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Context: Since the 1990s food has become a more important part of a pub's trade, and today most pubs serve lunches and dinners at the table in addition to (or instead of) snacks consumed at the bar. They may have a separate dining room. Some pubs serve meals to a higher standard, to match good restaurant standards; these are sometimes termed gastropubs.
Question: During what decade did food become an important aspect of a pub's business?
Answer: the 1990s
Question: Along with dinners, what meals do modern pubs often serve?
Answer: lunches
Question: What is a term for pubs that serve restaurant-quality food?
Answer: gastropubs
Question: Other than the bar, in what room might patrons of a pub eat?
Answer: dining room |
Context: Heartwood (or duramen) is wood that as a result of a naturally occurring chemical transformation has become more resistant to decay. Heartwood formation occurs spontaneously (it is a genetically programmed process). Once heartwood formation is complete, the heartwood is dead. Some uncertainty still exists as to whether heartwood is truly dead, as it can still chemically react to decay organisms, but only once.
Question: What's another word for "duramen"?
Answer: Heartwood
Question: What is heartwood naturally resistant to?
Answer: decay
Question: How does heartwood formation occur due to its being genetically programmed?
Answer: spontaneously
Question: What adjective describes fully formed heartwood?
Answer: dead
Question: Despite being considered dead, what can heartwood have one chemical reaction to?
Answer: decay organisms |
Context: Government phonology, which originated in the early 1980s as an attempt to unify theoretical notions of syntactic and phonological structures, is based on the notion that all languages necessarily follow a small set of principles and vary according to their selection of certain binary parameters. That is, all languages' phonological structures are essentially the same, but there is restricted variation that accounts for differences in surface realizations. Principles are held to be inviolable, though parameters may sometimes come into conflict. Prominent figures in this field include Jonathan Kaye, Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-Roger Vergnaud, Monik Charette, and John Harris.
Question: When was Government phonology first seen?
Answer: the early 1980s
Question: Jonathan Kaye is an important person in what form of phonology?
Answer: Government
Question: What is responsible for differences in surface realizations according to Government phonology?
Answer: restricted variation
Question: When were government principles first seen?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Jonathan Kaye is an important person in what form of conflict?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is responsible for differences in surface realizations according to government conflict?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What vary according to their selection of government?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is true of all languages' field parameters?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The most serious objection to regarding the Demoiselles as the origin of Cubism, with its evident influence of primitive art, is that "such deductions are unhistorical", wrote the art historian Daniel Robbins. This familiar explanation "fails to give adequate consideration to the complexities of a flourishing art that existed just before and during the period when Picasso's new painting developed." Between 1905 and 1908, a conscious search for a new style caused rapid changes in art across France, Germany, Holland, Italy, and Russia. The Impressionists had used a double point of view, and both Les Nabis and the Symbolists (who also admired Cézanne) flattened the picture plane, reducing their subjects to simple geometric forms. Neo-Impressionist structure and subject matter, most notably to be seen in the works of Georges Seurat (e.g., Parade de Cirque, Le Chahut and Le Cirque), was another important influence. There were also parallels in the development of literature and social thought.
Question: What did Daniel Robbins say about Demoiselles being the beginning of Cubism?
Answer: such deductions are unhistorical
Question: During which years did the conscious begin to look for a new style in Germany, Italy, Russia, and Holland?
Answer: 1905 and 1908,
Question: Which impressionist movements were also influenced by Cubism?
Answer: Les Nabis and the Symbolists
Question: Which technique did the Impressionists use to make their subjects simple forms?
Answer: double point of view
Question: What did Daniel Robbins say about Demoiselles being the end of Cubism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During which years did the conscious begin to look for a old style in Germany, Italy, Russia, and Holland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which impressionist movements were not influenced by Cubism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which technique did the Impressionists use to not make their subjects simple forms?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: By 1353, the three original cantons had joined with the cantons of Glarus and Zug and the Lucerne, Zürich and Bern city states to form the "Old Confederacy" of eight states that existed until the end of the 15th century. The expansion led to increased power and wealth for the federation. By 1460, the confederates controlled most of the territory south and west of the Rhine to the Alps and the Jura mountains, particularly after victories against the Habsburgs (Battle of Sempach, Battle of Näfels), over Charles the Bold of Burgundy during the 1470s, and the success of the Swiss mercenaries. The Swiss victory in the Swabian War against the Swabian League of Emperor Maximilian I in 1499 amounted to de facto independence within the Holy Roman Empire.
Question: In what year did the three original cantons join with five other cantons to form the "Old Confederacy" of eight states?
Answer: By 1353
Question: Which century did the Old Confederacy of the eight states exist until?
Answer: end of the 15th century
Question: What effect did the expansion of the three cantons into eight have on the status of the federation?
Answer: increased power and wealth
Question: By 1460, who controlled most of the territory south and west of the Rhine?
Answer: the confederates
Question: Which Swiss victory in 1499 amounted to de facto independence within the Holy Roman Empire?
Answer: Swabian War |
Context: The army employs various individual weapons to provide light firepower at short ranges. The most common weapons used by the army are the compact variant of the M16 rifle, the M4 carbine, as well as the 7.62×51mm variant of the FN SCAR for Army Rangers. The primary sidearm in the U.S. Army is the 9 mm M9 pistol; the M11 pistol is also used. Both handguns are to be replaced through the Modular Handgun System program. Soldiers are also equiped with various hand grenades, such as the M67 fragmentation grenade and M18 smoke grenade.
Question: What is the primary sidearm used by the U.S. Army?
Answer: 9 mm M9 pistol
Question: What type of frag grenade is used by the U.S. Army?
Answer: M67
Question: The M18 is a type of what kind of grenade?
Answer: smoke
Question: Through what system are handguns being replacedby the U.S. Army?
Answer: Modular Handgun System
Question: What is the primary sidearm used by the Coast Guard?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of frag grenade is used by the Coast Guard?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of grenade is the M17?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What system is replacing hats in the U.S. Army?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the most common weapons used by the Navy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Samatha meditation starts from being mindful of an object or idea, which is expanded to one's body, mind and entire surroundings, leading to a state of total concentration and tranquility (jhāna). There are many variations in the style of meditation, from sitting cross-legged or kneeling to chanting or walking. The most common method of meditation is to concentrate on one's breath (anapanasati), because this practice can lead to both samatha and vipassana'.
Question: Samatha meditation starts from being mindful of an object or what?
Answer: idea
Question: What is the term for tranquility?
Answer: jhāna |
Context: The region covers an area of 1,579 square kilometres (610 sq mi). The population density is 5,177 inhabitants per square kilometre (13,410/sq mi), more than ten times that of any other British region. In terms of population, London is the 19th largest city and the 18th largest metropolitan region in the world. As of 2014[update], London has the largest number of billionaires (British Pound Sterling) in the world, with 72 residing in the city. London ranks as one of the most expensive cities in the world, alongside Tokyo and Moscow.
Question: With which two other cities is London named one of the most expensive in the world?
Answer: Tokyo and Moscow
Question: Where does London rank in terms of the world's largest cities?
Answer: 19th
Question: About how many billionaires call London home?
Answer: 72 |
Context: In any case, Alexander's toppling of the Achaemenid Empire, after his victories at the battles of the Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, and his advance as far as modern-day Pakistan and Tajikistan, provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way. While the Alexandrian empire did not survive its creator's death intact, the cultural implications of the spread of Hellenism across much of the Middle East and Asia were to prove long lived as Greek became the lingua franca, a position it retained even in Roman times. Many Greeks settled in Hellenistic cities like Alexandria, Antioch and Seleucia. Two thousand years later, there are still communities in Pakistan and Afghanistan, like the Kalash, who claim to be descended from Greek settlers.
Question: What Macedonian ruler helped to advance Greek beliefs and ways of life ?
Answer: Alexander
Question: How was this achievement of advancing culture undertaken ?
Answer: provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way
Question: What types of cities did the expansion of the great ruler inspire ?
Answer: Hellenistic cities
Question: Are any relatives of the first people of the Grecian world still around ?
Answer: there are still communities in Pakistan and Afghanistan, like the Kalash, who claim to be descended from Greek settlers.
Question: Name a city that the Greeks nested in ?
Answer: cities like Alexandria, Antioch and Seleucia.
Question: What Macedonian ruler didn't help to advance Greek beliefs and ways of life?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How wasn't this achievement of advancing culture undertaken?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What types of cities didn't the expansion of the great ruler inspire?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Are any relatives of the first people of the Grecian world no longer around?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
Question: A preaspirated consonant is marked how?
Answer: placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol
Question: What represents a preaspirated bilabial stop?
Answer: ⟨ʰp⟩
Question: Preaspirated symbols are marked how?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What represents the unaspirated bilabial stop?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What represents the aspiration modifier letter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What represents the preaspirated bilabial start?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Unaspirated consonants are marked how?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth £304 million over five seasons. The next contract, negotiated to start from the 1997–98 season, rose to £670 million over four seasons. The third contract was a £1.024 billion deal with BSkyB for the three seasons from 2001–02 to 2003–04. The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004–05 to 2006–07. It sold the rights itself on a territory-by-territory basis. Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available. This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company. Sky and Setanta paid a total of £1.7 billion, a two-thirds increase which took many commentators by surprise as it had been widely assumed that the value of the rights had levelled off following many years of rapid growth. Setanta also hold rights to a live 3 pm match solely for Irish viewers. The BBC has retained the rights to show highlights for the same three seasons (on Match of the Day) for £171.6 million, a 63 per cent increase on the £105 million it paid for the previous three-year period. Sky and BT have agreed to jointly pay £84.3 million for delayed television rights to 242 games (that is the right to broadcast them in full on television and over the internet) in most cases for a period of 50 hours after 10 pm on matchday. Overseas television rights fetched £625 million, nearly double the previous contract. The total raised from these deals is more than £2.7 billion, giving Premier League clubs an average media income from league games of around £40 million-a-year from 2007 to 2010.
Question: How much was the amount of first five seasons of the Sky television rights?
Answer: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth £304 million over five seasons.
Question: How much many did the Premier League make from selling its internation rights during 2004-07?
Answer: The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004–05 to 2006–07
Question: What happened to Sky's agreement in 2006.
Answer: Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available.
Question: Why did this happen?
Answer: This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company.
Question: What was the average income from media from 2007-2010 for the Premier League?
Answer: giving Premier League clubs an average media income from league games of around £40 million-a-year from 2007 to 2010.
Question: How many seasons did the first television rights contract award to Sky?
Answer: five
Question: How much was the first television rights contract awarded to Sky worth?
Answer: £304 million
Question: How much was the second television rights contract awarded to Sky worth?
Answer: £670 million
Question: How much was the third television rights contract awarded to Sky worth?
Answer: £1.024 billion
Question: By being awarded television rights, which other network broke Sky's monopoly on Premier League coverage?
Answer: Setanta Sports
Question: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth how much money over a six year period?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth 105 million over what time period?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The second contract began in the 1996 season and was worth how much?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much was the second contract worth over a three season period?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much was the third contract worth over a four season period?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The popularity of this particular representation of The Immaculate Conception spread across the rest of Europe, and has since remained the best known artistic depiction of the concept: in a heavenly realm, moments after her creation, the spirit of Mary (in the form of a young woman) looks up in awe at (or bows her head to) God. The moon is under her feet and a halo of twelve stars surround her head, possibly a reference to "a woman clothed with the sun" from Revelation 12:1-2. Additional imagery may include clouds, a golden light, and cherubs. In some paintings the cherubim are holding lilies and roses, flowers often associated with Mary.
Question: What became very popular symbol among the who believed Mary had a Virgin for a mother ?
Answer: in a heavenly realm, moments after her creation, the spirit of Mary (in the form of a young woman) looks up in awe at (or bows her head to) God
Question: What does Mary stand upon in this symbol?
Answer: moon is under her feet
Question: What does Mary where atop her hair that twinkles in the symbol ?
Answer: a halo of twelve stars surround her head
Question: What else can be found in the symbol with Mary that may vary in different versions ?
Answer: clouds, a golden light, and cherubs. In some paintings the cherubim are holding lilies and roses, flowers often associated with Mary.
Question: What spread across Europe and the Near East?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of flowers does Mary hold in her hands?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is under the feet of the Cherubs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is Mary depicted before her creation?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In theory, the stadtholders were freely appointed by and subordinate to the states of each province. However, in practice the princes of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau, beginning with William the Silent, were always chosen as stadtholders of most of the provinces. Zeeland and usually Utrecht had the same stadtholder as Holland.
Question: Who appointed the stadtholders?
Answer: the states of each province
Question: Who were always chosen as stadtholders of most of the provinces?
Answer: the princes of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau, beginning with William the Silent
Question: Which states had the same stadtholder as Holland?
Answer: Zeeland and usually Utrecht
Question: What are two things that define the princes in theory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who appointed the princes of Orange?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who had the same princes as Holland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was subordinate to Zeeland and Utrecht?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were Zeeland and Utrecht always chosen as?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In May 2005, the first high definition video conferencing systems, produced by LifeSize Communications, were displayed at the Interop trade show in Las Vegas, Nevada, able to provide video at 30 frames per second with a 1280 by 720 display resolution. Polycom introduced its first high definition video conferencing system to the market in 2006. As of the 2010s, high definition resolution for videoconferencing became a popular feature, with most major suppliers in the videoconferencing market offering it.
