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stringlengths 17
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stringlengths 1
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
26,545,527 | Does [ SNACK HIGH WHEY PROTEIN improve THE LEVEL OF SATIETY AND REDUCES APPETITE HEALTHY WOMEN ]? | {
"contexts": [
"the nutritional content and energy density of foods is related to greater control of appetite, satiety and reducing food intake.",
"the randomized crossover study included 20 healthy women, aged 20 and 30 years with a BMI of 20 to 24.9 kg/m2 and who completed that included 3 day trial comparing 8 hours 130 kcal snacks consumed afternoon: yoghurt with added whey protein (PSL), biscuits and chocolate. Participants consumed a standardized menu; snack was consumed 3 hours after lunch. Perceived hunger and fullness were evaluated during the afternoon until dinner voluntary intake ad libitum. They repeat the same snack 3 times.",
"consumption of yogurt with PSL led to a further reduction of appetite in the afternoon in front of the snack of chocolate and biscuits (p < 0.001). No differences of appetite in the afternoon between chocolate vs cookies but significant difference between yogurt with PSL and other treatments (p < 0.001) were detected. At snack, yogurt there was a significant reduction in caloric intake compared to other snacks (p < 0.001) and a later request for dinner with about 45 minutes apart."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Appetite",
"Appetite Depressants",
"Body Mass Index",
"Cross-Over Studies",
"Energy Intake",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Satiety Response",
"Snacks",
"Whey Proteins",
"Yogurt",
"Young Adult"
]
} | snacks with less energy density and rich in protein (yogurt with PSL) improve the control of appetite, satiety and reduces food intake in healthy women later. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does [ SNACK HIGH WHEY PROTEIN improve THE LEVEL OF SATIETY AND REDUCES APPETITE HEALTHY WOMEN ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['the nutritional content and energy density of foods is related to greater control of appetite, satiety and reducing food intake.', 'the randomized crossover study included 20 healthy women, aged 20 and 30 years with a BMI of 20 to 24.9 kg/m2 and who completed that included 3 day trial comparing 8 hours 130 kcal snacks consumed afternoon: yoghurt with added whey protein (PSL), biscuits and chocolate. Participants consumed a standardized menu; snack was consumed 3 hours after lunch. Perceived hunger and fullness were evaluated during the afternoon until dinner voluntary intake ad libitum. They repeat the same snack 3 times.', 'consumption of yogurt with PSL led to a further reduction of appetite in the afternoon in front of the snack of chocolate and biscuits (p < 0.001). No differences of appetite in the afternoon between chocolate vs cookies but significant difference between yogurt with PSL and other treatments (p < 0.001) were detected. At snack, yogurt there was a significant reduction in caloric intake compared to other snacks (p < 0.001) and a later request for dinner with about 45 minutes apart.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Appetite', 'Appetite Depressants', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Satiety Response', 'Snacks', 'Whey Proteins', 'Yogurt', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,547,020 | Is amazonian delicacy tucupi as erosive as a cola-based soft drink? | {
"contexts": [
"Acidic diets are advocated as main risk factor for tooth erosion, which could be prevented, or at least controlled, if patients were early advised. It is important to identify, hence, if possible dietary constituents regionally consumed on large scale, such as tucupi, a low-pH yellowish-green color and strong flavor delicacy made from the juice of a bitter cassava, may explain its occurrence in specific patient groups. This cross-over in situ/ex vivo study evaluated tucupi's ability to promote erosion of bovine enamel by assessing its percentage of surface microhardness change (%SMHC), taking a cola-based soft drink and human saliva as positive and negative controls.",
"For three 7-days spaced out legs of 7 days each, nine volunteers wore palatal devices with three bovine enamel blocks, which were challenged with one of the following solutions: TUC-tucupi (n=27); COL-cola-based soft drink (n=27); SAL-saliva (n=27). Erosive challenges were performed extra-orally (4×/day) by dropping TUC or COL at room temperature on specimens. After 5min, palatal devices were replaced into the mouth. SAL permanently acted as the negative control while volunteers solely wore the device. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc tests (α=0.05) were applied.",
"TUC promoted an enamel %SMHC (-21.56±10.08(a)) similar than that promoted by COL (-18.19±12.99(a); p=0.275), which were both significantly higher than that promoted by SAL (-1.86±13.65(b); p<0.0001)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Carbonated Beverages",
"Cattle",
"Cola",
"Hardness",
"Humans",
"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration",
"Manihot",
"Tooth Erosion"
]
} | Besides the most worldwide appreciated cola-based soft drink, the greatly consumed Amazonian delicacy tucupi can be considered a potential risk factor for tooth erosion. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is amazonian delicacy tucupi as erosive as a cola-based soft drink?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"Acidic diets are advocated as main risk factor for tooth erosion, which could be prevented, or at least controlled, if patients were early advised. It is important to identify, hence, if possible dietary constituents regionally consumed on large scale, such as tucupi, a low-pH yellowish-green color and strong flavor delicacy made from the juice of a bitter cassava, may explain its occurrence in specific patient groups. This cross-over in situ/ex vivo study evaluated tucupi's ability to promote erosion of bovine enamel by assessing its percentage of surface microhardness change (%SMHC), taking a cola-based soft drink and human saliva as positive and negative controls.\", \"For three 7-days spaced out legs of 7 days each, nine volunteers wore palatal devices with three bovine enamel blocks, which were challenged with one of the following solutions: TUC-tucupi (n=27); COL-cola-based soft drink (n=27); SAL-saliva (n=27). Erosive challenges were performed extra-orally (4×/day) by dropping TUC or COL at room temperature on specimens. After 5min, palatal devices were replaced into the mouth. SAL permanently acted as the negative control while volunteers solely wore the device. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc tests (α=0.05) were applied.\", 'TUC promoted an enamel %SMHC (-21.56±10.08(a)) similar than that promoted by COL (-18.19±12.99(a); p=0.275), which were both significantly higher than that promoted by SAL (-1.86±13.65(b); p<0.0001).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Carbonated Beverages', 'Cattle', 'Cola', 'Hardness', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Manihot', 'Tooth Erosion']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,531,243 | Do instructions influence response to the Chinese version of the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale in community-dwelling older adults? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether differences emerged when the Chinese version of the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS-C) was administered to community-dwelling older adults with instructions to respond in the context of \"general\" movements, walking, using chopsticks or dressing. Furthermore, the difference between the six-point Likert scale and four-point Likert scale response formats of the MSRS-C was investigated.",
"The study was implemented in the community of Hong Kong with 52 older adults (mean age 77.4 years). Telephone interviews were carried out on two occasions for each participant. Participants provided a verbal response to each of 10 questions from the MSRS-C with different response formats (i.e., six-point or four-point Likert Scales) and different instructions in the response context (i.e. general, walking, using chopsticks, dressing). The sequence of response format and context was randomized for each participant.",
"Older fallers scored significantly higher on the MSRS-C (general) with six-point or four-point response formats than non-fallers. The MSRS-C (general) and MSRS-C (walking) were not statistically different, and showed good discriminative power for previous older fall status (older fallers or older non-fallers). However, MSRS-C (chopsticks) and MSRS-C (dressing) failed to differentiate older fallers from older non-fallers."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Accidental Falls",
"Aged",
"Female",
"Geriatric Assessment",
"Hong Kong",
"Humans",
"Independent Living",
"Male",
"Movement",
"Walking"
]
} | Both the MSRS-C (general) and MSRS-C (walking) with a six-point or a four-point response format showed good discrimination of older fallers from non-fallers. Older adults might respond to the MSRS-C with respect to the most challenging movements (e.g. fall-related movements) in their daily living. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; ●●: ●●-●●. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do instructions influence response to the Chinese version of the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale in community-dwelling older adults?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To examine whether differences emerged when the Chinese version of the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS-C) was administered to community-dwelling older adults with instructions to respond in the context of \"general\" movements, walking, using chopsticks or dressing. Furthermore, the difference between the six-point Likert scale and four-point Likert scale response formats of the MSRS-C was investigated.', 'The study was implemented in the community of Hong Kong with 52 older adults (mean age 77.4 years). Telephone interviews were carried out on two occasions for each participant. Participants provided a verbal response to each of 10 questions from the MSRS-C with different response formats (i.e., six-point or four-point Likert Scales) and different instructions in the response context (i.e. general, walking, using chopsticks, dressing). The sequence of response format and context was randomized for each participant.', 'Older fallers scored significantly higher on the MSRS-C (general) with six-point or four-point response formats than non-fallers. The MSRS-C (general) and MSRS-C (walking) were not statistically different, and showed good discriminative power for previous older fall status (older fallers or older non-fallers). However, MSRS-C (chopsticks) and MSRS-C (dressing) failed to differentiate older fallers from older non-fallers.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Accidental Falls', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Hong Kong', 'Humans', 'Independent Living', 'Male', 'Movement', 'Walking']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,548,850 | Does abdominal compression during endoscopy ( the Bolster technique ) demonstrate hidden Schatzki rings ( with videos )? | {
"contexts": [
"Schatzki rings are found in the distal esophagus, are associated with hiatal hernias, and present with intermittent dysphagia to solid foods. They can be identified by radiology (GI series or barium swallow studies) or endoscopy. Rings are not always visualized during endoscopy in patients in whom they are suspected clinically. The Bolster technique involves application of epigastric abdominal pressure, which offers the potential to reveal a Schatzki ring that is otherwise obscured within a reduced hiatal hernia. The aim of this study was to determine whether the Bolster technique improves endoscopic detection of Schatzki rings.",
"We reviewed 30 symptomatic patients with a history of a Schatzki ring in a tertiary care center. The Bolster technique was applied to patients in whom the ring was not visible during standard endoscopy. The main outcome measurement was identification of the Schatzki ring after the Bolster technique.",
"A Schatzki ring was visible during standard endoscopy in 26 of the 30 patients. In the remaining 4, the ring was visible only after the application of the Bolster technique."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Abdomen",
"Deglutition Disorders",
"Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal",
"Esophagogastric Junction",
"Hernia, Hiatal",
"Humans",
"Pressure"
]
} | The Bolster technique is a simple maneuver that can increase detection rates of Schatzki rings during endoscopy. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does abdominal compression during endoscopy ( the Bolster technique ) demonstrate hidden Schatzki rings ( with videos )?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Schatzki rings are found in the distal esophagus, are associated with hiatal hernias, and present with intermittent dysphagia to solid foods. They can be identified by radiology (GI series or barium swallow studies) or endoscopy. Rings are not always visualized during endoscopy in patients in whom they are suspected clinically. The Bolster technique involves application of epigastric abdominal pressure, which offers the potential to reveal a Schatzki ring that is otherwise obscured within a reduced hiatal hernia. The aim of this study was to determine whether the Bolster technique improves endoscopic detection of Schatzki rings.', 'We reviewed 30 symptomatic patients with a history of a Schatzki ring in a tertiary care center. The Bolster technique was applied to patients in whom the ring was not visible during standard endoscopy. The main outcome measurement was identification of the Schatzki ring after the Bolster technique.', 'A Schatzki ring was visible during standard endoscopy in 26 of the 30 patients. In the remaining 4, the ring was visible only after the application of the Bolster technique.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Abdomen', 'Deglutition Disorders', 'Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Esophagogastric Junction', 'Hernia, Hiatal', 'Humans', 'Pressure']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,329 | Does the pathogenic activity of anti-desmoglein autoantibodies parallel disease severity in rituximab-treated patients with pemphigus vulgaris? | {
"contexts": [
"Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease mediated by IgG autoantibodies targeting desmogleins (Dsgs). The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is increasingly used in corticosteroid-resistant PV patients. In a subset of rituximab-treated patients in remission, high ELISA index values have been reported; however, their significance remains so far unclear.",
"To address the discrepancy between anti-Dsg3 serum antibody titers and disease severity.",
"6 rituximab-treated PV patients were prospectively followed-up for two years and anti-Dsg3 autoantibodies levels and pathogenic activity were measured.",
"All patients achieved complete remission without any serious side effects. Both anti-Dsg3 autoantibodies (p = 0.031) and their pathogenic activity (p = 0.003) were significantly related to disease severity. However, in selected patients, the dissociation index was a more sensitive indicator for PV clinical activity than the ELISA index."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Autoantibodies",
"Desmogleins",
"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug",
"Drug Administration Schedule",
"Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Humans",
"Infusions, Intravenous",
"Microscopy, Fluorescence",
"Pemphigus",
"Remission Induction",
"Rituximab",
"Time Factors",
"Treatment Outcome"
]
} | Our findings have demonstrated the existence of non-pathogenic autoantibodies in PV patients in remission, establishing the basis for the design of a system able to precisely monitor the course of disease. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does the pathogenic activity of anti-desmoglein autoantibodies parallel disease severity in rituximab-treated patients with pemphigus vulgaris?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease mediated by IgG autoantibodies targeting desmogleins (Dsgs). The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is increasingly used in corticosteroid-resistant PV patients. In a subset of rituximab-treated patients in remission, high ELISA index values have been reported; however, their significance remains so far unclear.', 'To address the discrepancy between anti-Dsg3 serum antibody titers and disease severity.', '6 rituximab-treated PV patients were prospectively followed-up for two years and anti-Dsg3 autoantibodies levels and pathogenic activity were measured.', 'All patients achieved complete remission without any serious side effects. Both anti-Dsg3 autoantibodies (p = 0.031) and their pathogenic activity (p = 0.003) were significantly related to disease severity. However, in selected patients, the dissociation index was a more sensitive indicator for PV clinical activity than the ELISA index.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Autoantibodies', 'Desmogleins', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Pemphigus', 'Remission Induction', 'Rituximab', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,542,279 | Is elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer level a useful predictor of chemoresistance and poor disease outcome for serous ovarian cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether the elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer levels show correlation with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in serous ovarian cancer patients.",
"Preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were measured in 125 patients with primary serous ovarian cancer (SOC).The correlations of plasma D-dimer levels with clinicopathological features, chemotherapeutic response, and survival outcome were further analyzed. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to compute the survival functions and were compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of D-dimer on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), controlling for potential confounding factors.",
"The median follow-up period was 49 (range 5-85) months. Elevated plasma D-dimer levels were positively associated with advanced FIGO stage (P = 0.010), residual tumor size (P = 0.017), the presence of malignant ascites (P = 0.028), increased serum CA125 level (P = 0.014), and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.008). The patients with elevated plasma D-dimer levels had significantly higher chemoresistance rates (56.41 %) compared to the normal plasma D-dimer levels (20.93 %). Additionally, it was found by the univariate analysis that elevated plasma D-dimer levels were closely related with a low 5-year PFS rate (28.21 vs 52.33 %, P = 0.002) and a poor 5-year OS (30.77 vs 63.95 %, P < 0.001). However, after adjustment for other factors, high plasma D-dimer levels were only closely correlated with a poor 5-year OS (HR 1.901, 95 % CI 1.021-3.540; P = 0.043)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols",
"Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",
"Chemotherapy, Adjuvant",
"Disease-Free Survival",
"Drug Resistance, Neoplasm",
"Female",
"Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Humans",
"Kaplan-Meier Estimate",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial",
"Outcome Assessment (Health Care)",
"Ovarian Neoplasms",
"Predictive Value of Tests",
"Preoperative Period",
"Prognosis",
"Proportional Hazards Models",
"Retrospective Studies"
]
} | Elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were associated with chemoresistance and poor disease outcome in serous ovarian cancer patients. Further validation of this easily available parameter as a promising prognostic biomarker for patients with SOC in prospective studies should be encouraged. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer level a useful predictor of chemoresistance and poor disease outcome for serous ovarian cancer patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To examine whether the elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer levels show correlation with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in serous ovarian cancer patients.', 'Preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were measured in 125 patients with primary serous ovarian cancer (SOC).The correlations of plasma D-dimer levels with clinicopathological features, chemotherapeutic response, and survival outcome were further analyzed. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to compute the survival functions and were compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of D-dimer on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), controlling for potential confounding factors.', 'The median follow-up period was 49 (range 5-85) months. Elevated plasma D-dimer levels were positively associated with advanced FIGO stage (P = 0.010), residual tumor size (P = 0.017), the presence of malignant ascites (P = 0.028), increased serum CA125 level (P = 0.014), and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.008). The patients with elevated plasma D-dimer levels had significantly higher chemoresistance rates (56.41 %) compared to the normal plasma D-dimer levels (20.93 %). Additionally, it was found by the univariate analysis that elevated plasma D-dimer levels were closely related with a low 5-year PFS rate (28.21 vs 52.33 %, P = 0.002) and a poor 5-year OS (30.77 vs 63.95 %, P < 0.001). However, after adjustment for other factors, high plasma D-dimer levels were only closely correlated with a poor 5-year OS (HR 1.901, 95 % CI 1.021-3.540; P = 0.043).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial', 'Outcome Assessment (Health Care)', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Preoperative Period', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,553,442 | Is preoperative Helicobacter pylori Infection Associated with Increased Survival After Resection of Gastric Adenocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Limited data exist on the prognosis of preoperative Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC).",
"Patients who underwent curative-intent resection for GAC from 2000 to 2012 at seven academic institutions comprising the United States Gastric Cancer Collaborative were included in the study. The primary end points of the study were overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS).",
"Of 559 patients, 104 (18.6 %) who tested positive for H. pylori were younger (62.1 vs 65.1 years; p = 0.041), had a higher frequency of distal tumors (82.7 vs 71.9 %; p = 0.033), and had higher rates of adjuvant radiation therapy (47.0 vs 34.9 %; p = 0.032). There were no differences in American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class, margin status, grade, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, nodal metastases, or tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. H. pylori positivity was associated with longer OS (84.3 vs 44.2 months; p = 0.008) for all patients. This relationship with OS persisted in the multivariable analysis (HR 0.54; 95 % CI 0.30-0.99; p = 0.046). H. pylori was not associated with RFS or DSS in all patients. In the stage 3 patients, H. pylori was associated with longer OS (44.5 vs 24.7 months; p = 0.018), a trend of longer RFS (31.4 vs 21.6 months; p = 0.232), and longer DSS (44.8 vs 27.2 months; p = 0.034)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adenocarcinoma",
"Aged",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Gastrectomy",
"Helicobacter Infections",
"Helicobacter pylori",
"Humans",
"Lymphatic Metastasis",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoplasm Invasiveness",
"Neoplasm Staging",
"Preoperative Care",
"Prognosis",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Stomach Neoplasms",
"Survival Rate"
]
} | Patients with and without preoperative H. pylori infection had few differences in adverse pathologic features at the time of gastric adenocarcinoma resection. Despite similar disease presentations, preoperative H. pylori infection was independently associated with improved OS. Further studies examining the interaction between H. pylori and tumor immunology and genetics are merited. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is preoperative Helicobacter pylori Infection Associated with Increased Survival After Resection of Gastric Adenocarcinoma?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Limited data exist on the prognosis of preoperative Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC).', 'Patients who underwent curative-intent resection for GAC from 2000 to 2012 at seven academic institutions comprising the United States Gastric Cancer Collaborative were included in the study. The primary end points of the study were overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS).', 'Of 559 patients, 104 (18.6\\xa0%) who tested positive for H. pylori were younger (62.1 vs 65.1\\xa0years; p\\xa0=\\xa00.041), had a higher frequency of distal tumors (82.7 vs 71.9\\xa0%; p\\xa0=\\xa00.033), and had higher rates of adjuvant radiation therapy (47.0 vs 34.9\\xa0%; p\\xa0=\\xa00.032). There were no differences in American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class, margin status, grade, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, nodal metastases, or tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. H. pylori positivity was associated with longer OS (84.3 vs 44.2\\xa0months; p\\xa0=\\xa00.008) for all patients. This relationship with OS persisted in the multivariable analysis (HR 0.54; 95\\xa0% CI 0.30-0.99; p\\xa0=\\xa00.046). H. pylori was not associated with RFS or DSS in all patients. In the stage 3 patients, H. pylori was associated with longer OS (44.5 vs 24.7\\xa0months; p\\xa0=\\xa00.018), a trend of longer RFS (31.4 vs 21.6\\xa0months; p\\xa0=\\xa00.232), and longer DSS (44.8 vs 27.2\\xa0months; p\\xa0=\\xa00.034).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gastrectomy', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,540,134 | Is plasma cholesterol related to menstrual status in adolescent girls with eating disorders and weight loss? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examined the relationship between plasma cholesterol and circulating triiodothyronine and oestradiol in 561 adolescent girls aged 11-17 with eating disorders.",
"Plasma total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triodothyronine and oestradiol were measured at assessment, and historical weight data were obtained from growth charts provided by the school health services. Cholesterol levels were related to weight change, menstrual status and serum hormones.",
"Plasma total cholesterol levels of >5.0 mmol/L were found in 38% of the 77 girls who were premenarcheal, 32% of the 199 with secondary amenorrhoea and 17% of those who were still menstruating. These cholesterol levels were inversely related to serum oestradiol and triiodothyronine concentrations, but not weight change, in amenorrhoic girls and were positively related to body mass index and inversely related to weight loss and serum triiodothyronine in girls who were still menstruating."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Amenorrhea",
"Child",
"Cholesterol",
"Feeding and Eating Disorders",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Weight Loss"
]
} | Increased plasma total cholesterol was related to amenorrhoea in adolescent girls with eating disorders and weight loss. Oestrogens appeared to mediate the effect of starvation on cholesterol, most effectively in premenarcheal girls. Re-establishing menstruation is an important goal in the treatment of eating disorders, to avoid dyslipidaemia and the risk of future cardiovascular disease. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is plasma cholesterol related to menstrual status in adolescent girls with eating disorders and weight loss?\nContext: {'contexts': ['This study examined the relationship between plasma cholesterol and circulating triiodothyronine and oestradiol in 561 adolescent girls aged 11-17 with eating disorders.', 'Plasma total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triodothyronine and oestradiol were measured at assessment, and historical weight data were obtained from growth charts provided by the school health services. Cholesterol levels were related to weight change, menstrual status and serum hormones.', 'Plasma total cholesterol levels of >5.0 mmol/L were found in 38% of the 77 girls who were premenarcheal, 32% of the 199 with secondary amenorrhoea and 17% of those who were still menstruating. These cholesterol levels were inversely related to serum oestradiol and triiodothyronine concentrations, but not weight change, in amenorrhoic girls and were positively related to body mass index and inversely related to weight loss and serum triiodothyronine in girls who were still menstruating.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Amenorrhea', 'Child', 'Cholesterol', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Weight Loss']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,546,460 | Does evodiamine inhibit the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro via repressing MMP-2 expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Evodiamine is one of active alkaloids isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham and has various pharmacological properties. In this study, we investigated its effects on the migration, invasion, and associated mechanism in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells.",
"Cell viability was determined by MTT assay after evodiamine treatment. Wound-healing assay and Boyden transwell system were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of evodiamine on cell migration and invasion. MMP-2/9 activity was determined using commercial detection kits. The levels of associated proteins involved in the regulation of cell migration and invasion were analyzed by Western blotting.",
"Evodiamine effectively inhibited the migration and invasion of HONE1 and CNE1 cells, and hardly affected cell proliferation, but significantly suppressed cell adhesion activity in vitro. Additionally, evodiamine treatment significantly decreased mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and its activity in the NPC cells, but had little effects on MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels and its activity. Further investigation revealed that evodiamine inhibited the translocation of NF-κB p65, which involves the regulation of MMP-2 expression in cancer invasion. Additionally, evodiamine treatment did not significantly affect the protein levels of JNK, p38, Akt, and their phosphorylated forms and ERK1/2, but strongly attenuated ERK1/2 phosphorylation level, which at least partly accounts for the signal pathway of evodiamine-inhibited migration and invasion of NPC cells."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Blotting, Western",
"Carcinoma",
"Cell Adhesion",
"Cell Line, Tumor",
"Cell Movement",
"Cell Survival",
"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug",
"Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic",
"Humans",
"MAP Kinase Signaling System",
"Matrix Metalloproteinase 2",
"Matrix Metalloproteinase 9",
"Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1",
"Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3",
"Molecular Structure",
"NF-kappa B",
"Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",
"Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",
"Neoplasm Invasiveness",
"Phosphorylation",
"Quinazolines",
"Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction"
]
} | These findings demonstrate that evodiamine inhibits the migration and invasiveness of NPC cells, and it is probably a potential agent for the treatment of NPC invasion and metastasis. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does evodiamine inhibit the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro via repressing MMP-2 expression?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Evodiamine is one of active alkaloids isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham and has various pharmacological properties. In this study, we investigated its effects on the migration, invasion, and associated mechanism in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells.', 'Cell viability was determined by MTT assay after evodiamine treatment. Wound-healing assay and Boyden transwell system were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of evodiamine on cell migration and invasion. MMP-2/9 activity was determined using commercial detection kits. The levels of associated proteins involved in the regulation of cell migration and invasion were analyzed by Western blotting.', 'Evodiamine effectively inhibited the migration and invasion of HONE1 and CNE1 cells, and hardly affected cell proliferation, but significantly suppressed cell adhesion activity in vitro. Additionally, evodiamine treatment significantly decreased mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and its activity in the NPC cells, but had little effects on MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels and its activity. Further investigation revealed that evodiamine inhibited the translocation of NF-κB p65, which involves the regulation of MMP-2 expression in cancer invasion. Additionally, evodiamine treatment did not significantly affect the protein levels of JNK, p38, Akt, and their phosphorylated forms and ERK1/2, but strongly attenuated ERK1/2 phosphorylation level, which at least partly accounts for the signal pathway of evodiamine-inhibited migration and invasion of NPC cells.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Blotting, Western', 'Carcinoma', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Survival', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3', 'Molecular Structure', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Phosphorylation', 'Quinazolines', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,547,334 | Is [ Low expression of SLC22A1 associated with a poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma : analysis of 303 patients ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the association between SLC22A1 expression and the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.",
"A tissue microarray of 303 HCC and matched adjacent noncancerous liver tissues (ANLTs) were constructed. The expression of SLC22A1 was tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and scored by two pathologists according to a 12-score scale (a score>6 was defined as high expression, and a score≤6 as low expression). The correlation of SLC22A1 expression with the clinicopathological features and the patients' outcome was analyzed.",
"All the ANLTs had a IHC score of 12, as compared to only 29 (9.6%) of the HCC tissues. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the IHC scores: 59% (180/303) in low expression group and 41% (123/303) in high expression group. The disease-free survival (DFS) rates and overall survival (OS) rates were significantly lower in low SLC22A1 expression group than in the high expression group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates were 43%, 31% and 27% in the low expression group, and were 58%, 47% and 43% in the high expression group, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 66%, 38% and 32% in low expression group, and were 80%, 57% and 50% in the high expression group, respectively. A low expression of SLC22A1 was positively correlated with the tumor diameter, BCLC stage, tumor differentiation, and AFP levels (P<0.05), and was an independent predictor of poor overall survival (HR=1.454; 95% CI, 1.050-2.013)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular",
"Disease-Free Survival",
"Down-Regulation",
"Humans",
"Immunohistochemistry",
"Liver Neoplasms",
"Organic Cation Transporter 1",
"Prognosis",
"Survival Rate",
"Tissue Array Analysis"
]
} | Down-regulation of SLC22A1 is a malignant feature and a potential prognostic marker of HCC. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is [ Low expression of SLC22A1 associated with a poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma : analysis of 303 patients ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To evaluate the association between SLC22A1 expression and the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.', \"A tissue microarray of 303 HCC and matched adjacent noncancerous liver tissues (ANLTs) were constructed. The expression of SLC22A1 was tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and scored by two pathologists according to a 12-score scale (a score>6 was defined as high expression, and a score≤6 as low expression). The correlation of SLC22A1 expression with the clinicopathological features and the patients' outcome was analyzed.\", 'All the ANLTs had a IHC score of 12, as compared to only 29 (9.6%) of the HCC tissues. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the IHC scores: 59% (180/303) in low expression group and 41% (123/303) in high expression group. The disease-free survival (DFS) rates and overall survival (OS) rates were significantly lower in low SLC22A1 expression group than in the high expression group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates were 43%, 31% and 27% in the low expression group, and were 58%, 47% and 43% in the high expression group, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 66%, 38% and 32% in low expression group, and were 80%, 57% and 50% in the high expression group, respectively. A low expression of SLC22A1 was positively correlated with the tumor diameter, BCLC stage, tumor differentiation, and AFP levels (P<0.05), and was an independent predictor of poor overall survival (HR=1.454; 95% CI, 1.050-2.013).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Down-Regulation', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Organic Cation Transporter 1', 'Prognosis', 'Survival Rate', 'Tissue Array Analysis']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,535,391 | Do patients With Isolated PCL Injuries Improve From Surgery as Much as Patients With ACL Injuries After 2 Years? | {
"contexts": [
"Reports on outcome after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction often contain both isolated PCL and combined knee ligament injuries. This makes it difficult to conclude on the outcome after reconstruction of isolated PCL injuries.",
"To investigate the outcome after PCL reconstruction in patients with an isolated PCL injury and to compare this with the outcome of patients treated with reconstruction after isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.",
"Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.",
"Seventy-one patients with an isolated PCL injury that was reconstructed surgically and who had registered in the Norwegian Knee Ligament Registry between 2004 and 2010 were included in this study. Patients with isolated ACL reconstructions (n = 9661) who had registered in the same period were included for comparison. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was used as the patient-reported outcome measure. Preoperative and 2-year postoperative KOOS scores were compared. Changes in KOOS score reported by the PCL patients were compared with changes reported by the ACL patients.",
"At the 2-year postoperative follow-up of the PCL-reconstructed patients, the patient-reported outcome was improved, measured by KOOS as follows: pain, 15.1 (95% CI, 8.5-21.8; P < .001); symptoms, 0.9 (95% CI, -6.6 to 8.3; P = .82); activities of daily living, 13.2 (95% CI, 6.6-13.9; P < .001); sports, 20.7 (95% CI, 11.8-29.4; P < .001); and quality of life, 26.6 (95% CI, 18.9-34.2; P < .001). According to the KOOS, the incremental improvements were similar for PCL and ACL patients. Time from injury to surgery was longer for the PCL patients compared with ACL patients (median, 21.5 vs 8.0 months; P < .001)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Patients undergoing PCL reconstruction can expect the same improvements in KOOS score as patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. However, PCL patients start out with an inferior score on average and consequently end up at a lower score compared with ACL patients for all KOOS subscales. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do patients With Isolated PCL Injuries Improve From Surgery as Much as Patients With ACL Injuries After 2 Years?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Reports on outcome after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction often contain both isolated PCL and combined knee ligament injuries. This makes it difficult to conclude on the outcome after reconstruction of isolated PCL injuries.', 'To investigate the outcome after PCL reconstruction in patients with an isolated PCL injury and to compare this with the outcome of patients treated with reconstruction after isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.', 'Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.', 'Seventy-one patients with an isolated PCL injury that was reconstructed surgically and who had registered in the Norwegian Knee Ligament Registry between 2004 and 2010 were included in this study. Patients with isolated ACL reconstructions (n = 9661) who had registered in the same period were included for comparison. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was used as the patient-reported outcome measure. Preoperative and 2-year postoperative KOOS scores were compared. Changes in KOOS score reported by the PCL patients were compared with changes reported by the ACL patients.', 'At the 2-year postoperative follow-up of the PCL-reconstructed patients, the patient-reported outcome was improved, measured by KOOS as follows: pain, 15.1 (95% CI, 8.5-21.8; P < .001); symptoms, 0.9 (95% CI, -6.6 to 8.3; P = .82); activities of daily living, 13.2 (95% CI, 6.6-13.9; P < .001); sports, 20.7 (95% CI, 11.8-29.4; P < .001); and quality of life, 26.6 (95% CI, 18.9-34.2; P < .001). According to the KOOS, the incremental improvements were similar for PCL and ACL patients. Time from injury to surgery was longer for the PCL patients compared with ACL patients (median, 21.5 vs 8.0 months; P < .001).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,210 | Does [ Indirubin inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the antitumoral effect of indirubin on androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells and its possible mechanisms.",
"We measured the inhibitory effect of indirubin on the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells using MTT assay, detected their cell cycles by flow cytometry, and determined the expressions of the cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D1 and its related downstream gene c-myc by Western blot.",
"The viability of the PC-3 cells was significantly decreased by indirubin in a concentration-dependent manner, reduced to 52. 2% and 13. 6% at 5 and 10 µmol/L, respectively. The cell cycle of the PC-3 cells was markedly inhibited by indirubin at 5 µmol/L, with the cells remarkably increased in the G0 and G1 phases and decreased in the S and G2/M phases. Meanwhile, indirubin also inhibited the expressions of cyclin D1 and c-myc in the Wnt signaling pathway."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Antibiotics, Antineoplastic",
"Cell Cycle",
"Cell Line, Tumor",
"Cell Proliferation",
"Cell Survival",
"Coloring Agents",
"Cyclin D1",
"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug",
"Genes, myc",
"Humans",
"Indoles",
"Male",
"Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc",
"Tetrazolium Salts",
"Thiazoles"
]
} | Indirubin can suppress the proliferation of androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells, which may be associated with its inhibitory effect on the cell cycle and Wnt signaling pathway. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does [ Indirubin inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To explore the antitumoral effect of indirubin on androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells and its possible mechanisms.', 'We measured the inhibitory effect of indirubin on the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells using MTT assay, detected their cell cycles by flow cytometry, and determined the expressions of the cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D1 and its related downstream gene c-myc by Western blot.', 'The viability of the PC-3 cells was significantly decreased by indirubin in a concentration-dependent manner, reduced to 52. 2% and 13. 6% at 5 and 10 µmol/L, respectively. The cell cycle of the PC-3 cells was markedly inhibited by indirubin at 5 µmol/L, with the cells remarkably increased in the G0 and G1 phases and decreased in the S and G2/M phases. Meanwhile, indirubin also inhibited the expressions of cyclin D1 and c-myc in the Wnt signaling pathway.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Coloring Agents', 'Cyclin D1', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Genes, myc', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Male', 'Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc', 'Tetrazolium Salts', 'Thiazoles']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,216 | Does [ Intracytoplasmic sperm injection improve the clinical outcomes of the males with 100 % teratozoospermia ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can improve the clinical outcomes of the male patients with 100% teratozoospermia.",
"We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 152 couples undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), including 75 cycles of IVF and 77 cycles of ICSI. We compared the rates of normal fertilization, high-quality embryos, transferrable embryos, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and abortion between the two groups.",
"In the 100% teratozoospermia patients the number of transferrable embryos was significantly lower in the IVF than in the ICSI group (78.91% vs 84.92%, P < 0.05), while the rates of normal fertilization and implantation were higher in the former than in the latter (60.26% vs 57.87% and 48.00% vs 39.55%, both P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the female age, Gn days, Gn dose, BMI, infertility duration, endometrial thickness, and basal serum FSH and E2."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Abortion, Spontaneous",
"Azoospermia",
"Embryo Implantation",
"Embryo Transfer",
"Female",
"Fertilization",
"Fertilization in Vitro",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Pregnancy",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic"
]
} | ICSI cannot improve the clinical outcomes of the male patients with 100% teratozoospermia. | no | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does [ Intracytoplasmic sperm injection improve the clinical outcomes of the males with 100 % teratozoospermia ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To investigate whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can improve the clinical outcomes of the male patients with 100% teratozoospermia.', 'We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 152 couples undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), including 75 cycles of IVF and 77 cycles of ICSI. We compared the rates of normal fertilization, high-quality embryos, transferrable embryos, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and abortion between the two groups.', 'In the 100% teratozoospermia patients the number of transferrable embryos was significantly lower in the IVF than in the ICSI group (78.91% vs 84.92%, P < 0.05), while the rates of normal fertilization and implantation were higher in the former than in the latter (60.26% vs 57.87% and 48.00% vs 39.55%, both P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the female age, Gn days, Gn dose, BMI, infertility duration, endometrial thickness, and basal serum FSH and E2.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Azoospermia', 'Embryo Implantation', 'Embryo Transfer', 'Female', 'Fertilization', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
]
|
26,536,893 | Does triheptanoin dramatically reduce paroxysmal motor disorder in patients with GLUT1 deficiency? | {
"contexts": [
"On the basis of our previous work with triheptanoin, which provides key substrates to the Krebs cycle in the brain, we wished to assess its therapeutic effect in patients with glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS) who objected to or did not tolerate ketogenic diets.",
"We performed an open-label pilot study with three phases of 2 months each (baseline, treatment and withdrawal) in eight patients with GLUT1-DS (7-47 years old) with non-epileptic paroxysmal manifestations. We used a comprehensive patient diary to record motor and non-motor paroxysmal events. Functional (31)P-NMR spectroscopy was performed to quantify phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) within the occipital cortex during (activation) and after (recovery) a visual stimulus.",
