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Context: Apollo (Attic, Ionic, and Homeric Greek: Ἀπόλλων, Apollōn (GEN Ἀπόλλωνος); Doric: Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn; Arcadocypriot: Ἀπείλων, Apeilōn; Aeolic: Ἄπλουν, Aploun; Latin: Apollō) is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The ideal of the kouros (a beardless, athletic youth), Apollo has been variously recognized as a god of music, truth and prophecy, healing, the sun and light, plague, poetry, and more. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and has a twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis. Apollo is known in Greek-influenced Etruscan mythology as Apulu.
Question: What is the word for a beardless, athletic youth?
Answer: kouros
Question: What is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion?
Answer: Apollo
Question: Who are the parents of Apollo?
Answer: Zeus and Leto
Question: Who is Apollo's twin sister?
Answer: Artemis
Question: What name is Apollo known by in Etruscan mythology?
Answer: Apulu |
Context: Lester Brown states that the market "does not incorporate the indirect costs of providing goods or services into prices, it does not value nature's services adequately, and it does not respect the sustainable-yield thresholds of natural systems". It also favors the near term over the long term, thereby showing limited concern for future generations. Tax and subsidy shifting can help overcome these problems, though is also problematic to combine different international normative regimes regulating this issue.
Question: Lester Brown states that the market does not incorporate what?
Answer: the indirect costs of providing goods or services into prices
Question: Who believes that the market does not value nature's service adequately?
Answer: Lester Brown
Question: What can help over come the problems with the market?
Answer: Tax and subsidy shifting
Question: Lester Brown states that the market incorporates what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who said the market does incorporate the indirect costs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can't help over come the problems with the market?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who believes that the market does value nature's service adequately?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Quran most likely existed in scattered written form during Muhammad's lifetime. Several sources indicate that during Muhammad's lifetime a large number of his companions had memorized the revelations. Early commentaries and Islamic historical sources support the above-mentioned understanding of the Quran's early development. The Quran in its present form is generally considered by academic scholars to record the words spoken by Muhammad because the search for variants has not yielded any differences of great significance.[page needed] University of Chicago professor Fred Donner states that "...there was a very early attempt to establish a uniform consonantal text of the Qurʾān from what was probably a wider and more varied group of related texts in early transmission. [...] After the creation of this standardized canonical text, earlier authoritative texts were suppressed, and all extant manuscripts—despite their numerous variants—seem to date to a time after this standard consonantal text was established." Although most variant readings of the text of the Quran have ceased to be transmitted, some still are. There has been no critical text produced on which a scholarly reconstruction of the Quranic text could be based. Historically, controversy over the Quran's content has rarely become an issue, although debates continue on the subject.
Question: Who had begun memorizing Muhammad's revelations in his lifetime?
Answer: his companions
Question: What was done to the Quranic text early in its history leaving few markedly different variants?
Answer: standardized
Question: Which which university is Fred Donner affiliated?
Answer: University of Chicago
Question: The Quran is widely accepted by historians to contain a relatively accurate record of whose words?
Answer: Muhammad
Question: Who had begun forgetting Muhammad's revelations in his lifetime?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was done to the Quranic text late in its history leaving few markedly different variants?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was done to the Quranic text early in its history leaving few markedly same variants?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which which university isn't Fred Donner affiliated?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Quran is widely rejected by historians to contain a relatively accurate record of whose words?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Darwin had his basic theory of natural selection "by which to work" by December 1838, yet almost twenty years later, when Wallace's letter arrived on 18 June 1858, Darwin was still not ready to publish his theory. It was long thought that Darwin avoided or delayed making his ideas public for personal reasons. Reasons suggested have included fear of religious persecution or social disgrace if his views were revealed, and concern about upsetting his clergymen naturalist friends or his pious wife Emma. Charles Darwin's illness caused repeated delays. His paper on Glen Roy had proved embarrassingly wrong, and he may have wanted to be sure he was correct. David Quammen has suggested all these factors may have contributed, and notes Darwin's large output of books and busy family life during that time.
Question: By which year did Darwin have the basic premise of his natural selection theory?
Answer: 1838
Question: Why might Darwin have postponed publishing his theory of evolution for over 20 years?
Answer: fear of religious persecution or social disgrace
Question: Which paper did Darwin write that was incorrect?
Answer: Glen Roy
Question: Who might Darwin have feared upsetting by publishing his work?
Answer: his clergymen naturalist friends or his pious wife Emma. |
Context: Indigenous education refers to the inclusion of indigenous knowledge, models, methods, and content within formal and non-formal educational systems. Often in a post-colonial context, the growing recognition and use of indigenous education methods can be a response to the erosion and loss of indigenous knowledge and language through the processes of colonialism. Furthermore, it can enable indigenous communities to "reclaim and revalue their languages and cultures, and in so doing, improve the educational success of indigenous students."
Question: What makes up Indigenous education?
Answer: indigenous knowledge, models, methods, and content
Question: In which two systems can Indigenous education be used?
Answer: formal and non-formal educational systems
Question: What is one of the main purposes for Indigenous education?
Answer: improve the educational success of indigenous students
Question: What does not make up Indigenous education?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What education is only a formal educational system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is not a main purposes for Indigenous education?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do indigenous communites not do in education?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Norfolk Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, east of the Australian mainland. Norfolk Island is the main island of the island group the territory encompasses and is located at 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950. It has an area of 34.6 square kilometres (13.4 sq mi), with no large-scale internal bodies of water and 32 km (20 mi) of coastline. The island's highest point is Mount Bates (319 metres (1,047 feet) above sea level), located in the northwest quadrant of the island. The majority of the terrain is suitable for farming and other agricultural uses. Phillip Island, the second largest island of the territory, is located at 29°07′S 167°57′E / 29.117°S 167.950°E / -29.117; 167.950, seven kilometres (4.3 miles) south of the main island.
Question: What part of the Pacific Ocean is Norfolk Island located?
Answer: South
Question: What direction is Norfolk Island in relation to Australia?
Answer: east
Question: What are the coordinates for Norfolk Island?
Answer: 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950
Question: What is the name of the mountain at Norfolk Island's highest point?
Answer: Mount Bates
Question: What is the name of the second largest island of the territory of Norfolk Island?
Answer: Phillip Island
Question: What part of the Atlantic Ocean is Norfolk Island located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What direction is Norfolk Island no longer in relation to Australia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the fake coordinates for Norfolk Island?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the mountain at Norfolk Island's lowest point?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the second worst island of the territory of Norfolk Island?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many of Boston's medical facilities are associated with universities. The facilities in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area and in Massachusetts General Hospital are affiliated with Harvard Medical School. Tufts Medical Center (formerly Tufts-New England Medical Center), located in the southern portion of the Chinatown neighborhood, is affiliated with Tufts University School of Medicine. Boston Medical Center, located in the South End neighborhood, is the primary teaching facility for the Boston University School of Medicine as well as the largest trauma center in the Boston area; it was formed by the merger of Boston University Hospital and Boston City Hospital, which was the first municipal hospital in the United States.
Question: A lot of Bostond medical facilities are associated with what?
Answer: universities
Question: The Longwood medical and Academic Area is affiliated with what medical school?
Answer: Harvard Medical School
Question: Tufts- new England medical Center was renamed what?
Answer: Tufts Medical Center
Question: What neighborhood is the Tufts medical Center located in?
Answer: Chinatown
Question: What is the name of the first municipal Hospital in the US?
Answer: Boston City Hospital |
Context: On 14 June 1925, in a spontaneous reaction against Primo de Rivera's dictatorship, the crowd in the stadium jeered the Royal March. As a reprisal, the ground was closed for six months and Gamper was forced to relinquish the presidency of the club. This coincided with the transition to professional football, and, in 1926, the directors of Barcelona publicly claimed, for the first time, to operate a professional football club. On 3 July 1927, the club held a second testimonial match for Paulino Alcántara, against the Spanish national team. To kick off the match, local journalist and pilot Josep Canudas dropped the ball onto the pitch from his airplane. In 1928, victory in the Spanish Cup was celebrated with a poem titled "Oda a Platko", which was written by a member of the Generation of '27, Rafael Alberti, inspired by the heroic performance of the Barcelona goalkeeper, Franz Platko. On 23 June 1929, Barcelona won the inaugural Spanish League. A year after winning the championship, on 30 July 1930, Gamper committed suicide after a period of depression brought on by personal and financial problems.
Question: In 1925 what incident by the crowd caused the closing of the stadium?
Answer: jeered the Royal March
Question: How long was the stadium closed?
Answer: six months
Question: What year did Barcelona claim to be a professional football club?
Answer: 1926
Question: When did Barcelona win the Spanish League?
Answer: 23 June 1929
Question: What past president of the Barcelona club committed suicide in 1930?
Answer: Gamper |
Context: By the mid-1970s, the agency had achieved a semi-automated air traffic control system using both radar and computer technology. This system required enhancement to keep pace with air traffic growth, however, especially after the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 phased out the CAB's economic regulation of the airlines. A nationwide strike by the air traffic controllers union in 1981 forced temporary flight restrictions but failed to shut down the airspace system. During the following year, the agency unveiled a new plan for further automating its air traffic control facilities, but progress proved disappointing. In 1994, the FAA shifted to a more step-by-step approach that has provided controllers with advanced equipment.
Question: When did the agency acheive a semi-automated air traffic control system?
Answer: mid-1970s
Question: When was the Airline Deregulation act?
Answer: 1978
Question: When did the nationwide strike by air traffic controlers union happen?
Answer: 1981
Question: when did the FAA shift to a more step-by-step approach to providing air traffic controllers with more advanced equipment?
Answer: 1994
Question: What helped operate radar in the new air-traffic control system?
Answer: computer technology
Question: When did the agency achieve fully automated air traffic control systems?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was airline deregulation phased out?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the act that phased out airline deregulation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the nationwide strike that forced flight restrictions but failed to shutdown the aerospace system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of enhancement did the air traffic control system get to keep up with air traffic growth?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: ISPs provide Internet access, employing a range of technologies to connect users to their network. Available technologies have ranged from computer modems with acoustic couplers to telephone lines, to television cable (CATV), wireless Ethernet (wi-fi), and fiber optics.
Question: What do ISPs provide?
Answer: Internet access
Question: how do isps provide internet access?
Answer: a range of technologies to connect users to their network
Question: what is one type of technology used to connect to the internet?
Answer: television cable (CATV)
Question: what type of technology is used to connect to the internet wirelessly?
Answer: wireless Ethernet (wi-fi)
Question: what was an earlier technology used to connect to the internet?
Answer: telephone lines
Question: Who provides the Internet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What old technology was unable to be used to connect to the Internet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What technology is used to connect the Internet through wires?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Computer motherboards are used to do what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Norwegian researchers at the University of Tromsø have shown that some Arctic animals (ptarmigan, reindeer) show circadian rhythms only in the parts of the year that have daily sunrises and sunsets. In one study of reindeer, animals at 70 degrees North showed circadian rhythms in the autumn, winter and spring, but not in the summer. Reindeer on Svalbard at 78 degrees North showed such rhythms only in autumn and spring. The researchers suspect that other Arctic animals as well may not show circadian rhythms in the constant light of summer and the constant dark of winter.
Question: What type of animals have been shown to have circadian rhythms only at certain times?
Answer: Arctic animals
Question: What daily feature do animals that show limited circadian rhythms need?
Answer: sunrises and sunsets
Question: In a study, when did reindeer at 70 degrees north only show circadian rhythms?
Answer: autumn, winter and spring
Question: At what degree north did reindeer show rhythms only in autumn and summer?
Answer: 78 degrees
Question: What aninmals do researchers think might also show a variance in circadian rhythms in different seasons?
Answer: other Arctic animals
Question: When do subarctic animals have circadian rythms?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When do reindeer below 70 degrees show circadian rythems?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What reinder at 78 degrees do not show circadian rythems?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What animals show circadian rythems during the costant light of summer?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The permanent headquarters of the Arab League are located in Cairo and the body's secretary general has traditionally been Egyptian. This position is currently held by former foreign minister Nabil el-Araby. The Arab League briefly moved from Egypt to Tunis in 1978 to protest the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty, but it later returned to Cairo in 1989. Gulf monarchies, including the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia, have pledged billions of dollars to help Egypt overcome its economic difficulties since the July 2013 coup.
Question: Where is the Arab League headquarters?
Answer: Cairo
Question: Who is the leader of Arab League?
Answer: Nabil el-Araby
Question: What 2 Gulf monarchies have pledged billions of dollars to help Egypt overcome recent economic difficulties?
Answer: United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia |
Context: There are seven state parks within the confines of New York City, including Clay Pit Ponds State Park Preserve, a natural area which includes extensive riding trails, and Riverbank State Park, a 28-acre (110,000 m2) facility that rises 69 feet (21 m) over the Hudson River.
Question: How many state parks exist in New York City?
Answer: seven
Question: How large is Riverbank State Park in acres?
Answer: 28
Question: How many meters is Riverbank State Park elevated above the Hudson River?
Answer: 21
Question: How many New York state parks are within New York City?
Answer: seven
Question: Riverbank State park's highest point is how high above the Hudson River?
Answer: 69 feet |
Context: In Central Catalan, unstressed vowels reduce to three: /a e ɛ/ > [ə]; /o ɔ u/ > [u]; /i/ remains distinct. The other dialects have different vowel reduction processes (see the section pronunciation of dialects in this article).