Question: What year was the first HD video conferencing system displayed?
Answer: 2005
Question: Who produced the first high definition video conferencing system?
Answer: LifeSize Communications
Question: Where was the first HD video conferencing system displayed?
Answer: Las Vegas, Nevada
Question: What company introduced the first HD video conferencing system to the general market?
Answer: Polycom
Question: What was the resolution of the first HD video conferencing system?
Answer: 1280 by 720
Question: In 2006, what was produced by Lifesize Comunications?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was Polycom displayed in May 2005?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did LifeSize Communications introduce in 2006?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Interlop become a popular feature?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did most suppliers in the display resolution market offer in the 2010's?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingdom). This resulted in the export of Greek culture and language to these new realms through Greco-Macedonian colonization, spanning as far as modern-day Pakistan. Equally, however, these new kingdoms were influenced by the indigenous cultures, adopting local practices where beneficial, necessary, or convenient. Hellenistic culture thus represents a fusion of the Ancient Greek world with that of the Near East, Middle East, and Southwest Asia, and a departure from earlier Greek attitudes towards "barbarian" cultures. The Hellenistic period was characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization (as distinguished from that occurring in the 8th–6th centuries BC) which established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa. Those new cities were composed of Greek colonists who came from different parts of the Greek world, and not, as before, from a specific "mother city". The main cultural centers expanded from mainland Greece to Pergamon, Rhodes, and new Greek colonies such as Seleucia, Antioch, Alexandria and Ai-Khanoum. This mixture of Greek-speakers gave birth to a common Attic-based dialect, known as Koine Greek, which became the lingua franca through the Hellenistic world.
Question: What is a common Attic-based dialect?
Answer: Koine Greek
Question: Where is the Ptolemaic Kingdom?
Answer: north-east Africa
Question: Where is the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom?
Answer: South Asia
Question: Where is the Indo-Greek Kingdom?
Answer: South Asia
Question: Where is the Kingdom of Pergamon?
Answer: south-west Asia |
Context: In 2000, the FBI began the Trilogy project to upgrade its outdated information technology (IT) infrastructure. This project, originally scheduled to take three years and cost around $380 million, ended up going far over budget and behind schedule. Efforts to deploy modern computers and networking equipment were generally successful, but attempts to develop new investigation software, outsourced to Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), were not. Virtual Case File, or VCF, as the software was known, was plagued by poorly defined goals, and repeated changes in management. In January 2005, more than two years after the software was originally planned for completion, the FBI officially abandoned the project. At least $100 million (and much more by some estimates) was spent on the project, which never became operational. The FBI has been forced to continue using its decade-old Automated Case Support system, which IT experts consider woefully inadequate. In March 2005, the FBI announced it was beginning a new, more ambitious software project, code-named Sentinel, which they expected to complete by 2009.
Question: When did the FBI begin the Trilogy project?
Answer: 2000
Question: What project centered on upgrading FBI Information Technology Infrastructure?
Answer: Trilogy project
Question: Did the Trilogy project go over budget?
Answer: far over budget
Question: When did the FBI abandon the VCF project?
Answer: January 2005 |
Context: Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad.
Question: What is another term for xalwo?
Answer: halva
Question: Along with wedding receptions, when is xalwo often consumed?
Answer: Eid celebrations
Question: What do the Somalis call frankincense?
Answer: lubaan
Question: What is the English word for cunnsi?
Answer: incense
Question: What do the Somalis call incense burners?
Answer: dabqaad |
Context: Russell moved the Watch Tower Society's headquarters to Brooklyn, New York, in 1909, combining printing and corporate offices with a house of worship; volunteers were housed in a nearby residence he named Bethel. He identified the religious movement as "Bible Students," and more formally as the International Bible Students Association. By 1910, about 50,000 people worldwide were associated with the movement and congregations re-elected him annually as their "pastor." Russell died October 31, 1916, at the age of 64 while returning from a ministerial speaking tour.
Question: When did Russell move the Society's headquarters to Brooklyn?
Answer: 1909
Question: What did Russell combine at the headquarters?
Answer: printing and corporate offices with a house of worship
Question: What was the name of the residence where volunteers were housed?
Answer: Bethel
Question: How many people worldwide were associated with Russell's movement by 1910?
Answer: about 50,000 people
Question: When did Russell die?
Answer: October 31, 1916
Question: In what month in 1909 did Russell move the Watch Tower Societies headquarters to Brooklyn, New York?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Russell establish the International Bible Students Association?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people in the United States were associated with Jehovah's Witnesses as of 1910?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year had Russell established the Watch Tower Society?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was one of the cities on Russell's 1916 ministerial speaking tour?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: As children coming of age, Scout and Jem face hard realities and learn from them. Lee seems to examine Jem's sense of loss about how his neighbors have disappointed him more than Scout's. Jem says to their neighbor Miss Maudie the day after the trial, "It's like bein' a caterpillar wrapped in a cocoon ... I always thought Maycomb folks were the best folks in the world, least that's what they seemed like". This leads him to struggle with understanding the separations of race and class. Just as the novel is an illustration of the changes Jem faces, it is also an exploration of the realities Scout must face as an atypical girl on the verge of womanhood. As one scholar writes, "To Kill a Mockingbird can be read as a feminist Bildungsroman, for Scout emerges from her childhood experiences with a clear sense of her place in her community and an awareness of her potential power as the woman she will one day be."
Question: What was the name of the neighbor that Jem speaks too after Tom Robinson's trial?
Answer: Miss Maudie
Question: What des Jem struggle to understand?
Answer: separations of race and class |
Context: On March 10, 1876, three days after his patent was issued, Bell succeeded in getting his telephone to work, using a liquid transmitter similar to Gray's design. Vibration of the diaphragm caused a needle to vibrate in the water, varying the electrical resistance in the circuit. When Bell spoke the famous sentence "Mr. Watson—Come here—I want to see you" into the liquid transmitter, Watson, listening at the receiving end in an adjoining room, heard the words clearly.
Question: What kind of transmitter did Bell put in his telephone?
Answer: liquid
Question: How did Bell refer to his partner in his well known line?
Answer: Mr. Watson
Question: What did the vibrations cause to change?
Answer: electrical resistance |
Context: While there is some international commonality in the way political parties are recognized, and in how they operate, there are often many differences, and some are significant. Many political parties have an ideological core, but some do not, and many represent very different ideologies than they did when first founded. In democracies, political parties are elected by the electorate to run a government. Many countries have numerous powerful political parties, such as Germany and India and some nations have one-party systems, such as China. The United States is a two-party system, with its two most powerful parties being the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
Question: What are the two most powerful political parties in the United States?
Answer: Democratic Party and the Republican Party
Question: Name a nation that has a one-party political system.
Answer: China
Question: How are political parties elected in democracies?
Answer: the electorate
Question: What are some countries that have multiple powerful political parties?
Answer: Germany and India
Question: What did China have when its government was first founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the differences in the way people vote in China compared to other countries?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where does the ideology of China's main political parties come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the main purpose changing an ideology after a government is founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one thing Germany and India have changed after their governments were founded?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Palacio Salvo, at the intersection of 18 de Julio Avenue and Plaza Independencia, was designed by the architect Mario Palanti and completed in 1925. Palanti, an Italian immigrant living in Buenos Aires, used a similar design for his Palacio Barolo in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Palacio Salvo stands 100 metres (330 ft) high, including its antenna. It is built on the former site of the Confitería La Giralda, renowned for being where Gerardo Matos Rodríguez wrote his tango "La Cumparsita" (1917.) Palacio Salvo was originally intended to function as a hotel but is now a mixture of offices and private residences.
Question: Who designed the Palacio Salvo?
Answer: Mario Palanti
Question: What year was the Palacio Salvo completed?
Answer: 1925
Question: How high does the Palacio Salvo stand?
Answer: 100 metres (330 ft) high |
Context: A 2009 Cochrane review concluded that thiazide antihypertensive drugs reduce the risk of death (RR 0.89), stroke (RR 0.63), coronary heart disease (RR 0.84), and cardiovascular events (RR 0.70) in people with high blood pressure. In the ensuring years other classes of antihypertensive drug were developed and found wide acceptance in combination therapy, including loop diuretics (Lasix/furosemide, Hoechst Pharmaceuticals, 1963), beta blockers (ICI Pharmaceuticals, 1964) ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers. ACE inhibitors reduce the risk of new onset kidney disease [RR 0.71] and death [RR 0.84] in diabetic patients, irrespective of whether they have hypertension.
Question: What do ACE inhibitors do?
Answer: reduce the risk of new onset kidney disease [RR 0.71] and death [RR 0.84] in diabetic patients
Question: What drugs reduce the risk of death and other events in people with high blood pressure?
Answer: thiazide antihypertensive drugs
Question: Who conducted the review on Thiazide Antihypertensive drugs?
Answer: Cochrane
Question: What were Thiazide Antihypertensive drugs used with?
Answer: combination therapy
Question: In what year did Cochrane release the report?
Answer: 2009
Question: What reduces the risk of new onset kidney diseases and death?
Answer: ACE inhibitors
Question: What type of drugs reduced the risk of strokes and heart disease for people with high blood pressure?
Answer: thiazide antihypertensive drugs
Question: In what year was thiazide antihypertensive drugs shown to help those with heart problems?
Answer: 2009
Question: What do RRE inhibitors do?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What drugs reduce the risk of death and other events in people with ACE?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who conducted the review on RRE drugs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were RRE drugs used with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did ACE release the report?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Beginning in August, the competition proceeds as a knockout tournament throughout, consisting of twelve rounds, a semi-final and then a final, in May. A system of byes ensures clubs above Level 9 and 10 enter the competition at later stages. There is no seeding, the fixtures in each round being determined by a random draw. Prior to the semi-finals, fixtures ending in a tie are replayed once only. The first six rounds are qualifiers, with the draws organised on a regional basis. The next six rounds are the "proper" rounds where all clubs are in one draw.
Question: When is the final?
Answer: May
Question: When do clubs above 9 enter?
Answer: clubs above Level 9 and 10 enter the competition at later stages
Question: Is there seeding?
Answer: There is no seeding,
Question: What happens in the event of a tie?
Answer: fixtures ending in a tie are replayed once only
Question: What are the first 6 rounds?
Answer: The first six rounds are qualifiers
Question: What month is the semi-final in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What ensures that clubs below Level 9 and 10 enter the competition at later stages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What enters the competition in early stages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is not determined by a random draw?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happens when there is a tie after the semi-finals?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Daily Star had been launched in 1978 by Express Newspaper, and by 1981 had begun to affect sales of The Sun. Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price removed the Daily Star's competitive advantage opening a new circulation battle which resulted in The Sun neutralising the threat of the new paper. The new editor of The Sun, Kelvin MacKenzie, took up his post in 1981 just after these developments, and "changed the British tabloid concept more profoundly than [Larry] Lamb did", according to Bruce Page, MacKenzie The paper became "more outrageous, opinionated and irreverent than anything ever produced in Britain".
Question: What newspaper was founded by Express Newspaper?
Answer: The Daily Star
Question: By what year had The Daily Star started impacting The Sun's sales?
Answer: 1981
Question: What helped the Sun overcome the Daily Star's challenge?
Answer: Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price
Question: Who became editor of the Sun in 1981?
Answer: Kelvin MacKenzie
Question: What impact was Mackenzie said to have?
Answer: changed the British tabloid concept more profoundly than [Larry] Lamb did" |
Context: The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. More than 133 billion litres (35 billion gallons) are sold per year—producing total global revenues of $294.5 billion (£147.7 billion) in 2006. The history of breweries has been one of absorbing smaller breweries in order to ensure economy of scale. In 2002 South African Breweries bought the North American Miller Brewing Company to found SABMiller, becoming the second largest brewery, after North American Anheuser-Bush. In 2004 the Belgian Interbrew was the third largest brewery by volume and the Brazilian AmBev was the fifth largest. They merged into InBev, becoming the largest brewery. In 2007, SABMiller surpassed InBev and Anheuser-Bush when it acquired Royal Grolsch, brewer of Dutch premium beer brand Grolsch in 2007. In 2008, InBev (the second-largest) bought Anheuser-Busch (the third largest), the new Anheuser-Busch InBev company became again the largest brewer in the world. As of 2015[update] AB InBev is the largest brewery, with SABMiller second, and Heineken International third.
Question: How many liters of beer are bought and sold every year?
Answer: More than 133 billion
Question: How much revenue did beer bring in in 2006?
Answer: $294.5 billion
Question: What year was the brewing Company SABMiller founded?
Answer: 2002
Question: What company acquired the Anheuser-Busch brewing Company in 2008?
Answer: InBev
Question: What was the largest brewing company in the world in 2015?
