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dc4a71d843e5305c8243263a23f0272eb7fb74af | Pain | Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning. Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness. In some arguments put forth in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia debates, pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives. | What can make someone's life hard to life comfortably? | {
"text": [
"Pain"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9cf71c4b3bc641d5c8a9c00b72965e6356425a99 | Pain | Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning. Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness. In some arguments put forth in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia debates, pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives. | what is the first presented consequence of pain listed as a medical issue for people who experience it | {
"text": [
"interfere with a person's quality of life"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
db06b3278b48be5c1706d3e2bce55adc644efc57 | Pain | Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning. Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness. In some arguments put forth in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia debates, pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives. | What is considered a factor in patients ending their own lives? | {
"text": [
"pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives"
],
"answer_start": [
448
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4ee9b446a40b87776b01f4694d03304a6023d5fa | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | What characteristic most distinguishes breakthrough from background pain? | {
"text": [
"transitory"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0d85058271b8d5eddecc41b3354fd4bf3af0bbe6 | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | what drug is used for breakthrough pain | {
"text": [
"fentanyl"
],
"answer_start": [
535
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d65c11639c89807ce3257bcc6aad687589bde29d | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | how is breakthrough pain handled | {
"text": [
"intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl"
],
"answer_start": [
499
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4c8ceac23592d49f5093dc4667dafc1ef987f403 | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | this is usually controlled with medicine | {
"text": [
"background pain"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8d0d0f2ed5ee9533d6297688064175dabe833e74 | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | Which type of pain is harder to control with medications, breakthrough or background? | {
"text": [
"Breakthrough"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
55bdc2213e080a1c85be5f1dc842c9e0564926fd | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | Which type of pain is more severe, breakthrough or background? | {
"text": [
"Breakthrough"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5fe1a14cc348c862429aa28a557923107b015533 | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | How can breakthrough pain be managed? | {
"text": [
"intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl"
],
"answer_start": [
499
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7bdd56c70742f2b9c4ca372b62e4860d04eb9ad8 | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | What is breakthrough pain? | {
"text": [
"bouts of severe pain that from time to time \"breaks through\" the medication"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8bc0f760fd31554ce7526322cdf17f20cc09df0c | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | intensive use of opiods is used for what | {
"text": [
"Management of breakthrough pain"
],
"answer_start": [
456
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6a76e02f434f283756bccb533309252bf4c7843d | Pain | Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. | What is common in cancer patients? | {
"text": [
"Breakthrough pain"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
66c7bf0c0596bbd546dd7928a503ab24d19d1621 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What is not always accompanied by pain? | {
"text": [
"unpleasantness"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
32f9a9281bde13ae4796a1d82bc898920b6be0d6 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What can interfere how pain is perceived? | {
"text": [
"morphine injection or psychosurgery"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f1844ba9c213973869034922e1980f3f8a45c92b | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What is not always present when a person is in pain? | {
"text": [
"unpleasantness"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bb5325bd86370bfe65def89a64689fcf9838536e | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What drug is often used to help relieve pain? | {
"text": [
"morphine"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8c05857ce415e3e0d35602bf65e4cebb55bb8315 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | How does one gain an indifference to pain? | {
"text": [
"birth"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
86f9982574cd2f1431e2fff7c47c211e635aba17 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | How are certain people born with respect to their feelings of pain? | {
"text": [
"find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus"
],
"answer_start": [
484
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bee1e467b8e019f9e08aefccba54225802507369 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | How is pain usually measured? | {
"text": [
"unpleasantness"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
288b3d489787203e44df9a9027634856e13cbb0b | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | How can pain be relieved? | {
"text": [
"morphine"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0536a952981922fac509254ab29f3410f548cb79 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What kind of pain can be caused that doesn't bother people? | {
"text": [
"morphine injection or psychosurgery"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f85c2367524319668ef7d687c5ee6a459e82d0b7 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What is unique about people born with pain indifference? | {
