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not known to have powervalve issues. Riding Experience These motorcycles are not particularly suited to carrying pillion passengers on long rides, due to its race-orientated design, detracting from comfort. Hence, touring is also not a strong point of this model. In straight line acceleration, the RGV250 is faster than most other 250 cc two-stroke and four-stroke motorcycles. The Aprilia RS250 is related and uses a modified RGV250 VJ22 (90° 2-Stroke V-Twin) engine. Aprilia bought engines from Suzuki (which were fitted with Aprilia branded castings on the timing and clutch covers), then fit their own expansion chambers, barrels and ECU. They also redesigned the heads to have larger cooling passages and a slightly different combustion chamber shape. References External links RGV250 Category:Sport bikes Category:Motorcycles introduced in 1988 Category:Two-stroke motorcycles |
Havercroft For the lost village in Lincolnshire see Havercroft, Thonock, Lincolnshire Havercroft is a small village situated on the B6428 in West Yorkshire, England, approximately south east of the city of Wakefield. It forms part of the civil parish of Havercroft with Cold Hiendley, which has a population of 2,103, increasing to 2,256 at the 2011 Census. In the last 100 years it has grown from a small collection of homes to a thriving village in its own right. For hundreds of years, Havercroft was an agricultural community and the few people who lived here worked in the fields; it does not appear in the Doomsday Book but it can be traced back on old maps and charters of 1155, when Henry the Second, father of Richard the Lionheart, was King of England. Havercroft now maintains its own school, Havercroft J & I School. The Ryhill & Havercroft Sports Centre is shared with Ryhill as is the local health centre, Rycroft Primary Care Centre. Havercroft also has a 'community hub' known as the Havercroft & Ryhill Community Learning Centre (located in Ryhill) which is also the Havercroft Parish Hall. As well as the Living Hope Community Church established in 1960 at bottom of cow lane which runs a number of cumminity projects. The Havercroft with Cold Hiendley Parish Council meets there and the Centre provides a regular calendar of educational courses & community activities for both Havercroft and its neighbour Ryhill. Havercroft suffered from high unemployment in the 1980s due to local pit closures. Since then the village has become popular with commuters travelling to nearby towns such as Pontefract, Barnsley and Wakefield. Havercroft is split into two undistinct sections, Newstead - occupying the higher ground of Newstead hill - and the main village of Havercroft. In terms of the built environment Havercroft is co-terminous with its Ryhill neighbour with the boundary of the two civil parishes following along streetside and garden fence rather than across open fields for much of its length. References External links Ryhill website at AboutBritain.com Ryhill and Havercroft Villages fan website Category:Villages in West Yorkshire Category:Geography of the City of Wakefield Category:Civil parishes in West Yorkshire |
Garak, Khuzestan Garak () is a village in Howmeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 189, in 41 families. References Category:Populated places in Ramhormoz County |
Ron Evans Ronald Barry Evans AM (7 July 1939 – 9 March 2007) was an Australian rules footballer, Chairman of the Australian Football League (AFL) from 1998 to 2007, as well as President of the Essendon Football Club from 1988 to 1992. Education Evans was educated at Caulfield Grammar School in Melbourne, where he was a classmate of linguist Michael Clyne, businessman Ron Walker, and 1960 Brownlow Medal winner John Schultz. He played full-forward in Caulfield Grammar's First XVIII, a team which also contained two other future VFL players: Ron Cabble who played with Hawthorn, and Footscray's John Schultz. Evans later gained both a BSc and an MBA. Football career Although not solidly built (he weighed 78 kg), he was 6'2" (188 cm), and his very long arms gave him extra inches in marking contests. Recruited from Essendon Baptists in 1958 — he had broken the Essendon District Football League's Essendon goalkicking record in 1957 — he played his first senior match for Essendon, as a reserve, at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, against Melbourne on 10 May 1958. Altogether, he played 64 games for Essendon from 1958 to 1962, mostly at full-forward, kicking 210 goals. He played his best football under coach Dick Reynolds. He missed a number of games through injury in 1961; but, in 1962, John Coleman's second year as coach, he only played six senior games for Essendon, having lost his regular place at full-forward to Charlie Payne. His brief senior record is impressive: 1958: 10 games (2 as a reserve), 27 goals (including 7 goals in one match) — plus 1 night game, 1 goal. 1959: 20 games, 78 goals (including 9 goals in a match on two occasions, and 6 goals in a match on another two occasions) 1959: full-forward in losing Grand-Final team)1959 VFL season#Grand Final Teams 1959: Victorian State Team 1959: VFL Leading Goalkicker at 19 years, 78 goals (including 5 goals from only 6 touches in the 1959 First Semi-Final against Collingwood, and 2 goals in the losing GrandFinal against Melbourne) 1960: 18 games, 67 goals (including 10 goals in a match on one occasion, 8 goals in a match on one occasion, and 6 goals in a match on another) 1960: Victorian State Team 1960: VFL Leading Goalkicker 67 goals (despite being the competition's leading goalkicker, Evans was held goal-less in Essendon's 1960 First Semi-Final loss to Collingwood) 1961: 10 games (1 as a reserve), 21 goals — plus 1 night game, 3 goals. 1962: 6 games, 16 goals 1962: Last game for Essendon (as a reserve) against St Kilda on 4 August 1962. In 1963, he moved to Western Australia, got his form back, and played a total of 60 games at full-forward for the West Perth Football Club in the Western Australian National Football League (WANFL) over three seasons from 1963 to 1965. 1963: 97 goals 1963: WANFL Leading goalkicker. 1964: 84 goals 1964: West Perth's Leading goalkicker. 1965: 90 goals 1965: West Perth's Leading goalkicker. He retired as a footballer at the end of the 1965 season at the age of 26. Cricket career He was a fine wicket-keeper whilst at Caulfield Grammar School; and, much to the distress of its headmaster, S. W. Kurrle, who wanted him to play for the school's First XI, Evans played his first District cricket match for North Melbourne Cricket Club whilst still at school, at 16 years of age. When he returned to Melbourne after his sojourn in Western Australia, he resumed his cricketing career with North Melbourne, and went on to play a total of 126 games for the North |
Melbourne First XI. He captained the First XI, and was made a life member of the Club. His club record of five catches and three stumpings as a North Melbourne First XI wicketkeeper has never been surpassed. Football administrator He served on the committee of the Essendon Football Club from 1978 to 1987, having lost the 1981 election for president by a single vote to his former teammate Greg Sewell. In 1988 he stood for president once again; and, despite Sewell being a hot favourite for the position, Evans won the election. He served as President of the Essendon Football Club from 1988 to 1992. Evans unexpectedly announced his retirement as president of the Essendon F.C. at the end of 1992. As president he had been responsible for many significant events and changes, including engineering the 1992 move of Essendon's home matches to the Melbourne Cricket Ground and the 1991 retention of coach Kevin Sheedy when it seemed inevitable that Sheedy would move to New South Wales and coach the Sydney Swans. Soon after his surprise resignation it was revealed that he had been appointed to one of the new positions of AFL commissioner whose task it was to guide, influence and direct the future of the AFL competition. He served as an AFL commissioner from 1993 to 1997 and from 1998 to 2007 he was the chairman of the AFL (i.e., the governing body of the premier Australian rules football competition). Business interests Evans also became a very successful businessman, working as an executive for Spotless, and later as the company's managing director from 1992 to 2004. On 12 June 2006, in the Queen's Birthday Honours List, he was made a Member (AM) of the Order of Australia for service to business and Australian rules football. Legacy In 2006, the AFL announced that Evans was to have an abdominal tumor removed and that, due to his ill-health he was retiring. He died of abdominal cancer on 9 March 2007. He was posthumously awarded membership in the administrator's Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2007. The Ron Evans Medal was created in his name, awarded to the AFL Rising Star of that year, beginning in 2007, when it was inaugurally presented to Joel Selwood of the Geelong Football Club. See also List of Caulfield Grammar School people Footnotes References Maplestone, M., Flying Higher: History of the Essendon Football Club 1872–1996, Essendon Football Club, (Melbourne), 1996. Ross, J. (ed), 100 Years of Australian Football 1897–1996: The Complete Story of the AFL, All the Big Stories, All the Great Pictures, All the Champions, Every AFL Season Reported, Viking, (Ringwood), 1996. External links Mick Davis, "Farewell for the man who changed AFL" (The Australian, 17 March 2007) Patrick Smith, "Dignified leader who always kicked straight and true", (The Australian, 10 March 2007) Channel Nine Sunday Programme Chat Transcript: John Lyons on the AFL Channel Nine Sunday Programme Transcript: Behind the Rules Category:1939 births Category:2007 deaths Category:VFL/AFL administrators Category:People educated at Caulfield Grammar School Category:Australian chief executives Category:Coleman Medal winners Category:Essendon Football Club administrators Category:Essendon Football Club players Category:Members of the Order of Australia Category:Sportspeople from Melbourne Category:West Perth Football Club players Category:Deaths from cancer in Victoria (Australia) Category:Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia) Category:Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees |
Magnús Ólafsson (swimmer) Magnús Ólafsson (born 16 September 1967) is an Icelandic swimmer. He competed in three events at the 1988 Summer Olympics. References Category:1967 births Category:Living people Magnus Olafsson Magnus Olafsson Category:Swimmers at the 1988 Summer Olympics Category:Place of birth missing (living people) |
The Sawdust Ring The Sawdust Ring (also known as The Little Equestrienne) is a 1917 American silent drama film distributed by the Triangle Film Corporation and starring Bessie Love. A shortened version of the film survives in 9.5 mm reduction print at Cineteca Nazionale, Pacific Film Archive, and the BFI National Archive. Plot Two children who want to become circus performers run away from home. The mother of the girl is ill and has been sent to the hospital, while the father of the boy is a junk dealer. They finally arrive at the circus of Colonel Simmonds (Richardson) and obtain employment. When Janet Magie (Love) falls from a horse, Simmonds learns that she is actually his daughter and through her is able to contact his wife, who had left him due to a misunderstanding. This results in a happy reunion. Cast Bessie Love as Janet Magie Harold Goodwin as Peter Weldon Jack Richardson as Colonel Simmonds Josephine Headley as Mrs. Magie Daisy Dean as Paquita Alfred Hollingsworth as Steve Weldon References External links Category:1910s drama films Category:1917 films Category:American black-and-white films Category:American drama films Category:American films Category:American silent feature films Category:Films directed by Paul Powell (director) Category:Surviving American silent films Category:Triangle Film Corporation films |
Ethalia nitida Ethalia nitida is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The shell of this species is thin and helicoid, with smooth and polished whorls. The inner lip is callous and indented, but the callus is not sufficiently large to cover or conceal the umbilicus. The peristome is produced into an angle, which ascends on the body whorl. Distribution This marine species occurs off Japan. References Higo, S., Callomon, P. & Goto, Y. (1999) Catalogue and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Mollusca of Japan. Elle Scientific Publications, Yao, Japan, 749 pp. External links To World Register of Marine Species nitida Category:Gastropods described in 1863 |
Nothing More (film) Nothing More () is a 2001 Cuban comedy film directed by Juan Carlos Cremata Malberti. It was selected as the Cuban entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 75th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated. Cast Thais Valdés as Carla Pérez Nacho Lugo as Cesar Daisy Granados as Cunda Paula Ali as Cuca See also List of submissions to the 75th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film List of Cuban submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film References External links Category:2001 films Category:2000s comedy films Category:Cuban films Category:Cuban comedy films Category:Spanish-language films |
Van, Oregon Van is an unincorporated community in Harney County, Oregon, United States. It is along Van–Drewsey Road about northeast of Burns, in the Wolf Creek Valley. Van post office was established in 1891 and named for local settler Van Middlesworth. The office closed in 1953. As of 2008, the former United States Forest Service Van Guard Station was for sale. Climate According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Van has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps. References Category:Unincorporated communities in Harney County, Oregon Category:1891 establishments in Oregon Category:Unincorporated communities in Oregon |
Joel Wicks Joel Wicks (born 27 October 1994) is a former professional rugby league footballer who most recently played for the London Broncos in the Championship. He played as a hooker. Wicks started as a junior for the Greenwich Admirals and was in the London Broncos Academy system. In 2013 he made his Super League début for the Broncos against the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats. In 2015 Wicks played nine games on loan at the London Skolars in League 1. References External links Scoresway profile Category:Living people Category:1994 births Category:Rugby league hookers Category:London Broncos players Category:London Skolars players |
Stand For "Stand For" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Ty Dolla Sign. It was released as a single on November 17, 2014. After the release of the song it was reported that it will be included in Ty's debut studio album, Free TC, but it didn't make the final track listing. "Stand For" was produced by DJ Dahi and Diplo. The song has since peaked at number 10 on the US Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Music video The song's official music video, directed by creative collective The Sacred Egg, was released on December 1, 2014. Remix On January 23, 2015, DJ Mustard released a remix of the song featuring his own production. Track listing Digital download Chart performance References Category:2014 songs Category:2014 singles Category:Ty Dolla Sign songs Category:Atlantic Records singles Category:Song recordings produced by Diplo |
1968 SANFL season The 1968 South Australian National Football League season was the 89th season of the top-level Australian rules football competition in South Australia. Ladder Finals Series Grand Final References SANFL Category:South Australian National Football League seasons |
American Russell Terrier Club The American Russell Terrier Club (formerly named the English Jack Russell Terrier Club), founded by JoAnn Stoll in 1995, was the first registry in the United States to maintain the Russell Terrier as a separate breed from the Parson Russell Terrier. The American Jack Russell Terrier Club is affiliated with both the United Kennel Club and the American Kennel Club. The purpose of the early founders was to establish a registry for the perpetuation and development of the Russell Terrier as a pure strain of working Jack Russell Terrier keeping their blood and type pure within the registry to works towards Kennel Club recognition as an official breed in the US. On January 1, 2001, the United Kennel Club recognized the Russell Terrier as an official breed, designating only the stock from the American Russell Terrier Club as Foundation stock for the UKC Russell Terrier. In 2004 the American Russell Terrier Club submitted an official request to include the American Russell Terrier Club stock into the AKC FSS Program to work towards becoming an official breed under the perimeters. On December 8, 2004, the AKC officially accepted the Russell Terrier. History The Russell Terrier originated in England, with Australia being designated country of development for the breed. The Russell Terrier was developed for use in the sport of foxhunting, using parallel breeding strains from the Reverend John Russell's original fox working terriers in the early nineteenth century. The Russell Terrier is utilized today as a working terrier. Two distinct breeds evolved with similar standards except for height and proportion, the Russell being shorter in height with a distinctly rectangular shape and the Parsons being taller and more square in silhouette. The small size of the Russell breed, 10″ to 12″ tall and rectangular in shape, made them an ideal size to be carried horseback in terrier bags, a requisite for certain terrain. The nose to locate and the voice to bolt the fox was far more important than speed. The Russell Terriers handy size, small flexible chest, short legs, nose, strong voice and fearless nature made them excellent workers below ground bolting fox. Russell Terriers derived from the Reverend Russell's fox working strains, share many characteristics with the Parson Russell Terrier. However, the two breeds are distinctly different in height, body proportions and length of leg, each having been maintained as separate breeds in the US and Europe for many decades. The American Russell Terrier Club registry has maintained the breed since 1995, with full registration at one year of age, requiring a health certificate, evaluated breeding status plus verification of pedigree purity. Breeding lines have been maintained with the intent to exclude infusion of Parson Russell Terrier blood lines as well as other "foreign" terrier blood. The American Russell Terrier Club has the only Foundation stock designated UKC FS Russell Terriers and AKC FSS Russell Terriers being the original founding US registry for the breed. The American Russell Terrier Club submitted the application for inclusion into the AKC FSS being officially accepted by AKC December 8, 2004. The club relinquished their registry to AKC to provide a data base for the Foundation stock for the breed. References Category:Kennel clubs Category:Dog breed registries |
Maurice Vander Maurice Vanderschueren, better known as Maurice Vander (born 11 June 1929, Paris, died 16 February, 2017) was a French jazz keyboardist. Vander worked in the 1950s with Don Byas, Django Reinhardt, Bobby Jaspar, Jimmy Raney, Stephane Grappelli, Chet Baker, and Kenny Clarke. He won the Prix Django Reinhardt in 1962. In the 1960s he was a session musician for Roger Guerin, Pierre Gossez, and Boulou Ferré, and played with Claude Nougaro and Ivan Jullien. He played with Baker again in the late 1970s and with Johnny Griffin; his later work included performing and recording with Clarke, Richie Cole, Art Farmer, and Benny Powell. Vander is the adoptive father of Christian Vander (musician). References Michel Laplace, "Maurice Vander". The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz. 2nd edition, ed. Barry Kernfeld. Category:French jazz pianists Category:French male pianists Category:French jazz organists Category:Musicians from Paris Category:Male organists Category:20th-century pianists Category:20th-century organists Category:20th-century French musicians Category:20th-century French male musicians Category:Male jazz musicians |
Vaux-sur-Poligny Vaux-sur-Poligny is a commune in the Jura department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. Population See also Communes of the Jura department References INSEE statistics Category:Communes of Jura (department) |
Crasna Veche The Crasna Veche is a tributary of the River Crasna. It is the old lower reach of the Crasna before its channelization and is used at present mainly as a drainage canal. It originates in Romania near the village of Domănești, crosses into Hungary north of Berveni and finally joins the new course of the Crasna near Nagyecsed. Category:Rivers of Romania Category:Rivers of Hungary Category:Rivers of Satu Mare County Category:International rivers of Europe L |
Kalle Johansson Kalle Johansson may refer to: Kalle Johansson (ice hockey) (born 1993), Swedish ice hockey player Kalle Johansson (singer) (born 1997), Swedish singer Karl Johansson, Swedish orienteering competitor, also known as Kalle Johansson |
Klaus Gürtelbauer Klaus Gürtelbauer is a retired Austrian slalom canoeist who competed in the mid-1960s. He won a bronze medal in the C-2 team event at the 1963 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Spittal. References External links Klaus GÜRTELBAUER at CanoeSlalom.net Category:Austrian male canoeists Category:Possibly living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Medalists at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships |
Super Saver Foods Super Saver Foods was an American price-impact grocery franchise. It is currently owned by Albertsons LLC. It is a no-frills grocery store where the customers bag their own groceries at the checkout. History Acme version Super Saver was a brand launched by the Acme grocery chain in 1970 on the East Coast as discount format grocery stores. The format was established in order to compete with lower priced grocery retailers such as ShopRite and Pathmark (competitors which did not offer trading stamps). The brand was retired in 1982 (though some isolated stores retained the signage into the early 1990s). American Stores version In 1994, American Stores Company, parent company of Acme and Lucky food stores decided to start a discount format grocery store chain in California. They built new stores in Southern California (Indio, Oceanside, Anaheim, National City), and converted about 6 Lucky stores, (3 in Sacramento, Pittsburg, Vacaville, and Woodland) to the format in Northern California. Initially, American Stores named these stores Price Advantage, based on the Lucky Advantage prototype store in Escondido, California. Price Club sued American Stores over name infringement shortly before the grand openings. The stores were swiftly rebranded Food Advantage the night before Grand Openings, with the word "Price" marked out with a thick ink marker on every label, tag and sign in the store. A scaled down warehouse store, Food Advantage featured no bakery or deli, with its concept modeled in a similar fashion to Food 4 Less stores. In the coming months, American Stores would rebrand these stores as Food/Price Advantage. Finally, American Stores decided to rebrand them as Super Saver, bringing back the familiar logo that had been used decades earlier in Philadelphia. In 1999, Albertsons purchased American Stores. A number of the Super Saver stores were divested to satisfy anti-trust concerns, but a few remained. By 2003, the only remaining Super Saver stores still operated by Albertsons were in Indio (closed in 2005), Woodland (closed in 2006) and Gonzales, LA (closed in 2006). Albertsons version In 2003, Albertsons then announced that they would be developing a new Hispanic format in Southern California, and would be calling it Super Saver. A few Albertsons stores converted to Super Saver, as well as a Max Foods location near the Mexico border in San Ysidro. In 2004, Albertsons announced that they were creating a discount grocery store division that would operate initially in Texas, Louisiana, and Florida. This division would be an independent operating subsidiary of Albertsons known as EXTREME, Inc. These stores would be converted poorly performing former Albertsons stores and the name used on the store would be Super Saver. At this time, the Super Saver logo was redesigned. Albertsons also rebranded two former Food 4 Less stores in Utah to Super Saver at this time, but continued to use other names for discount format stores in Colorado and parts of California (Max Foods and Grocery Warehouse). The Super Saver stores offered Acme products for private label goods rather than the Albertsons brand, much as the original Acme Super Saver chain sold the company's Alpha Beta products instead of the Acme Ideal brand of the time. In 2006, Albertsons was dissolved as a company. The EXTREME group was sold to Cerberus Capital Management, which became known as Albertsons LLC. That same year, Cerberus made a decision to close the entire Super Saver store chain on August 1, except for a couple of stores in Utah. The stores in Utah are now known as Lucky. See also List of companies based in Idaho References Category:Retail companies established in 1970 Category:Companies based |