"Patients with GLUT1-DS experienced a mean of 30.8 (± 27.7) paroxysmal manifestations (52% motor events) at baseline that dropped to 2.8 (± 2.9, 76% motor events) during the treatment phase (p = 0.028). After withdrawal, paroxysmal manifestations recurred with a mean of 24.2 (± 21.9, 52% motor events; p = 0.043). Furthermore, brain energy metabolism normalised with triheptanoin, that is, increased Pi/PCr ratio during brain activation compared to the recovery phase (p = 0.021), and deteriorated when triheptanoin was withdrawn."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Child",
"Chorea",
"Energy Metabolism",
"Female",
"Functional Neuroimaging",
"Glucose Transporter Type 1",
"Humans",
"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Occipital Lobe",
"Phosphates",
"Phosphocreatine",
"Pilot Projects",
"Triglycerides",
"Young Adult"
]
} | Treatment with triheptanoin resulted in a 90% clinical improvement in non-epileptic paroxysmal manifestations and a normalised brain bioenergetics profile in patients with GLUT1-DS. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does triheptanoin dramatically reduce paroxysmal motor disorder in patients with GLUT1 deficiency?\nContext: {'contexts': ['On the basis of our previous work with triheptanoin, which provides key substrates to the Krebs cycle in the brain, we wished to assess its therapeutic effect in patients with glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS) who objected to or did not tolerate ketogenic diets.', 'We performed an open-label pilot study with three phases of 2 months each (baseline, treatment and withdrawal) in eight patients with GLUT1-DS (7-47 years old) with non-epileptic paroxysmal manifestations. We used a comprehensive patient diary to record motor and non-motor paroxysmal events. Functional (31)P-NMR spectroscopy was performed to quantify phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) within the occipital cortex during (activation) and after (recovery) a visual stimulus.', 'Patients with GLUT1-DS experienced a mean of 30.8 (± 27.7) paroxysmal manifestations (52% motor events) at baseline that dropped to 2.8 (± 2.9, 76% motor events) during the treatment phase (p = 0.028). After withdrawal, paroxysmal manifestations recurred with a mean of 24.2 (± 21.9, 52% motor events; p = 0.043). Furthermore, brain energy metabolism normalised with triheptanoin, that is, increased Pi/PCr ratio during brain activation compared to the recovery phase (p = 0.021), and deteriorated when triheptanoin was withdrawn.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Chorea', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Functional Neuroimaging', 'Glucose Transporter Type 1', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occipital Lobe', 'Phosphates', 'Phosphocreatine', 'Pilot Projects', 'Triglycerides', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,582 | Are hepatic myofibroblasts derived from Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice a source of IL-5 and eotaxin : controls of eosinophil populations in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatic myofibroblasts are relevant for pathogenesis of S. mansoni infection. In normal liver, these perisinusoidal cells are quiescent, express the lipocyte phenotype, and are located in the Disse's space, being the major site of vitamin A storage. When activated, they convert to myofibroblasts and contribute to granulomatous and diffuse liver fibrosis. In the present work, we observed that myofibroblasts obtained from granulomatous periovular inflammatory reactions in schistosome-infected mice (GR-MF) produce in vitro immunomodulatory cytokines for eosinophil activation: IL-5 and eotaxin.",
"The secretory activity of GR-MF was detected after TGF-β and IL-13 stimulation using 2D and 3D cell culture systems. In a mixed co-culture system using GR-MF with hematopoietic bone marrow cells from infected mice, we observed eosinophil survival that was dependent upon IL-5 and eotaxin, since antibodies against this cytokines decreased eosinophil population, as measured by eosinophil peroxidase activity."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Chemokine CCL11",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Eosinophils",
"Granuloma",
"Interleukin-5",
"Liver",
"Mice",
"Myofibroblasts",
"Schistosoma mansoni",
"Schistosomiasis mansoni"
]
} | These results indicate that GR-MF may contribute to maintenance of local eosinophilia in schistosomal hepatic granulomas, and can function as immunoregulatory cells, besides their role in production of fibrosis. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are hepatic myofibroblasts derived from Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice a source of IL-5 and eotaxin : controls of eosinophil populations in vitro?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"Hepatic myofibroblasts are relevant for pathogenesis of S. mansoni infection. In normal liver, these perisinusoidal cells are quiescent, express the lipocyte phenotype, and are located in the Disse's space, being the major site of vitamin A storage. When activated, they convert to myofibroblasts and contribute to granulomatous and diffuse liver fibrosis. In the present work, we observed that myofibroblasts obtained from granulomatous periovular inflammatory reactions in schistosome-infected mice (GR-MF) produce in vitro immunomodulatory cytokines for eosinophil activation: IL-5 and eotaxin.\", 'The secretory activity of GR-MF was detected after TGF-β and IL-13 stimulation using 2D and 3D cell culture systems. In a mixed co-culture system using GR-MF with hematopoietic bone marrow cells from infected mice, we observed eosinophil survival that was dependent upon IL-5 and eotaxin, since antibodies against this cytokines decreased eosinophil population, as measured by eosinophil peroxidase activity.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Chemokine CCL11', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Eosinophils', 'Granuloma', 'Interleukin-5', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Myofibroblasts', 'Schistosoma mansoni', 'Schistosomiasis mansoni']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,541,037 | Does [ Single-tube Single-run Multiplex PCR detect Mixed Samples with Four Species of Plasmodium ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To establish a single-tube single-run multiplex PCR technique that can detect single or mixed samples with four species of Plasmodium.",
"Folding primers were designed based on the fast nested PCR. The reaction component concentrations were optimized and the primers were selected based on the annealing temperature. The established single-tube single-run folding-primer multiplex PCR (FP-PCR) was tested for its sensitivity and specificity to detect single-species and mixed samples with P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. ovale (including P. ovale wallikeri) and/or P. malariae.",
"In all the seven experimental repeats, FP-PCR successfully detected single-species infection for all the four species, with the detection limit reaching or close to 1 parasite/µl blood. For mixed infections with 2-4 species at different densities with the highest being 100 times of the lowest, FP-PCR identified all the species in each combination in 57 out of 84 tests. Further, in 10 dried blood samples on filter paper from healthy subjects, no FP-PCR amplification was found, except weak formation of dimers."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Coinfection",
"DNA Primers",
"Humans",
"Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction",
"Plasmodium"
]
} | FP-PCR is a simple and sensitive method for detecting both single-species and mixed infections with human Plasmodium, and can be applied for malaria diagnosis, screening and monitoring. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does [ Single-tube Single-run Multiplex PCR detect Mixed Samples with Four Species of Plasmodium ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To establish a single-tube single-run multiplex PCR technique that can detect single or mixed samples with four species of Plasmodium.', 'Folding primers were designed based on the fast nested PCR. The reaction component concentrations were optimized and the primers were selected based on the annealing temperature. The established single-tube single-run folding-primer multiplex PCR (FP-PCR) was tested for its sensitivity and specificity to detect single-species and mixed samples with P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. ovale (including P. ovale wallikeri) and/or P. malariae.', 'In all the seven experimental repeats, FP-PCR successfully detected single-species infection for all the four species, with the detection limit reaching or close to 1 parasite/µl blood. For mixed infections with 2-4 species at different densities with the highest being 100 times of the lowest, FP-PCR identified all the species in each combination in 57 out of 84 tests. Further, in 10 dried blood samples on filter paper from healthy subjects, no FP-PCR amplification was found, except weak formation of dimers.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Coinfection', 'DNA Primers', 'Humans', 'Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Plasmodium']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,526,883 | Does apparent diffusion coefficient measurement covering complete tumor area better predict rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the impact of two apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement techniques on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images (DW MRI) on the assessment of rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).",
"ADC values were measured prospectively with two different techniques - the first, which measures ADCs in the most cellular tumor parts, and the second, which measures the entire tumor area, in 58 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer on pre-CRT and post-CRT image sets. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) and parameters of diagnostic accuracy were calculated for pre- and post-CRT ADC values and numeric and percent ADC change for each technique to determine their performance in tumor response evaluation using histopathological tumor-regression grade as the reference standard.",
"The second technique yielded higher AUCs (0.935 vs 0.704, P<.001), percent-change (0.828 vs 0.636, P<0.001), and numeric-change (0.866 vs 0.653, P<0.001) than the first technique for post-CRT ADC. Accuracies for post-CRT ADC assessment were 62% for the first and 88% for the second technique (cut-off values: 0.98 and 1.29×10(-3) mm2/s, respectively) and for ADC change assessment, both numeric and percent, 59% and 74%, respectively (cut-off values: increase of 0.18 and 0.28×10(-3) mm(2)/s; increase of 24% and 37%, respectively)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adenocarcinoma",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Area Under Curve",
"Chemoradiotherapy",
"Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoadjuvant Therapy",
"Neoplasm Staging",
"Prospective Studies",
"Rectal Neoplasms",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Treatment Outcome"
]
} | The type of measurement technique significantly affected ADC results. ADC measurements covering a larger area better predicted tumor response to therapy. Post-CRT ADCs, regardless of the measurement technique, and numeric ADC change measured in the whole tumor volume accurately identified non-complete responders. Post-CRT ADCs measured in the entire tumor area yielded the highest accuracy level in tumor response evaluation. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does apparent diffusion coefficient measurement covering complete tumor area better predict rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To determine the impact of two apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement techniques on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images (DW MRI) on the assessment of rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).', 'ADC values were measured prospectively with two different techniques - the first, which measures ADCs in the most cellular tumor parts, and the second, which measures the entire tumor area, in 58 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer on pre-CRT and post-CRT image sets. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) and parameters of diagnostic accuracy were calculated for pre- and post-CRT ADC values and numeric and percent ADC change for each technique to determine their performance in tumor response evaluation using histopathological tumor-regression grade as the reference standard.', 'The second technique yielded higher AUCs (0.935 vs 0.704, P<.001), percent-change (0.828 vs 0.636, P<0.001), and numeric-change (0.866 vs 0.653, P<0.001) than the first technique for post-CRT ADC. Accuracies for post-CRT ADC assessment were 62% for the first and 88% for the second technique (cut-off values: 0.98 and 1.29×10(-3) mm2/s, respectively) and for ADC change assessment, both numeric and percent, 59% and 74%, respectively (cut-off values: increase of 0.18 and 0.28×10(-3) mm(2)/s; increase of 24% and 37%, respectively).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Area Under Curve', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Treatment Outcome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,526,881 | Does a new Agkistrodon halys venom-purified protein C activator prevent myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effects of protein C activator (PCA) from Agkistrodon halys snake venom on cardiac fibrosis in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model, and investigate the mechanisms of its action.",
"PCA was identified by one-dimensional reversed phase liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (120-140 g) were randomly assigned to negative control (NC) and diabetic group. Diabetes was induced by STZ in high-fat diet fed rats. Diabetic group was subdivided into three groups: diabetic group (DM), diabetic group treated with PCA (0.5, 2, and 8 mg/kg), and diabetic group treated with metformin (5 mg/kg, positive control). NC and DM groups received the same volume of distilled water. Left ventricular mass index (LVWI) and collagen volume fraction were measured by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.",
"The diabetic rat model was successfully established by STZ induction and high-fat diet. Glucose level, LVWI, TGF-β1 and IL-1β level, and collagen volume fraction were significantly reduced in diabetic rats treated by PCA in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.050), especially in the high dose (8 mg/kg) group (P<0.010), compared to diabetes group. The high dose PCA had the same effect as metformin positive control in reducing the level of fasting blood glucose. PCA decreased the expression of MMP-2 and reduced that of TIMP-2."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Agkistrodon",
"Animals",
"Blood Glucose",
"Blotting, Western",
"Chromatography, Reverse-Phase",
"Collagen",
"Crotalid Venoms",
"Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental",
"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug",
"Endomyocardial Fibrosis",
"Enzyme Activation",
"Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay",
"Heart Ventricles",
"Hypoglycemic Agents",
"Interleukin-1beta",
"Male",
"Matrix Metalloproteinase 2",
"Metformin",
"Oligopeptides",
"Protein C",
"Rats",
"Rats, Sprague-Dawley",
"Tandem Mass Spectrometry",
"Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2",
"Transforming Growth Factor beta1"
]
} | Our results indicate that PCA has anti-fibrotic effects and that it may be used to treat myocardial fibrosis. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does a new Agkistrodon halys venom-purified protein C activator prevent myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To assess the effects of protein C activator (PCA) from Agkistrodon halys snake venom on cardiac fibrosis in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model, and investigate the mechanisms of its action.', 'PCA was identified by one-dimensional reversed phase liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (120-140 g) were randomly assigned to negative control (NC) and diabetic group. Diabetes was induced by STZ in high-fat diet fed rats. Diabetic group was subdivided into three groups: diabetic group (DM), diabetic group treated with PCA (0.5, 2, and 8 mg/kg), and diabetic group treated with metformin (5 mg/kg, positive control). NC and DM groups received the same volume of distilled water. Left ventricular mass index (LVWI) and collagen volume fraction were measured by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.', 'The diabetic rat model was successfully established by STZ induction and high-fat diet. Glucose level, LVWI, TGF-β1 and IL-1β level, and collagen volume fraction were significantly reduced in diabetic rats treated by PCA in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.050), especially in the high dose (8 mg/kg) group (P<0.010), compared to diabetes group. The high dose PCA had the same effect as metformin positive control in reducing the level of fasting blood glucose. PCA decreased the expression of MMP-2 and reduced that of TIMP-2.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Agkistrodon', 'Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blotting, Western', 'Chromatography, Reverse-Phase', 'Collagen', 'Crotalid Venoms', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Endomyocardial Fibrosis', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Metformin', 'Oligopeptides', 'Protein C', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,526,884 | Is real-time two-dimensional shear wave ultrasound elastography of the liver a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of esophageal varices in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary: to evaluate predictivity of liver stiffness (LS), spleen stiffness (SS), and their ratio assessed by real-time 2D shear wave elastography (RT-2D-SWE) for adverse outcomes (hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma or death; \"event\") in compensated liver cirrhosis (LC) patients. Secondary: to evaluate ability of these measures to discriminate between cirrhotic patients with/without esophageal varices (EV).",
"Predictivity of LS, SS, and LS/SS was assessed in a retrospectively analyzed cohort of compensated LC patients (follow-up cohort) and through comparison with incident patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC) (cross-sectional cohort). Both cohorts were used to evaluate diagnostic properties regarding EV.",
"In the follow-up cohort (n=44) 18 patients (40.9%) experienced an \"event\" over a median period of 28 months. LS≥21.5 kPa at baseline was independently associated with 3.4-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-10.4, P=0.026) higher risk of event. Association between SS and outcomes was weaker (P=0.056), while there was no association between LS/SS ratio and outcomes. Patients with DC (n=43) had higher LS (35.3 vs 18.3 kPa, adjusted difference 65%, 95% CI 43%-90%; P<0.001) than compensated patients at baseline. Adjusted odds of EV increased by 13% (95% CI 7.0%-20.0%; Plt;0.001) with 1 kPa increase in LS. At cut-offs of 19.7 and 30.3 kPa, LS and SS had 90% and 86.6% negative predictive value, respectively, to exclude EV in compensated patients."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Cohort Studies",
"Computer Systems",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Elasticity Imaging Techniques",
"Esophageal and Gastric Varices",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Liver",
"Liver Cirrhosis",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Prognosis",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Spleen"
]
} | This is the first evaluation of RT-2D-SWE as a prognostic tool in LC. Although preliminary and gathered in a limited sample, our data emphasize the potential of LS to be a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of EV in LC patients. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is real-time two-dimensional shear wave ultrasound elastography of the liver a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of esophageal varices in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Primary: to evaluate predictivity of liver stiffness (LS), spleen stiffness (SS), and their ratio assessed by real-time 2D shear wave elastography (RT-2D-SWE) for adverse outcomes (hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma or death; \"event\") in compensated liver cirrhosis (LC) patients. Secondary: to evaluate ability of these measures to discriminate between cirrhotic patients with/without esophageal varices (EV).', 'Predictivity of LS, SS, and LS/SS was assessed in a retrospectively analyzed cohort of compensated LC patients (follow-up cohort) and through comparison with incident patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC) (cross-sectional cohort). Both cohorts were used to evaluate diagnostic properties regarding EV.', 'In the follow-up cohort (n=44) 18 patients (40.9%) experienced an \"event\" over a median period of 28 months. LS≥21.5 kPa at baseline was independently associated with 3.4-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-10.4, P=0.026) higher risk of event. Association between SS and outcomes was weaker (P=0.056), while there was no association between LS/SS ratio and outcomes. Patients with DC (n=43) had higher LS (35.3 vs 18.3 kPa, adjusted difference 65%, 95% CI 43%-90%; P<0.001) than compensated patients at baseline. Adjusted odds of EV increased by 13% (95% CI 7.0%-20.0%; Plt;0.001) with 1 kPa increase in LS. At cut-offs of 19.7 and 30.3 kPa, LS and SS had 90% and 86.6% negative predictive value, respectively, to exclude EV in compensated patients.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Computer Systems', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Elasticity Imaging Techniques', 'Esophageal and Gastric Varices', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Spleen']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,542,961 | Does porcine liver vascular bed in Biodur E20 corrosion cast? | {
"contexts": [
"Pigs are frequently used as animal models in experimental medicine. To identify processes of vascular development or regression, vascular elements must be recognised and quantified in a three-dimensional (3D) arrangement. Vascular corrosion casts enable the creation of 3D replicas of vascular trees. The aim of our study was to identify suitable casting media and optimise the protocol for porcine liver vascular corrosion casting.",
"Mercox II® (Ladd Research, Williston, Vermont, USA) and Biodur E20® Plus (Biodur Products, Heidelberg, Germany) were tested in 4 porcine livers. The resins (volume approximately 700 mL) were injected via the portal vein. Corrosion casts were examined by macro-computed tomography, micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy.",
"For hepatectomies, the operating protocol was optimised to avoid gas or blood clot embolisation. We present a protocol for porcine liver vascular bed casting based on corrosion specimens prepared using Biodur E20® epoxy resin."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Capillaries",
"Corrosion",
"Corrosion Casting",
"Liver",
"Microscopy, Electron, Scanning",
"Swine",
"X-Ray Microtomography"
]
} | Only Biodur E20®Plus appeared to be suitable for high-volume vascular corrosion casting due to its optimal permeability, sufficient processing time and minimum fragility. Biodur E20® Plus is slightly elastic, radio-opaque and alcohol-resistant. These properties make this acrylic resin suitable for not only vascular research but also teaching purposes. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does porcine liver vascular bed in Biodur E20 corrosion cast?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Pigs are frequently used as animal models in experimental medicine. To identify processes of vascular development or regression, vascular elements must be recognised and quantified in a three-dimensional (3D) arrangement. Vascular corrosion casts enable the creation of 3D replicas of vascular trees. The aim of our study was to identify suitable casting media and optimise the protocol for porcine liver vascular corrosion casting.', 'Mercox II® (Ladd Research, Williston, Vermont, USA) and Biodur E20® Plus (Biodur Products, Heidelberg, Germany) were tested in 4 porcine livers. The resins (volume approximately 700 mL) were injected via the portal vein. Corrosion casts were examined by macro-computed tomography, micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy.', 'For hepatectomies, the operating protocol was optimised to avoid gas or blood clot embolisation. We present a protocol for porcine liver vascular bed casting based on corrosion specimens prepared using Biodur E20® epoxy resin.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Capillaries', 'Corrosion', 'Corrosion Casting', 'Liver', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Swine', 'X-Ray Microtomography']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,524,810 | Are pregnancy-associated plasma protein a levels decreased in obstetric cholestasis? | {
"contexts": [
"Obstetric cholestasis is a cholestatic disease usually commencing in the third trimester of pregnancy and characterized by pruritus, elevation of liver enzymes, and increase in bile acids. The objective of this study was to compare the first trimester serum indicators of obstetric cholestasis with normal pregnancies.",
"Thirty-five patients diagnosed with obstetric cholestasis in a three-year period with first trimester biochemical assessment available were included in the study. Seventy patients with concordant pregnancy weeks, matched-age normal pregnancies were included as the control group. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) levels were analyzed.",
"No difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age and week of pregnancy. While the mean PAPP-A level was 0.76 ± 0.31 multiples of the medians (MoM) in the obstetric cholestasis group, it was determined to be 1.5 ± 0.84 in the control group (p = 0.0001). Among the two groups, the hCG levels were found to be higher in the obstetric cholestasis group (1.2 ± 0.79 MoM vs. 0.98 ± 0.53, p = 0.041)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Biomarkers",
"Cholestasis, Intrahepatic",
"Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human",
"Female",
"Gestational Age",
"Humans",
"Pregnancy",
"Pregnancy Complications",
"Pregnancy Trimester, First",
"Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A"
]
} | In this study, the first trimester PAPP-A levels in the obstetric cholestasis cases were found to be significantly lower than the control group. Low PAPP-A levels should be a warning for obstetric cholestasis. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are pregnancy-associated plasma protein a levels decreased in obstetric cholestasis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Obstetric cholestasis is a cholestatic disease usually commencing in the third trimester of pregnancy and characterized by pruritus, elevation of liver enzymes, and increase in bile acids. The objective of this study was to compare the first trimester serum indicators of obstetric cholestasis with normal pregnancies.', 'Thirty-five patients diagnosed with obstetric cholestasis in a three-year period with first trimester biochemical assessment available were included in the study. Seventy patients with concordant pregnancy weeks, matched-age normal pregnancies were included as the control group. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) levels were analyzed.', 'No difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age and week of pregnancy. While the mean PAPP-A level was 0.76 ± 0.31 multiples of the medians (MoM) in the obstetric cholestasis group, it was determined to be 1.5 ± 0.84 in the control group (p = 0.0001). Among the two groups, the hCG levels were found to be higher in the obstetric cholestasis group (1.2 ± 0.79 MoM vs. 0.98 ± 0.53, p = 0.041).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Cholestasis, Intrahepatic', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,549,862 | Is atrophy of type I and II muscle fibers reversible in the case of grade > 2 fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus muscle : an experimental study in rabbits? | {
"contexts": [
"Although clinical investigations indicate that the limit of reversibility of rotator cuff muscles fibers type I and II atrophy is grade 2 of fatty degeneration (FD) according to the Goutallier computed tomography classification, little is known about the morphometric verification of these findings.",
"The supraspinatus tendon was detached from the greater tubercle and the infraspinatus and subscapularis in 12 rabbits, and a 12-week observation period followed. This proved to be sufficient for development of grade >2 FD of the supraspinatus tendon. The tendon was then reinserted. The animals were euthanized 24 weeks after tendon reconstruction. The sections of middle part of supraspinatus were stained for adenosine triphosphatase reaction, and morphometric measurements were taken of type I and II muscle fiber diameters. The contralateral shoulders served as controls.",
"The macroscopic inspection of the supraspinatus tendons revealed complete healing in all cases. No statistically significant differences were found between controls and operated-on shoulders for type I (P = .13) and type II (P = .55) muscle fibers."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adipose Tissue",
"Animals",
"Atrophy",
"Male",
"Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch",
"Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch",
"Rabbits",
"Rotator Cuff",
"Tendon Injuries",
"Tomography, X-Ray Computed",
"Wound Healing"
]
} | Atrophy of type I and II muscle fibers in rabbit supraspinatus muscle, characterized by grade >2 fatty degeneration according to the Goutallier computed tomography classification, is reversible after 24 weeks from reattachment of its tendon. A requirement for type I and II muscle fibers hypertrophy is a change in the biomechanical and functional conditions of the muscle after its tendon is reconstructed. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is atrophy of type I and II muscle fibers reversible in the case of grade > 2 fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus muscle : an experimental study in rabbits?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Although clinical investigations indicate that the limit of reversibility of rotator cuff muscles fibers type I and II atrophy is grade 2 of fatty degeneration (FD) according to the Goutallier computed tomography classification, little is known about the morphometric verification of these findings.', 'The supraspinatus tendon was detached from the greater tubercle and the infraspinatus and subscapularis in 12 rabbits, and a 12-week observation period followed. This proved to be sufficient for development of grade >2 FD of the supraspinatus tendon. The tendon was then reinserted. The animals were euthanized 24 weeks after tendon reconstruction. The sections of middle part of supraspinatus were stained for adenosine triphosphatase reaction, and morphometric measurements were taken of type I and II muscle fiber diameters. The contralateral shoulders served as controls.', 'The macroscopic inspection of the supraspinatus tendons revealed complete healing in all cases. No statistically significant differences were found between controls and operated-on shoulders for type I (P = .13) and type II (P = .55) muscle fibers.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Atrophy', 'Male', 'Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch', 'Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch', 'Rabbits', 'Rotator Cuff', 'Tendon Injuries', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Wound Healing']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,525,840 | Does pax6 influence expression patterns of genes involved in neuro- degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"Pax6, a highly conserved multifunctional transcription factor, has been critical for neurogenesis and neuronal plasticity. It is presumed that if level of Pax6 approaches either low or null, critical genes responsible for maintaining functional status of neurons or glia would be modulated.",
"Therefore, it has been intended to explore possibility of either direct or indirect influence of Pax6 in neurodegeneration.",
"The cell lines having origin of murine embryonic fibroblast (Pax6-non expressing, NIH3T3-cell line), murine neuroblastoma (Pax6-expressing brain-derived, Neuro-2a-cell line), and human glioblastoma-astrocytoma (U87MG) were cultured and maintained in a CO2 incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2 in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The knockdown of endogenous Pax6 in Neuro-2a cells was achieved through siRNA based gene knock-down approach. The efficiency and validation of knock-down was done by real time PCR. The knock-down of Pax6 was successfully achieved.",
"The levels of expression of transcripts of some of the proposed putative markers of neurodegeneration like Pax6, S100β, GFAP, BDNF, NGN2, p73α, p73δ, LDH, SOD, and Catalase were analyzed in Pax6 knockdown condition for analysis of role of Pax6 in neurodegeneration. Since the Pax6 has been proposed to bind to promoter sequences of catalase, and catalase suppresses TGFβ, relative lower levels of catalase in Neuro-2a and U-87MG as compared to NIH-3T3 indicates a possible progressive dominant negative impact of Pax6. However, presence of SOD and LDH indicates alternative protective mechanism."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Presence of BDNF and TGFβ indicates association between them in glioblastoma-astrocytoma. Therefore, Pax6 seems to be involved directly with p53 and TGFβ mediated pathways and indirectly with redox-sensitive pathway regulation. The neurodegenerative markers S100β, GFAP, BDNF, NGN2, p73α, p73δ, observed downregulated in Pax6 knockdown condition suggest Pax6-mediated regulation of these markers. Observations enlighten Pax6-mediated influences on cascades of genes involved in growth, differentiation and maturation of neurons and glia. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does pax6 influence expression patterns of genes involved in neuro- degeneration?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Pax6, a highly conserved multifunctional transcription factor, has been critical for neurogenesis and neuronal plasticity. It is presumed that if level of Pax6 approaches either low or null, critical genes responsible for maintaining functional status of neurons or glia would be modulated.', 'Therefore, it has been intended to explore possibility of either direct or indirect influence of Pax6 in neurodegeneration.', 'The cell lines having origin of murine embryonic fibroblast (Pax6-non expressing, NIH3T3-cell line), murine neuroblastoma (Pax6-expressing brain-derived, Neuro-2a-cell line), and human glioblastoma-astrocytoma (U87MG) were cultured and maintained in a CO2 incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2 in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The knockdown of endogenous Pax6 in Neuro-2a cells was achieved through siRNA based gene knock-down approach. The efficiency and validation of knock-down was done by real time PCR. The knock-down of Pax6 was successfully achieved.', 'The levels of expression of transcripts of some of the proposed putative markers of neurodegeneration like Pax6, S100β, GFAP, BDNF, NGN2, p73α, p73δ, LDH, SOD, and Catalase were analyzed in Pax6 knockdown condition for analysis of role of Pax6 in neurodegeneration. Since the Pax6 has been proposed to bind to promoter sequences of catalase, and catalase suppresses TGFβ, relative lower levels of catalase in Neuro-2a and U-87MG as compared to NIH-3T3 indicates a possible progressive dominant negative impact of Pax6. However, presence of SOD and LDH indicates alternative protective mechanism.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,477 | Is androgen receptor status highly conserved during tumor progression of breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"With the advent of new and more efficient anti-androgen drugs targeting androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer (BC) is becoming an increasingly important area of investigation. This would potentially be most useful in triple negative BC (TNBC), where better therapies are still needed. The assessment of AR status is generally performed on the primary tumor even if the tumor has already metastasized. Very little is known regarding discrepancies of AR status during tumor progression. To determine the prevalence of AR positivity, with emphasis on TNBCs, and to investigate AR status during tumor progression, we evaluated a large series of primary BCs and matching metastases and recurrences.",
"AR status was performed on 356 primary BCs, 135 matching metastases, and 12 recurrences using a next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA). A commercially available AR antibody was used to determine AR-status by immunohistochemistry. AR positivity was defined as any nuclear staining in tumor cells ≥1 %. AR expression was correlated with pathological tumor features of the primary tumor. Additionally, the concordance rate of AR expression between the different tumor sites was determined.",
"AR status was positive in: 87 % (307/353) of primary tumors, 86.1 % (105/122) of metastases, and in 66.7 % (8/12) of recurrences. TNBC tested positive in 11.4 %, (4/35) of BCs. A discrepant result was seen in 4.3 % (5/117) of primary BC and matching lymph node (LN) metastases. Three AR negative primary BCs were positive in the matching LN metastasis, representing 17.6 % of all negative BCs with lymph node metastases (3/17). Two AR positive primary BCs were negative in the matching LN metastasis, representing 2.0 % of all AR positive BCs with LN metastases (2/100). No discrepancies were seen between primary BC and distant metastases or recurrence (n = 17)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Androgens",
"Biomarkers, Tumor",
"Disease Progression",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Lymphatic Metastasis",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoplasm Recurrence, Local",
"Prognosis",
"Receptors, Androgen",
"Tissue Array Analysis",
"Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms"
]
} | Most primary (87 %) and metastasized (86.1 %) BCs are AR positive including a significant fraction of TNBCs (11.4 %). Further, AR status is highly conserved during tumor progression and a change only occurs in a small fraction (4.1 %). Our study supports the notion that targeting AR could be effective for many BC patients and that re-testing of AR status in formerly negative or mixed type BC's is recommended. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is androgen receptor status highly conserved during tumor progression of breast cancer?\nContext: {'contexts': ['With the advent of new and more efficient anti-androgen drugs targeting androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer (BC) is becoming an increasingly important area of investigation. This would potentially be most useful in triple negative BC (TNBC), where better therapies are still needed. The assessment of AR status is generally performed on the primary tumor even if the tumor has already metastasized. Very little is known regarding discrepancies of AR status during tumor progression. To determine the prevalence of AR positivity, with emphasis on TNBCs, and to investigate AR status during tumor progression, we evaluated a large series of primary BCs and matching metastases and recurrences.', 'AR status was performed on 356 primary BCs, 135 matching metastases, and 12 recurrences using a next-generation Tissue Microarray (ngTMA). A commercially available AR antibody was used to determine AR-status by immunohistochemistry. AR positivity was defined as any nuclear staining in tumor cells ≥1 %. AR expression was correlated with pathological tumor features of the primary tumor. Additionally, the concordance rate of AR expression between the different tumor sites was determined.', 'AR status was positive in: 87 % (307/353) of primary tumors, 86.1 % (105/122) of metastases, and in 66.7 % (8/12) of recurrences. TNBC tested positive in 11.4 %, (4/35) of BCs. A discrepant result was seen in 4.3 % (5/117) of primary BC and matching lymph node (LN) metastases. Three AR negative primary BCs were positive in the matching LN metastasis, representing 17.6 % of all negative BCs with lymph node metastases (3/17). Two AR positive primary BCs were negative in the matching LN metastasis, representing 2.0 % of all AR positive BCs with LN metastases (2/100). No discrepancies were seen between primary BC and distant metastases or recurrence (n\\u2009=\\u200917).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Androgens', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Prognosis', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Tissue Array Analysis', 'Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,555,125 | Do delays in Referral and Enrolment Are Associated With Mitigated Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recommended after coronary artery bypass graft surgery; however, the consequences of longer wait times to start CR have not been elucidated.",
"Cardiopulmonary, demographic, and anthropometric assessments were conducted before and after 6 months of CR in consecutively enrolled patients from January 1995 to October 2012. Wait times were ascertained from referral forms and charts. Neighborhood characteristics were ascertained using census data and cross-referencing with patients' home geographic location. Among 6497 post- coronary artery bypass graft participants, mean and median total wait time (time from surgery to first exercise session) was 101.1±47.9 and 80 days, respectively. In multiple linear regression, correlates of longer total wait time and the 2 wait-time phases, time from surgery to CR referral and time from CR referral to first exercise session, were determined. Factors influencing longer wait times included female sex, greater age, being employed, less social support, longer drive time to CR, lower neighborhood socioeconomic status, higher systolic blood pressure, abdominal obesity, and a complex medical history. After adjusting for correlates of delayed entry, longer wait time for each of the total and 2 wait-time phases was significantly associated with less improvement in cardiopulmonary fitness (VO2peak; β=-0.165, P<0.001), body fat percentage (β=0.032, P<0.02), resting heart rate (β=0.066, P<0.001), and poorer attendance to CR classes (β=-0.081, P<0.001) and completion rate (β=2.741, P<0.001)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Age Factors",
"Aged",
"Coronary Artery Bypass",
"Coronary Artery Disease",
"Databases, Factual",
"Exercise Therapy",
"Female",
"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice",
"Humans",
"Linear Models",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Multivariate Analysis",
"Patient Acceptance of Health Care",
"Recovery of Function",
"Referral and Consultation",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Risk Assessment",
"Risk Factors",
"Sex Factors",
"Socioeconomic Factors",
"Time Factors",
"Time-to-Treatment",
"Treatment Outcome",
"Waiting Lists"
]
} | Strategies for timely access to CR at each phase of the process are important given the negative impact that wait time has on key clinical outcomes. This is relevant because optimizing VO2peak and attendance to CR has been shown to confer a mortality advantage. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do delays in Referral and Enrolment Are Associated With Mitigated Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recommended after coronary artery bypass graft surgery; however, the consequences of longer wait times to start CR have not been elucidated.', \"Cardiopulmonary, demographic, and anthropometric assessments were conducted before and after 6 months of CR in consecutively enrolled patients from January 1995 to October 2012. Wait times were ascertained from referral forms and charts. Neighborhood characteristics were ascertained using census data and cross-referencing with patients' home geographic location. Among 6497 post- coronary artery bypass graft participants, mean and median total wait time (time from surgery to first exercise session) was 101.1±47.9 and 80 days, respectively. In multiple linear regression, correlates of longer total wait time and the 2 wait-time phases, time from surgery to CR referral and time from CR referral to first exercise session, were determined. Factors influencing longer wait times included female sex, greater age, being employed, less social support, longer drive time to CR, lower neighborhood socioeconomic status, higher systolic blood pressure, abdominal obesity, and a complex medical history. After adjusting for correlates of delayed entry, longer wait time for each of the total and 2 wait-time phases was significantly associated with less improvement in cardiopulmonary fitness (VO2peak; β=-0.165, P<0.001), body fat percentage (β=0.032, P<0.02), resting heart rate (β=0.066, P<0.001), and poorer attendance to CR classes (β=-0.081, P<0.001) and completion rate (β=2.741, P<0.001).\"], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Databases, Factual', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Recovery of Function', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Time-to-Treatment', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Waiting Lists']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,536,980 | Are neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predictors of Heart Failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are inflammatory markers used as prognostic factors in various diseases. The aims of this study were to compare the PLR and the NLR of heart failure (HF) patients with those of age-sex matched controls, to evaluate the predictive value of those markers in detecting HF, and to demonstrate the effect of NLR and PLR on mortality in HF patients during follow-up.",
"This study included 56 HF patients and 40 controls without HF. All subjects underwent transthoracic echocardiography to evaluate cardiac functions. The NLR and the PLR were calculated as the ratio of neutrophil count to lymphocyte count and as the ratio of platelet count to lymphocyte count, respectively. All HF patients were followed after their discharge from the hospital to evaluate mortality, cerebrovascular events, and re-hospitalization.",
"The NLR and the PLR of HF patients were significantly higher compared to those of the controls (p < 0.01). There was an inverse correlation between the NLR and the left ventricular ejection fraction of the study population (r: -0.409, p < 0.001). The best cut-off value of NLR to predict HF was 3.0, with 86.3% sensitivity and 77.5% specificity, and the best cut-off value of PLR to predict HF was 137.3, with 70% sensitivity and 60% specificity. Only NLR was an independent predictor of mortality in HF patients. A cut-off value of 5.1 for NLR can predict death in HF patients with 75% sensitivity and 62% specificity during a 12.8-month follow-up period on average."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Age Factors",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Biomarkers",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Echocardiography",
"Female",
"Heart Failure",
"Humans",
"Lymphocyte Count",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neutrophils",
"Platelet Count",
"Prognosis",
"Reference Values",
"Risk Factors",
"Sensitivity and Specificity",
"Sex Factors",
"Statistics, Nonparametric",
"Stroke Volume"
]
