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Context: The Israeli Space Agency coordinates all Israeli space research programs with scientific and commercial goals. In 2012 Israel was ranked ninth in the world by the Futron's Space Competitiveness Index. Israel is one of only seven countries that both build their own satellites and launch their own launchers. The Shavit is a space launch vehicle produced by Israel to launch small satellites into low earth orbit. It was first launched in 1988, making Israel the eighth nation to have a space launch capability. Shavit rockets are launched from the spaceport at the Palmachim Airbase by the Israeli Space Agency. Since 1988 Israel Aerospace Industries have indigenously designed and built at least 13 commercial, research and spy satellites. Some of Israel's satellites are ranked among the world's most advanced space systems. In 2003, Ilan Ramon became Israel's first astronaut, serving as payload specialist of STS-107, the fatal mission of the Space Shuttle Columbia.
Question: What coordinates with all Israeli space research programs?
Answer: Israeli Space Agency
Question: Futron's Space Competitiveness Index ranked Israel what in 2012?
Answer: ninth in the world
Question: When did Israel launch it's first satellite?
Answer: 1988 |
Context: The Russian army withdrew and retreated past Moscow. Napoleon entered the city, assuming its fall would end the war and Alexander would negotiate peace. However, on orders of the city's governor Feodor Rostopchin, rather than capitulation, Moscow was burned. After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left. In early November Napoleon got concerned about loss of control back in France after the Malet coup of 1812. His army walked through snow up to their knees and nearly 10,000 men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November alone. After Battle of Berezina Napoleon succeeded to escape but had to abandon much of the remaining artillery and baggage train. On 5 December, shortly before arriving in Vilnius, Napoleon left the army in a sledge.
Question: When Napoleon entered Moscow, he expected an offer of peace from whom?
Answer: Alexander
Question: What was the name of the governor who ordered the burning of Moscow?
Answer: Feodor Rostopchin
Question: How long did Napoleon stay in Moscow before leaving?
Answer: five weeks
Question: What 1812 event turned Napoleon's attention back to France?
Answer: the Malet coup
Question: Approximately how many French men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November?
Answer: 10,000 |
Context: From the 9th century, the Pecheneg nomads began an uneasy relationship with Kievan Rus′. For over two centuries they launched sporadic raids into the lands of Rus′, which sometimes escalated into full-scale wars (such as the 920 war on the Pechenegs by Igor of Kiev reported in the Primary Chronicle), but there were also temporary military alliances (e.g. the 943 Byzantine campaign by Igor). In 968, the Pechenegs attacked and besieged the city of Kiev. Some speculation exists that the Pechenegs drove off the Tivertsi and the Ulichs to the regions of the upper Dniester river in Bukovina. The Byzantine Empire was known to support the Pechenegs in their military campaigns against the Eastern Slavic states.[citation needed]
Question: How early did the relationship begin between the Pecheneg and the Rus?
Answer: 9th century
Question: What did the Pecheneg frequesntly do over the span of two centuries?
Answer: sporadic raids into the lands of Rus
Question: What year did the Pechenges attack the city of Kiev?
Answer: 968
Question: Whichgroup was known to support the Pecheneges in their military efforts?
Answer: Byzantine Empire
Question: How late did the relationship between the Pecheneg and the Rus begin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Pecheneg frequently not do over the span of two centuries?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did not escalate in full scale wars?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did the Pecheneg war begin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did Pechenegs make peace with the city of Kiev?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), located in Mexico City, is the largest university on the continent, with more than 300,000 students from all backgrounds. Three Nobel laureates, several Mexican entrepreneurs and most of Mexico's modern-day presidents are among its former students. UNAM conducts 50% of Mexico's scientific research and has presence all across the country with satellite campuses, observatories and research centres. UNAM ranked 74th in the Top 200 World University Ranking published by Times Higher Education (then called Times Higher Education Supplement) in 2006, making it the highest ranked Spanish-speaking university in the world. The sprawling main campus of the university, known as Ciudad Universitaria, was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2007.
Question: What university is the largest of the continent?
Answer: The National Autonomous University of Mexico
Question: How many students attend UNAM?
Answer: 300,000
Question: What percent of scientific research is done at UNAM?
Answer: 50
Question: What worldwide ranking does UNAM hold?
Answer: 74th
Question: What is the main campus of UNAM called?
Answer: Ciudad Universitaria |
Context: After the People's Republic of China took control of Mainland China in 1949, the Republic of China government based in Taiwan continued to control the Dachen Islands off the coast of Zhejiang until 1955, even establishing a rival Zhejiang provincial government there, creating a situation similar to Fujian province today. During the Cultural Revolution (1966–76), Zhejiang was in chaos and disunity, and its economy was stagnant, especially during the high tide (1966–69) of the revolution. The agricultural policy favoring grain production at the expense of industrial and cash crops intensified economic hardships in the province. Mao’s self-reliance policy and the reduction in maritime trade cut off the lifelines of the port cities of Ningbo and Wenzhou. While Mao invested heavily in railroads in interior China, no major railroads were built in South Zhejiang, where transportation remained poor.
Question: When did the People's Republic of China take control of Mainland China?
Answer: 1949
Question: When did the Republic of China control the Dachen Islands until?
Answer: 1955
Question: When was the Cultural Revolution?
Answer: 1966–76
Question: When was the high tide of the Cultural Revolution?
Answer: 1966–69
Question: What production did the agricultural policy favor over industrial and cash crops?
Answer: grain
Question: What happened in 1944?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened in 1956?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened from 1955-1977?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the low tide of the cultural revolution?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The "snug", sometimes called the smoke room, was typically a small, very private room with access to the bar that had a frosted glass external window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous.
Question: What is another name for the smoke room?
Answer: snug
Question: What was the relationship between the price of beer in the smoke room versus the rest of the bar?
Answer: higher
Question: Along with the local police, what profession is given as an example of someone who might use the snug?
Answer: the parish priest
Question: What were the windows in the snug made out of?
Answer: frosted glass |
Context: A study published in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013 revealed the finding that the flavour of beer alone could provoke dopamine activity in the brain of the male participants, who wanted to drink more as a result. The 49 men in the study were subject to positron emission tomography scans, while a computer-controlled device sprayed minute amounts of beer, water and a sports drink onto their tongues. Compared with the taste of the sports drink, the taste of beer significantly increased the participants desire to drink. Test results indicated that the flavour of the beer triggered a dopamine release, even though alcohol content in the spray was insufficient for the purpose of becoming intoxicated.
Question: What hormone can be triggered by the flavor of beer alone in males?
Answer: dopamine
Question: What year did the Neuropsychopharmacology journal publist a study about the effect on the brain of beers flavor?
Answer: 2013
Question: What taste could significantly impact a man's desire to drink?
Answer: beer
Question: How many men were studied for tests on the flavor of beer in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013?
Answer: 49
Question: What did a 2031 study reveal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What journal published the study about the 94 men?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What taste increased participants desire to drink compared with beer?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many modern specialty matches have been devised, with unique winning conditions. The most common of these is the ladder match. In the basic ladder match, the wrestlers or teams of wrestlers must climb a ladder to obtain a prize that is hoisted above the ring. The key to winning this match is that the wrestler or team of wrestlers must try to incapacitate each other long enough for one wrestler to climb the ladder and secure that prize for their team. As a result, the ladder can be used as a weapon. The prizes include – but are not limited to any given championship belt (the traditional prize), a document granting the winner the right to a future title shot, or any document that matters to the wrestlers involved in the match (such as one granting the winner a cash prize). Another common specialty match is known as the battle royal. In a battle royal, all the wrestlers enter the ring to the point that there are 20-30 wrestlers in the ring at one time. When the match begins, the simple objective is to throw the opponent over the top rope and out of the ring with both feet on the floor in order to eliminate that opponent. The last wrestler standing is declared the winner. A variant on this type of match is the WWE's Royal Rumble where two wrestlers enter the ring to start the match and other wrestlers follow in 90 second intervals (previously 2 minutes) until 30-40 wrestlers have entered the ring. All other rules stay the same. For more match types, see Professional wrestling match types.
Question: What is the most common of the special matches?
Answer: The most common of these is the ladder match
Question: What must the wrestlers do in a ladder match?
Answer: In the basic ladder match, the wrestlers or teams of wrestlers must climb a ladder to obtain a prize that is hoisted above the ring.
Question: How does one win a ladder match?
Answer: the wrestler or team of wrestlers must try to incapacitate each other long enough for one wrestler to climb the ladder and secure that prize for their team.
Question: What is a common prize in a ladder match?
Answer: championship belt
Question: How many wrestlers are in a standard battle royal match?
Answer: 20-30 wrestlers |
Context: Nintendo staff members reported that demo users complained about the difficulty of the control scheme. Aonuma realized that his team had implemented Wii controls under the mindset of "forcing" users to adapt, instead of making the system intuitive and easy to use. He began rethinking the controls with Miyamoto to focus on comfort and ease.[q] The camera movement was reworked and item controls were changed to avoid accidental button presses.[r] In addition, the new item system required use of the button that had previously been used for the sword. To solve this, sword controls were transferred back to gestures—something E3 attendees had commented they would like to see. This reintroduced the problem of using a right-handed swing to control a left-handed sword attack. The team did not have enough time before release to rework Link's character model, so they instead flipped the entire game—everything was made a mirror image.[s] Link was now right-handed, and references to "east" and "west" were switched around. The GameCube version, however, was left with the original orientation. The Twilight Princess player's guide focuses on the Wii version, but has a section in the back with mirror-image maps for GameCube users.[t]
Question: What did early users find hard to use about the game?
Answer: control scheme
Question: Using items in the game took over the controls used for what weapon?
Answer: sword
Question: Who wanted gestures implemented for sword control?
Answer: E3 attendees
Question: When Twilight Princess was finally released for Wii, in what hand did Link wield his sword?
Answer: right
Question: What features did Aonuma work to improve after the demo complaints?
Answer: comfort and ease
Question: What did early users find hard to use about the sword?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Using a left-handed swing in the game took over the controls used for what weapon
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who wanted gestures implemented for hand control?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When Twilight Princess was finally released for Wii, in what hand did Aonuma wield his sword?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What features did Aonuma work to improve after Miyamoto's complaints?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 2005, Apple faced two lawsuits claiming patent infringement by the iPod line and its associated technologies: Advanced Audio Devices claimed the iPod line breached its patent on a "music jukebox", while a Hong Kong-based IP portfolio company called Pat-rights filed a suit claiming that Apple's FairPlay technology breached a patent issued to inventor Ho Keung Tse. The latter case also includes the online music stores of Sony, RealNetworks, Napster, and Musicmatch as defendants.
Question: In what year did Apple face multiple intellectual property lawsuits?
Answer: 2005
Question: What did the 2005 lawsuits accuse Apple of doing?
Answer: patent infringement
Question: What other companies were named in the suit filed by Pat-rights?
Answer: Sony, RealNetworks, Napster, and Musicmatch
Question: On whose behalf did Pat-rights take Apple to court?
Answer: Ho Keung Tse
Question: Which company sued Apple for breach of a "music jukebox" patent in 2005?
Answer: Advanced Audio Devices
Question: Which Apple technology did Pat-rights complain breached their patent in a lawsuit?
Answer: FairPlay |
Context: At the same time, naval innovations led to a German domination of trade in the Baltic Sea and parts of Eastern Europe through the Hanseatic League. Along the trade routes, Hanseatic trade stations became centers of the German culture. German town law (Stadtrecht) was promoted by the presence of large, relatively wealthy German populations, their influence and political power. Thus people who would be considered "Germans", with a common culture, language, and worldview different from that of the surrounding rural peoples, colonized trading towns as far north of present-day Germany as Bergen (in Norway), Stockholm (in Sweden), and Vyborg (now in Russia). The Hanseatic League was not exclusively German in any ethnic sense: many towns who joined the league were outside the Holy Roman Empire and a number of them may only loosely be characterized as German. The Empire itself was not entirely German either. It had a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual structure, some of the smaller ethnicities and languages used at different times were Dutch, Italian, French, Czech and Polish.
Question: German's domination of trade in the Eastern Europe was credited to what?
Answer: naval innovations
Question: Because of the increased trade what places became the hubs of German culture?
Answer: Hanseatic trade stations
Question: What was promoted due to wealth and power of the German families?
Answer: Stadtrecht
Question: the holy roman empire due to its many different conquests was seen as what type of society?
Answer: multi-ethnic and multi-lingual
Question: What helped the Germans dominate trade?
Answer: naval innovations
Question: What is the German work for German town law?
Answer: Stadtrecht
Question: Was the Hanseatic league exclusively German?
Answer: The Hanseatic League was not exclusively German
Question: What other ethnicities, besides German were part of The Empire?
