triplets
sequence | passage
stringlengths 0
32.9k
| label
stringlengths 4
48
⌀ | label_id
int64 0
1k
⌀ | synonyms
sequence | __index_level_1__
int64 312
64.1k
⌀ | __index_level_0__
int64 0
2.4k
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"Christine Marzano",
"occupation",
"film actor"
] | Acting
While modeling, Marzano began serious acting training, and appeared in numerous television commercials. After graduating from Princeton, she decided to pursue acting full-time.Marzano appeared as a bilingual prostitute in Seven Psychopaths (2012), winning as part of Best Ensemble Cast at the 2012 Boston Society of Film Critics Awards, and nominated in the same category at the 2012 San Diego Film Critics Society Awards. She also had a supporting role as a brothel madam in the 2013 vampire film Byzantium and appeared in the 2013 thriller Paranoia. She portrayed celebrity florist and landscape designer Charlotte Heavey in the 2015 film Dare to Be Wild and appeared in the 2016 Harry Potter prequel Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, written by JK Rowling and directed by David Yates.She has appeared in the 2018 American action film Death Race: Beyond Anarchy alongside Zach McGowan and Frederick Koehler, the fourth film in the Death Race series. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Christine Marzano",
"family name",
"Marzano"
] | Christine Marzano (born September 5, 1986) is the CEO and founder of an LA-based, fashion, tech company BODS. She is a former model and actress.Early life and education
Marzano was born in Brooklyn, New York to an Italian father and an Irish mother. She received a bachelor's degree in psychology and neuroscience from Princeton University, and later studied Shakespeare at the British American Drama Academy in London. | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Elsa Anna Sofie Hosk (born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988) is a Swedish-based model and former Victoria's Secret Angel, who has worked for brands including Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ungaro, H&M, Anna Sui, Lilly Pulitzer and Guess. She modeled for Victoria's Secret, appearing in the brand's annual fashion show from 2011 to 2018. She has also appeared in many of the brand's campaigns, especially for the sub-division PINK. In 2015, she was announced as one of 10 new Victoria's Secret Angels.
She has also played professional basketball in Sweden. | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"sport",
"basketball"
] | Elsa Anna Sofie Hosk (born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988) is a Swedish-based model and former Victoria's Secret Angel, who has worked for brands including Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ungaro, H&M, Anna Sui, Lilly Pulitzer and Guess. She modeled for Victoria's Secret, appearing in the brand's annual fashion show from 2011 to 2018. She has also appeared in many of the brand's campaigns, especially for the sub-division PINK. In 2015, she was announced as one of 10 new Victoria's Secret Angels.
She has also played professional basketball in Sweden.Career
Hosk was born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988 in Stockholm. Growing up in Sweden, Hosk was presented with offers to model during high school after her father submitted photographs to various modeling agencies in Sweden when she was 13; she began modeling at 14. She did some modeling in high school but decided to primarily concentrate on her studies instead (she did some notable work with Guess and other companies however). After graduating, she decided to pursue a career in the Swedish women's basketball league. Hosk has commented that the level of play in the Swedish professional basketball league was not on par with the WNBA, and that interest in the sport was not as great in Sweden as in the United States. Although she ultimately abandoned professional basketball for modeling, Hosk has said that the intense rigor of practices (8 per week when playing basketball) and travel helped prepare her for the physical and travel demands of the modeling world.After playing professional basketball for two years, she began receiving many job offers and soon moved to New York City to begin modeling full-time. Some writers have speculated that her work with Victoria's Secret was what brought her into the top tier fashion world, but Hosk also identifies her work with photographer Ellen von Unwerth in campaigns for Guess.She is ranked 15th on the Top Sexiest Models list by models.com. She opened the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show in 2016 and wore the Swarovski outfit in 2017. She was chosen to wear the "Dream Angels" Fantasy Bra in the 2018 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show held in New York City on 8 November 2018. The bra, worth US$1 million, was designed by Atelier Swarovski and hand-set with 2,100 Swarovski created diamonds.
She has walked for designers like Versace, Dior, Jean Paul Gaultier, YSL, Balmain, Moschino, Calvin Klein, Isabel Marant, Brandon Maxwell, LaQuan Smith, Valentino, Michael Kors, Miu Miu, Alberta Ferretti, Blumarine, Max Mara, Dolce&Gabbana, Escada, Etro, Carolina Herrera, Jeremy Scott and many more. | sport | 89 | [
"athletics",
"competitive physical activity",
"physical competition"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"languages spoken, written or signed",
"Swedish"
] | Elsa Anna Sofie Hosk (born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988) is a Swedish-based model and former Victoria's Secret Angel, who has worked for brands including Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ungaro, H&M, Anna Sui, Lilly Pulitzer and Guess. She modeled for Victoria's Secret, appearing in the brand's annual fashion show from 2011 to 2018. She has also appeared in many of the brand's campaigns, especially for the sub-division PINK. In 2015, she was announced as one of 10 new Victoria's Secret Angels.
She has also played professional basketball in Sweden. | languages spoken, written or signed | 38 | [
"linguistic abilities",
"language proficiency",
"language command"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"country of citizenship",
"Sweden"
] | Career
Hosk was born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988 in Stockholm. Growing up in Sweden, Hosk was presented with offers to model during high school after her father submitted photographs to various modeling agencies in Sweden when she was 13; she began modeling at 14. She did some modeling in high school but decided to primarily concentrate on her studies instead (she did some notable work with Guess and other companies however). After graduating, she decided to pursue a career in the Swedish women's basketball league. Hosk has commented that the level of play in the Swedish professional basketball league was not on par with the WNBA, and that interest in the sport was not as great in Sweden as in the United States. Although she ultimately abandoned professional basketball for modeling, Hosk has said that the intense rigor of practices (8 per week when playing basketball) and travel helped prepare her for the physical and travel demands of the modeling world.After playing professional basketball for two years, she began receiving many job offers and soon moved to New York City to begin modeling full-time. Some writers have speculated that her work with Victoria's Secret was what brought her into the top tier fashion world, but Hosk also identifies her work with photographer Ellen von Unwerth in campaigns for Guess.She is ranked 15th on the Top Sexiest Models list by models.com. She opened the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show in 2016 and wore the Swarovski outfit in 2017. She was chosen to wear the "Dream Angels" Fantasy Bra in the 2018 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show held in New York City on 8 November 2018. The bra, worth US$1 million, was designed by Atelier Swarovski and hand-set with 2,100 Swarovski created diamonds.
She has walked for designers like Versace, Dior, Jean Paul Gaultier, YSL, Balmain, Moschino, Calvin Klein, Isabel Marant, Brandon Maxwell, LaQuan Smith, Valentino, Michael Kors, Miu Miu, Alberta Ferretti, Blumarine, Max Mara, Dolce&Gabbana, Escada, Etro, Carolina Herrera, Jeremy Scott and many more. | country of citizenship | 63 | [
"citizenship country",
"place of citizenship",
"country of origin",
"citizenship nation",
"country of citizenship status"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"given name",
"Elsa"
] | Elsa Anna Sofie Hosk (born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988) is a Swedish-based model and former Victoria's Secret Angel, who has worked for brands including Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ungaro, H&M, Anna Sui, Lilly Pulitzer and Guess. She modeled for Victoria's Secret, appearing in the brand's annual fashion show from 2011 to 2018. She has also appeared in many of the brand's campaigns, especially for the sub-division PINK. In 2015, she was announced as one of 10 new Victoria's Secret Angels.
She has also played professional basketball in Sweden. | given name | 60 | [
"first name",
"forename",
"given title",
"personal name"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"place of birth",
"Stockholm"
] | Elsa Anna Sofie Hosk (born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988) is a Swedish-based model and former Victoria's Secret Angel, who has worked for brands including Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ungaro, H&M, Anna Sui, Lilly Pulitzer and Guess. She modeled for Victoria's Secret, appearing in the brand's annual fashion show from 2011 to 2018. She has also appeared in many of the brand's campaigns, especially for the sub-division PINK. In 2015, she was announced as one of 10 new Victoria's Secret Angels.
She has also played professional basketball in Sweden.Career
Hosk was born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988 in Stockholm. Growing up in Sweden, Hosk was presented with offers to model during high school after her father submitted photographs to various modeling agencies in Sweden when she was 13; she began modeling at 14. She did some modeling in high school but decided to primarily concentrate on her studies instead (she did some notable work with Guess and other companies however). After graduating, she decided to pursue a career in the Swedish women's basketball league. Hosk has commented that the level of play in the Swedish professional basketball league was not on par with the WNBA, and that interest in the sport was not as great in Sweden as in the United States. Although she ultimately abandoned professional basketball for modeling, Hosk has said that the intense rigor of practices (8 per week when playing basketball) and travel helped prepare her for the physical and travel demands of the modeling world.After playing professional basketball for two years, she began receiving many job offers and soon moved to New York City to begin modeling full-time. Some writers have speculated that her work with Victoria's Secret was what brought her into the top tier fashion world, but Hosk also identifies her work with photographer Ellen von Unwerth in campaigns for Guess.She is ranked 15th on the Top Sexiest Models list by models.com. She opened the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show in 2016 and wore the Swarovski outfit in 2017. She was chosen to wear the "Dream Angels" Fantasy Bra in the 2018 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show held in New York City on 8 November 2018. The bra, worth US$1 million, was designed by Atelier Swarovski and hand-set with 2,100 Swarovski created diamonds.
She has walked for designers like Versace, Dior, Jean Paul Gaultier, YSL, Balmain, Moschino, Calvin Klein, Isabel Marant, Brandon Maxwell, LaQuan Smith, Valentino, Michael Kors, Miu Miu, Alberta Ferretti, Blumarine, Max Mara, Dolce&Gabbana, Escada, Etro, Carolina Herrera, Jeremy Scott and many more. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"occupation",
"model"
] | Elsa Anna Sofie Hosk (born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988) is a Swedish-based model and former Victoria's Secret Angel, who has worked for brands including Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ungaro, H&M, Anna Sui, Lilly Pulitzer and Guess. She modeled for Victoria's Secret, appearing in the brand's annual fashion show from 2011 to 2018. She has also appeared in many of the brand's campaigns, especially for the sub-division PINK. In 2015, she was announced as one of 10 new Victoria's Secret Angels.
She has also played professional basketball in Sweden. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Elsa Hosk",
"sex or gender",
"female"
] | Elsa Anna Sofie Hosk (born in Stockholm on 7 November 1988) is a Swedish-based model and former Victoria's Secret Angel, who has worked for brands including Dior, Dolce & Gabbana, Ungaro, H&M, Anna Sui, Lilly Pulitzer and Guess. She modeled for Victoria's Secret, appearing in the brand's annual fashion show from 2011 to 2018. She has also appeared in many of the brand's campaigns, especially for the sub-division PINK. In 2015, she was announced as one of 10 new Victoria's Secret Angels.
She has also played professional basketball in Sweden. | sex or gender | 65 | [
"biological sex",
"gender identity",
"gender expression",
"sexual orientation",
"gender classification"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit. | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"country of citizenship",
"Italy"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit. | country of citizenship | 63 | [
"citizenship country",
"place of citizenship",
"country of origin",
"citizenship nation",
"country of citizenship status"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"languages spoken, written or signed",
"Italian"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit. | languages spoken, written or signed | 38 | [
"linguistic abilities",
"language proficiency",
"language command"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"given name",
"Michele"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit. | given name | 60 | [
"first name",
"forename",
"given title",
"personal name"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"place of birth",
"Reggio Emilia"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"family name",
"Moramarco"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit.Works
Publications | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"field of work",
"Masonic studies"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit. | field of work | 20 | [
"profession",
"occupation",
"area of expertise",
"specialization"
] | null | null |
[
"Michele Moramarco",
"occupation",
"writer"
] | Michele Moramarco (Reggio Emilia, 6 October 1953) is an Italian author on Masonic ritual and history, a pop musician, and an advocate of Mazdean Christian Universalism. He leads a group of Italian Oddfellows, who started a revival of the procedures followed by the "Loyal Aristarcus Lodge" (1730-1740), the oldest ascertained Oddfellows' unit.La Massoneria ieri e oggi (De Vecchi, Milan 1977)
Russian translation: Masonstvo v proshlom i nashtoiashem (Progress, Moscow 1991)
Per una rifondazione del socialismo, in Marxismo e nonviolenza (Lanterna, Genoa 1977)
Diario californiano (Bastogi, Foggia 1981)
Grande Dizionario Enciclopedico UTET (4th ed., Turin 1985) (articles Antroposofia, Besant, Cagliostro, Radiestesia, etc.)
