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265f25b3f3dfe3ee292b33674ddbedafa1a9bc9a | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | What hue were the original Islamic opaque glazes? | {
"text": [
"blue"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
762e458ed2f03c2605667c32eb5ba410fd63add0 | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | What was used in the production of the glazing? | {
"text": [
"Tin"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b0a6232d97b2c5553321863347fb30e117c7ced2 | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | What location was important in ceramics for approximately 500 years? | {
"text": [
"Damascus"
],
"answer_start": [
547
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
439d1d60d0bdaed581d567f7e3e7668ae7ba0d7d | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | What is the coating applied to? | {
"text": [
"ceramics"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
da389367ac0394c4b258dbf7b207e820ec5356b0 | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | What region were centers for ceramic pottery located in? | {
"text": [
"Old world"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3d7d79d08396f4cda89be89d69ecc2f89d56fd95 | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | After Basra, which location was the next to be known for producing ceramics? | {
"text": [
"Fustat"
],
"answer_start": [
520
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2c0e24dc28d8584ddc6737e35dd112dca54ba5fd | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | What, specifically, did Basra contribute? | {
"text": [
"blue-painted ware"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e88abefc3b88f7908910305dc408d8ddc6ca7558 | Muslim_world | Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550). | Which non-Egyptian and non-Iraqi location was also important? | {
"text": [
"Tabriz"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e9b408176254c39e6fdea4db6bd6dcfc9acdee8d | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | __ is equal parts art and science. | {
"text": [
"arabesques"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
eea97ab7202e7db183f383950c7f0dbe0ec02071 | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | What are the religious facilities Muslims are famous for? | {
"text": [
"Mosque"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2f115f8acd1c0c63d07d4e11b5b83f443ee5ed0f | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | The design of a mosque is a type of? | {
"text": [
"architecture"
],
"answer_start": [
291
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e262775b83c03f3f4282a6b6b76637ac38649bab | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | A palace and a tomb are both types of? | {
"text": [
"buildings and structures"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ec79e284f7b6c6dac35622b56d7e6a3ead178609 | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | Mistakes in __ are meant to show that only Allah produces perfection. | {
"text": [
"arabesques"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c6fdde6434f6bf6f4e45339ae23b902faf3388d1 | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | A mosque is visually important because it is? | {
"text": [
"the most important expression of Islamic art"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
44adcb19416e88386e8ac47cd6dbbf725705c074 | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | What emblems of nature can be found in Islamic buildings? | {
"text": [
"foliage based arabesques"
],
"answer_start": [
497
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
15b77b263225e4392751dafca0a2ee757726e897 | Muslim_world | Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly that of the mosque. Through Islamic architecture, effects of varying cultures within Islamic civilization can be illustrated. Generally, the use of Islamic geometric patterns and foliage based arabesques were striking. There was also the use of decorative calligraphy instead of pictures which were haram (forbidden) in mosque architecture. Note that in secular architecture, human and animal representation was indeed present. | __ are very similar across regions. | {
"text": [
"arabesques"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b1a9ae4a638ad99a4e3491470dafaee23e8c0fc2 | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | Which author is mentioned here with only his Latin name? | {
"text": [
"Avicenna's"
],
"answer_start": [
440
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
63b4dc5f79cca50c648acb72b21d866648c12f5b | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | what ethnic group is mentioned second to last? | {
"text": [
"European"
],
"answer_start": [
770
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
77be18c81275806bb7f26a91bd2a543c7114628d | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | what field of study is mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"pharmacy"
],
"answer_start": [
887
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e0a9480fee63b7effdfbd320e4f317510a054c3c | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | what group is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"Muslim physicians"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c2e287ff11949173c559c1e704fd171b2f000c68 | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | What is the second system mentioned in the text that had diagrams in the Anatomy of the body? | {
"text": [
"nervous"
],
"answer_start": [
302
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2ad3f6cea1ec4a9af2bf1f3537db46abd660834a | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | Which book title has a word in it that also means a musical piece? | {
"text": [
"The Canon of Medicine"
],
"answer_start": [
451
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a47c742d260e50a6df361c97bc103ce0473a463b | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | what is the first occupation mentioned? | {
"text": [
"physicians"
],
"answer_start": [
7
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a2ecd1180e9d206e65f752ed87bb27374c90c04f | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | What is the other title of Book of Concessions? | {
