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Lincoln Township, Grundy County, Iowa West Holman Township is a township in Grundy County, Iowa, USA. References Category:Grundy County, Iowa Category:Townships in Iowa |
Simon Hinton Simon Hinton (born 21 March 1968) is a New Zealand former cricketer. He played one first-class match for Otago in 1994/95. See also List of Otago representative cricketers References External links Category:1968 births Category:Living people Category:New Zealand cricketers Category:Otago cricketers Category:People from Clyde, New Zealand |
Walter Whiteley Walter John Whiteley is a professor in the department of mathematics and statistics at York University in Canada. He specializes in geometry and mathematics education, and is known for his expertise in structural rigidity and rigidity matroids. Education and career Whiteley graduated from Queen's University in 1966. He earned his Ph.D. in 1971 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, with a dissertation titled Logic and Invariant Theory supervised by Gian-Carlo Rota. He worked as an instructor at Champlain College Saint-Lambert, with a joint appointment in mathematics and humanities, from 1972 until he joined the York University faculty in 1992. Awards and honours In 2009, Whiteley won the Adrien Pouliot Award of the Canadian Mathematical Society for his contributions to mathematics education. In August 2014, the Fields Institute at the University of Toronto hosted a workshop on rigidity theory and spatial reasoning, "inspired by the distinguished career of Professor Walter Whiteley". Selected publications . . . . . . References External links Home page Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Canadian mathematicians Category:Geometers Category:Queen's University alumni Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni Category:York University faculty |
WIMG (CPU) WIMG is an acronym that describes that memory/cache attributes for PowerPC/Power ISA. Each letter of WIMG represents a one bit access attribute, specifically: Write-Through Access (W), Cache-Inhibited Access (I), Memory Coherence (M), and Guarded (G). Write-Through Access (W) When set to 1, indicates a Write-Through Access. When set to 0 indicates access to address that is non-Write Through. Cache-Inhibited Access (I) When set to 1, indicates a Cache-Inhibited Access. When set to 0 indicates access to address that is cacheable. External caches such as look-aside and directory protocols use this bit to determine their actions. The value of the I bit must be same for all accesses by processors to a given address carried by the Ax() field.1 However, an I/O or peripheral may access with I bit set to 1 an address that is being accessed by processors with I bit set to 0. Such aliasing of the I bit is not considered an error. The combination W=I=1 is not supported. Memory Coherence (M) When set to 1, requires that Memory Coherence must be enforced regardless of the values of the other qualifiers. Specifically, the cache hierarchies must snoop the transaction even if the I bit is set. If the M bit is not set during the presentation of the transaction to a snooper, the snooper must ignore the transaction. However, the originator of a transaction may not ignore it even if M = 0. Guarded Writes (G) All Cache-Inhibited and Guarded Writes (G = 1) issued by a given processor must be performed in the system in the order of their issuance by that processor regardless of the coherency qualifier, and regardless of the addresses carried by the transactions. References PowerPC Architecture History Diagram See also Common Hardware Reference Platform (CHRP) List of PowerPC processors Power Architecture Platform Reference (PAPR) PowerOpen Environment PowerPC Reference Platform (PReP) RTEMS real-time operating system Vasm, a free assembler External links PPC Overview - an overview of PowerPC processors OS/2 Warp, PowerPC Edition review by Michal Necasek 2005 PowerPC Architecture History Diagram Category:Computer-related introductions in 1991 |
Clepsis taima Clepsis taima is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. References Category:Moths described in 2003 Category:Clepsis |
Pfitscherjoch The Pfitscherjoch (; ) is a mountain pass in the Zillertal Alps on the border between Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy. See also List of highest paved roads in Europe List of mountain passes References Austrian Alpenverein Alpenverein South Tyrol External links Category:Mountain passes of the Alps Category:Mountain passes of Tyrol (state) Category:Mountain passes of South Tyrol Category:Austria–Italy border crossings |
Marvin Ajani Marvin Ajani (born 4 October 1993) is a German-Nigerian footballer who plays as a right midfielder for SV Wehen Wiesbaden. Career statistics References External links Profile at FuPa.net Category:German footballers Category:German people of Nigerian descent Category:Association football defenders Category:SV Wehen Wiesbaden players Category:Hallescher FC players Category:Alemannia Aachen players Category:Fortuna Düsseldorf II players Category:Fortuna Düsseldorf players Category:FC Wegberg-Beeck players Category:3. Liga players Category:1993 births Category:Living people |
Invision Studios Invision Studios is a film production company based in Harare, Zimbabwe. The company was founded by filmmakers Charles Mugaviri Jr., Blessing Chinanga and Denise Edwards in May 2013. History In January 2014, Edwards, Chinanga and Mugaviri created a platform called “In Short” where they invited amateur and aspiring filmmakers and screenwriters to send in their scripts, and direct their first short films with directing and producing assistance from the Invision founders. Invision Studios would produce 4-6 short films a month and would screen them at Book Cafe on the last Wednesday of every month. The Studio initiated to help launch people's film careers by aiding them with a crew, equipment and post-production guidance for free. Invision Studios got assistance from the European Union and Pamberi Trust to cover production costs. The partnerships with the two entities helped the filmmakers’ group to travel to Chinhoyi, Masvingo, Gweru and Bulawayo producing short films they would have collaborated on with new filmmakers. In total, they produced over 38 short films in the 8 months In Short was running. Productions Invision Studios has produced several TV show productions that have been distributed and broadcast on M-Net's Zambezi Magic and ZBC (Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation). Far From Yesterday (2015) In February 2015, Edwards, Chinanga and Mugaviri started developing a story for a screenplay titled Far From Yesterday. The screenplay, originally written and conceptualized by Denise Edwards in 2013, got into production half a month later. The film, which was produced over 3 months, starred Jonathan Denga, John Cole, Denise Edwards, Gani Phiri, Stacy Danana and Hannah Madzikanda. Ammara Brown was cast to feature in the film as well, making it her debut role in the film industry. Far From Yesterday earned Hannah Madzikanda her first award for Actress of the Year at the Zimbabwe International Women's Awards at the age of seven. It made her the youngest award-winning child actress in Zimbabwe, beating several acclaimed Zimbabwean actresses to land the award. The feature film is airing on M-Net's Mzansi Wethu channel. Wine & Dine with Tumi (2015) In July 2015 Blessing, Charles and Denise began developing their first TV show concept. A cook show and artist-interview idea where at play, and what resulted was Wine & Dine with Tumi. The show was hosted by Tumi Moleko and featured high-profile Zimbabwean personalities who would cook a meal with the host and share some wine whilst conversing. At the time the production was wrapped, Multi-Choice had just launched its new channel, Zambezi Magic, dedicated to the Southern African region and bought the broadcasting license for Wine & Dine with Tumi, making it one of the first of two TV shows from Zimbabwe on the new channel, the other being Tonight with Zororo. Wedding Diaries (2016) In February 2016 Invision Studios began production for a TV show titled Wedding Diaries. The concept was developed by Denise Edwards and the show was produced by Blessing Chinanga. The show themes around married couples and how they organized their weddings. The show features wedding planner Kevin Zhou and Evan Mawarire giving marriage counselling advice. The TV show was licensed by Multi-Choice to air on its Zambezi Magic channel. References Category: Zimbabwean Films Category:Film production companies of Zimbabwe |
Gioiello (galaxy cluster) The Gioiello Galaxy Cluster was discovered using high redshift with NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory from a research group led by Paolo Tozzi and Joana Santos. Gioiello is the most distant massive galaxy cluster that has been found and studied today. This massive galaxy cluster weighs 400 trillion times the mass of the sun and is located 9.6 billion light years away from Earth. Gioiello, meaning Jewel in Italian, was given to this massive galaxy cluster because an image of the cluster contains many beautiful pink, purple, and red sparkling colors from the hot X-ray emitting gas and other star-forming galaxies within the cluster. History Gioiello (lit. Jewel in Italian; officially XDCP J0044.0-2033) was first detected by astronomers in 2014. These astronomers did so through the use of the ESA's XMM-Newton observatory, and the ensuing survey of Gioiello took a period of time tantamount to nearly five days. The original research for this work was discussed at the Italian village sharing its namesake, Villi il Gioiello. At this research meeting the unique properties of Gioiello were discussed at length. Some of these facts unique to Gioiello include that it emits purple light and is incredibly massive, containing 400 trillion times more mass than the Sun. Since the time of its discovery there has not been a wealth of new information released about Gioiello. The results of research surrounding Gioiello and other massive galaxy clusters are still being published in The Astrophysical Journal, with its main author being Paolo Tozzi of the National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) in Florence, Italy. His Co-author is Johana Santos, who is also from the National Institute for Astrophysics. Characteristics Gioiello was spotted 6 times between 8 September and 24 November in 2013. From these sightings the astronomers and Chandra have determined its color code is X-ray (Purple); Optical (Red, Green, Blue); and Infrared (Red). These array of colors were scattered about in the captured photographs leading to the name creation: Gioello, or Jewel in Italian. This specific galaxy cluster holds the coordinates RA 00h 44m 05.20s | Dec −20° 33’ 59.70" which is located in the Cetus constellation. Gioiello is unique to other clusters in that it still has many stars forming within its galaxies. This gives astronomers a new perspective to the state of younger galaxy clusters and the way that they behave. Although several clusters have been confirmed at this size it is the only cluster with redshifts capable of diffusing X-ray emission which creates different limitations on the temperature and on the mass of the galaxy. Further research needs to be done to better understand these galaxies but as of now the outlook for further studies is low following the basis of currently planned missions. Surrounding Galaxies Galaxy clusters are the largest structures in the Universe held together by gravity. It is essential to observe these galaxy clusters with high redshift in order to understand how they have evolved over time. NASA observed this cluster over a period of four days. The time allotted to this study gave researchers the opportunity to identify the accurate weight of the cluster. These researchers determined that the Gioiello Cluster contains over 400 trillion times the mass of the sun. Previous to the discovery of the Gioiello Cluster, researchers found another very large galaxy cluster named "El Gordo." This galaxy cluster was located 7 billion light years away, along with a few other distant clusters. In a distance estimate scale provided by NASA, it shows how difficult it is to find clusters as massive and as distant as Gioiello and El Gordo. This distance |
estimate scale shows the solar system as being closest to the sun, followed by the milky way, then nearby galaxies, distant galaxies, and finally the early universe. Looking at the scale the location of the Gioiello Cluster from the sun, shows a stretch all the way to the early universe category. Proving that is the most distant galaxy cluster that has ever been discovered thus far. Although, in the past astronomers and X-Ray observers have discovered several smaller galaxy clusters that are quite close to the distance of Gioiello. These clusters have been identified as being more than 9.5 billion light-years away. However, some of these distant objects appeared to be proto-clusters, which are better defined as precursors to fully developed galaxy clusters. These astronomers and researchers provide that there are also hints of uneven structure in the hot gas, which would appear as large clumps. These uneven structures could have been caused by collisions with smaller galaxy clusters, and provide clues to how the cluster became so massive very early on. These researchers expect that Gioiello is still young enough to be undergoing many interactions and changes in its composition. References Category:Galaxy clusters |
Gorosaurus is a kaiju film monster which first appeared in Toho's 1967 film King Kong Escapes. It was an opponent of King Kong in the film, and it later had a prominent role in 1968's Destroy All Monsters. Gorosaurus is a typical giant dinosaur, having no special powers like beams or energy weapons, relying on its strength and athleticism to fight. Gorosaurus' most identifiable fighting move is a leaping kick similar to that of a kangaroo. Gorosaurus is an allosaurid, an abrupt descendant of Allosaurus itself. Overview In King Kong Escapes, Gorosaurus is an inhabitant of Mondo Island, the film's primary setting. It attacks and attempts to devour the leading female character, Susan Watson. King Kong arrives to save her and fights Gorosaurus. King Kong eventually breaks Gorosaurus' jaws. In the film All Monsters Attack, Gorosaurus makes a brief appearance in a young boy's dreams. In the film Godzilla vs. Gigan, Gorosaurus is briefly seen living on Monster Island. In Destroy All Monsters, Gorosaurus appears on the Ogasawara Islands, in Monsterland. It is an artificially created environment for the monsters of Earth. It lives with other monsters including Godzilla, Mothra, Rodan, Anguirus, Kumonga, Manda, Minilla, Baragon and Varan. A race of aliens called the Kilaaks invades Earth, capturing and establishing mind-control over the monsters. They then release them in cities throughout the world, with Gorosaurus being released in Paris, France (in both the Japanese original and the English dubbed version, Gorosaurus is misidentified as Baragon in the Paris attack). However, the humans retaliate and find a way to break the mind control. The Kilaaks then unleash the space dragon King Ghidorah to kill the Earth monsters. Gorosaurus plays a pivotal role in the battle, as it twice brings down Ghidorah (the only monster who is able to do so), the first by pulling on its necks until it falls, heralding the turn of the tide of battle to the Earth monsters' side, and the second when it used its kangaroo kick to knock him over again, as Godzilla, Minilla and Anguirus attack all three of its heads, leaving Ghidorah vulnerable. After killing Ghidorah, Gorosaurus and the other Earth monsters return to Monsterland to live in peace. Appearances Films King Kong Escapes (1967) Destroy All Monsters (1968) All Monsters Attack (1969, stock footage cameo) Godzilla vs. Gigan (1972, stock footage cameo) Television Ike! Godman (1972) Godzilla Island (1997-1998) Video games Kaijū-ō Godzilla / King of the Monsters, Godzilla (Game Boy - 1993) Godzilla Trading Battle (PlayStation - 1998) Godzilla Defense Force (2019) Literature Godzilla: Rulers of Earth (comic - 2013-2015) References Category:Fantasy film characters Category:Film characters introduced in 1967 Category:Fictional dinosaurs Category:Fictional giants Category:Fictional monsters Category:Godzilla characters Category:Horror film villains Category:Kaiju Category:King Kong characters Category:Science fiction film characters Category:Toho Monsters |
Owczary, Kraków County Owczary is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zielonki, within Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately north of the regional capital Kraków. The village has a population of 900. References Category:Villages in Kraków County |
Marcelo Peralta Marcelo Peralta (born March 5, 1961) is an Argentine performer, teacher, composer and arranger that plays all the saxophones, piano, accordion, and the Latin American aerophones. Biography Education Peralta was born in Buenos Aires. He studied piano and music theory at the Antiguo Conservatorio Beethoven, where he obtained a teaching certificate in 1979. At the age of 18, he began to play the baritone sax, showing a particular interest in the music of Serge Chaloff; inspired by John Coltrane, Albert Ayler and Ornette Coleman, he went on to learn tenor sax, then alto and finally soprano. While studying harmony and composition under tango composer Sebastian Piana, he taught himself to play trumpet, trombone, tuba, violin, clarinet and other Latin American folk instruments. Since that time he has taught at several schools. In 1980 he taught music in both elementary and high schools, as welI as at special education institutions. At the same time, he was hired as a saxophone and improvisation instructor at the Conservatorio Municipal Manuel de Falla (Buenos Aires). Career At 18, he began his career as a freelance musician and went on to play and record with a wide range of artists and in many styles: The Bucky Arcella Trio, Manolo Yanes, Litto Nebbia, Fabiana Cantilo, Cuatro Vientos (sax quartet), LRA National Radio Orchestra (as a soloist), to name a few. In 1985 he met the guitar player Jorge Mancini, with whom he began to experiment in free improvisation and contemporary music; they were joined by the sax player Mariana Potenza and the percussionist Victor Da Cunha, together creating the Grupo de Improvisación Tercer Mundo (Third World improvisation Group). It was with this group that he recorded his first record as a soloist - Un Hilo de Luz (1987). Although he had been playing the quena, the accordion and other ethnic and percussion instruments alongside the standard ones for several years, his interest in folk music was further developed in 1988 when he performed and recorded with the pianist and composer Eduardo Lagos (a great innovator in Argentine folklore). He developed a truly personal view of improvised music when he formed his own quintet, with which he explored the deepest roots of Latin American music. Together with musicians such as Cesar Franov, Enrique Norris, Carlos Triolo, Diego Pojomovsky, and Guillermo Bazzola, among others, he made his second recording,"Escaleras de la Comprensión� (Melopea Records- 1990/91). Over the next five years he headed the big band Los Saxópatas (1990/95) with which he recorded and performed throughout Argentina. In Buenos Aires he recorded Milonga (Melopea Records- 1997) and made the debut of bis solo set show in which he improvises freely on American folk tunes, interpreting bagualas, vidalas, bailecitos, chacareras and others in his own unique style. He currently lives in Spain, where he teaches saxophone and improvisation at several music schools and performs both in: Festival de Jazz de Madrid 2007-2006- 2005, Tanjazz 2007 (Tánger) Festival Internacional de Vigo “Imagina-Sons 2007”, Mostoles a todo Jazz 2006-2005, Munijazz (La Rioja), Festival de Jazz de Boadilla del Monte (2005), Festival Internaconal de Jazz de Ciudad Lineal 2005- Galapajazz 2005 – Expo 02 (Suiza), Festival de Jazz Soto del Real 2003, Festival de Jazz de Tarragona 2003, Festival de Jazz de Paris 2001(Francia), Festival de Jazz Quilmes 1995 (Argentina), Alrededor del Jazz Festival 1989 (Argentina) MardelJazz 1988 (Argentina) Rock&piano- Obras Sanitarias-1987(Argentina). Discography Serie Melopea Jazz Argentino Vol. 1 Litto Nebbia Cuarteto - MELOPEA / INTERDISC (DSL 66094-1) Serie Melopea Jazz Argentino Vol. 2 Grupo de Improvisación Tercer Mundo - MELOPEA (CM 008) Tangueando Gustavo Fedel - MELOPEA / INTERDISC (DSL |
66071) Buscando en el Bolsillo del Alma Litto Nebbia - MELOPEA / INTERDISC (SLI 67549-2) Un Hilo de Luz Marcelo Peralta y Grupo Tercer Mundo - MELOPEA (DM 014) Serie Melopea Los Saxofonistas Marcelo Peralta - MELOPEA (CM 017) Escaleras de la Comprensión Marcelo Peralta - MELOPEA (CM 064) Homenaje a Tom Jobim Marcelo Peralta - Litto Nebbia MELOPEA Milonga Marcelo Peralta - MELOPEA (CDM 014) - NUEVOS MEDIOS IMPORT Lo que nos gusta es esto Santiago de la Muela – SATCHMO Fall Peter Dieterle - David Lenker - Marcelo Peralta DixFunxional Brass Band Tony Heimer – Bob Sands – Chris Kase – Ove Larson – Greg Moore – Steve Jordan – Marcelo Peralta – MOCO DE PAVO PRODUCCIONS Música – Yumiko Murakami (Jerry González – Diego Urcola – Gustavo Gregorio – Christian Howes, etc.) PAI – 3068 Dr. Macaroni – Cum Laude TCB- The Montreaux Jazz Label Jazz Sinfónico – Orquesta Sinfonica de RTVE (Solistas: Chris Kase, Bobby Martínez, Roberto Cimadevilla, Marcelo Peralta etc) External links https://web.archive.org/web/20080210033532/http://www.sonicgarden.com/artists/marcelo_peralta/ Category:1961 births Category:Argentine composers Category:Living people Category:Argentine jazz pianists Category:Argentine jazz tenor saxophonists Category:Male saxophonists Category:21st-century saxophonists Category:Male pianists Category:21st-century pianists Category:21st-century male musicians Category:Male jazz musicians |
National Insurance Institute The National Insurance Institute (Instituto Nacional de Seguros or INS) is an autonomous institution in responsibility of the Costa Rican insurance monopoly in that country. The agency offers to all people in Costa Rica a wide range of insurance products and services in addition to projecting a strong social benefit programs to people in many different fields. With more than 80 years of existence, the National Insurance Institute has an obligation to meet the insurance needs of its customers. In addition to selling insurance, it has managed the Fire Department, health services and has joined a network of medical facilities throughout the country. History It was created by Act No.12 of October 30, 1924 with the aim of meeting the protection needs of Costa Rican society. Some of the most renowned statesmen of the period were responsible for its creation including Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President of the Republic on three occasions and Tomás Soley Güell, Secretary of Finance and Commerce, in his third administration. It began operations as Bank Insurance and in 1948 changed the name to National Insurance Institute. Controversies During the period 1999 and 2002 the insurance broker, PWS International Ltd made 41 corrupt payments totalling $1,982,231 to officials employed by INS and the national electricity and telecommunications provider Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE). As a result, in 2010 a PWS executive was imprisoned in the UK for his part in authorising the corrupt payments. In December 2011, Aon Corporation, a US insurance brokerage firm headquartered in Chicago, admitted violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) in relation to funds that Aon Corporation had provided to INS officials between 1997 and 2005 for expenses which were not related to a legitimate business purpose, such as travel with spouses to overseas tourist destinations. Category:Institutions of Costa Rica |
Digital (Did You Tell) "Digital (Did You Tell)" is the second single from Stone Sour's third album Audio Secrecy. The two-track promo single for the song, released strictly to radio in 2011. Background Regarding the lyrical inspiration for "Digital (Did You Tell)", Corey Taylor said: Music video The video was directed by Paul R. Brown, who previously worked with Stone Sour on the "30/30-150", "Say You'll Haunt Me" and "Hesistate" videos. Track listing Chart positions References Category:Stone Sour songs Category:2010 songs Category:Roadrunner Records singles Category:Songs written by Corey Taylor Category:Songs written by Roy Mayorga Category:Songs written by Shawn Economaki Category:Songs written by Josh Rand Category:Songs written by Jim Root Category:Song recordings produced by Nick Raskulinecz |
Cedar Island National Wildlife Refuge Cedar Island National Wildlife Refuge, located in Carteret County, North Carolina, is on the end of a peninsula marking the southern end of Pamlico Sound. The refuge lies five miles (8 km) east of the Atlantic Ocean and about northeast of Beaufort, North Carolina. Established in 1964, the refuge consists of approximately of irregularly flooded, brackish marsh and of pocosin and woodland habitat. The dominant marsh plants include black needlerush, saltmarsh cordgrass, saltmeadow hay, and saltgrass. The woodland areas are dominated by loblolly, longleaf and pond pine. Live oak is also abundant on some upland sites. The marsh and surrounding waters provide wintering habitat for thousands of ducks and nesting habitat for colonial waterbirds. Mammalian species that inhabit this refuge are gray squirrel, marsh rabbit, white-tailed deer, red fox, raccoon, bobcat, gray fox, nutria, beaver, muskrat, river otter, mink and opossum. References Refuge website Category:National Wildlife Refuges in North Carolina Category:Protected areas established in 1964 Category:Protected areas of Carteret County, North Carolina Category:Wetlands of North Carolina Category:Landforms of Carteret County, North Carolina Category:1964 establishments in North Carolina |
Ramanujan Mathematical Society Ramanujan Mathematical Society is an Indian organisation of persons formed with the aim of "promoting mathematics at all levels". The Society was founded in 1985 and registered in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India. Professor G. Shankaranarayanan was the first President, Professor R. Balakrishnan the first Secretary and Professor E. Sampathkumar the first Academic Secretary. The initial impetus for the formation of the Society was the deeply felt need of a new mathematical journal and the necessity of an organisation to launch and nourish the journal. Publications The publications of Ramanujan Mathematical Society include the following: Mathematics Newsletter: A journal catering to the needs of students, research scholars, and teachers. The Newsletter was launched in the year 1991 with Professor R Balakrishnan as Chief Editor. Currently, Professor S Ponnusamy of IIT Madras is the Chief Editor. Journal of the Ramanujan Mathematical Society : The Journal was started in 1986 with Professor K S Padmanabhan as Editor-in-Chief. Initially, it was a biannual Journal. Now it has four issues per year. The present Editor-in-Chief is Professor R Parimala of Emory University, Atlanta, United States and the Managing Editor is Professor E Sampathkumar of University of Mysore. Little Mathematical Treasures: This is envisaged as a series of books addressed to mathematically mature readers and to bright students. So far only one book has been published under this series: "Adventures in Iteration" by Dr Shilesh A Shirali. RMS Lecture Notes Series in Mathematics: This is a series consisting of monographs and proceedings of conferences. Endowment Lectures The Society organises the following endowment lectures every year. Professor W H Abdi Memorial Lecture: The lectures were started in the year 2000 and are sponsored by Department of Mathematics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, of which Professor Wazir Hasan Abdi (1922–1999) was the Head during the period 1977 - 1982. Professor C S Venkataraman Memorial Lectures: The lectures, started in 1996, are sponsored by Dr C S Venkataraman Memorial Trust, Thrissur, Kerala State. Professor M N Gopalan Endowment Lectures: The lectures, started in 2000, are sponsored by Professor M N Gopalan, Mysore. Prof J N Kapur Endowment Lectures: The lectures, started in 2002, are sponsored by Professor J N Kapur, New Delhi. New members are taken in based on their achievements and capabilities. Executive Committee References Category:Srinivasa Ramanujan Category:Mathematical societies Category:Indian mathematics Category:Organisations based in Tiruchirappalli Category:Science and technology in Tamil Nadu |