Answer: AB InBev
Question: What is sold in the amount of 53 billion gallons per year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did global revenues of $147.7 occur?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What brewery did the North American Miller Brewing Company buy in 2002?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What brewery followed SABMiller as the second largest in 2002?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which brewery followed Heineken International as the second largest in 2015?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Burke's last publications were the Letters on a Regicide Peace (October 1796), called forth by negotiations for peace with France by the Pitt government. Burke regarded this as appeasement, injurious to national dignity and honour. In his Second Letter, Burke wrote of the French Revolutionary Government: "Individuality is left out of their scheme of government. The State is all in all. Everything is referred to the production of force; afterwards, everything is trusted to the use of it. It is military in its principle, in its maxims, in its spirit, and in all its movements. The State has dominion and conquest for its sole objects—dominion over minds by proselytism, over bodies by arms".
Question: What was Burke's final publication?
Answer: Letters on a Regicide Peace
Question: When was Burke's final publication?
Answer: October 1796
Question: What did Burke think was missing from the French Revolutionary Government?
Answer: Individuality
Question: What did Burke think were the French Revolutionary Government's only goals?
Answer: dominion and conquest
Question: What negotiations did Burke think were appeasement?
Answer: negotiations for peace with France by the Pitt government
Question: What was Pitt's last publication?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did Burke say had too much individuality?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Burke say was problematic in his First letter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Burke believe would be good for the national dignity?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In countries such as China and Vietnam, the transition to a market economy has been a major factor in a move toward the rule of law, because a rule of law is important to foreign investors and to economic development. It remains unclear whether the rule of law in countries like China and Vietnam will be limited to commercial matters or will spill into other areas as well, and if so whether that spillover will enhance prospects for related values such as democracy and human rights. The rule of law in China has been widely discussed and debated by both legal scholars and politicians in China.
Question: Which two Asian countries have started to adopt the rule of law?
Answer: China and Vietnam
Question: What has influenced China and Vietnam to conform to the rule of law?
Answer: the transition to a market economy
Question: Who is debating the reliance on the rule of law in China?
Answer: legal scholars and politicians
Question: To whom is the rule of law important to in China's trade deals?
Answer: foreign investors
Question: What values might adherence to the rule of law subsequently influence in China?
Answer: democracy and human rights
Question: What type of economy has rule of law help China and Vietnam move towards?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is rule of law not important for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has already spilled over to other areas in China and Vietnam?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two Asian countries have refused to adopt the rule of law?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Due to a complete estrangement between the two as a result of campaigning, Truman and Eisenhower had minimal discussions about the transition of administrations. After selecting his budget director, Joseph M. Dodge, Eisenhower asked Herbert Brownell and Lucius Clay to make recommendations for his cabinet appointments. He accepted their recommendations without exception; they included John Foster Dulles and George M. Humphrey with whom he developed his closest relationships, and one woman, Oveta Culp Hobby. Eisenhower's cabinet, consisting of several corporate executives and one labor leader, was dubbed by one journalist, "Eight millionaires and a plumber." The cabinet was notable for its lack of personal friends, office seekers, or experienced government administrators. He also upgraded the role of the National Security Council in planning all phases of the Cold War.
Question: What woman was a member of Eisenhower's cabinet?
Answer: Oveta Culp Hobby
Question: Who was Eisenhower's budget director?
Answer: Joseph M. Dodge
Question: Along with Lucius Clay, who advised Eisenhower on cabinet appointments?
Answer: Herbert Brownell
Question: Along with George Humphrey, what cabinet official did Eisenhower have a close relationship with?
Answer: John Foster Dulles
Question: What quip was used to describe Eisenhower's cabinet?
Answer: Eight millionaires and a plumber |
Context: Earthworms make a significant contribution to soil fertility. The rear end of the Palolo worm, a marine polychaete that tunnels through coral, detaches in order to spawn at the surface, and the people of Samoa regard these spawning modules as a delicacy. Anglers sometimes find that worms are more effective bait than artificial flies, and worms can be kept for several days in a tin lined with damp moss. Ragworms are commercially important as bait and as food sources for aquaculture, and there have been proposals to farm them in order to reduce over-fishing of their natural populations. Some marine polychaetes' predation on molluscs causes serious losses to fishery and aquaculture operations.
Question: What type of annelid tunnels through coral?
Answer: Palolo worm
Question: What annelid's rear end do Samoans like to eat?
Answer: Palolo worm
Question: What type of bait do experienced anglers prefer?
Answer: spawning modules
Question: What do some polychaetes eat that has been causing problems?
Answer: molluscs
Question: What type of worm have there been proposals to farm?
Answer: Ragworms
Question: What type of annelid tunnels through gold?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What annelid's rear end do Samoans like to drink?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of bait do experienced anglers dislike?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do some polychaetes eat that is harmless?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of worm have there been proposals to kill?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The most common forms of uranium oxide are triuranium octoxide (U
3O
8) and UO
2. Both oxide forms are solids that have low solubility in water and are relatively stable over a wide range of environmental conditions. Triuranium octoxide is (depending on conditions) the most stable compound of uranium and is the form most commonly found in nature. Uranium dioxide is the form in which uranium is most commonly used as a nuclear reactor fuel. At ambient temperatures, UO
2 will gradually convert to U
3O
8. Because of their stability, uranium oxides are generally considered the preferred chemical form for storage or disposal.
Question: Along with UO2, what is the commonest form of uranium oxide?
Answer: triuranium octoxide
Question: What is the stablest uranium compound?
Answer: Triuranium octoxide
Question: In what form is uranium most often used as fuel for nuclear reactors?
Answer: Uranium dioxide
Question: Along with UO2, what is the least commonest form of uranium oxide?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the least stable uranium compound?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what form is uranium least often used as fuel for nuclear reactors?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the Middle Ages, Paris was a center of Jewish learning with famous Talmudic scholars, such as Yechiel of Paris who took part in the Disputation of Paris between Christian and Jewish intellectuals. The Parisian Jewish community was victim of persecution, alternating expulsions and returns, until France became the first country in Europe to emancipate its Jewish population during the French Revolution. Although 75% of the Jewish population in France survived the Holocaust during World War II, half the city's Jewish population perished in Nazi concentration camps, while some others fled abroad. A large migration of North Africa Sephardic Jews settled Paris in the 1960s, and represent most of the Paris Jewish community today. There are currently 83 synagogues in the city; The Marais-quarter Agoudas Hakehilos Synagogue, built in 1913 by architect Hector Guimard, is a Paris landmark.
Question: What percentage of France's Jewish population survived the holocaust?
Answer: 75
Question: When did a large number of Sephardic Jews settle in Paris?
Answer: 1960s
Question: Who built the Marais-quarter Agodudas Hakehilos Synagogue?
Answer: Hector Guimard
Question: When was the Marais-quarter Agoudas Hakehilos Synagogue built?
Answer: 1913 |
Context: Uncompressed audio as stored on an audio-CD has a bit rate of 1,411.2 kbit/s, (16 bit/sample × 44100 samples/second × 2 channels / 1000 bits/kilobit), so the bitrates 128, 160 and 192 kbit/s represent compression ratios of approximately 11:1, 9:1 and 7:1 respectively.
Question: What is stored on an audio-CD that has a bit rate of 1,411.2 kbit/s?
Answer: Uncompressed audio
Question: What does a bit rate of 128 represent in terms of compression ratio?
Answer: 11:1
Question: What would a bit rate of 160 correspond to in terms of compression ratio?
Answer: 9:1
Question: What would a bit rate of 192 kbit/s have for a compression ratio?
Answer: 7:1 |
Context: Richard Phillips Feynman was born on May 11, 1918, in Queens, New York City, the son of Lucille (née Phillips), a homemaker, and Melville Arthur Feynman, a sales manager. His family originated from Russia and Poland; both of his parents were Ashkenazi Jews. They were not religious, and by his youth Feynman described himself as an "avowed atheist". He also stated "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." Later in his life, during a visit to the Jewish Theological Seminary, he encountered the Talmud for the first time, and remarked that he found it a "wonderful book" and "valuable".
Question: What was the date of Feynman's birth?
Answer: May 11, 1918
Question: In what city was Feynman born?
Answer: New York City
Question: Whats is Feynman's religious affiliation?
Answer: atheist
Question: What Jewish affiliation did his parents hold?
Answer: Ashkenazi
Question: What did Feynam think of the Talmud?
Answer: "wonderful book" and "valuable"
Question: What was the incorrect date of Feynman's birth?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city was Feynman abandoned in at his birth?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whats is no longer Feynman's religious affiliation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Jewish affiliation did his parents revoke?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What book did Feynman not encounter in a Seminary?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Charles Darwin's grandfather Erasmus Darwin outlined a hypothesis of transmutation of species in the 1790s, and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck published a more developed theory in 1809. Both envisaged that spontaneous generation produced simple forms of life that progressively developed greater complexity, adapting to the environment by inheriting changes in adults caused by use or disuse. This process was later called Lamarckism. Lamarck thought there was an inherent progressive tendency driving organisms continuously towards greater complexity, in parallel but separate lineages with no extinction. Geoffroy contended that embryonic development recapitulated transformations of organisms in past eras when the environment acted on embryos, and that animal structures were determined by a constant plan as demonstrated by homologies. Georges Cuvier strongly disputed such ideas, holding that unrelated, fixed species showed similarities that reflected a design for functional needs. His palæontological work in the 1790s had established the reality of extinction, which he explained by local catastrophes, followed by repopulation of the affected areas by other species.
Question: What was the name of Charles Darwin's grandfather?
Answer: Erasmus Darwin
Question: What theory did Erasmus Darwin outline in the 1790s?
Answer: hypothesis of transmutation of species
Question: What was the name of the scientist who developed and published a more complex version of Erasmus Darwin's theory in 1809?
Answer: Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Question: What is the process of adapting to the environment and inheriting changes through use or disuse called?
Answer: Lamarckism
Question: Whose paleontology work in the 1790s established the reality of extinction?
Answer: Georges Cuvier |
Context: Barça's local rival has always been Espanyol. Blanc-i-blaus, being one of the clubs granted royal patronage, was founded exclusively by Spanish football fans, unlike the multinational nature of Barça's primary board. The founding message of the club was clearly anti-Barcelona, and they disapprovingly saw FC Barcelona as a team of foreigners. The rivalry was strengthened by what Catalonians saw as a provocative representative of Madrid. Their original ground was in the affluent district of Sarrià.
Question: What team is Barcelona's local rival?
Answer: Espanyol
Question: What club was granted royal patronage?
Answer: Blanc-i-blaus
Question: What type of group founded Espanyol?
Answer: Spanish football fans
Question: Of what element of Barcelona's board did Espanyol disapprove?
Answer: multinational nature
Question: Of what does team Espanyol view Barcelona as a team ?
Answer: foreigners |
Context: The series is set three years after the events of Digimon Adventure 02, when Digimon who turn rogue by a mysterious infection appear to wreak havoc in the Human World. Tai and the other DigiDestined from the original series reunite with their partners and start fighting back with support from the Japanese government, while Davis, Yolei, Cody and Ken are defeated by a powerful enemy called Alphamon and disappear without a trace. Tai and the others also meet another DigiDestined called Meiko Mochizuki and her partner Meicoomon who become their friends, until Meicoomon turns hostile as well and flees after an encounter with Ken, who reappears suddenly, once again as the Digimon Emperor. The film series also feature several DigiDestined having their partners Digivolve up to the Mega level for the first time, a feat only Tai and Matt had achieved previously.
Question: How soon after did another series start after the Digimon Adventure 02?
Answer: three years
Question: Whats the name of the group that defeats Cody and Ken?
Answer: Alphamon
Question: What happened for the first time to the DigiDestined in the film series?
Answer: the Mega level |
Context: The process of selectio resembles eclectic textual criticism, but applied to a restricted set of hypothetical hyparchetypes. The steps of examinatio and emendatio resemble copy-text editing. In fact, the other techniques can be seen as special cases of stemmatics in which a rigorous family history of the text cannot be determined but only approximated. If it seems that one manuscript is by far the best text, then copy text editing is appropriate, and if it seems that a group of manuscripts are good, then eclecticism on that group would be proper.
Question: Which steps most closely resembles copy-text editing?
Answer: examinatio and emendatio
Question: What process is best used when only one manuscript is viable?
Answer: copy text editing
Question: What process is best used when there are a number of viable manuscripts available?
Answer: eclecticism
Question: The process of selectio does not resemble what type of criticism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Eclectic criticism is not similar to what type of process?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which steps do not resemble copy-text editing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What process is not used when there are a number of viable manuscripts available?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When manuscripts are bad, what process gets used?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: eSATA does not supply power to external devices. This is an increasing disadvantage compared to USB. Even though USB 3.0's 4.5 W is sometimes insufficient to power external hard drives, technology is advancing and external drives gradually need less power, diminishing the eSATA advantage. eSATAp (power over eSATA; aka ESATA/USB) is a connector introduced in 2009 that supplies power to attached devices using a new, backward compatible, connector. On a notebook eSATAp usually supplies only 5 V to power a 2.5-inch HDD/SSD; on a desktop workstation it can additionally supply 12 V to power larger devices including 3.5-inch HDD/SSD and 5.25-inch optical drives.
Question: eSATA does not supply power to what?