L'ultima tappa di Henry Corbin, in Contributi alla storia dell'Orientalismo, ed. G.R. Franci (Clueb, Bologna 1985)
250 anni di Massoneria in Italia (Bastogi, Foggia 1985)
Nuova Enciclopedia Massonica (Ce.S.A.S., Reggio E. 1989–1995; second ed.: Bastogi, Foggia 1997)
Psicologia del morire, in I nuovi ultimi (Francisci, Abano Terme 1991)
Piazza del Gesù (1944-1968). Documenti rari e inediti della tradizione massonica italiana (Ce.SA.S. Reggio Emllia, 1992)
La celeste dottrina noachita (Ce.S.A.S, Reggio E. 1994)
I mitici Gufi (Edishow, Reggio Emilia 2001)
Torbida dea. Psicostoria d'amore, fantomi & zelosia (Bastogi, Foggia 2007)
Il Mazdeismo Universale. Una chiave esoterica alla dottrina di Zarathushtra (Bastogi, Foggia 2010)
I Magi eterni. Tra Zarathushtra e Gesù - Una visione mazdeo-cristiana (written with Graziano Moramarco) (Om Edizioni Bolgna 2013)
La via massonica. Dal manoscritto Graham al risveglio noachide e cristiano (Om Edizioni, Bologna 2014)Music | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Karabo Poppy",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Karabo Poppy Moletsane (born 1992) is a South African illustrator, graphic designer, and street artist.Early life
Poppy was born in Vereeniging. She studied at Open Window Institute in Pretoria and has a degree in Visual Communication.Career
Poppy has done work for the Wall Street Journal, Google, Coca-Cola, and Nike, including designing shoes worn by LeBron James. She created the graphics for the first African series on Netflix, Queen Sono, and When They See Us. She collaborated with RICH MNISI on a unisex clothing collection, called Running Errands, in 2020. Her Utah Jazz mural is installed in Salt Lake City, Utah.
In 2021, she was commissioned by Wikipedia, along with Jasmina El Bouamraoui, to design 101 symbols for the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia.Her murals are displayed as urban installations across Johannesburg, and have appeared in Times Square, in music videos, and on the Soweto Towers. | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Karabo Poppy",
"country of citizenship",
"South Africa"
] | Karabo Poppy Moletsane (born 1992) is a South African illustrator, graphic designer, and street artist.Early life
Poppy was born in Vereeniging. She studied at Open Window Institute in Pretoria and has a degree in Visual Communication. | country of citizenship | 63 | [
"citizenship country",
"place of citizenship",
"country of origin",
"citizenship nation",
"country of citizenship status"
] | null | null |
[
"Karabo Poppy",
"occupation",
"street artist"
] | Karabo Poppy Moletsane (born 1992) is a South African illustrator, graphic designer, and street artist.Career
Poppy has done work for the Wall Street Journal, Google, Coca-Cola, and Nike, including designing shoes worn by LeBron James. She created the graphics for the first African series on Netflix, Queen Sono, and When They See Us. She collaborated with RICH MNISI on a unisex clothing collection, called Running Errands, in 2020. Her Utah Jazz mural is installed in Salt Lake City, Utah.
In 2021, she was commissioned by Wikipedia, along with Jasmina El Bouamraoui, to design 101 symbols for the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia.Her murals are displayed as urban installations across Johannesburg, and have appeared in Times Square, in music videos, and on the Soweto Towers. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Karabo Poppy",
"occupation",
"designer"
] | Karabo Poppy Moletsane (born 1992) is a South African illustrator, graphic designer, and street artist.Career
Poppy has done work for the Wall Street Journal, Google, Coca-Cola, and Nike, including designing shoes worn by LeBron James. She created the graphics for the first African series on Netflix, Queen Sono, and When They See Us. She collaborated with RICH MNISI on a unisex clothing collection, called Running Errands, in 2020. Her Utah Jazz mural is installed in Salt Lake City, Utah.
In 2021, she was commissioned by Wikipedia, along with Jasmina El Bouamraoui, to design 101 symbols for the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia.Her murals are displayed as urban installations across Johannesburg, and have appeared in Times Square, in music videos, and on the Soweto Towers. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Karabo Poppy",
"place of birth",
"Vereeniging"
] | Early life
Poppy was born in Vereeniging. She studied at Open Window Institute in Pretoria and has a degree in Visual Communication. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Karabo Poppy",
"occupation",
"illustrator"
] | Karabo Poppy Moletsane (born 1992) is a South African illustrator, graphic designer, and street artist.Early life
Poppy was born in Vereeniging. She studied at Open Window Institute in Pretoria and has a degree in Visual Communication.Career
Poppy has done work for the Wall Street Journal, Google, Coca-Cola, and Nike, including designing shoes worn by LeBron James. She created the graphics for the first African series on Netflix, Queen Sono, and When They See Us. She collaborated with RICH MNISI on a unisex clothing collection, called Running Errands, in 2020. Her Utah Jazz mural is installed in Salt Lake City, Utah.
In 2021, she was commissioned by Wikipedia, along with Jasmina El Bouamraoui, to design 101 symbols for the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia.Her murals are displayed as urban installations across Johannesburg, and have appeared in Times Square, in music videos, and on the Soweto Towers. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Jacob Levy Moreno (born Iacob Levy; May 18, 1889 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian-American psychiatrist, psychosociologist, and educator, the founder of psychodrama, and the foremost pioneer of group psychotherapy. During his lifetime, he was recognized as one of the leading social scientists. | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"residence",
"New York"
] | Career
While living in Vienna in the early 1900s Moreno started an improvisational theater company, Stegreiftheater, the Theater of Spontaneity : 72 where he formulated a form of psychotherapy he called psychodrama, which employed improvised dramatizations, role-plays and other therapeutic, spontaneous dramatic expressions that utilized and unleashed the spontaneity and creativity of the group and its individual members.: 15, 16 Moreno saw "psychodrama as the next logical step beyond psychoanalysis." It was "an opportunity to get into action instead of just talking, to take the role of the important people in our lives to understand them better, to confront them imaginatively in the safety of the therapeutic theater, and most of all to become more creative and spotantaneous human beings.": 50 In his book Who Shall Survive? (Preludes, p.xxviii) Moreno wrote of the genesis of his Group Psychotherapy in 1913–14 in Vienna, formulating his ideas while working with groups of prostitutes.
Moving to the US in 1925, he began working in New York City. There, Moreno worked on his theory of interpersonal relations, and the development of his work in psychodrama, sociometry, group psychotherapy, sociodrama, and sociatry. In his autobiography he wrote "only in New York, the melting pot of the nations, the vast metropolis, with all its freedom from all preconceived notions, could I be free to pursue sociometric group research in the grand style I had envisioned".The New York Times wrote “He found that acceptance of his theories was slow, particularly because some colleagues deplored his showmanship.”He worked at the Plymouth Institute, Brooklyn, and at Mount Sinai Hospital. In 1929, he founded an Impromptu Theater at Carnegie Hall and later did work at the Guild Theater. He made studies of sociometry at Sing Sing Prison in 1931. In 1936, he founded the Beacon Hill Sanitarium, and the adjacent Therapeutic Theater.He later held positions at Columbia University and the New School for Social Research.In 1932, Moreno first introduced group psychotherapy to the American Psychiatric Association, and co-authored the monograph Group Method and Group Pschotherapy with Helen Hall Jennings. He and Jennings were the first to use a stochastic network model (or, "chance sociogram", as they called it), predating the Erdős–Rényi model and the network model of Anatol Rapoport.For the next 40 years he developed and introduced his Theory of Interpersonal Relations and tools for social sciences he called 'sociodrama', 'psychodrama', 'sociometry', and 'sociatry'. In his monograph entitled, "The Future of Man's World", he describes how he developed these sciences to counteract "the economic materialism of Marx, the psychological materialism of Freud, and the technological materialism" of our modern industrial age. | residence | 49 | [
"living place",
"dwelling",
"abode",
"habitat",
"domicile"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"place of birth",
"Bucharest"
] | Jacob Levy Moreno (born Iacob Levy; May 18, 1889 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian-American psychiatrist, psychosociologist, and educator, the founder of psychodrama, and the foremost pioneer of group psychotherapy. During his lifetime, he was recognized as one of the leading social scientists.Early life and education
Jacob Levy Moreno was born in Bucharest in the Kingdom of Romania. His father was Moreno Nissim Levy, a Sephardi Jewish merchant born in 1856 in Plevna in the Ottoman Empire (today Pleven, Bulgaria). Jacob's grandfather Buchis had moved to Plevna from Constantinople, where his ancestors had settled after they left Spain in 1492. It is thought that the Morenos left Plevna for Bucharest during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, following the Plevna rabbi Haim Bejarano in search of a more hospitable environment. Jacob Moreno's mother, Paulina Iancu or Wolf, was also a Sephardi Jew, born in 1873, and originated from Călăraşi, Romania.In 1895, a time of great intellectual creativity and political turmoil, the family moved to Vienna. He studied medicine, mathematics, and philosophy at the University of Vienna, becoming a Doctor of Medicine in 1917. He had rejected Freudian theory while still a medical student, and became interested in the potential of group settings for therapeutic practice.In his autobiography, Moreno recalls this encounter with Sigmund Freud in 1912. "I attended one of Freud’s lectures. He had just finished an analysis of a telepathic dream. As the students filed out, he singled me out from the crowd and asked me what I was doing. I responded, 'Well, Dr. Freud, I start where you leave off. You meet people in the artificial setting of your office. I meet them on the street and in their homes, in their natural surroundings. You analyze their dreams. I give them the courage to dream again. You analyze and tear them apart. I let them act out their conflicting roles and help them to put the parts back together again.'" | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"educated at",
"University of Vienna"
] | Early life and education
Jacob Levy Moreno was born in Bucharest in the Kingdom of Romania. His father was Moreno Nissim Levy, a Sephardi Jewish merchant born in 1856 in Plevna in the Ottoman Empire (today Pleven, Bulgaria). Jacob's grandfather Buchis had moved to Plevna from Constantinople, where his ancestors had settled after they left Spain in 1492. It is thought that the Morenos left Plevna for Bucharest during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, following the Plevna rabbi Haim Bejarano in search of a more hospitable environment. Jacob Moreno's mother, Paulina Iancu or Wolf, was also a Sephardi Jew, born in 1873, and originated from Călăraşi, Romania.In 1895, a time of great intellectual creativity and political turmoil, the family moved to Vienna. He studied medicine, mathematics, and philosophy at the University of Vienna, becoming a Doctor of Medicine in 1917. He had rejected Freudian theory while still a medical student, and became interested in the potential of group settings for therapeutic practice.In his autobiography, Moreno recalls this encounter with Sigmund Freud in 1912. "I attended one of Freud’s lectures. He had just finished an analysis of a telepathic dream. As the students filed out, he singled me out from the crowd and asked me what I was doing. I responded, 'Well, Dr. Freud, I start where you leave off. You meet people in the artificial setting of your office. I meet them on the street and in their homes, in their natural surroundings. You analyze their dreams. I give them the courage to dream again. You analyze and tear them apart. I let them act out their conflicting roles and help them to put the parts back together again.'" | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"field of work",
"psychotherapy"
] | Career
While living in Vienna in the early 1900s Moreno started an improvisational theater company, Stegreiftheater, the Theater of Spontaneity : 72 where he formulated a form of psychotherapy he called psychodrama, which employed improvised dramatizations, role-plays and other therapeutic, spontaneous dramatic expressions that utilized and unleashed the spontaneity and creativity of the group and its individual members.: 15, 16 Moreno saw "psychodrama as the next logical step beyond psychoanalysis." It was "an opportunity to get into action instead of just talking, to take the role of the important people in our lives to understand them better, to confront them imaginatively in the safety of the therapeutic theater, and most of all to become more creative and spotantaneous human beings.": 50 In his book Who Shall Survive? (Preludes, p.xxviii) Moreno wrote of the genesis of his Group Psychotherapy in 1913–14 in Vienna, formulating his ideas while working with groups of prostitutes.