} | NLR and PLR were higher in HF patients than in age-sex matched controls. However, NLR and PLR were not sufficient to establish a diagnosis of HF. NLR can be used to predict mortality during the follow-up of HF patients. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predictors of Heart Failure?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are inflammatory markers used as prognostic factors in various diseases. The aims of this study were to compare the PLR and the NLR of heart failure (HF) patients with those of age-sex matched controls, to evaluate the predictive value of those markers in detecting HF, and to demonstrate the effect of NLR and PLR on mortality in HF patients during follow-up.', 'This study included 56 HF patients and 40 controls without HF. All subjects underwent transthoracic echocardiography to evaluate cardiac functions. The NLR and the PLR were calculated as the ratio of neutrophil count to lymphocyte count and as the ratio of platelet count to lymphocyte count, respectively. All HF patients were followed after their discharge from the hospital to evaluate mortality, cerebrovascular events, and re-hospitalization.', 'The NLR and the PLR of HF patients were significantly higher compared to those of the controls (p < 0.01). There was an inverse correlation between the NLR and the left ventricular ejection fraction of the study population (r: -0.409, p < 0.001). The best cut-off value of NLR to predict HF was 3.0, with 86.3% sensitivity and 77.5% specificity, and the best cut-off value of PLR to predict HF was 137.3, with 70% sensitivity and 60% specificity. Only NLR was an independent predictor of mortality in HF patients. A cut-off value of 5.1 for NLR can predict death in HF patients with 75% sensitivity and 62% specificity during a 12.8-month follow-up period on average.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Lymphocyte Count', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutrophils', 'Platelet Count', 'Prognosis', 'Reference Values', 'Risk Factors', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sex Factors', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Stroke Volume']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,539,028 | Are tIMP1 , TIMP2 , and TIMP4 increased in aqueous humor from primary open angle glaucoma patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only known modifiable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and it can be caused by reduced aqueous humor outflow from the anterior chamber. Outflow is predominantly regulated by the trabecular meshwork, consisting of specialized cells within a complex extracellular matrix (ECM). An imbalance between ECM-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) within the trabecular meshwork is thought to contribute to POAG. This study aimed to quantify levels of TIMPs and MMPs in aqueous humor samples from glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous eyes, analyze MMP/TIMP ratios, and correlate results with age, IOP, and Humphrey's visual field pattern standard deviation (PSD).",
"Aqueous humor samples were collected from 26 non-glaucomatous control subjects before cataract surgery and 23 POAG patients undergoing trabeculectomy or cataract surgery. Analyte concentrations were measured using multiplexed immunoassays. Statistical significance was assessed with Mann-Whitney U tests, and Spearman's method was used to assess correlations with age, IOP, and PSD.",
"Concentrations of TIMP1 (p = 0.0008), TIMP2 (p = 0.002), TIMP4 (p = 0.002), and MMP2 (p = 0.020) were significantly increased in aqueous humor samples from POAG versus cataract samples. For the majority of MMP/TIMP molar ratios calculated for the cataract group, TIMPs outweighed MMPs. In POAG, molar ratios of MMP2/TIMP1 (p = 0.007) and MMP9/TIMP1 (p = 0.005) showed a significant decrease, corresponding to an elevated excess of TIMPs over MMPs in POAG compared to cataract samples. Conversely, MMP2/TIMP3 (p = 0.045) and MMP3/TIMP3 (p = 0.032) molar ratios increased. Several MMP/TIMP molar ratios correlated with IOP (r = 0.476-0.609, p = 0.007-0.034) and PSD (r = -0.482 to -0.655, p = 0.005-0.046) in POAG samples and with age in cataract control samples."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Age Factors",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Aqueous Humor",
"Cataract",
"Cataract Extraction",
"Extracellular Matrix",
"Female",
"Gene Expression Regulation",
"Glaucoma, Open-Angle",
"Humans",
"Intraocular Pressure",
"Male",
"Matrix Metalloproteinase 2",
"Matrix Metalloproteinase 9",
"Middle Aged",
"Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1",
"Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2",
"Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases",
"Trabecular Meshwork",
"Trabeculectomy",
"Treatment Outcome"
]
} | An imbalance among MMPs and TIMPs was found in glaucomatous aqueous humor samples, with a shift toward raised TIMP levels. This may result in the inhibition of MMP activity, leading to an altered ECM composition in the TM and thereby contributing to increased outflow resistance. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are tIMP1 , TIMP2 , and TIMP4 increased in aqueous humor from primary open angle glaucoma patients?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only known modifiable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and it can be caused by reduced aqueous humor outflow from the anterior chamber. Outflow is predominantly regulated by the trabecular meshwork, consisting of specialized cells within a complex extracellular matrix (ECM). An imbalance between ECM-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) within the trabecular meshwork is thought to contribute to POAG. This study aimed to quantify levels of TIMPs and MMPs in aqueous humor samples from glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous eyes, analyze MMP/TIMP ratios, and correlate results with age, IOP, and Humphrey's visual field pattern standard deviation (PSD).\", \"Aqueous humor samples were collected from 26 non-glaucomatous control subjects before cataract surgery and 23 POAG patients undergoing trabeculectomy or cataract surgery. Analyte concentrations were measured using multiplexed immunoassays. Statistical significance was assessed with Mann-Whitney U tests, and Spearman's method was used to assess correlations with age, IOP, and PSD.\", 'Concentrations of TIMP1 (p = 0.0008), TIMP2 (p = 0.002), TIMP4 (p = 0.002), and MMP2 (p = 0.020) were significantly increased in aqueous humor samples from POAG versus cataract samples. For the majority of MMP/TIMP molar ratios calculated for the cataract group, TIMPs outweighed MMPs. In POAG, molar ratios of MMP2/TIMP1 (p = 0.007) and MMP9/TIMP1 (p = 0.005) showed a significant decrease, corresponding to an elevated excess of TIMPs over MMPs in POAG compared to cataract samples. Conversely, MMP2/TIMP3 (p = 0.045) and MMP3/TIMP3 (p = 0.032) molar ratios increased. Several MMP/TIMP molar ratios correlated with IOP (r = 0.476-0.609, p = 0.007-0.034) and PSD (r = -0.482 to -0.655, p = 0.005-0.046) in POAG samples and with age in cataract control samples.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aqueous Humor', 'Cataract', 'Cataract Extraction', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Glaucoma, Open-Angle', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Middle Aged', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases', 'Trabecular Meshwork', 'Trabeculectomy', 'Treatment Outcome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,539,026 | Does kCC2 expression supersede NKCC1 in mature fiber cells in mouse and rabbit lenses? | {
"contexts": [
"Na-K-Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) and K-Cl cotransporter 2 (KCC2) have fundamental roles in neuron differentiation that are integrated with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate receptors, GABA synthesized by GAD25/65/67 encoded by GAD1/GAD2 genes, and GABA transporters (GATs). Cells in the eye lens express at least 13 GABA receptor subunits, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, GAD1/GAD2, GAT1-4 and vGAT, and NKCC1. NKCC1:KCC2 ratios determine the switch in GABA actions from trophic/growth promoting early in development to their classic inhibitory roles in adult neurons. Lens epithelial cells cover the anterior surface and differentiate to elongated fiber cells in the lens interior with comparable morphology and sub-cellular structures as neurons. NKCC1 is expressed before KCC2 in neuron development and increases cell chloride, which stimulates differentiation and process formation. Subsequently, KCC2 increases and extrudes cell chloride linked with maturation. KCC2 has an additional structural moonlighting role interacting with F-actin scaffolding in dendritic spine morphogenesis. We examined KCC2 versus NKCC1 spatial expression in relation to fiber cell developmental status within the lens.",
"Immunofluorescence and immunoblots were used to detect expression in mouse and rabbit lenses.",
"NKCC1 was restricted to peripheral elongating lens fiber cells in young adult mouse and rabbit lenses. Lens KCC2 expression included the major KCC2b neuronal isoform and was detected in interior fiber cells with decreased NKCC1 expression and localized at the membranes. Lens expression of RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) regulated KCC2 is consistent with GAD1 and GAD2, several GABA and glutamate receptor subunits, miR-124, and other REST-regulated genes expressed in lenses."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Cell Differentiation",
"Cell Lineage",
"Epithelial Cells",
"Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental",
"Glutamate Decarboxylase",
"Lens, Crystalline",
"Mice",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"MicroRNAs",
"Neurons",
"Rabbits",
"Receptors, AMPA",
"Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate",
"Repressor Proteins",
"Signal Transduction",
"Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 2",
"Symporters",
"gamma-Aminobutyric Acid"
]
} | NKCC1 in peripheral elongating fiber cells is superseded by KCC2 expression in interior mature fiber cells that also express >20 additional integral GABA biology genes, AMPA/NMDA glutamate receptors, and an array of accessory proteins that together underlie morphogenesis in neurons. The present findings provide further evidence that this fundamental neuronal regulation is extensively conserved in lens and identify additional parallels in the morphogenetic programs that underlie lens fiber cell and neuronal differentiation and contribute to the development of visual acuity. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does kCC2 expression supersede NKCC1 in mature fiber cells in mouse and rabbit lenses?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Na-K-Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) and K-Cl cotransporter 2 (KCC2) have fundamental roles in neuron differentiation that are integrated with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate receptors, GABA synthesized by GAD25/65/67 encoded by GAD1/GAD2 genes, and GABA transporters (GATs). Cells in the eye lens express at least 13 GABA receptor subunits, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, GAD1/GAD2, GAT1-4 and vGAT, and NKCC1. NKCC1:KCC2 ratios determine the switch in GABA actions from trophic/growth promoting early in development to their classic inhibitory roles in adult neurons. Lens epithelial cells cover the anterior surface and differentiate to elongated fiber cells in the lens interior with comparable morphology and sub-cellular structures as neurons. NKCC1 is expressed before KCC2 in neuron development and increases cell chloride, which stimulates differentiation and process formation. Subsequently, KCC2 increases and extrudes cell chloride linked with maturation. KCC2 has an additional structural moonlighting role interacting with F-actin scaffolding in dendritic spine morphogenesis. We examined KCC2 versus NKCC1 spatial expression in relation to fiber cell developmental status within the lens.', 'Immunofluorescence and immunoblots were used to detect expression in mouse and rabbit lenses.', 'NKCC1 was restricted to peripheral elongating lens fiber cells in young adult mouse and rabbit lenses. Lens KCC2 expression included the major KCC2b neuronal isoform and was detected in interior fiber cells with decreased NKCC1 expression and localized at the membranes. Lens expression of RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) regulated KCC2 is consistent with GAD1 and GAD2, several GABA and glutamate receptor subunits, miR-124, and other REST-regulated genes expressed in lenses.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Lineage', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Glutamate Decarboxylase', 'Lens, Crystalline', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'MicroRNAs', 'Neurons', 'Rabbits', 'Receptors, AMPA', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 2', 'Symporters', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,528,903 | Are hCV viral load at baseline and at week 4 of telaprevir/boceprevir based triple therapies associated with virological outcome in HIV/hepatitis C co-infected patients? | {
"contexts": [
"As first generation HCV-specific protease inhibitors, boceprevir (BOC) or telaprevir (TVR) can achieve 60% to 70% sustained virological response (SVR) for HCV infected patients with genotype 1 infections, they could remain temporary a therapeutic option in patients living in resources limited countries with limited access to the new anti-HCV direct acting antiviral (DAA) drugs, such as sofosbuvir.",
"Here we evaluated in a routine practice setting, the treatment responses, tolerance and factors associated with SVR of a triple therapy with BOC or TVR, combined with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) in HIV/HCV co-infected patients, included in a large cohort of HIV/HCV coinfected patients (ANRS CO13-HEPAVIH).",
"Among the 89 HIV/HCV coinfected patients treated, 65% of whom were previous non-responders to PegIFN/RBV therapy, 65%, 55% and 41% had at baseline genotype 1a, a high baseline HCV-RNA (≥800,000 IU/ml) and a cirrhosis, respectively. The SVR12 rate was 63% overall, 53% for BOC-based regimen and 66% for TVR-based regimen. In multivariate analysis, two factors were significantly associated with HCV SVR: HCV viral load <800,000 IU/mL at treatment initiation versus ≥800,000 IU/mL (OR 4.403, 95% CI 1.29-15.04; p=0.018) and virological response at W4 (HCV-RNA undetectable after 4 weeks of triple therapy) (OR 3.35, 95% CI 1.07-10.48; p=0.038)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Antiviral Agents",
"Coinfection",
"Female",
"HIV Infections",
"Hepacivirus",
"Hepatitis C",
"Humans",
"Interferons",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Oligopeptides",
"Proline",
"Ribavirin",
"Treatment Outcome",
"Viral Load"
]
} | Overall SVR12 was 63% and our results suggest that HIV/HCV coinfected patients with low HCV viral load (<800,000 IU/mL) and undetectable HCV-RNA after 4 weeks of triple therapy with TVR or BOC-based regimen have a higher probability of treatment success. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are hCV viral load at baseline and at week 4 of telaprevir/boceprevir based triple therapies associated with virological outcome in HIV/hepatitis C co-infected patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['As first generation HCV-specific protease inhibitors, boceprevir (BOC) or telaprevir (TVR) can achieve 60% to 70% sustained virological response (SVR) for HCV infected patients with genotype 1 infections, they could remain temporary a therapeutic option in patients living in resources limited countries with limited access to the new anti-HCV direct acting antiviral (DAA) drugs, such as sofosbuvir.', 'Here we evaluated in a routine practice setting, the treatment responses, tolerance and factors associated with SVR of a triple therapy with BOC or TVR, combined with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) in HIV/HCV co-infected patients, included in a large cohort of HIV/HCV coinfected patients (ANRS CO13-HEPAVIH).', 'Among the 89 HIV/HCV coinfected patients treated, 65% of whom were previous non-responders to PegIFN/RBV therapy, 65%, 55% and 41% had at baseline genotype 1a, a high baseline HCV-RNA (≥800,000 IU/ml) and a cirrhosis, respectively. The SVR12 rate was 63% overall, 53% for BOC-based regimen and 66% for TVR-based regimen. In multivariate analysis, two factors were significantly associated with HCV SVR: HCV viral load <800,000 IU/mL at treatment initiation versus ≥800,000 IU/mL (OR 4.403, 95% CI 1.29-15.04; p=0.018) and virological response at W4 (HCV-RNA undetectable after 4 weeks of triple therapy) (OR 3.35, 95% CI 1.07-10.48; p=0.038).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Antiviral Agents', 'Coinfection', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Interferons', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oligopeptides', 'Proline', 'Ribavirin', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Viral Load']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,537,826 | Are the natural fenhexamid-resistant grey mould populations from strawberry in Zhejiang Province dominated by Botrytis cinerea group S? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, a novel clade Botrytis cinerea group S was found to be common in B. cinerea populations from Germany and New Zealand. Fenhexamid, an effective antibotrytis fungicide, has not been registered in China, but our preliminary study detected fenhexamid-resistant (HydR) isolates from strawberry in Zhejiang Province.",
"Genetic identification of 639 B. cinerea isolates from strawberry found that 331 (62.9%) belonged to B. cinerea group S. The frequency of HydR isolates ranged from 0 to 37.5% among the nine locations. Of the 74 HydR isolates, 71 were B. cinerea group S and moderately resistant to fenhexamid (HydR). Seven new mutations S9G, P57A, P269L, V365A, E368D, E375K and A378T in the target gene erg27 were reported for the first time. Sixty-two (83.8%) HydR isolates simultaneously carried P57A and A378T mutations, and further transformation assays showed that integration of one copy of erg27(P57A) (,) (A378T) into a wild-type strain led to partial resistance. Detached fruit studies showed that fenhexamid at the recommended field rate could control the disease incited by moderately resistant isolates but not by highly resistant isolates."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Amides",
"Botrytis",
"China",
"Drug Resistance, Fungal",
"Fragaria",
"Fruit",
"Fungicides, Industrial",
"Plant Diseases",
"Point Mutation"
]
} | B. cinerea group S isolates are widespread in all strawberry-growing locations in Zhejiang Province. The natural HydR populations from strawberry are dominated by B. cinerea group S. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are the natural fenhexamid-resistant grey mould populations from strawberry in Zhejiang Province dominated by Botrytis cinerea group S?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Recently, a novel clade Botrytis cinerea group S was found to be common in B. cinerea populations from Germany and New Zealand. Fenhexamid, an effective antibotrytis fungicide, has not been registered in China, but our preliminary study detected fenhexamid-resistant (HydR) isolates from strawberry in Zhejiang Province.', 'Genetic identification of 639 B. cinerea isolates from strawberry found that 331 (62.9%) belonged to B. cinerea group S. The frequency of HydR isolates ranged from 0 to 37.5% among the nine locations. Of the 74 HydR isolates, 71 were B. cinerea group S and moderately resistant to fenhexamid (HydR). Seven new mutations S9G, P57A, P269L, V365A, E368D, E375K and A378T in the target gene erg27 were reported for the first time. Sixty-two (83.8%) HydR isolates simultaneously carried P57A and A378T mutations, and further transformation assays showed that integration of one copy of erg27(P57A) (,) (A378T) into a wild-type strain led to partial resistance. Detached fruit studies showed that fenhexamid at the recommended field rate could control the disease incited by moderately resistant isolates but not by highly resistant isolates.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Amides', 'Botrytis', 'China', 'Drug Resistance, Fungal', 'Fragaria', 'Fruit', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Plant Diseases', 'Point Mutation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,549,381 | Is a 7666-bp genomic deletion frequent in Chinese Han deaf patients with non-syndromic enlarged vestibular aqueduct but without bi-allelic SLC26A4 mutations? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the genetic cause of the patients with non-syndromic enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) but without bi-allelic SLC26A4 mutations.",
"Presence of a homozygous genomic deletion was detected in a Chinese Han deaf patient (D1467-1) who failed to amplify the first three exons of SLC26A4. The breakpoints of the deletion were fine-mapped and revealed by PCR amplification and sequencing. This deletion was subsequently screened in 22 Chinese Han EVA probands with mono-allelic SLC26A4 mutations. The possible founder effect of the newly identified genomic deletion was evaluated by haplotype analysis.",
"A homozygous c.-2071_307+3801del7666 deletion of SLC26A4 was identified in patient D1467-1. This novel genomic deletion was subsequently identified in 18% (4/22) of the Chinese Han EVA probands with mono-allelic SLC26A4 mutations. Haplotype analysis showed that this genomic deletion is likely a founder mutation in Chinese Hans."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"China",
"Consanguinity",
"Deafness",
"Ethnic Groups",
"Female",
"Hearing Loss, Sensorineural",
"Humans",
"Membrane Transport Proteins",
"Mutation",
"Sequence Deletion",
"Sulfate Transporters",
"Vestibular Aqueduct"
]
} | Our results suggested that the cryptic c.-2071_307+3801del7666 deletion of SLC26A4 is relatively frequent in Chinese Han non-syndromic EVA patients without bi-allelic SLC26A4 mutations. Screening of this genomic deletion should be incorporated into the routine DNA testing of SLC26A4 in Chinese Hans. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is a 7666-bp genomic deletion frequent in Chinese Han deaf patients with non-syndromic enlarged vestibular aqueduct but without bi-allelic SLC26A4 mutations?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To investigate the genetic cause of the patients with non-syndromic enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) but without bi-allelic SLC26A4 mutations.', 'Presence of a homozygous genomic deletion was detected in a Chinese Han deaf patient (D1467-1) who failed to amplify the first three exons of SLC26A4. The breakpoints of the deletion were fine-mapped and revealed by PCR amplification and sequencing. This deletion was subsequently screened in 22 Chinese Han EVA probands with mono-allelic SLC26A4 mutations. The possible founder effect of the newly identified genomic deletion was evaluated by haplotype analysis.', 'A homozygous c.-2071_307+3801del7666 deletion of SLC26A4 was identified in patient D1467-1. This novel genomic deletion was subsequently identified in 18% (4/22) of the Chinese Han EVA probands with mono-allelic SLC26A4 mutations. Haplotype analysis showed that this genomic deletion is likely a founder mutation in Chinese Hans.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'China', 'Consanguinity', 'Deafness', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Sulfate Transporters', 'Vestibular Aqueduct']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,544,906 | Is cognitive and language performance in children associated with maternal social anxiety disorder : A study of young mothers in southern Brazil? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been shown that maternal mental health is associated with poorer skills development in the offspring. However, the evidence evaluating the association between social anxiety disorder (SAD) and cognitive or language development, is scarce.",
"To evaluate the association between maternal SAD and performance in cognitive and language tests in 30-month old children.",
"This was a cohort study involving young women evaluated since pregnancy.",
"We evaluated 520 mother-child dyads who received prenatal medical assistance through the National Public Health System in a southern Brazilian city, from October 2009 to March 2011.",
"We used the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus (MINI Plus) to assess SAD among young mothers. Cognitive and language performance in their offspring was analyzed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - 3rd Edition.",
"We found an association between maternal SAD and performance in cognitive and language tests. Children of mothers with SAD had in average 4.5 less points in the Bayley scale, when compared to those with mothers without SAD: in the cognitive (β=-4.53 [95% CI -7.8; -1.1] p=0.008) and language subscales (β=-4.54 [95% CI -9.0; -0.5] p=0.047)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Brazil",
"Child Development",
"Child of Impaired Parents",
"Child, Preschool",
"Cognition",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Language",
"Language Development",
"Mothers",
"Neuropsychological Tests",
"Phobic Disorders",
"Pregnancy",
"Young Adult"
]
} | Our findings suggest that children with mothers suffering from SAD have poorer cognitive abilities and language skills. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is cognitive and language performance in children associated with maternal social anxiety disorder : A study of young mothers in southern Brazil?\nContext: {'contexts': ['It has been shown that maternal mental health is associated with poorer skills development in the offspring. However, the evidence evaluating the association between social anxiety disorder (SAD) and cognitive or language development, is scarce.', 'To evaluate the association between maternal SAD and performance in cognitive and language tests in 30-month old children.', 'This was a cohort study involving young women evaluated since pregnancy.', 'We evaluated 520 mother-child dyads who received prenatal medical assistance through the National Public Health System in a southern Brazilian city, from October 2009 to March 2011.', 'We used the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus (MINI Plus) to assess SAD among young mothers. Cognitive and language performance in their offspring was analyzed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - 3rd Edition.', 'We found an association between maternal SAD and performance in cognitive and language tests. Children of mothers with SAD had in average 4.5 less points in the Bayley scale, when compared to those with mothers without SAD: in the cognitive (β=-4.53 [95% CI -7.8; -1.1] p=0.008) and language subscales (β=-4.54 [95% CI -9.0; -0.5] p=0.047).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Brazil', 'Child Development', 'Child of Impaired Parents', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Language Development', 'Mothers', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Phobic Disorders', 'Pregnancy', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,534,905 | Are polymorphisms of dopamine pathway genes NRG1 and LMX1A associated with cognitive performance in bipolar disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"LIM homeobox transcription factor 1, alpha (LMX1A) and neuregulin 1 (NRG1) are susceptibility genes for schizophrenia that have been implicated in the dopaminergic pathway and have been associated with altered cognitive functioning. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LMX1A and NRG1 would be associated with cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder.",
"In total, four SNPs were directly genotyped. Regression models with five aggregated cognitive domains and intelligence quotient (IQ) score were run using risk variants of LMX1A (rs11809911, rs4657412, rs6668493) and NRG1 (rs35753505) as predictors. Models were performed in a clinical sample of patients with bipolar disorder (n = 114) and healthy controls (n = 104).",
"The risk variants of the rs11809911 SNP in LMX1A were negatively associated with IQ score and memory/learning, whereas the risk variants of rs35753505 in NRG1 were positively associated with IQ score (adjusted R(2) = 0.17, Q = 0.006) and memory/learning (adjusted R(2) = 0.24, Q = 0.001). The risk variants of the rs35753505 SNP in NRG1 were positively associated with language (adjusted R(2) = 0.11, Q = 0.006), visuospatial functions (adjusted R(2) = 0.23, Q = 0.001), and attention/speed (adjusted R(2) = 0.25, Q = 0.001). Results could not be replicated in controls."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Attention",
"Bipolar Disorder",
"Cognition",
"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders",
"Dopamine",
"Female",
"Genetic Predisposition to Disease",
"Humans",
"Intelligence Tests",
"LIM-Homeodomain Proteins",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neuregulin-1",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide",
"Risk",
"Transcription Factors"
]
} | The risk variants of the rs35753505 SNP were associated with increased performance in several cognitive domains and IQ, whereas the risk variants of the rs11809911 SNP in LMX1A was associated with reduced IQ and memory/learning. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are polymorphisms of dopamine pathway genes NRG1 and LMX1A associated with cognitive performance in bipolar disorder?\nContext: {'contexts': ['LIM homeobox transcription factor 1, alpha (LMX1A) and neuregulin 1 (NRG1) are susceptibility genes for schizophrenia that have been implicated in the dopaminergic pathway and have been associated with altered cognitive functioning. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LMX1A and NRG1 would be associated with cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder.', 'In total, four SNPs were directly genotyped. Regression models with five aggregated cognitive domains and intelligence quotient (IQ) score were run using risk variants of LMX1A (rs11809911, rs4657412, rs6668493) and NRG1 (rs35753505) as predictors. Models were performed in a clinical sample of patients with bipolar disorder (n = 114) and healthy controls (n = 104).', 'The risk variants of the rs11809911 SNP in LMX1A were negatively associated with IQ score and memory/learning, whereas the risk variants of rs35753505 in NRG1 were positively associated with IQ score (adjusted R(2) = 0.17, Q = 0.006) and memory/learning (adjusted R(2) = 0.24, Q = 0.001). The risk variants of the rs35753505 SNP in NRG1 were positively associated with language (adjusted R(2) = 0.11, Q = 0.006), visuospatial functions (adjusted R(2) = 0.23, Q = 0.001), and attention/speed (adjusted R(2) = 0.25, Q = 0.001). Results could not be replicated in controls.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Attention', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Cognition', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Dopamine', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Intelligence Tests', 'LIM-Homeodomain Proteins', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuregulin-1', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk', 'Transcription Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,525,894 | Does comparison of Xenorhabdus bovienii bacterial strain genomes reveal diversity in symbiotic functions? | {
"contexts": [
"Xenorhabdus bacteria engage in a beneficial symbiosis with Steinernema nematodes, in part by providing activities that help kill and degrade insect hosts for nutrition. Xenorhabdus strains (members of a single species) can display wide variation in host-interaction phenotypes and genetic potential indicating that strains may differ in their encoded symbiosis factors, including secreted metabolites.",
"To discern strain-level variation among symbiosis factors, and facilitate the identification of novel compounds, we performed a comparative analysis of the genomes of 10 Xenorhabdus bovienii bacterial strains.",
"The analyzed X. bovienii draft genomes are broadly similar in structure (e.g. size, GC content, number of coding sequences). Genome content analysis revealed that general classes of putative host-microbe interaction functions, such as secretion systems and toxin classes, were identified in all bacterial strains. In contrast, we observed diversity of individual genes within families (e.g. non-ribosomal peptide synthetase clusters and insecticidal toxin components), indicating the specific molecules secreted by each strain can vary. Additionally, phenotypic analysis indicates that regulation of activities (e.g. enzymes and motility) differs among strains."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Genetic Variation",
"Genome, Bacterial",
"Symbiosis",
"Xenorhabdus"
]
} | The analyses presented here demonstrate that while general mechanisms by which X. bovienii bacterial strains interact with their invertebrate hosts are similar, the specific molecules mediating these interactions differ. Our data support that adaptation of individual bacterial strains to distinct hosts or niches has occurred. For example, diverse metabolic profiles among bacterial symbionts may have been selected by dissimilarities in nutritional requirements of their different nematode hosts. Similarly, factors involved in parasitism (e.g. immune suppression and microbial competition factors), likely differ based on evolution in response to naturally encountered organisms, such as insect hosts, competitors, predators or pathogens. This study provides insight into effectors of a symbiotic lifestyle, and also highlights that when mining Xenorhabdus species for novel natural products, including antibiotics and insecticidal toxins, analysis of multiple bacterial strains likely will increase the potential for the discovery of novel molecules. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does comparison of Xenorhabdus bovienii bacterial strain genomes reveal diversity in symbiotic functions?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Xenorhabdus bacteria engage in a beneficial symbiosis with Steinernema nematodes, in part by providing activities that help kill and degrade insect hosts for nutrition. Xenorhabdus strains (members of a single species) can display wide variation in host-interaction phenotypes and genetic potential indicating that strains may differ in their encoded symbiosis factors, including secreted metabolites.', 'To discern strain-level variation among symbiosis factors, and facilitate the identification of novel compounds, we performed a comparative analysis of the genomes of 10 Xenorhabdus bovienii bacterial strains.', 'The analyzed X. bovienii draft genomes are broadly similar in structure (e.g. size, GC content, number of coding sequences). Genome content analysis revealed that general classes of putative host-microbe interaction functions, such as secretion systems and toxin classes, were identified in all bacterial strains. In contrast, we observed diversity of individual genes within families (e.g. non-ribosomal peptide synthetase clusters and insecticidal toxin components), indicating the specific molecules secreted by each strain can vary. Additionally, phenotypic analysis indicates that regulation of activities (e.g. enzymes and motility) differs among strains.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Genetic Variation', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Symbiosis', 'Xenorhabdus']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,536,829 | Is the relationship between insomnia with short sleep duration associated with hypercholesterolemia : a cross-sectional study? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the association between insomnia with short sleep duration and hypercholesterolemia in Taiwanese adults.",
"Previous studies mostly focused on the association between sleep duration and hyperlipidemia, but the results were not consistent. Besides, very few studies extensively examined the association between insomnia and hypercholesterolemia. This study hypothesized that insomnia with short sleep duration is associated with hypercholesterolemia.",
"Secondary data analysis. This study analysed the latest database of the cross-sectional Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan which was released on 2011 (data collected between 2005-2008) and collected data using stratified three-staged probability sampling design.",
"This study analysed 1533 participants aged between 19-64 (733 males and 800 females) and used logistic regression model to calculate the odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval of insomnia with short sleep duration to hypercholesterolemia. Controlled confounders included age, gender, sample weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, hypertension and diabetes.",
"Insomnia with 5-6 hours of sleep duration was significantly associated with hypercholesterolemia. The odds ratio of mild insomnia or moderate/severe insomnia with 5-6 hours of sleep duration to hypercholesterolemia was higher, compared with the reference group (without insomnia and >6 hours of sleep duration)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Body Mass Index",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Hypercholesterolemia",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Odds Ratio",
"Risk Factors",
"Sleep Deprivation",
"Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders",
"Taiwan",
"Time Factors",
"Young Adult"
]
} | Insomnia with short sleep duration was associated with increased odds of hypercholesterolemia. Caregivers in clinical practice should watch out for the effect brought by this novel factor. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is the relationship between insomnia with short sleep duration associated with hypercholesterolemia : a cross-sectional study?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To examine the association between insomnia with short sleep duration and hypercholesterolemia in Taiwanese adults.', 'Previous studies mostly focused on the association between sleep duration and hyperlipidemia, but the results were not consistent. Besides, very few studies extensively examined the association between insomnia and hypercholesterolemia. This study hypothesized that insomnia with short sleep duration is associated with hypercholesterolemia.', 'Secondary data analysis. This study analysed the latest database of the cross-sectional Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan which was released on 2011 (data collected between 2005-2008) and collected data using stratified three-staged probability sampling design.', 'This study analysed 1533 participants aged between 19-64 (733 males and 800 females) and used logistic regression model to calculate the odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval of insomnia with short sleep duration to hypercholesterolemia. Controlled confounders included age, gender, sample weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, hypertension and diabetes.', 'Insomnia with 5-6\\xa0hours of sleep duration was significantly associated with hypercholesterolemia. The odds ratio of mild insomnia or moderate/severe insomnia with 5-6\\xa0hours of sleep duration to hypercholesterolemia was higher, compared with the reference group (without insomnia and >6\\xa0hours of sleep duration).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Risk Factors', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders', 'Taiwan', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,538,338 | Does radiographic Stage Correlate With Symptom Severity in Thumb Basilar Joint Osteoarthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"We hypothesize that thumb basilar joint osteoarthritis (TBJA) radiographic stage does not correlate with patient-reported measures of symptom severity.",
"Patients with unilateral TBJA who completed the 11-item QuickDASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand), Short-Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) Mental Component and SF-12 Physical Component surveys were prospectively enrolled in the study. The Eaton-Littler radiographic stage was assigned for each patient. The correlation between the radiographic score and disease stage was calculated.",
"Sixty-two patients (15 men, 47 women; average age, 62.3 years) formed the basis of this study. The average QuickDASH score (and standard deviation) for patients with stage 1 TBJA was 31.5 (11.4); for those with stage 2, it was 37.9 (17.4); with stage 3, it was 30.1 (13.0), and with stage 4, it was 39.4 (12.5). Eaton-Littler stage did not correlate significantly with QuickDASH scores (rho = -0.014, P = 0.91). Neither SF-12 Mental Component scores (MCS-12: rho = 0.019, P = 0.89) nor the SF-12 Physical Component scores (PCS-12: rho = 0.145, P = 0.26) correlated with TBJA stage."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Carpometacarpal Joints",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Osteoarthritis",
"Prospective Studies",
"Radiography",
"Severity of Illness Index",
"Surveys and Questionnaires",
"Symptom Assessment"
]
} | Radiographic severity in TBJA does not correlate with validated patient-reported symptom scores. Metrics that link radiographic and subjective components of TBJA may improve surgical decision making and monitoring of treatment response. | no | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does radiographic Stage Correlate With Symptom Severity in Thumb Basilar Joint Osteoarthritis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['We hypothesize that thumb basilar joint osteoarthritis (TBJA) radiographic stage does not correlate with patient-reported measures of symptom severity.', 'Patients with unilateral TBJA who completed the 11-item QuickDASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand), Short-Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) Mental Component and SF-12 Physical Component surveys were prospectively enrolled in the study. The Eaton-Littler radiographic stage was assigned for each patient. The correlation between the radiographic score and disease stage was calculated.', 'Sixty-two patients (15 men, 47 women; average age, 62.3 years) formed the basis of this study. The average QuickDASH score (and standard deviation) for patients with stage 1 TBJA was 31.5 (11.4); for those with stage 2, it was 37.9 (17.4); with stage 3, it was 30.1 (13.0), and with stage 4, it was 39.4 (12.5). Eaton-Littler stage did not correlate significantly with QuickDASH scores (rho = -0.014, P = 0.91). Neither SF-12 Mental Component scores (MCS-12: rho = 0.019, P = 0.89) nor the SF-12 Physical Component scores (PCS-12: rho = 0.145, P = 0.26) correlated with TBJA stage.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carpometacarpal Joints', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiography', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Symptom Assessment']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
]
|
26,525,139 | Is anal cushion lifting method a novel radical management strategy for hemorrhoids that does not involve excision or cause postoperative anal complications? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe the anal cushion lifting (ACL) method with preliminary clinical results.",
"Between January to September 2007, 127 patients who received ACL method for hemorrhoid was investigated with informed consent. In this study, three surgeons who specialized in anorectal surgery performed the procedures. Patients with grade two or more severe hemorrhoids according to Goligher's classification were considered to be indicated for surgery. The patients were given the choice to undergo either the ACL method or the ligation and excision method. ACL method is an original technique for managing hemorrhoids without excision. After dissecting the anal cushion from the internal sphincter muscle, the anal cushion was lifted to oral side and ligated at the proper position. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients were recorded including complications after surgery.",
"A total of 127 patients were enrolled. Their median age was 42 (19-84) years, and 74.8% were female. In addition, more than 99% of the patients had grade 3 or worse hemorrhoids. The median follow-up period was 26 (0-88) mo, and the median operative time was 15 (4-30) min. After surgery, analgesics were used for a median period of three days (0-21). Pain control was achieved using extra-oral analgesic drugs, although some patients required intravenous injections of analgesic drugs. The median duration of the patients' postoperative hospital stay was 7 (2-13) d. A total of 10 complications (7.9%) occurred. Bleeding was observed in one patient and was successfully controlled with manual compression. Urinary retention occurred in 6 patients, but it disappeared spontaneously in all cases. Recurrent hemorrhoids developed in 3 patients after 36, 47, and 61 mo, respectively. No anal stenosis or persistent anal pain occurred."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | We consider that the ACL method might be better than all other current methods for managing hemorrhoids. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is anal cushion lifting method a novel radical management strategy for hemorrhoids that does not involve excision or cause postoperative anal complications?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To describe the anal cushion lifting (ACL) method with preliminary clinical results.', \"Between January to September 2007, 127 patients who received ACL method for hemorrhoid was investigated with informed consent. In this study, three surgeons who specialized in anorectal surgery performed the procedures. Patients with grade two or more severe hemorrhoids according to Goligher's classification were considered to be indicated for surgery. The patients were given the choice to undergo either the ACL method or the ligation and excision method. ACL method is an original technique for managing hemorrhoids without excision. After dissecting the anal cushion from the internal sphincter muscle, the anal cushion was lifted to oral side and ligated at the proper position. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients were recorded including complications after surgery.\", \"A total of 127 patients were enrolled. Their median age was 42 (19-84) years, and 74.8% were female. In addition, more than 99% of the patients had grade 3 or worse hemorrhoids. The median follow-up period was 26 (0-88) mo, and the median operative time was 15 (4-30) min. After surgery, analgesics were used for a median period of three days (0-21). Pain control was achieved using extra-oral analgesic drugs, although some patients required intravenous injections of analgesic drugs. The median duration of the patients' postoperative hospital stay was 7 (2-13) d. A total of 10 complications (7.9%) occurred. Bleeding was observed in one patient and was successfully controlled with manual compression. Urinary retention occurred in 6 patients, but it disappeared spontaneously in all cases. Recurrent hemorrhoids developed in 3 patients after 36, 47, and 61 mo, respectively. No anal stenosis or persistent anal pain occurred.\"], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,538,107 | Do feelings of worthlessness during a single complicated major depressive episode predict postremission suicide attempt? | {
"contexts": [
"To establish which symptoms of major depressive episode (MDE) predict postremission suicide attempts in complicated single-episode cases.",
"Using the nationally representative two-wave National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions data set, we identified wave 1 lifetime single-episode MDE cases in which the episode remitted by the beginning of the wave 2 three-year follow-up period (N = 2791). The analytic sample was further limited to 'complicated' cases (N = 1872) known to have elevated suicide attempt rates, defined as having two or more of the following: suicidal ideation, marked role impairment, feeling worthless, psychomotor retardation, and prolonged (>6 months) duration.",
"Logistic regression analyses showed that, after controlling for wave 1 suicide attempt which significantly predicted postremission suicide attempt (OR = 10.0), the additional complicated symptom 'feelings of worthlessness' during the wave 1 index episode significantly and very substantially predicted postremission suicide attempt (OR = 6.96). Neither wave 1 psychomotor retardation nor wave 1 suicidal ideation nor any of the other wave 1 depressive symptoms were significant predictors of wave 2 suicide attempt."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Depressive Disorder, Major",
"Emotions",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Risk Factors",
"Suicidal Ideation",
"Suicide, Attempted"
]
} | Among depressive symptoms during an MDE, feelings of worthlessness is the only significant indicator of elevated risk of suicide attempt after the episode has remitted, beyond previous suicide attempts. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do feelings of worthlessness during a single complicated major depressive episode predict postremission suicide attempt?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To establish which symptoms of major depressive episode (MDE) predict postremission suicide attempts in complicated single-episode cases.', \"Using the nationally representative two-wave National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions data set, we identified wave 1 lifetime single-episode MDE cases in which the episode remitted by the beginning of the wave 2 three-year follow-up period (N = 2791). The analytic sample was further limited to 'complicated' cases (N = 1872) known to have elevated suicide attempt rates, defined as having two or more of the following: suicidal ideation, marked role impairment, feeling worthless, psychomotor retardation, and prolonged (>6 months) duration.\", \"Logistic regression analyses showed that, after controlling for wave 1 suicide attempt which significantly predicted postremission suicide attempt (OR = 10.0), the additional complicated symptom 'feelings of worthlessness' during the wave 1 index episode significantly and very substantially predicted postremission suicide attempt (OR = 6.96). Neither wave 1 psychomotor retardation nor wave 1 suicidal ideation nor any of the other wave 1 depressive symptoms were significant predictors of wave 2 suicide attempt.\"], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Risk Factors', 'Suicidal Ideation', 'Suicide, Attempted']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,537,362 | Is tumor invasion depth a useful pathologic assessment for predicting outcomes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant radiotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate whether tumor invasion depth can be a reliable and easily applicable pathologic assessment strategy to predict outcomes using surgically resected cervical squamous cell carcinoma specimens from patients who have received neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).",