Question: How many reduced unstressed are vowels are there in Central Catalan?
Answer: three
Question: What vowel stays distinct?
Answer: /i/
Question: What kind of vowel processes do other dialects have?
Answer: different
Question: Where do you find dialectic vowel reductions?
Answer: section pronunciation |
Context: Roman Catholic Jesuits and Capuchins arrived from Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. Portuguese missionaries Jesuit Father António de Andrade and Brother Manuel Marques first reached the kingdom of Gelu in western Tibet in 1624 and was welcomed by the royal family who allowed them to build a church later on. By 1627, there were about a hundred local converts in the Guge kingdom. Later on, Christianity was introduced to Rudok, Ladakh and Tsang and was welcomed by the ruler of the Tsang kingdom, where Andrade and his fellows established a Jesuit outpost at Shigatse in 1626.
Question: When did Roman Catholic Jesuits and Capuchins arrive in Tibet from Europe?
Answer: 17th and 18th centuries
Question: When did Portuguese missionaries first arrive in western Tibet?
Answer: 1624
Question: When was Christianity introduced to Rudok, Ladakh, and Tsang?
Answer: 1626
Question: Who arrived in Western Tibet in 1642?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Father Antonio de Andrade and Brother Manuel Marques first reach in 1642?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many converts were there by 1672?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was established in 1662?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Unlike in multicellular organisms, increases in cell size (cell growth) and reproduction by cell division are tightly linked in unicellular organisms. Bacteria grow to a fixed size and then reproduce through binary fission, a form of asexual reproduction. Under optimal conditions, bacteria can grow and divide extremely rapidly, and bacterial populations can double as quickly as every 9.8 minutes. In cell division, two identical clone daughter cells are produced. Some bacteria, while still reproducing asexually, form more complex reproductive structures that help disperse the newly formed daughter cells. Examples include fruiting body formation by Myxobacteria and aerial hyphae formation by Streptomyces, or budding. Budding involves a cell forming a protrusion that breaks away and produces a daughter cell.
Question: How size and reproduction are linked in bacteria?
Answer: Bacteria grow to a fixed size and then reproduce
Question: How does bacteria reproduce?
Answer: through binary fission
Question: If the conditions are right how long does it take for bacteria to reproduce?
Answer: divide extremely rapidly
Question: What are produced in cell division?
Answer: two identical clone daughter cells |
Context: The name Oklahoma comes from the Choctaw phrase okla humma, literally meaning red people. Choctaw Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government regarding the use of Indian Territory, in which he envisioned an all-Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Equivalent to the English word Indian, okla humma was a phrase in the Choctaw language used to describe Native American people as a whole. Oklahoma later became the de facto name for Oklahoma Territory, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after the area was opened to white settlers.
Question: What language does the name Oklahoma come from?
Answer: Choctaw
Question: What does Oklahoma mean?
Answer: red people
Question: When was the name Oklahoma suggested?
Answer: 1866
Question: Who suggested the name Oklahoma?
Answer: Choctaw Chief Allen Wright
Question: When was the name Oklahoma made official?
Answer: 1890 |
Context: The attacks on the torch in London and Paris were described as "despicable" by the Chinese government, condemning them as "deliberate disruptions... who gave no thought to the Olympic spirit or the laws of Britain and France" and who "tarnish the lofty Olympic spirit", and vowed they would continue with the relay and not allow the protests to "impede the Olympic spirit". Large-scale counter-protests by overseas Chinese and foreign-based Chinese nationals became prevalent in later segments of the relay. In San Francisco, the number of supporters were much more than the number of protesters, and in Australia, Japan, South Korea, the counter-protesters overwhelmed the protesters. A couple of skirmishes between the protesters and supporters were reported. No major protests were visible in the Latin America, Africa, and Western Asia legs of the torch relay.
Question: Who condemned the various attacks on the torch relay route?
Answer: the Chinese government
Question: In San Francisco, who had a larger presence than the protesters?
Answer: supporters
Question: Who overwhelmed the protesters in Japan?
Answer: counter-protesters
Question: Who amassed in large scale against protesters?
Answer: counter-protesters
Question: What was said to have occurred between some supporters and protesters?
Answer: skirmishes
Question: What three areas of the globe were protests reported as not big?
Answer: Latin America, Africa, and Western Asia |
Context: East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. The indigenous Balts who survived the conquest were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the following centuries, Germans became the dominant ethnic group, while Poles and Lithuanians formed minorities. From the 13th century, East Prussia was part of the monastic state of the Teutonic Knights. After the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466 it became a fief of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1525, with the Prussian Homage, the province became the Duchy of Prussia. The Old Prussian language had become extinct by the 17th or early 18th century.
Question: Who defeated the native Prussians during the 13 century?
Answer: Teutonic Knights
Question: The Balts were gradually converted into which religion?
Answer: Christianity
Question: Which ethnic group become dominant following the 13 century just a few hundred years later?
Answer: Germans
Question: What other groups during this period for form minorities?
Answer: Poles and Lithuanians
Question: Around when did the Old Prussian language become extinct?
Answer: 17th or early 18th century
Question: In what century did the Teutonic Knights originate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country did the Teutonic Knights come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was the First Peace of Thorn?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What ethnic group dominated the Kingdom of Poland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language did the Teutonic Knights speak?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Growing out of the Somali people's rich storytelling tradition, the first few feature-length Somali films and cinematic festivals emerged in the early 1960s, immediately after independence. Following the creation of the Somali Film Agency (SFA) regulatory body in 1975, the local film scene began to expand rapidly. The Somali filmmaker Ali Said Hassan concurrently served as the SFA's representative in Rome. In the 1970s and early 1980s, popular musicals known as riwaayado were the main driving force behind the Somali movie industry. Epic and period films as well as international co-productions followed suit, facilitated by the proliferation of video technology and national television networks. Said Salah Ahmed during this period directed his first feature film, The Somali Darwish (The Somalia Dervishes), devoted to the Dervish State. In the 1990s and 2000s, a new wave of more entertainment-oriented movies emerged. Referred to as Somaliwood, this upstart, youth-based cinematic movement has energized the Somali film industry and in the process introduced innovative storylines, marketing strategies and production techniques. The young directors Abdisalam Aato of Olol Films and Abdi Malik Isak are at the forefront of this quiet revolution.
Question: In what decade were the first Somali feature films made?
Answer: 1960s
Question: In what year was the SFA founded?
Answer: 1975
Question: Who was the representative of the Somali Film Agency in Rome?
Answer: Ali Said Hassan
Question: What are riwaaydo?
Answer: popular musicals
Question: What was the name of Said Salah Ahmed's first feature?
Answer: The Somali Darwish |
Context: Medieval thought experiments into the idea of a vacuum considered whether a vacuum was present, if only for an instant, between two flat plates when they were rapidly separated. There was much discussion of whether the air moved in quickly enough as the plates were separated, or, as Walter Burley postulated, whether a 'celestial agent' prevented the vacuum arising. The commonly held view that nature abhorred a vacuum was called horror vacui. Speculation that even God could not create a vacuum if he wanted to was shut down[clarification needed] by the 1277 Paris condemnations of Bishop Etienne Tempier, which required there to be no restrictions on the powers of God, which led to the conclusion that God could create a vacuum if he so wished. Jean Buridan reported in the 14th century that teams of ten horses could not pull open bellows when the port was sealed.
Question: Who required no restrictions regarding God's power?
Answer: Bishop Etienne Tempier
Question: When did Buridan state that teams of ten horses could not open a bellow with a sealed port?
Answer: 14th century
Question: the 1277 Paris Condemnations led to what conclusion?
Answer: God could create a vacuum if he so wished.
Question: What was a common belief about vacuums and nature?
Answer: nature abhorred a vacuum
Question: what was the belief that nature abhorred a vaccuum called?
Answer: horror vacui
Question: What did Bishop Etienne Tempier believe prevented a vacuum from forming?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the commonly held view in the medieval period that God could not create a vacuum called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What point of view regarding God became popular in the 14th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: According to Walter Burley in the 14th century, what could teams of ten horses not pull open?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Walter Burley require there be no restrictions on in the 14th century?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Battles which are particularly notable to the Canadian military include the Battle of Vimy Ridge, the Dieppe Raid, the Battle of Ortona, the Battle of Passchendaele, the Normandy Landings, the Battle for Caen, the Battle of the Scheldt, the Battle of Britain, the Battle of the Atlantic, the strategic bombing of German cities, and more recently the Battle of Medak Pocket, in Croatia.
Question: What famous World War II battle was the Canadian Military part of?
Answer: the Normandy Landings
Question: What effort was the Canadian Military known for in Germany?
Answer: the strategic bombing of German cities
Question: What Battle in France was the Canadian Military known for?
Answer: the Battle of Vimy Ridge
Question: What country was the latest Canadian Military effort?
Answer: Croatia
Question: Who are the Battle of Normandy Landings and the Vimy Ridge Raid notable to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who are the Battle of Dieppe and the Battle of Medak Pocket notable to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What famous World War II battle was the French Military part of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What effort was the Canadian Military known for in France?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Battle in France was the Canadian Military not known for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country was the latest French Military effort?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Although professional wrestling in Mexico (lucha libre) also has stories and characters, they are less emphasized. Wrestlers in Mexico are traditionally more agile and perform more aerial maneuvers than professional wrestlers in the U.S. who, more often, rely on power moves and strikes to subdue their opponents. The difference in styles is due to the independent evolution of the sport in Mexico beginning in the 1930s and the fact that wrestlers in the cruiserweight division (peso semicompleto) are often the most popular wrestlers in Mexican lucha libre. Wrestlers often execute high flying moves characteristic of lucha libre by utilizing the wrestling ring's ropes to catapult themselves towards their opponents, using intricate combinations in rapid-fire succession, and applying complex submission holds. Lucha libre is also known for its tag team wrestling matches, in which the teams are often made up of three members, instead of two as is common in the U.S.
Question: How do characters differ in Mexican wrestling?
Answer: they are less emphasized
Question: How are Mexican wrestlers different?
Answer: more agile and perform more aerial maneuvers
Question: What do American wrestlers depend on?
Answer: rely on power moves and strikes to subdue their opponents
Question: What else is lucha libre known for?
Answer: tag team wrestling matches
Question: How does lucha libre's tag team matches differ?
Answer: often made up of three members, instead of two as is common in the U.S |
Context: The roots of Presbyterianism lie in the European Reformation of the 16th century; the example of John Calvin's Geneva being particularly influential. Most Reformed churches which trace their history back to Scotland are either presbyterian or congregationalist in government. In the twentieth century, some Presbyterians played an important role in the ecumenical movement, including the World Council of Churches. Many Presbyterian denominations have found ways of working together with other Reformed denominations and Christians of other traditions, especially in the World Communion of Reformed Churches. Some Presbyterian churches have entered into unions with other churches, such as Congregationalists, Lutherans, Anglicans, and Methodists. Presbyterians in the United States came largely from Scotch-Irish immigrants communities, and also from New England Yankee communities that had originally been Congregational but changed because of an agreed-upon "Plan of Union of 1801" for frontier areas.
Question: Where do most presbyterian churches trace their history back to?
Answer: Scotland
Question: When did the reformation during the roots of Presbyterianism take place?
Answer: 16th century
Question: Which group did Presbyterian churches union with?
Answer: Congregationalists, Lutherans, Anglicans, and Methodists
Question: Where do the roots of the European Reformation lie?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which Reformation took place during the 17th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Most churches tracing back to which country are either Presbyterian or Methodist in government?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where do Presbyterians in Scotland mostly come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Yankee communities change to Congregational communities due to what plan?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Although many of FBI's functions are unique, its activities in support of national security are comparable to those of the British MI5 and the Russian FSB. Unlike the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), which has no law enforcement authority and is focused on intelligence collection overseas, FBI is primarily a domestic agency, maintaining 56 field offices in major cities throughout the United States, and more than 400 resident agencies in lesser cities and areas across the nation. At an FBI field office, a senior-level FBI officer concurrently serves as the representative of the Director of National Intelligence.
Question: What is the FBI comparable to?
Answer: British MI5 and the Russian FSB
Question: What kind of agency is the FBI?
Answer: FBI is primarily a domestic agency
Question: How many field offices does the FBI have in major cities?
Answer: 56
Question: Around how many offices does the FBI have in minor cities?
Answer: 400
Question: Who serves as the representative of the Director of National Intelligence?
Answer: senior-level FBI officer
Question: What intelligence agency is comparable to the CIA?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the FBI focus on overseas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many field offices does the CIA have in major cities in the United States?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many field offices does the FBI have outside of the United States?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who does a senior level CIA officer serve as a representative of in a CIA field office?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines."
Question: What religious order was St. Francis Xavier in?
Answer: Jesuit
Question: When was St. Francis Xavier born?
Answer: 1506
Question: When did St. Francis Xavier die?
Answer: 1552
Question: When did Xavier try to convert Japan to Christianity?
Answer: 1549–1551
Question: Who were the Japanese regarded as braver than?
Answer: the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines |
Context: The nervous system is large relative to the bird's size. The most developed part of the brain is the one that controls the flight-related functions, while the cerebellum coordinates movement and the cerebrum controls behaviour patterns, navigation, mating and nest building. Most birds have a poor sense of smell with notable exceptions including kiwis, New World vultures and tubenoses. The avian visual system is usually highly developed. Water birds have special flexible lenses, allowing accommodation for vision in air and water. Some species also have dual fovea. Birds are tetrachromatic, possessing ultraviolet (UV) sensitive cone cells in the eye as well as green, red and blue ones. This allows them to perceive ultraviolet light, which is involved in courtship. Birds have specialized light-sensing cells deep in their brains that respond to light without input from eyes or other sensory neurons. These photo-receptive cells in the hypothalamus are involved in detecting the longer days of spring, and thus regulate breeding activities.