Answer: Dutch, Italian, French, Czech and Polish
Question: What lead to the defeat of the Hanseatic League?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of law was opposed by wealthy Germans?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What empire did members of the Hanseatic League come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Empire was ethnically German?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In England, Presbyterianism was established in secret in 1592. Thomas Cartwright is thought to be the first Presbyterian in England. Cartwright's controversial lectures at Cambridge University condemning the episcopal hierarchy of the Elizabethan Church led to his deprivation of his post by Archbishop John Whitgift and his emigration abroad. Between 1645 and 1648, a series of ordinances of the Long Parliament established Presbyterianism as the polity of the Church of England. Presbyterian government was established in London and Lancashire and in a few other places in England, although Presbyterian hostility to the execution of Charles I and the establishment of the republican Commonwealth of England meant that Parliament never enforced the Presbyterian system in England. The re-establishment of the monarchy in 1660 brought the return of Episcopal church government in England (and in Scotland for a short time); but the Presbyterian church in England continued in Non-Conformity, outside of the established church. In 1719 a major split, the Salter's Hall controversy, occurred; with the majority siding with nontrinitarian views. Thomas Bradbury published several sermons bearing on the controversy, and in 1719, "An answer to the reproaches cast on the dissenting ministers who subscribed their belief of the Eternal Trinity.". By the 18th century many English Presbyterian congregations had become Unitarian in doctrine.
Question: In what year was the Presbyterianism church formed in England?
Answer: 1592
Question: Who was the first known Presbyterian in England?
Answer: Thomas Cartwright
Question: Between what years were the ordinances enacted Presbyterianism as the polity of the Church of England?
Answer: 1645 and 1648
Question: In what year did Salter's Hall controversy, occur that would lead to a split?
Answer: 1719
Question: When did the result in English Presbyterian congregations becomingUnitarian in doctrine?
Answer: 18th century
Question: In which year was the Church of England established in secret?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which religion was established in secret in 1660?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Lancashire secretly establish Presbyterianism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who gave controversial lectures at Parliament University?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was reestablished in 1719?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On May 20, 1971, his brother, Meinhard, died in a car accident. Meinhard had been drinking and was killed instantly. Schwarzenegger did not attend his funeral. Meinhard was due to marry Erika Knapp, and the couple had a three-year-old son, Patrick. Schwarzenegger would pay for Patrick's education and help him to emigrate to the United States. Gustav died the following year from a stroke. In Pumping Iron, Schwarzenegger claimed that he did not attend his father's funeral because he was training for a bodybuilding contest. Later, he and the film's producer said this story was taken from another bodybuilder for the purpose of showing the extremes that some would go to for their sport and to make Schwarzenegger's image more cold and machine-like in order to fan controversy for the film. Barbara Baker, his first serious girlfriend, has said he informed her of his father's death without emotion and that he never spoke of his brother. Over time, he has given at least three versions of why he was absent from his father's funeral.
Question: What year did Schwarzenegger's brother die?
Answer: 1971
Question: What is Meinhard's son named?
Answer: Patrick
Question: What caused Schwarzenegger's father Gustav's death?
Answer: stroke
Question: Who was the first woman Schwarzenegger was serious about?
Answer: Barbara Baker |
Context: The term szlachta is derived from the Old High German word slahta (modern German Geschlecht), which means "(noble) family", much as many other Polish words pertaining to the nobility derive from German words—e.g., the Polish "rycerz" ("knight", cognate of the German "Ritter") and the Polish "herb" ("coat of arms", from the German "Erbe", "heritage").
Question: What german word does the term szlachta come from?
Answer: slahta
Question: What does slahta mean?
Answer: "(noble) family"
Question: What is the polish name for knight?
Answer: rycerz
Question: German name for knight?
Answer: Ritter
Question: Where does the word her derive from in german?
Answer: Erbe |
Context: Additionally, cable-ready TV sets can display HD content without using an external box. They have a QAM tuner built-in and/or a card slot for inserting a CableCARD.
Question: HD content can be displayed by cable-ready TVs without using what?
Answer: an external box
Question: Without using an external box, cable-ready TVs can display what?
Answer: HD content
Question: What features allow the cable-ready TVs to display HD content without an external box?
Answer: a QAM tuner built-in and/or a card slot for inserting a CableCARD
Question: What kind of built-in tuner will allow a cable-ready TV to display HD content without an external box?
Answer: QAM
Question: What kind of card will allow a cable-ready TV to display HD content without an external box?
Answer: CableCARD
Question: SD content can be displayed by cable-ready TVs without using what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Without using an internal box, cable-ready TVs can display what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What features allow the cable-ready TVs to display HD content without an internal box?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of built-in tuner will allow a cable-ready TV to display HD content without an intenal box?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of card will allow a cable-ready TV to display HD content without an external box?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiographical books Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! and What Do You Care What Other People Think? and books written about him, such as Tuva or Bust! and Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman by James Gleick.
Question: What was the name of Feynman's 1959 talk on nanotech?
Answer: There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom
Question: What was the name of Feynman's lectures he made as an undergraduate?
Answer: The Feynman Lectures on Physics
Question: What was the name of one of his semi-autobiographical books?
Answer: Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!
Question: What book did James Gleck write about Feynman?
Answer: Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman
Question: Feynman wrote many books and gave many ___
Answer: lectures
Question: What was the name of Feynman's 1969 talk on nanotech?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of Feynman's lectures he made as a graduate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of one of his fiction books?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What book did John Gleck write about Feynman?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did Feynman lose credit for his writing?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Throughout the universe, hydrogen is mostly found in the atomic and plasma states whose properties are quite different from molecular hydrogen. As a plasma, hydrogen's electron and proton are not bound together, resulting in very high electrical conductivity and high emissivity (producing the light from the Sun and other stars). The charged particles are highly influenced by magnetic and electric fields. For example, in the solar wind they interact with the Earth's magnetosphere giving rise to Birkeland currents and the aurora. Hydrogen is found in the neutral atomic state in the interstellar medium. The large amount of neutral hydrogen found in the damped Lyman-alpha systems is thought to dominate the cosmological baryonic density of the Universe up to redshift z=4.
Question: In what states is hydrogen mostly found in the universe?
Answer: atomic and plasma
Question: Hydrogens electron and proton are not bound together in what state?
Answer: plasma
Question: in the interstellar medium, what state is hydrogen in?
Answer: neutral atomic state
Question: The neutral hydrogen found in the damped Lyman-alpha systems dominates what?
Answer: cosmological baryonic density of the Universe |
Context: A zygote initially develops into a hollow sphere, called a blastula, which undergoes rearrangement and differentiation. In sponges, blastula larvae swim to a new location and develop into a new sponge. In most other groups, the blastula undergoes more complicated rearrangement. It first invaginates to form a gastrula with a digestive chamber, and two separate germ layers — an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm. In most cases, a mesoderm also develops between them. These germ layers then differentiate to form tissues and organs.
Question: What is the hollow sphere that a zygote initially develops into called?
Answer: blastula
Question: In sponges, how do blastula develop into a new sponge?
Answer: swim to a new location
Question: What are the 2 germ layers formed by most blastula?
Answer: an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm
Question: What may be formed between the external ectoderm and an internal endoderm layers?
Answer: mesoderm
Question: What do the external ectoderm and an internal endoderm layers develop into?
Answer: tissues and organs |
Context: During the last three minutes of a half, the penalty for failure to place the ball in play within the 20-second play clock, known as "time count" (this foul is known as "delay of game" in American football), is dramatically different from during the first 27 minutes. Instead of the penalty being 5 yards with the down repeated, the base penalty (except during convert attempts) becomes loss of down on first or second down, and 10 yards on third down with the down repeated. In addition, as noted previously, the referee can give possession to the defence for repeated deliberate time count violations on third down.
Question: At which point in a game is the time the offence takes to put the ball in play measured?
Answer: last three minutes of a half
Question: How many seconds elapse before a time count penalty is assessed?
Answer: 20
Question: What is the penalty for a time count on the first two downs?
Answer: loss of down
Question: Who can turn the ball over to the other side if an offensive team incurs too many time count violations?
Answer: referee
Question: How many yards does the offense lose for a time count on third down?
Answer: 10
Question: What is the penalty in American football for not having the down repeated within 20 seconds?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the penalty for convert attempts on the first two downs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: For what violation can the referee give the base penalty to the defense?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many yards does the loss of down lose on third down?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what down can the 20 second play clock give possession to the defense?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Forbes 400 survey estimated in 2004 that Teresa Heinz Kerry had a net worth of $750 million. However, estimates have frequently varied, ranging from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion, according to a study in the Los Angeles Times. Regardless of which figure is correct, Kerry was the wealthiest U.S. Senator while serving in the Senate. Independent of Heinz, Kerry is wealthy in his own right, and is the beneficiary of at least four trusts inherited from Forbes family relatives, including his mother, Rosemary Forbes Kerry, who died in 2002. Forbes magazine (named for the Forbes family of publishers, unrelated to Kerry) estimated that if elected, and if Heinz family assets were included, Kerry would have been the third-richest U.S. President in history, when adjusted for inflation. This assessment was based on Heinz and Kerry's combined assets, but the couple signed a prenuptial agreement that keeps their assets separate. Kerry's financial disclosure form for 2011 put his personal assets in the range of $230,000,000 to $320,000,000, including the assets of his spouse and any dependent children. This included slightly more than three million dollars worth of H. J. Heinz Company assets, which increased in value by over six hundred thousand dollars in 2013 when Berkshire Hathaway announced their intention to purchase the company.
Question: What was Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth in 2004 according to Forbes?
Answer: $750 million
Question: What range of estimates have been given for Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth?
Answer: from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion
Question: What was Kerry's mother's name?
Answer: Rosemary Forbes Kerry
Question: When did Kerry's mother pass away?
Answer: 2002
Question: Where would Kerry have ranked among richest US presidents, adjusted for inflation?
Answer: third-richest |
Context: As Charles Town grew, so did the community's cultural and social opportunities, especially for the elite merchants and planters. The first theatre building in America was built in 1736 on the site of today's Dock Street Theatre. Benevolent societies were formed by different ethnic groups, from French Huguenots to free people of color to Germans to Jews. The Charles Towne Library Society was established in 1748 by well-born young men who wanted to share the financial cost to keep up with the scientific and philosophical issues of the day. This group also helped establish the College of Charles Towne in 1770, the oldest college in South Carolina. Until its transition to state ownership in 1970, this was the oldest municipally supported college in the United States.
Question: What is the oldest college in South Carolina?
Answer: College of Charles Towne
Question: Charleston supported the College of Charles Towne until what year?
Answer: 1970
Question: What year was the Charles Towne Library Society established?
Answer: 1748
Question: When was the College of Charles Towe founded?
Answer: 1770
Question: What is located where the first theatre building in Charles Town once stood?
Answer: Dock Street Theatre
Question: What is the newest college in South Carolina?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Charleston never supported the College of Charles Towne until what year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the Charles Towne Library Society unestablished?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the College of Charles Towe unfounded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is located where the last theatre building in Charles Town once stood?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1838 the situation was slightly the same as in 1831. Muhammad Ali of Egypt was not happy about lack of his control and power in Syria, he resumed military actions. The Ottoman army lost to Egyptians at the Battle of Nezib on June 24, 1839. The Ottoman Empire was saved by Great Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia by signing a convention in London in July 15, 1840 to grant Muhammad Ali and his descendants the right to inherit power in Egypt in exchange for removal of Egyptian military forces from Syria and Lebanon. Moreover, Muhammad Ali had to admit a formal dependence from the Ottoman sultan. After Muhammad Ali refused to obey the requirements of the London convention, the allied Anglo-Austrian fleet blocked the Delta, bombarded Beirut and captured Acre. Muhammad Ali accepted the conditions of the London convention in 1840.
Question: In 1838, who was not pleased of their lack of power in Syria?
Answer: Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Question: Who did the Ottomans lose to at the Battle of Nezib?
Answer: Egyptians
Question: In what year did the Battle of Nezib take place?
Answer: 1839
Question: Who helped save the Ottomans by signing a convention in London?
Answer: Great Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia
Question: In what year did Muhammad Ali finally accept the terms of the London convention?
Answer: 1840 |
Context: Many mechanical aids to calculation and measurement were constructed for astronomical and navigation use. The planisphere was a star chart invented by Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī in the early 11th century. The astrolabe was invented in the Hellenistic world in either the 1st or 2nd centuries BC and is often attributed to Hipparchus. A combination of the planisphere and dioptra, the astrolabe was effectively an analog computer capable of working out several different kinds of problems in spherical astronomy. An astrolabe incorporating a mechanical calendar computer and gear-wheels was invented by Abi Bakr of Isfahan, Persia in 1235. Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī invented the first mechanical geared lunisolar calendar astrolabe, an early fixed-wired knowledge processing machine with a gear train and gear-wheels, circa 1000 AD.
Question: Who invented the planisphere?
Answer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
Question: Who is thought to have invented the astrolabe in history?
Answer: Hipparchus
Question: The astrolabe was a combination of what two devices in history?
Answer: the planisphere and dioptra
Question: The first astrolabe with gear-wheels was invented when?
Answer: 1235
Question: The first astrolabe with a mechanical calendar was invented where?
Answer: Persia |
Context: Some countries have multiple "supreme courts" whose respective jurisdictions have different geographical extents, or which are restricted to particular areas of law. In particular, countries with a federal system of government typically[citation needed] have both a federal supreme court (such as the Supreme Court of the United States), and supreme courts for each member state (such as the Supreme Court of Nevada), with the former having jurisdiction over the latter only to the extent that the federal constitution extends federal law over state law. Jurisdictions with a civil law system often have a hierarchy of administrative courts separate from the ordinary courts, headed by a supreme administrative court as it the case in the Netherlands. A number of jurisdictions also maintain a separate constitutional court (first developed in the Czechoslovak Constitution of 1920), such as Austria, France, Germany, Luxemburg, Portugal, Spain and South Africa.
