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Summer Hill 's shopping precinct is centred around a small town square with good pedestrian access , and is surrounded by cafés and restaurants along Lackey and Smith Streets . The suburb is very small by Australian standards , having a population of just over 6000 , in an area of 110 hectares . It features some fine examples of architecture from the 19th and early 20th century .
The Summer Hill flour mill was built circa 1922 , utilising the north @-@ south goods railway line that was constructed during World War 1 . The silos were added from the 1950s onwards . The flour mill has been owned by various companies , including Mungo Scott , and Goodman Fielder , and then Allied Mills . In October 2007 , the mills were sold to a developer , EG Funds Management , who plans to redevelop the mill site into a residential and commercial precinct .
= = Transport = =
In the 2011 census , for people travelling to work from this suburb , 34 % travelled in a car as the driver , 34 % took the train , 5 % walked , 4 % took the bus and train and 3 % took the bus . Summer Hill is close to the main thoroughfares of Liverpool Road and Parramatta Road ; although they are quite congested at peak times .
From 1915 , Summer Hill was served by trams from Hurlstone Park . Trams left New Canterbury Road and went down Prospect Road , then swung right onto Smith Street . They turned onto Lackey Street , where they went right and terminated at the station . Low usage and rival buses saw the line closed in 1933 , however some remains can be seen .
Summer Hill railway station is located on the Airport , Inner West & South Line of the Sydney Trains network . The railway station was opened on 15 September 1879 , and most of the local shops are clustered close to the station . Travelling towards the city , the railway stops in order are Lewisham , Petersham , Stanmore , Newtown , Macdonaldtown , Redfern , Central , and Town Hall . Travelling west towards Strathfield , the stops are Ashfield , Croydon , Burwood , Strathfield and Homebush . A renovation and easy access upgrade of the railway station was completed in 2004 .
There are two stations serving Summer Hill on the Dulwich Hill Line of Sydney 's light rail network . These are - Lewisham West ( adjacent to the former flour mill on the border with Lewisham ) and Taverners Hill ( near Parramatta Road ) . Access to the city is quicker by train , but the light rail may be used for some cross @-@ regional journeys . It also interchanges with Dulwich Hill railway station on the Bankstown Line .
There are four Sydney Buses routes that service the area — the 480 and 483 follow routes along Parramatta Road and then Liverpool Road , the 461 travels along Parramatta Road and the 413 travels along Junction Road .
The area is also gradually becoming more bicycle friendly , with several bicycle paths in the suburb . A local group , " Friends of the Greenway " wish to see a bicycle and walking corridor built alongside the light rail .
= = Population = =
= = = Demographics = = =
In the 2011 census , the population of the Summer Hill was 6 @,@ 587 , in an area of 1 @.@ 1 square kilometres . The population was 52 % females , 48 % males . 42 % of the population was born overseas with China ( 6 % ) , England ( 4 % ) and New Zealand ( 3 % ) the most common . The five strongest religious affiliations in the area were in descending order : no religion ( 34 % ) , Catholic ( 25 % ) , Anglican ( 11 % ) , Buddhism ( 4 % ) and Hinduism ( 3 % ) . The majority of dwelling were flats , units or apartments ( 57 % ) followed by separate houses ( 24 % ) and semi @-@ detached , terrace houses , or townhouses ( 17 % ) .
= = = Notable residents = = =
Notable people to have been born or lived in Summer Hill include :
Normand Henry Baker ( 1908 – 1955 ) , Archibald Prize winning artist .
Dr John Belisario ( 1820 – 1900 ) , dentist at the later end of the 19th century , recorded as living in Summer Hill in the 1891 census ; first dentist in Australia to administer ether to a patient to carry out dental work .
Colonel Matron Kathleen Best ( 1910 – 1957 ) , first director of the Women 's Australian Army Corps .
David Elphinstone ( 1847 – 1916 ) , architect and builder .