in Boise, Idaho |
List of broadband over power line deployments This is a list of broadband over power line deployments. In this sense, "broadband" usually refers to Internet access using power line communication technology. Active North America: United States: The United Telecom Council publishes the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)-mandated BPL Interference Resolution website, which provides a list of all BPL deployments in the US. Canada: Quebec: As of 2005, PLC communication technology developed by Ariane Controls is being installed inside and outside existing buildings to control lights and other energy-hungry devices. The cheap devices allow energy consumption to be better managed, and so save much energy and bring a clear return on investment. Western Europe: Sweden: Vattenfall is using PLC technology at 1200 baud for automatic meter reading based on an Iskraemeco product. Central and Eastern Europe, and Eurasia: Russian Federation: Electro-com has deployed widely BPL/PLC technology and offers internet access service in Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Kaluga and Rostov-on-Don, planning to extend coverage to main Russian cities. Currently the company does not provide other services, though plans to start providing telephone, and television services someday. Base equipment is a DefiDev modem with a DS2 chipset. The company had 35,000 subscribers and an annual growth of 15-20%. The company has, however, halted operations in Moscow in September, 2008, having sold its client network to an IDSL internet provider. Romania: In January, 2006, the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology introduced a PLC trial in the rural locality of Band, Mureş County, offering phone and broadband internet access for €7 per month. The technology was introduced to 50 households. If successful, the technology will be extended to other rural areas throughout Romania. Montenegro: In March, 2002, the Internet Crna Gora biggest internet provider in Montenegro launched a pilot project in town of Cetinje. Serbia: In August 2002, the Star Engineering from Niš launched a pilot project to show a completely new way to access the Internet, which is a new in that time in most countries around the world. Hungary: The first powerline service in Hungary was realized in September, 2003, in the Riverside apartment house in Budapest by 23Vnet Ltd. The PLC equipment was supplied by ASCOM Powerline. After four months the service was counting 100 users from 450 apartment owners. The bandwidth is 4.5 Mbit/s. Asia, Pacific, and Oceania: InovaTech has been particularly active, with many successful trials in Australia, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. InovaTech recently widened its focus to include Europe, the Middle East and Africa, where it has undertaken several successful field trials and is believed to be readying commercial operations in several locations. InovaTech is also understood to have a long-term trial running in Russia. One of the most active solution providers, InovaTech is the first vendor to develop an integrated offering which integrates telecommunications and energy management capabilities. The Philippines is deploying broadband over power lines nationwide. Indonesia: PT Kejora Gemilang Internusa "KEJORA", under their banner PLANET BROADBAND, is currently rolling out broadband over power line, with over 300,000 homes expected to be enabled by August 2010. PT. Kejora Gemilang Internusa signed an 8-year Joint Venture concession agreement with ICON+ a division of PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Indonesia electricity company). Under the terms of the agreement PLAnet Broadband are to supply BPL/PLC to Jakarta West and West Java. The first stage of the project will see BPL/PLC services delivered to the door of 300,000 homes with continued rollout to follow. PLAnet Broadband are the industry leader in the BPL PLC Asian Pacific market and were the first provider to offer BPL Internet commercially |
within Indonesia. PLAnet Broadband currently offer 3-Play services with WAN access speeds from 256kbit/s - 10Mbit/s and LAN access speeds from 85-200Mbit/s current developments are continuing in INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, SINGAPORE, PHILIPPINES & CHINA. PLAnet Broadband have very strong partnerships with China-based manufacturing companies for supply of Head-End, Reapeters, Couplers and CPE. further information can be viewed on PLANET BROADBAND at their website www.planetbroadband.kejora.net Another company, PT. Broadband Powerline Indonesia, has been developing broadband over power line in apartment buildings since 2006. PT. BPI also produces data couplers to make broadband over powerline possible in three phases (R, S, T) with a single master. India : In India IIIT Allahabad has undertaken a project in co-operation with Corinex Communications Canada to implement a prototype of BPL for University campus and nearby villages. Africa and the Middle East: Egypt: The Engineering Office for Integrated Projects (EOIP) has deployed PLC technology widely in Alexandria, Fayed, and Tanta. Based on a locally developed system, the company provides AMR for electricity utilities. Currently, the company has about 70,000 subscribers. South Africa: Goal Technology Solutions (GTS) trialled the technology and is offering service in the suburbs of Pretoria, and plans to extend it to other areas. The tests were done with Mitsubishi equipment using a DS2 chipset, and the company claims a maximum throughput of 90 Mbit/s although initially only "512 Kbits/s ADSL equivalent speeds" are available. Now it uses DefiDev's equipment, and according to GTS's website, it will expand available bandwidth up to 5-20 Mbit/s. Ghana: Cactel Communications, Ltd. successfully deployed an MV solution pilot project in the Graphic Communications Group in Accra in June, 2005. A Cactel Remote Energy Management System (REMS) pilot project for the Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) is running a 40-user pilot project at the University of Ghana in Legon. The current project combines fiber, radio link, Wi-Fi and PLC to provide broadband internet access and telephony. It showcases the interoperability of PLC technology and the company's expertise in emerging market design and deployment. Cactel hopes to deploy nationally, and is in deliberations with the national stakeholders and with Ghana's Ministry of Communications (MoC). AllTerra Communications successfully implemented a pilot test of broadband over power lines in Akosombo. In partnership with VRA, this test involves demonstrating transmission of broadband from medium to low voltage signals. AllTerra is working with VRA to expand the pilot project to include essential grid management utilities that will help balance and manage the current electricity transmission throughout their various substations. Using IT as a catalyst for economic development, AllTerra is expanding into numerous areas throughout Ghana. Vobiss Solutions Ltd successfully implemented a Hybrid Fibre BPL pilot network within EMEFS Hillview Estate in collaboration with ECG. Saudi Arabia: ElectroNet has been working with the Saudi Electric Company since 2005 on a pilot project using broadband over power lines over medium voltage cables and linking into low voltage distribution within a shopping mall. The pilot project also integrates automatic meter readers. Powerlines Communications Co. Ltd. implemented an AMR pilot project for Saudi Electricity Company in 2006. The project was located in the city of Jeddah on the west coast of Saudi Arabia. Digital KWh meters were installed in parallel with analog KWh meters. Readings taken by the Saudi Electricity Company showed variations of less than 1%. A BPL pilot project was included. Saudi Arabian Computer Management Consultants (SACMAC) has signed a deal to become an official system integrator and distributor for Mitsubishi PLC. It is expected to become a great success, because the existing broadband service, monopolized by the Saudi Telecom Company, is expensive and has poor |
customer service (some clients report that company techs arrive months after ordering). SACMAC has declined to talk about specifics of availability and price but says it will start rolling out the service in a few months (as of May 2006) and its price will be lower than current broadband providers. Concluded deployments The following deployments have ended: Australia, Tasmania: In November 2007, electricity retailer Aurora Energy ended its involvement with BPL and announced it was switching to Optical Fiber. This ended their commercial trial begun in September 2005, offering BPL services to 500 homes in the suburb of Tolmans Hill near Hobart, which had followed a successful technological trial earlier that year. Portugal ended BPL/PLC deployments in the country in October 2006, reportedly for economic reasons., Russian Federation: In September 2008, Russia's only BPL provider Electro-com ended deployments in Moscow for economic reasons. Spain: In May 2007 Iberdrola and Endesa (the main power companies in Spain) ended their projects to deploy PLC. United States: As of July 2010, the City of Manassas, VA has shut down their BPL deployment, which was the largest in the country. As of April 2007, Motorola has shuttered its Powerline LV Access BPL and reportedly plans to re-purpose the technology to a new system called Powerline MU, which is for use within multiple-unit dwellings. Motorola's system uses only residential-side low-voltage power lines for transmission to reduce the antenna effect, and successfully demonstrated frequency-notching for reduced potential for interference over the Amperion Inc. and Current Technologies LLC systems. Motorola invited the American Radio Relay League to participate with these tests, and even installed the Motorola system at their headquarters. Preliminary results were very positive with regard to interference, because the Motorola system does not use BPL on the powerlines leading up to the neighborhood. The BPL carrier is only used for the last leg of the trip from the pole to the house, and gets the signal to the pole via radio. This limits the interference to the area surrounding the last leg to the house. The following other BPL deployments in the US are dismantled as of May 2008: References Category:Computer networks Category:Broadband broadband over power line |
Monomeria Monomeria is a genus of orchids, with 3 recognized species native to Southeast Asia, China and the Himalayas. Monomeria barbata Lindl. - Guizhou, Tibet, Yunnan, Assam, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia Monomeria fengiana Ormerod - Yunnan Monomeria longipes (Rchb.f.) Aver. - Myanmar, Thailand References External links Category:Podochileae genera Category:Bulbophyllinae |
List of Love Hina soundtracks Love Hina soundtracks is composed of several compilations and they sold them in Japan (or in some countries) several years ago. Here, these soundtracks are composed of the following: Soundtracks Supplementary Soundtracks Original Sound File was released by King Records on September 21, 2000. The catalog number for the soundtrack is KICA-523/4. The album spent two weeks on the Oricon charts, reaching position 34. The Liner notes contain lyrics for the vocal tracks and a list of all the vocal songs recorded for the series and the dates they were recorded. On the First cd, Tracks 1 to 17 are known as , Tracks 18 to 31 are known as , and Tracks 32 to 45 are known as was the first vocal collection of the series and was released by King Records on March 16, 2001. The catalog number was KICA-533, and the album reached number 39 on the Oricon chart and stayed on the chart for 2 weeks. Hinata Girls Song Best 2 {{nihongo|Love Hina - Hinata Girls Song Best 2|ひなたガールズベストソングベスト2}} was released by King Records on October 3, 2001. The catalog number was KICA-557 and the album reached number 40 on the Oricon chart. Other soundtracks, singles, etc. These soundtracks are also implemented from the anime Love Hina'', although these albums will be available through digital distribution. Love Hina Again - Kirari Takaramono Single Love Hina Mini Album 1 (Naru, Shinobu, Mitsune) Love Hina Mini Album 2 (Naru, Motoko, Suu) Love Hina Mini Album 3 (Naru, Mutsumi, Sarah) Love Hina Okazaki Collection MP3 Love Hina Sakura Saku Love Hina Single - Kaitou Gentei CD Friendship Love Hina Spring Special Original Soundtrack References Category:Love Hina Love HIna |
Dendrocoelum italicum Dendrocoelum italicum is a cave-adapted freshwater planarian endemic to Bus del Budrio cave in the Italian Prealps. Discovery This planarian species was discovered by the Italian entomologist Mario Pavan on 18 October 1936 in a subterranean pool below a waterfall in Bus del Budrio cave in northern Italy. The specimens were sent to the Italian biologist Maffo Vialli, who described the species, naming it Dendrocoelum italicum. Human impact and habitat restoration During the 1980's, a pipe was installed in the cave, diverting the water that originated the waterfall to a nearby farm. As a consequence, the pool inhabited by D. italicum dried up permanently. The species survived in a very reduced environment formed by a small rivulet and some ponds created by water dripping from the roof of the cave. This critical situation was discovered in 2016 and led to a restoration program to save the species. On 3 December 2016, all planarians were removed from the rivulet and stored in plastic tanks inside the cave. Afterward, the pipe and its associated structure were removed from the cave, allowing the water to follow its natural curse and restoring the pool. On the next day, the planarians were released in the pool. The ecosystem was monitored until January 2018, when it was concluded that the restoration was successful and the population of D. italicum was stable. References External links Think of the worms, not only of the whales, or: how a planarian saved an ecosystem at Earthling Nature. Category:Dendrocoelidae |
Morganton, Tennessee Morganton was a community once located in Loudon County, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States. Although now submerged by Tellico Lake, during its heyday in the 19th century Morganton thrived as a flatboat port and regional business center. An important ferry operated at Morganton for nearly 170 years. Due largely to the decline in river trade that occurred in the mid-19th century with the construction of railroads in East Tennessee, Morganton was mostly deserted by the time the Tennessee Valley Authority started buying up property for the construction of Tellico Dam in the late 1960s. Today, the Morganton Cemetery, which overlooks the now-flooded townsite, is all that remains of the former town. A road and TWRA boat ramp are named for Morganton. Geographical setting The Little Tennessee River rises in the Appalachian Mountains of Georgia and meanders its way through southwestern North Carolina before entering Tennessee, where it flows for roughly before emptying into the Tennessee River near Lenoir City. The completion of Tellico Dam at the river's mouth in 1979 created a lake that spans the lower of the river. Morganton was located above the mouth of the Little Tennessee at the river's confluence with Bakers Creek, which flows westward from Maryville. The Morganton site is visible from the junction of East Coast Tellico Parkway and Morganton Road, just west of Greenback. The area is under the management of the Tennessee Valley Authority. History Early history, 1800-1860 The Morganton area was part of the lands ceded by the Cherokee with the signing of the First Treaty of Tellico in 1798. The first Euro-American settlers had arrived at the mouth of Bakers Creek in 1796, however, when the land was still claimed by the Cherokee. Several major villages of the Overhill Cherokee were located upstream from the Morganton site (the village of Mialoquo was situated just around Wears Bend, on the opposite side of the river), although most of these villages had either been destroyed or were in decline by the late 1790s. Ethnologist James Mooney recorded a Cherokee legend regarding curiously blazed trees on the banks "opposite Morganton" that supposedly marked the location of hidden mines. By 1799 a grist mill had been established along Bakers Creek by Hugh and Charles Kelso. The following year, Captain Robert Wear (1781-1846) arrived in the area, establishing a plantation near the mouth of the river and a ferry near the mouth of Bakers Creek. In 1801, an inspection port was established near the ferry, and the small community that developed in its vicinity became known as "Portville." The community of Portville incorporated in 1813 after the Kelso brothers donated land for the formation of a town square. The community chose the name "Morganton" after Gideon Morgan (1751–1830), a Revolutionary War veteran and prominent local merchant. By the 1830s, Morganton had grown to become the main shipping hub and business center in the Little Tennessee region. Flatboats carried local products such as whiskey and hemp to trade throughout the Tennessee Valley— and sometimes as far away as New Orleans— for products such as clothing, salt, and spices. By 1832, the town had its own doctor, hatter's shop, hemp factory, wagon factory, cabinet shop, distillery, and silversmith. A steamboat line connecting Morganton and Knoxville began operating in 1831. Decline, 1861-1967 In late 1863, at the height of the U.S. Civil War, Confederate General James Longstreet hoped to cross the Little Tennessee at Morganton en route from Chattanooga to Knoxville to dislodge the troops under the command of Ambrose Burnside, who had occupied Knoxville earlier in the year. Longstreet later recalled: Had the |
means been at hand for making proper moves I should have marched for the rear of Knoxville via Morganton and Marysville ... As Longstreet lacked the materials to construct a pontoon bridge, however, he was forced to cross the Tennessee River at Loudon, and approach from the west. That same year, however, Union General William T. Sherman crossed the Little Tennessee at Morganton en route to Chattanooga. Sherman tore down several of the town's houses to construct a pontoon bridge. After the Civil War, railroads slowly replaced riverboats as the preferred mode of shipping and transportation. When the L&N Railroad laid tracks through nearby Greenback in the late 19th century, Morganton slowly declined. In 1947, a bridge near Niles Ferry became toll-free, putting most of the ferries along the Little Tennessee River out of business. The Morganton Ferry was the last to go, folding in 1961. Archaeological survey, 1978 In 1968, the Tennessee Valley Authority reported 18 houses, a store, and a church at Morganton, all of which were to be torn down in anticipation of the construction of Tellico Dam. In 1978, as the Tellico Dam project was stalled by litigation, University of Tennessee archaeologists conducted a test survey of the Morganton townsite. Several early American artifacts were located, some dating to as early as 1762, as well as several projectile points. The artifacts were similar to those uncovered at the nearby Tellico Blockhouse site, which had been excavated around the same time. References Category:Geography of Loudon County, Tennessee Category:Archaeological sites in Tennessee Category:Sunken cities Category:Former populated places in Tennessee Category:1813 establishments in Tennessee |
Gilbert Car Company Gilbert Car Company was a railroad car builder based in Troy, New York. It began manufacturing streetcars in the late 1880s. Founded by Orsamus Eaton (1792-1872) and Uri Gilbert (1809-1888), the company changed names several times as the partnership changed: 1830 Eaton and Gilbert 1844 Eaton, Gilbert & Co 1862 Uri Gilbert and Son 1864 Gilbert, Bush & Company 1879 Gilbert & Bush Co 1882 Gilbert Car Manufacturing Co 1889 Taylor Electric Truck Company Following the Panic of 1893, the company stopped building rail cars in 1895. Products freight cars passenger cars drawing room cars sleepers monitor roof or clerestory (“clear-story”) cars horse cars See also List of rolling stock manufacturers References Category:Rolling stock manufacturers of the United States Category:Troy, New York Category:Manufacturing companies based in New York (state) Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1830 Category:1830 establishments in New York (state) |
Nimitta Thaveesupsoonthorn Nimitta Thaveesupsoonthorn (; born October 17, 1989 in Bangkok) is a Thai former swimmer, who specialized in long-distance freestyle and individual medley events. She represented her nation Thailand in two editions of the Olympic Games (2004 and 2008), and also won a career total of four medals, one gold and three bronzes, at the Southeast Asian Games (2005 and 2007). Thaveesupsoonthorn made her first Thai team, as a fourteen-year-old, at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, competing in the women's 400 m individual medley. Despite failing to overhaul the five-minute barrier, Thaveesupsoonthorn stormed home with a powerful swim throughout the race to a victory in heat one over Bulgaria's Ana Dangalakova and Algeria's Sabria Dahane, but her lifetime best of 5:00.06 would be enough to put the Thai rising stalwart to twenty-second overall position. At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Thaveesupsoonthorn qualified for the second time in the women's 400 m individual medley by clearing a FINA B-cut of 4:54.47 from the Malaysia Open Championships four months earlier in Kuala Lumpur. Swimming in the same heat as the previous Games, Thaveesupsoonthorn struggled through the race for another Olympic victory in heat one, and then eventually faded on the freestyle lap to last place in a field of thirty-seven with a time of 5:02.18. References External links NBC Olympics Profile Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:Thai female swimmers Category:Olympic swimmers of Thailand Category:Swimmers at the 2004 Summer Olympics Category:Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics Category:Swimmers at the 2006 Asian Games Category:Female medley swimmers Category:People from Bangkok Category:Southeast Asian Games medalists in swimming Category:Southeast Asian Games gold medalists for Thailand Category:Southeast Asian Games bronze medalists for Thailand Category:Competitors at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games Category:Competitors at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games Category:Asian Games competitors for Thailand |
Northern Girl Northern Girl or Northern Girls may refer to: Northern Girls (北妹, Bei Mei), prize-winning novel by Sheng Keyi Northern Girl (Prime Minister song) "Northern Girl", song by Terri Clark, single from Roots and Wings (Terri Clark album) |
Koefnoen Koefnoen (say: koof noon) was a popular Dutch television show, aired by the AVRO between 2004 and 2016. The first episode aired on 17 September 2004. The sketches on this show were taking a look at the past week. Most characters in Koefnoen were done by Dutch comedians Owen Schumacher and Paul Groot. A few other comedians supported them in the show. A lot of these comedians previously worked for Kopspijkers, another Dutch television show. 'Koefnoen' is a Dutch-Yiddish word and means "for free". The word comes from 'kuf' and 'nun', the names of two Hebrew letters, equal to 'K' and 'N' which are the first letters of the words "Kost Niks", Dutch for "costs nothing". External links Koefnoen on the AVRO's official website Category:Dutch comedy television series Category:2004 Dutch television series debuts Category:Dutch satirical television programmes Category:Dutch television sketch shows Category:Dutch political satire |
