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Context: Computer science, built upon a foundation of theoretical linguistics, discrete mathematics, and electrical engineering, studies the nature and limits of computation. Subfields include computability, computational complexity, database design, computer networking, artificial intelligence, and the design of computer hardware. One area in which advances in computing have contributed to more general scientific development is by facilitating large-scale archiving of scientific data. Contemporary computer science typically distinguishes itself by emphasising mathematical 'theory' in contrast to the practical emphasis of software engineering.
Question: What science is based on linguistics, mathematics, and engineering?
Answer: Computer science
Question: How has computer science helped science as a whole?
Answer: by facilitating large-scale archiving of scientific data
Question: What is the differing characteristic of contemporary computer science?
Answer: emphasising mathematical 'theory' |
Context: The new structure is administered by a Metropolitan Council of 210 members, not directly elected, but chosen by the councils of the member Communes. By 2020 its basic competencies will include urban planning, housing, and protection of the environment. The first president of the metropolitan council, Patrick Ollier, a Republican and the mayor of the town of Rueil-Malmaison, was elected on January 22, 2016. Though the Metropole has a population of nearly seven million persons and accounts for 25 percent of the GDP of France, it has a very small budget; just 65 million Euros, compared with eight billion Euros for the City of Paris.
Question: How many members are in the Metropolitan Council?
Answer: 210
Question: Who was the first president of the metropolitan council?
Answer: Patrick Ollier
Question: What town was Patrick Ollier a mayor of?
Answer: Rueil-Malmaison
Question: What party does Patrick Ollier associate with?
Answer: Republican
Question: What is the budget for Metropole?
Answer: 65 million Euros |
Context: By the Late Middle Ages, Great Britain was separated into the Kingdoms of England and Scotland. Power in Ireland fluxed between Gaelic kingdoms, Hiberno-Norman lords and the English-dominated Lordship of Ireland. A similar situation existed in the Principality of Wales, which was slowly being annexed into the Kingdom of England by a series of laws. During the course of the 15th century, the Crown of England would assert a claim to the Crown of France, thereby also releasing the King of England as from being vassal of the King of France. In 1534, King Henry VIII, at first having been a strong defender of Roman Catholicism in the face of the Reformation, separated from the Roman Church after failing to secure a divorce from the Pope. His response was to place the King of England as "the only Supreme Head in Earth of the Church of England", thereby removing the authority of the Pope from the affairs of the English Church. Ireland, which had been held by the King of England as Lord of Ireland, but which strictly speaking had been a feudal possession of the Pope since the Norman invasion was declared a separate kingdom in personal union with England.
Question: During the end of the Middle Ages which two kingdoms was Great Britain divided into?
Answer: Kingdoms of England and Scotland
Question: Which king failed to receive a divorce from the Pope in 1534?
Answer: King Henry VIII
Question: What was the name of the church that King Henry VIII founded?
Answer: Church of England
Question: Since the Norman invasion who had feudal possession of Ireland?
Answer: the Pope
Question: During the early Golden Age, what was Great Britain separated into?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During the late Middle Ages, Ireland was separated into England and what other country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During the late Middle Ages, Ireland was separated into Scotland and what other country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During the late Middle Ages, the Roman Church was separated into England and what other country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During the late Middle Ages, the Crown of France was separated into England and what other country?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Universal Film Manufacturing Company was incorporated in New York on April 30, 1912. Laemmle, who emerged as president in July 1912, was the primary figure in the partnership with Dintenfass, Baumann, Kessel, Powers, Swanson, Horsley, and Brulatour. Eventually all would be bought out by Laemmle. The new Universal studio was a vertically integrated company, with movie production, distribution and exhibition venues all linked in the same corporate entity, the central element of the Studio system era.
Question: On what date was the incorporation of the Universal Film Manufacturing Company?
Answer: April 30, 1912
Question: In what state was the Universal Film Manufacturing Company incorporated?
Answer: New York
Question: Who was the president of the Universal Film Manufacturing Company circa July 1912?
Answer: Laemmle
Question: What was the fate of the other partners of the Universal Film Manufacturing Company?
Answer: bought out by Laemmle
Question: Along with exhibition and distribution, what business did the Universal Film Manufacturing Company engage in?
Answer: movie production
Question: What was incorporated in New York on April 30, 1921?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who emerged as president in April 1912?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was the Universal Manufacturing Film Company incorporated?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Bioscience is the overall major in which undergraduate students who are interested in general well-being take in college. Immunology is a branch of bioscience for undergraduate programs but the major gets specified as students move on for graduate program in immunology. The aim of immunology is to study the health of humans and animals through effective yet consistent research, (AAAAI, 2013). The most important thing about being immunologists is the research because it is the biggest portion of their jobs.
Question: What discipline can undergraduate students interested in general health study?
Answer: Bioscience
Question: Immunology is a branch of what larger field of study?
Answer: bioscience
Question: The goal of an immunologist is to study what beings?
Answer: humans and animals
Question: The biggest part of an immunologist's job is what?
Answer: research
Question: What two conditions apply to good immunological study?
Answer: effective yet consistent research |
Context: The end of adolescence and the beginning of adulthood varies by country and by function. Furthermore, even within a single nation state or culture there can be different ages at which an individual is considered (chronologically and legally) mature enough for society to entrust them with certain privileges and responsibilities. Such milestones include driving a vehicle, having legal sexual relations, serving in the armed forces or on a jury, purchasing and drinking alcohol, voting, entering into contracts, finishing certain levels of education, and marriage. Adolescence is usually accompanied by an increased independence allowed by the parents or legal guardians, including less supervision as compared to preadolescence.
Question: Is adolescence usually accompanied by increased parental supervision or increased independence?
Answer: independence
Question: Is the end of adolescence and beginning of adulthood easily agreed upon or does it vary by country?
Answer: varies by country
Question: Do milestones such as driving a vechile, serving on a jury, voting, and marriage all have a common age of responsibility?
Answer: different ages |
Context: Initially, Burke did not condemn the French Revolution. In a letter of 9 August 1789, Burke wrote: "England gazing with astonishment at a French struggle for Liberty and not knowing whether to blame or to applaud! The thing indeed, though I thought I saw something like it in progress for several years, has still something in it paradoxical and Mysterious. The spirit it is impossible not to admire; but the old Parisian ferocity has broken out in a shocking manner". The events of 5–6 October 1789, when a crowd of Parisian women marched on Versailles to compel King Louis XVI to return to Paris, turned Burke against it. In a letter to his son, Richard Burke, dated 10 October he said: "This day I heard from Laurence who has sent me papers confirming the portentous state of France—where the Elements which compose Human Society seem all to be dissolved, and a world of Monsters to be produced in the place of it—where Mirabeau presides as the Grand Anarch; and the late Grand Monarch makes a figure as ridiculous as pitiable". On 4 November Charles-Jean-François Depont wrote to Burke, requesting that he endorse the Revolution. Burke replied that any critical language of it by him should be taken "as no more than the expression of doubt" but he added: "You may have subverted Monarchy, but not recover'd freedom". In the same month he described France as "a country undone". Burke's first public condemnation of the Revolution occurred on the debate in Parliament on the army estimates on 9 February 1790, provoked by praise of the Revolution by Pitt and Fox:
Question: Who did Parisian women want to return to Paris?
Answer: King Louis XVI
Question: What was Burke's son's name?
Answer: Richard Burke
Question: Who requested that Burke support the French Revolution?
Answer: Charles-Jean-François Depont
Question: When did Burke first publicly condemn the French Revolution?
Answer: 9 February 1790
Question: What did Burke condemn in August 1789?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Burke march in Versailles?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Burke write to Laurence?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did Burke want to support the revolution?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Pitt and Fox officially denounce the revolution?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the 1960s, the first Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge was completed, and served as the only bridge crossing over the Lower Yangtze in eastern China at that time. The bridge was a source of pride and an important symbol of modern China, having been built and designed by the Chinese themselves following failed surveys by other nations and the reliance on and then rejection of Soviet expertise. Begun in 1960 and opened to traffic in 1968, the bridge is a two-tiered road and rail design spanning 4,600 metres on the upper deck, with approximately 1,580 metres spanning the river itself. Since then four more bridges and two tunnels have been built. Going in the downstream direction, the Yangtze crossings in Nanjing are: Dashengguan Bridge, Line 10 Metro Tunnel, Third Bridge, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, First Bridge, Second Bridge and Fourth Bridge.
Question: When was the very first Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge finished?
Answer: the 1960s
Question: What was the symbolism of the bridge?
Answer: symbol of modern China
Question: When did the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge first open for traffic?
Answer: 1968
Question: What type of design is the bridge?
Answer: a two-tiered road and rail design
Question: How many more bridges have been built since the first one was completed?
Answer: four |
Context: The football team plays at Ryan Field (formerly known as Dyche Stadium); the basketball, wrestling, and volleyball teams play at Welsh-Ryan Arena. Northwestern's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats. Before 1924, they were known as "The Purple" and unofficially as "The Fighting Methodists." The name Wildcats was bestowed upon the university in 1924 by Wallace Abbey, a writer for the Chicago Daily Tribune who wrote that even in a loss to the University of Chicago, "Football players had not come down from Evanston; wildcats would be a name better suited to [Coach Glenn] Thistletwaite's boys." The name was so popular that university board members made "wildcats" the official nickname just months later. In 1972, the student body voted to change the official nickname from "Wildcats" to "Purple Haze" but the new name never stuck.
Question: Where do Northwestern's basketball, wrestling, and volleyball teams play?
Answer: Welsh-Ryan Arena
Question: What is the nickname given to Northwestern's athletic teams?
Answer: Wildcats
Question: What was the official nickname of Northwestern's athletic teams prior to 1924?
Answer: The Purple
Question: What was the unofficial nickname of the Northwestern athletic teams prior to 1924?
Answer: The Fighting Methodists
Question: What name did the student body unsuccessfully try to rename the Wildcats in 1972?
Answer: Purple Haze
Question: Where do Southwestern's basketball, wrestling, and volleyball teams play?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the nickname given to Southwestern's athletic teams?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the official nickname of Northwestern's athletic teams prior to 1922
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the unofficial nickname of the Northwestern athletic teams prior to 1921?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What name did the student body unsuccessfully try to rename the Wildcats in 1970?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Longstanding political tensions from the 27 year rule of William Tubman resulted in a military coup in 1980 that overthrew the leadership soon after his death, marking the beginning of political instability. Five years of military rule by the People's Redemption Council and five years of civilian rule by the National Democratic Party of Liberia were followed by the First and Second Liberian Civil Wars. These resulted in the deaths and displacement of more than half a million people and devastated Liberia's economy. A peace agreement in 2003 led to democratic elections in 2005. Recovery proceeds but about 85% of the population live below the international poverty line.
Question: How long did william tubman rule?
Answer: 27 year
Question: In what year did a military coupe overthrow leadership leading to william tubmans death?
Answer: 1980
Question: How long was the rule of the peoples redemption council?
Answer: five years
Question: How long was the rule of the national democratic party?
Answer: five years
Question: What did the liberian civil war result in?
Answer: the deaths and displacement of more than half a million people and devastated Liberia's economy.
Question: How old did William Tubman live to be?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people live in the capitol of Liberia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When were the first democratic elections held in Liberia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What started the First Liberian Civil War?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of Liberians live in poverty?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the process of meiotic cell division, an event called genetic recombination or crossing-over can sometimes occur, in which a length of DNA on one chromatid is swapped with a length of DNA on the corresponding sister chromatid. This has no effect if the alleles on the chromatids are the same, but results in reassortment of otherwise linked alleles if they are different.:5.5 The Mendelian principle of independent assortment asserts that each of a parent's two genes for each trait will sort independently into gametes; which allele an organism inherits for one trait is unrelated to which allele it inherits for another trait. This is in fact only true for genes that do not reside on the same chromosome, or are located very far from one another on the same chromosome. The closer two genes lie on the same chromosome, the more closely they will be associated in gametes and the more often they will appear together; genes that are very close are essentially never separated because it is extremely unlikely that a crossover point will occur between them. This is known as genetic linkage.
Question: When can an event called genetic recombination or crossing-over sometimes occur?
Answer: During the process of meiotic cell division
Question: If the alleles on the chromatids are the same, what effect arises from genetic recombination?
Answer: no effect
Question: If the alleles on the chromatids are different, what effect arises from genetic recombination?
Answer: reassortment of otherwise linked alleles
Question: Each of a parent's two genes for each trait will sort independently into gametes according to what Mendelian principle?
Answer: independent assortment
Question: In genetic linkage, what sort of point is extremely unlikely to occur?
Answer: a crossover point |
Context: Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha, Boom Festival in Idanha-a-Nova Municipality, Optimus Alive!, Sumol Summer Fest in Ericeira, Rock in Rio Lisboa and Super Bock Super Rock in Greater Lisbon. Out of the summer season, Portugal has a large number of festivals, designed more to an urban audience, like Flowfest or Hip Hop Porto. Furthermore, one of the largest international Goa trance festivals takes place in central Portugal every two years, the Boom Festival, that is also the only festival in Portugal to win international awards: European Festival Award 2010 – Green'n'Clean Festival of the Year and the Greener Festival Award Outstanding 2008 and 2010. There is also the student festivals of Queima das Fitas are major events in a number of cities across Portugal. In 2005, Portugal held the MTV Europe Music Awards, in Pavilhão Atlântico, Lisbon.
Question: What are a couple examples of Summer music festivals held in Portugal?
