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Buddhism
Mahayana Buddhism flourished in India from the 5th century CE onwards, during the dynasty of the Guptas. Mahāyāna centres of learning were established, the most important one being the Nālandā University in north-eastern India.
What kind of schools were created?
{ "text": [ "Mahāyāna" ], "answer_start": [ 105 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Mahayana Buddhism flourished in India from the 5th century CE onwards, during the dynasty of the Guptas. Mahāyāna centres of learning were established, the most important one being the Nālandā University in north-eastern India.
Where would one obtain a higher learning degree?
{ "text": [ "Nālandā University" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
What is the second mentioned Buddhism practice to emerge?
{ "text": [ "Engaged Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
New forms of Buddhism sprang up during the latter part of the twentieth what?
{ "text": [ "Century" ], "answer_start": [ 98 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
What nonspecific change was the result of movements in Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "further development of various Western Buddhist traditions" ], "answer_start": [ 211 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
How did the Dalit Buddhist movement become?
{ "text": [ "modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 12 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
Did Buddhism advance during the second or first portion of the century preceding the 21st?
{ "text": [ "second" ], "answer_start": [ 74 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
Which buddhism practice was first mentioned to emerge during the 20th century?
{ "text": [ "the Dalit Buddhist movement" ], "answer_start": [ 117 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
Which specific type of movement was not referred to as neo-Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "Engaged Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
How are Dalit Buddhism and neo-Buddism related?
{ "text": [ "Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism')" ], "answer_start": [ 121 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
A number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerged during the second half of the 20th Century, including the Dalit Buddhist movement (also sometimes called 'neo-Buddhism'), Engaged Buddhism, and the further development of various Western Buddhist traditions.
What happened to new Buddhism in modern times?
{ "text": [ "emerged" ], "answer_start": [ 55 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
Who is bodhisattva?
{ "text": [ "buddha" ], "answer_start": [ 247 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
What do you need to get to be a buddha?
{ "text": [ "bodhi" ], "answer_start": [ 227 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
What is the main idea of the passage?
{ "text": [ "arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well" ], "answer_start": [ 47 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
Why is the bodhisattva full of hallucination?
{ "text": [ "achieves nirvana" ], "answer_start": [ 151 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
what is still subject to delusion?
{ "text": [ "the arahant" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
The bodhisattva will do what if he achieves nirvana?
{ "text": [ "attains bodhi and becomes a buddha" ], "answer_start": [ 219 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
What are the principles of Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "freed from greed, hate and delusion" ], "answer_start": [ 356 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
What does the passage make clear that arahant hinges upon?
{ "text": [ "according to Mahayana Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 11 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
what can you be free of by obtaining nirvana?
{ "text": [ "delusion" ], "answer_start": [ 193 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
bodhi and nirvana carry what in the early texts?
{ "text": [ "same meaning" ], "answer_start": [ 306 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
Who is full of hallucination?
{ "text": [ "arahant" ], "answer_start": [ 47 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion.
What conclusion is drawn in regards to arahant?
{ "text": [ "He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha" ], "answer_start": [ 211 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Who seeks the ultimate goal of the Theravadins?
{ "text": [ "the meditator" ], "answer_start": [ 586 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Which of the following is considered desirable in Buddhism: hatred, defilements or Nibbana?
{ "text": [ "Nibbāna" ], "answer_start": [ 652 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Which of the following is not a technique to reduce defilements: internal investigation, suffering or analyzing?
{ "text": [ "suffering" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
What is the root of most suffering according to Thervadin beliefs?
{ "text": [ "craving" ], "answer_start": [ 83 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Based on Theravadin beliefs, most negative human behaviors ultimately stem from some type of?
{ "text": [ "craving" ], "answer_start": [ 83 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Coveting a friends spouse would be considered by the Theradins as one of many what?
{ "text": [ "defilements" ], "answer_start": [ 126 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
According to this form of Buddhism, how does one get rid of the things that cause suffering?
{ "text": [ "by using jhāna" ], "answer_start": [ 515 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
What does jhāna entail?
{ "text": [ "internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements" ], "answer_start": [ 408 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Of what religion are the people who want to achieve Nibbāna?
{ "text": [ "Theravāda Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Which of the following is not a defilement, delusion, enlightenment or hatred?
{ "text": [ "Enlightenment" ], "answer_start": [ 634 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
Excessive avarice would be described by the Theravadins as one of several?