Question: Which bird system is large relative to a bird's size?
Answer: nervous system
Question: What is tetrachromatic?
Answer: possessing ultraviolet (UV) sensitive cone cells in the eye as well as green, red and blue ones
Question: Why do birds need to perceive ultraviolet light?
Answer: courtship
Question: What regulates breeding activities?
Answer: photo-receptive cells in |
Context: Examples of energy transformation include generating electric energy from heat energy via a steam turbine, or lifting an object against gravity using electrical energy driving a crane motor. Lifting against gravity performs mechanical work on the object and stores gravitational potential energy in the object. If the object falls to the ground, gravity does mechanical work on the object which transforms the potential energy in the gravitational field to the kinetic energy released as heat on impact with the ground. Our Sun transforms nuclear potential energy to other forms of energy; its total mass does not decrease due to that in itself (since it still contains the same total energy even if in different forms), but its mass does decrease when the energy escapes out to its surroundings, largely as radiant energy.
Question: Give one example of energy transformation.
Answer: generating electric energy from heat energy via a steam turbine
Question: What transforms nuclear potential energy to other forms of energy?
Answer: Sun
Question: What is another example of energy transformation?
Answer: lifting an object against gravity using electrical energy driving a crane motor
Question: Give one example of linear transformation.
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What transforms non-nuclear potential energy to other forms of energy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another example of solar transformation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does pushing with gravity perform?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: what type of energy escapes to its surroundings when mass increases?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In addition to Seurat, the roots of cubism are to be found in the two distinct tendencies of Cézanne's later work: first his breaking of the painted surface into small multifaceted areas of paint, thereby emphasizing the plural viewpoint given by binocular vision, and second his interest in the simplification of natural forms into cylinders, spheres, and cones. However, the cubists explored this concept further than Cézanne. They represented all the surfaces of depicted objects in a single picture plane, as if the objects had all their faces visible at the same time. This new kind of depiction revolutionized the way objects could be visualized in painting and art.
Question: Besides Seurat where else are the beginnigs of Cubism found?
Answer: in the two distinct tendencies of Cézanne's later work
Question: Cubists exploration of the concept of the simplification of forms into cones cylinders and spheres was further explored by whom?
Answer: Cézanne
Question: Cubism revolutionized the way things could be seen in art how?
Answer: all the surfaces of depicted objects in a single picture plane, as if the objects had all their faces visible at the same time.
Question: Besides Seurat where else are the end of Cubism found?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Cubists exploration of the concept of the simplification of forms into cones cylinders and spheres was further not explored by whom?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Cubism revolutionized the way things could not be seen in art how?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the period in which the populares party controlled the city, they flouted convention by re-electing Marius consul several times without observing the customary ten-year interval between offices. They also transgressed the established oligarchy by advancing unelected individuals to magisterial office, and by substituting magisterial edicts for popular legislation. Sulla soon made peace with Mithridates. In 83 BC, he returned to Rome, overcame all resistance, and recaptured the city. Sulla and his supporters then slaughtered most of Marius' supporters. Sulla, having observed the violent results of radical popular reforms, was naturally conservative. As such, he sought to strengthen the aristocracy, and by extension the senate. Sulla made himself dictator, passed a series of constitutional reforms, resigned the dictatorship, and served one last term as consul. He died in 78 BC.
Question: How many years was normal to span between offices prior to the populares controlling the city?
Answer: ten-year interval
Question: In what year did Sulla succesfully take over the populares controlled city?
Answer: 83 BC
Question: Who were slaughtered upon the arrival of Sulla in Rome?
Answer: most of Marius' supporters
Question: In what year did Sulla die?
Answer: 78 BC
Question: Which leader had achieved peace with Mithridates?
Answer: Sulla |
Context: The first newspaper in Namibia was the German-language Windhoeker Anzeiger, founded 1898. Radio was introduced in 1969, TV in 1981. During German rule, the newspapers mainly reflected the living reality and the view of the white German-speaking minority. The black majority was ignored or depicted as a threat. During South African rule, the white bias continued, with mentionable influence of the Pretoria government on the "South West African" media system. Independent newspapers were seen as a menace to the existing order, critical journalists threatened.
Question: What was the first Namibian newspaper?
Answer: Windhoeker Anzeiger
Question: What was the language in which the first Namibian newspaper was printed in?
Answer: German
Question: When was the first Namibian newspaper founded?
Answer: 1898
Question: When was radio introduced in Namibia?
Answer: 1969
Question: When was TV introduced in Namibia?
Answer: 1981
Question: What was the first English newspaper in Namibia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did South Africa take over ruling Namibia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Germany take over ruling Namibia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the first newspaper in Namibia that reflected the realities of the black citizens?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the first black-focused radio channel introduced?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 2010, the G.R. N'Namdi Gallery opened in a 16,000-square-foot (1,500 m2) complex in Midtown. Important history of America and the Detroit area are exhibited at The Henry Ford in Dearborn, the United States' largest indoor-outdoor museum complex. The Detroit Historical Society provides information about tours of area churches, skyscrapers, and mansions. Inside Detroit, meanwhile, hosts tours, educational programming, and a downtown welcome center. Other sites of interest are the Detroit Zoo in Royal Oak, the Cranbrook Art Museum in Bloomfield Hills, the Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory on Belle Isle, and Walter P. Chrysler Museum in Auburn Hills.
Question: What is the U.S.'s largest museum complex?
Answer: The Henry Ford
Question: Where is the Detroit Zoo?
Answer: Royal Oak
Question: What museum is in Bloomfield Hills?
Answer: Cranbrook Art Museum
Question: What museum is on Belle Isle?
Answer: Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory
Question: What Detroit gallery opened in 2010?
Answer: G.R. N'Namdi Gallery |
Context: Buddhist scholars have produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts (see, for example, Abhidharma, Buddhist philosophy and Reality in Buddhism). Some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study, and some regard it as essential practice.
Question: What are some of the theories and philosophies produced by Buddhist scholars?
Answer: Abhidharma, Buddhist philosophy and Reality in Buddhism
Question: Does Buddhism encourage or discourage doctrinal studies?
Answer: Some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study, and some regard it as essential practice.
Question: Who has produced a number of theories and concepts such as Abhidharma and Reality in Buddhism?
Answer: Buddhist scholars
Question: Some schools within Buddhism discourage what type of study?
Answer: doctrinal |
Context: Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japanese term manga is written.
Question: What Russian word is used for comics?
Answer: komiks
Question: What German word is used for comics?
Answer: comics
Question: What Chinese word was derived from the Japanese word manga?
Answer: manhua
Question: What Korean word was derived from the Japanese word for manga?
Answer: manhwa
Question: What Russian word isn't used for comics?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Prussian word is used for comics?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What German word isn't used for comics?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Chinese word wasn't derived from the Japanese word manga?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Korean word wasn't derived from the Japanese word for manga?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Much of New Delhi, planned by the leading 20th-century British architect Edwin Lutyens, was laid out to be the central administrative area of the city as a testament to Britain's imperial pretensions. New Delhi is structured around two central promenades called the Rajpath and the Janpath. The Rajpath, or King's Way, stretches from the Rashtrapati Bhavan to the India Gate. The Janpath (Hindi: "Path of the People"), formerly Queen's Way, begins at Connaught Circus and cuts the Rajpath at right angles. 19 foreign embassies are located on the nearby Shantipath (Hindi: "Path of Peace"), making it the largest diplomatic enclave in India.
Question: What British architect was responsible for designing much of New Delhi?
Answer: Edwin Lutyens
Question: What are the names of the two central promenades around which New Delhi is structured?
Answer: Rajpath and the Janpath
Question: Which of the two promenades is referred to as The King's Way?
Answer: the Rajpath
Question: Which promenade was formerly known as the Queen's Way?
Answer: The Janpath
Question: The largest diplomatic enclave in India which contains 19 foreign embassies is located along which promenade?
Answer: Shantipath |
Context: Sanskrit has greatly influenced the languages of India that grew from its vocabulary and grammatical base; for instance, Hindi is a "Sanskritised register" of the Khariboli dialect. All modern Indo-Aryan languages, as well as Munda and Dravidian languages, have borrowed many words either directly from Sanskrit (tatsama words), or indirectly via middle Indo-Aryan languages (tadbhava words). Words originating in Sanskrit are estimated at roughly fifty percent of the vocabulary of modern Indo-Aryan languages, as well as the literary forms of Malayalam and Kannada. Literary texts in Telugu are lexically Sanskrit or Sanskritised to an enormous extent, perhaps seventy percent or more.
Question: What language has influenced the languages of India?
Answer: Sanskrit
Question: Of what is Hindi considered to be in relation to Sanskrit?
Answer: Sanskritised register
Question: From what dialect is Hindi descended?
Answer: Khariboli
Question: What is the percentage of Sanskrit words thought to be in modern Indo-Aryan languages?
Answer: fifty percent
Question: What language texts are as much as 70% Sanskrit?
Answer: Telugu
Question: What did the languages of India greatly influence?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Khariboli dialect a Sanskritised register of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where has Sanskrit borrowed words from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percent of vocabulary comes from languages of India?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What place are literary texts rarely considered lexically Sanskrit?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Early recommendations for the quantity of water required for maintenance of good health suggested that 6–8 glasses of water daily is the minimum to maintain proper hydration. However the notion that a person should consume eight glasses of water per day cannot be traced to a credible scientific source. The original water intake recommendation in 1945 by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council read: "An ordinary standard for diverse persons is 1 milliliter for each calorie of food. Most of this quantity is contained in prepared foods." More recent comparisons of well-known recommendations on fluid intake have revealed large discrepancies in the volumes of water we need to consume for good health. Therefore, to help standardize guidelines, recommendations for water consumption are included in two recent European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) documents (2010): (i) Food-based dietary guidelines and (ii) Dietary reference values for water or adequate daily intakes (ADI). These specifications were provided by calculating adequate intakes from measured intakes in populations of individuals with “desirable osmolarity values of urine and desirable water volumes per energy unit consumed.” For healthful hydration, the current EFSA guidelines recommend total water intakes of 2.0 L/day for adult females and 2.5 L/day for adult males. These reference values include water from drinking water, other beverages, and from food. About 80% of our daily water requirement comes from the beverages we drink, with the remaining 20% coming from food. Water content varies depending on the type of food consumed, with fruit and vegetables containing more than cereals, for example. These values are estimated using country-specific food balance sheets published by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. Other guidelines for nutrition also have implications for the beverages we consume for healthy hydration- for example, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that added sugars should represent no more than 10% of total energy intake.
Question: What was the early recommended amount of water that was supposedly required to keep the body hydrated?
Answer: 6–8 glasses of water daily
Question: Who originally made a water intake recommendation in 1945?
Answer: Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council
Question: How much water should be taken in for each calorie of food that is consumed?
Answer: 1 milliliter
Question: What does ADI stand for?
Answer: adequate daily intakes
Question: Where do humans get the 20% of water that does not come from the beverages we drink?
Answer: food |
Context: On August 5, 2008, SCA and Bertelsmann announced that Sony had agreed to acquire Bertelsmann's 50% stake in Sony BMG. Sony completed its acquisition of Bertelsmann's 50% stake in the companies' joint venture on October 1, 2008. The company, once again named Sony Music Entertainment Inc., became a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Corporation through its US subsidiary SCA. The last few albums to feature a Sony BMG logo were Thriller 25 by Michael Jackson, I Am... Sasha Fierce by Beyoncé, Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits by Christina Aguilera, and Safe Trip Home by Dido. A temporary logo was unveiled beginning December 1, 2008. The present logo was unveiled in March 2009.
Question: In what year did Sony take BMG's half stake in the company?
Answer: 2008
Question: Name one of the final albums to ever have the Sony BMG label?
Answer: Thriller 25 by Michael Jackson, I Am... Sasha Fierce by Beyoncé, Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits by Christina Aguilera, and Safe Trip Home by Dido
Question: When was Sony's new logo revealed to the public?
Answer: 2009
Question: The first few albums to feature a Sony BMG logo were?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: A permanent logo was unveiled on December 1 of what year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The present logo was unveiled in December of what year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Bertelsmann acquired Sony's 50% stake on what date?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Maratha states, following the Anglo-Maratha wars, eventually lost to the British East India Company in 1818 with the Third Anglo-Maratha War. The rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian rebellion of 1857 and consequent of the Government of India Act 1858, the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj. In 1819 Stamford Raffles established Singapore as a key trading post for Britain in their rivalry with the Dutch. However, their rivalry cooled in 1824 when an Anglo-Dutch treaty demarcated their respective interests in Southeast Asia. From the 1850s onwards, the pace of colonization shifted to a significantly higher gear.
Question: In what year did the Maratha states lose to the British East Company?
Answer: 1818
Question: What was the name of the war lost by the Maratha states in 1818?
Answer: the Third Anglo-Maratha War
Question: How long did the British east Indian Company rule last after the war?
Answer: 1858
Question: What caused the British east Indian Company rule to end?