Answer: Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha,
Question: What are a couple examples of non-Summer music festivals in Portugal?
Answer: Flowfest or Hip Hop Porto
Question: What is the Boom Festival?
Answer: one of the largest international Goa trance festivals takes place in central Portugal every two years
Question: What international awards have been won by the Boom Festival?
Answer: European Festival Award 2010 – Green'n'Clean Festival of the Year and the Greener Festival Award Outstanding 2008 and 2010
Question: In which year did Portugal hold the MTV Europe Music Awards?
Answer: 2005 |
Context: Hume and other Scottish Enlightenment thinkers developed a 'science of man', which was expressed historically in works by authors including James Burnett, Adam Ferguson, John Millar, and William Robertson, all of whom merged a scientific study of how humans behaved in ancient and primitive cultures with a strong awareness of the determining forces of modernity. Modern sociology largely originated from this movement, and Hume's philosophical concepts that directly influenced James Madison (and thus the U.S. Constitution) and as popularised by Dugald Stewart, would be the basis of classical liberalism.
Question: The basis of classical liberalism comes from whose philosophical concepts?
Answer: Hume
Question: Whose philosophical concepts directly influenceed James Madison and thus the U.S. Constitution?
Answer: Hume
Question: Who popularised Hume's philosophical concepts?
Answer: Dugald Stewart |
Context: In 2009 Tajikistan had 26 airports, 18 of which had paved runways, of which two had runways longer than 3,000 meters. The country's main airport is Dushanbe International Airport which as of April 2015, had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in Russia, Central Asia, as well as Delhi, Dubai, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Kabul, Tehran, and Ürümqi amongst others. There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport. Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country.
Question: How many airports does Tajikistan have?
Answer: 26 airports
Question: What is the country's main airport?
Answer: Dushanbe International Airport
Question: Where are the international flights maining going to?
Answer: Russia
Question: What is the name of the airport in the eastern half of the country?
Answer: Khorog Airport
Question: In 2019, Tajikistan had how many airports?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which country has international flights going mainly to Romania?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 2019, how many airports in Tajikistan had paved runways?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which is the only airport in the densely populated eastern half of the country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which country's secondary airport is Dushanbe International Airport?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Fifty-year-old Baena, of Guatemalan origin, was employed by the family for 20 years and retired in January 2011. The pregnant Baena was working in the home while Shriver was pregnant with the youngest of the couple’s four children. Baena's son with Schwarzenegger, Joseph, was born on October 2, 1997; Shriver gave birth to Christopher on September 27, 1997. Schwarzenegger says it took seven or eight years before he found out that he had fathered a child with his housekeeper. It wasn't until the boy "started looking like me, that's when I kind of got it. I put things together," the action star and former California governor, told 60 Minutes. Schwarzenegger has taken financial responsibility for the child "from the start and continued to provide support." KNX 1070 radio reported that in 2010 he bought a new four-bedroom house, with a pool, for Baena and their son in Bakersfield, about 112 miles (180 km) north of Los Angeles. Baena separated from her husband, Rogelio, in 1997, a few months after Joseph's birth, and filed for divorce in 2008. Baena's ex-husband says that the child's birth certificate was falsified and that he plans to sue Schwarzenegger for engaging in conspiracy to falsify a public document, a serious crime in California.
Question: Baena worked for the Schwarzenegger/Shriver family for how many years?
Answer: 20
Question: What's the first name of Schwarzenegger's son with Baena?
Answer: Joseph
Question: Schwarzenegger bought Baena and their son a four-bedroom house in what year?
Answer: 2010 |
Context: Brood parasitism, in which an egg-layer leaves her eggs with another individual's brood, is more common among birds than any other type of organism. After a parasitic bird lays her eggs in another bird's nest, they are often accepted and raised by the host at the expense of the host's own brood. Brood parasites may be either obligate brood parasites, which must lay their eggs in the nests of other species because they are incapable of raising their own young, or non-obligate brood parasites, which sometimes lay eggs in the nests of conspecifics to increase their reproductive output even though they could have raised their own young. One hundred bird species, including honeyguides, icterids, and ducks, are obligate parasites, though the most famous are the cuckoos. Some brood parasites are adapted to hatch before their host's young, which allows them to destroy the host's eggs by pushing them out of the nest or to kill the host's chicks; this ensures that all food brought to the nest will be fed to the parasitic chicks.
Question: What is it called when an egg-layer leaves her eggs with another individual's brood?
Answer: Brood parasitism
Question: How many bird species are obligate parasites?
Answer: One hundred
Question: What type of birds lay eggs in the nests of conspecifics to increase their reproductive output?
Answer: non-obligate brood parasites |
Context: The islands are at relatively low altitudes, with central Ireland and southern Great Britain particularly low lying: the lowest point in the islands is Holme, Cambridgeshire at −2.75 m (−9.02 ft). The Scottish Highlands in the northern part of Great Britain are mountainous, with Ben Nevis being the highest point on the islands at 1,343 m (4,406 ft). Other mountainous areas include Wales and parts of Ireland, however only seven peaks in these areas reach above 1,000 m (3,281 ft). Lakes on the islands are generally not large, although Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland is an exception, covering 150 square miles (390 km2).[citation needed] The largest freshwater body in Great Britain (by area) is Loch Lomond at 27.5 square miles (71 km2), and Loch Ness, by volume whilst Loch Morar is the deepest freshwater body in the British Isles, with a maximum depth of 310 m (1,017 ft). There are a number of major rivers within the British Isles. The longest is the Shannon in Ireland at 224 mi (360 km).[citation needed] The river Severn at 220 mi (354 km)[citation needed] is the longest in Great Britain. The isles have a temperate marine climate. The North Atlantic Drift ("Gulf Stream") which flows from the Gulf of Mexico brings with it significant moisture and raises temperatures 11 °C (20 °F) above the global average for the islands' latitudes. Winters are cool and wet, with summers mild and also wet. Most Atlantic depressions pass to the north of the islands, combined with the general westerly circulation and interactions with the landmass, this imposes an east-west variation in climate.
Question: What is the lowest elevation in the British Isles?
Answer: Holme, Cambridgeshire at −2.75 m
Question: Where is the highest point in the British Isles?
Answer: Ben Nevis
Question: Where are other mountain areas in the British Isles?
Answer: Wales and parts of Ireland
Question: What is the longest river in Ireland?
Answer: the Shannon
Question: What is the weather like in the summer time in the British Isles?
Answer: mild and also wet
Question: The highest point of the islands is Holme, at how many feet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: At, 1700 feet, Holme, Cambridgeshire is the lowest point in what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: At 9,000 feet tall, what is the highest point on the islands?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Covering 250 square miles, Lough Neagh is located in which country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: At 33.5 square miles, what is the largest freshwater body in Great Britain?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: First, the Yongying system signaled the end of Manchu dominance in Qing military establishment. Although the Banners and Green Standard armies lingered on as a drain on resources, henceforth the Yongying corps became the Qing government's de facto first-line troops. Second, the Yongying corps were financed through provincial coffers and were led by regional commanders, weakening central government's grip on the whole country. Finally, the nature of Yongying command structure fostered nepotism and cronyism amongst its commanders, who laid the seeds of regional warlordism in the first half of the 20th century.
Question: What entity became the main Qing troops?
Answer: Yongying corps
Question: Who paid for the Yongying?
Answer: provincial coffers
Question: Who led the Yongying?
Answer: regional commanders |
Context: The Cambridge Rules, first drawn up at Cambridge University in 1848, were particularly influential in the development of subsequent codes, including association football. The Cambridge Rules were written at Trinity College, Cambridge, at a meeting attended by representatives from Eton, Harrow, Rugby, Winchester and Shrewsbury schools. They were not universally adopted. During the 1850s, many clubs unconnected to schools or universities were formed throughout the English-speaking world, to play various forms of football. Some came up with their own distinct codes of rules, most notably the Sheffield Football Club, formed by former public school pupils in 1857, which led to formation of a Sheffield FA in 1867. In 1862, John Charles Thring of Uppingham School also devised an influential set of rules.
Question: Which rules were influential to the codes of association football?
Answer: Cambridge Rules
Question: Which college where the Cambridge Rules written at?
Answer: Trinity College
Question: In what year did John Charles Thring come up with rules that were influential?
Answer: 1862
Question: What year did the Sheffield FA form?
Answer: 1867
Question: What year were the Cambridge Rules first drawn up?
Answer: 1848
Question: Which rules were not influential to the codes of association football?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which college were the Cambridge Rules unknown?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did John Charles Thring come up with rules that were not influential?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did the Sheffield FA disband?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year were the Cambridge Rules ignored?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In December, Beyoncé along with a variety of other celebrities teamed up and produced a video campaign for "Demand A Plan", a bipartisan effort by a group of 950 US mayors and others designed to influence the federal government into rethinking its gun control laws, following the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. Beyoncé became an ambassador for the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign donating her song "I Was Here" and its music video, shot in the UN, to the campaign. In 2013, it was announced that Beyoncé would work with Salma Hayek and Frida Giannini on a Gucci "Chime for Change" campaign that aims to spread female empowerment. The campaign, which aired on February 28, was set to her new music. A concert for the cause took place on June 1, 2013 in London and included other acts like Ellie Goulding, Florence and the Machine, and Rita Ora. In advance of the concert, she appeared in a campaign video released on 15 May 2013, where she, along with Cameron Diaz, John Legend and Kylie Minogue, described inspiration from their mothers, while a number of other artists celebrated personal inspiration from other women, leading to a call for submission of photos of women of viewers' inspiration from which a selection was shown at the concert. Beyoncé said about her mother Tina Knowles that her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being." With help of the crowdfunding platform Catapult, visitors of the concert could choose between several projects promoting education of women and girls. Beyoncé is also taking part in "Miss a Meal", a food-donation campaign, and supporting Goodwill charity through online charity auctions at Charitybuzz that support job creation throughout Europe and the U.S.
Question: Which national event caused Beyonce to produce "Demand a Plan?"
Answer: Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting
Question: What song did Beyonce contribute to the campaign?
Answer: I Was Here
Question: Beyonce is contributing to which food-donation campaign?
Answer: Miss a Meal
Question: On June 1 , 2013 where was the concert held for "a Chime for Change"?
Answer: London
Question: Beyonce was speaking about whom when she said her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being."?
Answer: her mother
Question: The Demand a Plan video campaign followed what tragic event?
Answer: Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting.
Question: What was the focus of the Gucci Chime for Change campaign?
Answer: spread female empowerment
Question: What crowdfunding platform was used in the concert?
Answer: Catapult
Question: What is the name of the campaign that Beyoncé and others are involved in that deals with gun control?
Answer: Demand A Plan
Question: What school shooting prompted the creation of Demand A Plan?
Answer: Sandy Hook Elementary School
Question: What song did Beyoncé donate to the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign?
Answer: I Was Here
Question: Who did Beyoncé work with in 2013 on the Chime for Change campaign?
Answer: Salma Hayek and Frida Giannini |
Context: Palermo is surrounded by mountains, formed of calcar, which form a cirque around the city. Some districts of the city are divided by the mountains themselves. Historically, it was relatively difficult to reach the inner part of Sicily from the city because of the mounts. The tallest peak of the range is La Pizzuta, about 1,333 m (4,373 ft.) high. However, historically, the most important mount is Monte Pellegrino, which is geographically separated from the rest of the range by a plain. The mount lies right in front of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Monte Pellegrino's cliff was described in the 19th century by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, as "The most beautiful promontory in the world", in his essay "Italian Journey".
Question: What geographic form is Palermo surrounded by?
Answer: mountains
Question: Which author desribed Monte Pelegrino as "The most beautiful promontory in the world?"
Answer: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe,
Question: Which is the tallest mountain in Sicily?
Answer: La Pizzuta
Question: Where is Monte Pellegrino in relation to other peaks?
Answer: geographically separated from the rest of the range by a plain
Question: What city is surrounded by valleys?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why is it difficult to reach Palermo from Sicily?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which peak is 1333 feet hight?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which mountain is seperated from the rest of the range by a valley?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who described Monte Pellegrino in the 1900's
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In recent years light emitting diodes (LEDs) are becoming increasingly efficient leading to an extraordinary increase in the use of solid state lighting. In many situations, controlling the light emission of LEDs may be done most effectively by using the principles of nonimaging optics.
Question: What is a form of solid state lighting?
Answer: LEDs
Question: What is the best way to control light emissions of LEDs?
Answer: nonimaging optics |
Context: Chickens are medium-sized, chunky birds with an upright stance and characterised by fleshy red combs and wattles on their heads. Males, known as cocks, are usually larger, more boldly coloured, and have more exaggerated plumage than females (hens). Chickens are gregarious, omnivorous, ground-dwelling birds that in their natural surroundings search among the leaf litter for seeds, invertebrates, and other small animals. They seldom fly except as a result of perceived danger, preferring to run into the undergrowth if approached. Today's domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is mainly descended from the wild red junglefowl of Asia, with some additional input from grey junglefowl. Domestication is believed to have taken place between 7,000 and 10,000 years ago, and what are thought to be fossilized chicken bones have been found in northeastern China dated to around 5,400 BC. Archaeologists believe domestication was originally for the purpose of cockfighting, the male bird being a doughty fighter. By 4,000 years ago, chickens seem to have reached the Indus Valley and 250 years later, they arrived in Egypt. They were still used for fighting and were regarded as symbols of fertility. The Romans used them in divination, and the Egyptians made a breakthrough when they learned the difficult technique of artificial incubation. Since then, the keeping of chickens has spread around the world for the production of food with the domestic fowl being a valuable source of both eggs and meat.
