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Pechersky Ascension Monastery Pechersky Ascension Monastery (, Pechyorsky Vozensensky Monastyr) is a monastery in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. It is the principal monastery of the Nizhny Novgorod Eparchy (diocese) and the seat of the Bishop of Nizhny Novgorod and Arzamas. History Pechersky Voznesensky Monastery is usually said to have been founded ca. 1328-1330 by St. Dionysius, who came to Nizhny Novgorod from Kiev Pechersk Lavra (i.e., Kiev Monastery of the Caves, pechery meaning 'caves') with several other monks, and dug for himself a cave on the step Volga shore some 3 km southeast of the city. Later on, he founded at that site a monastery with a church of Resurrection of the Lord. The monastery soon became an important spiritual and religious center of the Principality of Suzdal and Nizhny Novgorod. The monastery was destroyed by a landslide on June 18, 1597; surprisingly, no one died. The same year the monastery was rebuilt about 1 km upstream (north) of the old site. Although there are no caves in the modern monastery, the appellation Pechersky, linking it to the old Kiev cloister, has been preserved. Moreover, the entire section of Nizhny Novgorod surrounding the monastery, occupying the uplands above the Volga south of the city center, is known as Pechery. The monastery was closed by the NKVD in 1924, and reopened in 1994. Principal buildings The principal buildings of the monastery include: Ascension Cathedral (Вознесенский собор), constructed in 1630—1632. The Church of Dormition of Our Lady (Успенская церковь), 1648. The Church of Saint Venerable Euthimios of Suzdal, built over the monastery's inner gate (Надвратная церковь во имя св. преп. Евфимия Суздальского), 1645. The Church of SS Peter and Paul (Церковь во имя св. апостолов Петра и Павла), 1738. Bishop's residence (архиерейские палаты), 1632. Hegumen's building (игуменский корпус), 1765. Monks' residence (братский корпус), 17th century. The belfry of the Ascension Cathedral (which also serves as a clock tower) is noticeably out of plumb. It has been leaning almost since the time it was originally constructed. The monastery is surrounded by a red brick wall with small towers, making it look like a small kremlin. The diocesan archeological museum and a book and icon shop operate in the monastery. In the latter, one can request a variety of prayers for the living and dead, in accordance with the posted fee list. Holy relics In 2006-2007, the monastery housed an important relic known as the Honorable Head (i.e., skull) of the Venerable Macarius. It was solemnly transferred to Makaryev Monastery in 2007. External links An extract from a 19th century Nizhny Novgorod guide book Frescos of the refectory of the Ascension Cathedral in Nizhny Novgorod's Pechersky Ascension Monastery Category:Churches in Nizhny Novgorod Category:Museums in Nizhny Novgorod Category:Religious museums in Russia Category:Russian Orthodox monasteries in Russia |
Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Fighting Edition Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Fighting Edition is a 2D competitive fighting video game based on the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers television series that was released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System developed by Natsume and published by Bandai in 1995. Unlike previous Power Rangers video games, which had the player controlling the titular heroes, the player controls their giant robots (known as Zords) in this title. The developers would later use the same engine for the Super Famicom fighting game Shin Kidō Senki Gundam Wing: Endless Duel. Gameplay Fighting Edition follows the same rules and format of most 2D fighting games released at the time: the player's objective is to defeat their opponent in a best two-out-of-three match using their character's standard and special moves. The player has four basic attack buttons (two punch buttons and two weapon buttons) and a set of command-based special moves unique to each character. The player can grab and throw their opponent like other fighting games, but if two characters attempt to do this at the same time, they will wrestle each other until one overpowers the other. Below each character's vitality gauge is a power gauge that automatically fills up and resets during battle. If the player performs a special move at the exact moment the gauge is filled, their power level will increase by one level, allowing the player to perform stronger attacks. If the player manages to increase their power level a third time, the gauge will be temporarily replaced by a thunderbolt symbol, allowing the player to perform a super move during this period. There are three game modes in Fighting Edition: a Story Mode where the player fights against the computer in a series of story-based matches; a Fighting Mode, where the player goes against another player or the computer (or have two computer opponents fight each other); and a Trial Mode where a single player must defeat as many opponents as possible without losing. Characters There are a total of nine fighters in Fighting Edition, which are derived primarily from the TV show's second and third seasons. Only the Thunder Megazord and the Mega Tigerzord are selectable in the Story Mode and the rest are fought throughout the course of the game, with Ivan Ooze (the antagonist of Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie) as the final adversary. The other characters are immediately selectable in Fighting Mode and Trial Mode with the exception of Ivan Ooze, who is only playable in Fighting Mode via a cheat code given for completing Story Mode on the hard difficulty setting. Reception GamePro gave the game a mostly negative review, citing a lack of depth and originality, choppy animation, slow-moving characters, dull backgrounds, and sound effects which are mostly recycled from other video games. However, they did praise the detailed character sprites and easy controls and concluded that "True Ranger fans or beginner fighters may enjoy this simple game." See also Shin Kidō Senki Gundam Wing: Endless Duel References Category:1995 video games Category:Bandai games Category:Mighty Morphin Power Rangers Category:Natsume (company) games Category:Power Rangers video games Category:Side-scrolling video games Category:Super Nintendo Entertainment System games Category:Super Nintendo Entertainment System-only games Category:Versus fighting games Category:Video games developed in Japan Category:Video games scored by Hiroyuki Iwatsuki Category:Multiplayer and single-player video games Category:Superhero video games |
Benthamaspis Benthamaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the early part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, a faunal stage which lasted from approximately 478 to 471 million years ago. References Category:Proetida genera Category:Early Ordovician trilobites of Europe Category:Fossils of Ireland Category:Fossils of Canada Category:Ordovician trilobites of North America Category:Paleontology in North Dakota Category:Paleozoic life of Alberta Category:Paleozoic life of Newfoundland and Labrador |
Elizabeth Johnson Elizabeth Johnson may refer to: Elizabeth Johnson (died 1752) (1689–1752), wife of Samuel Johnson, an English writer Elizabeth Johnson (pamphleteer) (1721–1800), longitude projector Eliza McCardle Johnson (1810–1876), First Lady of the United States, wife of President Andrew Johnson Elizabeth A. Johnson (fl. 1870–1901), donated the land that makes up the Pawnee Indian Museum State Historic Site, Kansas Elizabeth Johnson (theologian) (born 1941), Christian feminist theologian E. Elizabeth Johnson, Presbyterian biblical scholar Betty Johnson (born 1931), American traditional pop and cabaret singer Betsey Johnson (born 1942), American fashion designer Betty Johnson (physicist) (1936–2003), American theoretical physicist Betsy Johnson (politician) (born 1951), American politician in Oregon Liz Johnson (bowler) (born 1974), American professional bowler Liz Johnson (swimmer) (born 1985), British Paralympic gold medallist Elizabeth Johnson, American Horror Story: Hotel character See also Elizabeth Johnston (disambiguation) |
Price Public Elementary School Price Public Elementary School, now known as Price Public Community Center and Swift Museum, is a former African-American school in Rogersville, Tennessee. It currently serves as a community center. The site of the school was dedicated to African-American education in 1868, when Alexander Fain, Jordan Netherland, Albert Jones and Nathaniel Mitchell bought the land "for the purpose of building a schoolhouse for the education of colored children." A schoolhouse was built and used until the early 1900s. The current building replaced it in 1922. Price School operated until 1958, when it closed and its students were transferred to Swift High School, which was converted from a high school to a grade K-12 school. When integration took place in Rogersville, during the 1960s, the city's African-American elementary school students were transferred to Rogersville City School, also a K-8 institution. The Price School building was subsequently used as a cannery, a community center, and a storage building, then was abandoned and became run-down. The school was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The building underwent a restoration beginning in the mid-1990s as a result of cooperative efforts between the town, the local African-American community, the local American Legion Auxiliary, the Chamber of Commerce, the Rogersville Heritage Association, and other civic organizations. The project was aided by a rural development grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Following restoration, in 2003 the Price Public Community Center opened in the building. The Swift Museum in the center opened to the public in 2008. The community center and museum offer resources for learning and teaching about African-American history and culture. See also St. Marks Presbyterian Church (Rogersville, Tennessee) References Further reading Category:School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee Category:Rogersville, Tennessee Category:African-American museums in Tennessee Category:Buildings and structures in Hawkins County, Tennessee Category:Defunct schools in Tennessee Category:Historically segregated African-American schools in Tennessee Category:National Register of Historic Places in Hawkins County, Tennessee� |
Mishler Theatre The Mishler Theatre is a Beaux-Arts stage and movie theater located at 1208 Twelfth Avenue in Altoona, Pennsylvania. It was designed by Albert E. Westover and built by local theatre owner and manager Isaac Charles Mishler and opened on February 15, 1906. Nine months later, the neighboring Rothert building caught fire, which quickly spread to the theater, destroying the interior. The theater was rebuilt and re-opened in 1907. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is located in the Downtown Altoona Historic District. Restoration After disuse in the mid-20th century, the theatre was considered for demolition in 1965. In response, the Altoona Community Theatre and the Blair County Arts Foundation purchased it and began renovation. The theatre reopened in 1969 for a performance of The Sound of Music. Early renovation included replacement of the seats and the lobby's chandelier, the new one purchased in 1970 at a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer auction. Major structural, plumbing, and electrical work began in the early 1990s. At the most recent estimate, the restoration has cost approximately $1.8 million. References External links BCAF's photo gallery of the Mishler Theatre. Category:Theatres on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania Category:Buildings and structures in Altoona, Pennsylvania Category:Reportedly haunted locations in Pennsylvania Category:Theatres in Pennsylvania Category:Tourist attractions in Blair County, Pennsylvania Category:Historic American Buildings Survey in Pennsylvania Category:Altoona, Pennsylvania Category:National Register of Historic Places in Blair County, Pennsylvania Category:Cinemas and movie theaters in Pennsylvania Category:Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Pennsylvania Category:Theatres completed in 1906 |
Abbas Jadidi Abbas Jadidi (, born January 13, 1969, in Tehran) is an Iranian wrestler who competed in the Freestyle Heavyweight (90–100 kg) category at the 1996 Summer Olympics, losing to Kurt Angle and winning the silver medal. He was suspended from competing for two years for doping. He was elected as a member of Tehran City Council in 2013 local elections. Achievements Olympic Silver 1996 Atlanta World Champion 1998 World Bronze 1995, 1999 World Cup Champion 1998 Asian Champion 1993, 1996, 1998 References External links Profile Category:1969 births Category:Living people Category:Olympic wrestlers of Iran Category:Wrestlers at the 1996 Summer Olympics Category:Wrestlers at the 2000 Summer Olympics Category:Iranian male sport wrestlers Category:Olympic silver medalists for Iran Category:Iranian sportspeople in doping cases Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Asian Games gold medalists for Iran Category:Asian Games silver medalists for Iran Category:Olympic medalists in wrestling Category:Asian Games medalists in wrestling Category:Wrestlers at the 1998 Asian Games Category:Wrestlers at the 2002 Asian Games Category:World Wrestling Championships medalists Category:Iranian sportsperson-politicians Category:Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics Category:Medalists at the 1998 Asian Games Category:Medalists at the 2002 Asian Games Category:Tehran Councillors 2013–2017 Category:Recipients of the Order of Courage (Iran) |
Behzad Razavi Behzad Razavi () is an Iranian-American professor and researcher of electrical and electronic engineering. Noted for his research in communications circuitry, Razavi is the director of the Communication Circuits Laboratory at the University of California Los Angeles. He is a Fellow and a distinguished lecturer for the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Among his awards, Razavi is a two-time recipient of the Beatrice Winner Award for Editorial Excellence at the 1994 and 2001 International Solid-State Circuits Conferences. Career Razavi attended the Sharif University of Technology in Tehran and received a BS degree in Electrical Engineering in 1985. After moving to the United States, he obtained his Masters and PhD degrees from Stanford University in 1988 and 1992, respectively. Razavi initially worked as an engineer for AT&T Bell Laboratories and was an adjunct professor at Princeton University from 1992 to 1994. He returned to California in 1995 to work at Hewlett-Packard while an adjunct professor at Stanford University. In 1996 he became an Associate Professor and subsequently full Professor of electrical engineering at the University of California Los Angeles. Razavi specializes in telecommunications circuitry and his research involves work with data receivers, frequency synthesizers, and phase-locking and clock recovery for high-speed data communications. From 1993 to 2002, Razavi served on the Technical Program Committees of the International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC), as well as for the Symposium on VLSI Circuits from 1998 to 2002. He has also worked as an editor for professional journals including the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I, and the International Journal of High Speed Electronics. Razavi was acknowledged with a fellowship in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2003 "for contributions to high-speed communication circuits". He is a distinguished lecturer for the IEEE. He is the author/editor of seven books and is recognized as one of the top 10 authors in the 50-year history of ISSCC. Awards 1994 Beatrice Winner Award for Editorial Excellence, (with J. Sung), A 6GHz 60 mW BiCMOS Phase-Locked Loop with 2V Supply, International Solid-State Circuits Conference, IEEE 1994 Best Paper Award, European Solid-State Circuits Conference, IEEE 1995 Best Panel Award, International Solid-State Circuits Conference, IEEE 1997 Best Panel Award, International Solid-State Circuits Conference, IEEE 1997 Innovative Teaching Award, TRW 1998 Best Paper Award, Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, IEEE 2001 Beatrice Winner Award for Editorial Excellence, (with J. Savoj), A 10 Gb/s CMOS Clock and Data Recovery Circuit with Frequency Detection, International Solid-State Circuits Conference, IEEE 2001 Jack Kilby Outstanding Student Paper Award (with L. Der), A 2 GHz CMOS Image-Reject Receiver with Sign-Sign LMS Calibration., International Solid-State Circuits Conference, IEEE 2006 Excellence in Teaching Award, Lockheed Martin 2007 UCLA Faculty Senate Teaching Award 2012 IEEE Donald O. Pederson Award in Solid-State Circuits Bibliography Principles of Data Conversion System Design, IEEE Press, (1995) Monolithic Phase-Locked Loops and Clock Recovery Circuits, IEEE Press, (1996) RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall, (1998) (translated into Chinese and Japanese) Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw-Hill, (2001) (translated to Chinese, Persian and Japanese) Design of Integrated Circuits for Optical Communications, McGraw-Hill, (2003) Phase-Locking in High-Performance Systems, IEEE Press, (2003) Fundamentals of Microelectronics, Wiley, (2006) References External links Behzad Razavi at the UCLA Communication Circuits Laboratory Category:Iranian electrical engineers Category:American electrical engineers Category:Sharif University of Technology alumni Category:Iranian emigrants to the United States Category:Electrical engineering academics Category:Fellow Members of the IEEE Category:Living people Category:Iranian expatriate academics Category:Year of birth missing (living people) |
1995 Australian Super Touring Championship The 1995 Australian Super Touring Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing championship for 2 Litre Super Touring Cars. It was the third series for 2 litre Super Touring Cars to be contested in Australia, but the first to use the Australian Super Touring Championship name. It began on 5 March 1995 at Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit and ended on 26 August at Eastern Creek Raceway after eight rounds. Teams and drivers The following teams and drivers competed in the 1995 Australian Super Touring Championship. Results and Standings Race Calendar The 1995 Australian Super Touring Championship was contested over eight rounds with two races per round. Drivers Championship Points were awarded on a 24-18-12-10-8-6-4-3-2-1 basis for the top ten positions in each race. Manufacturers Championship Teams Championship TOCA Privateers Cup Championship name The championship was promoted by TOCA Australia as the 1995 2.0 L Super Touring Championship but is recognized by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as the 1995 Australian Super Touring Championship. See also 1995 Australian Touring Car season References Further reading Australian Motor Racing Year, 1995 External links 1995 Australian Super Touring Championship at www.supertouringregister.com 1995 Touring Car racing images at www.autopics.com.au Category:Australian Super Touring Championship Super Touring Car Championship |
Masters W45 shot put world record progression Masters W45 shot put world record progression is the progression of world record improvements of the shot put W45 division of Masters athletics. Records must be set in properly conducted, official competitions under the standing IAAF rules unless modified by World Masters Athletics. The W45 division consists of female athletes who have reached the age of 45 but have not yet reached the age of 50, so exactly from their 45th birthday to the day before their 50th birthday. The W45 division throws exactly the same 4 kg implement as the Women's Open division. Key References Masters Athletics Shot Put list All Time Athletics Category:Masters athletics world record progressions Shot |
Takayuki Suzuki (disambiguation) Takayuki Suzuki may refer to: Takayuki Suzuki (born 1976), 鈴木 隆行 a Japanese international football player Takayuki Suzuki (born 1973), 鈴木 敬之 a Japanese football player Takayuki Suzuki (born 1987), 鈴木 孝幸 a Japanese Paralympic swimmer |
Pennsylvania Senate, District 24 Pennsylvania State Senate District 24 includes parts of Berks County, Bucks County, and Montgomery County. It includes the following areas: Berks County Bally Bechtelsville Boyertown Colebrookdale Township District Township Earl Township Hereford Township Longswamp Township Pike Township Rockland Township Washington Township Bucks County Bridgeton Township Durham Township Milford Township Nockamixon Township Quakertown Richland Township Richlandtown Riegelsville Springfield Township Tinicum Township Trumbauersville Montgomery County Douglass Township East Greenville Green Lane Lansdale Lower Frederick Township Lower Salford Township Marlborough Township New Hanover Township Pennsburg Perkiomen Township Pottstown Red Hill Salford Township Schwenksville Skippack Township Towamencin Township Trappe Upper Frederick Township Upper Hanover Township Upper Pottsgrove Township Upper Salford Township West Pottsgrove Township Senators References Category:Pennsylvania Senate districts Category:Government of Berks County, Pennsylvania Category:Government of Bucks County, Pennsylvania Category:Government of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania |
Magda Popeanu Magda (Bîrsan) Popeanu (born Târgoviște, May 20, 1956) is a Canadian politician. She graduated from "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" High School Iaşi. After getting a BA in Electronics Engineering from Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași in 1980 she worked in computer sciences. Popeanu was a 1989 Romanian revolutionary. She immigrated to Canada in 1992. She taught computer engineering for Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys for many years. Popeanu was a candidate for Projet Montréal in the 2005 and 2009 elections in Côte-des-Neiges district where she obtained 16% and 31.6% of the vote, respectively. Popeanu has served as the president of Projet Montréal since 2006. Popeanu currently serves as a member of Montreal City Council, representing the district of Côte-des-Neiges in the borough of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce. Popeanu has served on Montreal city council since 2013. References Category:1956 births Category:People from Târgoviște Category:Living people Category:Romanian revolutionaries Category:Romanian activists Category:Romanian women activists Category:Romanian emigrants to Canada Category:Montreal city councillors Category:Women in Quebec politics Category:Women municipal councillors in Canada Category:21st-century Canadian politicians Category:21st-century Canadian women politicians |
Electoral results for the Division of Batman This is a list of electoral results for the Division of Batman in Australian federal elections from the division's creation in 1906 until its abolition in 2019. Members Election results Elections in the 2010s 2016 2013 2010 Elections in the 2000s 2007 2004 2001 Elections in the 1990s 1998 1996 1993 1990 Elections in the 1980s 1987 1984 1983 1980 Elections in the 1970s 1977 1975 1974 1972 Elections in the 1960s 1969 1966 1963 1961 Elections in the 1950s 1958 1955 1954 1951 Elections in the 1940s 1949 1946 1943 1940 Elections in the 1930s 1937 1934 1931 Elections in the 1920s 1929 1928 1925 1922 Elections in the 1910s 1919 1917 1914 1913 1910 Elections in the 1900s 1906 References Australian Electoral Commission. Federal election results Carr, Adam. Psephos Category:Australian federal electoral results by division |
Redemption (Fast novel) Redemption is a 1999 novel written by Jewish writer Howard Fast, who wrote the novel Spartacus in the 1950s. Redemption is both a romance, a legal drama, and Fast's first suspense novel, depicting Ike Goldman, an old professor emeritus falling in love with a woman named Elizabeth, who is later accused of her ex-husband's murder. The novel is published by Harcourt Brace & Company. References External links Category:1999 American novels Category:Romance novels Category:Novels by Howard Fast |