Moving to the US in 1925, he began working in New York City. There, Moreno worked on his theory of interpersonal relations, and the development of his work in psychodrama, sociometry, group psychotherapy, sociodrama, and sociatry. In his autobiography he wrote "only in New York, the melting pot of the nations, the vast metropolis, with all its freedom from all preconceived notions, could I be free to pursue sociometric group research in the grand style I had envisioned".The New York Times wrote “He found that acceptance of his theories was slow, particularly because some colleagues deplored his showmanship.”He worked at the Plymouth Institute, Brooklyn, and at Mount Sinai Hospital. In 1929, he founded an Impromptu Theater at Carnegie Hall and later did work at the Guild Theater. He made studies of sociometry at Sing Sing Prison in 1931. In 1936, he founded the Beacon Hill Sanitarium, and the adjacent Therapeutic Theater.He later held positions at Columbia University and the New School for Social Research.In 1932, Moreno first introduced group psychotherapy to the American Psychiatric Association, and co-authored the monograph Group Method and Group Pschotherapy with Helen Hall Jennings. He and Jennings were the first to use a stochastic network model (or, "chance sociogram", as they called it), predating the Erdős–Rényi model and the network model of Anatol Rapoport.For the next 40 years he developed and introduced his Theory of Interpersonal Relations and tools for social sciences he called 'sociodrama', 'psychodrama', 'sociometry', and 'sociatry'. In his monograph entitled, "The Future of Man's World", he describes how he developed these sciences to counteract "the economic materialism of Marx, the psychological materialism of Freud, and the technological materialism" of our modern industrial age. | field of work | 20 | [
"profession",
"occupation",
"area of expertise",
"specialization"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"spouse",
"Zerka T. Moreno"
] | Summary of contribution
There is evidence that the methods of J. L. Moreno have held up respectably over time. Subsequent research from the University of Vienna shows the enormous influence that Moreno's theory of the Encounter (Invitations to an Encounter, 1914) had on the development of Martin Buber's I-Thou philosophy, and Buber's influence on philosophy, theology, and psychology. His wife, Zerka Moreno, wrote: "While it is true that Buber broadened the idea of the Encounter, he did not create the instruments for it to occur." Moreno "produced the various instruments we now use for facilitating the human encounter, sociometry, group psychotherapy, psychodrama, and sociodrama". Zerka was herself an expert in psychodrama and sociometry, and continued her late husband's work.With training centers and institutes on nearly every continent, there are many thousands of students who are expanding and developing training and teaching the Morenean Arts and Sciences across the disciplines, to more fully realize Moreno's vision to make these social sciences available for "the whole of [hu]mankind."Moreno is also widely credited as one of the founders of the discipline of social network analysis, the branch of sociology that deals with the quantitative evaluation of an individual's role in a group or community by analysis of the network of connections between them and others.: 21, 22 His 1934 book Who Shall Survive? contains some of the earliest graphical depictions of social networks (sociograms). In this book, he introduced a famous explanation, why a pandemic of runaways emerged at the New York Training School for Girls in Hudson. | spouse | 51 | [
"partner"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"occupation",
"psychiatrist"
] | Jacob Levy Moreno (born Iacob Levy; May 18, 1889 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian-American psychiatrist, psychosociologist, and educator, the founder of psychodrama, and the foremost pioneer of group psychotherapy. During his lifetime, he was recognized as one of the leading social scientists.Early life and education
Jacob Levy Moreno was born in Bucharest in the Kingdom of Romania. His father was Moreno Nissim Levy, a Sephardi Jewish merchant born in 1856 in Plevna in the Ottoman Empire (today Pleven, Bulgaria). Jacob's grandfather Buchis had moved to Plevna from Constantinople, where his ancestors had settled after they left Spain in 1492. It is thought that the Morenos left Plevna for Bucharest during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, following the Plevna rabbi Haim Bejarano in search of a more hospitable environment. Jacob Moreno's mother, Paulina Iancu or Wolf, was also a Sephardi Jew, born in 1873, and originated from Călăraşi, Romania.In 1895, a time of great intellectual creativity and political turmoil, the family moved to Vienna. He studied medicine, mathematics, and philosophy at the University of Vienna, becoming a Doctor of Medicine in 1917. He had rejected Freudian theory while still a medical student, and became interested in the potential of group settings for therapeutic practice.In his autobiography, Moreno recalls this encounter with Sigmund Freud in 1912. "I attended one of Freud’s lectures. He had just finished an analysis of a telepathic dream. As the students filed out, he singled me out from the crowd and asked me what I was doing. I responded, 'Well, Dr. Freud, I start where you leave off. You meet people in the artificial setting of your office. I meet them on the street and in their homes, in their natural surroundings. You analyze their dreams. I give them the courage to dream again. You analyze and tear them apart. I let them act out their conflicting roles and help them to put the parts back together again.'" | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"sex or gender",
"male"
] | Jacob Levy Moreno (born Iacob Levy; May 18, 1889 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian-American psychiatrist, psychosociologist, and educator, the founder of psychodrama, and the foremost pioneer of group psychotherapy. During his lifetime, he was recognized as one of the leading social scientists.Early life and education
Jacob Levy Moreno was born in Bucharest in the Kingdom of Romania. His father was Moreno Nissim Levy, a Sephardi Jewish merchant born in 1856 in Plevna in the Ottoman Empire (today Pleven, Bulgaria). Jacob's grandfather Buchis had moved to Plevna from Constantinople, where his ancestors had settled after they left Spain in 1492. It is thought that the Morenos left Plevna for Bucharest during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, following the Plevna rabbi Haim Bejarano in search of a more hospitable environment. Jacob Moreno's mother, Paulina Iancu or Wolf, was also a Sephardi Jew, born in 1873, and originated from Călăraşi, Romania.In 1895, a time of great intellectual creativity and political turmoil, the family moved to Vienna. He studied medicine, mathematics, and philosophy at the University of Vienna, becoming a Doctor of Medicine in 1917. He had rejected Freudian theory while still a medical student, and became interested in the potential of group settings for therapeutic practice.In his autobiography, Moreno recalls this encounter with Sigmund Freud in 1912. "I attended one of Freud’s lectures. He had just finished an analysis of a telepathic dream. As the students filed out, he singled me out from the crowd and asked me what I was doing. I responded, 'Well, Dr. Freud, I start where you leave off. You meet people in the artificial setting of your office. I meet them on the street and in their homes, in their natural surroundings. You analyze their dreams. I give them the courage to dream again. You analyze and tear them apart. I let them act out their conflicting roles and help them to put the parts back together again.'" | sex or gender | 65 | [
"biological sex",
"gender identity",
"gender expression",
"sexual orientation",
"gender classification"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"place of death",
"Beacon"
] | Spontaneity and creativity are the propelling forces in human progress, beyond and independent of libido and socioeconomic motives [that] are frequently interwoven with spontaneity-creativity, but [this proposition] does deny that spontaneity and creativity are merely a function and derivative of libido or socioeconomic motives.
Love and mutual sharing are powerful, indispensable working principles in group life. Therefore, it is imperative that we have faith in our fellow man’s intentions, a faith which transcends mere obedience arising from physical or legalistic coercion.
That a super dynamic community based on these principles can be brought to realization through new techniques..."Moreno died at home in Beacon, N.Y., in 1974, aged 84. He chose to die by abstaining from all food and water after a long illness. His ashes are buried at Feuerhalle Simmering in Vienna. His epitaph, at his request, reads "DER MANN, DER FREUDE UND LACHEN IN DIE PSYCHIATRIE BRACHTE" (The man who brought joy and laughter to psychiatry). | place of death | 45 | [
"location of death",
"death place",
"place where they died",
"place of passing",
"final resting place"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"family name",
"Moreno"
] | Jacob Levy Moreno (born Iacob Levy; May 18, 1889 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian-American psychiatrist, psychosociologist, and educator, the founder of psychodrama, and the foremost pioneer of group psychotherapy. During his lifetime, he was recognized as one of the leading social scientists. | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Jacob L. Moreno",
"given name",
"Jacob"
] | Jacob Levy Moreno (born Iacob Levy; May 18, 1889 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian-American psychiatrist, psychosociologist, and educator, the founder of psychodrama, and the foremost pioneer of group psychotherapy. During his lifetime, he was recognized as one of the leading social scientists.Early life and education
Jacob Levy Moreno was born in Bucharest in the Kingdom of Romania. His father was Moreno Nissim Levy, a Sephardi Jewish merchant born in 1856 in Plevna in the Ottoman Empire (today Pleven, Bulgaria). Jacob's grandfather Buchis had moved to Plevna from Constantinople, where his ancestors had settled after they left Spain in 1492. It is thought that the Morenos left Plevna for Bucharest during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, following the Plevna rabbi Haim Bejarano in search of a more hospitable environment. Jacob Moreno's mother, Paulina Iancu or Wolf, was also a Sephardi Jew, born in 1873, and originated from Călăraşi, Romania.In 1895, a time of great intellectual creativity and political turmoil, the family moved to Vienna. He studied medicine, mathematics, and philosophy at the University of Vienna, becoming a Doctor of Medicine in 1917. He had rejected Freudian theory while still a medical student, and became interested in the potential of group settings for therapeutic practice.In his autobiography, Moreno recalls this encounter with Sigmund Freud in 1912. "I attended one of Freud’s lectures. He had just finished an analysis of a telepathic dream. As the students filed out, he singled me out from the crowd and asked me what I was doing. I responded, 'Well, Dr. Freud, I start where you leave off. You meet people in the artificial setting of your office. I meet them on the street and in their homes, in their natural surroundings. You analyze their dreams. I give them the courage to dream again. You analyze and tear them apart. I let them act out their conflicting roles and help them to put the parts back together again.'" | given name | 60 | [
"first name",
"forename",
"given title",
"personal name"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"employer",
"New York City"
] | Director of New York City Planning Commission
In 1938 Tugwell was appointed as the first director of the New York City Planning Commission. New York's reformist mayor, Fiorello LaGuardia, created the commission as part of a city charter reform aimed at reducing corruption and inefficiency. The Planning Commission had relatively limited powers: all actions needed approval from the legislative Board of Estimate. Tugwell tried to assert the commission's power. He tried to retroactively enforce nonconforming land uses, despite a lack of public or legal support. His commission sought to establish public housing at moderate densities, yet repeatedly approved FHA requests for greater density. Robert Moses killed Tugwell's proposed fifty-year master plan with a fiery public denouncement of its open-space protections. | employer | 86 | [
"boss",
"supervisor",
"manager",
"chief",
"director"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"residence",
"Sinclairville"
] | Early life and education
Rexford Tugwell was born in 1891 in Sinclairville, New York. In his youth, he gained an appreciation for workers’ rights and liberal politics from the works of Upton Sinclair, James Bryce, Edward Bellamy, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Charles Richard van Hise. Tugwell began studying economics in graduate work at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and completed his doctorate at Columbia University. At university, he was influenced by the teaching of Scott Nearing and Simon Patten, as well as the writings of John Dewey in philosophy. | residence | 49 | [
"living place",
"dwelling",
"abode",
"habitat",
"domicile"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"occupation",
"economist"
] | Career
Academic economist
After graduation, Tugwell served as junior faculty at the University of Washington, American University in Paris, and Columbia University. At Columbia University he taught economics from 1920 to 1932.Tugwell's approach to economics was experimentalist, and he viewed the industrial planning of World War I as a successful experiment. He advocated agricultural planning (led by industry) to stop the rural poverty that had become prevalent due to a crop surplus after the First World War. This method of controlling production, prices, and costs was especially relevant as the Great Depression began. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"employer",
"Columbia University"
] | Career
Academic economist
After graduation, Tugwell served as junior faculty at the University of Washington, American University in Paris, and Columbia University. At Columbia University he taught economics from 1920 to 1932.Tugwell's approach to economics was experimentalist, and he viewed the industrial planning of World War I as a successful experiment. He advocated agricultural planning (led by industry) to stop the rural poverty that had become prevalent due to a crop surplus after the First World War. This method of controlling production, prices, and costs was especially relevant as the Great Depression began. | employer | 86 | [
"boss",
"supervisor",
"manager",
"chief",
"director"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"occupation",
"official"
] | American Molasses Co.