Question: What are male chickens called ?
Answer: cocks
Question: How are male chickens able to be identified ?
Answer: cocks, are usually larger, more boldly coloured, and have more exaggerated plumage than females (hens).
Question: What do chickens normally consume when in the natural wild environment?
Answer: in their natural surroundings search among the leaf litter for seeds, invertebrates, and other small animals.
Question: Do chickens fly like other birds?
Answer: They seldom fly except as a result of perceived danger, preferring to run into the undergrowth if approached.
Question: From what birds are chickens decended from ?
Answer: Today's domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is mainly descended from the wild red junglefowl of Asia
Question: What are characterized by red wattles on their heads?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do hens have more exaggerated plumage than?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is thought to have taken place 1,000 to 17,000 years ago?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has been found in China dating back to 4500 BC?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did chickens reach by 4250 years ago?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are male chickens never allowed to be called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do chickens always consume when in artificial environments?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why are chickens unable to fly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What birds are chickens superior to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the domestication of chickens fail?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: At the glass transition temperature the resin in the composite softens and significantly increases thermal expansion; exceeding Tg then exerts mechanical overload on the board components - e.g. the joints and the vias. Below Tg the thermal expansion of the resin roughly matches copper and glass, above it gets significantly higher. As the reinforcement and copper confine the board along the plane, virtually all volume expansion projects to the thickness and stresses the plated-through holes. Repeated soldering or other exposition to higher temperatures can cause failure of the plating, especially with thicker boards; thick boards therefore require high Tg matrix.
Question: What's the temperature at which resin softens and expands called?
Answer: glass transition temperature
Question: Along with vias, what makes up the components of a board?
Answer: joints
Question: What will happen to the components when the temperature of resin goes above that of glass transition?
Answer: mechanical overload
Question: When resin stays below Tg, its thermal expansion is similar to that of copper and what other material?
Answer: glass
Question: What do thick boards require to resist plating failure?
Answer: high Tg matrix
Question: The resin in the composite hardens when?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Virtually no volume expansion projects to where?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Thin boards require high what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Exposition to lower temperatures can cause failure of what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Often categorised with the New Wave of British Heavy Metal, in 1981 Def Leppard released their second album High 'n' Dry, mixing glam-rock with heavy metal, and helping to define the sound of hard rock for the decade. The follow-up Pyromania (1983), reached number two on the American charts and the singles "Photograph", "Rock of Ages" and "Foolin'", helped by the emergence of MTV, all reached the Top 40. It was widely emulated, particularly by the emerging Californian glam metal scene. This was followed by US acts like Mötley Crüe, with their albums Too Fast for Love (1981) and Shout at the Devil (1983) and, as the style grew, the arrival of bands such as Ratt, White Lion, Twisted Sister and Quiet Riot. Quiet Riot's album Metal Health (1983) was the first glam metal album, and arguably the first heavy metal album of any kind, to reach number one in the Billboard music charts and helped open the doors for mainstream success by subsequent bands.
Question: What sub-genre of hard rock does Def Leppard belong to?
Answer: the New Wave of British Heavy Metal
Question: What was Def Leppard's second album called?
Answer: High 'n' Dry
Question: What were the three Top 40 singles from Def Leppard's Pyromania album?
Answer: "Photograph", "Rock of Ages" and "Foolin'"
Question: What band had the first glam metal album to hit number one on the Billboard charts?
Answer: Quiet Riot
Question: When did Motley Crue's album Shout At The Devil come out?
Answer: 1983
Question: Who is often categorized with the New Wave of American Heavy Metal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the first album released by Def Leppard?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Def Leppard album reached number two on the British music charts?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the band Ratt release their Too Fast for Love album?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of the 1983 Twisted Sister album that reached number one on the Billboard music charts?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: For the remaining years of Richard's reign, John supported his brother on the continent, apparently loyally. Richard's policy on the continent was to attempt to regain through steady, limited campaigns the castles he had lost to Philip II whilst on crusade. He allied himself with the leaders of Flanders, Boulogne and the Holy Roman Empire to apply pressure on Philip from Germany. In 1195 John successfully conducted a sudden attack and siege of Évreux castle, and subsequently managed the defences of Normandy against Philip. The following year, John seized the town of Gamaches and led a raiding party within 50 miles (80 km) of Paris, capturing the Bishop of Beauvais. In return for this service, Richard withdrew his malevolentia (ill-will) towards John, restored him to the county of Gloucestershire and made him again the Count of Mortain.
Question: When did John successfully conduct a sudden attack and siege of Evreux castle?
Answer: 1195
Question: Richard withdrew what towards John?
Answer: malevolentia
Question: Who was the Count of Mortain?
Answer: John |
Context: In many parts of the world football evokes great passions and plays an important role in the life of individual fans, local communities, and even nations. R. Kapuscinski says that Europeans who are polite, modest, or humble fall easily into rage when playing or watching football games. The Côte d'Ivoire national football team helped secure a truce to the nation's civil war in 2006 and it helped further reduce tensions between government and rebel forces in 2007 by playing a match in the rebel capital of Bouaké, an occasion that brought both armies together peacefully for the first time. By contrast, football is widely considered to have been the final proximate cause for the Football War in June 1969 between El Salvador and Honduras. The sport also exacerbated tensions at the beginning of the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s, when a match between Dinamo Zagreb and Red Star Belgrade degenerated into rioting in May 1990.
Question: In 2006, which team helps secure a truce during a civil war?
Answer: Côte d'Ivoire
Question: What city did a peaceful match between two armies take place in 2007?
Answer: Bouaké
Question: When did the Football War happen?
Answer: June 1969
Question: Football made which wars more tense in the 1990's?
Answer: Yugoslav Wars
Question: Which team helped remove a truce during a civil war in 2006?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city did a peaceful match between two armies take place in 2005?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which wars were more tense in the 1980's due to football?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What match degenerated into rioting in July 1990?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The tram system that now criss-crosses the historic city centre complements walking and biking in it. The centre has been transformed into a pedestrian priority zone that enables and invites walking and biking by making these active modes of transport comfortable, safe and enjoyable. These attributes are accomplished by applying the principle of "filtered permeability" to the existing irregular network of streets. It means that the network adaptations favour active transportation and, selectively, "filter out" the car by reducing the number of streets that run through the centre. While certain streets are discontinuous for cars, they connect to a network of pedestrian and bike paths which permeate the entire centre. In addition, these paths go through public squares and open spaces increasing the enjoyment of the trip. This logic of filtering a mode of transport is fully expressed in a comprehensive model for laying out neighbourhoods and districts – the Fused Grid.
Question: What system also complements walking and biking?
Answer: tram
Question: What kind of priority zone has the city centre been transformed into?
Answer: pedestrian
Question: What do bike paths go through to add enjoyment to the trip?
Answer: public squares
Question: What is the layout of the neighbourhoods called?
Answer: Fused Grid
Question: How do people most often get to Strasbourg from elsewhere?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who takes priority between pedestrians and bicyclists?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is filtered out in the outer sections of Strausberg?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What adds enjoyment to doing a trip in the outer sections of Strausberg?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What system is used as a comprehensive layout beyond central Strasbourg?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Several of the city's large general museums are located near the Boulevard. On Boulevard proper are the Virginia Historical Society and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, lending their name to what is sometimes called the Museum District. Nearby on Broad Street is the Science Museum of Virginia, housed in the neoclassical former 1919 Broad Street Union Station. Immediately adjacent is the Children's Museum of Richmond, and two blocks away, the Virginia Center for Architecture. Within the downtown are the Library of Virginia and the Valentine Richmond History Center. Elsewhere are the Virginia Holocaust Museum and the Old Dominion Railway Museum.
Question: What architectural style was the 1919 Broad Street Union Station constructed in?
Answer: neoclassical
Question: How far away from the Virginia Center for Architecture is the Children's Museum of Richmond?
Answer: two blocks
Question: What district of Richmond is the Virginia Historical Society located in?
Answer: Museum District
Question: What museum is next to the Science Museum of Virginia?
Answer: Children's Museum of Richmond |
Context: In a five-to-four decision, the Supreme Court struck down the impositions of the death penalty in each of the consolidated cases as unconstitutional. The five justices in the majority did not produce a common opinion or rationale for their decision, however, and agreed only on a short statement announcing the result. The narrowest opinions, those of Byron White and Potter Stewart, expressed generalized concerns about the inconsistent application of the death penalty across a variety of cases but did not exclude the possibility of a constitutional death penalty law. Stewart and William O. Douglas worried explicitly about racial discrimination in enforcement of the death penalty. Thurgood Marshall and William J. Brennan, Jr. expressed the opinion that the death penalty was proscribed absolutely by the Eighth Amendment as "cruel and unusual" punishment.
Question: Along with Marshall, who believed that the Eighth Amendment forbade the death penalty?
Answer: William J. Brennan, Jr.
Question: Along with Stewart, what Supreme Court justice was concerned about racial disparity in death penalty enforcement?
Answer: William O. Douglas
Question: Aside from Stewart, what justice believed that the death penalty could be constitutional?
Answer: Byron White
Question: Along with Marshall, who believed that the Ninth Amendment forbade the death penalty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with Stewart, what Supreme Court justice was unconcerned about racial disparity in death penalty enforcement?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Aside from Stewart, what justice believed that the death penalty could be unconstitutional?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: American concerns that they had fallen behind the Soviet Union in the race to space led quickly to a push by legislators and educators for greater emphasis on mathematics and the physical sciences in American schools. The United States' National Defense Education Act of 1958 increased funding for these goals from childhood education through the post-graduate level.
Question: The United States' National Defense Education Act was established in what year?
Answer: 1958 |
Context: Seminary Row is named for the Union Theological Seminary and the Jewish Theological Seminary which it touches. Seminary Row also runs by the Manhattan School of Music, Riverside Church, Sakura Park, Grant's Tomb, and Morningside Park.
Question: Besides the Union Theological Seminary, which other Seminary touches Seminary Row?
Answer: Jewish Theological
Question: Other than the Jewish Theological Seminary, which other Seminary touches Seminary Row?
Answer: Union Theological
Question: Which road runs by two Seminaries, the Manhattan School of Music, Riverside Church, and Grant's Tomb?
Answer: Seminary Row |
Context: Sport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940. The 1980 Summer Olympics Sailing regatta was held in the capital city Tallinn. After regaining independence in 1991, Estonia has participated in all Olympics. Estonia has won most of its medals in athletics, weightlifting, wrestling and cross-country skiing. Estonia has had very good success at the Olympic games given the country's small population. Estonia's best results were being ranked 13th in the medal table at the 1936 Summer Olympics, and 12th at the 2006 Winter Olympics.
Question: What physical activity plays a major part in Estonian society?
Answer: Sport
Question: What year did Estonia declare independence from Russia?
Answer: 1918
Question: What event did Estonia compete in as a nation for the first time ever?
Answer: the 1920 Summer Olympics
Question: What year was Estonia annexed by Russia?
Answer: 1940
Question: What city hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics Sailing regatta?
Answer: Tallinn |
Context: Between two thirds and three quarters of the population live in urban areas. Switzerland has gone from a largely rural country to an urban one in just 70 years. Since 1935 urban development has claimed as much of the Swiss landscape as it did during the previous 2,000 years. This urban sprawl does not only affect the plateau but also the Jura and the Alpine foothills and there are growing concerns about land use. However, from the beginning of the 21st century, the population growth in urban areas is higher than in the countryside.
Question: How much of the Swiss population live in urban areas?
Answer: Between two thirds and three quarters
Question: From the beginning of the 21st century, how does the population growth in urban areas compare to the countryside?
Answer: higher
Question: How many years did it take Switzerland to go from a largely urban country to a rural one?
Answer: 70 |
Context: As this process continued, the missile found itself being used for more and more of the roles formerly filled by guns. First to go were the large weapons, replaced by equally large missile systems of much higher performance. Smaller missiles soon followed, eventually becoming small enough to be mounted on armored cars and tank chassis. These started replacing, or at least supplanting, similar gun-based SPAAG systems in the 1960s, and by the 1990s had replaced almost all such systems in modern armies. Man-portable missiles, MANPADs as they are known today, were introduced in the 1960s and have supplanted or even replaced even the smallest guns in most advanced armies.
Question: The missile started being used more often instead of what weapon?
Answer: guns
Question: Small missiles were designed that could be mounted on what?
Answer: armored cars and tank chassis
Question: When did these missiles start to supplant gun-based SPAAG systems?
Answer: in the 1960s
Question: What are man-portable missiles better known as?
Answer: MANPADs
Question: When were MANPADs introduced?
Answer: the 1960s |
Context: London is also home to sizeable Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, and Jewish communities. Notable mosques include the East London Mosque in Tower Hamlets, London Central Mosque on the edge of Regent's Park and the Baitul Futuh Mosque of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. Following the oil boom, increasing numbers of wealthy Hindus and Middle-Eastern Muslims have based themselves around Mayfair and Knightsbridge in West London. There are large Muslim communities in the eastern boroughs of Tower Hamlets and Newham. Large Hindu communities are in the north-western boroughs of Harrow and Brent, the latter of which is home to Europe's largest Hindu temple, Neasden Temple. London is also home to 42 Hindu temples. There are Sikh communities in East and West London, particularly in Southall, home to one of the largest Sikh populations and the largest Sikh temple outside India.
Question: What is the name of the largest Hindu temple in Europe?