"text": [
"Kitab al-Tasrif"
],
"answer_start": [
658
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
42cbbd3079fe00bc917e51c83817140aba85e14d | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | What is the other title of Anatomy of the body? | {
"text": [
"Tashrih al-badan"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5f406b315acdbcb8305d4b7b4b8452fe02c5ee0e | Muslim_world | Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy. | what field of study is mentioned second to last? | {
"text": [
"pharmacology"
],
"answer_start": [
870
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
01d57c4363dcf3f0575c96786f06c58f508c7adc | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | What makes Palermo more accessible to tourists? | {
"text": [
"international airport"
],
"answer_start": [
509
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9d12ba6e7a690ebc0ba19aff22dc53bf9e95e6e5 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | Which of the following has a bigger population: Italy or Palermo? | {
"text": [
"Italy"
],
"answer_start": [
755
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
aa6bc3334f6e06c5b07639241672dd1cca262e49 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | What three factors contributed to Palermo's popularity and size? | {
"text": [
"for cultural, artistic and economic reasons"
],
"answer_start": [
597
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
53d3ca40e835adbf99c6797fedb3bc87784cb678 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | What country is Palermo in? | {
"text": [
"Italy"
],
"answer_start": [
755
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
93a220c339ba9f90c0f4b0983abb0948d0a8f990 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | In what area does Palermo hold a ranking based on size? | {
"text": [
"Mediterranean"
],
"answer_start": [
687
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1feea6c2ce776b91b5667b5c4f7112c5d97c94b8 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | Which of the following is not a main industrial sector in Palermo: tourism, commerce, or churches? | {
"text": [
"churches"
],
"answer_start": [
278
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9c3991421e58a31e859bae93c5570c6d73b69065 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | What ethnicity are the residents of Palermo? | {
"text": [
"Sicilian"
],
"answer_start": [
360
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
eb78ee39831522d432e82f70ec00d6e6b7547b04 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | What specific cultural attractions does the city have to offer? | {
"text": [
"renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
10955786cdb56e891c757de59e6c56e6605c5234 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | Which of the following is not a type of church: Romanesque, Sicilian or Gothic? | {
"text": [
"Sicilian"
],
"answer_start": [
360
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bfa752e4657442b39a3819ef876398a32d20d339 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | What is one of the most popular places for tourists to visit in Italy and Europe? | {
"text": [
"Palermo"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a7f9249df999064042fbea77eed9e5a273e0114e | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | From where does Palermo receive a major amount of financial support? | {
"text": [
"significant underground economy"
],
"answer_start": [
538
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e2cef35e46308e026b42db779a99ae5176ac3612 | Palermo | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its nightlife and music. Palermo is the main Sicilian industrial and commercial center: the main industrial sectors include tourism, services, commerce and agriculture. Palermo currently has an international airport, and a significant underground economy.[citation needed] In fact, for cultural, artistic and economic reasons, Palermo was one of the largest cities in the Mediterranean and is now among the top tourist destinations in both Italy and Europe. The city is also going through careful redevelopment, preparing to become one of the major cities of the Euro-Mediterranean area. | Where does a major part of Palermo's economy come from? | {
"text": [
"underground economy"
],
"answer_start": [
550
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
052e06a4357ac8bb5e1bd8a612daf230602c679a | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | What separate area in the port is reserved for the private use of various boats? | {
"text": [
"tourist marina"
],
"answer_start": [
578
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cb3ddd74b4d51b126ae2c753a82a36fd16e0fc2d | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | What are the largest tourist attractions to use the port? | {
"text": [
"cruise ships"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9c0aca5a464598695f15e450a15c0cd2c2cd43a9 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | The tourist marina is a specific area within a port that is important to what larger area? | {
"text": [
"Sicily"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b0b413c775f2d4ca68e5b54108e644de5a8cc4c4 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | What represents the amount of product coming and going from the port? | {
"text": [
"almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU"
],
"answer_start": [
353
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8f36eed24c2af420678703cac793e4a1ab8a6a00 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | In addition to places like Cagliari and Tunis, what other smaller places are connected? | {
"text": [
"islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands"
],
"answer_start": [
451
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cbf4ef7633d12f515bc7b6c7a110de3ababa1880 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | What is linked closely in importance with Palermo? | {
"text": [
