text1
stringlengths 1
270
| text2
stringlengths 3
2.46k
| label
int64 0
1
| idx
int64 0
105k
| label_text
stringclasses 2
values |
---|---|---|---|---|
When did Prussia stop torture? | For example, torture was abolished in Prussia in 1740, slavery in Britain in 1834 and in the United States in 1865 (William Wilberforce, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Abraham Lincoln - against Southern Protestants). | 0 | 91,200 | entailment |
Who were taking slaves as concubines? | Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. | 0 | 91,201 | entailment |
What options do Parental controls provide? | SmartScreen filtering integrated into Windows, Family Safety offers Parental controls, which allows parents to monitor and manage their children's activities on a device with activity reports and safety controls. | 0 | 91,202 | entailment |
How old was Kanye when he dropped out of college? | He soon realized that his busy class schedule was detrimental to his musical work, and at 20 he dropped out of college to pursue his musical dreams. | 0 | 91,203 | entailment |
Who studied the structure of DNA using x-ray crystallography? | The structure of DNA was studied by Rosalind Franklin using X-ray crystallography, which led James D. Watson and Francis Crick to publish a model of the double-stranded DNA molecule whose paired nucleotide bases indicated a compelling hypothesis for the mechanism of genetic replication. | 0 | 91,204 | entailment |
In what span did Universal produce westerns with Kirby Grant? | The studio fostered many series: The Dead End Kids and Little Tough Guys action features and serials (1938–43); the comic adventures of infant Baby Sandy (1938–41); comedies with Hugh Herbert (1938–42) and The Ritz Brothers (1940–43); musicals with Robert Paige, Jane Frazee, The Andrews Sisters, and The Merry Macs (1938–45); and westerns with Tom Mix (1932–33), Buck Jones (1933–36), Bob Baker (1938–39), Johnny Mack Brown (1938–43); Rod Cameron (1944–45), and Kirby Grant (1946–47). | 0 | 91,205 | entailment |
Late 19th century is marked by what event? | The 20th century also saw the integration of physics and chemistry, with chemical properties explained as the result of the electronic structure of the atom. | 1 | 91,206 | not entailment |
What country was Burma a colony of ? | For the first time in history, the Burmese language and culture came to predominate the entire Irrawaddy valley. | 1 | 91,207 | not entailment |
What was Elizabeth's wealth extimated to be in 1971? | Elizabeth's personal fortune has been the subject of speculation for many years. | 1 | 91,208 | not entailment |
In what decade did drinking chilled pale lager become popular? | Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager. | 0 | 91,209 | entailment |
At what level does Popper indicate his view of scientific methodology applies? | It has been suggested that Popper's ideas are often mistaken for a hard logical account of truth because of the historical co-incidence of their appearing at the same time as logical positivism, the followers of which mistook his aims for their own. | 1 | 91,210 | not entailment |
How much light does the bulb emit? | However, the bulb emits the equivalent light of a four watt bulb. | 0 | 91,211 | entailment |
Muslims representing 200,000 of what group fled to Dobruja? | For example, the Russian and Austria-Habsburg annexation of the Crimean and Balkan regions respectively saw large influxes of Muslim refugees – 200,000 Crimean Tartars fleeing to Dobruja. | 0 | 91,212 | entailment |
Political corruption in legislature reduces what, overall? | In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. | 1 | 91,213 | not entailment |
What percentage of Africans make up NYC? | The city's population in 2010 was 44% white (33.3% non-Hispanic white), 25.5% black (23% non-Hispanic black), 0.7% Native American, and 12.7% Asian. | 0 | 91,214 | entailment |
When did Arsenal adolpt the away colors or yellow shirts and blue shorts? | In the 1969–70 season, Arsenal introduced an away kit of yellow shirts with blue shorts. | 0 | 91,215 | entailment |
What term means cessation? | The term for anybody who has achieved nirvana, including the Buddha, is arahant. | 1 | 91,216 | not entailment |
Jean-Etienne Guettard and NIcolas Desmarest went to France and recorded what? | Jean-Étienne Guettard and Nicolas Desmarest hiked central France and recorded their observations on some of the first geological maps. | 0 | 91,217 | entailment |
Are all sources of the crucification literary? | Although almost all ancient sources relating to crucifixion are literary, the 1968 archeological discovery just northeast of Jerusalem of the body of a crucified man dated to the 1st century provided good confirmatory evidence that crucifixions occurred during the Roman period roughly according to the manner in which the crucifixion of Jesus is described in the gospels. | 0 | 91,218 | entailment |
What was the estimated capacity of solar water heating and cooling in 2007? | Although generally underestimated, solar water heating and cooling is by far the most widely deployed solar technology with an estimated capacity of 154 GW as of 2007. | 0 | 91,219 | entailment |