Answer: the Indian rebellion of 1857 and consequent of the Government of India Act 1858
Question: What did Britain establish in 1824?
Answer: Singapore as a key trading post |
Context: Zinc metal is produced using extractive metallurgy. After grinding the ore, froth flotation, which selectively separates minerals from gangue by taking advantage of differences in their hydrophobicity, is used to get an ore concentrate. This concentrate consists of about 50% zinc with the rest being sulfur (32%), iron (13%), and SiO
2 (5%). The composition of this is normally zinc sulfide (80% to 85%), iron sulfide (7.0% to 12%), lead sulfide (3.0% to 5.0%) silica (2.5% to 3.5%), and cadmium sulfide (0.35% to 0.41%).
Question: What is used to produce the metal zinc?
Answer: extractive metallurgy.
Question: What is froth flotation used for?
Answer: get an ore concentrate
Question: What is the first step in zinc metal production?
Answer: grinding the ore
Question: What percentage of the ore concentrate is zinc?
Answer: 50%
Question: What is used to eliminate the metal zinc?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is froth flotation no longer used for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the only step in zinc metal production?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of the s'more concentrate is zinc?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: San Diego is served by the San Diego Trolley light rail system, by the SDMTS bus system, and by Coaster and Amtrak Pacific Surfliner commuter rail; northern San Diego county is also served by the Sprinter light rail line. The Trolley primarily serves downtown and surrounding urban communities, Mission Valley, east county, and coastal south bay. A planned Mid-Coast extension of the Trolley will operate from Old Town to University City and the University of California, San Diego along the I-5 Freeway, with planned operation by 2018. The Amtrak and Coaster trains currently run along the coastline and connect San Diego with Los Angeles, Orange County, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura via Metrolink and the Pacific Surfliner. There are two Amtrak stations in San Diego, in Old Town and the Santa Fe Depot downtown. San Diego transit information about public transportation and commuting is available on the Web and by dialing "511" from any phone in the area.
Question: What areas of San Diego are primarily served by the trolley?
Answer: downtown and surrounding urban communities
Question: What public transportation is in the works to be completed by 2018?
Answer: A planned Mid-Coast extension of the Trolley
Question: How many Amtrak stations are in San Diego?
Answer: two
Question: What number can you dial from any phone for public transportation information in San Diego?
Answer: 511
Question: Where do the Amtrak and Coaster trains primarily run?
Answer: along the coastline
Question: What areas of San Francisco are primarily served by the trolley?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What public transportation is in the works to be completed by 2019?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Amtrak stations are in San Francisco?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What number can you dial from any phone for public transportation information in San Francisco?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where do the Amtrak and Coaster trains primarily never run?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. After a year of experimentation and discussion, the Red Book CD-DA standard was published in 1980. After their commercial release in 1982, compact discs and their players were extremely popular. Despite costing up to $1,000, over 400,000 CD players were sold in the United States between 1983 and 1984. The success of the compact disc has been credited to the cooperation between Philips and Sony, who came together to agree upon and develop compatible hardware. The unified design of the compact disc allowed consumers to purchase any disc or player from any company, and allowed the CD to dominate the at-home music market unchallenged.
Question: Who created Compact Disc prototypes in the 1970s?
Answer: Philips and Sony
Question: How lond did the creation of Red Book CD-DA standard take?
Answer: a year
Question: How many CD players were sold in the United States in their first year?
Answer: 400,000
Question: What did the CD evolve from?
Answer: LaserDisc
Question: What made it possible for CDs to be played on any companies CD player?
Answer: unified design
Question: To what does the compact disc owe its prosperity?
Answer: cooperation between Philips and Sony
Question: What year did CD players become available for purchase?
Answer: 1982
Question: Which company created the CD first?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many CD players sold in 1984?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the LaserDisc created?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long was the Red Book CD-DA in print?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How were customers disadvantaged by the Philips and Sony merger?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Because neither Korea had a significant navy, the Korean War featured few naval battles. A skirmish between North Korea and the UN Command occurred on 2 July 1950; the U.S. Navy cruiser USS Juneau, the Royal Navy cruiser HMS Jamaica, and the frigate HMS Black Swan fought four North Korean torpedo boats and two mortar gunboats, and sank them. USS Juneau later sank several ammunition ships that had been present. The last sea battle of the Korean War occurred at Inchon, days before the Battle of Incheon; the ROK ship PC-703 sank a North Korean mine layer in the Battle of Haeju Island, near Inchon. Three other supply ships were sunk by PC-703 two days later in the Yellow Sea. Thereafter, vessels from the UN nations held undisputed control of the sea about Korea. The gun ships were used in shore bombardment, while the aircraft carriers provided air support to the ground forces.
Question: Why were naval skirmishes not really seen in the Korean War?
Answer: neither Korea had a significant navy
Question: Who pretty much gained and maintained control of the sea?
Answer: the UN nations
Question: Who dominated any battles that may have taken place at sea?
Answer: the UN Command
Question: Where was the last sea battle of the Korean War?
Answer: Inchon |
Context: Paul VI did renounce many traditional symbols of the papacy and the Catholic Church; some of his changes to the papal dress were reversed by Pope Benedict XVI in the early 21st century. Refusing a Vatican army of colourful military uniforms from centuries, he got rid of them. He became the first pope to visit five continents. Paul VI systematically continued and completed the efforts of his predecessors, to turn the Euro-centric Church into a Church of the world, by integrating the bishops from all continents in its government and in the Synods which he convened. His 6 August 1967 motu proprio Pro Comperto Sane opened the Roman Curia to the bishops of the world. Until then, only Cardinals could be leading members of the Curia.
Question: What type of theatrical uniforms did Paul VI eradicate from the Vatican?
Answer: army
Question: Who was the first pope to visit five continents?
Answer: Paul VI
Question: Where did Paul Vi turn the focus of the church toward during his papacy?
Answer: world
Question: What group of clergy did Paul VI include in Vatican decision making that had previously been denied influence in this realm?
Answer: bishops
Question: What papal statement under Paul VI opened the Vatican doors to global influences?
Answer: motu proprio Pro Comperto Sane |
Context: Besides Prince William and Prince Harry, members of the extended British Royal Family who have attended Eton include Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester and his son Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster; Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, his eldest son George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews and grandson Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick and his youngest son Lord Nicholas Windsor; Prince Michael of Kent and his son Lord Frederick Windsor; James Ogilvy, son of Princess Alexandra and the Right Honourable Angus Ogilvy, himself an Eton alumnus. Prince William of Gloucester (1942-1972) also attended Eton, as did George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, son of Princess Mary, Princess Royal.
Question: Which Duke of Gloucester attended Eton?
Answer: Prince Richard
Question: Where is Prince Richard's son, Alexander Windsor, Earl of?
Answer: Ulster
Question: Which 7th Earl of Harewood attended Eton?
Answer: George Lascelles
Question: Who was George Lascelles' mother?
Answer: Princess Mary, Princess Royal
Question: In what year did Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester graduate from Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Prince Edward, Duke of Kent start attending Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is Lord Downpatrick's grandson?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What school did Princess Mary, Princess Royal attend?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the 6th Earl of Harewood?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Russia had previously obtained recognition from the Ottoman Empire of the Tsar's role as special guardian of the Orthodox Christians in Moldavia and Wallachia. Now Russia used the Sultan's failure to resolve the issue of the protection of the Christian sites in the Holy Land as a pretext for Russian occupation of these Danubian provinces. Nicholas believed that the European powers, especially Austria, would not object strongly to the annexation of a few neighbouring Ottoman provinces, especially considering that Russia had assisted Austria's efforts in suppressing the Hungarian Revolution in 1849.
Question: Who was given the special role of guardian over the Orthodox Christians in Moldavia and Wallachia?
Answer: Russia
Question: Who recognized and gave Russia the special guardian role?
Answer: Ottoman Empire of the Tsar's
Question: Who felt Europe would not object to the joining of neighboring Ottoman provinces?
Answer: Nicholas |
Context: In 1911 arsphenamine, the first synthetic anti-infective drug, was developed by Paul Ehrlich and chemist Alfred Bertheim of the Institute of Experimental Therapy in Berlin. The drug was given the commercial name Salvarsan. Ehrlich, noting both the general toxicity of arsenic and the selective absorption of certain dyes by bacteria, hypothesized that an arsenic-containing dye with similar selective absorption properties could be used to treat bacterial infections. Arsphenamine was prepared as part of a campaign to synthesize a series of such compounds, and found to exhibit partially selective toxicity. Arsphenamine proved to be the first effective treatment for syphilis, a disease which prior to that time was incurable and led inexorably to severe skin ulceration, neurological damage, and death.[citation needed]
Question: Who developed Arsphenamine?
Answer: Paul Ehrlich and chemist Alfred Bertheim
Question: What was the first effective treatment for Syphilis?
Answer: Arsphenamine
Question: What complications are associated with Syphilis?
Answer: severe skin ulceration, neurological damage, and death
Question: What is Amphetamine's market name?
Answer: Institute of Experimental Therapy
Question: Where is the Institute of Experimental Therapy located?
Answer: Berlin
Question: What was the name of the first synthetic bacterial drug?
Answer: arsphenamine
Question: Bacterial infections could be treated with medicines containing what kind of dye?
Answer: arsenic
Question: Arsphenamine became the first treatment for what previously incurable disease?
Answer: syphilis
Question: In what year was arsphenamine discovered?
Answer: 1911
Question: What was the commercial name of arsphenamine?
Answer: Salvarsan
Question: Who developed commercial ulceration?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the first effective treatment for Bertheim?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What complications are associated with Bertheim?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Bertheim's market name?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is the Institute of Bertheim located?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On 14 June, while the world's attention was focused on the fall of Paris to Nazi Germany a day earlier, the Soviet military blockade on Estonia went into effect, two Soviet bombers downed the Finnish passenger aeroplane "Kaleva" flying from Tallinn to Helsinki carrying three diplomatic pouches from the US delegations in Tallinn, Riga and Helsinki. On 16 June, the Soviet Union invaded Estonia. The Red Army exited from their military bases in Estonia on 17 June. The following day, some 90,000 additional troops entered the country. In the face of overwhelming Soviet force, the Estonian government capitulated on 17 June 1940 to avoid bloodshed.
Question: What capital of France was lost to the Nazi Germans?
Answer: Paris
Question: When did the Soviet army initiate their blockade on Estonia?
Answer: 14 June
Question: What was the name of the Finnish aeroplane attacked by the Soviets?
Answer: Kaleva
Question: Where was the destination of Kaleva?
Answer: Helsinki |
Context: The nature and definition of matter - like other key concepts in science and philosophy - have occasioned much debate. Is there a single kind of matter (hyle) which everything is made of, or multiple kinds? Is matter a continuous substance capable of expressing multiple forms (hylomorphism), or a number of discrete, unchanging constituents (atomism)? Does it have intrinsic properties (substance theory), or is it lacking them (prima materia)?
Question: What is hyle?
Answer: matter
Question: What has never been debated?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the opposite of hylomorphism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the opposite of atomism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the term for zero kinds of matter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the term for lacking then gaining properties?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The city also had a large class of free people of color. By 1860, 3,785 free people of color were in Charleston, nearly 18% of the city's black population, and 8% of the total population. Free people of color were far more likely to be of mixed racial background than slaves. Many were educated, practiced skilled crafts, and some even owned substantial property, including slaves. In 1790, they established the Brown Fellowship Society for mutual aid, initially as a burial society. It continued until 1945.
Question: How many free people of color lived in Charleston in 1860?
Answer: 3,785
Question: What percentage of Charleston's population were free people of color?
Answer: 8%
Question: What percentage of Charleston's black population were free people of color?
Answer: 18%
Question: In what year was the Brown Fellowship Society created?
Answer: 1790
Question: In what year did the Brown Fellowship Society end?
Answer: 1945
Question: How many free people of color lived in Charleston in 1680?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of Charleston's population were slave people of color?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of Charleston's black population weren't free people of color?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was the Brown Fellowship Society ended?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did the Brown Fellowship Society start?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Royal Assent ceremony takes place in the Senate, as the sovereign is traditionally barred from the House of Commons. On the day of the event, the Speaker of the Senate will read to the chamber a notice from the secretary to the governor general indicating when the viceroy or a deputy thereof will arrive. The Senate thereafter cannot adjourn until after the ceremony. The speaker moves to sit beside the throne, the Mace Bearer, with mace in hand, stands adjacent to him or her, and the governor general enters to take the speaker's chair. The Usher of the Black Rod is then commanded by the speaker to summon the Members of Parliament, who follow Black Rod back to the Senate, the Sergeant-at-Arms carrying the mace of the House of Commons. In the Senate, those from the commons stand behind the bar, while Black Rod proceeds to stand next to the governor general, who then nods his or her head to signify Royal Assent to the presented bills (which do not include appropriations bills). Once the list of bills is complete, the Clerk of the Senate states: "in Her Majesty's name, His [or Her] Excellency the Governor General [or the deputy] doth assent to these bills." If there are any appropriation bills to receive Royal Assent, the Speaker of the House of Commons will read their titles and the Senate clerk repeats them to the governor general, who nods his or her head to communicate Royal Assent. When these bills have all been assented to, the Clerk of the Senate recites "in Her Majesty's name, His [or Her] Excellency the Governor General [or the deputy] thanks her loyal subjects, accepts their benevolence and assents to these bills. The governor general or his or her deputy then depart parliament.
Question: From where is the sovereign typically forbidden?