Manoba greenwoodi Manoba greenwoodi is a moth in the family Nolidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 2003. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of hill dipterocarp forests. The length of the forewings is about 7 mm. References Category:Moths described in 2003 Category:Nolinae |
Tharangambadi railway station Tharangambadi railway station is a railway station is Tamil Nadu in Nagapattinam district. References Category:Railway stations in Nagapattinam district |
Effects of Hurricane Isabel in New Jersey The effects of Hurricane Isabel in New Jersey in 2003 were overall moderate, limited to fallen trees, two deaths, and $50 million in damage (2003 USD, $59 million 2008 USD). Hurricane Isabel formed from a tropical wave on September 6 in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. It moved northwestward, and within an environment of light wind shear and warm waters it steadily strengthened to reach peak winds of 165 mph (265 km/h) on September 11. After fluctuating in intensity for four days, Isabel gradually weakened and made landfall on the Outer Banks of North Carolina with winds of 105 mph (165 km/h) on September 18. It quickly weakened over land and became extratropical over western Pennsylvania the next day. Several days before Isabel made landfall, there existed uncertainty in where the hurricane would strike. At least one computer model predicted a landfall on New Jersey, and as a result services across the state thoroughly prepared for the hurricane. Isabel passed 215 miles (350 km) southwest of the state, though its large wind core produced tropical storm force winds across much of the state. The winds downed hundreds of trees and power lines, leaving hundreds of thousands without power. A falling tree killed one person. Hurricane Isabel produced rough waves and a moderate storm surge along the coastline. One person was killed from the rough waves, and at least 50 locations along the Jersey Shore reported beach erosion from the hurricane. Preparations 44 hours before Hurricane Isabel made landfall on the Outer Banks of North Carolina, the National Hurricane Center issued tropical storm watch for the coastline from Little Egg Inlet southward into the Mid-Atlantic. A day later, the watch was extended northward to Sandy Hook. When Isabel was 26 hours from making landfall, the watches were changed to tropical storm warnings, and 10 hours before it struck land the National Hurricane Center issued a tropical storm warning for the remainder of the New Jersey coastline. The National Hurricane Center also briefly issued a hurricane watch for the New Jersey coastline. While over the western Atlantic Ocean as a Category 5 hurricane, forecasters predicted Isabel would move northwestward and within five days be at a position 170 miles (275 km) south of Cape May as a 115-mph (185-km/h) major hurricane. By four days before the hurricane struck land, at least one computer model predicted Isabel would strike New Jersey. News stations were stationed with crews along the Jersey shore several days in advance of Isabel to provide breaking news and live conditions. Many residents prepared their houses by boarding windows and purchasing emergency supplies. The Sussex County chapter of the American Red Cross advised local high schools to be on stand-by as potential shelters in the event evacuation occurred. Emergency coordinators in several counties were on alert, though none issued evacuations. In preparation for anticipated power outages, the Jersey Central Power and Light company arranged to receive more electrical crews from its parent company, FirstEnergy. Other utility workers from various locations as far as Canada left for the state in the event of power outages. Several flights in and out of the state were delayed or canceled, and the Cape May-Lewes Ferry canceled travel across the Delaware Bay during the duration of Isabel. In Atlantic City, casino workers prepared for coastal flooding by placing sandbags at boardwalk entrances. New Jersey Transit workers secured its buses, railways, and light rail equipment. To ensure service would remain accessible during and after the hurricane, NJ Transit prepared backup generators, pumps, and chainsaws, with workers inspecting trains and the |
paths of the lines. FEMA mobilized and dispatched an Urban Search and Rescue Task Force of 28 people to the state for possible rescue duty. Days before the storm made landfall, the Salvation Army prepared food and aid for potentially affected citizens. In anticipation for the effects of Isabel, Governor Jim McGreevey declared a state of emergency, which allowed the Federal Emergency Management Agency to deal with the situation. Impact Isabel produced a storm surge along the New Jersey coastline of up to 6.5 feet (2 m) in Cape May. Higher amounts occurred along the Delaware River, peaking in the state at 10.6 feet (3.2 m) in Burlington. At its closest approach, Isabel passed within about 215 miles (350 km) of the state, and as a result the outer rainbands produced light rainfall. Wildwood along the southeast coast reported 1.3 inches (33 mm) of rain, while Lincoln Park in the northern portion of the state recorded 2.07 inches (52 mm) of precipitation. The large wind field of the hurricane produced moderate winds across the state. A shoal in the Delaware Bay experienced sustained winds of 54 mph (87 km/h) with gusts to 71 mph (114 km/h). Cape May reported tropical storm force winds with gusts to 61 mph (98 km/h), while Newark in the northern portion of the state experienced gusts to 44 mph (71 km/h). Hurricane Isabel produced slightly above normal tides and rough surf along the Jersey shore, killing one surfer off of Wildwood Crest. The combination of gusty winds and the heavy surf produced moderate beach erosion along much of the coastline, primarily to beaches facing southeastward. In the Delaware Bay and River area, no significant erosion was reported, though coastal flooding from the hurricane washed out a road and destroyed the deck of a house in Baypoint. In Cape May County waves eroded the beaches by up to 4 feet (1.2 m) in Ocean City and Avalon, with several cities experiencing a loss of dunes and geotubes in Whale Beach being exposed. Waves from Isabel in Atlantic County resulted in light damage, minor coastal flooding, and slight beach erosion. The beaches of southern Ocean County experienced a loss of 3 to 4 feet (0.9 to 1.2 m) of sand, while locations further to the north experienced only minor erosion. Most coastal areas of Monmouth County reported eroded beaches by up to 4 feet (1.2 m), with Union Beach losing about 5,000 sq. feet (465 sq. m) of sand. Moderate wind gusts throughout the state downed hundreds of trees, tree limbs, and power lines. Over 382,000 people were without power, one of the worst power outages on record for area utilities. Downed trees and power lines closed major streets and schools in Union County. One downed tree greatly damaged a house in Middletown, and in Hudson County several trees fell onto and damaged cars. A downed tree in Englewood injured a woman when she was struck, and a woman in Independence Township was killed when a fallen tree landed on the vehicle she was driving. Strong winds from Isabel blew out the windows in an office building in East Rutherford, causing injuries to two women when they were struck. Throughout the state, damage totaled to about $50 million (2003 USD, $59 million 2008 USD). See also List of New Jersey hurricanes List of retired Atlantic hurricane names References External links National Hurricane Center Tropical Cyclone Report New Jersey Isabel (2003) Category:2003 in New Jersey Isabel |
Yun Gee Yun Gee (1906–1963) was a Chinese American modernist artist. He lived and painted in San Francisco, Paris, and New York City, and was considered one of the most daring avant-garde painters during his time. Biography Gee was born in 1906 to Gee Quong On and Wong See in Kaiping. His father was a merchant who lived in San Francisco and, when Gee turned 15 in 1921, Gee crossed the seas to join his father while his mother remained in China. Because the United States' Asian Exclusion Act prohibited legal immigration by Chinese women, once Gee was in San Francisco he never saw his mother again. Gee was able to obtain US citizenship and later enrolled at the California School of Fine Arts (present day San Francisco Art Institute). He studied painting and drawing with Otis Oldfield, who became his life-long friend. While in San Francisco, Gee lived in Chinatown and became friends with several avant-garde artists like Kenneth Rexroth, Jehanne Bietry-Salinger, John Ferren, Dorr Bothwell, and Ruth Cravath. With this group of artists, Gee and Oldfield established the Modern Gallery on Montgomery Street in 1926. In 1926, Gee also founded the Chinese Revolutionary Artists' Club, where he taught classes in advanced painting techniques and theory. Its initial members were all young Chinese immigrant men, and it had a small studio in Chinatown (at 150 Wetmore Place), which provided much of their subjects. As summarized by Oldfield, the club focused on "doing [modernist oil] work that is essentially Chinese." Art historian Anthony W. Lee, examining Gee's position in the political spectrum at the time between the Chinese Communist Party and the nationalist Kuomintang, wrote that Gee, despite being close to the Kuomintang, probably saw "the club a potential ally of the CP and thought optimistically of a nationalist regime that would incorporate theories and organizational skills from the Soviet Union," although he "was not a doctrinaire Marxist and never joined the CP". The club dissolved sometime in the 1930s. Paris In 1927, Gee moved to Paris under the patronage of Prince and Princess Achille Murat. He quickly befriended prominent artists of the Parisian avant-garde and exhibited his work alongside them at the Salon des Indépendants. While in Paris he also met Princess Paule de Reuss, whom he married in 1930. However, the marriage was challenging for the Princess, as she was disowned by her family and friends. In the same year of their marriage, Gee left Paris for New York and the couple eventually divorced in 1932. New York Gee's artwork was celebrated in New York but despite being included in exhibitions at the Brooklyn Museum and the Museum of Modern Art, Gee struggled during the Depression and experienced strong racial discrimination. Though he was heavily involved with the Chinese community, Gee found New York unbearable and returned Paris in 1936. During this period, his work received critical acclaim. He was exhibited widely, most notably at the Galerie Lion d’Or in Lausanne and Galerie à la Reine Margot. During World War II, Gee returned to New York in 1939. Three years later, he married Helen Wimmer, who had left New Jersey when she was sixteen to live with him. They had one daughter, Li-Lan, in 1943. According to Wimmer's memoirs, during this period Gee was employed at a defense-industry company, worked six days per week, and returned home to paint at night. The couple divorced in 1947 and Wimmer eventually went on to be a gallery owner, photography curator, lecturer and writer. Gee succumbed to alcoholism. In 1950, he met Velma Aydelott, who was his companion until he died |
from stomach cancer in 1963. Art Work While studying in San Francisco, Oldfield's Cézanne-inspired paintings influenced Gee's artistic style, as did Gottardo Piazzoni. As a result, from the onset of his artistic career Gee's work explored the tension and contrast between warm and cool colors. Additionally, Gee was also influenced by Eastern and Western poetry, and frequently wrote original compositions to accompany his paintings. Critics note how his poems combine Chinese style word-play and Taoist themes with the western avant-garde poetic themes of his time, such as the work of Gertrude Stein. Additionally, Gee's separation from his mother was also a reoccurring theme in his artwork. Critics believe that Gee's subsequent interest in "Diamondism" occurred when he found the Chinese Revolutionary Artists' Club in 1926. Diamondism is a set of art principles that bring together the spiritual, intellectual, and practical aspects of painting. Developed by Gee, Diamondism reflects his interest in perception and the (im)possibility of absolute truth. During his time in New York, however, Gee's work turned towards the political. He became an active fundraiser for causes in China, where one of his most notable efforts was the completion of a large mural on K Street as a contribution for the Chinese Flood Relief campaign. His artwork during this period synthesized his previous aesthetics with cubist and realist influences. After his divorce from Wimmer, Gee's artwork turned towards an abstract expressionist style that combined both Parisian and Asian influences. In addition to his artwork, Gee was also a musician and played several traditional Chinese instruments. He was also interested in theater and dance. He was heavily involved in the writing and stage design for "Kuan Chung's Generosity", a WPA Theatre project in 1930 and danced at the Institute of Chinese Studies. His work was shown in 2011 at the Tina Keng Gallery, Taipei in Taiwan. The exhibit was titled "Yun Gee: The Art of Place". Exhibitions The following list was compiled by the Tina Keng Gallery. Further reading (Online excerpt at yungee.com) External links Yun Gee Papers, Fales Library and Special Collections at New York University. References Category:American people of Chinese descent Category:Artists from San Francisco Category:1906 births Category:1963 deaths Category:People from Kaiping Category:Artists from Guangdong Category:Deaths from stomach cancer Category:San Francisco Art Institute alumni |
Two Mile, Queensland Two Mile is a locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. Geography Two Mile is from the centre of Gympie. The Gympie Cemetery is located in Two Mile. References Category:Suburbs of Gympie Category:Localities in Queensland |
Ma Zhongying Ma Zhongying, also Ma Chung-ying (, Xiao'erjing: ; c. 1910or1908 – after 1936) was a Hui Chinese Muslim warlord during the Warlord era of China. His birth name was Ma Buying (). Ma was a warlord of Gansu province in China during the 1930s. His alliance with the Kuomintang (KMT) brought his predominantly Chinese Muslim troops under the control of the KMT as the 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army); Zhongying was its commander. He was ordered to overthrow Jin Shuren, the governor of Xinjiang. After several victories over provincial and White Russian forces, he attempted to expand his territory into southern Xinjiang by launching campaigns from his power base in Gansu, but was stopped by Xinjiang warlord Sheng Shicai in 1934. The rise of Ma Zhongying Ma Zhongying joined a Muslim militia in 1924 when he was 14 years old. He was involved in the rebellion against Feng Yuxiang's Guominjun forces in Gansu, and even fought against his own relatives, including his great-uncle warlord Ma Lin, who had continued to serve the Guominjun. Ma Zhongying seized Hezhou and vanquished the forces of Ma Lin, who had been sent to recapture Hezhou from him. However, he was relieved by his commander—who was also his uncle—Ma Ku-chang, for acting without orders to take Hezhou. Ma Zhongying seized Gansu's capital from the Guominjun in April 1929 but was eventually defeated and expelled by them. Hui Muslims belonging to the Xidaotang sect and Tibetans in Taozhou were attacked by Ma Zhongying and his own Hui Muslim soldiers, causing an exodus of panicked Xidaotang Hui Muslims. Ma Zhongying's 1928 revolt led to a blaze that destroyed the Multicolored Mosque. He attended the Whampoa Military Academy in Nanjing in 1929. Xinjiang during the 1930s "He was like the rider on the pale horse, which appeared when the fourth seal was broken: 'And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with the sword, and with hunger and death, and with the beasts of the earth.'" Sven Hedin on Ma Zhongying Yulbars Khan asked for Ma Zhongying's help in overthrowing Gov. Jin Shuren after Jin abolished the Kumul Khanate and set off the Kumul Rebellion. Ma fought in Xinjiang for a while, was wounded and returned to Gansu where he forced Mildred Cable, Francesca and Eva French to tend to his wounds. He returned to Xinjiang in the summer of 1933. Ma and the 36th Division fought the forces of Gov. Jin and the White Russians in the Kumul Rebellion. The KMT wanted Jin removed since he had signed without its approval an arms treaty with the Soviet Union. Ma's military actions were carried out by Hui officers and included atrocities toward Han and Uyghur civilians in Xinjiang during the fighting. Also, local Han and Uyghur were conscripted in his forces and sent to the front lines where they were subjected to heavy enemy cannon fire. The Soviets and Sheng Shicai claimed that Ma was being supported by the Japanese and using captured Japanese officers serving with his army. Despite this, Ma officially proclaimed his allegiance to the Chinese government in Nanjing. Due to his severe abuse and brutality, the Turkis (Uyghurs) and Han Chinese hated the Hui officer Ma Zhongying had placed in charge of Barkul, Western traveller Peter Fleming reported that in 1935 Xinjiang was the only Chinese territory where Japanese agents were not active. After originally fighting against Ma Zhongying, Han Chinese Gen. Zhang |
Peiyuan and his Han Ili army defected to Ma Zhongying's side to fight against the provincial government and the Russians. Ma Zhongying then fought against the Russians in the Soviet invasion of Xinjiang. Personal character Ma used the KMT Blue Sky with a White Sun banners and armbands in his military actions. He himself wore a KMT armband and a 36th Division uniform to show that he was a legitimate representative of the Chinese government. His troops sang Chinese Muslim marching songs. He himself had a harmonium (pump organ) with him, and spent hours playing Muslim hymns on it. He carried Mauser pistols and liked to quote as his models Genghis Khan, Napoleon, Hindenburg and Zuo Zongtang. "He was a silly boy. He went mad. He murdered everyone." Rewi Alley on Ma Zhongying Downfall Sven Hedin's truck caravan encountered Ma's forces while he and his 36th Division were retreating south from the Soviet Invasion of Xinjiang. While Sven was detained by Ma, he met Gen. Ma Hushan and Kemal Kaya Effendi. Ma's adjutant claimed to Hedin that Ma had the entire region of Tien-shan-nan-lu (southern Xinjiang) under his control and Sven could pass through safely without any trouble. Hedin did not believe this assertion. Some of Ma's Tungan (Chinese-speaking Muslim) troops attacked Hedin's expedition by shooting at their vehicles. In April 1934, after his forces had stormed Kashgar during the Battle of Kashgar (1934), Ma Zhongying himself arrived in the city and gave a speech at Id Kah Mosque, telling the Uyghurs to be loyal to the Chinese Kuomintang government at Nanjing. "Ma denounced Sheng Shicai as a Soviet puppet, and reaffirmed his allegiance to the Chinese government of Nanjing". During the Soviet invasion of Xinjiang Ma Zhongying played a major role in fighting the invaders but his troops had to withdraw again and again. The last defense line was set up around Khotan, from where he was generally believed to have fled to Soviet territory and was not seen again in Xinjiang. Vladimir Petrov, a Soviet NKVD agent posted in Yarkand in 1937, gives a different version of Ma Zhongying's disappearance. In his memoir Empire of Fear, published in 1956 after defection to the West, Petrov describes how Ma was lured from Khotan onto a plane he believed was a Kuomintang flight, but was in fact staffed by Soviet agents who abducted him first to Yarkand NKVD headquarters, where he was forced to issue false orders to his own remnant troops in Khotan that would lead to their defeat, then flown on to Moscow where his fate was not known. There was no voluntary flight to the Soviet Union. The book "Who's Who in China" erroneously claimed that Ma Zhongying came back from the Soviet Union in 1934 to Tianjin, China, and was residing there that year. British telegrams from India in 1937 said that Tungans like Ma Zhongying and Ma Hushan had reached an agreement with the Soviets, whom they had fought before, that since the Japanese had begun full-scale warfare with China, the Tungans, led by Ma Zhongying and Ma Hushan, would help Chinese forces battle Japan, and that Ma Zhongying and Ma Hushan would return to Gansu, Ma Zhongying being sent back to Gansu by the Soviets, who had been keeping him in Russia. Aftermath In 1936 Zhang Guotao's forces crossed the Yellow River in an attempt to expand the Communist base into Xinjiang and make a direct connection with the USSR. Some sources allege that Ma Zhongying enlisted in the Red Army and became a high-ranking special adviser to the proposed Soviet force that was |
planning to take action, according to Zhang Guotao's forces. Ma Zhongying's tasks were, reportedly, to advise the Soviets on the situation in Xinjiang and to help them negotiate with his cousins Ma Bufang, Ma Hongbin and their families so that these warlords would not hinder Zhang Guotao's forces. However, the Soviet plan did not materialize because Zhang Guotao's communist force was met by a coalition of 100,000 troops assembled by Chiang Kai-Shek from the forces of Ma Bufang's Kuomintang Army from Qinghai, a remnant of Ma Zhongying's forces from Gansu and Ma Hongkui and Ma Hongbin troops from Ningxia. The combined force annihilated Guotao's army. Guotao's own 21,000-man Fourth Red Army collapsed first, followed by Mao Zedong's 8,000-man First Red Army. Not one Chinese communist soldier reached Xinjiang alive. Sheng Shicai sent requests to the Soviets to turn him in, but they refused. Nothing more was heard from Ma Zhongying after 1936. There are at least five stories of Ma's end: Ma was killed in a crash prior to World War II. Ma was executed after being taken to Moscow in 1936. Ma was imprisoned at a labor camp and later executed during the Great Purge of the Army in 1937–1938. Some writers, such as Red Army Gen. Konstantin Rokossovsky, allege that Ma was first arrested during the Great Purge but was later released and participated in the Great Patriotic War. According to Sheng Shicai's memoir, Sinkiang: Pawn or Pivot? (Michigan University Press, 1958) Ma, together with all his staff, was executed in Moscow on orders of Joseph Stalin during the summer or spring of 1937. References "The Soviets in Xinjiang (1911--1949)" by Mark Dickens. USA, 1990 "Sinkiang: Pawn or Pivot? " by Allen Whiting and Sheng Shih- Ts'ai. Michigan State University Press, USA, 1958 External links Flags of Independence The Soviets in Xinjiang (1911-1949) by Mark Dickens 马仲英 Category:Hui people Category:Republic of China warlords from Gansu Category:Whampoa Military Academy alumni Category:Year of death unknown Category:Chinese Muslim generals Category:National Revolutionary Army generals from Gansu Category:Members of the Kuomintang Category:1910 births Category:People from Linxia Category:Chinese anti-communists |
The Guardian (Anglican newspaper) The Guardian was a weekly Anglican newspaper published from January 1846 to November 1951. It was founded by Richard William Church, Thomas Henry Haddan, and other supporters of the Tractarian movement and was for many years the leading newspaper of the Church of England. Montague Bernard, another of the paper's founders, served as its initial editor, with Martin Sharp taking over responsibility for the paper in 1859. He stood down as editor in 1883 and was replaced by Daniel Conner Lathbury. His outspoken views on political and ecclesiastical matters, and especially his opposition to the Boer War, led to his dismissal in 1899. Later editors included Walter Hobhouse (1900-05), James Penderel-Brodhurst (1905-22) and Frederic Iremonger (1922-27). C. S. Lewis published his Screwtape Letters in serial form in The Guardian as well as The Great Divorce, the former in the early 1940s and the latter in 1944 and 1945. He also used The Guardian for some of his essays, including "Miracles" (October 1942), "Dogma and the Universe" and "Dogma and Science", both in March 1943. The paper closed in November 1951 due to increased costs of production. References Notes by the Way.djvu/82 Notes by the Way.djvu/83 Category:1846 establishments in the United Kingdom Category:Defunct newspapers of the United Kingdom Category:Defunct weekly newspapers Category:Publications disestablished in 1951 Category:Publications established in 1846 |
Annie John Annie John, a novel written by Jamaica Kincaid in 1985, details the growth of a girl in Antigua, an island in the Caribbean. It covers issues as diverse as mother-daughter relationships, lesbianism, racism, clinical depression, poverty, education, and the struggle between medicine based on "scientific fact" and that based on "native superstitious know-how". Plot summary Annie John, the protagonist of the book, starts out as a young girl who worships her mother. She follows her everywhere, and is shocked and hurt when she learns that she must some day live in a different house from her mother. While her mother tries to teach her to become a lady, Annie is sent to a new school where she must prove herself intellectually and make new friends. She then falls in love with a girl by the name of Gwen. She promises Gwen that she will always love her. However, Annie later finds herself admiring and adoring a girl that she called the "Red Girl". She admires this girl in all aspects of her life. To Annie this girl is the meaning of freedom because she does not have to do any daily hygienic routines like the other girls. Annie John is then moved to a higher class because of her intelligence. For this reason, Annie is drawn away from her best friend Gwen and the Red Girl, while alienating herself from her mother and the other adults in her life. It later becomes clear that she also suffers from some kind of mental depression, which distances her from both her family and her friends. The book ends with her physically distancing herself away from all that she knows and loves by leaving home for nursing school in England. Publication history The book's chapters were originally published separately in The New Yorker, before being combined and published as the novel Annie John, the stories connected by Kincaid's use of Annie John as the narrator. Major themes, symbolism, and style Children growing apart from their parents while becoming adolescents is the major theme in the novel. Annie and her mother share common personalities, goals and even look exactly alike, though they grow apart through the narrative. Barbara Wiedemann writes that Kincaid's fiction is not specifically aimed at a young adult audience, but the readers will benefit from insight evident in Kincaid's description of coming of age. Annie John has been noted to contain feminist views. Asked if the relationship between Annie and Gwen was meant to suggest “lesbian tendencies,” Kincaid replied: "No…I think I am always surprised that people interpret it so literally." The relationship between Gwen and Annie is really a practicing relationship. It's about how things work. It's like learning to walk. Always there is the sense that they would go on to lead heterosexual lives. Whatever happened between them, homosexuality would not be a serious thing because it is just practicing” (Vorda 94). In the story, the theme of colonization is conveyed. England has colonized Antigua, and has reconstructed its society. This is seen when the reader is introduced to Miss George and Miss Edward, teachers at Annie's school, who are both named after English kings. Antigua in return, strongly dislikes England for disposing of its native culture. Water is consistently used throughout the novel to depict the separation between Annie John and her mother. Symbolic references to water (including the sea, rain, and other forms) illustrate Annie's development from childhood to maturity. Near the start of the novel, the reader learns that Annie has both a normal baby bottle and one shaped like a boat - and |