Given the opposition to his policies, Tugwell resigned from the Roosevelt administration at the end of 1936. He was appointed as a vice president at the American Molasses Co. At this time, he divorced his first wife and married Grace Falke, his former assistant.Director of New York City Planning Commission
In 1938 Tugwell was appointed as the first director of the New York City Planning Commission. New York's reformist mayor, Fiorello LaGuardia, created the commission as part of a city charter reform aimed at reducing corruption and inefficiency. The Planning Commission had relatively limited powers: all actions needed approval from the legislative Board of Estimate. Tugwell tried to assert the commission's power. He tried to retroactively enforce nonconforming land uses, despite a lack of public or legal support. His commission sought to establish public housing at moderate densities, yet repeatedly approved FHA requests for greater density. Robert Moses killed Tugwell's proposed fifty-year master plan with a fiery public denouncement of its open-space protections. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"occupation",
"university teacher"
] | Career
Academic economist
After graduation, Tugwell served as junior faculty at the University of Washington, American University in Paris, and Columbia University. At Columbia University he taught economics from 1920 to 1932.Tugwell's approach to economics was experimentalist, and he viewed the industrial planning of World War I as a successful experiment. He advocated agricultural planning (led by industry) to stop the rural poverty that had become prevalent due to a crop surplus after the First World War. This method of controlling production, prices, and costs was especially relevant as the Great Depression began.Return to academia
After his stint as governor, Tugwell returned to teaching at a variety of institutions. He had years of service at the University of Chicago, where he helped develop their planning program. He moved to Greenbelt, Maryland, one of the new suburbs designed and built by the Resettlement Administration under his direction.
After the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Tugwell believed that global planning was the only sure way to prevent a nuclear apocalypse. He participated in the Committee to Frame a World Constitution from 1945 to 1948. He also thought the national constitution needed to be amended to enable economic planning. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"educated at",
"University of Pennsylvania"
] | Early life and education
Rexford Tugwell was born in 1891 in Sinclairville, New York. In his youth, he gained an appreciation for workers’ rights and liberal politics from the works of Upton Sinclair, James Bryce, Edward Bellamy, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Charles Richard van Hise. Tugwell began studying economics in graduate work at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and completed his doctorate at Columbia University. At university, he was influenced by the teaching of Scott Nearing and Simon Patten, as well as the writings of John Dewey in philosophy. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"occupation",
"academic"
] | Early life and education
Rexford Tugwell was born in 1891 in Sinclairville, New York. In his youth, he gained an appreciation for workers’ rights and liberal politics from the works of Upton Sinclair, James Bryce, Edward Bellamy, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Charles Richard van Hise. Tugwell began studying economics in graduate work at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and completed his doctorate at Columbia University. At university, he was influenced by the teaching of Scott Nearing and Simon Patten, as well as the writings of John Dewey in philosophy.Career
Academic economist
After graduation, Tugwell served as junior faculty at the University of Washington, American University in Paris, and Columbia University. At Columbia University he taught economics from 1920 to 1932.Tugwell's approach to economics was experimentalist, and he viewed the industrial planning of World War I as a successful experiment. He advocated agricultural planning (led by industry) to stop the rural poverty that had become prevalent due to a crop surplus after the First World War. This method of controlling production, prices, and costs was especially relevant as the Great Depression began.Return to academia
After his stint as governor, Tugwell returned to teaching at a variety of institutions. He had years of service at the University of Chicago, where he helped develop their planning program. He moved to Greenbelt, Maryland, one of the new suburbs designed and built by the Resettlement Administration under his direction.
After the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Tugwell believed that global planning was the only sure way to prevent a nuclear apocalypse. He participated in the Committee to Frame a World Constitution from 1945 to 1948. He also thought the national constitution needed to be amended to enable economic planning. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"educated at",
"The Wharton School"
] | Early life and education
Rexford Tugwell was born in 1891 in Sinclairville, New York. In his youth, he gained an appreciation for workers’ rights and liberal politics from the works of Upton Sinclair, James Bryce, Edward Bellamy, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Charles Richard van Hise. Tugwell began studying economics in graduate work at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and completed his doctorate at Columbia University. At university, he was influenced by the teaching of Scott Nearing and Simon Patten, as well as the writings of John Dewey in philosophy. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Rexford Tugwell",
"place of birth",
"Sinclairville"
] | Early life and education
Rexford Tugwell was born in 1891 in Sinclairville, New York. In his youth, he gained an appreciation for workers’ rights and liberal politics from the works of Upton Sinclair, James Bryce, Edward Bellamy, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Charles Richard van Hise. Tugwell began studying economics in graduate work at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and completed his doctorate at Columbia University. At university, he was influenced by the teaching of Scott Nearing and Simon Patten, as well as the writings of John Dewey in philosophy. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Adriano Espaillat",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Immigration
Espaillat visited an immigration detention facility in Carrizo Springs, Texas, vowing that the U.S. needs to do a better job of connecting migrant children detained at the southern border with their families. The first former illegal immigrant in Congress, Espaillat claimed he overstayed a tourist visa in the 1960s and is a staunch supporter of the American Dream and Promise Act. | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Adriano Espaillat",
"member of political party",
"Democratic Party"
] | New York State Assembly
Espaillat served in the New York State Assembly from 1997 to 2010. He was elected in 1996, defeating 16-year incumbent John Brian Murtaugh in the Democratic primary. Espaillat chaired the Black, Puerto Rican, Hispanic & Asian Legislative Caucus, and committees on small business and children & families.
In the Assembly, Espaillat was a vocal advocate for tenants, consumers, veterans, immigrants and local businesses. He passed laws encouraging the construction and preservation of affordable housing, giving low-income day care workers the right to organize and obtain health care, and sponsored measures to improve hospital translation services. He also established a higher education scholarship fund for relatives of the victims of American Airlines Flight 587, which crashed on November 12, 2001. Despite national Republican and conservative criticism, Espaillat strongly supported efforts in 2007 to allow illegal immigrants to obtain driver's licenses.After a wave of assaults and murders against livery cab drivers in 2000 that left over 10 dead, Espaillat passed legislation strengthening penalties for violent crimes against livery drivers and enabled their families to receive New York State Crime Victims Board funding. Livery cabs work in less affluent neighborhoods of New York that typically lack access to yellow cabs.Espaillat took legal action against power utility Con Edison after equipment failures led to a two-day blackout in Upper Manhattan in July 1999 that caused financial damage to restaurants, bodegas and other small businesses. Con Edison subsequently agreed to invest an additional $100 million in Upper Manhattan electrical infrastructure at no cost to ratepayers and was required to refund customers billed for expenses related to the blackout. | member of political party | 95 | [
"affiliated with political party",
"party membership",
"political party member",
"partisan affiliation",
"political affiliation"
] | null | null |
[
"Adriano Espaillat",
"place of birth",
"Santiago de los Caballeros"
] | Early life and education
Espaillat was born on September 27, 1954, in Santiago, Dominican Republic, to Melba (née Cabral) and Ulises Espaillat. He is a great-grandson of Dominican President Ulises Espaillat. Espaillat also has African ancestry and is of mixed Afro-Latino lineage. He and his family moved to the United States in 1964. After overstaying a tourist visa, the Espaillats became lawful permanent residents (Green Card holders) in 1965.Espaillat grew up in Washington Heights. He graduated from Bishop Dubois High School in 1974 and earned his B.S. degree in political science at Queens College in 1978. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Adriano Espaillat",
"position held",
"member of the New York State Assembly"
] | New York State Assembly
Espaillat served in the New York State Assembly from 1997 to 2010. He was elected in 1996, defeating 16-year incumbent John Brian Murtaugh in the Democratic primary. Espaillat chaired the Black, Puerto Rican, Hispanic & Asian Legislative Caucus, and committees on small business and children & families.
In the Assembly, Espaillat was a vocal advocate for tenants, consumers, veterans, immigrants and local businesses. He passed laws encouraging the construction and preservation of affordable housing, giving low-income day care workers the right to organize and obtain health care, and sponsored measures to improve hospital translation services. He also established a higher education scholarship fund for relatives of the victims of American Airlines Flight 587, which crashed on November 12, 2001. Despite national Republican and conservative criticism, Espaillat strongly supported efforts in 2007 to allow illegal immigrants to obtain driver's licenses.After a wave of assaults and murders against livery cab drivers in 2000 that left over 10 dead, Espaillat passed legislation strengthening penalties for violent crimes against livery drivers and enabled their families to receive New York State Crime Victims Board funding. Livery cabs work in less affluent neighborhoods of New York that typically lack access to yellow cabs.Espaillat took legal action against power utility Con Edison after equipment failures led to a two-day blackout in Upper Manhattan in July 1999 that caused financial damage to restaurants, bodegas and other small businesses. Con Edison subsequently agreed to invest an additional $100 million in Upper Manhattan electrical infrastructure at no cost to ratepayers and was required to refund customers billed for expenses related to the blackout. | position held | 59 | [
"occupation",
"job title",
"post",
"office",
"rank"
] | null | null |
[
"Adriano Espaillat",
"position held",
"United States representative"
] | Adriano de Jesús Espaillat Rodríguez (; born September 27, 1954) is a Dominican-American politician. He is the U.S. representative for New York's 13th congressional district and the first Dominican American and first formerly illegal immigrant to serve in Congress. He previously served in the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly.Espaillat was a ranking member of the New York Senate Housing, Construction and Community Development Committee and chaired the Senate Latino Caucus. He represented the neighborhoods of Marble Hill, Inwood, Washington Heights, Hamilton Heights, Manhattanville, Morningside Heights, East Harlem and the Upper West Side in Manhattan.
Espaillat is a Democrat. He challenged then-Representative Charles Rangel in the Democratic primaries in 2012 and 2014, eventually winning the Democratic nomination in 2016 after Rangel announced his retirement. Espaillat represents one of the most Democratic districts in the country, with a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+38. | position held | 59 | [
"occupation",
"job title",
"post",
"office",
"rank"
] | null | null |
[
"Loree Sutton",
"employer",
"New York City"
] | Loree K. Sutton (born July 15, 1959) is an American psychiatrist and retired military officer who served as a brigadier general in the United States Army. Sutton served for over 20 years and was awarded a Bronze Star. From 2007 to 2010, She was the Army's highest-ranking psychiatrist. In 2014, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio appointed Sutton as Commissioner of the New York City Department of Veterans' Services. Sutton was a candidate in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary. | employer | 86 | [
"boss",
"supervisor",
"manager",
"chief",
"director"
] | null | null |
[
"Loree Sutton",
"place of birth",
"Loma Linda"
] | Early life and education
Sutton was born and raised in Loma Linda, California. Her mother, Lavaun Sutton, was a former cardiac intensive care nurse.Sutton graduated from Pacific Union College with a Bachelor of Science in business administration in 1981. Sutton graduated from medical school at Loma Linda University in 1985, and completed her internship and residency in psychiatry at Letterman Army Medical Center. She is also a graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, with an M.S. in national security strategic studies, and the National War College. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Loree Sutton",
"award received",
"Bronze Star Medal"
] | Loree K. Sutton (born July 15, 1959) is an American psychiatrist and retired military officer who served as a brigadier general in the United States Army. Sutton served for over 20 years and was awarded a Bronze Star. From 2007 to 2010, She was the Army's highest-ranking psychiatrist. In 2014, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio appointed Sutton as Commissioner of the New York City Department of Veterans' Services. Sutton was a candidate in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary.Career
Military service
Sutton served in the United States military for over 20 years. She was deployed to Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, and Egypt in support of the first Gulf War and other missions.Sutton was commander of the Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center in Fort Hood, Texas, beginning in 2005, commander of the DeWitt Army Community Hospital, Deputy Commander for clinical services at the General Leonard Wood Army Community Hospital, and a special assistant to the Surgeon General of the United States Army.Sutton was the founding director of the Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury in 2007, and was a special assistant to the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs. She was the United States Army's highest-ranking psychiatrist from 2007 to 2010.During her career, Sutton received many awards, including the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, Defense Meritorious Service Medal, and Order of Military Medical Merit. She was one of only 15 female generals out of the 1.3 million soldiers serving in the Army. She retired from the military in 2010. | award received | 62 | [
"received an award",
"given an award",
"won an award",
"received a prize",
"awarded with"
] | null | null |
[
"Loree Sutton",
"educated at",
"United States Army Command and General Staff College"
] | Early life and education
Sutton was born and raised in Loma Linda, California. Her mother, Lavaun Sutton, was a former cardiac intensive care nurse.Sutton graduated from Pacific Union College with a Bachelor of Science in business administration in 1981. Sutton graduated from medical school at Loma Linda University in 1985, and completed her internship and residency in psychiatry at Letterman Army Medical Center. She is also a graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, with an M.S. in national security strategic studies, and the National War College. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Loree Sutton",
"family name",
"Sutton"
] | Loree K. Sutton (born July 15, 1959) is an American psychiatrist and retired military officer who served as a brigadier general in the United States Army. Sutton served for over 20 years and was awarded a Bronze Star. From 2007 to 2010, She was the Army's highest-ranking psychiatrist. In 2014, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio appointed Sutton as Commissioner of the New York City Department of Veterans' Services. Sutton was a candidate in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary. | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Loree Sutton",
"military rank",
"brigadier general"
] | Loree K. Sutton (born July 15, 1959) is an American psychiatrist and retired military officer who served as a brigadier general in the United States Army. Sutton served for over 20 years and was awarded a Bronze Star. From 2007 to 2010, She was the Army's highest-ranking psychiatrist. In 2014, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio appointed Sutton as Commissioner of the New York City Department of Veterans' Services. Sutton was a candidate in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary. | military rank | 53 | [
"rank in the military",
"military designation",
"military title",
"military grade",
"military position"
] | null | null |
[
"Loree Sutton",
"sex or gender",
"female"
] | Loree K. Sutton (born July 15, 1959) is an American psychiatrist and retired military officer who served as a brigadier general in the United States Army. Sutton served for over 20 years and was awarded a Bronze Star. From 2007 to 2010, She was the Army's highest-ranking psychiatrist. In 2014, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio appointed Sutton as Commissioner of the New York City Department of Veterans' Services. Sutton was a candidate in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary. | sex or gender | 65 | [
"biological sex",
"gender identity",
"gender expression",
"sexual orientation",
"gender classification"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Michael P. Walsh (born August 17, 1943) is an American vehicle emissions engineer.Life
Walsh graduated from Manhattan College with a B.S. (1966), and studied at Princeton University (1969–70). He worked in government service, directing motor vehicle pollution control efforts in the City of New York Department of Air Resources (1970–74) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1974–81).