Question: Countries with more than one supreme court may divide their primacy by what factors?
Answer: different geographical extents, or which are restricted to particular areas of law
Question: What is an example of the highest court in a federal system of government?
Answer: the Supreme Court of the United States
Question: What are some countries that have a separate supreme court to decide constitutional matters?
Answer: Austria, France, Germany, Luxemburg, Portugal, Spain and South Africa
Question: A court system with a hierarchy of different administrative courts occurs in what kind of legal system?
Answer: a civil law system
Question: How are some of the "federal court" jurisdictions divided?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What types of supreme courts to countries with a civil system of government have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What document was written in 1902?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do jurisdictions with a federal law system often have?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The OTG device with the A-plug inserted is called the A-device and is responsible for powering the USB interface when required and by default assumes the role of host. The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called the B-device and by default assumes the role of peripheral. An OTG device with no plug inserted defaults to acting as a B-device. If an application on the B-device requires the role of host, then the Host Negotiation Protocol (HNP) is used to temporarily transfer the host role to the B-device.
Question: The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called what?
Answer: B-device
Question: What does an OTG device default to with no plug inserted?
Answer: to acting as a B-device
Question: What is the A-device responsible for?
Answer: powering the USB interface when required |
Context: While the original Xbox sold poorly in Japan, selling just 2 million units while it was on the market (between 2002 and 2005),[citation needed] the Xbox 360 sold even more poorly, selling only 1.5 million units from 2005 to 2011. Edge magazine reported in August 2011 that initially lackluster and subsequently falling sales in Japan, where Microsoft had been unable to make serious inroads into the dominance of domestic rivals Sony and Nintendo, had led to retailers scaling down and in some cases discontinuing sales of the Xbox 360 completely.
Question: How did the original Xbox fare in Japan in general?
Answer: sold poorly
Question: How many original Xboxes were sold in Japan between 2002 and 2005?
Answer: 2 million units
Question: Between 2005 and 2011, how many 360 consoles were sold in Japan?
Answer: 1.5 million units
Question: What two console manufacturers dominate the Japanese market?
Answer: Sony and Nintendo
Question: Lackluster sales caused Japanese retailers to take what action with the 360?
Answer: scaling down and in some cases discontinuing sales
Question: Where did the Xbox sell exceptionally well?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many of the original Xbox sell between 2005 and 2011?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many units did Sony sell in 202 through 2005?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What console, released in 2005, did Sony create?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Edge report Sony sales were falling?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The mosaics of the Church of St Stephen in ancient Kastron Mefaa (now Umm ar-Rasas) were made in 785 (discovered after 1986). The perfectly preserved mosaic floor is the largest one in Jordan. On the central panel hunting and fishing scenes are depicted while another panel illustrates the most important cities of the region. The frame of the mosaic is especially decorative. Six mosaic masters signed the work: Staurachios from Esbus, Euremios, Elias, Constantinus, Germanus and Abdela. It overlays another, damaged, mosaic floor of the earlier (587) "Church of Bishop Sergius." Another four churches were excavated nearby with traces of mosaic decoration.
Question: Where would the Church of St Stephen be located today?
Answer: Umm ar-Rasas
Question: When were the mosaics in the Church of St Stephen created?
Answer: in 785
Question: When were the mosaics in the Church of St Stephen re-discovered?
Answer: 1986
Question: The mosaic floor in the Church of St Stephen is the largest in what country?
Answer: Jordan
Question: How many artists signed the frame of the mosaic at the Church of St Stephen?
Answer: Six |
Context: Times Atlases have been produced since 1895. They are currently produced by the Collins Bartholomew imprint of HarperCollins Publishers. The flagship product is The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World.
Question: The Times began producing what kind of non-newspaper product in 1895?
Answer: Atlases
Question: What publisher prints The Times atlas?
Answer: HarperCollins Publishers
Question: What is the name of The Times' atlas?
Answer: The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World |
Context: Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which derived the Old French pole antartike (modern pôle antarctique) attested in 1270, and from there the Middle English pol antartik in a 1391 technical treatise by Geoffrey Chaucer (modern Antarctic Pole).
Question: Who wrote a book describing a cold region in 350 B.C.?
Answer: Aristotle
Question: What map maker used the name Antarctica in his map of the 2nd century A.D.?
Answer: Marinus of Tyre
Question: What did authors Hyginus and Apuleious call the South Pole?
Answer: polus antarcticus
Question: What did Chaucer call the area in 1391?
Answer: pol antartik
Question: What was the old French words for the Antarctic?
Answer: pole antartike
Question: Who wrote about an Antarctic region in the third century B.C?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who's map is still preserved from the 2nd century A.D
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Greek authors used the term polus anarcticus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who refered to the South Pole as Antarctic Pole in the 13th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What book did Aristotle write in the 3rd century B.C.
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Aristotle write in 530 B.C.?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Roman name for the South Pole?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who used Meteorology in his preserved world map?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Tyre of Marinus produce?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Baltic Way or Baltic Chain (also Chain of Freedom Estonian: Balti kett, Latvian: Baltijas ceļš, Lithuanian: Baltijos kelias, Russian: Балтийский путь) was a peaceful political demonstration on August 23, 1989. An estimated 2 million people joined hands to form a human chain extending 600 kilometres (370 mi) across Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, which had been forcibly reincorporated into the Soviet Union in 1944. The colossal demonstration marked the 50th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact that divided Eastern Europe into spheres of influence and led to the occupation of the Baltic states in 1940.
Question: How many people were involved in the Baltic Chain?
Answer: estimated 2 million
Question: How long was the chain?
Answer: 600 kilometres
Question: What states did the chain extend over?
Answer: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
Question: What anniversary did the chain take place on?
Answer: 50th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
Question: What part of Europe was split up by the pact?
Answer: Eastern |
Context: London is one of the major classical and popular music capitals of the world and is home to major music corporations, such as EMI and Warner Music Group as well as countless bands, musicians and industry professionals. The city is also home to many orchestras and concert halls, such as the Barbican Arts Centre (principal base of the London Symphony Orchestra and the London Symphony Chorus), Cadogan Hall (Royal Philharmonic Orchestra) and the Royal Albert Hall (The Proms). London's two main opera houses are the Royal Opera House and the London Coliseum. The UK's largest pipe organ is at the Royal Albert Hall. Other significant instruments are at the cathedrals and major churches. Several conservatoires are within the city: Royal Academy of Music, Royal College of Music, Guildhall School of Music and Drama and Trinity Laban.
Question: What musical instrument is situated at Royal Albert Hall?
Answer: The UK's largest pipe organ
Question: London-based EMI is a corporation focused on what industry?
Answer: music
Question: In which facility is the London Symphony Orchestra based?
Answer: the Barbican Arts Centre
Question: What are the names of London's two primary opera houses?
Answer: the Royal Opera House and the London Coliseum
Question: Royal Academy of Music and Royal College of Music are examples of what?
Answer: conservatoires |
Context: The Soviet Union, which feared Western powers and the possibility of "capitalist encirclements", had little faith either that war could be avoided, or faith in the Polish army, and wanted nothing less than an ironclad military alliance with France and Britain that would provide a guaranteed support for a two-pronged attack on Germany; thus, Stalin's adherence to the collective security line was purely conditional. Britain and France believed that war could still be avoided, and that the Soviet Union, weakened by the Great Purge, could not be a main military participant, a point that many military sources were at variance with, especially Soviet victories over the Japanese Kwantung army on the Manchurian frontier. France was more anxious to find an agreement with the USSR than was Britain; as a continental power, it was more willing to make concessions, more fearful of the dangers of an agreement between the USSR and Germany. These contrasting attitudes partly explain why the USSR has often been charged with playing a double game in 1939: carrying on open negotiations for an alliance with Britain and France while secretly considering propositions from Germany.
Question: Why did the Soviet government fear the governments of France and Britain?
Answer: capitalist encirclements
Question: Why did western power believe that the soviet government wouldn’t partake in another world war?
Answer: Great Purge
Question: What country was at war with Japan in China prior to World War II?
Answer: Soviet Union
Question: Who was afraid of a pact between Germany and the Soviet governments?
Answer: France
Question: Why didn't the Soviet government fear the governments of France and Britain?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did the Soviet government embrace the governments of France and Britain?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did eastern power believe that the soviet government wouldn’t partake in another world war?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country was at war with Japan in China prior to World War I?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who embraced of a pact between Germany and the Soviet governments?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Maas comments further that "A dictation revised by the author must be regarded as equivalent to an autograph manuscript". The lack of autograph manuscripts applies to many cultures other than Greek and Roman. In such a situation, a key objective becomes the identification of the first exemplar before any split in the tradition. That exemplar is known as the archetype. "If we succeed in establishing the text of [the archetype], the constitutio (reconstruction of the original) is considerably advanced.
Question: What is the first goal when attempting to analyze a new text?
Answer: identification of the first exemplar
Question: Why is finding the first exemplar important in textual criticism?
Answer: split in the tradition
Question: The exemplar is otherwise known as what?
Answer: the archetype
Question: The final product of reconstruction is known as what?
Answer: the constitutio
Question: What is the second goal when attempting to analyze a new text?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why is finding the last exemplar important in textual criticism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The first product of reconstruction is known as what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The middle product of reconstruction is known as what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The final product of reconstruction is known as what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the constituent legislature or convention, the conservative and liberal elements formed using the nicknames of Chirrines and Cuchas. The military entered as a third party. The elections for the first regular legislature were disputed, and it was not until May 1, 1826, that the body was installed. The liberals gained control and the opposition responded by fomenting a conspiracy. This was promptly stopped with the aid of informers, and more strenuous measures were taken against the conservatives. Extra powers were conferred on the Durango governor, Santiago Baca Ortiz, deputy to the first national congress, and leader of the liberal party.
Question: Which nicknames were used to form the conservative and liberal elements?
Answer: Chirrines and Cuchas
Question: Which was the third party?
Answer: The military
Question: In which year was the body installed?
Answer: 1826
Question: Which party had gained control?
Answer: liberals
Question: Who was the Durango governor?
Answer: Santiago Baca Ortiz |
Context: The influence of Old Norse certainly helped move English from a synthetic language along the continuum to a more analytic word order, and Old Norse most likely made a greater impact on the English language than any other language. The eagerness of Vikings in the Danelaw to communicate with their southern Anglo-Saxon neighbors produced a friction that led to the erosion of the complicated inflectional word-endings. Simeon Potter notes: “No less far-reaching was the influence of Scandinavian upon the inflexional endings of English in hastening that wearing away and leveling of grammatical forms which gradually spread from north to south. It was, after all, a salutary influence. The gain was greater than the loss. There was a gain in directness, in clarity, and in strength.”
Question: What language had the greatest influence on English?
Answer: Old Norse
Question: What was the name of the area in England ruled by the Vikings?
Answer: the Danelaw
Question: Who argued that the influence of Old Norse caused English to become a clearer, stronger and more direct language?
Answer: Simeon Potter
Question: What parts of English grammar declined as a result of Old Norse influence?
Answer: word-endings
Question: What influence made English more of a synthetic language?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language had the most impact on other languages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did the Vikings stop using complicated word-endings?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Norse language gain clarity and directness from?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Juan Atkins, an originator of Detroit techno music, claims the term "house" reflected the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs; those records helped differentiate the clubs and DJs, and thus were considered to be their "house" records. In an effort to maintain such exclusives, the DJs were inspired to create their own "house" records.
Question: What is Juan Atkins an originator of?
Answer: Detroit techno music
Question: What did Atkins claim the term house reflected?
Answer: the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs
Question: Why were DJs inspired to create their own house records?
Answer: differentiate the clubs and DJs
Question: What is Juan House an originator of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did House claim the term house Atkins reflected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why were DJs inspired to create their own Atkins records?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the originator of DJ music?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Juan Atkins inspired to create?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Feathers require maintenance and birds preen or groom them daily, spending an average of around 9% of their daily time on this. The bill is used to brush away foreign particles and to apply waxy secretions from the uropygial gland; these secretions protect the feathers' flexibility and act as an antimicrobial agent, inhibiting the growth of feather-degrading bacteria. This may be supplemented with the secretions of formic acid from ants, which birds receive through a behaviour known as anting, to remove feather parasites.
Question: How often do birds groom their feathers?
Answer: daily
Question: What percentage of their day do birds groom their feathers?
Answer: 9%
Question: What do birds use to brush away foreign particles?
Answer: The bill
Question: What is the process of removing feather parasites?
Answer: anting |
Context: On 11 October 1951, the Wafd government abrogated the 1936 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty, which had given the British control over the Suez Canal until 1956. The popularity of this move, as well as that of government-sponsored guerrilla attacks against the British, put pressure on Nasser to act. According to Sadat, Nasser decided to wage "a large scale assassination campaign". In January 1952, he and Hassan Ibrahim attempted to kill the royalist general Hussein Sirri Amer by firing their submachine guns at his car as he drove through the streets of Cairo. Instead of killing the general, the attackers wounded an innocent female passerby. Nasser recalled that her wails "haunted" him and firmly dissuaded him from undertaking similar actions in the future.