Answer: Neasden Temple
Question: Where is London's Sikh population primarily located?
Answer: Southall
Question: Where is the East London Mosque located?
Answer: Tower Hamlets
Question: Which eastern boroughs host large Muslim populations?
Answer: Tower Hamlets and Newham
Question: How many Hindu temples exist in London?
Answer: 42 |
Context: The Endangered Species Conservation Act (P. L. 91-135), passed in December, 1969, amended the original law to provide additional protection to species in danger of "worldwide extinction" by prohibiting their importation and subsequent sale in the United States. It expanded the Lacey Act's ban on interstate commerce to include mammals, reptiles, amphibians, mollusks and crustaceans. Reptiles were added mainly to reduce the rampant poaching of alligators and crocodiles. This law was the first time that invertebrates were included for protection.
Question: When was the Endangered Species Conservation Act passed?
Answer: December, 1969
Question: How did the Endangered Species Conservation Act benefit endangered species?
Answer: by prohibiting their importation and subsequent sale in the United States
Question: What did the Endangered Species Conservation Act add to the wildlife definition of the Lacey Act?
Answer: mammals, reptiles, amphibians, mollusks and crustaceans
Question: What two reptiles were particularly of interest for the inclusion of "reptiles" in the Endangered Species Conservation Act?
Answer: alligators and crocodiles
Question: What important precedent did this set for invertebrates?
Answer: This law was the first time that invertebrates were included for protection
Question: What repealed the Lacey Act?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the identification number for the Lacey Act?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why were mammals added to the protected species list?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Lacey Act passed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was excluded in the 1969 law?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Funafuti is the only port but there is a deep-water berth in the harbour at Nukufetau. The merchant marine fleet consists of two passenger/cargo ships Nivaga III and Manu Folau. These ships carry cargo and passengers between the main atolls and travel between Suva, Fiji and Funafuti 3 to 4 times a year. The Nivaga III and Manu Folau provide round trip visits to the outer islands every three or four weeks. The Manu Folau is a 50-metre vessel that was a gift from Japan to the people of Tuvalu. In 2015 the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) assisted the government of Tuvalu to acquire MV Talamoana, a 30-metre vessel that will be used to implement Tuvalu's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) to transport government officials and project personnel to the outer islands. In 2015 the Nivaga III was donated by the government of Japan; it replaced the Nivaga II, which had serviced Tuvalu from 1989.
Question: Where is Tuvalu's only port?
Answer: Funafuti
Question: Where is there a deep water berth available on Tuvalu?
Answer: Nukufetau
Question: Of how many ships does the merchant marine fleet consist?
Answer: two
Question: What ship did Japan donate to Tuvalu in 2015?
Answer: Nivaga III
Question: What do Tuvalu's merchant fleet carry?
Answer: cargo and passengers |
Context: As of 2000[update], there were 59,948 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 49,873 married individuals, 9,345 widows or widowers and 9,468 individuals who are divorced.
Question: How many people were single in Bern in 2000?
Answer: 59,948
Question: How many people were married in Bern in 2000?
Answer: 49,873
Question: How many people were widows or widowers in Bern in 2000?
Answer: 9,468
Question: Where there more married or single people in Bern in 2000?
Answer: single |
Context: Traditionally, the first step in most Buddhist schools requires taking refuge in the Three Jewels (Sanskrit: tri-ratna, Pāli: ti-ratana)[web 19] as the foundation of one's religious practice. The practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children is mentioned in the Majjhima Nikaya, recognized by most scholars as an early text (cf. Infant baptism). Tibetan Buddhism sometimes adds a fourth refuge, in the lama. In Mahayana, the person who chooses the bodhisattva path makes a vow or pledge, considered the ultimate expression of compassion. In Mahayana, too, the Three Jewels are perceived as possessed of an eternal and unchanging essence and as having an irreversible effect: "The Three Jewels have the quality of excellence. Just as real jewels never change their faculty and goodness, whether praised or reviled, so are the Three Jewels (Refuges), because they have an eternal and immutable essence. These Three Jewels bring a fruition that is changeless, for once one has reached Buddhahood, there is no possibility of falling back to suffering.
Question: What is the first step in a school of Buddhism?
Answer: the Three Jewels
Question: What mentions taking refuge on behalf of young or unborn children?
Answer: Majjhima Nikaya
Question: What type of Buddhism adds a fourth refuge?
Answer: Tibetan
Question: The Three Jewels are preceived as possessed of an eternal and unchanging what?
Answer: essence.
Question: What has an irreversable effect?
Answer: The Three Jewels |
Context: Major state expressways through the city include Lake Hefner Parkway (SH-74), the Kilpatrick Turnpike, Airport Road (SH-152), and Broadway Extension (US-77) which continues from I-235 connecting Central Oklahoma City to Edmond. Lake Hefner Parkway runs through northwest Oklahoma City, while Airport Road runs through southwest Oklahoma City and leads to Will Rogers World Airport. The Kilpatrick Turnpike loops around north and west Oklahoma City.
Question: What is one Major expressway that travels through Oklahoma City?
Answer: Lake Hefner Parkway |
Context: The current Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, of the United States House of Representatives serves as floor leader of the opposition party, and is the counterpart to the Majority Leader. Unlike the Majority Leader, the Minority Leader is on the ballot for Speaker of the House during the convening of the Congress. If the Minority Leader's party takes control of the House, and the party officers are all re-elected to their seats, the Minority Leader is usually the party's top choice for Speaker for the next Congress, while the Minority Whip is typically in line to become Majority Leader. The Minority Leader usually meets with the Majority Leader and the Speaker to discuss agreements on controversial issues.
Question: Who takes over as Speaker if the minority party gains control of the house?
Answer: Minority Leader is usually the party's top choice for Speaker
Question: What meetings do Minority and Majority leaders usually meet to discuss?
Answer: agreements on controversial issues
Question: Who is he current Minority leader?
Answer: Nancy Pelosi
Question: If minority party takes control of congress, who is usually in link to become majority leader?
Answer: Minority Leader
Question: Who is the current Majority Leader?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the Majority Leader leader of in the House?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who does the Minority Whip usually meet with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the Minority Whip meet with the Majority Leader and Speaker to discuss?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When is the Minority Whip on the ballot?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Being identified as either "black" or "white" in Australia during the 19th and early 20th centuries was critical in one's employment and social prospects. Various state-based Aboriginal Protection Boards were established which had virtually complete control over the lives of Indigenous Australians – where they lived, their employment, marriage, education and included the power to separate children from their parents. Aborigines were not allowed to vote and were often confined to reserves and forced into low paid or effectively slave labour. The social position of mixed-race or "half-caste" individuals varied over time. A 1913 report by Sir Baldwin Spencer states that:
Question: What was established to control the Indigenous Australians?
Answer: Aboriginal Protection Boards
Question: What did the Aboriginal Protection Boards control?
Answer: where they lived, their employment, marriage, education and included the power to separate children from their parents.
Question: Were Aborigines allowed to vote?
Answer: Aborigines were not allowed to vote
Question: Who reported how the Aborigines were treated?
Answer: Sir Baldwin Spencer
Question: What year was his report from?
Answer: 1913 |
Context: Despite the continuing prominence of Nanjing (then known as Jiankang), the settlement of Qiantang, the former name of Hangzhou, remained one of the three major metropolitan centers in the south to provide major tax revenue to the imperial centers in the north China. The other two centers in the south were Jiankang and Chengdu. In 589, Qiangtang was raised in status and renamed Hangzhou.
Question: What was Nanjing formerly known as?
Answer: Jiankang
Question: What was the former name of Hangzhou?
Answer: Qiantang
Question: Besides Qiantang and Jiankang, what was the other major metropolitan center in the south?
Answer: Chengdu
Question: What year was Qiantang raised in status and renamed Hangzhou?
Answer: 589
Question: How many major metropolitan centers were there in the south at the time?
Answer: three
Question: What is Nanjing currently known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Jiankang formerly known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the current name of Hangzhou?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened in 578?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The national postal infrastructure was completely destroyed during the civil war. In order to fill the vacuum, Somali Post signed an agreement in 2003 with the United Arab Emirates' Emirates Post to process mail to and from Somalia. Emirates Post's mail transit hub at the Dubai International Airport was then used to forward mail from Somalia to the UAE and various Western destinations, including Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Switzerland and Canada.
Question: When was the infrastructure of the postal service destroyed?
Answer: during the civil war
Question: What airport is home to the Emirates post mail hub?
Answer: Dubai International
Question: What Airport delivered the mail before 2003?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which Western country did Somalia partner with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country did the Somali Post parner with before the civil war?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did Somalia Post partner with Western Countries?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is the Somalia Post mail transit Hub?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There has been increasing controversy surrounding pharmaceutical marketing and influence. There have been accusations and findings of influence on doctors and other health professionals through drug reps, including the constant provision of marketing 'gifts' and biased information to health professionals; highly prevalent advertising in journals and conferences; funding independent healthcare organizations and health promotion campaigns; lobbying physicians and politicians (more than any other industry in the US); sponsorship of medical schools or nurse training; sponsorship of continuing educational events, with influence on the curriculum; and hiring physicians as paid consultants on medical advisory boards.
Question: Drug reps have been accused of giving what to health professionals?
Answer: 'gifts' and biased information
Question: Drug marketers have hired who as paid consultants?
Answer: physicians
Question: What publications can drug ads be commonly found?
Answer: journals and conferences
Question: What have drug reps been accused of giving to conferences?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Conferences have hired who as paid consultants?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What publications can advisory boards be commonly found in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who has been accused of influencing consultants?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has stopped controversy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The most persistent theme throughout his films is tension in parent-child relationships. Parents (often fathers) are reluctant, absent or ignorant. Peter Banning in Hook starts off in the beginning of the film as a reluctant married-to-his-work parent who through the course of the film regains the respect of his children. The notable absence of Elliott's father in E.T., is the most famous example of this theme. In Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, it is revealed that Indy has always had a very strained relationship with his father, who is a professor of medieval literature, as his father always seemed more interested in his work, specifically in his studies of the Holy Grail, than in his own son, although his father does not seem to realize or understand the negative effect that his aloof nature had on Indy (he even believes he was a good father in the sense that he taught his son "self reliance," which is not how Indy saw it). Even Oskar Schindler, from Schindler's List, is reluctant to have a child with his wife. Munich depicts Avner as a man away from his wife and newborn daughter. There are of course exceptions; Brody in Jaws is a committed family man, while John Anderton in Minority Report is a shattered man after the disappearance of his son. This theme is arguably the most autobiographical aspect of Spielberg's films, since Spielberg himself was affected by his parents' divorce as a child and by the absence of his father. Furthermore, to this theme, protagonists in his films often come from families with divorced parents, most notably E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (protagonist Elliot's mother is divorced) and Catch Me If You Can (Frank Abagnale's mother and father split early on in the film). Little known also is Tim in Jurassic Park (early in the film, another secondary character mentions Tim and Lex's parents' divorce). The family often shown divided is often resolved in the ending as well. Following this theme of reluctant fathers and father figures, Tim looks to Dr. Alan Grant as a father figure. Initially, Dr. Grant is reluctant to return those paternal feelings to Tim. However, by the end of the film, he has changed, and the kids even fall asleep with their heads on his shoulders.
Question: What was Indy's father's career?
Answer: professor of medieval literature
Question: What artifact did Indy's father focus on?
Answer: the Holy Grail
Question: What is Spielberg's most common theme?
Answer: tension in parent-child relationships
Question: Whose son disappeared in 'Minority Report'?
Answer: John Anderton
Question: Whose parents divorced in 'Catch Me If You Can'?
Answer: Frank Abagnale
Question: Who is one of the main characters of Jurassic Park?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Oskar Schindler in real life?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Indiana Jones do for a living?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What occupation was Avner in Munich?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The war was continuing indecisively when on 14 October Marshal Daun's Austrians surprised the main Prussian army at the Battle of Hochkirch in Saxony. Frederick lost much of his artillery but retreated in good order, helped by dense woods. The Austrians had ultimately made little progress in the campaign in Saxony despite Hochkirch and had failed to achieve a decisive breakthrough. After a thwarted attempt to take Dresden, Daun's troops were forced to withdraw to Austrian territory for the winter, so that Saxony remained under Prussian occupation. At the same time, the Russians failed in an attempt to take Kolberg in Pomerania (now Kołobrzeg, Poland) from the Prussians.
Question: What Austrian General surprised the Prussian at Hochkirch?
Answer: Marshal Daun
Question: What was the major loss for Prussia at Hochkirch?
Answer: lost much of his artillery
Question: Why was Frederick able to retreat successfully?
Answer: retreated in good order, helped by dense woods
Question: What was the result of the victory for the Austrians?
Answer: The Austrians had ultimately made little progress in the campaign in Saxony despite Hochkirch and had failed to achieve a decisive breakthrough
Question: How did the Austrian troops spend the winter?
Answer: , Daun's troops were forced to withdraw to Austrian territory for the winter |
Context: The severe weather in the Alps has been studied since the 18th century; particularly the weather patterns such as the seasonal foehn wind. Numerous weather stations were placed in the mountains early in the early 20th century, providing continuous data for climatologists. Some of the valleys are quite arid such as the Aosta valley in Italy, the Maurienne in France, the Valais in Switzerland, and northern Tyrol.
Question: Since when has the severe weather in the Alps been studied?
Answer: the 18th century
Question: Particularly what part of the weather has been studied?
Answer: the weather patterns
Question: What was placed in the mountains early in the 20th century?