Pinesdale, Montana Pinesdale is a town in Ravalli County, Montana, United States. The population was 917 at the 2010 census. Geography Pinesdale is located at (46.334272, -114.222895). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land. Demographics 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 917 people, 178 households, and 163 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 194 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.6% White, 0.3% African American, 0.5% Native American, 1.4% from other races, and 0.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.7% of the population. There were 178 households of which 74.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.4% were married couples living together, 30.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 8.4% were non-families. 8.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 5.15 and the average family size was 5.44. The median age in the town was 16.1 years. 55.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.6% were from 25 to 44; 10.5% were from 45 to 64; and 4.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.5% male and 52.5% female. 2000 census As of the census of 2000, there were 742 people, 139 households, and 128 families living in the town. The population density was 567.0 people per square mile (218.7/km²). There were 149 housing units at an average density of 113.9 per square mile (43.9/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.71% White, 0.13% Native American, and 2.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.96% of the population. There were 139 households out of which 72.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 34.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 7.9% were non-families. 7.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 5.34 and the average family size was 5.66. In the town, the population was spread out with 59.7% under the age of 18, 12.0% from 18 to 24, 15.2% from 25 to 44, 9.3% from 45 to 64, and 3.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 15 years. For every 100 females there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 69.9 males. The median income for a household in the town was $26,528, and the median income for a family was $27,361. Males had a median income of $23,333 versus $17,857 for females. The per capita income for the town was $5,051. About 31.1% of families and 35.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.8% of those under age 18 and 11.1% of those age 65 or over. Religion The majority of the residents of Pinesdale are members of the Apostolic United Brethren. The community once included Alex Joseph, who later became the first Libertarian mayor in the United States. References Category:Towns in Ravalli County, Montana Category:Populated places established in 1983 |
Paweł Bochniewicz Paweł Bochniewicz (born 30 January 1996) is a Polish footballer who plays as a defender for Górnik Zabrze. Club career Bochniewicz started his career in his hometown club, Wisłoka Dębica. In 2010, he joined the youth team of Stal Mielec. Two years later his talent was spotted by Reggina Calcio scouts and he moved to Italy. On 22 March 2014, he made his senior debut in Serie B, coming on as a substitute in the 66th minute against Empoli. On 6 June 2014, he joined Serie A club Udinese. On 20 January 2018, Udinese announced that Bochniewicz has been loaned to Polish club Górnik Zabrze for the remainder of the season. References External links Category:1996 births Category:Living people Category:People from Dębica Category:Sportspeople from Podkarpackie Voivodeship Category:Association football defenders Category:Polish footballers Category:Polish expatriate footballers Category:Poland youth international footballers Category:Poland international footballers Category:Reggina 1914 players Category:Udinese Calcio players Category:Club Recreativo Granada players Category:Górnik Zabrze players Category:Ekstraklasa players Category:Serie B players Category:Segunda División B players Category:Expatriate footballers in Italy Category:Expatriate footballers in Spain Category:Polish expatriate sportspeople in Italy Category:Polish expatriate sportspeople in Spain |
FCW Divas Championship The FCW Divas Championship was a women's professional wrestling championship owned and promoted by Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), a former developmental territory of WWE. It was contested for in their women's division. A tournament was held to determine the inaugural champion. The first champion was Naomi Knight who won an eight-woman tournament on June 10, 2010, by defeating Serena in the tournament finals. There were six reigns shared between six wrestlers, and one vacancy. In August 2012, the championship was retired when FCW was re-branded to NXT Wrestling. The final champion was Caylee Turner, however due to her August 2012 release, the championship was already vacated when it was deactivated as a result of the re-branding. The title was replaced the following year with the NXT Women's Championship. Tournament A tournament was held at the FCW television tapings from April to June 2010 to determinate the inaugural champion. Title history See also Queen of FCW References Category:State professional wrestling championships Category:WWE women's championships Divas Championship |
Canoeing at the 2018 Asian Games – Women's slalom K-1 The women's slalom K-1 (kayak single) competition at the 2018 Asian Games was held from 21 to 22 August 2018. Each NOC could enter two athletes but only one of them could advance to the final. Schedule All times are Western Indonesia Time (UTC+07:00) Results Legend DNF — Did not finish DNS — Did not start Heats Semifinal Final References External links Official website Women's slalom K-1 |
2018–19 Deodhar Trophy The 2018–19 Deodhar Trophy was the 46th edition of the Deodhar Trophy, a List A cricket competition in India. It was contested between three teams selected by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). It was played from 23 to 27 October 2018. India C won the tournament by defeating India B by 29 runs in the final. Squads Group Stage Points table Matches Final References Category:2018 in Indian cricket Category:Professional 50-over cricket competitions Category:Deodhar Trophy |
The Mambo Kings The Mambo Kings is a 1992 French–American musical drama film based on the 1989 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love by Oscar Hijuelos. Directed by Arne Glimcher, the film stars Armand Assante, Antonio Banderas, Cathy Moriarty and Maruschka Detmers. Set in the early 1950s, the story follows Cesar (Assante) and Nestor Castillo (Banderas), brothers and aspiring musicians who flee from Havana, Cuba to New York City in the hopes of reviving their failed musical careers. The film marks Glimcher's directing debut, and features Banderas in his first English-language role. Glimcher purchased the film rights one year before the novel was published, and hired Cynthia Cidre to write the script. The film was rejected by several studios, and after an unsuccessful pre-production at Universal Pictures, the project moved to Warner Bros. The film's principal photography began in March 1991, and concluded after 50 days. It was shot in Los Angeles, California with a budget of $15.5 million jointly financed by Warner Bros., Le Studio Canal+ and Regency Enterprises. The following year, the film premiered at the Miami International Film Festival on February 7, 1992. The Mambo Kings opened in limited release on February 28, 1992, and grossed $6.7 million during its North American theatrical run. It received mostly positive reviews, with particular praise for Glimcher's direction, the story, music and visuals. For its original song "Beautiful Maria of My Soul", the film received Academy Award and Golden Globe Award nominations in Best Original Song categories. Plot In the early 1950s, Cuban brothers and musicians Cesar and Nestor Castillo flee from Havana, Cuba after getting into a violent dispute with the mobster owners of a club where they performed. Eventually ending up in New York City, the brothers work at menial jobs while attempting to revive their musical careers. At a nightclub where Cesar briefly crashes the act of mambo star Tito Puente, they make new friends and connections, as well as meeting cigarette girl Lanna Lake, who falls quickly into a love affair with Cesar. Nestor, in the meantime, remains oblivious to other women while continually composing his ode to his lost Cuban love, Maria. He writes version after version of the same ballad, "Beautiful Maria of My Soul", until by chance one day he encounters Delores, a shy but attentive young woman who wishes to become a schoolteacher. When she becomes pregnant, they decide to get married. Fate intervenes one night at a club, where the Castillo brothers have a part-time job. Nestor's love ballad captures the interest of one of the customers, who turns out to be the Cuban bandleader and American television star Desi Arnaz. After a pleasant evening in Nestor and Delores's home, Arnaz invites the struggling Castillos to sing and act on an episode of his sitcom series, I Love Lucy. Fame does not last, however. Nestor is not as ambitious as his brother and desires nothing more than to own his own small club. He is in love with Delores, but lacks the passion he felt for his beloved Maria back home. Cesar suppresses his true feelings, believing that a woman like Delores would actually be perfect for him. He reveals to Nestor that Maria left him for a Cuban mobster in exchange for cancelling a contract hit against Nestor. One snowy night, the Castillo brothers' car veers off the road and into a tree. Cesar, in the back seat of the vehicle, is barely hurt, but Nestor, who was driving the vehicle, is killed. To honor his brother's memory, a devastated Cesar opens his own small club. |
Delores pays him a visit and asks him to sing "Beautiful Maria of My Soul". Cast Production Development Arne Glimcher, an art dealer based in New York City and a fan of mambo music, learned that his longtime friend Oscar Hijuelos was writing a novel relating to the latter subject. After reading a manuscript of Hijuelos's novel The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love, Glimcher purchased the film rights in 1988, one year before the book was published. He also appointed himself as director, believing that he was the only person capable of successfully adapting the book to film. Glimcher later hired Cuban-born screenwriter Cynthia Cidre to write the film adaptation. Cidre spent eighteen months working on the screenplay, and after 24 drafts, she had stripped the story down to cover only half of Hijuelos's 407-page book. While the book spans several decades, events in the film take place from 1952 to 1955. Various studios rejected the film, resulting in Glimcher paying the crew's salaries with his own money. When the project moved to Universal Pictures, Glimcher tried to convince the studio's president Tom Pollock to financially back it with a low budget. Before production could begin, Pollock insisted that footage from the television series I Love Lucy be a key part of the film. Following Lucille Ball's death in 1989, Glimcher contacted her children Lucie Arnaz and Desi Arnaz, Jr., requesting the rights to use footage from the television series, but was denied by the two siblings. Shortly after, Universal dropped the film due to budget disputes. In 1990, Glimcher wrote a letter to Arnaz, Jr., asking that he reconsider, and the two men reached an agreement. The project was picked up by Warner Bros. after Glimcher met with the studio's president Terry Semel. Semel then introduced Glimcher to producer Arnon Milchan, whose production company Regency Enterprises agreed to co-finance the film with Warner Bros. and the French-based Le Studio Canal+. Casting Armand Assante and Antonio Banderas were Glimcher's ideal choices for the roles of Cesar and Nestor Castillo. Assante had appeared in a number of films but had not yet broken out as a major star. Banderas, an established Spanish actor, had moved to Los Angeles, California, hoping to make an international debut with his first English speaking role. Warner Bros. wanted to cast Jeremy Irons as Cesar and Ray Liotta as Nestor. Both actors had received critical acclaim for their respective performances in the 1990 films Reversal of Fortune and Goodfellas, and the studio felt that they would appeal to a wide audience. Through a translator, Glimcher told Banderas to work on improving his English for one month before performing a screen test opposite Irons. Banderas learned his lines phonetically and worked with a dialect coach during pre-production and filming. Although Warner Bros. loved Irons's screen test, Glimcher thought he was wrong for the part and insisted on Assante. The director felt that Assante had brought both charm and seductiveness to the role of Cesar, and the studio relented. Cathy Moriarty was the only actress that Glimcher considered for the role of Lanna Lake, based on her performance in Raging Bull (1980). He stated, "I wanted a woman rather than a girl. I wanted a character who had lived, who had scars, who had beauty and dignity. I thought of Cathy's life, and I thought of how it worked for the character as well." Annabella Sciorra was originally cast as Delores, but left the production due to a scheduling conflict. The role then went to Dutch actress Maruschka Detmers, who was cast just two weeks prior to |
filming. Detmers appears in her American film debut. In securing the rights to use footage from I Love Lucy, Glimcher convinced Desi Arnaz, Jr. to portray his late father Desi Arnaz. To prepare for the role, Arnaz, Jr. dyed his hair black and wore an ID bracelet, ring and pin, all of which had belonged to his father. "I wasn't trying to look exactly like him," he explained. "It was more about getting his essence and mannerisms." In an effort to re-create the mambo world of the 1950s, Glimcher cast musicians Tito Puente and Celia Cruz in supporting roles. Filming Principal photography commenced on March 18, 1991. The film was made with a budget of $15.5 million, and shot on location in Los Angeles, California, which doubled for scenes set in a 1950s-era New York City. Cinematographer Michael Ballhaus shot the film using Arriflex 535 cameras. For the film's visual style, production designer Stuart Wurtzel was influenced by 1950s photographs and the 1955 film Mambo Madness. Costume designer Ann Roth used vintage textiles to create the custom-made wardrobe. The production first shot scenes at Ren-Mar Studios, the former site of Desilu Productions. The location was used to recreate the living room and Tropicana nightclub sets from I Love Lucy. Lucille Ball's appearance from the 1952 episode "Cuban Pals" was intercut with the newly shot footage. The Ambassador Hotel was used to recreate the Palladium Ballroom, a former New York City concert hall. The Embassy Theatre in downtown Los Angeles depicted a nightclub known as Club Babalu, while the Tower Theatre doubled for scenes set in the fictional Empire Ballroom. A meat-packaging plant in Vernon was used for scenes set in the Castillo brothers' workplace. The filmmakers also shot scenes in San Marino, where Lacy Park doubled for scenes set in New York City's Central Park. Scenes set in Mexico were shot on location in Westward Beach in Malibu. Principal photography concluded after 50 days of filming. Music and soundtrack Assante and Banderas did their own singing, and studied to master the instruments their characters use in the film. Assante practiced on drums, preparing for a scene in which his character plays a musical number with Tito Puente. Banderas worked to mimic the correct posture and finger placements for his character's trumpet performances, while the actual playing was performed by Arturo Sandoval. Executive music producer Robert Kraft used existing music from the 1950s, all of which had to be re-recorded, as they were originally recorded in mono sound. The song "Beautiful Maria of My Soul" was written for the film by Glimcher, and composed by Kraft. The original soundtrack album was released in 1991 by Elektra Records. It features a number of original master recordings, re-recorded tracks and mambo-themed songs performed by Sandoval, Tito Puente and Celia Cruz. The soundtrack was re-released on February 1, 2000, and features a remix of the Puente song "Ran Kan Kan" performed by Olga Tañón. and an alternate version of "Beautiful Maria of My Soul" performed by Banderas and Compay Segundo. A remastered version of the soundtrack was released on June 30, 2017, by the record label Varèse Sarabande. AllMusic's Al Campbell awarded the soundtrack four stars out of five and praised it for "providing an excellent introduction to Latin music". Release Warner Bros. originally planned a theatrical release on December 25, 1991 but it was pushed back due to post-production delays. The Mambo Kings premiered at the Miami International Film Festival on February 7, 1992 before opening in limited release on February 28, 1992. The film expanded to 185 screens on March 13, 1992. |
By the end of its theatrical run, The Mambo Kings grossed $6,742,168 in North America, well below its $15.5 million budget. The film was released on VHS and laserdisc on September 2, 1992, and on DVD on August 17, 2005. The DVD includes an unrated version of the film that restores a deleted scene. Other features include a behind-the-scenes featurette and an audio commentary by Glimcher. Critical response The review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes sampled 26 reviews, and gave the film a score of 81%, with an average score of 6.6 out of 10. The film received mostly positive reviews. Peter Travers of Rolling Stone wrote that the film "runs on pure emotion", and "celebrates the mysterious power of a music that can make you feel like dancing and bring you to your knees." Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote that the film's "story is as old as the movies, but The Mambo Kings is so filled with energy, passion and heedless vitality that it seems new, anyway." Ebert and his colleague, Gene Siskel, gave the film a "Two Thumbs Up" rating on their syndicated television program, Siskel and Ebert and the Movies. Rita Kempley of The Washington Post praised the film's director, writing that "Glimcher shows an epicure's taste in his choice of both cast and crew. The look of "The Mambo Kings" is doubtless richer than the text, which is, however, strengthened by Glimcher's nostalgia for the teenage, eager America of the 1950s." Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote, "The Mambo Kings is most fun when it practically dares you to swoon. It's a movie you don't have to believe to enjoy." Betty Goodwin of the Los Angeles Times praised the film's visual style: "The innocence of the pre-MTV '50s mambo scene is expressed through meticulously real details and honest styling." Desson Howe of The Washington Post wrote a mixed review, writing that the film is "beautifully filmed and flashily edited", but that it "has nothing to offer." Vincent Canby of The New York Times, gave the film a negative review, writing, "There are times when the director doesn't even seem to know where to put the camera. Scenes unravel without dramatic point. No amount of breathless editing and fancy graphics can disguise the amateur nature of the enterprise." In The Philadelphia Inquirer, Roger E. Hernandez criticized the film for its portrayal of Cubans. Hernandez wrote, "The main problem here was the accents. The characters were supposed to be Cuban, but, with the exception of salsa star Celia Cruz, none sounded it." Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times criticized Glimcher's direction, writing in his review, "...when it comes to directing dramatic sequences, he is on his own and lacking in resources to make what drama there is come to a coherent or meaningful point." Desi Arnaz Jr. voiced his support of the film, stating that he and his sister Lucie Arnaz, "loved the story being told in this movie." Arnaz, Jr. said, "It is an amazing saga of people in search of the American dream. It is my father`s story. It is the story of many people who came to this country with hopes and dreams." Tito Puente praised the film prior to its theatrical release, stating, "I've seen the movie twice, and I loved it the second time. The first time I couldn't get into it. I was watching for too many details, I guess. But now I've seen it a second time, and I think it's great." Accolades The song "Beautiful Maria of My Soul" received a Best Original Song nomination at the 65th |
Academy Awards. It was also nominated at the 50th Golden Globe Awards for Best Original Song, and at the 35th Grammy Awards for "Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television" category. The film received a second Grammy nomination for "Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television" for the song "Mambo Caliente" which was composed by Arturo Sandoval. Stage play The Mambo Kings inspired a musical stage play of the same name in 2005. It was produced by Daryl Roth and Jordan Roth, with lyrics by Arne Glimcher and music by Carlos Franzetti. The Mambo Kings premiered at the Golden Gate Theatre in San Francisco, California, opening on May 31, 2005. The stage version featured Esai Morales and Jaime Camil as Cesar and Nestor Castillo, with supporting performers including Christiane Noll, David Alan Grier, Cote de Pablo, Albita and Justina Machado. The production cancelled plans to open on Broadway theatre after a critically panned tryout engagement in San Francisco. References External links Category:1992 films Category:1990s musical drama films Category:American musical drama films Category:American films Category:Directorial debut films Category:English-language films Category:Films based on American novels Category:Films directed by Arne Glimcher Category:Films set in the 1950s Category:Films set in Cuba Category:Films set in New York City Category:French drama films Category:Regency Enterprises films Category:StudioCanal films Category:French films |
Federal Intelligence Service The Federal Intelligence Service (German: ; , BND) is the foreign intelligence agency of Germany, directly subordinated to the Chancellor's Office. The BND headquarters is located in central Berlin and is the world's largest intelligence headquarters. The BND has 300 locations in Germany and foreign countries. In 2016, it employed around 6,500 people; 10% of them are military personnel who are formally employed by the Office for Military Sciences. The BND is the largest agency of the German Intelligence Community. The BND was founded during the Cold War in 1956 as the official foreign intelligence agency of West Germany, which had recently joined NATO, and in close cooperation with the CIA. It was the successor to the earlier Gehlen Organization, often known simply as "The Organization" or "The Org.", a West German intelligence organization affiliated with the CIA whose existence had not been officially acknowledged. The most central figure in the BND's history was Reinhard Gehlen, the leader of the Gehlen Organization and later the founding president of the BND, who was regarded as "one of the most legendary Cold War spymasters." From the early days of the Cold War the Gehlen Organization and later the BND had an intimate cooperation with the CIA, and often was the western intelligence community's only eyes and ears on the ground in the eastern bloc. The BND is also regarded as one of the best informed intelligence services in regards to the Middle East from the 1960s. The BND was quickly established as the western world's second largest intelligency agency, second only to the CIA. Both Russia and the Middle East remain important focuses of the BND's activities, in addition to violent non-state actors. The BND today acts as an early warning system to alert the German government to threats to German interests from abroad. It depends heavily on wiretapping and electronic surveillance of international communications. It collects and evaluates information on a variety of areas such as international non-state terrorism, weapons of mass destruction proliferation and illegal transfer of technology, organized crime, weapons and drug trafficking, money laundering, illegal migration and information warfare. As Germany's only overseas intelligence service, the BND gathers both military and civil intelligence. While the (KSA) of the also fulfills this mission, it is not an intelligence service. There is close cooperation between the BND and the KSA. The domestic secret service counterparts of the BND are the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (, or BfV) and 16 counterparts at the state level (State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution); there is also a separate military intelligence organisation, the (MAD, Military Counterintelligence Service). History The predecessor of the BND was the German eastern military intelligence agency during World War II, the or FHO Section in the General Staff, led by Major General Reinhard Gehlen. Its main purpose was to collect information on the Red Army. After the war Gehlen worked with the U.S. occupation forces in West Germany. In 1946 he set up an intelligence agency informally known as the Gehlen Organization or simply "The Org" and recruited some of his former co-workers. Many had been operatives of Admiral Wilhelm Canaris' wartime (counter-intelligence) organization, but Gehlen also recruited people from the former (SD), SS and Gestapo, after their release by the Allies. The latter recruits were later controversial because the SS and its associated groups were notoriously the perpetrators of many Nazi atrocities during the war. The organization worked at first almost exclusively for the CIA, which contributed funding, equipment, cars, gasoline and other materials. On 1 April 1956 the Bundesnachrichtendienst |