"We included 173 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma who received neoadjuvant CCRT (n = 125) or RT (n = 48) and underwent subsequent radical hysterectomy. Data for the pre-operative clinical International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, post-operative pathologic FIGO stage, World Health Organization (WHO) double diameter measurement evaluation, response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST 1.1) criteria, tumor necrosis rate (TNR), and tumor regression grade (TRG) were investigated to identify correlations with outcomes related to distant metastasis and survival. The tumor invasion depth (TID) and the tumor invasion depth with cytokeratin immunostaining correction (TIDC) at the cervical internal surface were measured to assess their relations to patients' outcomes.",
"Based on measurements taken via transvaginal ultrasound, the pre-operative clinical and post-operative pathologic FIGO staging as well as the WHO double diameter measurement evaluation and RECIST 1.1 criteria were predictive of distant metastasis and survival-related outcomes. Also, lymph node involvement was found to be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence and distant metastasis. Finally, univariate analysis showed both the TID and TIDC were highly related to distant metastasis, overall survival, and progression-free survival, irrespective of the clinical stage of carcinomas."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Carcinoma, Squamous Cell",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Lymph Nodes",
"Lymphatic Metastasis",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoadjuvant Therapy",
"Neoplasm Invasiveness",
"Neoplasm Recurrence, Local",
"Neoplasm Staging",
"Prognosis",
"Uterine Cervical Neoplasms"
]
} | The TID or TIDC measured at the cervical internal surface is a useful and easily applied pathologic prognostic factor for distant metastasis and survival outcomes in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant RT or CCRT. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is tumor invasion depth a useful pathologic assessment for predicting outcomes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant radiotherapy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To evaluate whether tumor invasion depth can be a reliable and easily applicable pathologic assessment strategy to predict outcomes using surgically resected cervical squamous cell carcinoma specimens from patients who have received neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).', \"We included 173 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma who received neoadjuvant CCRT (n\\u2009=\\u2009125) or RT (n\\u2009=\\u200948) and underwent subsequent radical hysterectomy. Data for the pre-operative clinical International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, post-operative pathologic FIGO stage, World Health Organization (WHO) double diameter measurement evaluation, response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST 1.1) criteria, tumor necrosis rate (TNR), and tumor regression grade (TRG) were investigated to identify correlations with outcomes related to distant metastasis and survival. The tumor invasion depth (TID) and the tumor invasion depth with cytokeratin immunostaining correction (TIDC) at the cervical internal surface were measured to assess their relations to patients' outcomes.\", 'Based on measurements taken via transvaginal ultrasound, the pre-operative clinical and post-operative pathologic FIGO staging as well as the WHO double diameter measurement evaluation and RECIST 1.1 criteria were predictive of distant metastasis and survival-related outcomes. Also, lymph node involvement was found to be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence and distant metastasis. Finally, univariate analysis showed both the TID and TIDC were highly related to distant metastasis, overall survival, and progression-free survival, irrespective of the clinical stage of carcinomas.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,545,625 | Does endoscopic Mediastinal Staging in Lung Cancer be Superior to `` Gold Standard '' Surgical Staging? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective was to evaluate whether endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) staging techniques of the mediastinum for lung cancer can change the treatment plan compared with the \"gold standard\" of surgical staging.",
"Patients were retrospectively identified from a prospectively collected database. Endoscopic staging was compared with the \"gold standard\" cervical mediastinoscopy (CM). In cases where mediastinoscopy was not performed, EBUS/EUS was compared with \"ideal\" CM, a virtual procedure, which was assumed to have 100% rates of sensitivity and specificity.",
"EBUS was performed in 324 patients (99%), EUS in 295 patients (90%), and CM in 101 patients (31%); 226 patients (69%) were assumed to have undergone a virtual ideal CM and a virtual surgical mediastinal staging; 108 positive biopsies (33.0%) with endosonography had sampling of targets that were out of the scope of CM. Distant metastatic disease was diagnosed by EBUS/EUS in 7 patients (2.1%); 22 patients (6.7%) had positive targets outside the reach of the CM or virtual CM. If the 14 patients who had positive stations 5, 6, 10, and 11 are excluded (accessible with anterior mediastinotomy or extended cervical mediastinoscopy), there were 6 patients (1.8%) in whom endosonography upstaged the patient over ideal surgical mediastinal staging. In 20 patients (6.1%), ultrasound-guided biopsy made the diagnoses, which changed the treatment plan over CM and ideal CM."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Biopsy, Fine-Needle",
"Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Image-Guided Biopsy",
"Lung Neoplasms",
"Male",
"Mediastinoscopy",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoplasm Staging",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Ultrasonography, Interventional"
]
} | Combined EBUS- and EUS-guided biopsies can access more targets, including lung and distant metastasis, and thus have the potential to upstage patients compared with mediastinoscopy and change the treatment plan. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does endoscopic Mediastinal Staging in Lung Cancer be Superior to `` Gold Standard '' Surgical Staging?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The objective was to evaluate whether endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) staging techniques of the mediastinum for lung cancer can change the treatment plan compared with the \"gold standard\" of surgical staging.', 'Patients were retrospectively identified from a prospectively collected database. Endoscopic staging was compared with the \"gold standard\" cervical mediastinoscopy (CM). In cases where mediastinoscopy was not performed, EBUS/EUS was compared with \"ideal\" CM, a virtual procedure, which was assumed to have 100% rates of sensitivity and specificity.', 'EBUS was performed in 324 patients (99%), EUS in 295 patients (90%), and CM in 101 patients (31%); 226 patients (69%) were assumed to have undergone a virtual ideal CM and a virtual surgical mediastinal staging; 108 positive biopsies (33.0%) with endosonography had sampling of targets that were out of the scope of CM. Distant metastatic disease was diagnosed by EBUS/EUS in 7 patients (2.1%); 22 patients (6.7%) had positive targets outside the reach of the CM or virtual CM. If the 14 patients who had positive stations 5, 6, 10, and 11 are excluded (accessible with anterior mediastinotomy or extended cervical mediastinoscopy), there were 6 patients (1.8%) in whom endosonography upstaged the patient over ideal surgical mediastinal staging. In 20 patients (6.1%), ultrasound-guided biopsy made the diagnoses, which changed the treatment plan over CM and ideal CM.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Biopsy, Fine-Needle', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image-Guided Biopsy', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mediastinoscopy', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,528,507 | Is colonoscopy performance stable during the course of an extended three-session working day? | {
"contexts": [
"Three-session days were introduced in our endoscopy unit to accommodate the increased demand resulting from the introduction of the National Health Service Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP). Cecal intubation rate (CIR) and adenoma detection rate (ADR) may decline with time during a standard working day, but data are lacking for an extended three-session day. We assessed colonoscopy performance in an extended three-session day.",
"Colonoscopies performed during the year 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The CIR and ADR were analyzed according to the time of day when procedures were done: morning (AM), afternoon (PM), or evening (EVE). Because of an expected higher incidence of adenomas in the BCSP patients, ADR was analyzed according to indication (BCSP or non-BCSP).",
"Of the 2574 colonoscopies, 1328 (51.7 %) were in male patients and 1239 (48.3 %) in female patients with a median age of 63 years (interquartile range [IQR], 51 - 70). Of the 2574 colonoscopies, 1091 (42.4 %) were performed in AM lists, 994 (38.6 %) in PM lists, and 489 (19 %) in EVE lists. Time of day did not affect the CIRs for the AM, PM, and EVE lists (90.5 %, 90.1 %, and 89.9 %, respectively; χ (2) [2, N = 2540] = 0.15, P = 0.927). The CIR was reduced in female patients and those with poor bowel preparation (P < 0.05). After exclusion of the BCSP patients, the ADR was lower in the EVE lists than in the AM and PM lists on univariate analysis, but on multivariate analysis, this difference was not significant (P > 0.05). The ADR was significantly higher in patients older than 60 years and in men (P < 0.001). Queue position did not independently influence the CIR or ADR."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Colonoscopy quality does not appear to depend on time of day or queue position in an extended three-session day. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is colonoscopy performance stable during the course of an extended three-session working day?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Three-session days were introduced in our endoscopy unit to accommodate the increased demand resulting from the introduction of the National Health Service Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP). Cecal intubation rate (CIR) and adenoma detection rate (ADR) may decline with time during a standard working day, but data are lacking for an extended three-session day. We assessed colonoscopy performance in an extended three-session day.', 'Colonoscopies performed during the year 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The CIR and ADR were analyzed according to the time of day when procedures were done: morning (AM), afternoon (PM), or evening (EVE). Because of an expected higher incidence of adenomas in the BCSP patients, ADR was analyzed according to indication (BCSP or non-BCSP).', 'Of the 2574 colonoscopies, 1328 (51.7\\u200a%) were in male patients and 1239 (48.3\\u200a%) in female patients with a median age of 63 years (interquartile range [IQR], 51\\u200a-\\u200a70). Of the 2574 colonoscopies, 1091 (42.4\\u200a%) were performed in AM lists, 994 (38.6\\u200a%) in PM lists, and 489 (19\\u200a%) in EVE lists. Time of day did not affect the CIRs for the AM, PM, and EVE lists (90.5\\u200a%, 90.1\\u200a%, and 89.9\\u200a%, respectively; χ (2) [2, N\\u200a=\\u200a2540]\\u200a=\\u200a0.15, P\\u200a=\\u200a0.927). The CIR was reduced in female patients and those with poor bowel preparation (P\\u200a<\\u200a0.05). After exclusion of the BCSP patients, the ADR was lower in the EVE lists than in the AM and PM lists on univariate analysis, but on multivariate analysis, this difference was not significant (P\\u200a>\\u200a0.05). The ADR was significantly higher in patients older than 60 years and in men (P\\u200a<\\u200a0.001). Queue position did not independently influence the CIR or ADR.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,528,030 | Does carbapenem Resistance in Non-Fermentative Bacterial Species and in Enterobacteriaceae isolate from Hospitalized Patients in Different Health-Care Settings? | {
"contexts": [
"Carbapenem-resistant strains have been increasingly reported over the last few years. In this study we used laboratory records to determine the occurrence of carbapenem-resistant strains from hospitalized patients with emphasis on the comparative analysis of the incidence in various health-care settings.",
"From January 2012 to November 2012 and from May 2013 to November 2013, we evaluated 566 strains (Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella spp.). All isolates were tested and analyzed according to their antibiotic resistance phenotypic pattern. Laboratory results were correlated with data regarding admission in different clinical wards.",
"Among 566 isolates, 191 carbapenem-resistant or carbapenem-intermediate strains (33.74%) were detected. Non-fermentative species were the most prevalent carbapenem-resistant organisms, 80.62% of 191 carbapenem-resistant or carbapenem-intermediate strains isolated were Acinetobacter spp., and 17.27% of 191 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Apart from that, only 4 (2.09%) carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) strains were identified. We identified 59.30% of 172 strains isolated from patients hospitalized in anesthesia and intensive care units non-susceptible to carbapenems. The main mechanism associated with carbapenem resistance could be the production of carbapenemase in combination with impermeability."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Our study demonstrates that infections with carbapenem-resistant strains are correlated with hospitalization in intensive care units. Our data showed a predominant carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. strain in intensive care units. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does carbapenem Resistance in Non-Fermentative Bacterial Species and in Enterobacteriaceae isolate from Hospitalized Patients in Different Health-Care Settings?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Carbapenem-resistant strains have been increasingly reported over the last few years. In this study we used laboratory records to determine the occurrence of carbapenem-resistant strains from hospitalized patients with emphasis on the comparative analysis of the incidence in various health-care settings.', 'From January 2012 to November 2012 and from May 2013 to November 2013, we evaluated 566 strains (Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella spp.). All isolates were tested and analyzed according to their antibiotic resistance phenotypic pattern. Laboratory results were correlated with data regarding admission in different clinical wards.', 'Among 566 isolates, 191 carbapenem-resistant or carbapenem-intermediate strains (33.74%) were detected. Non-fermentative species were the most prevalent carbapenem-resistant organisms, 80.62% of 191 carbapenem-resistant or carbapenem-intermediate strains isolated were Acinetobacter spp., and 17.27% of 191 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Apart from that, only 4 (2.09%) carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) strains were identified. We identified 59.30% of 172 strains isolated from patients hospitalized in anesthesia and intensive care units non-susceptible to carbapenems. The main mechanism associated with carbapenem resistance could be the production of carbapenemase in combination with impermeability.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,546,191 | Is quality of Life in Thyroid Cancer Similar to That of Other Cancers with Worse Survival? | {
"contexts": [
"The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing. As such, the number of survivors is rising, and it has been shown that their quality of life (QOL) is worse than expected. Using results from the North American Thyroid Cancer Survivorship Study (NATCSS), a large-scale survivorship study, we aim to compare the QOL of thyroid cancer survivors to the QOL of survivors of other types of cancer.",
"The NATCSS assessed QOL overall and in four subcategories: physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being using the QOL-Cancer Survivor (QOL-CS) instrument. Studies that used the QOL-CS to evaluate survivors of other types of cancers were compared to the NATCSS findings using two-tailed t tests.",
"We compared results from NATCSS to QOL survivorship studies in colon, glioma, breast, and gynecologic cancer. The mean overall QOL in NATCSS was 5.56 (on a scale of 0-10, where 10 is the best). Overall QOL of patients with thyroid cancer was similar to that of patients with colon cancer (mean 5.20, p = 0.13), glioma (mean 5.96, p = 0.23), and gynecologic cancer (mean 5.59, p = 0.43). It was worse than patients surveyed with breast cancer (mean 6.51, p < 0.01)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | We found the self-reported QOL of thyroid cancer survivors in our study population is overall similar to or worse than that of survivors of other types of cancer surveyed with the same instrument. This should heighten awareness of the significance of a thyroid cancer diagnosis and highlights the need for further research in how to improve care for this enlarging group of patients. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is quality of Life in Thyroid Cancer Similar to That of Other Cancers with Worse Survival?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing. As such, the number of survivors is rising, and it has been shown that their quality of life (QOL) is worse than expected. Using results from the North American Thyroid Cancer Survivorship Study (NATCSS), a large-scale survivorship study, we aim to compare the QOL of thyroid cancer survivors to the QOL of survivors of other types of cancer.', 'The NATCSS assessed QOL overall and in four subcategories: physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being using the QOL-Cancer Survivor (QOL-CS) instrument. Studies that used the QOL-CS to evaluate survivors of other types of cancers were compared to the NATCSS findings using two-tailed t tests.', 'We compared results from NATCSS to QOL survivorship studies in colon, glioma, breast, and gynecologic cancer. The mean overall QOL in NATCSS was 5.56 (on a scale of 0-10, where 10 is the best). Overall QOL of patients with thyroid cancer was similar to that of patients with colon cancer (mean 5.20, p\\xa0=\\xa00.13), glioma (mean 5.96, p\\xa0=\\xa00.23), and gynecologic cancer (mean 5.59, p\\xa0=\\xa00.43). It was worse than patients surveyed with breast cancer (mean 6.51, p\\xa0<\\xa00.01).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,525,087 | Does motor Function be Associated With Incident Disability in Older African Americans? | {
"contexts": [
"Disability in older African American adults is common, but its basis is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the level of motor function is associated with incident disability in older African Americans after adjusting for cognition.",
"A prospective observational cohort study of 605 older community-dwelling African American adults without dementia was carried out. Baseline global motor score summarized 11 motor performances, cognition was based on 19 cognitive tests, and self-reported disability was obtained annually. We examined the association of motor function with incident disability (instrumental activities of daily living [IADL], activities of daily living [ADL], and mobility disability) with a series of Cox proportional hazards models which controlled for age, sex, and education.",
"Average follow-up was about 5 years. In proportional hazards models, a 1-SD increase in baseline level of global motor score was associated with about a 50% decrease in the risk of subsequent IADL, ADL, and mobility disability (all p values < .001). These associations were unchanged in analyses controlling for cognition and other covariates. Further, the association of global motor score and incident ADL disability varied with the level of cognition (estimate -5.541, SE 1.634, p < .001), such that higher motor function was more protective at higher levels of cognition. Mobility and dexterity components of global motor score were more strongly associated with incident disability than strength (all p values < .001)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"African Americans",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Cognition",
"Cohort Studies",
"Disability Evaluation",
"Female",
"Geriatric Assessment",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Mobility Limitation",
"Motor Activity",
"Proportional Hazards Models",
"Residence Characteristics",
"Self Report"
]
} | Better motor function in older African Americans is associated with a decreased risk of developing disability. Moreover, the association of motor function and disability is stronger in individuals with better cognitive function. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does motor Function be Associated With Incident Disability in Older African Americans?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Disability in older African American adults is common, but its basis is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the level of motor function is associated with incident disability in older African Americans after adjusting for cognition.', 'A prospective observational cohort study of 605 older community-dwelling African American adults without dementia was carried out. Baseline global motor score summarized 11 motor performances, cognition was based on 19 cognitive tests, and self-reported disability was obtained annually. We examined the association of motor function with incident disability (instrumental activities of daily living [IADL], activities of daily living [ADL], and mobility disability) with a series of Cox proportional hazards models which controlled for age, sex, and education.', 'Average follow-up was about 5 years. In proportional hazards models, a 1-SD increase in baseline level of global motor score was associated with about a 50% decrease in the risk of subsequent IADL, ADL, and mobility disability (all p values < .001). These associations were unchanged in analyses controlling for cognition and other covariates. Further, the association of global motor score and incident ADL disability varied with the level of cognition (estimate -5.541, SE 1.634, p < .001), such that higher motor function was more protective at higher levels of cognition. Mobility and dexterity components of global motor score were more strongly associated with incident disability than strength (all p values < .001).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['African Americans', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cognition', 'Cohort Studies', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mobility Limitation', 'Motor Activity', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Self Report']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,525,088 | Does dietary Protein Intake be Protective Against Loss of Grip Strength Among Older Adults in the Framingham Offspring Cohort? | {
"contexts": [
"Age-related decline in muscle strength is an important public health issue for older adults. Dietary protein has been associated with maintenance of muscle mass, yet its relation to muscle strength remains unclear.",
"We determined the association of dietary protein (total, animal, and plant) intake, measured by food frequency questionnaire, with change in grip strength over 6 years in 1,746 men and women from the Framingham Offspring cohort.",
"Mean age at baseline was 58.7 years (range: 29-85), and mean total, animal, and plant protein intakes were 79, 57, and 22 g/d, respectively. Adjusted baseline mean grip strength did not differ across quartiles of energy-adjusted total, animal or protein intake. Greater protein intake, regardless of source, was associated with less decrease in grip strength (all p for trend ≤.05): participants in the lowest quartiles lost 0.17% to 0.27% per year while those in the highest quartiles gained 0.52% to 0.60% per year. In analyses stratified by age, participants aged 60 years or older (n = 646) had similar linear trends on loss of grip strength for total and animal (all p for trend <.03) but not plant protein, while the trends in participants younger than 60 years (n = 896) were not statistically significant."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Aging",
"Body Mass Index",
"Child",
"Child, Preschool",
"Dietary Proteins",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Hand Strength",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Motor Activity",
"Muscle, Skeletal",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Young Adult"
]
} | Higher dietary intakes of total and animal protein were protective against loss of grip strength in community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older. Increasing intake of protein from these sources may help maintain muscle strength and support prevention of mobility impairment in older adults. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does dietary Protein Intake be Protective Against Loss of Grip Strength Among Older Adults in the Framingham Offspring Cohort?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Age-related decline in muscle strength is an important public health issue for older adults. Dietary protein has been associated with maintenance of muscle mass, yet its relation to muscle strength remains unclear.', 'We determined the association of dietary protein (total, animal, and plant) intake, measured by food frequency questionnaire, with change in grip strength over 6 years in 1,746 men and women from the Framingham Offspring cohort.', 'Mean age at baseline was 58.7 years (range: 29-85), and mean total, animal, and plant protein intakes were 79, 57, and 22 g/d, respectively. Adjusted baseline mean grip strength did not differ across quartiles of energy-adjusted total, animal or protein intake. Greater protein intake, regardless of source, was associated with less decrease in grip strength (all p for trend ≤.05): participants in the lowest quartiles lost 0.17% to 0.27% per year while those in the highest quartiles gained 0.52% to 0.60% per year. In analyses stratified by age, participants aged 60 years or older (n = 646) had similar linear trends on loss of grip strength for total and animal (all p for trend <.03) but not plant protein, while the trends in participants younger than 60 years (n = 896) were not statistically significant.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Body Mass Index', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hand Strength', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Activity', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,541,923 | Is carotid stiffness associated with incident stroke : a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"Carotid stiffening is considered a key element in the pathogenesis of stroke. However, results of studies evaluating the association between carotid stiffness and incident stroke have been inconsistent.",
"This study investigated whether carotid stiffness (as determined by ultrasonography) is associated with incident stroke and whether this association is independent of aortic stiffness as estimated by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Additionally, we evaluated the incremental value of carotid stiffness for stroke risk prediction beyond Framingham risk factors and cfPWV.",
"This study included a systematic review and meta-analyses of aggregate and individual participant data (IPD), the latter of which was obtained by requesting individual-level data of all cohort studies with available data on carotid stiffness and cfPWV.",
"Ten studies (n = 22,472) were included in the aggregate data meta-analysis and 4 (n = 4,540) in the IPD meta-analysis. After adjusting for cardiovascular (CV) factors, the aggregate data meta-analysis showed that greater carotid stiffness (per SD) was associated with stroke (hazard ratio: 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.33). In addition, carotid stiffness was associated with total CV events and CV and all-cause mortality, but not with coronary heart disease events. In the IPD meta-analysis, additional adjustment for cfPWV did not materially change these associations. Carotid stiffness did improve stroke risk prediction beyond Framingham and cfPWV (integrative discrimination improvement: 0.4 percentage point [95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 0.6 percentage point] and continuous net reclassification improvement: 18.6% [95% confidence interval: 5.8% to 31.3%])."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Carotid stiffness is associated with incident stroke independently of CV factors and aortic stiffness. In addition, carotid stiffness improves stroke risk prediction beyond Framingham and aortic stiffness. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is carotid stiffness associated with incident stroke : a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Carotid stiffening is considered a key element in the pathogenesis of stroke. However, results of studies evaluating the association between carotid stiffness and incident stroke have been inconsistent.', 'This study investigated whether carotid stiffness (as determined by ultrasonography) is associated with incident stroke and whether this association is independent of aortic stiffness as estimated by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Additionally, we evaluated the incremental value of carotid stiffness for stroke risk prediction beyond Framingham risk factors and cfPWV.', 'This study included a systematic review and meta-analyses of aggregate and individual participant data (IPD), the latter of which was obtained by requesting individual-level data of all cohort studies with available data on carotid stiffness and cfPWV.', 'Ten studies (n\\xa0= 22,472) were included in the aggregate data meta-analysis and 4 (n\\xa0= 4,540) in the IPD meta-analysis. After adjusting for cardiovascular (CV) factors, the aggregate data meta-analysis showed that greater carotid stiffness (per SD) was associated with stroke (hazard ratio: 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.33). In addition, carotid stiffness was associated with total CV events and CV and all-cause mortality, but not with coronary heart disease events. In the IPD meta-analysis, additional adjustment for cfPWV did not materially change these associations. Carotid stiffness did improve stroke risk prediction beyond Framingham and cfPWV (integrative discrimination improvement: 0.4 percentage point [95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 0.6 percentage point] and continuous net reclassification improvement: 18.6% [95% confidence interval: 5.8% to 31.3%]).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,541,776 | Does partial-Volume Effect Correction improve Quantitative Analysis of 18F-Florbetaben β-Amyloid PET Scans? | {
"contexts": [
"Neocortical atrophy reduces PET signal intensity, potentially affecting the diagnostic efficacy of β-amyloid (Aβ) brain PET imaging. This study investigated whether partial-volume effect correction (PVEC), adjusting for this atrophy bias, improves the accuracy of (18)F-florbetaben Aβ PET.",
"We analyzed (18)F-florbetaben PET and MRI data obtained from 3 cohorts. The first was 10 patients with probable Alzheimer disease (AD) and 10 age-matched healthy controls (HCs), the second was 31 subjects who underwent in vivo imaging and postmortem histopathology for Aβ plaques, and the third was 5 subjects who underwent PET and MRI at baseline and 1 y later. The imaging data were coregistered and segmented. PVEC was performed using the voxel-based modified Müller-Gärtner method (PVELab, SPM8). From the PET data, regional and composite SUV ratios (SUVRs) with and without PVEC were obtained. In the MRI data, mesial temporal lobe atrophy was determined by the Scheltens mesial temporal atrophy scale and gray matter volumes by voxel-based morphometry.",
"In cohort 1, PVEC increased the effect on AD-versus-HC discrimination from a Cohen d value of 1.68 to 2.0 for composite SUVRs and from 0.04 to 1.04 for mesial temporal cortex SUVRs. The PVEC-related increase in mesial temporal cortex SUVR correlated with the Scheltens score (r = 0.84, P < 0.001), and that of composite SUVR correlated with the composite gray matter volume (r = -0.75, P < 0.001). In cohort 2, PVEC increased the correlation coefficient between mesial temporal cortex SUVR and histopathology score for Aβ plaque load from 0.28 (P = 0.09) to 0.37 (P = 0.03). In cohort 3, PVEC did not affect the composite SUVR dynamics over time for the Aβ-negative subject. This finding was in contrast to the 4 Aβ-positive subjects, in 2 of whom PVEC changed the composite SUVR dynamics."
],
"labels": [
"UNLABELLED",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Alzheimer Disease",
"Amyloid beta-Peptides",
"Aniline Compounds",
"Atrophy",
"Cerebral Cortex",
"Cohort Studies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted",
"Longitudinal Studies",
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
"Male",
"Plaque, Amyloid",
"Positron-Emission Tomography",
"Radiopharmaceuticals",
"Stilbenes",
"Temporal Lobe"
]
} | The influence of PVEC on (18)F-florbetaben PET data is associated with the degree of brain atrophy. Thus, PVEC increases the ability of (18)F-florbetaben PET to discriminate between AD patients and HCs, to detect Aβ plaques in the atrophic mesial temporal cortex, and potentially to evaluate changes in brain Aβ load over time. As such, the use of PVEC should be considered for quantitative (18)F-florbetaben PET scans, especially in assessing patients with brain atrophy. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does partial-Volume Effect Correction improve Quantitative Analysis of 18F-Florbetaben β-Amyloid PET Scans?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Neocortical atrophy reduces PET signal intensity, potentially affecting the diagnostic efficacy of β-amyloid (Aβ) brain PET imaging. This study investigated whether partial-volume effect correction (PVEC), adjusting for this atrophy bias, improves the accuracy of (18)F-florbetaben Aβ PET.', 'We analyzed (18)F-florbetaben PET and MRI data obtained from 3 cohorts. The first was 10 patients with probable Alzheimer disease (AD) and 10 age-matched healthy controls (HCs), the second was 31 subjects who underwent in vivo imaging and postmortem histopathology for Aβ plaques, and the third was 5 subjects who underwent PET and MRI at baseline and 1 y later. The imaging data were coregistered and segmented. PVEC was performed using the voxel-based modified Müller-Gärtner method (PVELab, SPM8). From the PET data, regional and composite SUV ratios (SUVRs) with and without PVEC were obtained. In the MRI data, mesial temporal lobe atrophy was determined by the Scheltens mesial temporal atrophy scale and gray matter volumes by voxel-based morphometry.', 'In cohort 1, PVEC increased the effect on AD-versus-HC discrimination from a Cohen d value of 1.68 to 2.0 for composite SUVRs and from 0.04 to 1.04 for mesial temporal cortex SUVRs. The PVEC-related increase in mesial temporal cortex SUVR correlated with the Scheltens score (r = 0.84, P < 0.001), and that of composite SUVR correlated with the composite gray matter volume (r = -0.75, P < 0.001). In cohort 2, PVEC increased the correlation coefficient between mesial temporal cortex SUVR and histopathology score for Aβ plaque load from 0.28 (P = 0.09) to 0.37 (P = 0.03). In cohort 3, PVEC did not affect the composite SUVR dynamics over time for the Aβ-negative subject. This finding was in contrast to the 4 Aβ-positive subjects, in 2 of whom PVEC changed the composite SUVR dynamics.'], 'labels': ['UNLABELLED', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Aniline Compounds', 'Atrophy', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Plaque, Amyloid', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Stilbenes', 'Temporal Lobe']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,545,101 | Is prolonged Operative Time to Extubation a Useful Metric for Comparing the Performance of Individual Anesthesia Providers? | {
"contexts": [
"One anesthesiologist performance metric is the incidence of \"prolonged\" (15 min or longer after dressing complete) times to extubation. The authors used several methods to identify the performance outliers and assess whether targeting these outliers for reduction could improve operating room workflow.",
"Time to extubation data were retrieved for 27,757 anesthetics and 81 faculty anesthesiologists. Provider-specific incidences of prolonged extubation were assessed by using unadjusted frequentist statistics and a Bayesian model adjusted for prone positioning, American Society of Anesthesiologist's base units, and case duration.",
"20.31% of extubations were \"prolonged,\" and 40% of anesthesiologists were identified as outliers using a frequentist approach, that is, incidence greater than upper 95% CI (20.71%). With an adjusted Bayesian model, only one anesthesiologist was deemed an outlier. If an average anesthesiologist performed all extubations, the incidence of prolonged extubations would change negligibly (to 20.67%). If the anesthesiologist with the highest incidence of prolonged extubations was replaced with an average anesthesiologist, the change was also negligible (20.01%). Variability among anesthesiologists in the incidence of prolonged extubations was significantly less than among other providers."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Airway Extubation",
"Anesthesia",
"Anesthesiology",
"Bayes Theorem",
"Clinical Competence",
"Humans",
"Operative Time",
"Physicians"
]
} | Bayesian methodology with covariate adjustment is better suited to performance monitoring than an unadjusted, nonhierarchical frequentist approach because it is less likely to identify individuals spuriously as outliers. Targeting outliers in an effort to alter operating room activities is unlikely to have an operational impact (although monitoring may serve other purposes). If change is deemed necessary, it must be made by improving the average behavior of everyone and by focusing on anesthesia providers rather than on faculty. | no | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is prolonged Operative Time to Extubation a Useful Metric for Comparing the Performance of Individual Anesthesia Providers?\nContext: {'contexts': ['One anesthesiologist performance metric is the incidence of \"prolonged\" (15 min or longer after dressing complete) times to extubation. The authors used several methods to identify the performance outliers and assess whether targeting these outliers for reduction could improve operating room workflow.', \"Time to extubation data were retrieved for 27,757 anesthetics and 81 faculty anesthesiologists. Provider-specific incidences of prolonged extubation were assessed by using unadjusted frequentist statistics and a Bayesian model adjusted for prone positioning, American Society of Anesthesiologist's base units, and case duration.\", '20.31% of extubations were \"prolonged,\" and 40% of anesthesiologists were identified as outliers using a frequentist approach, that is, incidence greater than upper 95% CI (20.71%). With an adjusted Bayesian model, only one anesthesiologist was deemed an outlier. If an average anesthesiologist performed all extubations, the incidence of prolonged extubations would change negligibly (to 20.67%). If the anesthesiologist with the highest incidence of prolonged extubations was replaced with an average anesthesiologist, the change was also negligible (20.01%). Variability among anesthesiologists in the incidence of prolonged extubations was significantly less than among other providers.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Airway Extubation', 'Anesthesia', 'Anesthesiology', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Clinical Competence', 'Humans', 'Operative Time', 'Physicians']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
]
|
26,525,169 | Are tNNT2 Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Susceptibility to Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Kazak and Han Chinese? | {
"contexts": [
"Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by left ventricular enlargement, systolic dysfunction, and heart failure. Both genetic and non-genetic factors have been linked to DCM pathogenesis. Familial DCM (FDCM) accounts for 20%-50% of all DCM cases, highlighting the importance of genetics in pathogenesis. Indeed, more than 40 DCM-associated genes have been identified, including the gene encoding cardiac troponin T type-2 (TNNT2). We examined polymorphisms of the TNNT2 gene in idiopathic DCM (IDCM) patients of Kazak and Han ethnicity compared with healthy Kazak and Han controls.",
"Peripheral blood samples were collected from 180 patients with IDCM (90 Kazak and 90 Han), and 180 healthy controls (90 Kazak and 90 Han). PCR was used to amplify 15 exons and nearby introns of the TNNT2 gene. The amplified products were sequenced and compared to the standard sequence in PubMed by BLAST and CHROMAS software, to identify mutation sites.",
"Results from Kazak and Han IDCM patients were complied for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis. There was a significant difference in the genotype distribution (χ2=6.67, P=0.015) and allele frequency (χ2=5.71, P=0.017) between Kazaks with IDCM and Kazak controls of SNP rs3729547. There was also a difference in the genotype distribution (χ2=6.62, P=0.036) and allele frequency (χ2=4.91, P=0.018) between Han with IDCM and Han controls. The TNNT2 gene polymorphism loci rs3729547 may be associated with the IDCM onset in Kazak and Han patients (OR=2.5, 95% CI: 1.233~5.068)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Cardiomyopathy, Dilated",
"Case-Control Studies",
"China",
"Computational Biology",
"DNA Mutational Analysis",
"Exons",
"Female",
"Genetic Predisposition to Disease",
"Genotype",
"Humans",
"Introns",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Polymorphism, Genetic",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide",
"Software",
"Troponin T"
]
} | The TNNT2 polymorphisms might play an important role in susceptibility to DCM in Xinjiang Kazak and Han patients. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are tNNT2 Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Susceptibility to Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Kazak and Han Chinese?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by left ventricular enlargement, systolic dysfunction, and heart failure. Both genetic and non-genetic factors have been linked to DCM pathogenesis. Familial DCM (FDCM) accounts for 20%-50% of all DCM cases, highlighting the importance of genetics in pathogenesis. Indeed, more than 40 DCM-associated genes have been identified, including the gene encoding cardiac troponin T type-2 (TNNT2). We examined polymorphisms of the TNNT2 gene in idiopathic DCM (IDCM) patients of Kazak and Han ethnicity compared with healthy Kazak and Han controls.', 'Peripheral blood samples were collected from 180 patients with IDCM (90 Kazak and 90 Han), and 180 healthy controls (90 Kazak and 90 Han). PCR was used to amplify 15 exons and nearby introns of the TNNT2 gene. The amplified products were sequenced and compared to the standard sequence in PubMed by BLAST and CHROMAS software, to identify mutation sites.', 'Results from Kazak and Han IDCM patients were complied for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis. There was a significant difference in the genotype distribution (χ2=6.67, P=0.015) and allele frequency (χ2=5.71, P=0.017) between Kazaks with IDCM and Kazak controls of SNP rs3729547. There was also a difference in the genotype distribution (χ2=6.62, P=0.036) and allele frequency (χ2=4.91, P=0.018) between Han with IDCM and Han controls. The TNNT2 gene polymorphism loci rs3729547 may be associated with the IDCM onset in Kazak and Han patients (OR=2.5, 95% CI: 1.233~5.068).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiomyopathy, Dilated', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Computational Biology', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Introns', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Software', 'Troponin T']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,547,400 | Does complementary Serologic Investigations in Children with Celiac Disease be Unnecessary during Follow-Up? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the frequency of nutritional deficiencies and thyroid dysfunction in children with celiac disease (CD) and during follow-up after initiation of a gluten-free diet. Laboratory investigations of hemoglobin, ferritin, calcium, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and thyroid function are regularly ordered in children with CD despite sufficient evidence for these.",
"Between 2009 and 2014, test results of hemoglobin, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D (25[OH]D), free thyroxin, and thyroid stimulating hormone of children with CD regularly seen at the Leiden University Medical Center were investigated. Laboratory reference ranges were used to define abnormal results. Pearson χ(2) test for trend, unpaired t test, and 1-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.",
"Of the 182 children evaluated, 119 were newly diagnosed. On average, 17% of results per year were missing because of incomplete blood investigations. Iron deficiency (28%) and iron deficiency anemia (9%) were found at the time of diagnosis of CD. Folate (14%), vitamin B12 (1%), and vitamin D deficiencies (27%) were also seen. No hypocalcemia or thyroid dysfunction was found. At follow-up, iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, and folate and vitamin D deficiency were observed in 8%, 2%, 3%, and 25% of patients, respectively. Vitamin B12 deficiency, hypocalcemia, and thyroid disease were not found."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Celiac Disease",
"Child",
"Diet, Gluten-Free",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Hematologic Tests",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Malnutrition",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Thyroid Diseases",
"Unnecessary Procedures"
]
} | Complementary blood investigations are relevant at the time of diagnosis of CD but have little diagnostic yield during follow-up visits once the patient is placed on a gluten-free diet. Thus, we recommend that these variables only be assessed on indication, such as fatigue or abnormal growth. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does complementary Serologic Investigations in Children with Celiac Disease be Unnecessary during Follow-Up?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To determine the frequency of nutritional deficiencies and thyroid dysfunction in children with celiac disease (CD) and during follow-up after initiation of a gluten-free diet. Laboratory investigations of hemoglobin, ferritin, calcium, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and thyroid function are regularly ordered in children with CD despite sufficient evidence for these.', 'Between 2009 and 2014, test results of hemoglobin, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D (25[OH]D), free thyroxin, and thyroid stimulating hormone of children with CD regularly seen at the Leiden University Medical Center were investigated. Laboratory reference ranges were used to define abnormal results. Pearson χ(2) test for trend, unpaired t test, and 1-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.', 'Of the 182 children evaluated, 119 were newly diagnosed. On average, 17% of results per year were missing because of incomplete blood investigations. Iron deficiency (28%) and iron deficiency anemia (9%) were found at the time of diagnosis of CD. Folate (14%), vitamin B12 (1%), and vitamin D deficiencies (27%) were also seen. No hypocalcemia or thyroid dysfunction was found. At follow-up, iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, and folate and vitamin D deficiency were observed in 8%, 2%, 3%, and 25% of patients, respectively. Vitamin B12 deficiency, hypocalcemia, and thyroid disease were not found.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Celiac Disease', 'Child', 'Diet, Gluten-Free', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hematologic Tests', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Malnutrition', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thyroid Diseases', 'Unnecessary Procedures']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,530,958 | Does laboratory and dialysis characteristics in hemodialysis patients suffering from chronic itch -- result from a representative cross-sectional study? | {
