ProfessorBob/relation_extraction · Datasets at Hugging Face

triplets sequence	passage stringlengths 0 32.9k	label stringlengths 4 48 ⌀	label_id int64 0 1k ⌀	synonyms sequence	__index_level_1__ int64 312 64.1k ⌀	__index_level_0__ int64 0 2.4k ⌀
[ "Louis Marie de Lescure", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	War in the Vendée On the outbreak of the Revolt in the Vendée against the Republic, he was arrested and imprisoned with all his family, as one of the promoters of the rising. He was set free by the Royalists and became one of their leaders. Lescure fought at Thouars in May 1793. At the Battle of Fontenay-le-Comte, he was the first to enter the city and free the Royalist prisoners inside. He was wounded at the Battle of Saumur in June. After an unsuccessful attack on Nantes, he joined forces with La Rochejaquelein and tried in vain to rally the troops of the dispersed Catholic and Royal Army.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Louis-Marie Stanislas Fréron", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Louis-Marie Stanislas Fréron (17 August 1754 – 15 July 1802) was a French politician, journalist, representative to the National Assembly, and a representative on mission during the French Revolution.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet (2 May 1746 in Bernay, Eure – 17 February 1825) was a French politician of the Revolutionary period. His brother, Robert Thomas Lindet, became a constitutional bishop and member of the National Convention. Although his role may not have been spectacular, Jean-Baptiste Lindet came to be the embodiment of the growing middle class that came to dominate French politics during the Revolution.Early career Born at Bernay (Eure), he worked in the town as a lawyer before the Revolution. He acted as procureur-syndic of the district of Bernay during the session of the National Constituent Assembly. Appointed deputy to the Legislative Assembly and subsequently to the Convention, he became well-known. Initially close to the Girondists, Lindet was very hostile to King Louis XVI, provided a Rapport sur les crimes imputés à Louis Capet (20 December 1792) – a report of the king's alleged crimes – and voted for the king's execution without appeal. He was instrumental in the establishment of the Revolutionary Tribunal, and contributed to the downfall of the Girondists before the start of the (after a conflict over the Tribunal's radical character). His proposal for the Tribunal had passed with support from Georges Danton, despite the opposition of Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud.	null	null	null	null	16
[ "Jacques Antoine Marie de Cazalès", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Jean-Nicolas Pache", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Impact Jean Nicholas Pache may not have single-handedly brought down the Girondin, but his determination played an important role. Pache was a key player in changing the political scene in Paris in this time. Pache also helped to truly give power to the people of Paris. The people of Paris had successfully humiliated the Convention in forcing it to do their bidding and the convention would not recover this lost power until the Thermidorian Reaction shattered the power of the Jacobin Clubs and sans culottes. The people of Paris would not forget this and the legacy of "the people in arms" would have a long-term impact on the French revolutionary tradition, in the readiness of the Parisian population to "rush to the barricades," through the 19th and 20th centuries.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Antoine Christophe Merlin", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Antoine Christophe Merlin (13 September 1762 in Thionville, Moselle – September 1833 in Paris) was a member of several legislative bodies during the era of the French Revolution. He is usually called Merlin de Thionville (Merlin of Thionville) to distinguish him from Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai.Life He was born at Thionville, the son of a procureur in the bailliage of Thionville. After studying theology, he began a career in law, and in 1788 was an avocat at the parlement of Metz. In 1790 he was elected municipal officer of Thionville, and was sent by the department of Moselle to the Legislative Assembly. On 23 October 1791 he moved and carried the institution of a committee of surveillance, of which he became a member. It was he who proposed the law sequestrating the property of the émigrés, and he took an important part in the Demonstration of 20 June 1792 and in the revolution of 10 August of the same year.He was elected deputy to the National Convention, and pressed for the execution of Louis XVI, but a mission to the army prevented his attending the trial. He displayed great bravery in the defence of Mainz. He took part in the Thermidorian Reaction which followed the fall of Robespierre, and was appointed to the Committee of General Security on 31 July 1794. He sat in the Council of Five Hundred under the Directory, and at the Coup of 18 Fructidor (4 September 1797) demanded the deportation of certain republican members. In 1798 he ceased to be a member of the Council of Five Hundred, and was appointed director-general of posts, being sent subsequently to organize the Army of Italy. He retired into private life at the proclamation of the Consulate, and lived in retirement under the Consulate and the First French Empire.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Antoine Le Picard de Phélippeaux", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Jean Théophile Victor Leclerc", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Jean Théophile Victor Leclerc, a.k.a. Jean-Theophilus Leclerc and Theophilus Leclerc d'Oze (1771–1820), was a radical French revolutionary, publicist, and soldier. After Jean-Paul Marat was assassinated, Leclerc assumed his mantle. Leclerc was the son of a civil engineer and joined the National Guard in Clermont-Ferrand at the outbreak of revolution in 1789. He then went to Martinique as a merchant's agent. However, his militant pro-revolutionary stance brought him into conflict with the planter aristocracy, who soon expelled him for revolutionary propaganda in 1791. He returned to metropolitan France and joined the 1st battalion of Morbihan in which he served until February 1792, when he left for Paris to defend seventeen grenadiers accused, in Martinique, of being revolutionaries. He successfully defended them in front of the Jacobin Club and the revolutionary national assembly. On April first that year he made a speech before the Jacobin Club calling for the execution of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.Leclerc returned to his military duties with the Army of the Rhine, and was sent on an unsuccessful spy mission across the Rhine in southwest Germany. It seems that he was betrayed by Dietrich, the mayor of Strasbourg. In November 1792, he fought at the Battle of Jemappes. In February 1793 he was transferred to the General Staff of the newly restructured Army of the Alps, in Lyon. It was there that he joined the Club Central and he was sent to Paris as a special deputy from Lyon.Leclerc took an extremely radical revolutionary position, even being expelled from the Jacobin Club for being too radical. He was a founding member of Les enragés (literally "the Angry Ones") who opposed Jacobian leniency. In 1793, he married Pauline Léon, who together with Claire Lacombe had founded the Société des républicaines révolutionnaires, a radical and revolutionary feminist organization which was banned the following year. He and his wife published a broadsheet called L'Ami du peuple par Leclerc starting in 1793, which advocated a radical purging of the army, the creation of a revolutionary army made up exclusively of the partisans of the Reign of Terror, and the execution of all the suspected anti-revolutionaries. His publishing activities ceased with his arrest in April 1794. After his release in August 1794, he and his wife maintained a low profile until his death some time after 1804.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Antoine Simon", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Joseph Bara", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	François Joseph Bara, also written Barra (30 July 1779 in Palaiseau – 7 December 1793 in Jallais), was a young French republican drummer boy at the time of the Revolution, and is known for his death and martyrdom at only 13 years old at the hands of pro-Monarchist forces at Vendée.	null	null	null	null	1