"port of Messina"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2a6fa65c00efdc7c982ed9b100d9915732414758 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | What means of public transportation could one use to travel from Palermo to Naples? | {
"text": [
"ferries"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2235a7d60f3a266b069888152ed3b551aaf46973 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | Other than cruise ships, what floods the area along with ferries as measured throughout the year? | {
"text": [
"cargo"
],
"answer_start": [
380
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b4538a1d83f1a077338c7bb9f3d5ff8fa9df6490 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | What island am I visiting when I enter the port? | {
"text": [
"Sicily"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7974e67e3221474fa7a7fe71abbe361e9ea2169a | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | Which of the following is not a port linked to Palermo: Genoa, Naples or marina? | {
"text": [
"marina"
],
"answer_start": [
586
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c1615d9e4869251848447afba03ebaeab7e29e10 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | Which are there more of in Palermo, tonnes of cargo or TEU? | {
"text": [
"tonnes of cargo"
],
"answer_start": [
370
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0fac13a90b8ef4d7a076bad2809e65b0204a55d3 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | In addition to large amounts of cargo, what else moves yearly through this area? | {
"text": [
"2 million passengers"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
079d45c4167ec1ba2accfb92121217d96b8519b6 | Palermo | The port of Palermo, founded by the Phoenicians over 2,700 years ago, is, together with the port of Messina, the main port of Sicily. From here ferries link Palermo to Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Tunis and other cities and carry a total of almost 2 million passengers annually. It is also an important port for cruise ships. Traffic includes also almost 5 million tonnes of cargo and 80.000 TEU yearly. The port also has links to minor sicilian islands such as Ustica and the Aeolian Islands (via Cefalù in summer). Inside the Port of Palermo there is a section known as "tourist marina" for sailing yachts and catamarans. | Which of the following is not an island: Ustica, Phoenicians or Aeolian Island? | {
"text": [
"Phoenicians"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8ba42b7a021b6d450ccda0f0aae9a07161bb6e1b | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | what place is mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"Europe"
],
"answer_start": [
661
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8e1b05793f308b82a6891f1245e53b4f77f9db66 | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | What kind of ruler did Sicily have? | {
"text": [
"King"
],
"answer_start": [
457
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
eadfa56efa2e07ca69890754a2f7195dde21fe1e | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | what period in time is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"1072"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
91d8454c0129e8c8beb97497d4a9d067492eade9 | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | What did the family that made up the Hautevilles have that most do not? | {
"text": [
"army"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3c6ede7ecbe05cbb5bb934a9a57ede7594098a77 | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | what type of land formation is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"Peninsula"
],
"answer_start": [
335
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
846bf4bd3a8b0a05eed4899a800447e8c74ee61d | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | what place is mentioned second to last? | {
"text": [
"The Kingdom of Sicily"
],
"answer_start": [
600
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e16d5c72b3c623d55df9be50d90a464cf396bdfb | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | How did they communicate prior to 1072? | {
"text": [
"dynastic quarrels"
],
"answer_start": [
6
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c6439a98eb7378af65c2531dc0a4f59397181aed | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | What religious teachings did Roger endorse? | {
"text": [
"Norman"
],
"answer_start": [
272
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
19404d3b1dd87708c1afad501701898c4b97a1e8 | Palermo | After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe. | what location is mentioned fourth to last? | {
"text": [
"Palazzo dei Normanni"
],
"answer_start": [
482
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f0076d2f0f7203730666ed6e5b723533f905f238 | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | Which of the following did not characterize the brethren of the Dominican Order: urban, collective or contemplative? | {
"text": [
"collective"
],
"answer_start": [
819
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f292bd7f37bc0fd9eccd84af2d41ad9acb230be5 | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | What did the nuns do to the Dominican characteristics besides absorbing them? | {
"text": [
"made those characteristics their own"
],
"answer_start": [
628
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9aa299fc2a530e5046ba258cc4c91562a4423c9c | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | How was spirituality of brethren of the Dominican Order described? | {
"text": [
"contemplative and mystical"
],
"answer_start": [
458
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8282932648c34b5856a4db2b0ae721203e25bead | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | Which of the following was not part of the Dominicans' daily routine: prayer, deprivation or meditation? | {
"text": [
"deprivation"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cf35f5834fb0441c0415fd087118721832aaf6aa | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | How was the government described? | {
"text": [
"highly developed"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
79211748b01a8b5d3fc00f45e99f91c061d02fde | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | What did Dominicans do besides study, prayer and meditation? | {