was created from the Gehlen Organization, and was transferred to the West German government, with all staff. Reinhard Gehlen became President of the BND and remained its head until 1968. Criticism Several publications have criticized Gehlen and his organizations for hiring ex-Nazis. An article in The Independent on 29 June 2018 made this statement about some of the BND employees: "Operating until 1956, when it was superseded by the BND, the Gehlen Organisation was allowed to employ at least 100 former Gestapo or SS officers. ... Among them were Adolf Eichmann’s deputy Alois Brunner, who would go on to die of old age despite having sent more than 100,000 Jews to ghettos or internment camps, and ex-SS major Emil Augsburg. ... Many ex-Nazi functionaries including Silberbauer, the captor of Anne Frank, transferred over from the Gehlen Organisation to the BND. ... Instead of expelling them, the BND even seems to have been willing to recruit more of them – at least for a few years". The authors of the book A Nazi Past: Recasting German Identity in Postwar Europe state that Reichard Gehlen simply did not want to know the backgrounds of the men that the BND hired in the 1950s. The American National Security Archive states that "he employed numerous former Nazis and known war criminals". On the other hand, Gehlen himself was cleared by James H. Critchfield of the Central Intelligence Agency who worked with the Gehlen Organization from 1949 to 1956. In 2001, he said that "almost everything negative that has been written about Gehlen, [as an] ardent ex-Nazi, one of Hitler's war criminals ... is all far from the fact," as quoted in the Washington Post. Critchfield added that Gehlen hired former Sicherheitsdienst (Security Service of the Reichsführer-SS) men "reluctantly, under pressure from German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer to deal with 'the avalanche of subversion hitting them from East Germany'" Operations 1960s In the first years of oversight by the State Secretary in the federal chancellery of Konrad Adenauer of the operation in Pullach, Munich District, Bavaria, the BND continued the ways of its forebear, the Gehlen Organization. The BND racked up its initial East-West cold war successes by concentrating on East Germany. The BND's reach encompassed the highest political and military levels of the GDR regime. They knew the carrying capacity of every bridge, the bed count of every hospital, the length of every airfield, the width and level of maintenance of the roads that Soviet armor and infantry divisions would have to traverse in a potential attack on the West. Almost every sphere of eastern life was known to the BND. Unsung analysts at Pullach, with their contacts in the East, figuratively functioned as flies on the wall in ministries and military conferences. When the Soviet KGB suspected an East German army intelligence officer, a lieutenant colonel and BND agent, of spying, the Soviets investigated and shadowed him. The BND was positioned and able to inject forged reports implying that the loose spy was actually the KGB investigator, who was then arrested by the Soviets and shipped off to Moscow. Not knowing how long the caper would stay under wraps, the real spy was told to be ready for recall; he made his move to the West at the appropriate time. The East German regime, however, fought back. With still unhindered flight to the west a possibility, infiltration started on a grand scale and a reversal of sorts took hold. During the early 1960s as many as 90% of the BND's lower-level informants in East Germany worked as double agents for the East German security |
service, later known as Stasi. Several informants in East Berlin reported in June and July 1961 of street closures, clearing of fields, accumulation of building materials and police and army deployments in specific parts of the eastern sector, as well as other measures that BND determined could lead to a division of the city. However, the agency was reluctant to report communist initiatives and had no knowledge of the scope and timing because of conflicting inputs. The erection of the Berlin Wall on 13 August 1961 thus came as a surprise, and the BND's performance in the political field was thereafter often wrong and remained spotty and unimpressive. "This negative view of BND was certainly not justified during … [1967 and] 1968." The BND's military work "had been outstanding", and in certain sectors of the intelligence field the BND still showed brilliance: in Latin America and in the Middle East it was regarded as the best-informed secret service. The BND offered a fair and reliable amount of intelligence on Soviet and Soviet-bloc forces in Eastern Europe, regarding the elaboration of a NATO warning system against any Soviet operations against NATO territory, in close cooperation with the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces). One high point of BND intelligence work culminated in its early June 1967 forecast – almost to the hour – of the outbreak of the Six-Day War in the Middle East on 5 June 1967. According to declassified transcripts of a United States National Security Council meeting on 2 June 1967, CIA Director Richard Helms interrupted Secretary of State Dean Rusk with "reliable information" – contrary to Rusk's presentation – that the Israelis would attack on a certain day and time. Rusk shot back: "That is quite out of the question. Our ambassador in Tel Aviv assured me only yesterday that everything was normal." Helms replied: "I am sorry, but I adhere to my opinion. The Israelis will strike and their object will be to end the war in their favor with extreme rapidity." President Lyndon Johnson then asked Helms for the source of his information. Helms said: "Mr. President, I have it from an allied secret service. The report is absolutely reliable." Helms' information came from the BND. A further laudable success involved the BND's activity during the Czech crisis in 1968; by then, the agency was led by the second president, Gerhard Wessel. With Pullach cryptography fully functioning, the BND predicted an invasion of Soviet and other Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia. CIA analysts on the other hand did not support the notion of "fraternal assistance" by the satellite states of Moscow; and US ambassador to the Soviet Union, Llewellyn Thompson, quite irritated, called the secret BND report he was given "a German fabrication". At 23:11 on 20 August 1968, BND radar operators first observed abnormal activity over Czech airspace. An agent on the ground in Prague called a BND out-station in Bavaria: "The Russians are coming." Warsaw Pact forces had moved as forecast. However, the slowly sinking efficiency of BND in the last years of Reinhard Gehlen became evident. By 1961, it was clear that the BND employed some men who were Soviet "moles"; they had come from the earlier Gehlen Organization. One mole, Heinz Felfe, was convicted of treason in 1963. Others were not uncovered during Gehlen's term in office. Gehlen's refusal to correct reports with questionable content strained the organization's credibility, and dazzling achievements became an infrequent commodity. A veteran agent remarked at the time that the BND pond then contained some sardines, though a few years earlier the pond had been alive with sharks. |
The fact that the BND could score certain successes despite East German communist Stasi interference, internal malpractice, inefficiencies and infighting, was primarily due to select members of the staff who took it upon themselves to step up and overcome then existing maladies. Abdication of responsibility by Reinhard Gehlen was the malignancy; cronyism remained pervasive, even nepotism (at one time Gehlen had 16 members of his extended family on the BND payroll). Only slowly did the younger generation then advance to substitute new ideas for some of the bad habits caused mainly by Gehlen's semi-retired attitude and frequent holiday absences. Gehlen was forced out in April 1968 due to "political scandal within the ranks", according to one source. His successor, Bundeswehr Brigadier General Gerhard Wessel, immediately called for a program of modernization and streamlining. With political changes in the West German government and a reflection that BND was at a low level of efficiency, the service began to rebuild. Years later, Wessel's obituary in the Los Angeles Times, reported that he "is credited with modernizing the BND by hiring academic analysts and electronics specialists". Reinhard Gehlen's memoirs, The Service, The Memoirs of General Reinhard Gehlen (English title), were published in 1977, (World Publishers, New York). A Review of the book published by the CIA makes this comment about Gehlen's achievements and management style: "Gehlen's descriptions of most of his so-called successes in the political intelligence field are, in my opinion, either wishful thinking or self-delusion. ... Gehlen was never a good clandestine operator, nor was he a particularly good administrator. And therein lay his failures. The Gehlen Organization/BND always had a good record in the collection of military and economic intelligence on East Germany and the Soviet forces there. But this information, for the most part, came from observation and not from clandestine penetration". 1970s The agency's second President, Gerhard Wessel, retired in 1978. According to his obituary in the Los Angeles Times in August 2002, the "former intelligence officer in Adolf Hitler’s anti-Soviet spy operations" ... "is credited with modernizing the BND by hiring academic analysts and electronics specialists". The New York Times News Service obituary lauded the BND's many successes under Wessel but noted that there had been "a number of incidents of East Germans infiltrating the West German government, particularly intelligence agencies, on Gen. Wessel's watch". Munich Olympic bombings The kidnapping and murder of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Olympics in Munich was a watershed event for the BND, following early warnings from other countries, because it led the agency to build counter-terrorism capabilities. 1980s Libyan bombings in Germany In 1986, the BND deciphered the report of the Libyan Embassy in East Berlin regarding the "successful" implementation of the 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing. 1990s Spying on journalists In 2005, a public scandal erupted (dubbed the Journalistenskandal, journalists scandal) over revelations that the BND had placed a number of German journalists under surveillance since the-mid 1990s, in an attempt to discover the source of information leaks from the BND regarding the activities of the service in connection with the war in Iraq and the "war against terror". The Bundestag constituted an investigative committee ("Parlamentarischer Untersuchungsausschuss") to investigate the allegations. The committee tasked the former Federal Appellate Court (Bundesgerichtshof) judge Dr. as special investigator, who published a report confirming illegal BND operations involving and targeting journalists between 1993 and 2005. As a consequence, the Chancellery issued an executive order banning BND operational measures against journalists with the aim to protect the service. The committee published a final report in 2009, which mostly confirmed the allegations, identifying the intent to protect |
the BND from disclosure of classified information and finding a lack of oversight within the senior leadership of the service but did not identify any responsible members from within the government. Tiitinen list In 1990, BND gave the Finnish Security Intelligence Service the so-called Tiitinen list—which supposedly contains names of Finns who were believed to have links to Stasi. The list was classified and locked in a safe after the Director of the Finnish Security Intelligence Service, Seppo Tiitinen, and the President of Finland, Mauno Koivisto, determined that it was based on vague hints instead of hard evidence. 2000s Promoting the invasion of Iraq On 5 February 2003, Colin Powell made the case for a military attack on Iraq in front of the UN Security Council. Powell supported his case with information received from the BND, instead of Mr. Hans Blix and the IAEA. The BND had collected intelligence from an informant known as Rafid al-Janabi alias CURVEBALL, who claimed Iraq would be in possession of Weapons of Mass Destruction, apart from torturing and killing over 1,000 dissidents each year, for over 20 years. Rafid was employed before and after the 2003 incident which ultimately led to the invasion of Iraq. The payments of 3,000 Euros monthly were made by a cover firm called Thiele und Friedrichs (Munich). As a result of the premature cancellation, al-Janabi filed a lawsuit at the Munich industrial court and won the case. Israel vs. Lebanon Following the 2006 Lebanon War, the BND mediated secret negotiations between Israel and Hezbollah, eventually leading up to the 2008 Israel–Hezbollah prisoner exchange. Fighting tax evasion In the beginning of 2008, it was revealed that the BND had managed to recruit excellent sources within Liechtenstein banks and had been conducting espionage operations in the principality since the beginning of the 2000s. The BND mediated the German Finance Ministry's $7.3 million acquisition of a CD from a former employee of the LGT Group – a Liechtenstein bank owned by the country's ruling family. While the Finance Ministry defends the deal, saying it would result in several hundred millions of dollars in back tax payments, the sale remains controversial, as a government agency has paid for possibly stolen data. See 2008 Liechtenstein tax affair. Kosovo In November 2008, three German BND agents were arrested in Kosovo for allegedly throwing a bomb at the European Union International Civilian Office, which oversees Kosovo's governance. Later the "Army of the Republic of Kosovo" had accepted responsibility for the bomb attack. Laboratory tests had shown no evidence of the BND agents' involvement. However, the Germans were released only 10 days after they were arrested. It was suspected that the arrest was a revenge by Kosovo authorities for the BND report about organized crime in Kosovo which accuses Kosovo Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi, as well as the former Prime Minister Ramush Haradinaj of far-reaching involvement in organized crime. Austria According to reporting in Der Standard and profil, the BND engaged in espionage in Austria between 1999 and 2006, spying on targets including the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, the Austria Press Agency, embassies, and Austrian banks and government ministries. The government of Austria has called on Germany to clarify the allegations. 2010s In 2014, an employee of BND was arrested for handing over secret documents to the United States. He was suspected of handing over documents about the committee investigating the NSA spying in Germany. The German government responded to this espionage by expelling the top CIA official in Berlin. In December 2016, WikiLeaks published 2,420 documents from the BND |
and the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV). The published materials had been submitted in 2015 as part of a German parliamentary inquiry into the surveillance activities of the BND and its cooperation with the US National Security Agency. New headquarters The new BND headquarters in Berlin, near the former Berlin Wall, was completed in 2017. At the official opening in February 2019, Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany, made this statement: "In an often very confusing world, now, more urgently than ever, Germany needs a strong and efficient foreign intelligence service". At the time, some 4,000 employees were expected to work from this location, moving here from the former headquarters in Pullach, a suburb of Munich. The agency's total number of employees, in Germany and other countries, was approximately 6,500. Telephone surveillance The BND has been reported to store 220 million sets of metadata every day. That is, they record with whom, when, where and for how long someone communicates. This data is supposedly collected across the world, but the exact locations remains unclear to this date. The Bundestag committee investigating the NSA spying scandal has uncovered that the German intelligence agency intercepts communications traveling via both satellites and Internet cables. It seems certain that the metadata only come from "foreign dialed traffic," that is, from telephone conversations and text messages that are held and sent via mobile phones and satellites. Of these 220 million data amassed every day, one percent is archived for 10 years "for long-term analysis." Apparently though, this long-term storage doesn't hold any Internet communications, data from social networks, or emails. Structure The Bundesnachrichtendienst is divided into the following directorates: Regionale Auswertung und Beschaffung A (LA) und Regionale Auswertung und Beschaffung B (LB) (Regional Analysis and Procurement, A/B countries) Internationaler Terrorismus und Internationale Organisierte Kriminalität (TE) (Terrorism and International Organised Crime) Proliferation, ABC-Waffen, Wehrtechnik (TW) (Proliferation, NBC Weapons) Technische Aufklärung (TA) (Signal Intelligence) Gesamtlage und unterstützende Fachdienste (GU) (Situation Centre) Innerer Dienst (ID) (Internal Services) Informationstechnik (IT) (Information Technology) Zentralabteilung (ZY) (Central Services) Eigensicherung (SI) (Security) Umzug (UM) (Relocation [to Berlin]) Presidents of the BND The head of the Bundesnachrichtendienst is its President. The following persons have held this office since 1956: The president of the BND is a federal Beamter paid according to BBesO order B, B9, which is in payment the equivalent of a lieutenant general. Deputy The President of the BND has three deputies: one Vice President, one Vice President for Military Affairs (Since December 2003), and one Vice President for Central Functions and Modernization (Possibly Since 2013). Prior to December 2003, there was only one Vice President. The following persons have held this office since 1957: See also Agency 114 Abwehr Federal Constitutional Court of Germany List of intelligence agencies of Germany Operation Eikonal References Bibliography Ronny Heidenreich, et al.: Geheimdienstkrieg in Deutschland. Die Konfrontation von DDR-Staatssicherheit und Organisation Gehlen 1953. Berlin 2016 External links Category:1956 establishments in West Germany Category:German intelligence agencies Category:Government agencies established in 1956 Category:German federal agencies |
Thomas Nicholas Redington Sir Thomas Nicholas Redington KCB (2 October 1815 – 11 October 1862) was an Irish administrator, politician and civil servant. Redington, only son of Christopher Talbot Redington (1780–1825), a captain in the army, by Frances, only daughter of Henry Dowell of Cadiz, was born at Kilcornan, Oranmore, County Galway. He was educated at Oscott College and at Christ's College, Cambridge, but as a Roman Catholic was not eligible to graduate with a degree. Devoting himself to politics, he represented Dundalk in parliament in the Liberal interest from 1837 to 1846. On 11 July 1846 he was appointed under-secretary of state for Ireland, in 1847 a commissioner of national education, and ex officio an Irish poor-law commissioner. As a member of Sir John Burgoyne's relief commission in 1847 he rendered much active service during the famine, and in consequence of his services he was on 28 Aug. 1849 nominated a knight-commander of the civil division of the Bath, soon after Queen Victoria's first visit to Ireland. He served as secretary to the board of control from December 1852 to 1856, when he accepted the post of commissioner of inquiry respecting lunatic asylums in Ireland. On 30 August 1842 he married Anne Eliza Mary, eldest daughter and coheiress of John Hyacinth Talbot, M.P., of Talbot Hall, County Wexford. He resided at Kilcornan House, but he died in London on 11 Oct. 1862. References Attribution External links Category:1815 births Category:1862 deaths Category:Politicians from County Galway Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath Category:Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Louth constituencies (1801–1922) Category:Irish Liberal Party MPs Category:UK MPs 1837–1841 Category:UK MPs 1841–1847 Category:Alumni of St Mary's College, Oscott Category:Under-Secretaries for Ireland |
The Three Ponds The Three Ponds is a lake located at Cape Breton Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Category:Lakes of Nova Scotia |
Phil Plait Philip Cary Plait (born September 30, 1964), also known as The Bad Astronomer, is an American astronomer, skeptic, writer and popular science blogger. Plait has worked as part of the Hubble Space Telescope team, images and spectra of astronomical objects, as well as engaging in public outreach advocacy for NASA missions. He has written two books, Bad Astronomy and Death from the Skies. He has also appeared in several science documentaries, including Phil Plait's Bad Universe and How the Universe Works on the Discovery Channel. From August 2008 through 2009, he served as president of the James Randi Educational Foundation. Additionally, he wrote and hosted episodes of Crash Course Astronomy, which aired its last episode in 2016. Early life Plait grew up in the Washington, D.C. area. He has said he became interested in astronomy when his father brought home a telescope when Plait was 5 years old or so. According to Plait, he "aimed it at Saturn that night. One look, and that was it. I was hooked." Education and research Plait attended the University of Michigan and received his PhD in astronomy at the University of Virginia in 1995 with a thesis on supernova SN 1987A, which he studied with the Supernova Intensive Study (SINS). During the 1990s, Plait worked with the COBE satellite and later was part of the Hubble Space Telescope team at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, working largely on the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. In 1995, he published observations of a ring of circumstellar material around SN 1987A, which led to further study of explosion mechanisms in core-collapse supernovae. Plait's work with Grady, et al. resulted in the presentation of high-resolution images of isolated stellar objects (including AB Aurigae and HD 163296) from the Hubble Space Telescope, among the first of those recorded. These results have been used in further studies into the properties and structure of dim, young, moderate-size stars, called Herbig Ae/Be stars, which also confirmed results observed by Grady, et al. Public outreach After his research contributions, Plait concentrated on educational outreach. He went on to perform web-based public outreach for the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and other NASA-funded missions while at Sonoma State University from 2000 to 2007. In 2001, he coauthored a paper on increasing accessibility of astronomy education resources and programs. A large proportion of his public outreach occurs online. He established the badastronomy website in 1998 and the corresponding blog in 2005. The website remains archived but is no longer actively maintained, while the blog has continued, through several changes of platform, to the present day. His first book, Bad Astronomy: Misconceptions and Misuses Revealed, from Astrology to the Moon Landing "Hoax" deals with much the same subject matter as his website. His second book, Death from the Skies, describes ways astronomical events could wipe out life on Earth and was released in October 2008. Plait's work has also appeared in the Encyclopædia Britannica Yearbook of Science and the Future and Astronomy magazine. He is also a frequent guest on the SETI Institute's weekly science radio show Big Picture Science. Plait has contributed to a number of television and cinema productions, either onscreen as host or guest or in an advisory role offscreen. He hosted the three-part documentary series "Phil Plait's Bad Universe" on the Discovery Channel, which first aired in the United States on August 29, 2010 but was not picked up as a series. He has appeared in numerous science documentaries and programs including How the Universe Works. Plait was a science advisor for the 2016 movie Arrival and the 2017 CBS TV |