Jewish commentaries on the Bible Jewish commentaries on the Bible are biblical commentaries of the Hebrew Bible (the Tanakh) from a Jewish perspective. Translations into Aramaic and English, and some universally accepted Jewish commentaries with notes on their method of approach and modern translations into English with notes are listed. Earliest printing The complete Tanakh in Hebrew, with commentaries by Rashi, Radak, Ramban, and Ralbag was printed in 1517 by Daniel Bomberg and edited by Felix Pratensis under the name Mikraot Gedolot. The Tanakh was handed down in manuscript form along with a method of checking the accuracy of the transcription known as mesorah. Many codices containing the Masoretic Text were gathered by Jacob ben Hayyim ibn Adonijah and were used to publish an accurate text. It was published by Daniel Bomberg in 1525. Later editions were edited with the help of Elia Levita. Various editions of Mikraot Gedolot are still in print. Translations Targum A Targum is a translation of the Bible into Aramaic. The classic Targumim are Targum Onkelos on the Chumash (a Torah in printed form), Targum Jonathan on Nevi'im (the Prophets), and a fragmentary Targum Yerushalmi. There is no standard Aramaic translation of the Ketuvim. Targum Onkelos Targum Onkelos is the most often consulted literal translation of the Bible with a few exceptions. Figurative language is usually not translated literally but is explained (e.g., Gen. 49:25; Ex. 15:3, 8, 10; 29:35). Geographical names are often replaced by those current at a later time (e.g., Gen. 10:10; Deut. 3:17). According to the Talmud, the Torah and its translation into Aramaic were given to Moses on Mount Sinai, because Egyptian slaves spoke Aramaic. After the Babylonian exile, the Targum was completely forgotten. Onkelos, a Roman convert to Judaism, was able to reconstruct the original Aramaic. Saadia Gaon disagrees and says the Aramaic of Onkelos was never a spoken language. He believed that Onkelos's Aramaic was an artificial construct, a combination of Eastern and Western dialects of Aramaic. The mayor commentary on Targum Onkelos is "Netinah LaGer" written by Nathan Marcus Adler. Targum Jonathan According to scholars, Targum Jonathan found in the Chumash was not written by Jonathan ben Uzziel, who refer to it instead as Targum Pseudo-Jonathan. According to the Encyclopaedia Judaica internal evidence shows that it was written sometime between the 7th and 14th centuries CE. For example, Ishmael's wife's name is translated into Aramaic as Fatima (who was Mohammed's daughter) and therefore Targum Pseudo-Jonathan must have been written after Mohammed's birth. The classic Hebrew commentators would turn this argument around, and say that Mohammed's daughter was named after Ismael's wife. Both sides will agree, however that stylistically Jonathan's commentary on the Chumash is very different from the commentary on Neviim. The Targum Jonathan on Neviim is written in a very terse style, similar to Onkelos on Chumash, but on the average Targum Jonathan on Chumash is almost twice as wordy. Targum Yerushalmi The Jerusalem Targum exists only in fragmentary form. It translates a total of approximately 850 verses, phrases, and words. No one knows who wrote it. Some speculate that it was a printers error. The printer saw a manuscript headed with "TY" and assumed it was a Targum Yerushalmi when actually it was an early version of Targum Yonathan. Others speculate that it was written by a R. Yosef or R. Hoshea (Yihoshua). Modern translations Commentaries Methodology For comparing one verse to another see Talmudical hermeneutics For understanding one verse see Pardes (Jewish exegesis) Rishonim (1000–1600) Rashi 1040–1106 Rashi (Shlomo Yitzchaki) is the most influential Jewish exegete of all time. He is the preeminent expounder |
of Peshat. Rashi says "I, however, am only concerned with the plain sense of Scripture and with such Aggadot that explain the words of Scripture in a manner that fits in with them". There have also been many super-commentaries written on Rashi's basic commentary, including: Be'er Mayim Chaim, by Chaim ben Betzalel (1515–1588), the older brother of Judah Loew ben Bezalel. Amar Nekeh, by Obadiah ben Abraham Bartenura (c. 1440–1516), a leading rabbi of Italy and Jerusalem, best known for his commentary on the Mishnah. Divrei David, by David HaLevi Segal (1586–1667), a Polish rabbinical authority known as the Taz for his classic commentary on the Shulchan Aruch. Gur Aryeh al haTorah, by the Judah Loew ben Bezalel (1526–1609), known for this work and for his fundamental works on Jewish philosophy and mysticism Maskil le-David, by David Pardo (1710–1792). Sefer ha-Mizrachi, by Elijah Mizrachi (1450–1525), which has itself spawned multiple supercommentaries such as Yeri'ot Shlomo by Solomon Luria and Leshon Arummim by Barzillai ben Baruch Jabez. Nachalas Yaakov Sefer Ha-zikaron, by Abraham Lévy-Bacrat, who lived through the Spanish Expulsion of 1492. Siftei Chachamim, by Shabbethai Bass, which analyzes other supercommentaries on Rashi and is considered important enough that a shortened version, Ikkar Sifsei Chachamim, is often printed with the commentary of Rashi. Rashbam 1085–1158 Rashbam (Samuel ben Meir) was the grandson of Rashi and the brother of Rabbeinu Tam. Tobiah ben Eliezer 11th century Greece Tobiah ben Eliezer was a Romaniote scholar and paytan, who wrote the Leḳaḥ Ṭov or Pesiḳta Zuṭarta, a midrashic commentary on the Pentateuch and the Five Megillot. The Talmudic passages which he cites in connection with the halakot he often interprets according to his own judgment and differently from Rashi. Like many other Biblical commentators, he translates certain words into the language of the country in which he is living, namely, Greek. Abraham ibn Ezra 1092–1167 Ibn Ezra was a contemporary of the Rashbam. His commentary on Chumash was reprinted under the name Sefer HaYashar. He clearly separates the literal meaning of a biblical verse from the traditional meaning, upon which the halacha is based, and from the homiletic meaning drush. He explains that the traditional meaning and the homiletic meaning do not attempt to imply meaning to the verse; they only uses the verse as a mnemonic. David Kimhi 1160–1235 David Kimchi followed the methodology of Ibn Ezra. He deemphasised homiletics and emphasised the Talmudic interpretations when they reached his standard of peshat. In his exegesis he strove for clarity and readability, as opposed to his predecessors who emphasised conciseness. His commentaries are said to have "a remarkably modern flavor" Of the Chumash, only Radak on Breishit survives. Nachmanides 1194–1270 Nachmanides (Ramban or Moses ben Nahman) was the first biblical commentator to introduce kabbalistic concepts into his exegesis. He differed from the Zohar in that he believed that the transcendent nature of God is absolutely unknowable by man, whereas the school of Zoharists believed that transcendence is comprehensible through revelation, ecstasy, and in the contemplation of history. Ramban expressed his views through the Sod aspect of his commentary. He also expressed, in his commentary, his belief that all mitzvot had a comprehensible and rational explanation. Jacob ben Asher 1270–1340 The author of the Arba'ah Turim, a precursor of the Shulchan Aruch Jacob ben Asher wrote a commentary on the Torah in which he anthologised the Pshat element of his predecessors. At the beginning of each section he wrote, as brain teasers, some explanations using Remez. These were gathered and printed under the name Baal HaTurim. The Baal HaTurim is printed in all modern editions |
of Mikraot Gedolot. The full commentary titled Perush ha-Tur ha-Arokh al ha-Torah, was published in Jerusalem in 1981. Gersonides 1288–1344 Gersonides (The Ralbag or Levi ben Gershon) based his exegesis on three principles: What can be learned through the nine principles (he believed that four of them were not allowed to be used in post-talmudic times). Every story in the Bible come to teach us ethical, religious, and philosophical ideas. Most of what we call Remez can be clearly understood by resorting to exact translation and grammatical analysis. He also condemned allegorical explanation. Hezekiah ben Manoah 13th century France The Hizkuni based his kabbalistic commentary primarily on Rashi, but also used up to 20 other sources, including Dunash ben Labrat. Isaac Abarbanel 1437–1508 In his commentary on Tanach, before each section, he would list a series of questions exploring the conceptual problems in the section from both exegetical and theological perspectives. His commentary would attempt to answer these questions through Pshat and Medrash. He distinguished between Medrashim that were part of Mesorah and those that were mere opinion and could be safely disregarded. Acharonim (1600–) Me'am Lo'ez 1730-1777 Metsudot 18th century The Metsudot (the fortresses) are a commentary on Neviim and Ketuvim written by Rabbi David Altshuler. When he died, his son Yechiel completed it and divided it into two sections: Metsudat Zion, a glossary of difficult words, and Metsudat David, a restatement of difficult ideas. Malbim 1809–1879 The Malbim's (Meir Leibush ben Yehiel Michel Wisser) exegesis is based on several assumptions. There are no extra words or synonyms in the Bible. Every word is meaningful. Drush is as explicit as Pshat is, except that Drush has different rules of usage and syntax. The basis of the whole of the Oral law is explicit in the Bible, either through Pshat or Drush. The only exception is when the Oral Law states that the law is not found in the Bible and is designated as Halacha l'Moshe m'Sinai. Samson Raphael Hirsch 1808–1888 Hirsch was a German rabbi during the reformation period. His commentary focuses on the grammar and structure of the language of the Tanakh to facilitate understand the laws being given. His commentary includes the Five Books of Moses and other various parts of the Tanakh. Torah Temimah 1860–1941 Baruch Epstein (Baruch ben Yechiel Michael HaLevi) was a bank worker by profession who devoted all of his extra time to Jewish studies. To write the Torah Temimah, he gathered excerpts from the Talmud and other sources of the Oral Law and arranged them in the order of the verses of the Written Law to which they refer. He then wove the excerpts into a commentary on the Bible and annotated each excerpt with critical notes and insights. Nechama Leibowitz 1905–1997 In the early 1940s professor Leibowitz began mailing study sheets on the weekly Torah reading to her students throughout the world. The study sheets included essays on the weekly portion, source notes, and questions. She encouraged her students to send their answers to her for correction. Soon she was sending out thousands of sheets and correcting hundreds of answer sheets weekly. These study sheets were collected and published in English and Hebrew in the mid 1960s and they are still in print. "Her specific collection of sources was based solely on each one's contribution to understanding peshat and to the revelation of the significance of that text." 20th and 21st century The Soncino Books of the Bible covers the whole Tanakh in fourteen volumes, published by the Soncino Press. The first volume to appear was Psalms in 1945, and the |
last was Chronicles in 1952. The editor was Rabbi Abraham Cohen. Each volume contains the Hebrew and English texts of the Hebrew Bible in parallel columns, with a running commentary below them. Judaica Press is an Orthodox Jewish publishing house. They have published a set of 24 bilingual Hebrew-English volumes of Mikraot Gedolot for Nevi'im and Ketuvim, published as Books of the Prophets and Writings. As in traditional Mikraot Gedolot, the Hebrew text includes the Masoretic text, the Aramaic Targum, and several classic rabbinic commentaries. The English translations, by Avroham Yoseif Rosenberg (also: Abraham Joseph Rosenberg), include a translation of the Biblical text, Rashi's commentary, and a summary of rabbinic and modern commentaries. It is available online as Javascript-dependent HTML document with Rashi's commentary at chabad.org – The Complete Jewish Bible with Rashi Commentary (in Hebrew and English). The Living Torah, by Aryeh Kaplan, his best-known work, is a widely used, scholarly (and user friendly) translation into English of the Torah. It is noteworthy for its detailed index, thorough cross-references, extensive footnotes with maps and diagrams, and research on realia, flora, fauna, and geography. The footnotes also indicate differences in interpretation between the classic commentators. It was one of the first translations structured around the parshiyot, the traditional division of the Torah text. The Living Torah was later supplemented by The Living Nach on Nevi'im (two volumes: "The Early Prophets" and "The Latter Prophets") and Ketuvim ("Sacred Writings" in one volume). These were prepared posthumously following Rabbi Kaplan's format by others including Yaakov Elman. Mesorah Publications, Ltd. is a Haredi Orthodox Jewish publishing company based in Brooklyn, New York. Its general editors are Rabbis Nosson Scherman and Meir Zlotowitz. They publish the Artscroll prayerbooks and Bible commentaries. In 1993 they published The Chumash: The Stone Edition, a Torah translation and commentary arranged for liturgical use. It is popularly known as The ArtScroll Chumash or The Stone Chumash, and has since became the best-selling English-Hebrew Torah translation and commentary in the U.S. and other English-speaking countries. They have issued a series of Tanakh commentaries on the rest of the Tanakh. Their translations have been criticized by a few Modern Orthodox scholars, e.g. B. Barry Levy, and by some non-Orthodox scholars, as mistranslating the Bible. The dispute comes about because the editors at Mesorah Publications consciously attempt to present a translation of the text based on rabbinic tradition and medieval biblical commentators such as Rashi, as opposed to a literal translation. Koren Publishers Jerusalem is a Jerusalem-based publishing company founded in 1961. It publishes various editions of The Koren Tanakh, originally created by master typographer and company founder Eliyahu Koren. The Koren Tanakh is the official Tanakh accepted by the Chief Rabbinate of Israel for synagogue Haftarah reading, and the Bible upon which Israel's President is sworn into office. Koren offers a Hebrew/English edition with translation by biblical and literary scholar, Harold Fisch, and is currently at work on a Hebrew/English edition with translation and commentary by Rabbi Jonathan Sacks. Da'at Miqra is a series of Hebrew-language biblical commentaries, published by the Jerusalem-based Rav Kook Institute. Its editors included the late Prof. Yehuda Elitzur of Bar-Ilan University, Bible scholar Amos Hakham, Sha’ul Yisra’eli, Mordechai Breuer and Yehuda Kiel. The commentary combines a traditional rabbinic outlook with the findings of modern research. The editors have sought to present an interpretation based primarily upon Peshat — the direct, literal reading of the text — as opposed to Drash. They do so by incorporating geographic references, archaeological findings and textual analysis. Da'as Sofrim on Tanach is a 20 volume work by Chaim Dov Rabinowitz encompassing |
the whole of the Tanakh. Based on the Rishonim, he spent more than 60 years compiling this massive commentary which is used for study by many talmidei chachamim and educators throughout the world. The Gutnick Edition Chumash, by Rabbi Chaim Miller, is a translation that incorporates Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson's – the Rebbe's - "novel interpretation" of Rashi's commentary. This "Toras Menachem" commentary is culled from the Rebbe's lectures and notes on classical and Hassidic interpretations. It also includes mystical insights called "Sparks of Chassidus", a summary of the mitzvot found in each Parashah according to Sefer ha-Chinuch. It is unique in its presentation of "Classic Questions" - the questions underlying more than one hundred Torah commentaries. A second Lubavitch Chumash, Kehot Publication Society's Torah Chumash (the "LA Chumash") offers an Interpolated English translation and commentary - "woven" together – again based on Rashi, and the works of the Rebbe. The Chumash also includes a fully vocalized Hebrew text of Rashi's commentary. The Editor-in-Chief is Rabbi Moshe Wisnefsky with contributing editors: Rabbis Baruch Kaplan, Betzalel Lifshitz, Yosef Marcus and Dov Wagner. Additional Features include "Chasidic Insights" and "Inner Dimensions", Chronological charts, topic titles, illustrations, diagrams and maps. Each sidra is prefaced by an overview, a study of the name of each sidra and its relevance to the respective text. A modern Orthodox Yeshiva in New York, Yeshivat Chovevei Torah, recently started a new Bible series, Yeshivat Chovevei Torah Tanakh Companion. The first volume out is Yeshivat Chovevei Torah Tanakh Companion to The Book of Samuel: Bible Study in the Spirit of Open and Modern Orthodoxy, edited by Nathaniel Helfgot and Shmuel Herzfeld. JPS Tanakh Commentary. The Jewish Publication Society, known in the Jewish community as JPS, has initiated a long-term, large-scale project to complete a modern Jewish commentary on the entire Hebrew Bible. Unlike the Judaica Press and Soncino commentaries, the JPS commentaries are producing a detailed line-by-line commentary of every passage, in every book of the Bible. The amount of the JPS commentaries are almost an order of magnitude larger than those found in the earlier Orthodox English works. They currently have produced volumes on all five books of the Torah, the Haftarot, and the books of Jonah, Esther, Ecclesiastes, Ruth, and Song of Songs. Although not a book of the Bible, JPS has also issued a commentary volume on the Haggadah. The next volumes planned are Lamentations, Joshua, Judges, Samuel, & Psalms (5 volumes). A major Bible commentary now in use by Conservative Judaism is Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, Its production involved the collaboration of the Rabbinical Assembly, the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism, and the Jewish Publication Society. The Hebrew and English bible text is the New JPS version. It contains a number of commentaries, written in English, on the Torah which run alongside the Hebrew text and its English translation, and it also contains a number of essays on the Torah and Tanakh in the back of the book. It contains three types of commentary: (1) the p'shat, which discusses the literal meaning of the text; this has been adapted from the first five volumes of the JPS Bible Commentary; (2) the d'rash, which draws on Talmudic, Medieval, Chassidic, and Modern Jewish sources to expound on the deeper meaning of the text; and (3) the halacha l'maaseh – which explains how the text relates to current Jewish law. Leonard S. Kravitz and Kerry Olitzky have authored a series of Tanakh commentaries. Their commentaries draw on classical Jewish works such as the Mishnah, Talmud, Targums, the midrash literature, and also the classical Jewish bible commentators such |
as Gersonides, Rashi and Abraham ibn Ezra. They take into account modern scholarship; while these books take note of some findings of higher textual criticism, these are not academic books using source criticism to deconstruct the Tanakh. Rather, their purpose is educational, and Jewishly inspirational, and as such do not follow the path of classical Reform scholars, or the more secular projects such as the Anchor Bible series. The books also add a layer of commentary by modern-day rabbis. These books are published by the Union for Reform Judaism. Commentaries in this series now include Jonah, Lamentations, Ruth, the Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, and Proverbs. The Jewish Study Bible, from Oxford University Press, edited by Adele Berlin and Marc Zvi Brettler. The English bible text is the New JPS version. A new English commentary has been written for the entire Hebrew Bible drawing on both traditional rabbinic sources, and the findings of modern-day higher textual criticism. There is much overlap between non-Orthodox Jewish Bible commentary, and the non-sectarian and inter-religious Bible commentary found in the Anchor Bible Series. Originally published by Doubleday, and now by Yale University Press, this series began in 1956. Having initiated a new era of cooperation among scholars in biblical research, over 1,000 scholars—representing Jewish, Catholic, Protestant, Muslim, secular, and other traditions—have now contributed to the project. The Torah: A Women's Commentary, Edited by Tamara Cohn Eskenazi and Andrea Weiss. URJ Press (December 10, 2007). This volume "gives dimension to the women's voices in our tradition. Under Editor Dr. Tamara Cohn Eskenazi's skillful leadership, this commentary provides insight and inspiration for all who study Torah: men and women, Jew and non-Jew. As Dr. Eskenazi has eloquently stated, 'we want to bring the women of the Torah from the shadow into the limelight, from their silences into speech, from the margins to which they have often been relegated to the center of the page – for their sake, for our sake and for our children's sake.'" The Women's Torah Commentary: New Insights from Women Rabbis on the 54 Weekly Torah Portions Edited by Rabbi Elyse Goldstein, Jewish Lights Publishing (September 2008). From the Jewish Lights website: "In this groundbreaking book, more than 50 women rabbis come together to offer us inspiring insights on the Torah, in a week-by-week format. Included are commentaries by the first women ever ordained in the Reform, Reconstructionist and Conservative movements, and by many other women across these denominations who serve in the rabbinate in a variety of ways." See also List of biblical commentaries Chazal Exegesis Rabbinic literature Talmudical hermeneutics References Category:Hebrew Bible studies Category:Biblical commentaries |
Down Tor Down Tor is a tor on Dartmoor, England, at GR 581694, height , overlooking Burrator Reservoir. References Category:Tors of Dartmoor Category:Dartmoor |
Iftikhar Shah Iftikhar Shah (born 19 June 1940) is a Pakistani sprinter. He competed in the 100 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics. References Category:1940 births Category:Living people Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics Category:Pakistani male sprinters Category:Pakistani male long jumpers Category:Olympic athletes of Pakistan Category:Place of birth missing (living people) |
Media in Visalia, California The Media of Visalia serves a large population in the Visalia, California area. The major daily newspaper in the area is the Visalia Times-Delta/Tulare Advance-Register. There are also a number of smaller regional newspapers, alternative weeklies and magazines, including the Valley Voice Newspaper. Many cities adjacent to Visalia also have their own daily newspapers whose coverage and availability overlaps into certain Visalia neighborhoods. Visalia arts, culture and nightlife news is also covered by a number of local online guides. Television stations in Visalia Visalia Category:Visalia, California Visalia, California Category:Media in Tulare County, California |
LeTourneau L-2350 The P&H L-2350 Wheel Loader (formerly the L-2350 loader) is a loader used for surface mining. It is manufactured by Komatsu Limited. It holds the Guinness World Record for Biggest Earth Mover. Designed to center-load haul trucks with capacities of up to 400 tons, the L-2350 provides an operating payload of 160,000 pounds or 80 tons, a 24-foot lift height, and an 11.5-foot reach. History The L-2350 was originally manufactured by LeTourneau Inc., LeTourneau Inc. was acquired by Marathon in 1972, Rowan Companies in 1986, and Joy Global in 2011. Joy Global renamed the equipment as the P&H L-2350. Specifications Operational weight 260 tons 2300 Horsepower 16 Cylinder 65.0 Litre Detroit Diesel 4-cycle Turbocharged Aftercooler Engine (2300 hp) or 16 cylinder 60.0 Litre Cummins Diesel 4-cycle Turbocharged Aftercooler Engine (2300 hp) Hydraulic lifting payload 72 tons Standard Bucket 40,52 m³ Fuel Tank 3974.68 Litre Hydraulic Oil 1230 Litre Tyres 70/70-57 SRG DT (diameter 4 m and width 1.78 m) Cost $1.5M (2012) See also Diesel-electric transmission References Category:Engineering vehicles Category:Wheeled vehicles |
Drongos (disambiguation) Drongos may refer to: The Drongos, a quartet of New Zealanders who performed in New York City Drongo, a family of small passerine birds of the Old World tropics |
