revolt included Hasan Al-Kadarski, Kazi-Muhammad and Haji-Muhammad of Sogratl, Qadi of Tsudakhar, and Kazi-Ahmed and Abdul of Kazi-Kumukh. Small armies besieged Russian fortresses in Gunib and Levashi, but after heavy fighting were driven back by Russian troops moving in from North Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Middle Asia, and the Volga region. After the Russian retaking of Tsudakhar, Kazi-Kumukh, and Sogratl and the execution of the "instigators" of the revolt, many were deported to distant provinces of the Russian empire.
Some captives managed to escape to Iran, England, and the Ottoman Empire. Revolution of 1917/Soviet rule In 1920, following the Russian revolution, Soviet rule was established in Lakia. On 28 October 1922 the Kazi-Kumukh district was renamed Lak. On 29 March 1935 the district was split into the Lak and Kuli districts. Collectivization and "socialist construction in the area of national culture development" was then carried out. In 1937, in a number of villages, operated cells of SVB — "Union of militant atheists": in Khosrekh - 25, in Vikhli - 16. In 1940, mosque buildings were demolished in 5 out of 14 villages of the Kuli district.
In 1930 Ali Kayaev, a Dagestani Muslim reformer and a native of Kumukh, was arrested and exiled to Southern Ural. He was accused of participating in a counterrevolutionary organization. In 1934 Ali Kayaev returned from exile and worked in a Research Institute of Dagestan. Local industry began to develop in the Lak district during this period. Mechanized mills and factories were built for processing raw materials. A small hydroelectric power plant was built to supply electricity. Primary-school education was made compulsory. Mass publication and distribution of books and newspapers in Lak language were initiated. Second World War In the summer of 1944 to the lowlands of Dagestan, instead of Chechens deported on February 23, part of Laks was forcefully resettled from 43 mountainous villages and their houses demolished: 26 villages partly and 18 fully.
Among these were Akbar, Archuta, Bartni, Charavali, Chayakh, Duchi, Khalapki, Khanar, Kurkhi, Marki, Nitsovkra, Shushiya, Sundaralu, Tukhchar, Turchi, Varay, and Viltakh. Ethnic Avars and Kumyks were also forcibly resettled. During the Second World War many Lak people fought in the Red Army, and five of them were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union Gadj Buganovi, Ramazan Kuznetsov, Tsakhay Makaev, Rizvan Suleymanov, and Yakov Suleymanov. Ex-patriate soldier Gasan-Gusain Kamalov became a national hero of Italy, and Gusain Kushayev, of France. In all, eight Laks reached the military rank of general during the war: Mikhail Khalilov, Ahmed Suleymanov, Salikh Khalilov, Vyacheslav Khalilov, Isa Pirmagomedov, Efendi Magomedov, Lev Kunbuttaev, and Imanali Shtanchaev.
Famous Lak individuals Musa Manarov – Cosmonaut, Colonel of the Soviet Air Force; spent 541 days in space Shirvani Muradov – Gold medalist in Freestyle Wrestling, Beijing 2008. Islam Makhachev (Russian: Ислам Рамазанович Махачев; born October 27, 1991 in Dagestan) – mixed martial artist, judoka, and sambas; multiple Combat Sambo World Champion; currently fighting in the lightweight division Omari Akhmedov (Russian: Омари Ахмедов; born October 12, 1987 in Kizlyar) – Russian of Lak descent (born in Dagestan), professional mixed martial artist, competes in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship Khachilaev Nadirshah Mugadovich – former head of the Muslim Union of Russia, member of parliament, State Duma of Russia See also Lakia Shamkhalate of Kazi-Kumukh Khanate of Kazi-Kumukh Dagestan History of Dagestan Lak people of Iran Laki Music of Iran References Category:Dagestan Category:Laks
Mone Mone is a 1989 Bengali film directed by Partha Pratim Chowdhury and music composed by Kanu Bhattacharya. Cast Satabdi Roy Prosenjit Chatterjee Nirmal Kumar Subhendu Chatterjee Satya Bandyopadhyay References External links Category:Bengali-language films Category:1989 films Category:Indian films Category:1980s Bengali-language films
Singles Box is a compilation album by the Clash. It includes all the singles that they released in the UK, with their original mixes and edits and B-sides, as well as single releases from different parts of the world. The discs are packaged in a sleeve which reproduces the design of the original single, and they come in a protective sleeve. The CDs themselves are designed to look like vinyl records, with a textured top to look like a record with grooves and the data side being black, and a reproduction of the record label in the center of the disc.
Track listing 19xCD CD 1 - White Riot "White Riot" - 1:59 "1977" - 1:40 Originally released 18 March 1977 CD 2 - Capital Radio EP "Listen" (Edit) - 0:27 Interview with The Clash on The Circle Line (Part 1) - 8:51 Interview with The Clash on The Circle Line (Part 2) - 3:10 "Capital Radio" - 2:07 Originally released 17 April 1977 CD 3 - Remote Control "Remote Control" - 3:02 "London's Burning" (Live) - 2:12 "London's Burning" - 2:10 (from Dutch 7") Originally released 13 May 1977 CD 4 - Complete Control "Complete Control" - 2:53 "City of the Dead" - 2:22 Originally released 23 September 1977 CD 5 - Clash City Rockers "Clash City Rockers" - 3:47 "Jail Guitar Doors" - 3:03 Originally released 17 February 1978 CD 6 - (White Man) In Hammersmith Palais "(White Man) In Hammersmith Palais" - 4:02 "The Prisoner" - 2:59 Originally released 16 June 1978 CD 7 - Tommy Gun "Tommy Gun" - 3:19 "1-2 Crush On You" - 2:59 Originally released 24 November 1978 CD 8 - English Civil War "English Civil War (Johnny Comes Marching Home)" - 2:38 "Pressure Drop" - 2:35 Originally released 23 February 1979 CD 9 - The Cost Of Living EP "I Fought The Law" - 2:42 "Groovy Times" - 3:31 "Gates Of the West" - 3:37 "Capital Radio Two" - 3:19 "The Cost Of Living Advert" - 0:47 (available only on Japanese version of the Singles Box) Originally released 19 May 1979 CD 10 - London Calling "London Calling" - 3:21 "Armagideon Time" - 3:51 "Justice Tonight" - 4:08 (from UK 12") "Kick It Over" - 4:47 (from UK 12") "Clampdown" - 3:51 (from US promo 12") "The Card Cheat" - 3:51 (from US promo 12") "Lost in the Supermarket" - 3:46 (from US promo 12") Originally released 7 December 1979 CD 11 - Bankrobber "Bankrobber" - 4:36 "Rockers Galore...UK Tour (feat.