that is only the beginning of her water-connected choices in life. Kincaid's writing form is not in the traditional paragraph form, but run-on sentences and paragraphs with little fragments. Jan Hall, a writer for Salem Press Master Plots, Fourth Edition book states in an article about Annie John that “because the novel has no years, months, or dates the story has a sense of timelessness.” Connections to other works There are clear echoes to themes and events from Kincaid's books Lucy and My Brother. My Brother is a non-fiction story, yet Annie John has some of the same events and facts placed in her own family as if Annie was Kincaid when she was younger. In My Brother, Kincaid's father had to walk after he ate because he had a bad digestive tract and heart, their family ate fish, bread, and butter, a six-year-old died in her mother's arm going over the same bridge that her father had recently walked on after eating, and the character of Miss Charlotte dies in both books. Lucy can be cited as a continuation of Annie John being that Annie John has moved off of her Caribbean island of Antigua and is starting a new life in England, even though Lucy is in America, because hypothetically Annie John will have to learn how to adjust to England. Jan Hall writes: “the themes of Annie John, Jamaica Kincaid’s first novel, are continued in Lucy (1990), a novel about a young woman’s experiences after leaving her Caribbean island.” Bibliography Deborah E. Mistron. Understanding Jamaica Kincaid's Annie John: a student casebook to issues, sources, and historical documents. Greenwood Publishing Group, (1999) References Category:1985 American novels Category:Antigua and Barbuda novels Category:African-American novels Category:Novels set in the Caribbean Category:Postcolonial literature Category:Novels by Jamaica Kincaid |
Augustus Owsley Stanley Augustus Owsley Stanley I (May 21, 1867 – August 12, 1958) was an American politician from Kentucky. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 38th Governor of Kentucky and also represented the state in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. From 1903 to 1915, Stanley represented Kentucky's 2nd congressional district in the House of Representatives, where he gained a reputation as a progressive reformer. Beginning in 1904, he called for an antitrust investigation of the American Tobacco Company, claiming they were a monopsony that drove down prices for the tobacco farmers of his district. As a result of his investigation, the Supreme Court of the United States ordered the breakup of the American Tobacco Company in 1911. Stanley also chaired a committee that conducted an antitrust investigation of U.S. Steel, which brought him national acclaim. Many of his ideas were incorporated into the Clayton Antitrust Act. During an unsuccessful senatorial bid in 1914, Stanley assumed an anti-prohibition stance. This issue would dominate his political career for more than a decade and put him at odds with J. C. W. Beckham, the leader of the pro-temperance faction of the state's Democratic Party. In 1915, Stanley ran for governor, defeating his close friend Edwin P. Morrow by just over 400 votes in the closest gubernatorial race in the state's history. Historian Lowell H. Harrison called Stanley's administration the apex of the Progressive Era in Kentucky. Among the reforms adopted during his tenure were a state antitrust law, a campaign finance reform law, and a workman's compensation law. In 1918, Stanley was chosen as the Democratic nominee to succeed the recently deceased senator Ollie M. James. Stanley was elected, but did not resign as governor to take the seat until May 1919 and accomplished little in his single term. He lost his re-election bid to Frederic M. Sackett in the 1924 Republican landslide and never again held elected office. He died in Washington, D.C., on August 12, 1958. Early life Augustus Owsley Stanley was born in Shelbyville, Kentucky, on May 21, 1867; he was the eldest of seven children of William and Amanda (Owsley) Stanley. His father was a minister of the Disciples of Christ and served as a judge advocate on the staff of Joseph E. Johnston in the Confederate Army. His mother was the niece of former Kentucky governor William Owsley. He attended Gordon Academy in Nicholasville, Kentucky, and the Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical College (later the University of Kentucky) before graduating with an A.B. from Centre College in 1889. At both Centre and Kentucky A&M, he competed at the State Oratorical Contest, becoming the only such competitor to represent two different institutions. For a year after graduation, Stanley served as chair of belles-lettres at Christian College in Hustonville, Kentucky. The following year, he was principal of Marion Academy in Bradfordsville, then spent two years in the same position at Mackville Academy in Mackville. While he held these positions, he studied law under Gilbert Cassiday. He was admitted to the bar in 1894, and opened his practice in Flemingsburg, Kentucky. Political career Stanley's first venture into the political arena was in 1897 when he made an unsuccessful bid to become county attorney of Fleming County. He continued to practice law in Flemingsburg until March 1898 when he moved to Henderson because of financial hardships. He served as a Democratic presidential elector on the ticket of William Jennings Bryan in 1900. House of Representatives In 1902, Stanley was elected as a U.S. Representative from Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. During his tenure in |
the House, he served on the Committee on Mines and Mining, the Committee on Territories, and the Committee on Agriculture. He advocated for progressive reforms such as more extensive study of mine accident prevention, railroad regulation, a pure food and drug act, and an eight-hour work day. By the time of Stanley's election to the House, the American Tobacco Company had eliminated all its substantial competitors either by acquisition or by driving them out of business. The company worked with British tobacco manufacturers to set tobacco prices worldwide. Congressman Stanley came to the defense of the tobacco farmers of his district, making him virtually unbeatable as a congressional candidate. In the first of his five consecutive terms, he authored a bill that would remove an oppressive national tobacco tax, hoping this would help raise prices for unprocessed tobacco. The bill was defeated by extensive lobbying efforts by the American Tobacco Company. In 1904, he convinced the Ways and Means Committee to hold public hearings on the American Tobacco Company's monopolistic actions, but the hearings did not convince legislators to repeal the tax nor take action against the American Tobacco Company. Besides his legislative efforts on behalf of farmers, Stanley also directly encouraged them to organize and keep their crops off the market until prices improved. He helped draft the charter for the Dark District Tobacco Planters Association. Some of the more radical members of this group, known as the "Night Riders", used vigilante violence to compel membership in the Association during what became known as the Black Patch Tobacco Wars. Finally in 1909, Stanley attached his proposed repeal of the tobacco tax as a rider to the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act. The bill passed the House, but the Senate stripped Stanley's provision. Kentucky Senator Ollie M. James reintroduced the repeal into the Senate version of the bill, and it survived when the bill was passed into law. The repeal resulted in higher tobacco prices, and although Stanley had not been alone in getting the repeal passed, he received much of the credit. In 1911, Stanley's fight against the American Tobacco Company bore fruit, as the Supreme Court ruled the company to be in violation of antitrust laws and broke it into separate companies. Both the tax repeal and the breakup of American Tobacco helped quell the violence perpetrated by the Night Riders. Stanley gained national notoriety for his actions against U.S. Steel. In 1909, he introduced a resolution calling for an investigation of the company, but it died in the House Rules Committee. A second resolution, introduced in June 1910, passed the House, but was ignored by President William Howard Taft. Stanley introduced a stronger resolution later that month, but it was killed in committee. After Republicans lost control of the house in the 1910 congressional elections, Stanley reintroduced his resolution. House Speaker Champ Clark appointed him as chairman of a nine-member committee to investigate U.S. Steel. The committee's investigation lasted from May 1911 to April 1912. At its conclusion, the committee split along party lines. Stanley authored the majority report which condemned alleged price fixing by U.S. Steel and censured President Theodore Roosevelt for his role in U.S. Steel's purchase of the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company. The minority report, authored by Republican Augustus P. Gardner, absolved Roosevelt and downplayed the price fixing charges. Stanley's report also recommended a number of changes to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. Though his recommendations were not enacted into law during his time in the House, many of them were eventually included in the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914. 1914 senatorial bid |
Although he had no serious challengers for his House seat, Stanley declined to seek re-election in 1914, choosing instead to run for a seat in the U.S. Senate. He was one of three Democrats seeking the seat, the others being Governor James B. McCreary and former governor J. C. W. Beckham. McCreary was never a serious challenger, and the primary campaign centered on Stanley and Beckham, the leaders of the two largest factions of the state's Democratic party. The two men disliked each other. Stanley had once referred to Beckham as "a fungus growth on the grave of Goebel" – an allusion to Beckham's former running mate, Governor William Goebel, whose assassination in 1900 had elevated Beckham to the governorship. During the campaign, Stanley criticized Beckham's use of machine politics, calling his opponent "Little Lord Fauntleroy". Prohibition became the major issue of the campaign. Though both Stanley and Beckham were known to drink liquor, Beckham campaigned on a pro-temperance platform. Stanley, an opponent of prohibition, criticized Beckham's position as hypocritical, saying of pro-temperance politicians in general and Beckham in particular "They keep full of booze and introduce bills to punish the man who sells it to them." "[Beckham] would sell out the world to go to the Senate," he added. The support of Louisville Courier-Journal editor Henry Watterson and Representative Ben Johnson were not enough to carry Stanley to victory. Beckham secured the Democratic nomination by almost 7,000 votes and went on to win the seat in the general election. Governor of Kentucky Several candidates announced their intention to seek the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1915, but by late August, only two remained in the race. Stanley was the choice of the anti-prohibition faction of the party, while state superintendent Harry V. McChesney represented the prohibition faction, backed by Beckham. Stanley won the nomination with 107,585 votes to McChesney's 69,722. The Republicans nominated Stanley's close friend Edwin P. Morrow. The two traveled the state together, often speaking from the same stage. Stanley was a powerful orator who used dramatic flourishes to emphasize his points. He would often loosen his tie before he ever started speaking, and by the end of his speech have thrown off his vest and coat. In one instance, the candidates debated a tax on dog owners of one dollar per dog. Stanley favored the tax, while Morrow contended that everyone should be allowed one dog tax-free. Stanley ridiculed the idea as "Free Old Dog Ring," and sometimes howled like a dog in speeches deriding the proposal. On another occasion Stanley, who had too much to drink, vomited in front of the audience as Morrow spoke. When Stanley took the podium, he remarked, "That just goes to show you what I have been saying all over Kentucky. Ed Morrow plain makes me sick to my stomach." Democrats had been divided in the primary, but united behind Stanley in the general election. Senators Beckham and Ollie M. James endorsed him, as did Governor James B. McCreary. Samuel Gompers praised Stanley for his opposition to trusts while in Congress; endorsements from local chapters of the American Federation of Labor soon followed. Even Harry McChesney, Stanley's primary opponent, urged Kentuckians to vote a straight Democratic ticket. The election was too close to call on election night. Knowing that a challenged election would be decided by the heavily Democratic General Assembly, Morrow conceded a week later. Official results showed that Stanley won the election by 471 votes, the closest gubernatorial vote in the state's history. Historian Lowell H. Harrison called Stanley's administration the apex of the Progressive Era in Kentucky. The |
most significant legislation passed during the 1916 legislative session were a state antitrust law and a ban on railroads offering free passes to public figures. A Corrupt Practices Act required candidates for office to file reports of their expenses, limited the amount of allowable expenses, and forbade public service corporations from contributing to any campaign. Other accomplishments included initiating the state's first budget program, enacting its first workman's compensation law, and instituting a convict labor law. The one progressive measure that did not pass, a bill granting women's suffrage, failed in the House by a single vote. Stanley called the General Assembly into special session in February 1917. At issue was reform of the state's tax code, which Stanley felt unjustly burdened agricultural interests. The state was also incurring large deficits, ranging from $100,000 to $700,000 annually. Though Kentucky was in better shape financially than many of its peers, Stanley still sought to balance the budget. The session lasted sixty days, and the legislature passed many of the bills he advocated. The most significant created a three-member state tax commission, chaired by M. M. Logan. Additional taxes were passed on distilled spirits, oil production, race tracks, and corporate licenses. Assessments on the value of property, which had typically been evaluated at one-third to one-half of fair market price, rose dramatically. To balance this increase, legislators reduced the tax rates on certain types of property. With the dramatic increase in funds yielded by the special session, the General Assembly approved funding increases in nearly every part of state government, including higher education. The State Board of Health was given expanded powers, and county boards of health were established. Stanley's administration was affected by the United States' entry into World War I. The legislature established and funded a state Council of Defense, but Stanley vetoed a bill that would have banned the teaching of German in public schools. As in his run for Senate and in the gubernatorial primary, the liquor question was central to Stanley's tenure as governor. Although anti-prohibition forces declared prohibition dead following his election, a prohibition amendment was introduced during the first legislative session following it. The amendment failed by a vote of 20–14 in the state senate. In 1918 it was submitted to the state's voters by an overwhelming 95–17 joint vote of the General Assembly. Although Stanley was against prohibition, he supported the 1918 amendment in order to settle the liquor issue and clear the legislature's order paper for other measures. In 1919, Kentucky was the first "wet" state to ratify the Eighteenth Amendment, enshrining prohibition into the national constitution. U.S. Senator On August 18, 1918, incumbent senator Ollie M. James died. Stanley appointed George B. Martin to finish James' term, which was to expire on March 3 of the following year. James had already been nominated for re-election in 1918 by the Democratic primary, and the task of selecting the party's new nominee fell to the Democratic State Committee, which nominated Stanley. Stanley enjoyed the advantage of a united Democratic party; J. C. W. Beckham supported Stanley for this seat so Stanley would not challenge him for his own seat when he faced re-election. The Republicans chose a relative unknown, Dr. Ben L. Bruner. Stanley was attacked for his veto of the German language bill and for his long-standing views against temperance. Though the national mood was against the Democrats, a letter of support from President Woodrow Wilson bolstered Stanley's campaign, and he defeated Bruner by more than 5,000 votes. He resigned as governor to assume the Senate seat in May 1919. As a Democrat |
in a mostly Republican Senate, he wielded little influence. When Stanley sought re-election to his seat in 1924, he faced an uphill battle. No Kentucky senator had been re-elected to his seat in over forty years (though senators had been popularly elected only since 1914). His opposition to prohibition cost him the support of pro-temperance voters and Democratic governor William J. Fields. He was also opposed by the Ku Klux Klan, then a powerful organization in the state, because of his opposition to bigotry and secret organizations. His Republican opponent Frederic M. Sackett secured the support of the Beckham wing of the Democratic Party. Despite having his own private stock of liquor, Sackett took a pro-temperance position in the campaign and was endorsed by the Anti-Saloon League. Louisville Courier-Journal editor Robert Worth Bingham added his endorsement, calling Sackett "one of the best men I know". In the general election, Stanley lost his seat by almost 25,000 votes. Sackett's victory meant Kentucky would have two Republican senators for the first time in its history. Later life and death Following his defeat in the Senate, Stanley returned to his legal practice. In the 1927 gubernatorial election, he threw his support to his old enemy, J. C. W. Beckham, hoping to improve his chances of returning to the Senate in 1930. Beckham lost to Republican Flem D. Sampson, greatly diminishing Stanley's chances in the senatorial campaign. In 1930, President Herbert Hoover appointed Stanley to the International Joint Commission, a body charged with settling boundary disputes between the United States and Canada. Stanley became its chair in 1933. He was very proud of his service on the Commission, and once noted that nowhere on earth have two great powers lived so long as neighbors with so few disputes. He served until 1954 when he resigned under pressure from his own party. Stanley died in Washington, D.C., on August 12, 1958, and was buried in Frankfort Cemetery in Frankfort, Kentucky. He was survived by his wife, Sue (Soaper) Stanley, and two of his three sons, William Stanley and Augustus Owsley Stanley II. His grandson, Augustus Owsley Stanley III (1935–2011), became a well-known LSD chemist and backer of the Grateful Dead during the hippie movement. See also References Bibliography Further reading The steel hearings included a session at New York City Hall in July, 1911. See "Steel inquiry goes on here now", The New York Times, July 28, 1911. For an op-ed by Senator Stanley relative to the constitutional implications of search and seizure provisions in Prohibition legislation in early 1922, see "Search and Seizure: Senator Stanley Attacks Constitutionality of new Prohibition Act", The New York Times, January 8, 1922. External links Profile by the University of Kentucky Alumni Association Guide to Augustus Owsley Stanley papers, 1902-1958 housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center Category:1867 births Category:1958 deaths Category:American Disciples of Christ Category:Burials at Frankfort Cemetery Category:Centre College alumni Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives Category:Democratic Party state governors of the United States Category:Democratic Party United States senators Category:Governors of Kentucky Category:Kentucky Democrats Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky Category:United States senators from Kentucky Category:People from Shelbyville, Kentucky Category:People from Flemingsburg, Kentucky |
Maralyn Lois Polak Maralyn Lois Polak is an American columnist, screenwriter, performance poet, spoken word artist, novelist and journalist. In collaboration with architect Benjamin Nia, Polak co-created the 25-minute documentary My Hometown: Preservation or Development? about the threatened demolition of 19th century buildings near Philadelphia's historic Rittenhouse Square, and preservationists' efforts to save them from a developer's wrecking ball. Her journalistic career also includes a long stint with the mainstream media as nationally syndicated weekly celebrity interview columnist for Knight Ridder and the now-defunct Sunday Magazine of The Philadelphia Inquirer, where she did over a thousand columns. Polak was formerly a commentary columnist for the online news site WorldNetDaily. She also authored the experimental online meta-novel, IMAGINARY PLAYMATES/Man in Her Mind: Further Adventures of Boris and Natasha, serialized weekly for six months on the former political-literary website FemmeSoul.Com, and a cartoon book, Anoushka on Her Deathbed: 101 Cartoons From the Abyss. Polak's reviews, essays and opinion editorials have appeared in the Chicago Tribune and The New York Times. References External links Miranda Pear’s Brazen Bedtime Stories: Un-P.C. Fairytales for Grownups Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:American columnists Category:21st-century American novelists Category:American political writers Category:American documentary filmmakers Category:Jewish American writers Category:Jewish women writers Category:Screenwriters from New Jersey Category:Knight Ridder Category:Living people Category:Novelists from New Jersey Category:American women poets Category:Women columnists Category:American women journalists Category:American women novelists Category:20th-century American women writers Category:21st-century American women writers Category:21st-century American poets Category:20th-century American poets Category:20th-century American non-fiction writers Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers Category:Women documentary filmmakers |
Lester Abrams Lester Abrams (born 1945) is a singer, songwriter, musician and producer who has played with such artists as B.B. King, Stevie Wonder, Peabo Bryson, Quincy Jones, Manfred Mann, Brian Auger, The Average White Band, The Doobie Brothers, Rufus and many others. Two of his co-compositions appeared on the Grammy Award winning album "Minute by Minute". He has also composed songs for film and television; two of his works can be heard in the Oliver Stone-produced movie, "South Central". Lester Abrams was also a member of and/or associated with several other bands and people, including Leslie Smith, Arno Lucas, Rick Chudacoff, The Les Smith Soul Band, L.A. Carnival, Crackin' and more recently, Connie Price and the Keystones. Biography Lester's maternal grandmother moved the Abrams family from the Southwest to Omaha in the early 1900s; Lester’s multi-racial father met his bi-racial mother there. Lester was born in 1945, and, as a child, had serious problems explaining his cultural background, which included ancestry from both Native and Black America. Lester's introduction to music was sitting next to his grandmother at her piano. However, although he "tinkered around" with the piano, his instrument of choice was the drums. His skill was such that his junior high bandleader, Harold Smith, allowed him to play with the high school dance band. By the time he started at the Omaha Technical High School in 1960, he had been playing in the dance band for nearly two years. Career Early years Abrams first band was the El Doradoes, with Michael Hatfield on rhythm guitar, Louie Walker on lead guitar, Danny Williams on tenor sax and Greg Williams on baritone sax. Through his teen years he developed his own style of drumming, adding a funk rhythm to established riffs, and playing in clubs in Omaha's Near North Side. In his early twenties, he took the lead of The Fabulous Impacts, with Joe Olivo on bass, Dave “Barney” Barnhart on guitar, Ed Finney on organ, Harry Roberts on trumpet and sax and ex-El Dorado Mike Hatfield on lead vocals. Funded by Olivo’s father, and recorded at Sears Recording Studio by local label owner Eddie Haddad, the group crafted two 45s – the Abrams’ composed “A Thousand Years” b/w “Cry Cry” (both featuring Lester on lead vocals) and Allen Toussaint's "Get Out of My Life Woman" backed with “Tell Me”. The Les Smith Soul Band As Lester was developing the "Fabulous Impacts" and a reputation as "the baddest drummer in town", Leslie Orlando Smith (born 1949 in Detroit) was attending North High School and singing lead in the band "Sights and Sounds" with, amongst others, schoolmate Ron Cooley on guitar and a bass player from Central High, Rick Chudacoff. After a series of personnel and name changes, including the addition of Arno Lucas, they became the Les Smith Soul Band. After some time, Leslie invited Lester to a performance at a local high school, and subsequently to sit in on a rehearsal. At the rehearsal, Lester joined in, and by the end of the sessions was part of the band. He immediately took over control of the band, and it went from being a soul band to being a funk band with the lineup: In 1969 the band cut three tracks, all written by Abrams: the soulful “Blind Man”, the Arno Lucas lead “Bad Luck”, and an instrumental funk number, “Blues for LA”. L.A. Carnival In 1969, Leslie Smith was drafted into the army and stationed in Seoul. Abrams changed the band’s name to L.A. Carnival (L.A. as in Lester Abrams). Vocal duties were assumed mainly by Arno, with |