[ "Sophie de Condorcet", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Antoine Joseph Gorsas", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Antoine Joseph Gorsas (24 March 1752 – 7 October 1793) was a French publicist and politician.Biography Gorsas was born at Limoges (Haute-Vienne), the son of a shoemaker. He established himself as a private tutor in Paris, and presently set up a school for the army at Versailles, which was attended by commoners as well as nobles. In 1781 he was imprisoned for a short time in the Bicêtre on an accusation of corrupting the morals of his pupils, his real offence being the writing of satirical verse.These circumstances explain the violence of his anti-monarchical sentiment. At the opening of the states-general he began to publish the Courrier de Versailles à Paris et de Paris a Versailles, in which appeared, on 4 October 1789, the account of the banquet of the royal bodyguard. Gorsas is said to have himself read it in public at the Palais Royal, and to have headed one of the columns that marched on Versailles.He then changed the name of his paper to the Courrier des quatre-vingt-trois départements, continuing his incendiary propaganda, which had no small share in provoking the popular insurrections of June and August 1792. During the September massacres he wrote in his paper that the prisons were the centre of an anti-national conspiracy and that the people exercised a just vengeance on the guilty.On 10 September 1792 he was elected to the convention for the department of Seine-et-Oise, and on 20 January 1793 was elected one of its secretaries. He sat at first with the Mountain, but having been long associated with Roland and Brissot, his agreement with the Girondists became gradually more pronounced; during the trial of Louis XVI he dissociated himself more and more from the principles of the Mountain, and he voted for the king's detention during the war and subsequent banishment.A violent attack on Marat in the Courrier led to an armed raid on his printing establishment on 9 March 1793. The place was sacked, but Gorsas escaped the popular fury by flight. The facts being reported to the convention, little sympathy was shown to Gorsas, and a resolution (which was evaded) was passed forbidding representatives to occupy themselves with journalism. On 2 June he was ordered by the convention to hold himself under arrest with other members of his party.He escaped to Normandy to join Buzot, and after the defeat of the Girondists at Pacy-sur-Eure he found shelter in Brittany. He was imprudent enough to return to Paris in the autumn, where he was arrested on 6 October and guillotined the next day.	null	null	null	null	2
[ "Jean-François Varlet", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Jean-François Varlet (14 July 1764 – 4 October 1837) was a leader of the Enragés faction during the French Revolution. He was important in the fall of the monarchy and the Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793.Life Born in Paris on 14 July 1764 into a family of the petty bourgeoisie, Jean-François Varlet studied at the Collège d'Harcourt. He welcomed the Revolution with enthusiasm and wrote patriotic songs. However, at 21 Varlet was too young to be eligible for an elected position, so he turned to popular agitation instead. He was an early supporter of the radical Jacques Hébert.Varlet first rose to prominence through his opposition to the monarchy. When Louis XVI attempted to flee Paris, Varlet circulated petitions in the National Assembly and spoke against the king. He helped organize the popular protests that ended in the Champ de Mars massacre.On 10 August 1792, the Legislative Assembly suspended the king and called for the election of a National Convention to write a new constitution. Varlet was elected, and argued for direct universal suffrage and recall elections. He sought to prevent the wealthy from expanding their profits at the expense of the poor and called for the nationalization of all profits obtained through monopoly and hoarding. Because of these proto-socialist stances, Varlet is considered a member of the Enragés. However, this was not a coherent political party, and another Enragés leader, Jacques Roux, even called for Varlet's arrest. Varlet recognized the importance of women in the revolution, and helped organize poor working women into a semi-cohesive unit.On 22 February 1793, Jacques Roux and Jean-Francois Varlet emboldened the Parisian working poor to approach the Jacobin Club and persuade them to place price controls on necessary goods. However, the National Convention refused to grant them an audience. Further attempts for the Enragés to communicate their position were denied by the National Convention. Determined to be heard, they responded with revolt. They plundered the homes and businesses of the elite, employing direct action to meet their needs. The Enragés were noted for using legal and extralegal means to achieve their ends. On 24 May 1793 Varlet and other popular leaders were arrested, but this only exacerbated popular discontent. Giving in to the demands of the Commune, the Convention released Varlet and the other radicals three days later. The following day, 28 May, the Cite section called the other sections to a meeting at the Évêché (the Bishop's Palace) in order to organize an insurrection. On the 29th the delegates representing thirty-three of the sections formed an insurrectionary committee of nine, including Varlet. This committee would go on to lead the Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793. At the beginning of the Reign of Terror, Varlet was again arrested. He was released on 29 October 1793, but after the fall of Robespierre he was arrested yet again and spent almost a year in prison. After his release, Varlet settled at Pailly, Yonne, marrying and having three children. He became a Bonapartist after 1800 and lived some time in Nantes. He returned to Paris for several months in 1830 to participate in the July Revolution. In 1836 he left Nantes to live at Corbeil-Essonnes, where he drowned on 4 October 1837.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Jacques-Bernard-Marie Montané", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Jacques-Bernard-Marie Montané (5 January 1751, Toulouse–after 1805) was president of the Revolutionary Tribunal from March to August in 1793, during the French Revolution. He was president at the trial of Charlotte Corday. He was seen as insufficiently radical, and was replaced by Martial Herman. He survived the Thermidorian Reaction.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Jean-Baptiste Coffinhal", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Pierre-André Coffinhal-Dubail (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ɑ̃dʁe kɔfinal dybaj]), known as Jean-Baptiste Coffinhal (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist kɔfinal]), (7 November 1762 in Vic-sur-Cère – 6 August 1794 in Paris (18 Thermidor Year II)) was a lawyer, French revolutionary, member of the General Council of the Paris commune and a judge of the Revolutionary Tribunal.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Jean-Baptiste Le Carpentier", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	14
[ "Jean-Baptiste Mailhe", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Jean Henri Bancal des Issarts", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	11
[ "Louis-Joseph Charlier", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Louis Pierre Manuel", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]	Life Revolutionary He was born at Montargis, Loiret, and entered the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, becoming tutor to the son of a Paris banker. In 1783 his clandestine pamphlet, Essais historiques, critiques, littéraires, et philosophiques, resulted in his being imprisoned in the Bastille.Manuel, a man of letters passionately embraced the revolutionary ideas, and after the storming of the Bastille became a member of the provisional municipality of Paris, administrating the Garde Nationale and gendarme. Early December 1791 he was elected as procureur public of the commune, charged with both the investigation and prosecution of crime and representing the King. In a discussion about the right of veto (to suspend a law for a period or until the fulfillment of a condition) he told the Jacobins as a patriot he did not like the King, but he should have the right to leave or to abdicate. As Manuel was not from Paris he lost popularity. On 24 February 1792 Manuel was installed as procureur of the commune, gave a speech warning against anarchy. He proposed to sell the portraits of bishops hanging inside the building.Manuel was associated with the Demonstration of 20 June 1792, which he visited as a private person. Afterwards he and Pétion de Villeneuve, the mayor were dismissed on 6 July by the Conseil Général, but reappointed on 23 July by the Assembly. During the 10 August storming of the Tuileries Palace, he was up all night and played a part in the formation of the insurrectionary Paris Commune which assured the success of the latter attack (begun by the taking of the Hôtel de Ville). On 12 August Robespierre and Manuel visited the Temple prison to check on the security of the royal family. Manuel and Pétion were against their imprisonment. At the end of the month and with a sense of martyrdom, Manuel or Robespierre seem to have ordered the sections to maintain their posts and die if necessary. On 28 August he helped Madame de Stael and released some of her friends. It is not clear if he saved the life of Beaumarchais who was jailed on the 23rd and released a week later, only three days before a massacre took place in the prison where he had been detained. Manuel lived at Place Dauphine and was present at the nearby Abbaye Prison on the first day of the September Massacres. The door was closed, but the killing was resumed after an intense discussion with Manuel, on people's justice and failing judges. Manuel belonged to a deputation sent by the general council (Conseil général) of the commune to ask for compassion. They were insulted and escaped with their lives. Late in the evening, Madame de Stael was conveyed home, escorted by Manuel. He saved the life of governess Madame Tourzel, because of her mother.On 7 September 1792, he was elected one of the deputies from Paris to the National Convention. On 3 November, he declared in the gallery of the Jacobin Club that "the massacres of September had been the Saint Bartholomew's Day of the people, who had shown themselves to be as wicked as a king, and that the whole of Paris was guilty of having suffered these assassinations.He suppressed the decoration of the Cross of Saint Louis, which he called "a stain on a man's coat", requested that Pétion de Villeneuve, the first president of Convention to be housed in the palace of the Tuileries, and demanded the sale of the Palace of Versailles.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "René Levasseur", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Victor Scipion Charles Auguste de La Garde de Chambonas", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Marie Antoinette", "significant event", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	13