Answer: Numerous weather stations
Question: Where is the Aosta valley located?
Answer: Italy
Question: Where is the Valais located?
Answer: Switzerland |
Context: Windows Explorer, which has been renamed File Explorer, now includes a ribbon in place of the command bar. File operation dialog boxes have been updated to provide more detailed statistics, the ability to pause file transfers, and improvements in the ability to manage conflicts when copying files. A new "File History" function allows incremental revisions of files to be backed up to and restored from a secondary storage device, while Storage Spaces allows users to combine different sized hard disks into virtual drives and specify mirroring, parity, or no redundancy on a folder-by-folder basis.
Question: What replaced the Windows Explorer comman bar?
Answer: a ribbon
Question: What is the new name of Windows Explorer?
Answer: File Explorer
Question: What did the update of operation dalog boxes help with?
Answer: provide more detailed statistics, the ability to pause file transfers, and improvements in the ability to manage conflicts when copying files
Question: What does file history make possible?
Answer: allows incremental revisions of files to be backed up to and restored from a secondary storage device
Question: What never replaced the Windows Explorer common bar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the old name of Windows Explorer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the update of operation dalog boxes hurt with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What didn't the update of operation dalog boxes help with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does file history make impossible?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the most notable religious buildings in the United Kingdom and has been the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English and, later, British monarchs. Between 1540 and 1556 the abbey had the status of a cathedral. Since 1560, however, the building is no longer an abbey nor a cathedral, having instead the status of a Church of England "Royal Peculiar"—a church responsible directly to the sovereign. The building itself is the original abbey church.
Question: What is the formal name of Westminster Abbey?
Answer: the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster
Question: Where is Westminster Abbey located?
Answer: City of Westminster, London
Question: When was Westminster Abbey a cathedral?
Answer: Between 1540 and 1556
Question: What has been the status of Westminster Abbey since 1560?
Answer: Church of England "Royal Peculiar"
Question: What was Westminster Abbey's informal name?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What style architecture is the Westminster Abbey not considered?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what country is Westminster Abbey located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what years wasn't the Abbey considered a cathedral?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of building is the Abbey not considered?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On 12 March 1999, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland joined NATO; Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, and Slovakia joined in March 2004; Albania joined on 1 April 2009.
Question: Which former Eastern Bloc country was the latest to join NATO?
Answer: Albania
Question: In which year did Poland join NATO?
Answer: 1999
Question: In which year did Slovakia join NATO?
Answer: 2004
Question: Which countries joined NATO on 12 May 1999?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which countries joined NATO in May 2004?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which country joined NATO on 11 April 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Hungary joined which organization in March 2004?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Poland joined which organization in March 2004?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The origins of the Samoans are closely studied in modern research about Polynesia in various scientific disciplines such as genetics, linguistics and anthropology. Scientific research is ongoing, although a number of different theories exist; including one proposing that the Samoans originated from Austronesian predecessors during the terminal eastward Lapita expansion period from Southeast Asia and Melanesia between 2,500 and 1,500 BCE. The Samoan origins are currently being reassessed due to new scientific evidence and carbon dating findings from 2003 and onwards.
Question: In what year did new discoveries change the course of research on Samoan origins?
Answer: 2003
Question: In addition to linguistics and genetics, what field of study researches Samoan origins?
Answer: anthropology
Question: One theory posits that Samoans originated from what people during the Lapita expansion period?
Answer: Austronesian
Question: What year marks the end of the period of the terminal eastward Lapita expansion?
Answer: 1,500 BCE
Question: What scientific disciplines are being used to study where the Austronesian people came from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During what period did the Austronesians migrate from Southeast Asia and Melanesia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why are Austronesian origins now being reassessed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From what period is new evidence being used to reassess Austronesian origins?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whos origins are being studied in research about Melanesia?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: West in 1930 and later P. G. A. H. Voigt (1940) showed that the early Wente-style condenser microphones contributed to a 4 to 6 dB midrange brilliance or pre-emphasis in the recording chain. This meant that the electrical recording characteristics of Western Electric licensees such as Columbia Records and Victor Talking Machine Company in the 1925 era had a higher amplitude in the midrange region. Brilliance such as this compensated for dullness in many early magnetic pickups having drooping midrange and treble response. As a result, this practice was the empirical beginning of using pre-emphasis above 1,000 Hz in 78 rpm and 33 1⁄3 rpm records.
Question: Whom found Wente-style condenser microphones helpful?
Answer: P. G. A. H. Voigt
Question: How were Wente-Style condenser microphones helpful?
Answer: pre-emphasis in the recording
Question: When was a pre-emphasis most useful?
Answer: above 1,000 Hz
Question: On which recording types were pre-emphasis used most in the 1920s?
Answer: 78 rpm and 33 1⁄3 rpm
Question: In which Era was this finding most significant?
Answer: 1925 era |
Context: The story focuses on series protagonist Link, who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm. To do so, he takes the form of both a Hylian and a wolf, and is assisted by a mysterious creature named Midna. The game takes place hundreds of years after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, in an alternate timeline from The Wind Waker.
Question: Who is the main character of the story?
Answer: Link
Question: What land does Link serve to protect?
Answer: Hyrule
Question: What character helped Link in Twilight Princess?
Answer: Midna
Question: Who is the protagonist is Legend of Zelda?
Answer: Link
Question: What is the name of the mysterious creature that assists Link?
Answer: Midna
Question: This storyline takes place alternate from what storyline?
Answer: The Wind Waker
Question: What land does Ocarina serve to protect?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What character helped Link in Ocarina Princess?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the protagonist of Midna of Time?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From what alternate dimension does this dimension take place from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When does the Waker take place?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The 1923 general election was fought on the Conservatives' protectionist proposals but, although they got the most votes and remained the largest party, they lost their majority in parliament, necessitating the formation of a government supporting free trade. Thus, with the acquiescence of Asquith's Liberals, Ramsay MacDonald became the first ever Labour Prime Minister in January 1924, forming the first Labour government, despite Labour only having 191 MPs (less than a third of the House of Commons).
Question: In what year did Ramsay MacDonald become the Labour PM?
Answer: 1924
Question: How many MP did they get in the election in 1924?
Answer: 191
Question: Who was the last Labour Prime Minister?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What party had more than a third of the House of Commons?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the first Conservative Prime Minister serve?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who won a majority in Parliament?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who got the least votes?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: A study conducted in 1972 and 1981, documented by Robert Ulrich, surveyed 23 surgical patients assigned to rooms looking out on a natural scene. The study concluded that patients assigned to rooms with windows allowing lots of natural light had shorter postoperative hospital stays, received fewer negative evaluative comments in nurses’ notes, and took fewer potent analegesics than 23 matched patients in similar rooms with windows facing a brick wall. This study suggests that due to the nature of the scenery and daylight exposure was indeed healthier for patients as opposed to those exposed to little light from the brick wall. In addition to increased work performance, proper usage of windows and daylighting crosses the boundaries between pure aesthetics and overall health.
Question: Who documented 23 surgical patients assigned rooms looking out on a natural scene?
Answer: Robert Ulrich
Question: Did the patients with natural scenes have longer postoperative hospital stays?
Answer: no
Question: Did patients that have natural scenes require more potent analgesics?
Answer: no |
Context: Regarding the classical music, it was through the Ionian islands (which were under western rule and influence) that all the major advances of the western European classical music were introduced to mainland Greeks. The region is notable for the birth of the first School of modern Greek classical music (Heptanesean or Ionian School, Greek: Επτανησιακή Σχολή), established in 1815. Prominent representatives of this genre include Nikolaos Mantzaros, Spyridon Xyndas, Spyridon Samaras and Pavlos Carrer. Manolis Kalomiris is considered the founder of the Greek National School of Music.
Question: Through which islands was European classical music introduced to the Greeks?
Answer: Ionian
Question: When was the first school of modern Greek classical music formed?
Answer: 1815
Question: Who is considered the Greek National School of Music founder?
Answer: Manolis Kalomiris |
Context: During World War II, Hitler's Generalplan Ost (general plan for the East) entailed killing, deporting, or enslaving the Slavic and Jewish population of occupied Eastern Europe to create Lebensraum (living space) for German settlers. The Nazi Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost would have led to the starvation of 80 million people in the Soviet Union. These partially fulfilled plans resulted in the deaths of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war.
Question: Whose plan for the East entailed killing, deporting, or enslaving the Slavs?
Answer: Hitler's
Question: What would have led to the starvation of 80 million people in the Soviet Union?
Answer: The Nazi Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost
Question: The Nazi Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost resulted in the death and imprisonment of how many people?
Answer: 19.3 million civilians
Question: What is the German word for living space?
Answer: Lebensraum
Question: How many prisoners of war were supposed to die from the Hunger Plan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who planned to deport German settlers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: 80 million people died in what country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Slavic word for living space?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What plans successfully resulted in 80 million people starving?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual identity or sexual behavior. Identity and behavior are measured as supplemental information because they are both closely tied to sexual attraction and sexual orientation. Major criticisms of the SASO have not been established, but a concern is that the reliability and validity remains largely unexamined.
Question: What questions did Sell consider the most important on the KInsey scale?
Answer: those assessing sexual attraction
Question: Why did Sell consider the questions regarding sexual attraction the most important?
Answer: sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation
Question: Rather than define sexual orientation as sexual idenity or behavior what did Sell define it as?
Answer: extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither
Question: What is a huge concern for SASO?
Answer: the reliability and validity remains largely unexamined. |
Context: Albania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: "Albania is for sure the most pro-American country in Europe, maybe even in the world ... Nowhere else can you find such respect and hospitality for the President of the United States. Even in Michigan, he wouldn't be as welcome." At the time of ex-Secretary of State James Baker's visit in 1992, there was even a move to hold a referendum declaring the country as the 51st American state. In addition to Albania, Kosovo which is predominately Albanian is seen as a 51st state due to the heavily presence and influence of the United States. The US has had troops and the largest base outside US territory, Camp Bondsteel in the territory since 1999.
Question: Who is the mayor of Tirana?
Answer: Edi Rama,
Question: Who said that Albania is the most pro-American country in Europe?
Answer: Edi Rama
Question: When did James Baker visit Albania as Secretary of State?
Answer: 1992
Question: What is the name of the largest US military base outside of US territory?
Answer: Camp Bondsteel
Question: Who is the mayor of Albania?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who said that Albania is the most pro-Bondsteel country in Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did James Baker visit the United States as Secretary of State?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the largest Albanian military base outside of Albanian territory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the leader of the Socialists?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. Their expressions on the subject of the sinlessness of Mary are, it is pointed out, so ample and so absolute that they must be taken to include original sin as well as actual. Thus in the first five centuries such epithets as "in every respect holy", "in all things unstained", "super-innocent", and "singularly holy" are applied to her; she is compared to Eve before the fall, as ancestress of a redeemed people; she is "the earth before it was accursed". The well-known words of St. Augustine (d. 430) may be cited: "As regards the mother of God," he says, "I will not allow any question whatever of sin." It is true that he is here speaking directly of actual or personal sin. But his argument is that all men are sinners; that they are so through original depravity; that this original depravity may be overcome by the grace of God, and he adds that he does not know but that Mary may have had sufficient grace to overcome sin "of every sort" (omni ex parte).
Question: What proof do some believe is offered as to proof of Mary being the ultimate concept of pure?
Answer: include original sin as well as actual. Thus in the first five centuries such epithets as "
Question: What phrases were used to describe Mary ?
Answer: in every respect holy", "in all things unstained", "super-innocent", and "singularly holy" are applied to her
Question: Who is often held as the model for all things holy and pure that is not Mary ?
Answer: Eve before the fall
Question: Who refused to hear any contradictory views about Mary and her perceived inception ?
Answer: St. Augustine (d. 430) may be cited: "As regards the mother of God," he says, "I will not allow any question whatever of sin.
Question: What did this person also state about all of mankind in regards to wayward transgressions ?
Answer: his argument is that all men are sinners;
Question: What was explicitly mooted before the twelfth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can be proved from Scripture?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whose teachings on the sinlessness of Mary only include Original Sin
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What terms were only applied to Mary after the fifth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is not sure that Mary had sufficient grace to overcome sin?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On 25 May 1963, the pope suffered another haemorrhage and required several blood transfusions, but the cancer had perforated the stomach wall and peritonitis soon set in. The doctors conferred in a decision regarding this matter and John XXIII's aide Loris F. Capovilla broke the news to him saying that the cancer had done its work and nothing could be done for him. Around this time, his remaining siblings arrived to be with him. By 31 May, it had become clear that the cancer had overcome the resistance of John XXIII – it had left him confined to his bed.
Question: What did the pope suffer on 25 May 1963?
Answer: haemorrhage
Question: Who broke the news to John XXIII about his cancer?
Answer: Loris F. Capovilla
Question: When was it clear that the cancer had overcome the resistance of John XXIII?
Answer: 31 May
Question: What did Loris F. Capovilla suffer from on May 25, 1963?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What treatment did she require on May 25, 1963?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What had happened to the cancer Loris F. Capovilla was suffering from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What could be done to help Loris's condition?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was it clear that Loris was loosing her battle with stomach cancer?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1985, Madonna commented that the first song to ever make a strong impression on her was "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" by Nancy Sinatra; she said it summed up her own "take-charge attitude". As a young woman, she attempted to broaden her taste in literature, art, and music, and during this time became interested in classical music. She noted that her favorite style was baroque, and loved Mozart and Chopin because she liked their "feminine quality". Madonna's major influences include Karen Carpenter, The Supremes and Led Zeppelin, as well as dancers Martha Graham and Rudolf Nureyev. She also grew up listening to David Bowie, whose show was the first rock concert she ever attended.
