text1
stringlengths 1
270
| text2
stringlengths 3
2.46k
| label
int64 0
1
| idx
int64 0
105k
| label_text
stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Where was Camp Cooke situated? | The last recorded conflict in Montana between the U.S. Army and Native Americans occurred in 1887 during the Battle of Crow Agency in the Big Horn country. | 1 | 96,900 | not entailment |
What country did Queen play in for the first time in 1975? | In 1975, the band left for a world tour with each member in Zandra Rhodes-created costumes and accompanied with banks of lights and effects. | 1 | 96,901 | not entailment |
Bell's patent was for the method and what for transmitting vocal and other sounds telegraphically? | Bell returned to Boston the same day and the next day resumed work, drawing in his notebook a diagram similar to that in Gray's patent caveat. | 1 | 96,902 | not entailment |
What is the size of the largest bird? | Birds live worldwide and range in size from the 5 cm (2 in) bee hummingbird to the 2.75 m (9 ft) ostrich. | 0 | 96,903 | entailment |
What did some churches disapprove of? | Some cultures, however, disapprove of such waste. | 0 | 96,904 | entailment |
What surrounds the mid-evil inner city | Surrounding the medieval core there is a ring of late 19th- and early 20th-century neighbourhoods, with newer neighbourhoods positioned farther out. | 0 | 96,905 | entailment |
Who was a controversial figure due to a corked-bat incident? | Despite the fact that the Cubs had won 89 games, this fallout was decidedly unlovable, as the Cubs traded superstar Sammy Sosa after he had left the season's final game early and then lied about it publicly. | 0 | 96,906 | entailment |
Currently how much of Egypt's population is connected to sanitary sewers? | About one half of the population is connected to sanitary sewers. | 1 | 96,907 | not entailment |
What year was this treaty signed? | The term "great power" was first used to represent the most important powers in Europe during the post-Napoleonic era. | 1 | 96,908 | not entailment |
An insects 3-part body includes a throat, abdomen, and what? | Insects (from Latin insectum, a calque of Greek ἔντομον [éntomon], "cut into sections") are a class of invertebrates within the arthropod phylum that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. | 0 | 96,909 | entailment |
What was Imperial's overall GPA rank according to the Times Higher Education? | In rankings produced by Times Higher Education based upon the REF results Imperial was ranked 2nd overall for GPA and 8th for "research power" (compared to 6th and 7th respectively in the equivalent rankings for the RAE 2008). | 0 | 96,910 | entailment |
In a Federal Reserve survey of 4,000 households, what percent reported wealth decline between 2007 and 2009? | The Federal Reserve surveyed 4,000 households between 2007 and 2009, and found that the total wealth of 63 percent of all Americans declined in that period. | 0 | 96,911 | entailment |
Which World Cup did Brasilia host? | The city has a unique status in Brazil, as it is an administrative division rather than a legal municipality like other cities in Brazil. | 1 | 96,912 | not entailment |
How did Peirce view inductive vs deductive reasoning? | To this, Peirce added the concept of abductive reasoning. | 1 | 96,913 | not entailment |
What age demographic is modern rock radio focused on? | In 1997, Mike Marino of KMXB in Las Vegas described the format as reaching "an audience that has outgrown the edgier hip-hop or alternative music but hasn't gotten old and sappy enough for the soft ACs." | 1 | 96,914 | not entailment |
When were birds represented in early cave paintings? | With the advent of scientific interest in birds, many paintings of birds were commissioned for books. | 1 | 96,915 | not entailment |
What is one of the earlier biographies on Buddhism? | Scholars are hesitant to make unqualified claims about the historical facts of the Buddha's life. | 1 | 96,916 | not entailment |
How many men were studied for tests on the flavor of beer in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013? | The 49 men in the study were subject to positron emission tomography scans, while a computer-controlled device sprayed minute amounts of beer, water and a sports drink onto their tongues. | 0 | 96,917 | entailment |
How were the British-French hostilities concluded? | Spain lost control of Florida to Great Britain, but it received from the French the Île d'Orléans and all of the former French holdings west of the Mississippi River. | 1 | 96,918 | not entailment |
What did Conkling later go on to lead? | In 1956, Conkling left Columbia, he would help establish the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences before eventually becoming the first president of the newly launched Warner Bros. Records, and Goddard Lieberson began the first of two stints as head of the record company. | 0 | 96,919 | entailment |
The discipline of ecology is a combination of what two subjects? | The discipline of ecology typically traces its origin to the synthesis of Darwinian evolution and Humboldtian biogeography, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. | 0 | 96,920 | entailment |