MBK Center MBK Center, also known as Mahboonkrong (; ), is a large shopping mall in Bangkok, Thailand. At eight storeys, the center contains around 2,000 shops, restaurants and service outlets, including the 4-storey Tokyu department store. MBK Center management reports daily visitor numbers of more than 100,000, half of whom are young Thai people and a third foreign visitors. History MBK was the largest shopping mall in Asia when it opened in 1985. It is on land leased from the adjacent Chulalongkorn University. This lease was renewed in 2002. MBK was named after the parents of the developer Sirichai Bulakul, Mah and Boonkrong, whose statues are found on the ground floor. Anchor Tokyu Department Store Tops Market 7-Eleven Kudsan Bakery & Coffee SF Cinema 8 Cinemas Food Legend By MBK BNK48 Digital Live Studio (Moved From EmQuartier) Pathumwan Princess Hotel Location MBK Center is in Pathum Wan District, on the southwest corner of the intersection of Rama I Road and Phaya Thai Road. It is close to Siam Square, which can be reached from the second floor via a covered pedestrian bridge over Phaya Thai Road, and Siam Center and Siam Paragon, which are across Rama I Road from Siam Square. The mall is next to National Stadium. Transportation BTS Skytrain - National Stadium BTS Station; also within walking distance of Siam station. Khlong Saen Saep - Hua Chang pier is within walking distance. Layout Department store The four-storey Tokyu Department Store is at the north end of MBK Center. Hotel The Pathumwan Princess Hotel is at the south end of MBK Center. References External links MBK Shopping Center Overview Category:Shopping malls in Bangkok Category:Pathum Wan District Category:Shopping malls established in 1985 Category:1985 establishments in Thailand |
Eleousa, Ioannina Eleousa () is a village in the municipal unit of Pasaronas, Ioannina regional unit, Greece. Since the 2010 local government reform, it is the seat of the municipality Zitsa. In 2011 its population was 3,484. It is situated in the valley northwest of Lake Ioannina, 7 km northwest of the city centre of Ioannina. See also List of settlements in the Ioannina regional unit References Category:Populated places in Ioannina (regional unit) |
Change/Return/Success Change/Return/Success is the first long playing album by British band Neils Children, released in August 2004 on Soft City Recordings. Background After releasing the critically acclaimed ltd. edition vinyl only singles 'Come Down' and 'I Hate Models' the group entered the studio to record extra tracks for a CD mini-album release, which also featured both singles' A and B sides for those unable to purchase the vinyl releases. Although not intended to be regarded as the band's first album proper, the collection was highly acclaimed by both critics and fans alike and can be marked as an important early step in the groups career. Musical style The music featured on the album draws heavily from the British post-punk genre, with influences such as Gang of Four and Public Image Limited highly audible. Alongside these more aggressive and angular sound are psychedelic and space rock influences, such as the groups love of Syd Barrett's early Pink Floyd. The name of the album was taken from Barrett's use of the I Ching tome in his song Chapter 24. Some songs show a nod to the then contemporary dance-punk revival, with "Trying to Be Someone Else for Free" featuring the 'four to the floor' drum beat adopted by bands like Liars and The Rapture. Others present an almost grunge rock bent, and tracks "Come Down" and "How Does It Feel Now You're on Your Own" reminiscent of In Utero era Nirvana. Critical reception The album's release saw strong support from publications such as the NME. They awarded the album 8/10 and claimed it to be 'absolutely vital'. The following year they also included Neils Children singer John Linger in their yearly 'Cool List' feature, coming in at 30 out of 50 places. The group were largely favoured by the magazine and around the time of release were regularly included in interview and review features. Online music site Gigwise awarded the album 4 and a half stars out of 5, the only gripe being the record's short running time. Track listing Come Down How Does It Feel Now You're on Your Own? I Hate Models Trying to Be Someone Else for Free Getting Evil in the Playground What Will You Say to Me? In the Past See Through Me (Hidden Track: Nwod Emoc) Personnel John Linger – Guitar, vocals James Hair – Bass Brandon Jacobs – Drums All songs written by John Linger. Recorded at Bark Studio by Brian O'Shaughnessey. Produced by Brian O'Shaughnessey and Neils Children. Cover photography by Dean Chalkley and Paul Linger. References External links Official Neils Children Official Neils Children Facebook page Official Neils Children Twitter page Boudoir Moderne Records Bandcamp page Category:2004 debut albums Category:Neils Children albums |
Tom Lantos Tunnels The Tom Lantos Tunnels are two tunnels located within the coastal promontory of Devil's Slide in California, United States, allowing State Route 1 to bypass the treacherous Devil's Slide stretch. They are officially named after late Congressman Tom Lantos, who was instrumental in securing funding for the project, but de facto named after their location. The Devil's Slide tunnels, as they are usually called, are the second and third longest road tunnels in California at northbound, and southbound. By comparison the longest road tunnel currently in California, the Wawona Tunnel on Highway 41 in Yosemite National Park, is . History of the highway rebuilding conflict A bypass was proposed to be constructed to replace the stretch of highway. Beginning in 1958, California began the process to replace Devil's Slide with an inland route over Montara Mountain, known as the Martini Creek Bypass. The bypass bisected a section of McNee Ranch State Park, and was opposed by community and environmental groups. By 1975, 55% of the right-of-way had been acquired, when work on the proposed bypass was abandoned due to public opposition. Most environmentalists supported a tunnel as a more environmentally sensitive alternative to the Martini Creek Bypass. A short tunnel built in 1908 by the Ocean Shore Railroad went through the area, but was destroyed during Prohibition, to keep it from being used by alcohol smugglers. The Sierra Club proposed building a tunnel to bypass the road in 1973. A Caltrans study in 1974 determined that a tunnel would be a viable alternative to the current road or a proposed inland freeway bypass. However, the state dropped the idea in the late 1970s. A major slide in 1983 brought the problem to the public attention again. In 1985 Caltrans proposed the Martini Creek bypass as the preferred solution. However, the Sierra Club sued to stop construction, as California law requires that State Route 1 be restricted to two lanes in rural areas. The road bed, complete with continuous uphill passing lanes, runaway truck ramps, and extra-wide shoulders, would be the widest two-lane road in the state. Again the state decided to return to the status quo. A five-month outage caused by a slide in January 1995 again brought public scrutiny to the stretch of highway. In April, Caltrans documents were discovered that showed the agency had intentionally overestimated the costs of a tunnel, to support the freeway bypass. In July, the Federal Highway Administration ordered Caltrans to re-evaluate a tunnel to bypass Devil's Slide. On November 5, 1996, San Mateo County voters approved Measure T by 76%, changing the county's stated preference from construction of the bypass to construction of a tunnel. On November 9, Caltrans changed its position, supporting a bridge and tunnel as the best environmental, economic, and popular alternative to Devil's Slide. Ground was broken for the new tunnel on May 6, 2005. Boring of twin diameter tunnels started September 17, 2007, and was completed in 2011. Breakthrough on the northern bore occurred on September 30, 2010. With the completion of the tunnels in 2013, the old Devil's Slide highway was converted into a trail for hikers and bicyclists. The tunnels opened to traffic on March 26, 2013. References Further reading Michael Hogan and Ballard George, Air Quality and Noise Analyses for the Bypass Alternative, Devil's Slide Improvement Project, Caltrans District 4, prepared by Earth Metrics Inc., Burlingame, CA (1984) Devil's Slide Improvement Project, San Mateo County, California, Draft Second Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement, Caltrans District 4 (1999) Hovland, John H., Ph.D., P.E., A Study of the Feasibility of Stabilizing the Landslide Area Along |
Highway One, San Mateo County, California, by Dewatering, April, 1998 Woodward-Clyde Consultants, Devil’s Slide Tunnel Study - Feasibility Report, October, 1996. External links Caltrans Office of Geotechnical Design West engineering analysis Caltrans page for the Devil's Slide tunnel project Yes on T site KQED QUEST photo montage and article on tunnel Category:Transportation buildings and structures in San Mateo County, California Category:Pacifica, California Category:Tunnels in the San Francisco Bay Area Category:California State Route 1 Category:Road tunnels in California |
Haroi language Haroi (Hroi) is a Chamic language of Vietnam. It is spoken by the Cham Hroi living in Binh Dinh and Phu Yen provinces. References Category:Chamic languages Category:Languages of Vietnam |
First run (filmmaking) In cinematic parlance, a film in its first run has been recently released. In North America new films attract the majority of their theatrical viewers in the first few weeks after their release. In North America different movie theatres pay different rates to show films depending on how recently they have been released. In 1946, the Supreme Court of the United States found major film distributors in violation of antitrust laws when they precluded independent theaters from screening first-run films. Some older, smaller, or poorly outfitted neighborhood or discount theatres, or those in less desirable locations, specialize in showing films during their second run. These theatres get to keep a larger share of the ticket fees and often charge a lower ticket price. See also Direct-to-video First-run syndication References Category:Film and video terminology |
Santa Hates You Santa Hates You are a German/Italian band who first came together back in 2007. The two band members are Jinxy - the Italian vocalist and Peter Spilles who is usually called PS. The central pillar on which the band was formed was their passion for dark music, rebellious humour and the macabre arts. Peter Spilles, better known as PS, is also leader of the band Project Pitchfork. History One of the stranger aspects of the band is their habit for working at night. Late 19th century and early 20th century art and literature is also great love for the band, and they find musical inspiration from movements such as Symbolism, Surrealism and the Decadent Movement. This passion for different perspectives and psychological approaches are also an important element in their creation of music and art. Band members JINXY: Lyricist, Vocalist, Growler/Singer, Creative concept ideator (2007–Present). PETER „PS“ Spilles: Composer, Producer, Arranger, Synths, Vocals (2007–Present). Discography Studio albums Collaborations Music videos Official YouTube channel References Category:Electropunk |
Crângeni Crângeni is a commune in Teleorman County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Balta Sărată, Crângeni, Dorobanțu and Stejaru. References Category:Communes in Teleorman County |
1971–72 Mansfield Town F.C. season The 1971–72 season was Mansfield Town's 35th season in the Football League and 11th in the Third Division, they finished in 21st position with 36 points and were relegated to the Fourth Division on goal average. Final league table Results Football League Third Division FA Cup League Cup Squad statistics Squad list sourced from References General Mansfield Town 1971–72 at soccerbase.com (use drop down list to select relevant season) Specific Category:Mansfield Town F.C. seasons Mansfield Town |
2013–14 A-League National Youth League The 2013–14 A-League National Youth League (Also known as the Foxtel National Youth League for sponsorship reasons) was the sixth season of the Australian A-League National Youth League competition. The season ran alongside the 2013–14 A-League season. The schedule was released on 10 September 2013. Teams Standings Positions by round NOTES: Melbourne Heart were tied with Sydney FC at the end of Round 1, as were Brisbane Roar with Melbourne Victory, Adelaide United with Central Coast Mariners and Perth Glory with Western Sydney Wanderers. Central Coast Mariners were tied with Western Sydney Wanderers at the end of Round 2. Table of results Matches Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 Round 12 Round 13 Round 14 Round 15 Round 16 Round 17 Round 18 Season statistics Top scorers References External links Official National Youth League website Category:2013–14 A-League season Category:A-League National Youth League seasons |
1980 National Panasonic South Australian Open The 1980 National Panasonic South Australian Open, also known as the National Panasonic Women's Open, was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Memorial Drive in Adelaide, Australia that was part of the category AAA of the Colgate Series of the 1980 WTA Tour. It was the inaugural edition of the National Panasonic Open and was held from 8 December through 14 December 1980. First-seeded Hana Mandlíková won the singles title and earned $22,000 first-prize money. Finals Singles Hana Mandlíková defeated Sue Barker 6–2, 6–4 It was Mandlíková's 6th singles title of the year and the 13th of her career. Doubles Pam Shriver / Betty Stöve defeated Sue Barker / Sharon Walsh 6–4, 6–3 Prize money References External links ITF tournament edition details National Panasonic Classic Category:National Panasonic Open National Panasonic Classic |
Georges-Andre Machia Georges-Andre Machia Malock (born 26 March 1988) is a Cameroonian football player who is now playing in Chanthaburi F.C.. He plays as a Striker. Career statistics in Hong Kong As of 24 September 2009 References External links Player Information on tswpegasus.com Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:Cameroonian footballers Category:Hong Kong First Division League players Category:Expatriate footballers in Hong Kong Category:Expatriate footballers in the Maldives Category:Expatriate footballers in Indonesia Category:Cameroonian expatriates in Hong Kong Category:Association football forwards |
Mszczyczyn Mszczyczyn () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dolsk, within Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately south of Dolsk, south of Śrem, and south of the regional capital Poznań. The village has a population of 350. References Mszczyczyn |
Monie Love Simone Johnson (born 2 July 1970), better known by her stage name Monie Love, is an Grammy–nominated English rapper, actress and radio personality from London, England. Best known for her singles during the late–1980s through the 1990s, Monie Love currently serves as a radio personality for urban adult contemporary station KISS 104.1 WALR-FM in Atlanta, Georgia. Career Music Love's debut album, Down To Earth was released on 6 November 1990, spawned the singles "Monie in the Middle" (a track dealing with a woman's right to determine what she wants out of a relationship) and "It's a Shame (My Sister)" (which sampled the (Detroit) Spinners' "It's a Shame", written for the band by Stevie Wonder) and featured house-music vocalist and then-labelmate Ultra Naté. The album reached No. 26 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Love also appears on the song titled "United" from Inner City's third album, Praise. Love was featured on the LA Reid & Babyface remix of Whitney Houston's R&B hit "My Name Is Not Susan" in 1991, and appeared in the music video alongside Houston. Love's 1992 single "Full-Term Love", from the Class Act movie soundtrack, reached No. 7 on the Hot Hip-Hop Singles chart. Love collaborated with Marley Marl on her second album, In a Word or 2 (1993), which featured the Prince-produced single "Born To B.R.E.E.D." (which reached No. 1 on the Hot Dance Music chart and No. 7 on the Hot Rap Singles chart), as well as a re-release of "Full-Term Love". The same year, Prince asked her to write lyrics for a few songs on a side-project, Carmen Electra's eponymous album, Carmen Electra. Love's last release as lead artist was the single "Slice of da Pie" in 2000. In 2013, she was featured on the track "Sometimes" by Ras Kass, from his album Barmageddon. Radio From 2004 until the week of 11 December 2006, Love was the morning drive host on Philadelphia's WPHI-FM 100.3. 22 December 2006 edition of the Philadelphia Daily News confirmed that Love left WPHI-FM on amicable terms after contract negotiations stalled. Love's departure from WPHI followed soon after her December 2006 interview with Young Jeezy, where the two argued over whether hip hop is dead. Love is also an official MySpace.com DJ, according to her Myspace page. Love resides in Indianapolis,In. and is a single mother to four children. She has a radio show on XM Satellite Radio called Ladies First Radio with Monie Love. It airs Thursdays 6 PM ET and Sundays 8 PM ET. In 2015, Love became a DJ on Philadelphia's Boom 107.9, hosting a morning show from 6 am to 10 am. In 2016, Love co-hosted with Ed Lover on the Ed Lover Morning Show for "Boom 92" KROI in Houston, Texas. In May 2019, she began hosting afternoons at "KISS 104.1" WALR in Atlanta. Personal life Born in England, Love moved to the United States; settling in Philadelphia in 1987. Love has four children; Charlena (born 1991), Caleigh (born 1997), Nekhi (born 2003) and Laci (born 2008). Love is the biological sister of English musician Dave Angel. Discography Albums Singles Featured singles "Ladies First" (Queen Latifah featuring Monie Love) "My Name Is Not Susan" (Whitney Houston featuring Monie Love) – My Name Is Not Susan (Power Radio Mix With Rap) References External links [ AllMusic.com Biography – Monie Love] Monie Love's myspace.com page Monie Love Discography on Discogs A site focusing on the early days of Hip Hop development in the UK Monie Love Hip-Hop 40th Anniversary The Greatest Female Rappers of All Time Category:1970 births Category:Living people Category:English expatriates in the United |
States Category:English dance musicians Category:English radio personalities Category:English female rappers Category:Black British female rappers Category:English people of Jamaican descent Category:Black British musicians Category:Warner Records artists Category:Chrysalis Records artists Category:Rappers from London Category:Native Tongues Posse Category:People from Battersea Category:Women in hip hop music |
Aşağı Əngilan Aşağı Əngilan is a village in the Khizi Rayon of Azerbaijan. References Category:Populated places in Khizi District |
David Walters (swimmer) David Walters (born September 27, 1987) is an American former competition swimmer, Olympic gold medalist, and world record-holder in two events. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Walters earned a gold medal by swimming in the heats of the 4×200-meter freestyle relay. As part of the American team, he holds the world record in the 4×100-meter medley relay (long course). Walters is also a seven-time medalist (five gold, one silver, one bronze) at the World Aquatics Championships. Early years and education Walters was born in Newport News, Virginia. He graduated from Tabb High School in Yorktown, Virginia, where he competed for the Tabb Tigers high school swim team. He received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Texas in Austin, Texas, where he swam for coach Eddie Reese's Texas Longhorns swimming and diving team in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and Big 12 Conference competition from 2007 to 2010. He was a four-time Big 12 champions, a six-time All-American, and won the individual NCAA national championship in the 200-yard freestyle in 2008. At the conclusion of his 2009–10 senior year, the Longhorns won the NCAA national team championship. International competition 2008 Summer Olympics Walters swam the first leg of the 4×200meter freestyle relay preliminaries (in 1:46.57) with Ricky Berens, Erik Vendt, and Klete Keller. Their time of 7:04.66 broke the previous Olympic record of 7:07.05 set by Australia in 2000. In the final of the 4×200-meter freestyle relay, Michael Phelps, Ryan Lochte, Berens and Peter Vanderkaay swam a combined time of 6:58.56, a new world record. 2009 World Championships At the 2009 National Championships, Walters competed in three events. In his first event, the 200-meter freestyle, Walters placed second to Michael Phelps with a time of 1:44.95. In the 100-meter freestyle, Walters placed second to Nathan Adrian in a time of 48.17. In the 50-meter freestyle, Walters placed 15th in the heats with a time of 22.60. At the 2009 World Aquatics Championships in Rome, Walters earned a gold medal as a member of the 4×200-meter freestyle relay. Walters, with Michael Phelps, Ricky Berens and Ryan Lochte, swam a combined time of 6:58.55 to break the world record set last year in Beijing. In the 100-meter freestyle final, Walters placed 5th with a time of 47.33 to break Michael Phelps' American record of 47.51. Walters placed 12th overall in the 200-meter freestyle and did not advance to the final. In the 4×100-meter medley relay final, Walters, with Aaron Peirsol, Michael Phelps, and Eric Shanteau, swam a combined time of 3:27.28 to break the world record set last year in Beijing. Personal bests . Key: NR = National record See also List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men) List of University of Texas at Austin alumni List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming (men) World record progression 4 × 100 metres medley relay World record progression 4 × 200 metres freestyle relay References External links USA Swimming athlete bio: David Walters University of Texas bio: David Walters Category:1987 births Category:Living people Category:American male freestyle swimmers Category:Olympic gold medalists for the United States in swimming Category:Olympic swimmers of the United States Category:Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics Category:Texas Longhorns men's swimmers Category:World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming Category:World record holders in swimming Category:Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics |
Dielectric wall accelerator A Dielectric Wall Accelerator (DWA) is a compact linear particle accelerator concept designed and patented in the late 1990s, that works by inducing a travelling electromagnetic wave in a tube which is constructed mostly from dielectric material. The main conceptual difference to a conventional disk-loaded linac system is given by the additional dielectric wall and the coupler construction. Possible uses of this concept include its application in external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) using protons or ions. Operation An external alternating-current power supply provides an electromagnetic wave that is transmitted to the accelerator tube using a waveguide. The power supply is switched on only a very short time (pulsed operation). Electromagnetic induction creates a traveling electric field, which accelerates charged particles. The traveling wave overlaps with the position of the charged particles, leading to their acceleration inside as they pass through the tube's vacuum channel. The field inside the tube is negative just ahead of the proton and positive just behind the proton. Because protons are positively charged, they accelerate toward the negative and away from the positive. The power supply switches the polarity of the sections, so they stay synchronized with the passing proton. Construction The accelerator tube is made from sheets of fused silica, only 250 µm thick. After polishing, the sheets are coated with 0.5 µm of chromium and 2.5 µm of gold. About 80 layers of the sheets are stacked together, and then heated in a brazing furnace, where they fuse together. The stacked assembly is then machined into a hollow cylinder. Fused silica is pure transparent quartz glass, a dielectric, which is why the machine is called a "dielectric wall accelerator." A sketch of one of the assembled modules of the accelerator is shown in the patent sketch. The module is about 3 cm long, and the beam travels upward. The dielectric wall is seen as item number 81. It is surrounded by a pulse forming device called a Blumlein. In figure 8A, the power supply charges the Blumlein. In figure 8B, silicon carbide switches surrounding the Blumlein close, shorting out the edge of the Blumlein. The energy stored in the Blumlein rushes toward the dielectric wall as a high voltage pulse. Usage in Proton Therapy Dielectric wall accelerators have the potential to replace the currently used proton accelerators in radiation therapy, due to their smaller size, cost advantages, and reduced shielding requirements. Advantages and Limitations The DWA addresses the main issues with the current proton therapy systems—cost and size Video. Depending on the desired final beam energy, the conventional medical accelerator solutions (cyclotrons and small synchrotrons) can have large cost factors and space requirements, which could be circumvented by DWAs. The cost estimate for a DWA is about 20 million US dollars. DWAs are expected to reach acceleration gradients around 100 MV/m. The system is a spinoff of a DOE device to inspect nuclear weapons. This system requires several new advances because of the high energies, like e.g. high gradient insulators. A wide band-gap photoconductive switch, about 4,000 are needed. A Symmetric Blumlein, typical width 1mm. References External links Dielectric Wall Accelerator G. J. Caporaso, Y.-J. Chen, S. E. Sampayan September 3, 2009, Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology High Gradient Dielectric Wall Accelerators Muon Collider Design Workshop, December 8–12, 2008, Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory Ultra‐High‐Current Electron Induction Accelerators Physics today [0031-9228] Kapetanakos, C yr:1985 vol:38 iss:2 pg:58 US Patent 7924121 Dispersion-Free Radial Transmission Lines, April 12, 2011 Category:Accelerator physics |