Mikey Dread)" - 4:42 "Rudie Can't Fail" - 3:29 (from Dutch 7") "Train In Vain" - 3:09 (from Spanish 7") Originally released 8 August 1980 CD 12 - The Call Up "The Call Up" - 2:54 "Stop The World" - 2:32 Originally released 28 November 1980 CD 13 - Hitsville U.K. "Hitsville U.K." - 4:23 "Radio One" - 6:20 "Police On My Back" - 3:19 (from US 7") "Somebody Got Murdered" - 3:33 (from Spanish 7") Originally released 16 January 1981 CD 14 - The Magnificent Seven "The Magnificent Seven" (Edit) - 3:39 "The Magnificent Dance" (Edit) - 3:37 "Lightning Strikes (Not Once But Twice)" - 4:52 (from US promo 12") "One More Time" - 3:31 (from US promo 12") "One More Dub" - 3:36 (from US promo 12") "The Cool Out" - 3:55 (from US 12") "The Magnificent Seven" (12" Mix) - 4:29 "The Magnificent Dance" - 5:36 Originally released 10 April 1981 CD 15 - This Is Radio Clash "This Is Radio Clash" - 4:12 "Radio Clash" - 4:12 "Outside Broadcast" - 7:23 (from UK 12") "Radio Five" - 3:38 (from UK 12") Originally released 20 November 1981 CD 16 - Know Your Rights "Know Your Rights" - 3:51 "First Night Back in London" - 3:00 Originally released 23 April 1982 CD 17 - Rock the Casbah "Rock the Casbah" (Single Version) - 3:43 "Long Time Jerk" - 5:10 "Mustapha Dance" - 4:28 (from UK 12") "Red Angel Dragnet" - 3:47 (from Canadian 7") "Overpowered by Funk" - 4:53 (from Argentinean promo 7") Originally released 11 June 1982 CD 18 - Should I Stay Or Should I Go / Straight to Hell "Should I Stay Or Should I Go" - 3:09 "Straight to Hell" (Edit) - 3:53 "Inoculated City" - 2:43 (from US 7") "Cool Confusion" - 3:14 (from US 7") Originally released 17 September 1982 CD 19 - This Is England "This Is England" - 3:37 "Do It Now" - 3:07 "Sex Mad Roar" - 2:59 (from UK 12") Originally released 30 September 1985 19x seven inch 7" 1 - White Riot "White Riot" - 1:59 "1977" - 1:40 Originally released 18 March 1977 7" 2 - Capital Radio EP "Listen" (Edit) - 0:27 Interview with The Clash on The Circle Line (Part 1) - 8:51 Interview with The Clash on The Circle Line (Part 2) - 3:10 "Capital Radio" - 2:07 Originally released 17 April 1977 7" 3 - Remote Control "Remote Control" - 3:02 "London's Burning" (Live) - 2:12 Originally released 13 May 1977 7" 4 - Complete Control "Complete Control" - 2:53 "The City Of The Dead" - 2:22 Originally released 23 September 1977 7" 5 - Clash City Rockers "Clash City Rockers" - 3:47 "Jail Guitar Doors" - 3:03 Originally released 17 February 1978 7" 6 - (White Man) In Hammersmith Palais "(White Man) In Hammersmith Palais" - 4:02 "The Prisoner" - 2:59 Originally released 16 June 1978 7" 7 - Tommy Gun "Tommy Gun" - 3:19 "1-2 Crush On You" - 2:59 Originally released 24 November 1978 7" 8 - English Civil War "English Civil War (Johnny Comes Marching Home)" - 2:38 "Pressure Drop" - 2:35 Originally released 23 February 1979 7" 9 - The Cost Of Living EP "I Fought The Law" - 2:42 "Groovy Times" - 3:31 "Gates Of the West" - 3:37 "Capital Radio Two" - 3:19 "The Cost Of Living Advert" - 0:47 (available only on Japanese version of the Singles Box) Originally released 19 May 1979 7" 10 - London Calling "London Calling" - 3:21 "Armagideon Time" - 3:51 Originally released 7 December 1979 7" 11 - Bankrobber "Bankrobber" - 4:36 "Rockers Galore...UK Tour (feat.
Mikey Dread)" - 4:42 Originally released 8 August 1980 7" 12 - The Call Up "The Call Up" - 2:54 "Stop The World" - 2:32 Originally released 28 November 1980 7" 13 - Hitsville U.K. "Hitsville U.K." - 4:23 "Radio One" - 6:20 Originally released 16 January 1981 7" 14 - The Magnificent Seven "The Magnificent Seven" (Edit) - 3:39 "The Magnificent Dance" (Edit) - 3:37 Originally released 10 April 1981 7" 15 - This Is Radio Clash "This Is Radio Clash" - 4:12 "Radio Clash" - 4:12 Originally released 20 November 1981 7" 16 - Know Your Rights "Know Your Rights" - 3:51 "First Night Back in London" - 3:00 Originally released 23 April 1982 7" 17 - Rock the Casbah "Rock the Casbah" (Single Version) - 3:43 "Long Time Jerk" - 5:10 Originally released 11 June 1982 7" 18 - Should I Stay Or Should I Go / Straight to Hell "Should I Stay Or Should I Go" - 3:09 "Straight to Hell" (Edit) - 3:53 Originally released 17 September 1982 7" 19 - This Is England "This Is England" - 3:37 "Do It Now" - 3:07 "Sex Mad Roar" - 2:59 Originally released 30 September 1985 Credits Joe Strummer - guitar, vocals on Discs 1-19 Mick Jones - guitar, vocals on Discs 1-18 Paul Simonon - bass, vocals on Discs 1-19 Topper Headon - drums, percussion on Dics 4-18 Terry Chimes - drums, percussion on Discs 1-3 Nick Sheppard - guitar, vocals on Disc 19 Vince White - guitar, vocals on Disc 19 Pete Howard - drums, percussion on Disc 19 Bill Price - Egg shaker Dennis Ferrante - High Tenor Vocal Bob Jones - Harmonica Interviewer: Tony Parsons Mixing: Glyn Johns Remixing: Pepe Unidos Tape Operator: Jeremy Green Engineers: Jerry Green and Bill Price Photographies: Pennie Smith, Bob Gruen, Caroline and Lindy Lou Liner Notes: Shane MacGowan, Bernard Sumner, Ian Brown, John Squire, Tony Parsons, Anthony Roman, Jim Goodwin, Danny Boyle, Carl Barat, Richard Archer, Bernard Rhodes, Irvine Welsh, Nick Hornby, Stuart Peace, Sharleen Spiteri, Tim Burgess, Mike D, Bobby Gillespie, Steve Jones, Damon Albarn, The Edge, and Pete Townshend Design: Jules Cover Art: Left Hand Luke Cover Design: Rocking Russian Authors: Chris Shiflett and Damon Albarn Producers: Lee "Scratch" Perry, Bill Price, Sandy Pearlman, Guy Stevens and Jose Unidos Executive Producer: Tricia Ronane Coordinations: Will Nicol and Phil Savill Director: John Halas References Category:Albums produced by Bill Price (record producer) Category:The Clash compilation albums Category:2006 compilation albums
1873–74 season The 1873–74 season was the first season of competitive football by Kilmarnock. Overview As founder members of the Scottish FA, Kilmarnock were one of 16 teams to enter the first edition of the Scottish Cup in 1873. They were involved in the first ever match in the competition when they took on Renton at the neutral Hampden Park in Glasgow on 18 October 1873. Killie - who played the entire match with 10 men - were not used to playing under association rules and lost 2–0. During the club's early years, the team would play in Oxford blue shirts, white shorts and Oxford blue socks.