Answer: House of Commons
Question: Whose job is it to release parliament after the ceremony?
Answer: The governor general or his or her deputy
Question: Who reads the formal statement after the list of bills has been finished?
Answer: Clerk of the Senate
Question: Which position nods their head to signify assention?
Answer: governor general
Question: What ceremony takes place in the House?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On the day of the event, the President of the Senate reads to whom?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On the day of the event, the President of the Senate reads what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who follows Black Rod back to the Senate?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Another study examining the health and nutrition literacy status of residents of the lower Mississippi Delta found that 52 percent of participants had a high likelihood of limited literacy skills. While a precise comparison between the NAAL and Delta studies is difficult, primarily because of methodological differences, Zoellner et al. suggest that health literacy rates in the Mississippi Delta region are different from the U.S. general population and that they help establish the scope of the problem of health literacy among adults in the Delta region. For example, only 12 percent of study participants identified the My Pyramid graphic two years after it had been launched by the USDA. The study also found significant relationships between nutrition literacy and income level and nutrition literacy and educational attainment further delineating priorities for the region.
Question: What percentage of people were were found to have a high likelihood of low literacy skills in the Mississippi Delta region?
Answer: 52
Question: What primary difference was there between the NAAL and Delta study that made comparisons difficult?
Answer: methodological differences
Question: Who was the main author of the study that suggested that the Mississippi Delta study identified a problem of health literacy?
Answer: Zoellner
Question: For how many years had the My Pyramid graphic been released at the time of the Mississippi Delta study?
Answer: two
Question: Income level was found to have a signification correlation to which outcome in the study?
Answer: nutrition literacy |
Context: All paper produced by paper machines as the Fourdrinier Machine are wove paper, i.e. the wire mesh that transports the web leaves a pattern that has the same density along the paper grain and across the grain. Textured finishes, watermarks and wire patterns imitating hand-made laid paper can be created by the use of appropriate rollers in the later stages of the machine.
Question: What type of paper is produced on a machine like the Fourdrinier?
Answer: wove paper
Question: What is used to apply watermarks and other patterns?
Answer: rollers
Question: What is in common with the lentgh along and across the grain of paper produced by a machine such as the Fourdrinier?
Answer: density
Question: What leaves a pattern on the paper that has a consistent density width and lengthwise?
Answer: wire mesh
Question: What type of paper is never produced by the Fourdrinier Machine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are watermarks applied to the Fourdrinier Machine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are wire patterns applied to the Fourdrinier Machine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are Textured finishes applied to the Fourdrinier Machine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of paper is not produced on a machine like the Fourdrinier?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is used to not apply watermarks and other patterns?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is in uncommon with the length along and across the grain of paper produced by a machine such as the Fourdrinier?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What leaves a pattern on the paper that doesn't have a consistent density width and lengthwise?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In June 1970, Nasser accepted the US-sponsored Rogers Plan, which called for an end to hostilities and an Israeli withdrawal from Egyptian territory, but it was rejected by Israel, the PLO, and most Arab states except Jordan. Nasser had initially rejected the plan, but conceded under pressure from the Soviet Union, which feared that escalating regional conflict could drag it into a war with the US. He also determined that a ceasefire could serve as a tactical step toward the strategic goal of recapturing the Suez Canal. Nasser forestalled any movement toward direct negotiations with Israel. In dozens of speeches and statements, Nasser posited the equation that any direct peace talks with Israel were tantamount to surrender. Following Nasser's acceptance, Israel agreed to a ceasefire and Nasser used the lull in fighting to move SAM missiles towards the canal zone.
Question: What was the American plan to end conflict with Israel?
Answer: Rogers Plan
Question: Who pressured Nasser to accept the Rogers Plan?
Answer: Soviet Union
Question: What did Nasser want to use the agreement to do?
Answer: recapturing the Suez Canal
Question: How did Nasser equate peace with Israel?
Answer: surrender
Question: What did Nasser move to the canal zone?
Answer: SAM missiles |
Context: CBC announced on April 4, 2012, that it will shut down all of its approximately 620 analogue television transmitters on July 31, 2012 with no plans to install digital transmitters in their place, thus reducing the total number of the corporation's television transmitters across the country down to 27. According to the CBC, this would reduce the corporation's yearly costs by $10 million. No plans have been announced to use subchannels to maintain over-the-air signals for both CBC and Radio-Canada in markets where the corporation has one digital transmitter. In fact, in its CRTC application to shut down all of its analogue television transmitters, the CBC communicated its opposition to use of subchannels, citing costs, amongst other reasons.
Question: How many transmitters does currently CBC operate after 2012?
Answer: 27
Question: When did the CBC announce service would be discontinued to analogue transmitters?
Answer: July 31, 2012
Question: How much did CBC say they would save by ceasing analogue operation?
Answer: $10 million
Question: The CBC's yearly operating costs were recorded as this amount?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CRTC has limited the CBC to operating how many digital transmitters?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Unable to meet the conversion deadline, the CRTC took possession of how many of the CBC's analogue transmitters?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CRTC encouraged the use of there to maintain over-the-air signals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CBC decided to terminate all digital and analog broadcasts on this date?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Railway Himachal is famous for its narrow gauge tracks railways, one is UNESCO World Heritage Kalka-Shimla Railway and another one is Pathankot–Jogindernagar. Total length of these two tracks is 259 kilometres (161 mi). Kalka-Shimla Railway track passes through many tunnels, while Pathankot–Jogindernagar gently meanders through a maze of hills and valleys. It also has standard gauge railway track which connect Amb (Una district) to Delhi. A survey is being conducted to extend this railway line to Kangra (via Nadaun). Other proposed railways in the state are Baddi-Bilaspur, Dharamsala-Palampur and Bilaspur-Manali-Leh.
Question: What is Railway Himachal famous for?
Answer: its narrow gauge tracks railways
Question: What are the 2 narrow gauge railways in the Railway Himachal?
Answer: UNESCO World Heritage Kalka-Shimla Railway and another one is Pathankot–Jogindernagar
Question: What are the other railways being proposed in the state?
Answer: Baddi-Bilaspur, Dharamsala-Palampur and Bilaspur-Manali-Leh.
Question: What is being conducted to extend the railway?
Answer: survey
Question: What is the total length of the railways?
Answer: 259 kilometres (161 mi)
Question: What is Bilaspur-Manali-Leh railway famous for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the two tunnels in Railway Himachal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What other railways are being proposed by UNESCO?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the total length of the Una district railway?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is being done to extend the railway line to Delhi?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Returning home to Brantford after six months abroad, Bell continued his experiments with his "harmonic telegraph".[N 12] The basic concept behind his device was that messages could be sent through a single wire if each message was transmitted at a different pitch, but work on both the transmitter and receiver was needed.
Question: How many wires did Bell send a signal through?
Answer: 1
Question: For his system to work, Bell had to change what about each code?
Answer: pitch
Question: Bell needed to fix both the transmitter and what?
Answer: receiver
Question: Where was Bell's home?
Answer: Brantford |
Context: In the Late Empire and Middle Ages Vergilius was spelled Virgilius. Two explanations are commonly given for this alteration. One deduces a false etymology associated with the word virgo ("maiden" in Latin) due to Virgil's excessive, "maiden"-like modesty. Alternatively, some argue that Vergilius was altered to Virgilius by analogy with the Latin virga ("wand") due to the magical or prophetic powers attributed to Virgil in the Middle Ages (this explanation is found in only a handful of manuscripts, however, and was probably not widespread). In Norman schools (following the French practice), the habit was to anglicize Latin names by dropping their Latin endings, hence Virgil. In the 19th century, some German-trained classicists in the United States suggested modification to Vergil, as it is closer to his original name, and is also the traditional German spelling.[citation needed] Modern usage permits both, though the Oxford guide to style recommends Vergilius to avoid confusion with the 8th-century grammarian Virgilius Maro Grammaticus. Some post-Renaissance writers liked to affect the sobriquet "The Swan of Mantua".[citation needed]
Question: Besides Virgilius, which other spelling is permitted in modern usage?
Answer: Vergilius
Question: During which time period was Vergilius spelled Virgilius?
Answer: Late Empire and Middle Ages
Question: In what century did some German-trained classicists in the US suggest modifying the common usage to Vergil?
Answer: 19th
Question: Which style guide recommends using Vergilius to avoid confusion with Virgilius Maro Grammaticus?
Answer: Oxford
Question: Why was Virgil called "The Swan of Mantua"?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who attributed magical powers to Virgil in the middle ages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Oxford guide to style written?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language was the Oxford guide to style originally written in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country was the Oxford guide to style written in?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There are a variety of watersports in Cork, including rowing and sailing. There are five rowing clubs training on the river Lee, including Shandon BC, UCC RC, Pres RC, Lee RC, and Cork BC. Naomhóga Chorcaí is a rowing club whose members row traditional naomhóga on the Lee in occasional competitions. The "Ocean to City" race has been held annually since 2005, and attracts teams and boats from local and visiting clubs who row the 24 kilometres (15 mi) from Crosshaven into Cork city centre. The decision to move the National Rowing Center to Inniscarra has boosted numbers involved in the sport.[citation needed] Cork's maritime sailing heritage is maintained through its sailing clubs. The Royal Cork Yacht Club located in Crosshaven (outside the city) is the world's oldest yacht club, and "Cork Week" is a notable sailing event.
Question: What kinds of sea faring sports are available in Cork?
Answer: rowing and sailing
Question: How many rowing clubs are in Cork?
Answer: five
Question: Where is the world's oldest yahct club?
Answer: The Royal Cork Yacht Club located in Crosshaven
Question: What is one of the more popular sailing events in Cork?
Answer: Cork Week
Question: What annual rowing event has been happening in Cork since 2005?
Answer: Ocean to City
Question: What watersports are available in Ireland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What race was held until 2005
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has reduced numbers involved rowing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long has The Royal Cork Yacht Club trained on the Lee?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did moving Shandon BC to Crosshaven help improve?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city is Naomhoga Chorcai located in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What title does Naomhoga Chorcai hold as the oldest?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city has Cork Week been moved to since 2005?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Despite these detailed standard definitions, cameras typically do not clearly indicate whether the user "ISO" setting refers to the noise-based speed, saturation-based speed, or the specified output sensitivity, or even some made-up number for marketing purposes. Because the 1998 version of ISO 12232 did not permit measurement of camera output that had lossy compression, it was not possible to correctly apply any of those measurements to cameras that did not produce sRGB files in an uncompressed format such as TIFF. Following the publication of CIPA DC-004 in 2006, Japanese manufacturers of digital still cameras are required to specify whether a sensitivity rating is REI or SOS.[citation needed]
Question: What measures might the user "ISO" setting correspond to?
Answer: the noise-based speed, saturation-based speed, or the specified output sensitivity, or even some made-up number for marketing purposes
Question: What did the 1998 version of ISO 12232 not permit?
Answer: measurement of camera output that had lossy compression
Question: What types of sensitivity ratings can be specified by a camera?
Answer: REI or SOS
Question: What standards changed what Japanese camera makers have to specify?
Answer: CIPA DC-004
Question: In what year was CIPA DC-004 introduced?
Answer: 2006
Question: Cameras must indicate when the ISO setting refers to what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The 1998 ISO 12232 allowed for what type of compression?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What publication affected Japanese digital still cameras in 1998?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the TIFF file created?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The ISO 12232 requires manufacturures to specify what about a sensitivity rating?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After golf, oil painting was Eisenhower's second hobby. While at Columbia University, Eisenhower began the art after watching Thomas E. Stephens paint Mamie's portrait. Eisenhower painted about 260 oils during the last 20 years of his life to relax, mostly landscapes but also portraits of subjects such as Mamie, their grandchildren, General Montgomery, George Washington, and Abraham Lincoln. Wendy Beckett stated that Eisenhower's work, "simple and earnest, rather cause us to wonder at the hidden depths of this reticent president". A conservative in both art and politics, he in a 1962 speech denounced modern art as "a piece of canvas that looks like a broken-down Tin Lizzie, loaded with paint, has been driven over it."
Question: What was Eisenhower's favorite hobby other than golfing?
Answer: oil painting
Question: Who notably painted a picture of Mamie Eisenhower?
Answer: Thomas E. Stephens
Question: What was the main type of oil painting painted by Eisenhower?
Answer: landscapes
Question: What car did Eisenhower compare modern art to?
Answer: Tin Lizzie
Question: Who called Eisenhower's art "simple and earnest"?
Answer: Wendy Beckett |
Context: With respect to Pakistan's territories (i.e. FATA, Azad Kashmir, Northern Areas and Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)) the Supreme Court's jurisdiction is rather limited and varies from territory to territory; it can hear appeals only of a constitutional nature from FATA and Northern Areas, while ICT generally functions the same as provinces. Azad Kashmir has its own courts system and the constitution of Pakistan does not apply to it as such; appeals from Azad Kashmir relate to its relationship with Pakistan.
Question: What are some of the territories within Pakistan?
Answer: FATA, Azad Kashmir, Northern Areas and Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)
Question: What type of cases may Pakistan's Supreme Court hear from FATA?
Answer: appeals only of a constitutional nature
Question: What Pakistani territory's own courts retain supremacy?
Answer: Azad Kashmir
Question: What is the relationship between Pakistan's Constitution and Azad Kashmir?
