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= = = = Designs by Norm Breyfogle = = = =
Anarky 's costume has undergone several phases in design , the first two of which were created by Norm Breyfogle , in accordance with Grant 's suggestions . The original costume was composed of a large , flowing red robe , over a matching red jumpsuit . A red , wide brimmed hat baring the circle @-@ A insignia ; a golden , metallic face mask ; and red hood , completed the outfit . The folds of the robe concealed various weapons and gadgets . Breyfogle later expressed that the color scheme chosen held symbolic purpose . The red robes " represented the blood of all the innocents sacrificed in war . " The gold cane , face mask , and circle @-@ A symbol represented purity and spirituality . The connection to spirituality was also emphasized through the hat and loose fabric , which mimicked that of a priest . Breyfogle believed the loose clothes " [ went ] better with a wide @-@ brimmed hat . It 's more of a colloquial style of clothing ... " However , observers have noted that Breyfogle 's Christian upbringing may have also inspired the " priestly analogy . "
This costume was also designed to disguise Anarky 's height , and so included a " head extender " under his hood , which elongated his neck . This design was also intended to create a subtle awkwardness that the reader would subconsciously suspect as being fake , until the reveal at the end of Anarky 's first appearance . Despite the revelation of this false head , which would no longer serve its intended purpose at misdirecting the reader , the head extender was included in several return appearances , while at irregular times other artists drew the character without the extender . This discontinuity in the character 's design ended when Breyfogle finally eliminated this aspect of the character during the 1997 limited series , expressing that the character 's height growth had ended its usefulness . In reality , Breyfogle 's decision was also as a result of the difficulty the design presented , being " awkward [ to draw ] in action situations . "
Anarky 's second costume was used during the 1999 ongoing Anarky series . It retained the red jumpsuit , gold mask , and hat , but excised the character 's red robes . New additions to the costume included a red cape , a utility belt modeled after Batman 's utility belt , and a single , large circle @-@ A across the chest , akin to Superman 's iconic " S " shield . The golden mask was also redesigned as a reflective , but flexible material that wrapped around Anarky 's head , allowing for the display of facial movement and emotion . This had previously been impossible , as the first mask was made of inflexible metal . Being a relatively new creation , Breyfogle encountered no editorial resistance in the new character design : " Because [ Anarky ] doesn 't have 50 years of merchandising behind him , I can change his costume whenever I want ... " Within the Anarky series , secondary costumes were displayed in Anarky 's base of operations . Each was slightly altered in design , but followed the same basic theme of color , jumpsuit , cloak , and hat . These were designed for use in various situations , but only one , a " universal battle suit " , was used during the brief series . These suits were also intended to be seen in the unpublished ninth issue of the series .
= = = = Post @-@ Breyfogle designs = = = =
In 2005 , James Peaty 's Green Arrow story , " Anarky in the USA " , featured a return to some of the costume elements used prior to the Anarky series . Drawn by Eric Battle , the circle @-@ A chest icon was removed in favor of a loose fabric jumpsuit completed with a flowing cape . The flexible mask was replaced with the previous , unmoving metallic mask , but illustrated with a new reflective quality . This design element was used at times to reflect the face of someone Anarky looked at , creating a mirroring of a person 's emotions upon Anarky 's own mask . This same effect was later reused in two issues of Red Robin . For the usurpation of the " Anarky " mantle by Ulysses Armstrong , Freddie Williams II illustrated a new costume design for Armstrong that featured several different design elements . While retaining the primary colors of gold and red , the traditional hat was replaced with a hood , and a new three @-@ piece cuirass with shoulder guards and leather belt was added . The mask was also altered from an expressionless visage to a menacing grimace . This design was later re @-@ illustrated by Marcus To in the Red Robin series , but with a new color scheme in which red was replaced with black .
= = = = Alternative media designs = = = =
In attempting to present the character as a figurative mirror to Batman , the costume worn by Anarky in Beware the Batman was radially redesigned as entirely white , in contrast to Batman 's black Batsuit . It consists of a tightly worn jumpsuit , cape , hood , flexible mask with white @-@ eye lenses , and a utility belt . Upon the chest is a small , stylized circle @-@ A in black . The design was negatively compared by reviewers to the longstanding design for Moon Knight , a Marvel Comics superhero .