The now traditional blue and white vertical stripes weren't introduced until 1896. Scottish Cup Friendlies 1874–75 season The 1874–75 season was the second season of competitive football by Kilmarnock. Overview Kilmarnock entered the Scottish Cup for the second time. They bettered their previous performance in the competition after a 4–0 win at home to Vale of Leven Rovers in the first round. However, they then lost 3–0 at The Grange to Eastern in the second round. Scottish Cup Friendlies 1875–76 season The 1875–76 season was the third season of competitive football by Kilmarnock. Overview Kilmarnock entered the Scottish Cup for the third time.
They equalled their previous best performance in the competition after an 8–0 win at home to Ayr Eglinton in the first round. However, they then lost 6–0 at Kinning Park to Clydesdale in the second round. Scottish Cup 1876–77 season The 1876–77 season was the fourth season of competitive football by Kilmarnock. Overview Kilmarnock entered the Scottish Cup for the fourth time. They equalled their previous best performance in the competition after receiving a bye in the first round. However, they then lost 2–1 at Holm Quarry to Mauchline in the second round. Scottish Cup 1877–78 season The 1877–78 season was the fifth season of competitive football by Kilmarnock.
Overview Kilmarnock entered the Scottish Cup for the fifth time and competed in the inaugural Ayrshire Cup. They equalled their previous best performance in the Scottish Cup after a 5–1 win at home to Hurlford in the first round. However, they then lost 1–0 at Springvale Park to Ayr Academicals in the second round. Killie also reached the second round of the Ayrshire Cup where they lost 4–1 to Mauchline. Scottish Cup Ayrshire Cup 1878–79 season The 1878–79 season was the sixth season of competitive football by Kilmarnock. Overview Kilmarnock entered the Scottish Cup for the sixth time and also competed in the Ayrshire Cup.
In both competitions, they were knocked out in the first round, losing 2–0 to Kilbirnie in the Scottish Cup and drawing 0–0 with Mauchline in the Ayrshire Cup. Mauchline advanced to the second round for an unknown reason. Scottish Cup Ayrshire Cup Friendlies 1879–80 season The 1879–80 season was the seventh season of competitive football by Kilmarnock. Overview Kilmarnock entered the Scottish Cup for the seventh time and also competed in the Ayrshire Cup. They equalled their previous best performance in the Scottish Cup after a walkover victory against Ayr Academicals in the first round. However, they then lost 6–2 at Connell Park to Mauchline in the second round.
Killie bettered their previous best performance in the Ayrshire Cup after they defeated Ayr Athole and Kilmarnock Arthurlie to reach the third round where they lost 1–0 to Kilmarnock Portland. Scottish Cup Ayrshire Cup Notes Notes References 1873 Category:1873–74 in Scottish football Category:1874–75 in Scottish football Category:1875–76 in Scottish football Category:1876–77 in Scottish football Category:1877–78 in Scottish football Category:1878–79 in Scottish football Category:1879–80 in Scottish football Category:Scottish football clubs 1873–74 season Category:Scottish football clubs 1874–75 season Category:Scottish football clubs 1875–76 season Category:Scottish football clubs 1876–77 season Category:Scottish football clubs 1877–78 season Category:Scottish football clubs 1878–79 season Category:Scottish football clubs 1879–80 season
The 2010 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts was a special election held on January 19, 2010, in order to fill the Massachusetts Class I United States Senate seat for the remainder of the term ending January 3, 2013. It was won by Republican candidate Scott Brown. The vacancy that prompted the special election was created by the death of Democratic Senator Ted Kennedy on August 25, 2009. Kennedy had served as a U.S. Senator since 1962, having been elected in a special election to fill the vacancy created when his brother John F. Kennedy was elected President of the United States in 1960.
The seat was held until the election by an appointee, Senator Paul Kirk, a former chairman of the Democratic National Committee, who was not a candidate in the election to complete the term. A party primary election determining the winners of party nominations was held on December 8, 2009. The Democratic Party nominated Martha Coakley, the Massachusetts Attorney General; The Republican Party nominated Scott Brown, a Massachusetts State Senator. The race drew national attention due to Brown's unexpectedly closing the gap and running even with, or ahead of, Coakley in independent and internal polling in the last few days of the campaign.
Polls closed at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time. At 9:06 p.m., BNO News projected Brown as the winner of the race. At 9:13 p.m., The Boston Globe reported that Coakley telephoned Brown and conceded her defeat in the election. As a result of the election, the Republicans would control 41 seats in the United States Senate, enough to maintain a filibuster. Although Democrats would retain control of both Houses of Congress until January 2011, Scott Brown's victory would greatly affect their political plans, most notably for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, though the legislation was signed into law two months later.
Brown became the first Republican to win this seat since the Democrats captured it in 1946 and the first to win either Massachusetts Senate seat since 1972. Indeed, he was the first Massachusetts Republican to be elected to Congress since Peter Blute and Peter Torkildsen won reelection to the House in 1994. As of , this is the last Congressional election in Massachusetts won by a Republican. Background Timeline Massachusetts law requires a special election to be held on a Tuesday, no fewer than 145 days, nor more than 160 days from the date of office vacancy, on a date determined by the governor.