Other than the Roman Catholics, who else uses Latin? | There is also a Latin script to write in Belarusian, called the Lacinka alphabet. | 1 | 91,220 | not entailment |
When was a church first founded at the site? | According to a tradition first reported by Sulcard in about 1080, a church was founded at the site (then known as Thorn Ey (Thorn Island)) in the 7th century, at the time of Mellitus, a Bishop of London. | 0 | 91,221 | entailment |
The biggest suspension bridge in the US is what? | The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas and one of the world's longest. | 0 | 91,222 | entailment |
What is an example of a solar-mediated weather event? | An example of a solar-mediated weather event is a hurricane, which occurs when large unstable areas of warm ocean, heated over months, give up some of their thermal energy suddenly to power a few days of violent air movement. | 0 | 91,223 | entailment |
Which president called for constitutional changes? | The Greek Cypriot leadership believed that the rights given to Turkish Cypriots under the 1960 constitution were too extensive and designed the Akritas plan, which was aimed at reforming the constitution in favour of Greek Cypriots, persuading the international community about the correctness of the changes and violently subjugating Turkish Cypriots in a few days should they not accept the plan. | 1 | 91,224 | not entailment |
The major usage of musical machine on 808s was described as eponymous? | 808s & Heartbreak, which features extensive use of the eponymous Roland TR-808 drum machine and contains themes of love, loneliness, and heartache, was released by Island Def Jam to capitalize on Thanksgiving weekend in November 2008. | 0 | 91,225 | entailment |
What is the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System? | The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS, simplified Chinese: 北斗卫星导航系统; traditional Chinese: 北斗衛星導航系統; pinyin: Běidǒu wèixīng dǎoháng xìtǒng) is a Chinese satellite navigation system. | 0 | 91,226 | entailment |
What platform was NESticle available for use? | NESticle, a popular MS-DOS emulator, was released on April 3, 1997. | 0 | 91,227 | entailment |
Which group wanted to assuage fears that science was a threat to religious stability? | John Ray developed an influential natural theology of rational order; in his taxonomy, species were static and fixed, their adaptation and complexity designed by God, and varieties showed minor differences caused by local conditions. | 1 | 91,228 | not entailment |
Millions of Muslims left the empire and migrated to what places? | This resulted in around 400,000 Muslims fleeing with the retreating Ottoman armies (with many dying from cholera brought by the soldiers), and with some 400,000 non-Muslims fleeing territory still under Ottoman rule. | 1 | 91,229 | not entailment |
How many people are affiliated with religion? | Raleigh is home to a wide variety of religious practitioners. | 1 | 91,230 | not entailment |
After the Spanish, who were the first Europeans to settle North Carolina? | During the same period, the English monarch Charles II gave the province to the Lords Proprietors, a group of noblemen who had helped restore Charles to the throne in 1660. | 1 | 91,231 | not entailment |
What was the name of the first cousin that Queen Victoria was married to? | Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. | 0 | 91,232 | entailment |
What sort of feature is created by the use of vertical elements in gallery and window tracery? | In many Gothic churches, particularly in France, and in the Perpendicular period of English Gothic architecture, the treatment of vertical elements in gallery and window tracery creates a strongly unifying feature that counteracts the horizontal divisions of the interior structure. | 0 | 91,233 | entailment |
Who named the Anabaptists? | The early members of this movement did not accept the name Anabaptist, claiming that since infant baptism was unscriptural and null and void, the baptizing of believers was not a re-baptism but in fact their first real baptism. | 1 | 91,234 | not entailment |
What ethic group grew in the 20th century? | The two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese. | 1 | 91,235 | not entailment |
The Grand Loge de France formed under who? | The Grande Loge de France formed under the Grand Mastership of the Duke of Clermont, who exercised only nominal authority. | 0 | 91,236 | entailment |
What nation conquered Ukraine during the First World War? | The German Empire conquered Ukraine during World War I and was planning on either annexing it or installing a puppet king, but was defeated by the Entente, with major involvement by the Ukrainian Bolsheviks. | 0 | 91,237 | entailment |
What all-color musical did Universal make in 1930? | His early efforts included the critically mauled part-talkie version of Edna Ferber's novel Show Boat (1929), the lavish musical Broadway (1929) which included Technicolor sequences; and the first all-color musical feature (for Universal), King of Jazz (1930). | 0 | 91,238 | entailment |
In what year was Apple given rights to the iPod name? | The trademark was registered by the USPTO in November 2003, and Grasso assigned it to Apple Computer, Inc. in 2005. | 0 | 91,239 | entailment |