The costume redesign for Anarky in Batman : Arkham Origins , while stylized , attempted to thematically highlight the character 's anarchist sentiments by updating his appearance utilizing black bloc iconography . Donning a red puffer flight jacket , hoodie and cargo pants , the character sported gold accents decorating his black belt , backpack and combat boots , and completed this with an orange bandana wrapped below his neck . His metallic mask was replaced with a white theatrical stage mask , evocative of the Guy Fawkes mask made popular among protesters by V for Vendetta and Anonymous . The jacket is itself emblazoned with a painted circle @-@ A. " He looks like a street protester in our game , " commented Eric Holmes , the creative director of the game , " and there 's no accident to that . " This design was later used as model for a DC Collectibles figure , released as part of a series based on villains featured in the game .
= = Reception = =
= = = Impact on creators = = =
In the years that followed the creation of Anarky , both Norm Breyfogle and Alan Grant experienced changes in their personal and professional lives which they attributed to that collaboration . Each man acknowledged the primary impact of the character to have been on their mutual friendship and intellectual understanding . In particular , their time developing the Anarky series led to a working relationship centered on esoteric debate , discussion , and mutual respect .
Over time , Anarky emerged as each man 's favorite character , with Grant wishing he could emulate the character , and remarking that " Anarky in Gotham City " was the most personal story he had ever written , and the foremost among his three favorite stories he had ever written for the Batman mythos . Of Breyfogle , Grant complimented that the former " draws Anarky as if he loves the character . " While Breyfogle acknowledged that Anarky was his favorite of the creations they collaborated on , he felt that his own appreciation was not as great as Grant 's , commenting that Anarky was " Alan 's baby " .
With the cancellation of the Anarky series , and the eventual departure of each artist from DC Comics — first by Grant , followed by Breyfogle — their mutual career paths split , and Anarky entered into a period of obscurity . During this period , Breyfogle came to suspect that the treatment each man , and Anarky , had received from their former employer was suspect . While acknowledging that he lacked evidence , he held a " nagging feeling " that he and Grant had each been " blacklisted " from DC Comics as a result of the controversial views expressed in the Anarky series ' second volume .
While professing that Anarky was the character for whom he was proudest , and that the character 's narratives were among his best achievements for the amount of reaction they generated among readers , the character was also a source of some regret for Grant . Reflecting on his early secret plan to transform Lonnie Machin into a new Robin , Grant has stated that though he came to appreciate the character of Tim Drake , he occasionally experiences " <unk> of regret that Anarky wasn ’ t chosen as the new sidekick for comics ' greatest hero . " Grant has also stated that he attempted to distance himself from the direction of Anarky following his termination from DC Comics , and actively tried to avoid learning about the fate of Anarky and other characters he had come to care about . He often found himself disappointed to see how some characters were used or , as he felt , were mismanaged . Grant later joked on his disillusion in the handling of Anarky , " if you create something that 's close to your heart and you don 't own it , ' Oh woe is me ! ' " In 2011 , DC Comics initiated a special DC Retroactive series of comics , exploring different periods in the publication history of popular characters . Both Grant and Breyfogle were invited to participate , and collaborated to reproduce a story in the style of their classic Batman : Shadow of the Bat series . Grant chose to author a story featuring the Ventriloquist . However , he had been tempted to author a story featuring Anarky , only reconsidering the idea on the basis that his disassociation from the character had left him unfamiliar with what had become of Anarky 's canonical status at the time .
As Anarky was created while Grant and Breyfogle were operating under " work @-@ for @-@ hire " rules , DC Comics owns all rights to the Anarky character . Following the cancellation of the Anarky series , both men attempted to buy the rights to Anarky from the company , but their offer was declined .