Answer: external devices
Question: Even though USB 3.0's 4.5 W is sometimes insufficient to power external hard drives, technology is what?
Answer: advancing and external drives gradually need less power
Question: On a notebook eSATAp usually supplies how much power?
Answer: 5 V to power a 2.5-inch HDD/SSD |
Context: Some birds, especially corvids and parrots, are among the most intelligent animals; several bird species make and use tools, and many social species pass on knowledge across generations, which is considered a form of culture. Many species annually migrate great distances. Birds are social, communicating with visual signals, calls, and bird songs, and participating in such social behaviours as cooperative breeding and hunting, flocking, and mobbing of predators. The vast majority of bird species are socially monogamous, usually for one breeding season at a time, sometimes for years, but rarely for life. Other species have polygynous ("many females") or, rarely, polyandrous ("many males") breeding systems. Birds produce offspring by laying eggs which are fertilized through sexual reproduction. They are usually laid in a nest and incubated by the parents. Most birds have an extended period of parental care after hatching. Some birds, such as hens, lay eggs even when not fertilized, though unfertilized eggs do not produce offspring.
Question: Which type of birds are among the most intelligent animals?
Answer: corvids and parrots
Question: How to birds produce offspring?
Answer: by laying eggs which are fertilized through sexual reproduction
Question: Where are eggs usually laid?
Answer: nest |
Context: North Carolina is also home to many well-known private colleges and universities, including Duke University, Wake Forest University, Pfeiffer University, Lees-McRae College, Davidson College, Barton College, North Carolina Wesleyan College, Elon University, Guilford College, Livingstone College, Salem College, Shaw University (the first historically black college or university in the South), Laurel University, Meredith College, Methodist University, Belmont Abbey College (the only Catholic college in the Carolinas), Campbell University, University of Mount Olive, Montreat College, High Point University, Lenoir-Rhyne University (the only Lutheran university in North Carolina) and Wingate University.
Question: Duke University and Shaw University are examples of what type of colleges that are in North Carolina?
Answer: private
Question: What was the first black college in the south?
Answer: Shaw University
Question: What is the name of the only Catholic college in the Carolinas?
Answer: Belmont Abbey College
Question: What is the name of the only Lutheran University in North Carolina?
Answer: Lenoir-Rhyne University |
Context: By the early years of the 21st century, western clothing styles had, to some extent, become international styles. This process began hundreds of years earlier, during the periods of European colonialism. The process of cultural dissemination has perpetuated over the centuries as Western media corporations have penetrated markets throughout the world, spreading Western culture and styles. Fast fashion clothing has also become a global phenomenon. These garments are less expensive, mass-produced Western clothing. Donated used clothing from Western countries are also delivered to people in poor countries by charity organizations.
Question: What had somewhat became an international style by the early 21st century?
Answer: western clothing styles
Question: Cultural dissemination has continued over the what?
Answer: centuries
Question: What have Western corporations penetrated?
Answer: markets throughout the world
Question: Who has been spreading Western culture and styles?
Answer: Western media corporations
Question: Who donates discard Western clothing to people in poor places?
Answer: charity organizations
Question: Eastern clothing styles have become international styles by what century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: This process ended with what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Easter media corporations have spread what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Eastern close are also delivered to poor people by who?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of garment is more expensive and mass-produced?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Avicenna was born c. 980 in Afšana, a village near Bukhara (in present-day Uzbekistan), the capital of the Samanids, a Persian dynasty in Central Asia and Greater Khorasan. His mother, named Setareh, was from Bukhara; his father, Abdullah, was a respected Ismaili scholar from Balkh, an important town of the Samanid Empire, in what is today Balkh Province, Afghanistan, although this is not universally agreed upon. His father worked in the government of Samanid in the village Kharmasain, a Sunni regional power. After five years, his younger brother, Mahmoud, was born. Avicenna first began to learn the Quran and literature in such a way that when he was ten years old he had essentially learned all of them.
Question: What present-day country was Avicenna born in?
Answer: Uzbekistan
Question: What Samanid dynasty capital was Avicenna born near?
Answer: Bukhara
Question: What present-day country is Avicenna's father thought to have come from?
Answer: Afghanistan
Question: What was Avicenna's mother's name?
Answer: Setareh
Question: By what age had Avicenna learned the entire Quran?
Answer: ten
Question: Who was born in the 9th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What present day city was the capital of Persia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What government did Acicenna work in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Avicenna begin to study when he was 10 years old?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What modern city in Eastern Asia was Avicenna born?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What present-day country did Avicenna die in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Samanid dynasty capital was Avicenna born far away from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What olden day country is Avicenna's father thought to have come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Avicenna's grandmother's name?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: By what age had Avicenna learned some of the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the late 17th century, Gottfried Leibniz proposed the idea of the Latin: vis viva, or living force, which defined as the product of the mass of an object and its velocity squared; he believed that total vis viva was conserved. To account for slowing due to friction, Leibniz theorized that thermal energy consisted of the random motion of the constituent parts of matter, a view shared by Isaac Newton, although it would be more than a century until this was generally accepted. The modern analog of this property, kinetic energy, differs from vis viva only by a factor of two.
Question: What is a term for living force?
Answer: vis viva
Question: What is defined as the product of mass of an object and its velocity squared?
Answer: vis viva
Question: Who proposed the idea of the Latin: vis viva?
Answer: Gottfried Leibniz
Question: In what century did Leibniz propose the idea of Latin: vis viva?
Answer: late 17th century
Question: Who shared Leibniz's view that thermal energy consisted of random motion of the constituent parts of matter?
Answer: Isaac Newton
Question: What is a term for dying force?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is defined as the product of mass of an object and its velocity cubed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who proposed the idea of the Italian: vis viva?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what century did Newton propose the idea of Latin: vis viva?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who rejected Leibniz's view that thermal energy consisted of random motion of the constituent parts of matter?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Each sensory system begins with specialized receptor cells, such as light-receptive neurons in the retina of the eye, vibration-sensitive neurons in the cochlea of the ear, or pressure-sensitive neurons in the skin. The axons of sensory receptor cells travel into the spinal cord or brain, where they transmit their signals to a first-order sensory nucleus dedicated to one specific sensory modality. This primary sensory nucleus sends information to higher-order sensory areas that are dedicated to the same modality. Eventually, via a way-station in the thalamus, the signals are sent to the cerebral cortex, where they are processed to extract biologically relevant features, and integrated with signals coming from other sensory systems.
Question: Light-receptive neurons are located in what part of the eye?
Answer: retina
Question: Vibration-sensitive neurons are found in what part of the ear?
Answer: cochlea
Question: Signals are sent from the thalamus to what part of the brain?
Answer: cerebral cortex |
Context: The first ground attack came at the Battle of Umm Qasr on 21 March 2003 when a combined force of British, American and Polish forces seized control of the port city of Umm Qasr. Baghdad, Iraq's capital city, fell to American forces in April 2003 and Saddam Hussein's government quickly dissolved. On 1 May 2003, Bush announced that major combat operations in Iraq had ended. However, an insurgency arose against the U.S.-led coalition and the newly developing Iraqi military and post-Saddam government. The insurgency, which included al-Qaeda affiliated groups, led to far more coalition casualties than the invasion. Other elements of the insurgency were led by fugitive members of President Hussein's Ba'ath regime, which included Iraqi nationalists and pan-Arabists. Many insurgency leaders are Islamists and claim to be fighting a religious war to reestablish the Islamic Caliphate of centuries past. Iraq's former president, Saddam Hussein was captured by U.S. forces in December 2003. He was executed in 2006.
Question: When was the first ground attack in the post-9/11 Iraq war?
Answer: 21 March 2003
Question: Which nationalities worked together in the Battle of Umm Qasr?
Answer: British, American and Polish
Question: When did the US capture Baghdad?
Answer: April 2003
Question: When did Bush say 'major combat operations' were complete in Iraq?
Answer: 1 May 2003
Question: What regime were Hussein loyalists part of?
Answer: Ba'ath
Question: When did the Battle of Qasr Umm take place?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city fell to American forces in May 2003?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What announcement did Bush make on 1 April 2003?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was captured in December 2006?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did the Bath regime include?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country is Umm Qasr the capital of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did American forces fall?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Saddam Hussein announce the operations had ended?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What had fewer casualties than the invasion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Islamic Caliphate executed by US forces?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The implication has historical basis and dates to the breakup of British America during the American Revolution. The colonies that had confederated to form the United States invaded Canada (at the time a term referring specifically to the modern-day provinces of Quebec and Ontario, which had only been in British hands since 1763) at least twice, neither time succeeding in taking control of the territory. The first invasion was during the Revolution, under the assumption that French-speaking Canadians' presumed hostility towards British colonial rule combined with the Franco-American alliance would make them natural allies to the American cause; the Continental Army successfully recruited two Canadian regiments for the invasion. That invasion's failure forced the members of those regiments into exile, and they settled mostly in upstate New York. The Articles of Confederation, written during the Revolution, included a provision for Canada to join the United States, should they ever decide to do so, without needing to seek U.S. permission as other states would. The United States again invaded Canada during the War of 1812, but this effort was made more difficult due to the large number of Loyalist Americans that had fled to what is now Ontario and still resisted joining the republic. The Hunter Patriots in the 1830s and the Fenian raids after the American Civil War were private attacks on Canada from the U.S. Several U.S. politicians in the 19th century also spoke in favour of annexing Canada.
Question: When did Quebec land in British hands?
Answer: 1763
Question: When did Ontario land in British hands?
Answer: 1763
Question: During which the US invade Canada?
Answer: the War of 1812
Question: What did several US politicians suggest doing in the 19th century?
Answer: annexing Canada
Question: When did the United States land in British hands?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When New York land in British hands?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During which did the British invade Canada?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did several British politicians suggest doing in the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who recruited two British regiments?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There are 119,500 males within the city and 117,400 females. The 20–24 age range is the most populous, with an estimated 32,300 people falling in this age range. Next largest is the 25–29 range with 24,700 people and then 30–34 years with 17,800. By population, Southampton is the largest monocentric city in the South East England region and the second largest on the South Coast after Plymouth.
Question: Are there more males or females in Southampton?
Answer: males
Question: What age range contains the most people from Southampton?
Answer: 20–24
Question: How many people between the ages of 30 and 34 live in Southampton?
Answer: 17,800
Question: How many women live in Southampton?
Answer: 117,400
Question: What's the only monocentric city on the South Coast larger than Southampton?
Answer: Plymouth |
Context: In the late 1800s, Presbyterian missionaries established a presence in what is now northern New Mexico. This provided an alternative to the Catholicism, which was brought to the area by the Spanish Conquistadors and had remained unchanged. The area experienced a "mini" reformation, in that many converts were made to Presbyterianism, prompting persecution. In some cases, the converts left towns and villages to establish their own neighboring villages. The arrival of the United States to the area prompted the Catholic church to modernize and make efforts at winning the converts back, many of which did return. However, there are still stalwart Presbyterians and Presbyterian churches in the area.
Question: Around when did Presbyterian missionaries arrived in New Mexico?
Answer: 1800s
Question: The established Presbyterian church in New Mexico provided an alternative to which religion?
Answer: Catholicism
Question: Who brought Catholicism into New Mexico?
Answer: Spanish Conquistadors
Question: In which century did New Mexican missionaries establish a presence in southern United States?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When the Catholic church arrived, it caused the United States to do what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many converts refused to return to the church?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which churches can no longer be found in the area?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who brought Catholicism to the United States?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From the 9th to 11th century, Armenian architecture underwent a revival under the patronage of the Bagratid Dynasty with a great deal of building done in the area of Lake Van, this included both traditional styles and new innovations. Ornately carved Armenian Khachkars were developed during this time. Many new cities and churches were built during this time, including a new capital at Lake Van and a new Cathedral on Akdamar Island to match. The Cathedral of Ani was also completed during this dynasty. It was during this time that the first major monasteries, such as Haghpat and Haritchavank were built. This period was ended by the Seljuk invasion.
Question: Who invaded Armenia in the 11th century?
Answer: Seljuk
Question: What Armenian monasteries were built in the 11th century?
Answer: Haghpat and Haritchavank
Question: When was there an Armenian architecture revival?
Answer: From the 9th to 11th century
Question: What dynasty ruled Armenia in the 10th century?
Answer: Bagratid Dynasty
Question: What was ornately carved in the 9th-11th centuries?
Answer: Armenian Khachkars
Question: Who was Khachkar invaded by in the 11th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was a new monastery built after the Seljuk invasion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cathedral was completed during the Khachkar dynasty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two major monasteries were built during the Khachkar dynasty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What building style was used in the area of Haritchavank?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Greek word Χριστιανός (Christianos), meaning "follower of Christ", comes from Χριστός (Christos), meaning "anointed one", with an adjectival ending borrowed from Latin to denote adhering to, or even belonging to, as in slave ownership. In the Greek Septuagint, christos was used to translate the Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (Mašíaḥ, messiah), meaning "[one who is] anointed." In other European languages, equivalent words to Christian are likewise derived from the Greek, such as Chrétien in French and Cristiano in Spanish.