Virginia Gay , All Saints actress and contestant on It Takes Two
Justice Greg James ( born 1944 ) , former judge of the Supreme Court of NSW .
Edwin Johnson ( 1835 – 1894 ) , education reformer , undersecretary to the Department of Public Instruction .
Ninian Melville Jnr ( 1843 – 1897 ) , local furniture maker and member of the NSW Parliament who also became Mayor of Newtown and later Ashfield .
John Paton ( 1833 – 1914 ) , winner of the Victoria Cross for bravery in India in 1857 ; a Summer Hill park is named after him .
Arthur Streeton ( 1867 – 1943 ) , Australian artist who briefly lived in Summer Hill .
Ian <unk> QC ( born 1942 ) , first head of the New South Wales Independent Commission Against Corruption .
Rt Hon Sir Cyril Walsh ( 1909 – 1973 ) , lawyer and Justice of the High Court of Australia .
Simon Carter , member of the Australian rock band The Cops .
Emmet Burns , Irish Athlete lived here from 1988 – 90
Robert Barbour , ( 1827 – 1895 ) , Politician .
= = Politics = =
Summer Hill is in the safe Labor federal electoral division of <unk> . This seat has been held continuously by Labor ( ALP ) since it was proclaimed in 1949 . It has been held by current member Anthony Albanese since 1996 . Anthony Albanese held various ministerial appointments under the Rudd and Gillard <unk> , eventually becoming Deputy Prime Minister . During the 2010 Federal election , Greens candidate former Marrickville Mayor Sam Byrne , received 45 % of the vote in comparison to Albanese 's 54 % . At the 2013 election , Albanese received over 70 % of the two party preferred vote , making it currently the ALP 's safest seat in the country .
For NSW state elections , Summer Hill is in the Electoral district of Summer Hill , which was created in 2015 . It is held by Jo <unk> of the Australian Labor Party .
Local political issues include :
Proposed construction of the M4 East , diverting traffic from Parramatta Road , and which construction option should be used .
Opposition to plans that would result in an increase in traffic at Sydney Airport , and thus more aircraft noise .
Concern over the proposed new supermarket building , and whether it is in keeping with the local shopping area .
The expansion of the Trinity school , including the demolition of housing and development of a new aquatic centre on Prospect Rd , and proposed increase in student numbers ,
Another community concern is the proposed high @-@ rise re @-@ development of the Mungo Scott flour mill .
= = Summer Hill Rainbow Crossing = =
On April 14 , 2013 , in response to the removal of the Rainbow Crossing in Oxford St , Darlinghurst , parents and children from several local schools chalked a rainbow in the public square at Summer Hill , as part of the DIY Rainbow Crossing movement .
On April 15 , 2013 , Ashfield Council workers removed the rainbow . After media attention , council issued a statement labelling it a slip hazard and requested a permit be obtained before it could be re @-@ chalked . The events were covered in The Daily Telegraph , The Australian , Perth Now , and on <unk> FM .
On April 17 , 2013 , it was <unk> by more than 100 people , including local councillor , Alex Lofts . On April 18 , it was again removed , only to be re @-@ chalked . Since that date it has remained chalked . A group of families and supporters continue to chalk the rainbow , especially after rain . This group has also ensured the area remains free of litter ; they also hold occasional performances and arts @-@ related celebrations at the site . Some local businesses have offered discounts and support for the rainbow , these display a logo with a stylised image of the rainbow crossing on it .
At an Ashfield Council meeting on 28 May 2013 the council passed a motion that a permanent outline of a rainbow be painted in Summer Hill Square , with the understanding that this may be periodically ' chalked in ' by children , families and community members .
The Summer Hill Rainbow Crossing has a following on Twitter , @ <unk> , and on Facebook .
= Bill Bradley =
William Warren " Bill " Bradley ( born July 28 , 1943 ) is an American Hall of Fame basketball player , Rhodes scholar , and former three @-@ term Democratic U.S. Senator from New Jersey . He ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic Party 's nomination for President in the 2000 election .