How do Candidate Conservation Agreements differ from Safe Harbor agreements? | The FWS will then assure that if, in the future the unlisted species becomes listed, the landowner will not be required to do more than already agreed upon in the CCA. | 1 | 96,921 | not entailment |
How many hotels are on the island? | Some 3,200 short-term visitors arrived on the island in 2013. | 0 | 96,922 | entailment |
What year did the brewing company BrewDog start producing a beer called Ghost Deer? | In September 2011, the Scottish brewery BrewDog produced Ghost Deer, which, at 28%, they claim to be the world's strongest beer produced by fermentation alone. | 0 | 96,923 | entailment |
What do their studies consist of? | It is generally considered that the point of such learning is to enable one to put one's faith into practice; some Presbyterians generally exhibit their faith in action as well as words, by generosity, hospitality, as well as proclaiming the gospel of Christ. | 1 | 96,924 | not entailment |
What year did Dr. Rowan Williams apologize to the Freemasons? | The former Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Rowan Williams, appeared to harbour some reservations about Masonic ritual, whilst being anxious to avoid causing offence to Freemasons inside and outside the Church of England. | 1 | 96,925 | not entailment |
Where in Africa is it possible to buy out brokerages in cotton? | This is only possible in former British colonies and Mozambique; former French colonies continue to maintain tight monopolies, inherited from their former colonialist masters, on cotton purchases at low fixed prices. | 0 | 96,926 | entailment |
What characteristic about fatty acids requires them to be an essential component in a diet? | The fundamental components of protein are nitrogen-containing amino acids, some of which are essential in the sense that humans cannot make them internally. | 1 | 96,927 | not entailment |
What was a key change brought about by Christian thought? | Augustine's City of God is an influential work of this period that attacked the thesis, held by many Christian Romans, that the Christian view could be realized on Earth. | 1 | 96,928 | not entailment |
What did the Arabs introduce that continues to be relevant to Palermo's culture today? | The Arabs also introduced many agricultural crops which remain a mainstay of Sicilian cuisine. | 0 | 96,929 | entailment |
What is a belembaotuyan in Guam? | From sniffing over the hands of the elders (called mangnginge in Chamorro), the passing down of legends, chants, and courtship rituals, to a person asking for permission from spiritual ancestors before entering a jungle or ancient battle grounds. | 1 | 96,930 | not entailment |
What was the name of Gaddafi's tribe? | His family came from a small, relatively un-influential tribal group called the Qadhadhfa, who were Arabized Berber in heritage. | 0 | 96,931 | entailment |
What are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons? | Virtual photons (which are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons) are also responsible for electrostatic interaction between electric charges (which results in Coulomb law), for spontaneous radiative decay of exited atomic and nuclear states, for the Casimir force, for van der Waals bond forces and some other observable phenomena. | 0 | 96,932 | entailment |
How did supply-side economics try to increase the amount of money in the market? | Monetarism focuses on using the supply and demand of money as a method for controlling economic activity. | 1 | 96,933 | not entailment |
What are biomorphism and zoomorphic architecture based after design wise? | One such reaction to the cold aesthetic of modernism and Brutalism is the school of metaphoric architecture, which includes such things as biomorphism and zoomorphic architecture, both using nature as the primary source of inspiration and design. | 0 | 96,934 | entailment |
Who was the French Minister of Marine in 1701? | By 1778, its population was up to 2,144 and it was the third-largest city in the Province of Quebec. | 1 | 96,935 | not entailment |
Trends about use of pesticides have been published from which country? | A study of USA pesticide use trends through 1997 was published in 2003 by the National Science Foundation's Center for Integrated Pest Management. | 0 | 96,936 | entailment |
What major problem did bitumen as a pigment show itself to be? | Although widely used for a time, it ultimately proved unstable for use in oil painting, especially when mixed with the most common diluents, such as linseed oil, varnish and turpentine. | 0 | 96,937 | entailment |
What does an herbivore eat? | Other categories of consumption are herbivory (eating parts of plants), fungivory (eating parts of fungi), and detritivory (the consumption of dead organic material (detritus)). | 0 | 96,938 | entailment |