Since 1981, Walsh has been an independent technical consultant on vehicle emission standards.In 2005, he received a "genius grant" from the MacArthur Fellows Program.Works
Air pollution from motor vehicles: standards and technologies for controlling emissions, Asif Faiz, Christopher S. Weaver, Michael P. Walsh, World Bank Publications, 1996, ISBN 978-0-8213-3444-7
Clean fuels for Asia: technical options for moving toward unleaded gasoline and low-sulfur diesel, Michael Walsh, Jitendra J. Shah, World Bank Publications, 1997, ISBN 978-0-8213-4033-2
Urban Air Pollution in Developing Country Megacities, Slideshare, Michael P. Walsh | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"country of citizenship",
"United States of America"
] | Michael P. Walsh (born August 17, 1943) is an American vehicle emissions engineer. | country of citizenship | 63 | [
"citizenship country",
"place of citizenship",
"country of origin",
"citizenship nation",
"country of citizenship status"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"educated at",
"Princeton University"
] | Life
Walsh graduated from Manhattan College with a B.S. (1966), and studied at Princeton University (1969–70). He worked in government service, directing motor vehicle pollution control efforts in the City of New York Department of Air Resources (1970–74) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1974–81).
Since 1981, Walsh has been an independent technical consultant on vehicle emission standards.In 2005, he received a "genius grant" from the MacArthur Fellows Program. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"occupation",
"engineer"
] | Michael P. Walsh (born August 17, 1943) is an American vehicle emissions engineer. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"sex or gender",
"male"
] | Michael P. Walsh (born August 17, 1943) is an American vehicle emissions engineer.Life
Walsh graduated from Manhattan College with a B.S. (1966), and studied at Princeton University (1969–70). He worked in government service, directing motor vehicle pollution control efforts in the City of New York Department of Air Resources (1970–74) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1974–81).
Since 1981, Walsh has been an independent technical consultant on vehicle emission standards.In 2005, he received a "genius grant" from the MacArthur Fellows Program.Works
Air pollution from motor vehicles: standards and technologies for controlling emissions, Asif Faiz, Christopher S. Weaver, Michael P. Walsh, World Bank Publications, 1996, ISBN 978-0-8213-3444-7
Clean fuels for Asia: technical options for moving toward unleaded gasoline and low-sulfur diesel, Michael Walsh, Jitendra J. Shah, World Bank Publications, 1997, ISBN 978-0-8213-4033-2
Urban Air Pollution in Developing Country Megacities, Slideshare, Michael P. Walsh | sex or gender | 65 | [
"biological sex",
"gender identity",
"gender expression",
"sexual orientation",
"gender classification"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"family name",
"Walsh"
] | Michael P. Walsh (born August 17, 1943) is an American vehicle emissions engineer.Life
Walsh graduated from Manhattan College with a B.S. (1966), and studied at Princeton University (1969–70). He worked in government service, directing motor vehicle pollution control efforts in the City of New York Department of Air Resources (1970–74) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1974–81).
Since 1981, Walsh has been an independent technical consultant on vehicle emission standards.In 2005, he received a "genius grant" from the MacArthur Fellows Program.Works
Air pollution from motor vehicles: standards and technologies for controlling emissions, Asif Faiz, Christopher S. Weaver, Michael P. Walsh, World Bank Publications, 1996, ISBN 978-0-8213-3444-7
Clean fuels for Asia: technical options for moving toward unleaded gasoline and low-sulfur diesel, Michael Walsh, Jitendra J. Shah, World Bank Publications, 1997, ISBN 978-0-8213-4033-2
Urban Air Pollution in Developing Country Megacities, Slideshare, Michael P. Walsh | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"award received",
"MacArthur Fellows Program"
] | Life
Walsh graduated from Manhattan College with a B.S. (1966), and studied at Princeton University (1969–70). He worked in government service, directing motor vehicle pollution control efforts in the City of New York Department of Air Resources (1970–74) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1974–81).
Since 1981, Walsh has been an independent technical consultant on vehicle emission standards.In 2005, he received a "genius grant" from the MacArthur Fellows Program. | award received | 62 | [
"received an award",
"given an award",
"won an award",
"received a prize",
"awarded with"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"educated at",
"Manhattan College"
] | Life
Walsh graduated from Manhattan College with a B.S. (1966), and studied at Princeton University (1969–70). He worked in government service, directing motor vehicle pollution control efforts in the City of New York Department of Air Resources (1970–74) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1974–81).
Since 1981, Walsh has been an independent technical consultant on vehicle emission standards.In 2005, he received a "genius grant" from the MacArthur Fellows Program. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Michael Walsh (engineer)",
"given name",
"Michael"
] | Michael P. Walsh (born August 17, 1943) is an American vehicle emissions engineer. | given name | 60 | [
"first name",
"forename",
"given title",
"personal name"
] | null | null |
[
"Patricia Harris",
"place of birth",
"New York City"
] | Early life and education
Born in 1956 and raised in New York City, Harris became interested in public service in high school, when she volunteered in then Congressman Ed Koch’s office.In 1977, Harris graduated from Franklin & Marshall College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Government. Franklin and Marshall's Harris Center for Business, Government, and Public Policy was donated in her name in 2009, and she has served on the college's Board of Trustees since 2006. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Patricia Harris",
"educated at",
"Franklin & Marshall College"
] | Early life and education
Born in 1956 and raised in New York City, Harris became interested in public service in high school, when she volunteered in then Congressman Ed Koch’s office.In 1977, Harris graduated from Franklin & Marshall College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Government. Franklin and Marshall's Harris Center for Business, Government, and Public Policy was donated in her name in 2009, and she has served on the college's Board of Trustees since 2006. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Patricia Harris",
"member of",
"Franklin & Marshall College"
] | Early life and education
Born in 1956 and raised in New York City, Harris became interested in public service in high school, when she volunteered in then Congressman Ed Koch’s office.In 1977, Harris graduated from Franklin & Marshall College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Government. Franklin and Marshall's Harris Center for Business, Government, and Public Policy was donated in her name in 2009, and she has served on the college's Board of Trustees since 2006. | member of | 55 | [
"part of",
"belonging to",
"affiliated with",
"associated with",
"connected to"
] | null | null |
[
"Patricia Harris",
"position held",
"chief executive officer"
] | Patricia Harris (born September 1, 1956) is the chief executive officer of Michael Bloomberg's philanthropic foundation, Bloomberg Philanthropies. She was first deputy mayor for the City of New York from 2002 to December 31, 2013. She advised the Mayor of New York City, then Bloomberg, on administrative, operational, and policy matters. As of 2016, she was listed as the 87th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes.Career
In 1977, Harris began her public service career as an assistant to Congressman Koch. Upon Koch's election as Mayor, she became an Assistant to the deputy mayor in 1979, and subsequently was appointed Assistant to the mayor for Federal Affairs. From 1983 to 1990, she served as executive director of the City's Art Commission.Following her work with the Koch Administration, Harris served as vice president for Public Relations at Serino Coyne Advertising before joining Bloomberg LP in 1994, where she managed Bloomberg LP's Philanthropy, Public Relations, and Governmental Affairs divisions. Harris is generally credited with introducing founder Michael Bloomberg to the worlds of art and philanthropy.Harris joined Michael Bloomberg's administration when he was elected mayor in 2001, serving first as deputy mayor for Administration until 2005, when she was appointed first deputy mayor. Harris was the first woman in New York City's history to serve in this role. Harris is known as a key trusted adviser to Bloomberg, and she weighs in on every major policy or personnel decision.Crain's Business New York named Patti Harris the fourth most powerful woman in New York City in 2013 and, according to a New York Times profile, she was the most powerful person in the Bloomberg administration.Harris currently serves as the chief executive officer of Bloomberg Philanthropies. Harris oversaw Bloomberg's philanthropic giving, which he valued as a key component of his legacy. Michael Bloomberg, a billionaire, has pledged to give away all of his wealth. As of 2016, she is listed as the 87th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes. | position held | 59 | [
"occupation",
"job title",
"post",
"office",
"rank"
] | null | null |
[
"Patricia Harris",
"employer",
"Bloomberg Philanthropies"
] | Career
In 1977, Harris began her public service career as an assistant to Congressman Koch. Upon Koch's election as Mayor, she became an Assistant to the deputy mayor in 1979, and subsequently was appointed Assistant to the mayor for Federal Affairs. From 1983 to 1990, she served as executive director of the City's Art Commission.Following her work with the Koch Administration, Harris served as vice president for Public Relations at Serino Coyne Advertising before joining Bloomberg LP in 1994, where she managed Bloomberg LP's Philanthropy, Public Relations, and Governmental Affairs divisions. Harris is generally credited with introducing founder Michael Bloomberg to the worlds of art and philanthropy.Harris joined Michael Bloomberg's administration when he was elected mayor in 2001, serving first as deputy mayor for Administration until 2005, when she was appointed first deputy mayor. Harris was the first woman in New York City's history to serve in this role. Harris is known as a key trusted adviser to Bloomberg, and she weighs in on every major policy or personnel decision.Crain's Business New York named Patti Harris the fourth most powerful woman in New York City in 2013 and, according to a New York Times profile, she was the most powerful person in the Bloomberg administration.Harris currently serves as the chief executive officer of Bloomberg Philanthropies. Harris oversaw Bloomberg's philanthropic giving, which he valued as a key component of his legacy. Michael Bloomberg, a billionaire, has pledged to give away all of his wealth. As of 2016, she is listed as the 87th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes. | employer | 86 | [
"boss",
"supervisor",
"manager",
"chief",
"director"
] | null | null |
[
"Patricia Harris",
"position held",
"First Deputy Mayor"
] | Career
In 1977, Harris began her public service career as an assistant to Congressman Koch. Upon Koch's election as Mayor, she became an Assistant to the deputy mayor in 1979, and subsequently was appointed Assistant to the mayor for Federal Affairs. From 1983 to 1990, she served as executive director of the City's Art Commission.Following her work with the Koch Administration, Harris served as vice president for Public Relations at Serino Coyne Advertising before joining Bloomberg LP in 1994, where she managed Bloomberg LP's Philanthropy, Public Relations, and Governmental Affairs divisions. Harris is generally credited with introducing founder Michael Bloomberg to the worlds of art and philanthropy.Harris joined Michael Bloomberg's administration when he was elected mayor in 2001, serving first as deputy mayor for Administration until 2005, when she was appointed first deputy mayor. Harris was the first woman in New York City's history to serve in this role. Harris is known as a key trusted adviser to Bloomberg, and she weighs in on every major policy or personnel decision.Crain's Business New York named Patti Harris the fourth most powerful woman in New York City in 2013 and, according to a New York Times profile, she was the most powerful person in the Bloomberg administration.Harris currently serves as the chief executive officer of Bloomberg Philanthropies. Harris oversaw Bloomberg's philanthropic giving, which he valued as a key component of his legacy. Michael Bloomberg, a billionaire, has pledged to give away all of his wealth. As of 2016, she is listed as the 87th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes. | position held | 59 | [
"occupation",
"job title",
"post",
"office",
"rank"
] | null | null |
[
"Patricia Harris",
"family name",
"Harris"
] | Early life and education
Born in 1956 and raised in New York City, Harris became interested in public service in high school, when she volunteered in then Congressman Ed Koch’s office.In 1977, Harris graduated from Franklin & Marshall College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Government. Franklin and Marshall's Harris Center for Business, Government, and Public Policy was donated in her name in 2009, and she has served on the college's Board of Trustees since 2006. | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Michel Gelobter",
"residence",
"Upper West Side"
] | Early life and education