Answer: does not apply to it
Question: What is the Islamabad Territory Capital also known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are FATA, Azad Northern, Kashmir Areas, and ICT?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which province has its own courts system?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom. Many government departments are based close to the Palace of Westminster, particularly along Whitehall, including the Prime Minister's residence at 10 Downing Street. The British Parliament is often referred to as the "Mother of Parliaments" (although this sobriquet was first applied to England itself by John Bright) because it has been the model for most other parliamentary systems. There are 73 Members of Parliament (MPs) from London, who correspond to local parliamentary constituencies in the national Parliament. As of May 2015, 45 are from the Labour Party, 27 are Conservatives, and one is a Liberal Democrat.
Question: What is the Prime Minister of the UK's official residence?
Answer: 10 Downing Street
Question: Who first dubbed the British Parliament the "Mother of Parliaments?"
Answer: John Bright
Question: How many Members of Parliament are from London?
Answer: 73
Question: As of May 2015, which party holds the majority of seats in Parliament?
Answer: the Labour Party
Question: As of May 2015, how many Liberal Democrats sit in Parliament?
Answer: one |
Context: On the other hand, in his study on nine of "the Bibles most widely in use in the English-speaking world", Bible scholar Jason BeDuhn, Professor of Religious Studies at the Northern Arizona University, wrote: “The NW [New World Translation] emerges as the most accurate of the translations compared.” Although the general public and many Bible scholars assume that the differences in the New World Translation are the result of religious bias on the part of its translators, BeDuhn stated: “Most of the differences are due to the greater accuracy of the NW as a literal, conservative translation of the original expressions of the New Testament writers.” He added however that the insertion of the name Jehovah in the New Testament "violate[s] accuracy in favor of denominationally preferred expressions for God".
Question: What is the New World Translation the most accurate translation of?
Answer: the Bibles most widely in use in the English-speaking world
Question: What do many Bible scholars assume the differences in the New World Translation are the result of?
Answer: religious bias
Question: BeDuhn clarifies that the differences are actually due to what?
Answer: greater accuracy
Question: The NW often errs on the side of what type of translation?
Answer: literal, conservative
Question: What insertion into the New Testament violates accuracy in favor of denominationally preferred expressions?
Answer: Jehovah
Question: Which Bible doesn't insert Jehovah too often as the word for God?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is regarded as the least accurate translation of the Bible in the world among the nine main ones?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What university did Bible scholar Jason BeDuhn get his degree from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was one of the New Testament Writers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Cyprus has one of the warmest climates in the Mediterranean part of the European Union.[citation needed] The average annual temperature on the coast is around 24 °C (75 °F) during the day and 14 °C (57 °F) at night. Generally, summers last about eight months, beginning in April with average temperatures of 21–23 °C (70–73 °F) during the day and 11–13 °C (52–55 °F) at night, and ending in November with average temperatures of 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) during the day and 12–14 °C (54–57 °F) at night, although in the remaining four months temperatures sometimes exceed 20 °C (68 °F).
Question: What type of climate does Cyprus have?
Answer: one of the warmest climates in the Mediterranean
Question: In Cyprus, what is the average temperature during the day?
Answer: 24 °C (75 °F)
Question: How long do summers generally last on Cyprus?
Answer: eight months
Question: What month typically marks the end of summer on Cyprus?
Answer: November |
Context: Accounts of the use of leeches for the medically dubious practise of blood-letting have come from China around 30 AD, India around 200 AD, ancient Rome around 50 AD and later throughout Europe. In the 19th century medical demand for leeches was so high that some areas' stocks were exhausted and other regions imposed restrictions or bans on exports, and Hirudo medicinalis is treated as an endangered species by both IUCN and CITES. More recently leeches have been used to assist in microsurgery, and their saliva has provided anti-inflammatory compounds and several important anticoagulants, one of which also prevents tumors from spreading.
Question: When did leeches begin being used for blood-letting?
Answer: 30 AD
Question: Where did leeches begin being used for blood-letting?
Answer: China
Question: When did Rome begin using leeches?
Answer: 50 AD
Question: When did India begin using leeches?
Answer: 200 AD
Question: Which organizations list Hirudo medicinalis as endangered?
Answer: IUCN and CITES
Question: Where did leeches begin being used for blood transfusions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Russia begin using leeches?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which organizations list Hirudo medicinalis as extinct?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did India stop using leeches?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From a military standpoint, lighting is a critical part of the battlefield conditions. Shadows are good places to hide, while bright areas are more exposed. It is often beneficial to fight with the Sun or other light source behind you, giving your enemy disturbing visual glare and partially hiding your own movements in backlight. If natural light is not present searchlights and flares can be used. However the use of light may disclose your own hidden position and modern warfare have seen increased use of night vision through the use of infrared cameras and image intensifiers.
Question: In a battlefield does not have natural light what could you use instead?
Answer: searchlights and flares
Question: The use of what may disclose your own hidden position on a battlefield?
Answer: light
Question: Modern warfare has seen the increased use of what?
Answer: infrared cameras |
Context: It is not only the proportion of latewood, but also its quality, that counts. In specimens that show a very large proportion of latewood it may be noticeably more porous and weigh considerably less than the latewood in pieces that contain but little. One can judge comparative density, and therefore to some extent strength, by visual inspection.
Question: Having a high proportion of latewood isn't all that matters; what else is important?
Answer: quality
Question: What can we judge in wood just by looking at it?
Answer: comparative density
Question: What property of wood could we project some indication of by looking at its density?
Answer: strength
Question: What could we call some specimens with a high proportion of latewood that explains why they weigh less than specimens with much less latewood?
Answer: porous |
Context: Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream. Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion. The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes. In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use.
Question: What is digestion?
Answer: the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma
Question: In some organisms, how are these molecules absorbed?
Answer: these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream
Question: What are the two ways that food is broken down?
Answer: mechanical and chemical digestion
Question: What is mechanical digestion?
Answer: the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes
Question: What is chemical digestion?
Answer: enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use |
Context: As of 2010, those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 57.9% of Florida's population. Out of the 57.9%, the largest groups were 12.0% German (2,212,391), 10.7% Irish (1,979,058), 8.8% English (1,629,832), 6.6% Italian (1,215,242), 2.8% Polish (511,229), and 2.7% French (504,641). White Americans of all European backgrounds are present in all areas of the state. In 1970, non-Hispanic whites were nearly 80% of Florida's population. Those of English and Irish ancestry are present in large numbers in all the urban/suburban areas across the state. Some native white Floridians, especially those who have descended from long-time Florida families, may refer to themselves as "Florida crackers"; others see the term as a derogatory one. Like whites in most of the other Southern states, they descend mainly from English and Scots-Irish settlers, as well as some other British American settlers.
Question: As of 2010 what percentage of Florida was white / non Hispanic
Answer: those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 57.9% of Florida's population
Question: What percentage of florida was white Non Hispanic in 1970
Answer: In 1970, non-Hispanic whites were nearly 80% of Florida's population
Question: What do many white long term floridian families identify with
Answer: long-time Florida families, may refer to themselves as "Florida crackers
Question: Most white Florida Immigrants descend from
Answer: mainly from English and Scots-Irish settlers, as well as some other British American settlers
Question: What do short term Florida families call themselves?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many non hispanic whites were in Florida in 1960?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do non-native Floridians call themselves?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: French settlers made up most of what region of the US?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people of Irish ancestry were in Florida in 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Kerry's commanding officer, Lieutenant Commander George Elliott, stated to Douglas Brinkley in 2003 that he did not know whether to court-martial Kerry for beaching the boat without orders or give him a medal for saving the crew. Elliott recommended Kerry for the Silver Star, and Zumwalt flew into An Thoi to personally award medals to Kerry and the rest of the sailors involved in the mission. The Navy's account of Kerry's actions is presented in the original medal citation signed by Zumwalt. The engagement was documented in an after-action report, a press release written on March 1, 1969, and a historical summary dated March 17, 1969.
Question: Who was Kerry's commander?
Answer: Lieutenant Commander George Elliott
Question: What complaint did Elliot have about Kerry's actions?
Answer: beaching the boat without orders
Question: Where did Kerry receive his Silver Star?
Answer: An Thoi
Question: When was a press release put out about Kerry earning the Silver Star?
Answer: March 1, 1969
Question: What was released on March 17, 1969?
Answer: a historical summary |
Context: The dollar was first based on the value and look of the Spanish dollar, used widely in Spanish America from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The first dollar coins issued by the United States Mint (founded 1792) were similar in size and composition to the Spanish dollar, minted in Mexico and Peru. The Spanish, U.S. silver dollars, and later, Mexican silver pesos circulated side by side in the United States, and the Spanish dollar and Mexican peso remained legal tender until the Coinage Act of 1857. The coinage of various English colonies also circulated. The lion dollar was popular in the Dutch New Netherland Colony (New York), but the lion dollar also circulated throughout the English colonies during the 17th century and early 18th century. Examples circulating in the colonies were usually worn so that the design was not fully distinguishable, thus they were sometimes referred to as "dog dollars".
Question: What was the look of the dollar based on?
Answer: Spanish dollar
Question: In which century did the Spanish dollar start being used in Spanish America?
Answer: 16th
Question: When was the United States Mint founded?
Answer: 1792
Question: Outside of Mexico, where else was the Spanish dollar minted?
Answer: Peru
Question: When were the Spanish dollar and Mexican peso no longer accepted as legal tender?
Answer: 1857
Question: What was the look of the colonies based on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In which century did the Spanish dollar start being used in New York?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Spanish Mint founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Outside of the Netherlands, where else was the Dutch dollar minted?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When were the Dutch dollar and Mexican peso no longer accepted as legal tender?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: A Turco-Mongol conqueror in Central Asia, Timur (Tamerlane), attacked the reigning Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud of the Tughlaq Dynasty in the north Indian city of Delhi. The Sultan's army was defeated on 17 December 1398. Timur entered Delhi and the city was sacked, destroyed, and left in ruins, after Timur's army had killed and plundered for three days and nights. He ordered the whole city to be sacked except for the sayyids, scholars, and the "other Muslims" (artists); 100,000 war prisoners were put to death in one day. The Sultanate suffered significantly from the sacking of Delhi revived briefly under the Lodi Dynasty, but it was a shadow of the former.
Question: What Turko-Mongol attacked and defeated the Sultan of Tughlaq dynasty?
Answer: Timur
Question: On what date did Timur beat the Delhi Sultan?
Answer: 17 December 1398
Question: In what shape did Timur leave the city of Delhi?
Answer: in ruins
Question: How many prisoners of war were executed in the sack of Delhi?
Answer: 100,000
Question: What were exempted from death by Timur when ordering Delhi sacked?
Answer: sayyids |
Context: Bermuda's culture is a mixture of the various sources of its population: Native American, Spanish-Caribbean, English, Irish, and Scots cultures were evident in the 17th century, and became part of the dominant British culture. English is the primary and official language. Due to 160 years of immigration from Portuguese Atlantic islands (primarily the Azores, though also from Madeira and the Cape Verde Islands), a portion of the population also speaks Portuguese. There are strong British influences, together with Afro-Caribbean ones.
Question: What is considered the primary language of Bermuda?
Answer: English
Question: What is a lesser spoken, secondary language in Bermuda?
Answer: Portuguese
Question: What are the greatest influences to Bermudian culture?
Answer: British influences, together with Afro-Caribbean
Question: Which cultures claim to be a dominant source of Bermuda's cultural heritage?
Answer: Native American, Spanish-Caribbean, English, Irish, and Scots
Question: Whose culture has a mix of its Spanish-American and Irish populations?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cultures were evident in the 16th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What lasted for 170 years?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do some speak because of 170 years of immigration?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The "Jeltoqsan" (Kazakh for "December") of 1986 were riots in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, sparked by Gorbachev's dismissal of Dinmukhamed Konayev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan and an ethnic Kazakh, who was replaced with Gennady Kolbin, an outsider from the Russian SFSR. Demonstrations started in the morning of December 17, 1986, with 200 to 300 students in front of the Central Committee building on Brezhnev Square protesting Konayev's dismissal and replacement by a Russian. Protesters swelled to 1,000 to 5,000 as other students joined the crowd. The CPK Central Committee ordered troops from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, druzhiniki (volunteers), cadets, policemen, and the KGB to cordon the square and videotape the participants. The situation escalated around 5 p.m., as troops were ordered to disperse the protesters. Clashes between the security forces and the demonstrators continued throughout the night in Almaty.
Question: What is the English translation of the word Jeltoqsan?
Answer: December
Question: Who was fired by Gorbachev causing riots?
Answer: Dinmukhamed Konayev
Question: What position did Konayev hold in Kazakhstan prior to his removal?
Answer: First Secretary of the Communist Party
Question: Who took the place of Konayev?
Answer: Gennady Kolbin
Question: When were the first demonstrations in Kazakhstan to protest the removal and replacement of Konayev?
Answer: December 17, 1986 |
Context: Fresh off spending the previous year touring the world with U2 on their Vertigo Tour, West felt inspired to compose anthemic rap songs that could operate more efficiently in large arenas. To this end, West incorporated the synthesizer into his hip-hop production, utilized slower tempos, and experimented with electronic music and influenced by music of the 1980s. In addition to U2, West drew musical inspiration from arena rock bands such as The Rolling Stones and Led Zeppelin in terms of melody and chord progression. To make his next effort, the third in a planned tetralogy of education-themed studio albums, more introspective and personal in lyricism, West listened to folk and country singer-songwriters Bob Dylan and Johnny Cash in hopes of developing methods to augment his wordplay and storytelling ability.