= = = <unk> reaction = = =
When an interviewer commented that Anarky was popular among fans in 2003 , in the midst of the character 's period of obscurity , Norm Breyfogle offered a caveat : " Well , in certain segments of the comic book industry , I suppose . " Breyfogle continued , " It has some diehard fans . But , DC doesn 't seem to want to do anything with him . Maybe it 's because of his anti @-@ authoritarian philosophy , a very touchy subject in today 's world . "
The sense that Anarky is appreciated by certain fans is one shared by Alan Grant , who noted that the character 's stories routinely generated more reader mail than any other he wrote . Commenting on the popularity of the Anarky series , Grant acknowledged the failure of the series , but pointed out that it was very popular among some readers : " It wasn 't terribly popular in the States , although I received quite a few letters ( especially from philosophy students ) saying the comic had changed their entire mindset . But Anarky was very popular in South America , where people have had a long and painful taste of totalitarianism , in a way the US is just entering . "
Sales of the Anarky limited series were high enough to green light an ongoing series , with Breyfogle commenting , " [ it ] did well enough so that DC is willing to listen to Alan ’ s idea for a sequel if we wanted to pitch them . " However , despite the sales , Grant was still concerned the character lacked enough support among fans to sustain an ongoing series . While the ongoing series did find an audience amongst Latin American nations — Mexico and Argentina in particular — it failed in the United States , where Alan Grant has lamented that the comic was doomed to eventual cancellation , as DC Comics " [ doesn 't ] take foreign sales into consideration when counting their cash " .
Acknowledging the failure of the ongoing Anarky series , Grant has <unk> that its themes , in particular his interest in exploring esoteric concepts such as philosophy of mind , likely resulted in " plummeting " sales . Breyfogle claimed the difficulty of combining escapist entertainment with social commentary as his explanation for the series ' failure . Breyfogle wrote at the time : " Anarky is a hybrid of the mainstream and the not @-@ quite @-@ so @-@ mainstream . This title may have experienced exactly what every ' half @-@ breed ' suffers : rejection by both groups with which it claims identity . " Besides the themes , commentators have also found the escalation of Anarky 's skills and special heroics as a source of criticism among readers . " I liked the original concept behind Anarky : a teenage geek who reads The Will to Power one too many times and decides to go out and fix the world , " wrote a critic for <unk> , an online newsletter produced by comic book fans and professionals . " But the minute he wound up getting $ 100 million in a Swiss Bank account , owning a building , impressing <unk> [ sic ] , getting a Boom Tube and was shown as being able to outsmart Batman , <unk> Oracle and generally be invincible , I lost all interest I had in the character . "
In 2014 , Comic Book Resources held an informal poll which asked readers to vote for the best characters within the Batman franchise , in celebration of the 75th anniversary of the 1939 creation of " the Caped Crusader " . Anarky was placed at No.31 among the best villains , coming nearly 25 years after the character 's own creation .
= = = Political analysis and relevance = = =
The philosophical nature of the character has invited political critiques , and resulted in comparisons drawn against the political and philosophical views of other fictional characters . Of the various positive analyses drawn from Anarky , two points which are continuously touched upon by critics are that Anarky is among the most unusual of Batman 's rogue gallery , and that his challenge to the ideologies of superheroes is his best feature .