Question: What treaty did the Wafd government abrogate?
Answer: Anglo-Egyptian Treaty
Question: Who did Nasser's group try to assassinate?
Answer: Hussein Sirri Amer
Question: Who helped Nasser with the assassination attempt?
Answer: Hassan Ibrahim
Question: What was general Amer's political affiliation?
Answer: royalist
Question: Who was wounded in the assassination attempt?
Answer: an innocent female passerby |
Context: Central, Western, and Balearic differ in the lexical incidence of stressed /e/ and /ɛ/. Usually, words with /ɛ/ in Central Catalan correspond to /ə/ in Balearic and /e/ in Western Catalan. Words with /e/ in Balearic almost always have /e/ in Central and Western Catalan as well.[vague] As a result, Central Catalan has a much higher incidence of /e/.
Question: What form has the same /e/ as Central and Western?
Answer: Balearic
Question: What vowel does Central have a larger occurrence of?
Answer: /e/
Question: What is the result of /e/ being the same in Central, Western and Belearic?
Answer: higher incidence |
Context: Argentine activists told a news conference that they would not try to snuff out the torch's flame as demonstrators had in Paris and London. "I want to announce that we will not put out the Olympic torch," said pro-Tibet activist Jorge Carcavallo. "We'll be carrying out surprise actions throughout the city of Buenos Aires, but all of these will be peaceful." Among other activities, protesters organized an alternative march that went from the Obelisk to the city hall, featuring their own "Human Rights Torch." A giant banner reading "Free Tibet" was also displayed on the torch route. According to a representative from the NGO 'Human Rights Torch Relay', their objective was to "show the contradiction between the Olympic Games and the presence of widespread human rights violations in China"
Question: What is the name of the activist who promised peaceful protests?
Answer: Jorge Carcavallo
Question: What route was planned for an alternative march?
Answer: from the Obelisk to the city hall
Question: What was on the banner that was displayed where the torchbearers would carry the torch?
Answer: Free Tibet
Question: What is the name of the protester who said they would not try to extinguish the torch?
Answer: Jorge Carcavallo.
Question: Where did the other march travel form and to?
Answer: Obelisk to the city hall
Question: What was the name given to the torch carried on the alternative march?
Answer: Human Rights Torch.
Question: What did the large banner say that was along the alternative march route?
Answer: Free Tibet
Question: What was the unsanctioned alternative relay called?
Answer: Human Rights Torch Relay |
Context: Unauthorized MP3 file sharing continues on next-generation peer-to-peer networks. Some authorized services, such as Beatport, Bleep, Juno Records, eMusic, Zune Marketplace, Walmart.com, Rhapsody, the recording industry approved re-incarnation of Napster, and Amazon.com sell unrestricted music in the MP3 format.
Question: What kind of MP3 file sharing continues on?
Answer: Unauthorized
Question: Beatport, Bleep and Juno records are examples of what kind of service?
Answer: authorized
Question: What kind of music is sold by these companies?
Answer: unrestricted
Question: Which format is used by the companies that sell the music legally?
Answer: MP3 |
Context: During his initial campaign for governor, allegations of sexual and personal misconduct were raised against Schwarzenegger, dubbed "Gropegate". Within the last five days before the election, news reports appeared in the Los Angeles Times recounting allegations of sexual misconduct from several individual women, six of whom eventually came forward with their personal stories.
Question: What was the controversy around Schwarzenegger's first gubernatorial campaign nicknamed?
Answer: Gropegate
Question: How many women spoke out publicly about misconduct on Schwarzenegger's part?
Answer: six
Question: Which newspaper broke the story about Schwarzenegger's alleged sexual misconduct?
Answer: Los Angeles Times |
Context: By the 1500s, Ismail I from Ardabil, established the Safavid Dynasty, with Tabriz as the capital. Beginning with Azerbaijan, he subsequently extended his authority over all of the Iranian territories, and established an intermittent Iranian hegemony over the vast relative regions, reasserting the Iranian identity within large parts of the Greater Iran. Iran was predominantly Sunni, but Ismail instigated a forced conversion to the Shia branch of Islam, by which the Shia Islam spread throughout the Safavid territories in the Caucasus, Iran, Anatolia, and Mesopotamia. As a result, thereof, the modern-day Iran is the only official Shia nation of the world, with it holding an absolute majority in Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan, having there the 1st and 2nd highest number of Shia inhabitants by population percentage in the world.
Question: Who established the Safavid Dynasty?
Answer: Ismail I from Ardabil
Question: What was the capital of the Safavid Dynasty?
Answer: Tabriz
Question: Ismail I forced a conversion to what Islamic branch?
Answer: Shia Islam
Question: What country is currently the only official Shia nation of the world?
Answer: Iran |
Context: In 1988, unrest over economic mismanagement and political oppression by the government led to widespread pro-democracy demonstrations throughout the country known as the 8888 Uprising. Security forces killed thousands of demonstrators, and General Saw Maung staged a coup d'état and formed the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC). In 1989, SLORC declared martial law after widespread protests. The military government finalised plans for People's Assembly elections on 31 May 1989. SLORC changed the country's official English name from the "Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma" to the "Union of Myanmar" in 1989.
Question: What are the 1988 demonstrations in Burma called?
Answer: 8888 Uprising
Question: Who lead the government coup in 1988 ?
Answer: General Saw Maung
Question: Why was marshal law declared in Burma in 1989?
Answer: declared martial law after widespread protests.
Question: What was the official name of Burma changed to by the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC)
Answer: Union of Myanmar
Question: Have elections been held in Burma since the military coup in 1988 ?
Answer: The military government finalised plans for People's Assembly elections on 31 May 1989 |
Context: Gautama was now determined to complete his spiritual quest. At the age of 35, he famously sat in meditation under a Ficus religiosa tree now called the Bodhi Tree in the town of Bodh Gaya and vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment. After many days, he finally destroyed the fetters of his mind, thereby liberating himself from the cycle of suffering and rebirth, and arose as a fully enlightened being (Skt. samyaksaṃbuddha). Soon thereafter, he attracted a band of followers and instituted a monastic order. Now, as the Buddha, he spent the rest of his life teaching the path of awakening he had discovered, traveling throughout the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, and died at the age of 80 (483 BCE) in Kushinagar, India. The south branch of the original fig tree available only in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka is known as Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi.
Question: How old was Gautama when he sat under the Bodhi Tree?
Answer: 35
Question: What kind of tree was the Bodhi Tree?
Answer: Ficus religiosa
Question: What did Gautama spend the rest of his life doing after reaching enlightenment?
Answer: he spent the rest of his life teaching the path of awakening he had discovered
Question: How old was the Buddha at the time of his death?
Answer: 80
Question: What is the south branch of the tree Gautama sat under called?
Answer: Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
Question: What was the tree called he sat under?
Answer: Ficus religiosa
Question: What was the tree renamed that Gautama achieved enlightenment under?
Answer: Bodhi Tree
Question: At what age did Gautama come to pass?
Answer: 80
Question: When he was 35 Gautama sat in meditation under what tree?
Answer: Bodhi Tree
Question: What type of tree was the Bodhi Tree?
Answer: Ficus religiosa
Question: What town was the Bodhi Tree in?
Answer: Bodh Gaya
Question: The south branch of the original fig tree is known as?
Answer: Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi |
Context: The economy of Russia became heavily industrialized, accounting for about two-thirds of the electricity produced in the USSR. It was, by 1961, the third largest producer of petroleum due to new discoveries in the Volga-Urals region and Siberia, trailing only the United States and Saudi Arabia. In 1974, there were 475 institutes of higher education in the republic providing education in 47 languages to some 23,941,000 students. A network of territorially-organized public-health services provided health care. After 1985, the restructuring policies of the Gorbachev administration relatively liberalised the economy, which had become stagnant since the late 1970s, with the introduction of non-state owned enterprises such as cooperatives. The effects of market policies led to the failure of many enterprises and total instability by 1990.
Question: How much of the USSR's electricity was produced in the RSFSR?
Answer: two-thirds
Question: What two countries produced more petroleum than Russia in 1961?
Answer: the United States and Saudi Arabia
Question: How many students were in institutions of higher education in Russia in 1974?
Answer: 23,941,000
Question: How many institutions of higher education did Russia possess in 1974?
Answer: 475
Question: In how many languages were students in institutions of higher education being educated in 1974?
Answer: 47
Question: How much of the USSR's electricity was delayed in the RSFSR?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two countries produced less petroleum than Russia in 1961?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many students were in institutions of lower education in Russia in 1974?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many institutions of high school did Russia possess in 1974?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In how many languages were students in institutions of high school being educated in 1974?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cities like Nice and Agde. The coins minted in Massalia have been found in all parts of Ligurian-Celtic Gaul. Celtic coinage was influenced by Greek designs, and Greek letters can be found on various Celtic coins, especially those of Southern France. Traders from Massalia ventured inland deep into France on the Rivers Durance and Rhône, and established overland trade routes deep into Gaul, and to Switzerland and Burgundy. The Hellenistic period saw the Greek alphabet spread into southern Gaul from Massalia (3rd and 2nd centuries BCE) and according to Strabo, Massalia was also a center of education, where Celts went to learn Greek. A staunch ally of Rome, Massalia retained its independence until it sided with Pompey in 49 BCE and was then taken by Caesar's forces.
Question: What was the first Greek colony in the Mediterranean?
Answer: Massalia
Question: How many inhabitants were in Massalia?
Answer: 6,000
Question: Who controlled Nice and Agde?
Answer: Massalia
Question: Massalia was the center of education according to whom?
Answer: Strabo
Question: When did Massalia side with Pompey?
Answer: 49 BCE |
Context: The Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted Soyuz 2. Ground controllers brought the two craft to within 200 meters (660 ft) of each other, then cosmonaut Georgy Beregovoy took control. He got within 40 meters (130 ft) of his target, but was unable to dock before expending 90 percent of his maneuvering fuel, due to a piloting error that put his spacecraft into the wrong orientation and forced Soyuz 2 to automatically turn away from his approaching craft. The first docking of Soviet spacecraft was finally realised in January 1969 by the Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 missions. It was the first-ever docking of two manned spacecraft, and the first transfer of crew from one space vehicle to another.
Question: The Soyuz 3 began its mission to space on what date?
Answer: October 26, 1968
Question: When was the first successful docking of a two man space crew?
Answer: January 1969
Question: Which two space missions were the first to successfully dock each other?
Answer: Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 |
Context: The fluid in the coelomata contains coelomocyte cells that defend the animals against parasites and infections. In some species coelomocytes may also contain a respiratory pigment – red hemoglobin in some species, green chlorocruorin in others (dissolved in the plasma) – and provide oxygen transport within their segments. Respiratory pigment is also dissolved in the blood plasma. Species with well-developed septa generally also have blood vessels running all long their bodies above and below the gut, the upper one carrying blood forwards while the lower one carries it backwards. Networks of capillaries in the body wall and around the gut transfer blood between the main blood vessels and to parts of the segment that need oxygen and nutrients. Both of the major vessels, especially the upper one, can pump blood by contracting. In some annelids the forward end of the upper blood vessel is enlarged with muscles to form a heart, while in the forward ends of many earthworms some of the vessels that connect the upper and lower main vessels function as hearts. Species with poorly developed or no septa generally have no blood vessels and rely on the circulation within the coelom for delivering nutrients and oxygen.
Question: What can coelomocyte cells defend against?
Answer: parasites and infections
Question: What type of pigment is dissolved in annelids' blood?
Answer: Respiratory
Question: What runs the length of annelids' bodies with well-developed septa?
Answer: blood vessels
Question: What do annelids without septa have to use for circulation?
Answer: circulation within the coelom
Question: What can coelomocyte cells heal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of pigment is created in annelids' blood?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What runs the length of annelids' brains with well-developed septa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do annelids with septa have to use for blood?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Carnival (see other spellings and names) is a Christian festive season that occurs before the Christian season of Lent. The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent). Carnival typically involves a public celebration and/or parade combining some elements of a circus, masks and public street party. People wear masks and costumes during many such celebrations, allowing them to lose their everyday individuality and experience a heightened sense of social unity. Excessive consumption of alcohol, meat, and other foods proscribed during Lent is extremely common. Other common features of carnival include mock battles such as food fights; social satire and mockery of authorities; the grotesque body displaying exaggerated features especially large noses, bellies, mouths, and phalli or elements of animal bodies; abusive language and degrading acts; depictions of disease and gleeful death; and a general reversal of everyday rules and norms.
Question: What's the name of the Christian festive season that occurs before the season of Lent?
Answer: Carnival
Question: When do the main events of the Christian festival occur?
Answer: February
Question: Who is the Carnival open to?
Answer: public
Question: What do participants of the Carnival experience a heightened sense of?
Answer: social unity
Question: What is consumed in excessive amounts during Lent?