"contexts": [
"A representative cross-sectional study showed that chronic itch (lasting for a minimum of 6 weeks) affects 25.2 % (point prevalence) of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Pathophysiology and etiology of chronic itch (CI) in HD are still unclear.",
"We investigated 860 HD patients from a representative randomly selected cluster-sample considering the regional distributions of dialysis units in Germany. The current analyses report comorbidities, laboratory values and dialysis characteristics of HD patients in relation to CI.",
"Diabetes was the only comorbidity that was associated with the occurrence of itch but interestingly with less CI. Except for creatinine, phosphorus, and parathormone, there were no significant associations between the occurrence and characteristics of CI and any laboratory value. Kt/V was not associated with the presence of CI. Patients dialyzed with polyarylethersulfone-membrane showed significantly more CI in all prevalence estimates and those dialyzed with polysulfone-membrane were significantly less affected by CI."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Causality",
"Chronic Disease",
"Comorbidity",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Diabetes Complications",
"Female",
"Germany",
"Humans",
"Incidence",
"Male",
"Pruritus",
"Renal Dialysis",
"Renal Insufficiency, Chronic",
"Risk Factors"
]
} | Long-term follow-up studies will show if the type of dialysis membrane influences the development of CI in HD patients. It is most likely that several factors e.g. elevated parathormone, origin of end stage renal disease (ESRD), type of dialysis membrane, and a neuropathic component all contribute to the occurrence of CI in HD patients. Future research should consider a multifactorial origin of itch in HD. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does laboratory and dialysis characteristics in hemodialysis patients suffering from chronic itch -- result from a representative cross-sectional study?\nContext: {'contexts': ['A representative cross-sectional study showed that chronic itch (lasting for a minimum of 6 weeks) affects 25.2 % (point prevalence) of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Pathophysiology and etiology of chronic itch (CI) in HD are still unclear.', 'We investigated 860 HD patients from a representative randomly selected cluster-sample considering the regional distributions of dialysis units in Germany. The current analyses report comorbidities, laboratory values and dialysis characteristics of HD patients in relation to CI.', 'Diabetes was the only comorbidity that was associated with the occurrence of itch but interestingly with less CI. Except for creatinine, phosphorus, and parathormone, there were no significant associations between the occurrence and characteristics of CI and any laboratory value. Kt/V was not associated with the presence of CI. Patients dialyzed with polyarylethersulfone-membrane showed significantly more CI in all prevalence estimates and those dialyzed with polysulfone-membrane were significantly less affected by CI.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Causality', 'Chronic Disease', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Pruritus', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,548,766 | Does proteomics of the red blood cell carbonylome during blood banking of erythrocyte concentrate? | {
"contexts": [
"Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is a daily medical procedure. Erythrocyte concentrates (ECs) can be stored up to 56 days at 4 °C in saline additive solution mainly composed of adenine and sugar. Such nonphysiological conditions induce the occurrence of storage lesions, such as alterations of metabolism, protein oxidation, and deterioration of rheological properties. Their accumulation tends to decrease the main EC therapeutic property, that is, the oxygenation capacity. Protein carbonylation is a marker of oxidative stress and aging, and its occurrence during RBC storage was earlier characterized as a time-dependent and cellular compartment dependent modification.",
"Three ECs from independent donations were followed. The carbolynome was here characterized in soluble and membrane extracts (n-dodecyl β-D-maltoside-based extraction buffer) of RBCs stored for 6, 27, and 41 days, through biotin hydrazide derivatization, biotin-avidin affinity purification, SDS-PAGE separation, and LC-MS/MS analyses.",
"A total of 142 and 20 proteins were identified as carbonylated in soluble and membrane extracts, respectively. Particularly, a time-dependent evolution of 26.8% of the soluble carbonylome was observed."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Blood Banks",
"Blood Proteins",
"Computational Biology",
"Erythrocytes",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Protein Carbonylation",
"Proteomics",
"Young Adult"
]
} | Affected cellular mechanisms involve antioxidant defenses, metabolism pathways, and proteasomal degradation. To better store RBCs those functions have to be preserved, which opens new routes of investigation in transfusion medicine. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does proteomics of the red blood cell carbonylome during blood banking of erythrocyte concentrate?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is a daily medical procedure. Erythrocyte concentrates (ECs) can be stored up to 56 days at 4 °C in saline additive solution mainly composed of adenine and sugar. Such nonphysiological conditions induce the occurrence of storage lesions, such as alterations of metabolism, protein oxidation, and deterioration of rheological properties. Their accumulation tends to decrease the main EC therapeutic property, that is, the oxygenation capacity. Protein carbonylation is a marker of oxidative stress and aging, and its occurrence during RBC storage was earlier characterized as a time-dependent and cellular compartment dependent modification.', 'Three ECs from independent donations were followed. The carbolynome was here characterized in soluble and membrane extracts (n-dodecyl β-D-maltoside-based extraction buffer) of RBCs stored for 6, 27, and 41 days, through biotin hydrazide derivatization, biotin-avidin affinity purification, SDS-PAGE separation, and LC-MS/MS analyses.', 'A total of 142 and 20 proteins were identified as carbonylated in soluble and membrane extracts, respectively. Particularly, a time-dependent evolution of 26.8% of the soluble carbonylome was observed.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Banks', 'Blood Proteins', 'Computational Biology', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Protein Carbonylation', 'Proteomics', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,543,546 | Does insulin combined with Chinese medicine improve glycemic outcome through multiple pathways in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"Insufficient insulin secretion or inefficient insulin response are responsible for the clinical outcome of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Administration of insulin alone is prone to cause secondary effects, resulting in an unsatisfactory outcome. Shen-Qi-Formula (SQF), a well-known Chinese medicinal formula, has been used for diabetic treatment for a long time. The present study was designed to investigate whether SQF in combination with insulin improved the clinical outcome of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and what mechanisms were possibly involved in the treatment.",
"A total of 219 patients were included in the study. Of these, 110 patients were treated with insulin monotherapy, and 109 with the combination therapy of SQF and insulin. Before and after 12-week treatment, the fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, β-cell function, insulin resistance and blood lipids were measured.",
"The 12 weeks of SQF treatment in combination with insulin significantly decreased the fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. Insulin secretion was not increased after the treatment, but β-cell function and insulin resistance were obviously improved. Furthermore, 12 weeks of treatment with SQF and insulin improved the levels of glucagon-like peptide-1, oxidative stress, blood lipids, coagulation function and bodyweight."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | The results from our study showed that the combination therapy of SQF and insulin significantly improved the clinical outcome of type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with insulin monotherapy. The mechanism of improvement was possibly involved in the multiple pathways. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does insulin combined with Chinese medicine improve glycemic outcome through multiple pathways in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Insufficient insulin secretion or inefficient insulin response are responsible for the clinical outcome of type\\xa02 diabetes mellitus. Administration of insulin alone is prone to cause secondary effects, resulting in an unsatisfactory outcome. Shen-Qi-Formula (SQF), a well-known Chinese medicinal formula, has been used for diabetic treatment for a long time. The present study was designed to investigate whether SQF in combination with insulin improved the clinical outcome of type\\xa02 diabetes mellitus, and what mechanisms were possibly involved in the treatment.', 'A total of 219 patients were included in the study. Of these, 110 patients were treated with insulin monotherapy, and 109 with the combination therapy of SQF and insulin. Before and after 12-week treatment, the fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, β-cell function, insulin resistance and blood lipids were measured.', 'The 12\\xa0weeks of SQF treatment in combination with insulin significantly decreased the fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. Insulin secretion was not increased after the treatment, but β-cell function and insulin resistance were obviously improved. Furthermore, 12\\xa0weeks of treatment with SQF and insulin improved the levels of glucagon-like peptide-1, oxidative stress, blood lipids, coagulation function and bodyweight.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,543,542 | Is carbohydrate intake associated with time spent in the euglycemic range in patients with type 1 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Greater glycemic variability and lack of predictability are important issues for patients with type 1 diabetes. Dietary factors are one of the contributors to this variability, but how closely diet is linked to glycemic fluctuation on a daily basis has not been investigated. We examined the association between carbohydrate intake and glycemic excursion in outpatients.",
"A total of 33 patients with type 1 diabetes were included in the analyses (age 44.5 ± 14.7 years, diabetes duration 15.1 ± 8.3 years, 64% female, 30% using insulin pump, glycated hemoglobin 8.1 ± 1.3%). Time spent in euglycemia (70-180 mg/dL), hyperglycemia (>180 mg/dL) and hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL) of consecutive 48-h periods of continuous glucose monitoring data were collected together with simultaneous records of dietary intake, insulin dose and physical activity. Correlation analyses and multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the contribution of carbohydrate intake to time spent in the target glycemic range.",
"In multiple regression analyses, carbohydrate intake (β = 0.53, P = 0.001), basal insulin dose per kg per day (β = -0.31, P = 0.034) and diabetes duration (β = 0.30, P = 0.042) were independent predictors of time spent in euglycemia. Carbohydrate intake (β = -0.51, P = 0.001) and insulin pump use (β = -0.34, P = 0.024) were independent predictors of time spent in hyperglycemia. Insulin pump use (β = 0.52, P < 0.001) and bolus insulin dose per kg per day (β = 0.46, P = 0.001) were independent predictors of time spent in hypoglycemia."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Carbohydrate intake is associated with time spent in euglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is carbohydrate intake associated with time spent in the euglycemic range in patients with type 1 diabetes?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Greater glycemic variability and lack of predictability are important issues for patients with type 1 diabetes. Dietary factors are one of the contributors to this variability, but how closely diet is linked to glycemic fluctuation on a daily basis has not been investigated. We examined the association between carbohydrate intake and glycemic excursion in outpatients.', 'A total of 33 patients with type 1 diabetes were included in the analyses (age 44.5\\xa0±\\xa014.7\\xa0years, diabetes duration 15.1\\xa0±\\xa08.3\\xa0years, 64% female, 30% using insulin pump, glycated hemoglobin 8.1\\xa0±\\xa01.3%). Time spent in euglycemia (70-180\\xa0mg/dL), hyperglycemia (>180\\xa0mg/dL) and hypoglycemia (<70\\xa0mg/dL) of consecutive 48-h periods of continuous glucose monitoring data were collected together with simultaneous records of dietary intake, insulin dose and physical activity. Correlation analyses and multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the contribution of carbohydrate intake to time spent in the target glycemic range.', 'In multiple regression analyses, carbohydrate intake (β\\xa0=\\xa00.53, P\\xa0=\\xa00.001), basal insulin dose per kg per day (β\\xa0=\\xa0-0.31, P\\xa0=\\xa00.034) and diabetes duration (β\\xa0=\\xa00.30, P\\xa0=\\xa00.042) were independent predictors of time spent in euglycemia. Carbohydrate intake (β\\xa0=\\xa0-0.51, P\\xa0=\\xa00.001) and insulin pump use (β\\xa0=\\xa0-0.34, P\\xa0=\\xa00.024) were independent predictors of time spent in hyperglycemia. Insulin pump use (β\\xa0=\\xa00.52, P\\xa0<\\xa00.001) and bolus insulin dose per kg per day (β\\xa0=\\xa00.46, P\\xa0=\\xa00.001) were independent predictors of time spent in hypoglycemia.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,553,267 | Is metabolic Syndrome Associated with Increased Postoperative Morbidity and Hospital Resource Utilization in Patients Undergoing Elective Pancreatectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients undergoing elective partial pancreatectomy, our aim was to evaluate the effect of metabolic syndrome (MS) on postoperative mortality, morbidity, and utilization of hospital resources. Our hypothesis was that MS is associated with worse surgical outcomes after pancreatectomy.",
"Fifteen thousand eight hundred thirty-one patients undergoing elective pancreatectomy from 2005 to 2012 were identified in the Participant User File of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed examining the association of MS (defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2), hypertension requiring medications, and diabetes requiring medications and/or insulin) and risk of 30-day mortality, morbidity, and utilization of hospital resources (risk of blood transfusion in the first 72 h after pancreatectomy and prolonged hospital stay, defined as ≥13 days, which was the 75th percentile of this cohort). Multivariable logistic regression models controlled for age, sex, race, pancreatectomy type (distal versus proximal), smoking status, alcohol consumption, functional status, dyspnea, cardiovascular disease, hematocrit, INR, serum albumin, bilirubin, and creatinine. Stratified analyses were conducted by type of pancreatectomy and indication for pancreatectomy (benign versus malignant).",
"On univariate analysis, 1070 (6.8%) patients had MS. MS was associated with increased postoperative morbidity, major morbidity, surgical site infection, septic shock, cardiac event, respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, blood transfusion, and prolonged duration of hospital stay (P < 0.05 for all analyses). After controlling for potentially confounding variables, there was a 26% increased odds of postoperative morbidity (P < 0.001), 17% increased odds of major morbidity (P = 0.034), 32% increased odds of surgical site infection (P < 0.001), 34% increased odds of respiratory failure (P = 0.023), 68% increased odds of pulmonary embolism (P = 0.045), 26% increased odds of blood transfusion (P = 0.018), and 21% increased odds of prolonged hospital stay (P = 0.011) in patients with MS compared to patients without MS. MS was not associated with 30-day mortality after elective pancreatectomy (P = 0.465). When stratified by distal versus proximal pancreatectomy and benign versus malignant disease, the effect of MS on outcomes appears to be modified by type of pancreatectomy and indication with poorer outcomes observed for distal pancreatectomies and benign indications for resection."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Blood Transfusion",
"Elective Surgical Procedures",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Length of Stay",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Metabolic Syndrome",
"Middle Aged",
"Pancreatectomy",
"Patient Selection",
"Postoperative Care",
"Postoperative Complications",
"Risk Factors"
]
} | MS is an under-emphasized predictor of increased postoperative morbidity and utilization of hospital resources in patients undergoing elective pancreatectomy. The effect of MS on these postoperative outcomes appears to be more pronounced for patients with benign rather than malignant indications for pancreatectomy and in patients undergoing distal rather than proximal pancreatectomy. These results may inform patient selection, optimization of comorbidities prior to elective pancreatectomy, and strategies for postoperative management. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is metabolic Syndrome Associated with Increased Postoperative Morbidity and Hospital Resource Utilization in Patients Undergoing Elective Pancreatectomy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['In patients undergoing elective partial pancreatectomy, our aim was to evaluate the effect of metabolic syndrome (MS) on postoperative mortality, morbidity, and utilization of hospital resources. Our hypothesis was that MS is associated with worse surgical outcomes after pancreatectomy.', 'Fifteen thousand eight hundred thirty-one patients undergoing elective pancreatectomy from 2005 to 2012 were identified in the Participant User File of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed examining the association of MS (defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2), hypertension requiring medications, and diabetes requiring medications and/or insulin) and risk of 30-day mortality, morbidity, and utilization of hospital resources (risk of blood transfusion in the first 72 h after pancreatectomy and prolonged hospital stay, defined as ≥13 days, which was the 75th percentile of this cohort). Multivariable logistic regression models controlled for age, sex, race, pancreatectomy type (distal versus proximal), smoking status, alcohol consumption, functional status, dyspnea, cardiovascular disease, hematocrit, INR, serum albumin, bilirubin, and creatinine. Stratified analyses were conducted by type of pancreatectomy and indication for pancreatectomy (benign versus malignant).', 'On univariate analysis, 1070 (6.8%) patients had MS. MS was associated with increased postoperative morbidity, major morbidity, surgical site infection, septic shock, cardiac event, respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, blood transfusion, and prolonged duration of hospital stay (P\\u2009<\\u20090.05 for all analyses). After controlling for potentially confounding variables, there was a 26% increased odds of postoperative morbidity (P\\u2009<\\u20090.001), 17% increased odds of major morbidity (P\\u2009=\\u20090.034), 32% increased odds of surgical site infection (P\\u2009<\\u20090.001), 34% increased odds of respiratory failure (P\\u2009=\\u20090.023), 68% increased odds of pulmonary embolism (P\\u2009=\\u20090.045), 26% increased odds of blood transfusion (P\\u2009=\\u20090.018), and 21% increased odds of prolonged hospital stay (P\\u2009=\\u20090.011) in patients with MS compared to patients without MS. MS was not associated with 30-day mortality after elective pancreatectomy (P\\u2009=\\u20090.465). When stratified by distal versus proximal pancreatectomy and benign versus malignant disease, the effect of MS on outcomes appears to be modified by type of pancreatectomy and indication with poorer outcomes observed for distal pancreatectomies and benign indications for resection.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Elective Surgical Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatectomy', 'Patient Selection', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,536,696 | Do [ The preliminary study of the origin characters of snore in simple snorers ]? | {
"contexts": [
"to investigate the origin characters of snore in simple snorers and provide the basis for its treatment.",
"Thirty-two simple snorers diagnosed by polysomnography were induced to sleep by propofol and dexmedetomidine, then we observed the vibration sites, pattern and concomitant collapse of soft tissue in pharyngeal cavity by nasendoscopy.",
"Thirteen cases showed palatal fluttering only, and 1 case showed vibration of epiglottis only. Six cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of epiglottis, and 2 cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of epiglottis and tongue base. Five cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of pharyngeal lateral wall, and 5 cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of lateral wall, epiglottis and tongue base together. Palate and pharyngeal lateral wall vibrated strongly and always collapsed with vibrating, but epiglottis and tongue base usually vibrated slightly and seldom collapsed."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Endoscopy",
"Epiglottis",
"Humans",
"Palate",
"Pharynx",
"Polysomnography",
"Propofol",
"Sleep",
"Sleep Apnea, Obstructive",
"Snoring",
"Tongue"
]
} | The palatal fluttering is the main source of snoring sounds for most simple snorers, then followed by vibration of palatal and pharyngeal lateral wall together. The site of collapse in pharyngeal cavity is consistent with the main site of vibration. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do [ The preliminary study of the origin characters of snore in simple snorers ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['to investigate the origin characters of snore in simple snorers and provide the basis for its treatment.', 'Thirty-two simple snorers diagnosed by polysomnography were induced to sleep by propofol and dexmedetomidine, then we observed the vibration sites, pattern and concomitant collapse of soft tissue in pharyngeal cavity by nasendoscopy.', 'Thirteen cases showed palatal fluttering only, and 1 case showed vibration of epiglottis only. Six cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of epiglottis, and 2 cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of epiglottis and tongue base. Five cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of pharyngeal lateral wall, and 5 cases showed palatal fluttering with vibration of lateral wall, epiglottis and tongue base together. Palate and pharyngeal lateral wall vibrated strongly and always collapsed with vibrating, but epiglottis and tongue base usually vibrated slightly and seldom collapsed.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Endoscopy', 'Epiglottis', 'Humans', 'Palate', 'Pharynx', 'Polysomnography', 'Propofol', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive', 'Snoring', 'Tongue']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,545,531 | Does mATERNAL AND POST-WEANING EXPOSURE TO A HIGH FAT DIET promote VISCERAL OBESITY AND HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN ADULT RATS? | {
"contexts": [
"considering the frequent consumption of fat-rich diets by women of reproductive age, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal consumption of a high-fat diet during the perinatal and/ or post-weaning period on the liver parameters and lipid metabolism of young rats.",
"Wistar female rats were fed a high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated to four groups: Control Control (CC, n = 11), offspring fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH, n = 10), offspring fed a high-fat diet after weaning; High-fat High-fat (HH, n = 10), offspring of mothers H fed a high-fat diet after weaning; and High-fat Control (HC, n = 9), offspring of mothers H fed with control diet after weaning."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aging",
"Animals",
"Diet, High-Fat",
"Fatty Liver",
"Female",
"Lactation",
"Liver",
"Liver Function Tests",
"Obesity, Abdominal",
"Pregnancy",
"Rats",
"Rats, Wistar",
"Weaning"
]
} | the food intake did not differ among the groups, however, the relative weight of the adipose tissue was higher in animals from the HC, HH and CH groups (p ≤ 0.005). Liver steatosis was found in the CH and HH animals, which also exhibited hypercholesterolemia (p ≤ 0.05). The levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in the HH group, and the LDL level was higher in the CH group compared to the CC. The consumption of an obesogenic diet during critical periods of development may contribute to the occurrence of visceral obesity, liver steatosis and hypercholesterolemia in adult rats, even in the absence of changes in dietary intake. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does mATERNAL AND POST-WEANING EXPOSURE TO A HIGH FAT DIET promote VISCERAL OBESITY AND HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN ADULT RATS?\nContext: {'contexts': ['considering the frequent consumption of fat-rich diets by women of reproductive age, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal consumption of a high-fat diet during the perinatal and/ or post-weaning period on the liver parameters and lipid metabolism of young rats.', 'Wistar female rats were fed a high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated to four groups: Control Control (CC, n = 11), offspring fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH, n = 10), offspring fed a high-fat diet after weaning; High-fat High-fat (HH, n = 10), offspring of mothers H fed a high-fat diet after weaning; and High-fat Control (HC, n = 9), offspring of mothers H fed with control diet after weaning.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS'], 'meshes': ['Aging', 'Animals', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Fatty Liver', 'Female', 'Lactation', 'Liver', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Obesity, Abdominal', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Weaning']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,542,082 | Does vagus Nerve Stimulation During Rehabilitative Training improve Forelimb Recovery After Chronic Ischemic Stroke in Rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability. Currently, there are no consistently effective rehabilitative treatments for chronic stroke patients. Our recent studies demonstrate that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitative training improves recovery of function in multiple models of stroke. Here, we evaluated the ability of VNS paired with rehabilitative training to improve recovery of forelimb strength when initiated many weeks after a cortical and subcortical ischemic lesion in subjects with stable, chronic motor deficits.",
"Rats were trained to perform an automated, quantitative measure of voluntary forelimb strength. Once proficient, rats received injections of endothelin-1 to cause a unilateral cortical and subcortical ischemic lesion. Then, 6 weeks after the lesion, rats underwent rehabilitative training paired with VNS (Paired VNS; n = 10), rehabilitative training with equivalent VNS delivered 2 hours after daily rehabilitative training (Delayed VNS; n = 10), or rehabilitative training without VNS (Rehab, n = 9).",
"VNS paired with rehabilitative training significantly improved recovery of forelimb function compared with control groups. The Paired VNS group displayed an 86% recovery of strength, the Rehab group exhibited 47% recovery, and the Delayed VNS group exhibited 42% recovery. Improvement in forelimb function was sustained in the Paired VNS group after the cessation of stimulation, potentially indicating lasting benefits. No differences in intensity of rehabilitative training, lesion size, or MAP-2 expression were observed between groups."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Analysis of Variance",
"Animals",
"Brain Ischemia",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Female",
"Isometric Contraction",
"Physical Conditioning, Animal",
"Rats",
"Rats, Sprague-Dawley",
"Recovery of Function",
"Severity of Illness Index",
"Stroke",
"Stroke Rehabilitation",
"Treatment Outcome",
"Upper Extremity",
"Vagus Nerve Stimulation"
]
} | VNS paired with rehabilitative training confers significantly greater recovery of forelimb function after chronic ischemic stroke in rats. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does vagus Nerve Stimulation During Rehabilitative Training improve Forelimb Recovery After Chronic Ischemic Stroke in Rats?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability. Currently, there are no consistently effective rehabilitative treatments for chronic stroke patients. Our recent studies demonstrate that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitative training improves recovery of function in multiple models of stroke. Here, we evaluated the ability of VNS paired with rehabilitative training to improve recovery of forelimb strength when initiated many weeks after a cortical and subcortical ischemic lesion in subjects with stable, chronic motor deficits.', 'Rats were trained to perform an automated, quantitative measure of voluntary forelimb strength. Once proficient, rats received injections of endothelin-1 to cause a unilateral cortical and subcortical ischemic lesion. Then, 6 weeks after the lesion, rats underwent rehabilitative training paired with VNS (Paired VNS; n = 10), rehabilitative training with equivalent VNS delivered 2 hours after daily rehabilitative training (Delayed VNS; n = 10), or rehabilitative training without VNS (Rehab, n = 9).', 'VNS paired with rehabilitative training significantly improved recovery of forelimb function compared with control groups. The Paired VNS group displayed an 86% recovery of strength, the Rehab group exhibited 47% recovery, and the Delayed VNS group exhibited 42% recovery. Improvement in forelimb function was sustained in the Paired VNS group after the cessation of stimulation, potentially indicating lasting benefits. No differences in intensity of rehabilitative training, lesion size, or MAP-2 expression were observed between groups.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Recovery of Function', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Upper Extremity', 'Vagus Nerve Stimulation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,535,566 | Is reorganization of Azospirillum brasilense cell membrane mediated by lipid composition adjustment to maintain optimal fluidity during water deficit? | {
"contexts": [
"We study the Azospirillum brasilense tolerance to water deficit and the dynamics of adaptive process at the level of the membrane.",
"Azospirillum brasilense was exposed to polyethylene glycol (PEG) growth and PEG shock. Tolerance, phospholipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and membrane fluidity were determined. Azospirillum brasilense was able to grow in the presence of PEG; however, its viability was reduced. Cells grown with PEG showed membrane fluidity similar to those grown without, the lipid composition was modified, increasing phosphatidylcholine and decreasing phosphatidylethanolamine amounts. The unsaturation FAs degree was reduced. The dynamics of the adaptive response revealed a decrease in fluidity 20 min after the addition of PEG, indicating that the PEG has a fluidizing effect on the hydrophobic region of the cell membrane. Fluidity returned to initial values after 60 min of PEG exposure."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Azospirillum brasilense",
"Cell Membrane",
"Fatty Acids",
"Membrane Fluidity",
"Phospholipids",
"Water"
]
} | Azospirillum brasilense is able to perceive osmotic changes by changing the membrane fluidity. This effect is offset by changes in the composition of membrane phospholipid and FA, contributing to the homeostasis of membrane fluidity under water deficit. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is reorganization of Azospirillum brasilense cell membrane mediated by lipid composition adjustment to maintain optimal fluidity during water deficit?\nContext: {'contexts': ['We study the Azospirillum brasilense tolerance to water deficit and the dynamics of adaptive process at the level of the membrane.', 'Azospirillum brasilense was exposed to polyethylene glycol (PEG) growth and PEG shock. Tolerance, phospholipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and membrane fluidity were determined. Azospirillum brasilense was able to grow in the presence of PEG; however, its viability was reduced. Cells grown with PEG showed membrane fluidity similar to those grown without, the lipid composition was modified, increasing phosphatidylcholine and decreasing phosphatidylethanolamine amounts. The unsaturation FAs degree was reduced. The dynamics of the adaptive response revealed a decrease in fluidity 20\\xa0min after the addition of PEG, indicating that the PEG has a fluidizing effect on the hydrophobic region of the cell membrane. Fluidity returned to initial values after 60\\xa0min of PEG exposure.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Azospirillum brasilense', 'Cell Membrane', 'Fatty Acids', 'Membrane Fluidity', 'Phospholipids', 'Water']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,544,583 | Is obesity associated with greater inflammation and monocyte activation among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Among virally suppressed HIV-infected persons, we examined the relationship between obesity and alterations in key clinical markers of immune activation and inflammation. These markers have also been associated with excess HIV-related cardiovascular disease and mortality.",
"We evaluated data from virally suppressed participants in the Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV/AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy, including inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin-6 and highly sensitive C-reactive protein), monocyte biomarkers [soluble CD163 (sCD163), sCD14], and monocyte immunophenotypes. We assessed associations with these immunologic measures and obesity, via logistic regression preadjustment and postadjustment for demographic and clinical factors, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and leptin levels.",
"Among 452 evaluable participants, median (interquartile range) age was 41 (36-48) years, CD4 cell count was 475 (308-697) cells/μl, and 21% were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m). In univariable models, obesity, smoking, and lower CD4 cell count were associated with higher measures of inflammation and monocyte activation. After adjustment, obesity remained independently associated with elevated levels (highest vs. lower two tertiles) of interleukin-6 [odds ratio (OR) 1.96; P = 0.02], highly sensitive C-reactive protein (OR 2.79; P < 0.001) and sCD163 (OR 1.94; P = 0.02), and elevated frequency of CD14CD16 (OR 1.77; P = 0.03) and CD14dimCD16 (OR 1.97; P = 0.01). Adjusting for homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and leptin modestly affected associations for obesity with inflammation and monocyte activation."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Anti-Retroviral Agents",
"Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active",
"Biomarkers",
"Female",
"HIV Infections",
"Humans",
"Immunophenotyping",
"Inflammation",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Monocytes",
"Obesity"
]
} | Obesity was prevalent and independently associated with greater monocyte activation and systemic inflammation. Research is needed to determine how adipose tissue excess is functionally related to persistent immunologic abnormalities among HIV-infected persons with viral suppression. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is obesity associated with greater inflammation and monocyte activation among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Among virally suppressed HIV-infected persons, we examined the relationship between obesity and alterations in key clinical markers of immune activation and inflammation. These markers have also been associated with excess HIV-related cardiovascular disease and mortality.', 'We evaluated data from virally suppressed participants in the Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV/AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy, including inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin-6 and highly sensitive C-reactive protein), monocyte biomarkers [soluble CD163 (sCD163), sCD14], and monocyte immunophenotypes. We assessed associations with these immunologic measures and obesity, via logistic regression preadjustment and postadjustment for demographic and clinical factors, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and leptin levels.', 'Among 452 evaluable participants, median (interquartile range) age was 41 (36-48) years, CD4 cell count was 475 (308-697)\\u200acells/μl, and 21% were obese (BMI ≥ 30\\u200akg/m). In univariable models, obesity, smoking, and lower CD4 cell count were associated with higher measures of inflammation and monocyte activation. After adjustment, obesity remained independently associated with elevated levels (highest vs. lower two tertiles) of interleukin-6 [odds ratio (OR) 1.96; P = 0.02], highly sensitive C-reactive protein (OR 2.79; P\\u200a<\\u200a0.001) and sCD163 (OR 1.94; P\\u200a=\\u200a0.02), and elevated frequency of CD14CD16 (OR 1.77; P\\u200a=\\u200a0.03) and CD14dimCD16 (OR 1.97; P\\u200a=\\u200a0.01). Adjusting for homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and leptin modestly affected associations for obesity with inflammation and monocyte activation.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Anti-Retroviral Agents', 'Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Obesity']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,544,628 | Does dickkopf1 Up-Regulation Induced by a High Concentration of Dexamethasone promote Rat Tendon Stem Cells to Differentiate Into Adipocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced spontaneous tendon rupture and decreased self-repair capability is very common in clinical practice. The metaplasia of adipose tissue in the ruptured tendon indicates that Dex may induce tendon stem cells (TSCs) to differentiate into adipocytes, but the mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we used in vitro methods to investigate the effects of Dex on rat TSC differentiation and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process.",
"First, we used qPCR and Western blotting to detect the expression of the adipogenic differentiation markers aP2 and C/EBPα after treating the TSCs with Dex. Oil red staining was used to confirm that high concentration Dex promoted adipogenic differentiation of rat TSCs. Next, we used qPCR and Western blotting to detect the effect of a high concentration of dexamethasone on molecules related to the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway in TSCs.",
"Treating rat TSCs with Dex promoted the synthesis of the inhibitory molecule dickkopf1 (DKK1) at the mRNA and protein levels. Western blotting results further showed that Dex downregulated the cellular signaling molecule phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (P-GSK-3 β (ser9)), upregulated P-GSK-3β (tyr216), and downregulated the pivotal signaling molecule β-catenin. Furthermore, DKK1 knockdown attenuated Dex-induced inhibition of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and of the adipogenic differentiation of TSCs. Lithium chloride (LiCl, a GSK-3β inhibitor) reduced Dex-induced inhibition of the classical WNT/β-catenin pathway in TSCs and of the differentiation of TSCs to adipocytes."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adipocytes",
"Animals",
"Anti-Inflammatory Agents",
"CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins",
"Cell Differentiation",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Dexamethasone",
"Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3",
"Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta",
"Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins",
"Lithium Chloride",
"Phosphorylation",
"RNA Interference",
"RNA, Messenger",
"RNA, Small Interfering",
"Rats",
"Stem Cells",
"Tendons",
"Up-Regulation",
"Wnt Signaling Pathway",
"beta Catenin"
]
} | In conclusion, by upregulating DKK1 expression, reducing the level of P-GSK-3β (ser9), and increasing the level of P-GSK-3β (tyr216), Dex causes the degradation of β-catenin, the central molecule of the classical WNT pathway, thereby inducing rat TSCs to differentiate into adipocytes. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does dickkopf1 Up-Regulation Induced by a High Concentration of Dexamethasone promote Rat Tendon Stem Cells to Differentiate Into Adipocytes?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced spontaneous tendon rupture and decreased self-repair capability is very common in clinical practice. The metaplasia of adipose tissue in the ruptured tendon indicates that Dex may induce tendon stem cells (TSCs) to differentiate into adipocytes, but the mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we used in vitro methods to investigate the effects of Dex on rat TSC differentiation and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process.', 'First, we used qPCR and Western blotting to detect the expression of the adipogenic differentiation markers aP2 and C/EBPα after treating the TSCs with Dex. Oil red staining was used to confirm that high concentration Dex promoted adipogenic differentiation of rat TSCs. Next, we used qPCR and Western blotting to detect the effect of a high concentration of dexamethasone on molecules related to the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway in TSCs.', 'Treating rat TSCs with Dex promoted the synthesis of the inhibitory molecule dickkopf1 (DKK1) at the mRNA and protein levels. Western blotting results further showed that Dex downregulated the cellular signaling molecule phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (P-GSK-3 β (ser9)), upregulated P-GSK-3β (tyr216), and downregulated the pivotal signaling molecule β-catenin. Furthermore, DKK1 knockdown attenuated Dex-induced inhibition of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and of the adipogenic differentiation of TSCs. Lithium chloride (LiCl, a GSK-3β inhibitor) reduced Dex-induced inhibition of the classical WNT/β-catenin pathway in TSCs and of the differentiation of TSCs to adipocytes.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adipocytes', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dexamethasone', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Lithium Chloride', 'Phosphorylation', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Rats', 'Stem Cells', 'Tendons', 'Up-Regulation', 'Wnt Signaling Pathway', 'beta Catenin']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,545,961 | Is autophagy , which decreased in labouring fetal membranes , regulates IL-1β production via the inflammasome? | {
"contexts": [
"IL-1β plays a vital role in the terminal processes of human labour and delivery. Inflammasome activation is required to process pro IL-1β to an active, secreted molecule. Recent studies have shown that autophagy regulates IL-1β via the inflammasome. The aims were to determine the effect of (i) human spontaneous term and preterm labour on the expression of autophagy proteins in fetal membranes; and (ii) autophagy inhibition on IL-1β release.",
"Fetal membranes, from term and preterm, were obtained from non-labouring and labouring women. Tissue explants were used to determine the effect of inhibition of autophagy on IL-1β secretion.",
"Expression of the autophagy proteins Beclin-1, Atg3, Atg5, Atg7, Atg12, Atg16L1 were lower after spontaneous term labour. Beclin-1 and Atg7 expression were lower after spontaneous preterm labour. Beclin-1, Atg3, and Atg7 expression were lower after preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes (PPROM) compared to preterm with intact membranes. LC3B-I expression was higher after spontaneous term and preterm labour and with PPROM; there was no difference in LC3B-II expression between the two groups. The autophagy inhibitor LY290042 increased IL-1β secretion in the presence of bacterial endotoxin LPS; IL-1β secretion was ameliorated in the presence inflammasome inhibitors."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins",
"Autophagy",
"Autophagy-Related Protein 5",
"Autophagy-Related Protein 7",
"Autophagy-Related Proteins",
"Beclin-1",
"Caspase 1",
"Extraembryonic Membranes",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Inflammasomes",
"Interleukin-1beta",
"Labor, Obstetric",
"Membrane Proteins",
"Microtubule-Associated Proteins",
"Pregnancy",
"Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes",
"Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes"
]
} | Autophagy is decreased in fetal membranes after spontaneous labour and delivery, and PPROM. Inhibition of autophagy regulates the secretion of IL-1β via inflammasome activation. IL-1β is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of spontaneous preterm birth. Therefore activation of autophagy may be a potential therapeutic mechanism to delay or prevent infection-induced preterm birth. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is autophagy , which decreased in labouring fetal membranes , regulates IL-1β production via the inflammasome?\nContext: {'contexts': ['IL-1β plays a vital role in the terminal processes of human labour and delivery. Inflammasome activation is required to process pro IL-1β to an active, secreted molecule. Recent studies have shown that autophagy regulates IL-1β via the inflammasome. The aims were to determine the effect of (i) human spontaneous term and preterm labour on the expression of autophagy proteins in fetal membranes; and (ii) autophagy inhibition on IL-1β release.', 'Fetal membranes, from term and preterm, were obtained from non-labouring and labouring women. Tissue explants were used to determine the effect of inhibition of autophagy on IL-1β secretion.', 'Expression of the autophagy proteins Beclin-1, Atg3, Atg5, Atg7, Atg12, Atg16L1 were lower after spontaneous term labour. Beclin-1 and Atg7 expression were lower after spontaneous preterm labour. Beclin-1, Atg3, and Atg7 expression were lower after preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes (PPROM) compared to preterm with intact membranes. LC3B-I expression was higher after spontaneous term and preterm labour and with PPROM; there was no difference in LC3B-II expression between the two groups. The autophagy inhibitor LY290042 increased IL-1β secretion in the presence of bacterial endotoxin LPS; IL-1β secretion was ameliorated in the presence inflammasome inhibitors.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Autophagy', 'Autophagy-Related Protein 5', 'Autophagy-Related Protein 7', 'Autophagy-Related Proteins', 'Beclin-1', 'Caspase 1', 'Extraembryonic Membranes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammasomes', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Pregnancy', 'Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes', 'Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,542,240 | Do protocol for a systematic review of quantitative burn wound microbiology in the management of burns patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Sepsis from burn injuries can result from colonisation of burn wounds, especially in large surface area burns. Reducing bacterial infection will reduce morbidity and mortality, and mortality for severe burns can be as high as 15 %. There are various quantitative and semi-quantitative techniques to monitor bacterial load on wounds. In the UK, burn wounds are typically monitored for the presence or absence of bacteria through the collection and culture of swabs, but no absolute count is obtained. Quantitative burn wound culture provides a measure of bacterial count and is gaining increased popularity in some countries. It is however more resource intensive, and evidence for its utility appears to be inconsistent. This systematic review therefore aims to assess the evidence on the utility and reliability of different quantitative microbiology techniques in terms of diagnosing or predicting clinical outcomes.",