How many Indians helped build the infrastructure? | However, draining the wetlands also changed the habitat for fish and birds and the areas accessible for Indian cultivation close to the capital. | 1 | 96,939 | not entailment |
Who began the interest in Whitehead at Chicago's Divinity School? | Early followers of Whitehead were found primarily at the University of Chicago's Divinity School, where Henry Nelson Wieman initiated an interest in Whitehead's work that would last for about thirty years. | 0 | 96,940 | entailment |
What does Bond take from Marco Sciarra? | Following Garreth Mallory's promotion to M, on a mission in Mexico City unofficially ordered by a posthumous message from the previous M, 007 James Bond kills three men plotting a terrorist bombing during the Day of the Dead and gives chase to Marco Sciarra, an assassin who survived the attack. | 1 | 96,941 | not entailment |
What does the SAW in M249 SAW stand for? | Many units are supplemented with a variety of specialized weapons, including the M249 SAW (Squad Automatic Weapon), to provide suppressive fire at the fire-team level. | 0 | 96,942 | entailment |
What gives Neptune it's blue hue? | Because Neptune's atmospheric methane content is similar to that of Uranus, some unknown atmospheric constituent is thought to contribute to Neptune's colour. | 1 | 96,943 | not entailment |
Did the people want Athanasius as their bishop? | The clergy and people were determined to have him as their bishop, Patriarch of Alexandria, and refused to accept any excuses. | 0 | 96,944 | entailment |
When is distortion most common on a gramophone record? | Distortion towards the end of the side is likely to become more apparent as record wear increases. | 0 | 96,945 | entailment |
What locomotives are usually more reliable? | They have no local emissions, an important advantage in tunnels and urban areas. | 1 | 96,946 | not entailment |
What is on the east side of the park? | On the east side of the main park area is the National Museum of Visual Arts. | 0 | 96,947 | entailment |
When was his nomination as apostolic visitor made official? | In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). | 1 | 96,948 | not entailment |
What was seen as the behind the Roman influence in the east? | It was not until the time of the Roman Empire that the entire Roman world was organized into provinces under explicit Roman control. | 1 | 96,949 | not entailment |
What was the charity that Madonna was involved in when in Malawi? | The adoption raised strong public reaction, because Malawian law requires would-be parents to reside in Malawi for one year before adopting, which Madonna did not do. | 1 | 96,950 | not entailment |
How has breeding helped in the pultry industry? | In about 1800, chickens began to be kept on a larger scale, and modern high-output poultry farms were present in the United Kingdom from around 1920 and became established in the United States soon after the Second World War. | 1 | 96,951 | not entailment |
When did the Conspiration des poignards take place? | During the Consulate, Napoleon faced several royalist and Jacobin assassination plots, including the Conspiration des poignards (Dagger plot) in October 1800 and the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise (also known as the Infernal Machine) two months later. | 0 | 96,952 | entailment |
What percent of Armenia speaks Russian? | 30% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 2% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. | 0 | 96,953 | entailment |
Who first suggested the existence of discrete inheritable units? | Although he did not use the term gene, he explained his results in terms of discrete inherited units that give rise to observable physical characteristics. | 1 | 96,954 | not entailment |
Who were the next settlement of people on Norfolk Island descended from? | They resettled from the Pitcairn Islands, which had become too small for their growing population. | 1 | 96,955 | not entailment |
What year was Arnold J toynbee becoming metaphysical about the Near East? | By 1916, when millions of Europeans were becoming casualties of imperial war in the trenches of eastern and western Europe over "the eastern question," Arnold J. Toynbee, Hegelesque historian of civilization at large, was becoming metaphysical about the Near East. | 0 | 96,956 | entailment |
What more local councils were set up? | The civil service was increasingly filled with natives at the lower levels, with the British holding the more senior positions. | 1 | 96,957 | not entailment |
How many species are currently listed? | While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | 1 | 96,958 | not entailment |
How is zinc applied? | The zinc is applied electrochemically or as molten zinc by hot-dip galvanizing or spraying. | 0 | 96,959 | entailment |
Who coined the term "abominable mystery"? | That event was studied by sequencing the genome of an ancient flowering plant, Amborella trichopoda, and directly addresses Darwin's "abominable mystery." | 0 | 96,960 | entailment |
What does Phase-two do? | By turning phase two on, the firefighter enables the car to move. | 0 | 96,961 | entailment |
