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Context: This period also saw some contacts with Jesuits and Capuchins from Europe, and in 1774 a Scottish nobleman, George Bogle, came to Shigatse to investigate prospects of trade for the British East India Company. However, in the 19th century the situation of foreigners in Tibet grew more tenuous. The British Empire was encroaching from northern India into the Himalayas, the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Russian Empire were expanding into Central Asia and each power became suspicious of the others' intentions in Tibet. Question: When did George Bogle come to Shigatse to investigate prospects of trade. Answer: 1774 Question: Who came to Tibet from Europe? Answer: Jesuits and Capuchins Question: When did the British and Russian empires begin encroaching on Tibet? Answer: 19th century Question: Who came to Shigatse in 1747? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why did George Bogle go to Shigatse in 1747? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which empire encroached from northern India in 1774? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which empire was expanding into Asia in 1774? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Between 1853 and 1870, the Emperor Napoleon III and the city's first director of parks and gardens, Jean-Charles Alphand, created the Bois de Boulogne, the Bois de Vincennes, Parc Montsouris and the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont, located at the four points of the compass around the city, as well as many smaller parks, squares and gardens in the Paris' quarters. Since 1977, the city has created 166 new parks, most notably the Parc de la Villette (1987), Parc André Citroën (1992), and Parc de Bercy (1997). One of the newest parks, the Promenade des Berges de la Seine (2013), built on a former highway on the Left Bank of the Seine between the Pont de l'Alma and the Musée d'Orsay, has floating gardens and gives a view of the city's landmarks. Question: Who was Paris' first director of parks and gardens? Answer: Jean-Charles Alphand Question: How many new parks have been created in Paris since 1977? Answer: 166 Question: WHen was the Parc de la Villette created? Answer: 1987 Question: What park has floating gardens? Answer: Promenade des Berges de la Seine Question: When was the Promenade des Berges de la Seine built? Answer: 2013
Context: Seen in panorama, Detroit's waterfront shows a variety of architectural styles. The post modern Neo-Gothic spires of the One Detroit Center (1993) were designed to blend with the city's Art Deco skyscrapers. Together with the Renaissance Center, they form a distinctive and recognizable skyline. Examples of the Art Deco style include the Guardian Building and Penobscot Building downtown, as well as the Fisher Building and Cadillac Place in the New Center area near Wayne State University. Among the city's prominent structures are United States' largest Fox Theatre, the Detroit Opera House, and the Detroit Institute of Arts. Question: What architectural style does One Detroit Center boast? Answer: post modern Neo-Gothic spires Question: What style does the Guardian building use? Answer: Art Deco Question: What is a famous theater in Detroit? Answer: Fox Theatre Question: What is a famous opera house in Detroit? Answer: Detroit Opera House Question: What university is near the New Center? Answer: Wayne State University
Context: Today both the Papireto river and the Kemonia are covered up by buildings. However, the shape of the former watercourses can still be recognised today, because the streets that were built on them follow their shapes. Today the only waterway not drained yet is the Oreto river that divides the downtown of the city from the western uptown and the industrial districts. In the basins there were, though, many seasonal torrents that helped formed swampy plains, reclaimed during history; a good example of which can be found in the borough of Mondello. Question: How can former rivers be recognised presently? Answer: the streets that were built on them follow their shapes Question: What is the only remaining waterway in Palermo? Answer: Oreto river Question: Which two former rivers in Palermo are currently building sites? Answer: Papireto river and the Kemonia Question: What bodies of water run through Pallermo? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What follows the former course of the Oreto? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What river divides the easr and west sides of the city? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What helped form the rivers. Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Cultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then "reinvented" in the English-speaking world as a product of the "cultural turn" of the 1960s, which ushered in structuralist and postmodern approaches to social science. This type of cultural sociology may loosely be regarded as an approach incorporating cultural analysis and critical theory. Cultural sociologists tend to reject scientific methods,[citation needed] instead hermeneutically focusing on words, artifacts and symbols. "Culture" has since become an important concept across many branches of sociology, including resolutely scientific fields like social stratification and social network analysis. As a result, there has been a recent influx of quantitative sociologists to the field. Thus there is now a growing group of sociologists of culture who are, confusingly, not cultural sociologists. These scholars reject the abstracted postmodern aspects of cultural sociology, and instead look for a theoretical backing in the more scientific vein of social psychology and cognitive science. "Cultural sociology" is one of the largest sections of the American Sociological Association. The British establishment of cultural studies means the latter is often taught as a loosely distinct discipline in the UK. Question: Where did sociology culture stem from? Answer: Weimar Germany Question: Who was the first to refer to culture as sociology? Answer: Alfred Weber Question: What do cultural sociologist tend to reject as key attribute of culture? Answer: scientific methods Question: Where did sociology culture become rejected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the last to refer to culture as sociology? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which sociologists tend to accept scientific methods? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has never been an important concept across many branches of sociology? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On 26 July 2012, to coincide with the official start of the London 2012 Olympics and the issuing of a series of souvenir front covers, The Times added the suffix "of London" to its masthead. Question: What major event took place in London in 2012? Answer: London 2012 Olympics Question: What kind of front cover did The Times issue on 26 July 2012? Answer: souvenir Question: In 2012, The Times added what suffix to its masthead? Answer: of London
Context: The age of consent to sexual activity varies widely between jurisdictions, ranging from 12 to 20 years, as does the age at which people are allowed to marry. Specific legal ages for adolescents that also vary by culture are enlisting in the military, gambling, and the purchase of alcohol, cigarettes or items with parental advisory labels. It should be noted that the legal coming of age often does not correspond with the sudden realization of autonomy; many adolescents who have legally reached adult age are still dependent on their guardians or peers for emotional and financial support. Nonetheless, new legal privileges converge with shifting social expectations to usher in a phase of heightened independence or social responsibility for most legal adolescents. Question: What is the range of consentual age variance between jurisdictions? Answer: 12 to 20 years Question: Is the age that peope are allowed to marry universally decided upon? Answer: No Question: What are other areas in which legal societal age varies? Answer: enlisting in the military, gambling, and the purchase of alcohol, cigarettes or items with parental advisory labels
Context: Another occasionally used criterion for discriminating dialects from languages is that of linguistic authority, a more sociolinguistic notion. According to this definition, two varieties are considered dialects of the same language if (under at least some circumstances) they would defer to the same authority regarding some questions about their language. For instance, to learn the name of a new invention, or an obscure foreign species of plant, speakers of Bavarian German and East Franconian German might each consult a German dictionary or ask a German-speaking expert in the subject. By way of contrast, although Yiddish is classified by linguists as a language in the "Middle High German" group of languages, a Yiddish speaker would not consult a German dictionary to determine the word to use in such a case. Question: What term refers to another way in which dialects are distinguished from languages? Answer: linguistic authority Question: Under the linguistic authority criteria, what is a dialect of German along with Bavarian German? Answer: East Franconian German Question: Of what group of languages is Yiddish a member? Answer: Middle High German Question: Why is Yiddish not a dialect of German? Answer: a Yiddish speaker would not consult a German dictionary Question: A less sociolinguistic notion, what is the term for another criterion for distinguishing dialects? Answer: Unanswerable Question: A more sociolinguistic notion, what is the term for another criterion for distinguishing German dictionarys? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Under what authority would two varieties be considered dialects of different languages if they would refer to the same body with questions about their languages? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which dictionary would a Yiddish speaker look for questions regarding word usage? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which language is classified by linguists as being in the Lower High German group? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In jurisdictions using a common law system, the doctrine of stare decisis applies, whereby the principles applied by the supreme court in its decisions are binding upon all lower courts; this is intended to apply a uniform interpretation and implementation of the law. In civil law jurisdictions the doctrine of stare decisis is not generally considered to apply, so the decisions of the supreme court are not necessarily binding beyond the immediate case before it; however, in practice the decisions of the supreme court usually provide a very strong precedent, or jurisprudence constante, for both itself and all lower courts. Question: What term describes a system where the supreme court's decisions are binding over the lower courts? Answer: stare decisis Question: What jurisdictions does this system not apply to? Answer: civil law jurisdictions Question: In a civil law jurisdiction, rulings by a supreme court are only binding for which decisions? Answer: the immediate case before it Question: Even in civil law jurisdictions, decisions by supreme courts establish what? Answer: a very strong precedent Question: What is the legal term for the precedence established by multiple court rulings? Answer: jurisprudence constante Question: What doctrine applies in jurisdictions that have a supreme court system? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does stare decisis say about decisions made by lower courts in regard the supreme court? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the civil court precedent also known as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are not necessarily binding in common law jurisdictions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: As a relatively small and isolated oceanic island, Norfolk has few land birds but a high degree of endemicity among them. Many of the endemic species and subspecies have become extinct as a result of massive clearance of the island's native vegetation of subtropical rainforest for agriculture, hunting and persecution as agricultural pests. The birds have also suffered from the introduction of mammals such as rats, cats, pigs and goats, as well as from introduced competitors such as common blackbirds and crimson rosellas. Question: What type of bird does Norfolk Island have few of? Answer: land Question: What is one reason that has caused many of the birds of Norfolk Island to become extinct? Answer: massive clearance of the island's native vegetation Question: What is the second thing that caused many of the birds of Norfolk Island to become extinct? Answer: hunting and persecution as agricultural pests Question: What non-bird animals caused the bird populations of Norfolk Island to suffer? Answer: mammals Question: What non-native birds caused the bird populations of Norfolk Island to suffer? Answer: common blackbirds and crimson rosellas Question: What type of bird does Norfolk Island have billions of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one reason that has caused many of the birds of Norfolk Island to thrive? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the second thing that caused many of the birds of Norfolk Island to thrive? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What non-bird animals caused the bird populations of Norfolk Island to celebrate? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What non-native birds caused the bird populations of Norfolk Island to be happy? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1919, following the Treaty of Versailles, the city was restituted to France in accordance with U.S. President Woodrow Wilson's "Fourteen Points" without a referendum. The date of the assignment was retroactively established on Armistice Day. It is doubtful whether a referendum in Strasbourg would have ended in France's favour since the political parties striving for an autonomous Alsace or a connection to France accounted only for a small proportion of votes in the last Reichstag as well as in the local elections. The Alsatian autonomists who were pro French had won many votes in the more rural parts of the region and other towns since the annexation of the region by Germany in 1871. The movement started with the first election for the Reichstag; those elected were called "les députés protestataires", and until the fall of Bismarck in 1890, they were the only deputies elected by the Alsatians to the German parliament demanding the return of those territories to France. At the last Reichstag election in Strasbourg and its periphery, the clear winners were the Social Democrats; the city was the administrative capital of the region, was inhabited by many Germans appointed by the central government in Berlin and its flourishing economy attracted many Germans. This could explain the difference between the rural vote and the one in Strasbourg. After the war, many Germans left Strasbourg and went back to Germany; some of them were denounced by the locals or expelled by the newly appointed authorities. The Saverne Affair was vivid in the memory among the Alsatians. Question: What year was it restituted to France? Answer: 1919 Question: What autonomists were pro French? Answer: Alsatian Question: In what year did Bismarck fall? Answer: 1890 Question: Who won the last election at Reichstag? Answer: Social Democrats Question: Who had vivid memories of the Saverne Affair? Answer: Alsatians Question: In what year was U.S. President Woodrow Wilson first elected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year were the last Reichstag elections held in Strasbourg? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the Saverne Affair occur? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the capital of France in 1919? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the Social Democrats form? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In France during the Middle Ages, there were two Great Officers of the Crown of France with police responsibilities: The Marshal of France and the Constable of France. The military policing responsibilities of the Marshal of France were delegated to the Marshal's provost, whose force was known as the Marshalcy because its authority ultimately derived from the Marshal. The marshalcy dates back to the Hundred Years' 'War, and some historians trace it back to the early 12th century. Another organisation, the Constabulary (French: Connétablie), was under the command of the Constable of France. The constabulary was regularised as a military body in 1337. Under King Francis I (who reigned 1515–1547), the Maréchaussée was merged with the Constabulary. The resulting force was also known as the Maréchaussée, or, formally, the Constabulary and Marshalcy of France. Question: Which two entities in Medieval France had police duties? Answer: The Marshal of France and the Constable of France Question: How were the Marshal and Constable of France formally classified? Answer: Great Officers of the Crown of France Question: What was the Marshal's force called? Answer: the Marshalcy Question: What was the Constable's force called, in English? Answer: the Constabulary Question: What was the Constable's force called, in French? Answer: Connétablie Question: Which two entities in Medieval France didn't have police duties? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How were the Marshal and Constable of France informally classified? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the Marshal's peace corps called? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the Captain's force called, in English? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the Constable's force not called, in French? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1941, the Luftwaffe shifted strategy again. Erich Raeder—commander-in-chief of the Kriegsmarine—had long argued the Luftwaffe should support the German submarine force (U-Bootwaffe) in the Battle of the Atlantic by attacking shipping in the Atlantic Ocean and attacking British ports. Eventually, he convinced Hitler of the need to attack British port facilities. Hitler had been convinced by Raeder that this was the right course of action due to the high success rates of the U-Boat force during this period of the war. Hitler correctly noted that the greatest damage to the British war economy had been done through submarines and air attacks by small numbers of Focke-Wulf Fw 200 naval aircraft. He ordered attacks to be carried out on those targets which were also the target of the Kriegsmarine. This meant that British coastal centres and shipping at sea west of Ireland were the prime targets. Question: What did Erich Raeder believe the Luftwaffe needed to do? Answer: support the German submarine force Question: Raeder convinced Hitler to do what? Answer: attack British port facilities. Question: What ultimately convinced Hitler that Raeder was right? Answer: the high success rates of the U-Boat force Question: Submarines and naval aircraft damaged what primarily? Answer: British war economy Question: What became the new targets for the Kriegsmarine? Answer: British coastal centres and shipping at sea west of Ireland