Series Salvation. He was the head science writer of the 2017 show Bill Nye Saves the World on Netflix. Scientific skeptical advocacy From 2008 to 2009, Plait served as the president of the James Randi Educational Foundation, which promotes scientific skepticism, a position he eventually stepped down from in order to focus on the "Bad Universe" television project. He has also been a regular speaker at widely attended science and skepticism events and conferences, such as The Amazing Meeting (TAM), Northeast Conference on Science and Skepticism (NECSS), and DragonCon. Plait writes and speaks on topics related to scientific skepticism, such as advocating in favor of widespread immunization. Personal life Plait currently resides in Boulder, Colorado with his wife, Marcella Setter, and daughter. In a 2009 interview, Plait stated that his daughter is interested in astronomy and science, as well as anime and manga. Setter and Plait run Science Getaways, a vacation company that provides science-based adventures. Internet presence Badastronomy.com Plait began publishing explanatory Internet postings on science in 1993. Five years later, Plait established Badastronomy.com with the goal of clearing up what he perceived to be widespread public misconceptions about astronomy and space science in movies, the news, print, and on the Internet, also providing critical analysis of several pseudoscientific theories related to space and astronomy, such as the "Planet X" cataclysm, Richard Hoagland's theories, and the Moon landing "hoax". It received a considerable amount of traffic after Plait criticized a Fox Network special accusing NASA of faking the Apollo missions. Astronomer Michelle Thaller has described Badastronomy.com, as well as Plait's book and essays called Bad Astronomy, as "a monumental service to the space-science community". Blog In 2005, Plait started the Bad Astronomy blog. In July 2008, it moved to a new host, Discover Magazine. While it is primarily an astronomy blog, Plait also posts about skepticism, pseudoscience, antiscience topics, with occasional personal and political posts. On November 12, 2012, the Bad Astronomy blog moved to Slate magazine. Plait told Richard Saunders in an interview that "they [Slate] are very supportive... a new community." Revisiting old posts, Plait stated, "I've written about everything, when you've written 7,000 blog posts you've pretty much written about every topic in astronomy." On February 1, 2017 the Bad Astronomy blog moved to SyfyWire. Online video In September 2011, Plait spoke at a TED (conference) in Boulder, his hometown. His conference explained how to defend Earth from asteroids. In November 2014 it was announced that Plait would be joining the YouTube educational series Crash Course to teach a forthcoming Astronomy unit. The first episode was uploaded on January 15, 2015. After 47 episodes, the series came to its end on February 12, 2016. Books Media appearances Awards and honors The 2007 Weblog Awards – Bad Astronomy was awarded "Best Science Blog," having tied with Climate Audit. In March 2008, Plait had an asteroid named after him by the late astronomer Jeff Medkeff. Asteroid was named 165347 Philplait. In 2009, Bad Astronomy was named among Time.com's 25 Best Blogs. In 2013, Plait received the National Capital Area Skeptics' Philip J. Klass Award In 2016, Plait was awarded the David N. Schramm Award for High Energy Astrophysics Science Journalism by the American Astronomical Society for his 2015 article entitled "A Supermassive Black Hole's Fiery and Furious Wind." References External links Bad Astronomy Blog Bad Astronomy Archived Website Category:1964 births Category:American astronomers Category:American science writers Category:American skeptics Category:Critics of conspiracy theories Category:Fellows of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry Category:Living people Category:Science bloggers Category:Sonoma State University faculty Category:Space advocates Category:University of Michigan alumni Category:University of Virginia alumni |
Salemiyeh Salemiyeh (, also Romanized as Sālemīyeh and Salmīyeh; also known as Seh Leyleh and Sulaimāniyeh) is a village in Gazin Rural District, Raghiveh District, Haftgel County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 287, in 57 families. References Category:Populated places in Haftkel County |
Angelica japonica Angelica japonica is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family (Apiaceae). It is native to Japan, where it is found from the Kantō region westward to the island of Okinawa. Its natural habitat is along coastlines. Angelica japonica is a tall species, reaching up to 1.5 meters in height. Its leaves are dark and lustrous on the upper surface. It produces umbels of white flowers in April through June. It is similar to Angelica keiskei, but differs in several key features. Angelica japonica can be distinguished its red-striped stem, and leaves that are thicker with less coarse serration. In addition, Angelica keiskei does not produce its first flowers until late summer or fall. References japonica |
Glenn Wheeler Glenn Wheeler (born c. 1960/61) is an Australian media personality and radio and television presenter. Radio career After working in sales and marketing for many years, doing master of ceremonies work on the side, Wheeler joined Sydney radio station 2GB in 2002 as the weekend midnight to dawn presenter. He then presented Saturday Nights on 2GB, the Travel Show on 2GB on Sunday mornings, and the 2CH Breakfast Show from Monday to Saturday. Television In 2007, Wheeler joined The Morning Show as an infomercial presenter which screens nationwide from 9am-11:30am on the Seven Network. He remained with the show until 2015. Personal life He is married to Michelle and they have three adult children. On 1 February 2015, Wheeler was involved in a motor scooter accident in the southern Sydney suburb of Woolooware. He had "a severed artery in one leg and other significant injuries to various parts of his body", including "some bleeding on the brain." He was airlifted to St George Hospital and placed in an induced coma. On 2 February Wheeler underwent surgery on his pelvis and leg. His condition afterwards was described as "stable". Currently he has been "recovering in a brain rehab unit for several months". References External links Category:Living people Category:People from Sydney Category:Australian television presenters Category:Year of birth missing (living people) |
Banghwa station Banghwa Station is a subway station on Seoul Subway Line 5. Currently, it is Line 5's western terminus. Station layout Vicinity Public Centers: Banghwa 1-dong Citizen's Center Banghwa 3-dong Citizen's Center Banghwa Welfare Center Banghwa Police Station Banghwa Fire Station Banghwa Post Office Korean Language Center Bangsin Market Neuti Park Schools: Chihyeon Elementary School Samjeong Elementary School Samjeong Middle School Bangwon Middle School Hanseo High School Gangseo Industrial High School References Category:Railway stations opened in 1996 Category:Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations Category:Metro stations in Gangseo District, Seoul |
Treaty of Ahmet Pasha The Treaty of Ahmet Pasha (Persian:عهدنامه احمد پاشا, ) was a treaty signed on 10 January 1732 between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia. Background In the 17th century, a stalemate between the Ottoman and Safavid empires had been reached by the treaties of Serav and Zuhab. However, during the short rule of Afghanistan based Hotaki dynasty, chaos in Iran resulted in clashes along frontiers, especially in Caucasus. Meanwhile, Peter I of Russia began to occupy the Iranian territories in the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia, gains which were confirmed by the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1723). Fearing a Russian-controlled Caucasus, the Ottomans decided to capture Tbilisi to balance the Russian advance. But this operation resulted in a long Ottoman Safavid war. War Between 1723 and 1730, the Ottomans were able to control South Caucasus by capturing Yerevan and Ganja in addition to Tbilisi. In the southern fronts (i.e., Western Iran), Ottomans captured Tabriz, Urmia, Khorramabad, Kermanshah and Hamedān. In 1724, the Ottomans and Russians had agreed, by the Treaty of Constantinople (1724), to further divide the aforementioned Iranian territories between the two of them. But after Tahmasp II of Safavids began controlling Iran, the Ottoman advance was checked. Tired of war, both sides decided to end the war. Ahmet Pasha (Ottoman) and Mehmet Rıza Kulu (Persian) signed the treaty. Terms of treaty The terms of the treaty were: Ottoman Empire kept its gains in Caucasus, Ottoman gains in West Iran (except Hamadan, and Kermanshah) were conceded to Persia, and Aras River became the new border line in South Caucasus. Aftermath The treaty proved to be an armistice rather than a permanent treaty. Because, neither Ottoman sultan Mahmut I approved the loss of Tabriz nor Nader Shah, then the commander in chief of the Persian army, the losses in Caucasus. During Nader Shah's reign, Afsharid Persia was able to regain its losses. See also Treaty of Kerden Treaty of Constantinople (1724) References Sources Category:1732 in Asia Category:1732 in Europe Category:1732 in law Category:1732 treaties Ahmet Pasha Ahmet Pasha Category:History of Tabriz Category:History of Hamadan Province Category:History of the Caucasus Category:1732 in the Ottoman Empire Category:18th century in Iran Category:Ottoman–Persian Wars |
Qaleh Vazir Qaleh Vazir (, also Romanized as Qal’eh Vazīr and Qal‘eh-ye Vazīr; also known as Kalāteh Vazīr and Qal‘eh-ye Bāzār) is a village in Zeberkhan Rural District, Zeberkhan District, Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 200, in 60 families. References Category:Populated places in Nishapur County |
Little yellow bat The little yellow bat (Rhogeessa parvula) is a species of vesper bat. It is found only in Mexico. Description One of the smallest vesper bats, adult little yellow bats measure only in total length, with a forearm about long, and weigh just . There may be some clinal variation in body size, with the smallest individuals being found in the Nayarit region, and size increasing both to the north and south of this area. As the common name suggests, the fur is generally yellowish, with individual hairs being a fawn or chestnut brown for most of their length, and greyish brown at the base. The fur is silky in texture, and fades to a greyer shade on the animal's underside. The wing membranes are black and hairless, except for a small patch of fur on the membrane between the legs. The tail extends to the end of the uropatagium. The head is unusually small and narrow, with whiskers, small pointed ears, and tiny eyes. There is a wart above each eye, and another below the chin. Little yellow bats can be distinguished from other members of the genus Rhogeessa by a combination of their size, the presence and amount of fur on the uropatagium, and by the precise shape of their teeth. Distribution Little yellow bats are endemic to Mexico. They are found along the western edge of the country, from central Sonora south to western Oaxaca, at elevation from close to sea level to as high as . Two subspecies are recognised, with the nominate subspecies, R. parvula parvula, being found further north, and the other, R. parvula major, inhabiting the southern part of the range. Biology Little yellow bats inhabit areas of subtropical vegetation, and have usually been trapped near streams, lakes, or other bodies of fresh water. It has been reported to be found in areas of mesquite and cactus vegetation, and to be active after sunrise and in the early afternoon. Pregnant females have been captured between February and June, with young bats and lactating females being found between June and September. The mother apparently gives birth to one or two young at a time. References Category:Rhogeessa Category:Mammals described in 1866 Category:Taxa named by Harrison Allen Category:Bats of Mexico Category:Endemic fauna of Mexico Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Chewton, Victoria Chewton is a town in central Victoria, Australia in the Shire of Mount Alexander local government area, 116 kilometres north west of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2006 census, Chewton had a population of 403. History Prior to European settlement, the Chewton area was inhabited by the Dja Dja Wurrung Aboriginal people, part of the Kulin nation. The first European in the area was the explorer Major Thomas Mitchell on his way to discovering what he termed "Australia Felix" in 1836-37. Not long after, a sheep station was established by William Campbell, which incorporated the current townsite. Gold was discovered by shepherds on Dr Barker's sheep run at nearby Barkers Creek in 1851, spawning a large gold rush. Over 30,000 diggers arrived at Chewton within three months, soon followed by prospectors from around the world, including many Chinese. The town was surveyed in 1854 with land lots being sold the following year (1855). Chewton Post Office opened on 8 September 1857. A Forrest Creek Post Office had opened in 1852, which was replaced by Castlemaine in 1854. The Red Hill Hotel, constructed in 1854 is still standing today. By the 1860s the alluvial gold had been exhausted and efforts turned to underground shafts in search of gold bearing quartz reefs. Underground mining saw the immigration of Welsh and Cornish miners and some mines were very successful. The Wattle Gully mine founded in 1876 is still operating today. As gold mining wound down, the population declined to 1,212 in 1891 and 454 in 1933. While close to Castlemaine the town still maintains a distinct identity, but is slowly becoming a suburb of greater Castlemaine. Several historical buildings and sites, including the Chewton Town Hall (constructed in 1858) and the Post office (constructed in 1879) are now owned by the Chewton Domain Society, a community group established to manage the properties. The society also produces a monthly community newsletter. For several years, Chewton was host to a folk music festival over the Australia Day long weekend. In 2007, the festival relocated to nearby Newstead. The former railway station at Chewton closed to all traffic on 16 June 1976. References External links Chewton.net - Community website Gallery Category:Towns in Victoria (Australia) Category:Mining towns in Victoria (Australia) Category:North Central Victoria Category:Populated places established in 1851 Category:1851 establishments in Australia |
State Road 103 (Serbia) State Road 103, is an IIA-class road in northern Serbia, connecting Hungary at Đala with Novi Kneževac. It is located in Vojvodina. Before the new road categorization regulation given in 2013, the route wore the following names: P 112 and P 111 (before 2012) / 100 (after 2012). The existing route is a regional road with two traffic lanes. By the valid Space Plan of Republic of Serbia the road is not planned for upgrading to main road, and is expected to be conditioned in its current state. Sections See also Roads in Serbia References External links Official website – Roads of Serbia (Putevi Srbije) Official website – Corridors of Serbia (Koridori Srbije) (Serbian) Category:State roads in Serbia |
ESPN College Hoops 2K5 ESPN College Hoops 2K5 is an American college basketball video game developed by Visual Concepts and published by Sega. It is a college basketball simulation available for the Xbox and PlayStation 2. It features former Stanford forward Josh Childress on the cover. The game was released on November 17, 2004. ESPN Broadcast The game features an ESPN "broadcast", where the ESPN commentators and logos are seen throughout the season, with an authentic ESPN broadcast during the game. Reception The game was met with positive reception upon release. GameRankings and Metacritic gave it a score of 86.28% and 86 out of 100 for the Xbox version, and 84.98% and 86 out of 100 for the PlayStation 2 version. References External links Official 2K Sports ESPN College Hoops 2K5 site Official 2K Sports site for 2K5 online leagues and tournaments Category:2004 video games Category:PlayStation 2 games Category:Xbox games Category:College basketball video games in the United States Category:ESPN video games |
Yarn (package manager) REDIRECT npm (software)#Alternatives |
USS General Bragg (1851) USS General Bragg (1851) was a heavy (1,043-ton) steamer captured by Union Navy forces during the American Civil War. She was outfitted as a U.S. Navy gunboat and was assigned to enforce the Union blockade of the waterways of the Confederate States of America. Built in New York City General Bragg was originally the 1043-ton side-wheel river steamer Mexico and was built in New York City in 1851. She was owned by the Southern Steamship Co. at the start of the American Civil War Service as CSS General Bragg Mexico was pressed into Confederate service as CSS General Bragg at New Orleans, Louisiana 15 January 1862. She was converted to a "cottonclad" ram and renamed for General Braxton Bragg, a western theater commander. As part of the River Defense Fleet, she took part in the defenses of Memphis, Tennessee, and the surrounding area. In an action off Fort Pillow on 10 May 1862 she helped sink the Union Navy ironclad (later raised and refitted) and was put out of action herself. On 6 June, she was run aground and captured during the naval battle off Memphis. After repairs, she became USS General Bragg. Service as the USS General Bragg Following General Bragg's capture by the Union's Western Flotilla, she was transferred to the War Department 30 September 1862. Her first commanding officer was Lieutenant Joshua Bishop. General Bragg was fitted out at Cairo, Illinois, departing 9 July 1862 for Helena, Arkansas. She sailed 16 August 1862 as part of an escort to steamer Iatan carrying 500 troops to the mouth of the Yazoo River for reconnaissance of Confederate batteries and guerrilla parties. For the next 15 months, except for periods of repair at Memphis, Tennessee, she patrolled the river from Helena to the mouth of the Yazoo River, where she guarded against Confederate movements toward Vicksburg, Mississippi. Red River operations With the fall of Vicksburg in July 1863, General Bragg remained in the vicinity until her departure 13 December, for her new station at the mouth of the Red River. During the spring of 1864, it was her duty to guard the mouth of the river in support of the joint expedition against Shreveport, Louisiana on the Red. She began patrolling the river again, and 15 June engaged a Confederate battery with Naiad near Tunica Bend, Louisiana. Per the later captured battle flag of Barlow's Battery, now preserved at the Illinois National Guard Museum, thirty-two rounds were fired at the General Bragg. For a time the ships got the worst of the action amid a hail of shot and musketry, but eventually drove off the Confederates with the help of Winnebago. General Bragg was disabled in the action. The remainder of General Bragg's career was spent patrolling the Mississippi from the mouth of the Red River to Natchez, Mississippi. Infrequently she cruised as far south as Baton Rouge, Louisiana and New Orleans, Louisiana. Post-war decommissioning and subsequent career The ship returned to Mound City, Illinois, 2 July 1865, and decommissioned at Cairo 24 July 1865. She was sold 1 September 1865, she was redocumented Mexico. She was employed for U.S. civilian purposes until 1870, when she was sold to foreign interests. See also Bibliography of early American naval history References External links USS General Bragg Category:Ships of the Union Navy Category:Ships built in New York City Category:Steamships of the United States Navy Category:Gunboats of the United States Navy Category:American Civil War patrol vessels of the United States Category:1851 ships Category:Captured ships Category:Maritime incidents in June 1862 |
Violet Keene Violet Keene (1893 – May 10, 1987) was an English-born Canadian photographer. The daughter of portrait photographer Minna Keene and Caleb Keene, she was born in Bath, Somerset, England, and first learned how to use a camera at her mother's studio in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. After her family moved to Toronto, Ontario, Keene began her own career in photography. She photographed major figures of her time including Aldous Huxley, George Bernard Shaw and Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough, Canadian governor general. Keene was also manager of the portrait studio for Eaton's on College Street in Toronto. She married Harold Edgar Perinchief but continued to use her maiden name in her work. She died in Oakville, Ontario. References Category:1893 births Category:1987 deaths Category:Canadian women photographers Category:English emigrants to Canada Category:People from Bath, Somerset Category:20th-century Canadian photographers Category:20th-century Canadian women artists |
David Diehl David Diehl (; born September 15, 1980) is a former American football offensive lineman who played his entire career with the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). He was the Giants starting left tackle on two Super Bowl championship teams, beating the New England Patriots in both games. He played college football for the University of Illinois. The Giants selected him in the fifth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. Early life Diehl was born in Chicago, Illinois, on September 15, 1980. He is of Croatian descent on his mother's side, and of German descent on his father's side. When he was younger Diehl and his family frequently visited local Croatian churches and clubs in Chicago. He strengthened his Croatian-American ties after he moved to New Jersey, where the local Croatian community often have him as a visitor. He has the Croatian coat of arms as well as "neuništiv", the Croatian word for indestructible, tattooed on his left arm. High school career Diehl attended Brother Rice High School in Chicago, where he starred on the football, wrestling, and track teams. He also attended St. Linus Grammar school in Oak Lawn, Illinois. College career Diehl attended the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where he played for the Illinois Fighting Illini football team. He became a second-team All-Big Ten Conference selection as a senior in 2002. Recipient of the Wright Commitment to Excellence Award, presented to the Illinois player who has dedicated himself to academic excellence despite obstacles faced during his collegiate career. Started every game at left offensive guard, registering 91 knockdowns for an offense that featured its first 1,000-yard rusher (Antoineo Harris) and 1,000-yard receiver (Brandon Lloyd) in the same season since 1984. Helped offense total 5,356 yards. In 2001, saw action at both guard and tackle. Registered 56 knockdowns as he participated in 385 plays for an offense that gained 5,041 yards as the line allowed only 16 quarterback sacks (second in the Big Ten). In 2000, was valuable reserve, seeing action in every game at right guard. Made 15 knockdowns as he participated in 43 plays. In 1999: Played in 6 games on the field goal and extra point protection units. He was redshirted as a freshman in 1998. Professional career 2003 NFL Draft New York Giants (2003–2013) Diehl was drafted by the Giants in the fifth round of the 2003 NFL Draft with the 160th overall selection. In his rookie season, Diehl started all 16 games, becoming the first Giants rookie to do so since Mark Bavaro in 1985. He was one of 14 NFL rookies to start all 16 games in 2003 and was the only rookie to start at the same position each game during the 2003 season. In 2005, Diehl played another position, starting 15 regular season games at left guard and 1 game at right tackle. That season, Tiki Barber rushed for a franchise-record 1,860 yards, and Eli Manning passed for 3,762 yards, the 5th-highest total in franchise history. The Giants signed Diehl to a six-year, $31 million contract in May 2008. At the end of the 2009 season, Diehl was elected to the 2010 Pro Bowl as a Super Bowl Participant replacement. Diehl moved from left tackle to right tackle following the release of Rich Seubert and Shaun O'Hara and the signing of David Baas. He had started every game of his NFL career until 2010, when he tore his hamstring and suffered a partially dislocated hip. At the end of the 2011 season, Diehl and the Giants appeared in Super Bowl XLVI. He started in the |