Aerophagia Aerophagia (var. aerophagy) is a condition of excessive air swallowing, which goes to the stomach. Aerophagia may also refer to an unusual condition where the primary symptom is excessive flatus, belching is not present, and the actual mechanism by which air enters the gut is obscure. Aerophagia in psychiatry is sometimes attributed to nervousness or anxiety. Symptoms Bloating Chest tightness Nausea Shortness of breath Belching Heartburn Abdominal pain Satiety Vomiting Causes Aerophagia is associated with chewing gum, smoking, drinking carbonated drinks, eating too quickly, anxiety, CPAP air pressure (if it is too high) and wearing loose dentures. Aerophagia is also carried out deliberately to increase the length and volume of a belch, as any air successfully swallowed serves to increase the partial pressure in the stomach. In people with cervical spinal blockages, inhaling can cause air to enter the esophagus and stomach. Diagnosis Aerophagia is diagnosed in 8.8% of cognitively delayed patients where the coordination between swallowing and respiration is not well defined. Aerophagia is a dangerous side effect of noninvasive ventilation (NIV), commonly used in treatments of respiratory problems and cardiovascular critical care or in surgery when a general anaesthetic is required. In the case of aerophagia during NIV, it is normally diagnosed by experienced medical specialists who check on patients intermittently during NIV use. The diagnosis is based on the sound heard by listening through a stethoscope placed outside the abdominal cavity. Using this approach, the problem is sometimes detected later than when it develops, possibly also later than necessary. Belated detection of aerophagia may lead to gastric distension, which in turn could elevate the diaphragm or cause aspiration of the stomach contents into the lungs or pneumatic rupture of the esophagus due to extreme gastric insufflation. References See also Gastric dilatation volvulus (GDV), stretched stomach External links Management of Belching, Hiccups, and Aerophagia Aerophagia Symptoms and Treatment Category:Gastrointestinal tract disorders Category:Symptoms and signs: Digestive system and abdomen |
List of Jewish American linguists This is a list of notable Jewish American linguists. For other Jewish Americans, see Lists of Jewish Americans. Noam Chomsky, linguist and political philosopher (atheist) Cyrus Gordon. Semiticist, held ancient Crete Minoan was Northwest Semitic Joseph Greenberg, language classification, created a unified classification of African languages Jay Jasanoff, Indo-European linguist Samuel Noah Kramer, Sumerologist, known as the "father of Assyriology and Sumerology" William Labov, sociolinguist, awarded the Neil and Saras Smith Medal for Linguistics by the British Academy (2015) María Rosa Lida de Malkiel, Spanish philologist Yakov Malkiel, Romance philologist Edward Sapir, anthropologist-linguist, founder of enthnolinguistics Dan I. Slobin, (psycho)linguist, studies linguistics and acquisition of signed languages of the deaf Deborah Tannen, sociolinguist with a focus on gender linguistics References Jewish Linguists |
The Maragatan Sphinx The Maragatan Sphinx (Spanish:La esfinge maragata) is a 1950 Spanish drama film directed by Antonio de Obregón and starring Paquita de Ronda. It takes its title from the Maragatería region. Cast Paquita de Ronda as Mariflor Salvadores Luis Peña as Rogelio Juan José Martínez Casado as Antonio Salvadores Juan de Landa as Tío Cristóbal Fernando Fernández de Córdoba Carmen Reyes Julia Caba Alba as Tía de Mariflor Gabriel Algara Juana Mansó Julia Pachelo Manena Algora Emilio Pages Concha López Silva Mari Paz Molinero References Bibliography Nicolás Fernández-Medina & Maria Truglio. Modernism and the Avant-garde Body in Spain and Italy. Routledge, 2016. External links Category:1950 films Category:Spanish films Category:Spanish-language films Category:Films directed by Antonio de Obregón Category:Films scored by Jesús García Leoz |
Royal High School, Bath Royal High School Bath is an independent day and boarding school for girls and in the city of Bath, Somerset, England, catering for up to 700 pupils. The school is on Lansdown Hill, just outside Bath city centre, and has boarding facilities for about 150 girls. History Bath High School for Girls Bath High School for Girls was founded in 1875 by the Girls' Public Day School Company, now the Girls' Day School Trust. It was a direct grant grammar school from 1946 until 1976. Royal School Merger Royal High School Bath was formed by the merger in 1998 of Bath High School (day) and the Royal School (day and boarding). As a result, it is the only member of the Girls' Day School Trust to provide boarding accommodation. Today, the Prep School has Cranwell House as its main building, whereas the Senior School has the main school building and the Winfield centre for sixth form students – both on Lansdown Road. Prep School Girls can start in the Nursery School one and a half months before they are three years old. The Prep School will take pupils in the September after their fourth birthday. The Prep School has around 200 full-time pupils from Reception to Year 6, and around 20 part-time pupils in the Nursery. The Prep School is in Cranwell House, in Weston Park, near to the Senior School. Senior School The senior school is on Lansdown Road near Bath city centre. The main building was built in 1856-8 by James Wilson and is a Grade II listed building. There is an Art School; a Sixth Form café; a fitness suite, a separate Sixth Form building and newly refurbished boarding houses; two Performing Arts Theatres (The Sophie Cameron Performing Arts Centre and The Memorial Hall); The Hudson Centre for lectures and meetings; a sports hall complex, netball and tennis courts, an astroturf; a library, a Media Centre, and a new music school and state of the art recording studio. The boarding houses are situated in Lansdown Road. The Senior school has a medical centre. Academic performance It regularly comes near the top of league tables for Bath schools for GCSE and A-Level results. The school provides Modern Languages including GCSE French, which girls start to learn in Reception class. German, Spanish, Italian, Mandarin, Arabic, and Japanese are also available. The school also provides the IB Programme, where it had an average score of 37 points in 2019. Arts The art school was opened by Professor Sir Christopher Frayling – Rector of the Royal College of Art and Chairman of the Arts Council, England in November 2008. The art school comprises four studios, where specialisms vary across activities including painting, sculpture, printmaking, film and photography. In 2006 it received an award from the 'Good Schools Guide' for gaining the best A' level results in the country over a three-year period. Leavers have gone on to St Martins, London, Edinburgh University, Glasgow school of art, Falmouth school of art and Parsons New York. Degree choices vary from Fine Art and Fashion through to Architecture and Photography. The Art School operates as an art school within a school. It was purpose designed by Textus Architectural Practice, bath and built to replicate other professional Art Schools, like the Royal Academy Schools and the Prince's Drawing School, which can be transformed from working studios into exhibition spaces. The Art School offers a high degree of professionalism through each of the disciplines offered. It is an environment where art is taken seriously, and for those who want to pursue a |
career in an art-related profession, a place to study. There are designated studio spaces for drawing, painting, printmaking, photography, and three-dimensional work. Each of the studios are well lit and make for wonderful creative working areas. In 2011 a History of Art A-level began. Music The Music Department (Steinway School Status from January 2020) is housed in a purpose-built Music School and consists of a 60 seater Recital Room with a Model B Steinway Grand Piano, state of the art, fully soundproofed Professional Recording Studios with 2 Model AS Steinway Grand Pianos, 10 soundproofed practice rooms each containing upright Steinway pianos, Apple Mac Suite, main teaching room, Green Room, reception area, offices and instrumental storage facilities. Ensembles consist of Vocalise (Year 7-9 choir), V20 (Show and Pop choir), Chamber Choir, The Sixth Sense (6th Form Choir), Orchestra, Concert Band, Jazz Band, Brass Ensemble, Sax Ensemble, Percussion Ensemble, Pop & Rock Bands. The department produces 35-40 concerts during the academic year, both internally and externally and a whole-school production every Summer Term. International tours take place every two years and there are opportunities for all student to learn any musical instrument, provided by a dedicated team of 18 professional visiting instrumental staff. As part of the department's Steinway Music School status, we have a regular programme of masterclasses and recitals led by leading artists who work closely with the students. Drama The Drama department has use of the school's two performance venues; the Memorial Hall is a traditional 'end on' performance space and has movable raked seating, the Sophie Cameron Performing Arts is a converted chapel with almost limitless performance possibilities. There is an annual Summer musical, open to all students. Previous productions include, 'Guys & Dolls', 'Annie', and 'Oliver!'. There is an annual Lower School play for students in Years 7–8 and an upper school play open to Year 9 and upwards. Previous KS3 productions include, 'Cold Comfort Farm', 'Pride & Prejudice', 'The Wind in the Willows', 'A Midsummer Night's Dream', and at KS4; 'The Crucible', 'Antigone', and 'Numbers'. The Year 13 Theatre Studies students run the weekly Year 7 Drama Club and the drama scholars regularly produce their own evening of performances throughout the school year. Students can participate in Speech & Drama lessons, and the school also participates in the National Theatre Connections Festival biannually. PE and sports The sports facilities at Royal High School Bath are situated on its Lansdown site. Girls play a wide range of sports with elite performers in equestrian, gymnastics, swimming, netball, biathle, fencing, and martial arts. Royal High School competes with a range of state and independent schools, participates in national leagues and competitions, and accesses high-performance facilities at the University of Bath Olympic Sports Training Village. On-site facilities include: All-weather Astroturf for hockey Tennis courts Netball courts Outdoor swimming pool Football field Rounders pitches Indoor sports hall Gym suite Dance studio Gymnastic equipment Cricket pitches Off-site, an equestrian team trains at local equestrian centres. Sporting achievements within the school are awarded by the presentation of "Colours" annually for commitment to clubs and extra-curricular activities. Houses There are four houses for the Prep School and four for the Senior School: For Charlcombe (Prep school) and Brontë (Senior School) For Grosvenor (Prep School) and Du Pré (Senior School) For Lansdown (Prep School) and Wollstonecraft (Senior School) For Northfields (Prep School) and Austen (Senior School) Notable alumni Royal School Mary Duggan, cricketer Sheila Gish, actress Gillian Howell (1927–2000), architect June Lloyd, Baroness Lloyd of Highbury, Nuffield Professor of Child Health from 1985 to 1992 at the British Postgraduate Medical Federation, Professor of Child Health |
from 1975 to 1985 at St George's Hospital Medical School, and President from 1988 to 1991 of the British Paediatric Association Myrtle Maclagan, cricketer Iris Morley, historian Edith Picton-Turbervill OBE, Labour MP from 1929 to 1931 for The Wrekin Susan Strange, economist Cecil Woodham-Smith (née Fitzgerald), historian Sonia Melchett (née Graham), socialite and writer Bath High School Dawn Austwick OBE, chief executive of the Esmée Fairbairn Foundation, and CEO of the Big Lottery Fund Mary Berry, food writer Jennie Formby, senior official in the Unite trade union and General Secretary of the Labour Party Elspeth Howe, Baroness Howe of Idlicote CBE, wife of Geoffrey Howe, and chair 1997–9 of the Broadcasting Standards Commission Dr Cicely Williams CMG, advisor in Maternal and Child Health, pioneer in the treatment of kwashiorkor, and the first Head of the maternal and child health section at the World Health Organization References External links Profile on the Independent Schools Council website Category:Girls' schools in Somerset Category:Boarding schools in Somerset Category:Educational institutions established in 1998 Category:Independent schools in Bath and North East Somerset Category:Schools of the Girls' Day School Trust Category:Member schools of the Girls' Schools Association Category:1998 establishments in England Category:Schools in Bath, Somerset |
Előre Előre (Forward) was a Hungarian-language socialist magazine published in the United States by activists of the Hungarian Socialist Federation of the Socialist Party of America. Launched in September 1905, Előre was published for 16 years before going bankrupt in October 1921. The discontinued publication was immediately succeeded by a new Hungarian-language communist periodical called Új Előre (New Forward). Publication history Hungarian emigration to the United States Substantial emigration from Hungary to the United States of America dates from the decade of the 1880s, during which more than 25,000 people left the Kingdom of Hungary for the new world. This wave of emigration accelerated in succeeding decades, with more than 55,000 leaving for America in the decade of the 1890s and more than 311,000 in the first decade of the 20th Century. Emigration from Hungary to America peaked in 1907, declining precipitously from the 1920s. A substantial majority of those leaving the Kingdom of Hungary were members of ethnic minority groups, including Slovaks, Germans, and Jews. In the estimate of one leading scholar, ethnic Hungarians comprised only about one-third of those emigrating from Hungary to the United States during the 19th and first decades of the 20th Century. Those emigrating to America from the Kingdom of Hungary were predominantly rural, with about three-quarters of those arriving before World War I coming from agricultural towns and villages. Of these, about half were largely unskilled and impoverished agricultural laborers. Those leaving were driven by unemployment and the low standard of living in rural Hungary — a situation exacerbated by the kingdom's extremely unequal system of land distribution. Only about 20% of emigrants to America in this period can be accurately characterized as members of the urban working class, to which the international socialist movement made its most explicit ideological appeal. Despite the poor and rural social composition of the émigré Hungarian community in America, certain socialist influence had made itself felt. The Marxist movement in Hungary had emerged in 1880 with the formation of the General Workers' Party of Hungary (Magyarországi Altalános Munkáspárt), a group which renamed itself the Hungarian Social Democratic Party (Magyarországi Szociáldemokrata Párt) in 1890. This organization was particularly strong in the Hungarian trade union movement and that connection of organized politics with organized labor was echoed in the activities of the Hungarian colony on American soil as former peasants became semi-skilled and skilled industrial workers. Establishment Socialist Hungarian émigrés first began to engage in organized radical politics in America during the decade of the 1890s. Initial activity was concentrated in the leading American Marxist political party of the day, the Socialist Labor Party of America (SLP), which established a Hungarian language section in New York City in 1892. This activity was paralleled by the formation of a number of Hungarian-American fraternal-benefit organizations, including five national Sickness Benefit and Workers' Aid groups. One of these, the Workers Benefit and Educational Association, launched a newspaper called Népakarat (People's Will) in 1903 and began to take an active role in party politics. The Hungarian-American socialists split into two camps in 1904, with one part continuing to support the SLP while others gave their allegiance to the upstart Socialist Party of America (SPA), which was established in the summer of 1901. The majority group who remained loyal to the more orthodox and Marxist SLP, formed a new Sickness Benefit association of their own called the Socialist Hungarian Workers Federation, while retaining control of Népakarat. Those minority members giving allegiance to the rival SPA remained with the already existing Workers Benefit and Educational Association and launched a new newspaper called Előre (Forward) in |
September 1905. Development Előre was briefly merged with Népakarat in 1911 under the name of the older publication. This unification of the Hungarian-American socialist movement proved short-lived, however, and the two groups split once more in November 1912, with Előre once again emerging as a separate publication. The circulation of Előre at the time of its 1912 reemergence was approximately 10,000. In 1915 Előre came under direct control of the Hungarian Socialist Federation of the Socialist Party. The publication took a staunchly anti-militarist position towards the European world war, continuing its opposition even after American entry into the conflict in the spring of 1917. This opposition to the American war effort brought the paper into conflict with Postmaster General Albert S. Burleson and the administration of President Woodrow Wilson, and mail distribution to subscribers was hampered and its editors subjected to police pressure. Dissolution In 1919 the Socialist Party of America was split into radical and moderate wings. The Hungarian Socialist Federation gave its organizational support to the dissident Left Wing Section of the Socialist Party and was suspended from the SPA along with half a dozen other language federations of the party by the governing National Executive Committee in June. Supporters of the new Communist Party of America gained a dominant position on Előre's editorial board, but financial connections were disrupted in the process. In October 1921 the entity formally publishing Előre, known as the Elore Publishing Corporation, declared itself financially insolvent and the publication was terminated. This lapse proved brief, however, as within a month a new explicitly communist Hungarian language publication was launched, called Új Előre. This successor publication would continue publication without interruption until its eventual termination in 1937. See also Új Előre Bérmunkás Non-English press of the Socialist Party of America Non-English press of the Communist Party USA References Further reading József Kovács, A szocialista magyar irodalom dokumentumai a amerikai magyar sajtóban, 1920-1945. (Documents of Hungarian Socialist Literature in the Hungarian Press of America). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1977. Julianna Puskás, From Hungary to the United States, 1880-1914. Budapest: Studia Historica, 1982. Otto Taborszky, The Hungarian Press in America. M.A. thesis. Catholic University of America, 1953. Category:1905 establishments in New York (state) Category:1921 disestablishments in New York (state) Category:Magazines published in New York City Category:Hungarian-American culture in New York (state) Category:Hungarian-language magazines Category:Magazines established in 1905 Category:Magazines disestablished in 1921 Category:Defunct political magazines Category:Socialist magazines Category:Defunct magazines of the United States |
Guy Arkins James Guy Dalley Arkins (14 October 1888 – 2 August 1980) was an Australian politician. Born in Millthorpe, New South Wales, he was educated at public schools before becoming a builder. In 1915 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Labor member for Castlereagh. After the Labor split of 1916 over conscription, Arkins joined the Nationalist Party. While still an MLA, he served in the military from 1916–1919. In 1920 he transferred to the seat of St George, and in 1927 to Rockdale. He contested Waverley in 1932, following the abolition of Rockdale, but was defeated by William Clementson. On 26 September 1935, Arkins was appointed to the Australian Senate as a member of the United Australia Party (UAP) (successor to the Nationalist Party), filling the vacancy caused by the death of NSW Senator Lionel Courtenay, who had died 11 days after being sworn in. In the 1937 federal election, an election was held for four NSW Senate seats, all of which were won by the Labor Party using the infamous "four A's" strategy, whereby the ALP selected candidates whose names all began with the letter A. Arkins returned to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, winning Dulwich Hill in 1938 and holding it until 1941. He died in 1980. He was the last surviving member of the 1935–1937 Senate. References Category:Australian builders Category:Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of New South Wales Category:Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of New South Wales Category:United Australia Party members of the Parliament of Australia Category:Members of the Australian Senate for New South Wales Category:Members of the Australian Senate Category:Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly Category:1888 births Category:1980 deaths Category:20th-century Australian politicians |