The authors of " I 'm Not Fooled By That Cheap Disguise " , a 1991 essay deconstructing the Batman mythos , refer to Anarky as a challenge to Batman 's social and political world view , and to the political position indirectly endorsed by the themes of a Batman adventure . As the Batman mythos is centered on themes of retribution and the protection of property rights , the invitation to readers to identify with Batman 's vigilantism is an invitation to adopt political authoritarianism . The authors summarize that position as " the inviolability of property relations and the justification of their defense by any means necessary ( short of death ) . " However , the authors contend that Anarky " potentially redefines crime " and invites the reader to identify with a new political position in favor of the disenfranchised , which Batman " can not utterly condemn " . The authors contend that the creation of Anarky and dialogue by other characters represented a shift towards " self @-@ conscious awareness of the Batman 's hegemonic function , questioning the most central component of the Batman 's identity — the nature of crime and his relation to it . " However , the authors remain skeptical of Anarky 's commercial nature , pointing out Anarky could be " incorporated as another marketing technique [ ... ] The contradictions of capitalism would thus permit the commodification of criticisms as long as they resulted in profits . "
With the publication in 2005 of an issue of Green Arrow in which Anarky guest @-@ starred , writer James Peaty juxtaposed Anarky 's radical philosophy with the liberal progressive beliefs of Green Arrow : " Everyone always goes on about what a radical Ollie is and I wanted to show that maybe that isn 't the case ... especially as Ollie 's radical credentials are pretty antiquated ... Anarky as a character — and as a broader idea — is much more radical than Ollie . "
Greg Burgas , of Comic Book Resources , critiqued Anarky as " one of the more interesting characters of the past fifteen or twenty years [ ... ] because of what he wants to accomplish ... " Burgas continued , comparing the nature of Anarky as a change agent against Batman : " He is able to show how ineffective Batman is against the real problems of society , and although Batman stops his spree , we find ourselves sympathizing much more with Anarky than with the representative of the status quo . "
Anarky 's appearance in Batman : Arkham Origins included a speech delivered at the conclusion of the character 's story arch . The player is given the opportunity to observe Anarky after he has been defeated , and watch as the teenager enters a monologue in which he laments the downfall of society , tries to reconcile his admiration for Batman , and ultimately denounces the Caped Crusader as a false hero . Nick Dinicola of PopMatters , in comparing the game to its predecessor , Batman : Arkham City , asserted that the narrative of Origins consistently challenged Batman 's ideological reasons for acting as he does , whereas City uncritically took his motivations as a given . " Anarky ’ s wonderful speech takes Batman to task for the contradictions in his symbolism , " writes Dinicola , choosing that moment in the game as one of several examples of this theme . " Considering that Batman is very explicitly a symbol of fear , Anarky is equating the rise of Batman with the downfall of society . " Dinicola was also of the opinion that the willingness to use characters like Anarky to scrutinize Batman 's heroism , rather than simply assert it , allowed the game to ultimately prove and uphold Batman as a heroic figure in a way City could not . To Dinicola , this validated the act of challenging a superhero 's traditional interpretation in service to the story .
In Batman and Philosophy , an analysis of various philosophies which intersect with the Batman mythos , Anarky 's critique of the state is compared favorably to that of Friedrich Nietzsche : " The Nietzschean state constitutes a ' new idol , ' one that is no less repressive than its predecessors , as it defines good and evil for , and hangs a ' sword and a hundred appetites ' over , the faithful . No Batman villain sees this as clearly as Anarky ... " However , Anarky 's behavior was also interpreted as an attempt to impose an even more restrictive order , with examples presented from Batman : Anarky , in which Lonnie Machin lectures fellow juvenile detainees in " Tomorrow Belongs to Us " , explains his motivations in a self @-@ righteous farewell letter to his parents in " Anarky " , and creates a fantasy dystopia in a distorted reflection of his desired society in " Metamorphosis " : " His [ Anarky 's ] search for an organizing principle that is less repressive than the state fails . " This is sharply compared with Batman , described as moderating his impulses towards social control . Dialogue from Detective Comics is employed , in which Batman compares himself to Anarky and denies the latter legitimacy : " The fact is , no man can be allowed to set himself up as judge , jury and executioner . "
Far less favorable views of Anarky have also been offered . Newsarama contributor George Marston was especially scathing of the character 's politics and costume , placing Anarky at No.8 on a list of the " Top 10 Worst Batman villains of all time . " <unk> the character as a " living embodiment of an Avril Lavigne t @-@ shirt " , he pointed out the pointlessness of being inspired to super heroics by radical philosophy , and the contradictory nature of fighting crime as an anarchist . He concluded by referring to the unsuccessful Anarky series as proof that " bad decisions are timeless " . Similarly , Cracked contributor Henrik Magnusson listed Anarky 's debut at No.3 on a list of " 5 Disastrous Attempts at Political Commentary in Comic Books . " Magnusson 's scorn focused on Anarky 's poorly written speeches , which he derided as " pedantic " and laden with " pseudo @-@ philosophical catchphrases . " Referring to the original identity of Lonnie Machin as a " naive pre @-@ teen " , Magnusson considered this fine satire of " base @-@ level philosophy " and teen rebellion . However , the understanding that Grant had intended Anarky to be a vehicle for his personal views , and that the " Anarky in Gotham City " narrative describes Batman as sympathetic to his goals , if not his methods , upset Magnusson .