Context: Initially PCBs were designed manually by creating a photomask on a clear mylar sheet, usually at two or four times the true size. Starting from the schematic diagram the component pin pads were laid out on the mylar and then traces were routed to connect the pads. Rub-on dry transfers of common component footprints increased efficiency. Traces were made with self-adhesive tape. Pre-printed non-reproducing grids on the mylar assisted in layout. To fabricate the board, the finished photomask was photolithographically reproduced onto a photoresist coating on the blank copper-clad boards. Question: What did PCB designers used to employ on a mylar sheet? Answer: photomask Question: In the old PCB design method, what was used to connect component pin pads? Answer: traces Question: What were traces originally made out of? Answer: self-adhesive tape Question: Designers would rub on a dry transfer of what to make the process of laying out components simpler? Answer: common component footprints Question: What kind of metal coated the blank boards used to make PCBs? Answer: copper Question: Initially PCBs were designed mechanically how? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Pin pads were laid out on the nylon and then what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Self-adhesive mylar was used to make what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Pre-printed reproducing grids on the mylar assisted in what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Printed copper-clad boards were used to make what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years. Question: The Warsaw Chopin Society holds the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin how often? Answer: every five years. Question: What is the name of the event that The Warsaw Chopin Society holds? Answer: Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin Question: On Chopin's 200th anniversary critics of what publication made recommendations on recordings of Chopin's work? Answer: The New York Times Question: Who organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings? Answer: The Warsaw Chopin Society Question: How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings held? Answer: every five years. Question: Upon Chopin's bicentenary, who recommended a list of who should perform Chopin? Answer: The New York Times
Context: The Exopterygota likely are paraphyletic in regard to the Endopterygota. Matters that have incurred controversy include Strepsiptera and Diptera grouped together as Halteria based on a reduction of one of the wing pairs – a position not well-supported in the entomological community. The Neuropterida are often lumped or split on the whims of the taxonomist. Fleas are now thought to be closely related to boreid mecopterans. Many questions remain in the basal relationships amongst endopterygote orders, particularly the Hymenoptera. Question: What are likely to be paraphyletic? Answer: The Exopterygota Question: Strepsiptera and Diptera are controversial what? Answer: Matters Question: Strepsiptera and Diptera grouped together are called what? Answer: Halteria Question: A discussion regarding wing pairs is not supported by what community? Answer: the entomological community Question: What is split or lumped together by a taxonomist? Answer: The Neuropterida
Context: On Dell and Toshiba laptops, the port is marked with the standard USB symbol with an added lightning bolt icon on the right side. Dell calls this feature PowerShare, while Toshiba calls it USB Sleep-and-Charge. On Acer Inc. and Packard Bell laptops, sleep-and-charge USB ports are marked with a non-standard symbol (the letters USB over a drawing of a battery); the feature is simply called Power-off USB. On some laptops such as Dell and Apple MacBook models, it is possible to plug a device in, close the laptop (putting it into sleep mode) and have the device continue to charge.[citation needed] Question: On what laptops are the USB ports marked with a USB symbol with an added lightening bolt icon? Answer: On Dell and Toshiba laptops Question: What does dell call the feature that lets USB drives to remain powered when the computer is off? Answer: PowerShare Question: On what laptops are the sleep-and-charge marked with a non-standard symbol? Answer: On Acer Inc. and Packard Bell laptops
Context: Nicholas Lezard described post-punk as "a fusion of art and music". The era saw the robust appropriation of ideas from literature, art, cinema, philosophy, politics and critical theory into musical and pop cultural contexts. Artists sought to refuse the common distinction between high and low culture and returned to the art school tradition found in the work of artists such as Captain Beefheart and David Bowie. Among major influences on a variety of post-punk artists were writers such as William S. Burroughs and J.G. Ballard, avant-garde political scenes such as Situationism and Dada, and intellectual movements such as postmodernism. Many artists viewed their work in explicitly political terms. Additionally, in some locations, the creation of post-punk music was closely linked to the development of efficacious subcultures, which played important roles in the production of art, multimedia performances, fanzines and independent labels related to the music. Many post-punk artists maintained an anti-corporatist approach to recording and instead seized on alternate means of producing and releasing music. Journalists also became an important element of the culture, and popular music magazines and critics became immersed in the movement. Question: How did Nicholas Lezard describe post-punk? Answer: fusion of art and music Question: Which artists were influential in post-punk? Answer: Captain Beefheart and David Bowie Question: Which writers helped to influence the post-punk movement? Answer: William S. Burroughs and J.G. Ballard Question: What was an intellectual focus of post-punk? Answer: postmodernism Question: How did the post-punk movement feel about big business? Answer: anti-corporatist Question: What was Nicholas Lezard's description of post-punk? Answer: "a fusion of art and music" Question: Where did post-punk ram its appropriation of ideas into? Answer: musical and pop cultural contexts Question: What tradition could be found in works by Captain Beefheart and David Bowie? Answer: art school Question: What intellectual movement informed and influenced a variety of post-punk artists? Answer: postmodernism Question: Why did many post-punk artists produce and release their own music? Answer: anti-corporatist Question: What does L.G Ballard describes post-punk as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did artists want to make a distinction between? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What disciplines appropriated ideas from post-punk? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What writers were influenced by the post-punk movement? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What culture did journalists not participate in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did Nicholas Lezard refuse to describe post-punk? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which artists did not influence post-punk? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was not an intellectual focus of post-punk? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why did post-punk artists never produce and release their own music? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was not an important element of the culture? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Directorate of Operations is responsible for collecting foreign intelligence, mainly from clandestine HUMINT sources, and covert action. The name reflects its role as the coordinator of human intelligence activities among other elements of the wider U.S. intelligence community with their own HUMINT operations. This Directorate was created in an attempt to end years of rivalry over influence, philosophy and budget between the United States Department of Defense (DOD) and the CIA. In spite of this, the Department of Defense recently organized its own global clandestine intelligence service, the Defense Clandestine Service (DCS), under the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). Question: What office is in charge of collecting foreign intelligence? Answer: The Directorate of Operations Question: What is the main reason the Directorate of Operations was created? Answer: to end years of rivalry Question: What intelligence service did the Department of Defense recently create? Answer: the Defense Clandestine Service Question: What does DIA stand for? Answer: Defense Intelligence Agency Question: What is DOD short for? Answer: Department of Defense
Context: Another term for Christians which appears in the New Testament is "Nazarenes" which is used by the Jewish lawyer Tertullus in Acts 24. Tertullian (Against Marcion 4:8) records that "the Jews call us Nazarenes," while around 331 AD Eusebius records that Christ was called a Nazoraean from the name Nazareth, and that in earlier centuries "Christians," were once called "Nazarenes." The Hebrew equivalent of "Nazarenes", Notzrim, occurs in the Babylonian Talmud, and is still the modern Israeli Hebrew term for Christian. Question: In Acts 24, what is another word that Christians are called? Answer: Nazarenes Question: What was Jesus called since he was from Nazareth? Answer: Nazoraean Question: What is another Hebrew term for Nazarenes? Answer: Notzrim Question: Wha still calls Christians Notzrim? Answer: modern Israeli Hebrew Question: What is another term for Christians which appears in the Old Testament? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which book of the Old Testament does Tertullus use the term Nazarenes to refer to Christians? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which book of the New Testament does Marcion refer to Christians as Nazarenes as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which book of the New Testament does Tertullus refer to Christians as Babylonian Talmuds? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which book of the New Testament are Nazarenes referred to as Eusebius records? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Kinsey scale has been praised for dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum. Despite seven categories being able to provide a more accurate description of sexual orientation than a dichotomous scale it is still difficult to determine which category individuals should be assigned to. In a major study comparing sexual response in homosexual males and females, Masters and Johnson discuss the difficulty of assigning the Kinsey ratings to participants. Particularly, they found it difficult to determine the relative amount heterosexual and homosexual experience and response in a person's history when using the scale. They report finding it difficult to assign ratings 2-4 for individuals with a large number of heterosexual and homosexual experiences. When, there is a lot of heterosexual and homosexual experiences in one's history it becomes difficult for that individual to be fully objective in assessing the relative amount of each. Question: What has the KInsey scaled been praised for? Answer: dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. Question: What has the Kinsey scale been critisized for? Answer: because it is still not a true continuum Question: How many categories are used in the KInsey scale? Answer: seven Question: In a study by Masters and Johnson what did the find difficult about KIneys ratings? Answer: to determine the relative amount heterosexual and homosexual experience and response in a person's history when using the scale Question: What in somebodys past caused problems for the Kinsey scale? Answer: a large number of heterosexual and homosexual experiences
Context: Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer for Chrysler and General Motors. Since Madonna had the same name as her mother, family members called her "Little Nonni". She has two elder brothers, Anthony (born 1956) and Martin (born 1957), and three younger siblings, Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962). Question: Madonna was born to which religion? Answer: Catholic Question: Where were Madonna's paternal grandparents come from? Answer: Pacentro, Italy Question: Madonna's mother was from which ancestry? Answer: French-Canadian Question: What was Tony's occupation? Answer: engineer designer Question: What was Madonna's nickname when she was younger? Answer: Little Nonni
Context: Theories dealing with perception either use one or multiples perceptions in order to find an emotion (Goldie, 2007).A recent hybrid of the somatic and cognitive theories of emotion is the perceptual theory. This theory is neo-Jamesian in arguing that bodily responses are central to emotions, yet it emphasizes the meaningfulness of emotions or the idea that emotions are about something, as is recognized by cognitive theories. The novel claim of this theory is that conceptually-based cognition is unnecessary for such meaning. Rather the bodily changes themselves perceive the meaningful content of the emotion because of being causally triggered by certain situations. In this respect, emotions are held to be analogous to faculties such as vision or touch, which provide information about the relation between the subject and the world in various ways. A sophisticated defense of this view is found in philosopher Jesse Prinz's book Gut Reactions, and psychologist James Laird's book Feelings. Question: What theory argues that conceptual cognition is not required for emotional meaning? Answer: the perceptual theory Question: What book by Prinz defended the perceptual theory? Answer: Gut Reactions Question: What book on the perceptual theory was written by James Laird? Answer: Feelings Question: What is Laird's job title? Answer: psychologist Question: What is Jesse Prinz's profession? Answer: philosopher Question: What theory doesn't argue that conceptual cognition is not required for emotional meaning? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What book by Prinz didn't defend the perceptual theory? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What book on the perceptual theory wasn't written by James Laird? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is Laird's mother's name? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: It has been said that GE got into computer manufacturing because in the 1950s they were the largest user of computers outside the United States federal government, aside from being the first business in the world to own a computer. Its major appliance manufacturing plant "Appliance Park" was the first non-governmental site to host one. However, in 1970, GE sold its computer division to Honeywell, exiting the computer manufacturing industry, though it retained its timesharing operations for some years afterwards. GE was a major provider of computer timesharing services, through General Electric Information Services (GEIS, now GXS), offering online computing services that included GEnie. Question: During which decade did GE start manufacuring computers? Answer: 1950s Question: What was the name of GE's major appliance manufacturing plant? Answer: Appliance Park Question: In what year did GE sell its computer division to Honeywell? Answer: 1970 Question: What division of GE provides computer timesharing services? Answer: GXS Question: What was the name of first business in the world to own a computer? Answer: GE Question: What year saw the release of GEnie? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did GE's "Appliance Park" begin hosting computers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what decade did Honeywell first enter the computer manufacturing industry? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who managed the second non-governmental computer hosting site? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the second business to own a computer after GE? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Beer is sold in bottles and cans; it may also be available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (abv), although it may vary between 0.5% and 20%, with some breweries creating examples of 40% abv and above. Beer forms part of the culture of beer-drinking nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as a rich pub culture involving activities like pub crawling, and pub games such as bar billiards. Question: What types of containers is beer generally sold in? Answer: bottles and cans Question: In addition to bottles and cans, How is beer often sold in bars? Answer: draught Question: In general, what is usually the alcohol content in most beer? Answer: around 4% to 6% Question: What festivals are a social tradition in many beer drinking countries? Answer: beer festivals, Question: What is a pub game that is popular in many beer drinking nations? Answer: bar billiards Question: What is the alcohol content in all beer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the highest percentage of alcohol in beer available? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the most popular pub game? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many brewing companies are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the strength of beer in pubs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is beer in bottles and cans most commonly sold? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The strength of what varies between 0.4% and 50% Answer: Unanswerable Question: What activities are common with beer festivals? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Its average annual temperature is 18.4 °C (65.1 °F). 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) during the day and 13.8 °C (56.8 °F) at night. In the coldest month – January, the maximum temperature typically during the day ranges from 13 to 21 °C (55 to 70 °F), the minimum temperature typically at night ranges from 4 to 12 °C (39 to 54 °F). In the warmest month – August, the maximum temperature during the day typically ranges from 28–34 °C (82–93 °F), about 23 °C (73 °F) at night. Generally, temperatures similar to those experienced in the northern part of Europe in summer last about 8 months, from April to November. March is transitional, the temperature often exceeds 20 °C (68 °F), with an average temperature of 19.0 °C (66 °F) during the day and 10.0 °C (50 °F) at night. December, January and February are the coldest months, with average temperatures around 17 °C (63 °F) during the day and 7 °C (45 °F) at night. Valencia has one of the mildest winters in Europe, owing to its southern location on the Mediterranean Sea and the Foehn phenomenon. The January average is comparable to temperatures expected for May and September in the major cities of northern Europe. Question: What is Valencia's average yearly temperature? Answer: 18.4 °C Question: Which month is the hottest in Valencia? Answer: August Question: Which month is the chilliest in Valencia? Answer: January Question: In northern Europe, which months have temperatures similar to Valencia's in January? Answer: May and September Question: What is the average maximum daytime temperature in August in Valencia? Answer: 28–34 °C
Context: Fluids cannot generally be pulled, so a vacuum cannot be created by suction. Suction can spread and dilute a vacuum by letting a higher pressure push fluids into it, but the vacuum has to be created first before suction can occur. The easiest way to create an artificial vacuum is to expand the volume of a container. For example, the diaphragm muscle expands the chest cavity, which causes the volume of the lungs to increase. This expansion reduces the pressure and creates a partial vacuum, which is soon filled by air pushed in by atmospheric pressure. Question: What can be measured in the atmosphere? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can a container spread and dilute? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does fluid push into the lungs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What moves high pressure in the atmosphere? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can be used in a chest cavity during surgery? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Internet hosting services provide email, web-hosting, or online storage services. Other services include virtual server, cloud services, or physical server operation. Question: What do internet hosting services provide? Answer: email, web-hosting, or online storage services Question: Who provides a virtual server service? Answer: Internet hosting services Question: who provides cloud services? Answer: Internet hosting services Question: Internet hosting protocols provide what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who provides physical servers to customers Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who provides off-line storage services Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The control of associated biodiversity is one of the great agricultural challenges that farmers face. On monoculture farms, the approach is generally to eradicate associated diversity using a suite of biologically destructive pesticides, mechanized tools and transgenic engineering techniques, then to rotate crops. Although some polyculture farmers use the same techniques, they also employ integrated pest management strategies as well as strategies that are more labor-intensive, but generally less dependent on capital, biotechnology and energy. Question: What is one of the great agricultural challenges that farmers face? Answer: The control of associated biodiversity Question: What farms use biologically destructive pesticides Answer: monoculture farms Question: What farmers use integrated pest management strategies? Answer: polyculture farmers Question: What farmers are generally less dependent on capital, biotechnology and energy? Answer: polyculture farmers Question: What is one of the great polyculture challenges that farmers face? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What farms use polyculture destructive pesticides? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What farmers use integrated capital management strategies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What farmers are generally less dependent on monoculture farms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the approach on a biotechnology farm? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Nevertheless, whether and to what degree any of these types of intermediaries have secondary liability is the subject of ongoing litigation. The decentralised structure of peer-to-peer networks, in particular, does not sit easily with existing laws on online intermediaries' liability. The BitTorrent protocol established an entirely decentralised network architecture in order to distribute large files effectively. Recent developments in peer-to-peer technology towards more complex network configurations are said to have been driven by a desire to avoid liability as intermediaries under existing laws. Question: What is the legal status of secondary liability? Answer: subject of ongoing litigation Question: What makes peer-to-peer networks different than other online providers? Answer: decentralised structure Question: What was the initial purpose of the BitTorrent protocol? Answer: distribute large files effectively Question: What are the reasons for more complex network configurations in peer-to-peer software development? Answer: to avoid liability as intermediaries Question: What is the legal status of primary liability? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What makes peer-to-peer networks the same as other online providers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the final purpose of the BitTorrent protocol? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What wasn't the initial purpose of the BitTorrent protocol? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are the reasons for more simple network configurations in peer-to-peer software development? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Historical population figures are unknown. In 1862, the population was estimated at about 10,000. In 1960, the entire population was about 15,000. In July 2011, the number of island residents was estimated to number about 72,191. Over two-thirds of the population live in the capital, Majuro and Ebeye, the secondary urban center, located in Kwajalein Atoll. This excludes many who have relocated elsewhere, primarily to the United States. The Compact of Free Association allows them to freely relocate to the United States and obtain work there. A large concentration of about 4,300 Marshall Islanders have relocated to Springdale, Arkansas, the largest population concentration of natives outside their island home. Question: About how many people lived in the Marshall Islands in 1862? Answer: 10,000 Question: How many people lived in the Marshall Islands in 1960? Answer: 15,000 Question: As of July 2011, how many people resided on the Marshall Islands? Answer: 72,191 Question: On what atoll is Ebeye located? Answer: Kwajalein Atoll Question: What town hosts the largest number of Marshall Islanders outside the Marshall Islands? Answer: Springdale, Arkansas
Context: According to the traditional narrative, several companions of Muhammad served as scribes and were responsible for writing down the revelations. Shortly after Muhammad's death, the Quran was compiled by his companions who wrote down and memorized parts of it. These codices had differences that motivated the Caliph Uthman to establish a standard version now known as Uthman's codex, which is generally considered the archetype of the Quran known today. There are, however, variant readings, with mostly minor differences in meaning. Question: Who first recorded Muhammad revelations? Answer: companions of Muhammad Question: Who first standardized the earliest versions of the Quran? Answer: Caliph Uthman Question: By what name is the first standardized version of the Quran known? Answer: Uthman's codex Question: Who last recorded Muhammad revelations? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who last standardized the earliest versions of the Quran? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who first standardized the latest versions of the Quran? Answer: Unanswerable Question: By what name is the last standardized version of the Quran known? Answer: Unanswerable Question: By what name is the first standardized version of the Quran unknown? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1903, after British victory in the Anglo-Boer war, Swaziland became a British protectorate. Much of its early administration (for example, postal services) being carried out from South Africa until 1906 when the Transvaal colony was granted self-government. Following this, Swaziland was partitioned into European and non-European (or native reserves) areas with the former being two-thirds of the total land. Sobhuza's official coronation was in December 1921 after the regency of Labotsibeni after which he led an unsuccessful deputation to the Privy council in London in 1922 regarding the issue of the land. Question: In what year did the British take Swaziland on as a protectorate? Answer: 1903 Question: What 1903 conflict involving the British caused Swaziland to become a protectorate? Answer: Anglo-Boer war Question: In what year was Swaziland given self governance? Answer: 1906 Question: How much of Swaziland did the European area contain after the portioning? Answer: two-thirds of the total land Question: When was Sobhuza coronated? Answer: December 1921 Question: Who did Swaziland become a protectorate of in the 19th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What war did Swaziland loose in the 19th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who started carrying out Sazilands administration in 1906? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was granted self-government in the 19th century? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: During the First Opium War, the British navy defeated Eight Banners forces at Ningbo and Dinghai. Under the terms of the Treaty of Nanking, signed in 1843, Ningbo became one of the five Chinese treaty ports opened to virtually unrestricted foreign trade. Much of Zhejiang came under the control of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom during the Taiping Rebellion, which resulted in a considerable loss of life in the province. In 1876, Wenzhou became Zhejiang's second treaty port. Question: During which war did the British navy defeat Eight Banners forces at Ningbo and Dinghai? Answer: the First Opium War Question: When was the Treaty of Nanking signed? Answer: 1843 Question: What became one of the five Chinese treaty ports under the terms of the Treaty of Nanking? Answer: Ningbo Question: What did much of Zhejiang come under control of during the Taiping Rebellion? Answer: the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Question: When did Wenzhou become Zhejiang's second treaty port? Answer: 1876 Question: During which war did the British navy get beaten by Eight Banners forces at Ningbo and Dinghai? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the Treaty of Nanking rejected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did not become one of the five Chinese treaty ports under the terms of the Treaty of Nanking? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did much of Zhejiang reject of during the Taiping Rebellion? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Wenzhou become Zhejiang's third treaty port? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Strasbourg's status as a free city was revoked by the French Revolution. Enragés, most notoriously Eulogius Schneider, ruled the city with an increasingly iron hand. During this time, many churches and monasteries were either destroyed or severely damaged. The cathedral lost hundreds of its statues (later replaced by copies in the 19th century) and in April 1794, there was talk of tearing its spire down, on the grounds that it was against the principle of equality. The tower was saved, however, when in May of the same year citizens of Strasbourg crowned it with a giant tin Phrygian cap. This artifact was later kept in the historical collections of the city until it was destroyed by the Germans in 1870 during the Franco-Prussian war. Question: What revoked Strasbourg's status as a free city? Answer: French Revolution Question: Who ruled the city with an iron hand? Answer: Eulogius Schneider Question: What did the cathedrals lose in April 1794? Answer: statues Question: What was the giant Phrygian cap made out of? Answer: tin Question: Who destroyed the Phrygian cap in 1870? Answer: Germans Question: In what year did the French Revolution end? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who started the French Revolution? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the Franco-Prussian war start? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did Eulogius Schneider take over rule of Strasbourg? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of schools as organizations. Although the terms "educational psychology" and "school psychology" are often used interchangeably, researchers and theorists are likely to be identified as educational psychologists, whereas practitioners in schools or school-related settings are identified as school psychologists. Educational psychology is concerned with the processes of educational attainment in the general population and in sub-populations such as gifted children and those with specific disabilities. Question: What is the meaning of Education psychology? Answer: the study of how humans learn in educational settings Question: What is also used interchangeably with Education psychology? Answer: school psychology Question: Who are likely to be identified as educational psychologist? Answer: researchers and theorists Question: What is educational psychology concerned with? Answer: the processes of educational attainment Question: What is the study of how humans do not learn? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term is not used interchangeably with the term education psychology? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are not identified as educational psychologist? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does educational psychology not study? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is not a sub-population? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The first electric elevator was built by Werner von Siemens in 1880 in Germany. The inventor Anton Freissler developed the ideas of von Siemens and built up a successful enterprise in Austria-Hungary. The safety and speed of electric elevators were significantly enhanced by Frank Sprague who added floor control, automatic elevators, acceleration control of cars, and safeties. His elevator ran faster and with larger loads than hydraulic or steam elevators, and 584 electric elevators were installed before Sprague sold his company to the Otis Elevator Company in 1895. Sprague also developed the idea and technology for multiple elevators in a single shaft. Question: Who built the first electric elevator? Answer: Werner von Siemens Question: The first electric elevator, built in 1880, was in what Country? Answer: Germany Question: Who ultilized von Siemens ideas to build a succesful business? Answer: Anton Freissler Question: Who is credited with increasing the safety and speed of electric elevators? Answer: Frank Sprague Question: To whom did Frank Sprague sell his company to in 1895? Answer: Otis Elevator Company