Answer: alcohol |
Context: Subjective idealists like George Berkeley are anti-realists in terms of a mind-independent world, whereas transcendental idealists like Immanuel Kant are strong skeptics of such a world, affirming epistemological and not metaphysical idealism. Thus Kant defines idealism as "the assertion that we can never be certain whether all of our putative outer experience is not mere imagining". He claimed that, according to idealism, "the reality of external objects does not admit of strict proof. On the contrary, however, the reality of the object of our internal sense (of myself and state) is clear immediately through consciousness." However, not all idealists restrict the real or the knowable to our immediate subjective experience. Objective idealists make claims about a transempirical world, but simply deny that this world is essentially divorced from or ontologically prior to the mental. Thus Plato and Gottfried Leibniz affirm an objective and knowable reality transcending our subjective awareness—a rejection of epistemological idealism—but propose that this reality is grounded in ideal entities, a form of metaphysical idealism. Nor do all metaphysical idealists agree on the nature of the ideal; for Plato, the fundamental entities were non-mental abstract forms, while for Leibniz they were proto-mental and concrete monads.
Question: Who is a notable subjective idealist?
Answer: George Berkeley
Question: What famous philosopher was a transcendental idealist?
Answer: Immanuel Kant
Question: Who are subjective idealists opposed to?
Answer: realists
Question: Along with Plato, what notable philosopher rejected epistemological idealism?
Answer: Gottfried Leibniz
Question: Who believed the essence of reality to be composed of monads?
Answer: Leibniz
Question: What idealist is George Berkeley most similar to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Berkeley defines idealism by saying we can never be sure of what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Kant say reality needed to admit?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who are subjective idealists in agreement with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who disagreed with Plato's rejection of epistemological idealism?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The senate's ultimate authority derived from the esteem and prestige of the senators. This esteem and prestige was based on both precedent and custom, as well as the caliber and reputation of the senators. The senate passed decrees, which were called senatus consulta. These were officially "advice" from the senate to a magistrate. In practice, however, they were usually followed by the magistrates. The focus of the Roman senate was usually directed towards foreign policy. Though it technically had no official role in the management of military conflict, the senate ultimately was the force that oversaw such affairs. The power of the senate expanded over time as the power of the legislative assemblies declined, and the senate took a greater role in ordinary law-making. Its members were usually appointed by Roman Censors, who ordinarily selected newly elected magistrates for membership in the senate, making the senate a partially elected body. During times of military emergency, such as the civil wars of the 1st century BC, this practice became less prevalent, as the Roman Dictator, Triumvir or the senate itself would select its members.
Question: What was the general source of the Roman senate's authority?
Answer: the esteem and prestige of the senators
Question: Who was responsible for overseeing a military action?
Answer: the senate
Question: What was a motion that was enacted by the senate called?
Answer: senatus consulta
Question: What area was the likely focal point of the Roman senate?
Answer: foreign policy
Question: What governing Roman body would self-select their own members during times of great distress?
Answer: the senate itself would select its members |
Context: Eisenhower's stint as the president of Columbia University was punctuated by his activity within the Council on Foreign Relations, a study group he led as president concerning the political and military implications of the Marshall Plan, and The American Assembly, Eisenhower's "vision of a great cultural center where business, professional and governmental leaders could meet from time to time to discuss and reach conclusions concerning problems of a social and political nature". His biographer Blanche Wiesen Cook suggested that this period served as "the political education of General Eisenhower", since he had to prioritize wide-ranging educational, administrative, and financial demands for the university. Through his involvement in the Council on Foreign Relations, he also gained exposure to economic analysis, which would become the bedrock of his understanding in economic policy. "Whatever General Eisenhower knows about economics, he has learned at the study group meetings," one Aid to Europe member claimed.
Question: While Eisenhower was president of Columbia, what group did he also work with?
Answer: Council on Foreign Relations
Question: What was Blanche Wiesen Cook in relation to Eisenhower?
Answer: biographer
Question: Along with business and government, what leaders did Eisenhower see meeting at the Council on Foreign Relations?
Answer: professional
Question: What sort of analysis did Eisenhower first experience with the Council on Foreign Relations?
Answer: economic |
Context: Many rodents such as voles live underground. Marmots live almost exclusively above the tree line as high as 2,700 m (8,858 ft). They hibernate in large groups to provide warmth, and can be found in all areas of the Alps, in large colonies they build beneath the alpine pastures. Golden eagles and bearded vultures are the largest birds to be found in the Alps; they nest high on rocky ledges and can be found at altitudes of 2,400 m (7,874 ft). The most common bird is the alpine chough which can be found scavenging at climber's huts or at the Jungfraujoch, a high altitude tourist destination.
Question: Where do many rodents live?
Answer: underground
Question: Where do Marmots live?
Answer: almost exclusively above the tree line as high as 2,700 m (8,858 ft)
Question: Where do marmots build their colonies?
Answer: beneath the alpine pastures
Question: What is the most common bird found in the Alps?
Answer: the alpine chough |
Context: Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide river valleys. The Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range, an extension of the Rocky Mountains, dominates the state's terrain and is home to the state's greatest attraction, Las Barrancas del Cobre, or Copper Canyon, a canyon system larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon. On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. Most of the inhabitants live along the Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley.
Question: Which state has more forests than Chihuahua?
Answer: Durango
Question: The state of Chihuahua is primarily identified with what type of landscape?
Answer: Desert
Question: The Copper Canyon is deeper than what popular American canyon?
Answer: Grand Canyon
Question: Along which two valleys do most inhabitants of Chihuahua live?
Answer: Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley
Question: The Sierra Madre Occidentals are an extension of which American mountain range?
Answer: Rocky Mountains |
Context: Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on twelve lunar months. Lunisolar calendars have a thirteenth month added to some years to make up for the difference between a full year (now known to be about 365.24 days) and a year of just twelve lunar months. The numbers twelve and thirteen came to feature prominently in many cultures, at least partly due to this relationship of months to years. Other early forms of calendars originated in Mesoamerica, particularly in ancient Mayan civilization. These calendars were religiously and astronomically based, with 18 months in a year and 20 days in a month.
Question: Artifacts from which era suggest that the moon was used to reckon time around 6,000 years ago?
Answer: the Paleolithic
Question: Which calendars were among the first to appear?
Answer: Lunar calendars
Question: How long were the original lunar calendars?
Answer: either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days)
Question: Where did some of the other early forms of calendars originate?
Answer: Mesoamerica
Question: How many months were in a year in the original Mayan calendars?
Answer: 18
Question: During what time period did the Mesoamerican age appear?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Mayan civilization first appear?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many days did it take to date artifacts from the Paleolithic?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many artifacts were found that connected the moon to Mayan culture?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What culture was the first create artifacts that were found?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Artifacts from which era suggest that the moon was used to reckon time around 12 years ago?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which calendars were among the last to appear?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long were the original lunisolar calendars?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did some of the other early forms of months originate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many seasons were in a year in the original Mayan calendars?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Comprehensive schools were introduced into Ireland in 1966 by an initiative by Patrick Hillery, Minister for Education, to give a broader range of education compared to that of the vocational school system, which was then the only system of schools completely controlled by the state. Until then, education in Ireland was largely dominated by religious persuasion, particularly the voluntary secondary school system was a particular realisation of this. The comprehensive school system is still relatively small and to an extent has been superseded by the community school concept. The Irish word for a comprehensive school is a 'scoil chuimsitheach.'
Question: When did Ireland first open comprehensive schools?
Answer: 1966
Question: Who was responsible for creating comprehensive schools in Ireland?
Answer: Patrick Hillery
Question: What was the only state-run educational system in Ireland prior to comprehensive schools?
Answer: vocational school system
Question: What type of school has surpassed comprehensive schools in Ireland?
Answer: community school
Question: When did Ireland last open comprehensive schools?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Ireland first close comprehensive schools?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was unresponsible for creating comprehensive schools in Ireland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What wasn't the only state-run educational system in Ireland prior to comprehensive schools?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of school has surpassed uncomprehensive schools in Ireland?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In Book 11 of his Confessions, St. Augustine of Hippo ruminates on the nature of time, asking, "What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not." He begins to define time by what it is not rather than what it is, an approach similar to that taken in other negative definitions. However, Augustine ends up calling time a “distention” of the mind (Confessions 11.26) by which we simultaneously grasp the past in memory, the present by attention, and the future by expectation.
Question: Who commented on the nature of time in Book 11 of his confessions?
Answer: St. Augustine of Hippo
Question: By what does St. Augustine of Hippo begin to define time?
Answer: by what it is not rather than what it is
Question: What does Augustine call time in Confessions 11.26?
Answer: a “distention” of the mind
Question: How is memory defined as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How does St. Augustine define memory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what book does St. Augustine reflect on how memory works?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does St. Augustine say when someone asks him about memory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is a similar approach of defining memory also taken?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who commented on the nature of time in Book 26 of his confessions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: By what does St. Augustine of Hippo begin to define memory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Does Augustine call memory in Confessions 11.26?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who calls memory a distention of the mind?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who ruminates on the nature of approaches?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: William Champion's brother, John, patented a process in 1758 for calcining zinc sulfide into an oxide usable in the retort process. Prior to this, only calamine could be used to produce zinc. In 1798, Johann Christian Ruberg improved on the smelting process by building the first horizontal retort smelter. Jean-Jacques Daniel Dony built a different kind of horizontal zinc smelter in Belgium, which processed even more zinc. Italian doctor Luigi Galvani discovered in 1780 that connecting the spinal cord of a freshly dissected frog to an iron rail attached by a brass hook caused the frog's leg to twitch. He incorrectly thought he had discovered an ability of nerves and muscles to create electricity and called the effect "animal electricity". The galvanic cell and the process of galvanization were both named for Luigi Galvani and these discoveries paved the way for electrical batteries, galvanization and cathodic protection.
Question: Who first patented the process that creates an oxide usable in the retort process?
Answer: William Champion's brother, John,
Question: Before John Champion, what was the only element used to produce zinc?
Answer: calamine
Question: Who built the first horizontal retort smelter?
Answer: Johann Christian Ruberg
Question: What did Galvani name the effect he created of causing the frogs legs to twitch?
Answer: animal electricity
Question: The discoveries made by Galvani lead to what three important things?
Answer: electrical batteries, galvanization and cathodic protection.
Question: Who first banned the process that creates an oxide usable in the retort process?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is still the only element used to produce zinc?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who built the only vertical retort smelter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Galvani name the effect he created of causing the frogs legs to fly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What harmful things did the discoveries made by Galvani lead to?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: As of January 1, 2008 estimates by the San Diego Association of Governments revealed that the household median income for San Diego rose to $66,715, up from $45,733, and that the city population rose to 1,336,865, up 9.3% from 2000. The population was 45.3% non-Hispanic whites, down from 78.9% in 1970, 27.7% Hispanics, 15.6% Asians/Pacific Islanders, 7.1% blacks, 0.4% American Indians, and 3.9% from other races. Median age of Hispanics was 27.5 years, compared to 35.1 years overall and 41.6 years among non-Hispanic whites; Hispanics were the largest group in all ages under 18, and non-Hispanic whites constituted 63.1% of population 55 and older.
Question: In what year was the household median income in San Diego at $45,733?
Answer: 2000
Question: What was the median age of non-Hispanic whites in 2008?
Answer: 41.6
Question: In 2008, which racial group had the most individuals under the age of 18?
Answer: Hispanics
Question: Of the population of individuals 55 and older, what percentage were non-Hispanic whites in 2008?
Answer: 63.1%
Question: What did the average salary increase to at the time of the 2008 census?
Answer: $66,715
Question: In what year was the household median income in San Francisco at $45,733?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the median age of non-Hispanic whites in 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 2008, which racial group had the most individuals under the age of 16?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Of the population of individuals 65 and older, what percentage were non-Hispanic whites in 2008?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the average salary decrease to at the time of the 2008 census?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: This reaction is favored at low pressures but is nonetheless conducted at high pressures (2.0 MPa, 20 atm or 600 inHg). This is because high-pressure H
2 is the most marketable product and Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) purification systems work better at higher pressures. The product mixture is known as "synthesis gas" because it is often used directly for the production of methanol and related compounds. Hydrocarbons other than methane can be used to produce synthesis gas with varying product ratios. One of the many complications to this highly optimized technology is the formation of coke or carbon:
Question: At what pressure does PSA work best in?
Answer: high pressures
Question: What is synthesis gas used for?
Answer: production of methanol
Question: Besides methane, what else can be used to produce synthesis gas?
Answer: Hydrocarbons |
Context: Hunter-gathering lifestyles remained prevalent in some parts of the New World, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Siberia, as well as all of Australia, until the European Age of Discovery. They still persist in some tribal societies, albeit in rapid decline. Peoples that preserved paleolithic hunting-gathering until the recent past include some indigenous peoples of the Amazonas (Aché), some Central and Southern African (San people), some peoples of New Guinea (Fayu), the Mlabri of Thailand and Laos, the Vedda people of Sri Lanka, and a handful of uncontacted peoples. In Africa, the only remaining full-time hunter-gatherers are the Hadza of Tanzania.[citation needed]
Question: What type of lifestyle was prevalent in Siberia until the European Age of Discovery?
Answer: Hunter-gathering
Question: Where does the hunter-gathering lifestyle persist, though in decline?