[ "Marie Antoinette", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]		null	null	null	null	14
[ "Marie Antoinette", "different from", "Marie Antoinette" ]		null	null	null	null	32
[ "Marie Antoinette", "topic's main category", "Category:Marie Antoinette" ]		null	null	null	null	53
[ "Marie Antoinette", "owner of", "Still life of fruit upon a marble ledge, a bird's nest to the right and a basket of flowers above, insects throughout" ]		null	null	null	null	55
[ "Peter Scholze", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]	Early life and education Scholze was born in Dresden and grew up in Berlin. His father is a physicist, his mother a computer scientist, and his sister studied chemistry. He attended the Heinrich-Hertz-Gymnasium in Berlin-Friedrichshain, a gymnasium devoted to mathematics and science. As a student, Scholze participated in the International Mathematical Olympiad, winning three gold medals and one silver medal.He studied at the University of Bonn and completed his bachelor's degree in three semesters and his master's degree in two further semesters. He obtained his Ph.D. in 2012 under the supervision of Michael Rapoport.	null	null	null	null	7
[ "Peter Scholze", "different from", "Peter Schulze" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "Jan Nekovář", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "George Tseng", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Po-Shen Loh", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]	Po-Shen Loh (born June 18, 1982) is an American professor of mathematics at Carnegie Mellon University, specializing in combinatorics, and the national coach of the United States' International Math Olympiad team. He is the founder of educational websites Expii and Live, and lead developer of contact-tracing app NOVID.Early life and education Loh was born on June 18, 1982 in Madison, Wisconsin to Singaporean immigrants Wei-Yin and Theresa Loh. As a middle school student, Loh twice represented Wisconsin in the Mathcounts competition. He attended James Madison Memorial High School, and in 1999 won a silver medal representing the US in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO).Loh studied mathematics as an undergraduate student at the California Institute of Technology. In 2003, he won a Goldwater Scholarship. In 2004 he graduated with honors, ranked first in his graduating class, and his undergraduate thesis received an honorable mention for the 2004 Morgan Prize. Loh completed a one-year master's degree at Cambridge University on a Churchill Scholarship.Loh pursued graduate studies in mathematics at Princeton University with the support of a Hertz Fellowship, and, under the supervision of Benny Sudakov, received a Ph.D. in 2010 with his dissertation Results in extremal and probabilistic combinatorics.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Antony Wassermann", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Maria Colombo (mathematician)", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]	Education and career Colombo was born in Luino, near the Swiss border of Italy. She competed for Italy in the 2005, 2006, and 2007 International Mathematical Olympiads, earning bronze, gold, and silver medals respectively.She earned bachelor's and master's degrees in mathematics at the University of Pisa in 2010 and 2011, and completed a Ph.D. in 2015 at the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, under the joint supervision of Luigi Ambrosio and Alessio Figalli. Her dissertation, Flows of non-smooth vector fields and degenerate elliptic equations: With applications to the Vlasov-Poisson and semigeostrophic systems, was published as a book in 2017 by Edizioni della Normale.After postdoctoral research with Camillo De Lellis at the University of Zurich, she joined the EPFL as an assistant professor in 2018, and was promoted to full professor in 2021.	null	null	null	null	7
[ "Vlado Keselj", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]	Education As a high school student in Yugoslavia, Keselj competed in the 1987 International Mathematical Olympiad, earning a bronze medal. He earned his Ph.D. in 2002 at the University of Waterloo, with the dissertation Modular Stochastic HPSGs for Question Answering supervised by Nick Cercone.	null	null	null	null	1
[ "Adolf Schmal", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]	Felix Adolf Schmal (18 September 1872 – 28 August 1919) was an Austrian fencer and racing cyclist. He was born in Dortmund and died in Salzburg. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.1896 Olympics With a fencing mask, sabre and a racing bike, Schmal got a train ticket and headed for Athens, Greece for the first Olympics, and on 8 April 1896, he competed in the 100 km cycling race, but like seven other starters from the original ten he didn't finish the race. The next day he was competing in the sabre fencing event, and was looking at a medal having won both his opening two rounds, but then enter the King and his entourage and the officials decided to start the event again, in which Schmal only won one out of his four rounds. After a day off, Schmal was back in the saddle and winning two bronze medals, in the time trial Schmal finished on a time of 26 seconds which matched the time of Stamatios Nikolopoulos in second place behind the Frenchman Paul Masson, but Nikolopoulos won the race-off and Schmal finished in third place, he also finished in third place in the 10 km race behind the French duo of Léon Flameng and winner Paul Masson. On 13 April, Schmal won his gold medal in the 12 hour race, seven cyclists started the race and by lap 10 Schmal had lapped them all, so he then kept on the wheel of Englishman Frederick Keeping for the rest of the race, only Schmal and Keeping finished the race.	null	null	null	null	8
[ "Theodor Leupold", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]	Theodor Ferdinand Leupold was a German racing cyclist from Zittau. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.Leupold competed in the 333 metres and 100 kilometres races. He tied with two other cyclists for fifth place in the 333 metres at 27.0 seconds and was among the seven cyclists that did not finish the longer one (out of nine that started).References External links Theodor Leupold at Olympics.com Theodor Leupold at Olympedia	null	null	null	null	2
[ "Edward Battell", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]	Edward Battell was a British racing cyclist. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.Battell competed in the 333 metres, 100 kilometres, and road races. He came third in the road race, 87 km from Athens to Marathon and back. He came fourth in the 333m in 26.2 seconds. He was among the seven of the nine that started not to finish the 100 km.	null	null	null	null	2
[ "Paul Masson (cyclist)", "different from", "Paul Masson" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Paul Masson (cyclist)", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Stamatios Nikolopoulos", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Angelos Fetsis", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]	Angelos Fetsis (Greek: Άγγελος Φέτσης, born 1878, date of death unknown) was a Greek athlete. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. He was born in Lefkada.Fetsis competed in the 800 metres event. He placed either fourth or fifth in his preliminary heat, though records do not indicate whether he was ahead or behind countryman Dimitrios Tomprof. Neither advanced to the finals, however, as a second-place finish was required for advancement. He also competed in the 1500 metres event. He placed in the bottom half of the eight runners who took part in the single race of the event, though his exact placing is unclear.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Frédéric Blanchy", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Evangelos Gerakeris", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Jules Valton", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Charles Treffel", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Charles Lucien Treffel (23 June 1875 – 18 October 1947) was a French water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1900 Summer Olympics.	null	null	null	null	6