"text": [
"preaching"
],
"answer_start": [
325
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7cda0f50fd2eb7e9293d9a8729a8e254092805a4 | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | What practice represented a lack of materialism within the Dominican Order? | {
"text": [
"worldly deprivation"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6fb6f94572e3fc526bf9dfc229edf54dfb63b082 | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | Which of the following was not one of Dominic's inspiring qualities: learning, deprivation or virtue? | {
"text": [
"deprivation"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
136d325e201cacc4a1c24015f455be42cda1ea07 | Dominican_Order | Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits had an impact on the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart. | Of the traits of the Order discussed in the article, what strays from the religious and intellectual to the worldly? | {
"text": [
"highly developed governmental structure"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bcdb0bdfefa54a86f044b0ada64a19dff170c7fc | Dominican_Order | Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677) | For nine years he served as master of the general order? | {
"text": [
"Humbert of Romans"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8796781bc781abd2f7e06d86cd831db8743b1ec3 | Dominican_Order | Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677) | He encouraged the Dominicans to study the study of language? | {
"text": [
"Humbert of Romans"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1a36ac1a2f3584cfd14a3a4f2c2570c58c4c3318 | Dominican_Order | Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677) | What office does Humbert quote Lyons is directly ordained for the salvation of souls? | {
"text": [
"preaching"
],
"answer_start": [
748
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e51b4af831c63bb088b04d692865cc18d2f2ecf6 | Dominican_Order | Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677) | What specific skill did the master general urge his students to pursue? | {
"text": [
"Arabic"
],
"answer_start": [
339
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
76ece6614036a64cdce29c98ce7e8d260d24639b | Dominican_Order | Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677) | What activity does Lyon describe when he says" ...for it is not without great danger..."? | {
"text": [
"preaching"
],
"answer_start": [
748
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
faf6f857c10c046695f8bfbc81d388057049784d | Dominican_Order | Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677) | Who did Humbert spend a lot of time on while master general? | {
"text": [
"young preachers"
],
"answer_start": [
633
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5ae78a4e13bea7d63df1df2ca7488463bd58194b | Dominican_Order | Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677) | Humbert encouraged the study of Arabic among them because Muslims in the Middle East forced those led astray to convert? | {
"text": [
"Dominicans"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
61e4daa93cb436185b75c2c6efed3793f3bf36b0 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | In the Christian Church, what is a metropolitan or district under an archbishop called? | {
"text": [
"Province"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ecd2dcb6ce2730d4ce71d49925ec71d4d2fd7f6a | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | Germany, France, and Spain are all examples of which types of countries? | {
"text": [
"European"
],
"answer_start": [
333
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e03e899079a66fdf0330b7f26f75e5100ec34069 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | The descriptor used for someone should they act frank or straight to the point, opposite to indirect is? | {
"text": [
"direct"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
634ed7a84d279def10d233598ec822c83ce5ccc0 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | What is the final thing mentioned that the English Province got from the international order? | {
"text": [
"instructions"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9bb6530b94c90dec7478201e74d3b14b8cf69786 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | A single type of lens worn over the eye to correct vision, akin to glasses is called a? | {
"text": [
"contact"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ca9c28926db8a4a849eb4a2250423a76d75f6981 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | What is the second thing mentioned that the English Province got from the international order? | {
"text": [
"direction"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6d620b0f3270ee5a019986dc1725e265742bc718 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | The text listed several actions the national did in response to the international side, which one refers to becoming adjusted to something? | {
"text": [
"adapted"
],
"answer_start": [
489
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6ed86c9bd52bab8340bbddc5413967ac25813578 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | A company that exists in various nations, or even serves various nations is described to be? | {
"text": [
"international"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
885cb622cade14da18cf3a498d242f2810836d28 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | What is the first thing mentioned that the English Province got from the international order? | {
"text": [
"laws"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e66c56e993461835d14190ee20f12f0f09206134 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | A competition that affects the whole country or a nation is given which description? | {
"text": [
"national"
],
"answer_start": [
448
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9bb180fd013b53f677e4b8e5d9c50d2b7f07ae63 | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | Basic components of a dish are called? | {
"text": [
"ingredients"
],
"answer_start": [
342
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