Answer: some tribal societies
Question: Indigenous peoples of the Amazonas preserved what until the recent past?
Answer: paleolithic hunting-gathering
Question: Who are the only remaining full-time hunter-gatherers in Africa?
Answer: the Hadza of Tanzania
Question: Hunter-gathering lifestyles remained prevalent until when?
Answer: European Age of Discovery
Question: What parts of the New World did the hunter-gathering lifestyles remain?
Answer: Sub-Saharan Africa, and Siberia, as well as all of Australia
Question: Who are the only remaining full-time hunter-gatherers in Africa?
Answer: Hadza of Tanzania
Question: What age began in Africa that ended hunter-gathering lifestyles?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has happened to Australian society to cause it to fail?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who are the only remaining full-time hunter gatherers in Australia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what parts of the New World do uncontacted peoples live?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What lifestyle did the Age of Discovery preserve in the Amazonas?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The book was written for non-specialist readers and attracted widespread interest upon its publication. As Darwin was an eminent scientist, his findings were taken seriously and the evidence he presented generated scientific, philosophical, and religious discussion. The debate over the book contributed to the campaign by T. H. Huxley and his fellow members of the X Club to secularise science by promoting scientific naturalism. Within two decades there was widespread scientific agreement that evolution, with a branching pattern of common descent, had occurred, but scientists were slow to give natural selection the significance that Darwin thought appropriate. During "the eclipse of Darwinism" from the 1880s to the 1930s, various other mechanisms of evolution were given more credit. With the development of the modern evolutionary synthesis in the 1930s and 1940s, Darwin's concept of evolutionary adaptation through natural selection became central to modern evolutionary theory, and it has now become the unifying concept of the life sciences.
Question: What section of the population was Darwin's book written for?
Answer: non-specialist readers
Question: Who attempted to secularize science during the debate over Darwin's book?
Answer: T. H. Huxley
Question: What was T.H. Huxley promoting?
Answer: scientific naturalism
Question: What was the growing change in opinion about evolution called?
Answer: "the eclipse of Darwinism"
Question: When did Darwin's concept of evolution become widely believed and central to the modern theory of evolution?
Answer: in the 1930s and 1940s |
Context: The Abbot of Monte Cassino, Desiderius sent envoys to Constantinople some time after 1066 to hire expert Byzantine mosaicists for the decoration of the rebuilt abbey church. According to chronicler Leo of Ostia the Greek artists decorated the apse, the arch and the vestibule of the basilica. Their work was admired by contemporaries but was totally destroyed in later centuries except two fragments depicting greyhounds (now in the Monte Cassino Museum). "The abbot in his wisdom decided that great number of young monks in the monastery should be thoroughly initiated in these arts" – says the chronicler about the role of the Greeks in the revival of mosaic art in medieval Italy.
Question: Who hired Byzantine experts to decorate a rebuilt abbey church?
Answer: The Abbot of Monte Cassino
Question: After what time did the Abbot of Monte Cassino send for Byzantine mosaicists?
Answer: 1066
Question: What animal was on the only surviving mosaics created by the greeks at the rebuilt abbey?
Answer: greyhounds
Question: Where are the only remaining greek mosaic panels now kept?
Answer: in the Monte Cassino Museum |
Context: The New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) operates the public hospitals and clinics in New York City. A public benefit corporation with $6.7 billion in annual revenues, HHC is the largest municipal healthcare system in the United States serving 1.4 million patients, including more than 475,000 uninsured city residents. HHC was created in 1969 by the New York State Legislature as a public benefit corporation (Chapter 1016 of the Laws 1969). It is similar to a municipal agency but has a Board of Directors. HHC operates 11 acute care hospitals, five nursing homes, six diagnostic and treatment centers, and more than 70 community-based primary care sites, serving primarily the poor and working class. HHC's MetroPlus Health Plan is one of the New York area's largest providers of government-sponsored health insurance and is the plan of choice for nearly half million New Yorkers.
Question: The largest municipal healthcare in the US is what?
Answer: New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation
Question: How many hospitals does HHC operate?
Answer: 11
Question: What is the yearly revenue of the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation?
Answer: $6.7 billion
Question: How many patients are served annually by HHC?
Answer: 1.4 million
Question: How many uninsured New Yorkers take advantage of HHC?
Answer: 475,000
Question: In what year was the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation founded?
Answer: 1969
Question: How many nursing homes does HHC operate?
Answer: five |
Context: In Japanese, they are usually referred to as bushi (武士?, [bu.ɕi]) or buke (武家?). According to translator William Scott Wilson: "In Chinese, the character 侍 was originally a verb meaning "to wait upon" or "accompany persons" in the upper ranks of society, and this is also true of the original term in Japanese, saburau. In both countries the terms were nominalized to mean "those who serve in close attendance to the nobility", the pronunciation in Japanese changing to saburai. According to Wilson, an early reference to the word "samurai" appears in the Kokin Wakashū (905–914), the first imperial anthology of poems, completed in the first part of the 10th century.
Question: What was William Scott Wilson's occupation?
Answer: translator
Question: What are samurai usually called in Japanse?
Answer: bushi (武士?, [bu.ɕi]) or buke (武家?)
Question: Where is the first known use of 'samurai'?
Answer: Kokin Wakashū
Question: When is the first known use of 'samurai'?
Answer: 905–914 |
Context: Nevertheless, Makdisi has asserted that the European university borrowed many of its features from the Islamic madrasa, including the concepts of a degree and doctorate. Makdisi and Hugh Goddard have also highlighted other terms and concepts now used in modern universities which most likely have Islamic origins, including "the fact that we still talk of professors holding the 'Chair' of their subject" being based on the "traditional Islamic pattern of teaching where the professor sits on a chair and the students sit around him", the term 'academic circles' being derived from the way in which Islamic students "sat in a circle around their professor", and terms such as "having 'fellows', 'reading' a subject, and obtaining 'degrees', can all be traced back" to the Islamic concepts of aṣḥāb ('companions, as of Muhammad'), qirāʼah ('reading aloud the Qur'an') and ijāzah ('licence [to teach]') respectively. Makdisi has listed eighteen such parallels in terminology which can be traced back to their roots in Islamic education. Some of the practices now common in modern universities which Makdisi and Goddard trace back to an Islamic root include "practices such as delivering inaugural lectures, wearing academic robes, obtaining doctorates by defending a thesis, and even the idea of academic freedom are also modelled on Islamic custom." The Islamic scholarly system of fatwá and ijmāʻ, meaning opinion and consensus respectively, formed the basis of the "scholarly system the West has practised in university scholarship from the Middle Ages down to the present day." According to Makdisi and Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was also "modelled on Islamic custom" as practised in the medieval Madrasa system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately planned university" in Europe, the University of Naples Federico II founded by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor in 1224.
Question: What institutions have been considered to take some its ideas from madaris?
Answer: European university
Question: What Eurpoean university practices are considered to be adapted from madaris?
Answer: degree and doctorate
Question: How many corollaries dd Makdisi make between Islamic language and European educational practices?
Answer: eighteen
Question: What freedom specifically did Makdisi believe European schools learned from Islamic traditions?
Answer: academic
Question: What clothing practice did Makdisi believe European schools learned from madaris?
Answer: wearing academic robes
Question: What institutions have been considered to get no its ideas from madaris?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Eurpoean university practices are considered to be not adapted from madaris?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many corollaries dd Makdisi make between non-Islamic language and non-European educational practices?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What freedom specifically did Makdisi believe non-European schools learned from non-Islamic traditions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What clothing practice did Makdisi believe European schools did not learn from madaris?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Regulation of hunting within the United States dates from the 19th century. Some modern hunters see themselves as conservationists and sportsmen in the mode of Theodore Roosevelt and the Boone and Crockett Club. Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport by buying land for future hunting use. Some groups represent a specific hunting interest, such as Ducks Unlimited, Pheasants Forever, or the Delta Waterfowl Foundation. Many hunting groups also participate in lobbying the federal government and state government.
Question: When do hunting regulations date from in the US?
Answer: 19th century
Question: What do some modern hunters see themselves as?
Answer: conservationists and sportsmen
Question: What organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport?
Answer: Local hunting clubs and national organizations
Question: Ducks Unlimited and the Delta Waterfowl are examples of groups representing what?
Answer: a specific hunting interest
Question: What do many hunting groups participate in doing at the federal and state level?
Answer: lobbying
Question: What do modern hunters see themselves as?
Answer: conservationists and sportsmen
Question: Who provides hunter education?
Answer: Local hunting clubs
Question: What do hunting groups also participate in?
Answer: lobbying the federal government and state government
Question: What century is U.S. regulations dates from?
Answer: 19th
Question: In what century was the Crockett Club founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group did Theodore Roosevelt belong to in the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Boone participate in at the federal and state level?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do lobbyists see themselves as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was pheasant first hunted in the US?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various lay officers constitute the college, including the Organist and Master of the Choristers, the Registrar, the Auditor, the Legal Secretary, the Surveyor of the Fabric, the Head Master of the choir school, the Keeper of the Muniments and the Clerk of the Works, as well as 12 lay vicars, 10 choristers and the High Steward and High Bailiff.
Question: How many lay vicars are there?
Answer: 12
Question: How many choristers are there at the abbey?
Answer: 10
Question: When was the office of Priest Vicar created?
Answer: 1970s
Question: How many lay vicars aren't there?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many lay singers are there?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many choristers aren't there at the abbey?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When wasn't the office of Priest Vicar created?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the office of Priest Vicar destroyed?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Britain also sent troops to protect British business enterprise, harbour rights, and consulate office. This was followed by an eight-year civil war, during which each of the three powers supplied arms, training and in some cases combat troops to the warring Samoan parties. The Samoan crisis came to a critical juncture in March 1889 when all three colonial contenders sent warships into Apia harbour, and a larger-scale war seemed imminent. A massive storm on 15 March 1889 damaged or destroyed the warships, ending the military conflict.
Question: What country sent their military to protect their interests in Samoa?
Answer: Britain
Question: For how many years did the civil war in Samoa last?
Answer: eight
Question: How many contenders were vying for power in the war?
Answer: three
Question: When did the crucial climax of the civil war occur?
Answer: March 1889
Question: What natural disaster put an end to the war in Apia harbour?
Answer: A massive storm
Question: What interests were Samoans trying to protect?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: For how many years did the civil war in Britain last?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened to cause the British civil war to come to an end?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Samoan parties were involved in the war?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what date did the Samoans stand and fight for their own interests?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the Tudor period the Reformation produced a gradual shift to Protestantism, much of London passing from church to private ownership. The traffic in woollen cloths shipped undyed and undressed from London to the nearby shores of the Low Countries, where it was considered indispensable. But the tentacles of English maritime enterprise hardly extended beyond the seas of north-west Europe. The commercial route to Italy and the Mediterranean Sea normally lay through Antwerp and over the Alps; any ships passing through the Strait of Gibraltar to or from England were likely to be Italian or Ragusan. Upon the re-opening of the Netherlands to English shipping in January 1565, there ensued a strong outburst of commercial activity. The Royal Exchange was founded. Mercantilism grew, and monopoly trading companies such as the East India Company were established, with trade expanding to the New World. London became the principal North Sea port, with migrants arriving from England and abroad. The population rose from an estimated 50,000 in 1530 to about 225,000 in 1605.
Question: In what era did the Protestant Reformation occur?
Answer: the Tudor period
Question: What event greatly boosted English shipping and commerce?
Answer: the re-opening of the Netherlands to English shipping
Question: What phenomenon did the Reformation bring about?
Answer: a gradual shift to Protestantism
Question: Typically what were the nationalities of ships that traveled to and from England via the Straight of Gibraltar?
Answer: Italian or Ragusan
Question: When was England again able to ship to the Netherlands?
Answer: January 1565 |
Context: Consistent with the missions and priorities outlined above, the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy through a range of activities, including the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés, participation in bilateral and multilateral military forums (e.g. the System of Cooperation Among the American Air Forces), ship and aircraft visits, military training and cooperation, and other such outreach and relationship-building efforts.
Question: What other priority do the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute too?
Answer: conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy
Question: What is an example of another activity that the CAF performs?
Answer: deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés
Question: What other air force does the CAF cooperate with?
Answer: the American Air Forces
Question: What is one of the activities the CAF works on with other countries?
Answer: military training
Question: What diplomatic effort does the CAF perform as part of it's duties?
Answer: relationship-building efforts
Question: What do the Armed Canadian Forces contribute to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How does the Armed Canadian Forces contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Cooperation System Among the American Air Forces an example of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What other priority do the Canadian Armed Forces never contribute too?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is not an example of another activity that the CAF performs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What other air force does the CAF not cooperate with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one of the activities the CFF works on with other countries?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What diplomatic effort does the CAF doesn't perform as part of it's duties?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Outside of the Low Countries, it is the native language of the majority of the population of Suriname, and also holds official status in the Caribbean island nations of Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Historical minorities on the verge of extinction remain in parts of France and Germany, and in Indonesia,[n 1] while up to half a million native speakers may reside in the United States, Canada and Australia combined.[n 2] The Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa have evolved into Afrikaans, a mutually intelligible daughter language[n 3] which is spoken to some degree by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia.[n 4]
Question: In what place with the word "name" in it do most people speak Dutch?