"Standard systematic review methods aimed at minimising bias will be employed for study identification, selection and data extraction. Bibliographic databases and ongoing trial registers will be searched and conference abstracts screened. Studies will be eligible if they are prospective studies or systematic reviews of burn patients (any age) for whom quantitative microbiology has been performed, whether it is compared to another method. Quality assessment will be based on quality assessment tools for diagnostic and prognostic studies and tailored to the review as necessary. Synthesis is likely to be primarily narrative, but meta-analysis may be considered where clinical and methodological homogeneity exists."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS"
],
"meshes": [
"Bacterial Infections",
"Bacterial Load",
"Burns",
"Colony Count, Microbial",
"Humans",
"Research Design",
"Sepsis",
"Systematic Reviews as Topic"
]
} | Given the increasing use of quantitative methods, this is a timely systematic review, which will attempt to clarify the evidence base. As far as the authors are aware, it will be the first to address this topic. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do protocol for a systematic review of quantitative burn wound microbiology in the management of burns patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Sepsis from burn injuries can result from colonisation of burn wounds, especially in large surface area burns. Reducing bacterial infection will reduce morbidity and mortality, and mortality for severe burns can be as high as 15\\xa0%. There are various quantitative and semi-quantitative techniques to monitor bacterial load on wounds. In the UK, burn wounds are typically monitored for the presence or absence of bacteria through the collection and culture of swabs, but no absolute count is obtained. Quantitative burn wound culture provides a measure of bacterial count and is gaining increased popularity in some countries. It is however more resource intensive, and evidence for its utility appears to be inconsistent. This systematic review therefore aims to assess the evidence on the utility and reliability of different quantitative microbiology techniques in terms of diagnosing or predicting clinical outcomes.', 'Standard systematic review methods aimed at minimising bias will be employed for study identification, selection and data extraction. Bibliographic databases and ongoing trial registers will be searched and conference abstracts screened. Studies will be eligible if they are prospective studies or systematic reviews of burn patients (any age) for whom quantitative microbiology has been performed, whether it is compared to another method. Quality assessment will be based on quality assessment tools for diagnostic and prognostic studies and tailored to the review as necessary. Synthesis is likely to be primarily narrative, but meta-analysis may be considered where clinical and methodological homogeneity exists.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS'], 'meshes': ['Bacterial Infections', 'Bacterial Load', 'Burns', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Humans', 'Research Design', 'Sepsis', 'Systematic Reviews as Topic']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,535,138 | Are longer durations of antitumour necrosis factor treatment associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effects of treatment with antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents, methotrexate, or other non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on cardiovascular event risks among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).",
"We conducted a retrospective study using data from the MarketScan claims database. Patients with RA with ≥1 prescription for an index drug were included. Each patient's use of an index drug was calculated cumulatively as a time-varying exposure. The incidence of cardiovascular events among patients with RA was determined. Associations between drug exposures and occurrence of cardiovascular events were assessed with Cox proportional hazards models.",
"Of 113 677 patients identified, 35.8%, 41.1% and 23.1% received anti-TNF agents, methotrexate and other DMARDs, respectively. Patients were treated for an average of 7.6 months; 2138 patients (1.9%) had a cardiovascular event following their index prescription. Each additional 6 months of anti-TNF therapy use versus non-use reduced the risk (HR; 95% CI) for any cardiovascular event by 12% (0.88; 0.81 to 0.95, p=0.002). Anti-TNF therapy was associated with a 13% and 12% reduction in cardiovascular events in patients aged ≥50 years (0.87; 0.80 to 0.95, p=0.002) and in those without prior methotrexate use (0.88; 0.78 to 0.99, p=0.04), respectively. Cumulative use of 1, 2 or 3 years of anti-TNF therapy versus non-use is expected to reduce cardiovascular event risks by 21%, 38% and 51%, respectively."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Anti-TNF therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events among patients with RA, older patients with RA and patients without prior exposure to methotrexate. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are longer durations of antitumour necrosis factor treatment associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To assess the effects of treatment with antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents, methotrexate, or other non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on cardiovascular event risks among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).', \"We conducted a retrospective study using data from the MarketScan claims database. Patients with RA with ≥1 prescription for an index drug were included. Each patient's use of an index drug was calculated cumulatively as a time-varying exposure. The incidence of cardiovascular events among patients with RA was determined. Associations between drug exposures and occurrence of cardiovascular events were assessed with Cox proportional hazards models.\", 'Of 113\\u2005677 patients identified, 35.8%, 41.1% and 23.1% received anti-TNF agents, methotrexate and other DMARDs, respectively. Patients were treated for an average of 7.6\\u2005months; 2138 patients (1.9%) had a cardiovascular event following their index prescription. Each additional 6\\u2005months of anti-TNF therapy use versus non-use reduced the risk (HR; 95% CI) for any cardiovascular event by 12% (0.88; 0.81 to 0.95, p=0.002). Anti-TNF therapy was associated with a 13% and 12% reduction in cardiovascular events in patients aged ≥50\\u2005years (0.87; 0.80 to 0.95, p=0.002) and in those without prior methotrexate use (0.88; 0.78 to 0.99, p=0.04), respectively. Cumulative use of 1, 2 or 3\\u2005years of anti-TNF therapy versus non-use is expected to reduce cardiovascular event risks by 21%, 38% and 51%, respectively.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,526,395 | Do serum interferon-inducible protein 10 levels predict hepatitis B s antigen seroclearance in patients with chronic hepatitis B? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatitis B s antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance is regarded as the optimal virological end-point.",
"To investigate the dynamic changes in serum cytokine levels around the time of HBsAg seroclearance.",
"This was a case-control study. Consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who lost HBsAg were matched with those remained positive for HBsAg with same age, gender, HBeAg status and presence of cirrhosis in 1:2 ratio. Relevant serum cytokines [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-21 interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10)] were assayed at the time (Year 0) and 3 years before (Year -3) HBsAg seroclearance.",
"Seventy-one and 142 CHB patients who did and did not achieve HBsAg seroclearance were included. Mean age was 48 ± 11 years; 76% were male, 20% had positive HBeAg, 99 (46%) patients received anti-viral therapy, and mean baseline HBV DNA was 3.78 ± 2.28 log IU/mL vs. 4.36 ± 2.13 log IU/mL respectively (P = 0.05). In those who achieved HBsAg seroclearance, serum IL-15 and GM-CSF levels decreased significantly from Year -3 to Year 0 (P = 0.017 and 0.05 respectively). When compared to controls, only serum IP-10 level was significantly lower at Year 0 than at Year -3 in patients with HBsAg seroclearance. Lower serum IP-10 level at Year 0 was the only factor associated with HBsAg seroclearance. There was no correlation between serum IP-10 and HBsAg levels around the time of HBsAg seroclearance."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Cytokines",
"Female",
"Hepatitis B",
"Hepatitis B Surface Antigens",
"Hepatitis B e Antigens",
"Hepatitis B virus",
"Hepatitis B, Chronic",
"Humans",
"Interleukin-10",
"Interleukins",
"Liver Cirrhosis",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha"
]
} | Lower serum IP-10 level at Year 0 was the only factor associated with HBsAg seroclearance. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do serum interferon-inducible protein 10 levels predict hepatitis B s antigen seroclearance in patients with chronic hepatitis B?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Hepatitis B s antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance is regarded as the optimal virological end-point.', 'To investigate the dynamic changes in serum cytokine levels around the time of HBsAg seroclearance.', 'This was a case-control study. Consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who lost HBsAg were matched with those remained positive for HBsAg with same age, gender, HBeAg status and presence of cirrhosis in 1:2 ratio. Relevant serum cytokines [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-21 interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10)] were assayed at the time (Year 0) and 3 years before (Year -3) HBsAg seroclearance.', 'Seventy-one and 142 CHB patients who did and did not achieve HBsAg seroclearance were included. Mean age was 48 ± 11 years; 76% were male, 20% had positive HBeAg, 99 (46%) patients received anti-viral therapy, and mean baseline HBV DNA was 3.78 ± 2.28 log IU/mL vs. 4.36 ± 2.13 log IU/mL respectively (P = 0.05). In those who achieved HBsAg seroclearance, serum IL-15 and GM-CSF levels decreased significantly from Year -3 to Year 0 (P = 0.017 and 0.05 respectively). When compared to controls, only serum IP-10 level was significantly lower at Year 0 than at Year -3 in patients with HBsAg seroclearance. Lower serum IP-10 level at Year 0 was the only factor associated with HBsAg seroclearance. There was no correlation between serum IP-10 and HBsAg levels around the time of HBsAg seroclearance.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Hepatitis B e Antigens', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukins', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,544,579 | Does single oral dose of maraviroc prevent ex-vivo HIV infection of rectal mucosa in HIV-1 negative human volunteers? | {
"contexts": [
"Maraviroc (MVC) is a potential candidate for 'on demand' preexposure prophylaxis. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of a single oral dose of MVC to prevent ex-vivo HIV-1 infection of rectal tissue in humans.",
"Eight HIV-1-negative healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of MVC (300 or 600 mg), and two additional volunteers received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC, 300/200 mg) for 10 days. Rectal biopsies were performed prior to the ex-vivo challenge (day 0), at day 7 (4 h after MVC) or after 10 days with TDF/FTC. Rectal biopsies were infected ex-vivo, and viral inhibition and CCR5 occupancy was analyzed. MVC concentration in plasma and rectal tissue was measured just after biopsy and after viral incubation.",
"Ex-vivo rectal tissue protection with MVC was incomplete in all but two participants, whereas TDF/FTC avoided ex-vivo infection in the two controls. Median dose-normalized concentration of MVC was significantly higher in rectal tissue than in plasma (561.1 and 155.1 ng/ml, respectively). A significant loss of MVC during the virus incubation (about 60%) and a low CCR5 occupancy (approximately 45%) were detected in rectal cells."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Administration, Oral",
"Adult",
"Anti-HIV Agents",
"Biopsy",
"Cyclohexanes",
"HIV Infections",
"HIV-1",
"Healthy Volunteers",
"Humans",
"Intestinal Mucosa",
"Maraviroc",
"Models, Biological",
"Organoids",
"Treatment Failure",
"Triazoles"
]
} | An ex-vivo challenge with a single oral dose of MVC does not prevent ex-vivo infection of human rectal mucosa. The lack of prophylactic efficacy observed suggests that 'on demand' MVC preexposure prophylaxis would not prevent rectal HIV-1 transmission. | no | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does single oral dose of maraviroc prevent ex-vivo HIV infection of rectal mucosa in HIV-1 negative human volunteers?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"Maraviroc (MVC) is a potential candidate for 'on demand' preexposure prophylaxis. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of a single oral dose of MVC to prevent ex-vivo HIV-1 infection of rectal tissue in humans.\", 'Eight HIV-1-negative healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of MVC (300 or 600\\u200amg), and two additional volunteers received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC, 300/200\\u200amg) for 10 days. Rectal biopsies were performed prior to the ex-vivo challenge (day 0), at day 7 (4\\u200ah after MVC) or after 10 days with TDF/FTC. Rectal biopsies were infected ex-vivo, and viral inhibition and CCR5 occupancy was analyzed. MVC concentration in plasma and rectal tissue was measured just after biopsy and after viral incubation.', 'Ex-vivo rectal tissue protection with MVC was incomplete in all but two participants, whereas TDF/FTC avoided ex-vivo infection in the two controls. Median dose-normalized concentration of MVC was significantly higher in rectal tissue than in plasma (561.1 and 155.1\\u200ang/ml, respectively). A significant loss of MVC during the virus incubation (about 60%) and a low CCR5 occupancy (approximately 45%) were detected in rectal cells.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Biopsy', 'Cyclohexanes', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Maraviroc', 'Models, Biological', 'Organoids', 'Treatment Failure', 'Triazoles']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
]
|
26,525,964 | Are high levels of serum mannose-binding lectins associated with the severity and clinical outcomes of severe traumatic brain injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a key component of innate immunity. The expression of cortical MBL is up-regulated after clinical and experimental head trauma. This study aimed to assess the association of serum MBL levels with injury severity and long-term clinical outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (STBI).",
"Serum MBL levels were measured in 122 patients and 100 healthy controls. Multivariate analyses were used to analyze the relationship between serum MBL levels and trauma severity reflected by Glasgow Coma Scale scores as well as between serum MBL levels and 6-month mortality and unfavorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score: 1-3). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was structured to evaluate the prognostic predictive performance of serum MBL levels.",
"Compared with healthy controls, serum MBL levels of patients were markedly elevated. Using multivariate analyses, serum MBL levels were found to be associated closely with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and MBL emerged as an independent predictor for 6-month mortality and unfavorable outcome. Under ROC curve, serum MBL levels and GCS scores possessed similar prognostic predictive values."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Brain Injuries",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Mannose-Binding Lectins",
"Multivariate Analysis",
"Prognosis",
"ROC Curve",
"Trauma Severity Indices"
]
} | Increased serum level of MBL was independently associated with head trauma severity and long-term clinical outcomes of STBI. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are high levels of serum mannose-binding lectins associated with the severity and clinical outcomes of severe traumatic brain injury?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a key component of innate immunity. The expression of cortical MBL is up-regulated after clinical and experimental head trauma. This study aimed to assess the association of serum MBL levels with injury severity and long-term clinical outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (STBI).', 'Serum MBL levels were measured in 122 patients and 100 healthy controls. Multivariate analyses were used to analyze the relationship between serum MBL levels and trauma severity reflected by Glasgow Coma Scale scores as well as between serum MBL levels and 6-month mortality and unfavorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score: 1-3). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was structured to evaluate the prognostic predictive performance of serum MBL levels.', 'Compared with healthy controls, serum MBL levels of patients were markedly elevated. Using multivariate analyses, serum MBL levels were found to be associated closely with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and MBL emerged as an independent predictor for 6-month mortality and unfavorable outcome. Under ROC curve, serum MBL levels and GCS scores possessed similar prognostic predictive values.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Brain Injuries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mannose-Binding Lectins', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Prognosis', 'ROC Curve', 'Trauma Severity Indices']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,551,933 | Is functional dyspepsia associated with GNβ3 C825T and CCK-AR T/C polymorphism? | {
"contexts": [
"A polymorphism (C825T) in G-protein β polypeptide-3 (GNβ3) gene alters intracellular signal transduction, which may cause motor or sensory abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract. Cholecystokinin-A receptor (CCK-AR) gene T/C polymorphism is associated with a defective splicing of the primary transcript of CCK-AR mRNA, which may modulate satiety signal and delay gastric emptying. Therefore, we evaluated the role of these polymorphisms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) as compared with healthy controls (HC).",
"A total of 237 consecutive patients with FD (Rome III) and 250 HC were genotyped for GNβ3 C825T and CCK-AR T/C polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP).",
"Patients with FD [173 (73%) men, age: 38 ± 12 years] were comparable with HC [195 (78%) men, age: 37 ± 12 years] with respect to age and sex. Out of 237 patients, 26 (11%) had epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), 55 (23.2%) had postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), and 156 (65.8%) had EPS-PDS overlap. Among 237 patients with FD, TT genotype (associated with increased intracellular signal transduction) of GNβ3 C825T polymorphism was more common among patients than among HC [26 (11%) vs. 12 (4.8%), P=0.014; odds ratio (OR): 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-5.1]. CC (variant) genotype of CCK-AR T/C polymorphism was infrequent among patients than among HC [19 (8%) vs. 46 (18.4%), P=0.001; OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.19-0.66]. However, these polymorphisms were comparable among patients with different subtypes of FD (P=0.80 and 0.44)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Dyspepsia",
"Female",
"Gene Frequency",
"Genetic Association Studies",
"Genetic Predisposition to Disease",
"Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Odds Ratio",
"Phenotype",
"Polymorphism, Genetic",
"Protective Factors",
"Receptor, Cholecystokinin A",
"Risk Assessment",
"Risk Factors"
]
} | TT genotype of GNβ3 C825T is more common among patients with FD than among HC, suggesting that increased signal transduction associated with this genotype may be important in its pathophysiology. However, CCK-AR polymorphism is protective against FD. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is functional dyspepsia associated with GNβ3 C825T and CCK-AR T/C polymorphism?\nContext: {'contexts': ['A polymorphism (C825T) in G-protein β polypeptide-3 (GNβ3) gene alters intracellular signal transduction, which may cause motor or sensory abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract. Cholecystokinin-A receptor (CCK-AR) gene T/C polymorphism is associated with a defective splicing of the primary transcript of CCK-AR mRNA, which may modulate satiety signal and delay gastric emptying. Therefore, we evaluated the role of these polymorphisms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) as compared with healthy controls (HC).', 'A total of 237 consecutive patients with FD (Rome III) and 250 HC were genotyped for GNβ3 C825T and CCK-AR T/C polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP).', 'Patients with FD [173 (73%) men, age: 38 ± 12 years] were comparable with HC [195 (78%) men, age: 37 ± 12 years] with respect to age and sex. Out of 237 patients, 26 (11%) had epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), 55 (23.2%) had postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), and 156 (65.8%) had EPS-PDS overlap. Among 237 patients with FD, TT genotype (associated with increased intracellular signal transduction) of GNβ3 C825T polymorphism was more common among patients than among HC [26 (11%) vs. 12 (4.8%), P=0.014; odds ratio (OR): 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-5.1]. CC (variant) genotype of CCK-AR T/C polymorphism was infrequent among patients than among HC [19 (8%) vs. 46 (18.4%), P=0.001; OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.19-0.66]. However, these polymorphisms were comparable among patients with different subtypes of FD (P=0.80 and 0.44).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Dyspepsia', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Protective Factors', 'Receptor, Cholecystokinin A', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,553,398 | Is a high-fat diet associated with otitis media with effusion? | {
"contexts": [
"An association between obesity and otitis media with effusion (OME) has been previously reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary intake and OME when adjusting obesity.",
"We analyzed the differences in dietary intake between children with/without OME who were 4 through 13 years of age using data from a large population-based survey - the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey - from 2008 through 2012. Data from 4359 participants were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling.",
"The BMI category, the proportion of total calorie intake, protein intake, water intake, and Na intake (intake/recommendation), and the distribution of carbohydrate intake were not associated with OME. The distribution of fat intake was associated with OME (each 10% increase of fat calories/total calories: unadjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.331, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.016-1.744, P=0.038; age- and sex-adjusted OR=1.359, 95% CI=1.028-1.797, P=0.031; adjusted for age, sex and other factors OR=1.392, 95% CI=1.054-1.839, P=0.020). Based on BMI subgroup analysis, the distribution of fat intake was associated with OME in the healthy weight group (each 10% increase of fat calories/total calories: unadjusted OR=1.393, 95% CI=1.017-1.909, P=0.039; adjusted OR=1.470, 95% CI=1.051-2.055, P=0.024) but not in the obese group."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Body Mass Index",
"Child",
"Child, Preschool",
"Diet, High-Fat",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Nutrition Surveys",
"Obesity",
"Otitis Media with Effusion",
"Republic of Korea",
"Surveys and Questionnaires"
]
} | A high-fat diet was associated with OME and may represent a confounding factor between obesity and OME. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is a high-fat diet associated with otitis media with effusion?\nContext: {'contexts': ['An association between obesity and otitis media with effusion (OME) has been previously reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary intake and OME when adjusting obesity.', 'We analyzed the differences in dietary intake between children with/without OME who were 4 through 13 years of age using data from a large population-based survey - the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey - from 2008 through 2012. Data from 4359 participants were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling.', 'The BMI category, the proportion of total calorie intake, protein intake, water intake, and Na intake (intake/recommendation), and the distribution of carbohydrate intake were not associated with OME. The distribution of fat intake was associated with OME (each 10% increase of fat calories/total calories: unadjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.331, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.016-1.744, P=0.038; age- and sex-adjusted OR=1.359, 95% CI=1.028-1.797, P=0.031; adjusted for age, sex and other factors OR=1.392, 95% CI=1.054-1.839, P=0.020). Based on BMI subgroup analysis, the distribution of fat intake was associated with OME in the healthy weight group (each 10% increase of fat calories/total calories: unadjusted OR=1.393, 95% CI=1.017-1.909, P=0.039; adjusted OR=1.470, 95% CI=1.051-2.055, P=0.024) but not in the obese group.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Body Mass Index', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Obesity', 'Otitis Media with Effusion', 'Republic of Korea', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,540,129 | Do large deletions play a minor but essential role in congenital coagulation factor VII and X deficiencies? | {
"contexts": [
"Congenital factor VII (FVII) and factor X (FX) deficiencies belong to the group of rare bleeding disorders which may occur in separate or combined forms since both the F7 and F10 genes are located in close proximity on the distal long arm of chromosome 13 (13q34). We here present data of 192 consecutive index cases with FVII and/or FX deficiency. 10 novel and 53 recurrent sequence alterations were identified in the F7 gene and 5 novel as well as 11 recurrent in the F10 gene including one homozygous 4.35 kb deletion within F7 (c.64+430_131-6delinsTCGTAA) and three large heterozygous deletions involving both the F7 and F10 genes. One of the latter proved to be cytogenetically visible as a chromosome 13q34 deletion and associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum and psychomotor retardation."
],
"labels": [
"UNLABELLED"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Factor VII",
"Factor VII Deficiency",
"Factor X",
"Factor X Deficiency",
"Female",
"Gene Deletion",
"Genetic Predisposition to Disease",
"Germany",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Prevalence",
"Risk Factors",
"Young Adult"
]
} | Large deletions play a minor but essential role in the mutational spectrum of the F7 and F10 genes. Copy number analyses (e. g. MLPA) should be considered if sequencing cannot clarify the underlying reason of an observed coagulopathy. Of note, in cases of combined FVII/FX deficiency, a deletion of the two contiguous genes might be part of a larger chromosomal rearrangement. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do large deletions play a minor but essential role in congenital coagulation factor VII and X deficiencies?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Congenital factor VII (FVII) and factor X (FX) deficiencies belong to the group of rare bleeding disorders which may occur in separate or combined forms since both the F7 and F10 genes are located in close proximity on the distal long arm of chromosome 13 (13q34). We here present data of 192 consecutive index cases with FVII and/or FX deficiency. 10 novel and 53 recurrent sequence alterations were identified in the F7 gene and 5 novel as well as 11\\xa0recurrent in the F10 gene including one homozygous 4.35\\xa0kb deletion within F7 (c.64+430_131-6delinsTCGTAA) and three large heterozygous deletions involving both the F7 and F10 genes. One of the latter proved to be cytogenetically visible as a chromosome 13q34 deletion and associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum and psychomotor retardation.'], 'labels': ['UNLABELLED'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Factor VII', 'Factor VII Deficiency', 'Factor X', 'Factor X Deficiency', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,535,381 | Does reconstruction of the Posterolateral Corner After Sequential Sectioning restore Knee Kinematics? | {
"contexts": [
"Various surgical techniques to treat posterolateral knee instability have been described. To date, the recommended treatment is an anatomic form of reconstruction in which the 3 key structures of the posterolateral corner (PLC) are addressed: the popliteofibular ligament, the popliteus tendon, and the lateral collateral ligament.",
"The purpose of this study was to identify the role of each key structure of the PLC in kinematics of the knee and to biomechanically analyze a single-graft, fibular-based reconstruction that replicates the femoral insertions of the lateral collateral ligament and popliteus to repair the PLC. The hypothesis was that knee kinematics can be reasonably restored using a single graft with a 2-strand \"modified Larson\" technique.",
"Descriptive laboratory study.",
"Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric knees were used in this study. We conducted sequential sectioning of the popliteofibular ligament (PFL) and then subsequently the popliteal tendon (PT), the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), and the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). We then reconstructed the ACL first and then the posterolateral corner using the modified Larson technique. A surgical navigation system was used to measure varus laxity and external rotation at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° with a 9.8-N·m varus stress and 5-N·m external rotation force applied to the tibia.",
"In extension, varus laxity increased only after the sectioning of the lateral collateral ligament. At 30° of flexion, external rotation in varus and translation of the lateral tibial plateau increased after the isolated popliteofibular ligament section. From 60° to 90° of flexion, translation and mobility of the lateral plateau section increased after sectioning of the PFL. After reconstruction, we observed a restoration of external varus rotation in extension and translation of the lateral tibial plateau at 90° of flexion. This technique provided kinematics similar to the normal knee."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | The PFL has a key role between 30° and 90° of flexion, and the lateral collateral ligament plays a role in extension. Reconstruction with the modified Larson technique restores these 2 complementary stabilizers of the knee. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does reconstruction of the Posterolateral Corner After Sequential Sectioning restore Knee Kinematics?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Various surgical techniques to treat posterolateral knee instability have been described. To date, the recommended treatment is an anatomic form of reconstruction in which the 3 key structures of the posterolateral corner (PLC) are addressed: the popliteofibular ligament, the popliteus tendon, and the lateral collateral ligament.', 'The purpose of this study was to identify the role of each key structure of the PLC in kinematics of the knee and to biomechanically analyze a single-graft, fibular-based reconstruction that replicates the femoral insertions of the lateral collateral ligament and popliteus to repair the PLC. The hypothesis was that knee kinematics can be reasonably restored using a single graft with a 2-strand \"modified Larson\" technique.', 'Descriptive laboratory study.', 'Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric knees were used in this study. We conducted sequential sectioning of the popliteofibular ligament (PFL) and then subsequently the popliteal tendon (PT), the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), and the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). We then reconstructed the ACL first and then the posterolateral corner using the modified Larson technique. A surgical navigation system was used to measure varus laxity and external rotation at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° with a 9.8-N·m varus stress and 5-N·m external rotation force applied to the tibia.', 'In extension, varus laxity increased only after the sectioning of the lateral collateral ligament. At 30° of flexion, external rotation in varus and translation of the lateral tibial plateau increased after the isolated popliteofibular ligament section. From 60° to 90° of flexion, translation and mobility of the lateral plateau section increased after sectioning of the PFL. After reconstruction, we observed a restoration of external varus rotation in extension and translation of the lateral tibial plateau at 90° of flexion. This technique provided kinematics similar to the normal knee.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,528,456 | Is a Fixed Flow More Effective than Titrated Flow during Bubble Nasal CPAP for Respiratory Distress in Preterm Neonates? | {
"contexts": [
"The clinical effects of a pre-fixed flow of air-oxygen versus a flow titrated according to visible bubbling are not well understood.",
"To compare the effects of a fixed flow (5 L/min) and titrated flow (flow just enough to ensure bubbling) at different set pressures on delivered intra-prong pressure, gas exchange and clinical parameters in preterm infants on bubble CPAP for respiratory distress.",
"Preterm infants <35 weeks gestational age on bubble CPAP and <96 h of age were enrolled in this crossover study. They were subjected to 30-min periods of titrated flow and fixed flow. At the end of both epochs, gas flow rate, set pressure, FiO2, SpO2, Silverman retraction score, respiratory rate, abdominal girth, and blood gases were recorded. The delivered intra-prong pressure was measured by an electronic manometer.",
"69 recordings were made in 54 infants. For each of the set CPAP pressures (4, 5, and 6 cm H2O), the mean delivered pressure with a fixed flow of 5 L/min was higher than that delivered by the titrated flow. During the fixed flow epoch, the delivered pressure was closer to and higher than the set pressure resulting in higher PaO2 and lower PaCO2 as compared to titrated flow epoch. In the titrated flow period, the delivered pressure was consistently lower than the set pressure."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | In preterm infants on bubble CPAP with set pressures of 4-6 cm H2O, a fixed flow of 5 L/min is more effective than a flow titrated to ensure adequate visible bubbling. It achieves higher delivered pressures, better oxygenation and ventilation. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is a Fixed Flow More Effective than Titrated Flow during Bubble Nasal CPAP for Respiratory Distress in Preterm Neonates?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The clinical effects of a pre-fixed flow of air-oxygen versus a flow titrated according to visible bubbling are not well understood.', 'To compare the effects of a fixed flow (5\\u2009L/min) and titrated flow (flow just enough to ensure bubbling) at different set pressures on delivered intra-prong pressure, gas exchange and clinical parameters in preterm infants on bubble CPAP for respiratory distress.', 'Preterm infants <35 weeks gestational age on bubble CPAP and <96 h of age were enrolled in this crossover study. They were subjected to 30-min periods of titrated flow and fixed flow. At the end of both epochs, gas flow rate, set pressure, FiO2, SpO2, Silverman retraction score, respiratory rate, abdominal girth, and blood gases were recorded. The delivered intra-prong pressure was measured by an electronic manometer.', '69 recordings were made in 54 infants. For each of the set CPAP pressures (4, 5, and 6\\u2009cm H2O), the mean delivered pressure with a fixed flow of 5\\u2009L/min was higher than that delivered by the titrated flow. During the fixed flow epoch, the delivered pressure was closer to and higher than the set pressure resulting in higher PaO2 and lower PaCO2 as compared to titrated flow epoch. In the titrated flow period, the delivered pressure was consistently lower than the set pressure.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,209 | Does [ Crypotanshione reduce the expression of metadherin in DU145 prostate cancer cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of crypotanshinone (CPT) on the proliferation and apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cells as well as on the metadherin expression and the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the DU145 cells.",
"We treated DU145 prostate cancer cells with different concentrations of CPT for 24, 48, and 72 hours followed by evaluation of the proliferation and apoptosis of the cells by MTT assay and TUNEL, respectively. We determined the expressions of metadherin protein and mRNA in the DU145 cells by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively at different time points after CPT treatment. We also detected the expressions of the proteins metadherin, AKT, p-AKT, and Bcl-2 in the CPT-treated DU145 cells at 48 hours.",
"CPT significantly inhibited the proliferation of the DU145 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). After treatment with 10 µmol/L CPT for 24, 48, and 72 hours, the apoptosis rates of the DU145 cells were (29.42 ± 4.51), (55.07 ± 5.67) and (70.84 ± 4.66)%, respectively, significantly higher than (3.1 ± 2.48)% in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of metadherin was remarkably downregulated at the transcription and translation levels (P < 0.05) and the expressions of the AKT signaling pathway and the Bcl-2 protein were markedly inhibited in the DU145 cells after treated with 10 µmol/L CPT for 48 hours (P < 0.05)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Apoptosis",
"Cell Adhesion Molecules",
"Cell Line, Tumor",
"Cell Proliferation",
"Diterpenes, Abietane",
"Down-Regulation",
"Drugs, Chinese Herbal",
"Humans",
"In Situ Nick-End Labeling",
"Male",
"Neoplasm Proteins",
"Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases",
"Prostatic Neoplasms",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2",
"RNA, Messenger",
"Signal Transduction",
"Time Factors"
]
} | CPT can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cells, which may be associated with its suppression of the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by reducing the expression of metadherin in the DU145 cells. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does [ Crypotanshione reduce the expression of metadherin in DU145 prostate cancer cells ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To investigate the effects of crypotanshinone (CPT) on the proliferation and apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cells as well as on the metadherin expression and the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the DU145 cells.', 'We treated DU145 prostate cancer cells with different concentrations of CPT for 24, 48, and 72 hours followed by evaluation of the proliferation and apoptosis of the cells by MTT assay and TUNEL, respectively. We determined the expressions of metadherin protein and mRNA in the DU145 cells by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively at different time points after CPT treatment. We also detected the expressions of the proteins metadherin, AKT, p-AKT, and Bcl-2 in the CPT-treated DU145 cells at 48 hours.', 'CPT significantly inhibited the proliferation of the DU145 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). After treatment with 10 µmol/L CPT for 24, 48, and 72 hours, the apoptosis rates of the DU145 cells were (29.42 ± 4.51), (55.07 ± 5.67) and (70.84 ± 4.66)%, respectively, significantly higher than (3.1 ± 2.48)% in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of metadherin was remarkably downregulated at the transcription and translation levels (P < 0.05) and the expressions of the AKT signaling pathway and the Bcl-2 protein were markedly inhibited in the DU145 cells after treated with 10 µmol/L CPT for 48 hours (P < 0.05).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Apoptosis', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Diterpenes, Abietane', 'Down-Regulation', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Humans', 'In Situ Nick-End Labeling', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Signal Transduction', 'Time Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,593 | Does microRNA367 negatively regulate the inflammatory response of microglia by targeting IRAK4 in intracerebral hemorrhage? | {
"contexts": [
"Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces microglial activation and the release of inflammatory cytokines, leading to inflammation in the brain. IRAK4, an essential component of the MyD88-dependent pathway, activates subsets of divergent signaling pathways in inflammation.",
"In the experiment, microglia were stimulated with erythrocyte lysates, and then miR-367, IRAK4, NF-ĸB activation and downstream proinflammatory mediator production were analyzed. In addition, inflammation, brain edema, and neurological functions in ICH mice were also assessed.",
"Here, we report that ICH downregulated miR-367 expression but upregulated IRAK4 expression in primary microglia. We also demonstrate that miR-367 suppressed IRAK4 expression by directly binding its 3'-untranslated region. MiR-367 inhibited NF-ĸB activation and downstream proinflammatory mediator production. Knocking down IRAK4 in microglia significantly decreased the IRAK4 expression and inhibited the NF-ĸB activation and the downstream production of proinflammatory mediators. In addition, our results indicate that miR-367 could inhibit expression of proinflammatory cytokines, reduce brain edema, and improve neurological functions in ICH mice."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Body Water",
"Brain Chemistry",
"Brain Edema",
"Erythrocytes",
"Gene Knockdown Techniques",
"Inflammation",
"Inflammation Mediators",
"Injections, Intraventricular",
"MicroRNAs",
"Microglia",
"NF-kappa B",
"Primary Cell Culture",
"Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases",
"Rats",
"Rats, Sprague-Dawley",
"Up-Regulation"
]
} | In conclusion, our study demonstrates that miR-367/IRAK4 pathway plays an important role in microglial activation and neuroinflammation in ICH. Our finding also suggests that miR-367 might represent a potential therapeutic target for ICH. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does microRNA367 negatively regulate the inflammatory response of microglia by targeting IRAK4 in intracerebral hemorrhage?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces microglial activation and the release of inflammatory cytokines, leading to inflammation in the brain. IRAK4, an essential component of the MyD88-dependent pathway, activates subsets of divergent signaling pathways in inflammation.', 'In the experiment, microglia were stimulated with erythrocyte lysates, and then miR-367, IRAK4, NF-ĸB activation and downstream proinflammatory mediator production were analyzed. In addition, inflammation, brain edema, and neurological functions in ICH mice were also assessed.', \"Here, we report that ICH downregulated miR-367 expression but upregulated IRAK4 expression in primary microglia. We also demonstrate that miR-367 suppressed IRAK4 expression by directly binding its 3'-untranslated region. MiR-367 inhibited NF-ĸB activation and downstream proinflammatory mediator production. Knocking down IRAK4 in microglia significantly decreased the IRAK4 expression and inhibited the NF-ĸB activation and the downstream production of proinflammatory mediators. In addition, our results indicate that miR-367 could inhibit expression of proinflammatory cytokines, reduce brain edema, and improve neurological functions in ICH mice.\"], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Body Water', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Brain Edema', 'Erythrocytes', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Inflammation', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'MicroRNAs', 'Microglia', 'NF-kappa B', 'Primary Cell Culture', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Up-Regulation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,553,053 | Is percutaneous biliary drainage oncologically inferior to endoscopic drainage : a propensity score matching analysis in resectable distal cholangiocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to evaluate whether percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) increases the incidence of seeding metastasis and shortens postoperative survival compared with endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD).",
"A total of 376 patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy following either PTBD (n = 189) or EBD (n = 187) at 30 hospitals between 2001 and 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Seeding metastasis was defined as peritoneal/pleural dissemination and PTBD sinus tract recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analyses followed by propensity score matching analysis were performed to adjust the data for the baseline characteristics between the two groups.",
"The overall survival of the PTBD group was significantly shorter than that of the EBD group (34.2 % vs 48.8 % at 5 years; P = 0.003); multivariate analysis showed that the type of biliary drainage was an independent predictor of survival (P = 0.036) and seeding metastasis (P = 0.001). After two new cohorts with 82 patients each has been generated after 1:1 propensity score matching, the overall survival rate in the PTBD group was significantly less than that in the EBD group (34.7 % vs 52.5 % at 5 years, P = 0.017). The estimated recurrence rate of seeding metastasis was significantly higher in the PTBD group than in the EBD group (30.7 % vs 10.7 % at 5 years, P = 0.006), whereas the recurrence rates at other sites were similar between the two groups (P = 0.579)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Bile Duct Neoplasms",
"Cholangiocarcinoma",
"Drainage",
"Endoscopy",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoplasm Seeding",
"Pancreaticoduodenectomy",
"Propensity Score",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Survival Rate",
"Treatment Outcome"
]
} | Compared with EBD, PTBD increases the incidence of seeding metastasis after resection for distal cholangiocarcinoma and shortens postoperative survival. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is percutaneous biliary drainage oncologically inferior to endoscopic drainage : a propensity score matching analysis in resectable distal cholangiocarcinoma?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The aim of this study was to evaluate whether percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) increases the incidence of seeding metastasis and shortens postoperative survival compared with endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD).', 'A total of 376 patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy following either PTBD (n\\xa0=\\xa0189) or EBD (n\\xa0=\\xa0187) at 30 hospitals between 2001 and 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Seeding metastasis was defined as peritoneal/pleural dissemination and PTBD sinus tract recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analyses followed by propensity score matching analysis were performed to adjust the data for the baseline characteristics between the two groups.', 'The overall survival of the PTBD group was significantly shorter than that of the EBD group (34.2\\xa0% vs 48.8\\xa0% at 5\\xa0years; P\\xa0=\\xa00.003); multivariate analysis showed that the type of biliary drainage was an independent predictor of survival (P\\xa0=\\xa00.036) and seeding metastasis (P\\xa0=\\xa00.001). After two new cohorts with 82 patients each has been generated after 1:1 propensity score matching, the overall survival rate in the PTBD group was significantly less than that in the EBD group (34.7\\xa0% vs 52.5\\xa0% at 5\\xa0years, P\\xa0=\\xa00.017). The estimated recurrence rate of seeding metastasis was significantly higher in the PTBD group than in the EBD group (30.7\\xa0% vs 10.7\\xa0% at 5\\xa0years, P\\xa0=\\xa00.006), whereas the recurrence rates at other sites were similar between the two groups (P\\xa0=\\xa00.579).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bile Duct Neoplasms', 'Cholangiocarcinoma', 'Drainage', 'Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Seeding', 'Pancreaticoduodenectomy', 'Propensity Score', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,553,485 | Does risk factors for severe injury following indoor and outdoor fall in geriatric patients? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was performed to examine the characteristics of indoor and outdoor falls in older patients and the factors related to severe injury in the emergency department (ED).",