{ "text": [ "defilements" ], "answer_start": [ 126 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In Theravāda Buddhism, the cause of human existence and suffering is identified as craving, which carries with it the various defilements. These various defilements are traditionally summed up as greed, hatred and delusion. These are believed deeply rooted afflictions of the mind that create suffering and stress. To be free from suffering and stress, these defilements must be permanently uprooted through internal investigation, analyzing, experiencing, and understanding of the true nature of those defilements by using jhāna, a technique of the Noble Eightfold Path. It then leads the meditator to realize the Four Noble Truths, Enlightenment and Nibbāna. Nibbāna is the ultimate goal of Theravadins.
What would hatred be considered in this form of Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "defilements" ], "answer_start": [ 126 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
During what activity are yogis not supposed to meditate?
{ "text": [ "defecating" ], "answer_start": [ 440 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
What did Buddha improve?
{ "text": [ "built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques" ], "answer_start": [ 104 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
What was a belief of yogis before Buddha?
{ "text": [ "theories of liberation" ], "answer_start": [ 215 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
Why can it be assumed that Buddhists did not invent meditation?
{ "text": [ "Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
Buddhists dismissed the yogis theories of liberation, but were able to evolve on their
{ "text": [ "tradition" ], "answer_start": [ 405 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
What about the yogi's practices did the Buddha not like?
{ "text": [ "theories of liberation" ], "answer_start": [ 215 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
While both the yogi and the Buddha valued introspection, leading to some overlap, the yogi believed in
{ "text": [ "theories of liberation" ], "answer_start": [ 215 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
What part of the yogi's practices did the Buddha add to?
{ "text": [ "concern with introspection" ], "answer_start": [ 126 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
The yogis are exempt from honing their skills during certain acts, such as defecating, but what about the Buddha?
{ "text": [ "mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
What did Buddha improve on the most?
{ "text": [ "mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
Which type of yogi should refrain from any practice in the potty?
{ "text": [ "Brahmanical tradition" ], "answer_start": [ 393 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
What is the most important development for Buddha?
{ "text": [ "mindfulness and clear awareness" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
Awareness is crucial for both the yogi and the Buddha, but what is the distinction?
{ "text": [ "In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times" ], "answer_start": [ 239 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
Before Buddha, what did yogis do?
{ "text": [ "Meditation" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
What was a practice that yogis didn't have pre-Buddha?
{ "text": [ "mindfulness and clear awareness" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What shows that Buddhists are polytheistic
{ "text": [ "mundane deities" ], "answer_start": [ 227 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What's the expensive rock mean
{ "text": [ "declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path" ], "answer_start": [ 500 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What does taking refuge in the Three Jewels reveal?
{ "text": [ "distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist" ], "answer_start": [ 573 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
The Three Jewels are also called what?
{ "text": [ "the triple gem" ], "answer_start": [ 459 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
The triple gem is also called what?
{ "text": [ "the Three Jewels" ], "answer_start": [ 351 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What is believed about a supreme being
{ "text": [ "mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator" ], "answer_start": [ 227 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What practice, in the faith of those who follow the man formerly known as Siddhartha Gautama, serves to help the adherent control pecuniary lust?
{ "text": [ "giving charity" ], "answer_start": [ 672 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
Rather than agreeing on their respective practices, Buddhist schools do what?
{ "text": [ "vary on the exact nature" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What specific elements in the faith of the followers of the man formerly known as Siddhartha Gautama make up the core also known as the Triple Gem?
{ "text": [ "Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community)" ], "answer_start": [ 373 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What element of monotheistic religions is not a part of the faith of the followers of the man formerly known as Siddhartha Gautama?
{ "text": [ "Buddhism denies a creator deity" ], "answer_start": [ 179 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What level of similarity exists among the followers of the man formerly known as Siddhartha Gautama in relation to help human beings become free and their own textual and practical relevance?
{ "text": [ "Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
Instead of having the same approach to the importance of and canonicity of various teaching and scriptures, Buddhist schools do what?
{ "text": [ "vary on the exact nature" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.
Rather than agree on the path to liberation, Buddhist schools do what?
{ "text": [ "vary on the exact nature" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What might be the central goal regarding the dukkha?
{ "text": [ "overcome" ], "answer_start": [ 281 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What is a term for mentally perceiving something that doesn't actually exist?
{ "text": [ "conceptual" ], "answer_start": [ 119 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What might underlie the Buddhist religious views?
{ "text": [ "the Four Noble Truths" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What does dukkha not explain: suffering, unsatisfactoriness, or framework?
{ "text": [ "framework" ], "answer_start": [ 130 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
f9c4f5dc5300f98e8fdacd31a8e5d16339ae53bb
Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What does dukkha explain: Anxiety or Conceptual?
{ "text": [ "anxiety" ], "answer_start": [ 221 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
b624a6ab30cf6498b2cb769e8b750c64c24db4f9
Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
Who might try to over come suffering, anxiety, and unsatisfactoriness?