Abrams singing backup from behind the drum kit. Under that name, they released only one single, "Blind Man" b/w "Color" on Skip Wilson’s Pacific Avenue label. Abrams arranged for an appearance in California on the Johnny Otis’ show, but Rick, Ron, and Percy had student deferments and couldn't leave Omaha. ("Had we left school in Omaha, we would have been drafted and sent to Vietnam.”) By the time their single was released, the band members had other priorities. Leslie had returned from the army and signed on for HAIR’s nationwide tour, Rick and Arno were readying to join funk-rock outfit “Crackin’”, and Ron had joined a rock band called Pilot. As Rick Chudacoff recalls, "L.A. Carnival quietly faded away". Crackin' In the mid-70's, Lester became involved with Crackin', who released 4 LPs between 1975 and 1978. Lester played on the first three of these LPs. 1975 Crackin'-1 (Polydor PD6044) 1977 Makings of a Dream (Warner Bros. BS2989) 1977 Crackin' (Warner Bros. BS3123 ) 1978 Special Touch (Warner Bros. wb3235) Performers common to all four of the LPs were: Rick Chudacoff (bass), Leslie Smith (vocals), Arno Lucas (vocals and percussion), Bob Bordy (guitars), and George T. Clinton (keyboards). Lester Abrams (vocals & keyboards) performed on the first three, Peter Bunetta (drums) performed on the last three, and Brian Ray (guitars) on the last two. Rick Chudacoff and Peter Bunetta went on to produce many albums, among them Often, Rick, Peter, Leslie, Arno, and Bob also performed on the albums. Chudacoff has also been referred to as "Noted Nashville hitmaker Rick Chudacoff (The Temptations, Smokey Robinson, Alison Krauss)". On 30 September 2006, a performance at the Casino de Paris (in Paris) involved many of these artists. The Doobie Brothers In the late-70s, Abrams moved to California and became involved with The Doobie Brothers 1979 Grammy award winning Minute by Minute album. He arranged "What a Fool Believes", which won two 1979 Grammy awards for Record of the Year and Song of the Year. He is credited with piano and vocals on the album. He co-wrote the "Minute by Minute" single with McDonald, and "Open Your Eyes" with McDonald and Henderson. 1980s 1982 Leslie Smith released his first album "Heartache" (Elektra) produced by Peter Bunetta and Rick Chudacoff, which contains cover versions such as Airplay's "Nothin' You Can Do About It" and Ned Doheny's "Love's A Heartache" 1988 The song "Love Light", written, produced and arranged by Lester Abrams, appeared on the soundtrack to the 1988 movie "The Party". 1990s 1992 Leslie Smith releases "'LES' IS MORE" Polydor (POCP-1271). 1992 Lester Abrams became involved with the film South Central. 2000s – Resurgence of L.A. Carnival In 2002, four of the members of L.A. Carnival reunited in Malibu Canyon, resulting in the complete set of L.A. Carnival / Les Smith Soul Band songs being re-released by Now-Again Records in 2003. As part of that process, "Egon" (and friends) from Now-Again Records produced a 6-minute which includes an interview with Lester, and two partial renditions of "Flyin", one of which also includes Les Smith. Also in 2003, Abrams composed "Bring It On" as a charity single in support of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. "On 30 May 2004, Abrams and Smith joined forces with young funkateers Connie Price and the Keystones to bring the L.A. Carnival sound back to life, with a live performance at the Independent in San Francisco". Abrams and Smith appear on Connie Price and the Keystones 2004 album "Wildflowers". In 2005, Lester, along with Arno Lucas and Leslie Smith, (ex-L.A. Carnival and Crackin' members), were inducted into the Omaha Black Music |
Hall of Fame. Compositions 1967 "A Thousand Years" - performed by The Fabulous Impacts 1969-71: A dozen songs performed by L.A. Carnival and/or The Les Smith Soul Band: "Bad Luck", “Black Man’s March”, "Blind Man", "Blues for LA", "Can You Hum a Tune", "Color", “Flying”, “Pose A Question”, "Scratchin'", “Seven Lonely Steps” (also titled "7 Steps to Nowhere"), “The Klan” and “We Need Peace” (also titled "We Need Peace and Love") 1975-77: Over a dozen songs appearing on various Crackin' LPs, including: Wanna Dance, Fall in Line, Starring You, Turn It Over, The Force is Watching You (with Michael Omartian and Leslie Orlando Smith), Fallen Dancer, I Know You Can (with Rick Chudacoff and L. Lovingood), Do You Need More Time (with Arno Lucas and Leslie Orlando Smith), The World's A Fool for You. 1979 "Minute by Minute" (with Michael McDonald) Performed by The Doobie Brothers: Appears on several Doobie Brothers albums, and on many, many compilation albums. Others who have recorded a performance of "Minute by Minute include: Stanley Clarke, Larry Carlton, Bobby Lyle, Kim Pensyl and Peabo Bryson Larry Carlton won a Grammy in 1987 for his version of the song. 1979 "Open Your Eyes" (with McDonald and Henderson) - performed by The Doobie Brothers, and also by Maria Muldaur 1986 "You Want It Your Way, Always" (with Sandee Burnett) - performed by Fizzy Qwick 1988 "Love Light" 2003 "Bring It On" Discography 1967 The Fabulous Impacts Two 45s “A Thousand Years” b/w “Cry Cry” "Get Out of My Life Woman" backed with “Tell Me” 1969 The Les Smith Soul Band The band cut three tracks “Blind Man” “Bad Luck” “Blues for LA”. 1971 L.A. Carnival One single: "Blind Man" b/w "Color" on Skip Wilson’s Pacific Avenue label. 1975–1978 Crackin' Crackin'–1 Format: LP. Released: 1975 Label: Polydor Catalog No: PD 6044 Playing Time: 33:21 Track list Makings of a Dream Format: LP Released: 1977 Label: Warner Bros. Catalog No: BS2989 Crackin' Format: LP. Released: 1977 Label: Warner Brothers Catalog No: BS 3123 Playing Time: 35:23 Track list Special Touch Format: LP Released: 1978 Label: Warner Brothers Catalog No: BS 3235 Track list 2003 L.A. Carnival / Les Smith Soul Band re-releases In 2003, the complete set of L.A. Carnival / Les Smith Soul Band songs, all written by Abrams, were re-released by Now-Again Records. "Color" b/w "Blind Man" NA7003 / STH7024 – 7" single – 2003 – produced by Scott Abrams Track list Color Blind Man "Blind Man" NA2003 / STH2053 – 12" single – 2003 – produced by Lester Abrams Track list "Pose a Question" b/w "Can You Hum a Tune" NA7011 – 7" single – 2003 – produced by Lester Abrams Track list Pose a Question Can You Hum a Tune? "Would Like to Pose a Question" NA5009 – 2LP/CD – 2003 – produced by Lester Abrams Track list CD track list Flyin' 4:48 We Need Peace and Love 4:03 (We'd Like To) Pose a Question 3:22 7 Steps to Nowhere 4:57 Blind Man 2:59 Can You Hum a Tune 2:00 Color 2:30 The Klan 7:42 Black Man's March 3:14 Ron's Tune 4:34 Scratchin' [Live] 5:41 Ron's Tune [Alternate Take – live] 6:34 Bad Luck [Live] 3:06 Blues for L.A. [Live] 2:49 Filmography credits 1988 The Party – Song ("Love Light") 1992 South Central – Songs 1992 South Central – Song Performer ("Love Light" "Drink the Water") 2005 The 40-Year-Old Virgin - Song ("Minute by Minute") References External links Official Site Lester Abrams Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2015) Category:Musicians from Omaha, Nebraska Category:American funk singers Category:1945 births Category:Living people Category:Place of birth missing (living people) |
Roberta (given name) Roberta is a feminine version of the given name Robert. People named Roberta include: Roberta Anastase (born 1976), Romanian poltician Roberta Bonanomi (born 1966), Italian road racing cyclist Roberta Bondar (born 1945), Canadian astronaut Roberta de Brito, of the Brazilian song and dance duo Chico & Roberta Roberta Flack (born 1937), American jazz and folk singer Roberta Karmel (born 1937), American Centennial Professor of Law at Brooklyn Law School, and first female Commissioner of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Roberta Knie (1938–2017), American dramatic soprano Roberta Martin (1907–1969), American gospel composer, singer, pianist, arranger and choral organizer Roberta Peters (1930–2017), American coloratura soprano Roberta Pinotti (born 1961), Italian politician Roberta Tubbs, fictional character on the US TV series The Cleveland Show Roberta Vinci (born 1983), Italian tennis player Roberta Williams (born 1953), American video game designer and writer Rosarita "Roberta" Cisneros, a fictional character from the anime and manga series Black Lagoon Roberta Guaspari (born 1947) Category:English feminine given names Category:Germanic feminine given names Category:Bulgarian feminine given names Category:Italian feminine given names Category:Romanian feminine given names |
Dário Berger Dário Berger (born December 7, 1956) is a Brazilian politician. He has represented Santa Catarina in the Federal Senate since 2015. Previously, he was mayor of Florianópolis from 2005 to 2012. He is a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party. Berger has been repeatedly accused of corruption. While mayor of São José, Santa Catarina he was fined for several financial irregularities during the construction of a highway. He also faced criticism when he awarded South Stage Events LTDA a contract to build a big Christmas tree in the center of São Jose without a fair bidding process. Despite this, he was part of a Senate committee to investigate President Dilma Rousseff’s alleged tampering of fiscal data. See also List of mayors of Florianópolis References Category:Living people Category:1956 births Category:People from Santa Catarina (state) Category:Brazilian Democratic Movement Party politicians Category:Members of the Federal Senate |
Creamery Covered Bridge The Creamery Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge in West Brattleboro, Vermont. Now closed to traffic, the Town lattice truss bridge formerly carried Guilford Road across Whetstone Brook, just south of Vermont Route 9. Built in 1879, it is Brattleboro's last surviving 19th-century covered bridge. Description and history The Creamery Covered Bridge is about west of downtown Brattleboro, just south of Vermont Route 9 and west (upstream) of the current alignment of Guilford Road, which it previously carried. The bridge is long and wide, and rests on stone abutments, one of which has been faced in concrete. The roadway is wide, and an attached sidewalk on the downstream side is wide. The bridge is topped by a roof that is slate over the roadway and metal over the sidewalk. The bridge trusses, built to the patented design of Ithiel Town, are protected by vertical board siding that rises about half their height, with a similar wall outside the sidewalk. Guy wires attached to the upstream side provide additional lateral support. The bridge was built in 1879 out of spruce lumber, and the sidewalk was added about 1920. It is the last of what were once a large number of covered bridges in Brattleboro, and is the only covered bridge visible from Route 9 anywhere along its length, making it a significant tourist attraction. The bridge was closed to traffic in 2010. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Windham County, Vermont List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont List of Vermont covered bridges References External links Creamery Bridge Brattleboro, Vermont Category:Covered bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont Category:Bridges completed in 1879 Category:Covered bridges in Windham County, Vermont Category:Buildings and structures in Brattleboro, Vermont Category:National Register of Historic Places in Windham County, Vermont Category:Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont Category:Wooden bridges in Vermont Category:Lattice truss bridges in the United States Category:1879 establishments in Vermont |
Bonnie and Clyde Bonnie Elizabeth Parker (October 1, 1910 – May 23, 1934) and Clyde Champion Barrow (March 24, 1909 – May 23, 1934) were an American criminal couple who traveled the Central United States with their gang during the Great Depression, known for their bank robberies, although they preferred to rob small stores or rural gas stations. Their exploits captured the attention of the American press and its readership during what is occasionally referred to as the "public enemy era" between 1931 and 1934. They are believed to have murdered at least nine police officers and four civilians. They were killed in May 1934 during an ambush by police near Gibsland, Louisiana. The press' portrayal of Bonnie and Clyde was sometimes at odds with the reality of their life on the road, especially for Parker. She was present at 100 or more felonies during the two years that she was Barrow's companion, although she was not the cigar-smoking, machine gun-wielding killer depicted in newspapers, newsreels, and pulp detective magazines of the day. Nonetheless, numerous police accounts detail her attempts to murder police officers (although gang member W.D. Jones contradicted them at trial). The picture of Parker smoking a cigar came from an undeveloped roll of negatives that police found at an abandoned hideout, and the snapshot was published nationwide. Parker did chain smoke Camel cigarettes, although she never smoked cigars. According to historian Jeff Guinn, the photos found at the hideout resulted in Parker's glamorization and the creation of myths about the gang. The 1967 film Bonnie and Clyde, directed by Arthur Penn and starring Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway in the title roles, revived interest in the criminals and glamorized them with a romantic aura. The 2019 Netflix film, The Highwaymen, depicted the law's pursuit of Bonnie and Clyde. Bonnie Parker Bonnie Elizabeth Parker was born in 1910 in Rowena, Texas, the second of three children. Her father Charles Robert Parker (1884–1914) was a bricklayer who died when Bonnie was four years old. Her widowed mother Emma (Krause) Parker (1885–1944) moved her family back to her parents' home in Cement City, an industrial suburb in West Dallas where she worked as a seamstress. As an adult, Bonnie wrote poems such as "The Story of Suicide Sal" and "The Trail's End", the latter more commonly known as "The Story of Bonnie and Clyde". In her second year in high school, Parker met Roy Thornton. The couple dropped out of school and were married on September 25, 1926, six days before her 16th birthday. Their marriage was marred by his frequent absences and brushes with the law, and it proved to be short-lived. They never divorced, but their paths never crossed again after January 1929. She was still wearing his wedding ring when she died. Thornton was in prison when he heard of her death. He commented, "I'm glad they went out like they did. It's much better than being caught." After the end of her marriage, Parker moved back in with her mother and worked as a waitress in Dallas. One of her regular customers was postal worker Ted Hinton. In 1932, he joined the Dallas Sheriff's Department and eventually served as a member of the posse that killed Bonnie and Clyde. Parker briefly kept a diary early in 1929 when she was 18, in which she wrote of her loneliness, her impatience with life in Dallas, and her love of talking pictures. Clyde Barrow Clyde Champion Barrow was born in 1909 into a poor farming family in Ellis County, Texas, southeast of Dallas. He was the fifth of |
seven children of Henry Basil Barrow (1874–1957) and Cumie Talitha Walker (1874–1942). The family moved to Dallas in the early 1920s, part of a migration pattern from rural areas to the city where many settled in the urban slum of West Dallas. The Barrows spent their first months in West Dallas living under their wagon until they got enough money to buy a tent. Barrow was first arrested in late 1926, at age 17, after running when police confronted him over a rental car that he had failed to return on time. His second arrest was with brother Buck Barrow soon after for possession of stolen turkeys. Barrow had some legitimate jobs during 1927 through 1929, but he also cracked safes, robbed stores, and stole cars. He met 19 year-old Parker through a mutual friend in January 1930, and they spent much time together during the following weeks. Their romance was interrupted when Barrow was arrested and convicted of auto theft. Clyde was sent to Eastham Prison Farm in April 1930 at the age of 21. He escaped the prison farm shortly after his incarceration using a weapon Parker smuggled to him. He was recaptured shortly after and sent back to prison. Barrow was repeatedly sexually assaulted while in prison, and he retaliated by attacking and killing his tormentor with a lead pipe, crushing his skull. This was his first killing. Another inmate, who was already serving a life sentence, claimed responsibility. In order to avoid hard labor in the fields, Barrow purposely had his two toes chopped off by either him or another inmate in late January 1932. Because of this, he walked with a limp for the rest of his life. However, Barrow was set free six days after his intentional injury. Without his knowledge, Barrow's mother had successfully petitioned for his release. He was paroled on February 2, 1932 from Eastham as a hardened and bitter criminal. His sister Marie said, "Something awful sure must have happened to him in prison because he wasn't the same person when he got out." Fellow inmate Ralph Fults said that he watched Clyde "change from a schoolboy to a rattlesnake". In his post-Eastham career, Barrow robbed grocery stores and gas stations at a rate far outpacing the ten or so bank robberies attributed to him and the Barrow Gang. His favorite weapon was the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR). According to John Neal Phillips, Barrow's goal in life was not to gain fame or fortune from robbing banks but to seek revenge against the Texas prison system for the abuses that he suffered while serving time. First meeting Several accounts describe Parker and Barrow's first meeting. The most credible states that they met on January 5, 1930 at the home of Barrow's friend Clarence Clay at 105 Herbert Street in the neighborhood of West Dallas. Barrow was 20 years old, and Parker was 19. Parker was out of work and staying with a female friend to assist her during her recovery from a broken arm. Barrow dropped by the girl's house while Parker was in the kitchen making hot chocolate. Both were smitten immediately; most historians believe that Parker joined Barrow because she had fallen in love with him. She remained his loyal companion as they carried out their many crimes and awaited the violent death which they viewed as inevitable. Armed robbery and murder 1932: Early robberies and murders After Barrow's release from prison in February 1932, he and Fults began a series of robberies, primarily of stores and gas stations; their goal was to collect enough money and |
firepower to launch a raid against Eastham prison. On April 19, Parker and Fults were captured in a failed hardware store burglary in Kaufman in which they had intended to steal firearms. Parker was released from jail in a few months, after the grand jury failed to indict her; Fults was tried, convicted, and served time. He never rejoined the gang. On April 30, Barrow was the getaway driver in a robbery in Hillsboro during which store owner J.N. Bucher was shot and killed. Bucher's wife identified Barrow from police photographs as one of the shooters, although he had stayed outside in the car. Parker wrote poetry to pass the time in jail. She reunited with Barrow within a few weeks of her release from the Kaufman County jail. On August 5, Barrow, Raymond Hamilton, and Ross Dyer were drinking alcohol at a country dance in Stringtown, Oklahoma when Sheriff C.G. Maxwell and Deputy Eugene C. Moore approached them in the parking lot. Barrow and Hamilton opened fire, killing Moore and gravely wounding Maxwell. Moore was the first law officer that Barrow and his gang had killed; they eventually murdered nine. On October 11, they allegedly killed Howard Hall at his store during a robbery in Sherman, Texas, though some historians consider this unlikely. W. D. Jones had been a friend of Barrow's family since childhood. He joined Parker and Barrow on Christmas Eve 1932 at the age of 16, and the three left Dallas that night. The next day, Jones and Barrow murdered Doyle Johnson, a young family man, while stealing his car in Temple. Barrow killed Tarrant County Deputy Malcolm Davis on January 6, 1933 when he, Parker, and Jones wandered into a police trap set for another criminal. The gang had murdered five people since April. 1933: Buck Barrow joins the gang On March 22, 1933, Clyde's brother Buck was granted a full pardon and released from prison, and he and his wife Blanche set up housekeeping with Bonnie, Clyde and Jones in a temporary hideout at 3347 1/2 Oakridge Drive in Joplin, Missouri. According to family sources, Buck and Blanche were there to visit; they attempted to persuade Clyde to surrender to law enforcement. The group ran loud, alcohol-fueled card games late into the night in the quiet neighborhood; Blanche recalled that they "bought a case of beer a day". The men came and went noisily at all hours, and Clyde accidentally fired a BAR in the apartment while cleaning it. No neighbors went to the house, but one reported suspicions to the Joplin Police Department. The police assembled a five-man force in two cars on April 13 to confront what they suspected were bootleggers living in the garage apartment. The Barrow brothers and Jones opened fire, killing Detective Harry L. McGinnis outright and fatally wounding Constable J. W. Harryman. Parker opened fire with a BAR as the others fled, forcing Highway Patrol Sergeant G.B. Kahler to duck behind a large oak tree. The .30 caliber bullets from the BAR struck the tree and forced wood splinters into the sergeant's face. Parker got into the car with the others, and they pulled in Blanche from the street where she was pursuing her dog Snow Ball. The surviving officers later testified that they had fired only fourteen rounds in the conflict; one hit Jones on the side, one struck Clyde but was deflected by his suitcoat button, and one grazed Buck after ricocheting off a wall. The group escaped the police at Joplin, but left behind most of their possessions at the apartment, including Buck's parole papers |
(three weeks old), a large arsenal of weapons, a handwritten poem by Bonnie, and a camera with several rolls of undeveloped film. Police developed the film at The Joplin Globe and found many photos of Barrow, Parker, and Jones posing and pointing weapons at one another. The Globe sent the poem and the photos over the newswire, including a photo of Parker clenching a cigar in her teeth and a pistol in her hand, and the gang of criminals became front-page news throughout America as the Barrow Gang. The photo of Parker posing with a cigar and a gun became popular: The group ranged from Texas as far north as Minnesota for the next three months. In May, they tried to rob the bank in Lucerne, Indiana, and robbed the bank in Okabena, Minnesota. They kidnapped Dillard Darby and Sophia Stone at Ruston, Louisiana in the course of stealing Darby's car; this was one of several events between 1932 and 1934 in which they kidnapped police officers or robbery victims. They usually released their hostages far from home, sometimes with money to help them return home. Stories of such encounters made headlines, as did the more violent episodes. The Barrow Gang did not hesitate to shoot anyone who got in their way, whether it was a police officer or an innocent civilian. Other members of the Barrow Gang who committed murder included Hamilton, Jones, Buck, and Henry Methvin. Eventually, the cold-bloodedness of their murders opened the public's eyes to the reality of their crimes, and led to their ends. The photos entertained the public for a time, but the gang was desperate and discontented, as described by Blanche in her account written while imprisoned in the late 1930s. With their new notoriety, their daily lives became more difficult, as they tried to evade discovery. Restaurants and motels became less secure; they resorted to campfire cooking and bathing in cold streams. The unrelieved, round-the-clock proximity of five people in one car gave rise to vicious bickering. Jones was the driver when he and Barrow stole a car belonging to Darby in late April, and he used that car to leave the others. He stayed away until June 8. Barrow did not see warning signs at a bridge under construction on June 10, while driving with Jones and Parker near Wellington, Texas, and the car flipped into a ravine. Sources disagree on whether there was a gasoline fire or if Parker was doused with acid from the car's battery under the floorboards, but she sustained third-degree burns to her right leg, so severe that the muscles contracted and caused the leg to "draw up". Jones observed: "She'd been burned so bad none of us thought she was gonna live. The hide on her right leg was gone, from her hip down to her ankle. I could see the bone at places." Parker could hardly walk; she either hopped on her good leg or was carried by Barrow. They got help from a nearby farm family, then kidnapped two local police officers. The three rendezvoused with Buck and Blanche, and hid in a tourist court near Fort Smith, Arkansas, nursing Parker's burns. Buck and Jones bungled a robbery and murdered Town Marshal Henry D. Humphrey in Alma, Arkansas. The criminals had to flee, despite Parker's grave condition. Platte City and Dexfield Park In July 1933, the gang checked in to the Red Crown Tourist Court south of Platte City, Missouri. It consisted of two brick cabins joined by garages, and the gang rented both. To the south stood the Red Crown Tavern, a |
popular restaurant among Missouri Highway Patrolmen, and the gang seemed to go out of their way to draw attention. Blanche registered the party as three guests, but owner Neal Houser could see five people getting out of the car. He noted that the driver backed into the garage "gangster style" for a quick getaway. Blanche paid for their cabins with coins rather than bills, and did the same later when buying five dinners and five beers. The next day, Houser noticed that his guests had taped newspapers over the windows of their cabin; Blanche again paid for five meals with coins. Her outfit of jodhpur riding breeches also attracted attention; they were not typical attire for women in the area, and eyewitnesses still remembered them forty years later. Houser told Captain William Baxter of the Highway Patrol, a patron of his restaurant, about the group. Barrow and Jones went into town to purchase bandages, crackers, cheese, and atropine sulfate to treat Parker's leg. The druggist contacted Sheriff Holt Coffey, who put the cabins under surveillance. Coffey had been alerted by Oklahoma, Texas, and Arkansas law enforcement to watch for strangers seeking such supplies. The sheriff contacted Captain Baxter, who called for reinforcements from Kansas City, including an armored car. Sheriff Coffey led a group of officers toward the cabins at 11pm, armed with Thompson submachine guns. In the gunfight which ensued, the .45 caliber Thompsons proved no match for Barrow's .30 caliber BAR, stolen on July 7 from the National Guard armory at Enid, Oklahoma. The gang escaped when a bullet short-circuited the horn on the armored car and the police officers mistook it for a cease-fire signal. They did not pursue the retreating Barrow vehicle. The gang had evaded the law once again, but Buck had sustained a bullet wound that blasted a large hole in his forehead skull bone and exposed his injured brain, and Blanche was nearly blinded by glass fragments in both her eyes. The Barrow Gang camped at Dexfield Park, an abandoned amusement park near Dexter, Iowa, on July 24. Buck was sometimes semiconscious, and he even talked and ate, but his massive head wound and loss of blood were so severe that Barrow and Jones dug a grave for him. Local residents noticed their bloody bandages, and officers determined that the campers were the Barrow Gang. Local police officers and approximately 100 spectators surrounded the group, and the Barrows soon came under fire. Barrow, Parker, and Jones escaped on foot. Buck was shot in the back, and he and his wife were captured by the officers. Buck died of his head wound and pneumonia after surgery five days later at Kings Daughters Hospital in Perry, Iowa. For the next six weeks, the remaining perpetrators ranged far afield from their usual area of operations, west to Colorado, north to Minnesota, southeast to Mississippi; yet they continued to commit armed robberies. They restocked their arsenal when Barrow and Jones robbed an armory at Plattville, Illinois on August 20, acquiring three BARs, handguns, and a large quantity of ammunition. By early September, the gang risked a run to Dallas to see their families for the first time in four months. Jones parted company with them, continuing to Houston where his mother had moved. He was arrested there without incident on November 16, and returned to Dallas. Through the autumn, Barrow committed several robberies with small-time local accomplices, while his family and Parker's attended to her considerable medical needs. On November 22, they narrowly evaded arrest while trying to meet with family members near Sowers, Texas. Dallas Sheriff |