"text": [
"have normal nerves on medical investigations"
],
"answer_start": [
434
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e52978f087a4e85f4c7a09e9347939492fe43512 | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | How do some psychosurgery patients describe their pain? | {
"text": [
"they have pain but are not bothered by it"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2181220dff75beef7a2f9c51454a7454143cd49d | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What can help with unpleasantness? | {
"text": [
"morphine"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
26729ef0ff5cdd18d2dd7f39084d18aeebec1bdb | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | If someone is experiencing pain, what type of drug is often given to them? | {
"text": [
"morphine"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
41d7c85299b9fbd742e5b96a1c18aa661642503c | Pain | Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus. | What effect does morphine have on pain sufferers? | {
"text": [
"they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
789aef7acd50cc5a537e5ad0f4ad4b94d46a127e | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | what leader is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"Gorbachev"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c15dbda91d6862707577273789d45e2fec5aae28 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | what group is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"the media"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4f15302fb050cfd9002e6d7ab92f655a7e2634e4 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | Who did not immediately act? | {
"text": [
"Soviet intelligentsia"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f55c5fcd2ae3157d612612c1643d374472933b3e | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | Gorbachev was in charge of the? | {
"text": [
"Communist Party"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fe4df9a3d9c06c5620fa6d3432c630a696befe04 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | What was Gorbachev's end goal in expanding the scope of Glasnost? | {
"text": [
"political reform"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6a5231bd2d1cbfab9728045df0141a409f7d1953 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | what policy is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"Glasnost"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
91f59588dab6b719e56acb6985d685c01f95a1ec | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | Who was given freedom of speech? | {
"text": [
"the media"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f2c5c489a9bbf13dad54be08ae8e7afba6fbf5dc | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | what is the third group mentioned? | {
"text": [
"the Communist Party"
],
"answer_start": [
278
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7b405b19998ed3c64672ebc244c1460a59d83a92 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | what group is mentioned second? | {
"text": [
"Soviet intelligentsia"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f5bf0c2615ce8925069751a4838abb73c935e53d | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | By allowing for open discussion in the media, what was Gorbachev achieving? | {
"text": [
"radically expanded the scope of Glasnost"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f1bca96113c2ab095191d6dfe707c2f6fd79f8db | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save. | Who went over the heads of Central committee members in order to gain the support of the people? | {
"text": [
"Gorbachev"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6f24f7021e5d84066c34a1d078e176126162cf7e | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | What was special about Gorbachev's speech? | {
"text": [
"nationally televised"
],
"answer_start": [
5
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
605e9cf32adfe0ec0a7ea5ce7b7d09f7889dfd61 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | What offical change did the Russian government make when Gorbachev resigned? | {
"text": [
"change Russia's legal name"
],
"answer_start": [
554
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
183688f135f3f451dd22d7374d4609c014d275ad | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | When did Gorbachev realize that the USSR was going under? | {
"text": [
"A week earlier"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f0704f90153853bfdedef1e7978c7976899a3faf | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | What time of day did Gorbachev make his announcement? | {
"text": [
"early in the morning"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4b57cef6185fb665ead36c44bf1e1aa873c1411b | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | How was the country led after Gorbachev resigned? | {
"text": [
"all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
03ab8bdd273794c59d6d7c4a31d89e33efd98df8 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | How did Gorbachev declare his resignation? | {
"text": [
"resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, \"I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
02b7eaa4be02112c71c12d9404a14b39aadde62b | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | What position had Gorbachev held until Christmas 1991? | {
"text": [
"President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e0721f9619fa5bf2cdde45aa01e2333ba67a85b5 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In a nationally televised speech early in the morning of December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned as president of the USSR – or, as he put it, "I hereby discontinue my activities at the post of President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics." He declared the office extinct, and all of its powers (such as control of the nuclear arsenal) were ceded to Yeltsin. A week earlier, Gorbachev had met with Yeltsin and accepted the fait accompli of the Soviet Union's dissolution. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR adopted a statute to change Russia's legal name from "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" to "Russian Federation," showing that it was now a sovereign state. | When did Gorbachev understand that the USSR was going under? | {