Human flesh search engine Human flesh search engine () is a Chinese term for the phenomenon of distributed researching using Internet media such as blogs and forums. Internet media, namely dedicated websites and Internet forums, are in fact platforms that enable the broadcast of request and action plans concerning human flesh search and that allow the sharing of online and offline search results. Human flesh search has two eminent characteristics. First, it involves strong offline elements including information acquisition through offline channels and other types of offline activism. Second, it always relies on voluntary crowd sourcing: Web users gather together to share information, conduct investigations, and perform other actions concerning people or events of common interest. Human flesh search engine is similar to the concept of "doxing", a practice often associated with the social activist group Anonymous. Both human flesh search engine and doxing have generally been stigmatized as being for the purpose of identifying and exposing individuals to public humiliation, sometimes out of vigilantism, nationalist or patriotic sentiments, or to break the Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China. More recent analyses, however, have shown that it is also used for a number of other reasons, including exposing government corruption, identifying hit and run drivers, and exposing scientific fraud, as well as for more "entertainment"-related items such as identifying people seen in pictures. A categorization of hundreds of Human flesh search (HFS) episodes can be found in the 2010 IEEE Computer Society paper A Study of the Human Flesh Search Engine: Crowd-Powered Expansion of Online Knowledge. The system is based on massive human collaboration. The name refers both to the use of knowledge contributed by human beings through social networking, and to the fact that the searches are usually dedicated to finding the identity of a human being who has committed some sort of offense or social breach online. People conducting such research are commonly referred to collectively as "Human Flesh Search Engines". Because of the convenient and efficient nature of information sharing in cyberspace, the Human Flesh Search is often used to acquire information usually difficult or impossible to find by other conventional means (such as a library or web search engines). Such information, once available, can be rapidly distributed to hundreds of websites, making it an extremely powerful mass medium. The purposes of human flesh search vary from providing technical/professional Q&A support, to revealing private/classified information about specific individuals or organizations (therefore breaching the internet confidentiality and anonymity). Because personal knowledge or unofficial (sometimes illegal) access are frequently depended upon to acquire this information, the reliability and accuracy of such searches often vary. Etymology The term originated on the Mop forums in 2001, coined by Mop to describe "a search that was human-powered rather than computer-driven". The original human flesh search engine was a subforum on Mop similar to a question-and-answer (Q&A) site, focusing on entertainment-related questions. Gradually, the definition of the term evolved from not just a search by humans, but also a search of humans. History An early human flesh search dated back to March 2006, when netizens on Tianya Club collaborated to identify an Internet celebrity named "Poison" (). The man was found out to be a high-level government official. However, Fei-Yue Wang et al. state that the earliest HFS search was in 2001, "when a user posted a photo of a young woman on a Chinese online forum..., and claimed she was his girlfriend." She was eventually identified as a minor celebrity and the initial claim was discredited. Over the years, the human flesh search was repeatedly deployed, sometimes fueling moral crusades |
against socially unacceptable behaviors, such as political corruption, extramarital affairs, animal cruelties or perceived betrayal/hostilities towards the Chinese nation. Individuals on the receiving end often have their real-life identities or private information made public, and can be subjected to harassment such as hate mails/calls, death threats, graffiti and social humiliation. Organizations can be subjected to coordinated cyber-attacks. The human flesh search engine has also been deployed for amusement. Johan Lagerkvist, author of After the Internet, Before Democracy: Competing Norms in Chinese Media and Society, said that the Little Fatty meme, in which pictures of a teenager were photoshopped on film posters without the boy's permission, demonstrated that the human flesh search engine "can also be directed against society's subaltern and the powerless" and that "[t]his raises important issues of the legitimate right to privacy, defamation, and slander." The Baojia system of community rule-of-law in ancient China bears strong similarities with human flesh search. Both are based on some form of vigilantism. Stance of the People's Republic of China In December 2008, The People's Court in Beijing called it an alarming phenomenon because of its implications in "cyberviolence" and violations of privacy law. On the one hand, human flesh search by netizens is a manifestation of freedom of speech. It is also the supervisory right given by Article 41 of the Chinese Constitution. On the other hand, human flesh search leads to the disclosure of ordinary people's names, identities, family addresses and other personal data. The Chinese government has an official stance on it - which is that human flesh search engines violate privacy laws. Some local governments have made human flesh search engines illegal - by stating that posting the private information of another will result in a fine of 5000RMB. But all in all - the Chinese government does little to punish such cases - some might even say the government encourages it by allowing such widespread behavior to go unchecked. In film and television Caught in the Web is a 2012 film by Chen Kaige which explores fictional instances of use of the human flesh search engine. In the television series Mr. Robot, the mysterious group known as The Dark Army has elements based on the phenomenon. Aeason 20 episode 6 of Law and Order was titled "Human Flesh Search Engine". A web-based platform designed to pool the knowledge efforts of Internet sleuths is the premise of the CBS program Wisdom of the Crowd. Searching is a 2018 American thriller film about human flesh search. The Snow White Murder Case presents a tragedy of human flesh search. The 2009 Chinese film Invisible Killer is related to human flesh search. Human Flesh Search Engine is a Chinese documentary released on 18 July 2009. Notable examples South China Tiger photograph claims: In 2007, a hunter in Shaanxi Province, China, claimed to have encountered a live wild South China Tiger, which has long been considered extinct in natural environments. The photos he had taken were later published in a Science magazine (“Rare-Tiger Photo Flap Makes Fur Fly in China”). The wide circulation of these photos triggered a wave of authentication among Web users. who leveraged expertise in diverse domains ranging from zoology, botany, to photography and geometry. Finally, a participant successfully identified the origin of the images: a calendar cover painting, from which the hunter had used to forge the claimed South China Tiger pictures. Human flesh search ended up proving that the photos were fake and the 'exciting' discovery was a scam. Zhang Ya's Earthquake Video: In May 2008, an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 swept through Sichuan, China, |
killing approximately 87,587 people. In response to the quake, a video insulting the victims was published on YouTube by an anonymous female user. After nationwide outrage, The Human Flesh Search Engine identified the girl as Zhang Ya, doxing her and uploading her personal information online. Li Gang incident: On October 16, 2010, a drunk-driving student hit a pair of university students while driving inside Hebei University, with one fatality, and was reported to have shouted “Sue me if you dare, my dad is Li Gang!” when apprehended. Following the spread of the news on Chinese internet forums, the driver's identity was revealed as Li Qiming, the son of the deputy director of the local public security bureau. Doxed driver in the west of China: On 21 March 2013, a driver in Ürümqi, China rolled down his window to spit on an elderly homeless person lying on the street. Witnesses recorded the first few digits of the license plate. A brief broadcast by a local radio quickly caused a stir on the Internet and the furious netizens doxed Yin Feng, a part-time taxi driver in Ürümqi, only several hours later with harassing calls and blackmails. Boston Marathon Bombings: On 15 April 2013, two bombs exploded near the finish line of the Boston Marathon, causing 3 deaths and more than 170 injuries. The appalling event drew worldwide attention and members of Reddit.com voluntarily founded an investigative forum of Reddit.com where they compiled thousands of photos, studied them for clues which might lead to suspects. Thanks to a further dissemination, the mentioned suspects were doxed. Although in the end cyber-sleuths did not provide significant help to the final manhunt, the massive citizen involvement accomplished a powerful Internet vigilantism, which is one of the recent incarnations of human flesh search. See also Internet vigilantism Hacktivism References Further reading Cheong, P. H., & Gong, J. (2010) “Cyber vigilantism, transmedia collective intelligence, and civic participation”, Chinese Journal of Communication, 3(4), 471-487. Lennon Y.C. Chang and Ryan Poon (2016) “Internet Vigilantism: Attitudes and Experiences of University Students in Hong Kong”, International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative criminology. (DOI: 10.1177/0306624X16639037) Lennon Chang and Andy Leung (2015) “An introduction of cyber-crowdsourcing (human flesh searching) in the Greater China region” In Smith, R., Cheung, R and Lau, L. (eds) Cybercrime Risks and Responses: Eastern and Western Perspectives (pp, 240-252). NY: Palgrave. Bing Wang, Bonan Hou, Yiping Yao, Laibin Yan. Human Flesh Search Model Incorporating Network Expansion and GOSSIP with Feedback. 2009 13th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications (DS-RT 2009): 82-88. Capone, Vincent. The Human Flesh Search Engine: Democracy, Censorship, and Political Participation in Twenty-First Century China. ScholarWorks University of Massachusetts Boston. 2010. Levine, Jessi. . What Is a 'Human Flesh Search,' and How Is It Changing China? The Atlantic. 2012. External links Google Human Flesh Search (April Fools Joke) 'Human Flesh Search' a crime? China Daily, August 27, 2008 'From flash mob to lynch mob' CNN, June 5, 2007 'Human Flesh Search Engines’ Set Their Sights on Official Misbehavior Sky Canaves, The Wall Street Journal, December 29, 2008 TVO's Search Engine podcast on The Human Flesh Search Engine In the absence of a fair and open judicial system, Chinese Netizens have become digital vigilantes. August 11, 2009 Human Flesh Search Engine Research Blog Category:Internet vigilantism Category:Internet in China Category:Chinese words and phrases Category:Words coined in the 2000s Category:Words and phrases introduced in 2001 |
Sandwiches That You Will Like Sandwiches That You Will Like is a 2002 PBS documentary by Rick Sebak of WQED. The unique sandwich offerings of cities across the United States (although excepting two from California, the remaining sandwiches all originate no further west than Texas) are shown, from those that are often found outside of their city of origin (cheesesteak from Philadelphia) to the virtually unknown (St. Paul in St. Louis). The sandwiches showcased are: Tripe — George's, Italian Market, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania The Elvis — Peanut Butter & Co., New York City, New York Beef on weck — Schwabl's, West Seneca, New York Roast beef — Kelly's Revere Beach, Revere, Massachusetts French dip — Philippe's, Los Angeles, California Italian beef — Mr. Beef, Chicago, Illinois Loose meat — Taylor's Maid-Rite, Marshalltown, Iowa Cheesesteak — Dalessandro's, Roxborough, Philadelphia; Geno's and Pat's, South Philadelphia Pig ears and snouts — C & K Barbecue, St. Louis, Missouri Brain — Ferguson's, St. Louis St. Paul — Kim Van, St. Louis Bánh mì — Huong Lan, San Jose, California; Lucy Sheets, outside My Ngoc, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Primanti — Primanti Brothers, Pittsburgh Chipped ham — Isaly's, West View, Pennsylvania Hot Brown — Brown Hotel, Louisville, Kentucky Lobster roll — Red's Eats, Wiscasset, Maine Po' boy — Domilise's Restaurant, New Orleans, Louisiana Muffuletta — Central Grocery, New Orleans Barbecue — Thelma's, Houston, Texas Falafel — Sepal, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts Pastrami — Katz's Deli, New York City See also List of American sandwiches List of sandwiches Notes External links Sandwiches That You Will Like at IMDB.com Google Map of the locations listed above Category:American sandwiches Category:American documentary television films |
Jim Lee Hunt Jim Lee "Earthquake" Hunt (October 5, 1938 – November 22, 1975) was an American professional football player who was a defensive tackle for the American Football League's Boston Patriots from 1960 through 1969, and for the NFL' Boston Patriots in 1970. He was a four-time AFL All-Star, and was one of only twenty men to play the entire ten years of the AFL. He was used as a defensive end occasionally. He played college football for the Prairie View A&M Panthers. Professional career Hunt was drafted out of Prairie View A&M University in the 16th round of the 1960 NFL Draft by the Chicago Bears, but decided to sign as an original member of the Boston Patriots. He was nicknamed 'Earthquake' because it was said that the ground rumbled when he rushed the passer. He also was the team's fastest defensive lineman. He was a four-time AFL All-Star and was voted the best pass-rushing tackle in the AFL in 1967. Hunt recovered fumbles by Cotton Davidson, Al Dorow, Tom Flores, Mickey Slaughter, Ode Burrell,Darrell Lester, Daryle Lamonica, Steve Tensi, Bobby Burnett, Marlin Briscoe, Bob Cappadona, Robert Holmes, Don Trull & Larry Csonka. He returned a fumble by Don Trull 51 yards in the Patriots 45-17 loss to the Houston Oilers at the Houston Astrodome on December 15, 1968. He led the team with 9 sacks in 1966 and totaled 29 career sacks of 19 different QB's. He recorded sacks of Frank Tripucka, George Herring, Tom Flores, John Hadl, Jacky Lee, Len Dawson, John McCormick, Jack Kemp, Joe Namath, Don Trull, Max Chobian, Daryle Lamonica, Steve Tensi, Rick Norton, Pete Beathard, Jim LeClair, Bob Griese, Earl Morrall & James Harris. Hunt holds the AFL Record for the most career fumble recoveries. His number was retired by the team and was inducted into its Hall of Fame. He is a member of the Patriots All-1960s (AFL) Team and played in 142 games during his 12-year career. His death at a young age was caused from a heart attack. See also Other American Football League players External links Patriots Hall of Fame bio Category:Boston Patriots players Category:American Football League All-Star players Category:Players of American football from Texas Category:Prairie View A&M Panthers football players Category:1975 deaths Category:1938 births Category:American Football League players |
Modular symbol In mathematics, modular symbols, introduced independently by Bryan John Birch and by , span a vector space closely related to a space of modular forms, on which the action of the Hecke algebra can be described explicitly. This makes them useful for computing with spaces of modular forms. Definition The abelian group of (universal weight 2) modular symbols is spanned by symbols {α,β} for α, β in the rational projective line Q∪ ∞ subject to the relations {α,β} + {β,γ} = {α,γ} Informally, {α,β} represents a homotopy class of paths from α to β in the upper half-plane. The group GL2(Q) acts on the rational projective line, and this induces an action on the modular symbols. There is a pairing between cusp forms f of weight 2 and modular symbols given by integrating the cusp form, or rather fdτ, along the path corresponding to the symbol. References Category:Modular forms |
1865 Hungarian parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary between 10 November and 11 December 1865. The Deák Party won a majority of the seats. Results 1: The Far-Left was a fraction of the Centre-left Party. They didn't have own membership or president Later, after the joining of representatives from Transylvania and Croatia, the constitution of the Parliament was as follows: 1865 Election Hungary Category:Elections in Austria-Hungary Category:November 1865 events Category:December 1865 events hu:Magyarországi országgyűlési választások#1865 |
Miguel Maria Giambelli Miguel Maria Giambelli (March 23, 1920 – December 26, 2010) was a Brazilian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Giambelli, born in Flero, Italy was ordained a priest on July 4, 1943 from the Roman Catholic religious order Clerics Regular of Saint Paul. He was appointed Bishop of the Diocese of Guamá on April 21, 1980 and was ordained bishop on June 15, 1980. The diocese would be renamed to the Diocese of Bragança do Pará in October 1981. Giambelli served until his retirement on April 10, 1996 See also List of oldest Catholic bishops Diocese of Bragança do Pará Clerics Regular of Saint Paul External links Catholic-Hierarchy Category:20th-century Roman Catholic bishops Category:Brazilian Roman Catholic bishops Category:Italian Roman Catholic bishops in South America Category:1920 births Category:2010 deaths Category:Barnabites Category:Barnabite bishops |
SimCity 3000 SimCity 3000 is a city building simulation video game released in 1999, and the third major installment in the SimCity series. It was published by Electronic Arts (EA) and developed by series creator Maxis. It was released for Microsoft Windows, Macintosh, and, through an arrangement with Loki Games, Linux. Gameplay and changes from SimCity 2000 There are many changes between SimCity 3000 and its immediate predecessor SimCity 2000. These changes span both the integral city management aspects of the game, as well as its graphical and landscape aspects. More and newer city services are featured. These changes create a greatly different experience from that of SimCity 2000. The most notable change is the addition of the concept of waste management. In SimCity 3000, garbage begins to accumulate when the city grows to a medium size, and must be disposed of at the expense of the city. Farms and agricultural structures are also introduced, appearing on large light industrial zones in a city with low land value and little pollution. A new zoning density was also added, totaling three densities, compared to SimCity 2000s two. In addition to their limited life span, power plants and other utility buildings were also made vulnerable to decreasing maximum output due to age. All power plants have a life span, and additionally, the water facilities now have a life span as well. Although the concept of neighbor cities was introduced in SimCity 2000, it was greatly expanded upon in SimCity 3000. New for players is interaction with neighbouring cities, negotiating rudimentary business deals with other mayors, such as the sale or purchase of water, electricity or waste management services. These generate a monthly charge which is either added to or deducted from the player's treasury, in accordance with the deal. Canceling a neighbor deal would incur a penalty, unless the deal was cancelled when the other city wished to renegotiate. Although not strictly a city management aspect, SimCity 3000 simulates the effect of land value on construction much more realistically than in SimCity 2000. In SimCity 3000, land value creates very distinct neighborhoods which tend to contain narrow income bands, creating well-defined slums, middle class areas, and wealthy areas. Land value is also determined by the city center effect where buildings that are at the city center have higher land values and those buildings on the borders have lower land values. Business deals were another new concept to SimCity 3000; by allowing certain structures, such as a maximum security prison, to be built within the city, the player can receive a substantial amount of funds from them. Business deal structures, however, tend to have negative effects on the city, such as reduced land value. There are several changes to the graphical interface in SimCity 3000. Although the game retains the pseudo-isometric dimetric perspective of its predecessor, the actual landscape became more complex and colorful. In SimCity and SimCity 2000, the playable landscape is mostly brown, while in SimCity 3000, the playable landscape is a more realistic green color, along with other colors that progressively change by height, from beige (beach sand) to green to brown (bare ground) to white (snow). In SimCity 2000, land could either be flat or sloped, and all slopes were of the same steepness. In SimCity 3000, there are five distinct steepness of slope, creating more varied landscapes. There are different types of trees which can appear on the playable map, ranging from small, Deciduous trees to towering Redwoods. Advisors and petitioners SimCity 3000 and its revision, Unlimited, feature seven advisors, each covering a specific issue (city finances, transportation, |
environmental issues, city planning, safety, health and education, and city utilities), who help players make proper decisions in the game by providing recommendations and advice. As opposed to previous versions of SimCity, these advisors have names and actually give in-depth advice, rather than brief summaries of the situation in their department. There are also petitioners, many of whom are citizens of the city, that request players to modify city policies, such as lowering tax rates, or enacting an ordinance. Some are outside interests, often pushing proposals which would harm the city (i.e. building a casino, which would attract crime) in exchange for a boost to its financial coffers. The mayors of the four cities neighboring at each of the edges of the city's map (a feature carried over from SimCity 2000) also chime in if the player's city is connected to them by road or rail, to request that the player's city handle their city services (trash disposal, water, power, etc.) in exchange for financial compensation, or offer that the neighbor handles the city services for the player's city in exchange for a fee. News tickers In addition to advisors, a news ticker scrolls along the bottom of the screen, displaying pertinent information about the city in the form of news stories, such as indicating that the city needs more schools, or how well a particular city department is functioning. Generally, when things were going very well in a city, the news ticker would display headlines which are comical, or even nonsensical and often seemingly useless to the player. Examples of such headlines being: "After 36 years of marriage, man discovers wife to be form of rare yucca plant," or "(City Name) prints all wrong numbers in phone book, leads to 15 marriages" or quotes from a "Tommy B. Saif." Other headlines may be labeled "(City Name) News Ticker" or "From the Desk of Wise Guy Sammy". On occasions, the ticker will even provide a foreshadowing of an approaching disaster, for example, sometimes reading "Did you feel that big truck pass by? What? It wasn't a truck?", or "Mrs. SimLeary buys prize-winning cow", or perhaps another quote from a set range of different headlines before a disaster occurs. The text in the ticker can then be clicked to reveal more about the news item. Landmarks Real world landmarks are also introduced in SimCity 3000, but are mostly for aesthetic purposes (though placing a building would open up an option in the city ordinances window for tourism advertising), and are free of construction cost. Examples of landmarks featured in the original SC3K include the Parthenon, the CN Tower, Notre Dame, the Bank of China Tower, the Empire State Building, the Pharos of Alexandria and the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center with each tower a separate building, the Statue of Liberty, the Eiffel Tower, as well as the Fernsehturm TV Tower in Berlin. Music Another major change from SimCity 2000 is the addition of a live music score, whose lead composer is Jerry Martin. The new soundtrack incorporates new-age and live jazz songs. The fifteen tracks from the game are also available as MP3s for download on EA's SimCity 3000 website for listening outside of the game. Musicians include Glenn Letsch on bass, David Lauser on drums, Darol Anger on violin, John R. Burr and Art Hirahara on piano. 5 new tracks were added to the rerelease, but a typo in the game's AUDIO.INI causes two of the older tracks to not appear on the selection menu. They are not playable unless the file is edited from 0x0a to 0x13. |