Answer: Suriname
Question: Islands in the Caribbean that include Dutch as an official language include Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and what other place?
Answer: Aruba
Question: It's been estimated that up to what number of native Dutch speakers live in Australia, the U.S., and Canada?
Answer: half a million
Question: In Southern Africa, Dutch has developed over many years into what daughter language?
Answer: Afrikaans
Question: What the low estimate for the number of people who speak Afrikaans?
Answer: 16 million |
Context: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2015, Tennessee had an estimated population of 6,600,299, which is an increase of 50,947, from the prior year and an increase of 254,194, or 4.01%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 142,266 people (that is 493,881 births minus 351,615 deaths), and an increase from net migration of 219,551 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 59,385 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 160,166 people. Twenty percent of Tennesseans were born outside the South in 2008, compared to a figure of 13.5% in 1990.
Question: What was Tennessee's estimated population in 2015?
Answer: 6,600,299
Question: What percentage population increase did Tennessee experience between 2010 and 2015?
Answer: 4.01%
Question: How much of Tennessee's population increase between 2010 and 2015 was due to migration?
Answer: 219,551
Question: In 2008, what percentage of Tennessee residents were born outside the South?
Answer: Twenty percent
Question: What net population increase during Tennessee's last two US Census reports was due to immigration from outside the country?
Answer: 59,385 |
Context: In 121 BC, Rome came into contact with two Celtic tribes (from a region in modern France), both of which they defeated with apparent ease. The Cimbrian War (113–101 BC) was a far more serious affair than the earlier clashes of 121 BC. The Germanic tribes of the Cimbri and the Teutons migrated from northern Europe into Rome's northern territories, and clashed with Rome and her allies. At the Battle of Aquae Sextiae and the Battle of Vercellae both tribes were virtually annihilated, which ended the threat.
Question: When did the Cimbrian War end?
Answer: 101 BC
Question: In what year did Rome come into contact with a couple Celtic tribes?
Answer: 121 BC
Question: What war began in the year 113 BC?
Answer: The Cimbrian War
Question: Where did the tribes that were almost annihilated in the Battle of Vercellae hail from?
Answer: northern Europe |
Context: By the end of the Mesozoic era, the Appalachian Mountains had been eroded to an almost flat plain. It was not until the region was uplifted during the Cenozoic Era that the distinctive topography of the present formed. Uplift rejuvenated the streams, which rapidly responded by cutting downward into the ancient bedrock. Some streams flowed along weak layers that define the folds and faults created many millions of years earlier. Other streams downcut so rapidly that they cut right across the resistant folded rocks of the mountain core, carving canyons across rock layers and geologic structures.
Question: During what era did the Appalachian Mountains begin to erode?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did erosion create in the Cenozoic era?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What rejuvenated the bedrock?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What defined the folds and faults?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long did it take to carve canyons?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Birds have one of the most complex respiratory systems of all animal groups. Upon inhalation, 75% of the fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac which extends from the lungs and connects with air spaces in the bones and fills them with air. The other 25% of the air goes directly into the lungs. When the bird exhales, the used air flows out of the lung and the stored fresh air from the posterior air sac is simultaneously forced into the lungs. Thus, a bird's lungs receive a constant supply of fresh air during both inhalation and exhalation. Sound production is achieved using the syrinx, a muscular chamber incorporating multiple tympanic membranes which diverges from the lower end of the trachea; the trachea being elongated in some species, increasing the volume of vocalizations and the perception of the bird's size.
Question: Which animal has one of the most complex respiratory system of all animal groups?
Answer: Birds
Question: Upon inhalation, what percentage of fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac?
Answer: 75%
Question: Where does the other 25 percent of fresh air go?
Answer: directly into the lungs
Question: Sound production is achieved using what muscular chamber?
Answer: syrinx
Question: What is the syrinx?
Answer: a muscular chamber incorporating multiple tympanic membranes |
Context: Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that "the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."
Question: What group did Sultan Selim the Grim label as heretics?
Answer: Shia Qizilbash
Question: What number of Christians did Selim the Grim equate to the killing of one Shiite?
Answer: 70
Question: Who considered Christians more heretical than Shiite?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who killed 70 Christians?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Christians needed to be killed to get an otherworldly reward?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Alaska Railroad was one of the last railroads in North America to use cabooses in regular service and still uses them on some gravel trains. It continues to offer one of the last flag stop routes in the country. A stretch of about 60 miles (100 km) of track along an area north of Talkeetna remains inaccessible by road; the railroad provides the only transportation to rural homes and cabins in the area. Until construction of the Parks Highway in the 1970s, the railroad provided the only land access to most of the region along its entire route.
Question: The ARR was one of the last railroads in the US to use what?
Answer: cabooses
Question: When are cabooses still used occasionally?
Answer: some gravel trains
Question: When was the Parks Highway constructed?
Answer: 1970s
Question: The ARR wasn't one of the last railroads in the US to use what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The ARR was one of the first railroads in the US to use what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The ARR was one of the last railroads in the UN to use what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When aren't cabooses still used occasionally?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Parks Highway destroyed?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Municipality of Montevideo was first created by a legal act of 18 December 1908. The municipality's first mayor (1909–1911) was Daniel Muñoz. Municipalities were abolished by the Uruguayan Constitution of 1918, effectively restored during the 1933 military coup of Gabriel Terra, and formally restored by the 1934 Constitution. The 1952 Constitution again decided to abolish the municipalities; it came into effect in February 1955. Municipalities were replaced by departmental councils, which consisted of a collegiate executive board with 7 members from Montevideo and 5 from the interior region. However, municipalities were revived under the 1967 Constitution and have operated continuously since that time.
Question: The Municipality of Montevideo was first created by a legal act of what?
Answer: 18 December 1908
Question: Who was the municipality's first mayor?
Answer: Daniel Muñoz
Question: Municipalities were abolished by what?
Answer: Uruguayan Constitution of 1918 |
Context: God's consequent nature, on the other hand, is anything but unchanging – it is God's reception of the world's activity. As Whitehead puts it, "[God] saves the world as it passes into the immediacy of his own life. It is the judgment of a tenderness which loses nothing that can be saved." In other words, God saves and cherishes all experiences forever, and those experiences go on to change the way God interacts with the world. In this way, God is really changed by what happens in the world and the wider universe, lending the actions of finite creatures an eternal significance.
Question: How does Whitehead define he consequent nature of God?
Answer: God's reception of the world's activity
Question: How does Whitehead describe the judgment of God?
Answer: It is the judgment of a tenderness which loses nothing that can be saved.
Question: What does Whitehead say that God does with all experiences?
Answer: God saves and cherishes all experiences forever
Question: What effect does Whitehead claim that experiences have on God?
Answer: those experiences go on to change the way God interacts with the world
Question: What conclusion does Whitehead draw about God's treatment of humans' experiences?
Answer: God is really changed by what happens in the world and the wider universe, lending the actions of finite creatures an eternal significance.
Question: How does Whitehead define inconsequent nature of God?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How does Whitehead not describe the judgment of God?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Whitehead say that God does with no experiences?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What conclusion does Whitehead draw about God's treatment of humans' inexperiences?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From April–July, Soviet and German officials made statements regarding the potential for the beginning of political negotiations, while no actual negotiations took place during that time period. The ensuing discussion of a potential political deal between Germany and the Soviet Union had to be channeled into the framework of economic negotiations between the two countries, because close military and diplomatic connections, as was the case before the mid-1930s, had afterward been largely severed. In May, Stalin replaced his Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinov, who was regarded as pro-western and who was also Jewish, with Vyacheslav Molotov, allowing the Soviet Union more latitude in discussions with more parties, not only with Britain and France.
Question: Which Soviet Foreign Minister lost his job because of his favorable attitude towards the west?
Answer: Maxim Litvinov
Question: Which two countries positioned themselves to broker a deal returning to a pre-1930’s treaty with each other?
Answer: Soviet and German
Question: Which two countries positioned themselves to broker an new trade agreement?
Answer: Germany and the Soviet Union
Question: Which Soviet Foreign Minister kept his job because of his favorable attitude towards the west?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which Soviet Foreign Minister lost his job because of his unfavorable attitude towards the west?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which two countries positioned themselves to broker a deal returning to a pre-1920’s treaty with each other?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which three countries positioned themselves to broker a deal returning to a pre-1930’s treaty with each other?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which two countries positioned themselves to broker an old trade agreement?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge, also known as the 'President JK Bridge' or the 'JK Bridge', crosses Lake Paranoá in Brasília. It is named after Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, former president of Brazil. It was designed by architect Alexandre Chan and structural engineer Mário Vila Verde. Chan won the Gustav Lindenthal Medal for this project at the 2003 International Bridge Conference in Pittsburgh due to "...outstanding achievement demonstrating harmony with the environment, aesthetic merit and successful community participation".
Question: What is the JK Bridge a nickname for?
Answer: The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge
Question: What does the JK Bridge cross?
Answer: Lake Paranoá
Question: Who was the JK Bridge named for?
Answer: Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira
Question: Who was de Oliveira?
Answer: former president of Brazil
Question: Who designed the JK Bridge?
Answer: architect Alexandre Chan and structural engineer Mário Vila Verde
Question: What did Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira design?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Alexandre Chan former president of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Mario Vila Verde win in 2003?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the Mario Vila Verde bridge cross?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was the Gustav Lindenthal Conference located?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Season six began on Tuesday, January 16, 2007. The premiere drew a massive audience of 37.3 million viewers, peaking in the last half hour with more than 41 million viewers.
Question: What year did the sixth season of American Idol first air?
Answer: 2007
Question: How many people watched the season premiere of American Idol in 2007?
Answer: 37.3 million
Question: When did season six premiere?
Answer: January 16, 2007
Question: How many overall viewers did the first show of the season generate?
Answer: 37.3 million |
Context: The highest pub in the United Kingdom is the Tan Hill Inn, Yorkshire, at 1,732 feet (528 m) above sea level. The remotest pub on the British mainland is The Old Forge in the village of Inverie, Lochaber, Scotland. There is no road access and it may only be reached by an 18-mile (29 km) walk over mountains, or a 7-mile (11 km) sea crossing. Likewise, The Berney Arms in Norfolk has no road access. It may be reached by foot or by boat, and by train as it is served by the nearby Berney Arms railway station, which likewise has no road access and serves no other settlement.
Question: What pub in England is the highest above sea level?
Answer: the Tan Hill Inn
Question: In what county is the Tan Hill Inn located?
Answer: Yorkshire
Question: How many meters above sea level is the Tan Hill Inn?
Answer: 528
Question: In what settlement is the pub known as The Old Forge located?
Answer: Inverie
Question: In what country of the United Kingdom is the Old Forge pub located?
Answer: Scotland |
Context: One of John's principal challenges was acquiring the large sums of money needed for his proposed campaigns to reclaim Normandy. The Angevin kings had three main sources of income available to them, namely revenue from their personal lands, or demesne; money raised through their rights as a feudal lord; and revenue from taxation. Revenue from the royal demesne was inflexible and had been diminishing slowly since the Norman conquest. Matters were not helped by Richard's sale of many royal properties in 1189, and taxation played a much smaller role in royal income than in later centuries. English kings had widespread feudal rights which could be used to generate income, including the scutage system, in which feudal military service was avoided by a cash payment to the king. He derived income from fines, court fees and the sale of charters and other privileges. John intensified his efforts to maximise all possible sources of income, to the extent that he has been described as "avaricious, miserly, extortionate and moneyminded". John also used revenue generation as a way of exerting political control over the barons: debts owed to the crown by the king's favoured supporters might be forgiven; collection of those owed by enemies was more stringently enforced.
Question: What was one of John's principal challenges?
Answer: acquiring the large sums of money needed
Question: When did Richard sell many royal properties?
Answer: 1189
Question: Where did John derive income from?
Answer: fines, court fees and the sale of charters and other privileges |
Context: Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 has the distinction of being the only naturally occurring fissile isotope. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope, uranium-233, can be produced from natural thorium and is also important in nuclear technology. While uranium-238 has a small probability for spontaneous fission or even induced fission with fast neutrons, uranium-235 and to a lesser degree uranium-233 have a much higher fission cross-section for slow neutrons. In sufficient concentration, these isotopes maintain a sustained nuclear chain reaction. This generates the heat in nuclear power reactors, and produces the fissile material for nuclear weapons. Depleted uranium (238U) is used in kinetic energy penetrators and armor plating.
Question: What is the sole fissile isotope that occurs in nature?
Answer: Uranium-235
Question: What can be turned into plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor?
Answer: Uranium-238
Question: What uranium isotope is produced from thorium?
Answer: uranium-233
Question: Along with uranium-235, what isotope is noted for having a high fission cross-section for slow neutrons?
Answer: uranium-233
Question: What is 238U?
Answer: Depleted uranium
Question: What is the sole fissile isotope that occurs out of nature?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can't be turned into plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What uranium isotope is produced into thorium?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with uranium-235, what isotope is noted for having a low fission cross-section for slow neutrons?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is 239U?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council.
Question: What form of government does Ann Arbor have?
Answer: council-manager
Question: How many voting members are there in the city- council?