Smoot Schmid, Deputy Bob Alcorn, and Deputy Ted Hinton lay in wait nearby. As Barrow drove up, he sensed a trap and drove past his family's car, at which point Schmid and his deputies stood up and opened fire with machine guns and a BAR. The family members in the crossfire were not hit, but a BAR bullet passed through the car, striking the legs of both Barrow and Parker. They escaped later that night. On November 28, a Dallas grand jury delivered a murder indictment against Parker and Barrow for the killing – in January of that year, nearly ten months earlier – of Tarrant County Deputy Malcolm Davis; it was Parker's first warrant for murder. 1934: Final run On January 16, 1934, Barrow orchestrated the escape of Hamilton, Methvin, and several others in the "Eastham Breakout". The brazen raid generated negative publicity for Texas, and Barrow seemed to have achieved what historian Phillips suggests was his overriding goal: revenge on the Texas Department of Corrections. Barrow Gang member Joe Palmer shot Major Joe Crowson during his escape, and Crowson died a few days later in the hospital. This attack attracted the full power of the Texas and federal government to the manhunt for Barrow and Parker. As Crowson struggled for life, prison chief Lee Simmons reportedly promised him that all persons involved in the breakout would be hunted down and killed. All of them eventually were, except for Methvin, who preserved his life by setting up the ambush of Barrow and Parker. The Texas Department of Corrections contacted former Texas Ranger Captain Frank Hamer and persuaded him to hunt down the Barrow Gang. He was retired, but his commission had not expired. He accepted the assignment as a Texas Highway Patrol officer, secondarily assigned to the prison system as a special investigator, and given the specific task of taking down the Barrow Gang. Hamer was tall, burly, and taciturn, unimpressed by authority and driven by an "inflexible adherence to right, or what he thinks is right." For 20 years, he had been feared and admired throughout Texas as "the walking embodiment of the 'One Riot, One Ranger' ethos". He "had acquired a formidable reputation as a result of several spectacular captures and the shooting of a number of Texas criminals". He was officially credited with 53 kills, and suffered seventeen wounds. Prison boss Simmons always said publicly that Hamer had been his first choice, although there is evidence that he first approached two other Rangers, both of whom declined because they were reluctant to shoot a woman. Starting on February 10, Hamer became the constant shadow of Barrow and Parker, living out of his car, just a town or two behind them. Three of Hamer's four brothers were also Texas Rangers; brother Harrison was the best shot of the four, but Frank was considered the most tenacious. Barrow and Methvin killed highway patrolmen H.D. Murphy and Edward Bryant Wheeler on Easter Sunday, April 1, 1934 at the intersection of Route 114 and Dove Road, near Grapevine, Texas (now Southlake). An eyewitness account said that Barrow and Parker fired the fatal shots, and this story got widespread coverage before it was discredited. Methvin later admitted that he fired the first shot, after assuming that Barrow wanted the officers killed; he also said that Parker approached the dying officers intending to help them, not to administer the coup de grâce as described by the discredited eyewitness. Barrow joined in, firing at Patrolman Murphy. It has long been assumed that Parker was asleep in the back seat when Methvin started shooting, |
and took no part in the assault. During the spring season, the Grapevine killings were recounted in exaggerated detail, affecting public perception; all four Dallas daily papers seized on the story told by the eyewitness, a farmer who claimed to have seen Parker laugh at the way that Murphy's head "bounced like a rubber ball" on the ground as she shot him. The stories claimed that police found a cigar butt "with tiny teeth marks", supposedly those of Parker. Several days later, Murphy's fiancée wore her intended wedding dress to his funeral, attracting photos and newspaper coverage. The eyewitness's ever-changing story was soon discredited, but the massive negative publicity increased the public clamor for the extermination of the Barrow Gang. The outcry galvanized the authorities into action, and Highway Patrol boss L.G. Phares offered a reward of $1,000 for "the dead bodies of the Grapevine slayers" — not their capture, just the bodies. Texas Governor Ma Ferguson added another reward of $500 for each of the two killers, which meant that, for the first time, "there was a specific price on Bonnie's head, since she was so widely believed to have shot H.D. Murphy". Public hostility increased five days later, when Barrow and Methvin murdered 60 year-old Constable William "Cal" Campbell, a widower and father, near Commerce, Oklahoma. They kidnapped Commerce police chief Percy Boyd, crossed the state line into Kansas, and let him go, giving him a clean shirt, a few dollars, and a request from Parker to tell the world that she did not smoke cigars. Boyd identified both Barrow and Parker to authorities, but he never learned Methvin's name. The resultant arrest warrant for the Campbell murder specified "Clyde Barrow, Bonnie Parker and John Doe". Historian Knight writes: "For the first time, Bonnie was seen as a killer, actually pulling the trigger — just like Clyde. Whatever chance she had for clemency had just been reduced." The Dallas Journal ran a cartoon on its editorial page, showing an empty electric chair with a sign on it saying "Reserved", adding the words "Clyde and Bonnie". Deaths Barrow and Parker were killed on May 23, 1934, on a rural road in Bienville Parish, Louisiana. Texas officers Hamer, Hinton, Alcorn, and B.M. "Maney" Gault, and Louisiana officers Henderson Jordan and Prentiss Morel Oakley formed the posse. Hamer led the posse, and he had begun tracking the gang on February 12. He studied their movements and found that they swung in a circle skirting the edges of five midwestern states, exploiting the "state line" rule which prevented officers from pursuing a fugitive into another jurisdiction. Barrow was consistent in his movements, so Hamer charted his path and predicted where he would go. The gang's itinerary centered on family visits, and they were due to see Methvin's family in Louisiana. On May 21, the four posse members from Texas were in Shreveport when they learned that Barrow and Parker were to go to Bienville Parish that evening with Methvin. Barrow had designated the residence of Methvin's parents as a rendezvous, in case they were separated, and Methvin did get separated from them in Shreveport. The full posse set up an ambush at the rendezvous point along Louisiana State Highway 154 south of Gibsland toward Sailes. Hinton recounted that their group was in place by 9 pm, and waited through the whole of the next day (May 22) with no sign of the perpetrators. Other accounts said that the officers set up on the evening of the May 22. At approximately 9:15 am on May 23, the posse were still concealed in the |
bushes and almost ready to concede defeat, when they heard Barrow's stolen Ford V8 approaching at a high speed. Their official report had Barrow stopping to speak with Methvin's father, who had been planted there with his truck that morning, to distract Barrow and force him into the lane closer to the posse. The lawmen opened fire, killing Barrow and Parker while shooting about 130 rounds. Oakley fired first, probably before any order to do so. Barrow was killed instantly by Oakley's head shot, but Hinton reported hearing Parker scream as she realized that Barrow was dead, before the shooting began in her direction. The officers emptied all their weapons at the car. Nearly all of their wounds would have been fatal, yet the two had survived many bullet wounds over the years in their confrontations with the law. According to statements made by Hinton and Alcorn: Researchers have said that Barrow and Parker were shot more than 50 times each; others claim closer to 25 each, or 50 in total. Officially, the 1934 report by parish coroner Dr. J. L. Wade, listed seventeen separate entrance wounds on Barrow's body and twenty-six on that of Parker, including several headshots on each, and one that had snapped Barrow's spinal column. Undertaker C.F. "Boots" Bailey had difficulty embalming the bodies because of all the bullet holes. The deafened officers inspected the vehicle and discovered an arsenal of weapons, including stolen automatic rifles, sawed-off semi-automatic shotguns, assorted handguns, and several thousand rounds of ammunition, along with fifteen sets of license plates from various states. Hamer stated: "I hate to bust the cap on a woman, especially when she was sitting down, however if it wouldn't have been her, it would have been us." Word of the deaths quickly got around when Hamer, Jordan, Oakley, and Hinton drove into town to telephone their respective bosses. A crowd soon gathered at the spot. Gault and Alcorn were left to guard the bodies, but they lost control of the jostling, curious throng; one woman cut off bloody locks of Parker's hair and pieces from her dress, which were subsequently sold as souvenirs. Hinton returned to find a man trying to cut off Barrow's trigger finger, and was sickened by what was occurring. Arriving at the scene, the coroner said that he saw the following: The coroner enlisted Hamer for help in controlling the "circus-like atmosphere", and got people away from the car. The posse towed the Ford, with the dead bodies still inside, to the Conger Furniture Store & Funeral Parlor in downtown Arcadia, Louisiana. Barrow had been shot in the head by a .35 Remington Model 8. Preliminary embalming was done by Bailey in a small preparation room in the back of the furniture store, as it was common for furniture stores and undertakers to share the same space. The population of the northwest Louisiana town reportedly swelled from 2,000 to 12,000 within hours. Curious throngs arrived by train, horseback, buggy, and plane. Beer normally sold for 15 cents a bottle but it jumped to 25 cents, and sandwiches quickly sold out. Henry Barrow identified his son's body, then sat weeping in a rocking chair in the furniture section. H.D. Darby was an undertaker at the McClure Funeral Parlor and Sophia Stone was a home demonstration agent, both from nearby Ruston. Both of them came to Arcadia to identify the bodies because the Barrow gang had kidnapped them in 1933. Parker reportedly had laughed when she discovered that Darby was an undertaker. She remarked that maybe someday he would be working on her; Darby did |
assist Bailey in the embalming. Funeral and burial Bonnie and Clyde wished to be buried side by side, but the Parker family would not allow it. Her mother wanted to grant her final wish to be brought home, but the mobs surrounding the Parker house made that impossible. More than 20,000 attended Parker's funeral, and her family had difficulty reaching her gravesite. Parker's services were held on May 26. Dr. Allen Campbell recalled that flowers came from everywhere, including some with cards allegedly from Pretty Boy Floyd and John Dillinger. The largest floral tribute was sent by a group of Dallas city newsboys; the sudden end of Bonnie and Clyde sold 500,000 newspapers in Dallas alone. Parker was buried in the Fishtrap Cemetery, although she was moved in 1945 to the new Crown Hill Cemetery in Dallas. Thousands of people gathered outside both Dallas funeral homes, hoping for a chance to view the bodies. Barrow's private funeral was held at sunset on May 25. He was buried in Western Heights Cemetery in Dallas, next to his brother Marvin. The Barrow brothers share a single granite marker with their names on it and an epitaph selected by Clyde: "Gone but not forgotten." The bullet-riddled Ford and the shirt that Barrow was wearing have been in the casino of Whiskey Pete's in Primm, Nevada since 2011; previously, they were on display at the Primm Valley Resort and Casino. The American National Insurance Company of Galveston, Texas paid the insurance policies in full on Barrow and Parker. Since then, the policy of payouts has changed to exclude payouts in cases of deaths caused by any criminal act by the insured. The six men of the posse were each to receive a one-sixth share of the reward money, and Dallas Sheriff Schmid had promised Hinton that this would total some $26,000, but most of the organizations that had pledged reward funds suddenly reneged on their pledges. In the end, each lawman earned $200.23 for his efforts and collected memorabilia. By the summer of 1934, new federal statutes made bank robbery and kidnapping federal offenses. The growing coordination of local authorities by the FBI, plus two-way radios in police cars, combined to make it more difficult to carry out series of robberies and murders than it had been just months before. Two months after Gibsland, Dillinger was killed on the street in Chicago; three months after that, Floyd was killed in Ohio; and one month after that, Baby Face Nelson was killed in Illinois. Differing accounts The members of the posse came from three organizations: Hamer and Gault were both former Texas Rangers then working for the Texas Department of Corrections (DOC), Hinton and Alcorn were employees of the Dallas Sheriff's office, and Jordan and Oakley were Sheriff and Deputy of Bienville Parish, Louisiana. The three duos distrusted one another and kept to themselves, and each had its own agenda in the operation and offered differing narratives of it. Simmons, the head of the Texas DOC, brought another perspective, having effectively commissioned the posse. Schmid had tried to arrest Barrow in Sowers, Texas in November 1933. Schmid called "Halt!" and gunfire erupted from the outlaw car, which made a quick U-turn and sped away. Schmid's Thompson submachine gun jammed on the first round, and he could not get off one shot. Pursuit of Barrow was impossible because the posse had parked their own cars at a distance to prevent their being seen. Hamer's posse discussed calling "halt" but the four Texans "vetoed the idea", telling them that the killers' history had always been to shoot |
their way out, as had occurred in Platte City, Dexfield Park, and Sowers. When the ambush occurred, Oakley stood up and opened fire, and the other officers opened fire immediately after. Jordan was reported to have called out to Barrow; Alcorn said that Hamer called out; and Hinton claimed that Alcorn did. In another report, each said that they both did. These conflicting claims might have been collegial attempts to divert the focus from Oakley, who later admitted firing too early, but that is merely speculation. In 1979, Hinton's account of the saga was published posthumously as Ambush: The Real Story of Bonnie and Clyde. His version of the Methvin family's involvement in the planning and execution of the ambush was that the posse had tied Methvin's father Ivy to a tree the previous night to keep him from warning off the couple. Hinton claimed that Hamer made a deal with Ivy: if he kept quiet about being tied up, his son would escape prosecution for the two Grapevine murders. Hinton alleged that Hamer made every member of the posse swear that they would never divulge this secret. Other accounts, however, place Ivy at the center of the action, not tied up but on the road, waving for Barrow to stop. Hinton's memoir suggests that Parker's cigar in the famous "cigar photo" had been a rose, and that it was retouched as a cigar by darkroom staff at the Joplin Globe while they prepared the photo for publication. Guinn says that some people who knew Hinton suspect that "he became delusional late in life". Aftermath The posse never received the promised bounty on the perpetrators, so they were told to take whatever they wanted from the confiscated items in their car. Hamer appropriated the arsenal of stolen guns and ammunition, plus a box of fishing tackle, under the terms of his compensation package with the Texas DOC. In July, Clyde's mother Cumie wrote to Hamer asking for the return of the guns: "You don't never want to forget my boy was never tried in no court for murder, and no one is guilty until proven guilty by some court so I hope you will answer this letter and also return the guns I am asking for." There is no record of any response. Alcorn claimed Barrow's saxophone from the car, but he later donated it to the Barrow family. Posse members also took other personal items, such as Parker's clothing. The Parker family asked for them back but were refused, and the items were later sold as souvenirs. The Barrow family claimed that Sheriff Jordan kept an alleged suitcase of cash, and writer Jeff Guinn claims that Jordan bought "barn and land in Arcadia" soon after the event, thereby hinting that the accusation had merit — despite the complete absence of any evidence to the existence of such a suitcase. Jordan did attempt to keep the death car for his own, but Ruth Warren of Topeka, Kansas sued him because she was the owner of the car when Barrow stole it on April 29; Jordan returned it to her in August 1934, still covered with blood and human tissue. In February 1935, Dallas and federal authorities arrested and tried twenty family members and friends for aiding and abetting Barrow and Parker. This became known as the "harboring trial" and all twenty either pleaded guilty or were found guilty. The two mothers were jailed for thirty days; other sentences ranged from two years' imprisonment (for Floyd Hamilton, brother of Raymond) to one hour in custody (for Barrow's teenage sister Marie). Other |
defendants included Blanche, Jones, Methvin, and Parker's sister Billie. Blanche was permanently blinded in her left eye during the 1933 shootout at Dexfield Park. She was taken into custody on the charge of "assault with intent to kill". She was convicted and sentenced to ten years in prison, but was paroled in 1939 for good behavior. She returned to Dallas, leaving her life of crime in the past, and lived with her invalid father as his caregiver. In 1940, she married Eddie Frasure, worked as a taxi cab dispatcher and a beautician, and completed the terms of her parole one year later. She lived in peace with her husband until he died of cancer in 1969. Warren Beatty approached her to purchase the rights to her name for use in the 1967 film Bonnie and Clyde, and she agreed to the original script. However, she objected to her characterization by Estelle Parsons in the final film, describing the actress's Academy Award-winning portrayal of her as "a screaming horse's ass". Despite this, she maintained a firm friendship with Beatty. She died from cancer at age 77 on December 24, 1988, and was buried in Dallas's Grove Hill Memorial Park under the name "Blanche B. Frasure". Barrow cohorts Hamilton and Palmer, who escaped Eastham in January 1934, were recaptured. Both were convicted of murder and executed in the electric chair at Huntsville, Texas on May 10, 1935. Jones had left Barrow and Parker, six weeks after the three of them evaded officers at Dexfield Park in July 1933. He reached Houston and got a job picking cotton, where he was soon discovered and captured. He was returned to Dallas, where he dictated a "confession" in which he claimed to have been kept a prisoner by Barrow and Parker. Some of the more lurid lies that he told concerned the gang's sex lives, and this testimony gave rise to many stories about Barrow's ambiguous sexuality. Jones was convicted of the murder of Doyle Johnson and served a lenient sentence of fifteen years. He gave an interview to Playboy magazine during the excitement surrounding the 1967 movie, saying that in reality it had not been glamorous. He was killed on August 4, 1974 in a misunderstanding by the jealous boyfriend of a woman whom he was trying to help. Methvin was convicted in Oklahoma of the 1934 murder of Constable Campbell at Commerce. He was paroled in 1942 and killed by a train in 1948. He fell asleep drunk on the train tracks, although some have speculated that he was pushed by someone seeking revenge. His father Ivy was killed in 1946 by a hit-and-run driver. Parker's husband Roy Thornton was sentenced to five years in prison for burglary in March 1933. He was killed by guards on October 3, 1937 during an escape attempt from Eastham prison. Prentiss Oakley admitted to friends that he had fired prematurely. He succeeded Henderson Jordan as sheriff of Bienville Parish in 1940. Hamer returned to a quiet life as a freelance security consultant for oil companies. According to Guinn, "his reputation suffered somewhat after Gibsland" because many people felt that he had not given Barrow and Parker a fair chance to surrender. He made headlines again in 1948 when he and Governor Coke Stevenson unsuccessfully challenged the vote total achieved by Lyndon Johnson during the election for the U.S. Senate. He died in 1955 at the age of 71, after several years of poor health. Bob Alcorn died on May 23, 1964, 30 years to the day after the Gibsland ambush. The bullet-riddled Ford became a popular |
traveling attraction. It was displayed at fairs, amusement parks, and flea markets for three decades, and became a fixture at a Nevada race track. There was a charge of one dollar to sit in it. It was sold between casinos after being displayed in a Las Vegas car museum in the 1980s; it was shown in Iowa, Missouri, and Nevada. Texas Rangers, troopers, and DPS staff honored patrolman Edward Bryan Wheeler on April 1, 2011, the 77th anniversary of the Grapevine murders, when the Barrow gang murdered Wheeler on Easter Sunday. They presented the Yellow Rose of Texas commendation to his last surviving sibling, 95-year old Ella Wheeler-McLeod of San Antonio, giving her a plaque and framed portrait of her brother. In popular culture Films Hollywood has treated the story of Bonnie and Clyde several times, most notably: William Witney directed the film The Bonnie Parker Story (1958) starring Dorothy Provine. Arthur Penn directed Bonnie and Clyde (1967) which starred Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway. This movie has the pair outsmarting the police and followed a romanticised story of the criminals. John Lee Hancock directed the Netflix film The Highwaymen (2019), showing the Texas Rangers on a successful hunt for the pair. The film starred Kevin Costner as Frank Hamer and Woody Harrelson as Maney Gault. Music Many pop songs have been produced about Bonnie and Clyde, including Serge Gainsbourg and Brigitte Bardot's 1967 "Bonnie and Clyde", which conveys a highly romanticized account of the pair, Georgie Fame's 1967 single "The Ballad of Bonnie and Clyde", Mel Torme's 1968 song "A Day in the Life of Bonnie and Clyde", Merle Haggard's 1968 "The Legend of Bonnie and Clyde", and Die Toten Hosen's "Bonnie & Clyde". The bluegrass duo Flatt & Scruggs released an entire album in 1968 about the duo and their crime spree, The Story of Bonnie & Clyde. In 2019, Volbeat sang about the couple in the song "The Awakening of Bonnie Parker", from the album Rewind, Replay, Rebound. In November 2009, the musical Bonnie & Clyde premiered at the La Jolla Playhouse in San Diego. It ran for five weeks at the Asolo Repertory Theatre in Sarasota, Florida in 2010. In the autumn of 2011, it opened on Broadway and ran for 69 performances. A Russian song about Bonnie & Clyde story was released in 2015 by Vika Dove and Gogol (8DN). A Korean adaptation of the Bonnie & Clyde musical ran at Chungmu Arts Hall in Seoul from September to October 2013. Television In the television film Bonnie & Clyde: The True Story (1992), Tracey Needham played Bonnie and Dana Ashbrook played Clyde. Bruce Beresford directed the television miniseries Bonnie & Clyde, which aired on Lifetime, History Channel, and A&E on December 8 and 9, 2013. Emile Hirsch played Clyde and Holliday Grainger played Bonnie. In March 2009, Bonnie and Clyde were the subject of a program in the BBC series Timewatch, based in part on gang members' private papers and previously unavailable police documents. In the December 5, 2016 episode of Timeless (Season 1, Episode 9 Last Ride of Bonnie & Clyde), Sam Strike portrays Clyde Barrow and Jacqueline Byers portrays Bonnie Parker. Theatre In November 2009 a musical adaptation, Bonnie & Clyde, written by Frank Wildhorn, Don Black, and Ivan Menchell debuted in La Jolla, California. The show transferred to Broadway in November of 2011 where it played until December 30, 2011 at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre. Broadway powerhouses Laura Osnes and Jeremy Jordan starred respectively as Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow. Bonnie & Clyde premiered in London's Off West-End for a brief 5-day |
stint at The Other Palace Theatre in 2017. Books Books that are regarded as non-fictional are listed in the bibliography section. Side By Side: A Novel of Bonnie and Clyde by Jenni L. Walsh is the fictionalized account of Bonnie and Clyde's crime spree, told through the perspective of Bonnie Parker. Published in 2018 by Forge Books (Macmillan Publishers). Podcasts Bonnie and Clyde's life and crimes were covered in a three-part series on the popular true crime podcast, The Last Podcast on the Left. (Episode 369 "Part 1 – Once you go short", Episode 370 "Part 2 – Give me the Money Now", Episode 371 "Filthy, Smelly, and Surly".) The podcast was hosted by Marcus Parks, Ben Kissel, and Henry Zebrowski. Slang The idiomatic phrase "modern-day Bonnie and Clyde" generally refers to a man and a woman who operate together as present-day criminals. See also 1910 US Census with Clyde Barrow in Ellis County, Texas Hybristophilia, also known as "Bonnie and Clyde Syndrome" List of Depression-era outlaws The Gouffé Case Notes References Bibliography Barrow, Blanche Caldwell and John Neal Phillips. My Life with Bonnie and Clyde. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004.) . Burrough, Bryan. Public Enemies. (New York: The Penguin Press, 2004.) . Guinn, Jeff. Go Down Together: The True, Untold Story of Bonnie and Clyde. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009.) . Knight, James R. and Jonathan Davis. Bonnie and Clyde: A Twenty-First-Century Update. (Austin, TX: Eakin Press, 2003.) . Milner, E.R. The Lives and Times of Bonnie and Clyde (Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996.) . Parker, Emma Krause, Nell Barrow Cowan and Jan I. Fortune. The True Story of Bonnie and Clyde. (New York: New American Library, 1968.) . Originally published in 1934 as Fugitives. Phillips, John Neal. Running with Bonnie and Clyde, the Ten Fast Years of Ralph Fults. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996, 2002) . Ramsey, Winston G., ed. On The Trail of Bonnie and Clyde. (London: After The Battle Books, 2003). . Steele, Phillip, and Marie Barrow Scoma. The Family Story of Bonnie and Clyde. (Gretna, LA: Pelican Publishing Company, 2000.) . Treherne, John. The Strange History of Bonnie and Clyde. (New York: Stein and Day, 1984.) . Webb, Walter Prescott. The Texas Rangers: A Century of Frontier Defense. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1935.) . Boessenecker, John. Texas Ranger: The Epic Life of Frank Hamer, the Man Who Killed Bonnie and Clyde. (New York: Thomas Dunn Books, 2016.) . External links FBI files on Bonnie and Clyde, covering 1933–1944 The Poems of Bonnie Parker Unauthenticated Barrow letter to Henry Ford The Clyde Barrow Gang collection from the Dallas Police Department Archives Category:1934 deaths Category:Barrow Gang Category:Crime families Category:20th-century American criminals Category:American bank robbers Category:American outlaws Category:American murderers Category:American criminals Category:Outlaw gangs in the United States Category:Articles containing video clips Category:Burials in Texas Category:Criminal duos Category:Deaths by firearm in Louisiana Category:Depression-era gangsters Category:Extrajudicial killings Category:Bank robbery Category:Love stories Category:American people of English descent Category:People from Joplin, Missouri Category:People shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States Category:People from Dallas |