game as the Giants defeated the New England Patriots by a score of 21–17. On August 21, 2013, the New York Giants announced that Diehl will undergo surgery to repair his injured right thumb. The recovery time was expected to be approximately six weeks. On January 24, 2014, Diehl announced his retirement after 11 seasons. Broadcasting On August 6, 2014, it was announced Diehl had been hired to work as a color analyst for NFL games on Fox. He teamed with Thom Brennaman as the number #4 team on these telecasts for 2014. During the 2015 season, Diehl worked fewer regular season games because former lead college football on Fox analyst Charles Davis took his place alongside Brennaman. (It was supposed to be Donovan McNabb, but he was arrested for a DUI in July 2015, leading Fox to make this change. Joel Klatt replaced Davis on college football telecasts with Davis's former partner, Gus Johnson). Diehl would move two spots down to the number #6 team to team with Dick Stockton and replacing Stockton's former partners Brady Quinn, Kirk Morrison, and McNabb. For the 2016 and 2017 seasons, Diehl moved down to the #7 crew, where he was teamed with Sam Rosen. In 2017, Diehl joined CBS Sports Network as an college football analyst. Personal life Diehl is of mixed German and Croatian descent. His Croat origins are from his maternal grandparents. His grandmother, Lucija Semanic (born Šamanić) was born in the USA, but was from the town of Krk in the southwestern part of the island Krk in Croatia, while his grandfather, Ante Bekavac, emigrated to United States from Lovreć in Croatia. He has a tattoo of the Croatian coat of arms on his left arm. Diehl stated his favorite tattoo is his Croatian coat of arms. He visited Croatia in June and July 2011, in search of his roots. Diehl played at the University of Illinois, and is a fan of the university's former symbol, Chief Illiniwek. During player introductions on TV, he states his school as "University of Chief Illiniwek." He also has an image of Chief Illiniwek tattooed on his arm. Diehl received the Wellington Mara NFL Man of the Year Award May 22, 2012, at the annual Boys Hope Girls Hope Dinner. References External links New York Giants bio Category:1980 births Category:Living people Category:American football offensive linemen Category:American people of Croatian descent Category:American people of German descent Category:Illinois Fighting Illini football players Category:National Conference Pro Bowl players Category:National Football League announcers Category:College football announcers Category:New York Giants players Category:Players of American football from Illinois Category:Sportspeople from Chicago Category:Sportspeople from Passaic County, New Jersey Category:Super Bowl champions |
Alexandrina of Balazar Alexandrina Maria da Costa (30 March 1904 – 13 October 1955), best known as Blessed Alexandrina of Balazar, was a Portuguese mystic and victim soul, member of the Association of Salesian Cooperators, who was born and died in Balazar (a rural parish of Póvoa de Varzim). Alexandrina left many written works, which have been studied mainly in Italy by Father Umberto Pasquale. On 25 April 2004 she was declared blessed by Pope John Paul II who stated that "her secret to holiness was love for Christ". Early life Alexandrina Maria da Costa was born on 30 March 1904, in Balazar, a rural parish of Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. Her father abandoned the family when she was very young. She had only eighteen months' schooling before being sent to work on a farm at the age of nine. In her teens she started to work in Balazar as a seamstress along with her sister. Alexandrina said that when she went with other girls to the countryside, she picked flowers that she later used to make flower carpets to the Church of Our Lady of Sorrows in Póvoa de Varzim. One day, she started bleeding from her head, due to a crown of spines, she said. Jesus spoke to her and called her Alexandrina das Dores (Alexandrina of Sorrows). At 14 years old, in March 1918 an incident changed her life. Her former employer along with two other men tried to break into her room. To escape them, Alexandrina jumped 13 feet down from a window, barely surviving. Her spine was broken from the fall. Until age 19, Alexandrina was still able to "drag herself" to church where, hunched over, she would remain in prayer, to the great amazement of the parishioners. During the early years, Alexandrina asked the Blessed Mother for the grace of a cure. She suffered gradual paralysis that confined her to bed from 1925 onward. She remained bed-ridden for about 30 years. The parish priest lent her a statue of the Immaculate Heart of Mary for the month of May. She asked for a little altar to be fixed to the wall by her bed where it was graced with the statue of Our Lady of Fatima and decorated with flowers and candles. Later life In June 1938, based on the request of Alexandrina's confessor, Father Mariano Pinho SJ, several bishops from Portugal wrote to Pope Pius XI, asking him to consecrate the world to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. This request was renewed several times until 1941, in which the Holy See asked three times more information about Alexandrina to the Archbishop of Braga. At that time, Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII) was the secretary of the state of the Vatican, and he later performed the consecration of the world. The Holy See recognized the relation of Alexandrina Maria da Costa with the act of the World Consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary in an article about her life and virtues. After December 1938, she corresponded regularly with Sister Lucia. According to her Vatican biography, from March 1942, for about 13 years until her death, she received no food except for the Holy Eucharist, and her weight dropped to about 33 kilograms (i.e. approximately 73 pounds). She was examined by medical doctors, with no conclusion. Based on the advice of a priest, her sister kept a diary of Alexandrina's words and mystical experiences. According to her Vatican autobiography Jesus spoke to her, at one point saying: "You will very rarely receive consolation... I want that while your heart is filled with |
suffering, on your lips there is a smile". In 1944, she joined the "Union of Salesian Cooperators", offering her suffering for the salvation of souls and for the sanctification of youth. Umberto Pasquale (1906 - 1985) was a Salesian priest and writer. At the beginning of the 1930s, he went to Portugal and in 1944 he met Alexandrina Maria da Costa, the main subject of his books. Legacy Based on her request, the following words were written on her tombstone: "Sinners, if the dust of my body can be of help to save you, come close, walk over it, kick it around until it disappears. But never sin again: do not offend Jesus anymore! Sinners, how much I want to tell you.... Do not risk losing Jesus for all eternity, for he is so good. Enough with sin. Love Jesus, love him!". In Ireland there is an Alexandrina Society that spreads knowledge of her life and teachings. The aims of the Society are 1) To spread devotion to Alexandrina and make her known, 2) To pray for the conversion of sinners, 3) To pray for Priests and acknowledge any favours received, 4) To pray for members' intentions. See also Pope Pius XII Consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary Mary of the Divine Heart Anne Catherine Emmerich Maria Domenica Lazzeri Marthe Robin Marie Rose Ferron References Further reading MADIGAN, Leo; Blessed Alexandrina Maria da Costa, the Mystical Martyr of Fátima. Fatima-Ophel Books, Fátima, Portugal (2005). JOHNSTON, Francis W.; Alexandrina: The Agony and the Glory. Saint Benedict Press, TAN Books (2009). Rowles, Kevin. Blessed Alexandrina - Living Miracle of the Eucharist. Twickenham, United Kingdom (2006) External links Sanctuary of Alexandrina of Balazar – Official website English biography of Blessed Alexandrina The prophecies of Blessed Alexandrina of Balazar Polyglot website Autobiography (in Italian) Category:1904 births Category:1955 deaths Category:People from Póvoa de Varzim Category:Portuguese beatified people Category:Portuguese Christian mystics Category:Portuguese Roman Catholic saints Category:20th-century Christian mystics Category:Roman Catholic mystics Category:Beatifications by Pope John Paul II Category:Venerated Catholics by Pope John Paul II |
José Pilar Reyes José Pilar Reyes Requenes (born 12 October 1955 in Aguascalientes) is a Mexican football goalkeeper who played for Mexico in the 1978 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Tigres UANL. References External links FIFA profile Category:1955 births Category:Footballers from Aguascalientes Category:Mexico international footballers Category:Association football goalkeepers Category:Tigres UANL footballers Category:1978 FIFA World Cup players Category:Liga MX players Category:Living people Category:Mexican footballers Category:CONCACAF Championship-winning players |
Isidore of Pelusium Isidore of Pelusium (, d. c.450) was born in Egypt to a prominent Alexandrian family. He became an ascetic, and moved to a mountain near the city of Pelusium, in the tradition of the Desert Fathers. Isidore is known to us for his letters, written to Cyril of Alexandria, Theodosius II, and a host of others. A collection of 2,000 letters was made in antiquity at the "Sleepless" monastery in Constantinople, and this has come down to us through a number of manuscripts, with each letter numbered and in order. The letters are mostly very short extracts, a sentence or two in length. Further unpublished letters exist in Syriac translation. Some of the letters are of considerable interest for the exegesis of the Greek bible. He is revered as a saint, whose feast day is February 4. Life Isidore of Pelusium lived during the fourth-fifth centuries. He was a native of Alexandria, and a relative of Theophilus, Archbishop of Alexandria. He was the only child of parents, who saw to his education. They taught him the books of the church, and the Greek language in which he excelled and surpassed many. He was also ascetic and humble. When he learned that the people of Alexandria and the bishops wanted to make him the Patriarch of Alexandria, he took flight by night to Pelusium and became a monk in a monastery there. He soon became known for his exactitude in the observance of the rule and for his austerities. A passage in his voluminous correspondence affords reason to believe that he held the office of abbot. Following the example of St John Chrysostom, whom he had managed to see and hear during a trip to Constantinople, St Isidore devoted himself primarily to Christian preaching. Yet he writes in one letter, "It is more important to be proficient in good works than in golden-tongued preaching". His friendship with St John Chrysostom resulted in his support of St John when he was persecuted by the empress Eudoxia and Archbishop Theophilus. Through the initiative of St Isidore the Third Ecumenical Council was convened at Ephesus (431), at which the false teaching of Nestorius concerning the person of Jesus Christ was condemned. St. Isidore of Pelusium died about the year 450. His feast day is February 4. Letters The only extant works of St. Isidore are a considerable correspondence, comprising more than 2000 letters. The historian Nicephorus states that St Isidore wrote more than 10,000 letters to various people, in which he reprimanded one, advised another, consoled a third, instructed a fourth. These letters of St. Isidore may be divided into three classes according to the subjects treated: those dealing with dogma and Scripture, with ecclesiastical and monastic discipline, and with practical morality for the guidance of laymen of all classes and conditions. His letter to Tuba shows that it was considered unbecoming for a soldier to carry a sword in the city in time of peace and to appear in public with arms and military uniform. His advice with regard to those who were embracing the monastic state was that they should not at first be made to feel all the austerities of the rule lest they should be repelled, nor should they be left idle and exempt from ordinary tasks lest they should acquire habits of laziness, but they should led step by step to what is most perfect. Great abstinences serve no purpose unless they are accompanied by the mortification of the senses. A monk's habit should if possible be of skins, and his food consist of herbs, unless |
bodily weakness require something more. Prior to Nestorian controversy St Isidore of Pelusium, a mentor to St Cyril of Alexandria and other bishops, warned Cyril already then in a letter that he needed to "Stop these contentious arguments. Refrain from involving the living Church in your own private vengeance that is prosecuted out of a sense of duty to the dead." Isidore wrote this letter because of Cyril's refusal to restore John Chrysostom's name to the diptychs of the Church in Alexandria after it had been removed following John's deposition at the Synod of Oak in 403, which he later agreed to restore. The letters can be found in volume 78 of the Patrologia Graeca, a collection of the Greek writings of Christian writers and theologians featuring the original Greek text facing and a Latin translation. Pierre Evieux edited the second half of the collection, where the disarrangement was most serious, in 1997 and 2000, in the Sources Chrétiennes series. He also produced a table of cross-reference between the original numbering and that in the Patrologia Graeca. The other letters have never received any critical edition or been translated into any modern language. References External links Coptic Encyclopedia entry for Isidorus of Pelusium A few letters in English translation Category:450 deaths Category:5th-century Christian saints Category:5th-century Byzantine people Category:Saints from Roman Egypt Category:Egyptian Christian monks Category:Greek letter writers Category:Year of birth unknown Isidore of Pelusium and the holy scriptures (in Greek) by EIRINI ARTEMI |
Penpergwm Penpergwm is a village in south Wales, situated along the A40 road, 3.9 miles south-east of Abergavenny and 19 miles west of Monmouth. The village used to have to a railway station on the Welsh Marches Line, but it closed in 1958. The former station house is now a private residence. The former British politician Francis Pym was born in Penpergwm Lodge in the village. References Category:Villages in Monmouthshire |
Jackie Pottinger John Mitchell Baker Pottinger known as Jackie (1913-1979) was a boxer who competed for Wales. Boxing career Pottinger won a bronze medal in the flyweight division at the 1934 British Empire Games in London. He lost to Georgie Coyle of New York in the New York Golden Gloves tournament during 1935. Personal life He was a manufacturer by trade and lived at 97 Ferry Road, Grangetown, Cardiff in 1935. References Category:1913 births Category:1979 deaths Category:Welsh male boxers Category:Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Wales |
Three Nephites __NOTOC__ In the Latter Day Saint movement, the Three Nephites (also known as the Three Nephite Disciples) are three Nephite disciples of Jesus described in the Book of Mormon who were blessed by Jesus to "never taste of death; but ye shall live to behold all the doings of the Father unto the children of men, even until all things shall be fulfilled according to the will of the Father, when I shall come in my glory with the powers of heaven." As described in Third Nephi chapter 28, this change occurred when they were caught up into heaven. Since they will never "taste death", in the Book of Mormon the Nephite prophet Mormon contemplates if they are already immortal. After Mormon prays for wisdom, Jesus tells him that there would be another change made at his coming so that they may become immortal. Similar to Mormon beliefs about John the Apostle, the Three Nephites were granted immortality so that they could "bring the souls of men unto Jesus, while the world shall stand". The account in the Book of Mormon reads that they "did minister unto all the people, uniting as many to the church as would believe in their preaching; baptizing them, and as many as were baptized did receive the Holy Ghost." Also similar to other stories about missionaries and martyrs, the text says that they suffered severe persecution from those who did not believe. Their immortality is referred to later by Mormon, who lived about four hundred years after the three Nephites in the Book of Mormon's timeline. He says "I have seen them, and they have ministered unto me." Mormon also wrote that they will be among the Jews and the Gentiles, and the Jews and Gentiles "shall know them not." "[And] when the Lord seeth fit in his wisdom that they shall minister unto all the scattered tribes of Israel, and unto all nations, kindreds, tongues and people, and shall bring out of them unto Jesus many souls." Mormon states that he intended to write the names of the Three Nephites, but God forbade him to do so. The so-called Three Nephites are never called Nephites in the Book of Mormon text itself; they are referred to only as disciples, and it is quite possible that one or more of the three disciples were Lamanites by descent. Note, though, that it was standard practice in the Book of Mormon to refer to Lamanites who were converted to the faith as Nephites. In Modern Mormonism Three Nephite folklore has been studied by folklorists William A. Wilson, David Utter, Wayland Hand, Hector Lee, Austin E. and Alta S. Fife, and Richard Dorson. In Mormon art Literature "Sanctified, in the Flesh" by Brian Evenson "American Trinity" by David G. Pace "Parables from the New World" by Todd Robert Petersen "Garden of Legion" by David J. West "The Last Nephite" by Neal Chandler "They Did Go Forth" by Maurine Whipple "The Third Nephite" by Levi Peterson "Wild Sage" by Phyllis Barber Tennis Shoes Adventure Series by Chris Heimerdinger "Christina" by Angela Hallstrom 'The Sealed Portion-Final Testament of Jesus Christ' Translated by Christoper '666- The Mark of America Seat of The Beast' 'The Apostle John's New Testament Revelation Unfolded' Christopher 'Human Reality-Who We Are and Why We Exist' Anonymous ‘Order of Nehor & the Brotherhood” by S J Kootz Comics Madman by Mike Allred Film Baptists at Our Barbecue: the Three Nephites are portrayed as three mechanics in spotless, white coveralls in two scenes (one scene is only noticeable through listening to the DVD commentary) The Singles |
2nd Ward: the Three Nephites are portrayed near the end of the film as three men in off-white coveralls Jer3miah See also Translation (LDS Church) Notes Further reading William A. Wilson, "Three Nephites" in Encyclopedia of Mormonism (New York: Macmillan, 1992). Book of Mormon, , account of the Three Nephites. — a web based collection of reported encounters with the Three Nephites. Category:Book of Mormon people Category:Book of Mormon words and phrases Category:Trios Category:Mormon folklore Category:Longevity myths |
Battle of Cantigny The Battle of Cantigny, fought May 28, 1918 was the first major American battle and offensive of World War I. The U.S. 1st Division, the most experienced of the five American divisions then in France and in reserve for the French Army near the village of Cantigny, was selected for the attack. The objective of the attack was both to reduce a small salient made by the German Army in the front lines but also to instill confidence among the French. Capture of Cantigny At 06:45 [H Hour] on May 28, 1918, American soldiers of the 28th Infantry Regiment left their jump-off trenches following an hour-long artillery preparation. Part of the preparation was counter-battery fire directed at German artillery positions. A rolling barrage, advancing 100 meters every two minutes, was calculated to give the attacking troops time to keep up with it. The 28th Infantry Regiment (Colonel Hansen Ely, commanding) plus two companies of the 18th Infantry Regiment, three machine-gun companies and a company of engineers (3,564 men), captured Cantigny from units of the German Eighteenth Army. The village was situated on high ground surrounded by woods, making it an ideal observation post for German artillery. Because the Americans did not have them in sufficient quantity, the French provided air cover, 368 heavy artillery pieces, trench mortars, tanks, and flamethrowers. The French Schneider tanks were from the French 5th Tank Battalion. Their primary purpose was to eliminate German machine gun positions. With this massive support, and advancing on schedule behind the creeping artillery barrage, the 28th Infantry took the village in 30 minutes. It then continued on to its final objective roughly a half kilometer beyond the village. Defense against German counterattacks The first German counterattack, a small attack at 08:30 against the extreme right of the new American position, was easily repulsed, but German artillery bombarded the 28th Infantry for most of the day. At 17:10 the first large-scale counterattack took place, and a company of the 1st Battalion of the 26th Infantry Regiment commanded by Major Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. was used to reinforce a weak spot in the American line. Another German counterattack at 18:40 was also repulsed by a combination of artillery and infantry defensive fire. A series of counterattacks over the next two days were also defeated by both American regiments, and the position held. The Americans reduced the salient and expanded their front by approximately a mile. A minor success, its significance was overshadowed by the battle underway along the Aisne. The U.S. forces held their position with the loss of 1,603 casualties, including 199 killed in action; they captured 250 German prisoners. Matthew B. Juan, an American Indian, was killed during this battle. The American success at Cantigny assured the French that American divisions could be depended upon in the line against the German offensive to take Paris. The victory at Cantigny was followed by attacks at Château-Thierry and Belleau Wood in the first half of June. Monuments Battle In 1923, The American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) erected 25 battle monuments, including one in the village of Cantigny that was dedicated on August 9, 1937. At the unveiling of this monument, a speech was given (at the invitation of General John J. Pershing) by Col. Robert R. McCormick, who had commanded the 1st Battalion of the 5th Field Artillery Regiment at the battle. On one side of the memorial appears the inscription: ERECTED BY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO COMMEMORATE THE FIRST ATTACK BY AN AMERICAN DIVISION IN THE WORLD WAR. On another side of the memorial appears the inscription: |
THE FIRST DIVISION UNITED STATES ARMY OPERATING UNDER THE X FRENCH CORPS CAPTURED THE TOWN OF CANTIGNY ON MAY 28 1918 AND HELD IT AGAINST NUMEROUS COUNTERATTACKS. French translations of these inscriptions appear on the opposite sides of the monument. First Division A First Division Monument located along the road ½ mile southeast of Cantigny is one of five erected by the First Division itself in 1919. The names of the dead in the vicinity of Cantigny are engraved on the bronze plates. The monument is like a small concrete shaft, surmounted by a carved eagle of stone. McCormick In the center of Cantigny, a small monument was dedicated in 2005 by the McCormick Foundation to commemorate the participation of Colonel Robert R. McCormick in the historic 1st Battalion, 5th Field Artillery, the oldest American military unit on continuous active duty (dating back to the American Revolutionary War), then part of the First Division. In 1960, the McCormick Foundation opened the Cantigny War Memorial of the First Division, where materials from Chicago veterans were then collected. Black Lions On May 28, 2008, the 90th anniversary of the Battle of Cantigny, the McCormick Foundation and the Association of the 28th Infantry Regiment dedicated the statue "The Lion of Cantigny," an original bronze work by Stephen Spears depicting a doughboy of the regiment advancing through the village. The 28th Infantry was the assault regiment in the First Division's attack, the first major US battle of World War I. The regimental coat of arms is based on the lions in the heraldic arms of Picardy, where Cantigny is; the regiment's nickname is Black Lions. See also Cantigny Park Somme American Cemetery and Memorial Bibliography Notes References - Total pages: 336 - Total pages: 1067 - Total pages: 225 - Total pages: 1797 External links Panel Discussion. Category:Battles of the Western Front (World War I) Category:Battles of World War I involving Germany Category:Battles of World War I involving France Category:Battles of World War I involving the United States Category:Conflicts in 1918 Category:1918 in France Category:May 1918 events |