25ec082561ce3fbd50bb28754d3b2cfb625270bf | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | Countries or regions under the control of the ancient Roman government were referred to as a? | {
"text": [
"Province"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0034c87f9e1e597bd1a978bd2a55404cd1da94cc | Dominican_Order | The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international. | Of the types of areas members of the English Province labored in, which refers to the smallest collection of houses or buildings? | {
"text": [
"villages"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7da0a748b64bf5d47725542d6c48602df6157235 | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | What was the Friars Minor and Friars Preachers led by? | {
"text": [
"the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman"
],
"answer_start": [
361
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
191d0c6f986f9be882f7556b3a60651c520ca2fd | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | Where could you find priests a century before the Dominican Order came into being? | {
"text": [
"behind the walls of a cloister"
],
"answer_start": [
161
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6593afe2b292fdbf9f750d656ba279550580a5e7 | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | The Dominican Order started to view religion in a new way in what time? | {
"text": [
"Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6b65ea290691db4a35ddf597f6a492200cf6f0d4 | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | Franciscans followed who? | {
"text": [
"Francis of Assisi"
],
"answer_start": [
390
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
13d917768644f16eb7aa2e55780da3b1bf259edf | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | The major change is that a certain demographic began interacting more with the populace, this demographic is? | {
"text": [
"Men of God"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9eaa08ea323585b1690927e9eb860c5d124e8180 | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | Who were the first to travel among the people? | {
"text": [
"apostles of the primitive Church"
],
"answer_start": [
264
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1e7aac0766824157495057840e825b45881901fc | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | Which came later, the primitive Church or the Friars Preachers? | {
"text": [
"Friars Preachers"
],
"answer_start": [
424
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
77a35a4c3a8fa8384399398870faeb8f8f042a29 | Dominican_Order | The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when religion began to be contemplated in a new way. Men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a need. | How many new orders were there involving the mendicant? | {
"text": [
"two orders of mendicant friars"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4b09a4e80d19a47f780566eb6f2182538f78e262 | Dominican_Order | Prior Diego saw immediately one of the paramount reasons for the spread of the unorthodox movement: the representatives of the Holy Church acted and moved with an offensive amount of pomp and ceremony. On the other hand, the Cathars lived in a state of self-sacrifice that was widely appealing. For these reasons, Prior Diego suggested that the papal legates begin to live a reformed apostolic life. The legates agreed to change if they could find a strong leader. The prior took up the challenge, and he and Dominic dedicated themselves to the conversion of the Albigensians. Despite this particular mission, in winning the Albigensians over by persuasion Dominic met limited success, "for though in his ten years of preaching a large number of converts were made, it has to be said that the results were not such as had been hoped for." | How did Diego want the Holy Church to be model Cathars? | {
"text": [
"papal legates begin to live a reformed apostolic life"
],
"answer_start": [
345
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1c61f210fb1a9a9e60d5e60dcd20664190ed39ef | Dominican_Order | Prior Diego saw immediately one of the paramount reasons for the spread of the unorthodox movement: the representatives of the Holy Church acted and moved with an offensive amount of pomp and ceremony. On the other hand, the Cathars lived in a state of self-sacrifice that was widely appealing. For these reasons, Prior Diego suggested that the papal legates begin to live a reformed apostolic life. The legates agreed to change if they could find a strong leader. The prior took up the challenge, and he and Dominic dedicated themselves to the conversion of the Albigensians. Despite this particular mission, in winning the Albigensians over by persuasion Dominic met limited success, "for though in his ten years of preaching a large number of converts were made, it has to be said that the results were not such as had been hoped for." | How were the Cathars seen by Diego? | {
"text": [
"state of self-sacrifice"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7f6bcbe45a7c5b3510c1f25d8a2d26d470db4704 | Dominican_Order | Prior Diego saw immediately one of the paramount reasons for the spread of the unorthodox movement: the representatives of the Holy Church acted and moved with an offensive amount of pomp and ceremony. On the other hand, the Cathars lived in a state of self-sacrifice that was widely appealing. For these reasons, Prior Diego suggested that the papal legates begin to live a reformed apostolic life. The legates agreed to change if they could find a strong leader. The prior took up the challenge, and he and Dominic dedicated themselves to the conversion of the Albigensians. Despite this particular mission, in winning the Albigensians over by persuasion Dominic met limited success, "for though in his ten years of preaching a large number of converts were made, it has to be said that the results were not such as had been hoped for." | What was Diego concerned about? | {
"text": [
"Holy Church acted and moved with an offensive amount of pomp and ceremony"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
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