During what time did Kadamba rule northern Karnataka? | Kadamba (345 – 525 CE) was an ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka, India that ruled northern Karnataka and the Konkan from Banavasi in present-day Uttara Kannada district. | 0 | 91,240 | entailment |
Which of Melbourne's suburbs have seen significant brownfields redevelopment in recent years? | However, after 10 years[when?] of planning policies to encourage medium-density and high-density development in existing areas with greater access to public transport and other services, Melbourne's middle and outer-ring suburbs have seen significant brownfields redevelopment. | 0 | 91,241 | entailment |
How many prisoners are still held in Burma on political crimes? | The Freedom in the World 2011 report by Freedom House notes, "The military junta has ... suppressed nearly all basic rights; and committed human rights abuses with impunity." | 1 | 91,242 | not entailment |
How old are the wall paintings in the Chapel and School Yard? | The important wall paintings in the Chapel and the brick north range of the present School Yard also date from the 1480s; the lower storeys of the cloister, including College Hall, had been built between 1441 and 1460. | 0 | 91,243 | entailment |
What type of music did many of the post-punk bands start indulging in? | Many of these groups would continue recording as part of the new pop movement, with entryism becoming a popular concept. | 0 | 91,244 | entailment |
What expert on Whitehead delivered a lecture at the school to explain Whitehead's ideas? | Wieman's lecture was so brilliant that he was promptly hired to the faculty and taught there for twenty years, and for at least thirty years afterward Chicago's Divinity School was closely associated with Whitehead's thought. | 1 | 91,245 | not entailment |
What are the African countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Mali referred to as in the cotton industry? | While Brazil was fighting the US through the WTO's Dispute Settlement Mechanism against a heavily subsidized cotton industry, a group of four least-developed African countries – Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Mali – also known as "Cotton-4" have been the leading protagonist for the reduction of US cotton subsidies through negotiations. | 0 | 91,246 | entailment |
vytautas created what for compromising professional warriors? | As there were not enough nobles, Vytautas trained suitable men, relieving them of labor on the land and of other duties; for their military service to the Grand Duke, they were granted land that was worked by hired men (veldams). | 1 | 91,247 | not entailment |
In what year was the Kingdom of Great Britain founded? | Although, the colonies of North American that would become the United States of America were lost by the start of the 19th century, the British Empire expanded rapidly elsewhere. | 1 | 91,248 | not entailment |
What does the Xeer system call cops? | The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework. | 1 | 91,249 | not entailment |
What event led to larger crop yields in the High Middle Ages? | Manorialism, the organisation of peasants into villages that owed rent and labour services to the nobles, and feudalism, the political structure whereby knights and lower-status nobles owed military service to their overlords in return for the right to rent from lands and manors, were two of the ways society was organised in the High Middle Ages. | 1 | 91,250 | not entailment |
What was the percentage of whites in 1970? | In addition, Hispanics made up 37.4% of Houston's population while non-Hispanic whites made up 30.8%, down from 62.4% in 1970. | 0 | 91,251 | entailment |
Freemasons most common in Scandinavia only accept who as members? | The form of Freemasonry most common in Scandinavia (known as the Swedish Rite), for example, accepts only Christians. | 0 | 91,252 | entailment |
How many nations receive the Idol broadcast? | American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. | 0 | 91,253 | entailment |
Why are plants able to stop and start dividing cells? | Unlike animals, many plant cells, particularly those of the parenchyma, do not terminally differentiate, remaining totipotent with the ability to give rise to a new individual plant. | 1 | 91,254 | not entailment |
Why is it necessary for smaller animals to have an insulative covering? | Modern monotremes have lower body temperatures and more variable metabolic rates than marsupials and placentals, but there is evidence that some of their ancestors, perhaps including ancestors of the therians, may have had body temperatures like those of modern therians. | 1 | 91,255 | not entailment |
What substance did Barbieri use in his work with high-brightness LED? | The first high-brightness blue LED was demonstrated by Shuji Nakamura of Nichia Corporation in 1994 and was based on InGaN. | 1 | 91,256 | not entailment |
What do Type-b receptacles do on target devices? | Type-A receptacles on host devices that supply power and Type-B receptacles on target devices that draw power. | 0 | 91,257 | entailment |
In which battle was the Hanover army destroyed? | In 1837, the personal union of the United Kingdom and Hanover ended because William IV's heir in the United Kingdom was female (Queen Victoria). | 1 | 91,258 | not entailment |