(Concrete Jungle) All tracks should have a 0,1,0,1 as well. (SimCity 2000 Main Theme) In addition to this error, there are three hidden tracks. Also, "Sim Broadway" is not included in the rerelease and "SimCity 3000 Main Theme" and "Loading Loop Music" were replaced with new tracks. Development Prior to the acquisition of Sim developer Maxis by Electronic Arts in 1997, plans were originally made in 1996 to develop SimCity 3000 as a fully 3D game, in tune with the emergence of 3D video games. Although the idea was deemed impractical by employees for being too graphically demanding, Maxis management pushed for the concept, and the game was developed for a year. A pre-release screenshot of the original version suggests graphics similar to those seen in both SimCopter and Streets of SimCity, and was intended to include extensive micromanagement. When the game was first unveiled in the 1997 E3, it was "an experience still regarded as an embarrassment." The 3D version of the game was expected to become a flop, and its future release was even thought to be the fatal blow to an already poorly performing Maxis, which had failed to release profitable titles in the years since SimCity 2000. Following the signing of the acquisition deal, Maxis assured the public that SimCity 3000 was still set to be released in December 1997. After EA completed acquisition of Maxis, Luc Barthelet was assigned by EA as the new general manager of Maxis. He was troubled by the 3D Sim City 3000, questioning the viability of a game with such graphics. Eventually, the 3D version was completely scrapped, Lucy Bradshaw was brought in from EA in November 1997 to lead the Sim City 3000 project, and a new revision based on Sim City 2000s pseudo-isometric dimetric projection and sprite-based graphics was redeveloped from scratch. The new plan focused on retaining the core engine of the game, improving more minor features in the game instead, such as larger maps, new zoom levels, and additional gameplay parameters. The second version of Sim City 3000 would receive a more positive reception during its appearance in 1998 E3, and was well-received after its release in February 1999 (although Maxis originally intended the game to be released by Christmas 1998; regardless, EA willingly waited until the game was completed). Reception Sales SimCity 3000 shipped 1 million copies in its debut six months. In the German market, it received a "Gold" award from the Verband der Unterhaltungssoftware Deutschland (VUD) by the end of May 1999, indicating sales of at least 100,000 units across Germany, Austria and Switzerland. It was the United States' best-selling computer game during the first half of 1999, and by the end of September had sold 470,000 units in the country. This drew revenues of almost $20 million. It claimed second place for the year overall—behind Rollercoaster Tycoon—with sales of 657,514 copies and revenues of $26.8 million. This gross was the highest that year for a computer game in the United States. In 2000, SimCity 3000 placed ninth in the United States, with another 385,001 units sold. This earned an additional $10.5 million in revenue. In the United States, the game's Unlimited edition alone sold 1.1 million copies and earned $27.5 million by August 2006, after its release in January 2000. Edge ranked it as the country's sixth best-selling computer game between January 2000 and August 2006, and the highest-selling SimCity title during that period. Combined sales of all SimCity computer games released between January 2000 and August 2006, including SimCity 3000 Unlimited, had reached 3.4 million units in the United States by |
the latter date. SimCity 3000: UK Edition received a "Platinum" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 300,000 copies in the United Kingdom. According to Maxis's Lucy Bradshaw, SimCity 3000 achieved global sales of 4.6 million units by January 2002. Using data from product registrations, she explained that the overall series' userbase was three-fourths male and one-fourth female at that time. The game sold 5 million copies worldwide by 2007. Reviews and awards SimCity 3000 received positive reviews. IGN gave it a 9.0, praising sound, gameplay, graphics, and lasting appeal. GameSpot gave it an 8.5 and praised its graphics while criticizing the adviser system. SimCity 3000 Unlimited has also gained critical acclaim with IGN giving it a 9.1 praising its presentation and graphics. The Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences nominated SimCity for its 1998 "Strategy Game of the Year" award, although the game lost to Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri. Next Generation reviewed the PC version of the game, rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "SimCity 3000 is great fun and loaded with interesting, mind-absorbing gameplay." Legacy Expanded edition In May 2000, the game was re-released under different names in different regions, such as SimCity 3000 Unlimited (in North America and Oceania), SimCity 3000 Deutschland (Germany), SimCity 3000 Korea (South Korea), SimCity 3000 UK Edition (UK and Ireland) and SimCity 3000 World Edition''' (other countries), among others. This added, among other things, East Asian and European building sets, additional terrain colors and vegetation types, a snapshot feature, additional music, an improved version of the Building Architect Tool (a pseudo-3D design tool based on cubes), four additional disasters (such as locusts and space junk), additional landmarks (like the Seoul Tower and Helsinki Cathedral), new reward buildings, thirteen scenarios (along with an editor based on Microsoft Access) and a new FMV intro. Premade cities are also available, including (London and Liverpool for the UK), Berlin (with the Berlin Wall), Madison, Madrid, Moscow and Seoul. The game also includes city terrains based on the geography of real cities, including Hong Kong and Chicago. At the time of the game's release, EA launched a website for Simcity 3000 Unlimited which allowed users to exchange their creations. The site, formerly located at www.simcity.com/us/exchange/ (for North American territories), is no longer available and can only be accessed with an archiving tool.SimCity 3000 Unlimited was re-released digitally on GOG.com on July 14, 2016. SimCity DSSimCity DS is a heavily modified version of SimCity 3000 for the Nintendo DS released in Japan on February 22, 2007, North America on June 19, 2007 and Europe on June 22, 2007. The game inherits SC3Ks graphics, but makes use of the handheld's dual screens to display additional interfaces. Console-specific features are also included, such as the use of the console's integrated microphone, which is used to blow out fires, and the touchscreen, which is used to control the interface. The game also features a "Save the City" mode, in which the player must help one of several cities recover from a disaster and reach a specific target to succeed. iPhone and iPod Touch A version of SimCity 3000, known as SimCity for iPhone, was released in 2008 for the iPhone and iPod Touch. Unlike SimCity DS'', this version is a port of the original game, modified to use the touchscreen user interface. The iPhone version is missing many features, however, including inter-city relations or multiple road types. It was removed from the App Store in 2011. References External links SimCity 3000 on SimCity.com SimCity 3000 at MobyGames Category:1999 |
video games Category:City-building games Category:IOS games Category:Linux games Category:Loki Entertainment games Category:Mac OS games 3000 Category:Video games developed in the United States Category:Video games set in Hong Kong Category:Video games with isometric graphics Category:Video games with tile-based graphics Category:Windows games |
2006 Japan Football League The was the eighth season of the Japan Football League, the third tier of the Japanese football league system. Overview It was contested by 18 teams, and Honda FC won the championship. Before the season two corporate clubs changed their names and were re-established as independent organizations. Denso SC became FC Kariya and FC Horikoshi became Arte Takasaki. FC Ryukyu, JEF Reserves and Rosso Kumamoto were promoted from Regional leagues by the virtue of their placing in the Regional League promotion series, thus expanding the league to 18 teams. At the J. League meeting in August, Rosso Kumamoto were approved as first J. League associate members, becoming eligible to J2 promotion. No such promotion took place because they failed to achieve at least 4th spot in the final standings. Table Results Top scorers Attendance Promotion and relegation Due to the merger of Sagawa Express teams into one club, the Regional League promotion series winners TDK SC were promoted automatically. FC Gifu were set to play Honda Lock in the promotion and relegation series. F.C. Gifu won the series at 8–1 aggregate score and earned promotion to JFL. Honda Lock were relegated to Kyushu regional league. References 2006 3 |
Akanksha Dhiman Akanksha Dhiman (born 27 December 1991 in Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh) is an Indian model, actress, beauty queen and brand ambassador. Akanksha can speak some English, & Perfect Hindi .She won Miss Glory of Earth in 2013. Akanksha Dhiman was a queen is India beauty pageant field. She made a mark by winning the crown of Glamanand Super Model India where she has represented India in international pageants. She is the brand ambassador for South Korean auto company KR Motors at the time of Miss Asia Pacific. References Category:Female models from Himachal Pradesh Category:Actresses from Himachal Pradesh Category:21st-century Indian actresses Category:1991 births Category:Living people |
Manawan Manawan (named Manouane until 1991), officially named communauté Atikamekw de Manawan (French for "Atikamekw Community of Manawan"), is a First Nations reserve on the south-western shores of Lake Métabeskéga in the Lanaudière region of Quebec, Canada. It belongs to the Atikamekw of Manawan band of the Atikamekw Nation. The 5-kilometre by 2-kilometre reserve is an enclave within the Baie-Atibenne unorganized territory, approximately north of Saint-Michel-des-Saints. It is accessible by gravel road. The reserve takes its name from the Manouane River that has its source nearby. The standardized writing of the Atikamekw language spells it as Manawan, and this form was adopted on January 8, 1991. It means "place where they gather eggs". Toponymy "Manawan" means "place where we gather eggs" in Atikamekw language. The real name of the place where is located the village of Manawan is "Metapeckeka"" which mean "where swamps emerge" or "savannath that emerge from a bay". Geography The Indian Reserve of Manawan is an enclave within the Baie-Atibenne unorganized territory in Lanaudière, Quebec. It is located at northeast of Mont-Laurier and it covers an area of . It is linked by a gravel road to Saint-Michel-des-Saints to the south which is the closest service centre. The main city the closest to the village is Montreal. History At least since 1850 and probably earlier, the shores of Lake Métabeskéga were a gathering place for Atikamekw families from Wemotaci. This location, near their winter hunting grounds, was known in the 19th century as Metapeckeka, meaning "swamp coming from a bay" (from the fact that the lake is often dotted with floating plant debris that winds blew of the banks). Around 1870, logging companies moved into the area, prompting several families to permanently settle on the site. A year later, the Hudson's Bay Company opened its post. But damming of Kempt, Manawan, and Châteauvert Lakes in the early 1900s inundated the old village. A new village formed downstream at the current site. Establishing a reserve for themselves proved difficult for the Atikamekw. The repeated requests of Chief Louis Néwashish for this portion of their territory were rebuffed by the Canadian Government, saying that the Maniwaki reserve, created in 1850, was reserved for them. The Atikamekw refused to go and live there. The federal government still declined to establish a reserve, arguing that Wemotaci was also for them. After years of correspondence followed by numerous trips in birch-bark canoe to Ottawa and lengthy negotiations for federal services, the government agreed. On August 29, 1906, the Manouane Reserve was officially founded with of land and having some 50 inhabitants. The Hudson's Bay Company general store closed circa 1941. The village experienced further growth in the 1950s when more families settled down as a result of growing forest exploitation and the construction of large dams. In 1973, Manawan was connected by road to Saint-Michel-des-Saints. Land History 1861-01-31: Act of 1861, aside land not exceeding 93,080 hectares (230,000 acres) for the use of Indians. 1906-05-25: Surveying land for reserve Manowan. Undivided land. Area: 771.32 hectares (1,906 acres). 1906-08-29: Order in Council 532, transfer of the management and administration of the Government of Quebec to Government of Canada. Undivided land. Area: 771.32 hectares (1,906 acres). Current Situation Lands undivided, land acquired under the 1861 Act Transferring the management and administration of the Government of Quebec to Government of Canada by Order in Council 532 (1906-1908. - 29). Area: 771.32 hectares (1,906 acres) Demographics Historic populations: Population in 2001: 1646 Population in 1996: 1416 Population in 1991: 1224 Mother tongue: English: 0.2% French: 2.4% Atikamekw: 97.1% Other: 0.2% Education There are 2 schools on |
the reserve: École Simon P. Ottawa (Simon P. Ottawa School), pre-kindergarten to Elementary grade 6 École secondaire Otapi (Otapi High School), grades Secondary 1 to Secondary 5 See also Atikamekw of Manawan Conseil de la Nation Atikamekw André Quitich References External links 100 year anniversary of the Manawan reserve Conseil de la Nation Atikamekw Category:Atikamekw Category:Communities in Lanaudière Category:Indian reserves in Quebec Category:Hudson's Bay Company trading posts Category:1870 establishments in Canada |
The Rakoczi March The Rakoczi March () is a 1933 drama film directed by Gustav Fröhlich and Steve Sekely and starring Fröhlich, Leopold Kramer and Camilla Horn. It was a co-production between Austria, Germany and Hungary. A separate Hungarian-language version, Rákóczi induló, was made. Cast Gustav Fröhlich as Oberleutnant Tarjan Leopold Kramer as Graf Job Camilla Horn as Vilma, his daughter Paul Wagner as Rittmeister Arpad Graf Job, his son Ellen Frank as Erika, his niece Tibor Halmay as Leutnant Lorant Margit Angerer as the recital singer László Dezsőffy as the watchman Anton Pointner as Merlin, Job's neighbour Charles Puffy as the vet Willi Schur as Mischka, Tarjan's batman Rudolf Teubler as the peasant Otto Treßler as the regimental doctor Peter Wolff as Fähnrich Bilitzky References Bibliography External links Category:1933 films Category:1930s drama films Category:Austrian films Category:Hungarian films Category:German films Category:Austrian drama films Category:Hungarian drama films Category:German-language films Category:Films based on works by Ferenc Herczeg Category:German multilingual films Category:Films directed by Gustav Fröhlich Category:Films directed by Steve Sekely Category:Films scored by Paul Abraham Category:Austrian black-and-white films Category:German black-and-white films Category:Hungarian black-and-white films Category:Austrian multilingual films Category:Hungarian multilingual films Category:1930s multilingual films |
Russell (surname) Russell also Rossell is a British name some writers claim to be derived from the Anglo-Norman nickname rus[s]el (Modern Norman patronymic Roussel). The nickname was said to be a diminutive in -ell of the Anglo-Norman rous for "red" (Old French ros). In addition, the spelling -ell for the French diminutive suffix -el reflects the will to render the French pronunciation of -el like in other anglicized surnames such as Brunell, Purcell, etc. The name may also refer to Clan Russell, a Scottish armigerous clan. Historian William Anderson has written that Scottish Russells from Aberdeenshire can trace their ancestry through local parish records, back to a baron Rosel who purchased estates at Aden in Aberdeenshire in 1333. The first appearance of the Russell form of the name on any official record was William Russell, son of a Ralph de Rosel whose name appears in the Winton Domesday Book of (1107-1128). The Lenton Register named William Russell as Ralph de Rosel's son. (J.H. Wiffen, The Time of the Norman Conquest). The ancestor of the family may originate from le Rozel (Normandy, Cotentin, le Rosel in 1135, de Rosel in 1187). The last recorded use of the de Rosel form of the name in England in any official document was in a charter by Alain Russell, who held the fief of the church of Donnington in Lincolnshire from his father Robert Russell. In 1258 Alain Russell made a charter bestowing the church of St. Stephen at le Plessis-Grimoult in Normandy to the local parish, in which he named himself Alain de Rosel, showing that he continued to use the older de Rosel form of the name when in France. (J.H. Wiffen, The Time of the Norman Conquest) The Subsidy Roll carried out in 1327 lists 22 land owners named Russell with estates large enough to be taxed, but no one named de Rosel, showing that by 1327 the older de Rosel form of the name was no longer widely used in England. List of people with the surname Russell Disambiguation pages Arthur Russell (disambiguation) Charles Russell (disambiguation) Charlie Russell (disambiguation) Craig Russell (disambiguation) Darrell Russell (disambiguation) David Russell (disambiguation) Francis Russell (disambiguation) George Russell (disambiguation) Jack Russell (disambiguation) James Russell (disambiguation) (includes Jim) John Russell (disambiguation) Jonathan Russell (disambiguation) Kate Russell (disambiguation) Katherine Russell (disambiguation) (includes Catherine) Michael Russell (disambiguation) (includes Micho, Mike) Richard Russell (disambiguation) Robert Russell (disambiguation) (includes Bob) Rusty Russell (disambiguation) Thomas Russell (disambiguation) William Russell (disambiguation) (includes Bill, Billy, and Willy) History and philosophy Bertrand Russell (1872–1970), historian, philosopher, logician Jeffrey Burton Russell (born 1934), historian and religious scholar Art and literature Alexei Maxim Russell, Canadian writer Conrad Russell (1878–1947), English letter writer Ethan Russell (born 1945), American photographer and author Craig Russell (British author) Eric Frank Russell (1905–1978), British author Mary Doria Russell (born 1950), American author P. Craig Russell (born 1951), American comic book writer, artist, and illustrator Sean Russell (author) (born 1952), Canadian fantasy author Shirley Ximena Hopper Russell (1886–1985), American artist Ted Russell (Canadian politician) (1904–1977), Newfoundland and Labrador writer Walter Russell (1871–1963), American artist and author Drama, radio, television, and film Anna Russell (1911–2006), English–Canadian singer and comedian Betsy Russell (born 1963), American actress Bing Russell (1926–2003), American actor Chuck Russell (born 1958), American film director, producer, screenwriter and actor David O. Russell (born 1958), American film director Erica Russell (born 1951), New Zealand-born film animator Evangeline Russell (1902-1966), American actress Gail Russell (1924–1961), American actress Harold Russell (1914–2002), American World War II veteran, amputee, and actor Jane Russell (1921–2011), American actress Ken Russell (1927–2011), British film director Keri Russell (born 1976), |
American actress Kurt Russell (born 1951), American actor Lewis Russell (1889–1961), American actor Lillian Russell (Helen Louise Leonard, 1860/1861–1922), American vaudeville actress and singer Lucy Russell (born 1972), British actress Lynne Russell (born 1946), radio host and former CNN news anchorwoman Mark Russell (born 1932), American comedian Nipsey Russell (1918–2005), American comedian Rosalind Russell (1907–1976), American actress Theresa Russell (born 1957), American actress Wyatt Russell (born 1986), American actor and former ice hockey player Music Calvin Russell (musician) (1948–2011), American singer-songwriter and guitarist George Russell (composer) (1923–2009), American jazz pianist, composer, arranger and theorist Kevin Russell (born 1964), German singer (Böhse Onkelz) Larry Russell (1913–1954), American motion picture composer Larry Russell (bassist) (born 1950), American rock musician Leon Russell (1942–2016), American musician and songwriter Leroy "Junior" Russell, known as Tommy Lee Sparta (born 1987), Jamaican dancehall musician Luis Russell (1902–1963), Panamanian jazz pianist Pee Wee Russell (1906–1969), American jazz musician Welford Russell (1900–1975), Canadian composer Tom Russell (born 1949), American singer-songwriter Military and politics Addie Jenne Russell, New York State assemblywoman Daniel Lindsay Russell (1845–1908), American politician Dudley Russell (1896–1978), British Indian Army general in World War II Ebenezer Russell (1747–1836), New York politician Henry P. Russell (1878–1956), American Medal of Honor recipient Jeremiah Russell (1786–1867), American politician Jeremiah Russell (Minnesota) (1809–1885), American territorial legislator Keith Russell (politician) (1975-), Canadian politician Lee M. Russell (1875–1943), Mississippi politician Martha M. Russell (1867-1961), American nurse in World War I Newton Russell (1927–2013), California politician Samuel Russell (1789–1862), American trader in China Seán Russell (1893–1940), Irish republican English Whig family John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (c.1485–1555), Tudor statesman Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford (c.1527–1585) Anne Russell, Countess of Warwick (1548 or 1549–1604), a daughter of the 2nd Earl Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford (1572–1627) Lucy Russell, Countess of Bedford (1580–1627), wife of the 3rd Earl Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford (1593–1641) William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford (1613–1700), formerly 5th Earl of Bedford William Russell, Lord Russell (1638–1683), son of the 1st Duke and father of the 2nd; executed for treason for his involvement in the Rye House Plot Rachel Russell, Lady Russell otherwise Lady Rachel Wriothesley (c.1636–1723), wife of William Russell, Lord Russell Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford (1653–1727), a grandson of the 4th Earl of Bedford; First Lord of the Admiralty under King William Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford (1680–1711) Wriothesley Russell, 3rd Duke of Bedford (1708–1732) John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford (1710–1771) Francis Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (1739–1767), son of the 4th Duke and father of the 5th and 6th Dukes Francis Russell, 5th Duke of Bedford (1765–1802) John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford (1766–1839), popular English politician under his earlier title, Lord John Russell Lord William Russell (1767–1840), posthumous son of Francis Russell, Marquess of Tavistock, and brother of the 5th and 6th Dukes of Bedford; murdered by his valet Francis Russell, 7th Duke of Bedford (1788–1861) Lord George Russell (1790–1846), son of the 6th Duke of Bedford and father of the 9th; English soldier and diplomat John Russell, 1st Earl Russell (1792–1878), English Whig and Liberal politician; Prime Minister Lady William Russell otherwise Elizabeth Rawdon (1793–1874), wife of Lord George Russell William Russell, 8th Duke of Bedford (1809–1872) Francis Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford (1819–1891) Odo Russell, 1st Baron Ampthill (1829–1884), British diplomat John Russell, Viscount Amberley (1842–1876), eldest son of John Russell, 1st Earl Russell; father of Bertrand Russell George Russell, 10th Duke of Bedford (1852–1893) Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford (1858–1940) Frank Russell, 2nd Earl Russell (1865–1931) Bertrand Russell (1872–1970), British mathematician and philosopher (Russell's paradox); 3rd Earl |
Russell Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford (1888–1953), pacifist Ian Russell, 13th Duke of Bedford (1917–2002) John Russell, 4th Earl Russell (1921–1987) Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell (1937–2004) Robin Russell, 14th Duke of Bedford (1940–2003) Andrew Russell, 15th Duke of Bedford (born 1962) Nicholas Russell, 6th Earl Russell (1968–2014) John Russell, 7th Earl Russell (born 1971) Science and technology Sir Arthur Russell, 6th Baronet (1878–1964), British mineralogist Bertrand Russell (1872–1970), British historian, philosopher, logician Edward Stuart Russell (1887–1954), Scottish biologist and philosopher of biology Findlay E. Russell (1919–2011), American physician and toxicologist Gerald Russell (born 1928), British psychiatrist who described first bulimia nervosa Harry Luman Russell (1866–1954), American bacteriologist Henry Norris Russell (1877–1957), American astronomer (Hertzsprung-Russell diagram also called HR diagram) John Scott Russell (1808–1882), Scottish naval engineer credited with discovering the theory of waves Katheryn Russell-Brown (born 1961), American criminologist Liane Russell (1923–2019), American geneticist Patrick Russell (1726–1805), Scottish herpetologist Steve Russell (computer scientist) (born 1937), American computer scientist famous for creating Spacewar! Stuart J. Russell (born 1962), British computer scientist Sports and recreation Andre Russell (born 1988), West Indies cricketer Barry Russell, Australian rugby league footballer Bill Russell (born 1934), NBA player Calvin Russell (American football) (born 1983), NFL player Cam Russell (born 1969), NHL player Carolyn Russell (born 1974), Canadian squash player Chris Russell (born 1989), English cricketer Clarence W. Russell, American college sports coach D'Angelo Russell (born 1996), NBA player Damien Russell (born 1970), American football player Dontavius Russell (born 1995), American football player Erk Russell (1926–2006), American athlete and coach Jack Russell (cricketer, born 1963) JaMarcus Russell (born 1985), NFL player Jeff Russell (born 1961), MLB player and manager Jimmy Russell (rugby league), rugby league footballer of the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s Jordan Russell (born 1986), Australian rules footballer Kane Russell (born 1992), New Zealand field hockey player Kris Russell (born 1987), Canadian ice hockey player Lloyd Russell (1913–1968), American athlete and college sports coach Mickey Russell, American football player Moses Russell (1888–1946), Welsh international footballer Reb Russell (1889–1973), MLB player Rip Russell (1915–1976), MLB player Simon Russell (footballer) (born 1985), English footballer Vaughan Russell, Scottish footballer Other Bourn Russell (1794-1880), British/Australian mariner, pastoralist, businessman and politician See also Russell (disambiguation) Russell (given name) Roussel (surname) Lord Russell (disambiguation) Lady Russell (disambiguation) References Category:English-language surnames |