That range placed the election date between January 17 and February 1, 2010. Massachusetts law specifies that a party primary shall be held the sixth Tuesday before the general election. On August 28, 2009, Secretary of the Commonwealth William F. Galvin presented the dates January 19 and 26, 2010, after meetings with State House Speaker Robert DeLeo, State Senate President Therese Murray, and aides to Governor Deval Patrick. Patrick was legally required to select one of these two dates. A January 19 election would require the primary to be held on December 8, while a January 26 election would have required a December 15 primary.
Republican State Representative Karyn Polito suggested on August 28, 2009, that, because the possible election dates overlap the holiday season, the law ought to be rewritten to allow the special election to be held on November 3, 2009, to coincide with other elections in the state. Patrick stated on August 29, 2009, that he wanted to honor a request by Kennedy that any appointee to the seat not run, and that he would address the issue of the election date "after we have finished this period of respectful grief." On August 31, 2009, Patrick scheduled the special election for January 19, 2010, with the primary elections on December 8, 2009.
For party primary candidates, completed nomination papers with certified signatures were required to be filed by the close of business, November 3, 2009. Non-party candidates had a December 8, 2009, filing deadline. Qualifications A senator must, by the date of inauguration, be at least thirty years old, a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a state inhabitant of the state he or she wishes to represent. In Massachusetts, candidates for the U.S. Senate must file nomination papers with certified signatures of 10,000 Massachusetts voters, by deadlines established by the Secretary of the Commonwealth. A candidate for nomination in a party's special primary election must have been an enrolled member of the party, through filing as a member of that party with the Secretary of the Commonwealth using a certificate of voter registration, for the 90 days preceding the filing deadline, unless the candidate is a newly registered voter.
The candidate additionally must not have been enrolled in any other party in the prior year. Appointment In 2004, the Massachusetts General Court withdrew the authority of the governor to fill a U.S. Senate vacancy by appointment, to prevent the then-Governor Mitt Romney, a Republican, from appointing a Republican to fill the remainder of Democrat John Kerry's Senate term, if Kerry were to win the 2004 presidential election. The legislation was enacted over Romney's veto. At that time, Senator Ted Kennedy successfully made personal appeals to Massachusetts Democratic legislative leaders to pass the bill, which was stalled prior to his request.
Seven days before his death, Kennedy communicated his desire to amend the law so that upon a vacancy, the governor might appoint a Senator to serve until the special election occurred and avoid a five-month vacancy for the office. Kennedy sent a letter to the governor and legislative leaders (received on August 18, 2009, and dated July 2, 2009) requesting that they consider changing the law, and that the Governor obtain the personal pledge of such an appointee not to become a candidate in the following special election. John Kerry, President Barack Obama, and State House Speaker Robert DeLeo all expressed support for an interim appointment.
Patrick stated that he wished to honor the request by Kennedy that any appointee pledge not to run in the special election. The legality of such a demand in state law is questioned by Secretary of the Commonwealth William F. Galvin, as the qualifications for office to Congress are specified solely in the Constitution. Robert DeLeo stated that both the Senate and the House of Representatives planned to approve resolutions indicating that they did not want the appointee to run in the special election or become involved with any candidate's campaign.
A bill previously pending before the legislature, filed by State Rep. Robert Koczera of New Bedford in January 2009, proposed to permit the governor to appoint a senator; to enjoin the governor from appointing a candidate in a subsequent special election; and to permit the appointment date to occur only after the filing deadline for the special election had passed. Governor Patrick said he would push the General Court to pass the bill, and that he would sign it into law. The General Court held its first hearing on the legislation on September 9. The Massachusetts House of Representatives approved legislation to give Governor Patrick the power to appoint an interim senator on September 17, 2009, by a 95–58 vote.
The Massachusetts Senate approved the measure on September 22, 2009, by a vote of 24 to 16, and both houses of the General Court gave final approval to the bill on September 23. On September 24, 2009, Patrick appointed Paul G. Kirk, former Democratic National Committee chairman and aide to Ted Kennedy, to serve until the elected successor took office. Kennedy's two sons, Patrick J. Kennedy and Edward Kennedy, Jr., and his wife, Victoria Reggie Kennedy, had all expressed their preference for Kirk. Kirk was sworn into office on Friday, September 25, 2009. He pledged not to be a candidate in the special election.
Democratic primary Candidates Mike Capuano, , announced his candidacy on September 18, 2009. Martha Coakley, Massachusetts Attorney General, announced her candidacy on September 3, 2009. Alan Khazei, co-founder and former CEO of City Year, announced his candidacy on September 24, 2009. Stephen Pagliuca, a managing director of private equity firm Bain Capital and managing partner of the Boston Celtics basketball team, announced his candidacy on September 17, 2009. Polling Results Republican primary Candidates Scott Brown, State Senator from Wrentham, announced his candidacy on September 12, 2009. He previously announced, on September 6, 2009, that he was exploring becoming a candidate under the "testing the waters" provisions of federal election law, and intended to announce his decision on whether he would become a candidate on September 9 or 10, 2009.
On September 9, Brown said that he would not run if George W. Bush's White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card entered the race. On September 11, Card declined to run and offered his support to Brown. Jack E. Robinson III, former nominee for U.S. Senate (2000), Secretary of the Commonwealth (2002), and U.S. House of Representatives (2006) Polling Results Other candidates Independent or third party candidates had until December 8, 2009, to submit nomination papers for signature certification. Joseph L. Kennedy, a member of the Libertarian Party, ran as an independent. He has no relation to the politically prominent Kennedy family.
General election campaign Scott Brown considered himself a fiscal conservative and Washington, D.C. outsider. He said "I have always thought that being in government service is a privilege, not a right. This Senate seat doesn't belong to any one person or political party. It belongs to you, the people, and the people deserve a U.S. senator who will always put your interests first." Brown had called for fiscal restraint and smaller government, claiming that he had never voted for a tax increase. Brown also pledged to be the 41st vote against the current health care reform bill in the Senate.