Who is most responsible for the preservation of Hellenistic culture? | The preservation of many classical and archaic works of art and literature (including the works of the three great classical tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides) are due to the efforts of the Hellenistic Greeks. | 0 | 91,259 | entailment |
Who worked towards obtaining a extension of relations with Tibet? | There is little detailed evidence of Chinese—especially lay Chinese—studying Tibetan Buddhism until the Republican era (1912–1949). | 1 | 91,260 | not entailment |
What year saw the establishment of the Islamic Center of Virginia? | The rest of the five current masjids in the Richmond area are Islamic Center of Richmond (ICR) in the west end, Masjid Umm Barakah on 2nd street downtown, Islamic Society of Greater Richmond (ISGR) in the west end, Masjidullah in the north side, and Masjid Ar-Rahman in the east end. | 1 | 91,261 | not entailment |
What does MRAP stand for? | The M1A2 Abrams is the army's main battle tank, while the M2A3 Bradley is the standard infantry fighting vehicle. | 1 | 91,262 | not entailment |
What does George D. Chryssides suggest the changing views and dates of the Jehovah's Witnesses can be attributed to changed understandings of? | George D. Chryssides has suggested that with the exception of statements about 1914, 1925 and 1975, the changing views and dates of the Jehovah's Witnesses are largely attributable to changed understandings of biblical chronology than to failed predictions. | 0 | 91,263 | entailment |
When did women join the Protestant ministry? | Since about 1950, women have entered the ministry, and some have assumed leading positions (e.g. bishops), in most Protestant churches. | 0 | 91,264 | entailment |
How many beer houses existed throughout Britain eight years after the passage of the Beer Act? | Because it was so easy to obtain permission and the profits could be huge compared to the low cost of gaining permission, the number of beer houses was continuing to rise and in some towns nearly every other house in a street could be a beer house. | 1 | 91,265 | not entailment |
What are some shows that Attenborough created with the BBC Natural History Unit? | This unit is now famed throughout the world for producing high quality programmes with Attenborough such as Life on Earth, The Private Life of Plants, The Blue Planet, The Life of Mammals, Planet Earth and Frozen Planet. | 0 | 91,266 | entailment |
Which article stipulates that the structure of each Federal State's government must "conform to the principles of republican, democratic, and social government, based on the rule of law"? | The states are parliamentary republics and the relationship between their legislative and executive branches mirrors that of the federal system: the legislatures are popularly elected for four or five years (depending on the state), and the Minister-President is then chosen by a majority vote among the Landtag's members. | 1 | 91,267 | not entailment |
What does rhythmic gymastics combine together? | According to FIG rules, only women compete in rhythmic gymnastics. | 1 | 91,268 | not entailment |
What was Izvestiya? | Several months later, on 3 November 2011 the Russian newspaper Izvestiya reported that the naval building plan now included (first) the construction of a new shipyard capable of building large hull ships, after which Moscow will build two (80,000 tons full load each) nuclear-powered aircraft carriers by 2027. | 0 | 91,269 | entailment |
What type of climate did Antarctica have in the Cretaceous period? | In the Eocene epoch, about 40 Ma Australia-New Guinea separated from Antarctica, so that latitudinal currents could isolate Antarctica from Australia, and the first ice began to appear. | 1 | 91,270 | not entailment |
Are printed editions immune to variation? | In contrast to this approach, some textual critics prefer to identify the single best surviving text, and not to combine readings from multiple sources. | 1 | 91,271 | not entailment |
What organization's rating system promotes sustainability? | The U.S. Green Building Council's LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) | 0 | 91,272 | entailment |
What did the studies show there was a lack of understanding of by the population? | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. | 1 | 91,273 | not entailment |
What did the 2008 OECD report show the average tourist expenditure while in Greece was? | The same survey showed that the average tourist expenditure while in Greece was $1,073, ranking Greece 10th in the world. | 0 | 91,274 | entailment |
When did Pitatus offer his solution to the leap year problem? | Thus Pitatus' solution would have commended itself to the astronomers. | 1 | 91,275 | not entailment |
Who was Michael Mak Kwok-fung? | Hong Kong legislator Michael Mak Kwok-fung and activist Chan Cheong, both members of the League of Social Democrats, were not allowed to enter Macau. | 0 | 91,276 | entailment |
Which countries did most Estonians desire to flee to? | In the face of the country being re-occupied by the Red Army, tens of thousands of Estonians (including a majority of the education, culture, science, political and social specialists) chose to either retreat with the Germans or flee to Finland or Sweden where they sought refuge in other western countries, often by refugee ships such as the SS Walnut. | 0 | 91,277 | entailment |