[ "Evangelos Rallis", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Jules Clévenot", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "William Exshaw", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Jules Trinité", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Jules Trinité", "participant of", "shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics – men's 50 metre free pistol, team" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Camille de La Forgue de Bellegarde", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Jacques Baudrier", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Joseph Martinez", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Mary Abbott (golfer)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Franz Abbé", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Félix Ayat", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Albert Louis Félix Ayat (15 September 1882 – 4 April 1972) was a French fencer. He competed in the individual épée at the 1900 Summer Olympics, alongside his elder brother Albert Jean Louis Ayat, who won the event.	null	null	null	null	2
[ "Georges Sémichon", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Henry Maingot", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Henry Maingot was a French sailor who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Maingot took the 8th in the 1st race of the 3 to 10 ton.References External links Henry Maingot at Olympedia "Exposition Universelle Internationale de 1900, Concours D'Exercices Physiques et de Sports" (PDF) (in French). Imprimerie Nationale. 1901. pp. 399–430. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2008. Retrieved 23 May 2014.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "John Daunt (golfer)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "John Daunt (golfer)", "different from", "John Daunt" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Jules Perret", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Valentine Smith", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "John Howard Taylor", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "L. Hood", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Hugo Peitsch", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Georg Hugo Richard Peitsch (21 December 1878 – 10 September 1951) was a German gymnast. He competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics and the 1904 Summer Olympics. He moved to the United States following the 1904 Olympics and became a gymnastics teacher in Philadelphia, while continuing to be a gymnast himself. He was said to have gained national prominence in the US for his gymnastic talents, being described as one of the "most outstanding" in the sport in the country.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Hugo Peitsch", "participant of", "1904 Summer Olympics" ]	Georg Hugo Richard Peitsch (21 December 1878 – 10 September 1951) was a German gymnast. He competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics and the 1904 Summer Olympics. He moved to the United States following the 1904 Olympics and became a gymnastics teacher in Philadelphia, while continuing to be a gymnast himself. He was said to have gained national prominence in the US for his gymnastic talents, being described as one of the "most outstanding" in the sport in the country.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Hermann Mandl", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Salusbury Mellor", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "William Connor (gymnast)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	William James Connor (7 May 1869 – 13 March 1964) was a British gymnast. He competed in the men's individual all-around event at the 1900 Summer Olympics.References External links William Connor at Olympedia William Connor at the British Olympic Association	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Texier (crew)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Texier was a French sailor who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. With Texier (helmsman) as helmsman and fellow crewmembers Jean-Baptiste Charcot and Robert Linzeler, Texier took the 2nd place in first race of the 0 to 0.5 ton and finished 2nd in the second race. With Texier (helmsman) he finished 8th in the 0.5 to 1 ton. Also with Texier (helmsman) he took part in the 1 to 2 ton. They finished 7th in the first race and 6th in the second race.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Adolphe Thomegeux", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Frederick Keeping", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]	Frederick Keeping (11 August 1867 – 21 February 1950) was a British racing cyclist. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.Keeping competed in the 333 metres and 12 hours races. In the 12 hours race, Keeping was one of only two cyclists to finish, covering 314.664 kilometres. He was only one lap behind the winner, Adolf Schmal, who covered 314.997 kilometres. Keeping tied with two others for fifth place in the 333m, with 27.0 seconds.	null	null	null	null	2
[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "different from", "Jean-Martin Charcot" ]	Jean-Baptiste-Étienne-Auguste Charcot (15 July 1867 – 16 September 1936), born in Neuilly-sur-Seine, was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893).Life Jean-Baptiste Charcot was appointed leader of the French Antarctic Expedition with the ship Français exploring the west coast of Graham Land from 1904 until 1907. The expedition reached Adelaide Island in 1905 and took pictures of the Palmer Archipelago and Loubet Coast. From 1908 until 1910, another expedition followed with the ship Pourquoi Pas ?, exploring the Bellingshausen Sea and the Amundsen Sea and discovering Loubet Land, Marguerite Bay, Mount Boland and Charcot Island, which was named after his father, Jean-Martin Charcot. He named Hugo Island after Victor Hugo, the grandfather of his wife, Jeanne Hugo. Later on, Jean-Baptiste Charcot explored Rockall in 1921 and Eastern Greenland and Svalbard from 1925 until 1936. He died when Pourquoi-Pas ? was wrecked in a storm off the coast of Iceland in 1936. A monument to Charcot was created in Reykjavík, Iceland by sculptor Einar Jónsson in 1936 and another by Ríkarður Jónsson in 1952. Charcot participated in many sports. He won two silver medals in sailing at the Summer Olympics of 1900.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics – 0 to .5 ton" ]		null	null	null	null	17
[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "1895–96 French Rugby Union Championship" ]		null	null	null	null	18
[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "1894–95 French Rugby Union Championship" ]		null	null	null	null	19
[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "topic's main category", "Category:Jean-Baptiste Charcot" ]		null	null	null	null	43
[ "Bernard de Pourtalès", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Robert de Montesquiou", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Robert de Montesquiou", "topic's main category", "Category:Robert de Montesquiou" ]		null	null	null	null	25
[ "Robert de Montesquiou", "owner of", "Palais Rose in Vésinet" ]		null	null	null	null	30
[ "Hermann de Pourtalès", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "M. L. Logan", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Lorne Currie", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Victor Sonnemans", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Jean Hervé", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Herbert Loveitt", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Herbert Arthur Loveitt (8 March 1874 – 18 February 1909) was a British rugby union player. He competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics and won silver as part of the Great Britain team in what was the first rugby union competition at an Olympic Games.References External links Herbert Arthur Loveitt at Olympics.com Herbert Arthur Loveitt at Olympedia Herbert Arthur Loveitt at the British Olympic Association Herbert Loveitt at the International Olympic Committee	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Victor Larchandet", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Maurice Macaire", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Maurice Macaire (November 22, 1881 in Paris, date of death unknown) was a French football player who competed in the 1900 Olympic Games. In Paris he won a silver medal as a member of Club Français club team.References External links Maurice Macaire at Olympics.com Maurice Macaire at Olympedia	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Ottokar Weise", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Georg Naue", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Henri Cohen (water polo)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Henri Cohen (water polo)", "different from", "Henri Cohen" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Henri Cohen (water polo)", "different from", "Henri Cohen" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "Paul Wiesner", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]	Paul Wiesner (10 September 1855 – 1 October 1930) was a German sailor who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics.He was the helmsman of the German boat Aschenbrödel, which won the gold medal in the second race of 1 – 2 ton class and silver medal in the open class. He also participated in the ½—1 ton class, but his boat Aschenbrödel weighed in at 1.041 tons instead of less than a 1 ton, and he was disqualified.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Auguste Donny", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Camillo Pavanello", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]		null	null	null	null	4