Question: What band did Kanye tour with for a year?
Answer: U2
Question: What setting did Kanye want his next tracks to perform well in?
Answer: large arenas
Question: Who did Kanye study in order to develop his lyrical skills?
Answer: Bob Dylan and Johnny Cash
Question: Which band did Kanye West travel with for the Vertigo Tour?
Answer: U2
Question: What decade of music inspired Kanye West after his tour with U2?
Answer: 1980s
Question: Other than U2 and Led Zeppelin, what other band inspired Kanye West?
Answer: The Rolling Stones
Question: What other country singer besides Johnny Cash did Kanye listen to?
Answer: Bob Dylan |
Context: At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
Question: When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the first step of collateral review?
Answer: state collateral review
Question: About what percentage of capital convictions are overturned due to state collateral review?
Answer: 6
Question: In 2010, how many death sentences were overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?
Answer: 53
Question: What is an example of an issue that is raised in collateral review?
Answer: ineffective assistance of counsel
Question: When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the last step of collateral review?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: About what percentage of capital convictions are never overturned due to state collateral review?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 2010, how many death sentences were never overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is an example of an issue that isn't raised in collateral review?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: According to the 2002 Census, 4.6% of the Chilean population, including the Rapanui (a Polynesian people) of Easter Island, was indigenous, although most show varying degrees of mixed heritage. Many are descendants of the Mapuche, and live in Santiago, Araucanía and the lake district. The Mapuche successfully fought off defeat in the first 300–350 years of Spanish rule during the Arauco War. Relations with the new Chilean Republic were good until the Chilean state decided to occupy their lands. During the Occupation of Araucanía the Mapuche surrendered to the country's army in the 1880s. Their land was opened to settlement by Chileans and Europeans. Conflict over Mapuche land rights continues to the present.
Question: What percent of the Chilean population were indigenous according to the 2002 census?
Answer: 4.6%
Question: What is the name for the Polynesian people living on Easter Island?
Answer: the Rapanui
Question: Who are many of the people of Chile the descendants of?
Answer: the Mapuche
Question: How long were the Mapuche able to fight off the Spaniards?
Answer: 350 years
Question: When did the Mapuche surrender to the Chilean army?
Answer: 1880s |
Context: By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support by providing large amount of materiel to Chinese troops. In August 1937, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek deployed his best army to fight about 300,000 Japanese troops in Shanghai, but, after three months of fighting, Shanghai fell. The Japanese continued to push the Chinese forces back, capturing the capital Nanking in December 1937 and committed which was known as Nanking Massacre. In March 1938, Nationalist forces won their first victory at Taierzhuang. but then the city of Xuzhou was taken by Japanese in May. In June 1938, Japan deployed about 350,000 troops to invade Wuhan and captured it in October. The Japanese achieved major military victories, but world opinion—in particular in the United States—condemned Japan, especially after the Panay Incident.
Question: What incident occured on July 7, 1937?
Answer: Marco Polo Bridge Incident
Question: Who supplied assistance to the Chinese military?
Answer: Soviet Union
Question: When did the Nanking Massacre occur?
Answer: December 1937
Question: Where was the first Nationalist victory?
Answer: Taierzhuang
Question: How did people around the world react to Japan's Panay Incident?
Answer: condemned
Question: When was the Marco Polo Bridge Incident?
Answer: 7 July 1937
Question: What incident started the war between China and Japan?
Answer: Marco Polo Bridge Incident
Question: What nation provided material support to China?
Answer: Soviet Union
Question: What was the capital of China?
Answer: Nanking
Question: When was Nanking captured?
Answer: December 1937 |
Context: Legislatures have reduced infringement by narrowing the scope of what is considered infringing. Aside from upholding international copyright treaty obligations to provide general limitations and exceptions, nations have enacted compulsory licensing laws applying specifically to digital works and uses. For example, in the U.S., the DMCA, an implementation of the 1996 WIPO Copyright Treaty, considers digital transmissions of audio recordings to be licensed as long as a designated copyright collective's royalty and reporting requirements are met. The DMCA also provides safe harbor for digital service providers whose users are suspected of copyright infringement, thus reducing the likelihood that the providers themselves will be considered directly infringing.
Question: How have governments lowered infringement rates?
Answer: narrowing the scope of what is considered infringing
Question: Besides upholding international treaty, what else have countries done specifically to digital works and uses?
Answer: enacted compulsory licensing laws
Question: What law in the US considers digital transmission of audio to be licensed if certain conditions are met?
Answer: DMCA
Question: What else does this law provide to service providers?
Answer: safe harbor
Question: Who does this law target?
Answer: providers whose users are suspected of copyright infringement
Question: How have governments increased infringement rates?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Besides upholding international treaty, what else haven't countries done specifically to digital works and uses?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What law in the UN considers digital transmission of audio to be licensed if certain conditions are met?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What else doesn't this law provide to service providers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who doesn't this law target?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Sun switched support to the Labour party on 18 March 1997, six weeks before the General Election victory which saw the New Labour leader Tony Blair become Prime Minister with a large parliamentary majority, despite the paper having attacked Blair and New Labour up to a month earlier. Its front page headline read THE SUN BACKS BLAIR and its front page editorial made clear that while it still opposed some New Labour policies, such as the Minimum Wage and Devolution, it believed Blair to be "the breath of fresh air this great country needs". John Major's Conservatives, it said, were "tired, divided and rudderless". Blair, who had radically altered his party's image and policies, noting the influence the paper could have over its readers' political thinking, had courted it (and Murdoch) for some time by granting exclusive interviews and writing columns.
Question: Who did The Sun declare political endorsement of in 1997?
Answer: Labour party
Question: Who became Prime Minister in 1997?
Answer: Tony Blair
Question: Which New Labour policies did The Sun oppose?
Answer: Minimum Wage and Devolution
Question: How did The Sun describe John Major's Conservatives?
Answer: "tired, divided and rudderless"
Question: Who greatly changed the image of the Labour party?
Answer: Blair |
Context: The abundant variety of natural life depicted in the Butrint mosaics celebrates the richness of God’s creation; some elements also have specific connotations. The kantharos vase and vine refer to the eucharist, the symbol of the sacrifice of Christ leading to salvation. Peacocks are symbols of paradise and resurrection; shown eating or drinking from the vase they indicate the route to eternal life. Deer or stags were commonly used as images of the faithful aspiring to Christ: "As a heart desireth the water brook, so my souls longs for thee, O God." Water-birds and fish and other sea-creatures can indicate baptism as well as the members of the Church who are christened.
Question: What was depicted on the Butrint mosaics in abundance?
Answer: natural life
Question: What do the katharos vase and vine refer to?
Answer: the eucharist
Question: What do peacocks represent in Christian symbolism?
Answer: paradise and resurrection
Question: What do most sea-creatures represent in Christina symbolism?
Answer: baptism
Question: What did deers or stags represent in Christian Symbolism?
Answer: the faithful aspiring to Christ |
Context: In late 1203, John attempted to relieve Château Gaillard, which although besieged by Philip was guarding the eastern flank of Normandy. John attempted a synchronised operation involving land-based and water-borne forces, considered by most historians today to have been imaginative in conception, but overly complex for forces of the period to have carried out successfully. John's relief operation was blocked by Philip's forces, and John turned back to Brittany in an attempt to draw Philip away from eastern Normandy. John successfully devastated much of Brittany, but did not deflect Philip's main thrust into the east of Normandy. Opinions vary amongst historians as to the military skill shown by John during this campaign, with most recent historians arguing that his performance was passable, although not impressive.[nb 8] John's situation began to deteriorate rapidly. The eastern border region of Normandy had been extensively cultivated by Philip and his predecessors for several years, whilst Angevin authority in the south had been undermined by Richard's giving away of various key castles some years before. His use of routier mercenaries in the central regions had rapidly eaten away his remaining support in this area too, which set the stage for a sudden collapse of Angevin power.[nb 9] John retreated back across the Channel in December, sending orders for the establishment of a fresh defensive line to the west of Chateau Gaillard. In March 1204, Gaillard fell. John's mother Eleanor died the following month. This was not just a personal blow for John, but threatened to unravel the widespread Angevin alliances across the far south of France. Philip moved south around the new defensive line and struck upwards at the heart of the Duchy, now facing little resistance. By August, Philip had taken Normandy and advanced south to occupy Anjou and Poitou as well. John's only remaining possession on the Continent was now the Duchy of Aquitaine.
Question: What did John attempt to relieve in late 1203?
Answer: Château Gaillard
Question: Who blocked John's relief operation?
Answer: Philip's forces
Question: When did Gaillard fall?
Answer: March 1204
Question: What was John's only remaining possession on the Continent?
Answer: Duchy of Aquitaine |
Context: Wildfires plague the forested areas of Guam every dry season despite the island's humid climate. Most fires are man-caused with 80% resulting from arson. Poachers often start fires to attract deer to the new growth. Invasive grass species that rely on fire as part of their natural life cycle grow in many regularly burned areas. Grasslands and "barrens" have replaced previously forested areas leading to greater soil erosion. During the rainy season sediment is carried by the heavy rains into the Fena Lake Reservoir and Ugum River, leading to water quality problems for southern Guam. Eroded silt also destroys the marine life in reefs around the island. Soil stabilization efforts by volunteers and forestry workers (planting trees) have had little success in preserving natural habitats.
Question: What plagues the Guam dry season?
Answer: Wildfires
Question: What are the cause of the majority of the fires in the area?
Answer: man
Question: What causes water quality problems in Guam?
Answer: sediment is carried by the heavy rains into the Fena Lake Reservoir and Ugum River
Question: What are 20% of fires resulting from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has had success in Guam when it comes to soil stabilization?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What carries sediment into the Fena Lake Reservoir during the dry season?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What animal isn't native to Guam?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Punjab is Pakistan's second largest province in terms of land area at 205,344 km2 (79,284 sq mi), after Balochistan, and is located at the north western edge of the geologic Indian plate in South Asia. The province is bordered by Kashmir (Azad Kashmir, Pakistan and Jammu and Kashmir, India) to the northeast, the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east, the Pakistani province of Sindh to the south, the province of Balochistan to the southwest, the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and the Islamabad Capital Territory to the north.
Question: How large is Punjab compared to the other three provinces?
Answer: second largest
Question: What is Pakistan's largest province?
Answer: Balochistan
Question: How many square miles is Punjab?
Answer: 79,284
Question: What Indian states are on the east side of Punjab, Pakistan?
Answer: Punjab and Rajasthan
Question: What Pakistani province is south of Punjab?
Answer: Sindh
Question: What is Balochistan's land area?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What borders Balochistan to the northeast?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is east of Balochistan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is west of Islamabad?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where does Islamabad rank in terms of province size in Pakistan?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Ann Arbor is a major scene of college sports, most notably at the University of Michigan, a member of the Big Ten Conference. Several well-known college sports facilities exist in the city, including Michigan Stadium, the largest American football stadium in the world. The stadium was completed in 1927 and cost more than $950,000 to build. It has a 109,901 seating capacity after multiple renovations were made. The stadium is colloquially known as "The Big House". Crisler Center and Yost Ice Arena play host to the school's basketball (both men's and women's) and ice hockey teams, respectively. Concordia University, a member of the NAIA, also fields sports teams.
Question: Who is the member of the Big Ten Conference in college sports in the city?
Answer: University of Michigan
Question: Which is the largest American football stadium in the world?
Answer: Michigan Stadium
Question: What is the Michigan Stadium called colloquially?
Answer: The Big House
Question: What stadium was completed in 1972?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Ice hockey is played at what Center?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What stadium cost more than $590,000 to build?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What conference is Concordia University a member of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the nickname of Crisler Center?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Under modern constitutional conventions, the sovereign acts on the advice of his or her ministers. Since these ministers most often maintain the support of parliament and are the ones who obtain the passage of bills, it is highly improbable that they would advise the sovereign to withhold assent. An exception is sometimes stated to be if bills are not passed in good faith, though it is difficult to make an interpretation on what this circumstance might constitute. Hence, in modern practice, royal assent is always granted; a refusal to do so would be appropriate only in an emergency requiring the use of the monarch's reserve powers.
Question: Modern-day sovereigns often acts on the advice of whom?
Answer: ministers
Question: In the event that the monarch refuses to give royal assent, what can the monarch make use of?
Answer: reserve powers
Question: Whose advice does a sovereign follow?
Answer: his or her ministers
Question: Who often maintains parliamentary support and obtains the passage of bills?
Answer: ministers
Question: Is it probable, improbable, or impossible that a sovereign would withhold assent?
Answer: improbable
Question: Ancient sovereigns acted on the advice of whom?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who stops the passage of bills?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Royal assent is never granted in what practice?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whose active powers are required when a royal assent is refused?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol. It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or eight consecutive (and total) years when either its performance or result show was ranked number one overall.
Question: How many consecutive years was American Idol the top rated show?
Answer: seven
Question: How many consecutive years did either the performance or results show rank number one?
Answer: eight |
Context: A significant modification of Cubism between 1914 and 1916 was signaled by a shift towards a strong emphasis on large overlapping geometric planes and flat surface activity. This grouping of styles of painting and sculpture, especially significant between 1917 and 1920, was practiced by several artists; particularly those under contract with the art dealer and collector Léonce Rosenberg. The tightening of the compositions, the clarity and sense of order reflected in these works, led to its being referred to by the critic Maurice Raynal (fr) as 'crystal' Cubism. Considerations manifested by Cubists prior to the outset of World War I—such as the fourth dimension, dynamism of modern life, the occult, and Henri Bergson's concept of duration—had now been vacated, replaced by a purely formal frame of reference.