"text": [
"A week earlier"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6bf0c7d0cd078f60d4e81192201906609b9dfd50 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | What did Ivanshko do a week before Paraliament accepted his resignation letter? | {
"text": [
"resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4df3cb2689921cea80bcd4ef5c5a9d7866fd6253 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | Two days after Juy 16 becoming a Ukrainian national holiday, how did parliment respond to Ivanshko's resignation? | {
"text": [
"accepted the resignation"
],
"answer_start": [
393
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
247cbb4ba16617e0fa9c5fd72dea592c2ada0dad | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | when did Ivashko's resignation become official | {
"text": [
"July 18"
],
"answer_start": [
435
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1f211b3110c419c203feb291ccff9adb7d58d93e | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | The month prior to July 16 becoming a Ukrainian nationall holiday what did Ivanshko do? | {
"text": [
"withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a8aa75b15a8ace906f07a530969d2ad810cf857a | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | Ukraine and the Soviet Union both had a? | {
"text": [
"Communist Party"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7d8a132f624f778b47d2436a185c9c177e4cb6fa | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | What was voted on by parliment on the date that became a Ukarinian national holiday? | {
"text": [
"the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine"
],
"answer_start": [
490
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3785f889f0c5d8cc10c79d47b05d434b3af89e3c | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | Ivashko's politics were? | {
"text": [
"Communist"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a2af7a573031ab698007e9efeb7fa38b51881255 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | How many people did not vote to establish a Ukrainian national holiday on July 16? | {
"text": [
"5"
],
"answer_start": [
622
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c77799a72280eaf6810c940eb45e4cc7ee74ad94 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On June 22, 1990, Volodymyr Ivashko withdrew his candidacy for leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine in view of his new position in parliament. Stanislav Hurenko was elected first secretary of the CPU. On July 11, Ivashko resigned from his post as chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament after he was elected deputy general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Parliament accepted the resignation a week later, on July 18. On July 16 Parliament overwhelmingly approved the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine - with a vote of 355 in favour and four against. The people's deputies voted 339 to 5 to proclaim July 16 a Ukrainian national holiday. | July 16 is celebrated where? | {
"text": [
"Ukraine"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6e87281cb31bb0ca4c0d4dc4fa49b4af015c8d94 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | Guns with long spirally grooved barrels are called? | {
"text": [
"rifles"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
69b20449698cd8d6c07bd27dbee61a3584f09cc1 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | People were used as what during the fighting | {
"text": [
"hostages"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c6113c418fdab4f895013265aa4db47be170f5ec | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | What was made impassable during Elchibey's presidency besides bridges | {
"text": [
"roads"
],
"answer_start": [
479
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4dac21f85951502b7d3a18aeac31bfe4a25bb315 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | A 2D shape with four equal straight sides and four right angles is called? | {
"text": [
"Square"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
72e2ad58ac3f3170c2bd6179e932f5b41bc785fb | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | The humerus is a bone found in what kind of appendages? | {
"text": [
"arms"
],
"answer_start": [
383
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
58c23ca086e5b7f2d8d195037d75b7ecd5883887 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | An arbalist is a soldier that utilzes what kind of weapon? | {
"text": [
"crossbows"
],
"answer_start": [
418
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ca1b4922434d6bad0298084548c706967e9f108e | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | what weapon did not require gun powder | {
"text": [
"crossbows"
],
"answer_start": [
418
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5f06f98de7df4f1022b5012cb6eabbc0ec484836 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On July 16, 1989, the Popular Front of Azerbaijan held its first congress and elected Abulfaz Elchibey, who would become President, as its Chairman. On August 19, 600,000 protesters jammed Baku’s Lenin Square (now Azadliq Square) to demand the release of political prisoners. In the second half of 1989, weapons were handed out in Nagorno-Karabakh. When Karabakhis got hold of small arms to replace hunting rifles and crossbows, casualties began to mount; bridges were blown up, roads were blockaded, and hostages were taken. | The head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 was? | {
"text": [
"Lenin"
],
"answer_start": [
196
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c90831dc9b369054fe81543c7b600a19a73590eb | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On the night of December 25, 1991, at 7:32 p.m. Moscow time, after Gorbachev left the Kremlin, the Soviet flag was lowered for the last time, and the Russian tricolor was raised in its place, symbolically marking the end of the Soviet Union. The next day, December 26, 1991, the Council of Republics, the upper chamber of the Union's Supreme Soviet, issued a formal Declaration recognizing that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist as a state and subject of international law, and voted both itself and the Soviet Union out of existence (the other chamber of the Supreme Soviet, the Council of the Union, had been unable to work since December 12, 1991, when the recall of the Russian deputies left it without a quorum). The following day Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office, though the Russian authorities had taken over the suite two days earlier. By December 31, 1991, the few remaining Soviet institutions that had not been taken over by Russia ceased operation, and individual republics assumed the central government's role. | Which happened first, individual republics took over for the central government, or Russian deputies were recalled? | {