Gelobter grew up in Flatbush, Brooklyn and on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. His father was a Polish Jew and his mother was a black Bermudan.In 1984, Gelobter received a B.S. degree in Conservation and Resource Studies from the University of California, Berkeley after first attending Deep Springs College. He has an M.S. and a Ph.D., which he earned in 1993, from the University of California, Berkeley. His masters and doctoral research were about economic and racial inequality in the geographical distribution of air pollution. His dissertation was the first ever on environmental justice, and at Berkeley he taught the first classes ever offered in the field as well. | residence | 49 | [
"living place",
"dwelling",
"abode",
"habitat",
"domicile"
] | null | null |
[
"Michel Gelobter",
"residence",
"Flatbush"
] | Early life and education
Gelobter grew up in Flatbush, Brooklyn and on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. His father was a Polish Jew and his mother was a black Bermudan.In 1984, Gelobter received a B.S. degree in Conservation and Resource Studies from the University of California, Berkeley after first attending Deep Springs College. He has an M.S. and a Ph.D., which he earned in 1993, from the University of California, Berkeley. His masters and doctoral research were about economic and racial inequality in the geographical distribution of air pollution. His dissertation was the first ever on environmental justice, and at Berkeley he taught the first classes ever offered in the field as well. | residence | 49 | [
"living place",
"dwelling",
"abode",
"habitat",
"domicile"
] | null | null |
[
"Michel Gelobter",
"occupation",
"environmentalist"
] | Career
After graduating, Gelobter worked for the House of Representatives' Energy and Commerce Committee, chaired by John Dingell, and then served in the government of the City of New York under Mayor David Dinkins as Director of Environmental Quality. He then became founding Director of the Environmental Policy Program at Columbia University's School of International and Public Affairs, where he was appointed an assistant professor. Next, he became a professor in the public administration department at Rutgers University.In 2001 he moved back to California and became executive director of an environmental think tank called Redefining Progress. As part of that organization he advocated for California to adopt strong regulation of greenhouse gases through market mechanisms, which contributed to the passing of the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006.In 2007 he founded Cooler, a social venture that originally intended to launch a carbon offset credit card, and then offered two services – one to consumers to provide carbon offsets for goods they bought online, and the other partnering with online retailers to help them source carbon neutral goods to sell, using a model to calculate the carbon footprint of the goods. He then joined Hara, a Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers-backed company that developed and sold environmental management systems, as its Chief Green Officer, and then co-founded BuildingEnergy.com, a cloud-based building energy management business.After that, he started to work with the David and Lucile Packard Foundation to develop prize-based methods to find solutions to address global warming in the developing world, and joined Infoedge, a management consulting firm, where he directed their energy and innovation practices. He is a member of the board of trustees of Ceres. He founded the Green Leadership Trust, served on the board of trustees of the Natural Resources Defense Council, and was a member of the advisory board of Al Gore's Alliance for Climate Protection. He has been a guest speaker at Singularity University, and spoke at the 2016 The Lean Startup Conference. He also lectures at the University of California, Berkeley. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Michel Gelobter",
"family name",
"Gelobter"
] | Early life and education
Gelobter grew up in Flatbush, Brooklyn and on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. His father was a Polish Jew and his mother was a black Bermudan.In 1984, Gelobter received a B.S. degree in Conservation and Resource Studies from the University of California, Berkeley after first attending Deep Springs College. He has an M.S. and a Ph.D., which he earned in 1993, from the University of California, Berkeley. His masters and doctoral research were about economic and racial inequality in the geographical distribution of air pollution. His dissertation was the first ever on environmental justice, and at Berkeley he taught the first classes ever offered in the field as well. | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Wanda Alston",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Wanda Alston (April 7, 1959 – March 16, 2005) was an American feminist, LGBT activist, and a government official. She was born in Newport News, Virginia.
In the 1990s, Alston served in the National Organization for Women (NOW) as an executive assistant. She was also a co-leader in 1995 to the UN World Conference on Women in Beijing. She was a political organizer for five marches in Washington, D.C. and San Francisco. She was an elected member of NOW's National Board of Directors. Alston also worked as a political consultant and was active in the Democratic Party. She also worked as an events organizer with the Human Rights Campaign. She was active in the recovery movement in Washington, D.C. Alston was an active member of her local church, Unity of Washington.Alston was also a leader in the LGBT community and was the acting director of the Washington, D.C. Office of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Affairs from 2004 until her death.
Alston died on March 16, 2005, as a result of a homicide in her home in Washington, D.C. She was stabbed to death.In June 2019, Alston was one of the inaugural fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history, and the wall’s unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Wanda Alston",
"manner of death",
"homicide"
] | Wanda Alston (April 7, 1959 – March 16, 2005) was an American feminist, LGBT activist, and a government official. She was born in Newport News, Virginia.
In the 1990s, Alston served in the National Organization for Women (NOW) as an executive assistant. She was also a co-leader in 1995 to the UN World Conference on Women in Beijing. She was a political organizer for five marches in Washington, D.C. and San Francisco. She was an elected member of NOW's National Board of Directors. Alston also worked as a political consultant and was active in the Democratic Party. She also worked as an events organizer with the Human Rights Campaign. She was active in the recovery movement in Washington, D.C. Alston was an active member of her local church, Unity of Washington.Alston was also a leader in the LGBT community and was the acting director of the Washington, D.C. Office of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Affairs from 2004 until her death.
Alston died on March 16, 2005, as a result of a homicide in her home in Washington, D.C. She was stabbed to death.In June 2019, Alston was one of the inaugural fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history, and the wall’s unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. | manner of death | 44 | [
"cause of death",
"mode of death",
"method of death",
"way of dying",
"circumstances of death"
] | null | null |
[
"Wanda Alston",
"cause of death",
"stabbing"
] | Wanda Alston (April 7, 1959 – March 16, 2005) was an American feminist, LGBT activist, and a government official. She was born in Newport News, Virginia.
In the 1990s, Alston served in the National Organization for Women (NOW) as an executive assistant. She was also a co-leader in 1995 to the UN World Conference on Women in Beijing. She was a political organizer for five marches in Washington, D.C. and San Francisco. She was an elected member of NOW's National Board of Directors. Alston also worked as a political consultant and was active in the Democratic Party. She also worked as an events organizer with the Human Rights Campaign. She was active in the recovery movement in Washington, D.C. Alston was an active member of her local church, Unity of Washington.Alston was also a leader in the LGBT community and was the acting director of the Washington, D.C. Office of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Affairs from 2004 until her death.
Alston died on March 16, 2005, as a result of a homicide in her home in Washington, D.C. She was stabbed to death.In June 2019, Alston was one of the inaugural fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history, and the wall’s unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. | cause of death | 43 | [
"manner of death",
"reason for death",
"mode of death",
"source of death",
"factors leading to death"
] | null | null |
[
"Wanda Alston",
"sex or gender",
"female"
] | Wanda Alston (April 7, 1959 – March 16, 2005) was an American feminist, LGBT activist, and a government official. She was born in Newport News, Virginia.
In the 1990s, Alston served in the National Organization for Women (NOW) as an executive assistant. She was also a co-leader in 1995 to the UN World Conference on Women in Beijing. She was a political organizer for five marches in Washington, D.C. and San Francisco. She was an elected member of NOW's National Board of Directors. Alston also worked as a political consultant and was active in the Democratic Party. She also worked as an events organizer with the Human Rights Campaign. She was active in the recovery movement in Washington, D.C. Alston was an active member of her local church, Unity of Washington.Alston was also a leader in the LGBT community and was the acting director of the Washington, D.C. Office of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Affairs from 2004 until her death.
Alston died on March 16, 2005, as a result of a homicide in her home in Washington, D.C. She was stabbed to death.In June 2019, Alston was one of the inaugural fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history, and the wall’s unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. | sex or gender | 65 | [
"biological sex",
"gender identity",
"gender expression",
"sexual orientation",
"gender classification"
] | null | null |
[
"Wanda Alston",
"given name",
"Wanda"
] | Wanda Alston (April 7, 1959 – March 16, 2005) was an American feminist, LGBT activist, and a government official. She was born in Newport News, Virginia.
In the 1990s, Alston served in the National Organization for Women (NOW) as an executive assistant. She was also a co-leader in 1995 to the UN World Conference on Women in Beijing. She was a political organizer for five marches in Washington, D.C. and San Francisco. She was an elected member of NOW's National Board of Directors. Alston also worked as a political consultant and was active in the Democratic Party. She also worked as an events organizer with the Human Rights Campaign. She was active in the recovery movement in Washington, D.C. Alston was an active member of her local church, Unity of Washington.Alston was also a leader in the LGBT community and was the acting director of the Washington, D.C. Office of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Affairs from 2004 until her death.
Alston died on March 16, 2005, as a result of a homicide in her home in Washington, D.C. She was stabbed to death.In June 2019, Alston was one of the inaugural fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history, and the wall’s unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. | given name | 60 | [
"first name",
"forename",
"given title",
"personal name"
] | null | null |
[
"Wanda Alston",
"family name",
"Alston"
] | Wanda Alston (April 7, 1959 – March 16, 2005) was an American feminist, LGBT activist, and a government official. She was born in Newport News, Virginia.
In the 1990s, Alston served in the National Organization for Women (NOW) as an executive assistant. She was also a co-leader in 1995 to the UN World Conference on Women in Beijing. She was a political organizer for five marches in Washington, D.C. and San Francisco. She was an elected member of NOW's National Board of Directors. Alston also worked as a political consultant and was active in the Democratic Party. She also worked as an events organizer with the Human Rights Campaign. She was active in the recovery movement in Washington, D.C. Alston was an active member of her local church, Unity of Washington.Alston was also a leader in the LGBT community and was the acting director of the Washington, D.C. Office of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Affairs from 2004 until her death.
Alston died on March 16, 2005, as a result of a homicide in her home in Washington, D.C. She was stabbed to death.In June 2019, Alston was one of the inaugural fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history, and the wall’s unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Wanda Alston",
"occupation",
"LGBTQI+ rights activist"
] | Wanda Alston (April 7, 1959 – March 16, 2005) was an American feminist, LGBT activist, and a government official. She was born in Newport News, Virginia.
In the 1990s, Alston served in the National Organization for Women (NOW) as an executive assistant. She was also a co-leader in 1995 to the UN World Conference on Women in Beijing. She was a political organizer for five marches in Washington, D.C. and San Francisco. She was an elected member of NOW's National Board of Directors. Alston also worked as a political consultant and was active in the Democratic Party. She also worked as an events organizer with the Human Rights Campaign. She was active in the recovery movement in Washington, D.C. Alston was an active member of her local church, Unity of Washington.Alston was also a leader in the LGBT community and was the acting director of the Washington, D.C. Office of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Affairs from 2004 until her death.