On what date was a study created to research the impart of women in direct involvement? | These trials were called Combat-Related Employment of Women. | 1 | 96,962 | not entailment |
What school did Nasser attend in Cairo? | When his father was transferred to Cairo in 1933, Nasser joined him and attended al-Nahda al-Masria school. | 0 | 96,963 | entailment |
What type ratings did securities first in line receive from rating agencies? | Securities with lower priority had lower credit ratings but theoretically a higher rate of return on the amount invested. | 1 | 96,964 | not entailment |
How many nominations has American Idol received for Outstanding Reality Competition Program? | American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. | 1 | 96,965 | not entailment |
What did financial institutions do prior to the crisis? | Prior to the crisis, financial institutions became highly leveraged, increasing their appetite for risky investments and reducing their resilience in case of losses. | 0 | 96,966 | entailment |
What clubs were playing during the first penalty? | This led to penalty shoot-outs being introduced, the first of which came on 26 November 1991 when Rotherham United eliminated Scunthorpe United. | 0 | 96,967 | entailment |
where were mateo & matos based? | In Chicago, Marshall Jefferson had formed the house group Ten City Byron Burke, Byron Stingily & Herb Lawson(from "intensity"). | 1 | 96,968 | not entailment |
What species did the elephants at the Gash River seem to form a symbiotic relationship with? | The elephants seemed to have formed a symbiotic relationship with olive baboons, with the baboons using the water holes dug by the elephants, while the elephants use the tree-top baboons as an early warning system. | 0 | 96,969 | entailment |
What is a safety feature found in passenger elevators they generally do not have? | they usually do not have the same safety features found in passenger elevators, like various ropes for redundancy. | 0 | 96,970 | entailment |
What brought communism? | The Russian Revolution of 1917 (and similar, albeit less successful, revolutions in many other European countries) brought communism - and in particular the political theory of Leninism, but also on a smaller level Luxemburgism (gradually) - on the world stage. | 0 | 96,971 | entailment |
What did Estonia hope to restore after the removal of the USSR? | Although initially the Germans were welcomed by most Estonians as liberators from the USSR and its oppressions, and hopes were raised for the restoration of the country's independence, it was soon realised that the Nazis were but another occupying power. | 0 | 96,972 | entailment |
How tall is Mount Olympus? | The physical relief of the island is dominated by two mountain ranges, the Troodos Mountains and the smaller Kyrenia Range, and the central plain they encompass, the Mesaoria. | 1 | 96,973 | not entailment |
Liberia has the highest ratio of what? | Especially palm oil companies like Sime Darby (Malaysia) and Golden Veroleum (USA) are being accused by critics of the destruction of livelihoods and the displacement of local communities, enabled through government concessions. | 1 | 96,974 | not entailment |
What is something more important to Thuringia than most areas of Germany? | Nevertheless, they are more important than in the most other areas of Germany, especially within rural regions. | 1 | 96,975 | not entailment |
What did the new post-punk artists believe? | These artists instead defined punk as "an imperative to constant change", believing that "radical content demands radical form". | 0 | 96,976 | entailment |
Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union fort at Knoxville? | The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. | 0 | 96,977 | entailment |
What was the final track on Queen's The Game? | One of Mercury's most notable performances of The Game's final track, "Save Me", took place in Montreal, and the concert is recorded in the live album, Queen Rock Montreal. | 0 | 96,978 | entailment |
What is the publication, Sudharma? | Since 1974, there has been a short daily news broadcast on state-run All India Radio. | 1 | 96,979 | not entailment |
Many more antibiotics were made following the end of what war? | The aftermath of World War II saw an explosion in the discovery of new classes of antibacterial drugs including the cephalosporins (developed by Eli Lilly based on the seminal work of Giuseppe Brotzu and Edward Abraham), streptomycin (discovered during a Merck-funded research program in Selman Waksman's laboratory), the tetracyclines (discovered at Lederle Laboratories, now a part of Pfizer), erythromycin (discovered at Eli Lilly and Co.) and their extension to an increasingly wide range of bacterial pathogens. | 0 | 96,980 | entailment |
What is the second largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina? | The second-largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina after Baptist traditions is Methodism, which is strong in the northern Piedmont, especially in populous Guilford County. | 0 | 96,981 | entailment |