"In total, 26,515 patients fell indoors and 19,581 outdoors. The general and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups and factors associated with severe injury following the falls were evaluated.",
"Younger males fell more frequently outdoors than indoors. The common activities during outdoor falls were sports and leisure activities. Environmental hazards lead to more outdoor falls than indoor falls. Factors associated with severe injury after indoor falls were transport to the ED by public ambulance or from another medical facility rather than individual transportation, fall from stairs rather than fell over, and a head and neck injury rather than a lower extremity injury. Factors related to severe injury after outdoor falls were male sex, transport to the ED by public ambulance or from another medical facility or by another method rather than individual transportation, state employed, fall from stairs rather than fell over, head and neck or thorax or abdomen injury rather than a lower extremity injury."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Accidental Falls",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Emergency Medical Services",
"Emergency Service, Hospital",
"Environment",
"Female",
"Geriatric Assessment",
"Humans",
"Leisure Activities",
"Male",
"Risk Factors",
"Wounds and Injuries"
]
} | Transport to the ED by public ambulance or from another medical facility, and head and neck injury were risks for severe injury following indoor and outdoor falls in elderly subjects. Efforts to identify the risk factors for severe injury and for falling itself are important to prevent and reduce fall injuries in elderly subjects. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does risk factors for severe injury following indoor and outdoor fall in geriatric patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['This study was performed to examine the characteristics of indoor and outdoor falls in older patients and the factors related to severe injury in the emergency department (ED).', 'In total, 26,515 patients fell indoors and 19,581 outdoors. The general and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups and factors associated with severe injury following the falls were evaluated.', 'Younger males fell more frequently outdoors than indoors. The common activities during outdoor falls were sports and leisure activities. Environmental hazards lead to more outdoor falls than indoor falls. Factors associated with severe injury after indoor falls were transport to the ED by public ambulance or from another medical facility rather than individual transportation, fall from stairs rather than fell over, and a head and neck injury rather than a lower extremity injury. Factors related to severe injury after outdoor falls were male sex, transport to the ED by public ambulance or from another medical facility or by another method rather than individual transportation, state employed, fall from stairs rather than fell over, head and neck or thorax or abdomen injury rather than a lower extremity injury.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Accidental Falls', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Environment', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Leisure Activities', 'Male', 'Risk Factors', 'Wounds and Injuries']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,553,484 | Is visual impairment , but not hearing impairment , independently associated with lower subjective well-being among individuals over 95 years of age : A population-based study? | {
"contexts": [
"Sensory impairment affects an increasing number of elderly adults, with a negative psychological impact. Our objective was to examine the associations of visual and hearing impairment with subjective well-being (SWB), an important psychological concept defined by life satisfaction [LS], positive affect [PA], negative affect [NA], and affect balance [AB] among long-lived individuals (LLIs) over 95 years of age.",
"Data on 442 LLIs from the Rugao longevity cohort, a population-based study in Rugao, China, were analyzed. Graded classifications of visual and hearing impairment (none, mild, moderate, and severe) were constructed from self-reported items. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed to test the associations.",
"Approximately 66.1% and 87.3% of the subjects reported varying degrees of visual and hearing impairment. Following the degree of vision impairment, LS, PA, and AB decreased linearly, whereas NA increased linearly (all p for trend<0.05). Vision was significantly related to LS (r=0.238, p<0.001), PA (r=0.142, p<0.01), NA (r=-0.157, p<0.001), and AB (r=0.206, p<0.001). After adjustment for multiple variables including functional ability, an important factor of SWB, the associations of vision impairment with LS, NA, and AB, while diminished, still existed."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Activities of Daily Living",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Asian Continental Ancestry Group",
"China",
"Female",
"Hearing Loss",
"Humans",
"Longevity",
"Male",
"Population Surveillance",
"Quality of Life",
"Vision Disorders",
"Vision, Low"
]
} | Visual impairment, but not hearing impairment, was independently associated with low SWB among LLIs, and functional ability may play a mediating role in the observed relationship. The findings indicate that rehabilitation targeted for those with reduced vision and functioning in long-lived populations may be important for promoting well-being and quality of life. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is visual impairment , but not hearing impairment , independently associated with lower subjective well-being among individuals over 95 years of age : A population-based study?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Sensory impairment affects an increasing number of elderly adults, with a negative psychological impact. Our objective was to examine the associations of visual and hearing impairment with subjective well-being (SWB), an important psychological concept defined by life satisfaction [LS], positive affect [PA], negative affect [NA], and affect balance [AB] among long-lived individuals (LLIs) over 95 years of age.', 'Data on 442 LLIs from the Rugao longevity cohort, a population-based study in Rugao, China, were analyzed. Graded classifications of visual and hearing impairment (none, mild, moderate, and severe) were constructed from self-reported items. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed to test the associations.', 'Approximately 66.1% and 87.3% of the subjects reported varying degrees of visual and hearing impairment. Following the degree of vision impairment, LS, PA, and AB decreased linearly, whereas NA increased linearly (all p for trend<0.05). Vision was significantly related to LS (r=0.238, p<0.001), PA (r=0.142, p<0.01), NA (r=-0.157, p<0.001), and AB (r=0.206, p<0.001). After adjustment for multiple variables including functional ability, an important factor of SWB, the associations of vision impairment with LS, NA, and AB, while diminished, still existed.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'China', 'Female', 'Hearing Loss', 'Humans', 'Longevity', 'Male', 'Population Surveillance', 'Quality of Life', 'Vision Disorders', 'Vision, Low']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,537,975 | Are adolescent Intermittent Alcohol Exposure : Dysregulation of Thrombospondins and Synapse Formation Associated with Decreased Neuronal Density in the Adult Hippocampus? | {
"contexts": [
"Adolescent intermittent alcohol exposure (AIE) has profound effects on neuronal function. We have previously shown that AIE causes aberrant hippocampal structure and function that persists into adulthood. However, the possible contributions of astrocytes and their signaling factors remain largely unexplored. We investigated the acute and enduring effects of AIE on astrocytic reactivity and signaling on synaptic expression in the hippocampus, including the impact of the thrombospondin (TSP) family of astrocyte-secreted synaptogenic factors and their neuronal receptor, alpha2delta-1 (α2δ-1). Our hypothesis is that some of the influences of AIE on neuronal function may be secondary to direct effects on astrocytes.",
"We conducted Western blot analysis on TSPs 1 to 4 and α2δ-1 from whole hippocampal lysates 24 hours after the 4th and 10th doses of AIE, then 24 days after the last dose (in adulthood). We used immunohistochemistry to assess astrocyte reactivity (i.e., morphology) and synaptogenesis (i.e., colocalization of pre- and postsynaptic puncta).",
"Adolescent AIE reduced α2δ-1 expression, and colocalized pre- and postsynaptic puncta after the fourth ethanol (EtOH) dose. By the 10th dose, increased TSP2 levels were accompanied by an increase in colocalized pre- and postsynaptic puncta, while α2δ-1 returned to control levels. Twenty-four days after the last EtOH dose (i.e., adulthood), TSP2, TSP4, and α2δ-1 expression were all elevated. Astrocyte reactivity, indicated by increased astrocytic volume and area, was also observed at that time."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Age Factors",
"Animals",
"Ethanol",
"Hippocampus",
"Male",
"Neurogenesis",
"Neurons",
"Rats",
"Rats, Sprague-Dawley",
"Synapses",
"Thrombospondins"
]
} | Repeated EtOH exposure during adolescence results in long-term changes in specific astrocyte signaling proteins and their neuronal synaptogenic receptor. Continued signaling by these traditionally developmental factors in adulthood may represent a compensatory mechanism whereby astrocytes reopen the synaptogenic window and repair lost connectivity, and consequently contribute to the enduring maladaptive structural and functional abnormalities previously observed in the hippocampus after AIE. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are adolescent Intermittent Alcohol Exposure : Dysregulation of Thrombospondins and Synapse Formation Associated with Decreased Neuronal Density in the Adult Hippocampus?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Adolescent intermittent alcohol exposure (AIE) has profound effects on neuronal function. We have previously shown that AIE causes aberrant hippocampal structure and function that persists into adulthood. However, the possible contributions of astrocytes and their signaling factors remain largely unexplored. We investigated the acute and enduring effects of AIE on astrocytic reactivity and signaling on synaptic expression in the hippocampus, including the impact of the thrombospondin (TSP) family of astrocyte-secreted synaptogenic factors and their neuronal receptor, alpha2delta-1 (α2δ-1). Our hypothesis is that some of the influences of AIE on neuronal function may be secondary to direct effects on astrocytes.', 'We conducted Western blot analysis on TSPs 1 to 4 and α2δ-1 from whole hippocampal lysates 24 hours after the 4th and 10th doses of AIE, then 24 days after the last dose (in adulthood). We used immunohistochemistry to assess astrocyte reactivity (i.e., morphology) and synaptogenesis (i.e., colocalization of pre- and postsynaptic puncta).', 'Adolescent AIE reduced α2δ-1 expression, and colocalized pre- and postsynaptic puncta after the fourth ethanol (EtOH) dose. By the 10th dose, increased TSP2 levels were accompanied by an increase in colocalized pre- and postsynaptic puncta, while α2δ-1 returned to control levels. Twenty-four days after the last EtOH dose (i.e., adulthood), TSP2, TSP4, and α2δ-1 expression were all elevated. Astrocyte reactivity, indicated by increased astrocytic volume and area, was also observed at that time.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Ethanol', 'Hippocampus', 'Male', 'Neurogenesis', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Synapses', 'Thrombospondins']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,552,460 | Is obstructive sleep apnea with excessive daytime sleepiness associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease regardless of visceral fat? | {
"contexts": [
"Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but it remains unclear whether the risk of NAFLD is independently related to OSA regardless of visceral obesity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine whether OSA alone or in combination with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or short sleep duration was associated with NAFLD independent of visceral fat in Korean adults.",
"A total of 621 participants were selected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). The abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) and hepatic fat components of the participants were assessed using computed tomography scans and they were then categorized into four groups depending on the presence of OSA and EDS.",
"The proportions of NAFLD were 21.1%, 18.5%, 32.4%, and 46.7% in participants without OSA/EDS, with only EDS, with only OSA, and with both OSA and EDS, respectively. A combination of OSA and EDS increased the odds ratio (OR) for developing NAFLD (OR, 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21 to 6.28) compared to those without OSA/EDS, and this association remained significant (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.01 to 5.59) even after adjusting for VFA. In short sleepers (< 5 hours) with OSA, the adjusted OR for NAFLD was 2.50 (95% CI, 1.08 to 5.75) compared to those sleeping longer than 5 hours without OSA."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adiposity",
"Aged",
"Asian Continental Ancestry Group",
"Chi-Square Distribution",
"Disorders of Excessive Somnolence",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Intra-Abdominal Fat",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Multivariate Analysis",
"Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease",
"Obesity, Abdominal",
"Odds Ratio",
"Republic of Korea",
"Risk Factors",
"Sleep",
"Sleep Apnea, Obstructive"
]
} | In the present study, OSA was closely associated with NAFLD in Korean adults. This association was particularly strong in those with EDS or short sleep duration regardless of VFA. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is obstructive sleep apnea with excessive daytime sleepiness associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease regardless of visceral fat?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but it remains unclear whether the risk of NAFLD is independently related to OSA regardless of visceral obesity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine whether OSA alone or in combination with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or short sleep duration was associated with NAFLD independent of visceral fat in Korean adults.', 'A total of 621 participants were selected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). The abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) and hepatic fat components of the participants were assessed using computed tomography scans and they were then categorized into four groups depending on the presence of OSA and EDS.', 'The proportions of NAFLD were 21.1%, 18.5%, 32.4%, and 46.7% in participants without OSA/EDS, with only EDS, with only OSA, and with both OSA and EDS, respectively. A combination of OSA and EDS increased the odds ratio (OR) for developing NAFLD (OR, 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21 to 6.28) compared to those without OSA/EDS, and this association remained significant (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.01 to 5.59) even after adjusting for VFA. In short sleepers (< 5 hours) with OSA, the adjusted OR for NAFLD was 2.50 (95% CI, 1.08 to 5.75) compared to those sleeping longer than 5 hours without OSA.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adiposity', 'Aged', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Disorders of Excessive Somnolence', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intra-Abdominal Fat', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'Obesity, Abdominal', 'Odds Ratio', 'Republic of Korea', 'Risk Factors', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,526,974 | Does tobacco Use be Associated With Increased Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction? | {
"contexts": [
"The use of tobacco is a well-established cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. There have been few studies examining the effect of tobacco use on outcomes and complications after arthroscopic knee procedures such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.",
"To investigate the relationship between tobacco use and rates of postoperative infection, venous thromboembolism (VTE), arthrofibrosis, and subsequent ACL reconstruction after primary ACL reconstruction.",
"Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.",
"A national insurance database was queried for patients who underwent arthroscopic-assisted ACL reconstruction using Current Procedural Terminology code 29888. Patients underage for tobacco use in all regions of the United States (age <20 years), those with prior ACL reconstruction, and those with the following concomitant procedures were excluded: open cruciate or collateral ligament reconstruction, open or arthroscopic cartilage procedures, patellar stabilization, extra-articular ligamentous reconstruction, and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Tobacco use and non-tobacco use cohorts were queried using International Classification of Diseases-9th Revision coding. The non-tobacco use patients were then matched to the patients with coded tobacco use by age, sex, obesity, diabetes, meniscal repair, and meniscectomy. Complications within 90 days postoperatively were assessed for both cohorts, including infection, VTE, arthrofibrosis, and subsequent ipsilateral or contralateral ACL reconstruction after the index procedure.",
"A total of 13,358 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction met inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 1659 patients with documented tobacco use and 11,699 matched controls. The incidence of infection was significantly higher in patients who use tobacco (2.0%) versus matched controls (0.9%; odds ratio [OR], 2.3; P < .0001). The rate of VTE was also significantly higher in patients who use tobacco (1.0%) compared with matched controls (0.5%; OR, 1.9; P = .035). The rate of subsequent ACL reconstruction was significantly higher in the tobacco use cohort (12.6%) compared with matched controls (7.8%; OR, 1.7; P < .0001). There was no significant difference in the rate of postoperative stiffness after ACL reconstruction between patients who use tobacco (2.0%) and matched controls (2.3%; OR, 0.9; P = .656)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament",
"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction",
"Cohort Studies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Incidence",
"Infection",
"Joint Diseases",
"Knee Joint",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Odds Ratio",
"Postoperative Complications",
"Reoperation",
"Smoking",
"Tobacco Use",
"United States",
"Venous Thrombosis",
"Young Adult"
]
} | ACL reconstruction in patients who use tobacco is associated with significantly increased rates of infection, VTE, and subsequent ACL reconstruction compared with controls. There was no association between tobacco use and postoperative arthrofibrosis after primary ACL reconstruction. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does tobacco Use be Associated With Increased Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The use of tobacco is a well-established cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. There have been few studies examining the effect of tobacco use on outcomes and complications after arthroscopic knee procedures such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.', 'To investigate the relationship between tobacco use and rates of postoperative infection, venous thromboembolism (VTE), arthrofibrosis, and subsequent ACL reconstruction after primary ACL reconstruction.', 'Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.', 'A national insurance database was queried for patients who underwent arthroscopic-assisted ACL reconstruction using Current Procedural Terminology code 29888. Patients underage for tobacco use in all regions of the United States (age <20 years), those with prior ACL reconstruction, and those with the following concomitant procedures were excluded: open cruciate or collateral ligament reconstruction, open or arthroscopic cartilage procedures, patellar stabilization, extra-articular ligamentous reconstruction, and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Tobacco use and non-tobacco use cohorts were queried using International Classification of Diseases-9th Revision coding. The non-tobacco use patients were then matched to the patients with coded tobacco use by age, sex, obesity, diabetes, meniscal repair, and meniscectomy. Complications within 90 days postoperatively were assessed for both cohorts, including infection, VTE, arthrofibrosis, and subsequent ipsilateral or contralateral ACL reconstruction after the index procedure.', 'A total of 13,358 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction met inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 1659 patients with documented tobacco use and 11,699 matched controls. The incidence of infection was significantly higher in patients who use tobacco (2.0%) versus matched controls (0.9%; odds ratio [OR], 2.3; P < .0001). The rate of VTE was also significantly higher in patients who use tobacco (1.0%) compared with matched controls (0.5%; OR, 1.9; P = .035). The rate of subsequent ACL reconstruction was significantly higher in the tobacco use cohort (12.6%) compared with matched controls (7.8%; OR, 1.7; P < .0001). There was no significant difference in the rate of postoperative stiffness after ACL reconstruction between patients who use tobacco (2.0%) and matched controls (2.3%; OR, 0.9; P = .656).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infection', 'Joint Diseases', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reoperation', 'Smoking', 'Tobacco Use', 'United States', 'Venous Thrombosis', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,549,756 | Do chemostat culture systems support diverse bacteriophage communities from human feces? | {
"contexts": [
"Most human microbiota studies focus on bacteria inhabiting body surfaces, but these surfaces also are home to large populations of viruses. Many are bacteriophages, and their role in driving bacterial diversity is difficult to decipher without the use of in vitro ecosystems that can reproduce human microbial communities.",
"We used chemostat culture systems known to harbor diverse fecal bacteria to decipher whether these cultures also are home to phage communities. We found that there are vast viral communities inhabiting these ecosystems, with estimated concentrations similar to those found in human feces. The viral communities are composed entirely of bacteriophages and likely contain both temperate and lytic phages based on their similarities to other known phages. We examined the cultured phage communities at five separate time points over 24 days and found that they were highly individual-specific, suggesting that much of the subject-specificity found in human viromes also is captured by this culture-based system. A high proportion of the community membership is conserved over time, but the cultured communities maintain more similarity with other intra-subject cultures than they do to human feces. In four of the five subjects, estimated viral diversity between fecal and cultured communities was highly similar."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Bacteria",
"Bacteriophages",
"Biodiversity",
"Feces",
"Genome, Viral",
"Humans",
"Microbiota",
"Open Reading Frames"
]
} | Because the diversity of phages in these cultured fecal communities have similarities to those found in humans, we believe these communities can serve as valuable ecosystems to help uncover the role of phages in human microbial communities. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do chemostat culture systems support diverse bacteriophage communities from human feces?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Most human microbiota studies focus on bacteria inhabiting body surfaces, but these surfaces also are home to large populations of viruses. Many are bacteriophages, and their role in driving bacterial diversity is difficult to decipher without the use of in vitro ecosystems that can reproduce human microbial communities.', 'We used chemostat culture systems known to harbor diverse fecal bacteria to decipher whether these cultures also are home to phage communities. We found that there are vast viral communities inhabiting these ecosystems, with estimated concentrations similar to those found in human feces. The viral communities are composed entirely of bacteriophages and likely contain both temperate and lytic phages based on their similarities to other known phages. We examined the cultured phage communities at five separate time points over 24\\xa0days and found that they were highly individual-specific, suggesting that much of the subject-specificity found in human viromes also is captured by this culture-based system. A high proportion of the community membership is conserved over time, but the cultured communities maintain more similarity with other intra-subject cultures than they do to human feces. In four of the five subjects, estimated viral diversity between fecal and cultured communities was highly similar.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Bacteria', 'Bacteriophages', 'Biodiversity', 'Feces', 'Genome, Viral', 'Humans', 'Microbiota', 'Open Reading Frames']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,536,866 | Does mammalian prion protein ( PrP ) form conformationally different amyloid intracellular aggregates in bacteria? | {
"contexts": [
"An increasing number of proteins are being shown to assemble into amyloid structures that lead to pathological states. Among them, mammalian prions outstand due to their ability to transmit the pathogenic conformation, becoming thus infectious. The structural conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)), into its misfolded pathogenic form (PrP(Sc)) is the central event of prion-driven pathologies. The study of the structural properties of intracellular amyloid aggregates in general and of prion-like ones in particular is a challenging task. In this context, the evidence that the inclusion bodies formed by amyloid proteins in bacteria display amyloid-like structural and functional properties make them a privileged system to model intracellular amyloid aggregation.",
"Here we provide the first demonstration that recombinant murine PrP and its C-terminal domain (90-231) attain amyloid conformations inside bacteria. Moreover, the inclusions formed by these two PrP proteins display conformational diversity, since they differ in fibril morphology, binding affinity to amyloid dyes, stability, resistance to proteinase K digestion and neurotoxicity."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Amyloid",
"Animals",
"Bacteria",
"Endopeptidase K",
"Escherichia coli",
"Inclusion Bodies",
"Mice",
"Microscopy, Electron, Transmission",
"Prions",
"Protein Binding",
"Protein Folding",
"Protein Structure, Secondary",
"Protein Structure, Tertiary",
"Recombinant Proteins",
"Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared",
"Thiazoles"
]
} | Overall, our results suggest that modelling PrP amyloid formation in microbial cell factories might open an avenue for a better understanding of the structural features modulating the pathogenic impact of this intriguing protein. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does mammalian prion protein ( PrP ) form conformationally different amyloid intracellular aggregates in bacteria?\nContext: {'contexts': ['An increasing number of proteins are being shown to assemble into amyloid structures that lead to pathological states. Among them, mammalian prions outstand due to their ability to transmit the pathogenic conformation, becoming thus infectious. The structural conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)), into its misfolded pathogenic form (PrP(Sc)) is the central event of prion-driven pathologies. The study of the structural properties of intracellular amyloid aggregates in general and of prion-like ones in particular is a challenging task. In this context, the evidence that the inclusion bodies formed by amyloid proteins in bacteria display amyloid-like structural and functional properties make them a privileged system to model intracellular amyloid aggregation.', 'Here we provide the first demonstration that recombinant murine PrP and its C-terminal domain (90-231) attain amyloid conformations inside bacteria. Moreover, the inclusions formed by these two PrP proteins display conformational diversity, since they differ in fibril morphology, binding affinity to amyloid dyes, stability, resistance to proteinase K digestion and neurotoxicity.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Amyloid', 'Animals', 'Bacteria', 'Endopeptidase K', 'Escherichia coli', 'Inclusion Bodies', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Prions', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Thiazoles']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,543,611 | Does the BCL11A-XL expression predict relapse in squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The B cell leukemia 11A (BCL11A) gene was identified as a proto-oncogene in hematopoietic cell malignancies and breast cancer. Alternative RNA splicing generates three main transcripts designated as Extra-long (XL; 5.9 kb/125 kD), Long (L; 3.8 kb/100 kD) and Short (S; 2.4 kb/35 kD). Our previous study results demonstrated that BCL11A expression levels were specifically upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues, especially in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and large cell carcinoma (LCC).",
"In this study, we detected the BCL11A protein isoforms with immunohistochemistry (IHC) method in NSCLC with in a cohort (n=40) of BCL11A overexpression NSCLC patients. All 40 cases were BCL11A overexpression including 27 SCCs, 8 LCCs and 5 adenocarcinomas (ACs). Relationship between BCL11A isoforms and the clinicopathological parameters were also analyzed.",
"Compare to the BCL11A-L and S isoforms, the BCL11A-XL isoform was specifically expressed in SCC and LCC (P=0.006). There were 19 (19/40, 47.5%) cases positive for BCL11A-XL expression, SCC accounted for 63.2% (12/19) and LCC accounted for 36.8% (7/19). The survival analysis indicated that BCL11A-XL expression was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) [hazards ratio (HR) 0.246; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.065-0.939, P=0.040] but not for overall survival (OS) in patients with SCC and LCC."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Our results demonstrated that the BCL11A-XL isoform might be a potential prognostic biomarker of SCC and LCC. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does the BCL11A-XL expression predict relapse in squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The B cell leukemia 11A (BCL11A) gene was identified as a proto-oncogene in hematopoietic cell malignancies and breast cancer. Alternative RNA splicing generates three main transcripts designated as Extra-long (XL; 5.9 kb/125 kD), Long (L; 3.8 kb/100 kD) and Short (S; 2.4 kb/35 kD). Our previous study results demonstrated that BCL11A expression levels were specifically upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues, especially in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and large cell carcinoma (LCC).', 'In this study, we detected the BCL11A protein isoforms with immunohistochemistry (IHC) method in NSCLC with in a cohort (n=40) of BCL11A overexpression NSCLC patients. All 40 cases were BCL11A overexpression including 27 SCCs, 8 LCCs and 5 adenocarcinomas (ACs). Relationship between BCL11A isoforms and the clinicopathological parameters were also analyzed.', 'Compare to the BCL11A-L and S isoforms, the BCL11A-XL isoform was specifically expressed in SCC and LCC (P=0.006). There were 19 (19/40, 47.5%) cases positive for BCL11A-XL expression, SCC accounted for 63.2% (12/19) and LCC accounted for 36.8% (7/19). The survival analysis indicated that BCL11A-XL expression was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) [hazards ratio (HR) 0.246; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.065-0.939, P=0.040] but not for overall survival (OS) in patients with SCC and LCC.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,543,610 | Does analysis of pulmonary function test result in a health check-up population? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the incidences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease and their risk factors in a health check-up population, with an attempt to inform the early diagnosis and treatment of COPD.",
"Subjects who aged 20 years and older and received health check-up in the Health Management Center, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from June 2013 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study. The results of detection and survey for COPD, obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease were analyzed.",
"Among 6,811 subjects enrolled in this study, the detection rate of COPD, obstructive ventilator dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease was 0.8%, 2.6%, and 4.0%, respectively, which showed a positive correlation with male gender, age, and smoking index."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
} | Health check-up is an important approach for screening COPD, obstructive ventilator dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease. Smoking cessation and controlling of relevant risk factors are helpful to lower the incidences of these conditions. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does analysis of pulmonary function test result in a health check-up population?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To explore the incidences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease and their risk factors in a health check-up population, with an attempt to inform the early diagnosis and treatment of COPD.', 'Subjects who aged 20 years and older and received health check-up in the Health Management Center, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from June 2013 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study. The results of detection and survey for COPD, obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease were analyzed.', 'Among 6,811 subjects enrolled in this study, the detection rate of COPD, obstructive ventilator dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease was 0.8%, 2.6%, and 4.0%, respectively, which showed a positive correlation with male gender, age, and smoking index.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,547,717 | Does notochord manipulation impact oesophageal and tracheal formation from isolated foregut in 3D explant culture? | {
"contexts": [
"Tracheo-oesophageal malformations result from disturbed foregut separation during early development. The notochord, a specialised embryonic structure, forms immediately adjacent to the dividing foregut. In the Adriamycin mouse model of oesophageal atresia, foregut and notochord abnormalities co-exist, and the site and severity of foregut malformations closely correlate to the position and extent of the notochord defects. Notochord and foregut abnormalities also co-exist in the Noggin Knockout mouse as well in a small number of human cases. The notochord is a source of powerful molecular signals during early embryogenesis, being particularly important for neural crest development. The influence of notochord signaling on the adjacent foregut is not known. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of notochord manipulation on foregut separation using a robust 3D explant method for culturing isolated foregut which permits oeosphageal and tracheal formation in vitro.",
"Foregut was micro-dissected from embryonic day 9 mice (License B100/4447 Irish Medicines Board), embedded in collagen and cultured for 48 h with native notochord intact (n = 6), notochord removed (n = 10) or additional notochord transplanted from stage matched controls (n = 8). Specimens were analysed for foregut morphology and molecular patterning using immunohistochemistry for Hnf3b (an endoderm marker) and Sox2 (a notochord and oesophageal marker) on cryosections.",
"Foregut separation into distinct oesophagus and trachea was observed in isolated foregut specimens with or without their native notochord. In specimens with additional notochord transplants, foregut morphology and molecular patterning were comparable to controls whether or not the native notochord was maintained. In particular foregut separation was not disrupted by the transplantation of additional notochord at the dorsal foregut endoderm."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Esophagus",
"Mice",
"Mice, Knockout",
"Notochord",
"Trachea"
]
} | The relationship between the embryonic foregut and notochord is complex and ill-defined; however, the notochord does not contribute essentially to oesophagus and trachea formation beyond E9 in the mouse, and the transplantation of additional notochord does not disrupt foregut separation in 3D explant culture. | no | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does notochord manipulation impact oesophageal and tracheal formation from isolated foregut in 3D explant culture?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Tracheo-oesophageal malformations result from disturbed foregut separation during early development. The notochord, a specialised embryonic structure, forms immediately adjacent to the dividing foregut. In the Adriamycin mouse model of oesophageal atresia, foregut and notochord abnormalities co-exist, and the site and severity of foregut malformations closely correlate to the position and extent of the notochord defects. Notochord and foregut abnormalities also co-exist in the Noggin Knockout mouse as well in a small number of human cases. The notochord is a source of powerful molecular signals during early embryogenesis, being particularly important for neural crest development. The influence of notochord signaling on the adjacent foregut is not known. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of notochord manipulation on foregut separation using a robust 3D explant method for culturing isolated foregut which permits oeosphageal and tracheal formation in vitro.', 'Foregut was micro-dissected from embryonic day 9 mice (License B100/4447 Irish Medicines Board), embedded in collagen and cultured for 48\\xa0h with native notochord intact (n\\xa0=\\xa06), notochord removed (n\\xa0=\\xa010) or additional notochord transplanted from stage matched controls (n\\xa0=\\xa08). Specimens were analysed for foregut morphology and molecular patterning using immunohistochemistry for Hnf3b (an endoderm marker) and Sox2 (a notochord and oesophageal marker) on cryosections.', 'Foregut separation into distinct oesophagus and trachea was observed in isolated foregut specimens with or without their native notochord. In specimens with additional notochord transplants, foregut morphology and molecular patterning were comparable to controls whether or not the native notochord was maintained. In particular foregut separation was not disrupted by the transplantation of additional notochord at the dorsal foregut endoderm.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Esophagus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Notochord', 'Trachea']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
]
|
26,539,029 | Does down-regulation of microRNA-155 attenuate retinal neovascularization via the PI3K/Akt pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"We aimed to investigate the anti-angiogenic properties of miR-155 via in vitro and in vivo studies.",
"miR-155 was knocked down using lentivirus-mediated RNA interference. The proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were measured using BrdU, Transwell, and Matrigel assays, respectively. An oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model was induced using neonatal C57BL/6J pups. Anti-miR-155 was intravitreally injected on postnatal day 12, and the retinal non-perfused areas and extent of neovascularization were measured on postnatal day 18 using transcardiovascular fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran perfusion and retina sections. A laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model was induced in adult C57BL/6J mice. To evaluate the leakage areas, fundus fluorescein angiography was performed on day 14 after anti-miR-155 intravitreal injection. The neovascularization area of the CNV model was also examined in confocal and retina section studies. The expression levels of SHIP1 and p-Akt (Thr308, Ser473, and Thr450) were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.",
"The expression of miR-155 was elevated in HRMECs after treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and in neovascularized mouse model retinas. Anti-miR-155 lentivirus reduced the VEGF-induced proliferation, migration, and tube formation abilities of HRMECs. Anti-miR-155 attenuated retinal neovascularization in in vivo CNV and OIR models. In VEGF-treated HRMECs and retina neovascularization models, p-Akt (Ser473) was significantly upregulated, while SHIP1 was downregulated. Conversely, the inhibition of miR-155 restored the expression of SHIP1 and reduced the phosphorylation of effectors in the Akt (Ser473) signaling pathway."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Animals, Newborn",
"Cell Movement",
"Cell Proliferation",
"Choroidal Neovascularization",
"Endothelial Cells",
"Fluorescein Angiography",
"Gene Expression Regulation",
"Genetic Vectors",
"Humans",
"Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatases",
"Intravitreal Injections",
"Lentivirus",
"Mice",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"MicroRNAs",
"Oligonucleotides",
"Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases",
"Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases",
"Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases",
"Phosphorylation",
"Primary Cell Culture",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt",
"Retina",
"Signal Transduction",
"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A"
]
} | The results revealed that the downregulation of miR-155 attenuated retinal neovascularization via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does down-regulation of microRNA-155 attenuate retinal neovascularization via the PI3K/Akt pathway?\nContext: {'contexts': ['We aimed to investigate the anti-angiogenic properties of miR-155 via in vitro and in vivo studies.', 'miR-155 was knocked down using lentivirus-mediated RNA interference. The proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were measured using BrdU, Transwell, and Matrigel assays, respectively. An oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model was induced using neonatal C57BL/6J pups. Anti-miR-155 was intravitreally injected on postnatal day 12, and the retinal non-perfused areas and extent of neovascularization were measured on postnatal day 18 using transcardiovascular fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran perfusion and retina sections. A laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model was induced in adult C57BL/6J mice. To evaluate the leakage areas, fundus fluorescein angiography was performed on day 14 after anti-miR-155 intravitreal injection. The neovascularization area of the CNV model was also examined in confocal and retina section studies. The expression levels of SHIP1 and p-Akt (Thr308, Ser473, and Thr450) were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.', 'The expression of miR-155 was elevated in HRMECs after treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and in neovascularized mouse model retinas. Anti-miR-155 lentivirus reduced the VEGF-induced proliferation, migration, and tube formation abilities of HRMECs. Anti-miR-155 attenuated retinal neovascularization in in vivo CNV and OIR models. In VEGF-treated HRMECs and retina neovascularization models, p-Akt (Ser473) was significantly upregulated, while SHIP1 was downregulated. Conversely, the inhibition of miR-155 restored the expression of SHIP1 and reduced the phosphorylation of effectors in the Akt (Ser473) signaling pathway.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Choroidal Neovascularization', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatases', 'Intravitreal Injections', 'Lentivirus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'MicroRNAs', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases', 'Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Primary Cell Culture', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Retina', 'Signal Transduction', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,543,094 | Does allergic Lung Inflammation aggravate Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Asthma and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) both involve inflammation. Patients with asthma have an increased risk of developing AAA or experiencing aortic rupture. This study tests the development of one disease on the progression of the other.",
"Ovalbumin sensitization and challenge in mice led to the development of allergic lung inflammation (ALI). Subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II into mice produced AAA. Simultaneous production of ALI in AAA mice doubled abdominal aortic diameter and increased macrophage and mast cell content, arterial media smooth muscle cell loss, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in AAA lesions. ALI also increased plasma IgE, reduced plasma interleukin-5, and increased bronchioalveolar total inflammatory cell and eosinophil accumulation. Intraperitoneal administration of an anti-IgE antibody suppressed AAA lesion formation and reduced lesion inflammation, plasma IgE, and bronchioalveolar inflammation. Pre-establishment of ALI also increased AAA lesion size, lesion accumulation of macrophages and mast cells, media smooth muscle cell loss, and plasma IgE, reduced plasma interleukin-5, interleukin-13, and transforming growth factor-β, and increased bronchioalveolar inflammation. Consequent production of ALI also doubled lesion size of pre-established AAA and increased lesion mast cell and T-cell accumulation, media smooth muscle cell loss, lesion cell proliferation and apoptosis, plasma IgE, and bronchioalveolar inflammation. In periaortic CaCl2 injury-induced AAA in mice, production of ALI also increased AAA formation, lesion inflammation, plasma IgE, and bronchioalveolar inflammatory cell accumulation."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Angiotensin II",
"Animals",
"Anti-Allergic Agents",
"Antibodies, Monoclonal",
"Aorta, Abdominal",
"Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal",
"Apolipoproteins E",
"Calcium Chloride",
"Dilatation, Pathologic",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Disease Progression",
"Immunoglobulin E",
"Inflammation Mediators",
"Lung",
"Macrophages",
"Male",
"Mast Cells",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Mice, Knockout",
"Ovalbumin",
"Pneumonia",
"Respiratory Hypersensitivity",
"Risk Factors",
"Signal Transduction",
"Vascular Remodeling"
]