[ "Louis Marie de Lescure", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

War in the Vendée On the outbreak of the Revolt in the Vendée against the Republic, he was arrested and imprisoned with all his family, as one of the promoters of the rising. He was set free by the Royalists and became one of their leaders. Lescure fought at Thouars in May 1793. At the Battle of Fontenay-le-Comte, he was the first to enter the city and free the Royalist prisoners inside. He was wounded at the Battle of Saumur in June. After an unsuccessful attack on Nantes, he joined forces with La Rochejaquelein and tried in vain to rally the troops of the dispersed Catholic and Royal Army.

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[ "Louis-Marie Stanislas Fréron", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Louis-Marie Stanislas Fréron (17 August 1754 – 15 July 1802) was a French politician, journalist, representative to the National Assembly, and a representative on mission during the French Revolution.

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[ "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet (2 May 1746 in Bernay, Eure – 17 February 1825) was a French politician of the Revolutionary period. His brother, Robert Thomas Lindet, became a constitutional bishop and member of the National Convention. Although his role may not have been spectacular, Jean-Baptiste Lindet came to be the embodiment of the growing middle class that came to dominate French politics during the Revolution.Early career Born at Bernay (Eure), he worked in the town as a lawyer before the Revolution. He acted as procureur-syndic of the district of Bernay during the session of the National Constituent Assembly. Appointed deputy to the Legislative Assembly and subsequently to the Convention, he became well-known. Initially close to the Girondists, Lindet was very hostile to King Louis XVI, provided a Rapport sur les crimes imputés à Louis Capet (20 December 1792) – a report of the king's alleged crimes – and voted for the king's execution without appeal. He was instrumental in the establishment of the Revolutionary Tribunal, and contributed to the downfall of the Girondists before the start of the (after a conflict over the Tribunal's radical character). His proposal for the Tribunal had passed with support from Georges Danton, despite the opposition of Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud.

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[ "Jacques Antoine Marie de Cazalès", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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4

[ "Jean-Nicolas Pache", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Impact Jean Nicholas Pache may not have single-handedly brought down the Girondin, but his determination played an important role. Pache was a key player in changing the political scene in Paris in this time. Pache also helped to truly give power to the people of Paris. The people of Paris had successfully humiliated the Convention in forcing it to do their bidding and the convention would not recover this lost power until the Thermidorian Reaction shattered the power of the Jacobin Clubs and sans culottes. The people of Paris would not forget this and the legacy of "the people in arms" would have a long-term impact on the French revolutionary tradition, in the readiness of the Parisian population to "rush to the barricades," through the 19th and 20th centuries.

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[ "Antoine Christophe Merlin", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Antoine Christophe Merlin (13 September 1762 in Thionville, Moselle – September 1833 in Paris) was a member of several legislative bodies during the era of the French Revolution. He is usually called Merlin de Thionville (Merlin of Thionville) to distinguish him from Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai.Life He was born at Thionville, the son of a procureur in the bailliage of Thionville. After studying theology, he began a career in law, and in 1788 was an avocat at the parlement of Metz. In 1790 he was elected municipal officer of Thionville, and was sent by the department of Moselle to the Legislative Assembly. On 23 October 1791 he moved and carried the institution of a committee of surveillance, of which he became a member. It was he who proposed the law sequestrating the property of the émigrés, and he took an important part in the Demonstration of 20 June 1792 and in the revolution of 10 August of the same year.He was elected deputy to the National Convention, and pressed for the execution of Louis XVI, but a mission to the army prevented his attending the trial. He displayed great bravery in the defence of Mainz. He took part in the Thermidorian Reaction which followed the fall of Robespierre, and was appointed to the Committee of General Security on 31 July 1794. He sat in the Council of Five Hundred under the Directory, and at the Coup of 18 Fructidor (4 September 1797) demanded the deportation of certain republican members. In 1798 he ceased to be a member of the Council of Five Hundred, and was appointed director-general of posts, being sent subsequently to organize the Army of Italy. He retired into private life at the proclamation of the Consulate, and lived in retirement under the Consulate and the First French Empire.

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[ "Antoine Le Picard de Phélippeaux", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Jean Théophile Victor Leclerc", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Jean Théophile Victor Leclerc, a.k.a. Jean-Theophilus Leclerc and Theophilus Leclerc d'Oze (1771–1820), was a radical French revolutionary, publicist, and soldier. After Jean-Paul Marat was assassinated, Leclerc assumed his mantle. Leclerc was the son of a civil engineer and joined the National Guard in Clermont-Ferrand at the outbreak of revolution in 1789. He then went to Martinique as a merchant's agent. However, his militant pro-revolutionary stance brought him into conflict with the planter aristocracy, who soon expelled him for revolutionary propaganda in 1791. He returned to metropolitan France and joined the 1st battalion of Morbihan in which he served until February 1792, when he left for Paris to defend seventeen grenadiers accused, in Martinique, of being revolutionaries. He successfully defended them in front of the Jacobin Club and the revolutionary national assembly. On April first that year he made a speech before the Jacobin Club calling for the execution of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.Leclerc returned to his military duties with the Army of the Rhine, and was sent on an unsuccessful spy mission across the Rhine in southwest Germany. It seems that he was betrayed by Dietrich, the mayor of Strasbourg. In November 1792, he fought at the Battle of Jemappes. In February 1793 he was transferred to the General Staff of the newly restructured Army of the Alps, in Lyon. It was there that he joined the Club Central and he was sent to Paris as a special deputy from Lyon.Leclerc took an extremely radical revolutionary position, even being expelled from the Jacobin Club for being too radical. He was a founding member of Les enragés (literally "the Angry Ones") who opposed Jacobian leniency. In 1793, he married Pauline Léon, who together with Claire Lacombe had founded the Société des républicaines révolutionnaires, a radical and revolutionary feminist organization which was banned the following year. He and his wife published a broadsheet called L'Ami du peuple par Leclerc starting in 1793, which advocated a radical purging of the army, the creation of a revolutionary army made up exclusively of the partisans of the Reign of Terror, and the execution of all the suspected anti-revolutionaries. His publishing activities ceased with his arrest in April 1794. After his release in August 1794, he and his wife maintained a low profile until his death some time after 1804.

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[ "Antoine Simon", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Joseph Bara", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

François Joseph Bara, also written Barra (30 July 1779 in Palaiseau – 7 December 1793 in Jallais), was a young French republican drummer boy at the time of the Revolution, and is known for his death and martyrdom at only 13 years old at the hands of pro-Monarchist forces at Vendée.