Who was Charles Babbage's son? | Nevertheless, his son, Henry Babbage, completed a simplified version of the analytical engine's computing unit (the mill) in 1888. | 0 | 91,278 | entailment |
Which equipment was used for the Doomsday Project? | The Domesday Project systems also included a genlock, allowing video frames, clips and audio to be mixed with graphics originated from the BBC Master; this was used to great effect for displaying high resolution photographs and maps, which could then be zoomed into. | 1 | 91,279 | not entailment |
What was the name of the original Digimon character? | As such, many of the early Digimon—including Tyrannomon, the first one ever created—were based on dinosaurs. | 0 | 91,280 | entailment |
What century produced the first Russian univeristy, library, theatre, public museum, and independent press? | This era produced the first Russian university, library, theatre, public museum, and independent press. | 1 | 91,281 | not entailment |
What other pigment was Turkey red compared to? | Turkey red used madder as the colorant, but the process was longer and more complicated, involving multiple soaking of the fabrics in lye, olive oil, sheep's dung, and other ingredients. | 1 | 91,282 | not entailment |
In what way did von Neumann make spectacular contributions to measure theory? | In a series of famous papers, von Neumann made spectacular contributions to measure theory. | 0 | 91,283 | entailment |
Who commissioned the Navicella mosaic? | The great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. | 1 | 91,284 | not entailment |
Who are Kautilya and Vishnugupta usually grouped with? | An ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy by Kautilya and Viṣhṇugupta, who are traditionally identified with Chāṇakya (c. 350–-283 BCE). | 0 | 91,285 | entailment |
Is Egypt able to sustain just from its own energy production? | In 2013, the Egyptian General Petroleum Co (EGPC) said the country will cut exports of natural gas and tell major industries to slow output this summer to avoid an energy crisis and stave off political unrest, Reuters has reported. | 1 | 91,286 | not entailment |
How much of the Latino population did Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans make up in 1991? | In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. | 0 | 91,287 | entailment |
What did Plato study? | Similarly, Aristotle built upon Plato's analysis to include historical empirical evidence in his analysis. | 1 | 91,288 | not entailment |
Which tributary is located on the southern border? | Furthermore, some small parts on the southern border are drained by tributaries of the Main (a tributary of the Rhine). | 0 | 91,289 | entailment |
How many blacks served in the Ottoman Army during the Austro-Turkish War of 1716-18? | The Ottoman Army also deployed an estimated 30,000 Black African troops and cavalrymen to its expedition in Hungary during the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18. | 0 | 91,290 | entailment |
Where is the location of the original Olympic events? | Following the recent unrest in Tibet, three members of Reporters Without Borders, including Robert Ménard, breached security and attempted to disrupt a speech by Liu Qi, the head of Beijing's Olympic organising committee during the torch lighting ceremony in Olympia, Greece. | 0 | 91,291 | entailment |
Many Carnival traditions form an integral part of whose calendar? | Italian Carnival is sometimes thought to be derived from the ancient Roman festivals of Saturnalia and Bacchanalia. | 1 | 91,292 | not entailment |
Where can the public view items from the Royal Collection? | Many of the contents from Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle, Kensington Palace, and St James's Palace are part of the Royal Collection, held in trust by the Sovereign; they can, on occasion, be viewed by the public at the Queen's Gallery, near the Royal Mews. | 0 | 91,293 | entailment |
The exhibit inaugurated by the Dalai Lama opened when? | It also houses temporary exhibits; one on Tibet was inaugurated by the Dalai Lama in September 2011. | 0 | 91,294 | entailment |
Who posited the existence of God? | For example, God's omniscience may seem to imply that God knows how free agents will choose to act. | 1 | 91,295 | not entailment |
What group was considered at the top of the Strict Class Society? | The daimyo, or lords, were at the top, followed by the warrior-caste of samurai, with the farmers, artisans, and traders ranking below. | 0 | 91,296 | entailment |
What does a passive infrared sensor react to? | Passive infrared sensors react to changes in heat, such as the pattern created by a moving person. | 0 | 91,297 | entailment |
Who was the Liberal Party of Australia's longest-serving leader? | The party's founder and longest-serving leader Robert Menzies envisaged that Australia's middle class would form its main constituency. | 0 | 91,298 | entailment |
When was Victoria's Golden Jubilee? | In 1887, the British Empire celebrated Victoria's Golden Jubilee. | 0 | 91,299 | entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.