Context: Support for the U.S. cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002. Even so, many of the "coalition of the willing" countries that unconditionally supported the U.S.-led military action have sent troops to Afghanistan, particular neighboring Pakistan, which has disowned its earlier support for the Taliban and contributed tens of thousands of soldiers to the conflict. Pakistan was also engaged in the War in North-West Pakistan (Waziristan War). Supported by U.S. intelligence, Pakistan was attempting to remove the Taliban insurgency and al-Qaeda element from the northern tribal areas. Question: What were the countries who supported the US's post-9/11 invasions called? Answer: the "coalition of the willing" Question: Which country disavowed the Taliban? Answer: Pakistan Question: How many soldiers did Pakistan contribute to fight the Taliban? Answer: tens of thousands Question: Where in Pakistan is Waziristan? Answer: North-West Question: Where did Pakistan try to remove the Taliban and Al-Qaeda? Answer: northern tribal areas Question: What action made support for the US increase? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which country refused to send troops into Afghanistan? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many soldiers did the coalition of the willing contribute? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the war in the northern tribal areas called? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Afghanistan attempting with the US's help? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Oklahoma City is home to several professional sports teams, including the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association. The Thunder is the city's second "permanent" major professional sports franchise after the now-defunct AFL Oklahoma Wranglers and is the third major-league team to call the city home when considering the temporary hosting of the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets for the 2005–06 and 2006–07 NBA seasons. Question: What NBA team hails from Oklahoma City? Answer: Thunder
Context: During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II." With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named "Ivy Mike," the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as "by far the most contaminated place in the world." Question: In what year did the Cold War begin? Answer: 1946 Question: How many nuclear weapons were tested in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958? Answer: 67 Question: What was the name of the United States' largest atmospheric nuclear test? Answer: Castle Bravo Question: What was the yield of the Castle Bravo bombs in kilotons? Answer: 108,496 Question: Which of the Marshall Islands was destroyed in a United States hydrogen bomb test? Answer: Elugelab
Context: After a period of confusion following Alexander's death, the Antigonid dynasty, descended from one of Alexander's generals, established its control over Macedon and most of the Greek city-states by 276 BC. From about 200 BC the Roman Republic became increasingly involved in Greek affairs and engaged in a series of wars with Macedon. Macedon's defeat at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC signalled the end of Antigonid power in Greece. In 146 BC Macedonia was annexed as a province by Rome, and the rest of Greece became a Roman protectorate. Question: Who controlled Macedon after Alexander died? Answer: the Antigonid dynasty Question: The Roman Empire became more controlling of Greece starting in what year? Answer: 200 BC Question: Macedon lost what war in 168 BC? Answer: Battle of Pydna Question: In what year did Greece become a part of Rome? Answer: 146 BC Question: The end of Antigonid rule began in what year? Answer: 168 BC
Context: For years Burke pursued impeachment efforts against Warren Hastings, formerly Governor-General of Bengal, that resulted in the trial during 1786. His interaction with the British dominion of India began well before Hastings' impeachment trial. For two decades prior to the impeachment, Parliament had dealt with the Indian issue. This trial was the pinnacle of years of unrest and deliberation. In 1781 Burke was first able to delve into the issues surrounding the East India Company when he was appointed Chairman of the Commons Select Committee on East Indian Affairs—from that point until the end of the trial; India was Burke's primary concern. This committee was charged "to investigate alleged injustices in Bengal, the war with Hyder Ali, and other Indian difficulties". While Burke and the committee focused their attention on these matters, a second 'secret' committee was formed to assess the same issues. Both committee reports were written by Burke. Among other purposes, the reports conveyed to the Indian princes that Britain would not wage war on them, along with demanding that the HEIC recall Hastings. This was Burke's first call for substantive change regarding imperial practices. When addressing the whole House of Commons regarding the committee report, Burke described the Indian issue as one that "began 'in commerce' but 'ended in empire.'" Question: When was Warren Hastings impeached? Answer: 1786 Question: Where was Hastings formerly the governor? Answer: Bengal Question: How long before Hastings's trial had Britain been dealing with Indian unrest? Answer: two decades Question: What was Burke made chairman of in 1781? Answer: the Commons Select Committee on East Indian Affairs Question: When Burke said the Indian problems 'began in commerce', where did he say the problems ended in? Answer: empire Question: Who attempted to impeach Burke? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Burke taken to trial? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Hastings the governor of during his impeachment? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the war with Hyder Ali begin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Burke want Hastings to recall? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Fox's parent company, was persuaded to buy the show by his daughter Elisabeth, who was a fan of the British show. The show was renamed American Idol: The Search for a Superstar and debuted in the summer of 2002. Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but refused; Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowell's surprise, it became one of the hit shows for the summer that year. The show, with the personal engagement of the viewers with the contestants through voting, and the presence of the acid-tongued Cowell as a judge, grew into a phenomenon. By 2004, it had become the most-watched show in the U.S., a position it then held on for seven consecutive seasons. Question: For how many seasons was American Idol the most watched show in the US? Answer: seven Question: What year did American Idol first air on FOX? Answer: 2002 Question: What year did producers attempt to sell the Pop Idol format in the United States? Answer: 2001 Question: Who talked Rupert Murdoch into buying American Idol for FOX? Answer: his daughter Elisabeth Question: Who is the head of Fox's parent company? Answer: Rupert Murdoch Question: What was Pop Idol renamed to for its American debut? Answer: American Idol: The Search for a Superstar
Context: Although Greg argued that an editor should be free to use his judgment to choose between competing substantive readings, he suggested that an editor should defer to the copy-text when "the claims of two readings ... appear to be exactly balanced. ... In such a case, while there can be no logical reason for giving preference to the copy-text, in practice, if there is no reason for altering its reading, the obvious thing seems to be to let it stand." The "exactly balanced" variants are said to be indifferent. Question: Are there times when an editor's judgement should be deferred? Answer: the claims of two readings ... appear to be exactly balanced Question: What should one do when two readings are contradictory but balanced? Answer: if there is no reason for altering its reading, the obvious thing seems to be to let it stand. Question: What do editors call variants that are exactly balanced? Answer: indifferent Question: Who argued that an editor should not be free to use their own judgement? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do editors call variants that are not balanced? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the term for variants that are somewhat balanced? Answer: Unanswerable Question: An editor should not defer to what when variants are balanced? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Light pollution is a growing problem in reaction to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings. Polluting light is often wasted light involving unnecessary energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Light pollution is described as artificial light that is excessive or intrudes where it is not wanted. Well-designed lighting sends light only where it is needed without scattering it elsewhere. Poorly designed lighting can also compromise safety. For example, glare creates safety issues around buildings by causing very sharp shadows, temporarily blinding passersby making them vulnerable to would-be assailants. Question: What is known as artificial light that is excessive or intrusive? Answer: Light pollution Question: What causes sharp shadows around buildings? Answer: glare
Context: The physical relief of the island is dominated by two mountain ranges, the Troodos Mountains and the smaller Kyrenia Range, and the central plain they encompass, the Mesaoria. The Mesaoria plain is drained by the Pedieos River, the longest on the island. The Troodos Mountains cover most of the southern and western portions of the island and account for roughly half its area. The highest point on Cyprus is Mount Olympus at 1,952 m (6,404 ft), located in the centre of the Troodos range. The narrow Kyrenia Range, extending along the northern coastline, occupies substantially less area, and elevations are lower, reaching a maximum of 1,024 m (3,360 ft). The island lies within the Anatolian Plate. Question: What two mountains ranges are located on the island of Cyprus? Answer: Troodos Mountains and the smaller Kyrenia Range Question: What plain is located in between the Troodos Mountains and the Kyrenia Range? Answer: the Mesaoria Question: Which river drains the Mesaoria plain? Answer: Pedieos River Question: What is the highest point on the island of Cyprus? Answer: Mount Olympus Question: How tall is Mount Olympus? Answer: 1,952 m (6,404 ft)
Context: Cardinal bishops (cardinals of the episcopal order) are among the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church. Though in modern times most cardinals are also bishops, the term "cardinal bishop" only refers to the cardinals who are titular bishops of one of the "suburbicarian" sees. Question: Who are among the most senior members of the Catholic Church? Answer: Cardinal bishops Question: What is a cardinal bishop? Answer: cardinals of the episcopal order Question: Some cardinals are bishop in name only, what are they called? Answer: Cardinal bishops Question: Who is among the most junior prelates of the Catholic Church? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a cardinal of the Benedictine order? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are most cardinals not known as in modern times? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the term "cardinal bishop" not refer to? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The 1960 Constitution provided for a presidential system of government with independent executive, legislative and judicial branches as well as a complex system of checks and balances including a weighted power-sharing ratio designed to protect the interests of the Turkish Cypriots. The executive was led by a Greek Cypriot president and a Turkish Cypriot vice-president elected by their respective communities for five-year terms and each possessing a right of veto over certain types of legislation and executive decisions. Legislative power rested on the House of Representatives who were also elected on the basis of separate voters' rolls. Question: What types of branches did the 1960 Constitution provide? Answer: legislative and judicial branches Question: What type of person was the vice-president? Answer: Turkish Cypriot Question: Where did Legislative power rest? Answer: the House of Representatives
Context: The Times faced financial extinction in 1890 under Arthur Fraser Walter, but it was rescued by an energetic editor, Charles Frederic Moberly Bell. During his tenure (1890–1911), The Times became associated with selling the Encyclopædia Britannica using aggressive American marketing methods introduced by Horace Everett Hooper and his advertising executive, Henry Haxton. Due to legal fights between the Britannica's two owners, Hooper and Walter Montgomery Jackson, The Times severed its connection in 1908 and was bought by pioneering newspaper magnate, Alfred Harmsworth, later Lord Northcliffe. Question: Which editor nearly ruined The Times in 1890? Answer: Arthur Fraser Walter Question: Which energetic editor rescued The Times from financial collapse in 1890? Answer: Charles Frederic Moberly Bell Question: Which encyclopedia was The Times aggressively selling to American markets? Answer: Britannica Question: Who was the creator of the encyclopedia that The Times was known for selling to America? Answer: Horace Everett Hooper Question: Who later bought the well-known encyclopedia from The Times in 1908? Answer: Alfred Harmsworth
Context: Kinnock then resigned as leader and was replaced by John Smith. Smith's leadership once again saw the re-emergence of tension between those on the party's left and those identified as "modernisers", both of whom advocated radical revisions of the party's stance albeit in different ways. At the 1993 conference, Smith successfully changed the party rules and lessened the influence of the trade unions on the selection of candidates to stand for Parliament by introducing a one member, one vote system called "OMOV" — but only barely, after a barnstorming speech by John Prescott which required Smith to compromise on other individual negotiations. Question: Who replaced Kinnock? Answer: John Smith Question: When did Smith change the party's rules? Answer: 1993 Question: What does OMOV stand for? Answer: one member, one vote Question: Who replaced John Smith as leader? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Whose leadership eased tensions within the party? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Smith fail to change the party rules? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did John Prescott successfully change? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What increased the influence of trade unions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Western Europe's largest Jewish community, and the third-largest Jewish community in the world, can be found in France, home to between 483,000 and 500,000 Jews, the majority of whom are immigrants or refugees from North African Arab countries such as Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia (or their descendants). The United Kingdom has a Jewish community of 292,000. In Eastern Europe, there are anywhere from 350,000 to one million Jews living in the former Soviet Union, but exact figures are difficult to establish. In Germany, the 102,000 Jews registered with the Jewish community are a slowly declining population, despite the immigration of tens of thousands of Jews from the former Soviet Union since the fall of the Berlin Wall. Thousands of Israelis also live in Germany, either permanently or temporarily, for economic reasons. Question: Where is Western Europe's largest Jewish community? Answer: France Question: How many Jews live in France? Answer: between 483,000 and 500,000 Question: What is the population of Jews in the United Kingdom? Answer: 292,000 Question: What is Western Europe's smallest Jewish community? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where are the majority of immigrants in the United Kingdom's Jewish community from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Israelis live outside of Germany? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Jews immigrated to Germany before the fall of the Berlin Wall? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a slowly increasing Jewish community? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: There is a direct relationship between declines in wealth and declines in consumption and business investment, which along with government spending, represent the economic engine. Between June 2007 and November 2008, Americans lost an estimated average of more than a quarter of their collective net worth.[citation needed] By early November 2008, a broad U.S. stock index the S&P 500, was down 45% from its 2007 high. Housing prices had dropped 20% from their 2006 peak, with futures markets signaling a 30–35% potential drop. Total home equity in the United States, which was valued at $13 trillion at its peak in 2006, had dropped to $8.8 trillion by mid-2008 and was still falling in late 2008. Total retirement assets, Americans' second-largest household asset, dropped by 22%, from $10.3 trillion in 2006 to $8 trillion in mid-2008. During the same period, savings and investment assets (apart from retirement savings) lost $1.2 trillion and pension assets lost $1.3 trillion. Taken together, these losses total a staggering $8.3 trillion. Since peaking in the second quarter of 2007, household wealth is down $14 trillion. Question: How much net worth did Americans lose between June 2007 and November 2008? Answer: more than a quarter Question: In November 2008, how much was the U.S. stock index down from its 2007 high? Answer: 45% Question: In November 2008, how much had housing prices drop from their 2006 peak? Answer: 20% Question: How much was home equity valued in the United States at its peak in 2006? Answer: $13 trillion Question: How much was home equity valued in the United States in mid-2008? Answer: $8.8 trillion