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[ "Sophie de Condorcet", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Antoine Joseph Gorsas", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Antoine Joseph Gorsas (24 March 1752 – 7 October 1793) was a French publicist and politician.Biography Gorsas was born at Limoges (Haute-Vienne), the son of a shoemaker. He established himself as a private tutor in Paris, and presently set up a school for the army at Versailles, which was attended by commoners as well as nobles. In 1781 he was imprisoned for a short time in the Bicêtre on an accusation of corrupting the morals of his pupils, his real offence being the writing of satirical verse.These circumstances explain the violence of his anti-monarchical sentiment. At the opening of the states-general he began to publish the Courrier de Versailles à Paris et de Paris a Versailles, in which appeared, on 4 October 1789, the account of the banquet of the royal bodyguard. Gorsas is said to have himself read it in public at the Palais Royal, and to have headed one of the columns that marched on Versailles.He then changed the name of his paper to the Courrier des quatre-vingt-trois départements, continuing his incendiary propaganda, which had no small share in provoking the popular insurrections of June and August 1792. During the September massacres he wrote in his paper that the prisons were the centre of an anti-national conspiracy and that the people exercised a just vengeance on the guilty.On 10 September 1792 he was elected to the convention for the department of Seine-et-Oise, and on 20 January 1793 was elected one of its secretaries. He sat at first with the Mountain, but having been long associated with Roland and Brissot, his agreement with the Girondists became gradually more pronounced; during the trial of Louis XVI he dissociated himself more and more from the principles of the Mountain, and he voted for the king's detention during the war and subsequent banishment.A violent attack on Marat in the Courrier led to an armed raid on his printing establishment on 9 March 1793. The place was sacked, but Gorsas escaped the popular fury by flight. The facts being reported to the convention, little sympathy was shown to Gorsas, and a resolution (which was evaded) was passed forbidding representatives to occupy themselves with journalism. On 2 June he was ordered by the convention to hold himself under arrest with other members of his party.He escaped to Normandy to join Buzot, and after the defeat of the Girondists at Pacy-sur-Eure he found shelter in Brittany. He was imprudent enough to return to Paris in the autumn, where he was arrested on 6 October and guillotined the next day.

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[ "Jean-François Varlet", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Jean-François Varlet (14 July 1764 – 4 October 1837) was a leader of the Enragés faction during the French Revolution. He was important in the fall of the monarchy and the Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793.Life Born in Paris on 14 July 1764 into a family of the petty bourgeoisie, Jean-François Varlet studied at the Collège d'Harcourt. He welcomed the Revolution with enthusiasm and wrote patriotic songs. However, at 21 Varlet was too young to be eligible for an elected position, so he turned to popular agitation instead. He was an early supporter of the radical Jacques Hébert.Varlet first rose to prominence through his opposition to the monarchy. When Louis XVI attempted to flee Paris, Varlet circulated petitions in the National Assembly and spoke against the king. He helped organize the popular protests that ended in the Champ de Mars massacre.On 10 August 1792, the Legislative Assembly suspended the king and called for the election of a National Convention to write a new constitution. Varlet was elected, and argued for direct universal suffrage and recall elections. He sought to prevent the wealthy from expanding their profits at the expense of the poor and called for the nationalization of all profits obtained through monopoly and hoarding. Because of these proto-socialist stances, Varlet is considered a member of the Enragés. However, this was not a coherent political party, and another Enragés leader, Jacques Roux, even called for Varlet's arrest. Varlet recognized the importance of women in the revolution, and helped organize poor working women into a semi-cohesive unit.On 22 February 1793, Jacques Roux and Jean-Francois Varlet emboldened the Parisian working poor to approach the Jacobin Club and persuade them to place price controls on necessary goods. However, the National Convention refused to grant them an audience. Further attempts for the Enragés to communicate their position were denied by the National Convention. Determined to be heard, they responded with revolt. They plundered the homes and businesses of the elite, employing direct action to meet their needs. The Enragés were noted for using legal and extralegal means to achieve their ends. On 24 May 1793 Varlet and other popular leaders were arrested, but this only exacerbated popular discontent. Giving in to the demands of the Commune, the Convention released Varlet and the other radicals three days later. The following day, 28 May, the Cite section called the other sections to a meeting at the Évêché (the Bishop's Palace) in order to organize an insurrection. On the 29th the delegates representing thirty-three of the sections formed an insurrectionary committee of nine, including Varlet. This committee would go on to lead the Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793. At the beginning of the Reign of Terror, Varlet was again arrested. He was released on 29 October 1793, but after the fall of Robespierre he was arrested yet again and spent almost a year in prison. After his release, Varlet settled at Pailly, Yonne, marrying and having three children. He became a Bonapartist after 1800 and lived some time in Nantes. He returned to Paris for several months in 1830 to participate in the July Revolution. In 1836 he left Nantes to live at Corbeil-Essonnes, where he drowned on 4 October 1837.

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[ "Jacques-Bernard-Marie Montané", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Jacques-Bernard-Marie Montané (5 January 1751, Toulouse–after 1805) was president of the Revolutionary Tribunal from March to August in 1793, during the French Revolution. He was president at the trial of Charlotte Corday. He was seen as insufficiently radical, and was replaced by Martial Herman. He survived the Thermidorian Reaction.

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[ "Jean-Baptiste Coffinhal", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Pierre-André Coffinhal-Dubail (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ɑ̃dʁe kɔfinal dybaj]), known as Jean-Baptiste Coffinhal (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist kɔfinal]), (7 November 1762 in Vic-sur-Cère – 6 August 1794 in Paris (18 Thermidor Year II)) was a lawyer, French revolutionary, member of the General Council of the Paris commune and a judge of the Revolutionary Tribunal.

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[ "Jean-Baptiste Le Carpentier", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Jean-Baptiste Mailhe", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Jean Henri Bancal des Issarts", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Louis-Joseph Charlier", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Louis Pierre Manuel", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

Life Revolutionary He was born at Montargis, Loiret, and entered the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, becoming tutor to the son of a Paris banker. In 1783 his clandestine pamphlet, Essais historiques, critiques, littéraires, et philosophiques, resulted in his being imprisoned in the Bastille.Manuel, a man of letters passionately embraced the revolutionary ideas, and after the storming of the Bastille became a member of the provisional municipality of Paris, administrating the Garde Nationale and gendarme. Early December 1791 he was elected as procureur public of the commune, charged with both the investigation and prosecution of crime and representing the King. In a discussion about the right of veto (to suspend a law for a period or until the fulfillment of a condition) he told the Jacobins as a patriot he did not like the King, but he should have the right to leave or to abdicate. As Manuel was not from Paris he lost popularity. On 24 February 1792 Manuel was installed as procureur of the commune, gave a speech warning against anarchy. He proposed to sell the portraits of bishops hanging inside the building.Manuel was associated with the Demonstration of 20 June 1792, which he visited as a private person. Afterwards he and Pétion de Villeneuve, the mayor were dismissed on 6 July by the Conseil Général, but reappointed on 23 July by the Assembly. During the 10 August storming of the Tuileries Palace, he was up all night and played a part in the formation of the insurrectionary Paris Commune which assured the success of the latter attack (begun by the taking of the Hôtel de Ville). On 12 August Robespierre and Manuel visited the Temple prison to check on the security of the royal family. Manuel and Pétion were against their imprisonment. At the end of the month and with a sense of martyrdom, Manuel or Robespierre seem to have ordered the sections to maintain their posts and die if necessary. On 28 August he helped Madame de Stael and released some of her friends. It is not clear if he saved the life of Beaumarchais who was jailed on the 23rd and released a week later, only three days before a massacre took place in the prison where he had been detained. Manuel lived at Place Dauphine and was present at the nearby Abbaye Prison on the first day of the September Massacres. The door was closed, but the killing was resumed after an intense discussion with Manuel, on people's justice and failing judges. Manuel belonged to a deputation sent by the general council (Conseil général) of the commune to ask for compassion. They were insulted and escaped with their lives. Late in the evening, Madame de Stael was conveyed home, escorted by Manuel. He saved the life of governess Madame Tourzel, because of her mother.On 7 September 1792, he was elected one of the deputies from Paris to the National Convention. On 3 November, he declared in the gallery of the Jacobin Club that "the massacres of September had been the Saint Bartholomew's Day of the people, who had shown themselves to be as wicked as a king, and that the whole of Paris was guilty of having suffered these assassinations.He suppressed the decoration of the Cross of Saint Louis, which he called "a stain on a man's coat", requested that Pétion de Villeneuve, the first president of Convention to be housed in the palace of the Tuileries, and demanded the sale of the Palace of Versailles.