Question: Which song made a strong impression on Madonna?
Answer: These Boots Are Made for Walkin
Question: Who sang the song these boots are made for walking?
Answer: Nancy Sinatra;
Question: Whose favorite style is baroque?
Answer: Madonna
Question: Who grew up listening to David Bowie?
Answer: Madonna
Question: Name one of Madonna's major influence?
Answer: Karen Carpenter |
Context: Nueva Vizcaya (New Biscay) was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored and settled by the Spanish. Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua. The conquest of the territory lasted nearly one century, and encountered fierce resistance from the Conchos tribe, but the desire of the Spanish Crown to transform the region into a bustling mining center led to a strong strategy to control the area.
Question: What was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored?
Answer: Nueva Vizcaya
Question: Around 1528, a group of Spaniards entered the territory that now makes up what state?
Answer: Chihuahua
Question: The conquest of the territory lasted nearly how long?
Answer: one century
Question: Which tribe resisted fiercely this conquest?
Answer: Conchos tribe
Question: The Spanish crown wanted to turn the region into what type of industry?
Answer: mining center |
Context: On 30 October 2009, May wrote a fanclub letter on his website stating that Queen had no intentions to tour in 2010 but that there was a possibility of a performance. He was quoted as saying, "The greatest debate, though, is always about when we will next play together as Queen. At the moment, in spite of the many rumours that are out there, we do not have plans to tour in 2010. The good news, though, is that Roger and I have a much closer mutual understanding these days—privately and professionally ... and all ideas are carefully considered. Music is never far away from us. As I write, there is an important one-off performance on offer, in the USA, and it remains to be decided whether we will take up this particular challenge. Every day, doors seem to open, and every day, we interact, perhaps more than ever before, with the world outside. It is a time of exciting transition in Rock music and in 'The Business'. It's good that the pulse still beats". On 15 November 2009, May and Taylor performed "Bohemian Rhapsody" live on the British TV show The X Factor alongside the finalists.
Question: Which member of Queen wrote a letter to fans in 2009 regarding touring for 2010?
Answer: May
Question: What date did May and Taylor of Queen perform Bohemian Rhapsody on X-Factor?
Answer: 15 November 2009
Question: In 2009, what was the first name of the former Queen member Brian May told fans he had a better understanding with?
Answer: Roger
Question: Which country had made an offer to Queen for a one off performance in 2010?
Answer: USA |
Context: In addition to concerns over subsidies, the cotton industries of some countries are criticized for employing child labor and damaging workers' health by exposure to pesticides used in production. The Environmental Justice Foundation has campaigned against the prevalent use of forced child and adult labor in cotton production in Uzbekistan, the world's third largest cotton exporter. The international production and trade situation has led to "fair trade" cotton clothing and footwear, joining a rapidly growing market for organic clothing, fair fashion or "ethical fashion". The fair trade system was initiated in 2005 with producers from Cameroon, Mali and Senegal.
Question: What type of labor have some countries come under fire for employing?
Answer: child
Question: What usage that causes worker damage have some countries been reported doing?
Answer: exposure to pesticides
Question: What country has been accused of forced child and adult labor?
Answer: Uzbekistan
Question: Where does Uzbekistan rank as a cotton exporter?
Answer: third largest
Question: What system was started in 2005 to deal with organic and ethically produced products?
Answer: fair trade
Question: What type of footwear have some countries come under fire for employing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What usage that causes footwear damage have some countries been reported to doing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country has been accused of fair fashion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where does Mali rank as a cotton exporter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What system was started in 2005 to deal with forced labor?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Glaciers are present on every continent and approximately fifty countries, excluding those (Australia, South Africa) that have glaciers only on distant subantarctic island territories. Extensive glaciers are found in Antarctica, Chile, Canada, Alaska, Greenland and Iceland. Mountain glaciers are widespread, especially in the Andes, the Himalayas, the Rocky Mountains, the Caucasus, and the Alps. Mainland Australia currently contains no glaciers, although a small glacier on Mount Kosciuszko was present in the last glacial period. In New Guinea, small, rapidly diminishing, glaciers are located on its highest summit massif of Puncak Jaya. Africa has glaciers on Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, on Mount Kenya and in the Rwenzori Mountains. Oceanic islands with glaciers occur on Iceland, Svalbard, New Zealand, Jan Mayen and the subantarctic islands of Marion, Heard, Grande Terre (Kerguelen) and Bouvet. During glacial periods of the Quaternary, Taiwan, Hawaii on Mauna Kea and Tenerife also had large alpine glaciers, while the Faroe and Crozet Islands were completely glaciated.
Question: How many countries contain glaciers?
Answer: fifty
Question: Which continent contains glaciers?
Answer: every continent
Question: Which mountain ranges contain glaciers?
Answer: Andes, the Himalayas, the Rocky Mountains, the Caucasus, and the Alps
Question: Where are glaciers in Africa located?
Answer: Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, on Mount Kenya and in the Rwenzori Mountains
Question: Which sub-antarctic islands have glaciers?
Answer: Marion, Heard, Grande Terre (Kerguelen) and Bouvet
Question: What are found on every coninant including Australia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What sub-arctic islands do not have glaciers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Australian mountain has a glacier?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are spreading rapidly in New Guinea?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: For several decades, peace reigned in Tibet, but in 1792 the Qing Qianlong Emperor sent a large Chinese army into Tibet to push the invading Nepalese out. This prompted yet another Qing reorganization of the Tibetan government, this time through a written plan called the "Twenty-Nine Regulations for Better Government in Tibet". Qing military garrisons staffed with Qing troops were now also established near the Nepalese border. Tibet was dominated by the Manchus in various stages in the 18th century, and the years immediately following the 1792 regulations were the peak of the Qing imperial commissioners' authority; but there was no attempt to make Tibet a Chinese province.
Question: When did the Qing Qianlong Emperor send a large Chinese army into Tibet?
Answer: 1792
Question: Why did the Qing Qianlong Emperor send a large Chinese army into Tibet?
Answer: push the invading Nepalese out
Question: What was the Qing reorganization of the Tibetan called?
Answer: Twenty-Nine Regulations for Better Government in Tibet
Question: When was Tibet dominated by the Manchus?
Answer: 18th century
Question: What happened in 1729?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Chinese Emperor send a large army into Tibet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What written plan did the Nepalese produce?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the attempt to make Tibet a Chinese province?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who dominated Tibet during the entire 18th century?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Several hundred pro-Tibet protesters gathered at the Trocadéro with banners and Tibetan flags, and remained there for a peaceful protest, never approaching the torch relay itself. Among them was Jane Birkin, who spoke to the media about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China. Also present was Thupten Gyatso, President of the French Tibetan community, who called upon pro-Tibet demonstrators to "remain calm, non-violent, peaceful".
Question: Where did hundreds of pro-Tibet protesters meet?
Answer: the Trocadéro
Question: Who spoke to the media about China's lack of freedom of speech?
Answer: Jane Birkin
Question: Who is the President of the French Tibetan community that urged protesters to remain peaceful?
Answer: Thupten Gyatso
Question: Where did pro-Tibetan protesters get together?
Answer: Trocadéro
Question: The Trocadéro was not disruptive of the relay and said to have been what?
Answer: peaceful
Question: Who, of the Trocadéro protest, spoke to the media?
Answer: Jane Birkin
Question: What did the person who spoke to the media at Trocadéro say China lacked?
Answer: freedom of speech |
Context: Batteries are usually grouped into battalions or equivalent. In the field army a light gun or SHORAD battalion is often assigned to a manoeuvre division. Heavier guns and long-range missiles may be in air-defence brigades and come under corps or higher command. Homeland air defence may have a full military structure. For example, the UK's Anti-Aircraft Command, commanded by a full British Army general was part of ADGB. At its peak in 1941–42 it comprised three AA corps with 12 AA divisions between them.
Question: How are batteries typically grouped?
Answer: into battalions
Question: What type of battalion is normally tasked to a manoeuvre division in the field army?
Answer: light gun or SHORAD
Question: Which military section could have a full military structure?
Answer: Homeland air defence
Question: Who commanded the UK's Anti-Aircraft Command?
Answer: a full British Army general
Question: How many corps was the UK's Anti-Aircraft Command?
Answer: three AA corps |
Context: The army is led by a civilian Secretary of the Army, who has the statutory authority to conduct all the affairs of the army under the authority, direction and control of the Secretary of Defense. The Chief of Staff of the Army, who is the highest-ranked military officer in the army, serves as the principal military adviser and executive agent for the Secretary of the Army, i.e., its service chief; and as a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a body composed of the service chiefs from each of the four military services belonging to the Department of Defense who advise the President of the United States, the Secretary of Defense, and the National Security Council on operational military matters, under the guidance of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In 1986, the Goldwater–Nichols Act mandated that operational control of the services follows a chain of command from the President to the Secretary of Defense directly to the unified combatant commanders, who have control of all armed forces units in their geographic or function area of responsibility. Thus, the secretaries of the military departments (and their respective service chiefs underneath them) only have the responsibility to organize, train and equip their service components. The army provides trained forces to the combatant commanders for use as directed by the Secretary of Defense.
Question: Who is the highest-ranked military officer in the army?
Answer: The Chief of Staff
Question: Who does the Chief of Staff serve as the principal military adviser to?
Answer: Secretary of the Army
Question: How many military services beling to the Department of Defense?
Answer: four
Question: In what year did the Goldwater-Nichols act take place?
Answer: 1986
Question: Which civilian leads the Navy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the highest-ranked military officer in the Navy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many European military services belong to the Department of Defense?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the Goldwater-Nichols Act rejected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What branch of military does the Secretary of the Treasury direct?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because they have both rest mass and volume. By contrast, massless particles, such as photons, are not considered matter, because they have neither rest mass nor volume. However, not all particles with rest mass have a classical volume, since fundamental particles such as quarks and leptons (sometimes equated with matter) are considered "point particles" with no effective size or volume. Nevertheless, quarks and leptons together make up "ordinary matter", and their interactions contribute to the effective volume of the composite particles that make up ordinary matter.
Question: What orbits around electrons?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are protons and neutrons made out of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: All particles with rest mass have what kind of volume?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cannot contribute to effective volume?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of size or volume do point particles have?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many units are supplemented with a variety of specialized weapons, including the M249 SAW (Squad Automatic Weapon), to provide suppressive fire at the fire-team level. Indirect fire is provided by the M203 grenade launcher. The M1014 Joint Service Combat Shotgun or the Mossberg 590 Shotgun are used for door breaching and close-quarters combat. The M14EBR is used by designated marksmen. Snipers use the M107 Long Range Sniper Rifle, the M2010 Enhanced Sniper Rifle, and the M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper Rifle.
Question: What does the SAW in M249 SAW stand for?
Answer: Squad Automatic Weapon
Question: What kind of gunfire is the M249 SAW generally used for?
Answer: suppressive fire
Question: What is the Mossberg 590 used for?
Answer: door breaching and close-quarters combat
Question: What gun do designated marksmen use?
Answer: M14EBR
Question: What semi-automatic sniper do Snipers use?
Answer: M110
Question: What does SAW in M248 stand for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of gunfire is the M248 SAW generally used for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What gun do designated marksmen use the least?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of automatic weapon do snipers use?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 2003 Imperial was granted degree-awarding powers in its own right by the Privy Council. The London Centre for Nanotechnology was established in the same year as a joint venture between UCL and Imperial College London. In 2004 the Tanaka Business School (now named the Imperial College Business School) and a new Main Entrance on Exhibition Road were opened by The Queen. The UK Energy Research Centre was also established in 2004 and opened its headquarters at Imperial College. In November 2005 the Faculties of Life Sciences and Physical Sciences merged to become the Faculty of Natural Sciences.
Question: Who granted Imperial degree-awarding powers?
Answer: Privy Council
Question: In which year was the London Centre for Nanotechnology established?
Answer: 2003
Question: The Londre Centre for Nanotechnology was a joint effort between UCL and which college?
Answer: Imperial College London
Question: What is the old name of the Imperial College Business School?
Answer: Tanaka Business School
Question: The Faculties of Life Sciences and Physical Sciences merged in 2005 to become which faculty?
Answer: Faculty of Natural Sciences
Question: What school was given an award by the Privy Council?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Privy Council give Imperial an award?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did UCL establish to compete with Imperial College?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What busniss school was funded by the Queen?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two programs developed out of the Faculty of Natural Sciences?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From the caliphate's north-western African bases, a series of raids on coastal areas of the Visigothic Kingdom paved the way to the permanent occupation of most of Iberia by the Umayyads (starting in 711), and on into south-eastern Gaul (last stronghold at Narbonne in 759). Hisham's reign witnessed the end of expansion in the west, following the defeat of the Arab army by the Franks at the Battle of Tours in 732. In 739 a major Berber Revolt broke out in North Africa, which was subdued only with difficulty, but it was followed by the collapse of Umayyad authority in al-Andalus. In India the Arab armies were defeated by the south Indian Chalukya dynasty and by the north Indian Pratiharas Dynasty in the 8th century and the Arabs were driven out of India. In the Caucasus, the confrontation with the Khazars peaked under Hisham: the Arabs established Derbent as a major military base and launched several invasions of the northern Caucasus, but failed to subdue the nomadic Khazars. The conflict was arduous and bloody, and the Arab army even suffered a major defeat at the Battle of Marj Ardabil in 730. Marwan ibn Muhammad, the future Marwan II, finally ended the war in 737 with a massive invasion that is reported to have reached as far as the Volga, but the Khazars remained unsubdued.