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2002 The 8th Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards, honoring the best in film for 2002, were given on January 6, 2003. The organization, founded in 1990, includes 59 film critics for print, radio, television, and internet publications based in north Texas. Top 10 films Chicago (Academy Award for Best Picture) Far from Heaven The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers The Pianist About Schmidt Gangs of New York Adaptation. Road to Perdition Catch Me If You Can The Hours Winners Best Actor: Jack Nicholson – About Schmidt as Warren R. Schmidt Best Actress: Julianne Moore – Far from HeavenBest Animated Film:Spirited Away (Sen to Chihiro no kamikakushi)Best Cinematography:Far from Heaven – Edward Lachman Best Director: Peter Jackson – The Lord of the Rings: The Two TowersBest Documentary Film:Bowling for ColumbineBest Film: Chicago Best Foreign Language Film:And Your Mother Too (Y tu mamá también) • Mexico Best Supporting Actor: Chris Cooper – Adaptation. as John Laroche Best Supporting Actress: Kathy Bates – About SchmidtWorst Film:FeardotCom'' References External links Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association official website 2002 Category:2002 film awards |
FREAK FREAK ("Factoring RSA Export Keys") is a security exploit of a cryptographic weakness in the SSL/TLS protocols introduced decades earlier for compliance with U.S. cryptography export regulations. These involved limiting exportable software to use only public key pairs with RSA moduli of 512 bits or less (so-called RSA_EXPORT keys), with the intention of allowing them to be broken easily by the National Security Agency (NSA), but not by other organizations with lesser computing resources. However, by the early 2010s, increases in computing power meant that they could be broken by anyone with access to relatively modest computing resources using the well-known Number Field Sieve algorithm, using as little as $100 of cloud computing services. Combined with the ability of a man-in-the-middle attack to manipulate the initial cipher suite negotiation between the endpoints in the connection and the fact that the Finished hash only depended on the master secret, this meant that a man-in-the-middle attack with only a modest amount of computation could break the security of any website that allowed the use of 512-bit export-grade keys. While the exploit was only discovered in 2015, its underlying vulnerabilities had been present for many years, dating back to the 1990s. Vulnerability The flaw was found by researchers from IMDEA Software Institute, INRIA and Microsoft Research. The FREAK attack in OpenSSL has the identifier . Vulnerable software and devices included Apple's Safari web browser, the default browser in Google's Android operating system, Microsoft's Internet Explorer, and OpenSSL. Microsoft has also stated that its SChannel implementation of transport-layer encryption is vulnerable to a version of the FREAK attack in all versions of Microsoft Windows. The CVE ID for Microsoft's vulnerability in SChannel is . The CVE ID for Apple's vulnerability in Secure Transport is . Sites affected by the vulnerability included the US federal government websites fbi.gov, whitehouse.gov and nsa.gov, with around 36% of HTTPS-using websites tested by one security group shown as being vulnerable to the exploit. Based on geolocation analysis using IP2Location LITE, 35% of vulnerable servers are located in the US. Press reports of the exploit have described its effects as "potentially catastrophic" and an "unintended consequence" of US government efforts to control the spread of cryptographic technology. , vendors were in the process of releasing new software that would fix the flaw. On March 9, 2015, Apple released security updates for both iOS 8 and OS X operating systems which fixed this flaw. On March 10, 2015, Microsoft released a patch which fixed this vulnerability for all supported versions of Windows (Server 2003, Vista and later). Google Chrome 41 and Opera 28 has also mitigated against this flaw. Mozilla Firefox is not vulnerable against this flaw. The research paper explaining this flaw has been published at the 36th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy and has been awarded the Distinguished Paper award. See also BEAST (computer security) BREACH (security exploit) CRIME (security exploit) Logjam (computer security) POODLE Server-Gated Cryptography References External links https://www.smacktls.com/ https://www.freakattack.com/ https://tools.keycdn.com/freak/ https://infogr.am/https_sites_that_support_rsa_export_suites http://www.sitemeer.com/ Category:Web security exploits Category:Cryptography Category:Cryptographic attacks Category:2015 in computer science Category:Transport Layer Security |
Guillaume Weijzen Guillaume Hendrik "Chick" Weijzen (born 21 January 1935, Maastricht) is a Dutch sprint canoer who competed in the early to mid-1960s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he earned his best finish of seventh in the K-4 1000 m event at Tokyo in 1964. Weijzen's son, Marc, competed in canoeing for the Netherlands at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. References Sports-reference.com profile Category:1935 births Category:Living people Category:Canoeists at the 1960 Summer Olympics Category:Canoeists at the 1964 Summer Olympics Category:Dutch male canoeists Category:Olympic canoeists of the Netherlands Category:Sportspeople from Maastricht |
Squamscott River The Squamscott River is a tidal river in Rockingham County, southeastern New Hampshire, in the United States. It rises at Exeter, fed by the Exeter River. The Squamscott runs north between Newfields and Stratham to Great Bay, a tidal estuary, which is connected to the Piscataqua River, a tidal inlet of the Atlantic Ocean. More specifically, after rising at the Great Bridge (actually a very modest Works Progress Administration project) adjacent to the former "Loaf & Ladle" restaurant in downtown Exeter, the Squamscott River passes the "Wooden Wave" (an interesting architectural statement next to the Phillips Exeter Academy boathouse), then tends north alongside the Swasey Parkway, through the haymarshes, passing by the town's water purification plant and then under State Route 101, a major east–west arterial road in New Hampshire. The river next passes under Route 108 at the site of the former "Singing Bridge", a metal bridge which was recently replaced. The river then debouches into Great Bay, a broad and shallow tidal estuary, just south of the mouth of the Lamprey River, arriving at the bay from Newmarket. The Squamscott, also spelled Swampscott and Swamscott, gets its name from the Squamscott Indians who called it Msquam-s-kook (or Msquamskek) translated as 'at the salmon place' or 'big water place.' Plentiful game, the marshes and lush river-fed vegetation, and an abundance of fish supported the northeast Native American Indians who were present in the region for thousands of years until English settlers displaced them in the early 17th century. The Native American tribes of New Hampshire were most likely from the Abenaki nation, but independent of the Maine-based tribes. The name “Abenaki” and its derivatives originated from a Montagnais (Algonquin) word meaning "people of the dawn" or "easterners". In the eastern part of New Hampshire were the Pequaquaukes (or Pequakets), the Ossipees, the Minnecometts, the Piscataquas and the Squamscotts (Msquamskek). The Phillips Exeter Academy crew team holds its practices on the Squamscott River in Exeter. See also List of rivers of New Hampshire References External links Exeter Squamscott River Local Advisory Committee Category:Rivers of New Hampshire Category:Rivers of Rockingham County, New Hampshire |
100th Indiana Infantry Regiment The 100th Indiana Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. They were one of three Union regiments referred to as the Persimmon regiment. Colonels Sanford J. Stoughton Albert Heath Ruel M. Johnson See also List of Indiana Civil War regiments References Bibliography Transcription of letter showing Colonel Stoughton Another Transcription of letter showing Colonel Stoughton Category:Indiana Civil War regiments Category:1862 establishments in Indiana Category:Military units and formations established in 1862 Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1865 |
Andover Radio Andover Radio is a community radio station in Andover, Hampshire in the United Kingdom. It broadcasts on 95.9FM and online. The station was awarded a five year licence to broadcast from Ofcom in 2016. The radio station launched with the financial support of local businesses, private investment and the local borough council. References External links Andover Radio Website Category:Radio stations in Hampshire |
KATZ (AM) KATZ (1600 AM) is an Urban Gospel radio station serving the area of St. Louis, Missouri, United States. The iHeartMedia, Inc. (previously Clear Channel Communications) outlet broadcasts with power level of 6 kW day/3.5 kW night. Its transmitter is located in East St. Louis, Illinois, and operates from studios in St. Louis south of Forest Park. KATZ is licensed by the FCC to broadcast a HD digital (hybrid) signal. History KATZ began broadcasting in 1955 as a Rhythm and blues/Soul music station. This function was transferred to KATZ-FM in the 1980s. Currently, KATZ is a gospel music outlet, while KATZ-FM became WSDD in late 2009 with a new format. References External links KATZ official website FCC History Cards for KATZ ATZ Category:Gospel radio stations in the United States Category:Radio stations established in 1955 Category:1955 establishments in Missouri Category:IHeartMedia radio stations |
List of registered museums in Poland The Minister of Culture and National Heritage of Poland may inscribe a Polish museum into the National Register of Museums () in order to confirm the high level of its cultural activity and the importance of its collection. Only those museums that meet the required criteria – including importance of the museum's collection, a team of well qualified employees, an adequate building, and a permanent source of financing – may be entered into the register. Such museums are known as registered museums (). A registered museum that no longer meets the criteria may be removed from the register. Registered museums enjoy certain privileges that other museums in Poland do not. A registered museum has the right of pre-emption for artefacts offered for sale by antique traders and at auctions. Directors of registered museums elect triennially from among themselves eleven out of 21 members of the Museums Council (), which advises the Minister of Culture and National Heritage on matters related to museums. Among the 127 registered museums (), the vast majority are state-owned. Sixteen of these are deemed to be of national importance and hence supervised directly by ministries of the national government – the Ministry of National Defence in the case of the Polish Army Museum and the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage for all the remaining ones. The rest of the state-owned museums are either under the supervision of local authorities of various levels (voivodeships, counties or communes) or are supervised jointly by a government ministry and local authorities. Additionally, one registered museum belongs to a state-owned university (the Jagiellonian University Museum) and one is privately owned (the Private Automotive and Technological Museum in Otrębusy). Warsaw, the capital and largest city of Poland, has the highest concentration of registered museums, numbering sixteen. It is followed by Kraków, with nine registered museums; Gdańsk, which is home to four registered museums; and further by Lublin and Opole, with three each. Registered museums References Sources Registered * Museums Museums |
Government of Ghana The Government of Ghana was created as a parliamentary democracy, followed by alternating military and civilian governments. In January 1993, military government gave way to the Fourth Republic after presidential and parliamentary elections in late 1992. The 1992 constitution divides powers among a president, parliament, cabinet, council of state, and an independent judiciary. The government is elected by universal suffrage. Government Political parties became legal in mid-1992 after a ten-year hiatus. There are more than 20 registered political parties under the Fourth Republic. The two main parties are the National Democratic Congress and the New Patriotic Party. The National Democratic Congress is the successor organisation to Jerry John Rawlings' Provisional National Defence Council which was in power from 1981 to 1992. The New Patriotic Party, found in 1992, is the successor to the Gold Coast's The Big Six independence achiever party United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC); the People's National Convention, and the Convention People's Party, successor to Kwame Nkrumah's original party of the same name, which was the incumbent government of Ghana for 10 years from declaration of independence in 1957 to 1966, winning elections in 1956, 1960, and 1965. The National Democratic Congress won the presidential and parliamentary elections in 1992, 1996, 2008 and 2012. The New Patriotic Party won the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2000, 2004, and 2016 . Foreign relations Since independence, Ghana has been devoted to ideals of nonalignment and is a founding member of the non-aligned movement. Ghana favours international and regional political and economic co-operation, and is an active member of the United Nations and the African Union. Many Ghanaian diplomats and politicians hold positions in international organisations. These include Ghanaian diplomat and former Secretary-General of the United Nations Kofi Annan, International Criminal Court Judge Akua Kuenyehia, former President Jerry John Rawlings and former President John Agyekum Kuffour who have both served as diplomats of the United Nations. In September 2010, Ghana's former President John Atta Mills visited China on an official visit. Mills and China's former President Hu Jintao, marked the 50th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the two nations, at the Great Hall of the People on 20 September 2010. China reciprocated with a visit in November 2011, by the Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, Zhou Tienong who visited Ghana and met with Ghana's President John Dramani Mahama. Judicial system The legal system is based on the 1992 constitution, customary (traditional) law, and British common law. Court hierarchy consists of Supreme Court of Ghana (highest court), courts of appeal, and high courts of justice. Beneath these bodies are circuit, magisterial, and traditional courts. Extrajudicial institutions include public tribunals. Since independence, courts are relatively independent; this independence continues under the Republic. Lower courts are being redefined and reorganised under the Republic. Administrative divisions There are sixteen administrative regions of the Republic of Ghana which are divided into 6 metropolitan assemblies; 55 Municipal assemblies; and 216 districts, each with its own district assembly. Below districts are various types of councils, including 58 town or area councils; 108 zonal councils; and 626 area councils. Over 16,000 unit committees exist on the lowest level. Ghana has 275 electoral constituencies. Parliamentary Constituencies of Ghana See also Parliament House of Ghana President of Ghana Heads of states of Ghana Politics of Ghana References External links Government of Ghana Category:Politics of Ghana Category:Government of Ghana |
Shattered Grid "Shattered Grid" is a 2018 crossover comic book event published by Boom! Studios, in collaboration with Saban Brands, which was later replaced by Hasbro. Based on the Power Rangers franchise by Haim Saban, it was mostly written by Kyle Higgins and Ryan Parrott through the ongoing comic series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers and Go Go Power Rangers to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the original television series. Publication history On December 2017, Boom! Studios announced "Shattered Grid" as a crossover event between Mighty Morphin Power Rangers and Go Go Power Rangers, which would feature teams from all eras. The main story was mostly written by Kyle Higgins through Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, while Ryan Parrott has also written a tie-in story through Go Go Power Rangers, featuring Lord Drakkon and the Ranger Slayer as exclusive characters. On February 2018, an online advertisement promoting the comic was broadcast, featuring Jason David Frank in a voice-over narration. On March 2018, a promotional short film titled Power Rangers: Shattered Grid - Dark Prelude was released online, starring Frank in the role of Lord Drakkon. The film was written and directed by Higgins and produced by Locomotion Pictures, RCA Film Productions and Saban Brands. Plot Prelude In an alternate universe, Tommy Oliver refused to join the Power Rangers and stayed loyal to Rita Repulsa, taking the name of "Lord Drakkon" after a former acolyte of Rita. Together, they conquered Earth and killed Zordon, Jason Scott, Billy Cranston, among others. At some point, Drakkon also killed Rita to form his own army, including Scorpina, Finster 5, and a brainwashed Kimberly Hart as the Ranger Slayer. To fight this threat, Zack Taylor and Trini Kwan founded "The Coinless", a resistance movement that opposes Drakkon's regime. Additionally, another Tommy and his fellow Rangers confronted him, destroying his Power Coin in the process. As they returned to their universe, Drakkon was wrongly transported with them. After his arrival, he was taken prisoner by Promethea agents. After Promethea held Drakkon in a special top-secret containment area for an unknown amount of time, Saba appears to kill him for all of his horrible acts. But Saba fails, accidentally freeing Drakkon, who decapitates him and takes his headless sword body to open a portal and escape. Arriving to the past, the Ranger Slayer joins forces with Rita Repulsa to power-up the Gravezord, so she could deliver the Chaos Crystal back to Lord Drakkon. Main story A mysterious rift is investigated by the Time Force Rangers in the future and when they get close to it, the Time Force Megazord is ravaged and it becomes nearly inescapable for Jen Scotts but they travel to the past. Back in the present, Grace Sterling (Director of Promethea) is confronted by Jason and Tommy in the present due to her hiding Lord Drakkon without them knowing. Drakkon travels back to their dimension and deceives Ninjor, the creator of the Power Coins, into repairing his ranger powers. A thankful Drakkon captures Ninjor inside a magic bottle, intending to exploit his knowledge of the Morphin Grid for his own ends. The Rangers plan their recourse while in the Command Center, while Billy expresses his desire for Trini's help in making the Black Dragon work again in their desire to warn of Drakkon's possible return to the Coinless and to surround the Command Center with a barrier. Unbeknownst to the Rangers, Drakkon infiltrates the Command Center and steals back the Chaos Crystal. A downtime by Tommy and Kimberly to find peace during their first date is ruined near the end of it as Kim rebuffed Tommy's |
attempted kiss of her. Feeling terrible about this, Tommy was trailed by Kimberly as he left and when she caught up, Lord Drakkon appeared and stabbed Tommy though his back, zapping the energy from Tommy into the stolen Chaos Crystal. Kim was joined by Jen in her fight against Drakkon but Drakkon escaped back to his world while Kimberly held a dying Tommy's body. Tommy's death is confirmed by Zordon in the present leading the Rangers to place his body back in the alley. This is done for the police to locate his him. At Tommy's funeral, the announcement of Jen being awake is made by Alpha. The other Rangers are warned by Jen (in the Command Center) of the timeline's fracturing at the hands of the Morphin Grid. Drakkon's status invading both worlds in a power gaining attempt is also announced. Most of the Samurai Rangers were taken and their morphers are stolen by Drakkon who uses Ninjor in his transfer of their energy and he evolves into his next form. The Emissaries are contacted by Zordon in an attempt to convince the Morphin Masters to remove the power from Drakkon, but the plea is ignored, which denies that Drakkon's army and him are dangerous enough threats to the Grid. All possible versions of Tommy are murdered by Drakkon, but Dr K is failed to recruit and it is discovered how to reverse the Dragon Cannons' effect. The Rangers use the Black Dragon and Time Force Technologies from the Command Center in an effort to contact Dr K and the RPM Rangers which leads them to see that Drakkon once again evolved and is now joined by the Psycho Rangers (the S.P.D A-Squad and Koragg the Knight Wolf join him as new allies) Ninjor is rescued in the World of the Coinless and the revelation by him is said that Drakkon is conquering the Rangers in an attempt to get access to the Morphin Grid All Rangers travel to the Moon (using Grace Sterling's space colony (which Karone recognizes as Terra Venture) ) to confront Drakkon's forces. This is done as Rita Repulsa is turned by Zordon to suppress Drakkon's power. Finster 5 electrifies them which saves Drakkon who connects more morphin energy to himself in his bid to evolve into his final form. Tie-in story The Rangers (in the past) freed the alternate Kimberly from Drakkon's mind control, revealing his true identity to this world's Matthew Cook (her late boyfriend). The arrow she uses is generated by the Chaos Crystal versus a younger version of Tommy Oliver and this transfers memories about probable futures which includes his impending death by Drakkon. The Ranger Slayer (now in the present) was given asylum by Grace Sterling and the Prometha agency. Final story The Rangers destroy Drakkon's tower on the Moon, which cuts off the Sentries' power causing a giant rift. In his final form, Lord Drakkon enters the Morphin Grid, defeats the Emissaries and takes possession of the Heart of one of the Morphin Masters, destroying the multiverse and creating his own world where he is a hero. Luckily for Tommy, he had actually survived his death, with the Ranger Slayer's attack in the past overcharging him with Chaos Energy and pulling his spirit inside Drakkon, taunting him enough to loosen his hold on his power just enough to free him and the Emissaries and rescuing the Rangers. Together, they are able to finally pull the Heart from Drakkon, causing his world to collapse. Despite Tommy's attempt to help him, Drakkon refuses to be saved and stays in his collapsing |
world. With the Heart of the Master secured, the Emissaries aid the Rangers in using it to repair the damage Drakkon caused, but they also tell them that it cannot be completely fixed. Epilogue While the multiverse and the timestream were fixed, the exact level of repair is currently unknown. As well, the Terra Venture colony has been dislodged from time and space, casting Grace, her crew and the surviving Rangers into uncharted territory. Back in the past, Matthew is now fully aware of the Rangers' identity and insists Kimberly and the others to entrust their secret, but they refuse to answer, causing a permanent friction between them. In the meantime, Rita has a new plan to destroy the Rangers once and for all. Checklist Reception "Shattered Grid" has been generally well received by critics, with most reviews praising it as the rightful event for Power Rangers on its 25th anniversary, as well as being a storyline targeted for an adult audience. Other media Web series The web series Power Rangers Hyperforce features the "Shattered Grid" event for episodes 19 and 20, with guest stars Kyle Higgins and Jason David Frank. The two-part story takes place between issues #25-26 of the 2016 Mighty Morphin Power Rangers comic series. Video game The "Shattered Grid" storyline was adapted for the story mode of the 2019 video game Power Rangers: Battle for the Grid. Original "Shattered Grid" writer Kyle Higgins wrote the game's script. Future For September 2018, the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers creative team will be changed by writer Marguerite Bennett and artist Simone di Meo, introducing a storyline titled "Beyond the Grid". Ryan Parrott will continue to write Go Go Power Rangers. In February 2019, Parrott and artist Daniele Di Nicuolo were introduced as the creative team for Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, starting with issue #40, with a new crossover event titled "Necessary Evil". References Category:2018 comics debuts Category:Boom! Studios titles Category:Power Rangers Category:2018 comics endings Category:Crossover comics Category:Comics about parallel universes Category:Storylines in comics Category:Comics about multiple time paths Category:Comics about time travel |
The Reward (opera) The Reward () — Polish opera in 2 acts by Karol Kurpiński with libretto written by Ludwik Adam Dmuszewski. Its first performance took place on 24 December 1815 in Warsaw. This opera was written "because of the desired arrival of the brightest Alexander I, Emperor and King of the newly resurrected Polish Kingdom" Its other titles are: The Reward, or The Resurrection of the Nation (Nagroda, czyli Wskrzeszenie narodu) The Brightest Guests, or The Reward (Najjaśniejsi goście, czyli Nagroda) The Reward, or the Resurrection of Polish Kingdom (Nagroda, czyli Wskrzeszenie Królestwa Polskiego) An arrangement of the overture for piano was published in Tygodnik Muzyczny (1820 No.5). It appears to be the only part of the music to survive. Roles Podczaszy (The Cup-bearer), heir of the estate Ekonom (The Steward) Organista (The Organist) Justyna, his daughter Basia, her friend, a peasant Grzegorz, former steward Stanisław, his son, former soldier Chorus: Goście z sąsiedztwa (Guests from the neighborhood) Wieśniacy (Villagers) The scene is staged in Kraków. Act I: a village Act II: palace garden. The action takes place on 10 November 1815. Music numbers Overture Act I (?) Maidens chorus. «Cieszmy się, ciesmy w tej radosnej chwili» (Scene I) Dumka (Justyna). «Gdym przestała bydż dziecięciem» (Scene I) Duet (Justyna and Basia). «Nadziejo, droga nadziejo!» (Scene II) Polonaise (Basia). «Jak prawdziwa Krakowianka» (Scene III) Duet (Justyna and Stanisław). «Ach jak szczęśliwy był dzisiejszy ranek» (Scene VIII) Finale (Justyna, Stanisław, Basia, Ekonom, Organista, a group of villagers). «Niech żyje! niech żyje! niech żyje!» (Scene X) Act II Mazurek (Organista). «Cieszmy się miłą nadzieją» (Scene I) (?) Chorus and krakowiaks. «Nasz sędziowy od Skalmierza» (Scene II) Cantata (text by Ludwik Osiński, music by Józef Elsner). «Jakaż radość weselnych rozwesela plemie?» (after the play) External links Full text of the libretto A performance of the overture arranged for piano (synthesized) References Category:1815 operas Category:Operas by Karol Kurpiński Category:Polish-language operas |
American Pet Association The American Pet Association is a pet organization founded in 1991 in Atlanta, Georgia. It is formed as an LLC out of Florida and has offices in Georgia, South Carolina, Florida and Colorado. The Executive Director is Richard Werner and was one of the founding members of the organization. There are at least 25 employees at the organization. The organization is based as a membership organization for pet owners providing "Guardian" and "Guardian VIP" memberships since 1992. As of August 2011, they have over 250,000 members. Since 1995, they have provided media services including research and statistics to the media. In 1996, they started offering "Humane Services" donating their Guardian Memberships to humane agencies as well as dry erase kennel ID cards, employees badges, educational materials, pet collars and fundraising assistance at no charge to the humane agency. In 2009, they began offering "Pet Mediation" services aimed at helping businesses and couples experiencing pet related disputes. Also in 2009 they launched a "Scholastic Fundraising" program aimed at helping schools raise funds and educating children on proper pet care. This is a not for profit program. In 2010, it launched a Pet Product and Pet Business Approval Program. They have a proprietary business approval process and provide testing, inspections, background checks and an ongoing consumer feedback system. In 2011, it launched a "Community Pet Plan" program offering "Planned Pet Communities" to residential apartment complexes and other communities. They help to establish communities as "pet friendly", manage pet complaints and provide mediation. References Category:Pets in the United States Category:Animal welfare organizations based in the United States |