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[ "René Levasseur", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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[ "Victor Scipion Charles Auguste de La Garde de Chambonas", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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2

[ "Marie Antoinette", "significant event", "French Revolution" ]

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13

[ "Marie Antoinette", "participant of", "French Revolution" ]

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14

[ "Marie Antoinette", "different from", "Marie Antoinette" ]

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32

[ "Marie Antoinette", "topic's main category", "Category:Marie Antoinette" ]

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[ "Marie Antoinette", "owner of", "Still life of fruit upon a marble ledge, a bird's nest to the right and a basket of flowers above, insects throughout" ]

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[ "Peter Scholze", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]

Early life and education Scholze was born in Dresden and grew up in Berlin. His father is a physicist, his mother a computer scientist, and his sister studied chemistry. He attended the Heinrich-Hertz-Gymnasium in Berlin-Friedrichshain, a gymnasium devoted to mathematics and science. As a student, Scholze participated in the International Mathematical Olympiad, winning three gold medals and one silver medal.He studied at the University of Bonn and completed his bachelor's degree in three semesters and his master's degree in two further semesters. He obtained his Ph.D. in 2012 under the supervision of Michael Rapoport.

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[ "Peter Scholze", "different from", "Peter Schulze" ]

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[ "Jan Nekovář", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]

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[ "George Tseng", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]

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[ "Po-Shen Loh", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]

Po-Shen Loh (born June 18, 1982) is an American professor of mathematics at Carnegie Mellon University, specializing in combinatorics, and the national coach of the United States' International Math Olympiad team. He is the founder of educational websites Expii and Live, and lead developer of contact-tracing app NOVID.Early life and education Loh was born on June 18, 1982 in Madison, Wisconsin to Singaporean immigrants Wei-Yin and Theresa Loh. As a middle school student, Loh twice represented Wisconsin in the Mathcounts competition. He attended James Madison Memorial High School, and in 1999 won a silver medal representing the US in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO).Loh studied mathematics as an undergraduate student at the California Institute of Technology. In 2003, he won a Goldwater Scholarship. In 2004 he graduated with honors, ranked first in his graduating class, and his undergraduate thesis received an honorable mention for the 2004 Morgan Prize. Loh completed a one-year master's degree at Cambridge University on a Churchill Scholarship.Loh pursued graduate studies in mathematics at Princeton University with the support of a Hertz Fellowship, and, under the supervision of Benny Sudakov, received a Ph.D. in 2010 with his dissertation Results in extremal and probabilistic combinatorics.

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[ "Antony Wassermann", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]

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[ "Maria Colombo (mathematician)", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]

Education and career Colombo was born in Luino, near the Swiss border of Italy. She competed for Italy in the 2005, 2006, and 2007 International Mathematical Olympiads, earning bronze, gold, and silver medals respectively.She earned bachelor's and master's degrees in mathematics at the University of Pisa in 2010 and 2011, and completed a Ph.D. in 2015 at the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, under the joint supervision of Luigi Ambrosio and Alessio Figalli. Her dissertation, Flows of non-smooth vector fields and degenerate elliptic equations: With applications to the Vlasov-Poisson and semigeostrophic systems, was published as a book in 2017 by Edizioni della Normale.After postdoctoral research with Camillo De Lellis at the University of Zurich, she joined the EPFL as an assistant professor in 2018, and was promoted to full professor in 2021.

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[ "Vlado Keselj", "participant of", "International Mathematical Olympiad" ]

Education As a high school student in Yugoslavia, Keselj competed in the 1987 International Mathematical Olympiad, earning a bronze medal. He earned his Ph.D. in 2002 at the University of Waterloo, with the dissertation Modular Stochastic HPSGs for Question Answering supervised by Nick Cercone.

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[ "Adolf Schmal", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

Felix Adolf Schmal (18 September 1872 – 28 August 1919) was an Austrian fencer and racing cyclist. He was born in Dortmund and died in Salzburg. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.1896 Olympics With a fencing mask, sabre and a racing bike, Schmal got a train ticket and headed for Athens, Greece for the first Olympics, and on 8 April 1896, he competed in the 100 km cycling race, but like seven other starters from the original ten he didn't finish the race. The next day he was competing in the sabre fencing event, and was looking at a medal having won both his opening two rounds, but then enter the King and his entourage and the officials decided to start the event again, in which Schmal only won one out of his four rounds. After a day off, Schmal was back in the saddle and winning two bronze medals, in the time trial Schmal finished on a time of 26 seconds which matched the time of Stamatios Nikolopoulos in second place behind the Frenchman Paul Masson, but Nikolopoulos won the race-off and Schmal finished in third place, he also finished in third place in the 10 km race behind the French duo of Léon Flameng and winner Paul Masson. On 13 April, Schmal won his gold medal in the 12 hour race, seven cyclists started the race and by lap 10 Schmal had lapped them all, so he then kept on the wheel of Englishman Frederick Keeping for the rest of the race, only Schmal and Keeping finished the race.

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[ "Theodor Leupold", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

Theodor Ferdinand Leupold was a German racing cyclist from Zittau. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.Leupold competed in the 333 metres and 100 kilometres races. He tied with two other cyclists for fifth place in the 333 metres at 27.0 seconds and was among the seven cyclists that did not finish the longer one (out of nine that started).References External links Theodor Leupold at Olympics.com Theodor Leupold at Olympedia

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[ "Edward Battell", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

Edward Battell was a British racing cyclist. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.Battell competed in the 333 metres, 100 kilometres, and road races. He came third in the road race, 87 km from Athens to Marathon and back. He came fourth in the 333m in 26.2 seconds. He was among the seven of the nine that started not to finish the 100 km.

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2

[ "Paul Masson (cyclist)", "different from", "Paul Masson" ]

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2

[ "Paul Masson (cyclist)", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

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5

[ "Stamatios Nikolopoulos", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Angelos Fetsis", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

Angelos Fetsis (Greek: Άγγελος Φέτσης, born 1878, date of death unknown) was a Greek athlete. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. He was born in Lefkada.Fetsis competed in the 800 metres event. He placed either fourth or fifth in his preliminary heat, though records do not indicate whether he was ahead or behind countryman Dimitrios Tomprof. Neither advanced to the finals, however, as a second-place finish was required for advancement. He also competed in the 1500 metres event. He placed in the bottom half of the eight runners who took part in the single race of the event, though his exact placing is unclear.

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4

[ "Frédéric Blanchy", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Evangelos Gerakeris", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

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5

[ "Jules Valton", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Charles Treffel", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Charles Lucien Treffel (23 June 1875 – 18 October 1947) was a French water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1900 Summer Olympics.