Answer: 11
Question: How many terms does the mayor of the city serve?
Answer: two-year
Question: Who is elected every even numbered year?
Answer: mayor
Question: How many council members are elected for the city's ward?
Answer: Two
Question: Who is the current Republican mayor of Ann Arbor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What administrator manages day to day operations and is chosen by the mayor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was chosen mayor in the last odd numbered year?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Population geneticists have debated whether the concept of population can provide a basis for a new conception of race. In order to do this, a working definition of population must be found. Surprisingly, there is no generally accepted concept of population that biologists use. Although the concept of population is central to ecology, evolutionary biology and conservation biology, most definitions of population rely on qualitative descriptions such as "a group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular space at a particular time" Waples and Gaggiotti identify two broad types of definitions for populations; those that fall into an ecological paradigm, and those that fall into an evolutionary paradigm. Examples of such definitions are:
Question: What type of geneticists have debates about what can provide a basis for a new conception of race?
Answer: Population
Question: What class of researchers surprisingly have no generally accepted concept of population?
Answer: biologists
Question: What do most definitions of population rely on?
Answer: qualitative descriptions
Question: What do Waples and Gaggiotti identify two broad types of?
Answer: definitions for populations
Question: What are both ecological and evolutionary definition modifiers of?
Answer: paradigm |
Context: Though the sultan was the supreme monarch, the sultan's political and executive authority was delegated. The politics of the state had a number of advisors and ministers gathered around a council known as Divan (after the 17th century it was renamed the "Porte"). The Divan, in the years when the Ottoman state was still a Beylik, was composed of the elders of the tribe. Its composition was later modified to include military officers and local elites (such as religious and political advisors). Later still, beginning in 1320, a Grand Vizier was appointed to assume certain of the sultan's responsibilities. The Grand Vizier had considerable independence from the sultan with almost unlimited powers of appointment, dismissal and supervision. Beginning with the late 16th century, sultans withdrew from politics and the Grand Vizier became the de facto head of state.
Question: The sultan of the ottoman empire had what honorific?
Answer: the supreme monarch
Question: What was the council that handled state politics named?
Answer: Divan
Question: What type of people were initially in the Divan?
Answer: elders of the tribe
Question: At a later point other groups were admitted into the Divan, what groups?
Answer: military officers and local elites
Question: A Grand Vizar began to be appointed in what year?
Answer: 1320 |
Context:
Malaysia: The event was held in the capital city, Kuala Lumpur, on April 21. The 16.5 km long-relay began from the historic Independence Square, passed in front of several city landmarks before coming to an end at the iconic Petronas Twin Towers. Among the landmarks the Olympic flame passed next to were the Parliament House, National Mosque, KL Tower and Merdeka Stadium. A team of 1000 personnel from the Malaysian police Special Action Squad guarded the event and escorted the torchbearers. The last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia was the 1964 Tokyo edition.
Question: When did the torch visit Malaysia?
Answer: April 21
Question: What is the capital city of Malaysia?
Answer: Kuala Lumpur
Question: Where did the route begin in Malaysia?
Answer: Independence Square
Question: Prior to the 2008 games, when did Malaysia last see an Olympic torch relay?
Answer: 1964
Question: What is the location of the start of the relay in Malaysia?
Answer: Independence Square
Question: Where did the relay end in Malaysia?
Answer: Petronas Twin Towers.
Question: What year was the last torch relay event in Malaysia?
Answer: 1964
Question: How many Special Police protected the relay event?
Answer: 1000 |
Context: Because of a low literacy rate among the public (about 2–3% until the early 19th century and just about 15% at the end of 19th century),[citation needed] ordinary people had to hire scribes as "special request-writers" (arzuhâlcis) to be able to communicate with the government. The ethnic groups continued to speak within their families and neighborhoods (mahalles) with their own languages (e.g., Jews, Greeks, Armenians, etc.). In villages where two or more populations lived together, the inhabitants would often speak each other's language. In cosmopolitan cities, people often spoke their family languages; many of those who were not ethnic Turks spoke Turkish as a second language.
Question: What was the public's literacy rate in leading up to the early 19th century in the empire?
Answer: about 2–3%
Question: At the end of the 19th century what was the literacy rate for the public in the Empire believed to be?
Answer: 15%
Question: What did people resort to when they needed to communicate with the government?
Answer: people had to hire scribes
Question: What were hired scribes known as?
Answer: "special request-writers" (arzuhâlcis)
Question: What was the second language of those that weren't ethnically Turkish?
Answer: Turkish |
Context: During the mid-2000s, the city witnessed its largest real estate boom since the Florida land boom of the 1920s. During this period, the city had well over a hundred approved high-rise construction projects in which 50 were actually built. In 2007, however, the housing market crashed causing lots of foreclosures on houses. This rapid high-rise construction, has led to fast population growth in the city's inner neighborhoods, primarily in Downtown, Brickell and Edgewater, with these neighborhoods becoming the fastest-growing areas in the city. The Miami area ranks 8th in the nation in foreclosures. In 2011, Forbes magazine named Miami the second-most miserable city in the United States due to its high foreclosure rate and past decade of corruption among public officials. In 2012, Forbes magazine named Miami the most miserable city in the United States because of a crippling housing crisis that has cost multitudes of residents their homes and jobs. The metro area has one of the highest violent crime rates in the country and workers face lengthy daily commutes.
Question: When did the Florida land boom occur?
Answer: 1920s
Question: What year saw the crash of the Miami housing market?
Answer: 2007
Question: Where does the area around Miami rank nationally in terms of foreclosures?
Answer: 8th
Question: Along with its political corruption, why did Forbes call Miami the country's second most miserable city in 2011?
Answer: high foreclosure rate
Question: In what year did Forbes call Miami the country's most miserable city?
Answer: 2012
Question: When did the Florida land bust occur?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year saw the boom of the Miami housing market?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where does the area around Miami rank internationally in terms of foreclosures?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with its political corruption, why did Forbes call Miami the country's second most miserable city in 2001?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Forbes call Miami the country's least miserable city?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, depending on depth beneath the surface and position along the length of the glacier. In a similar way, the thermal regime of a glacier is often described by the temperature at its base alone. A cold-based glacier is below freezing at the ice-ground interface, and is thus frozen to the underlying substrate. A warm-based glacier is above or at freezing at the interface, and is able to slide at this contact. This contrast is thought to a large extent to govern the ability of a glacier to effectively erode its bed, as sliding ice promotes plucking at rock from the surface below. Glaciers which are partly cold-based and partly warm-based are known as polythermal.
Question: From where is the temperature of a glacier measured?
Answer: base alone
Question: Which type of glacier is above or at freezing at it's interface and is able to slide?
Answer: warm-based glacier
Question: What temperature makes a glacier polythermal?
Answer: partly cold-based and partly warm-based
Question: What temperature determines a polar glacier?
Answer: always below freezing point from the surface to its base
Question: What temperature characteristic determines a temperate glacier?
Answer: melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base
Question: What temperature is a polar glacier always above?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What temperature is a temperate glacier always above?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two types of ice are contained in a polar glacier?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why are warm based glaciers not able to slide?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why is it cold basically sure able to slide?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Between 64 and 104 major aftershocks, ranging in magnitude from 4.0 to 6.1, were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake. According to Chinese official counts, "by 12:00 CST, November 6, 2008 there had been 42,719 total aftershocks, of which 246 ranged from 4.0 MS to 4.9 MS, 34 from 5.0 MS to 5.9 MS, and 8 from 6.0 Ms to 6.4 MS; the strongest aftershock measured 6.4 MS." The latest aftershock exceeding M6 occurred on August 5, 2008.
Question: How many aftershocks were there?
Answer: Between 64 and 104
Question: When were the aftershocks recorded?
Answer: within 72 hours of the main quake.
Question: When did the latest magnitude 6 aftershock occur?
Answer: on August 5, 2008
Question: How many aftershocks were there within 72 hours?
Answer: Between 64 and 104
Question: What do the Chinese say is the total number of shocks after the quake?
Answer: 42,719
Question: What did the strongest aftershock measure?
Answer: 6.4 MS
Question: How many shocks ranged from 4.0 MS to 4.9 MS?
Answer: 246
Question: At what date did the most recent aftershock above 6 MS occur?
Answer: August 5, 2008 |
Context: In the 2005–06 season, Barcelona repeated their league and Supercup successes. The pinnacle of the league season arrived at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in a 3–0 win over Real Madrid. It was Frank Rijkaard's second victory at the Bernabéu, making him the first Barcelona manager to win there twice. Ronaldinho's performance was so impressive that after his second goal, which was Barcelona's third, some Real Madrid fans gave him a standing ovation. In the Champions League, Barcelona beat the English club Arsenal in the final. Trailing 1–0 to a 10-man Arsenal and with less than 15 minutes remaining, they came back to win 2–1, with substitute Henrik Larsson, in his final appearance for the club, setting up goals for Samuel Eto'o and fellow substitute Juliano Belletti, for the club's first European Cup victory in 14 years.
Question: Where did Barcelona defeat Real Madrid for a trophy win in 2005-06?
Answer: Santiago Bernabéu Stadium
Question: What was the winning score for the game with Real Madrid at Bernabeu stadium?
Answer: 3–0
Question: How many wins did Frank Rijkaard have at Bernabeu Stadium?
Answer: second victory
Question: What recognition did Ronaldinho's second goal receive at Bernabeu?
Answer: standing ovation
Question: What team did Barcelona defeat to win the Champions League trophy?
Answer: Arsenal |
Context: Between 1832 and 2002 the currency of Greece was the drachma. After signing the Maastricht Treaty, Greece applied to join the eurozone. The two main convergence criteria were a maximum budget deficit of 3% of GDP and a declining public debt if it stood above 60% of GDP. Greece met the criteria as shown in its 1999 annual public account. On 1 January 2001, Greece joined the eurozone, with the adoption of the euro at the fixed exchange rate ₯340.75 to €1. However, in 2001 the euro only existed electronically, so the physical exchange from drachma to euro only took place on 1 January 2002. This was followed by a ten-year period for eligible exchange of drachma to euro, which ended on 1 March 2012.
Question: What was the currency of Greece until 2002?
Answer: drachma
Question: What did Greece sign to apply to join the eurozone?
Answer: Maastricht Treaty
Question: How many convergence criteria were there in the treaty?
Answer: two
Question: When did the physical exchange of the drachma to euro take place?
Answer: January 2002
Question: When did the ten-year period for eligible exchange of the drachma to euro end?
Answer: March 2012
Question: What was the banned currency of Greece until 2002?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Greece sign to apply to leave the eurozone?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many convergence criteria were ignored in the treaty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the physical exchange of the drachma to euro become illegal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the twenty-year period for eligible exchange of the drachma to euro end?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Immunology is a branch of biomedical science that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms. It charts, measures, and contextualizes the: physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, and transplant rejection); the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo. Immunology has applications in numerous disciplines of medicine, particularly in the fields of organ transplantation, oncology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, psychiatry, and dermatology.
Question: In general, what does immunology study?
Answer: immune systems in all organisms
Question: Immunology studies the functioning of the immune system in which two states of being?
Answer: both health and diseases
Question: Name three types of immunological disorders?
Answer: autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, and transplant rejection
Question: Immunology studies the immune system in which three stages of existence?
Answer: in vitro, in situ, and in vivo
Question: What disciplines in medicine have particularly strong immunology applications?
Answer: organ transplantation, oncology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, psychiatry, and dermatology |
Context: Dante made Virgil his guide in Hell and the greater part of Purgatory in The Divine Comedy. Dante also mentions Virgil in De vulgari eloquentia, along with Ovid, Lucan and Statius, as one of the four regulati poetae (ii, vi, 7).
Question: In which of Dante's works was Virgil a guide through Hell and Purgatory?
Answer: Divine Comedy
Question: Who was the author of the Divine Comedy?
Answer: Dante
Question: Who was Dante's guide through Purgatory and Hell in the Divine Comedy?
Answer: Virgil
Question: How many books did Dante write?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was Dante's favorite author?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Dante's longest book?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which poet was more famous, Lucan or Statius?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The abbey was restored to the Benedictines under the Catholic Mary I of England, but they were again ejected under Elizabeth I in 1559. In 1560, Elizabeth re-established Westminster as a "Royal Peculiar" – a church of the Church of England responsible directly to the Sovereign, rather than to a diocesan bishop – and made it the Collegiate Church of St Peter (that is, a non-cathedral church with an attached chapter of canons, headed by a dean.) The last of Mary's abbots was made the first dean.
Question: The abbey was regiven to the Benedictines under whom?
Answer: Mary I of England
Question: Who ejected the Benedictines again in 1559?
Answer: Elizabeth I
Question: What was the new name of the abbey when Elizabeth I reestablished it?
Answer: Collegiate Church of St Peter
Question: Who was made the first dean of the new church?
Answer: The last of Mary's abbots
Question: The abbey was forgiven to the Benedictines under whom?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The abbey wasn't regiven to the Benedictines under whom?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who accepted the Benedictines again in 1559?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who ejected the Benedictines again in 1595?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the new name of the abbey when Elizabeth II reestablished it?
Answer: Unanswerable |
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