Context: The mid-19th century burial ground at Ford Park Cemetery was reopened in 2007 by a successful trust and the City council operate two large early 20th century cemeteries at Weston Mill and Efford both with crematoria and chapels. There is also a privately owned cemetery on the outskirts of the city, Drake Memorial Park which does not allow headstones to mark graves, but a brass plaque set into the ground. Question: When did Ford Park Cemetery reopen? Answer: 2007 Question: Along with Efford, where else does the Plymouth City Council operate a cemetery? Answer: Weston Mill Question: What is the name of the private cemetery in Plymouth? Answer: Drake Memorial Park Question: In lieu of headstones, what grave markers are used at Drake Memorial Park? Answer: a brass plaque Question: When did Ford Park Cemetery first operate? Answer: mid-19th century
Context: Despite these criticisms, Comcast has appeared on multiple "top places to work" lists. In 2009, it was included on CableFAX magazine's "Top 10 Places to Work in Cable", which cited its "scale, savvy and vision". Similarly, the Philadelphia Business Journal awarded Comcast the silver medal among extra-large companies in Philadelphia, with the gold medal going to partner organization, Comcast-Spectacor. The Boston Globe found Comcast to be that city's top place to work in 2009. Employee diversity is also an attribute upon which Comcast receives strong marks. In 2008, Black Enterprise magazine rated Comcast among the top 15 companies for workforce diversity. Comcast was also named a "Top 2014 Workplace" by the Washington Post in their annual feature. Question: What magazine listed Comcast as one of its top places to work? Answer: CableFAX Question: What is Comcast's affiliated entity in Philadelphia? Answer: Comcast-Spectacor Question: What newspaper named Comcast it's top place to work? Answer: The Boston Globe Question: In what year did this newspaper confer this honor on Comcast? Answer: 2009 Question: On what aspect did Black Enterprise Magazine name Comcast a top 15 employer? Answer: workforce diversity Question: What magazine was determined as one of the best places to work in 2009? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What company lacks employee diversity? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What newspaper was deemed the best place to work? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is CableFAX known for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The Washington Post mentioned the Comcast organization in which city? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: This constitution was created when the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution in 1951. The acceptance of that constitution by Puerto Rico's electorate, the U.S. Congress, and the U.S. president occurred in 1952. In addition, the rights, privileges and immunities attendant to United States citizens are "respected in Puerto Rico to the same extent as though Puerto Rico were a state of the union" through the express extension of the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the U.S. Constitution by the U.S. Congress in 1948. Question: How was the Puerto Rican constitution brought about? Answer: the U.S. Congress directed local government to organize a constitutional convention to write the Puerto Rico Constitution Question: When was the Puerto Rican constitution written? Answer: 1951 Question: When was the constitution accepted by the electorate, U.S. Congress, and U.S. President? Answer: 1952 Question: What clause gives Puerto Rican citizens the same rights as US citizens? Answer: Privileges and Immunities Clause Question: How was the Puerto Rican Congress brought about? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the Puerto Rican Congress established? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the constitution accepted by the electorate, Puerto Rico Congress, and U.S. President? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What clause gives Congress the same rights as Puerto Rican citizens? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When were the express citizens created? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In ancient India, literature originated from stories that were originally orally transmitted. Early genres included drama, fables, sutras and epic poetry. Sanskrit literature begins with the Vedas, dating back to 1500–1000 BCE, and continues with the Sanskrit Epics of Iron Age India. The Vedas are among the oldest sacred texts. The Samhitas (vedic collections) date to roughly 1500–1000 BCE, and the "circum-Vedic" texts, as well as the redaction of the Samhitas, date to c. 1000-500 BCE, resulting in a Vedic period, spanning the mid 2nd to mid 1st millennium BCE, or the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age. The period between approximately the 6th to 1st centuries BC saw the composition and redaction of the two most influential Indian epics, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, with subsequent redaction progressing down to the 4th century AD. Question: What were some different genres that emerged from ancient India's oral literary traditions? Answer: drama, fables, sutras and epic poetry Question: An important language for ancient Indian literature is what? Answer: Sanskrit Question: What ancient religious scriptures were among the first examples of Indian literature? Answer: The Vedas Question: The Vedic Period refers to what expanse of time? Answer: the mid 2nd to mid 1st millennium BCE Question: The Vedic Period began in the Late Bronze Age and extended until when? Answer: the Iron Age Question: Sanskrit literature begins with what that dates back to 1300-1100 BCE? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The early genres of Ancient India included drama, tragedy, fables, and what other two genres? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What literature follows the Vedas in Iron Range India? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The Vedic period spans the mid 3rd to mid 1st millennium BCE, also known as what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The time between the 6th and 5th centuries BC saw the composition and redaction of what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did literature originate in ancient China? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does Sanskrit literature end with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What dates to 1530-1030 BCE? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When does the redirection of the Samhitas date to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What dates back to the years 1005-100 BCE? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What dates to c. 1000-1500 BCE? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What period spans the late 2nd to mid 1st millennium BCE? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the period between the 2nd and 1st centuries BC see? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats and on all seven continents, reaching their southern extreme in the snow petrel's breeding colonies up to 440 kilometres (270 mi) inland in Antarctica. The highest bird diversity occurs in tropical regions. It was earlier thought that this high diversity was the result of higher speciation rates in the tropics, however recent studies found higher speciation rates in the high latitudes that were offset by greater extinction rates than in the tropics. Several families of birds have adapted to life both on the world's oceans and in them, with some seabird species coming ashore only to breed and some penguins have been recorded diving up to 300 metres (980 ft). Question: Birds live on how many continents? Answer: seven Question: Highest bird diversity occurs in which regions? Answer: tropical Question: Some penguins have been recording diving up to how many feet? Answer: 980 Question: Some seabird species only come ashore for what purpose? Answer: to breed
Context: Predominantly Christian, the population of St. John's was once divided along sectarian (Catholic/Protestant) lines. In recent years, this sectarianism has declined significantly, and is no longer a commonly acknowledged facet of life in St. John's. St. John's is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archbishop of St. John's, and the Anglican Bishop of Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador. All major Christian sects showed a decline from 2001–2011 with a large increase in those with no religion from 3.9% to 11.1%. Question: What is the largest religion in St. John's? Answer: Christian Question: What has declined in the recent years on St. John's? Answer: sectarianism Question: What sects declined from 2001-2011? Answer: Christian Question: What two religions divide the city? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did Christian sects increase? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Many larger animals, such as wolf, bear and the European elk are today extinct. However, some species such as red deer are protected. Other small mammals, such as rabbits, foxes, badgers, hares, hedgehogs, and stoats, are very common and the European beaver has been reintroduced in parts of Scotland. Wild boar have also been reintroduced to parts of southern England, following escapes from boar farms and illegal releases. Many rivers contain otters and seals are common on coasts. Over 200 species of bird reside permanently and another 200 migrate. Common types are the common chaffinch, common blackbird, house sparrow and common starling; all small birds. Large birds are declining in number, except for those kept for game such as pheasant, partridge, and red grouse. Fish are abundant in the rivers and lakes, in particular salmon, trout, perch and pike. Sea fish include dogfish, cod, sole, pollock and bass, as well as mussels, crab and oysters along the coast. There are more than 21,000 species of insects. Question: Which two animals became extinct in the British Isles? Answer: wolf, bear Question: Which species of deer is protected in the British Isles? Answer: red deer Question: How many bird species does the British Isles have? Answer: Over 200 species of bird Question: What are three of the most common birds in the British Isles? Answer: chaffinch, common blackbird, house sparrow Question: What kinds of fish are abundent in the British Isles? Answer: salmon, trout, perch and pike Question: Small animals like wolves or bears are what today? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What status does the brown deer have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The Asian beaver was reintroduced into parts of which country? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The northern part of this country has been reintroduced to the wild boar? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where are seals and otters uncommon? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Cardinal Augustin Bea, the head of the Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity, added at the end of the visit, "Let us move forward in Christ. God wants it. Humanity is waiting for it." Unmoved by a harsh condemnation by the Congregation of Faith on mixed marriages precisely at this time of the visit, Paul VI and Ramsey appointed a preparatory commission which was to put the common agenda into practice on such issues as mixed marriages. This resulted in a joint Malta declaration, the first joint agreement on the Creed since the Reformation. Paul VI was a good friend of the Anglican Church, which he described as "our beloved sister Church". This description was unique to Paul and not used by later popes. Question: What did the Cardinal Augustin Bea's Secretariat promote? Answer: Christian Unity Question: What group condemned mixed faith marriages? Answer: Congregation of Faith Question: To what type of non Catholic denomination was Paul VI considered to be a great ally of? Answer: Anglican Question: Which church did Paul VI call "our beloved sister church"? Answer: Anglican Church Question: Who described the Anglican church as "our beloved sister Church"? Answer: Paul VI
Context: Standing at 117 metres (384 feet) in height and 360 metres (1,180 feet) in width, the Potala Palace is the most important example of Tibetan architecture. Formerly the residence of the Dalai Lama, it contains over one thousand rooms within thirteen stories, and houses portraits of the past Dalai Lamas and statues of the Buddha. It is divided between the outer White Palace, which serves as the administrative quarters, and the inner Red Quarters, which houses the assembly hall of the Lamas, chapels, 10,000 shrines, and a vast library of Buddhist scriptures. The Potala Palace is a World Heritage Site, as is Norbulingka, the former summer residence of the Dalai Lama. Question: Who used to reside in the Potala Palace? Answer: the Dalai Lama Question: How many stories does the Potala Palace contain? Answer: thirteen Question: How many shrines exist in the Potala Palace? Answer: 10,000 Question: What is Norbulingka? Answer: former summer residence of the Dalai Lama Question: What is 117 metres tall and 1180 metres wide? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is 117 feet in height? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where does the Dalai Lama live? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where does the Dalai Lama live in the summer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where are there 10,000 chapels? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The FDNY headquarters is located at 9 MetroTech Center in Downtown Brooklyn, and the FDNY Fire Academy is located on Randalls Island. There are three Bureau of Fire Communications alarm offices which receive and dispatch alarms to appropriate units. One office, at 11 Metrotech Center in Brooklyn, houses Manhattan/Citywide, Brooklyn, and Staten Island Fire Communications. The Bronx and Queens offices are in separate buildings. Question: What is the address for The New York City Fire Department headquarters? Answer: 9 MetroTech Center Question: Which island is home to the Fire academy in NYC? Answer: Randalls Island Question: Which borough of NYC is home to the The New York City Fire Department headquarters? Answer: Brooklyn Question: What is the street address of the New York Fire Department headquarters? Answer: 9 MetroTech Center Question: In what borough is the FDNY headquartered? Answer: Brooklyn Question: Where is the fire department's training academy located? Answer: Randalls Island Question: What is the street address of the Bureau of Fire Communications alarm office in Brooklyn? Answer: 11 Metrotech Center
Context: In the extreme empiricism of the neopositivists—at least before the 1930s—any genuinely synthetic assertion must be reducible to an ultimate assertion (or set of ultimate assertions) that expresses direct observations or perceptions. In later years, Carnap and Neurath abandoned this sort of phenomenalism in favor of a rational reconstruction of knowledge into the language of an objective spatio-temporal physics. That is, instead of translating sentences about physical objects into sense-data, such sentences were to be translated into so-called protocol sentences, for example, "X at location Y and at time T observes such and such." The central theses of logical positivism (verificationism, the analytic-synthetic distinction, reductionism, etc.) came under sharp attack after World War II by thinkers such as Nelson Goodman, W.V. Quine, Hilary Putnam, Karl Popper, and Richard Rorty. By the late 1960s, it had become evident to most philosophers that the movement had pretty much run its course, though its influence is still significant among contemporary analytic philosophers such as Michael Dummett and other anti-realists. Question: Who were extreme empiricists? Answer: neopositivists Question: Who attacked logical positivism? Answer: Nelson Goodman, W.V. Quine, Hilary Putnam, Karl Popper, and Richard Rorty Question: What position does Dummett take? Answer: anti-realists Question: Who abandoned phenomenalism? Answer: Carnap and Neurath Question: When did Carnap and Neurath leave phenomenalism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Michael Dummett begin championing neopositivism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was logical positivism at its most popular? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What war led to the abandonment of phenomenalism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What position did Hilary Putnam favour? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Liberal Party's organisation is dominated by the six state divisions, reflecting the party's original commitment to a federalised system of government (a commitment which was strongly maintained by all Liberal governments until 1983, but was to a large extent abandoned by the Howard Government, which showed strong centralising tendencies). Menzies deliberately created a weak national party machine and strong state divisions. Party policy is made almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members, although Liberal party members do have a degree of influence over party policy. Question: How many state divisions exist in the Liberal Party's organisation? Answer: six Question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions to a weaker national party? Answer: Menzies Question: Who makes party policy? Answer: almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members Question: How many state divisions exist in the Howard Governments organization? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions and a stronger national party? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who makes party divisions? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was a parliamentary government maintained by all Liberal governments until? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is dominated by party policy divisions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Washington University's sports teams are called the Bears. They are members of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and participate in the University Athletic Association at the Division III level. The Bears have won 19 NCAA Division III Championships— one in women's cross country (2011), one in men's tennis (2008), two in men's basketball (2008, 2009), five in women's basketball (1998–2001, 2010), and ten in women's volleyball (1989, 1991–1996, 2003, 2007, 2009) – and 144 UAA titles in 15 different sports. The Athletic Department is headed by John Schael who has served as director of athletics since 1978. The 2000 Division III Central Region winner of the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics/Continental Airlines Athletics Director of the Year award, Schael has helped orchestrate the Bears athletics transformation into one of the top departments in Division III. Question: What is the name of the Washington University sports teams? Answer: the Bears Question: At what division level does the Washington University sports teams compete? Answer: Division III Question: How many NCAA division championships have the Washington University sports teams won? Answer: 19 Question: In what years did the Washington University men's basketball teams win division championships? Answer: 2008, 2009 Question: Who is the head of the Washington University Athletic Department? Answer: John Schael Question: When did Washington University become part of the University Athletic Association? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many women's tennis NCAA Division III championships have they won? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many men's cross country NCAA Division III championships have they won? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What sport did John Schael play when he was in college? Answer: Unanswerable Question: how many men's volleyball NCAA Division III championships have they won? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In Renaissance Europe, from about 1400 onwards, there was a revival of Classical learning accompanied by the development of Renaissance Humanism which placed greater emphasis on the role of the individual in society than had been the case during the Medieval period. Buildings were ascribed to specific architects – Brunelleschi, Alberti, Michelangelo, Palladio – and the cult of the individual had begun. There was still no dividing line between artist, architect and engineer, or any of the related vocations, and the appellation was often one of regional preference. Question: When was Renaissance Humanism developed? Answer: 1400 Question: When did the Classical learning revival begin? Answer: 1400 onwards Question: What continent did this revival take place on? Answer: Europe Question: What was the name for the time period? Answer: Renaissance Question: What did Renaissance Humanism emphasize? Answer: role of the individual Question: What three vocations were not really considered separate from each other at that time? Answer: artist, architect and engineer Question: What was developed before 1400? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Classical learning revival ed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What state did this revival take place in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name for the time period before this? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What didn't Renaissance Humanism emphasize? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: An illustrative example of official involvement in organized crime can be found from 1920s and 1930s Shanghai, where Huang Jinrong was a police chief in the French concession, while simultaneously being a gang boss and co-operating with Du Yuesheng, the local gang ringleader. The relationship kept the flow of profits from the gang's gambling dens, prostitution, and protection rackets undisturbed.[citation needed] Question: When was Jinrong a police chief in this area? Answer: 1920s and 1930s Question: Who was a local gang ringleader in the same area? Answer: Du Yuesheng Question: In addition to being a police chief, Jinrong was also what? Answer: a gang boss
Context: Imported mystery religions, which offered initiates salvation in the afterlife, were a matter of personal choice for an individual, practiced in addition to carrying on one's family rites and participating in public religion. The mysteries, however, involved exclusive oaths and secrecy, conditions that conservative Romans viewed with suspicion as characteristic of "magic", conspiratorial (coniuratio), or subversive activity. Sporadic and sometimes brutal attempts were made to suppress religionists who seemed to threaten traditional morality and unity, as with the senate's efforts to restrict the Bacchanals in 186 BC. Question: What was the practice of religion to the Romans? Answer: personal choice Question: What was the standard practice in Roman religious life? Answer: public religion Question: What part of Roman religious practice involved secrecy? Answer: mysteries Question: What group viewed the mysteries as suspicious or subversive? Answer: conservative Romans Question: What did the mysteries seem to threaten that made the Romans occasionally attempt to ban them? Answer: morality and unity
Context: In August 2008, West revealed plans to open 10 Fatburger restaurants in the Chicago area; the first was set to open in September 2008 in Orland Park. The second followed in January 2009, while a third location is yet to be revealed, although the process is being finalized. His company, KW Foods LLC, bought the rights to the chain in Chicago. Ultimately, in 2009, only two locations actually opened. In February 2011, West shut down the Fatburger located in Orland Park. Later that year, the remaining Beverly location also was shuttered. Question: What restaurant chain did Kanye aspire to open in his native Chicago? Answer: Fatburger Question: How many restaurants did Kanye open? Answer: 2 Question: What happened to the Fatburger chains that Kanye established? Answer: shut down Question: What was the name of the restaurant Kanye annouced he was opening? Answer: Fatburger Question: How many of Kanye's Fatburger restaurants were actually opened? Answer: 2 Question: When was Kanye's last Fatburger restaurant closed? Answer: 2011 Question: What is the name of Kanye West's food company? Answer: KW Foods LLC
Context: Comprehensive schools have been accused of grade inflation after a study revealed that Gymnasium senior students of average mathematical ability found themselves at the very bottom of their class and had an average grade of "Five", which means "Failed". Gesamtschule senior students of average mathematical ability found themselves in the upper half of their class and had an average grade of "Three Plus". When a central Abitur examination was established in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, it was revealed that Gesamtschule students did worse than could be predicted by their grades or class rank. Barbara Sommer (Christian Democratic Union), Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia, commented that: Looking at the performance gap between comprehensives and the Gymnasium [at the Abitur central examination] [...] it is difficult to understand why the Social Democratic Party of Germany wants to do away with the Gymnasium. [...] The comprehensives do not help students achieve [...] I am sick and tired of the comprehensive schools blaming their problems on the social class origins of their students. What kind of attitude is this to blame their own students? She also called the Abitur awarded by the Gymnasium the true Abitur and the Abitur awarded by the Gesamtschule "Abitur light". As a reaction, Sigrid Beer (Alliance '90/The Greens) stated that comprehensives were structurally discriminated against by the government, which favoured the Gymnasiums. She also said that many of the students awarded the Abitur by the comprehensives came from "underprivileged groups" and sneering at their performance was a "piece of impudence". Question: What type of misconduct have comprehensive schools been alleged of engaging in? Answer: grade inflation Question: Which German minister criticized comprehensive schools' ability to help students succeed? Answer: Barbara Sommer Question: Which German politician defended comprehensive schools? Answer: Sigrid Beer Question: Which party does Barbara Sommer belong to? Answer: Christian Democratic Union Question: Which party does Sigrid Beer belong to? Answer: Alliance '90/The Greens Question: What type of misconduct have uncomprehensive schools been alleged of engaging in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which German mWhich German minister criticized uncomprehensive schools' ability to help students succeed?inister criticized comprehensive schools' ability to help students succeed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which German politician defended uncomprehensive schools? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which party doesn't Barbara Sommer belong to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which party doesn't Sigrid Beer belong to? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Among the paleo-orthodox and emerging church movements in Protestant and evangelical churches, in which some Presbyterians are involved, clergy are moving away from the traditional black Geneva gown to such vestments as the alb and chasuble, but also cassock and surplice (typically a full length Old English style surplice which resembles the Celtic alb, an ungirdled liturgical tunic of the old Gallican Rite), which some, particularly those identifying with the Liturgical Renewal Movement, hold to be more ancient and representative of a more ecumenical past. Question: Among the emerging Protestant and Evangelical churches what are clergy moving away from? Answer: black Geneva gown Question: A Cassock and Surplice typically consisted of? Answer: full length Old English style surplice Question: Which movement was representative of the ecumenical past? Answer: Liturgical Renewal Movement Question: Clergy are moving away from the alb and toward what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Clergy are trending towards the black Geneva gown and away from what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is typically full lengthy and Old Geneva in style? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were some Celtics involved in? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Confederate troops from all parts of North Carolina served in virtually all the major battles of the Army of Northern Virginia, the Confederacy's most famous army. The largest battle fought in North Carolina was at Bentonville, which was a futile attempt by Confederate General Joseph Johnston to slow Union General William Tecumseh Sherman's advance through the Carolinas in the spring of 1865. In April 1865, after losing the Battle of Morrisville, Johnston surrendered to Sherman at Bennett Place, in what is today Durham. North Carolina's port city of Wilmington was the last Confederate port to fall to the Union, in February 1865, after the Union won the nearby Second Battle of Fort Fisher, its major defense downriver. Question: What was the name of the Confederacys most famous army? Answer: Army of Northern Virginia Question: How many battles of the army of Northern Virginia did confederate troops from north Carolina fight in? Answer: virtually all Question: What was the name of the largest battle fought in North Carolina? Answer: Bentonville Question: What was the name of the confederate general that fought in Bentonville? Answer: General Joseph Johnston Question: What was the name of the Union General that fought in Bentonville? Answer: General William Tecumseh Sherman
Context: The state has two primary newspapers. The Oklahoman, based in Oklahoma City, is the largest newspaper in the state and 54th-largest in the nation by circulation, with a weekday readership of 138,493 and a Sunday readership of 202,690. The Tulsa World, the second most widely circulated newspaper in Oklahoma and 79th in the nation, holds a Sunday circulation of 132,969 and a weekday readership of 93,558. Oklahoma's first newspaper was established in 1844, called the Cherokee Advocate, and was written in both Cherokee and English. In 2006, there were more than 220 newspapers located in the state, including 177 with weekly publications and 48 with daily publications. Question: How many major newspapers does Oklahoma have? Answer: two Question: What is the largest Oklahoma newspaper? Answer: The Oklahoman Question: How many people read the Sunday issue of The Oklahoman? Answer: 202,690 Question: What is the 2nd-largest Oklahoma newspaper? Answer: The Tulsa World Question: How many people read the Sunday issue of The Tulsa World? Answer: 132,969
Context: Royal assent is not sufficient to give legal effect to an Act of Tynwald. By ancient custom, an act did not come into force until it had been promulgated at an open-air sitting of Tynwald, usually held on Tynwald Hill at St John's on St John's Day (24 June), but, since the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in 1753, on 5 July (or on the following Monday if 5 July is a Saturday or Sunday). Promulgation originally consisted of the reading of the Act in English and Manx; but, after 1865 the reading of the title of the act and a summary of each section were sufficient. This was reduced in 1895 to the titles and a memorandum of the object and purport of the act, and, since 1988, only the short title and a summary of the long title have been read. Question: Under ancient custom, an Act of Tynwald didn't go into effect until decreed at which location? Answer: Tynwald Hill at St John's Question: Promulgation of an Act of Tynwald originally consisted of reading it in English and which other language? Answer: Manx Question: Nowadays, only the short title and what else are read? Answer: summary of the long title Question: How much of the proposed act must be currently read aloud on St John's Day? Answer: only the short title and a summary of the long title Question: On what day does St John's Day occur? Answer: (24 June) Question: Where is the open-air sitting of Tynwald usually held? Answer: Tynwald Hill at St John's Question: Royal assent gives legal effect to an Act of what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was reduced in 1995? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Since what year has only the short title been read? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The adoption of the Greek calendar was made in what year? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: During adolescence, the human body undergoes various physical, physiological and immunological changes triggered and mediated by hormones, of which the most significant in females is 17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen) and, in males, is testosterone. Oestradiol usually begins to act around the age of 10 and testosterone some months later. There is evidence that these steroids act directly not only on the primary and secondary sexual characteristics but also have an effect on the development and regulation of the immune system, including an increased risk in developing pubescent and post-pubescent autoimmunity. There is also some evidence that cell surface receptors on B cells and macrophages may detect sex hormones in the system. Question: What is the primary trigger for immunological changes in teens? Answer: hormones Question: What specific hormone catalyzes these changes in females? Answer: 17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen) Question: Which specific hormone precipitates the change in immunology in males? Answer: testosterone Question: Adolescent immunological changes can also result in what? Answer: increased risk in developing pubescent and post-pubescent autoimmunity Question: Evidence suggests that receptors on B cells may do what? Answer: detect sex hormones in the system
Context: The son of an impoverished Bedouin goat herder, Gaddafi became involved in politics while at school in Sabha, subsequently enrolling in the Royal Military Academy, Benghazi. Founding a revolutionary cell within the military, in 1969 they seized power from the absolute monarchy of King Idris in a bloodless coup. Becoming Chairman of the governing Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), Gaddafi abolished the monarchy and proclaimed the Republic. Ruling by decree, he implemented measures to remove what he viewed as foreign imperialist influence from Libya, and strengthened ties to Arab nationalist governments. Intent on pushing Libya towards "Islamic socialism", he introduced sharia as the basis for the legal system and nationalized the oil industry, using the increased revenues to bolster the military, implement social programs and fund revolutionary militants across the world. In 1973 he initiated a "Popular Revolution" with the formation of General People's Committees (GPCs), purported to be a system of direct democracy, but retained personal control over major decisions. He outlined his Third International Theory that year, publishing these ideas in The Green Book. Question: What book did Gaddafi publish that detailed his Third Internal Theory? Answer: The Green Book Question: What was Gaddafi's first position in government? Answer: Chairman of the governing Revolutionary Command Council Question: As Chairman of the RCC, list the first two things that Gaddafi accomplished. Answer: abolished the monarchy and proclaimed the Republic Question: How did Gaddafi change the legal system? Answer: he introduced sharia as the basis for the legal system Question: How did Gaddafi use all the money that resulted from nationalizing the oil industry? Answer: to bolster the military, implement social programs and fund revolutionary militants across the world. Question: Describe the Popular Revolution. Answer: formation of General People's Committees (GPCs), purported to be a system of direct democracy, but retained personal control over major decisions Question: When Gaddafi established his power in the government, what were his first actions? Answer: abolished the monarchy and proclaimed the Republic Question: What political ideology did Gaddafi want to push his country to? Answer: Islamic socialism Question: What was the profession of Gaddafi's father? Answer: goat herder Question: What was Gaddafi's ethnicity? Answer: Bedouin Question: In what city was the Royal Military Academy located? Answer: Benghazi Question: From what monarch did Gaddafi's movement take over Libya? Answer: Idris Question: What was the name of the governing body headed by Gaddafi after the revolution? Answer: Revolutionary Command Council