Question: When did the Umayyads begin to occupy Iberia?
Answer: 711
Question: What was the final year that the Umayyads held Narbonne?
Answer: 759
Question: Who defeated the Arabs at the Battle of Tours?
Answer: Franks
Question: In what year did the Berber Revolt begin?
Answer: 739
Question: What was Marwan II's name before he became caliph?
Answer: Marwan ibn Muhammad
Question: What paved the way towards an occupation of the Umayyads by the Iberians?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the occupation of Iberia end?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did the caliphate's expansion in the west start?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: At what battle did the Arabs defeat the Franks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Arab army win a major victory at the Battle of Marj Ardabil?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: By 326 BC, Alexander the Great had conquered Asia Minor and the Achaemenid Empire and had reached the northwest frontiers of the Indian subcontinent. There he defeated King Porus in the Battle of the Hydaspes (near modern-day Jhelum, Pakistan) and conquered much of the Punjab. Alexander's march east put him in confrontation with the Nanda Empire of Magadha and the Gangaridai of Bengal. His army, exhausted and frightened by the prospect of facing larger Indian armies at the Ganges River, mutinied at the Hyphasis (modern Beas River) and refused to march further East. Alexander, after the meeting with his officer, Coenus, and learning about the might of Nanda Empire, was convinced that it was better to return.
Question: When did Alexander the Great reach India?
Answer: 326 BC
Question: Who did Alexander defeat in the area now Pakistan?
Answer: King Porus
Question: At what battle did Alexander beat King Porus?
Answer: Battle of the Hydaspes
Question: Where did Alexander's army finally mutiny?
Answer: Hyphasis
Question: The strength of what empire's army pushed Alexander to retreat?
Answer: Nanda Empire |
Context: New Zealand has a strong hunting culture. The islands making up New Zealand originally had no land mammals apart from bats. However, once Europeans arrived, game animals were introduced by acclimatisation societies to provide New Zealanders with sport and a hunting resource. Deer, pigs, goats, rabbits, hare, tahr and chamois all adapted well to the New Zealand terrain, and with no natural predators, their population exploded. Government agencies view the animals as pests due to their effects on the natural environment and on agricultural production, but hunters view them as a resource.
Question: What does New Zealand have?
Answer: strong hunting culture
Question: What was the only land mammal native to New Zealand?
Answer: bats
Question: Why were game animals introduced by acclimatisation societies?
Answer: to provide New Zealanders with sport and a hunting resource
Question: Why did the population of pigs and rabbits explode in New Zealand?
Answer: no natural predators
Question: What do government agencies view the animals as?
Answer: pests
Question: What country has a strong hunting culture?
Answer: New Zealand
Question: What were the the only land mammal in New Zealand?
Answer: bats
Question: What is New Zealand made up of?
Answer: islands
Question: Game animals were introduced here by whom?
Answer: acclimatisation societies
Question: What resulted having no natural predators for the animals introduced?
Answer: their population exploded
Question: What mammal was the only one that existed originally in Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were bats originally used for in Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of culture does Europe have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group introduced pigs to Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How do acclimatisation societies in Europe view bats?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: 10th Street (40°44′03″N 74°00′11″W / 40.7342580°N 74.0029670°W / 40.7342580; -74.0029670) begins at the FDR Drive and Avenue C. West of Sixth Avenue, it turns southward about 40 degrees to join the Greenwich Village street grid and continue to West Street on the Hudson River. Because West 4th Street turns northward at Sixth Avenue, it intersects 10th, 11th and 12th and 13th Streets in the West Village. The M8 bus operates on 10th Street in both directions between Avenue D and Avenue A, and eastbound between West Street and Sixth Avenue. 10th Street has an eastbound bike lane from West Street to the East River. In 2009, the two-way section of 10th Street between Avenue A and the East River had bicycle markings and sharrows installed, but it still has no dedicated bike lane. West 10th Street was previously named Amos Street for Richard Amos. The end of West 10th Street toward the Hudson River was once the home of Newgate Prison, New York City's first prison and the United States' second.
Question: Which bus operates on 10th Street between Avenues D and A and between West Street and Sixth Ave?
Answer: M8
Question: Does the two-way section of 10th Street have a dedicated bike lane?
Answer: no
Question: The end of what road was once home to Newgate Prison?
Answer: West 10th Street
Question: Which prison was New York City's first?
Answer: Newgate Prison
Question: What was the name of the United States' second prison?
Answer: Newgate Prison |
Context: 808s & Heartbreak, which features extensive use of the eponymous Roland TR-808 drum machine and contains themes of love, loneliness, and heartache, was released by Island Def Jam to capitalize on Thanksgiving weekend in November 2008. Reviews were positive, though slightly more mixed than his previous efforts. Despite this, the record's singles demonstrated outstanding chart performances. Upon its release, the lead single "Love Lockdown" debuted at number three on the Billboard Hot 100 and became a "Hot Shot Debut", while follow-up single "Heartless" performed similarly and became his second consecutive "Hot Shot Debut" by debuting at number four on the Billboard Hot 100. While it was criticized prior to release, 808s & Heartbreak had a significant effect on hip-hop music, encouraging other rappers to take more creative risks with their productions.
Question: What label pushed out Kanye's fourth studio album?
Answer: Island Def Jam
Question: Which album by Kanye West featured the song "Love Lockdown"?
Answer: 808s & Heartbreak
Question: 808s & Heartbreak was released by what company?
Answer: Island Def Jam
Question: When was 808s & Heartbreaks released?
Answer: November 2008
Question: What was the second song released off of 808s?
Answer: Heartless
Question: The major usage of musical machine on 808s was described as eponymous?
Answer: Roland TR-808 drum machine |
Context: The distinctive characteristic of English cathedrals is their extreme length, and their internal emphasis upon the horizontal, which may be emphasised visually as much or more than the vertical lines. Each English cathedral (with the exception of Salisbury) has an extraordinary degree of stylistic diversity, when compared with most French, German and Italian cathedrals. It is not unusual for every part of the building to have been built in a different century and in a different style, with no attempt at creating a stylistic unity. Unlike French cathedrals, English cathedrals sprawl across their sites, with double transepts projecting strongly and Lady Chapels tacked on at a later date, such as at Westminster Abbey. In the west front, the doors are not as significant as in France, the usual congregational entrance being through a side porch. The West window is very large and never a rose, which are reserved for the transept gables. The west front may have two towers like a French Cathedral, or none. There is nearly always a tower at the crossing and it may be very large and surmounted by a spire. The distinctive English east end is square, but it may take a completely different form. Both internally and externally, the stonework is often richly decorated with carvings, particularly the capitals.
Question: What is the unique design feature of English cathedrals?
Answer: their extreme length
Question: What type of transepts do English cathedrals often feature?
Answer: double transepts
Question: What size of window is typically featured on the west end of English cathedrals?
Answer: very large
Question: Where are rose windows used on English cathedrals?
Answer: the transept gables
Question: On English cathedrals, where is a tower almost always found?
Answer: at the crossing
Question: What is the worst design feature of English cathedrals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of transepts do English cathedrals often lack?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What size of cat is typically featured on the west end of English cathedrals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are blackened windows used on English cathedrals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is a tower almost never found on Greek cathedrals?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres.
Question: What nationality is the Flying Fathers team?
Answer: Canadian
Question: What religion is the Flying Fathers team?
Answer: Catholic
Question: Who founded the Flying Fathers?
Answer: Les Costello
Question: What league were most members of the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team from?
Answer: NHL
Question: Where are the Saores based?
Answer: Buffalo
Question: What is what is the name of the team of North American priests?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What nationality with the Protestant priests of the flying fathers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which founder of the flying fathers was once an AHL player?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What exhibition team is made up of almost all NHL players?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the NHL team from Buffalo?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Śātavāhana Empire was a royal Indian dynasty based from Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh as well as Junnar (Pune) and Prathisthan (Paithan) in Maharashtra. The territory of the empire covered much of India from 230 BCE onward. Sātavāhanas started out as feudatories to the Mauryan dynasty, but declared independence with its decline. They are known for their patronage of Hinduism and Buddhism which resulted in Buddhist monuments from Ellora (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) to Amaravati. The Sātavāhanas were one of the first Indian states to issue coins struck with their rulers embossed. They formed a cultural bridge and played a vital role in trade as well as the transfer of ideas and culture to and from the Indo-Gangetic Plain to the southern tip of India. They had to compete with the Shunga Empire and then the Kanva dynasty of Magadha to establish their rule. Later, they played a crucial role to protect a huge part of India against foreign invaders like the Sakas, Yavanas and Pahlavas. In particular their struggles with the Western Kshatrapas went on for a long time. The notable rulers of the Satavahana Dynasty Gautamiputra Satakarni and Sri Yajna Sātakarni were able to defeat the foreign invaders like the Western Kshatrapas and to stop their expansion. In the 3rd century CE the empire was split into smaller states.
Question: What empire covered most of India from 230 BCE?
Answer: Śātavāhana Empire
Question: Of what were the Satavahanas patrons?
Answer: Hinduism and Buddhism
Question: What did the Satavahanas issue embossed with their king's head?
Answer: coins
Question: When was the Satavahana Empire divided into smaller states?
Answer: 3rd century CE
Question: From what did the Satavahana Empire protect much of India?
Answer: foreign invaders |
Context: Socialism confronted consumerism in the chain State Department Stores (GUM), set up by Lenin in 1921 as a model retail enterprise. It operated stores throughout Russia and targeted consumers across class, gender, and ethnic lines. GUM was designed to advance the Bolsheviks' goals of eliminating private enterprise and rebuilding consumerism along socialist lines, as well as democratizing consumption for workers and peasants nationwide. GUM became a major propaganda purveyor, with advertising and promotional campaigns that taught Russians the goals of the regime and attempted to inculcate new attitudes and behavior. In trying to create a socialist consumer culture from scratch, GUM recast the functions and meanings of buying and selling, turning them into politically charged acts that could either contribute to or delay the march toward utopian communism. By the late 1920s, however, GUM's gandiose goals had proven unrealistic and largely alienated consumers, who instead learned a culture of complaint and entitlement. GUM's main function became one of distributing whatever the factories sent them, regardless of consumer demand or quality.
Question: What group was established in 1921 in response to the clash between socialism and consumerism?
Answer: State Department Stores (GUM)
Question: When did GUM begin to decline and lose power?
Answer: late 1920s
Question: Who formed the State Department Stores, AKA GUM?
Answer: Lenin
Question: When did they first establish the organization?
Answer: 1921
Question: What group was established in 1912 in response to the clash between socialism and consumerism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group was established in 1921 in response to the clash between communism and consumerism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did GUM stop declining and gained power?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who never formed the State Department Stores, AKA GUM?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did they last establish the organization?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Duplications play a major role in shaping the genome. Duplication may range from extension of short tandem repeats, to duplication of a cluster of genes, and all the way to duplication of entire chromosomes or even entire genomes. Such duplications are probably fundamental to the creation of genetic novelty.
Question: What type of generation of genetic material has a big part in making the genome what it is?
Answer: Duplications
Question: What is a possible product of duplications?
Answer: genetic novelty
Question: What role does genetic novelty play in the genome?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the first range of genetic novelty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are gene clusters a large part of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How far can genetic novelty go?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the first example of genetic novelty?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In June 2007, YouTube began trials of a system for automatic detection of uploaded videos that infringe copyright. Google CEO Eric Schmidt regarded this system as necessary for resolving lawsuits such as the one from Viacom, which alleged that YouTube profited from content that it did not have the right to distribute. The system, which became known as Content ID, creates an ID File for copyrighted audio and video material, and stores it in a database. When a video is uploaded, it is checked against the database, and flags the video as a copyright violation if a match is found.
Question: In 2007 youtube launched an automated system to detect what?
Answer: videos that infringe copyright
Question: Who was Google's CEO in 2007?
Answer: Eric Schmidt
Question: Why did the CEO of Google think the new software was necessary?
Answer: resolving lawsuits
Question: What is the name of the system that automatically detects copyright violations?
Answer: Content ID
Question: What does Content ID do if an upload is too close a match to a known copyright material?
Answer: flags the video
Question: Who is YouTube's CEO?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What system did Eric Schmidt come up with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Google begin trials of Content ID?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are released at synapses when an action potential activates them—neurotransmitters attach themselves to receptor molecules on the membrane of the synapse's target cell, and thereby alter the electrical or chemical properties of the receptor molecules. With few exceptions, each neuron in the brain releases the same chemical neurotransmitter, or combination of neurotransmitters, at all the synaptic connections it makes with other neurons; this rule is known as Dale's principle. Thus, a neuron can be characterized by the neurotransmitters that it releases. The great majority of psychoactive drugs exert their effects by altering specific neurotransmitter systems. This applies to drugs such as cannabinoids, nicotine, heroin, cocaine, alcohol, fluoxetine, chlorpromazine, and many others.
Question: Chemicals called neurotransmitters are released at what part of the brain?
Answer: synapses
Question: What do neurotransmitters attach to?
Answer: receptor molecules on the membrane of the synapse's target cell
Question: Neurons that release the same chemicals are following what rule?
Answer: Dale's principle |
Context: Schools called "technical institute" or "technical school" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated university colleges if they are associated with a local university.