Assistant Professor Boris Schor of the University of Chicago's Harris School of Public Policy Studies described Brown as a liberal Republican by national standards, but well suited for his Massachusetts constituency. Brown drew attention for having appeared nude and semi-nude with his hands covering his genitals in a centerfold in Cosmopolitan in 1982. Coakley positioned herself as a liberal, supporting several key initiatives of President Obama's, including healthcare reform. She supported reform that accomplished the three goals of expanding coverage, improving healthcare outcomes and reducing costs. She supported increased regulation of the financial sector, the protection of abortion rights and ending the war in Afghanistan.
Notably, Coakley took positions to increase equal rights for LGBT individuals; she favors ending Don't Ask, Don't Tell, repealing the Defense of Marriage Act and strengthening hate crimes laws. Coakley refused to investigate Thomas M. Menino, Mayor of Boston, and his office for allegedly violating laws in regards to destruction of public e-mail records. Coakley denies all accusations of misconduct. She also declined to reprimand the state's District Attorneys in relation to false statements they allegedly made regarding the effects of the state's voter approved Massachusetts Sensible Marijuana Policy Initiative in an attempt to defeat the ballot question, as well as allegations the District Attorneys misused state resources (website) and failed to file as designated ballot committee in a timely manner while receiving contributions as required by law while challenging the initiative.
The statements by the District Attorneys included allegedly inaccurate and misleading warnings in an effort to defeat the law, such as that if the law passed "any person may carry and use marijuana at any time." When declining to pursue the case Coakley's office responded with "nothing in the proposed law explicitly forbids public use of the drug." This basically ignores the fact that the law still levies a $100 fine and confiscation for adults, as well as additional mandatory community service for minors for the act of possession, and that using the drug requires possessing it, as well as the fact the law as passed allows cities to pass their own ordinances to further fine public consumption if needed.
The failure to file as a ballot committee allegedly stemmed from the fact state records showed the district attorneys began raising money as early as July 18, 2008, but did not file a statement of organization or any of the appropriate financial disclosures with the state until September 5, 2008. Coakley was herself a member of The Coalition for Safe Streets, the political action group eventually formed by the District Attorneys to fight the ballot question. She stated that she did not feel it was necessary to recuse herself from any decisions based on any possible conflict of interest grounds.
In a radio interview on January 16, 2010, Coakley described former Boston Red Sox pitcher Curt Schilling as a "Yankee fan," which drew criticism. Schilling, who considered running for the Senate seat himself and later endorsed Scott Brown, responded by saying "I've been called a lot of things ... but never, I mean never, could anyone make the mistake of calling me a Yankee fan. Well, check that, if you didn't know what the hell is going on in your own state maybe you could ..." Coakley later described the comment as a joke. Two of Coakley's ads had to be reedited after they first aired, one because of a typo in spelling Massachusetts (spelling it ), and another which used old stock footage of New York's World Trade Center, destroyed in the September 11 terrorist attacks, to represent Wall Street.
The second ad was meant to depict Scott Brown as a Wall Street crony. On January 12, 2010, an altercation occurred between The Weekly Standard journalist John McCormack and Democratic strategist Michael Meehan, in which the journalist was pushed onto the ground while trying to ask Coakley a question. Coakley stated she was aware of the incident but unsure of exactly what happened. Meehan later apologized for being "a little too aggressive," while denying any intention to knock down McCormack. Coakley's role in the case of Keith Winfield attracted criticism. In October 2005, Winfield, then working as a police officer, was accused of raping his 23-month-old niece with a hot object, most likely a curling iron.
A Middlesex County grand jury overseen by Coakley investigated the case and did not take any actions. After the toddler's mother filed applications for criminal complaints, Coakley then obtained grand jury indictments charging rape and assault and battery. She recommended about ten months after the indictment that Winfield be released, without bail. Winfield remained free until December 2007, when he received two life terms in prison in a case prosecuted by Coakley's successor. Coakley defended her decisions, saying that Winfield had a clean record and few other signs of danger. Joseph L. Kennedy opposed Democratic plans for healthcare reform and vowed, if elected, to work to repeal the legislation.
He opposes government spending by both the George W. Bush and Barack Obama administrations. It was suggested that he could have benefited from voters who associated him with the Kennedy family, which he acknowledged, saying "I'm not going to be delusional, there will be hard-core Kennedy voters who will pull the wrong lever." However, Boston University political scientist Thomas Whalen said that Kennedy's libertarian views may cause him to detract votes from Brown rather than Coakley. CQ Politics and Cook Political Report rated the election as a "Tossup". The Rothenberg Political Report changed its rating from "Tossup" to "Lean Takeover" on January 18.
Charlie Cook of the Cook Political Report stated on January 17, said that he would put his "finger on the scale" for Scott Brown as favored to win. The Rothenberg Political Report released a statement that, "unless Democratic turnout exceeds everyone's expectations, Brown is headed for a comfortable win." As of January 18, Brown led Coakley in the Intrade prediction market by high double-digit margins. Statistician Nate Silver of FiveThirtyEight.com projected on January 18 that there was a 75% chance that Brown would defeat Coakley. During the campaign, controversy erupted over a conscientious objector amendment Brown sponsored in 2005, which, according to The Boston Globe, "would have allowed a doctor, nurse or hospital to deny rape victims an emergency contraceptive if it 'conflicts with a sincerely held religious belief.'"
In the candidates' January 5 debate, Brown stated that he continues to support religious hospitals in refusing to provide emergency contraception, causing the woman to go to another hospital. He said, "That's really up to the hospital. There are many, many hospitals that can deal with that situation." Coakley ran a television advertisement attacking Brown over that saying, "Brown even favors letting hospitals deny emergency contraception to rape victims." Brown's daughter Ayla called the Coakley advertisement "completely inaccurate and misleading", and Brown criticized Coakley for running what he described as "attack ads". Scott Brown filed an ethics complaint stating that the Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Local 509 used state computers and e-mail addresses to direct employees of the state to volunteer for Coakley's campaign.
During a State Senate debate in 2001, Brown referred to the decision of his lesbian Democratic opponent, Cheryl Jacques, to have children as "not normal". He also described her parenting role as "alleged family responsibilities." Several Massachusetts LGBT activists condemned the statement. Brown quickly apologized for his "poor choice of words", and he defended his position on that issue as being anti-gay-marriage and pro-civil-unions. Finances , Martha Coakley raised over US$5.2million in total, and had $937,383 cash on hand. Scott Brown had $367,150 cash on hand. Brown spent $450,000 on television advertisements, while Coakley spent $1.4million. A week before the general election, Brown raised $1.3 million from over 16,000 donors in a 24-hour fund-raising effort.