Context: Since independence Namibia has successfully completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy. Multiparty democracy was introduced and has been maintained, with local, regional and national elections held regularly. Several registered political parties are active and represented in the National Assembly, although the Swapo Party has won every election since independence. The transition from the 15-year rule of President Sam Nujoma to his successor Hifikepunye Pohamba in 2005 went smoothly. Question: What did Namibia transition to after white minority apartheid rule? Answer: parliamentary democracy Question: What type of independence was introduced in Namibia after independence? Answer: Multiparty democracy Question: What party has won every election in Namibia? Answer: Swapo Party Question: How long did president Same Nujoma rule? Answer: 15-year Question: Who succeeded Sam Nujoma? Answer: Hifikepunye Pohamba Question: In what year was multiparty democracy introduced to Namibia? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What political party was President Sam Nujoma a member of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What political party is Hifikepunye Pohamba a member of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did Namibia successfully transition to parliamentary democracy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the presidential term limit in Namibia? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1980, Rhodesia, Britain's last African colony, became the independent nation of Zimbabwe. The New Hebrides achieved independence (as Vanuatu) in 1980, with Belize following suit in 1981. The passage of the British Nationality Act 1981, which reclassified the remaining Crown colonies as "British Dependent Territories" (renamed British Overseas Territories in 2002) meant that, aside from a scattering of islands and outposts the process of decolonisation that had begun after the Second World War was largely complete. In 1982, Britain's resolve in defending its remaining overseas territories was tested when Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, acting on a long-standing claim that dated back to the Spanish Empire. Britain's ultimately successful military response to retake the islands during the ensuing Falklands War was viewed by many to have contributed to reversing the downward trend in Britain's status as a world power. The same year, the Canadian government severed its last legal link with Britain by patriating the Canadian constitution from Britain. The 1982 Canada Act passed by the British parliament ended the need for British involvement in changes to the Canadian constitution. Similarly, the Constitution Act 1986 reformed the constitution of New Zealand to sever its constitutional link with Britain, and the Australia Act 1986 severed the constitutional link between Britain and the Australian states. In 1984, Brunei, Britain's last remaining Asian protectorate, gained its independence. Question: When was Canada given full control of its constitution? Answer: 1982 Question: When did Rhodesia become Zimbabwe? Answer: 1980 Question: What were the remaining British territories called in 1981? Answer: British Dependent Territories Question: What were the remaining British territories called in 2002? Answer: British Overseas Territories Question: Which 1980s war victory helped Britain seem more like a world power again? Answer: Falklands War
Context: Static analysis techniques for software verification can be applied also in the scenario of query languages. In particular, the *Abstract interpretation framework has been extended to the field of query languages for relational databases as a way to support sound approximation techniques. The semantics of query languages can be tuned according to suitable abstractions of the concrete domain of data. The abstraction of relational database system has many interesting applications, in particular, for security purposes, such as fine grained access control, watermarking, etc. Question: How can static analysis be useful with query languages? Answer: software verification Question: What do query languages support in abstract interpretation frameworks? Answer: sound approximation techniques Question: What is a security measure that uses a relational database system? Answer: watermarking Question: Can query languages be adjusted? Answer: according to suitable abstractions of the concrete domain of data Question: Why is static analysis impossible with query languages? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do query languages oppose in abstract interpretation frameworks? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a security measure that no longer uses a relational database system? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has very few interesting applications? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What techniques are now forbidden for software verification? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Vikings established Danelaw over much of the eastern and northern part of England with its boundary roughly stretching from London to Chester. It was an area of political and geographical control imposed by the Viking incursions which was formally agreed to by the Danish warlord, Guthrum and west-Saxon king, Alfred the Great in 886 AD. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle recorded that London was "refounded" by Alfred the Great in 886. Archaeological research shows that this involved abandonment of Lundenwic and a revival of life and trade within the old Roman walls. London then grew slowly until about 950, after which activity increased dramatically. Question: According to the Anglo-Saxon chronicle, who reestablished London in 886 AD? Answer: Alfred the Great Question: Danelaw, established by the Vikings, covered what geographical area? Answer: London to Chester Question: What was the name of the Danish warlord who played a major role in establishing Danelaw? Answer: Guthrum Question: Following the Viking invasion, when did London begin to significantly grow and expand? Answer: about 950 Question: What was Danelaw? Answer: political and geographical control imposed by the Viking incursions
Context: The flowering plants (angiosperms), also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with about 350,000 species. Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants; they are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. Etymologically, angiosperm means a plant that produces seeds within an enclosure, in other words, a fruiting plant. The term "angiosperm" comes from the Greek composite word (angeion-, "case" or "casing", and sperma, "seed") meaning "enclosed seeds", after the enclosed condition of the seeds. Question: What are the most diverse group of land plants? Answer: angiosperms Question: How many species of flowering plants are there about? Answer: 350,000 Question: What do angiosperms have in common with gymnosperms? Answer: seed-producing plants Question: What does an angiosperm produce its seeds within? Answer: an enclosure Question: What is the Greek word for "case" or "casing"? Answer: angeion Question: Where does the term gymnosperm originate? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are gymnosperms known as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do angeion have in common with angiosperms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How is production of fruits distinguished from a fruiting plant? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does gymnosperm mean etymologically? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Glass was used extensively during the Middle Ages. Anglo-Saxon glass has been found across England during archaeological excavations of both settlement and cemetery sites. Glass in the Anglo-Saxon period was used in the manufacture of a range of objects including vessels, beads, windows and was also used in jewelry. From the 10th-century onwards, glass was employed in stained glass windows of churches and cathedrals, with famous examples at Chartres Cathedral and the Basilica of Saint Denis. By the 14th-century, architects were designing buildings with walls of stained glass such as Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, (1203–1248) and the East end of Gloucester Cathedral. Stained glass had a major revival with Gothic Revival architecture in the 19th-century. With the Renaissance, and a change in architectural style, the use of large stained glass windows became less prevalent. The use of domestic stained glass increased until most substantial houses had glass windows. These were initially small panes leaded together, but with the changes in technology, glass could be manufactured relatively cheaply in increasingly larger sheets. This led to larger window panes, and, in the 20th-century, to much larger windows in ordinary domestic and commercial buildings. Question: When did stained glass make a big comeback? Answer: 19th-century Question: When did stained glass begin to be used for places of worship? Answer: 10th-century Question: When did big windows of stained glass become less common? Answer: the Renaissance Question: What 13th-century building is an example of stained glass walls? Answer: Sainte-Chapelle Question: What did technological changes allow regular homes to have? Answer: larger windows Question: When did larger sheets make a big comeback? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did stained glass begin to be used for vessels? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did big windows of stained glass become ordinary? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What 20th-century building is an example of stained glass walls? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did archaeological excavations allow regular homes to have? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Margaret Stout and Carrie M. Staton have also written recently on the mutual influence of Whitehead and Mary Parker Follett, a pioneer in the fields of organizational theory and organizational behavior. Stout and Staton see both Whitehead and Follett as sharing an ontology that "understands becoming as a relational process; difference as being related, yet unique; and the purpose of becoming as harmonizing difference." This connection is further analyzed by Stout and Jeannine M. Love in Integrative Process: Follettian Thinking from Ontology to Administration Question: What is Mary Parker Follett known for? Answer: pioneer in the fields of organizational theory and organizational behavior Question: What do Margaret Stout and Carrie M. Staton view as commonalities between Whitehead and Follett? Answer: ontology that "understands becoming as a relational process; difference as being related, yet unique; and the purpose of becoming as harmonizing difference." Question: What book did Stout and Jeanine M. Love author that further examines the on between Whitehead and Follett? Answer: Integrative Process: Follettian Thinking from Ontology to Administration Question: What is Mary Parker Follett not known for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do Margaret Stout and Carrie M. Staton view as differences between Whitehead and Follett? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What book did Stout and Jeanine M. Love author that does not examine between Whitehead and Follett? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Licensing Act 2003, which came into force on 24 November 2005, consolidated the many laws into a single Act. This allowed pubs in England and Wales to apply to the local council for the opening hours of their choice. It was argued that this would end the concentration of violence around 11.30 pm, when people had to leave the pub, making policing easier. In practice, alcohol-related hospital admissions rose following the change in the law, with alcohol involved in 207,800 admissions in 2006/7. Critics claimed that these laws would lead to "24-hour drinking". By the time the law came into effect, 60,326 establishments had applied for longer hours and 1,121 had applied for a licence to sell alcohol 24 hours a day. However nine months later many pubs had not changed their hours, although some stayed open longer at the weekend, but rarely beyond 1:00 am. Question: When did the Licensing Act 2003 come into effect? Answer: 24 November 2005 Question: After the Licensing Act 2003, who determined the operating hours of pubs? Answer: the local council Question: Due to the traditional closing hours, when was there often violence outside of pubs? Answer: 11.30 pm Question: How many alcohol involved hospital admissions were there in 2006/7? Answer: 207,800 Question: How many pubs applied to be allowed to sell alcohol 24 hours a day? Answer: 1,121
Context: Zhejiang consists mostly of hills, which account for about 70% of its total area. Altitudes tend to be the highest to the south and west and the highest peak of the province, Huangmaojian Peak (1,929 meters or 6,329 feet), is located there. Other prominent mountains include Mounts Yandang, Tianmu, Tiantai, and Mogan, which reach altitudes of 700 to 1,500 meters (2,300 to 4,900 ft). Question: What does Zhejiang consist mostly of? Answer: hills Question: What percent of Zhejiang is hills? Answer: 70% Question: What is the highest peak of the province? Answer: Huangmaojian Peak Question: How high is Huangmaojian Peak in meters? Answer: 1,929 Question: How high is Huangmaojian Peak in feet? Answer: 6,329 Question: What does Zhejiang not consist mostly of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percent of Zhejiang is flat? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the lowest peak of the province? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How low is Huangmaojian Peak in meters? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How low is Huangmaojian Peak in feet? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Like most other regions of central and southern Germany, Thuringia has a significant industrial sector reaching back to the mid-19th-century industrialisation. The economic transition after the German reunification in 1990 led to the closure of most large-scale factories and companies, leaving small and medium-sized ones to dominate the manufacturing sector. Well-known industrial centres are Jena (a world centre for optical instruments with companies like Carl Zeiss, Schott and Jenoptik) and Eisenach, where BMW started its car production in the 1920s and an Opel factory is based today. The most important industrial branches today are engineering and metalworking, vehicle production and food industries. Especially the small and mid-sized towns in central and southwestern Thuringia (e.g. Arnstadt, Schmalkalden and Ohrdruf) are highly industrialised, whereas there are fewer industrial companies in the northern and eastern parts of the Land. Traditional industries like production of glass, porcelain and toys collapsed during the economic crises between 1930 and 1990. Question: How far back does Thuringia's industrial sector go back? Answer: the mid-19th-century industrialisation Question: What was the result of the economic transition after the German reunification in 1990? Answer: the closure of most large-scale factories and companies Question: Where in Thuringia did BMW get it's start in the 1920's? Answer: Eisenach Question: Where in Thuringia are there fewer industrial companies? Answer: the northern and eastern parts of the Land. Question: When did traditional industries like glass and toy making collapse? Answer: between 1930 and 1990 Question: When was Thuringia's industrial sector eliminated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the result of the economic transition after the German reunification in 1982? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where in Thuringia did BMW get it's start in the 1960's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where in Thuringia are there no industrial companies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did modern industries like glass and robot making collapse? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Apollo 11 left lunar orbit and returned to Earth, landing safely in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969. When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy's commitment to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was completed with 161 days to spare. With the safe completion of the Apollo 11 mission, the Americans won the race to the Moon. Question: When did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth? Answer: July 24, 1969 Question: Where did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth? Answer: Pacific Ocean