Several global events of the early 2010s included the rise of hacktivist groups such as Anonymous and LulzSec ; large scale protest movements , including the Arab Spring , Occupy movement , and Quebec student protests ; the crypto @-@ anarchist activity on the part of Defense Distributed and Cody Wilson ; and the various information leaks to WikiLeaks by Chelsea Manning , the Stratfor email leak by Anonymous and Jeremy Hammond , and the global surveillance disclosures by Edward Snowden . The rapid succession of these events led some media commentators to insist that Anarky 's relevance as a character had dramatically increased , and recommended that the character receive a higher profile in media . This sentiment led the creative team that developed Batman : Arkham Origins to include Anarky in the game . Describing Anarky 's anti @-@ government and anti @-@ corporate agenda , Holmes acknowledged the relevance of anarchism in the contemporary protest movements of the time as a factor in the choice to include the character in the game , and to update his appearance to that of a street protester with a gang resembling a social movement . Holmes stressed in one interview , " In the real world , this is Anarky 's moment . Right now . Today . " Even as early as 2005 , James Peaty recommended that Anarky should be included in more publications in the midst of the ongoing War on Terror , stating " Anarky is a terrorist ! How can that not be interesting in the modern climate ? "
= = = = Anarchist critique = = = =
Critics have commented on the character 's depiction as an anarchist since his first appearance . According to Alan Grant , anarchists with whom he associated were angered by his creation of the character , seeing it as an act of recuperation for commercial gain . Neither Grant nor Breyfogle could fully agree with this criticism . As Grant put it , " I thought I was doing them a favour you know ? "
In the years following the Anarky publications of the late 1990s , more receptive critiques have been offered . In assessing the presentation of anarchist philosophy in fiction , Mark <unk> , the director for the Centre for Labour Studies from Simon Fraser University , cited Anarky as an example of the favorable treatment anarchist philosophy has occasionally received in mainstream comic books . <unk> took particular note of quotations derived from the dialogue in " Anarky in Gotham City " story , in which Batman speaks positively of Anarky 's intentions . Following the cancellation of the ongoing series , Roderick T. Long , an anarchist / libertarian political commentator and Senior Scholar at the Ludwig von Mises Institute , praised Anarky as " an impressive voice for liberty in today 's comics " . Margaret Killjoy 's examination of anarchist fiction , <unk> & <unk> , afforded Alan Grant and Anarky brief mention . Explaining the relationship Grant had with anarchism , Killjoy reviewed the characters ' early incarnations as " quite wonderful . "
Greg Burgas , in reviewing the career of Alan Grant , specifically cited Anarky 's anarchist philosophy as one of the character 's most empathetic traits . Lamenting the obscurity of the character , Burgas wished Anarky and anarchism would be presented more often : " ... anarchy as a concept is often dismissed , but it 's worth looking at simply because it is so radical and untenable yet noble . "
= = Media = =
As a lesser known character in the DC Universe , Anarky has a smaller library of associated comic books and significant story lines than more popular DC Comics characters . Between 1989 and 1996 , Anarky was primarily written by Alan Grant in Batman @-@ related comics , received a guest appearance in a single issue of Green Arrow by Kevin Dooley , and was given an entry in Who 's Who in the DC Universe .
In the late 1990s , Anarky entered a brief period of minor prominence ; first with the publication of the first Anarky volume in 1997 ; followed in 1998 with the Batman : Anarky collection ; and in 1999 , with featured appearances in both DCU Heroes Secret Files and Origins No.1 , and the second Anarky volume series . After the cancellation of the ongoing series , Anarky lapsed into obscurity lasting approximately nine years . This ambiguous condition was not complete , as Anarky was sporadically used during this time . These appearances include marginal cameos in issues of Young Justice , Wonder Woman , and Green Arrow .
Anarky made an appearance in a 2008 issue of Robin as part of an effort to return the character to regular publication , and became a recurring cast member in the Red Robin series in November 2010 , until the series was cancelled in October 2011 .