Reports also indicated that Brown raised an average of $1 million per day the week prior to the election. This outpouring of support from the Internet and other givers offset what had been relatively less support from national Republican committees, who had decided not to target the race publicly. In the final fundraising push one of Brown's contributions for $5,000 came from David Koch, a wealthy activist and supporter of conservative causes and campaigns. Koch had also given the National Republican Senatorial Committee $30,400 in November 2009 and the Koch Industries PAC gave $15,000 to NRSC right before the January 2010 special election.
Coakley admitted to making an "honest mistake" while filing the financial disclosure forms for her Senate run claiming to have no personal assets when in fact she had an account under her husband's name with over $200,000 and a personal Individual Retirement Account containing approximately $12,000. Approximately US$23 million was spent on the election. Debates All three candidates participated in the debates. The first was held on the Jim & Margery show in Boston on January 5, and broadcast by WTKK. The January 8 debate was held in Springfield, Massachusetts and broadcast by WGBY-TV. The final debate was held on January 11 at the Edward M. Kennedy Institute at the University of Massachusetts Boston.
Endorsements The Boston Herald, the Cape Cod Times, The Eagle-Tribune, the Telegram & Gazette, The Sun The Martha's Vineyard Times, and The Salem News endorsed Brown for the general election, while The Boston Globe The Boston Phoenix, and the Watertown Tab & Press endorsed Coakley. Vicki Kennedy, wife of the late Senator Edward Kennedy, endorsed Coakley, along with other members of the Kennedy family, while former presidential candidates John McCain and Rudy Giuliani, Boston College legend and former NFL quarterback Doug Flutie, and Red Sox pitcher Curt Schilling endorsed Brown. Both former President Bill Clinton and President Barack Obama actively campaigned for Coakley in the final days of the campaign.
Former governors Bill Weld and Mitt Romney also endorsed Brown, with Weld actively campaigning with him in places such as Quincy and Romney e-mailing supporters to get out the vote to turn out for Brown on Tuesday. The national Tea Party Express endorsed Brown. Media In regards to the coverage of the election, MSNBC was criticized by one reporter for perceived bias against Brown, while Fox News was accused of favoring Brown. One journalist reported that CNN and Fox News may have delivered more balanced coverage on the election day itself, providing both Republican and Democratic commentators. On Fox's Hannity on January 11, political commentator Dick Morris solicited donations for a last-minute Brown advertising buy before the election, and said "please, please help (elect Brown)".
Brown himself made multiple appearances on various Fox programs within a 24-hour-period, where he made fundraising solicitations during the course of the interviews. Polling On January 14, 2010, Stuart Rothenberg of The Rothenberg Political Report, Charlie Cook of The Cook Political Report and statistician Nate Silver of FiveThirtyEight.com all characterized the race as a tossup. On January 15, 2010, former President Bill Clinton campaigned for Coakley in Worcester, while former Mayor of New York City Rudy Giuliani campaigned for Brown in Boston. President Barack Obama campaigned for Coakley on January 17, 2010. On January 17, Cook said that Brown had become the slight favorite.
The Rothenberg Political Report and Nate Silver of FiveThirtyEight.com changed their ratings from "Tossup" to "Lean Takeover" on January 18. Results Polls closed at 8:00pm Eastern Time. At 9:06pm BNO News projected Brown as the winner of the race. At 9:13 p.m., The Boston Globe reported that Coakley telephoned Brown and conceded the election. The best county for Brown was Plymouth, with 62.77%, while the best county for Coakley was Berkshire, with 68.48%. The final results certified on February 4, 2010 were: By county Source: By municipality The Associated Press and The Boston Globe reported voting results for each of the 351 municipalities in Massachusetts.
Brown won in 229 of those 351 municipalities, while Coakley won in 121. Coakley and Brown tied in the small town of Hawley, each receiving 63 votes. In general, Scott Brown drew support from suburban towns in the central and southeastern portions of the state, while Martha Coakley generally fared well in the cities, rural towns in the west and the offshore islands. More specifically, support for Brown tended to be high in Hampden County, the 495 Corridor, the South Shore suburbs and the southwestern part of Cape Cod. Brown also won or ran close to even in a number of historically Democratic working class cities such as Worcester, Lowell and Quincy.
Coakley generally fared well in the Berkshires and the cities, and had particularly strong support in college towns such as Amherst, Northampton and Cambridge. The central and southeastern parts of the state that favored Brown in 2010 experienced steep drops in the Democratic share of the vote – often more than 15% – compared to the vote for Barack Obama in 2008. , towns in those same areas also had a higher average unemployment rate, 8.7%, compared to that of the rest of the state at 7.7%. At 51%, towns where the Democratic share of the vote declined by less than 10% from 2008 for Obama to 2010 for Coakley had a higher percentage of people with a bachelor's degree compared to that of the rest of the state, 31%.
Voter turnout in the 2010 special election was significantly lower than in the 2008 election. The drop in turnout was smallest—around 25%—in areas that supported Obama in the 2008 election by less than 60%. Turnout fell 30% among towns that supported Obama by over 60%. In Boston, which supported Obama by almost 79% in 2008, the decrease in 2010 voter turnout was even more pronounced, at about 35%. Analysis After the election, senior Brown adviser Eric Fehrnstrom stated that the turning point for Brown was the December 30 "JFK ad" which put the campaign on the map. "After that, it was like riding a rocket ship for 2½ to 3 weeks till today," he said.
Another widely aired Brown TV ad featured him crisscrossing the state in his 2005 GMC Canyon pickup truck, which had amassed nearly 200,000 miles on the odometer. In his victory speech, Brown said "I'm Scott Brown. I'm from Wrentham. I drive a truck." Another critical event in the Brown surge was his debate performance on January 11. When asked by moderator David Gergen why he would oppose health care reform while holding the "Kennedy seat," Brown replied, "It's not the Kennedy seat and it's not the Democrats' seat. It's the people's seat." After the debate "people's seat" became a rallying cry for Brown supporters.