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6

[ "Evangelos Rallis", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

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6

[ "Jules Clévenot", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "William Exshaw", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Jules Trinité", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Jules Trinité", "participant of", "shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics – men's 50 metre free pistol, team" ]

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7

[ "Camille de La Forgue de Bellegarde", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Jacques Baudrier", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Joseph Martinez", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Mary Abbott (golfer)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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9

[ "Franz Abbé", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Félix Ayat", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Albert Louis Félix Ayat (15 September 1882 – 4 April 1972) was a French fencer. He competed in the individual épée at the 1900 Summer Olympics, alongside his elder brother Albert Jean Louis Ayat, who won the event.

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2

[ "Georges Sémichon", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Henry Maingot", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Henry Maingot was a French sailor who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Maingot took the 8th in the 1st race of the 3 to 10 ton.References External links Henry Maingot at Olympedia "Exposition Universelle Internationale de 1900, Concours D'Exercices Physiques et de Sports" (PDF) (in French). Imprimerie Nationale. 1901. pp. 399–430. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2008. Retrieved 23 May 2014.

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3

[ "John Daunt (golfer)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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5

[ "John Daunt (golfer)", "different from", "John Daunt" ]

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7

[ "Jules Perret", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Valentine Smith", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "John Howard Taylor", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "L. Hood", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Hugo Peitsch", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Georg Hugo Richard Peitsch (21 December 1878 – 10 September 1951) was a German gymnast. He competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics and the 1904 Summer Olympics. He moved to the United States following the 1904 Olympics and became a gymnastics teacher in Philadelphia, while continuing to be a gymnast himself. He was said to have gained national prominence in the US for his gymnastic talents, being described as one of the "most outstanding" in the sport in the country.

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3

[ "Hugo Peitsch", "participant of", "1904 Summer Olympics" ]

Georg Hugo Richard Peitsch (21 December 1878 – 10 September 1951) was a German gymnast. He competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics and the 1904 Summer Olympics. He moved to the United States following the 1904 Olympics and became a gymnastics teacher in Philadelphia, while continuing to be a gymnast himself. He was said to have gained national prominence in the US for his gymnastic talents, being described as one of the "most outstanding" in the sport in the country.

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5

[ "Hermann Mandl", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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5

[ "Salusbury Mellor", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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1

[ "William Connor (gymnast)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

William James Connor (7 May 1869 – 13 March 1964) was a British gymnast. He competed in the men's individual all-around event at the 1900 Summer Olympics.References External links William Connor at Olympedia William Connor at the British Olympic Association

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4

[ "Texier (crew)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Texier was a French sailor who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. With Texier (helmsman) as helmsman and fellow crewmembers Jean-Baptiste Charcot and Robert Linzeler, Texier took the 2nd place in first race of the 0 to 0.5 ton and finished 2nd in the second race. With Texier (helmsman) he finished 8th in the 0.5 to 1 ton. Also with Texier (helmsman) he took part in the 1 to 2 ton. They finished 7th in the first race and 6th in the second race.

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3

[ "Adolphe Thomegeux", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Frederick Keeping", "participant of", "1896 Summer Olympics" ]

Frederick Keeping (11 August 1867 – 21 February 1950) was a British racing cyclist. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.Keeping competed in the 333 metres and 12 hours races. In the 12 hours race, Keeping was one of only two cyclists to finish, covering 314.664 kilometres. He was only one lap behind the winner, Adolf Schmal, who covered 314.997 kilometres. Keeping tied with two others for fifth place in the 333m, with 27.0 seconds.

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[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "different from", "Jean-Martin Charcot" ]

Jean-Baptiste-Étienne-Auguste Charcot (15 July 1867 – 16 September 1936), born in Neuilly-sur-Seine, was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893).Life Jean-Baptiste Charcot was appointed leader of the French Antarctic Expedition with the ship Français exploring the west coast of Graham Land from 1904 until 1907. The expedition reached Adelaide Island in 1905 and took pictures of the Palmer Archipelago and Loubet Coast. From 1908 until 1910, another expedition followed with the ship Pourquoi Pas ?, exploring the Bellingshausen Sea and the Amundsen Sea and discovering Loubet Land, Marguerite Bay, Mount Boland and Charcot Island, which was named after his father, Jean-Martin Charcot. He named Hugo Island after Victor Hugo, the grandfather of his wife, Jeanne Hugo. Later on, Jean-Baptiste Charcot explored Rockall in 1921 and Eastern Greenland and Svalbard from 1925 until 1936. He died when Pourquoi-Pas ? was wrecked in a storm off the coast of Iceland in 1936. A monument to Charcot was created in Reykjavík, Iceland by sculptor Einar Jónsson in 1936 and another by Ríkarður Jónsson in 1952. Charcot participated in many sports. He won two silver medals in sailing at the Summer Olympics of 1900.

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[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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9

[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics – 0 to .5 ton" ]

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17

[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "1895–96 French Rugby Union Championship" ]

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18

[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "participant of", "1894–95 French Rugby Union Championship" ]

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19

[ "Jean-Baptiste Charcot", "topic's main category", "Category:Jean-Baptiste Charcot" ]

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43

[ "Bernard de Pourtalès", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Robert de Montesquiou", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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5

[ "Robert de Montesquiou", "topic's main category", "Category:Robert de Montesquiou" ]

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25

[ "Robert de Montesquiou", "owner of", "Palais Rose in Vésinet" ]

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30

[ "Hermann de Pourtalès", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "M. L. Logan", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Lorne Currie", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Victor Sonnemans", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Jean Hervé", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Herbert Loveitt", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Herbert Arthur Loveitt (8 March 1874 – 18 February 1909) was a British rugby union player. He competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics and won silver as part of the Great Britain team in what was the first rugby union competition at an Olympic Games.References External links Herbert Arthur Loveitt at Olympics.com Herbert Arthur Loveitt at Olympedia Herbert Arthur Loveitt at the British Olympic Association Herbert Loveitt at the International Olympic Committee

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[ "Victor Larchandet", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4

[ "Maurice Macaire", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Maurice Macaire (November 22, 1881 in Paris, date of death unknown) was a French football player who competed in the 1900 Olympic Games. In Paris he won a silver medal as a member of Club Français club team.References External links Maurice Macaire at Olympics.com Maurice Macaire at Olympedia

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[ "Ottokar Weise", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Georg Naue", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Henri Cohen (water polo)", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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3

[ "Henri Cohen (water polo)", "different from", "Henri Cohen" ]

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5

[ "Henri Cohen (water polo)", "different from", "Henri Cohen" ]

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10

[ "Paul Wiesner", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

Paul Wiesner (10 September 1855 – 1 October 1930) was a German sailor who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics.He was the helmsman of the German boat Aschenbrödel, which won the gold medal in the second race of 1 – 2 ton class and silver medal in the open class. He also participated in the ½—1 ton class, but his boat Aschenbrödel weighed in at 1.041 tons instead of less than a 1 ton, and he was disqualified.

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4

[ "Auguste Donny", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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5

[ "Camillo Pavanello", "participant of", "1900 Summer Olympics" ]

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4