Question: What did the critic Maurice Raynal begin to refer to Cubism in around 1917-1920?
Answer: 'crystal' Cubism
Question: Who's concept of duration was left behind for a for more concrete frame's of references?
Answer: Henri Bergson's
Question: What was the first time period that a significant change began to happen in Cubism?
Answer: 1914 and 1916
Question: What was the second time period that a significant change began to happen in Cubism?
Answer: between 1917 and 1920
Question: What did the critic Maurice Raynal stop referring to Cubism in around 1917-1920?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whose concept of duration was not left behind for a for more concrete frame's of references?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the first time period that no change began to happen in Cubism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the last time period that a significant change did not happen in Cubism?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Other major campus installations include towers in Montreal, Paris, and Atlanta; software labs in Raleigh-Durham, Rome, Cracow and Toronto; Johannesburg, Seattle; and facilities in Hakozaki and Yamato. The company also operates the IBM Scientific Center, Hursley House, the Canada Head Office Building, IBM Rochester, and the Somers Office Complex. The company's contributions to architecture and design, which include works by Eero Saarinen, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and I.M. Pei, have been recognized. Van der Rohe's 330 North Wabash building in Chicago, the original center of the company's research division post-World War II, was recognized with the 1990 Honor Award from the National Building Museum.
Question: What building did Van der Rohe create for IBM?
Answer: 330 North Wabash building in Chicago
Question: The 330 North Wabash building served as what post World War 2?
Answer: center of the company's research division
Question: The 330 North Wabash Building was recognized with what award?
Answer: 1990 Honor Award
Question: IBM has towers in which cities?
Answer: Montreal, Paris, and Atlanta
Question: IBM has worked with architects and designers such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, I.M. Pei, and Van der Rohe, name one more.
Answer: Eero Saarinen
Question: What building did Eero Saarinen create for IBM?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the Somers Office Complex used for after WWII?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What award was given to recognize the Somers Office Complex?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group gave the award to the Somers Office Complex?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what three cities does Eero Saarinen also have his works on display?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Socioeconomic factors, in combination with early but enduring views of race, have led to considerable suffering within disadvantaged racial groups. Racial discrimination often coincides with racist mindsets, whereby the individuals and ideologies of one group come to perceive the members of an outgroup as both racially defined and morally inferior. As a result, racial groups possessing relatively little power often find themselves excluded or oppressed, while hegemonic individuals and institutions are charged with holding racist attitudes. Racism has led to many instances of tragedy, including slavery and genocide.
Question: Socioeconomic factors and enduring views on race has led to what for certain racial groups?
Answer: considerable suffering
Question: What is discrimination often paired with?
Answer: racist mindsets
Question: What do members of one group typically perceive the moral standing of outgroups as?
Answer: inferior
Question: What do groups with less power often find themselves?
Answer: excluded or oppressed
Question: What has led to many tragic instances of events like slavery and genocide?
Answer: Racism |
Context: Spanish Supreme Court is the highest court for all cases in Spain (both private and public). Only those cases related to human rights can be appealed at the Constitutional Court (which also decides about acts accordance with Spanish Constitution).
In Spain, high courts cannot create binding precedents; however, lower rank courts usually observe Supreme Court interpretations. In most private law cases, two Supreme Court judgements supporting a claim are needed to appeal at the Supreme Court.
Five sections form the Spanish Supreme court:
Question: The Spanish Supreme Court hears all cases related to law in what areas?
Answer: private and public
Question: What types of cases can be appealed to Spain's Constitutional Court?
Answer: those cases related to human rights
Question: What is the other power of this latter court?
Answer: decides about acts accordance with Spanish Constitution
Question: High courts in Spain do not establish what for lower court rulings?
Answer: binding precedents
Question: In practicality, how do lower courts typically view the rulings of higher courts?
Answer: lower rank courts usually observe Supreme Court interpretations
Question: What are five Supreme Court judgement supporting a claim needed for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do lower rank courts always observe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What action does the Supreme Court only allow for cases related to human rights?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Nabatean Kingdom was an Arab state located between the Sinai Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula. Its capital was the city of Petra, an important trading city on the incense route. The Nabateans resisted the attacks of Antigonous and were allies of the Hasmoneans in their struggle against the Seleucids, but later fought against Herod the great. The hellenization of the Nabateans accured relatively late in comparison to the surrounding regions. Nabatean material culture does not show any Greek influence until the reign of Aretas III Philhellene in the 1st century BCE. Aretas captured Damascus and built the Petra pool complex and gardens in the Hellenistic style. Though the Nabateans originally worshipped their traditional gods in symbolic form such as stone blocks or pillars, during the Hellenistic period they began to identify their gods with Greek gods and depict them in figurative forms influenced by Greek sculpture. Nabatean art shows Greek influences and paintings have been found depicting Dionysian scenes. They also slowly adopted Greek as a language of commerce along with Aramaic and Arabic.
Question: What Arab State lied between the Sinai Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula?
Answer: Nabatean Kingdom
Question: What was the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom?
Answer: Petra
Question: Who allied with the Nabatean Kingdom to fight against the Seleucids?
Answer: Hasmoneans
Question: Under whose reign did Nabatean culture begin to show Greek influence?
Answer: Aretas III Philhellene
Question: What century did Aretas III Philhellene reign?
Answer: 1st |
Context: Southampton is home to Southampton Football Club—nicknamed "The Saints"—who play in the Premier League at St Mary's Stadium, having relocated in 2001 from their 103-year-old former stadium, "The Dell". They reached the top flight of English football (First Division) for the first time in 1966, staying there for eight years. They lifted the FA Cup with a shock victory over Manchester United in 1976, returned to the top flight two years later, and stayed there for 27 years (becoming founder members of the Premier League in 1992) before they were relegated in 2005. The club was promoted back to the Premier League in 2012 following a brief spell in the third-tier and severe financial difficulties. In 2015, "The Saints" finished 7th in the Premier League, their highest league finish in 30 years, after a remarkable season under new manager Ronald Koeman. Their highest league position came in 1984 when they were runners-up in the old First Division. They were also runners-up in the 1979 Football League Cup final and 2003 FA Cup final. Notable former managers include Ted Bates, Lawrie McMenemy, Chris Nicholl, Ian Branfoot and Gordon Strachan. There is a strong rivalry between Portsmouth F.C. ("South Coast derby") which is located only about 30 km (19 mi) away.
Question: What's the nickname of the Southampton Football Club?
Answer: The Saints
Question: What stadium has been home to The Saints since 2001?
Answer: St Mary's Stadium
Question: What year did Southampton Football Club first reach the top level of English football?
Answer: 1966
Question: Who did The Saints beat in 1976 to win the FA Cup?
Answer: Manchester United
Question: What league did Southampton Football Club become founding members of in 1992?
Answer: the Premier League |
Context: During his period in Milan, Montini was known as a progressive member of the Catholic hierarchy. Montini went new ways in pastoral care, which he reformed. He used his authority to ensure that the liturgical reforms of Pius XII were carried out at the local level and employed innovative methods to reach the people of Milan: Huge posters announced that 1,000 voices would speak to them from 10 to 24 November 1957. More than 500 priests and many bishops, cardinals and lay persons delivered 7,000 sermons in the period not only in churches but in factories, meeting halls, houses, courtyards, schools, offices, military barracks, hospitals, hotels and other places, where people meet. His goal was the re-introduction of faith to a city without much religion. "If only we can say Our Father and know what this means, then we would understand the Christian faith."
Question: What type of political viewpoint was Montini known for as a member of the Catholic leadership?
Answer: progressive
Question: What part of Catholic ministry did Montini seek to reform?
Answer: pastoral care
Question: What type of media did Montini use to advertise the church's sermons to the people of Milan?
Answer: posters
Question: How many "voices" did Montini's posters claim the people of Milan would hear?
Answer: 1,000
Question: From the 10 of NOvember to the 24 of November how many sermons were actually delivered to the Italian people?
Answer: 7,000 |
Context: International pressure led to a ceasefire, and by then 37% of the island had been taken over by the Turks and 180,000 Greek Cypriots had been evicted from their homes in the north. At the same time, around 50,000 Turkish Cypriots moved to the areas under the control of the Turkish Forces and settled in the properties of the displaced Greek Cypriots. Among a variety of sanctions against Turkey, in mid-1975 the US Congress imposed an arms embargo on Turkey for using American-supplied equipment during the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974. There are 1,534 Greek Cypriots and 502 Turkish Cypriots missing as a result of the fighting.
Question: How much of the island was controlled by Turks after international pressure led to a ceasefire?
Answer: 37%
Question: How many Greek Cypriots had been displaced from their homes?
Answer: 180,000
Question: How many Turkish Cypriots moved into areas that were under Turkish control?
Answer: 50,000
Question: In what year did the US impose an arms embargo on Turkey?
Answer: 1975
Question: Why did the US impose an arms embargo on Turkey?
Answer: using American-supplied equipment during the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 |
Context: There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time however, no other permanent member of the UN Security Council followed suit. In fact, in January 2005, an International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur, authorized by UN Security Council Resolution 1564 of 2004, issued a report to the Secretary-General stating that "the Government of the Sudan has not pursued a policy of genocide." Nevertheless, the Commission cautioned that "The conclusion that no genocidal policy has been pursued and implemented in Darfur by the Government authorities, directly or through the militias under their control, should not be taken in any way as detracting from the gravity of the crimes perpetrated in that region. International offences such as the crimes against humanity and war crimes that have been committed in Darfur may be no less serious and heinous than genocide."
Question: What has been widely debated as a possible act of genocide in Sudan?
Answer: situation in Darfur
Question: In 2003 what well known U.S. Secretary of State declared the situation in Darfur as an act of genocide?
Answer: Colin Powell
Question: In front of which committee did Powell testify?
Answer: the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
Question: What did UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize in 2004?
Answer: an International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur
Question: Despite some concessions, what act did the Commission ultimately state that Sudan had not pursued?
Answer: genocidal policy
Question: What has been widely debated as a possible act of genocide in the UN?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 2003 what well known U.S. Secretary of State declared the situation in the UN as an act of genocide?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In front of which committee did Darfur testify?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize in 2005?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Despite some concessions, what act did the Commission ultimately state that the UN had not pursued?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Agricultural production on the island is difficult given the dry and rocky terrain, but the early settlers managed to produce vegetables, cotton, pineapples, salt, bananas and also fishing. Sweet potato is also grown in patches. The islanders developed commerce through the port of Gustavia. Duty-free port attractions, retail trade, high-end tourism (mostly from North America) and its luxury hotels and villas have increased the island's prosperity, reflected in the high standard of living of its citizens.
Question: What is often difficult on the island?
Answer: Agricultural production
Question: What type of activity did early settlers use to get food that didn't involve farming?
Answer: fishing
Question: What is the name of the main commercial port in St. Barts?
Answer: Gustavia
Question: What is grown in patches on the island?
Answer: Sweet potato
Question: What seasoning is found naturally on the island?
Answer: salt
Question: How is cotton grown?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are pineapples grown?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the first vegetable grown on the island by early settlers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What's the most popular fruit at luxury hospitals and villas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are bananas grown?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During a period of tough competition between mortgage lenders for revenue and market share, and when the supply of creditworthy borrowers was limited, mortgage lenders relaxed underwriting standards and originated riskier mortgages to less creditworthy borrowers. In the view of some analysts, the relatively conservative government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) policed mortgage originators and maintained relatively high underwriting standards prior to 2003. However, as market power shifted from securitizers to originators and as intense competition from private securitizers undermined GSE power, mortgage standards declined and risky loans proliferated. The worst loans were originated in 2004–2007, the years of the most intense competition between securitizers and the lowest market share for the GSEs.
Question: What caused mortgage lenders to relax underwriting standards and approve riskier mortgages?
Answer: tough competition
Question: In what year were high underwriting standards relaxed?
Answer: 2003
Question: What years were the worst mortgage loans originated?
Answer: 2004–2007
Question: What years had the most intense competition between securitizers and the lowest market share for GSEs?
Answer: 2004–2007
Question: Who policed mortgage originators and maintained relatively high standards prior to 2003?
Answer: government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) |
Context: Unlike vermilion or red ochre, made from minerals, red lake pigments are made by mixing organic dyes, made from insects or plants, with white chalk or alum. Red lac was made from the gum lac, the dark red resinous substance secreted by various scale insects, particularly the Laccifer lacca from India. Carmine lake was made from the cochineal insect from Central and South America, Kermes lake came from a different scale insect, kermes vermilio, which thrived on oak trees around the Mediterranean. Other red lakes were made from the rose madder plant and from the brazilwood tree.
Question: What was red ochre composed of?
Answer: minerals
Question: How were pigments like red lake created?
Answer: mixing organic dyes
Question: What was red lake composed of?
Answer: insects or plants, with white chalk or alum
Question: What was the source of color in Red lac?
Answer: the dark red resinous substance secreted by various scale insects
Question: The Laccifer lacca was crucial to making what pigment?
Answer: Red lac
Question: What color lake pigments were made from minerals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was made from red gum?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What continent is Laccifer lacca found on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country was carmine found?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Subsets and Splits