Bradley was born and raised in Crystal City , Missouri , a suburb of St. Louis , and excelled at basketball from an early age . He was a member of the Boy Scouts , did well academically and was an all @-@ county and all @-@ state basketball player in high school . He was offered 75 college scholarships , but declined them all to attend Princeton University . He earned a gold medal as a member of the 1964 Olympic basketball team and was the NCAA Player of the Year in 1965 , when Princeton finished third in the NCAA Tournament . After graduating in 1965 , he attended Oxford on a Rhodes Scholarship , delaying a decision for two years on whether or not to play in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .
While at Oxford , Bradley played one season of professional basketball in Europe , and eventually decided to join the New York Knicks in the 1967 – 68 season , after serving six months in the Air Force Reserve . He spent his entire ten @-@ year professional basketball career playing for the Knicks , winning two championship titles . Retiring in 1977 , he ran for a seat in the United States Senate the following year , from his adopted home state of New Jersey . He was re @-@ elected in 1984 and 1990 , left the Senate in 1997 , and was an unsuccessful candidate for the 2000 Democratic presidential nomination .
Bradley is the author of seven non @-@ fiction books , most recently We Can All Do Better , and hosts a weekly radio show , American Voices , on Sirius Satellite Radio . He is a corporate director of Starbucks and a partner at investment bank Allen & Company in New York City .
In 2008 Bradley was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame .
= = Early life = =
Bradley was born on July 28 , 1943 in Crystal City , Missouri , the only child of Warren ( d . 1994 ) , who despite leaving high school after a year had become a bank president , and Susan " Susie " ( née Crowe ) Bradley ( d . 1995 ) , a teacher and former high school @-@ basketball player . Politicians and politics were standard dinner @-@ table topics in Bradley 's childhood , and he described his father as a " solid Republican " who was an elector for Thomas E. Dewey in the 1948 presidential election . An active Boy Scout , he became an Eagle Scout and member of the Order of the Arrow .
Bradley began playing basketball at the age of nine . He was a star at Crystal City High School , where he scored 3 @,@ 068 points in his scholastic career , was twice named All @-@ American , and was elected to the Missouri Association of Student Councils . He received 75 college scholarship offers , although he applied to only five schools and only scored a 485 out of 800 on the Verbal portion of the SAT , which — despite being likely in the top third of all test takers that year — normally would have caused selective schools like Princeton University to reject him .
Bradley 's basketball ability benefited from his height — 5 ' 9 " in the 7th grade , 6 ' 1 " in the 8th grade , and his adult size of 6 ' 5 " by the age of 15 — and unusually wide peripheral vision , which he worked to improve by focusing on faraway objects while walking . During his high school years , Bradley maintained a rigorous practice schedule , a habit he carried through college . He would work on the court for " three and a half hours every day after school , nine to five on Saturday , one @-@ thirty to five on Sunday , and , in the summer , about three hours a day . He put ten pounds of lead slivers in his sneakers , set up chairs as opponents and dribbled in a slalom fashion around them , and wore <unk> frames that had a piece of cardboard taped to them so that he could not see the floor , for " a good dribbler never looks at the ball . "
= = Basketball = =
= = = College = = =
Considered the top high school player in the country , Bradley initially chose to attend Duke University in the fall of 1961 . However , after breaking his foot in the summer of 1961 during a baseball game and thinking about his college decision outside of basketball , Bradley decided to enroll at Princeton due to its record in preparing students for government or United States Foreign Service work . He had been awarded a scholarship at Duke , but not at Princeton ; the Ivy League does not allow its members to award athletic scholarships , and Bradley 's family 's wealth disqualified him from receiving financial aid .
Bradley 's childhood hero Dick Kazmaier had won the Heisman Trophy at Princeton , and he wore # 42 in his honor . In his freshman year , Bradley averaged more than 30 points per game for the freshman team , at one point making 57 consecutive free throws , breaking a record set by a member of the NBA 's Syracuse Nationals . The following year , as a sophomore , he was a varsity starter in Butch van Breda Kolff 's first year as coach of the Tigers .