"text": [
"the recall of the Russian deputies"
],
"answer_start": [
659
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
61f7a788b31d9d0488fa9f8444c71faaf38a515c | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On the night of December 25, 1991, at 7:32 p.m. Moscow time, after Gorbachev left the Kremlin, the Soviet flag was lowered for the last time, and the Russian tricolor was raised in its place, symbolically marking the end of the Soviet Union. The next day, December 26, 1991, the Council of Republics, the upper chamber of the Union's Supreme Soviet, issued a formal Declaration recognizing that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist as a state and subject of international law, and voted both itself and the Soviet Union out of existence (the other chamber of the Supreme Soviet, the Council of the Union, had been unable to work since December 12, 1991, when the recall of the Russian deputies left it without a quorum). The following day Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office, though the Russian authorities had taken over the suite two days earlier. By December 31, 1991, the few remaining Soviet institutions that had not been taken over by Russia ceased operation, and individual republics assumed the central government's role. | Which happened later, Yeltsin occupied the office of Gorbachev, or the formal end of the Soviet Union? | {
"text": [
"Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office"
],
"answer_start": [
739
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a6321fbcb3299f60a4c4ea408def022ea12492d3 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On the night of December 25, 1991, at 7:32 p.m. Moscow time, after Gorbachev left the Kremlin, the Soviet flag was lowered for the last time, and the Russian tricolor was raised in its place, symbolically marking the end of the Soviet Union. The next day, December 26, 1991, the Council of Republics, the upper chamber of the Union's Supreme Soviet, issued a formal Declaration recognizing that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist as a state and subject of international law, and voted both itself and the Soviet Union out of existence (the other chamber of the Supreme Soviet, the Council of the Union, had been unable to work since December 12, 1991, when the recall of the Russian deputies left it without a quorum). The following day Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office, though the Russian authorities had taken over the suite two days earlier. By December 31, 1991, the few remaining Soviet institutions that had not been taken over by Russia ceased operation, and individual republics assumed the central government's role. | Which happened later, Yeltsin occupied the office of Gorbachev, or the symbolic end of the Soviet Union? | {
"text": [
"Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office"
],
"answer_start": [
739
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
758d984ee6cdcc9a97592d28483d0c8dad53ac30 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On the night of December 25, 1991, at 7:32 p.m. Moscow time, after Gorbachev left the Kremlin, the Soviet flag was lowered for the last time, and the Russian tricolor was raised in its place, symbolically marking the end of the Soviet Union. The next day, December 26, 1991, the Council of Republics, the upper chamber of the Union's Supreme Soviet, issued a formal Declaration recognizing that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist as a state and subject of international law, and voted both itself and the Soviet Union out of existence (the other chamber of the Supreme Soviet, the Council of the Union, had been unable to work since December 12, 1991, when the recall of the Russian deputies left it without a quorum). The following day Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office, though the Russian authorities had taken over the suite two days earlier. By December 31, 1991, the few remaining Soviet institutions that had not been taken over by Russia ceased operation, and individual republics assumed the central government's role. | Which happened first, individual republics took over for the central government, or the symbolic end of the Soviet Union? | {
"text": [
"symbolically marking the end of the Soviet Union"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2d4a687892b5f7e75154355cbf4c83d2e4d51278 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On the night of December 25, 1991, at 7:32 p.m. Moscow time, after Gorbachev left the Kremlin, the Soviet flag was lowered for the last time, and the Russian tricolor was raised in its place, symbolically marking the end of the Soviet Union. The next day, December 26, 1991, the Council of Republics, the upper chamber of the Union's Supreme Soviet, issued a formal Declaration recognizing that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist as a state and subject of international law, and voted both itself and the Soviet Union out of existence (the other chamber of the Supreme Soviet, the Council of the Union, had been unable to work since December 12, 1991, when the recall of the Russian deputies left it without a quorum). The following day Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office, though the Russian authorities had taken over the suite two days earlier. By December 31, 1991, the few remaining Soviet institutions that had not been taken over by Russia ceased operation, and individual republics assumed the central government's role. | Which happened first, individual republics took over for the central government, or the formal end of the Soviet Union? | {