Question: What Greek word defines as "follower of Christ?"
Answer: Χριστιανός (Christianos)
Question: Where does the Greek word Χριστιανός (Christianos) come from?
Answer: Χριστός (Christos)
Question: What does Χριστός (Christos) mean?
Answer: anointed one
Question: What is the French word for Christian that was derived from Greek?
Answer: Chrétien
Question: From which word meaning anointed one does Christos originate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: While Christianos means anointed one, what does Christos mean?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: While Christos means follower of Christ, what does Christianos mean?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From who are words equivalent in meaning to 'Latin" derived?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In which religion does christos mean "one who is anointed'?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After the Civil War, population expansion, railroad construction, and the disappearance of the buffalo herds heightened military tensions on the Great Plains. Several tribes, especially the Sioux and Comanche, fiercely resisted confinement to reservations. The main role of the Army was to keep indigenous peoples on reservations and to end their wars against settlers and each other, William Tecumseh Sherman and Philip Sheridan were in charge. A famous victory for the Plains Nations was the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, when Col. George Armstrong Custer and two hundred plus members of the 7th Cavalry were killed by a force consisting of Native Americans from the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho nations. The last significant conflict came in 1891.
Question: What two tribes particularly resisted being confined to reservations?
Answer: the Sioux and Comanche
Question: What caused a spike in difficulties between settlers and indigenous peoples on the western plains after the Civil War?
Answer: population expansion, railroad construction, and the disappearance of the buffalo herds
Question: Who were two of the military leaders tasked with overseeing American policy of putting Indians on reservations?
Answer: William Tecumseh Sherman and Philip Sheridan
Question: When was the Battle of Little Big Horn fought?
Answer: 1876
Question: What US officer led the troops who were destroyed at Little Big Horn?
Answer: Col. George Armstrong Custer
Question: What two tribes particularly resisted being not confined to reservations?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What caused a spike in difficulties between settlers and indigenous peoples on the eastern plains after the Civil War?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who were two of the military leaders tasked with overseeing African policy of putting Indians on reservations?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Battle of Big Little Horn fought?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: hat US officer led the troops who were destroyed at Big Little Horn?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Ultimately, the New Orthophonic curve was disclosed in a publication by R.C. Moyer of RCA Victor in 1953. He traced RCA Victor characteristics back to the Western Electric "rubber line" recorder in 1925 up to the early 1950s laying claim to long-held recording practices and reasons for major changes in the intervening years. The RCA Victor New Orthophonic curve was within the tolerances for the NAB/NARTB, Columbia LP, and AES curves. It eventually became the technical predecessor to the RIAA curve.
Question: How far back could these recording practices be traced?
Answer: 1925
Question: What were the recording standards based off from?
Answer: long-held recording practices
Question: What became the predecessor to the RIAA curve?
Answer: New Orthophonic curve
Question: Who developed the New Orthophonic curve?
Answer: RCA Victor
Question: Whom wrote the publication outlining the New Orthophonic curve?
Answer: R.C. Moyer |
Context: The Scottish philosopher David Hume (1711–1776) responded to Berkeley's criticisms of Locke, as well as other differences between early modern philosophers, and moved empiricism to a new level of skepticism. Hume argued in keeping with the empiricist view that all knowledge derives from sense experience, but he accepted that this has implications not normally acceptable to philosophers. He wrote for example, "Locke divides all arguments into demonstrative and probable. On this view, we must say that it is only probable that all men must die or that the sun will rise to-morrow, because neither of these can be demonstrated. But to conform our language more to common use, we ought to divide arguments into demonstrations, proofs, and probabilities—by ‘proofs’ meaning arguments from experience that leave no room for doubt or opposition." And,
Question: What did Hume bring to empiricism?
Answer: a new level of skepticism
Question: What was Hume's nationality?
Answer: Scottish
Question: What two types of arguments did Locke say there are?
Answer: demonstrative and probable
Question: When was Hume born?
Answer: 1711
Question: When did Hume die?
Answer: 1776
Question: Who argued that skepticism was a form of empiricism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did David Hume respond to Berkeley?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many arguments did Berkeley say there were?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Locke's nationality?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was Locke's contemporary?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The U.S. Navy, by contrast, relied on commerce raiding from the outset. However, the problem of Allied forces surrounded in the Philippines, during the early part of 1942, led to diversion of boats to "guerrilla submarine" missions. As well, basing in Australia placed boats under Japanese aerial threat while en route to patrol areas, reducing their effectiveness, and Nimitz relied on submarines for close surveillance of enemy bases. Furthermore, the standard-issue Mark 14 torpedo and its Mark VI exploder both proved defective, problems which were not corrected until September 1943. Worst of all, before the war, an uninformed US Customs officer had seized a copy of the Japanese merchant marine code (called the "maru code" in the USN), not knowing that the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) had broken it. The Japanese promptly changed it, and the new code was not broken again by OP-20G until 1943.
Question: What did the US Navy rely on?
Answer: commerce raiding
Question: What led to guerrilla submarine missions in early 1942?
Answer: Allied forces surrounded in the Philippines
Question: What did Admiral Nimitze rely on submarines for?
Answer: close surveillance of enemy bases
Question: When were the defective torpedo problems of the US Navy corrected?
Answer: September 1943
Question: What was the "maru code"?
Answer: Japanese merchant marine code |
Context: Jessica Sanchez received the fewest number of votes during the Top 7 week, and the judges decided to use their "save" option on her, making her the first female recipient of the save. The following week, unlike previous seasons, Colton Dixon was the only contestant sent home. Sanchez later made the final two, the first season where a recipient of the save reached the finale.
Question: Which contestant was saved by the judges on season 11 of American Idol?
Answer: Jessica Sanchez
Question: Who was the first female to be saved by the judges on American Idol?
Answer: Jessica Sanchez
Question: Who was eliminated the week after judges saved Jessica Sanchez on American Idol?
Answer: Colton Dixon
Question: How far did Jessica Sanchez make it on American Idol?
Answer: final two
Question: When did the judges use their save this season?
Answer: Top 7
Question: Who was the recipient of the Judges' Save?
Answer: Jessica Sanchez
Question: Which contestant was sent home the following week?
Answer: Colton Dixon |
Context: Undergraduate tuition for the 2012/13 school year was $61,240; this includes the basic tuition of $43,380, fees (health $200, etc.), room and board of $13,329 (less if commuting), books and supplies $1,842, personal expenses $1,890, transportation cost of $400. Northwestern awards financial aid solely on the basis of need through loans, work-study, grants, and scholarships. The University processed in excess of $472 million in financial aid for the 2009–2010 academic year. This included $265 million in institutional funds, with the remainder coming from federal and state governments and private organizations and individuals. Northwestern scholarship programs for undergraduate students support needy students from a variety of income and backgrounds. Approximately 44 percent of the June 2010 graduates had received federal and/or private loans for their undergraduate education, graduating with an average debt of $17,200.
Question: What was the total undergrad tuition for the 2012/2013 school year?
Answer: $61,240
Question: On what basis does Northwestern award financial aid?
Answer: need
Question: What percentage of the June 2010 graduates received federal or private loans?
Answer: Approximately 44
Question: What was the average debt for the June 2010 graduates?
Answer: $17,200
Question: How much financial aid did Northwestern process for the 2009-2010 academic year?
Answer: in excess of $472 million
Question: What was the total undergrad tuition for the 2015/2016 school year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what basis does Southwestern award financial aid?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of the June 2011 graduates received federal or private loans?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much financial aid did Northwestern process for the 2019-2011 academic year?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Strasbourg (/ˈstræzbɜːrɡ/, French pronunciation: [stʁaz.buʁ, stʁas.buʁ]; Alsatian: Strossburi; German: Straßburg, [ˈʃtʁaːsbʊɐ̯k]) is the capital and largest city of the Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine (ACAL) region in eastern France and is the official seat of the European Parliament. Located close to the border with Germany, it is the capital of the Bas-Rhin département. The city and the region of Alsace were historically predominantly Alemannic-speaking, hence the city's Germanic name. In 2013, the city proper had 275,718 inhabitants, Eurométropole de Strasbourg (Greater Strasbourg) had 475,934 inhabitants and the Arrondissement of Strasbourg had 482,384 inhabitants. With a population of 768,868 in 2012, Strasbourg's metropolitan area (only the part of the metropolitan area on French territory) is the ninth largest in France and home to 13% of the ACAL region's inhabitants. The transnational Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau had a population of 915,000 inhabitants in 2014.
Question: What is the population of Strasbourg in 2012?
Answer: 768,868
Question: What is the population of the transnational Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau in 2014?
Answer: 915,000
Question: What is the predominant language in the region of Alace?
Answer: Alemannic
Question: What is the largest city in the ACAL region of France?
Answer: Straßburg
Question: Strasbourg has an official seat in what parliament?
Answer: European
Question: Strasbourg has an official seat in what Parliament?
Answer: European
Question: What is the predominant language in Asace?
Answer: Alemannic
Question: What kind of name is Strasbourg?
Answer: Germanic
Question: In what year was the European Parliament put in Strasbourg?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language dominated all of France for many years?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the largest metropolitan area in France?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people live in Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau as of 2017?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people lived in Strasbourg as of 2014?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In markets where a digital transmitter was installed, existing coverage areas were not necessarily maintained. For instance, the CBC implemented a digital transmitter covering Fredericton, New Brunswick in the place of the existing transmitter covering Saint John, New Brunswick and Fredericton, and decided to maintain analogue service to Saint John. According to CBC's application for this transmitter to the CRTC, the population served by the digital transmitter would be 113,930 people versus 303,465 served by the existing analogue transmitter. In Victoria, the replacement of the Vancouver analogue transmitters with digital ones only allowed only some northeastern parts of the metropolitan area (total population 330,000) to receive either CBC or Radio-Canada.
Question: How many people were intended to be served by digital transmitters, according to CBC's application?
Answer: 113,930 people
Question: How many people were previously served by analogue transmitters before the upgrade?
Answer: 303,465
Question: In what area of Victora was CBC and Radio-Canada available?
Answer: only some northeastern parts
Question: The CBC lost customers due to their practice of doing this?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CBC provided false data regarding analog versus digital stating that the coverage would change from what numbers respectively?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CRTC recommended continued analog transmission in what area?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: CBC was replaced with Radio-Canada in what area of Victoria?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context:
Pakistan: The Olympic torch reached Islamabad for the first time ever on April 16. President Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani spoke at the opening ceremony of the relay. Security was high, for what one newspaper called the "most sensitive leg" of the torch's Olympic journey. The relay was initially supposed to carry the torch around Islamabad, but the entire relay was cancelled due to security concerns regarding "militant threats or anti-China protests", and replaced by an indoors ceremony with the torch carried around the track of Jinnah Stadium. In fear of violent protests and bomb attacks, the torch relay in Pakistan took place in a stadium behind closed doors. Although the relay was behind closed doors, thousands of policemen and soldiers guarded the flame. As a consequence, no incidents arose.
Question: When did the torch arrive in Islamabad?
Answer: April 16
Question: Where was an indoor ceremony held since the outdoor relay was cancelled?
Answer: Jinnah Stadium
Question: Who spoke at the opening ceremony in Islamabad in addition to President Musharraf?
Answer: Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani
Question: Where did the Olympic torch relay start in Pakistan?
Answer: Islamabad
Question: Instead of a traditinal relay, where was the track the torch was carried in Pakistan?
Answer: Jinnah Stadium. |
Context: Imperial acquired Silwood Park in 1947, to provide a site for research and teaching in those aspects of biology not well suited for the main London campus. Felix, Imperial's student newspaper, was launched on 9 December 1949. On 29 January 1950, the government announced that it was intended that Imperial should expand to meet the scientific and technological challenges of the 20th century and a major expansion of the College followed over the next decade. In 1959 the Wolfson Foundation donated £350,000 for the establishment of a new Biochemistry Department.[citation needed] A special relationship between Imperial and the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi was established in 1963.[citation needed]
Question: What site did Imperial acquire in 1947?
Answer: Silwood Park
Question: What was the name of Imperial's student newspaper?
Answer: Felix
Question: How much money was donated for a new Biochemistry Department?
Answer: £350,000
Question: Who donated the large sum of money to help aid the establishement of the Biochemistry Department?
Answer: Wolfson Foundation
Question: Imperial formed a relationship with which other entity in 1963?
Answer: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Question: What did Imperial aquire in the 19th century
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was aquired for teaching chemistry that was not well suited for the main campus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of Imperials staff news paper?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Imperial's staff paper founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who donated money to establish a new bioengenering department?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In December 1978, Gaddafi stepped down as Secretary-General of the GPC, announcing his new focus on revolutionary rather than governmental activities; this was part of his new emphasis on separating the apparatus of the revolution from the government. Although no longer in a formal governmental post, he adopted the title of "Leader of the Revolution" and continued as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He continued exerting considerable influence over Libya, with many critics insisting that the structure of Libya's direct democracy gave him "the freedom to manipulate outcomes".
Question: In what year did Gaddafi resign from his position in the GPC?
Answer: 1978
Question: Prior to his resignation, what office did Gaddafi occupy in the GPC?