In his sophomore year Bradley scored 40 points in an 82 – 81 loss to St. Joseph 's and was named to The Sporting News All @-@ American first team in early 1963 . The coach of the St. Louis Hawks believed he was ready to play professional basketball . The AP and United Press International polls both put Bradley on the second team , establishing him as the top sophomore player in the country ; Bradley also hit .316 as a first baseman for the baseball team . The following year The Sporting News again named him to its All @-@ American team as its only junior , and as its player of the year . At the Olympic basketball trials in April 1964 , Bradley played guard instead of his usual forward position but was still a top performer . He was one of three chosen unanimously for the Olympic team , the youngest chosen , and the only undergraduate . The Olympic team won its sixth consecutive gold medal .
As a senior and team captain in the 1964 – 1965 season , Bradley became a household name . Only the third tallest on his team , but called " easily the No. 1 player in college basketball today " , " the best amateur basketball player in the United States " , and " The White Oscar Robertson " , he scored 41 points in an 80 – 78 loss to Michigan and their star player Cazzie Russell in the 1964 ECAC Holiday Basketball Final at Madison Square Garden , then led Princeton to the NCAA Final Four after defeating heavy favorite Providence and Jimmy Walker by 40 points . The team then lost to Michigan in the semifinals , but Bradley scored a record 58 points in the consolation game to lead the team to victory against Wichita State and earn himself the Final Four MVP . In total , Bradley scored 2 @,@ 503 points at Princeton , averaging 30 @.@ 2 points per game . He was awarded the 1965 James E. Sullivan Award , presented annually to the United States ' top amateur athlete , the first basketball player to win the honor , and the second Princeton student to win the award , after runner Bill Bonthron in 1934 .
Bradley holds a number of Ivy League career records , including total and average points ( 1 @,@ 253 / 29 @.@ 83 , respectively ) , and free throws made and attempted ( 409 / 468 , 87 @.@ 4 % ) . Ivy League season records he holds similarly include total and average points ( 464 / 33 @.@ 14 , 1964 ) and most free throws made ( 153 in 170 attempts , 90 @.@ 0 % , 1962 – 1963 ) . He also holds the career point record at Princeton and many other school records , including the top ten slots in the category of total points scored in a game , but likely could have scored many more points if he had not insisted so often on passing the ball , in what his coaches called " Bradley 's hope passes " , to inferior teammates closer to the basket ; he only emphasized his own scoring when Princeton was behind or , as during the Wichita State game , his teammates forced Bradley to shoot by returning passes to him . Van Breda Kolff often encouraged Bradley to be more of a " one on one " player , stating that " Bill is not hungry . At least ninety percent of the time , when he gets the ball , he is looking for a pass . "
Van Breda Kolff described Bradley as " not the most physical player . Others can run faster and jump higher . The difference ... is self @-@ discipline . " At Princeton he had three to four hours of classes and four hours of basketball practice daily , studied an average of seven hours each weekday and up to 24 more hours each weekend , frequently spoke for the Fellowship of Christian Athletes around the country , and taught Sunday School at the local Presbyterian Church . When practicing he did not move from a location on the court unless he made at least ten of 13 shots , and could detect whether a basket was an inch too low from the regulation ten feet .
Improving from his mediocre freshman grades , Bradley graduated magna cum laude after writing his senior thesis about Harry S. Truman 's 1940 United States Senate campaign , titled " On That Record I Stand " , and received a Rhodes Scholarship at Worcester College , University of Oxford . His tenure at Princeton was the subject of Pulitzer Prize @-@ winning author John McPhee 's January 23 , 1965 article " A Sense of Where You Are " in The New Yorker , which McPhee expanded into a book of the same name . The title came from Bradley 's explanation for his ability to repeatedly throw a basketball over his shoulder and into the basket while looking away from it .