1913–14 Huddersfield Town A.F.C. season Huddersfield Town's 1913-14 campaign was a particularly disappointing season following 5th place the previous season. Town would finish 13th, 15 points off Bradford Park Avenue, who finished 2nd place. Squad at the start of the season Review After finishing 5th place in their 3rd season in the Football League, Town didn't live up to the standards set the previous season, with the only standout result being the 7-0 win over Birmingham in October. They finished in 13th place with only 34 points. Squad at the end of the season Results Division Two FA Cup Appearances and goals 1913-14 Category:English football clubs 1913–14 season |
Chaeturichthys Chaeturichthys is a genus of gobies native to the western Pacific Ocean. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: Chaeturichthys jeoni Shibukawa & Iwata, 2013 Chaeturichthys stigmatias J. Richardson, 1844 (Branded goby) References Category:Gobionellinae |
Vermont Valley Railroad The Vermont Valley Railroad was a line now called the Connecticut River Line. Hugh H. Henry (1814-1869) of Chester, Vermont was an original incorporator, and was chosen as its first president. He served from 1848 until his death. In 1988, the Interstate Commerce Commission ordered the Boston and Maine (B & M) to sell it to Amtrak, with trackage rights staying with the B & M. Amtrak was allowed to sell it to the Central Vermont Railway, part of the Canadian National Railway. The CV obtained the line on September 9. The sale was made because the track condition was not suitable for running Amtrak's Montrealer passenger trains, and Amtrak had to discontinue service on April 5, 1987. Service resumed in July 1989 after Amtrak paid the CV to upgrade the line. The companies were unable to agree on a permanent trackage rights agreement, and in 1990, the ICC imposed terms, in which the B&M could serve all "existing shippers and shippers' facilities" located on the line and in operation during the 12 months prior to the sale to the CV. The New England Central Railroad acquired the line from the CV in 1994, and the Springfield Terminal Railway has since acquired the trackage rights assigned to the B&M. References Category:Defunct Vermont railroads Category:Predecessors of the Boston and Maine Corporation Category:Railway companies established in 1848 Category:Railway companies disestablished in 1949 Category:Predecessors of the Central Vermont Railway |
George Hunsinger George Hunsinger is an American theologian who is Hazel Thompson McCord Professor of Systematic Theology at Princeton Theological Seminary. He served as director of the Seminary’s Center for Karl Barth Studies from 1997 to 2001. Educational background and career Hunsinger graduated from Stanford University with honors in Humanities in 1967. Immediately after graduating from college, he lived and taught in Bedford-Stuyvesant in a store-front school for high school dropouts sponsored by the New York Urban League. He then received a Bachelor of Divinity degree cum laude from Harvard Divinity School in 1971. Through the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) program, he spent his time in Tübingen University during 1971-1972. Hunsinger worked as volunteer teacher, Benhaven School for Autistic Children in New Haven, CT in the period of 1973-1975. After he received a MA and MPhil degree from Yale University in 1977, he served as the "Theologian in Residence " in Riverside Church Disarmament Program in NYC between 1978-1979. In 1988, he finished his doctoral studies and gained his PhD under the supervision of Hans Frei in Yale University. Throughout his career his work has focused largely on the theology of Karl Barth. Hunsinger has also been associated with postliberalism. Along these lines, he is viewed as an authoritative interpreter of the work of his teacher Hans Frei. In terms of ecclesial aspects, Hunsinger was ordained as minister in the Presbyterian Church (USA) in 1982. He also served as one of the members of a special committee of the PCUSA to write a New Presbyterian Catechism, in which he was the principal author. This catechism was approved by the 210th General Assembly of the PCUSA in June 1998. He has also been leading adult bible studies in Nassau Presbyterian Church (Princeton, NJ) starting from 1995. Theological education He served as the Instructor in Theology in 1979-84, and as the Assistant Professor of Theology in 1984-85 in the New Brunswick Theological Seminary, which is a seminary running by the Reformed Church in America (RCA). He then served as the Assistant Professor of Theology in 1986-88, as the Associate Professor of Theology in 1988-92, and finally as the Professor of Theology in 1992-94 in Bangor Theological Seminary, which has been closed by 2013. Before teaching in Princeton Theological Seminary, he was the member of the Center of Theological Inquiry in between 1994-97. This center was established by the Princeton Theological Seminary's Board of Trustees in 1978. He later became the director of the Center for Barth Studies of the seminary from 1997-2001. Since 2001 he has been the McCord Professor of Theology at Princeton Theological Seminary. Hunsinger also served as visiting professor of Union Theological Seminary (NYC) (1979), Haverford College (1985), Andover Newton Theological School (1997-2004), Princeton University (2000) He took the role of program chair (1997-2002) and the president (2003-present) of the Karl Barth Society of North America (KBSNA). Furthermore, he was the recipient of the 2010 Karl Barth Prize. Previous recipients include Eberhard Jüngel, Hans Küng, John W. de Gruchy, Johannes Rau, and Bruce McCormack. Social involvement He has a long history of anti-war and human rights activism and was also an open critic of the war in Iraq, publishing his first article against it in 2002, before the war was launched. He walked the picket lines with Cesar Chavez, worked for William Sloane Coffin, Jr. at the Riverside Church Disarmament Program, and was twice arrested with Daniel Berrigan in Good Friday protests against nuclear weapons in Manhattan. In 2006 he convened the Princeton conference at which the National Religious Campaign Against Torture was founded. Voice for ecumenism From |
2003 to 2008 he was active in the ecumenical movement through the Faith and Order Commission and has written on issues related to ecumenism. He served as a delegate to the official Reformed/Roman Catholic International Dialogue (2011-2016), where he was instrumental in prompting the World Communion of Reformed Churches (WCRC) to affiliate with the historic "Joint Declaration on Justification" (JDDJ). He contributed to the official WCRC "signing statement" to the JDDJ, as ratified in July 2017, at the 500th anniversary of the Reformation. In the spring semester of 2019 he was a visiting professor of ecumenical theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome. In 2016 his book The Beatitudes (Paulist Press) was awarded "First Place in Spirituality" by the Catholic Press Association of America and Canada. Major publications 1991. How to Read Karl Barth: The Shape of His Theology. Oxford University Press. 2001. Disruptive Grace: Studies in the Theology of Karl Barth. Wm. B. Eerdmans. 2004. For the Sake of the World: Karl Barth and the Future of Ecclesial Theology. Wm. B. Eerdmans. 2008. The Eucharist and Ecumenism: Let Us Keep the Feast. Current Issues in Theology, Cambridge University Press. 2008. Torture Is a Moral Issue: Christians, Jews, Muslims, and People of Conscience Speak Out. Wm. B. Eerdmans. 2015. Reading Barth with Charity: A Hermeneutical Proposal. Baker Academic. 2015. Evangelical, Catholic, and Reformed: Doctrinal Essays on Barth and Related Themes. Wm. B. Eerdmans. 2015. Conversational Theology: Essays on Ecumenical, Postliberal, and Political Themes. T&T Clark. 2015. The Beatitudes. Paulist Press. 2017. Karl Barth and Radical Politics, Second Edition. Wipf and Stock. 2018. Karl, Barth, the Jews, and Judaism, Wm. B. Eerdmans. 2018. Karl Barth: Postholocaust Theologian? T&T Clark. 2020. Philippians. Baker/Brazos. 2020. The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Karl Barth, 2 vols. Editor (with Keith L. Johnson). References http://www3.ptsem.edu/uploadedFiles/cv(1).pdf?n=9034 Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:American Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:Living people Category:Princeton Theological Seminary faculty Category:Harvard Divinity School alumni Category:20th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:21st-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) teaching elders Category:Yale University alumni |
Tabidia candidalis Tabidia candidalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in China (Zhejiang, Guangdong) and India. The wingspan is 15–18 mm. The forewings are white, the basal area tinged with greyish-fuscous. The antemedial line is blackish the outer margin with a black blotch along the upper half. The discoidal stigma is black, the postmedial line is fuscous and is followed on the costa by a large black blotch. The lower third of the median area is fulvous with a round blackish apical spot. The hindwings are white, but the outer third is blackish. References Category:Moths described in 1896 Category:Spilomelinae |
2016 Blossom Cup – Doubles Eri Hozumi and Makoto Ninomiya were the defending champions, but Hozumi chose to participate in Canberra instead. Ninomiya partnered Shuko Aoyama and successfully defended her title, they defeated Chinese wildcards Lu Jingjing and Zhang Yuxuan in the final, 6–3, 6–0. Seeds Draw References Draw Blossom Cup - Doubles |
Liuzhou Liuzhou (; , IPA Pronunciation:) is a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. The prefecture's population was 3,758,700 in 2010, including 1,436,599 in the built-up area made of 4 urban districts. Its total area is and for built up area. Geography Liuzhou is located on the banks of the winding Liu River, approximately from Nanning, the regional capital. By road, it is about to Guilin, to Hechi, to Nanning, to Fangchenggang, to Beihai. Swimming in the river is a tradition of the city. The river is normally green, but sometimes in summer, floods from the mountain areas upstream bring sediment which colors the water yellow. In early 2012, a cadmium spill upstream caused serious pollution worries. The river can become very deep. Normally, the depth is but can as deep as before it floods over the wall. In 2000 a bus, with 78 passengers, fell over the side of a bridge, and into of water. Climate Liuzhou has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with mild winters and long hot summers, and very humid conditions year-round. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from in January to in August, while extremes have ranged from . Rain is both the heaviest and most frequent from May to August, when nearly two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs. History The Liujiang men () are among the earliest modern humans found in East Asia. Their remains were discovered in the Tongtianyang Cave () in Liujiang County, Guangxi. Liujiang man is a Late Pleistocene Homo sapiens sapiens. Liuzhou has a history of more than 2,100 years. The city was founded in 111 B.C. when it was known as Tanzhong (). In 742 A.D. it became known as Longcheng (), after the Long River, before finally changing to Liuzhou () after the Liu River in 1736. The most famous historic figure is Liu Zongyuan (773–819), who was a poet and politician in the Tang Dynasty and who died in Liuzhou. He is commemorated by a park in the city. Liuzhou was the site of Liuchow Airfield, used by Nationalist Chinese and American Army Air Forces in World War II. (At that time the airfield was closer to the centre, where now is the zoo.) It was captured by the Japanese army on 7 November 1944 during the Battle of Guilin–Liuzhou and recaptured by Nationalist Chinese forces on 30 June 1945 prior to the Second Guangxi Campaign. Administrative divisions Liuzhou has direct administration over 10 county-level divisions: 5 districts, 3 counties and 2 autonomous counties: District: Chengzhong District（城中区） Liunan District（柳南区） Liubei District（柳北区） Yufeng District（鱼峰区） Liujiang District（柳江区） County: Liucheng County（柳城县） Luzhai County（鹿寨县） Rong'an County（融安县） Autonomous county: Rongshui Miao Autonomous County（融水苗族自治县） Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County（三江侗族自治县） Economy Liuzhou is the second largest city in Guangxi and is the region's industrial center. According to statistics issued by the Liuzhou government in 2015, the city’s GDP was 231.1 billion yuan. Among important companies based in Liuzhou are: LiuGong - a multinational construction machinery manufacturer SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile - a joint venture between General Motors, SAIC Motor and Liuzhou Wuling Motors Tourism As with much of Guangxi, the landscape around Liuzhou is a mix of rolling hills, mountain peaks, caves and karst scenery. It is an ideal base for exploring the minority villages in the area. Rongshui: Rongshui Miao Autonomous County is located in the north of Liuzhou prefecture, away from Liuzhou and from Guilin. The territory is inhabited by Miao, Yao, Dong, Zhuang, Han nationality. Dayaoshan scenic area is in Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, from the city of Liuzhou. It has a scenic area of over . |
Sanjiang lies to the north of Liuzhou near the Hunan border. It is a Dong minority area and is surrounded by picturesque ethnic minority villages. LiuZhou Industrial Museum () was set up on the original site of the former Cotton Textile Factory No.3, and opened in 2012. Well acclaimed Liuzhou Forest City will be built to the north of Liuzhou, in the mountains of Guangxi. Transport Liuzhou Airport provides flights to major cities in China. Liuzhou has extensive rail connections with the rest of China. Hunan-Guangxi Railway (Hengyang - Pingxiang, a.k.a. Xiang-Gui Line), Jiaozuo-Liuzhou Railway (Jiaozuo - Zhicheng - Liuzhou, a.k.a. Jiao-Liu Line) Railway and Guizhou-Guangxi Railway (Guiyang - Liuzhou, a.k.a. Qian-Gui Line) make Liuzhou the center of freight transportation in Guangxi. China National Highway 209 Military Liuzhou is the headquarters of the 41st Group Army of the People's Liberation Army, one of the two army groups that comprise the Guangzhou Military Region responsible for the defense of China's southern coast and its border with Vietnam. Quotes Liuzhou appears in the Chinese saying . Born in Suzhou, live in Hangzhou, eat in Guangzhou, die in Liuzhou In the past, the city was known for its coffins, made from firwood, camphor wood, and sandalwood, which are said to preserve the body after death. As for the others,Guangzhou's Cantonese cuisine is famous worldwide, Hangzhou is known for its beauty, and Suzhou is reputed to have the most beautiful people in China, thus the line is sometimes given as "Marry in Suzhou...". Today many tourists buy miniature coffins, about long, as souvenirs or good luck charms. The coffins are usually inscribed (shēng guān fā cái) which means 'get promotion and get rich". The second and fourth characters are homophones of (guān cái) meaning 'coffin'. Some miniature coffins are used as caskets to hold the ashes of ancestors. People Liuzhou was the home of Li Ning (born 1963), gymnast and entrepreneur who lit the Olympic torch in Beijing in 2008. Chinese gymnast, Jiang Yuyuan was also born in Liuzhou. Liuzhou is the birthplace of Kyndall Jiasu Johnston, a prominent Chinese-American businesswoman. See also List of twin towns and sister cities in China References External links (in Chinese and English) Introduction to Liuzhou Map of Liuzhou Category:Cities in Guangxi Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Guangxi |
Leszek, Duke of Masovia Leszek of Masovia ( also Lestek) (b. ca. 1162 - d. 1186) was a Polish prince from the Piast dynasty, the Duke of Masovia from 1173 until his death. He was the only son of Bolesław IV the Curly, Duke of Masovia and High Prince of Polan, who survived father. After his father death he inherited Masovia. At the beginning, Leszek ruled under the guardianship of his uncle Casimir II the Just. He was a man of poor health. For a short time he supported his other uncle, Mieszko III the Old, but later decided to reconciled with Kazimierz II, who after Leszek's death inherited his duchy. Early life Older Polish historians, like Oswald Balzer, named him Leszko, which is now considered as incorrect. The correct form is ending with "ek". In document written in Latin Leszek was mentioned as Lizstek (1177). Most Polish historians use the version "Leszek", but some modern Polish historian started to use the version Lestek. Historian Józef Mitkowski stated that Leszek was named thanks to the courtly tradition preserved by Gallus Anonymus in his Cronicae Polonorum, but as pointed out by historian and genealogist Kazimierz Jasiński he could be named after the eldest full-brother of his father, Leszek, who died in his youth before 1131. In the past historians were unsure which wife of Bolesław IV the Curly was the mother of Leszek: the first, Wierzchosława, daughter of St. Vsevolod, Prince of Novgorod and Pskov, or the second, Maria. According to chronicler Jan Długosz Leszek was son of Ansastazja, princess of Halych and first wife of Bolesław IV. Oswald Balzer found this information false as the first wife of Bolesław IV was Wierzchosława and she was not form Halych. According to the historian Miron Korduba Leszek was son of Maria. Józef Mitkowski and Kazimierz Jasiński supposed that he was the son rather of the first than the second wife of Bolesław IV. However, after the discovery of coins where Leszek mentioned his parents as BOL (Bolesław IV the Curly) and ANA (Anastazja) it became clear that he was the son of his father's first marriage as Wiezchosława is mentioned in some sources as Anastazja. The date of Leszek's birth is unknown. According to Jan Długosz, writing in the 15th century, he was born in 1158. Historian Oswald Balzer stated that Leszek was born between 1160 and 1165. He based his argumentat on the document from 26 April 1177, where Leszek was mentioned as taking the last place among Polish princes, after Mieszko younger (Misico iunior dux). Balzer considered that Leszek was younger than Mieszko, who according to Balzer was the same as Mieszko the Younger, who was born after 1159. Balzer also considered that Leszek being a witness had to be at least 12 years old. This date proposed by Balzer had been accepted in historiography. However, argument was proven wrong as Mieszko younger mentioned in said document was shown to be instead Mieszko I Tanglefoot (born before 1147) and a prince could be mentioned in document as a witness even though he was less than 12 years old. Historian Kazimierz Jasiński, based on the tympanum from Ołbin made in 1172, supposed that at that time Leszek was around 10 years old, so he was born around 1162. These idea is accepted by some historians. Borys Paszkiewicz considered that date of birth written by Długosz could be right. Duke of Masovia and Kuyavia The death of his older brother Bolesław in 1172 left him as the only heir of his father. High Duke Bolesław IV (reportedly devastated by his first-born son's |
death) died one year later (5 January 1173), leaving Masovia (and Kuyavia, which was in the 12th century a part of Masovia) to Leszek, at the age of eleven or less. The overlordship of Poland (who included the control over Kraków and Gniezno), was taken by the eldest surviving brother of Bolesław IV, Mieszko III the Old. Accordingly, to his father's will, Leszek began his rule under the guardianship of his youngest uncle, Kazimierz II the Just. When in 1177 Kazimierz II became prince of Kraków, he nominated the magnate Żyron as a guard for Leszek, who suffered of an extremely poor health. According to older historiography, based on the information of Vasily Tatishchev, 18th-century Russian historian, Leszek fought against Prince Volodar of Minsk, who in 1180 captured Brest, which belonged to his brother-in-law, Vasilko Iaropolkovich. After a long and exhausting war, Brest ultimately wasn't recovered, and Vasilko gave all the rights over this land to Leszek. Nowadays, this account is however considered as unreliable. At some time before 1186 Leszek unexpectedly changed his dynastic politics. Under the influence of his entourage and Żyron, he decided to support his uncle Mieszko III the Old. He declared Mieszko III his guard and made a testament in which declared his cousin Mieszko the Younger, son of Mieszko III, his heir. Shortly afterwards Mieszko the Young started acting like he was already the ruler of Masovia an Kuyavia, so Leszek apologised to Kazimierz II and changed his testament by making Kazimierz II his heir. On 20 January 1185 Leszek made a big donation for the bishopric of Włocławek, including among others Słońsk and village Kowale. Death and legacy Leszek died in 1186. The day of his death is unknown. Duke Leszek, whose death is mentioned in the necrology of the abbey of St. Vincent in Wrocław on 21 November, according to historians is a different Leszek, Leszek Biały, who was killed on 24 November 1227. There is no information about wife and children of Leszek. Information provided by Kadłubek supported the theory that he died unmarried and childless According to Vasily Tatishchev, 18th-century Russian historian, citing unknown Polotsk's Latopis, Vasilko Yaropolkovich, Prince of Drohiczyn, was married to daughter of Leszek, duke of Masovia. Older historiography considered these information as reliable, correcting early a crucial fact, namely that that Vasilko married not the daughter, but a sister of Leszek. Nowadays information of Tatishchev about Vasilko Yaropolkovich is considered unreliable. There were not based on lost sources but were likely results of Tatsihchev's fabrications. According to chronicler Jan Długosz Leszek was buried in the Płock Cathedral. Długosz could take this information from some lost source, but also he could know this from an autopsy or it could be his own supposition. However, this information is considered as likely by modern historiography. Under his last will, his heir was Kazimierz II the Just. Some Polish historians (first Henryk Rutkowski) considered that after Leszek's death Mieszko III took control over western part of Kuyavia. However, there is no direct evidence in primary sources about that fact. Footnotes References Category:1160s births Category:1186 deaths Category:Dukes of Masovia |
John Baptist Lucius Noel John Baptist Lucius Noel (26 February 1890 – 12 March 1989) was an English mountaineer and filmmaker best known for his film of the 1924 Mount Everest expedition. His father, Col. Edward Noel (1852–1917), was the younger son of Charles Noel, 2nd Earl of Gainsborough. Born in Newton Abbot, Devon, England, Noel was educated in Switzerland, where he fell in love with the mountains, and at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He was baptised Baptist Lucius and added the name John by deed poll in 1908. He was commissioned into the East Yorkshire Regiment in 1909 and posted to India. Noel's regiment spent summers near the Himalayas and in 1913 he travelled in disguise into Tibet in order to approach Mount Everest. After serving in Europe during the First World War, in 1919 he lectured about his travels near Everest to the Royal Geographical Society. Sir Francis Younghusband used the occasion to call for the ascent of Mount Everest in 1921. Noel eventually became a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (FRGS). He joined the 1922 Everest expedition as its official photographer and filmmaker and produced a short film, Climbing Mount Everest (1922). In 1924, Noel formed a private company which paid for the photographic rights of that year's Everest expedition. Noel reached the North Col and used a specially adapted camera to film the ascent of the peak. A note from George Mallory to Noel was the last contact with the lost explorer before his body was discovered in 1999. The disappearance of George Mallory and Andrew Irvine added drama to the film, The Epic of Everest (1924), but it was not a commercial success. Noel brought to London a group of Tibetan monks which performed before screenings of the film; the performances of the "dancing lamas" offended Tibetan religious sensibilities and caused a breakdown in diplomatic relations between Britain and Tibet which became known as the "Affair of the Dancing Lamas" and which lasted nearly ten years. Noel lectured widely in North America and published a book about his adventures, Through Tibet to Everest (1927). After the first ascent of Everest in 1953, Noel lectured once again about the mountain and his footage and photographs appeared widely in many films and television programmes. He was also the author of two early books on handgun marksmanship. In his later years, Noel restored old houses. He had one daughter, Sandra. He died on . Sources Peter H. Hansen, ‘Noel, John Baptist Lucius (1890–1989)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 Noel, Sandra, Everest pioneer: the photographs of Captain John Noel (2003) Peter H. Hansen, "The Dancing Lamas of Everest: Cinema, Orientalism, and Anglo-Tibetan Relations in the 1920s," American Historical Review 101:3 (June 1996), pp. 712–747. Walt Unsworth, Everest (2000) Books by J.B.L. Noel How to Shoot with a Revolver, London: Forster Groom, 1918. [Riling 1865] The Automatic Pistol, London: Forster Groom, 1919. [Riling 1881] References are to Ray Riling, Guns and Shooting, a Bibliography, New York: Greenberg, 1951. External links John Noel Photographic Collection, including a biographical summary Noel, John Baptist Lucius in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Category:1890 births Category:1989 deaths Category:People from Newton Abbot Category:British mountain climbers Category:English photographers Category:English mountain climbers Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst Category:British Army personnel of World War I Category:East Yorkshire Regiment officers Category:English cinematographers Category:Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society Category:Noel family |
Fusus brevis Fusus brevis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies. Fusus brevis is a nomen dubium Description Distribution References brevis Category:Gastropods described in 1827 |
Vern Hughes (baseball) Vernon Alexander "Lefty" Hughes (April 15, 1893 – September 26, 1961) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Baltimore Terrapins of the Federal League in . External links Category:1893 births Category:1961 deaths Category:People from Etna, Pennsylvania Category:Baltimore Terrapins players Category:Major League Baseball pitchers Category:Baseball players from Pennsylvania |