Question: If a technical institute is affiliated with a local university, what does its designation become?
Answer: university colleges
Question: What century brought the advent of technical schools or technical institutes?
Answer: 20th century
Question: A student would attend a technical institute before a university or polytechnic but after what?
Answer: high school |
Context: The National History Museum of Montevideo is located in the historical residence of General Fructuoso Rivera. It exhibits artifacts related to the history of Uruguay. In a process begun in 1998, the National Museum of Natural History (1837) and the National Museum of Anthropology (1981), merged in 2001, becoming the National Museum of Natural History and Anthropology. In July 2009, the two institutions again became independent. The Historical Museum has annexed eight historical houses in the city, five of which are located in the Ciudad Vieja. One of them, on the same block with the main building, is the historic residence of Antonio Montero, which houses the Museo Romantico.
Question: The National History Museum of Montevideo is located where?
Answer: the historical residence of General Fructuoso Rivera
Question: What houses the Museo Romantico?
Answer: Antonio Montero
Question: How many houses has the Historical Museum annexed?
Answer: eight |
Context: But Bt cotton is ineffective against many cotton pests, however, such as plant bugs, stink bugs, and aphids; depending on circumstances it may still be desirable to use insecticides against these. A 2006 study done by Cornell researchers, the Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy and the Chinese Academy of Science on Bt cotton farming in China found that after seven years these secondary pests that were normally controlled by pesticide had increased, necessitating the use of pesticides at similar levels to non-Bt cotton and causing less profit for farmers because of the extra expense of GM seeds. However, a 2009 study by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Stanford University and Rutgers University refuted this. They concluded that the GM cotton effectively controlled bollworm. The secondary pests were mostly miridae (plant bugs) whose increase was related to local temperature and rainfall and only continued to increase in half the villages studied. Moreover, the increase in insecticide use for the control of these secondary insects was far smaller than the reduction in total insecticide use due to Bt cotton adoption. A 2012 Chinese study concluded that Bt cotton halved the use of pesticides and doubled the level of ladybirds, lacewings and spiders. The International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) said that, worldwide, GM cotton was planted on an area of 25 million hectares in 2011. This was 69% of the worldwide total area planted in cotton.
Question: In what year did a research study find that the use of Bt toxin plants failed to be effective after 7 years?
Answer: 2006
Question: On what did a 2009 study conclude that increased insects were dependent?
Answer: temperature and rainfall
Question: What did a 2012 study suggest was halved by the use of GM plants?
Answer: pesticides
Question: What did the 2012 study say was doubled by the use of GM cotton?
Answer: ladybirds, lacewings and spiders
Question: How much of the Earth's cotton crops are planted in GM cotton?
Answer: 69%
Question: On what did a 2009 study conclude that increased pests were dependent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did a 2012 study suggest was halved by the use of secondary plants?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the 2012 study say was doubled by the use of Chinese cotton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much of the Earth's cotton crops are planted in China?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much GM cotton was planted in 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Craig Venter and Francis Collins of the National Institute of Health jointly made the announcement of the mapping of the human genome in 2000. Upon examining the data from the genome mapping, Venter realized that although the genetic variation within the human species is on the order of 1–3% (instead of the previously assumed 1%), the types of variations do not support notion of genetically defined races. Venter said, "Race is a social concept. It's not a scientific one. There are no bright lines (that would stand out), if we could compare all the sequenced genomes of everyone on the planet." "When we try to apply science to try to sort out these social differences, it all falls apart."
Question: What organization is Craig Venter and Francis Collins associated with?
Answer: the National Institute of Health
Question: What year was the announcement that the human genome had been mapped made in?
Answer: 2000
Question: What doesn't the genetic variation within the human species support?
Answer: notion of genetically defined races
Question: What is a social concept, not a scientific one?
Answer: Race
Question: What happens when scientists try to apply science to sort out social differences?
Answer: it all falls apart |
Context: Both Rousseau and Locke's social contract theories rest on the presupposition of natural rights, which are not a result of law or custom, but are things that all men have in pre-political societies, and are therefore universal and inalienable. The most famous natural right formulation comes from John Locke in his Second Treatise, when he introduces the state of nature. For Locke the law of nature is grounded on mutual security, or the idea that one cannot infringe on another's natural rights, as every man is equal and has the same inalienable rights. These natural rights include perfect equality and freedom, and the right to preserve life and property. Locke also argued against slavery on the basis that enslaving yourself goes against the law of nature; you cannot surrender your own rights, your freedom is absolute and no one can take it from you. Additionally, Locke argues that one person cannot enslave another because it is morally reprehensible, although he introduces a caveat by saying that enslavement of a lawful captive in time of war would not go against one's natural rights.
Question: How does John Locke define mutual security?
Answer: the idea that one cannot infringe on another's natural rights
Question: What do Locke's idea of natural rights include?
Answer: perfect equality and freedom, and the right to preserve life and property
Question: Why did John Locke believe that one person cannot enslave another?
Answer: because it is morally reprehensible
Question: What was John Locke's one exception to denouncing slavery?
Answer: enslavement of a lawful captive in time of war would not go against one's natural rights
Question: In which of John Locke's works are natural rights most famously defined and discussed?
Answer: Second Treatise |
Context: On 7 June 1981, the Israeli air force destroyed Iraq's sole nuclear reactor, in order to impede Iraq's nuclear weapons program. The reactor was under construction just outside Baghdad. Following a series of PLO attacks in 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon that year to destroy the bases from which the PLO launched attacks and missiles into northern Israel. In the first six days of fighting, the Israelis destroyed the military forces of the PLO in Lebanon and decisively defeated the Syrians. An Israeli government inquiry – the Kahan Commission – would later hold Begin, Sharon and several Israeli generals as indirectly responsible for the Sabra and Shatila massacre. In 1985, Israel responded to a Palestinian terrorist attack in Cyprus by bombing the PLO headquarters in Tunis. Israel withdrew from most of Lebanon in 1986, but maintained a borderland buffer zone in southern Lebanon until 2000, from where Israeli forces engaged in conflict with Hezbollah.
Question: When did the Israeli air force destroy Iraq's sole nuclear reactor?
Answer: 7 June 1981
Question: Why did they destroy the nuclear reactor?
Answer: impede Iraq's nuclear weapons program
Question: What government inquiry held Begin?
Answer: Kahan Commission |
Context: On January 21, 1990, Rukh organized a 300-mile (480 km) human chain between Kiev, Lviv, and Ivano-Frankivsk. Hundreds of thousands joined hands to commemorate the proclamation of Ukrainian independence in 1918 and the reunification of Ukrainian lands one year later (1919 Unification Act). On January 23, 1990, the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church held its first synod since its liquidation by the Soviets in 1946 (an act which the gathering declared invalid). On February 9, 1990, the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice officially registered Rukh. However, the registration came too late for Rukh to stand its own candidates for the parliamentary and local elections on March 4. At the 1990 elections of people's deputies to the Supreme Council (Verkhovna Rada), candidates from the Democratic Bloc won landslide victories in western Ukrainian oblasts. A majority of the seats had to hold run-off elections. On March 18, Democratic candidates scored further victories in the run-offs. The Democratic Bloc gained about 90 out of 450 seats in the new parliament.
Question: How many miles long was the human chain?
Answer: 300
Question: Who organized this chain?
Answer: Rukh
Question: What country's independence were the chain members celebrating?
Answer: Ukrainian
Question: When had the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church been broken up by the Soviets?
Answer: 1946
Question: In 1990 which party had most of the election victories?
Answer: the Democratic Bloc |
Context: After their adoption, treaties as well as their amendments have to follow the official legal procedures of the United Nations, as applied by the Office of Legal Affairs, including signature, ratification and entry into force.
Question: Treaties and their amendments must follow the official legal procedures of what body after their adoption?
Answer: the United Nations
Question: Which office of the United Nations is in charge of applying its official legal procedures?
Answer: the Office of Legal Affairs
Question: When must all treaties and their amendments follow the official legal procedures of the United Nations?
Answer: After their adoption
Question: In addition to signature and ratification, what legal procedure of the United Nations must all treaties follow after their adoption?
Answer: entry into force
Question: What are three official legal procedures of the United Nations that all treaties must follow after their adoption?
Answer: signature, ratification and entry into force |
Context: Downstream operations, which now also includes the chemicals business, generates a third of Shell's profits worldwide and is known for its global network of more than 40,000 petrol stations and its 47 oil refineries. The downstream business, which in some countries also included oil refining, generally included a retail petrol station network, lubricants manufacture and marketing, industrial fuel and lubricants sales and a host of other product/market sectors such as LPG and bitumen. The practice in Shell was that these businesses were essentially local and that they were best managed by local "operating companies" – often with middle and senior management reinforced by expatriates. In the 1990s, this paradigm began to change, and the independence of operating companies around the world was gradually reduced. Today, virtually all of Shell's operations in various businesses are much more directly managed from London and The Hague. The autonomy of "operating companies" has been largely removed, as more "global businesses" have been created.
Question: Downstream operations currently includes what type of business?
Answer: chemicals
Question: Downstream operations produces what percent of Shell's profits worldwide?
Answer: a third
Question: How many petrol stationsare included in Shell's downstream operations global network?
Answer: more than 40,000
Question: Prior to the 1990s, Shell's downstream businesses were essentially considered what kind of businesses?
Answer: local
Question: In what way did the business paradigm of Shell's downstream operations begin to change?
Answer: the independence of operating companies around the world was gradually reduced
Question: How much of Shell's profits did Downstream account for in 1990?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Shell switch to treating businesses as local, independent companies?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many oil refineries does Shell have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many total petrol stations does Shell have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many of Shell's operations are controlled in London instead of Hague?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the American Revolutionary War, Fort Watauga at Sycamore Shoals (in present-day Elizabethton) was attacked (1776) by Dragging Canoe and his warring faction of Cherokee who were aligned with the British Loyalists. These renegade Cherokee were referred to by settlers as the Chickamauga. They opposed North Carolina's annexation of the Washington District and the concurrent settling of the Transylvania Colony further north and west. The lives of many settlers were spared from the initial warrior attacks through the warnings of Dragging Canoe's cousin, Nancy Ward. The frontier fort on the banks of the Watauga River later served as a 1780 staging area for the Overmountain Men in preparation to trek over the Appalachian Mountains, to engage, and to later defeat the British Army at the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina.
Question: What did American settlers call the Cherokee who attacked Fort Watuaga in 1776?
Answer: the Chickamauga
Question: Who lead the Cherokee attack on Fort Watuaga in 1776?
Answer: Dragging Canoe
Question: What was the name of the Chickamauga leader's cousin who helped settlers escape his raids?
Answer: Nancy Ward
Question: Who left Fort Watuaga, crossed the Appalachians, and attacked the British army in South Carolina in 1780?
Answer: Overmountain Men
Question: Who lost the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina?
Answer: the British Army |
Context: Quite a few words from the variety of Old Chinese spoken in the state of Wu (where the ancestral language of Min and Wu dialect families originated and which was likely influenced by the Chinese spoken in the state of Chu which itself was not founded by Chinese speakers),[citation needed] and later words from Middle Chinese as well, have retained the original meanings in Hokkien, while many of their counterparts in Mandarin Chinese have either fallen out of daily use, have been substituted with other words (some of which are borrowed from other languages while others are new developments), or have developed newer meanings. The same may be said of Hokkien as well, since some lexical meaning evolved in step with Mandarin while others are wholly innovative developments.
Question: Where did the language of Min and Wu dialects originate?
Answer: in the state of Wu
Question: Chinese spoken in Wu was influenced by Chinese spoken where?
Answer: the state of Chu
Question: Many middle chinese words have retained their meanings in Hokkein but not in what?
Answer: Mandarin Chinese
Question: What location did the language of Mandarin Chinese originate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What state was not founded by Hokkien?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one thing that has happened to the Old Chinese counterparts?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What changes have happened to Wu compared to Mandarin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Many lexical meaning words have stayed the same in Hokkien but not in what language?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The 1961 volcanic eruption destroyed the Tristan da Cunha canned crawfish factory, which was rebuilt a short time later. The crawfish catchers and processors work for the South African company Ovenstone, which has an exclusive contract to sell crawfish to the United States and Japan. Even though Tristan da Cunha is a UK overseas territory, it is not permitted direct access to European Union markets. Recent[clarification needed] economic conditions have meant that the islanders have had to draw from their reserves. The islands' financial problems may cause delays in updating communication equipment and improving education on the island. The fire of 13 February 2008 (see History) resulted in major temporary economic disruption.
Question: Which South African Company was destroyed by a 1961 volcanic eruption?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who has exclusive rights to sell crawfish to the US and UK?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the UK an overseas territory of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What may expedite the updating of communication equipment on the island?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What may expedite the improving of education on the island?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Although it is said that the "dog is man's best friend" regarding 17–24% of dogs in the developed countries, in the developing world they are feral, village or community dogs, with pet dogs uncommon. These live their lives as scavengers and have never been owned by humans, with one study showing their most common response when approached by strangers was to run away (52%) or respond with aggression (11%). We know little about these dogs, nor about the dogs that live in developed countries that are feral, stray or are in shelters, yet the great majority of modern research on dog cognition has focused on pet dogs living in human homes.
Question: When these feral dogs are approached by a person, they tend to do this 52% of the time?
Answer: run away
Question: When these feral dogs are approached by a person, they tend to do this 11% of the time?
Answer: respond with aggression
Question: Dog cognition has been studied on what kind of dogs?
Answer: pet dogs living in human homes. |
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