{ "text": [ "Buddhist" ], "answer_start": [ 144 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What doesn't dukkha explain: anxiety, suffering, or central?
{ "text": [ "central" ], "answer_start": [ 55 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What does the Four Noble Truths make clear?
{ "text": [ "the nature of dukkha" ], "answer_start": [ 188 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
Who might try to understand the nature of dukkha?
{ "text": [ "Buddhist" ], "answer_start": [ 144 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What aspect of dukkha might someone be feeling after doing bad on a test that they had studied for?
{ "text": [ "unsatisfactoriness" ], "answer_start": [ 230 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What is the opposite of a falsehood?
{ "text": [ "Truths" ], "answer_start": [ 32 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What additional understanding might be needed in overcoming dukkha beside its nature?
{ "text": [ "its causes" ], "answer_start": [ 251 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What aspect of dukkha might someone be feeling before giving a big presentation?
{ "text": [ "anxiety" ], "answer_start": [ 221 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
What did Gautama Buddha teach other than Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana?
{ "text": [ "dependent origination" ], "answer_start": [ 386 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
Which of these is among the main scriptures of Buddhism: the four Nikayas, the Four Noble Truths or the Noble Eightfold Path?
{ "text": [ "four principal Nikayas" ], "answer_start": [ 143 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
Why do some scholars propose other theories?
{ "text": [ "disagree" ], "answer_start": [ 504 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
what is the opposite of none?
{ "text": [ "all" ], "answer_start": [ 79 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
What do most scholars recognize?
{ "text": [ "Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
Which are there more of, Noble Truths or Aggregates?
{ "text": [ "Aggregates" ], "answer_start": [ 374 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
Why do most scholars agree on the teachings of Gautama Buddha?
{ "text": [ "Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts" ], "answer_start": [ 177 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
What is the opposite of late?
{ "text": [ "early" ], "answer_start": [ 238 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
Which is not a last name, Pitaka or Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 48 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism is the earliest phase of Buddhism, recognized by nearly all scholars. Its main scriptures are the Vinaya Pitaka and the four principal Nikayas or Agamas. Certain basic teachings appear in many places throughout the early texts, so most scholars conclude that Gautama Buddha must have taught something similar to the Three marks of existence, the Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma and rebirth, the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana. Some scholars disagree, and have proposed many other theories.
Which are there fewer of, marks of existence or aggregates?
{ "text": [ "marks of existence" ], "answer_start": [ 345 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Which happened closer to the 20th century, Mahayana Sutras spread to China or Buddhism spread from India to Tebet?
{ "text": [ "Buddhism spread from India to Tibet" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Where did Mahayana Sutras spread to second, China or Japan?
{ "text": [ "Japan" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Where was Buddha most practiced?
{ "text": [ "India to Tibet and Mongolia" ], "answer_start": [ 218 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Which did not spread to China and then to Korea, Mahayana Sutras or Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Which did not spread from India to Tibet, Mahayana Sutras or Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "Mahayana Sutras" ], "answer_start": [ 23 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
What was rampant during the 10th century?
{ "text": [ "Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Where did Mahayana Sutras spread to second, China or Korea?
{ "text": [ "Korea" ], "answer_start": [ 68 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Where was the second place that Mahayna Sutras would reach?
{ "text": [ "Korea" ], "answer_start": [ 68 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Where did Mahayna Sutras initiially move to after the 1st century?
{ "text": [ "China" ], "answer_start": [ 49 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Which spread to a new place second, Mahayana Sutras or Buddhism?
{ "text": [ "Buddhism" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
In the 2nd century CE, Mahayana Sutras spread to China, and then to Korea and Japan, and were translated into Chinese. During the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism (from the 8th century onwards), Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia.
Where did Mahayana finally reach?
{ "text": [ "Japan" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Vinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different standards for the degree of adherence to Vinaya. Novice-monks use the ten precepts, which are the basic precepts for monastics.
What do the new monks learn?
{ "text": [ "ten precepts" ], "answer_start": [ 372 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Vinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different standards for the degree of adherence to Vinaya. Novice-monks use the ten precepts, which are the basic precepts for monastics.
How many rules do monks follow when they are beginners?
{ "text": [ "ten" ], "answer_start": [ 372 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }
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Buddhism
Vinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different standards for the degree of adherence to Vinaya. Novice-monks use the ten precepts, which are the basic precepts for monastics.
What else besides standards can be different depending on the school?
{ "text": [ "scriptures on Vinaya" ], "answer_start": [ 181 ] }
{ "split": "train", "model_in_the_loop": "Combined" }