Brown's late surge was made possible by support by conservative bloggers, who immediately after the Massachusetts primary began promoting his candidacy among national conservative activists, who sought to challenge the Democrats in every election. At the same time, national Republicans were not publicly targeting the campaign, leading one paper to claim Brown was "left to fend for himself." Undaunted, the Brown campaign succeeded through its moneybomb in raising millions of dollars from Internet donations down the stretch run of the campaign. Barack Obama named Martha Coakley's controversial rhetorical quote of "What should I do, stand in front of Fenway and shake hands with voters?"
as one of five days that shaped his presidency. Obama correlated this quote with Coakley's subsequent loss, and as a hurdle towards the passing of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Aftermath National response The election was viewed by conservatives outside of Massachusetts as a referendum against President Barack Obama. However, Brown stated that he didn't believe that it was a referendum on Obama. Response from Democrats President Barack Obama, via political advisor David Axelrod – "I think that there were a lot of elements to the message [in the election]. Health care was part of it." Anthony Weiner (D-NY) – "I think you can make a pretty good argument that health care might be dead."
Jim Webb (D-VA) – "The race was a referendum not only on health care reform but also on the openness and integrity of our government process. It is vital that we restore the respect of the American people in our system of government and in our leaders. To that end, I believe it would only be fair and prudent that we suspend further votes on health care legislation until Senator-elect Brown is seated." Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) – "Whatever happens in Massachusetts, we will pass quality, affordable health care for all Americans and it will be soon." Harry Reid (D-NV) – "We're not going to rush into anything, we're going to wait until the new senator arrives before we do anything more on health care."
Steny Hoyer (D-MD) – "We will all be making a mistake if we believe that the message that was delivered in Massachusetts last night was unique to Massachusetts. That anger was directed, frankly, at all of us." Barney Frank (D-MA) – "I think the measure that would have passed, that is, some compromise between the House and Senate bill, which I would have voted for, although there were some aspects of both bills I would have liked to see change, I think that's dead. It is certainly the case that the bill that would have passed, a compromise between the House and Senate bills, isn't going to pass, in my judgment, and certainly shouldn't.
We are back to where we were maybe even years ago. That is, there is now no bill that I believe can pass or should pass. Sen. Snowe may be willing to work now with her Democratic colleagues, and maybe 3, 4, 5, 6 other Republicans would be, to try and put something together. If that's not the case, and Sen. Snowe and others aren't for some fairly significant changes, then we'll go into the election with the health care status quo." Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) – "At this point, we'll be looking to see what the mood of the House is and what they want to do.
There's no willingness to abandon ship on healthcare. I would be very satisfied if the House passed what the Senate did and then we can work on those areas that need to be strengthened or fixed. Those of us who worked very hard on the Senate bill believe that this is a good bill. It's not perfect; neither is the House bill. But the reality is, this would be a major step forward for lowering costs for families [and] small businesses [and] strengthening Medicare." Russ Feingold (D-WI) – "It's probably back to the drawing board on health care, which is unfortunate, because everybody agrees we have to do something about health care and so it would be unfortunate to lose this whole effort."
Response from Republicans, conservatives, and news outlets Republicans and conservatives nationally were elated at the results, with some commentators and news outlets calling the results the "Massachusetts Miracle" both before and after the election was held. Federally-elected Republicans also responded favorably to the results of the contest: John Cornyn (R-TX) – "Democrats nationwide should be on notice: Americans are ready to hold the party in power accountable for their irresponsible spending and out-of-touch agenda, and they're ready for real change in Washington. This is very energizing to a lot of people, Republicans and independents." Mitch McConnell (R-KY) – "There's a reason the nation was focused on this race.
The American people have made it abundantly clear that they're more interested in shrinking unemployment than expanding government. They're tired of bailouts. They're tired of the government spending more than ever at a time when most people are spending less. And they don't want the government taking over health care." John Boehner (R-OH) – "For nine months, I've talked to you about the political rebellion that's been brewing in America. It manifested itself in August at town hall meetings around the country. We saw it manifest itself in what happened in Virginia and New Jersey back in November. And we saw it manifest itself again last night in Massachusetts, when the people of Massachusetts stood up and said, 'enough is enough.'
And it's pretty clear that while the American people continue to speak, the Democrat leadership here in this House continues to ignore them and is looking for some way to continue to press this health care bill to a vote." Eric Cantor (R-VA) – "The American people, the people of Massachusetts last night have rejected the arrogance. They are tired of being told by Washington how to think and what to do," John McCain (R-AZ) – "Last night, a shot was fired around this nation: saying no more business as usual in Washington, D.C." Olympia Snowe (R-ME) – "I never say anything is dead, but I think that clearly they're going to have to revisit the entire issue.
I think that was true from the outset. I think there were a lot of concerns that ultimately, collectively manifested themselves in yesterday's vote. The American people are rightfully frustrated and they should be. This process is not becoming of this institution, the United States Congress. You can't drive a policy that doesn't have the support of the American people." Susan Collins (R-ME) – "They want better performance out of Washington, they want us focusing on the troubled economy and the need for more jobs and they're tired of sweetheart deals that were sneaked into the health care bill. They want that kind of bill to be negotiated in the open.
And they're tired of politics as usual and they also want controls. They don't want unfettered, one-party control, and a bill that imposes billions of dollars for new taxes, slashes Medicare by $500 billion and would actually cause insurance rates to go up. We really should start from scratch and do a completely bipartisan bill."
See also List of United States Senators from Massachusetts United States Senate special election in Alabama, 2017 Notes References External links Elections Division of Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth] Massachusetts U.S. Senate from OurCampaigns.com Campaign contributions from Open Secrets 2010 Massachusetts Senate Special graph of multiple polls from Pollster.com 2010 Massachusetts Senate Race from CQ Politics Media coverage The 2010 Massachusetts Senate Race from The Boston Globe Local Politics from the Boston Herald Debates Massachusetts Senate Democratic Candidate Debate C-SPAN, October 26, 2009 Debate on the Jim and Margery radio show in Boston, broadcast by WTKK (podcast part1 and part2), January 5, 2010 Debate at Springfield, broadcast by WGBY-TV (QuickTime video and Windows Media Video), January 8, 2010 US Senate Debate, Edward M. Kennedy Institute at the University of Massachusetts Boston YouTube, January 11, 2010 Massachusetts Senate Debate, C-SPAN, January 11, 2010 Official campaign sites Scott Brown for Senate Mike Capuano for Senate Martha Coakley for Senate Joe Kennedy for Senate Alan Khazei for Senate Steve Pagliuca for Senate Jack E Robinson for Senate United States Senate Massachusetts 2010 Massachusetts 2010 Massachusetts Senate
Quicksand is a colloid consisting of fine granular material (such as sand, silt or clay) and water. Quicksand forms in saturated loose sand when the sand is suddenly agitated. When water in the sand cannot escape, it creates a liquefied soil that loses strength and cannot support weight. Quicksand can form in standing water or in upward flowing water (as from an artesian spring). In the case of upward flowing water, forces oppose the force of gravity and suspend the soil particles. The saturated sediment may appear quite solid until a sudden change in pressure or shock initiates liquefaction. This causes the sand to form a suspension and lose strength.