Where were rural children employed? | Children aged 5–14 worked alongside the parents. | 1 | 96,982 | not entailment |
What bones in dog legs are fused? | Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing. | 0 | 96,983 | entailment |
What's another thing the paper showed hostility to? | Despite its initial opposition to the closures, until 1997, the newspaper repeatedly called for the implementation of further Thatcherite policies, such as Royal Mail privatisation,[verification needed] and social security cutbacks, with leaders such as "Peter Lilley is right, we can't carry on like this",[verification needed] | 1 | 96,984 | not entailment |
What math competition has Russian as an official language? | Russian is one of the official languages (or has similar status and interpretation must be provided into Russian) of the United Nations, International Atomic Energy Agency, World Health Organization, International Civil Aviation Organization, UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organization, International Telecommunication Union, World Meteorological Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, International Fund for Agricultural Development, International Criminal Court, International Monetary Fund, International Olympic Committee, Universal Postal Union, World Bank, Commonwealth of Independent States, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Eurasian Economic Community, Collective Security Treaty Organization, Antarctic Treaty Secretariat, International Organization for Standardization, GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, International Mathematical Olympiad. | 0 | 96,985 | entailment |
In 2013 how many years had IBM generated the most patents by a business? | As of 2013[update] the company held the record for most patents generated by a business for 22 consecutive years. | 0 | 96,986 | entailment |
Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland? | Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. | 1 | 96,987 | not entailment |
When did the mandolin's popularity begin to fall? | Salvador Léonardi mentioned this decline in his 1921 book, Méthode pour Banjoline ou Mandoline-Banjo, saying that the mandolin had been declining in popularity from previous times. | 1 | 96,988 | not entailment |
When did Eisenhower leave Camp Meade? | His new expertise in tank warfare was strengthened by a close collaboration with George S. Patton, Sereno E. Brett, and other senior tank leaders. | 1 | 96,989 | not entailment |
In which census are these numbers coming from? | Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area (population 3,734,090, area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2), a 2010 United States Census) six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2]), and a nine-county Combined Statistical Area (2010 Census population of 5,218,852, area of 5,814 square miles [15,060 km2]). | 0 | 96,990 | entailment |
Which two figures refused to back down after the churches worked out their disagreements? | When the Ottomans demanded changes, Nicholas refused and prepared for war. | 1 | 96,991 | not entailment |
How does La Liga sell its broadcasting rights? | This is in contrast to some other European Leagues, including La Liga, in which each club sells its rights individually, leading to a much higher share of the total income going to the top few clubs. | 0 | 96,992 | entailment |
What city was the plan based on? | The plan, a grid with two main axes meeting at a central square and an additional square in each corner, was based on Thomas Holme's 1682 plan for Philadelphia. | 0 | 96,993 | entailment |
What is the best known Cubist architecture building? | The best-known Cubist building is the House of the Black Madonna in the Old Town of Prague built in 1912 by Josef Gočár with the only Cubist café in the world, Grand Café Orient. | 0 | 96,994 | entailment |
In what year was Melbourne Chinatown founded? | An influx of interstate and overseas migrants, particularly Irish, German and Chinese, saw the development of slums including a temporary "tent city" established on the southern banks of the Yarra. | 1 | 96,995 | not entailment |
Where were valuable items from Buckingham Palace taken during WWI? | Its more valuable contents were evacuated to Windsor but the royal family remained in situ. | 0 | 96,996 | entailment |
What did the forum question about US interference? | Furthermore, in a cathartic blow to the US-backed elite, it questioned US interference through diplomats and NGOs. | 0 | 96,997 | entailment |
What is presumed to be written upon the Cascajal Block? | What may be the earliest-known example in the Americas of an extensive text thought to be writing is by the Cascajal Block. | 0 | 96,998 | entailment |
What death penalty drug ceased to be manufactured in 2011? | Hospira, the only U.S. manufacturer of sodium thiopental, stopped making the drug in 2011. | 0 | 96,999 | entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.