12th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam The 12th Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Bộ Chính trị Ban Chấp hành trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam Khoá XII) is the current Politburo of the ruling Communist Party in Vietnam. It was selected by the Central Committee of the Party at the 12th National Congress of the CPV on January 27, 2016, and is expected to serve until the 13th National Congress, tentatively scheduled for early 2021. The 19-member committee comprises 12 newcomers and seven returning members. Within Vietnam's one-party political system, the Politburo de facto occupies the apex of the political system, with important government positions (president, prime minister, chair of the National Assembly) and leadership of the military and security forces almost always held by its members. Since the incumbent president, prime minister, and chair of the National Assembly (Trương Tấn Sang, Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, and Nguyễn Sinh Hùng, all members of the 11th Politburo) were not selected to partake in the 12th Politburo, they were expected to retire when the National Assembly confirmed their successors in late 2016. The incumbent general secretary of the CPV, Nguyễn Phú Trọng, was re-elected to his post. At the 11th session of the 13th National Assembly, a number of members of the new Politburo were confirmed as new leaders of state institutions. Members A "*" indicates that the position was confirmed at the 11th session of the 13th National Assembly, convened from late March 2016. References http://tuoitre.vn/tin/chinh-tri-xa-hoi/20160128/infographic-19-uy-vien-bo-chinh-tri-khoa-xii/1045678.html Category:Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam |
Okenia hiroi {{Taxobox | name = | image = | image_width = | image_caption = | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Mollusca | classis = Gastropoda | unranked_superfamilia = clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Nudipleura clade Nudibranchia clade Euctenidiacea clade Doridacea | superfamilia = Onchidoridoidea | familia = Goniodorididae | genus = Okenia | species = O. hiroi | binomial = Okenia hiroi| binomial_authority = (Baba, 1938) | synonyms = Hopkinsia hiroi Baba, 1938 }}Okenia hiroi is a species of sea slug, specifically a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Goniodorididae. Distribution This species was described from the Kii peninsula, Japan. It has also been found in Korea and Hong Kong. Description This Okenia has a broad flattened body and about nine elongate lateral papillae on each side of the mantle. These papillae are irregularly arranged and crowded and there are additional papillae arising from the back. The colour is bright pink with the papilae tipped with white or almost entirely white. It is similar in shape, colour and diet to Okenia rosacea from the Pacific coast of America. Ecology The diet of this species is the bryozoan Integripelta acanthus''. References Category:Goniodorididae Category:Gastropods described in 1938 |
Brenna Youngblood Brenna Youngblood (born in 1979, Riverside, California) is an American artist who is known for creating photographic collages, sculpture, and paintings. Youngblood received a BFA from the California State University, Long Beach in 2002 and an MFA from the University of California, Los Angeles in 2006. Her work explores issues of African-American identity and representation. Youngblood's work often references historically significant moments and organizations in African-American history such as her 2017 sculpture M.I.A. which "refers to the Montgomery Improvement Association, a group co-organized by Martin Luther King, Jr. to guide the Montgomery bus boycott protest in 1955." Youngblood has done 11 solo exhibitions from 2006 to 2017. She has also been a part of 16 group exhibitions from 2004 to 2018. Many of Youngblood's exhibitions have been shown largely in Los Angeles and New York City. Her work has been repeatedly shown at the Tilton Gallery, known for displaying up and coming artists. Awards 2015 Seattle Art Museum Gwendolyn Knight/Jacob Lawrence Prize 2014 The Hermitage Artist Retreat, Englewood, FL 2012 Los Angeles County Museum of Art Young Talent Award/AHAN Award. References Category:Living people Category:1979 births Category:Date of birth missing (living people) Category:Artists from Riverside, California Category:California State University alumni Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni Category:American collage artists Category:Sculptors from California Category:Painters from California Category:21st-century American sculptors Category:21st-century American painters Category:21st-century American women artists Category:African-American women artists Category:African-American painters |
List of areas of law The following is a list of major areas of legal practice and important legal subject-matters. From, one of the five capital lawyers in Roman Law, Domitius Ulpianus, (170–223) – who differentiated ius publicum versus ius privatum – the European, more exactly the continental law, philosophers and thinkers want(ed) to put each branch of law into this dichotomy: Public and Private Law. “huius studdii duæ sunt positiones: publicum et privatum. Publicum ius est, quod statum rei Romanæ spectat, privatum, quod ad singulorum utilitatem; sunt enim quædam publice utila, quædam privatim". (Public law is that, which concerns Roman state, private law is concerned with the interests of citizens.) In the modern era Charles-Louis Montesquieu (1689–1755) amplified supremely this distinction: International (law of nations), Public (politic law) and Private (civil law) Law, in his major work: (On) The Spirit of the Law (1748). “Considered as inhabitants of so great a planet, which necessarily contains a variety of nations, they have laws relating to their mutual intercourse, which is what we call the law of nations. As members of a society that must be properly supported, they have laws relating to the governors and the governed, and this we distinguish by the name of politic law. They have also another sort of law, as they stand in relation to each other; by which is understood the civil law.” By area of study and practice Administrative law Admiralty law Agency law Alcohol law Alternative dispute resolution Animal law Antitrust law (or competition law) Art law (or art and culture law) Aviation law Banking law Bankruptcy law (creditor debtor rights law or insolvency and reorganization law) Bioethics Business law (or commercial law); commercial litigation Business organizations law (or companies law) Canon law Civil law or common law Class action litigation/Mass tort litigation Communications law Computer law Competition law Conflict of law (or private international law) Constitutional law Construction law Consumer law Contract law Copyright law Corporate law (or company law), also corporate compliance law and corporate governance law Criminal law Cryptography law Cultural property law Custom (law) Cyber law Defamation Drug control law Elder law Employment law Energy law Entertainment law Environmental law Family law Financial services regulation law Firearm law Food law Gaming law Health and safety law Health law Immigration law Insurance law Intellectual property law International law International human rights law International trade and finance law Internet law Juvenile law Labour law (or Labor law) Litigation Martial law Media law Medical law Military law Mining law Music law Nationality law Obscenity law Parliamentary law Patent law Poverty law Privacy law Procedural law Property law Public health law Public International Law Real estate law Securities law / Capital markets law Space law Sports law Statutory law Tax law Technology law Tort law Trademark law Transport law / Transportation law Trusts & estates law Water law See also List of legal topics List of legal terms References Category:Law-related lists |
Launaea Launaea is a genus of flowering plants in the dandelion family. Species References External links Cichorieae Portal Category:Asteraceae genera Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
He Guoqiang He Guoqiang (; born October 1943) is a retired senior leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Between 2007 and 2012, He was a member of the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), China's highest ruling council, and the Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the party's anti-corruption agency. Earlier in his career, He served as the head of the Organization Department of the Communist Party, the Governor of Fujian, and the Party Committee Secretary of Chongqing. Career He Guoqiang was born in Xiangxiang, Hunan in 1943. He joined the Communist Party of China in January 1966 and joined the work force in September 1966. He graduated from the Inorganic Chemistry Department at the Beijing Institute of Chemical Engineering where he had majored in inorganics. With his university education, he held the title of Senior Engineer. He was first assigned to work as a technician at the synthesis division of the Lunan Chemical Fertilizer Plant in Shandong. During his eleven years there he eventually made his way up to party branch secretary (de facto head of the plant). Eventually He became an official at the chemical industry department of the Shandong provincial government. After that, he began taking on increasingly senior administrative roles, ascending through the ranks to become Party Committee Secretary in Jinan, the capital of Shandong, in 1987, and a member of the Shandong provincial Party Standing Committee. In 1991, he became deputy minister of Chemical Industry. In October 1996, He was transferred to Fujian to become deputy governor, then acting governor. He assumed the post of the Governor of Fujian between 1997 and 1999. In June 1999, he was named the party secretary of Chongqing, only the second person to take on the job after the city gained direct-controlled municipality status. He remained in Chongqing until 2002. He moved to national prominence that year, becoming the head of the Organization Department of the Communist Party of China, overseeing party personnel. He was named to the Politburo Standing Committee at the 17th Party Congress in November 2007, heading up the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, in charge of stamping out corruption with party officials, replacing Wu Guanzheng. He was ordered by General Secretary Hu Jintao to go into earthquake areas in the aftermath of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. He Guoqiang was said to be a 'moderating' force on the PSC, with no apparent loyalties to any particular factions or patrons. Family He Guoqiang's eldest son, (; born June 7, 1971), is a former soldier who eventually went into business. He Jintao founded the private equity firm Nepoch Capital. He Jintao worked with Morgan Stanley and China Resources on various investment projects. Several media sources have linked He Jintao with the corruption case involving Song Lin, former chief executive of China Resources. He Guoqiang's second son, He Jinlei (), was a vice president at the investment arm of China Development Bank, CDB Capital, a state-owned company which invested heavily in Alibaba's initial public offering in 2014. The wives and children of both of He Guoqiang's sons are said to be living in the San Francisco Bay Area of the United States. In May 2014, U.S.-based Chinese-language website Duowei reported that He's successor as central discipline secretary Wang Qishan scheduled a meeting with him to discuss ongoing investigation into the business activities of his sons, and He Jintao specifically. The same article mentioned that the likelihood of He Guoqiang's personal involvement in corruption was low, and that He urged his sons to cooperate with the investigation. References Category:Living people Category:1943 births Category:Politicians from Xiangtan Category:Governors of Fujian |
Category:Communist Party of China politicians from Hunan Category:Beijing University of Chemical Technology alumni Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Hunan Category:Political office-holders in Shandong Category:Political office-holders in Chongqing Category:Members of the 17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China Category:Members of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China Category:Secretaries of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Category:Members of the 16th Politburo of the Communist Party of China |
Kaanapponnu Kaanapponnu is a Malayalam novel written by dual writers, Parappurath and K. Surendran. The novel was published in December 1982 by the literary workers co-operative society. The novel is a novel by dual writers. After the death of Parappurath, the non-completed novel was completed by Surendran. Story line A beautiful girl named Ribba, from a wealthy family, has to be so humbly married to a non-beautiful young man named Thomas Kutty, with a certain situation. The reluctance of Reeba to Thomas, Reeba creates tensions in their marriage life. Later, Reeba, whose familiarity with Thomas Kutty's beautiful Sunaramanayana Rao, knows the beauty of the minds of Thomas Kutty. History of the novel Parappuram committed to write a novel as series in Deepika's weekly and he began. Unfortunately, the work couldn't completed because of his death. After his death, K. Surendran, a family friend of Parappuram continued and fulfilled the work with the help of Sangeetha, the youngest daughter of Parappurath. References External links പാറപ്പുറത്ത് അരനാഴികനേരത്തിന് അര നൂറ്റാണ്ട് Puzha Books Category:Malayalam novels |
Velebit Pumped Storage Power Plant Velebit Pumped Storage Power Plant () is a pumped-storage power plant in Croatia that has two turbines with a nominal capacity of each, having a total capacity of . , it was one of three operational pumped-storage power plants in Croatia. The plant was designed by Elektroprojekt, Projektni Biro and Geoexpert, and constructed by Industrogradnja, Konstruktor, Hidroelektra, Pomgrad and Geotehnika. Turbines type: single-stage turbine-pump units: 2 turbine design head: design pumping head: turbine rating: installed discharge: - turbine (2x), - pump (2x) References Sources http://www.koncar-ket.hr/dokumenti/rhe-velebit-zamjena-opreme-sust-%20uprav.pdf http://www.pbs.hr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9&Itemid=4 http://www.koncar-ket.hr/dokumenti/Numericka%20zattita%20motor%20generatora%20u%20RHE%20Velebit.pdf http://www.ie-zagreb.hr/clanci/clanciPDF/2003HKCigre/A1-12.pdf http://www.gradri.hr/dokumenti/pgit/15-Okna.pdf Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 1984 Category:Hydroelectric power stations in Croatia Category:Pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations Category:Buildings and structures in Zadar County |
Siri (given name) Siri is a Scandinavian female given name. It is a short form of Sigrid, of Old Norse origin, and literally meaning "beautiful victory", from Old Norse sigr (victory) and Old Norse fríðr (beautiful). The name Siri has been widely used since the Middle Ages, and is a common name in Norway, Sweden and the Faroe Islands. It is also the name of Apple's virtual assistant. It was common in Norway until the 18th century, when its usage declined, but saw new high popularity in the 20th century. In Sweden the name gained new popularity around 1900, and has again become increasingly popular in the last years. The Faroese spelling of the name is Sirið; the ð is not pronounced. The other spelling without ð is also common. To a lesser extent it is also used in Denmark. Siri is also a Indian female given name. It is a Kannada & Telugu language word, meaning wealth or fortune. It is a popular given name in Karnataka, Andhra pradesh and Telangana states of south-central India. Siri is also a Thai neutral given name. It is a cognate with the Indian name and have the same meaning. People Siri Bjerke, Norwegian cabinet minister Siri Broch Johansen, Norwegian author Siri Dokken, Norwegian artist Siri von Essen, Swedish actress and wife of August Strindberg. Siri Hustvedt, American author Siri Lindley, American triathlete and coach Siri Nilsen (born 1985), Norwegian singer, songwriter, musician, and voice actress Siri, American adult actress Others Siri, a virtual assistant created by Apple Inc. References Category:Old Norse personal names Category:Norwegian feminine given names |
List of people executed in Texas, 2020–present The following is a list of people executed by the U.S. state of Texas since 2020. So far, 2 people have been executed since 2020. All of the people during this period were convicted of murder and have been executed by lethal injection at the Huntsville Unit in Huntsville, Texas. Executions 2020–present The number in the "#" column indicates the nth person executed since 1982 (when Texas resumed the death penalty). As an example, John Steven Gardner (the first person executed in Texas during the 2020 decade) was the 568th person executed since resumption of the death penalty. References External links Death Row Information. Texas Department of Criminal Justice 2020 Executed People executed in Texas, 2020–present Tex |
Nine Stones, Winterbourne Abbas The Nine Stones, also known as the Devil's Nine Stones, the Nine Ladies, or Lady Williams and her Dog, is a stone circle located near to the village of Winterbourne Abbas in the southwestern English county of Dorset. Archaeologists believe that it was likely erected during the Bronze Age. The Nine Stones is part of a tradition of stone circle construction that spread through much of Great Britain, Ireland, and Brittany between 3,300 and 900 BCE, during the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. The stone circle tradition was accompanied by the construction of timber circles and earthen henges, reflecting a growing emphasis on circular monuments. The purpose of such rings is unknown, although archaeologists speculate that the stones represented supernatural entities for the circle's builders. At least nine of these stone circles are known to have been constructed near modern Dorset. They are smaller than those found elsewhere in Great Britain and are typically built from sarsen stone. Located in the bottom of a narrow valley, the Nine Stones circle has a diameter of 9.1 metres by 7.8 metres (29 feet 10 inches by 25 feet 11 inches). It consists of nine irregularly spaced sarsen megaliths, with a small opening on its northern side. Two of the stones on the northwestern side of the monument are considerably larger than the other seven. This architectural feature has parallels with various stone circles in southwestern Scotland, and was potentially a deliberate choice of the circle's builders, to whom it may have had symbolic meaning. Antiquarians like John Aubrey and William Stukeley first took an interest in the site during the eighteenth century. It later received archaeological attention, although it has not been excavated. Local folklore has grown up around the circle, associating it with the Devil and with children petrified into rock. The Nine Stones are regarded as a sacred site by local Druids, who perform religious ceremonies there. The circle is adjacent to the A35 road and encircled by trees. The site is owned by English Heritage and is open without charge to visitors. Location The Nine Stones circle is positioned at the national grid reference 36100904, on the western edge of the village of Winterbourne Abbas in Dorset, Southwest England . Enclosed within iron railings, it is surrounded on three sides by trees and on the northern side by the A35 road. The roots of a beech tree have engulfed two of the megaliths in the circle. The archaeologist Aubrey Burl noted that while "this petite ring should be a delight to see", it was instead a "frustration" as a result of its restricted location. He noted that it was difficult to take clear photographs of the site because of the surrounding trees. Context While the transition from the Early Neolithic to the Late Neolithic—which took place with the transition from the fourth to the third millennium BCE—witnessed much economic and technological continuity, it also saw a considerable change in the style of monuments erected, particularly in southern and eastern England. By 3,000 BCE, the long barrows, causewayed enclosures, and cursuses which had predominated in the Early Neolithic had ceased being built, and were instead replaced by circular monuments of various kinds. These include earthen henges, timber circles, and stone circles. These stone rings are found in most areas of Britain where stone is available, with the exception of the island's southeastern corner. Stone circles are most densely concentrated in southwestern Britain and on the northeastern horn of Scotland, near Aberdeen. The tradition of their construction may have lasted for 2,400 years, from 3300 to |
900 BCE, with the major phase of building taking place between 3000 and 1,300 BCE. These stone circles typically show very little evidence of human visitation during the period immediately following their creation. This suggests that they were not sites used for rituals that left archaeologically visible evidence, and may have been deliberately created to serve as what the historian Ronald Hutton describes as "silent and empty monuments". The archaeologist Mike Parker Pearson suggested that in Neolithic Britain, stone was associated with the dead and wood with the living. Other archaeologists have suggested that the stone might not represent ancestors, but rather other supernatural entities, such as deities. Burl described modern Dorset as having a "thin scatter" of stone circles, with nine possible examples known within the county's boundaries. The archaeologist John Gale described these as "a small but significant group" of such monuments, and all are located within five miles of the sea. All but one—Rempstone Stone Circle on the Isle of Purbeck—are located on the chalk hills west of Dorchester. The Dorset circles have a simplistic typology and are of a comparatively small size in comparison to other British stone circles, with none exceeding 28 metres (92 feet) in diameter. All are oval in shape, although they perhaps have been altered from their original form. With the exception of the Rempstone circle, all consist of sarsen stone. Much of this may have been obtained from the Valley of Stones, a location at the foot of Crow Hill near to Littlebredy, which is located within the vicinity of many of these circles. With the exception of the circle at Litton Cheney, none display evidence of any outlying stones or earthworks around the stone circle. The archaeologists Stuart and Cecily Piggott believed that the circles of Dorset were probably of Bronze Age origin, a view endorsed by Burl, who noted that their distribution did not match that of any known Neolithic sites. It is possible that they were not all constructed around the same date, and the Piggotts suggested that while they may well be Early Bronze Age in date, it is also possible that "their use and possibly their construction may last into the Middle and even into the Late Bronze Age". Their nearest analogies are the circles found on Dartmoor and Exmoor to the west, and the Stanton Drew stone circles to the north. It is also possible that the stone circles were linked to a number of earthen henges erected in Dorset around the same period. Description and design The Nine Stones circle has been described by Gale as "probably the most well documented of all those surviving in the county". It measures 9.1 metres by 7.9 metres (29 feet 10 inches by 25 feet 11 inches) in diameter, as measured from a north-to-south direction. The stones are of sarsen or conglomerate. A gap between two stones on the side of the circle adjacent to the road may suggest that there was once a tenth stone in the monument. Given its dimensions, the circle could only accommodate a small number of individuals assembling within it. Seven of the nine surviving stones are under 90 centimetres (3 feet) tall, but two of the northwestern stones are considerably larger. Located opposite the circle's two shortest stones, one is thin and pointed, reaching 2.1 metres (7 feet) high, while the other is broader, measuring 1.8 metres square (6 feet by 6 feet). The largest of the stones weighs approximately 7.3 tonnes (8 tons) and would have required the efforts of many people to move and erect it. This disparity between |