The cushioning of water gives quicksand, and other liquefied sediments, a spongy, fluid-like texture. Objects in liquefied sand sink to the level at which the weight of the object is equal to the weight of the displaced soil/water mix and the submerged object floats due to its buoyancy. Liquefaction is a special case of quicksand. In this case, sudden earthquake forces immediately increase the pore pressure of shallow groundwater. The saturated liquefied soil loses strength, causing buildings or other objects on that surface to sink. Quicksand condition occurs in upward flow when the Critical Hydraulic Gradient come in the Vicinity of unity.
Properties Quicksand is a shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid: when undisturbed, it often appears to be solid ("gel" form), but a less than 1% change in the stress on the quicksand will cause a sudden decrease in its viscosity ("sol" form). After an initial disturbance—such as a person attempting to walk on it—the water and sand in the quicksand separate and dense regions of sand sediment form; it is because of the formation of these high volume fraction regions that the viscosity of the quicksand seems to decrease suddenly. Someone stepping on it will start to sink. To move within the quicksand, a person or object must apply sufficient pressure on the compacted sand to re-introduce enough water to liquefy it.
The forces required to do this are quite large: to remove a foot from quicksand at a speed of 0.01 m/s would require the same amount of force as needed to lift a car. It is impossible for a human to sink entirely into quicksand due to the higher density of the fluid (assuming the quicksand is on dry ground and not underwater, but even if underwater, sinking is still improbable). Quicksand has a density of about 2 grams per milliliter, whereas the density of the human body is only about 1 gram per milliliter. At that level of density, sinking beyond about waist height in quicksand is impossible.
Even objects with a higher density than quicksand will float on it if stationary. Aluminum, for example, has a density of about 2.7 grams per milliliter, but a piece of aluminum will float on top of quicksand until motion causes the sand to liquefy. Continued or panicked movement, however, may cause a person to sink further in the quicksand. Since this increasingly impairs movement, it can lead to a situation where other factors such as weather exposure, dehydration, hypothermia, tides or predators may harm a trapped person. Quicksand may be escaped by slow movement of the legs in order to increase viscosity of the fluid, and rotation of the body so as to float in the supine position (lying horizontally with the face and torso facing up).
In popular culture Quicksand is a trope of adventure fiction, particularly in film, where it is typically and unrealistically depicted with a suction effect that causes people or animals that walk into it to sink and risk drowning. This has led to the popular perception that humans can be completely immersed and drown in quicksand; as previously explained, this is not physically possible. According to a 2010 article by Slate, this gimmick had its heyday in the 1960s, when almost 3% of all films showed characters sinking in clay, mud, or sand. See also Dry quicksand Quick condition Sapric (a soil of very decomposed organic material) Tar pit Grain entrapment References External links Howstuffworks.com - How quicksand works Video showing quicksand in a sandpit YouTube Category:Sand Category:Sediments Category:Geological hazards Category:Soil mechanics
Tommy Paxton-Beesley, known professionally as River Tiber, is a Canadian singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and record producer. Background Paxton-Beesley is from Toronto, Ontario and graduated from the Berklee School of Music. He released his debut EP The Star Falls in 2013, and followed up in 2015 with When the Time Is Right. A track from the latter EP, "No Talk", was sampled by Drake for "No Tellin'", from his 2015 album If You're Reading This It's Too Late. Paxton-Beesley has also collaborated with BADBADNOTGOOD on their 2015 album Sour Soul, with Kaytranada on his Polaris Music Prize-winning 99.9%, and with Jazz Cartier on a track for Hotel Paranoia.
He released his debut full-length album Indigo in 2016. In 2017, he won a MuchMusic Video Award for "Acid Test", and the song was a shortlisted finalist for the SOCAN Songwriting Prize in 2017. Personal life He is the brother of actress Alex Paxton-Beesley. Discography Studio albums From Now On (2011) Synapses (2013) Indigo (2016) Extended plays The Star Falls (2013) When the Time Is Right (2015) References Category:Canadian rhythm and blues musicians Category:Musicians from Toronto Category:Berklee College of Music alumni Category:Living people Category:21st-century Canadian musicians Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
This is a list of fictional characters that have been explicitly described within the work in which they appear, or otherwise by the author, as having conditions on the autism spectrum. It is not intended to include speculation. Comics Film Literature Television Theater Video games References Autism Fictional characters on the autistic spectrum
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Rabiya Javeri Agha (born Rabiya Adila Javeri on December 2, 1963) is a senior civil servant officer in the Government of Pakistan. At present, she is the Federal Secretary of the Ministry of Human Rights . The first and only unanimously elected female President of the Pakistan Administrative Service (PAS) Officers Association, Agha has had an extensive career in Pakistan's bureaucracy ranging from women's development, sustainable tourism, energy, finance and trade. At present, she is one of the senior most female civil service officers in BPS-22 grade, the highest attainable rank for a serving officer in Pakistan.
During her time as Secretary at the Ministry of Human Rights, Agha was instrumental in the drafting and promulgation of various legislation such as the National Commission on the Rights of the Child Act 2017, the Hindu Marriage Act, 2017, the Islamabad Capital Territory Child Protection Act, 2018 and the Juvenile Justice System Act, 2018 Agha was also instrumental in drafting a legislation against child marriage in the Sindh province. The Sindh Marriage Restraint Act 2013 was Pakistan's first law establishing the age of marriage at 18 years and above. In February 2020, Agha was central in developing and presenting the 5th Periodical CEDAW Report, in Geneva, Switzerland.
The Pakistan delegation led by Agha was also the first in history to include a transgender activist and expert in its presentation at the Convention . Moreover, from 2013-2017, Agha was integral in reorganising the Trade Development Authority of Pakistan, during her time as Secretary. Early life Rabiya is the daughter of jeweller Seth Hasan Javeri, who belonged to Nawanagar State and Ayesha Rafique Javeri , of Allahabad originally. She is also the sister of photographer Tapu Javeri and artist Zehra Laila Javeri. Her early education was at Convent of Jesus and Mary and Karachi Grammar School. She graduated with a double major in Politics and English Literature from Mount Holyoke College.