Lesser known among the cast of characters in the DC universe , Anarky went unused for adaptations to other media platforms throughout much of the character 's existence . However , in 2013 the character was chosen to recur in Beware the Batman , an animated series on Cartoon Network , voiced by Wallace Langham . Anarky debuted in the third episode , " Tests " , and appeared in seven total episodes of the series before its cancellation . Later that year , Anarky was also included in the Batman video game , Batman : Arkham Origins , voiced by Matthew Mercer , and Scribblenauts Unmasked : A DC Comics Adventure . Lonnie Machin made his live action debut in 2016 , during the fourth season of Arrow , in a villainous adaptation portrayed by Alexander Calvert .
= Summer Hill , New South Wales =
Summer Hill is a suburb of Sydney , in the state of New South Wales , Australia . Summer Hill is located 8 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district , in the local government area of the Inner West Council .
Summer Hill is a primarily residential suburb of Sydney 's Inner West , adjoining two of Sydney 's major arterial roads , Parramatta Road and Liverpool Road . The first land grant was made in 1794 to former convict and jailor Henry Kable , and the suburb began growing following the opening of the railway station on the Main Suburban railway line in 1879 .
By the 1920s , the suburb had become relatively upper class , with large estates and mansions built throughout the suburb . Some of these still exist today . Following a transition to a working @-@ class suburb in the mid @-@ 20th century , when many of the large estates were demolished or subdivided , the suburb today has a " village " character and a mix of medium @-@ density apartment blocks and federation houses .
= = Characteristics = =
Summer Hill 's boundaries are Parramatta Road and Liverpool Road to the north , the rear of the properties on the west side of Prospect Road ( with a detour around Trinity Grammar School ) to the West , Old Canterbury Road to the south , and the Inner West Light Rail to the east . North of Summer Hill is the suburb of Haberfield , to the east is Lewisham , to the south is Dulwich Hill , and to the west is Ashfield .
Summer Hill has a mix of Federation @-@ era houses , with medium density apartment blocks near the railway station . Local independent business people run most of the shops . The local council has defined a village character for the suburb . Summer Hill is a suburb rich in heritage . More than one hundred properties are heritage listed , and the strong feelings of some residents of the suburb towards protecting the local architecture has seen the introduction of a heritage review , which is expected to add more properties to the heritage register .
Despite formerly being working class , Summer Hill and many of the surrounding suburbs have gradually undergone gentrification over recent years . Culturally , Summer Hill is a blend of medium @-@ density European Sydney suburbia , with Italian influences ( which are most evident in Leichhardt to the east and Haberfield to the north ) , Eastern influences ( which are most strongly evident in Ashfield to the West ) , and smaller influences from many other cultures .
= = History = =
= = = Aboriginal Anthropology = = =
Before the First Fleet arrived at Port Jackson in 1788 , what is now known as Summer Hill was part of a larger area where people of the Wangal and Cadigal tribes hunted , fought , and lived . There is research to show in the greater Sydney region 8000 - 10000 aborigines were resident , fluctuating on seasons and during tribal conflicts . What is now called the Hawthorne Canal ( originally Long Cove Creek ) appears to have been the boundary between the Cadigal and Wangal aboriginal group lands . Today there is a small park in Summer Hill , called Cadigal Reserve , located at 1 @-@ 4 Grosvenor Crescent . A bronze plaque placed by Ashfield Council names the reserve after the Cadigal ( Eora ) group of Koori people . Iron Cove and the mangrove @-@ lined estuaries of the Long Cove and Iron Cove Creeks would have provided a good source of fish and molluscs , the most common food of the coastal tribes in the Sydney basin .
In the early days of the colony , the land between Iron Cove and the Cook 's River was known as the Kangaroo Ground . This suggests that the land was open terrain favoured by kangaroos , that they were common in the area and may have formed a significant part of the Aboriginal diet .