the sizes of the megaliths is unparalleled among the other surviving stone circles in the Dorset area, and may have been a deliberate choice by the circle's builders, perhaps reflecting sexual symbolism. There are a number of similar circles in southwestern Scotland, for example the Loupin' Stones, Ninestane Rig, and Burgh Hill, all of which share the architectural feature of having two taller stones on their perimeters. Potentially supporting this link between Dorset and southwestern Scotland is the fact that the Grey Mare and her Colts—a chambered long barrow located two and a half miles southwest of the Nine Stones—displays architectural similarities with the Clyde-Solway tradition of chambered long barrows. Landscape context and related monuments The circle is located at the bottom of a narrow valley. Though this is unusual for a monument of this type, the Dorset Rempstone stone circle was also erected within a valley. The antiquarian John Aubrey recorded a further stone circle, located about a kilometre (half a mile) to the west of the Nine Stones, which was of similar dimensions to it. It was later destroyed, although as of the 1930s three stones were recorded as remaining at the site. Gale later suggested that this site may not have even been a stone circle at all, but might instead have been the remains of an Early Neolithic chambered tomb. He noted, however, that "as nothing remains it is at the moment impossible to resolve". There is also a fallen standing stone known as the Broad Stone which measures 2 metres (6.6 feet) in length and which lies beside the road about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 miles) to the west of the Nine Stones. As it was recorded in the nineteenth century it measured 3 metres (10 feet) in length, 2 metres (6 and a half feet) in breadth, and 0.6 metres (2 feet) in thickness. The monument was protected from passing cars by several bollards which were later removed by the highways authority, prompting statements of concern that the stone was unprotected in 2008. Later history Antiquarian and archaeological research The circle was recorded by Aubrey in the seventeenth century, and then by William Stukeley in the eighteenth century. Aubrey recorded the presence of nine megaliths at the site, as did Stukeley's 1723 drawing of it. In the nineteenth century the site was visited by the antiquarian Charles Warne, who wrote about it in his 1872 book Ancient Dorset. He claimed that he could discern the existence of a tenth stone, although on visiting the site in 1936, the Piggotts noted that they could find no evidence of this. Gale later stated that this claim "has never been substantiated". Warne had consulted Aubrey's manuscript, but confused Aubrey's illustration of the Devil's Quoits at Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire, for a monument that he believed had once been located near to the Nine Stones. In 1888, the local council decreed that—along with the Grey Mare and her Colts and the Tenant Hill stone circle—the site would be registered as an "ancient monument" under the Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882. In August 1916, the site was then listed as a scheduled monument. The circle was included in the archaeologist O. G. S. Crawford's Map of Neolithic Wessex, printed by the Ordnance Survey in 1932. As of 2003, the site had not been excavated. Folklore In 1908, the stone circle was known as the "Nine Ladies" and the "Devil's Nine Stones", and in 1941 they were associated with both the Devil and human sacrifice in local folklore. As of 1968, the stone circle was still known as the "Devil's Nine Stones". |
In 1966, a man from Winterborne St Martin claimed that the stones were the Devil, his wife, and his children. There are many ancient sites across Britain with names that associate them with the Devil. Examining such place-names, the folklorist Jeremy Harte argued that they did not develop during the Christianisation of England in the early Middle Ages, but rather they were applied to such sites in later centuries, often supplanting the name of an earlier folkloric or legendary figure. In 1965 a woman from the Isle of Portland stated that her own father had always raised his cap when passing the circle. At the same time local folklore was recorded as holding that the stones in the ring could not be counted. This "countless stones" motif is not unique to this particular site, and can be found at various other megalithic monuments in Britain. The earliest textual evidence for it is found in an early sixteenth-century document, where it applies to the stone circle of Stonehenge in Wiltshire, although in an early seventeenth-century document it was being applied to The Hurlers, a set of three stone circles in Cornwall. Later records reveal that it had gained widespread distribution in England, as well as a single occurrence each in Wales and Ireland. The folklorist S. P. Menefee suggested that it could be attributed to an animistic understanding that these megaliths had lives of their own. The archaeologist Leslie Grinsell reported that in the mid-1970s, he learned of a folk tale that the stones had once been children who were turned to stones as punishment for playing Five-Stones on a Sunday. This folk motif of humans turned to stone for revelling on a Sunday had been attached to a range of prehistoric monuments across southwestern Britain by the early eighteenth century, although it had been first recorded in Cornwall in 1602. It is likely connected to Sabbatarianism, and may have been spread by Protestant preachers. In 1984, Harte talked to various individuals who lived in the local area, finding that the monument was also known as "Lady Williams and her Dog" or "Lady Williams and her Little Dog Fido", a reference to a family who lived at Bridehead House, Littlebredy. He also related a story that on 23 January 1985, a breakdown van was towing a car past the Nine Stones when, at 9:15pm, its engine cut out and the lights on both vehicles failed. Press coverage speculated that the event was linked to both a ley line passing through the site and to unidentified flying objects that have been reported above the nearby Eggardon Hill. Recent developments The site is in the care of English Heritage, and can be visited at any time. The circle is considered a place of religious importance to a modern Druidic group called the Dolmen Grove Druids. They have described having to confront individuals shouting abuse at them while they have performed their rituals at the stone circle. In October 2007, the sides of the stones facing the road were daubed in white paint with the slogans "Read family court hell" and "F4J". "F4J" was also painted on to the side of Dorset's Hardy Monument. The activist group Fathers4Justice—whose acronym is "F4J"—denied any responsibility, condemned the action, and suggested that the slogans had been painted on by unknown individuals in an attempt to discredit the group. Concern about the vandalism was expressed by the National Trust, the local landowner, and the Dolmen Grove Druids. References Footnotes Bibliography External links The Nine Stones at English Heritage The Nine Stones at The Megalithic Portal The Nine Stones |
at The Modern Antiquarian Category:Archaeological sites in Dorset Category:Buildings and structures in Dorset Category:English Heritage sites in Dorset Category:History of Dorset Category:Megalithic monuments in England Category:Neo-druidism in Britain Category:Religion in Dorset Category:Scheduled Ancient Monuments in Dorset Category:Stone circles in Dorset |
Tanmay Agarwal Tanmay Dharamchand Agarwal (born 3 May 1995) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Hyderabad. A left-handed top-order batsman, Agarwal has represented Hyderabad at various age-group levels such as Under-14, Under-16, Under-19, Under-22 and Under-25. He scored centuries on both his first-class and List A cricket debuts for Hyderabad in 2014. He currently leads the Hyderabad Cricket team . In February 2017, he was bought by the Sunrisers Hyderabad team for the 2017 Indian Premier League for 10 lakhs. In January 2018, he was bought by the Sunrisers Hyderabad in the 2018 IPL auction. References External links Category:1995 births Category:Living people Category:Indian cricketers Category:Hyderabad cricketers Category:Cricketers from Hyderabad, India |
Mortonhall Crematorium The Mortonhall Crematorium is a multi-denominational crematorium in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is an example of Basil Spence's post-war expressionist style. Opened in 1967, the crematorium is set in mature woodland and is a Category A listed building. A walled memorial garden opened there in December 2015. Design Architects Spence, Glover and Ferguson were commissioned by Edinburgh City Council in 1960 to build a new multi-denominational crematorium. The project is a smaller and more refined version of Spence's earlier project at Coventry Cathedral. The project architect was John 'Archie' Dewar. The City of Edinburgh also had architect Alexander Steele work on the project. The crematorium design was published in the Architects' Journal in May 1962. The main chapel has seating for 250 people and the smaller Pentland Chapel seats 50. The main chapel was built at an angle that could maximise the natural light. The windows are tall, glazed slits. The walls are constructed from white calcined flint aggregate concrete blocks in three sizes arranged to give a distinctive pattern. The chapel has tall, angled fins that provide dramatic shapes. The use of light and colour has been compared to the effects seen in Coventry Cathedral, also designed by Spence. From the main buildings a simple concrete cross can be seen, positioned on a small hill, a feature copied from Gunnar Asplund's Woodland Crematorium in Stockholm. Overall the crematorium design achieves 'calmly expressionist forms'. The design stands out from the other 250 or so crematoria across the UK. On 7 February 1967 a service was held to dedicate the chapels. The Crematorium was listed as a category A building in April 1996. In 2005, the crematorium appeared in the list of 100 best modern Scottish buildings published in the architectural journal Prospect. It was one of five buildings designed by Spence that appeared in a list of the top 100 architectural works from the past century, compiled by the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland (RIAS). Garden of Remembrance From the outset, unless ashes were removed to be kept by the family, all ashes were interred in the hill to the north-west of the crematorium, and the names placed in a small building viewing onto the hill, containing a book of names. This hill is known as the Garden of Remembrance, and also contains all persons unclaimed after cremation. Cemetery A large area of land west of the crematorium was laid out as a lawn cemetery (not allowing upright memorials) at the same time as the crematorium opened. Whilst originally stark, the maturing landscape now creates a pleasant environment. Although a "new cemetery" by Edinburgh standards, as it approaches 50 years old, and with 1000 burials per year, it nears saturation, and Edinburgh plans a new cemetery to the south of the city. Memorial garden Scottish burial law requires that all stillborns are buried rather than cremated. In Edinburgh Rosebank Cemetery is used for this purpose. The same law requires that parents are responsible for the burial of their child. However, a grey area appeared for children dying in hospital during the first few days. NHS Scotland (Edinburgh) introduced a protocol that these deaths would be dealt with by the NHS and Edinburgh Council, to avoid stress to the parents. No charge was made to the parents for this service. Prior to 1970 this resulted in burial of the remains, but following the construction of Mortonhall (as the first Council owned crematorium in Edinburgh) the law permitted these to be cremated. In 2012, it emerged (through a freelance journalist) that the ashes of babies who had died shortly after |
birth had not been returned to parents. Staff at the crematorium had disposed of these ashes in the Garden of Remembrance without informing parents. They later told parents that no ashes were left when young babies were cremated. An inquiry was held into the failings, which found that the families of over 250 babies were affected. Findings of the inquiry were published in April 2014. A settlement scheme was announced in January 2015, with the council offering up to £4,000 to families who had been affected. In January 2015, four draft designs for a permanent memorial were unveiled, with affected parents asked to give their views. A design was selected that featured a garden planted with trees and containing a stone water feature. A pond had been proposed in the original design but this was replaced with the stone water feature. The walled garden opened in December 2015. It has plaques installed on which the names of 149 babies and infants are recorded. The Burial and Cremation (Scotland) Act 2016 now clarifies protocols. References External links Category:Buildings and structures in Edinburgh Category:Category A listed buildings in Edinburgh Category:Crematoria in the United Kingdom Category:Basil Spence buildings Category:1967 establishments in Scotland |
Caleta Hotel The Caleta Hotel, also known as Caleta Palace Hotel, is a four star hotel in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. It is located at Catalan Bay on the east coast of the territory overlooking the Mediterranean Sea. It owes its name to La Caleta (Spanish for "Small Cove"), the traditional name given from the Spanish period to Catalan Bay and the fishing village located in its shore, as it is the area where the hotel now stands. The Caleta Hotel provides wide selection of guest rooms and suites. It also operates two rosette rated Italian restaurant named Nunos. The hotel has received Gibraltar's Leading Hotel Award on four occasions, from 2009 to 2012, at the World Travel Awards. Location The Caleta Palace Hotel is in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula. It is at Catalan Bay, a small bay and fishing village, on the eastern side of The Rock. Catalan Bay is located separate from Gibraltar's main town and overlooks the Mediterranean Sea. History The hotel was built in the early 1960s and received funds from the Government of Gibraltar in 1972 under its Hotel Development Aid Programme to increase the total beds capacity of hotel by over 100. Notable Guests In April 2012, Caprice Bourret and Emmanuel Ray stayed at the hotel during Fashion Week Gibraltar. Bourret presented the Spring Summer 2012 bikini collection from her By Caprice swimwear range, while Ray officially inaugurated and presented at the country's first ever Fashion Week. Amenities The hotel operates one Italian restaurant and has a wide selection of guest rooms and suites. Nunos Italian Restaurant has received two rosettes by The Automobile Association. Two rosettes are awarded to those "excellent restaurants that aim for and achieve higher standards and better consistency". The Caleta Hotel earned the Gibraltar's Leading Hotel Award consecutively from 2009 to 2012. The award is presented at the World Travel Awards, an annual award ceremony which acknowledges and rewards across all sectors of the tourism industry. The award was previously won by The Rock Hotel from 2004 to 2008. The hotel also has a spa, outdoor grill, business centre and café. It also provides free Wi-Fi service to its customers throughout the premises of the hotel. Gallery References External links Category:Hotels in Gibraltar |
Visvesvaraya Institute of Advanced Technology Visvesvaraya Institute of Advanced Technology, also known as VIAT, is a research institute being constructed near Muddenahalli, Karnataka, India. The research institute was proposed on Engineer's Day 2008 in Muddenahalli, the birthplace of legendary engineer, Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvarayya. The foundation stone was commemorated by MP Veerappa Moily in February 2010. The institute is located on of land nestled in the Nandi Hills and is expected to cost 600 crores. In the initial years, VIAT will focus on research in embedded technology, software quality, agricultural engineering and bioengineering. Each department will function as a “discovery-innovation centre.” The institute will offer graduate and PhD level courses in the sciences and will be starting a 50 crore joint automotive research and design centre with Bosch at Muddenahalli. The research institute is a branch of Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU) one of the largest technological universities in India, having 186 colleges affiliated to it with undergraduate (UG) courses in 28 disciplines and postgraduate (PG) programs in 71 disciplines. The intake at UG level is nearly 67,100 students; at the PG level it is about 12,666 students. The University has memorandums of understanding (MOUs) with various leading organizations like IBM, Bosch, INTEL Asia Electronics Inc., Ingersoll-Rand (India) Ltd., and Microsoft. VIAT will offer diversified and advanced engineering courses, and will develop MOUs with select foreign universities to offer some of their courses. This institution will cover all three major aspects of modern higher education such as formal education leading to the award of UG and PG Degrees, sponsored R&D and industrial consultancy, continuing education, education technologies and societal interactions. References External links The VTU official website Category:Affiliates of Visvesvaraya Technological University Category:Engineering colleges in Karnataka Category:Educational institutions established in 2009 Category:Universities and colleges in Chikkaballapur district |
Thomas Harlan Thomas Christoph Harlan (19 February 1929 – 16 October 2010) was a German author and director of French-language films. Life and work Harlan was the son of the director Veit Harlan and the actress Hilde Körber. He was raised in Berlin. Through his father's prominence in the Nazi regime, he met Joseph Goebbels. At eight years old, he was brought along to visit Adolf Hitler. In 1942 the family was evacuated to Zakopane, then to a country estate in Sławno. He returned to Berlin in 1945. In 1947 he began studying philosophy at the University of Tübingen, where he met Michel Tournier. In 1948 he moved to Paris after receiving a three-month stipend to study at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he continued his studies in philosophy and mathematics. He also began working for the French radio. He lived with Gilles Deleuze and Michel Tournier, and later Pierre Boulez. He met Armand Gatti and Marc Sabathier-Levêque. In 1952 he traveled to Israel with Klaus Kinski. The following year he premiered his first play, Bluma, and visited the Soviet Union. In 1955 he wrote his first poems in German. Harlan co-wrote the screenplay (Betrayal to Germany) with his father, who directed it. The collaboration with his father broke down and his contribution to the screenplay was distorted. In 1958, Harlan founded the Junge Ensemble (Young Company) in Berlin. The premiere of his play Ich selbst und kein Engel -- Chronik aus dem Warschauer Ghetto (I myself and no angel -- A Chronicle from the Warsaw Ghetto) led to a scandal, which the author Hans Habe treats in his novel Christoph und sein Vater (Christopher and his Father). In 1959 Harlan was the target of a series of libel lawsuits. This included, among others, Ernst Achenbach, a member of the parliament for the Free Democratic Party at the time, and Franz Alfred Six, the co-founder of the BND. Harlan began researching the extermination camps Kulmhof, Sobibór, Bełżec, and Treblinka. He moved to Poland in 1960 and researched the Polish archives until 1964. He brought to light thousands of German war crimes, which contributed to over 2000 criminal proceedings in Germany against war criminals. His work was supported by the Italian publisher Giangiacomo Feltrinelli. He developed a friendship with Fritz Bauer. Harlan also worked on German-language programming for Warsaw radio at this time. In 1963, due to the publication of his research in the national archives, he was placed under house arrest in Poland for one year for breaching state secrets. The following year in Germany, Hans Globke brought a formal complaint against him with the police for treason. The reason was "using the interrogation records of the German justice system in Polish publications." Harlan was not convicted, but was denied a German passport for ten years and was not permitted to enter the Federal Republic of Germany. Harlan abruptly ended his research in the Polish archives in 1964. A planned book with Feltrinelli about German war criminals never materialized. He became "a rare species of man: an international German revolutionary" (eine seltene Spezies Mensch: ein internationaler deutscher Revolutionär). After his father died, he moved to Italy. He joined the far-left organization Lotta Continua and began literary work, which along with his travels and films, marked the following years. In 1974 Harlan traveled to Chile, Bolivia, and the United States. He became involved in the Chilean resistance movement against Augusto Pinochet. The following year in Portugal, he became a member of the revolutionary committee during the Carnation Revolution while filming Torre Bela. Between 1978 and 1984, he worked on the film |
Wundkanal. The American director Robert Kramer documented the process in his own film Notre Nazi. Wundkanal and Notre Nazi premiered at the Venice International Film Festival in 1984 and the Berlin International Film Festival in 1985, leading to renewed scandals. In 1987 he traveled to the Russian Far East to prepare for his next film project, Katharina XXII, which was never realized. He began translating the book Hiob by Guido Ceronetti into German, studied Creole in Haiti, and worked on the film Souverance, which premiered in 1990 at the International Film Festival Rotterdam. He made more trips to Russia and wrote the screenplay for Kinematograf, which also was never made. He published his first novel Rosa in 2000. From 2001 on, Harlan lived in a sanatorium near Berchtesgaden. He married the documentary filmmaker Katrin Seybold. Between 2003 and 2006 he collaborated with Christoph Hübner on the film Wandersplitter. In 2006 he published his second novel, Heldenfriedhof, and in the following year, Die Stadt Ys. Harlan died in Berchtesgaden in 2010. His final publication was Veit, a memoir in the form of a letter written to his father, in which he investigates the nature of his father's complicity in the Nazi regime. It was issued posthumously. References Category:German film directors Category:1929 births Category:2010 deaths |
Lollandsbanen A/S Lollandsbanen was a Danish railway company operating the Nykøbing F–Nakskov line mostly on the island of Lolland. Established in 1954, it was based on the remains of Det Lolland-Falsterske Jernbane-Selskab (LFJS). The company received funding from the now defunct Storstrøm County and from the central government. The company was merged with Vestsjællands Lokalbaner A/S and Østbanen into a new company, Regionstog A/S, on 1 January 2009. See also Regionstog Rail transport in Denmark References External links Official website Photos LJ at The Railfaneurope.net Picture Gallery Category:Railway companies established in 1954 Category:Railway companies disestablished in 2009 Category:Defunct railway companies of Denmark |
Beet western yellows virus Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Luteoviridae. External links ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Beet western yellows virus Family Groups - The Baltimore Method Category:Viral plant pathogens and diseases Category:Luteoviridae |
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