Metro Now Metro Now is a joint venture of The Times of India and the Hindustan Times, and is published by the Metropolitan Media Co Ltd. It was set up by Bennett & Coleman and HT Media. Launched on 5 February 2006, it is edited by Mr. Kamlesh Singh. Brought out in tabloid format, Metro Now will target the metro commuters in Delhi, a growing population. Metro Now is the first morning tabloid. After a decade-long battle between The Times of India and the Hindustan Times, it was a surprise when they set up a joint venture, and came up with this colourful tabloid, which is targeted at readers who don't have sufficient time to read lengthy stories. It is said that the move is to counter the launch of the Delhi edition of Mumbai's DNA [Daily News & Analysis]. Sameer Kapoor, the CEO of Metropolitan Media Co Ltd, said "This product will set new benchmarks in the compact newspaper segment in India. It is aimed at the youth, age no bar. It's the newspaper for the young at heart. It has a fresh new look and a new content mix that will revive the newspaper-reading habit among the youth." 'It's fun, friendly and essentially Delhi,' added Metro Now editor Kamlesh Singh. 'Though the newspaper is city-centric, it will also have extensive coverage of India and the world. But always with a twist. It will be Delhi's perfectly balanced newspaper to go with the perfectly balanced coffee.' Metro Now has been described as the compact, international style newspaper. Metro Now published its last edition on 22 January 2009. The media house plans to print Metro Now as a weekly from January 24. It will be distributed free along with The Times of India and Hindustan Times every Saturday in Gurgaon. References https://web.archive.org/web/20081014144118/http://www.metronow.co.in/ http://www.dancewithshadows.com/media/metro-now-delhi.asp http://www.nerve.in/news:25350032697 Category:Daily newspapers published in India Category:2006 establishments in India Category:Publications established in 2006 |
Shomali Plain The Shomali Plain, also called the Shomali Valley, is a plateau just north of Kabul, Afghanistan. It is approximately 30 km wide and 80 km long. Once, it was a fertile area, rich with water, where fruits and vegetables were cultivated, and where Kabul's residents picknicked on weekends. The region was often battleground during the wars in Afghanistan since 1978. Taliban rule (1996-2001) During the rule of the Taliban (1996-2001), fighting in the Shomali Plain was relatively sparse, but the plateau was maintained as fighting frontier by Ahmad Shah Massoud and his Northern Alliance who challenged the Taliban's control over much of Afghanistan. When the Taliban retreated from the Plain in 1997, they poisoned wells, cut down trees, and destroyed the irrigation system of what was a largely Tajik area, although there are also many Pashtuns in the area. In 1999, the Taliban considered the region, especially towns such as Istalif with 45,000 residents, a liability and they razed such towns, destroyed farms, and forced hundreds of thousands of people from the region. Rebuilding since 2002 In the 2001 Afghan War, the Northern Alliance was directed to take the Shomali Plain after it secured the supply routes from the north, and wait for an international peacekeeping force to move into Kabul. They did not wait, however, because the Taliban retreated from Kabul without a fight, leaving a security vacuum, and consequently the Northern Alliance occupied Kabul without major problems. In the summer of 2002, the Taliban being driven from Afghanistan, villagers started to return to the Shomali Plain, starting to rebuild the agriculture and their houses. Late 2002, the Shomali Plain still looked mostly like a desert or destructed battleground, with hardly a bush or tree, but strewn with tank-wrecks, demolished cars, torn shipping containers, and mine fields along the main road, and was considered by the UN Mine Action Center as one of the world's most active land mine areas. By 2004, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees had put in 300 water points and resettled 14,000 families. By 2009, the Shomali Plain had become one of the relatively few prospering areas of Afghanistan. The A76 highway, running through the Shomali Plain, is militarily necessary, had been rebuilt by 2009 and was being secured, which urgency and security did not exist elsewhere in the country. That A76 runs from Kabul to Bagram and Charikar in Parwan Province, and then into the Hindu Kush mountains to the Salang Tunnel. The tunnel provides the only year-round, all-weather access to the north of Afghanistan. References Category:Landforms of Afghanistan Category:Plateaus of Asia |
Stavanger IF Fotball Stavanger IF Fotball, the football division of Stavanger Idrettsforening, is a football club from Stavanger, Norway. In Rogaland, they are colloquially called Sif or Stavanger. SIF reached the semi finals of the Norwegian Football Cup in 1912, 1914, 1929 and 1930. Its latest stint in the First Division, the second tier of the Norwegian football league system, was in 2009. The club is currently playing in 5. divisjon, the sixth tier of Norwegian football. History The club was founded 17 September 1905. They were the dominating club in Stavanger up until the 1930s, and reached the semi-finals of the Norwegian Football Cup in 1912, 1914, 1929 and 1930. One of the club's profiles from that period, Sverre Berg-Johannesen, was the first player from Rogaland to be capped for the Norway national football team. After World War Two, Viking FK took over as the dominating football club in Stavanger. SIF went on to play in lower divisions, and the club was also passed by FK Vidar (another club from Stavanger) in terms of league position and achievements in the 1980s. Per Ravn Omdal, president of the Norwegian Football Association from 1987 to 1992 and the current vice president of UEFA, started his active career with SIF. With Roger Nilsen as manager, SIF was promoted to 2. divisjon in 2006. On 25 October 2008, SIF secured promotion to 1. divisjon for the 2009 season after winning their group in 2. divisjon, but were relegated back to 2. divisjon for the 2010 season. They were promptly relegated again, to 3. divisjon in 2010. Recent seasons Stadium SIF currently play their home matches at SIF Stadion, which is located in Bekkefaret in Stavanger. Prior to the 2009 season in 1. divisjon, the stadium was upgraded with a new seated spectator stand and improved facilities for players and match officials. Unlike other stadiums in Stavanger, like Viking Stadion and Stavanger Stadion, SIF Stadion has an artificial turf. References External links Category:Football clubs in Norway Category:Sport in Stavanger Category:1905 establishments in Norway Category:Association football clubs established in 1905 it:Stavanger Idrettsforening |
Wayne Grady Wayne Desmond Grady (born 26 July 1957) is an Australian professional golfer. Born in Brisbane, Grady turned professional in 1978. He is best known for his PGA Championship win, one of golf's four majors, in 1990. He was also runner-up at The Open Championship in 1989, losing in the first four-hole playoff to Mark Calcavecchia. Grady first gained membership of U.S.-based PGA Tour at its 1984 Qualifying School, and he spent most of his career playing predominantly in America. He also played intermittently on the European Tour, picking up one win, the 1984 German Open. As of 2005 Grady is director of the PGA Tour of Australasia. He owns a golf course design business and a golf tour company, and has worked as a commentator for the BBC's televised golf coverage since 2000. Professional wins (11) PGA Tour wins (2) PGA Tour playoff record (1–1) European Tour wins (2) European Tour playoff record (0–1) PGA Tour of Australasia wins (3) Other wins (3) 1988 New South Wales PGA Championship 1989 World Cup of Golf (team, with Peter Fowler) 1993 Indonesia PGA Championship Other senior wins (2) 2007 Handa Australian Senior Open 2008 Handa Australian Senior Open Major championships Wins (1) Results timeline CUT = missed the halfway cut (3rd round cut in 1983 Open Championship) "T" indicates a tie for a place. Summary Most consecutive cuts made – 6 (1991 U.S. Open – 1992 Open Championship) Longest streak of top-10s – 1 (three times) Team appearances World Cup (representing Australia): 1978, 1983, 1989 Four Tours World Championship (representing Australasia): 1985, 1989, 1990 (winners) Dunhill Cup (representing Australia): 1989, 1990, 1991 Alfred Dunhill Challenge (representing Australasia): 1995 See also List of men's major championships winning golfers References External links Category:Australian male golfers Category:PGA Tour of Australasia golfers Category:European Tour golfers Category:PGA Tour golfers Category:PGA Tour Champions golfers Category:Winners of men's major golf championships Category:Golf writers and broadcasters Category:1957 births Category:Living people |
Southeast High School (Florida) Southeast High School is a public high school in Bradenton, FL operated by the Manatee County School District & is the only public high school in Manatee County to offer the International Baccalaureate (IB) program. Admissions Southeast High School is a public high school that takes in students from an area determined by the Manatee County School District. However, for admission into the IB program, applications are accepted through February of a student's eighth grade year. These applications consist of a 250-word essay, all report cards from middle school and the students' most recent FCAT scores in reading and mathematics. The application process is slightly different for students applying from Johnson Middle School, a local IB middle school. Awards and distinctions For the school year 2010–2011, Southeast High School scored higher on the SAT than all other high schools in the Manatee County School District. In addition, for the same school year, it was named a 5-Star school by the Department of Education. In 2012, the school was awarded a 'B' ranking by the Florida Department of Education, a full two grade levels above its previous ranking The school has also been recognized by Newsweek magazine in its annual rankings of high schools in the United States for the year of 2007 and was ranked 330 in 2006, 497 in 2007, 356 in 2008, 277 in 2009 and 512 in 2010. Activities Southeast High School has many after-school activities, which frequently earn top honors at the local, state, national and international levels. Technology Student Association (TSA) The Technology Student Association (TSA) at Southeast High School is one of the most respected programs in the nation. In 2010, a group of students in the Southeast TSA competed in a Formula One competition, winning first place in an international event in Singapore and subsequently won third place in 2011, setting a record for being a two-time top three finalist. The program has been awarded State and National grand champions on multiple occasions in the past several years. In 2018, Southeast TSA competed in the event TEAMS for their first time. They placed 1st overall in the state of Florida and won National trophy for Digital Media Production, a competition in which students were tasked in creating a promotional video as a mock sustainable consulting company. The team placed 4th overall in the nation. SkillsUSA The SkillsUSA program at Southeast High School is reigning national champions for the years 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2018 in the Broadcast New Category. This is due to the Southeast Television (SETV) program at the school. Notable alumni NFL Brian Poole, CB, Atlanta Falcons Todd Williams, OL, Tennessee Titans/Minnesota Vikings John Reeves, LB, San Diego Chargers Alphonso Roundtree, DB, Miami Dolphins Peter Warrick, WR, Cincinnati Bengals/Seattle Seahawks Adrian McPherson, QB, New Orleans Saints Reggie Green, OL, Seattle Seahawks Ukee Dozier, CB, Minnesota Vikings Bosley Allen, WR, San Francisco 49ers Keaton Cromartie, LB, Green Bay Packers Ahmad Miller, DT, New York Giants Steve Cucci, TE, Atlanta Falcons Mike Jenkins, CB, 2008 Dallas Cowboys 1st Round Draft Pick Julius Wilson, OL, Tampa Bay Buccaneers Rod Harper, WR, New Orleans Saints AJ Love, WR, Minnesota Vikings Jon Hoag, K, Oakland Raiders Damin Copeland, WR, Jacksonville Jaguars MLB Joe Mays P, Minnesota Twins (2001 MLB All Star)/Kansas City Royals/Cincinnati Reds Bruce Westbrook, P, Pittsburgh Pirates NBA Clifford Rozier, Golden State Warriors Television Sarah Glendening, All My Children and As the World Turns References External links Official School Website FHSAA Sports Records School rating and reviews School Band website Category:High schools in Manatee County, Florida Category:Public |
high schools in Florida |
Greatest Hit (...And 21 Other Pretty Cool Songs) Greatest Hit (...And 21 Other Pretty Cool Songs) is a compilation album by progressive metal band Dream Theater released in Australia on March 29, 2008, and by Rhino Records in the US on April 1. The title alludes to their only top 10 radio hit, "Pull Me Under". It features three songs from their breakthrough album Images and Words remixed by Kevin Shirley: "Pull Me Under", "Take the Time", and "Another Day". It also features the song "To Live Forever", an Awake-era re-recording of the song from the Images and Words sessions (featured as a B-side of the "Lie" single), which was previously unreleased on a full-length album. Several single edits of popular Dream Theater songs are also featured on this compilation. The songs have been divided in two discs: the first one, dubbed "The Dark Side", features heavy, metal-influenced songs, while the second one, entitled "The Light Side", spotlights the band's melodic side. The set spans the years from 1991 to 2005, therefore it doesn't include any songs from Dream Theater's debut album, When Dream and Day Unite, their A Change of Seasons EP (although it was released in 1995) or their 2007 release Systematic Chaos. Then-drummer Mike Portnoy explained in the album's booklet that the selection of songs were carefully made in order to appease both the newcomer and the already existing fan by offering up different versions of songs on other albums to "make the newcomer want to buy the albums from whence they came" and to "give different versions of songs already on other albums" to the current fan. He also suggests that a third disc should've been included called "The Epic Side". Track listing Disc one ("The Dark Side") Disc two ("The Light Side") Personnel James LaBrie – vocals John Petrucci – guitar, backing vocals John Myung – bass Mike Portnoy – drums, backing vocals Jordan Rudess – keyboards (tracks 5–11 on disc one and tracks 6–11 on disc two) Kevin Moore – keyboards (tracks 1–3 on disc one and tracks 1-4 on disc two) Derek Sherinian – keyboards, backing vocals on "Peruvian Skies" and "Hollow Years" Jay Beckenstein – saxophone on "Another Day" and "Through Her Eyes" Theresa Thomason – additional vocals on "Through Her Eyes" and "The Spirit Carries On" Song notes The versions of "As I Am" and the three songs originally released on Octavarium differ slightly from the original versions, although the album credits do not state this. "As I Am" omits the opening orchestral chord and the use of profanity, while the songs from Octavarium omit the sound effects that served as interludes between songs on the original album. On the album cover, the "s" in "Greatest" and "hit" in "Hits" are printed in a subtle shade of red, making the word "shit", as a remark on the band's known frustrations with the status of "Pull Me Under". The album artwork continues this theme, with the stain of seagull feces on an armchair printed with the Dream Theater logo. Chart positions References Category:2008 greatest hits albums Category:Dream Theater albums Category:Albums produced by Duane Baron Category:Rhino Records compilation albums |
Monte Grosso Monte Grosso is a mountain in Haute-Corse, Corsica, France, with an elevation of . It belongs to the chain of the Monte Cinto. External links Grosso Category:Landforms of Haute-Corse Grosso |
Mercedari Palace Mercedari Palace or the Palazzo Mercedari is a palace and civic and ethnographical museum in Modica, Italy. It was built in the 18th century as a convent for the Fathers of Meredari, attached to the S. Maria delle Grazie sanctuary. Today, the palace contains the library and museum. It often hosts classical music recitals. On December 18, 2004 Japanese pianist Atsuko Seta performed at the palace. References Category:Palaces in Sicily Category:Museums in Sicily Category:Modica |
Circumambulation (album) Circumambulation is the third studio album from American stoner rock band True Widow. It was released in July 2013 under Relapse Records. Track listing Personnel Dan Phillips – vocals, guitar Nicole Estill – bass, vocals Timothy "Slim" Starks – drums, percussion References External links Circumambulation by True Widow at iTunes.com Category:2013 albums Category:True Widow albums Category:Relapse Records albums |
Guillaume II Amanieu de Genève Guillaume II Amanieu de Genève (Guillaume de Gebennis) (died 13 September 1227), Archbishop of Bordeaux (1207-1227) and Seneschal of Gascony (1217-1218) was a 13th century French noble. Biography Considered to be descended from the Geniès family, Guillaume was elected in 1207 to the position of Archbishop of Bordeaux. The archbishop and primate of Bourges complained to King Philip II of France, in 1210 about the refusal of Guillaume to accept the jurisdiction of primacy of the Archbishop of Bourges, over the Archbishop of Bordeaux. The matter was raised with Pope Innocent III, who directed action against Guillaume. Guillame was involved in the Reconquista of 1212 with King Alfonso VIII of Castile. In 1217, he was appointed to the office of Seneschal of Gascony, by King Henry III of England, serving until 1218. Guillaume is known to have been in Acre, in the Holy Land in October 1221, as part of the Fifth Crusade and in 1223 at Damietta, Egypt. Travelling to Rome in 1225, he had returned to Angoulême by July 1227. Guillaume were involved in the Albigensian Crusade in 1227, before his death on 13 September 1227. References The pontifical France ... chronological and biographical history of the archbishops and bishops of all the dioceses of France. [21 flights. Flight. 1, 2are of the 2nd ed. Honored Jean P. Fisquet, 1864. Category:Year of birth unknown Category:1227 deaths Category:13th-century French people Category:Medieval French knights Category:Seneschals of Gascony Category:Christians of the Fifth Crusade |
Tom Burgess (baseball) Thomas Roland Burgess (September 1, 1927 – November 24, 2008) was a Canadian baseball player, coach and manager. An outfielder and first baseman, Burgess had two trials in Major League Baseball—a 17-game stint with the St. Louis Cardinals and a full season with the Los Angeles Angels. He then forged a long career as a minor league manager and served as a Major League coach with the New York Mets () and Atlanta Braves (). In his playing days, he threw and batted left-handed and stood tall and weighed . A native of London, Ontario, Burgess attended the University of Western Ontario. He first signed with the Cardinals in , making his debut with the Hamilton Red Wings of the Class D PONY League. Despite compiling a robust .350 batting average in in the Class C Interstate League, by Burgess was voluntarily retired and spent three seasons with the London Majors of the Canadian Intercounty Baseball League. He resumed his pro playing career in in the Class A South Atlantic League and batted .328, then continued his hot hitting in , batting .346 with 22 home runs and 93 runs batted in with the Cards' top farm team, the Rochester Red Wings of the Triple-A International League. That earned him a promotion to St. Louis for the start of the 1954 campaign, but Burgess collected only one hit—a double off Paul LaPalme of the Pittsburgh Pirates on June 13—in 21 at bats, an .048 batting average, before being sent back to Rochester. Burgess spent the next seven seasons in the International League, with Rochester and the Columbus Jets, and then was acquired by the expansion Angels in their maiden season, . He spent that year with the Triple-A Dallas-Fort Worth Rangers of the American Association, then made the 25-man roster of the 1962 Angels. He appeared in 87 games and batted 143 times over the course of a full season, but could muster only a .196 batting average. By 1963, he was back in the International League for his final pro season. All told, Burgess batted .177 with 29 hits, two home runs and 14 RBI in 104 Major League games. He returned to the game as a manager in the farm systems of the Cardinals, Braves, Mets, Texas Rangers and Detroit Tigers in the 1970s and 1980s. He managed in Triple-A with the Tidewater Tides, Richmond Braves, Oklahoma City 89ers and Charleston Charlies, and among his achievements won championships in the Appalachian League, Texas League and the California League. During his 1977 campaign with the Mets, he was the third-base coach on the staff of Joe Frazier and Joe Torre and, the following year, served under Bobby Cox in Atlanta. He was named to the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame, the London (Ontario) Sports Hall of Fame, and the Rochester Red Wings Hall of Fame. Burgess died from complications due to cancer on November 24, 2008, in Lambeth, London, Ontario. References Marcin, Joe, and Byers, Dick, eds., The Baseball Register, 1977 edition. St. Louis: The Sporting News. External links Venezuelan Professional Baseball League statistics Obituary, from the London Free Press Category:1927 births Category:2008 deaths Category:Allentown Cardinals players Category:Atlanta Braves coaches Category:Baseball infielders Category:Baseball outfielders Category:Baseball people from Ontario Category:Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame inductees Category:Canadian expatriate baseball people in the United States Category:Canadian expatriate baseball players in the United States Category:Deaths from cancer in Ontario Category:Caribbean Series players Category:Columbus Cardinals players Category:Columbus Jets players Category:Dallas-Fort Worth Rangers players Category:Hamilton Cardinals players Category:Leones del Caracas players Category:London Majors players Category:Los Angeles Angels players Category:Major League Baseball first |
basemen Category:Major League Baseball outfielders Category:Major League Baseball players from Canada Category:Major League Baseball third base coaches Category:Minor league baseball managers Category:New York Mets coaches Category:Norfolk Tides managers Category:Omaha Cardinals players Category:Richmond Virginians (minor league) players Category:Rochester Red Wings players Category:Sportspeople from London, Ontario Category:St. Louis Cardinals players Category:University of Western Ontario alumni |
M'Bala Nzola M'Bala Nzola (born 18 August 1996) is a French professional footballer who plays as a striker for Italian club Spezia on loan from Trapani. Career On 28 January 2015, Nzola made his professional debut with Académica de Coimbra in a 2014–15 Taça da Liga match against FC Porto, coming on as a substitute in the 4–1 away loss. On 7 August 2016, he joined Lega Pro club Virtus Francavilla Calcio. On 7 August 2017, after helping Virtus Francavilla Calcio reach the Lega Pro promotion play-offs, Nzola signed a four-years deal with Carpi F.C. 1909. On 16 August 2018, he joined Serie C club Trapani on a season-long loan. Trapani held the obligation to purchase him from Carpi at the end of the loan term in case of Trapani's promotion into Serie B. On the 15th of June he scored the first goal for the Trapani victory over Piacenza, and after that Trapani was promoted in Serie B after 2 years of Serie C. On 13 January 2020, he joined Serie B club Spezia on loan with an option to purchase. References External links Category:1996 births Category:Living people Category:People from Troyes Category:French people of Angolan descent Category:French footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players Category:Sertanense F.C. players Category:Virtus Francavilla Calcio players Category:Carpi F.C. 1909 players Category:Trapani Calcio players Category:Spezia Calcio players Category:Campeonato de Portugal (league) players Category:Serie B players Category:Serie C players Category:French expatriate footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in Portugal Category:Expatriate footballers in Italy Category:Sportspeople from Aube |
Moord in het Modehuis Moord in het Modehuis is a 1946 Dutch film directed by Alfred Mazure. It was based on his own comic strip Dick Bos and the third cinematic adaptation of this popular series. Cast Maurice van Nieuwenhuizen ... Dick Bos Adolphe Engers ... Keukenchef Alfred Mazure George Mazure Piet Leenhouls ... Nemesis Mia Bolleurs Piet van der Ham Sources Category:Dutch films Category:1946 films Category:Dutch black-and-white films Category:Dutch crime films Category:Films based on Dutch comics Category:Live-action films based on comics Category:Films set in the Netherlands Category:Films shot in the Netherlands Category:1940s crime films |
Sanford Ross Sanford Ross (January 25, 1907 – March 1, 1954) was an American realist painter and printmaker. His urban and rural scenes of the 1930s bore the influence of Charles Burchfield and Edward Hopper. His later work focused on the landscape and rural life of Vermont where he lived at the time of his death. Biography Early life and work Born in Newark, New Jersey, Ross was one of two children of a well-off, upper-class family. His parents were Pierre Sanford Ross Jr., a civil engineer, and his wife Helen Halsey. His grandparents were New York socialites P. Sanford Ross and Kate Ostrom Van Court. He attended the Taft School in Watertown, Connecticut. Demonstrating an early talent in art, he studied at the Art Students League of New York under Thomas Hart Benton in 1928 and under George Luks in 1929. He also studied lithography with Adolf Dehn. He entered Princeton University in 1930 but chose to leave a year later to pursue a career in art. He held his initial solo exhibitions at the Macbeth Gallery in New York in 1932-1933 to early critical approval of his American scene painting. Subsequently, he showed regularly in New York at Rheinhart and Leeman and at the Van Diemen-Lilienfeld Galleries. His lithographic themes in this period were of rural roads stretching toward distant destinations and sometimes "impish and sardonic" depictions of New Jersey mansions. His caricature of the Long Branch millionaire Solomon Guggenheim's lavish, Moorish-style summer home, Aladdin's Palace, recalled by one historian as "unrivaled for sheer vulgar exhibitionism and bad taste," was featured in the Sunday New York Times in March 1932. Interviewed by Arts Magazine, (then Art Digest) in 1932, he expressed particular preference for Benton, Edward Hopper, Boardman Robinson and in portraiture, Eugene Speicher. In 1933 he was commissioned by Fortune magazine to make watercolor illustrations for an article on the grand homes of Newport Rhode Island and in 1935 for an article on the Saratoga racing scene. He was a WPA artist in Connecticut in 1933. His works of the 1930s show clear influences of Precisionism, Regionalism and the Ashcan School. His work was included in the special 1938 edition of PM magazine that reproduced the best American prints of the previous five years, and in the Whitney Museum Annual Exhibition of Contemporary American Art in 1940. Travel in the 1930s An avid sportsman and photographer who occasionally contributed articles to Country Life, Ross regularly engaged in deep sea fishing. In December 1936 he left the United States to spend three months fishing in New Zealand, then traveled through Asia to present-day Kenya where he hunted big game on safari. Returning in the fall of 1937, he produced a series of watercolors of Africa that subsequently toured the United States as an exhibit under the auspices of the American Federation of Arts. Later life In 1947 he married Rebecca Brock Hughes. Along with her three young daughters of a previous marriage, they moved to a farm he had purchased near Barnard, Vermont. Their son Nicholas was born in 1950. In this rural setting well away from the New York galleries, Ross devoted himself to painting watercolors and oils of Vermont including scenes of ordinary farm work. Dorothy Thompson, who owned a farm adjoining his, was a close friend as were other writers, intellectuals and artists who relocated from New York and war-ravaged Europe to that part of Vermont. Physically unqualified to serve in the military due to a permanent ankle injury, Ross spent the war years in Vermont, occasionally teaching art at nearby Dartmouth College. A senior |
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