Context: Baronial unrest in England prevented the departure of the planned 1205 expedition, and only a smaller force under William Longespée deployed to Poitou. In 1206 John departed for Poitou himself, but was forced to divert south to counter a threat to Gascony from Alfonso VIII of Castile. After a successful campaign against Alfonso, John headed north again, taking the city of Angers. Philip moved south to meet John; the year's campaigning ended in stalemate and a two-year truce was made between the two rulers. Question: What prevented the departure of the planned 1205 expedition? Answer: Baronial unrest in England Question: When did Poitou depart? Answer: 1206 Question: Why did John divert south? Answer: to counter a threat to Gascony from Alfonso VIII of Castile Question: Why did Philip move south? Answer: to meet John
Context: Graduate schools include the School of Medicine, currently ranked sixth in the nation, and the George Warren Brown School of Social Work, currently ranked first. The program in occupational therapy at Washington University currently occupies the first spot for the 2016 U.S. News & World Report rankings, and the program in physical therapy is ranked first as well. For the 2015 edition, the School of Law is ranked 18th and the Olin Business School is ranked 19th. Additionally, the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design was ranked ninth in the nation by the journal DesignIntelligence in its 2013 edition of "America's Best Architecture & Design Schools." Question: What is the current national rank of the School of Medicine at Washington University? Answer: sixth in the nation Question: What is the current national rank of Brown School of Social Work? Answer: currently ranked first Question: What program at Washington University ranks first in the 2016 in the U.S. News & World Reports rankings? Answer: The program in occupational therapy Question: Where did the School of Law rank in 2015 by the U.S. News & World Reports? Answer: 18th Question: What year did the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design rank ninth by Designintellence? Answer: 2013 Question: What School of Medicine is ranked first in the nation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Designs rank as of 2016? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who ranked the George Warren Brown School of Social Work first in the nation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who ranked the Washington University School of Medicine sixth in the nation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the School of Medicine's rank in 2013? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The word qurʼān appears about 70 times in the Quran itself, assuming various meanings. It is a verbal noun (maṣdar) of the Arabic verb qaraʼa (قرأ), meaning "he read" or "he recited". The Syriac equivalent is (ܩܪܝܢܐ) qeryānā, which refers to "scripture reading" or "lesson". While some Western scholars consider the word to be derived from the Syriac, the majority of Muslim authorities hold the origin of the word is qaraʼa itself. Regardless, it had become an Arabic term by Muhammad's lifetime. An important meaning of the word is the "act of reciting", as reflected in an early Quranic passage: "It is for Us to collect it and to recite it (qurʼānahu)." Question: From which Arabic verb might "Quran" be derived? Answer: qaraʼa Question: What Syriac word might be related to "Quran"? Answer: qeryānā Question: The words from which the name "Quran" might be described are related to which act? Answer: reciting Question: Which word do most Muslim scholars point to as the origin of the Quran's name? Answer: qaraʼa Question: From which Arabic noun might "Quran" be derived? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From which Arabic verb might not "Quran" be derived? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Syriac word might be unrelated to "Quran"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The words from which the name "Quran" might be described are unrelated to which act? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which word don't any Muslim scholars point to as the origin of the Quran's name? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Additionally, the Italian Eritrea administration opened a number of new factories, which produced buttons, cooking oil, pasta, construction materials, packing meat, tobacco, hide and other household commodities. In 1939, there were around 2,198 factories and most of the employees were Eritrean citizens. The establishment of industries also made an increase in the number of both Italians and Eritreans residing in the cities. The number of Italians residing in the territory increased from 4,600 to 75,000 in five years; and with the involvement of Eritreans in the industries, trade and fruit plantation was expanded across the nation, while some of the plantations were owned by Eritreans. Question: What did the Eritrea administration open to produce products such as buttons and construction materials? Answer: a number of new factories Question: How many factories were in Eritrea by 1939? Answer: around 2,198 Question: Who were the main employees in the factories of Eritrea? Answer: Eritrean citizens Question: Besides Eritreans, which other nationality increased its city population because of new industries? Answer: Italians Question: How much did the number of Italians residing in Eritrea increase in 5 years due to factories being built? Answer: from 4,600 to 75,000 Question: How many Italians lived in Eretria in 1939? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many plantations were owned by Eritreans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the first factory in Italian Eritrea produce? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Eritreans worked in the factories in 1939? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the main export of Italian Eritrea in 1939? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In India, it was reported that the Indian Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) censored kissing scenes featuring Monica Bellucci, Daniel Craig, and Léa Seydoux. They also muted all profanity. This prompted criticism of the board online, especially on Twitter. Question: Whic organization is responsible for filtering movie content in India? Answer: Indian Central Board of Film Certification Question: Which social media site was used for complaining about the Indian censoring? Answer: Twitter. Question: What country censored hand-holding scenes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who censored talking scenes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Profanity was not muted in which country? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was support expressed for the censored film? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Owing to economic conditions and the late 2000s recession, many of the proposed mega casinos never went further than the initial planning stages. One of these developers was Pinnacle Entertainment, who purchased the Sands Atlantic City, only to close it permanently November 11, 2006. The following year, the resort was demolished in a dramatic, Las Vegas styled implosion, the first of its kind in Atlantic City. While Pinnacle Entertainment intended to replace it with a $1.5–2 billion casino resort, the company canceled its construction plans and plans to sell the land. The biggest disappointment was when MGM Resorts International announced that it would pull out of all development for Atlantic City, effectively ending their plans for the MGM Grand Atlantic City. Question: When did the Sands Atlantic City close permanently? Answer: November 11, 2006 Question: What happened to the Sands Atlantic City a year after it closed? Answer: demolished in a dramatic, Las Vegas styled implosion Question: What did Pinnacle Entertainment intend to replace the Sands Atlantic City with? Answer: $1.5–2 billion casino resort Question: Why did many of the proposed mega casinos never get further than the initial planning stages? Answer: economic conditions and the late 2000s recession Question: Who purchased the Sands Atlantic City? Answer: Pinnacle Entertainment
Context: The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia. The oldest winery was found in Armenia, dating to around 4000 BC.[citation needed] By the 9th century AD the city of Shiraz was known to produce some of the finest wines in the Middle East. Thus it has been proposed that Syrah red wine is named after Shiraz, a city in Persia where the grape was used to make Shirazi wine.[citation needed] Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics record the cultivation of purple grapes,[citation needed] and history attests to the ancient Greeks, Phoenicians, and Romans growing purple grapes for both eating and wine production[citation needed]. The growing of grapes would later spread to other regions in Europe, as well as North Africa, and eventually in North America. Question: How long ago were grapes first cultivated? Answer: 6,000–8,000 years ago Question: What microorganisms are naturally found on a grapes skin? Answer: Yeast Question: Where is the oldest know winery located? Answer: Armenia Question: What city is Syrah red wine believed to have been named after? Answer: Shiraz Question: How do we know that wine was made in ancient Egypt? Answer: hieroglyphics
Context: In addition to Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four, Marvel began publishing further superhero titles featuring such heroes and antiheroes as the Hulk, Thor, Ant-Man, Iron Man, the X-Men, Daredevil, the Inhumans, Black Panther, Doctor Strange, Captain Marvel and the Silver Surfer, and such memorable antagonists as Doctor Doom, Magneto, Galactus, Loki, the Green Goblin, and Doctor Octopus, all existing in a shared reality known as the Marvel Universe, with locations that mirror real-life cities such as New York, Los Angeles and Chicago. Question: What actual US cities have fictional equivalents in Marvel's comic milieu? Answer: New York, Los Angeles and Chicago Question: What Marvel hero is related to a tiny insect? Answer: Ant-Man Question: The shared milieu inhabited by all Marvel heroes and villains is known as? Answer: the Marvel Universe Question: Which two comic book titles were the precursors to the widening of this overall setting? Answer: Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four Question: What fictional universe was Los Angeles based on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was Daredevil's main antagonist? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What city does Black Panther live in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four were published after what comic? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are the real-life cities New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago called? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Having initially announced a new album entitled So Help Me God slated for a 2014 release, in March 2015 West announced that the album would instead be tentatively called SWISH. Later that month, West was awarded an honorary doctorate by the School of the Art Institute of Chicago for his contributions to music, fashion, and popular culture, officially making him an honorary DFA. The next month, West headlined at the Glastonbury Festival in the UK, despite a petition signed by almost 135,000 people against his appearance. At one point, he told the audience: "You are now watching the greatest living rock star on the planet." Media outlets, including social media sites such as Twitter, were sharply divided on his performance. NME stated, "The decision to book West for the slot has proved controversial since its announcement, and the show itself appeared to polarise both Glastonbury goers and those who tuned in to watch on their TVs." The publication added that "he's letting his music speak for and prove itself." The Guardian said that "his set has a potent ferocity – but there are gaps and stutters, and he cuts a strangely lone figure in front of the vast crowd." Question: What did Kanye change the title of his next planned album from So Help Me God to? Answer: SWISH Question: From which institution did Kanye receive an honorary doctorate? Answer: Art Institute of Chicago Question: How many people signed a petition to keep Kanye from performing at Glastonbury Festival? Answer: 135,000 Question: What was the original name of Kanye's album "SWISH"? Answer: So Help Me God Question: What school awarded Kanye west an honorary doctorate? Answer: School of the Art Institute of Chicago Question: How many people petitioned his show at the Glastonbury Music Festival in the UK? Answer: 135,000
Context: The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings. Question: In what area of Kathmandu is the National Museum? Answer: western Question: What stupa is close to the National Museum? Answer: Swayambhunath Question: Who built the building that contains the National Museum? Answer: Bhimsen Thapa Question: When was the National Museum founded? Answer: 1928 Question: What does Chhauni Silkhana mean? Answer: the stone house of arms and ammunition
Context: In contrast, procedural memory (or implicit memory) is not based on the conscious recall of information, but on implicit learning. It can best be summarized as remember how to do something. Procedural memory is primarily employed in learning motor skills and should be considered a subset of implicit memory. It is revealed when one does better in a given task due only to repetition - no new explicit memories have been formed, but one is unconsciously accessing aspects of those previous experiences. Procedural memory involved in motor learning depends on the cerebellum and basal ganglia. Question: What is another term for procedural memory? Answer: implicit memory Question: If bob remembered how to bake a cake after seeing this on television what memory is he using? Answer: procedural memory Question: What set of skills is reliant on procedural memory? Answer: motor skills Question: If Bob does throws 15 more free throws than he did last week, how many more explicit memories has he gained? Answer: no new explicit memories have been formed, Question: What is another term for procedural senses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: If bob remembered how to bake a cake after seeing this on television what sense is he using? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What set of skills is not reliant on procedural memory? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of memory does not depend on the cerebellum and basal ganglia? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of memory is secondarily employed in learning motor skills and should be considered a subset of implicit memory Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On the other hand, many of the medieval buildings once situated within the town walls are now in ruins or have disappeared altogether. From successive incarnations of the motte and bailey castle, only a section of the bailey wall remains today, lying just off Castle Way. The last remains of the Franciscan friary in Southampton, founded circa 1233 and dissolved in 1538, were swept away in the 1940s. The site is now occupied by Friary House. Question: The only remaining piece of the motte and bailey castle can be seen near what modern Southampton street? Answer: Castle Way Question: About what year was the Franciscan friary established in Southampton? Answer: 1233 Question: What year did Southampton's Franciscan friary shut down? Answer: 1538 Question: In what decade were the leftovers of the Southampton friary destroyed? Answer: 1940s Question: What landmark now sits on the site of the Franciscan friary in Southampton? Answer: Friary House
Context: Critics labelled Gaddafi "despotic, cruel, arrogant, vain and stupid", with western governments and press presenting him as the "vicious dictator of an oppressed people". During the Reagan administration, the United States regarded him as "Public Enemy No. 1" and Reagan famously dubbed him the "mad dog of the Middle East". According to critics, the Libyan people lived in a climate of fear under Gaddafi's administration, due to his government's pervasive surveillance of civilians. Gaddafi's Libya was typically described by western commentators as "a police state". Opponents were critical of Libya's human rights abuses; according to Human Rights Watch (HRW) and others, hundreds of arrested political opponents often failed to receive a fair trial, and were sometimes subjected to torture or extrajudicial execution, most notably in the Abu Salim prison, including an alleged massacre on 29 June 1996 in which HRW estimated that 1,270 prisoners were massacred. Dissidents abroad or "stray dogs" were also publicly threatened with death and sometimes killed by government hit squads. His government's treatment of non-Arab Libyans has also came in for criticism from human rights activists, with native Berbers, Italians, Jews, refugees, and foreign workers all facing persecution in Gaddafist Libya. According to journalist Annick Cojean and psychologist Seham Sergewa, Gaddafi and senior officials raped and imprisoned hundreds or thousands of young women and reportedly raped several of his female bodyguards. Gaddafi's government was frequently criticized for not being democratic, with Freedom House consistently giving Libya under Gaddafi the "Not Free" ranking for civil liberties and political rights. Question: What did Reagan call Gaddafi? Answer: mad dog of the Middle East Question: According to Human Rights Watch, how many prisoners were killed on June 29, 1996? Answer: 1,270 Question: Under Gaddafi, how did Freedom House rate Libya? Answer: Not Free Question: What did Gaddafi call Libya dissidents based outside the country? Answer: stray dogs Question: At what prison did extrajudicial executions occur according to HRW? Answer: Abu Salim

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