Teddy Morris Allan Byron (Teddy) Morris (March 1910 – September 5, 1965) was a Canadian Football Hall of Fame player and coach for the Toronto Argonauts. Morris began playing Canadian football with Toronto playground teams and moved on to the Winnipeg Native Sons junior football team. Upon his return to Toronto he joined the Argonauts junior squad and quickly earned a spot on the senior team. He was a star player for the Argonauts for nine years and was named All-Eastern running back three times and flying wing twice and named the 1937 Jeff Russel Memorial Trophy winner as the player who best exemplified skill, sportsmanship, and courage in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union. Morris' recovery of an Argonauts' punt blocked by Winnipeg's Bud Marquardt in the 25th Grey Cup is often cited as the first of the fabled "Argos Bounces" as it bounced off the field and right into Morris' hands preventing a Blue Bomber possession deep in Argos territory. In 1940, the year following his last game as a player, Morris began as a backfield coach for the Argonauts then, during IRFU's break from playing during the Second World War, coached HMCS York's football team, and upon IRFU's return to play in 1945, became Argonauts head coach earning three consecutive Grey Cups from 1945 to 1947 and respect from fans and players alike. Morris briefly returned to the Argonauts in 1960 as assistant coach to Lou Agase, having been brought in to help the American acclimatize to Canadian football. Awards, honours, and records The Teddy Morris Memorial Trophy is the championship trophy of the Ontario Football Conference of the Canadian Junior Football League. The Ted Morris Memorial Trophy is awarded to the Most Valuable Player of the CIS football Vanier Cup championship game. awarded the Jeff Russel Memorial Trophy in 1937 as the player who best exemplified skill, sportsmanship, and courage in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union. named All-Eastern running back in 1933, 1934, and 1936. named All-Eastern flying wing in 1935 and 1938. merited Canadian Football Hall of Fame as both a player and a builder (1964) inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1975 named an All-Time Argo in 1998. Notes Category:1910 births Category:1965 deaths Category:Players of Canadian football from Ontario Category:Canadian football running backs Category:Canadian Football League executives Category:Toronto Argonauts players Category:Toronto Argonauts coaches Category:Canadian Football League Most Outstanding Player Award winners Category:Grey Cup champions Category:Canadian Football Hall of Fame inductees Category:Canada's Sports Hall of Fame inductees Category:Sportspeople from Toronto |
Norman Robson (footballer) Norman Robson (31 July 1907 – 1983) was an English professional footballer who played as a forward. Career Born in Ryton, Robson spent his early career with West Stanley, Preston North End and Derby County. He joined Bradford City in March 1933, scoring 9 goals in 20 league games for the club. He left the club in 1934 to join Wigan Athletic, where he scored 44 goals in 69 Cheshire League appearances. He joined Lancaster City in 1937, before returning to Wigan in February 1938, scoring a further two goals in seven league appearances. Sources References Category:1907 births Category:1983 deaths Category:People from Ryton, Tyne and Wear Category:English footballers Category:Association football forwards Category:West Stanley F.C. players Category:Preston North End F.C. players Category:Derby County F.C. players Category:Bradford City A.F.C. players Category:Wigan Athletic F.C. players Category:Lancaster City F.C. players Category:English Football League players |
Endoxyla vittata Endoxyla vittata, the orange-lined wood moth, is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Western Australia. There is a pattern of white and dark brown on the wings. On the forewings, there is also an orange line running from the base to the tornus. References Category:Endoxyla (moth) Category:Moths described in 1856 |
Harlequin poison frog The harlequin poison frog, also known as harlequin poison-dart frog (Oophaga histrionica), is a species of poison dart frog endemic to the El Chocó region of western Colombia. The frog is normally found on the ground of tropical rain forests, among fallen limbs or leaf litter. Description The harlequin poison frog has a variety of color morphs, which differ from one valley to the next in its native range. The base color is a bright orange, with a webbing of black over the entire body. Of the color morphs, the base color may be of clear to dull orange, yellow, red, white, or blue. The web pattern varies from small lines to big lines or speckled, incomplete lines, or a completely black frog with just a few spots. The various color morphs can be found in surprisingly proximity, with different populations on adjacent hillsides. Life history The harlequin poison frog lives on the forest floor. The male calls from a low perch to advertise his presence and the female lays eggs among the leaf litter. When the eggs hatch, a parent transports the newly hatched tadpoles to a tiny water reservoir (often in the axil of a bromeliad). The mother returns periodically and lays unfertilized eggs, on which the tadpoles feed until ready to metamorphose and exit the water. The larva is an obligate egg-feeder and will starve without this form of nutrition. This rearing behavior makes harlequins among the most difficult poison dart frogs to raise in captivity. As a result, they are not widely found on the domestic pet market, and those available may be illegally smuggled imports rather than legally bred domestic animals. Wild-caught dart frogs are often stressed, require more care, have a much higher fatality rate, and may also be toxic and dangerous to handle. A few domestically bred animals are nevertheless available and are highly sought-after in the pet trade. Poison O. histrionica, along with O. speciosa, produces cardiotoxins known as histrionicotoxins. These moderate to highly toxic compounds act as potent noncompetitive antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, binding to a regulatory site on the delta subunit of the ion channel complex. They also have some affinity for sodium and potassium channels, although they are much less potent for these targets. The synthesis of histrionicotoxins and various homologues is synthetically challenging and has been the subject of many different attempts. Status The IUCN has listed this species as being "Critically Endangered". There is ongoing destruction of its rainforest habitat and its numbers seem to be declining. References External links Harlequin Poison Frog color morphs Category:Oophaga Category:Endemic fauna of Colombia Category:Amphibians of Colombia Category:Amphibians described in 1845 Category:Taxa named by Arnold Adolph Berthold |
Blackout/All Clear Blackout and All Clear are the two volumes that constitute a 2010 science fiction novel by American author Connie Willis. Blackout was published February 2, 2010 by Spectra. The second part, the conclusion All Clear, was released as a separate book on October 19, 2010. The diptych won the 2010 Nebula Award for Best Novel, the 2011 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel, and the 2011 Hugo Award for Best Novel. These two volumes are the most recent of four books and a short story that Willis has written involving time travel from Oxford during the mid 21st century. Plot introduction Willis imagines a near future (first introduced in her 1982 story "Fire Watch" and featured in two of her previous novels: Doomsday Book and To Say Nothing of the Dog) in which historians conduct field work by traveling into the past as observers. The research is mainly conducted at the University of Oxford in England in the mid-21st century. In their world, time-travel has been known since the early 21st century. The time-travel device, a portal called "the Net", remains in the time-traveler's present, while sending the time-traveler to a particular location (called "the drop") and time. They can return from the same location when someone in the future re-opens the Net for them at an agreed-upon "rendezvous" time. Historians in Willis' world believe that the laws of physics resist possible alterations to the past by preventing time-travel to certain places or times. In some cases, the machine used for time-travel will refuse to function, rendering the trip impossible. In other cases, "slippage"—a shift from the exact, desired target in time and/or space—occurs. The time-traveler arrives at the nearest place and time suitable for preventing a time paradox; although sometimes this is only a few minutes later than planned, it can be as much as several years. An example is when the character Polly wishes to arrive on September 10, 1940, in London, but instead arrives on September 14. In addition to slippage, which the technicians operating the net cannot control or predict, there are other reasons why a historian might not be able to travel to a certain time. Once a time-traveler has visited a certain date, he or she can never go to that same time again. The 21st-century authorities controlling time-travel also have rules and can deem some historical periods too dangerous for time-travel, even though those times might be theoretically accessible. Plot summary Blackout It is the year 2060, and the historians (time-traveling research staff) at Oxford University are a hair's breadth away from revolting. Mr. Dunworthy keeps changing their assignments at the last minute, for reasons not explained until All Clear. Michael Davies, who had prepared for a first-hand look at the events of Pearl Harbor, for example by having brain implants to give him an American accent and knowledge of that time, abruptly finds himself instead being sent to witness the response to the Battle of Dunkirk. The constant changes also mean that the wardrobe department cannot assemble the proper wardrobe for Polly Churchill, who plans to work as a shopgirl during the Blitz. Merope Ward, overseeing child refugees from London in Warwickshire, finds herself utterly unable to find the support she needs to complete her first assignment in the past. Dunworthy himself is nowhere to be found, having set off for a meeting with another academic, Ishiwaka, who theorizes that continued time travel has pushed the laws that safely govern it to the breaking point. When they make it to World War II-era England, all initially seems well. Merope |
takes on the persona of an Irish girl, Eileen O'Reilly, to secure a position in the staff of an English country manor house. From December, 1939, to May, 1940, she works for Lady Caroline as a servant; she desires to observe children evacuated from London during World War II. She sees far more of these children and their predicaments than she bargained for, especially some undisciplined trouble-makers, sister and brother street urchins Binnie and Alf Hodbin. Merope, referred to mostly in both books as Eileen, excels at her assignment, even when she comes to dislike it and to try desperately to escape to her "drop," which is located in the woods outside the manor grounds. The children love her, and when Alf comes down with measles, and then infects the dozens of other children, the house is quarantined; Eileen proves an excellent and tireless nurse, against her own wishes. She is appalled by what she considers the barbaric medical treatments of 1940 (she errs by referring to "a virus," a term not generally known then), and manages to save Binnie's life only by stealing some aspirin to bring the girl's fever down. Eileen repeatedly finds herself unable to return to 2060 via her drop. She helps to return most of the children to their homes, and then plans to travel by train to seek help from her friend Polly, who should, by September, 1940, be a shopgirl in London. To her dismay, the local vicar, Mr. Goode, has arranged for Binnie and Alf to be given "safe passage" to Canada, so that they will not have to remain with their neglectful mother in Whitechapel, which, as Eileen knows, was bombed during the Blitz. But, as she also knows, they are likely to be transported on the SS City of Benares, which was torpedoed by a German submarine. Unable to allow this to happen, Eileen accompanies the brats to London, after which she can seek Polly. During their train trip, Alf's mischievousness delays their train; if the train had proceeded on time, it would have been destroyed by German bombers. When they disembark from the train and cross a field to find a bus, they witness in the sky the beginning of the Battle of Britain. Alf (who fancies himself a plane spotter) and Binnie are delighted to watch an air battle between a German Messerschmitt fighter plane against a Hawker Hurricane and a Spitfire. The Messerschmitt is destroyed, and Eileen manages both to return the children to their home and to find Polly. Polly, fair-haired and pretty, secures employment at a department store in Oxford Street in the West End of London. Her intention (that is, her research assignment) was "to observe shelterers in the tube stations", but she ends up joining a group huddling under St. George's Church. The group, most of whom become fond of Polly, includes the nasty-tempered Mrs. Rickett, who owns a boarding house where Polly rents a tiny room; some other boarders, including the sweet but flighty spinster Miss Laburnum; Sir Godfrey, a Shakespearean actor who forms a crush on Polly; a rector; Mr. Simms and his dog Nelson; Lila and Viv, young women who chat constantly about dances and movie stars; and others. Michael Davies had planned to travel to witness the attack on Pearl Harbor. Instead, he is sent to Dover, a trip he had intended to make later, where he had planned to witness heroism during the Dunkirk evacuation. When he discovers that, instead of Dover, he has landed in Saltram-on-Sea, a town 30 miles south, with his "drop" within some rocks |
on the beach, he tells the locals that he is Mike Davis, an American war correspondent, who wishes to cover the British anti-invasion preparations of World War II. The residents are pleased to find a "Yankee" interested in them. To his horror, he is brought against his will onto the small, barely seaworthy craft Lady Jane of Commander Harold and taken across the English Channel to help evacuate the soldiers from the beach at Dunkirk. When they arrive at the mole there, soldiers begin scrambling onto the boat, but Michael must dive underwater to free the propeller from a corpse which has become entangled with it. Michael frees the boat and joins the evacuees on the deck, which is too crowded for movement, and the Commander guides the boat back to England. During the trip, Michael goes into shock and barely hears a rescued soldier, Private Hardy, thanking him for saving his life. When they return, Michael finds his right foot has been mangled. (He will limp for the rest of his life.) He awakes in Orpington War Emergency Hospital, where he is adored as a hero, but, for months, he is terrified that he has changed the course of history by saving soldiers. Eventually, Merope, Polly and Michael meet each other in London. They are all worried because they cannot find drops which will return them to Oxford. All Clear All Clear begins where Blackout left off, with Michael Davies (posing as an American journalist, Mike Davis), Polly Churchill (as Polly Sebastian), and Merope Ward (posing as Eileen O'Reilly) trapped in 1940 Britain during the Blitz. Just as in Blackout, the novel switches between multiple people and times. As the novel opens, Polly Churchill, who is posing as a shop assistant, realizes that she has a deadline. She had already visited Oxford and London in 1943. Since she was able to do that, and she now believes she is trapped in 1940, she must either have returned to the future or died by 1943. She is convinced that she will in fact die. We later learn that Mary, a seemingly unrelated character whose experiences as a volunteer nurse and ambulance driver in 1943-44 are included in All Clear, is actually also Polly, under an assumed name (Polly being a nickname for Mary). Meanwhile, Merope and Michael have found Polly after discovering that their drops are also unable to return them to the future. Now together, the three believe that their own actions, particularly in Mike's case, may have changed the future so that there is no time travel, and that possibly it will involve Germany winning the war. Knowing something has gone wrong which prevents them from returning to 2060 Oxford, the three time travelers attempt to determine an escape plan, but none of their efforts are successful. A fellow student, Gerald Phipps, who was supposed to be at Bletchley Park studying Ultra, never came through to his assignment. They realize that another Oxford historian, John Bartholomew, is also in their place and time, but understand this only less than a day before he will leave. (Bartholomew's time travel experience is the subject of Willis's short story "Fire Watch," written almost thirty years previously.) Frantically they try to get to him, but the three are separated and repeatedly delayed, not helped by the fact that this is the night of December 29, 1940, during which some of the worst raids of the war occurred. They are unable to find Bartholomew before he returns to 2054 Oxford. When Mike and Eileen figure out that Polly has a deadline in June |
1943, and its implications, their search for a way out becomes even more desperate. Their frustration turns into tragedy when Mike is reported killed during a raid. Eileen refuses to accept his death, but upon realizing Alf and Binnie's mother has been dead for months, she volunteers to raise the orphans, thus giving her life, now trapped in the mid-20th century, a significant meaning. Polly fights with her about this, but Eileen is adamant and later proves to have become a very good mother to the children. In 2060, in Oxford, Mr. Dunworthy sends himself on a rescue mission to retrieve Polly in September 1940. However, when he arrives at St Paul's Cathedral, he is unable to determine the date before the raids start. (St. Paul's, and especially one of the paintings in the Cathedral, The Light of the World, are viewed several times by most of the important characters in the book. They are either inspired or depressed by their current view of the painting.) When he realizes it is December 1940, he becomes hopeless and distraught. Polly stumbles across him in the cathedral a few weeks later. He explains his hypothesis that slippage isn't a result of the time continuum trying to prevent historians from changing the past, as he had previously thought, but is a response to changes they'd already caused. The continuum around World War II is in such disarray that it has sealed itself off to time travel, and will engage in 'corrections' – likely the death of the historians and those they have influenced, Dunworthy believes. Their worst fears – that they have been able to influence the past and cause discrepancies – have been realized, possibly to the point the War will be lost. However, all hope is not lost. Mike had faked his own death and in 1944 is engaged in Operation Fortitude, a misinformation campaign. Mike is not revealed to be this character until later in the novel, as he operates under a code name in this part of the narrative. He is able to plant notices in newspapers which hint where Polly and Eileen are located, in the hopes that someone in 2060's Oxford will find the notices and be able to rescue the young women. Another potential rescuer is Colin Templer, an overeager teenager from 2060 Oxford with a crush on Polly. He goes back to 1944 and finds Michael, right after Mike has been hit by a bomb and helped by Polly, who is then an ambulance driver and first-aid responder but who, because of the blacked-out night, cannot see that it is Michael. Mike explains to Colin that Polly and Eileen are together, then falls unconscious as Colin brings him back to 2060 Oxford. Colin also goes to the 1970s for research and to 1995 to try to find someone who knew Polly. To his surprise, in 1995 he meets an elderly Binnie, who tells him Eileen died in 1987. Binnie also reveals that she has learned all about time travel and has been looking for him through the decades to tell him where and when he can rescue the stranded historians. Equipped with this knowledge, Colin is able to return to 1941 to rescue Polly and Mr. Dunworthy. Despite Polly's worries about leading to the deaths of those around her by interfering, she heroically risks her own life to save Sir Godfrey's during a bombing. She finally realizes what is going on as she lies recovering in the hospital; the historians have caused small things to happen which ultimately led to winning the war. She concludes |
that they're stuck in World War II not to be killed by the continuum, but because there are things they need to do so that the war will won by the Allies and so that history is as it should be. In April 1941, an older Colin comes through at St. Paul's and finds the historians. Polly and Mr. Dunworthy leave with Colin to return to 2060 Oxford, but Eileen stays behind. She reasons that she must remain in the past so she can tell Colin in the future where to find them, and she refuses to abandon Alf and Binnie. Colin tells them that Mike had faked his own death, but died in Oxford from his 1944 injuries. Finally Polly, Mr. Dunworthy, and Colin return to the St. Paul's drop and to Oxford. Eileen stays behind, committing to live out her life in the past with Alf and Binnie. While waiting for the drop to open for her to return to Oxford, Polly also realizes that there is a resemblance between the grown-up Colin and Eileen, implying that Eileen will become his ancestor. Eileen also seemed to see this, since she called Colin "dear boy" and said "I will always be with you" before they left. Thus Eileen had another reason to remain behind in 1941. On VE-Day, May 7, 1945, Eileen is reunited during the celebrations with Vicar Goode, whom she has known since the beginning of the War while working for Lady Caroline in Warwickshire. Vicar Goode had always been kind to Alf and Binnie, and it is strongly implied that Eileen and Mr. Goode will marry and raise the children together. Characters Polly Churchill is a 25-year-old Oxford student historian (in 2060), with previous time-traveling experience, who goes to London as Polly Sebastian to become a shopgirl, in September 1940, to observe Londoners' reactions to the Blitz. She is unable to return to 2060 through her "drop" in London, and comes to believe she has a "deadline" to return or die, due to a previous trip back to a later time during World War II (since a time traveler cannot exist in the same time more than once). Polly can be sneaky and deceitful; she often lies to her friends Merope and Michael, apparently for the self-serving reason that she doesn't want to see them feel hurt if she tells them the truth about their situation. In one of her previous time-traveling trips to WWII, she was known as Mary Kent, a FANY nurse, who unknowingly treated Ernest (Michael Davis) after an HE attack, and who also saw Eileen (Merope Ward) on VE-Day.Not wishing to use the last name Churchill during a trip to WWII, she tells Merope that she chooses aliases from the plays of William Shakespeare; in this case, that of Sebastian from Twelfth Night, a play often quoted throughout the novel.She is also given, by her FANY friends, nicknames based on motorcycle manufacturers, such as Douglas, DeHavilland, and Triumph. Michael Davies is another 2060 Oxford student historian. While pretending to be an American reporter, Mike Davis, he tries to reach Dover in May 1940 to observe soldiers being evacuated back to England from Dunkirk. Instead, Mike is transported to Saltram-on-Sea, and ends up on a boat which goes to Dunkirk, where he loses half his right foot while helping to evacuate soldiers. After spending several months in a hospital in Orpington (in Greater London) he discovers that he cannot return to the future via his "drop" in Saltram-on-Sea, and in September 1940 travels to London in seeking Polly and her drop. When Michael |