"text": [
"formal Declaration recognizing that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist"
],
"answer_start": [
359
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
185618ab1c04d9d1e65af5679865602e85455720 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | Where did Gorbachev rank in age in terms of his position? | {
"text": [
"youngest"
],
"answer_start": [
182
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1fad55324cb8d00c08ffcc245d78b68f1f0c98dc | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | Which of the following is not a political title: general secretary, minister of defense, or Brezhnev-era? | {
"text": [
"Brezhnev-era"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
606104ec365c9f8055532b9b19fa3647b998686b | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | How many 365 day periods did Chernenko reach? | {
"text": [
"73"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1edbc791e31fbae14c1090b855c18e54ef4025ab | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | What position did Gorbachev give Chebrikov? | {
"text": [
"full member"
],
"answer_start": [
725
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d6ddb4912d7245903bcad392d687d5321d3e833f | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | What position did Chebrikov leave behind? | {
"text": [
"candidate"
],
"answer_start": [
712
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3af0e04f9caa633a2cefce4215582c78c738a52e | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | Who was younger in 1985, Chernenko or Gorbachev? | {
"text": [
"Gorbachev"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ce5075cef4dd9be7ebcfcf2e2738e09f4073a82b | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | Which of the following was not one of Gorbachev's proteges: Ligachev, Chernenko, or Ryzhkov? | {
"text": [
"Chernenko"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bbfdf5c1d48901c1dc6ea1b676db3251f00cac60 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so would require reforming underlying political and social structures. The reforms began with personnel changes of senior Brezhnev-era officials who would impede political and economic change. On April 23, 1985, Gorbachev brought two protégés, Yegor Ligachev and Nikolai Ryzhkov, into the Politburo as full members. He kept the "power" ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov as a Politburo candidate. | Whose employees did Gorbachev make changes to? | {
"text": [
"Brezhnev"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
904da63c3b7a37289e16817c9c14246d0c6ef4c2 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which city had a smaller assembly of people on January 22, 1989? | {
"text": [
"Kiev"
],
"answer_start": [
199
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
af418047855574d41446918bcaa93f53f88d27b3 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | What took place on the 22nd day of the 1st month of the 89th year of the 20st century? | {
"text": [
"Ukrainian Independence Day"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7386026e9628490c2edce0f912ed317a44acce39 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | What even happened before the other, the Ukrainian Language Society's founding congress or the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church announcement? | {
"text": [
"founding congress"
],
"answer_start": [
383
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
08611d808b4383d7c775b8317a64bd1482d63f6c | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which happened 1st, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced or the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress? | {
"text": [
"the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
30cac843f8170cc23389f746e76bb912addbb128 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which happened first, the Ukrainian Language Society holding its founding congress or Ukrainian Independence day? | {
"text": [
"Ukrainian Independence Day"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
15f2e65ba01308fb80d77953645fea19dff625a6 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which happened first, the program and statutes of the movement were published or the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress? | {
"text": [
"the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9580108b68bad7ae4aa5d5f94605bca097d8b60a | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which happened first, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church announcing their disapproval of Chornovil or Ukrainian Independence Day? | {
"text": [
"Ukrainian Independence Day"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
59052a9153302df9f1795a92982a868c66fc8da7 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | What took place the day after the formation of the mentioned Orthodox Church was announced? | {
"text": [
"The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina"
],
"answer_start": [
544
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bef4fc4b1da0dadeb8132884da7e008e85fb127b | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | What took place on the 15th day of the 2nd month of the 89th year of the 20th century? | {
"text": [
"the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced"
],
"answer_start": [
424
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f73023b5cb022d1d6f9438580afe49e11596c143 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which happened 1st, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced or Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day? | {
"text": [
"Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3e8f6b9de8e022016b61dd61ab65a9f5923d9f42 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which event happened first, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church announcement or the celebration of Ukrainian Independence Day? | {
"text": [
"Ukrainian Independence Day"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4ee8ea360bbb41feca038287a2f88dcaede45802 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which happened earlier, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day or the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress? | {