= = = Professional = = =
Bradley 's graduation year , 1965 , was the last year that the NBA 's territorial rule was in effect , which gave professional teams first rights to draft players who attended college within 50 miles of the team . The New York Knicks — one mile closer to Princeton than the Philadelphia 76ers — drafted Bradley as a territorial pick in the 1965 draft , but he did not sign a contract with the team immediately . While studying Politics , Philosophy , and Economics at Oxford , he commuted to Italy to play professional basketball in the Lega Basket Serie A for Olimpia Milano during the 1965 – 66 season , where the team won a European Champions Cup .
Bradley dropped out of Oxford two months prior to graduation in April 1967 , to go into the Air Force Reserves . After serving six months active duty as an officer ( the requirement was four years active duty ) , he joined the New York Knicks in December 1967 . The following year Oxford let Bradley take " special exams " and he graduated Oxford in 1968 . ( On March 6 , 1967 , Lyndon B. Johnson in a Special Message to the Congress on Selective Service , declared that he would be issuing an Executive Order that no deferments for post @-@ graduate study be granted in the future , except for those men pursuing medical and dental courses . )
In Bradley 's rookie season , he joined the team late , having also missed the entire preseason . He was placed in the back court , although he had spent his high school and college careers as a forward . Both he and the team did not do well , and in the following season , he was returned to the forward slot . Then , in his third season , the Knicks won their first @-@ ever NBA championship , followed by the second in the 1972 – 73 season , when he made the only All @-@ Star Game appearance of his career . Over 742 NBA games – all with the Knicks – Bradley scored a total of 9 @,@ 217 points , an average of 12 @.@ 4 points per game , with his best season average being 16 @.@ 1 points per game in the 1972 – 73 season . Bradley also averaged 3 @.@ 4 assists per game .
During his NBA career , Bradley used his fame on the court to explore social as well as political issues , meeting with journalists , government officials , academics , businesspeople , and social activists . He also worked as an assistant to the director of the Office of Economic Opportunity in Washington , D.C. , and as a teacher in the street academies of Harlem . In 1976 , he also became an author by publishing Life on the Run . Using a 20 @-@ day stretch of time during one season as the main focus of the book , he chronicled his experiences in the NBA and the people he met along the way . He noted in the book that he had initially signed only a four @-@ year contract , and that he was uncomfortable using his celebrity status to earn extra money endorsing products as other players did .
Retiring from basketball in 1977 , he was elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1983 , along with teammate Dave DeBusschere . In 1984 , the Knicks retired his number 24 jersey ; he was the fourth player so honored by the Knicks , after Willis Reed , Walt Frazier , and DeBusschere . He is one of only two players , along with Manu Ginóbili , to have won a Euroleague title , an NBA championship , and an Olympic gold medal .
= = Politics = =
Politics was a frequent subject of discussion in the Bradley household , and some of his relatives held local and county political offices . He majored in history at Princeton , and was present in the Senate chamber when the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed . Van Breda Kolff and many others who knew him predicted that Bradley would be Governor of Missouri , or President , by 40 . He spent his time at Oxford focusing on European political and economic history . In 1978 , he said that congressman Mo Udall , himself a former professional basketball player , had told him ten years earlier that professional sports could help prepare him for politics , depending on what he did with his non @-@ playing time .
= = = U.S. Senate = = =
After four years of political campaigning for Democratic candidates around New Jersey , Bradley decided in the summer of 1977 to run for the Senate himself , coinciding with his retirement from the Knicks . He felt his time had been well @-@ spent in " paying his dues " . The seat was held by liberal Republican and four @-@ term incumbent Clifford P. Case . Case lost the primary election to anti @-@ tax conservative Jeffrey Bell , who , like Bradley , was 34 years old as the campaign season began . Bradley won the seat in the general election with about 56 percent of the vote . During the campaign , Yale football player John Spagnola was Bradley 's bodyguard and driver .