later works on Fortitude South, he goes by the codename Ernest Worthing. (Fortitude South operatives in the book are named after characters in The Importance of Being Earnest). Willis might have taken Davies's last name from that of Lieutenant Robert Davies (GC), who distinguished himself during the Second World War with the Royal Engineers and was awarded the George Cross (GC) for the heroism he displayed in defusing a bomb which threatened to destroy St Paul's Cathedral on 12 September 1940. Merope Ward is a red-headed young Oxford historian (in 2060) making her first trip back in time to Warwickshire as a servant, Eileen O'Reilly, in a country house in 1939 to observe children evacuated from London. Her name Ward suggests her sympathy for the orphaned wards of the war-time. After Merope cannot return to 2060 Oxford via her drop in Warwickshire, she travels to London to seek help from her friend Polly. Unable ever to find a viable drop, she chooses to remain in England and to adopt and raise Alf and Binnie Hodbin. It is implied at the end of All Clear that she will marry Vicar Goode and will become an ancestor of Colin Templer. Alf and Binnie Hodbin (Binnie is an 11-year-old girl; Alf is her younger brother) are very troublesome young urchins evacuated from London to Warwickshire in 1939. Despite causing difficulties for Eileen (Merope), she nurses them after both catch measles (and saves Binnie's life when her measles turns into pneumonia). After a measles quarantine is lifted, Eileen delivers them both back to their mother in London in September 1940. Binnie, it turns out, has never been given a first name; "Binnie" is merely a nickname derived from her last name, Hodbin. When she fears dying and having no given name on her tombstone, Eileen tells her she can choose any name she likes. Binnie searches film magazines for a glamorous actress name. At one point, she chooses "Spitfire"; later she opts for Dolores, Rapunzel, Vera, and others. Finally she takes Eileen's name as her own, too. James Dunworthy, a Fellow (professor) of History in charge of time travel from Oxford in 2060. (Dunworthy was a pivotal character in "Fire Watch", Doomsday Book and To Say Nothing of the Dog.) His students think that he is overprotective. When he comes to believe that he alone is responsible for altering the "real" historical facts, he succumbs to despair. Polly finds him in St Paul's Cathedral in All Clear; in every story in which Dunworthy occurs, it is emphasized that he cares chiefly for the Cathedral, for his students, and for the importance of history. Lady Caroline Denewell - lives at Denewell Manor in Warwickshire where Eileen first serves and where the Hodbin children are evacuated; later she becomes the Major, Polly/Mary Kent's commanding officer at the FANY station in Dulwich. Sir Godfrey Kingsman is an elderly Shakespearean actor encountered by Polly in London in September 1940. A mutual attraction between them develops (despite the large difference between their ages), beyond their shared love of Shakespeare. Sir Godfrey intuits more about Polly than what she tells him. In 1941, he is in the Phoenix Theatre when it is bombed, and Polly saves his life. Commander Harold, an elderly and very determined patriot, and his nephew Jonathan live in Saltram-on-Sea and, with Michael, take their motor launch, the Lady Jane, to Dunkirk to help in the evacuation, even though Harold was never commissioned into the Royal Navy and was forbidden to go. Late in All Clear, Michael learns that they did not die at Dunkirk, as he |
had been told, but have been working for British Intelligence. To his pride, Harold was finally commissioned as a Sea captain. Colin Templer is a 17-year-old Eton College student (in 2060) who wants to become a time-traveling historian even before he's eligible to attend Oxford, and who has a crush on Polly. (An unauthorized previous trip into the past by Colin, occurring in Doomsday Book, is mentioned at the beginning of Blackout.) Because she is several years older than he, he begs her, at the beginning of Blackout, to allow him to travel long enough in time that he will become her age and date her properly. Against his plans and her wishes, this happens, and it is implied that they end up in a romantic relationship. Vicar Goode is, as his name suggests, a good man. Serving as vicar to the town of Denewell in Warwickshire, his duties are chiefly to his parish, but he spends much of his time obeying the orders of Lady Caroline Denewell, such as teaching her servants to drive automobiles in case they are needed to drive ambulances. He also befriends Merope (whom he knows as Eileen) and is fonder of her than she realizes; he helps with the orphaned children at Denewell Manor, and is one of the few adults whom the orphans Alf and Binnie respect and obey. When he meets Eileen again at the end of the War, it is strongly implied that they will marry and raise the two orphans together. Hugh Tensing is a civilian whom Mike Davies encounters in the hospital in Orpington, and who tells Mike he broke five ribs and injured his back after "a typewriter fell on me." In 1944, Mike is told by Commander Harold's nephew Jonathan that Tensing had actually "been shot in the spine." Hugh is vague about where he works, but is very good at solving crossword puzzles quickly. (The ability to solve crossword puzzles quickly was, at that time, one of the recruitment tests used by the British government for cryptographers.) Tensing later recruits Mike to work at Operation Fortitude. Mrs. Rickett is a civilian landlady whom Polly meets in a shelter and rents a tiny room from. (Polly is paying for breakfast and dinner at the boarding house, along with boarders Miss Laburnum, Miss Wyvern, Mr. Dorming, and eventually Eileen). Mrs. Rickett is, unfortunately, one of the non-heroes of the British war survivors, being a price-gouger; she is notorious for her expensive rental rates and her foul cooking, which often consists of boiled tripe, thin soup, or worse. The boarders are outraged when they have saved up their ration points to have a roasted goose for Christmas in 1940, and Mrs. Rickett takes the goose away to visit a relative in her country and leaves them with only turnip soup instead. Mrs. Rickett and three of her boarders die in a Luftwaffe attack in spring of 1941. Alan Turing was a historical figure, the chief of Hut 8 at Bletchley Park. Willis portrays him as an absent-minded professor and reckless driver, who while riding a bicycle runs over Michael moments after Michael arrives at Bletchley Park. Gerald Phipps is a 2060 Oxford historian with a background in maths. When Mike and Polly realize the need to contact him, they find that Merope is the one who last spoke with him, and she admits that she did not listen closely; she finds him boring and unbearable; she is certain he is there at the same time as they are, going to a place with a name (she says) consisting of |
two words which begin "with a D, I think. Or a P. Or possibly a T." It turns out that he was supposed to be at Bletchley Park in the Government Code and Cypher School, working on the Ultra program, but because of Dunworthy's changes to the time travel program, he was never able to go. Badri Chaudhuri runs "the Net" (Oxford's time-travel installation) in 2060. (This was also Badri's role in Doomsday Book and To Say Nothing of the Dog.) Development Connie Willis worked on the story for almost eight years, during which, she said during the Hugo Awards ceremony, she pushed "everyone's patience to the limit". In August, 2006, at the 64th World Science Fiction Convention, in a give-and-take with her audience, Willis described her novel-in-progress: "It's about World War 2, and I have four historians... One of them is with the evacuating children in the North of England; one of them is doing the Blitz; one of them is doing the civilian evacuation from Dunkirk, of soldiers but by civilians; and one of them is doing the Intelligence War involved in the lead-up to D-Day, where they fooled Hitler into thinking we were attacking at Calais, instead of at Normandy. And their lives are hopelessly intertwined; but then they all get in trouble—you know my books—they all get in terrible trouble and can't get out of it. And are stuck in World War II, for God's sake! So: Not a safe place to be." (An audience member called, "Better than the Plague!") Willis laughed but replied, "Not necessarily better than the Plague! In slightly better survival chance because they have the advantage of some knowledge that the locals don't have, but then again, historical events are notoriously inaccurate, and just because you think you know where all the bombs fell, doesn't mean you do. So that will figure heavily in the book... I have a lot of stuff to tell you about the war... The Brits were absolutely wonderful... They were great and plucky and funny under pressure." In a February 12, 2010 interview Connie Willis said: What are Blackout and All Clear about? They're about Dunkirk and ration books and D-Day and V-1 rockets, about tube shelters and Bletchley Park and gas masks and stirrup pumps and Christmas pantomimes and cows and crossword puzzles and the deception campaign. And mostly the book's about all the people who "did their bit" to save the world from Hitler—Shakespearean actors and ambulance drivers and vicars and landladies and nurses and WRENs and RAF pilots and Winston Churchill and General Patton and Agatha Christie—heroes all. Critical reception Michael Dirda of The Washington Post praised the diptych as "as vivid an evocation of England during World War II as anyone has ever written" and wrote that "Blackout is, by turns, witty, suspenseful, harrowing and occasionally comic to the point of slapstick." Adrienne Martini of Locus Online called the 1940s Britain that Willis created "richly textured". A. M. Dellamonica described the story as "an intricate puzzle" and "a celebration, too, of courage and heroism, of perseverance, of ordinary people doing small things to aid in great causes, of devotion, friendship, keeping one's word. It has funny characters and laugh out loud moments aplenty, but it is no wacky romp, this book, no To Say Nothing of the Dog. At the same time, I found it funnier and, strangely, cheerier than previous Willis novels with a comparable body count." Thomas M. Wagner called Blackout "an absolute monster of an epic, a time-travel saga so rich in scope that it's taking two volumes to |
tell, yet so intimate in its observation of character that what you take away from it are not thrilling action setpieces but those moments of bonding people share — warm, funny, confused, trivial, angry, heartfelt — that take on a new and infinitely greater meaning in the shadow of death... Amid the growing suspense, Willis builds an engrossing work of humanist fiction that avoids pathos and easy sentiment in depicting the quiet practicality and occasional heroism (and yes, the callousness) of Londoners surviving the Blitz. Memorable characters abound, and Willis's gift for natural dialogue brings scenes to life in a way that makes you feel you're in their presence. And she never pulls the lame stunt of creating a character for you to love just to kill them as an exercise in cheap button mashing. We get to know every one of the people with whom Polly shares a shelter every night, like the blustery, avuncular stage actor Sir Godfrey Kingsman, who quotes the Bard every time he opens his mouth yet whose personality rings true all the same. Eileen finds herself saddled with two of the most ill-behaved children in history, and yet you kind of like them, especially because, as a sort of brother-and-sister demolition duo with an appallingly indifferent and irresponsible mother, you realize they've only ever had each other." Julie Phillips of The Village Voice wrote, "Blackout/All Clear is neither tragedy nor comedy, but a mystery story with touches of grief and slapstick... None of the three historians manages to stand by and observe... The cast of characters is long, but Willis convinces you to care about almost all their fates — and to surprise you about their connection to each other. Willis's evocation of wartime London sometimes feels romanticized, and it has few moral or demographic complications... Nor is Willis's theme, the heroism of ordinary people, especially original. But by the time the three historians and Mr. Dunworthy have unraveled the mystery and arrived at the full-on, three-hanky finale, you'll no longer be a disinterested observer." Some reviewers complained of the length of the books and their narrative modes. Christopher DeFilippis, writing for the SF Site, said he thought the books "can best be described by words like 'belabored' and 'exasperating.' That's because the single story told in Blackout and All Clear didn't have to encompass two novels. Had it not been marred by endlessly repetitive prose and character actions, the narrative could have fit neatly into a single volume... Unfortunately, the bulk of Blackout is taken up by Polly, Mike and Eileen's individual realizations that they're trapped in the past, with each caught in a state of seemingly perpetual denial about their circumstances. Instead of acknowledging the blatant truth of their predicament, they concoct endless mental scenarios as to why their gates won't open... Willis goes on for pages with her protagonists repeatedly ruminating about the same "what ifs" over and over (and over) again. It may be understandable in the beginning of the story as the characters adjust to the magnitude of their situation. But it soon becomes apparent that this is what constitutes drama in Willis' universe and it never stops... It's a shame that these negatives so overwhelm Blackout and All Clear, because despite them the books feature many terrific characters moving in extremely interesting historical situations." Similarly, Adam Roberts of The Guardian wrote, "The result is a mildly interesting 200-page novel about the ordinary heroism of British civilians during the war, bloated to 800 pages via an egregiously handled time-travel conceit, eked out with great jellied quantities of historical research, |
endless meandering conversations, long passages disposed into that tiresome typographical convention by which characters' inmost thoughts are spelled out in italics, and a string of inconsequential chapter-end cliffhangers/immediate resolutions that got increasingly on my nerves as the book went on. There's little overall tension, and the time-travelling historians come over as both panicky and amateurish – an undesirable combination, one might think, where timelines are lying about ready to be mucked up." He added, though, "The aim is a commendable one. Despite walk-on parts by General Patton, Agatha Christie and Alan Turing, the bulk of the characters in All Clear are ordinary people getting on with their ordinary lives... And it can't be denied that the subject here, the heroism of ordinary people in testing times, is worthy and honourable." References External links Category:Novels about time travel Category:American science fiction novels Category:2010 American novels Category:2010 science fiction novels Category:Hugo Award for Best Novel-winning works Category:Nebula Award for Best Novel-winning works Category:Novels by Connie Willis Category:World War II novels Category:Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel winning works |
Banga, South Cotabato , officially the , is a in the province of , . According to the , it has a population of people. Banga is situated at the north-west of the province of South Cotabato. The town derived its name from a palm tree known to the natives of the place as "Buanga" which during the pre-settlement time, predominantly grew in the area. Banga is linked by a concrete national highway road from General Santos City in the east and Cotabato City in the west. The town is known for its spacious town plaza, its public market is situated in the heart of the town and ideally zonified. Water for households and commercial use is abundant and the best source to it is Banga River which narrowly dissects the municipality. It is the leading corn producer in the province and has made extraordinary achievements in terms of producing corn husk products for the local market. It is also blessed with rich resources such as livestock and rice and has shown potential for mango. Pineapple and banana production while endowed with big rice mills, metal craft potentials, places suited for inland fishing and some residential development. Banga works under the slogan “Cooperative Efforts towards Peace and Progress” and it is targeting to rapidly lift its economy to the highest level. Banga strives to sustaining self-sufficiency and increasing agricultural production. It currently aims for the diversification and intensification of traditional agricultural practices, advocacy of food sufficiency method such as vegetable and fruit planting, poultry and livestock development within family farms, intensification on agricultural nurseries for a high yielding variety of crops, strengthening of information dissemination of appropriate technology to all farmers in the Barangay’s by providing effective seminars, workshop and training in proper management of farmer’s cooperative. Barangays Banga is politically subdivided into 22 barangays. History It started as a Settlement District of the Allah Valley Project of the National Land Settlement Administration (NLSA) on March 4, 1941, with Gen. Paulino Santos as the General Manager. On September 11, 1953, by way of Presidential Proclamation No. 612 of the then President Elpidio Quirino, it was emancipated as a barrio of Koronadal and became an independent municipal entity. Demographics Resources Corn, livestock, rice mango production potential, pine- apple, bananas, big rice mills, metal craft, inland fishing residential development. Festivals Pasundayag Festival – 1st Week of March Pasundayag, an Ilonggo term which means “show” or “presentation” is a unique fiesta celebration which showcases the municipality’s local talents in a week-long celebration of good life and thanksgiving of the people of Banga. Banga, the corn production center of South Cotabato, celebrates its foundation every 1st Week of March with a colorful Pasundayag festival a showcase of merry-making activities with its week-long events of beer and food festivals, street dancing competition, beauty pageant, trade fare, bargain shops and street parties. Tourist attractions Mila's Peak is the highest part of the Roxas Mt. Range in the east which elevates viewers to a ground where they can see the vast plains towards Mt. Matutum in the east and the entire Allah Valley areas in the north-west. Sitio Lamkot is located at Barangay Malaya. The uniqueness of the said sitio is one the spot where the agricultural plain surrounded by a mountain, open a panorama of a typical village that could sustain its economic needs independently in the midst of Plenty and Beauty. Educational institutions Secondary: Elementary: {{Columns-list|colwidth=30em| Notre Dame of Banga Elementary Dept. Lamba Central Elementary School BEC Elementary School SDA Elementary School Lampari Elementary School Liwanay Elementary School Purok Rizal Pob. Elementary School Banga Central |
Elementary School Purok Reyes Central Elementary School El Nonok Elementary School San Vicente Elementary School Malaya Elementary School Matlong Elementary School Rizal 3 Elementary School Notable people from Banga Orlando Quevedo - Filipino prelate of the Catholic Church. A Cardinal since 2014, he was Archbishop of Cotabato from 1998 to 2018. He became a bishop in 1980. Delfin Lorenzana - 36th Secretary of National Defense of the Philippines. References External links Philippine Standard Geographic Code Philippine Census Information Category:Municipalities of South Cotabato |
Shah Jahan Baloch Shah Jahan Baloch (; born 3 June 1972) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan, from June 2013 to May 2018. Early life He was born on 3 June 1972. Political career He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) from Constituency NA-248 (Karachi-X) in 2013 Pakistani general election. He received 84,530 votes and defeated Subhan Ali Sahil, a candidate of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). References Category:Living people Category:Pakistan Peoples Party politicians Category:Pakistani MNAs 2013–2018 Category:People from Lyari Town Category:Politicians from Karachi Category:1972 births |
Kiwity, West Pomeranian Voivodeship Kiwity (formerly German Kiewitt) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Mieszkowice, within Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border. It lies approximately north-east of Mieszkowice, south of Gryfino, and south of the regional capital Szczecin. Before 1945 the area was part of Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania. References Kiwity |
Redhouse, County Kilkenny Redhouse () is a townland in County Kilkenny, Ireland located midway between the towns of Callan and Kilmanagh. Redhouse is noted in historical records as having a well which was used by thousands during the Great Irish Famine as many other wells in the area had gone dry. To this is attributed a higher than average survival rate in the area during the famine. See also List of towns and villages in Ireland Category:Townlands of County Kilkenny |
Watson Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania Watson Township is a township in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 550 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Williamsport, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. History Watson Township was formed in January 1848 from parts of Porter and Cummings Townships. It is named for Oliver Watson who was the president of a bank in nearby Williamsport at the time. Watson Township is and always has been a largely unpopulated area. It is mountainous and covered with a thriving second growth forest. During the late 1800s much of the land was stripped of its old-growth forests. At the time central Pennsylvania, and the city of Williamsport was the center of the lumber industry in the United States. Trees were cut down and floated down Pine Creek, which flows through Watson Township. There were several sawmills along Pine Creek in the township. Other early attempts at industry included an iron forge along Furnace Run. There were several deposits of iron ore in Watson Township, but the ore proved to be of low quality and the investors in the iron furnaces struggled to turn a profit. The furnaces were abandoned and little evidence of their existence remains. Geography Watson Township is bordered by Clinton County to the west, Cummings Township to the north, Mifflin Township to the east, and Porter Township to the south. As the crow flies, Lycoming County is about northwest of Philadelphia and east-northeast of Pittsburgh. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 23.5 square miles (61.0 km2).23.2 square miles (60.1 km2) of it is land and 0.3 square miles (0.9 km2) of it (1.49%) is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 550 people, 220 households, and 168 families residing in the township. The population density was 23.7 people per square mile (9.2/km2). There were 285 housing units at an average density of 12.3/sq mi (4.7/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 98.73% White, 0.18% African American, and 1.09% from two or more races. There were 220 households, out of which 25.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.6% were married couples living together, 4.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.83. In the township the population was spread out, with 18.9% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 36.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 107.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.5 males. The median income for a household in the township was $40,250, and the median income for a family was $45,526. Males had a median income of $33,558 versus $21,607 for females. The per capita income for the township was $19,406. About 9.5% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over. References Category:Townships in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania Category:Populated places established in 1784 Category:1784 establishments in Pennsylvania |
Gavrila Törok Gavrila Törok (born 7 May 1919) was a Romanian water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics. References Category:1919 births Category:Possibly living people Category:Romanian male water polo players Category:Olympic water polo players of Romania Category:Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics Category:Sportspeople from Timișoara |
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