= = = European settlement = = =
The first land grant in this area was for a farm in 1794 , to former convict and jailor Henry Kable . The land in the eastern corner of Summer Hill was an additional grant of 30 acres ( 12 ha ) made to Henry Kable in 1804 . This eastern corner would subsequently become part of the estate of James Underwood . Underwood died in 1844 and left a will so complicated that it required special legislation before it could be subdivided .
The earliest known use of the name " Summer Hill " was in 1876 , for a land subdivision adjacent to the present @-@ day St Andrew 's Anglican Church . The name Summer Hill is thought to be a name chosen by the land sub @-@ divider , presumably based on an attachment for England . Local historians regard the suggestion that the name is a derivation of " Sunning Hill " as a dubious story which has no substance .
Summer Hill 's largest mansion , Carleton ( now the Grosvenor Hospital 's main building ) , was built in the early 1880s on Liverpool Road for Charles Carleton <unk> . The suburb boomed with the opening of the railway station in 1879 , and was followed by subdivision of much of the surrounding area . Between 1880 and 1910 , the area became an upper @-@ class suburb , and was a popular choice for professionals in banking and insurance who worked in the city . Subdivision of gardens for housing continued in the 1920s and 1930s , and socioeconomically the suburb changed as some of the wealthier inhabitants moved to the North Shore . Demolition of most of the surviving mansions in the 1970s allowed erection of home units , especially within walking distance of the railway station .
= = Churches and other places of worship = =
There are a number of places of worship in Summer Hill . St Patrick 's Catholic Church was built in 1874 , and is the oldest known building in the suburb . There is also a small primary school associated with the church and located next to it .
The building was originally a private home known as Kelvin Grove , and owned by Mrs Jane Drynan . Much of the exterior of the church is original but none of the internal walls were retained when the building was converted into a church . Following Drynan 's death , Kelvin Grove was owned or leased by a succession of different people , including the Haberfield real @-@ estate developer Richard Stanton , Croydon brick @-@ maker William Downton , and two sisters named Freeman ( one of whom was a nurse ) . In the 1920s and 1930s Kelvin Grove may have been used as a nursing home . The first mass was celebrated in Kelvin Grove on St Patrick 's day 1946 , giving the church its name .
St Andrew 's Anglican Church has three distinctive internal transept arches , and was designed by a Presbyterian , Alexander Leckie Elphinstone Junior . The foundation stone was laid in 1883 , and the top of the spire completed in 1906 . The fast construction period , unusual for that time , was indicative of the area 's affluence . Recent Asian influences in Summer Hill have brought about the introduction of non @-@ Christian places of worship . The Wong Tai Sin ( or Kwan Yin Kur ) temple is located on the corners of Kensington Road and Liverpool Road in a building that was a Masonic temple in the 1920s . The same building was converted into the current temple ; the lower floor houses the Taoist deity of Wong Tai Sin , and the upper floor houses the Buddhist Bodhisattva of Kwan Yin .
= = Schools = =
Trinity Grammar School in Prospect Road is a private school catering for students from PreK to Year 12 . The schools 's site has been in continuous use for education for 120 years . The headmaster 's house at Trinity was erected circa 1877 . The site operated as several different teaching institutions until it was purchased by the Anglican Church , becoming known as Trinity Grammar School in 1925 . Trinity Grammar is one of many wealthy schools in New South Wales , and has previously received some of the largest government subsidies , when comparing total government subsidies per school . An expansion plan by Trinity involving the demolition of houses in nearby Seaview Street caused controversy in 2007 . The development was nonetheless approved by the New South Wales Land and Environment Court .
Summer Hill Public School , located in <unk> Street , is a primary school that caters for students from Kindergarten to Year 6 . It offers a selective program , known as Opportunity Classes , for Year 5 and 6 students under the New South Wales Government 's Opportunity Class program . The school was established in 1883 in a wooden shed on 2 acres ( 8 @,@ 100 m2 ) of land that had been resumed from James Bartlett . The older buildings currently used at the school date back to 1913 while more modern buildings were constructed in 1977 , 1998 and 2010 . The school , designed in the Victorian Classical style , is listed on the Register of the National Estate .
Saint Patrick 's Catholic School is a private primary school , close to Summer Hill Public School .
= = Commercial area = =