Answer: Secretary-General
Question: After Gaddafi stepped down from the GPC, what title did he take?
Answer: Leader of the Revolution
Question: What authority did Gaddafi have over the Libyan armed forces?
Answer: commander-in-chief |
Context: Orthodox Judaism is the approach to religious Judaism which subscribes to a tradition of mass revelation and adheres to the interpretation and application of the laws and ethics of the Torah as legislated in the Talmudic texts by the Tanaim and Amoraim. These texts were subsequently developed and applied by later authorities, known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and Acharonim. Orthodox Judaism generally includes Modern Orthodox Judaism (אורתודוקסיה מודרנית) and Ultra-Orthodox or Haredi Judaism (יהדות חרדית), but complete within is a wide range of philosophies. Although Orthodox Judaism would probably be considered the mainstream expression of Judaism prior to the 19th century, for some Orthodox Judaism is a modern self-identification that distinguishes it from traditional pre-modern Judaism.
Question: What is the approach to Judiasm that subscribes to a tradition of mass revelation?
Answer: Orthodox
Question: What is the name of the book that has the laws and ethics for Orthodox Judaism?
Answer: Torah
Question: what texts were legislated by the Tanarim and Amoraim?
Answer: Talmudic
Question: What besides Modern Orthodox Judaism does Orthodox Judaism consist of?
Answer: Haredi Judaism
Question: Orthodox Judaism is a self-identification that distinguishes it from what?
Answer: pre-modern Judaism
Question: What is Orthodox Christianity a religion that subscribes to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Orthodox Christianity adhere to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the Bible legislated by?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where will you not find Modern Judaism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a religion with a single philosophy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: KU's School of Business launched interdisciplinary management science graduate studies in operations research during Fall Semester 1965. The program provided the foundation for decision science applications supporting NASA Project Apollo Command Capsule Recovery Operations.
Question: What was launched in 1965 by the business school at KU?
Answer: interdisciplinary management science graduate studies in operations research
Question: What kind of applications did the interdisciplinary program help shape?
Answer: decision science
Question: Which government agency used the applications that were informed by KU's interdisciplinary management program?
Answer: NASA
Question: What NASA program benefited from the use of decision science applications?
Answer: NASA Project Apollo Command Capsule Recovery Operations
Question: In what year was a new interdisciplinary management program launched at KU's School of Business?
Answer: 1965
Question: What was launched in 1956 by the business school at KU?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of applications did the interdisciplinary program help cancel?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which government agency used the applications that were informed by UK's interdisciplinary management program?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What NASA program was harmed from the use of decision science applications?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was a new interdisciplinary management program cancelled at KU's School of Business?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Modern-day Nigeria has been the site of numerous kingdoms and tribal states over the millennia. The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century, and the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914. The British set up administrative and legal structures whilst practising indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms. Nigeria became a formally independent federation in 1960, and plunged into a civil war from 1967 to 1970. It has since alternated between democratically-elected civilian governments and military dictatorships, until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999, with its 2011 presidential elections being viewed as the first to be conducted reasonably freely and fairly.
Question: When did the Southern and Northern Nigeria Protectorates merge?
Answer: 1914
Question: Which empire ruled Nigeria as a colony?
Answer: British
Question: When did Nigeria become independent from Britain?
Answer: 1960
Question: When did a Nigerian Civil War begin?
Answer: 1967
Question: When did Nigeria have a fair presidential election?
Answer: 2011 |
Context: Bermuda watercolours painted by local artists are sold at various galleries. Hand-carved cedar sculptures are another speciality. One such 7 ft (2.1 m) sculpture, created by Bermudian sculptor Chesley Trott, is installed at the airport's baggage claim area. In 2010, his sculpture The Arrival was unveiled near the bay to commemorate the freeing of slaves from the American brig Enterprise in 1835. Local artwork may also be viewed at several galleries around the island. Alfred Birdsey was one of the more famous and talented watercolourists; his impressionistic landscapes of Hamilton, St George's and the surrounding sailboats, homes, and bays of Bermuda are world-renowned.
Question: What type of painting are Bermuda artists known for?
Answer: watercolours
Question: What type of art work does Chesley Trott produce?
Answer: Hand-carved cedar sculptures
Question: What significant event does the sculpture The Arrival portray?
Answer: the freeing of slaves from the American brig Enterprise in 1835
Question: Who is one of Bermuda's most famous watercolourists?
Answer: Alfred Birdsey
Question: Where are hand-carved cedar sculptures sold?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who created the 7 m sculpture installed at the airport?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What sculpture was unveiled in 2001?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What 1853 does The Arrival commemorate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Birdsey Alfred's profession?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In addition to professional team sports, North Carolina has a strong affiliation with NASCAR and stock-car racing, with Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord hosting two Sprint Cup Series races every year. Charlotte also hosts the NASCAR Hall of Fame, while Concord is the home of several top-flight racing teams, including Hendrick Motorsports, Roush Fenway Racing, Richard Petty Motorsports, Stewart-Haas Racing, and Chip Ganassi Racing. Numerous other tracks around North Carolina host races from low-tier NASCAR circuits as well.
Question: What Speedway in North Carolina hosts two Sprint cupseries races each year?
Answer: Charlotte Motor Speedway
Question: Where is Charlotte motor Speedway located?
Answer: Concord
Question: What North Carolina city hosts the NASCAR Hall of Fame?
Answer: Charlotte
Question: What North carolina city is home to several top racing teams?
Answer: Concord |
Context: The security of Paris is mainly the responsibility of the Prefecture of Police of Paris, a subdivision of the Ministry of the Interior of France. It supervises the units of the National Police who patrol the city and the three neighbouring departments. It is also responsible for providing emergency services, including the Paris Fire Brigade. Its headquarters is on Place Louis Lépine on the Île de la Cité. There are 30,200 officers under the prefecture, and a fleet of more than 6,000 vehicles, including police cars, motorcycles, fire trucks, boats and helicopters. In addition to traditional police duties, the local police monitors the number of discount sales held by large stores (no more than two a year are allowed) and verify that, during summer holidays, at least one bakery is open in every neighbourhood. The national police has its own special unit for riot control and crowd control and security of public buildings, called the Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (CRS), a unit formed in 1944 right after the liberation of France. Vans of CRS agents are frequently seen in the centre of the city when there are demonstrations and public events.
Question: Who is responsible for the security of Paris?
Answer: Prefecture of Police of Paris
Question: Where is the headquarters for the Prefecture of Police of Paris?
Answer: Place Louis Lépine on the Île de la Cité
Question: How many officers are in the Prefecture of Police of Paris?
Answer: 30,200
Question: When was the Compagnies Republicaines de Securite formed?
Answer: 1944
Question: How many vehicles are in the fleet?
Answer: 6,000 |
Context: As Muslim institutions of higher learning, the madrasa had the legal designation of waqf. In central and eastern Islamic lands, the view that the madrasa, as a charitable endowment, will remain under the control of the donor (and their descendent), resulted in a "spurt" of establishment of madaris in the 11th and 12th centuries. However, in Western Islamic lands, where the Maliki views prohibited donors from controlling their endowment, madaris were not as popular. Unlike the corporate designation of Western institutions of higher learning, the waqf designation seemed to have led to the exclusion of non-orthodox religious subjects such a philosophy and natural science from the curricula. The madrasa of al-Qarawīyīn, one of the two surviving madaris that predate the founding of the earliest medieval universities and are thus claimed to be the "first universities" by some authors, has acquired official university status as late as 1947. The other, al-Azhar, did acquire this status in name and essence only in the course of numerous reforms during the 19th and 20th century, notably the one of 1961 which introduced non-religious subjects to its curriculum, such as economics, engineering, medicine, and agriculture. It should also be noted that many medieval universities were run for centuries as Christian cathedral schools or monastic schools prior to their formal establishment as universitas scholarium; evidence of these immediate forerunners of the university dates back to the 6th century AD, thus well preceding the earliest madaris. George Makdisi, who has published most extensively on the topic concludes in his comparison between the two institutions:
Question: When did more madaris begin to form more rapidly?
Answer: 11th and 12th centuries
Question: Where are madaris considered less desirable?
Answer: Western Islamic lands
Question: When did the al-Qarawiyin officially become a university?
Answer: 1947
Question: When the madaris are considered as a charity, who controls the school?
Answer: the donor
Question: What disciplines were introduced at al-Azhar in 1961?
Answer: economics, engineering, medicine, and agriculture
Question: When did more madaris begin to form more slowly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are madaris considered more desirable?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the al-Qarawiyin officially stop being a university?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When the madaris are considered as a charity, who controls the students?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What disciplines were destroyed at al-Azhar in 1961?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Hindu Shahis under Jayapala, is known for his struggles in defending his kingdom against the Ghaznavids in the modern-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan region. Jayapala saw a danger in the consolidation of the Ghaznavids and invaded their capital city of Ghazni both in the reign of Sebuktigin and in that of his son Mahmud, which initiated the Muslim Ghaznavid and Hindu Shahi struggles. Sebuk Tigin, however, defeated him, and he was forced to pay an indemnity. Jayapala defaulted on the payment and took to the battlefield once more. Jayapala however, lost control of the entire region between the Kabul Valley and Indus River.
Question: In what id Jayapala see a danger to his dynasty?
Answer: consolidation of the Ghaznavids
Question: What city did Jayapala invade at least twice?
Answer: Ghazni
Question: Who defeated Jayapala and required an indemnity payment?
Answer: Sebuk Tigin
Question: What part of the area did Jayapala lose?
Answer: Kabul Valley and Indus River
Question: What was Jayapala's response to the indemnity payment?
Answer: defaulted |
Context: During the period from 2000–2005 it is estimated that 49,722 people left the state for the United States. Some 82,000 people are thought to have immigrated to the state from 2000–2005 mainly coming from Veracruz (17.6%), United States (16.2%), Durango (13.2%), Coahuila (8.0%) and Chiapas (4.5%). It is believed that there is a large number of undocumented immigrants in that state the come from Central and South America which mainly settle in Ciudad Juárez. According to the 2005 census, the population grew 1.06% from 2000 to 2005. The state has an uneven settlement of people and the lowest population density of any Mexican state; according to the 2005 census there were 12 people per km2. Of all the 3,241,444 people in the state, two-thirds (2,072,129) live in the cities of Ciudad Juárez and Chihuahua. Only three other cities have populations over 100,000: Parral 101,147, Cuauhtémoc 105,725, and Delicias 108,187.
Question: How many people left the state for the U.S. between 2000-2005?
Answer: 49,722
Question: In which city is there a large number of undocumented immigrants?
Answer: Ciudad Juárez
Question: Is the population density the highest or lowest of any Mexican state?
Answer: lowest
Question: Which are the largest two cities in the state?
Answer: Ciudad Juárez and Chihuahua |
Context: While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activities and less disclosure of information about new activities undertaken by banks and other evolving financial institutions. Thus, policymakers did not immediately recognize the increasingly important role played by financial institutions such as investment banks and hedge funds, also known as the shadow banking system. Some experts believe these institutions had become as important as commercial (depository) banks in providing credit to the U.S. economy, but they were not subject to the same regulations.
Question: What institutions comprise the shadow banking system?
Answer: investment banks and hedge funds
Question: What institutions are not subject to the same regulations as commercial banks?
Answer: investment banks and hedge funds
Question: What process caused the financial system to both expand and become fragile?
Answer: financialization
Question: What policy has U.S. Government emphasized from the 1970's onward?
Answer: deregulation
Question: Since the 1970's, what has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, but resulted in less oversight and less disclosure?
Answer: U.S. Government policy |
Context: Louis XVI and the royal family were brought to Paris and made virtual prisoners within the Tuileries Palace. In 1793, as the revolution turned more and more radical, the king, queen, and the mayor were guillotined, along with more than 16,000 others (throughout France), during the Reign of Terror. The property of the aristocracy and the church was nationalised, and the city's churches were closed, sold or demolished. A succession of revolutionary factions ruled Paris until 9 November 1799 (coup d'état du 18 brumaire), when Napoléon Bonaparte seized power as First Consul.
Question: Where did Louis XVI and his family live?
Answer: Tuileries Palace
Question: When did Napoleon Bonaparte gain power as the First Consul?
Answer: 9 November 1799
Question: Approximately how many people were executed during the Reign of Terror?
Answer: 16,000 |
Context: The most important demographic influence in the modern Portuguese seems to be the oldest one; current interpretation of Y-chromosome and mtDNA data suggests that the Portuguese have their origin in Paleolithic peoples that began arriving to the European continent around 45,000 years ago. All subsequent migrations did leave an impact, genetically and culturally, but the main population source of the Portuguese is still Paleolithic. Genetic studies show Portuguese populations not to be significantly different from other European populations.
Question: In what group of people do the Portuguese have their origin?
Answer: Paleolithic peoples
Question: When did people first start arriving in the European continent?
Answer: 45,000 years ago
Question: What is the main population source of the Portuguese people?