Alston died on March 16, 2005, as a result of a homicide in her home in Washington, D.C. She was stabbed to death.In June 2019, Alston was one of the inaugural fifty American “pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes” inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York City’s Stonewall Inn. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history, and the wall’s unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots. | occupation | 48 | [
"job",
"profession",
"career",
"vocation",
"employment"
] | null | null |
[
"Frances Chung (dancer)",
"place of birth",
"Vancouver"
] | Frances Chung is a Canadian ballet dancer. She is currently a principal dancer at the San Francisco Ballet.Early life
Chung was born in Vancouver and is of Chinese descent. Her father worked for an electronic company, her mother was a cook, and her sister works in finance. She started ballet and playing the piano when she was five, at a community centre near her home. She attended Magee Secondary School and trained at Goh Ballet Academy. Though most of Chung's teachers are Chinese, she was trained in multiple dance styles, such as French, Russian and English. She also did contemporary, jazz, and Asian dance. However, she did not have any American training. When she was 16, she attended a summer intensives at Boston Ballet, she was then asked to join the studio company, but her mother insisted she graduate high school. | place of birth | 42 | [
"birthplace",
"place of origin",
"native place",
"homeland",
"birth city"
] | null | null |
[
"Frances Chung (dancer)",
"residence",
"Vancouver"
] | Early life
Chung was born in Vancouver and is of Chinese descent. Her father worked for an electronic company, her mother was a cook, and her sister works in finance. She started ballet and playing the piano when she was five, at a community centre near her home. She attended Magee Secondary School and trained at Goh Ballet Academy. Though most of Chung's teachers are Chinese, she was trained in multiple dance styles, such as French, Russian and English. She also did contemporary, jazz, and Asian dance. However, she did not have any American training. When she was 16, she attended a summer intensives at Boston Ballet, she was then asked to join the studio company, but her mother insisted she graduate high school. | residence | 49 | [
"living place",
"dwelling",
"abode",
"habitat",
"domicile"
] | null | null |
[
"Frances Chung (dancer)",
"educated at",
"Magee Secondary School"
] | Early life
Chung was born in Vancouver and is of Chinese descent. Her father worked for an electronic company, her mother was a cook, and her sister works in finance. She started ballet and playing the piano when she was five, at a community centre near her home. She attended Magee Secondary School and trained at Goh Ballet Academy. Though most of Chung's teachers are Chinese, she was trained in multiple dance styles, such as French, Russian and English. She also did contemporary, jazz, and Asian dance. However, she did not have any American training. When she was 16, she attended a summer intensives at Boston Ballet, she was then asked to join the studio company, but her mother insisted she graduate high school. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Frances Chung (dancer)",
"educated at",
"Goh Ballet Academy"
] | Early life
Chung was born in Vancouver and is of Chinese descent. Her father worked for an electronic company, her mother was a cook, and her sister works in finance. She started ballet and playing the piano when she was five, at a community centre near her home. She attended Magee Secondary School and trained at Goh Ballet Academy. Though most of Chung's teachers are Chinese, she was trained in multiple dance styles, such as French, Russian and English. She also did contemporary, jazz, and Asian dance. However, she did not have any American training. When she was 16, she attended a summer intensives at Boston Ballet, she was then asked to join the studio company, but her mother insisted she graduate high school. | educated at | 56 | [
"studied at",
"graduated from",
"attended",
"enrolled at",
"completed education at"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"family name",
"Brandt"
] | Early life and WWII
Willy Brandt was born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm in the Free City of Lübeck (German Empire) on 18 December 1913. His mother was Martha Frahm (1894–1969) a single parent, who worked as a cashier for a department store. His father was a teacher from Hamburg named John Heinrich Möller (1887–1958) whom Brandt never met. As his mother worked six days a week, he was mainly brought up by his mother's stepfather, Ludwig Frahm (1875–1935). He joined the "Socialist Youth" in 1929 and the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in 1930. He left the SPD to join the more left wing Socialist Workers Party (SAP), which was allied to the POUM in Spain and the Independent Labour Party in Britain.
After passing his Abitur in 1932 at Johanneum zu Lübeck, he became an apprentice at the shipbroker and ship's agent F.H. Bertling. In 1933, using his connections with the port and its ships, he left Germany for Norway to escape Nazi persecution. It was at this time that he adopted the pseudonym Willy Brandt to avoid detection by Nazi agents. In 1934, he took part in the founding of the International Bureau of Revolutionary Youth Organizations, and was elected to its secretariat.Brandt was in Germany from September to December 1936, disguised as a Norwegian student named Gunnar Gaasland. The real Gunnar Gaasland was married to Gertrud Meyer from Lübeck in a marriage of convenience to protect her from deportation. Meyer had joined Brandt in Norway in July 1933. In 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, Brandt worked in Spain as a journalist. In 1938, the German government revoked his citizenship, so he applied for Norwegian citizenship. In 1940, he was arrested in Norway by occupying German forces, but his real identity was not uncovered as he wore a Norwegian uniform. Upon his release, he escaped to neutral Sweden. In August 1940, he became a Norwegian citizen, receiving his passport from the Norwegian legation in Stockholm, where he lived until the end of the war. He lectured in Sweden on 1 December 1940 at Bommersvik College about problems experienced by the social democrats in Nazi Germany and the occupied countries at the start of the Second World War. In exile in Norway and Sweden, he learned Norwegian and Swedish. He spoke Norwegian fluently, and retained a close relationship with Norway.In late 1946, Brandt returned to Berlin, working for the Norwegian government. In 1948, he re-joined the SPD and became a German citizen again, formally adopting the pseudonym Willy Brandt as his legal name. In 2021, it became known that Brandt served as a paid informant for the US Counterintelligence Corps from 1948 to 1952. He supplied reports on circumstances in the GDR, including the situation of East German authorities and industries, as well as Soviet troops.Brandt's family
From 1941 until 1948, Brandt was married to Anna Carlotta Thorkildsen (the daughter of a Norwegian father and a German-American mother). They had a daughter, Ninja Brandt (born in 1940). After Brandt and Thorkildsen were divorced in 1948, Brandt married the Norwegian-born German writer Rut Hansen in the same year. Hansen and Brandt had three sons: Peter Brandt (born in 1948), Lars Brandt (born in 1951) and Matthias Brandt (born in 1961). After 32 years of marriage, Willy Brandt and Rut Hansen Brandt divorced in 1980, and from the day that they were divorced they never saw each other again. On 9 December 1983, Brandt married Brigitte Seebacher (born in 1946). | family name | 54 | [
"surname",
"last name",
"patronymic",
"family surname",
"clan name"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"cause of death",
"colorectal cancer"
] | Death and legacy
Brandt died of colon cancer at his home in Unkel, a town on the River Rhine, on 8 October 1992, at the age of 78. He was given a state funeral and was buried at the cemetery at Zehlendorf in Berlin.The Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt Foundation was established in 1994. It serves to honor the memory of Brandt's political accomplishments and his commitment to peace, freedom and democracy. The foundation runs two permanent exhibitions: one in Berlin, and the other in Lübeck, where Brandt was born. Other works of the foundation include oversight of Brandt's papers, speeches and letters (the Berlin Edition), historical research as well as organizing lectures and international conferences.In 1997, a park in Stockholm was named in Brandt's honor. It is close to where he lived during his exile in Sweden 1941–1945.When the SPD moved its headquarters from Bonn back to Berlin in the mid-1990s, the new headquarters was named the "Willy Brandt Haus". One of the buildings of the European Parliament in Brussels was named after him in 2008.
On 6 December 2000, a memorial to Brandt and Warschauer Kniefall was unveiled in Warsaw, Poland.
German artist Johannes Heisig painted several portraits of Brandt of which one was unveiled as part of an honoring event at German Historical Institute Washington, DC on 18 March 2003. Spokesmen amongst others were former German Federal Minister Egon Bahr and former U.S. Secretary of state Henry Kissinger.In 2009, the Willy-Brandt-Memorial was opened up in Nuremberg at the Willy-Brandt Square. It was created by the artist Josef Tabachnyk.
In 2009, the University of Erfurt renamed its graduate school of public administration as the Willy Brandt School of Public Policy. A private German-language secondary school in Warsaw, Poland, is also named after Brandt.
The main boulevard at the north entrance of the Montenegrin capital Podgorica was named Willy Brandt Boulevard in 2011.Brandt also has an unusual memorial in Hammersmith in London, United Kingdom. In 1963, when he was mayor of West Berlin, Brandt travelled to Hammersmith with a street lamp from West Berlin, and presented it to the mayor of Hammersmith to mark its twinning with Neukölln. The lamp now stands on the wall of Westcott Lodge, facing Furnival Gardens, with a commemorative plaque below it.Although Brandt had only served five years in office as Chancellor of Germany, he remains as one of the most popular politicians in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Berlin Brandenburg Airport, which opened in late 2020, is also named in his honor. | cause of death | 43 | [
"manner of death",
"reason for death",
"mode of death",
"source of death",
"factors leading to death"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"native language",
"German"
] | Willy Brandt (German: [ˈvɪliː ˈbʁant] (listen); born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and served as the chancellor of West Germany from 1969 to 1974. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1971 for his efforts to strengthen cooperation in western Europe through the EEC and to achieve reconciliation between West Germany and the countries of Eastern Europe. He was the first Social Democratic chancellor since 1930.Fleeing to Norway and then Sweden during the Nazi regime and working as a left-wing journalist, he took the name Willy Brandt as a pseudonym to avoid detection by Nazi agents, and then formally adopted the name in 1948. Brandt was originally considered one of the leaders of the right wing of the SPD, and earned initial fame as Governing Mayor of West Berlin. He served as the foreign minister and as the vice-chancellor in Kurt Georg Kiesinger's cabinet, and became chancellor in 1969.
As chancellor, he maintained West Germany's close alignment with the United States and focused on strengthening European integration in western Europe, while launching the new policy of Ostpolitik aimed at improving relations with Eastern Europe. Brandt was controversial on both the right wing, for his Ostpolitik, and on the left wing, for his support of American policies, including the Vietnam War, and right-wing authoritarian regimes. The Brandt Report became a recognised measure for describing the general North-South divide in world economics and politics between an affluent North and a poor South. Brandt was also known for his fierce anti-communist policies at the domestic level, culminating in the Radikalenerlass (Anti-Radical Decree) in 1972.
In 1970, while visiting a memorial to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising crushed by the Germans, Brandt unexpectedly knelt and meditated in silence, a moment remembered as the Kniefall von Warschau.
Brandt resigned as chancellor in 1974, after Günter Guillaume, one of his closest aides, was exposed as an agent of the Stasi, the East German secret service. | native language | 46 | [
"mother tongue",
"first language",
"mother language",
"primary language",
"L1"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"child",
"Lars Brandt"
] | Brandt's family
From 1941 until 1948, Brandt was married to Anna Carlotta Thorkildsen (the daughter of a Norwegian father and a German-American mother). They had a daughter, Ninja Brandt (born in 1940). After Brandt and Thorkildsen were divorced in 1948, Brandt married the Norwegian-born German writer Rut Hansen in the same year. Hansen and Brandt had three sons: Peter Brandt (born in 1948), Lars Brandt (born in 1951) and Matthias Brandt (born in 1961). After 32 years of marriage, Willy Brandt and Rut Hansen Brandt divorced in 1980, and from the day that they were divorced they never saw each other again. On 9 December 1983, Brandt married Brigitte Seebacher (born in 1946). | child | 39 | [
"offspring",
"progeny",
"issue",
"descendant",
"heir"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"child",
"Peter Brandt"
] | Brandt's family
From 1941 until 1948, Brandt was married to Anna Carlotta Thorkildsen (the daughter of a Norwegian father and a German-American mother). They had a daughter, Ninja Brandt (born in 1940). After Brandt and Thorkildsen were divorced in 1948, Brandt married the Norwegian-born German writer Rut Hansen in the same year. Hansen and Brandt had three sons: Peter Brandt (born in 1948), Lars Brandt (born in 1951) and Matthias Brandt (born in 1961). After 32 years of marriage, Willy Brandt and Rut Hansen Brandt divorced in 1980, and from the day that they were divorced they never saw each other again. On 9 December 1983, Brandt married Brigitte Seebacher (born in 1946). | child | 39 | [
"offspring",
"progeny",
"issue",
"descendant",
"heir"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"child",
"Matthias Brandt"
] | Brandt's family
From 1941 until 1948, Brandt was married to Anna Carlotta Thorkildsen (the daughter of a Norwegian father and a German-American mother). They had a daughter, Ninja Brandt (born in 1940). After Brandt and Thorkildsen were divorced in 1948, Brandt married the Norwegian-born German writer Rut Hansen in the same year. Hansen and Brandt had three sons: Peter Brandt (born in 1948), Lars Brandt (born in 1951) and Matthias Brandt (born in 1961). After 32 years of marriage, Willy Brandt and Rut Hansen Brandt divorced in 1980, and from the day that they were divorced they never saw each other again. On 9 December 1983, Brandt married Brigitte Seebacher (born in 1946). | child | 39 | [
"offspring",
"progeny",
"issue",
"descendant",
"heir"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"member of political party",
"Social Democratic Party of Germany"
] | Willy Brandt (German: [ˈvɪliː ˈbʁant] (listen); born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and served as the chancellor of West Germany from 1969 to 1974. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1971 for his efforts to strengthen cooperation in western Europe through the EEC and to achieve reconciliation between West Germany and the countries of Eastern Europe. He was the first Social Democratic chancellor since 1930.Fleeing to Norway and then Sweden during the Nazi regime and working as a left-wing journalist, he took the name Willy Brandt as a pseudonym to avoid detection by Nazi agents, and then formally adopted the name in 1948. Brandt was originally considered one of the leaders of the right wing of the SPD, and earned initial fame as Governing Mayor of West Berlin. He served as the foreign minister and as the vice-chancellor in Kurt Georg Kiesinger's cabinet, and became chancellor in 1969.