"text": [
"Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8c23636ed667ffc90efa4c256d8b189a00d67f5d | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Ukraine, Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22, 1989. Thousands gathered in Lviv for an unauthorized moleben (religious service) in front of St. George's Cathedral. In Kiev, 60 activists met in a Kiev apartment to commemorate the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. On February 11–12, 1989, the Ukrainian Language Society held its founding congress. On February 15, 1989, the formation of the Initiative Committee for the Renewal of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was announced. The program and statutes of the movement were proposed by the Writers Association of Ukraine and were published in the journal Literaturna Ukraina on February 16, 1989. The organization heralded Ukrainian dissidents such as Vyacheslav Chornovil. | Which happened first, the program and statutes of the movement were published or Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day? | {
"text": [
"Lviv and Kiev celebrated Ukrainian Independence Day"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
aa968dd590a2ff753a09a337da0582e7abeaffbf | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | Which happened later, the Chernobyl disaster or the march through Minsk? | {
"text": [
"marched through Minsk"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0c88ced3ba1cebdcc98740a63739a4855ff4933b | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | What is the location of the event against which the protesters manifested? | {
"text": [
"Chernobyl"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7d0d11ded84b1d1829039490d2f6f24a0a192d5e | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | With what was the Chernobyl disaster associated? | {
"text": [
"radioactivity"
],
"answer_start": [
224
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
39010a2ae0ecb94116a6c0d7a35bd76338c53d50 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | Which were there fewer of, protesters or people from the contaminated zones? | {
"text": [
"protesters"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
46ee9927f6cd2a85e374e963e6fc49ee14e461c2 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | Which of the following is smaller, Chernobyl or Ukraine? | {
"text": [
"Chernobyl"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7256a1bfbb7afe6c32f5f7c1a0890fa35b73ef01 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | What Soviet republic was part of the Soviet Union? | {
"text": [
"Ukraine"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
adf0e64b1abdeceb7471aba23c6e9b0d61f02913 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | What was the final destination of the protesters? | {
"text": [
"the city center near the government's headquarters"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0f3b40761c19e94f1dbbd41701f8ebef493d3648 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones. | When did the event at Chernobyl against which there were manifestations take place? | {
"text": [
"1986"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c2440f1449874aea58212dc0957e44853cad36ab | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | The six Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe, while nominally independent, were widely recognized in the international community as the Soviet satellite states. All had been occupied by the Soviet Red Army in 1945, had Soviet-style socialist states imposed upon them, and had very restricted freedom of action in either domestic or international affairs. Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force – in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring in 1968. Gorbachev abandoned the oppressive and expensive Brezhnev Doctrine, which mandated intervention in the Warsaw Pact states, in favor of non-intervention in the internal affairs of allies – jokingly termed the Sinatra Doctrine in a reference to the Frank Sinatra song "My Way". | What prevented the Warsaw Pact countries from becoming more independent? | {
"text": [
"Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0a89fbf338881e9a66ef8eba24c761af8e8afc63 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | The six Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe, while nominally independent, were widely recognized in the international community as the Soviet satellite states. All had been occupied by the Soviet Red Army in 1945, had Soviet-style socialist states imposed upon them, and had very restricted freedom of action in either domestic or international affairs. Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force – in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring in 1968. Gorbachev abandoned the oppressive and expensive Brezhnev Doctrine, which mandated intervention in the Warsaw Pact states, in favor of non-intervention in the internal affairs of allies – jokingly termed the Sinatra Doctrine in a reference to the Frank Sinatra song "My Way". | What eastern bloc action was definted by a SInatra song? | {
"text": [
"non-intervention"
],
"answer_start": [
632
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f723b9f62baaab75bce9e18ec36d4bbf50ca3cca | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | The six Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe, while nominally independent, were widely recognized in the international community as the Soviet satellite states. All had been occupied by the Soviet Red Army in 1945, had Soviet-style socialist states imposed upon them, and had very restricted freedom of action in either domestic or international affairs. Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force – in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring in 1968. Gorbachev abandoned the oppressive and expensive Brezhnev Doctrine, which mandated intervention in the Warsaw Pact states, in favor of non-intervention in the internal affairs of allies – jokingly termed the Sinatra Doctrine in a reference to the Frank Sinatra song "My Way". | Why weren't the Warsaw Pact countries more independent? | {
"text": [
"Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
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