Answer: Paleolithic |
Context: Cork was originally a monastic settlement, reputedly founded by Saint Finbarr in the 6th century. Cork achieved an urban character at some point between 915 and 922 when Norseman (Viking) settlers founded a trading port. It has been proposed that, like Dublin, Cork was an important trading centre in the global Scandinavian trade network. The ecclesiastical settlement continued alongside the Viking longphort, with the two developing a type of symbiotic relationship; the Norsemen providing otherwise unobtainable trade goods for the monastery, and perhaps also military aid.
Question: Who was thought to have founded Cork?
Answer: Saint Finbarr
Question: When was Cork believed to have been founded?
Answer: 6th century
Question: When did Viking travelers establish a trading post in Cork?
Answer: some point between 915 and 922
Question: What kind of settlement was Cork?
Answer: ecclesiastical
Question: What did the Norsemen provide to the monastery?
Answer: otherwise unobtainable trade goods
Question: Who founded Cork in the 600's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened to Cork in the 9th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did the monastery need protection from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did the monastery provide religious services for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the founder of Dublin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what century was Dublin founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of settlement was Dublin originally?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Dublin achieve between 915 and 922?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What caused Dublin to become urbanized?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The simplest known circadian clock is that of the prokaryotic cyanobacteria. Recent research has demonstrated that the circadian clock of Synechococcus elongatus can be reconstituted in vitro with just the three proteins (KaiA, KaiB, KaiC) of their central oscillator. This clock has been shown to sustain a 22-hour rhythm over several days upon the addition of ATP. Previous explanations of the prokaryotic circadian timekeeper were dependent upon a DNA transcription/translation feedback mechanism.[citation needed]
Question: What has the simplest known circadian clock?
Answer: prokaryotic cyanobacteria
Question: With how many proteins can the circadian clock of Synechococcus elongatus are needed to reproduce its effect?
Answer: three proteins
Question: What type of feedback mechanism was previously thought to be needed to sustain the clock?
Answer: DNA
Question: How long a rhythm were researchers able to sustain in the in vitro experiment?
Answer: 22-hour
Question: What were the only proteins necessary to the circadian timekeeper experiment?
Answer: KaiA, KaiB, KaiC
Question: What organism has the most complex circadian clock?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where can the circadian clock of theprokaryotic cyanobacteria be reconstituted?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the minimum amount of time the clock could be sustained in vitro?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What three proteins needed to be removed to sustain the in vitro clock?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: According to the Constitution of Estonia (Estonian: Põhiseadus) the supreme power of the state is vested in the people. The people exercise their supreme power of the state on the elections of the Riigikogu through citizens who have the right to vote. The supreme judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court or Riigikohus, with nineteen justices. The Chief Justice is appointed by the parliament for nine years on nomination by the president. The official Head of State is the President of Estonia, who gives assent to the laws passed by Riigikogu, also having the right of sending them back and proposing new laws.
Question: What document declares supreme power for the people?
Answer: the Constitution of Estonia
Question: Who holds supreme judicial power in Estonia?
Answer: the Supreme Court or Riigikohus
Question: How many judges are on Estonia's supreme court?
Answer: nineteen
Question: How many years does the Chief justice serve?
Answer: nine |
Context: A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence.
Question: What is it called when the owner of a pub allows patrons to remain when the pub should have closed?
Answer: "lock-in"
Question: What law allows pubs to apply to extend their closing hours after 11pm?
Answer: Licensing Act 2003
Question: A law of what year prompted the existence of the "lock-in"?
Answer: 1915
Question: What action by a pub owner can result in his prosecution?
Answer: allowing smoking |
Context: While Southeast Asia is rich in flora and fauna, Southeast Asia is facing severe deforestation which causes habitat loss for various endangered species such as orangutan and the Sumatran tiger. Predictions have been made that more than 40% of the animal and plant species in Southeast Asia could be wiped out in the 21st century. At the same time, haze has been a regular occurrence. The two worst regional hazes were in 1997 and 2006 in which multiple countries were covered with thick haze, mostly caused by "slash and burn" activities in Sumatra and Borneo. In reaction, several countries in Southeast Asia signed the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution to combat haze pollution.
Question: What percentage of plant and animal species extinction is predicted in the 21st century?
Answer: 40%
Question: Where has haze been predominant?
Answer: Sumatra and Borneo
Question: How is a haze formed?
Answer: caused by "slash and burn" activities
Question: What agreement has the Southeast Asian countries signed to combat haze pollution?
Answer: Transboundary Haze Pollution
Question: When did the 2 worst haze pollution occur in Southeast Asia?
Answer: 1997 and 2006
Question: What area is rich in trees and other Fauna?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What tiger is prospering despite deforistation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where were 40% of the animal and plant species destroyed already?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What caused the 19th century reginal hazes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who signed the ASEAN in 1997?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The CBC's flagship newscast, The National, airs Sunday through Fridays at 10:00 p.m. EST and Saturdays at 6:00 p.m. EST. Until October 2006, CBC owned-and-operated stations aired a second broadcast of the program at 11:00 p.m.; this later broadcast included only the main news portion of the program, and excluded the analysis and documentary segment. This second airing was later replaced with other programming, and as of the 2012-13 television season, was replaced on CBC's major market stations by a half-hour late newscast. There is also a short news update, at most, on late Saturday evenings. During hockey season, this update is usually found during the first intermission of the second game of the doubleheader on Hockey Night in Canada.
Question: What did the 11pm broadcast of The National omit?
Answer: analysis and documentary segment
Question: Which title is CBC's flagship newscast?
Answer: The National
Question: When did CBC discontinue its late-night broadcast of The National?
Answer: October 2006
Question: During hockey season, when does the late night news update occur?
Answer: during the first intermission of the second game of the doubleheader on Hockey Night in Canada
Question: Why did the CBC cancel the 11pm broadcast of The National?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the first episode of The National air?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During what television season did the CBC start broadcasting Hockey Night In Canada?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CBC has found that newscasts should not take up more time than this event?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1607, English Chief Justice Sir Edward Coke said in the Case of Prohibitions (according to his own report) "that the law was the golden met-wand and measure to try the causes of the subjects; and which protected His Majesty in safety and peace: with which the King was greatly offended, and said, that then he should be under the law, which was treason to affirm, as he said; to which I said, that Bracton saith, quod Rex non debed esse sub homine, sed sub Deo et lege (That the King ought not to be under any man but under God and the law.)."
Question: To what did English Chief Justice Sir Edward Coke compare the law?
Answer: golden met-wand
Question: According to English Chief Justice Sir Edward Coke, what should Kings follow?
Answer: God and the law
Question: When did English Chief Justice Sir Edward Coke speak in the Case of Prohibitions?
Answer: 1607
Question: How did the king feel about what was said in the Case of Prohibitions?
Answer: greatly offended
Question: What was Edward Coke's official title?
Answer: Chief Justice Sir
Question: Who called the law a golden met-wand during the sixteenth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: According to Coke what should kings be above?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who spoke about the rule of law in sixteenth century England?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who said it was treason to affirm the King was not subject to the law?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Articles 46–53 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties set out the only ways that treaties can be invalidated—considered unenforceable and void under international law. A treaty will be invalidated due to either the circumstances by which a state party joined the treaty, or due to the content of the treaty itself. Invalidation is separate from withdrawal, suspension, or termination (addressed above), which all involve an alteration in the consent of the parties of a previously valid treaty rather than the invalidation of that consent in the first place.
Question: Which articles of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties set out the ways that treaties can be invalidated?
Answer: Articles 46–53
Question: In addition to the circumstances by which a state party joined a treaty, why might a treaty be invalidated?
Answer: the content of the treaty itself
Question: In addition to the content of the treaty itself, why might a treated by invalidated?
Answer: the circumstances by which a state party joined the treaty
Question: A treaty might be considered what if it's considered unenforceable and void under international law?
Answer: invalidated
Question: Which processes simply alter the consent given by parties to a previously valid treaty rather than invalidating the consent completely?
Answer: withdrawal, suspension, or termination |
Context: DNA samples from 1228 Russians show that the Y chromosomes analyzed, all except 20 (1.6%) fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to West Eurasian populations. Taken together, they account for 95% of the total Russian Y chromosomal pool. Only (0.7%) fell into haplogroups that are specific to East and South Asian populations. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) examined in Poles and Russians revealed the presence of all major European haplogroups, which were characterized by similar patterns of distribution in Poles and Russians. An analysis of the DNA did not reveal any specific combinations of unique mtDNA haplotypes and their subclusters. The DNA clearly shows that both Poles and Russians are not different from the neighbouring European populations.
Question: DNA from how many Russians show that the Y chromosomes fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to West Eurasian populations?
Answer: 1228
Question: DNA samples from 1228 Russians show that the Y chromosomes analyzed, all except 20 (1.6%) fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to what populations?
Answer: West Eurasian
Question: Taken together, they account for what percentage of the total Russian Y chromosomal pool?
Answer: 95%
Question: What percentage fell into haplogroups that are specific to East and South Asian populations?
Answer: 0.7%
Question: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) examined in Poles and Russians revealed the presence of what major haplogroups?
Answer: European
Question: what percentage of Poles have Y chromosomes in the major haplogroups?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Poles were studied?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: DNA of Poles and Russians differ from what group?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are the 20 haplogroups from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of Poles have haplogroups from East Asian populations?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Polytechnic Institutes are technological universities, many dating back to the mid-19th century. A handful of world-renowned Elite American universities include the phrases "Institute of Technology", "Polytechnic Institute", "Polytechnic University", or similar phrasing in their names; these are generally research-intensive universities with a focus on engineering, science and technology. The earliest and most famous of these institutions are, respectively, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI, 1824), New York University Tandon School of Engineering (1854) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, 1861). Conversely, schools dubbed "technical colleges" or "technical institutes" generally provide post-secondary training in technical and mechanical fields, focusing on training vocational skills primarily at a community college level—parallel and sometimes equivalent to the first two years at a bachelor's degree-granting institution.
Question: In what year was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded?
Answer: 1824
Question: Which of the three earliest technological universities was founded most recently, in 1861?
Answer: Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
Context: Galicia's inhabitants are known as Galicians (Galician: galegos, Spanish: gallegos). For well over a century Galicia has grown more slowly than the rest of Spain, due largely to emigration to Latin America and to other parts of Spain. Sometimes Galicia has lost population in absolute terms. In 1857, Galicia had Spain's densest population and constituted 11.5% of the national population. As of 2007, only 6.1% of the Spanish population resides in the autonomous community. This is due to an exodus of Galician people since the 19th century, first to South America and later to Central Europe.
Question: What to Galician's call themselves in their language?
Answer: galegos
Question: Aside from Spain, where have Galicians emigrated to?
Answer: Latin America |
Context: Academic higher education in Estonia is divided into three levels: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies. In some specialties (basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry, architect-engineer, and a classroom teacher programme) the bachelor's and master's levels are integrated into one unit. Estonian public universities have significantly more autonomy than applied higher education institutions. In addition to organising the academic life of the university, universities can create new curricula, establish admission terms and conditions, approve the budget, approve the development plan, elect the rector, and make restricted decisions in matters concerning assets. Estonia has a moderate number of public and private universities. The largest public universities are the University of Tartu, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn University, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonian Academy of Arts; the largest private university is Estonian Business School.
Question: What are the three levels of higher learning in Estonia?
Answer: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies
Question: What medical fields have their bachelor's and master's levels combined into one unit?
Answer: basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry
Question: What do Estonian public universities have more of than higher education institutions?
Answer: autonomy
Question: What is the largest private university in Estonia?
Answer: Estonian Business School |
Context: In 1682, William Penn founded the city to serve as capital of the Pennsylvania Colony. Philadelphia played an instrumental role in the American Revolution as a meeting place for the Founding Fathers of the United States, who signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the Constitution in 1787. Philadelphia was one of the nation's capitals in the Revolutionary War, and served as temporary U.S. capital while Washington, D.C., was under construction. In the 19th century, Philadelphia became a major industrial center and railroad hub that grew from an influx of European immigrants. It became a prime destination for African-Americans in the Great Migration and surpassed two million occupants by 1950.
Question: Who founded Philadelphia?
Answer: William Penn
Question: What role did Philadelphia play in the American Revolution?
Answer: a meeting place for the Founding Fathers
Question: What purpose did Philadelphia serve while D.C. was under construction?
Answer: temporary U.S. capital
Question: When did it reach 2 million occupants>
Answer: 1950 |
Context: Some legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a "national religion"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general "religion" in an effort to appease the Anti-Federalists. To both the Anti-Federalists and the Federalists, the very word "national" was a cause for alarm because of the experience under the British crown. During the debate over the establishment clause, Rep. Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts took issue with Madison's language regarding whether the government was a national or federal government (in which the states retained their individual sovereignty), which Baker suggests compelled Madison to withdraw his language from the debate.
Question: What is John Baker of LSU's profession?
Answer: legal scholars
Question: Why was a more general "religion" used in the language of the First Amendment?
Answer: to appease the Anti-Federalists
Question: Why was the word "national" a cause for alarm to both Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
Answer: because of the experience under the British crown
Question: Who took issue with Madison's language during the debate over the establishment clause?
Answer: Elbridge Gerry
Question: What was Elbridge Gerry's constituency?