As chancellor, he maintained West Germany's close alignment with the United States and focused on strengthening European integration in western Europe, while launching the new policy of Ostpolitik aimed at improving relations with Eastern Europe. Brandt was controversial on both the right wing, for his Ostpolitik, and on the left wing, for his support of American policies, including the Vietnam War, and right-wing authoritarian regimes. The Brandt Report became a recognised measure for describing the general North-South divide in world economics and politics between an affluent North and a poor South. Brandt was also known for his fierce anti-communist policies at the domestic level, culminating in the Radikalenerlass (Anti-Radical Decree) in 1972.
In 1970, while visiting a memorial to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising crushed by the Germans, Brandt unexpectedly knelt and meditated in silence, a moment remembered as the Kniefall von Warschau.
Brandt resigned as chancellor in 1974, after Günter Guillaume, one of his closest aides, was exposed as an agent of the Stasi, the East German secret service.Early life and WWII
Willy Brandt was born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm in the Free City of Lübeck (German Empire) on 18 December 1913. His mother was Martha Frahm (1894–1969) a single parent, who worked as a cashier for a department store. His father was a teacher from Hamburg named John Heinrich Möller (1887–1958) whom Brandt never met. As his mother worked six days a week, he was mainly brought up by his mother's stepfather, Ludwig Frahm (1875–1935). He joined the "Socialist Youth" in 1929 and the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in 1930. He left the SPD to join the more left wing Socialist Workers Party (SAP), which was allied to the POUM in Spain and the Independent Labour Party in Britain.
After passing his Abitur in 1932 at Johanneum zu Lübeck, he became an apprentice at the shipbroker and ship's agent F.H. Bertling. In 1933, using his connections with the port and its ships, he left Germany for Norway to escape Nazi persecution. It was at this time that he adopted the pseudonym Willy Brandt to avoid detection by Nazi agents. In 1934, he took part in the founding of the International Bureau of Revolutionary Youth Organizations, and was elected to its secretariat.Brandt was in Germany from September to December 1936, disguised as a Norwegian student named Gunnar Gaasland. The real Gunnar Gaasland was married to Gertrud Meyer from Lübeck in a marriage of convenience to protect her from deportation. Meyer had joined Brandt in Norway in July 1933. In 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, Brandt worked in Spain as a journalist. In 1938, the German government revoked his citizenship, so he applied for Norwegian citizenship. In 1940, he was arrested in Norway by occupying German forces, but his real identity was not uncovered as he wore a Norwegian uniform. Upon his release, he escaped to neutral Sweden. In August 1940, he became a Norwegian citizen, receiving his passport from the Norwegian legation in Stockholm, where he lived until the end of the war. He lectured in Sweden on 1 December 1940 at Bommersvik College about problems experienced by the social democrats in Nazi Germany and the occupied countries at the start of the Second World War. In exile in Norway and Sweden, he learned Norwegian and Swedish. He spoke Norwegian fluently, and retained a close relationship with Norway.In late 1946, Brandt returned to Berlin, working for the Norwegian government. In 1948, he re-joined the SPD and became a German citizen again, formally adopting the pseudonym Willy Brandt as his legal name. In 2021, it became known that Brandt served as a paid informant for the US Counterintelligence Corps from 1948 to 1952. He supplied reports on circumstances in the GDR, including the situation of East German authorities and industries, as well as Soviet troops. | member of political party | 95 | [
"affiliated with political party",
"party membership",
"political party member",
"partisan affiliation",
"political affiliation"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"place of burial",
"Waldfriedhof Zehlendorf"
] | Death and legacy
Brandt died of colon cancer at his home in Unkel, a town on the River Rhine, on 8 October 1992, at the age of 78. He was given a state funeral and was buried at the cemetery at Zehlendorf in Berlin.The Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt Foundation was established in 1994. It serves to honor the memory of Brandt's political accomplishments and his commitment to peace, freedom and democracy. The foundation runs two permanent exhibitions: one in Berlin, and the other in Lübeck, where Brandt was born. Other works of the foundation include oversight of Brandt's papers, speeches and letters (the Berlin Edition), historical research as well as organizing lectures and international conferences.In 1997, a park in Stockholm was named in Brandt's honor. It is close to where he lived during his exile in Sweden 1941–1945.When the SPD moved its headquarters from Bonn back to Berlin in the mid-1990s, the new headquarters was named the "Willy Brandt Haus". One of the buildings of the European Parliament in Brussels was named after him in 2008.
On 6 December 2000, a memorial to Brandt and Warschauer Kniefall was unveiled in Warsaw, Poland.
German artist Johannes Heisig painted several portraits of Brandt of which one was unveiled as part of an honoring event at German Historical Institute Washington, DC on 18 March 2003. Spokesmen amongst others were former German Federal Minister Egon Bahr and former U.S. Secretary of state Henry Kissinger.In 2009, the Willy-Brandt-Memorial was opened up in Nuremberg at the Willy-Brandt Square. It was created by the artist Josef Tabachnyk.
In 2009, the University of Erfurt renamed its graduate school of public administration as the Willy Brandt School of Public Policy. A private German-language secondary school in Warsaw, Poland, is also named after Brandt.
The main boulevard at the north entrance of the Montenegrin capital Podgorica was named Willy Brandt Boulevard in 2011.Brandt also has an unusual memorial in Hammersmith in London, United Kingdom. In 1963, when he was mayor of West Berlin, Brandt travelled to Hammersmith with a street lamp from West Berlin, and presented it to the mayor of Hammersmith to mark its twinning with Neukölln. The lamp now stands on the wall of Westcott Lodge, facing Furnival Gardens, with a commemorative plaque below it.Although Brandt had only served five years in office as Chancellor of Germany, he remains as one of the most popular politicians in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Berlin Brandenburg Airport, which opened in late 2020, is also named in his honor. | place of burial | 58 | [
"final resting place",
"burial site",
"last resting place",
"grave site",
"interment location"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"spouse",
"Rut Brandt"
] | Brandt's family
From 1941 until 1948, Brandt was married to Anna Carlotta Thorkildsen (the daughter of a Norwegian father and a German-American mother). They had a daughter, Ninja Brandt (born in 1940). After Brandt and Thorkildsen were divorced in 1948, Brandt married the Norwegian-born German writer Rut Hansen in the same year. Hansen and Brandt had three sons: Peter Brandt (born in 1948), Lars Brandt (born in 1951) and Matthias Brandt (born in 1961). After 32 years of marriage, Willy Brandt and Rut Hansen Brandt divorced in 1980, and from the day that they were divorced they never saw each other again. On 9 December 1983, Brandt married Brigitte Seebacher (born in 1946). | spouse | 51 | [
"partner"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"mother",
"Martha Frahm"
] | Early life and WWII
Willy Brandt was born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm in the Free City of Lübeck (German Empire) on 18 December 1913. His mother was Martha Frahm (1894–1969) a single parent, who worked as a cashier for a department store. His father was a teacher from Hamburg named John Heinrich Möller (1887–1958) whom Brandt never met. As his mother worked six days a week, he was mainly brought up by his mother's stepfather, Ludwig Frahm (1875–1935). He joined the "Socialist Youth" in 1929 and the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in 1930. He left the SPD to join the more left wing Socialist Workers Party (SAP), which was allied to the POUM in Spain and the Independent Labour Party in Britain.
After passing his Abitur in 1932 at Johanneum zu Lübeck, he became an apprentice at the shipbroker and ship's agent F.H. Bertling. In 1933, using his connections with the port and its ships, he left Germany for Norway to escape Nazi persecution. It was at this time that he adopted the pseudonym Willy Brandt to avoid detection by Nazi agents. In 1934, he took part in the founding of the International Bureau of Revolutionary Youth Organizations, and was elected to its secretariat.Brandt was in Germany from September to December 1936, disguised as a Norwegian student named Gunnar Gaasland. The real Gunnar Gaasland was married to Gertrud Meyer from Lübeck in a marriage of convenience to protect her from deportation. Meyer had joined Brandt in Norway in July 1933. In 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, Brandt worked in Spain as a journalist. In 1938, the German government revoked his citizenship, so he applied for Norwegian citizenship. In 1940, he was arrested in Norway by occupying German forces, but his real identity was not uncovered as he wore a Norwegian uniform. Upon his release, he escaped to neutral Sweden. In August 1940, he became a Norwegian citizen, receiving his passport from the Norwegian legation in Stockholm, where he lived until the end of the war. He lectured in Sweden on 1 December 1940 at Bommersvik College about problems experienced by the social democrats in Nazi Germany and the occupied countries at the start of the Second World War. In exile in Norway and Sweden, he learned Norwegian and Swedish. He spoke Norwegian fluently, and retained a close relationship with Norway.In late 1946, Brandt returned to Berlin, working for the Norwegian government. In 1948, he re-joined the SPD and became a German citizen again, formally adopting the pseudonym Willy Brandt as his legal name. In 2021, it became known that Brandt served as a paid informant for the US Counterintelligence Corps from 1948 to 1952. He supplied reports on circumstances in the GDR, including the situation of East German authorities and industries, as well as Soviet troops. | mother | 52 | [
"mom",
"mommy",
"mum",
"mama",
"parent"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"place of death",
"Unkel"
] | Death and legacy
Brandt died of colon cancer at his home in Unkel, a town on the River Rhine, on 8 October 1992, at the age of 78. He was given a state funeral and was buried at the cemetery at Zehlendorf in Berlin.The Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt Foundation was established in 1994. It serves to honor the memory of Brandt's political accomplishments and his commitment to peace, freedom and democracy. The foundation runs two permanent exhibitions: one in Berlin, and the other in Lübeck, where Brandt was born. Other works of the foundation include oversight of Brandt's papers, speeches and letters (the Berlin Edition), historical research as well as organizing lectures and international conferences.In 1997, a park in Stockholm was named in Brandt's honor. It is close to where he lived during his exile in Sweden 1941–1945.When the SPD moved its headquarters from Bonn back to Berlin in the mid-1990s, the new headquarters was named the "Willy Brandt Haus". One of the buildings of the European Parliament in Brussels was named after him in 2008.
On 6 December 2000, a memorial to Brandt and Warschauer Kniefall was unveiled in Warsaw, Poland.
German artist Johannes Heisig painted several portraits of Brandt of which one was unveiled as part of an honoring event at German Historical Institute Washington, DC on 18 March 2003. Spokesmen amongst others were former German Federal Minister Egon Bahr and former U.S. Secretary of state Henry Kissinger.In 2009, the Willy-Brandt-Memorial was opened up in Nuremberg at the Willy-Brandt Square. It was created by the artist Josef Tabachnyk.
In 2009, the University of Erfurt renamed its graduate school of public administration as the Willy Brandt School of Public Policy. A private German-language secondary school in Warsaw, Poland, is also named after Brandt.
The main boulevard at the north entrance of the Montenegrin capital Podgorica was named Willy Brandt Boulevard in 2011.Brandt also has an unusual memorial in Hammersmith in London, United Kingdom. In 1963, when he was mayor of West Berlin, Brandt travelled to Hammersmith with a street lamp from West Berlin, and presented it to the mayor of Hammersmith to mark its twinning with Neukölln. The lamp now stands on the wall of Westcott Lodge, facing Furnival Gardens, with a commemorative plaque below it.Although Brandt had only served five years in office as Chancellor of Germany, he remains as one of the most popular politicians in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Berlin Brandenburg Airport, which opened in late 2020, is also named in his honor. | place of death | 45 | [
"location of death",
"death place",
"place where they died",
"place of passing",
"final resting place"
] | null | null |
[
"Willy Brandt",
"position held",
"President of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin"
] | Politician
Brandt was elected to the West German Bundestag (the federal parliament) in the 1949 West German federal election as a SPD delegate from West Berlin, serving there until 1957. Concurrently, he was elected as an SPD representative to the Abgeordnetenhaus (the state-level parliament) of West Berlin in the 1950 West Berlin state election, and served there through 1971. In the 1969 West German federal election he was again elected to the Bundestag, but as a delegate from North Rhine-Westphalia, and remained in the Bundestag as a delegate from that state until his death in 1992.In 1950, Brandt, while a member of the Bundestag and the editor-in-chief of the Berliner Stadtblatt, received a secret payment of about 170,000 Deutsche Mark from the U.S. government (equivalent to €460,386 in 2021). | position held | 59 | [
"occupation",
"job title",
"post",
"office",
"rank"
] | null | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.