Answer: Massachusetts
Question: What is John Baker of LLU's profession?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why was a more general "religion" used in the language of the Second Amendment?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why was the word "national" a cause for alarm to neither Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who didn't take issue with Madison's language during the debate over the establishment clause?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What wasn't Elbridge Gerry's constituency?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The large magnitude of solar energy available makes it a highly appealing source of electricity. The United Nations Development Programme in its 2000 World Energy Assessment found that the annual potential of solar energy was 1,575–49,837 exajoules (EJ). This is several times larger than the total world energy consumption, which was 559.8 EJ in 2012.
Question: What was the total worldwide energy consumption in 2012?
Answer: 559.8 EJ
Question: What is solar energy's yearly potential?
Answer: 1,575–49,837 exajoules (EJ)
Question: What makes solar energy an appealing source of electricity>
Answer: The large magnitude of solar energy available
Question: Who estimated the annual potential of solar energy in 2000?
Answer: The United Nations Development Programme |
Context: In November 1942, he was also appointed Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) through the new operational Headquarters Allied (Expeditionary) Force Headquarters (A(E)FHQ). The word "expeditionary" was dropped soon after his appointment for security reasons. The campaign in North Africa was designated Operation Torch and was planned underground within the Rock of Gibraltar. Eisenhower was the first non-British person to command Gibraltar in 200 years.
Question: What appointment did Eisenhower receive in November of 1942?
Answer: Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations
Question: What was the code name of the North African campaign?
Answer: Operation Torch
Question: At what location was the North African campaign planned?
Answer: Rock of Gibraltar
Question: How many years before Eisenhower's command had a non-Briton commanded Gibraltar?
Answer: 200 |
Context: The 1960s and 1970s saw an acceleration in the decolonisation of Africa and the Caribbean. Over 20 countries gained independence from Britain as part of a planned transition to self-government. In 1965, however, the Rhodesian Prime Minister, Ian Smith, in opposition to moves toward majority rule, declared unilateral independence from Britain while still expressing "loyalty and devotion" to Elizabeth. Although the Queen dismissed him in a formal declaration, and the international community applied sanctions against Rhodesia, his regime survived for over a decade. As Britain's ties to its former empire weakened, the British government sought entry to the European Community, a goal it achieved in 1973.
Question: When did the decolonization of Africa and the Caribbean accelerate?
Answer: 1960s and 1970s
Question: How many countries got independence from Britain during decolonization?
Answer: Over 20 countries
Question: When did Britain join the European Community?
Answer: 1973
Question: What did the Rhodesian president declare in 1965?
Answer: independence from Britain
Question: In spite of sanctions by the international community, how long did the Ian Smith's regime last?
Answer: over a decade
Question: What was the first African country to gain independence from Britain?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Ian Smith become the Prime Minister of Rhodesia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was the European Community established?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Rhodesia cease to exist?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the last of 20 countries to gain independence from Britain?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The firm continued to pressure Kelsey and the agency to approve the application—until November 1961, when the drug was pulled off the German market because of its association with grave congenital abnormalities. Several thousand newborns in Europe and elsewhere suffered the teratogenic effects of thalidomide. Though the drug was never approved in the USA, the firm distributed Kevadon to over 1,000 physicians there under the guise of investigational use. Over 20,000 Americans received thalidomide in this "study," including 624 pregnant patients, and about 17 known newborns suffered the effects of the drug.[citation needed]
Question: How many Americans were given the drug Kevadon?
Answer: Over 20,000
Question: When was the drug taken off shelves in Germany?
Answer: November 1961
Question: How many newborns were born with issues due to Kevadon?
Answer: about 17
Question: How was Kevadon distributed to doctors?
Answer: under the guise of investigational use
Question: Why was this drug pulled off shelves?
Answer: association with grave congenital abnormalities
Question: In what year was thalidomide banned in Germany?
Answer: 1961
Question: What adverse effect was thalidomide associated with?
Answer: congenital abnormalities
Question: Thalidomide was distributed in the USA by what name?
Answer: Kevadon
Question: About how many Americans received thalidomide in a supposed study?
Answer: Over 20,000
Question: How many newborn American babies were affected by thalidomide?
Answer: 17
Question: How many Americans were given the drug thalidomide?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the drug taken off shelves in the USA?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many newborns were born with issues due to Germany?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How was Kevadon distributed to the USA?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why was this drug put on shelves?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Not all introduced species are invasive, nor all invasive species deliberately introduced. In cases such as the zebra mussel, invasion of US waterways was unintentional. In other cases, such as mongooses in Hawaii, the introduction is deliberate but ineffective (nocturnal rats were not vulnerable to the diurnal mongoose). In other cases, such as oil palms in Indonesia and Malaysia, the introduction produces substantial economic benefits, but the benefits are accompanied by costly unintended consequences.
Question: What animal unintentionally invaded the US waterways?
Answer: the zebra mussel
Question: What animal intentionally invaded Hawaii?
Answer: mongooses
Question: What animals were not vulnerable to the mongoose?
Answer: nocturnal rats
Question: What countries experienced unintended consequences from species invasion?
Answer: Indonesia and Malaysia,
Question: What animal intentionally invaded the US waterways?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What animal unintentionally invaded Hawaii?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What animals were not vulnerable to the zebra mussel?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What countries experienced intended consequences from species invasion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is true about the introduction of the zebra mussel in Hawaii?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the lead up to the Iraq War, Kerry said on October 9, 2002; "I will be voting to give the President of the United States the authority to use force, if necessary, to disarm Saddam Hussein because I believe that a deadly arsenal of weapons of mass destruction in his hands is a real and grave threat to our security." Bush relied on that resolution in ordering the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Kerry also gave a January 23, 2003 speech to Georgetown University saying "Without question, we need to disarm Saddam Hussein. He is a brutal, murderous dictator; leading an oppressive regime he presents a particularly grievous threat because he is so consistently prone to miscalculation. So the threat of Saddam Hussein with weapons of mass destruction is real." Kerry did, however, warn that the administration should exhaust its diplomatic avenues before launching war: "Mr. President, do not rush to war, take the time to build the coalition, because it's not winning the war that's hard, it's winning the peace that's hard."
Question: When did Kerry say he intended to support the Iraq War?
Answer: October 9, 2002
Question: When did Bush declare the Iraq war?
Answer: 2003
Question: Who did Kerry say we should disarm?
Answer: Saddam Hussein
Question: When did Kerry speak at Georgetown University?
Answer: January 23, 2003 |
Context: Many were surprised by these changes to the CBC schedule, which were apparently intended to attract a younger audience to the network; some suggested they might alienate the core CBC viewership. Another note of criticism was made when the network decided to move The National in some time zones to simulcast the American version of The One over the summer. This later became a moot point, as The One was taken off the air after two weeks after extremely low American and Canadian ratings, and the newscast resumed its regular schedule.
Question: Which American newscast was taken off the air only two weeks after CBC began showing it?
Answer: The One
Question: Why did CBC move The National in some areas?
Answer: to simulcast the American version of The One over the summer
Question: For what purpose did CBC make significant changes to their broadcasting?
Answer: to attract a younger audience to the network
Question: The CDC decided to model their news program after what American show?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The National was taken off the air due to what problem?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CCA was concerned that schedule changes would cause what problem?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Twice a year, the CBC will retain new talent in order to serve what purpose?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Parque Rodó is both a barrio (neighbourhood) of Montevideo and a park which lies mostly outside the limits of the neighbourhood itself and belongs to Punta Carretas. The name "Rodó" commemorates José Enrique Rodó, an important Uruguayan writer whose monument is in the southern side of the main park. The park was conceived as a French-style city park. Apart from the main park area which is delimited by Sarmiento Avenue to the south, Parque Rodó includes an amusement park; the Estadio Luis Franzini, belonging to Defensor Sporting; the front lawn of the Faculty of Engineering and a strip west of the Club de Golf de Punta Carretas that includes the Canteras ("quarry") del Parque Rodó, the Teatro de Verano ("summer theatre") and the Lago ("lake") del Parque Rodó.
Question: Parque Rodo belongs to who?
Answer: Punta Carretas
Question: What does the name "Rodo" commemorate?
Answer: José Enrique Rodó
Question: Who was an important Uruguayan writer that is commemorated by Parque Rodo?
Answer: José Enrique Rodó
Question: Parque Rodo was originally conceived as what?
Answer: a French-style city park |
Context: In the case of http, https, file, and others, once the resource has been retrieved the web browser will display it. HTML and associated content (image files, formatting information such as CSS, etc.) is passed to the browser's layout engine to be transformed from markup to an interactive document, a process known as "rendering". Aside from HTML, web browsers can generally display any kind of content that can be part of a web page. Most browsers can display images, audio, video, and XML files, and often have plug-ins to support Flash applications and Java applets. Upon encountering a file of an unsupported type or a file that is set up to be downloaded rather than displayed, the browser prompts the user to save the file to disk.
Question: What is it called when content is changed from markup to an interactive document?
Answer: rendering
Question: Browsers typically have plug-ins to support what?
Answer: Flash applications and Java applets
Question: Browsers have you save to disk so they can support what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is it called when resources are changed from being unsupported to being downloaded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What files can be displayed when a file is unsupported?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What unsupported content can resources display that is part of a webpage?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What process happens to plug-ins saved to disk?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many sleeping birds bend their heads over their backs and tuck their bills in their back feathers, although others place their beaks among their breast feathers. Many birds rest on one leg, while some may pull up their legs into their feathers, especially in cold weather. Perching birds have a tendon locking mechanism that helps them hold on to the perch when they are asleep. Many ground birds, such as quails and pheasants, roost in trees. A few parrots of the genus Loriculus roost hanging upside down. Some hummingbirds go into a nightly state of torpor accompanied with a reduction of their metabolic rates. This physiological adaptation shows in nearly a hundred other species, including owlet-nightjars, nightjars, and woodswallows. One species, the common poorwill, even enters a state of hibernation. Birds do not have sweat glands, but they may cool themselves by moving to shade, standing in water, panting, increasing their surface area, fluttering their throat or by using special behaviours like urohidrosis to cool themselves.
Question: These types of birds have a tendon locking mechanism.
Answer: Perching birds
Question: Where do many ground birds, such as quails and pheasants, roost?
Answer: in trees
Question: A few parrots of what genus roost hanging upside down?
Answer: Loriculus
Question: What type of birds go into a nightly state of torpor?
Answer: Some hummingbirds
Question: Birds do not have what type of glands:?
Answer: sweat |
Context: Christianity (59%), particularly Catholicism (33%), was the most prevalently practiced religion in New York as of 2014, followed by Judaism, with approximately 1.1 million Jews in New York City, over half living in Brooklyn. Islam ranks third in New York City, with official estimates ranging between 600,000 and 1,000,000 observers and including 10% of the city's public schoolchildren, followed by Hinduism, Buddhism, and a variety of other religions, as well as atheism. In 2014, 24% self-identified with no organized religious affiliation.
Question: What percentage of New Yorkers are Christians?
Answer: 59%
Question: What percentage of New Yorkers follow the Catholic faith?
Answer: 33%
Question: About how many Jews live in New York City?
Answer: 1.1 million
Question: What borough has the largest population of Jewish people?
Answer: Brooklyn
Question: What is the third most popular faith in New York City?
Answer: Islam
Question: What was the most prominent religion in New York as of 2014?
Answer: Christianity
Question: The second most prominent religion in New York is what?
Answer: Judaism
Question: Half the population of Jews live in what borough of New York City?
Answer: Brooklyn
Question: What percentage of people in 2014 had no religion?
Answer: 24
Question: The third most popular religion in NYC is what?
Answer: Islam |
Context: Adolescence marks a time of sexual maturation, which manifests in social interactions as well. While adolescents may engage in casual sexual encounters (often referred to as hookups), most sexual experience during this period of development takes place within romantic relationships. Adolescents can use technologies and social media to seek out romantic relationships as they feel it is a safe place to try out dating and identity exploration. From these social media encounters, a further relationship may begin. Kissing, hand holding, and hugging signify satisfaction and commitment. Among young adolescents, "heavy" sexual activity, marked by genital stimulation, is often associated with violence, depression, and poor relationship quality. This effect does not hold true for sexual activity in late adolescence that takes place within a romantic relationship. Some research suggest that there are genetic causes of early sexual activity that are also risk factors for delinquency, suggesting that there is a group who are at risk for both early sexual activity and emotional distress. For old adolescents, though, sexual activity in the context of romantic relationships was actually correlated with lower levels of deviant behavior after controlling for genetic risks, as opposed to sex outside of a relationship (hook-ups)
Question: Casual sexual encounters are often referred to as what?
Answer: hookups
Question: Do most sexual experiences during adolescence take place within or seperate from romantic relationships?
Answer: within
Question: Where do some adolescents feel is a safe place to seek out romantic relationships, try out dating and indentity exploration?
Answer: social media
Question: What seperates "heavy" sexual activity from other forms of affection?
Answer: genital stimulation
Question: For older adolescents, is sexual activity in a romantic relationship associated with lower or higher levels of deviant behavior?
Answer: lower |
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