} | This study suggests a pathological link between airway allergic disease and AAA. Production of one disease aggravates the progression of the other. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does allergic Lung Inflammation aggravate Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Asthma and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) both involve inflammation. Patients with asthma have an increased risk of developing AAA or experiencing aortic rupture. This study tests the development of one disease on the progression of the other.', 'Ovalbumin sensitization and challenge in mice led to the development of allergic lung inflammation (ALI). Subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II into mice produced AAA. Simultaneous production of ALI in AAA mice doubled abdominal aortic diameter and increased macrophage and mast cell content, arterial media smooth muscle cell loss, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in AAA lesions. ALI also increased plasma IgE, reduced plasma interleukin-5, and increased bronchioalveolar total inflammatory cell and eosinophil accumulation. Intraperitoneal administration of an anti-IgE antibody suppressed AAA lesion formation and reduced lesion inflammation, plasma IgE, and bronchioalveolar inflammation. Pre-establishment of ALI also increased AAA lesion size, lesion accumulation of macrophages and mast cells, media smooth muscle cell loss, and plasma IgE, reduced plasma interleukin-5, interleukin-13, and transforming growth factor-β, and increased bronchioalveolar inflammation. Consequent production of ALI also doubled lesion size of pre-established AAA and increased lesion mast cell and T-cell accumulation, media smooth muscle cell loss, lesion cell proliferation and apoptosis, plasma IgE, and bronchioalveolar inflammation. In periaortic CaCl2 injury-induced AAA in mice, production of ALI also increased AAA formation, lesion inflammation, plasma IgE, and bronchioalveolar inflammatory cell accumulation.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Anti-Allergic Agents', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Aorta, Abdominal', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Calcium Chloride', 'Dilatation, Pathologic', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Progression', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Lung', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Ovalbumin', 'Pneumonia', 'Respiratory Hypersensitivity', 'Risk Factors', 'Signal Transduction', 'Vascular Remodeling']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,546,994 | Does adjuvant Stereotactic Radiosurgery reduce Need for Retreatments in Patients with Meningioma Residuals? | {
"contexts": [
"Radical surgical resection of cerebral meningiomas involving the dura mater of venous sinuses is challenging, and tumor residuals are frequently left after surgery. This study sought to evaluate the effect of adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery (aSRS) on the time to significant growth of meningioma residuals requiring retreatment.",
"A total of 119 consecutive patients (2004-2013) receiving primary surgical treatment for a meningioma in proximity to a venous structure were included. The patients were assessed retrospectively, with a focus on retreatments and mortality. Radicality of initial tumor surgery was scored using postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Three subgroups were identified: 1) radical total resection (RTR); 2) near-total resection (NTR), followed by aSRS (NTR + aSRS); and 3) NTR but no aSRS (NTR - aSRS). In the NTR - aSRS group, intervention was initiated after radiologic (magnetic resonance imaging) findings verified growth of residual tumor, in contrast to the NTR + aSRS group, which received aSRS before regrowth. Time to first retreatment, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival were analyzed with the log-rank test and multiple-events Cox regression.",
"RTR was associated with the best prognosis. The patients in the NTR + aSRS group had significantly longer time to first retreatment compared with NTR - aSRS patients (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference in mortality (P < 0.05) and a tendency to prolonged PFS (P = 0.07) in the NTR + aSRS group. The Cox regressions confirmed the positive effects of NTR + aSRS on time to retreatment (hazard ratio, 7.3; P < 0.01) and PFS (hazard ratio, 3.69; P = 0.055)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Age Distribution",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Disease-Free Survival",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Meningeal Neoplasms",
"Meningioma",
"Middle Aged",
"Needs Assessment",
"Neoplasm Recurrence, Local",
"Neoplasm, Residual",
"Neurosurgical Procedures",
"Prevalence",
"Radiosurgery",
"Radiotherapy, Adjuvant",
"Reoperation",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Risk Factors",
"Sex Distribution",
"Survival Rate",
"Sweden",
"Treatment Outcome",
"Young Adult"
]
} | aSRS of meningioma residuals had a positive effect on tumor control and should be considered in patients with meningioma residuals. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does adjuvant Stereotactic Radiosurgery reduce Need for Retreatments in Patients with Meningioma Residuals?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Radical surgical resection of cerebral meningiomas involving the dura mater of venous sinuses is challenging, and tumor residuals are frequently left after surgery. This study sought to evaluate the effect of adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery (aSRS) on the time to significant growth of meningioma residuals requiring retreatment.', 'A total of 119 consecutive patients (2004-2013) receiving primary surgical treatment for a meningioma in proximity to a venous structure were included. The patients were assessed retrospectively, with a focus on retreatments and mortality. Radicality of initial tumor surgery was scored using postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Three subgroups were identified: 1) radical total resection (RTR); 2) near-total resection (NTR), followed by aSRS (NTR\\xa0+ aSRS); and 3) NTR but no aSRS (NTR\\xa0- aSRS). In the NTR\\xa0- aSRS group, intervention was initiated after radiologic (magnetic resonance imaging) findings verified growth of residual tumor, in contrast to the NTR\\xa0+ aSRS group, which received aSRS before regrowth. Time to first retreatment, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival were analyzed with the log-rank test and multiple-events Cox regression.', 'RTR was associated with the best prognosis. The patients in the NTR\\xa0+ aSRS group had significantly longer time to first retreatment compared with NTR\\xa0- aSRS patients (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference in mortality (P < 0.05) and a tendency to prolonged PFS (P\\xa0=\\xa00.07) in the NTR\\xa0+ aSRS group. The Cox regressions confirmed the positive effects of NTR\\xa0+ aSRS on time to retreatment (hazard ratio, 7.3; P < 0.01) and PFS (hazard ratio, 3.69; P\\xa0= 0.055).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meningeal Neoplasms', 'Meningioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Needs Assessment', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm, Residual', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Prevalence', 'Radiosurgery', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Distribution', 'Survival Rate', 'Sweden', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,543,004 | Does intrinsic Visual-Motor Synchrony correlate With Social Deficits in Autism? | {
"contexts": [
"Imitation, which is impaired in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and critically depends on the integration of visual input with motor output, likely impacts both motor and social skill acquisition in children with ASD; however, it is unclear what brain mechanisms contribute to this impairment. Children with ASD also exhibit what appears to be an ASD-specific bias against using visual feedback during motor learning. Does the temporal congruity of intrinsic activity, or functional connectivity, between motor and visual brain regions contribute to ASD-associated deficits in imitation, motor, and social skills?",
"We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans from 100 8- to 12-year-old children (50 ASD). Group independent component analysis was used to estimate functional connectivity between visual and motor systems. Brain-behavior relationships were assessed by regressing functional connectivity measures with social deficit severity, imitation, and gesture performance scores.",
"We observed increased intrinsic asynchrony between visual and motor systems in children with ASD and replicated this finding in an independent sample from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange. Moreover, children with more out-of-sync intrinsic visual-motor activity displayed more severe autistic traits, while children with greater intrinsic visual-motor synchrony were better imitators."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Autism Spectrum Disorder",
"Brain",
"Brain Mapping",
"Child",
"Female",
"Gestures",
"Humans",
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
"Male",
"Motor Activity",
"Neural Pathways",
"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales",
"Rest",
"Severity of Illness Index",
"Social Behavior",
"Visual Perception"
]
} | Our twice replicated findings confirm that visual-motor functional connectivity is disrupted in ASD. Furthermore, the observed temporal incongruity between visual and motor systems, which may reflect diminished integration of visual consequences with motor output, was predictive of the severity of social deficits and may contribute to impaired social-communicative skill development in children with ASD. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does intrinsic Visual-Motor Synchrony correlate With Social Deficits in Autism?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Imitation, which is impaired in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and critically depends on the integration of visual input with motor output, likely impacts both motor and social skill acquisition in children with ASD; however, it is unclear what brain mechanisms contribute to this impairment. Children with ASD also exhibit what appears to be an ASD-specific bias against using visual feedback during motor learning. Does the temporal congruity of intrinsic activity, or functional connectivity, between motor and visual brain regions contribute to ASD-associated deficits in imitation, motor, and social skills?', 'We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans from 100 8- to 12-year-old children (50 ASD). Group independent component analysis was used to estimate functional connectivity between visual and motor systems. Brain-behavior relationships were assessed by regressing functional connectivity measures with social deficit severity, imitation, and gesture performance scores.', 'We observed increased intrinsic asynchrony between visual and motor systems in children with ASD and replicated this finding in an independent sample from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange. Moreover, children with more out-of-sync intrinsic visual-motor activity displayed more severe autistic traits, while children with greater intrinsic visual-motor synchrony were better imitators.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Autism Spectrum Disorder', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Child', 'Female', 'Gestures', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Neural Pathways', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Rest', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Social Behavior', 'Visual Perception']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,527,360 | Is elevated plasma aldosterone an independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction in men? | {
"contexts": [
"Erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share a great number of common risk factors. There is growing evidence that aldosterone, an independent CVD risk factor, is associated with ED.",
"The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between plasma aldosterone and erectile dysfunction.",
"This study recruited 287 participants, ranging from 18 to 84 years old; 217 were suffering from ED, diagnosed by the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) scores. Based on IIEF-5 scores, patients were divided into one control group and three ED groups (mild ED; moderate ED; severe ED).",
"The differences in principal characteristics, blood routine, sexual hormone, adrenal hormone, thyroid hormone, renal function, liver function and blood lipid were compared between ED and control groups.",
"Our study demonstrated that the difference of mean plasma aldosterone levels between ED group and the control group was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Stepwise logistic regression analysis of all the possible factors support the role of aldosterone as an independent risk factor for ED (OR 1.011; 95 % CI 1.003-1.018; P = 0.004). Similar statistical methods were applied to the comparison between moderate to severe ED group and control to mild ED group (OR 1.017; 95 % CI 1.009-1.024; P < 0.001). ROC curve and the area under the curve (0.718; 95 % CI 0.643-0.794; P < 0.001) were performed to assess the diagnostic effect and to compare the severity of risk with the known independent risk factors, such as age and cholesterol (0.704; 95 % CI 0.631-0.778; P < 0.001). When using a 374 pg/mL cut-off value from Youden index, the OR of ED group versus controls is 3.106 (95 % CI 1.458-6.617), while the OR of moderate to severe ED versus control and mild ED is 5.480 (95 % CI 3.108-9.662)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Aldosterone",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Erectile Dysfunction",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Risk Factors",
"Young Adult"
]
} | We determined that elevated plasma aldosterone concentration is an independent risk factor for ED. Our findings also indicate that the aldosterone, a well-recognized contributor to vascular injury, might be a potential bond between ED and CVD. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is elevated plasma aldosterone an independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction in men?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share a great number of common risk factors. There is growing evidence that aldosterone, an independent CVD risk factor, is associated with ED.', 'The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between plasma aldosterone and erectile dysfunction.', 'This study recruited 287 participants, ranging from 18 to 84\\xa0years old; 217 were suffering from ED, diagnosed by the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) scores. Based on IIEF-5 scores, patients were divided into one control group and three ED groups (mild ED; moderate ED; severe ED).', 'The differences in principal characteristics, blood routine, sexual hormone, adrenal hormone, thyroid hormone, renal function, liver function and blood lipid were compared between ED and control groups.', 'Our study demonstrated that the difference of mean plasma aldosterone levels between ED group and the control group was statistically significant (P\\xa0<\\xa00.05). Stepwise logistic regression analysis of all the possible factors support the role of aldosterone as an independent risk factor for ED (OR 1.011; 95\\xa0% CI 1.003-1.018; P\\xa0=\\xa00.004). Similar statistical methods were applied to the comparison between moderate to severe ED group and control to mild ED group (OR 1.017; 95\\xa0% CI 1.009-1.024; P\\xa0<\\xa00.001). ROC curve and the area under the curve (0.718; 95\\xa0% CI 0.643-0.794; P\\xa0<\\xa00.001) were performed to assess the diagnostic effect and to compare the severity of risk with the known independent risk factors, such as age and cholesterol (0.704; 95\\xa0% CI 0.631-0.778; P\\xa0<\\xa00.001). When using a 374\\xa0pg/mL cut-off value from Youden index, the OR of ED group versus controls is 3.106 (95\\xa0% CI 1.458-6.617), while the OR of moderate to severe ED versus control and mild ED is 5.480 (95\\xa0% CI 3.108-9.662).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aldosterone', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,548,538 | Is arterial Vasoreactivity Equally Affected by In Vivo Cross-Clamping with Increasing Loads in Young and Middle-Aged Mice Aortas? | {
"contexts": [
"To compensate for the lack of haptic feedback by surgical robots, limitation of exerted forces could be implemented. The limits should be based on the observed relationship between tissue load and induced damage. This study examines whether age-related changes influence this relationship.",
"Descending thoracic aortas of male C57BL/6J mice of 10, 25 and 40 weeks were clamped in vivo (no clamp, 0.5N or 2.0N) for 2 min. Functional integrity was tested in vitro by studying endothelium-dependent and -independent vasoreactivity.",
"Endothelium-dependent relaxation deteriorated with increased clamping force at all ages. Clamping did not influence endothelium-independent vasodilation. Age (10, 25 and 40 weeks) did not significantly impact on the effect of clamping on endothelium-dependent and independent vasoreactivity."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Age Factors",
"Animals",
"Aorta, Thoracic",
"Constriction",
"Endothelium, Vascular",
"Male",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Muscle, Smooth, Vascular",
"Pressure",
"Vascular Surgical Procedures",
"Vascular System Injuries",
"Vasodilation"
]
} | Within the tested conditions, mechanical clamping induces damage to the vascular endothelium, but not to the smooth muscle cells. Age has no effect on the obtained results in mice from 10 to 40 weeks old. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is arterial Vasoreactivity Equally Affected by In Vivo Cross-Clamping with Increasing Loads in Young and Middle-Aged Mice Aortas?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To compensate for the lack of haptic feedback by surgical robots, limitation of exerted forces could be implemented. The limits should be based on the observed relationship between tissue load and induced damage. This study examines whether age-related changes influence this relationship.', 'Descending thoracic aortas of male C57BL/6J mice of 10, 25 and 40 weeks were clamped in vivo (no clamp, 0.5N or 2.0N) for 2 min. Functional integrity was tested in vitro by studying endothelium-dependent and -independent vasoreactivity.', 'Endothelium-dependent relaxation deteriorated with increased clamping force at all ages. Clamping did not influence endothelium-independent vasodilation. Age (10, 25 and 40 weeks) did not significantly impact on the effect of clamping on endothelium-dependent and independent vasoreactivity.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Constriction', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Pressure', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures', 'Vascular System Injuries', 'Vasodilation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,526,716 | Does bCL3 reduce the Sterile Inflammatory Response in Pancreatic and Biliary Tissues? | {
"contexts": [
"Under conditions of inflammation in the absence of micro-organisms (sterile inflammation), necrotic cells release damage-associated molecular patterns that bind to Toll-like receptors on immune cells to activate a signaling pathway that involves activation of IκB kinase and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Little is known about the mechanisms that control NF-κB activity during sterile inflammation. We analyzed the contribution of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 3 (BCL3), a transcription factor that associates with NF-κB, in control of sterile inflammation in the pancreas and biliary system of mice.",
"Acute pancreatitis (AP) was induced in C57BL/6 (control) and Bcl3(-/-) mice by intraperitoneal injection of cerulein or pancreatic infusion of sodium taurocholate. We also studied Mdr2(-/-) mice, which develop spontaneous biliary inflammation, as well as Bcl3(-/-)Mdr2(-/-) mice. We performed immunohistochemical analyses of inflamed and noninflamed regions of pancreatic tissue from patients with AP or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), as well as from mice. Immune cells were characterized by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Control or Bcl3(-/-) mice were irradiated, injected with bone marrow from Bcl3(-/-) or control mice, and AP was induced.",
"Pancreatic or biliary tissues from patients with AP or PSC had higher levels of BCL3 and phosphorylated RelA and IκBα in inflamed vs noninflamed regions. Levels of BCL3 were higher in pancreata from control mice given cerulein than from mice without AP, and were higher in biliary tissues from Mdr2(-/-) mice than from control mice. Bcl3(-/-) mice developed more severe AP after administration of cerulein or sodium taurocholate than control mice; pancreata from the Bcl3(-/-) mice with AP had greater numbers of macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, and granulocytes than control mice with AP. Activation of NF-κB was significantly prolonged in Bcl3(-/-) mice with AP, compared with control mice with AP. Bcl3(-/-)Mdr2(-/-) mice developed more severe cholestasis and had increased markers of liver injury and increased proliferation of biliary epithelial cells and hepatocytes than Mdr2(-/-) mice. In experiments with bone marrow chimeras, expression of BCL3 by acinar cells, but not myeloid cells, was required for reduction of inflammation during development of AP. BCL3 inhibited ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of p50 homodimers, which prolonged binding of NF-κB heterodimers to DNA."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B",
"Acute Disease",
"Animals",
"Bile Ducts",
"Bone Marrow Transplantation",
"Ceruletide",
"Cholangitis, Sclerosing",
"Humans",
"I-kappa B Proteins",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Mice, Knockout",
"NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha",
"NF-kappa B p50 Subunit",
"Pancreas",
"Pancreatitis",
"Phosphorylation",
"Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex",
"Protein Multimerization",
"Proteolysis",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins",
"Signal Transduction",
"Taurocholic Acid",
"Time Factors",
"Transcription Factor RelA",
"Transcription Factors",
"Ubiquitination"
]
} | BCL3 is up-regulated in inflamed pancreatic or biliary tissues from mice and patients with AP or cholangitis. Its production appears to reduce the inflammatory response in these tissues via blocking ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of p50 homodimers. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does bCL3 reduce the Sterile Inflammatory Response in Pancreatic and Biliary Tissues?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Under conditions of inflammation in the absence of micro-organisms (sterile inflammation), necrotic cells release damage-associated molecular patterns that bind to Toll-like receptors on immune cells to activate a signaling pathway that involves activation of IκB kinase and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Little is known about the mechanisms that control NF-κB activity during sterile inflammation. We analyzed the contribution of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 3 (BCL3), a transcription factor that associates with NF-κB, in control of sterile inflammation in the pancreas and biliary system of mice.', 'Acute pancreatitis (AP) was induced in C57BL/6 (control) and Bcl3(-/-) mice by intraperitoneal injection of cerulein or pancreatic infusion of sodium taurocholate. We also studied Mdr2(-/-) mice, which develop spontaneous biliary inflammation, as well as Bcl3(-/-)Mdr2(-/-) mice. We performed immunohistochemical analyses of inflamed and noninflamed regions of pancreatic tissue from patients with AP or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), as well as from mice. Immune cells were characterized by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Control or Bcl3(-/-) mice were irradiated, injected with bone marrow from Bcl3(-/-) or control mice, and AP was induced.', 'Pancreatic or biliary tissues from patients with AP or PSC had higher levels of BCL3 and phosphorylated RelA and IκBα in inflamed vs noninflamed regions. Levels of BCL3 were higher in pancreata from control mice given cerulein than from mice without AP, and were higher in biliary tissues from Mdr2(-/-) mice than from control mice. Bcl3(-/-) mice developed more severe AP after administration of cerulein or sodium taurocholate than control mice; pancreata from the Bcl3(-/-) mice with AP had greater numbers of macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, and granulocytes than control mice with AP. Activation of NF-κB was significantly prolonged in Bcl3(-/-) mice with AP, compared with control mice with AP. Bcl3(-/-)Mdr2(-/-) mice developed more severe cholestasis and had increased markers of liver injury and increased proliferation of biliary epithelial cells and hepatocytes than Mdr2(-/-) mice. In experiments with bone marrow chimeras, expression of BCL3 by acinar cells, but not myeloid cells, was required for reduction of inflammation\\xa0during development of AP. BCL3 inhibited ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of p50 homodimers, which prolonged binding of NF-κB heterodimers to DNA.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B', 'Acute Disease', 'Animals', 'Bile Ducts', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Ceruletide', 'Cholangitis, Sclerosing', 'Humans', 'I-kappa B Proteins', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha', 'NF-kappa B p50 Subunit', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatitis', 'Phosphorylation', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Proteolysis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Taurocholic Acid', 'Time Factors', 'Transcription Factor RelA', 'Transcription Factors', 'Ubiquitination']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,539,551 | Is regular Chinese Green Tea Consumption Protective for Diabetic Retinopathy : A Clinic-Based Case-Control Study? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the association between regular Chinese green tea consumption and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients in China.",
"100 DR patients and 100 age-sex-matched diabetic controls without retinopathy were recruited in a clinic-based, case-control study. DR was defined from retinal photographs and detailed information on Chinese green tea consumption of the participants was collected through a face-to-face interview.",
"The crude odds ratio [OR] of Chinese green tea consumption for DR was 0.49 (95% confidence interval: 0.26-0.90). When stratified by sex, the protective effect of Chinese green tea consumption on DR was statistically significant in women (P = 0.01) but not in men (P = 0.63). After adjusting for age, sex, and other confounders, DR was significantly associated with Chinese green tea consumption (OR = 0.48; P = 0.04), higher systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.02; P = 0.05), longer duration of diabetes (OR = 1.07; P = 0.02), and the presence of family history of diabetes (OR = 2.35; P = 0.04)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Asian Continental Ancestry Group",
"Case-Control Studies",
"China",
"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2",
"Diabetic Retinopathy",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Risk Factors",
"Tea"
]
} | Diabetic patients who had regularly drunk Chinese green tea every week for at least one year in their lives had a DR risk reduction of about 50% compared with those who had not. Regular Chinese green tea consumption may be a novel approach for the prevention of DR. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is regular Chinese Green Tea Consumption Protective for Diabetic Retinopathy : A Clinic-Based Case-Control Study?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To determine the association between regular Chinese green tea consumption and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients in China.', '100 DR patients and 100 age-sex-matched diabetic controls without retinopathy were recruited in a clinic-based, case-control study. DR was defined from retinal photographs and detailed information on Chinese green tea consumption of the participants was collected through a face-to-face interview.', 'The crude odds ratio [OR] of Chinese green tea consumption for DR was 0.49 (95% confidence interval: 0.26-0.90). When stratified by sex, the protective effect of Chinese green tea consumption on DR was statistically significant in women (P = 0.01) but not in men (P = 0.63). After adjusting for age, sex, and other confounders, DR was significantly associated with Chinese green tea consumption (OR = 0.48; P = 0.04), higher systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.02; P = 0.05), longer duration of diabetes (OR = 1.07; P = 0.02), and the presence of family history of diabetes (OR = 2.35; P = 0.04).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Tea']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,530,211 | Do peak oxygen uptake during the incremental shuttle walk test in a predominantly female population with Chagas heart disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Chagas heart disease (CHD) patients may have a reduced functional capacity (FC). Field tests, as the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), can estimate peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). However, the relationship between the ISWT and the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), the gold standard in the assessment of FC, is not well established in CHD patients.",
"This study aimed to evaluate the FC of CHD patients by ISWT with direct measurement of VO2 peak and to compare these findings with data obtained from CPET. A secondary goal was to derive a regression equation to calculate the VO2 peak by ISWT.",
"Cross-sectional and correlative study.",
"Research laboratory setting.",
"Thirty-two CHD patients (58.8±9.0 years, 81.3% women) participated in this study.",
"Eligible patients underwent clinical evaluation, echocardiography, CPET by ramp protocol and ISWT according to current guidelines.",
"The distance walked in ISWT showed a positive correlation with VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT (r=0.456, P=0.009 and r=0.869, P<0.001, respectively). In the agreement analysis, the values of the differences between VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT showed absence of bias (mean bias ±95% CI and mean -1.29±5.09 mL.kg.min). Based in real values of VO2 obtained from ISWT, one equation including sex, functional class and distance walked was provided to predict the VO2 values in this test."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Chagas Cardiomyopathy",
"Cohort Studies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Middle Aged",
"Oxygen Consumption",
"Recovery of Function",
"Regression Analysis",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Sex Factors",
"Walk Test",
"Walking"
]
} | This study showed the good correlation between distance walked in ISWT and VO2 peak directly measured in both tests, and additionally, provided an equation to calculate a predictive VO2 peak by ISWT, suggesting a good alternative to evaluate the FC of CHD patients, especially in locations where sophisticated testing is not available. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do peak oxygen uptake during the incremental shuttle walk test in a predominantly female population with Chagas heart disease?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Chagas heart disease (CHD) patients may have a reduced functional capacity (FC). Field tests, as the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), can estimate peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). However, the relationship between the ISWT and the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), the gold standard in the assessment of FC, is not well established in CHD patients.', 'This study aimed to evaluate the FC of CHD patients by ISWT with direct measurement of VO2 peak and to compare these findings with data obtained from CPET. A secondary goal was to derive a regression equation to calculate the VO2 peak by ISWT.', 'Cross-sectional and correlative study.', 'Research laboratory setting.', 'Thirty-two CHD patients (58.8±9.0 years, 81.3% women) participated in this study.', 'Eligible patients underwent clinical evaluation, echocardiography, CPET by ramp protocol and ISWT according to current guidelines.', 'The distance walked in ISWT showed a positive correlation with VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT (r=0.456, P=0.009 and r=0.869, P<0.001, respectively). In the agreement analysis, the values of the differences between VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT showed absence of bias (mean bias ±95% CI and mean -1.29±5.09 mL.kg.min). Based in real values of VO2 obtained from ISWT, one equation including sex, functional class and distance walked was provided to predict the VO2 values in this test.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Chagas Cardiomyopathy', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Recovery of Function', 'Regression Analysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sex Factors', 'Walk Test', 'Walking']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,548,628 | Is in ICU state anxiety associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms over six months after ICU discharge : A prospective study? | {
"contexts": [
"Posttraumatic stress symptoms are common after intensive care treatment. The influence of anxiety during critical illness on the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms needs to be investigated.",
"To determine the association between anxiety during critical illness (state and trait components) and posttraumatic stress symptoms over six months after ICU discharge.",
"Prospective study including 141 patients admitted ≥24h to a closed mixed adult ICU in a tertiary hospital. State anxiety was assessed with the Faces Anxiety Scale during ICU stay. Trait anxiety was measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y-2. Posttraumatic stress symptoms were measured at three and six months after ICU discharge using the Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms 10-Question Inventory. Clinical and demographical data were also collected. Mixed effect regression models were used to determine if state and trait anxiety were factors significantly associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms over time.",
"Moderate to severe levels of state anxiety in ICU were reported by 81 (57%) participants. Levels of trait anxiety (median 36 IQR: 29-47) were similar to the Australian population. High levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms occurred at three (n=19, 19%) and six months (n=15, 17%). Factors independently associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms were trait anxiety (2.2; 95% CI, 0.3-4.1; p=0.02), symptoms of anxiety after ICU discharge (0.6; 95% CI, 0.2-1.1; p=0.005), younger age (-1.4; 95% CI, -2.6 to -0.2; p=0.02) and evidence of mental health treatment prior to the ICU admission (5.2; 95% CI, 1.5-8.9; p=0.006)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"APACHE",
"Anxiety",
"Australia",
"Critical Illness",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Intensive Care Units",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Patient Discharge",
"Prospective Studies",
"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales",
"Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic"
]
} | Posttraumatic stress symptoms occurred in a significant proportion of ICU survivors and were significantly associated with higher levels of trait anxiety, younger age, mental health treatment prior to the ICU admission and more symptoms of anxiety after ICU discharge. Early assessment and interventions directed to reduce state and trait anxiety in ICU survivors may be of benefit. | no | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is in ICU state anxiety associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms over six months after ICU discharge : A prospective study?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Posttraumatic stress symptoms are common after intensive care treatment. The influence of anxiety during critical illness on the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms needs to be investigated.', 'To determine the association between anxiety during critical illness (state and trait components) and posttraumatic stress symptoms over six months after ICU discharge.', 'Prospective study including 141 patients admitted ≥24h to a closed mixed adult ICU in a tertiary hospital. State anxiety was assessed with the Faces Anxiety Scale during ICU stay. Trait anxiety was measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y-2. Posttraumatic stress symptoms were measured at three and six months after ICU discharge using the Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms 10-Question Inventory. Clinical and demographical data were also collected. Mixed effect regression models were used to determine if state and trait anxiety were factors significantly associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms over time.', 'Moderate to severe levels of state anxiety in ICU were reported by 81 (57%) participants. Levels of trait anxiety (median 36 IQR: 29-47) were similar to the Australian population. High levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms occurred at three (n=19, 19%) and six months (n=15, 17%). Factors independently associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms were trait anxiety (2.2; 95% CI, 0.3-4.1; p=0.02), symptoms of anxiety after ICU discharge (0.6; 95% CI, 0.2-1.1; p=0.005), younger age (-1.4; 95% CI, -2.6 to -0.2; p=0.02) and evidence of mental health treatment prior to the ICU admission (5.2; 95% CI, 1.5-8.9; p=0.006).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['APACHE', 'Anxiety', 'Australia', 'Critical Illness', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
]
|
26,525,574 | Does dense genotyping of immune-related loci identify HLA variants associated with increased risk of collagenous colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Collagenous colitis (CC) is a major cause of chronic non-bloody diarrhoea, particularly in the elderly female population. The aetiology of CC is unknown, and still poor is the understanding of its pathogenesis. This possibly involves dysregulated inflammation and immune-mediated reactions in genetically predisposed individuals, but the contribution of genetic factors to CC is underinvestigated. We systematically tested immune-related genes known to impact the risk of several autoimmune diseases for their potential CC-predisposing role.",
"Three independent cohorts of histologically confirmed CC cases (N=314) and controls (N=4299) from Sweden and Germany were included in a 2-step association analysis. Immunochip and targeted single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data were produced, respectively, for discovery and replication purposes. Classical human leucocyte antigen (HLA) variants at 2-digit and 4-digit resolution were obtained via imputation from single marker genotypes. SNPs and HLA variants passing quality control filters were tested for association with CC with logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and country of origin.",
"Forty-two markers gave rise to genome-wide significant association signals, all contained within the HLA region on chromosome 6 (best p=4.2×10"
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Alleles",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6",
"Colitis, Collagenous",
"Female",
"Genetic Loci",
"Genetic Predisposition to Disease",
"Genotyping Techniques",
"HLA Antigens",
"Haplotypes",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide",
"Risk Factors"
]
} | HLA genotype associates with CC, thus implicating HLA-related immune mechanisms in its pathogenesis. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does dense genotyping of immune-related loci identify HLA variants associated with increased risk of collagenous colitis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Collagenous colitis (CC) is a major cause of chronic non-bloody diarrhoea, particularly in the elderly female population. The aetiology of CC is unknown, and still poor is the understanding of its pathogenesis. This possibly involves dysregulated inflammation and immune-mediated reactions in genetically predisposed individuals, but the contribution of genetic factors to CC is underinvestigated. We systematically tested immune-related genes known to impact the risk of several autoimmune diseases for their potential CC-predisposing role.', 'Three independent cohorts of histologically confirmed CC cases (N=314) and controls (N=4299) from Sweden and Germany were included in a 2-step association analysis. Immunochip and targeted single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data were produced, respectively, for discovery and replication purposes. Classical human leucocyte antigen (HLA) variants at 2-digit and 4-digit resolution were obtained via imputation from single marker genotypes. SNPs and HLA variants passing quality control filters were tested for association with CC with logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and country of origin.', 'Forty-two markers gave rise to genome-wide significant association signals, all contained within the HLA region on chromosome 6 (best p=4.2×10'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Alleles', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6', 'Colitis, Collagenous', 'Female', 'Genetic Loci', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotyping Techniques', 'HLA Antigens', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,543,364 | Are methotrexate-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules highly effective in the control of inflammation in synovial cells and a chronic arthritis model? | {
"contexts": [
"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune disease in the word, affecting 1% of the population. Long-term prognosis in RA was greatly improved following the introduction of highly effective medications such as methotrexate (MTX). Despite the importance of this drug in RA, 8%-16% of patients must discontinue the treatment because of adverse effects. Last decade, we developed a promising new nanocarrier as a drug-delivery system, lipid-core nanocapsules.",
"The aim of the investigation reported here was to evaluate if methotrexate-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (MTX-LNC) reduce proinflammatory and T-cell-derived cytokines in activated mononuclear cells derived from RA patients and even in functional MTX-resistant conditions. We also aimed to find out if MTX-LNC would reduce inflammation in experimentally inflammatory arthritis at lower doses than MTX solution.",
"Formulations were prepared by self-assembling methodology. The adjuvant arthritis was induced in Lewis rats (AIA) and the effect on edema formation, TNF-α levels, and interleukin-1 beta levels after treatment was evaluated. Mononuclear cells obtained from the synovial fluid of RA patients during articular infiltration procedures were treated with MTX solution and MTX-LNC. For in vitro experiments, the same dose of MTX was used in comparing MTX and MTX-LNC, while the dose of MTX in the MTX-LNC was 75% lower than the drug in solution in in vivo experiments.",
"Formulations presented nanometric and unimodal size distribution profiles, with D[4.3] of 175±17 nm and span of 1.6±0.2. Experimental results showed that MTX-LNC had the same effect as MTX on arthritis inhibition on day 28 of the experiment (P<0.0001); however, this effect was achieved earlier, on day 21 (P<0.0001), by MTX-LNC, and this formulation had reduced both TNF-α (P=0.001) and IL-1α (P=0.0002) serum levels by the last day of the experiment. Further, the MTX-LNC were more effective at reducing the cytokine production from mononuclear synovial cells than MTX."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Arthritis, Rheumatoid",
"Chronic Disease",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Drug Carriers",
"Humans",
"Inflammation",
"Interferon-gamma",
"Interleukin-17",
"Lipids",
"Methotrexate",
"Nanocapsules",
"Rats",
"Synovial Membrane",
"T-Lymphocytes"
]
} | The MTX-LNC were better than the MTX solution at reducing proinflammatory cytokines and T-cell-derived cytokines such as interferon-gamma and interleukin-17A. This result, combined with the reduction in the dose required for therapy, shows that MTX-LNC are a very promising system for the treatment of RA. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are methotrexate-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules highly effective in the control of inflammation in synovial cells and a chronic arthritis model?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune disease in the word, affecting 1% of the population. Long-term prognosis in RA was greatly improved following the introduction of highly effective medications such as methotrexate (MTX). Despite the importance of this drug in RA, 8%-16% of patients must discontinue the treatment because of adverse effects. Last decade, we developed a promising new nanocarrier as a drug-delivery system, lipid-core nanocapsules.', 'The aim of the investigation reported here was to evaluate if methotrexate-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (MTX-LNC) reduce proinflammatory and T-cell-derived cytokines in activated mononuclear cells derived from RA patients and even in functional MTX-resistant conditions. We also aimed to find out if MTX-LNC would reduce inflammation in experimentally inflammatory arthritis at lower doses than MTX solution.', 'Formulations were prepared by self-assembling methodology. The adjuvant arthritis was induced in Lewis rats (AIA) and the effect on edema formation, TNF-α levels, and interleukin-1 beta levels after treatment was evaluated. Mononuclear cells obtained from the synovial fluid of RA patients during articular infiltration procedures were treated with MTX solution and MTX-LNC. For in vitro experiments, the same dose of MTX was used in comparing MTX and MTX-LNC, while the dose of MTX in the MTX-LNC was 75% lower than the drug in solution in in vivo experiments.', 'Formulations presented nanometric and unimodal size distribution profiles, with D[4.3] of 175±17 nm and span of 1.6±0.2. Experimental results showed that MTX-LNC had the same effect as MTX on arthritis inhibition on day 28 of the experiment (P<0.0001); however, this effect was achieved earlier, on day 21 (P<0.0001), by MTX-LNC, and this formulation had reduced both TNF-α (P=0.001) and IL-1α (P=0.0002) serum levels by the last day of the experiment. Further, the MTX-LNC were more effective at reducing the cytokine production from mononuclear synovial cells than MTX.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Chronic Disease', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Carriers', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-17', 'Lipids', 'Methotrexate', 'Nanocapsules', 'Rats', 'Synovial Membrane', 'T-Lymphocytes']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,537,126 | Does sepsis impair microvascular autoregulation and delays capillary response within hypoxic capillaries? | {
"contexts": [
"The microcirculation supplies oxygen (O2) and nutrients to all cells with the red blood cell (RBC) acting as both a deliverer and sensor of O2. In sepsis, a proinflammatory disease with microvascular complications, small blood vessel alterations are associated with multi-organ dysfunction and poor septic patient outcome. We hypothesized that microvascular autoregulation-existing at three levels: over the entire capillary network, within a capillary and within the erythrocyte-was impaired during onset of sepsis. This study had three objectives: 1) measure capillary response time within hypoxic capillaries, 2) test the null hypothesis that RBC O2-dependent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) efflux was not altered by sepsis and 3) develop a framework of a pathophysiological model.",
"This was an animal study, comparing sepsis with control, set in a university laboratory. Acute hypotensive sepsis was studied using cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) with a 6-hour end-point. Rat hindlimb skeletal muscle microcirculation was imaged, and capillary RBC supply rate (SR = RBC/s), RBC hemoglobin O2 saturation (SO2) and O2 supply rate (qO2 = pLO2/s) were quantified. Arterial NOx (nitrite + nitrate) and RBC O2-dependent ATP efflux were measured using a nitric oxide (NO) analyzer and gas exchanger, respectively.",
"Sepsis increased capillary stopped-flow (p = 0.001) and increased plasma lactate (p < 0.001). Increased plasma NOx (p < 0.001) was related to increased capillary RBC supply rate (p = 0.027). Analysis of 30-second SR-SO2-qO2 profiles revealed a shift towards decreased (p < 0.05) O2 supply rates in some capillaries. Moreover, we detected a three- to fourfold increase (p < 0.05) in capillary response time within hypoxic capillaries (capillary flow states where RBC SO2 < 20 %). Additionally, sepsis decreased the erythrocyte's ability to respond to hypoxic environments, as normalized RBC O2-dependent ATP efflux decreased by 62.5 % (p < 0.001)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Capillaries",
"Erythrocytes",
"Homeostasis",
"Hypoxia",
"Microcirculation",
"Microvessels",
"Models, Animal",
"Oxygen",
"Oxygen Consumption",
"Rats",
"Sepsis"
]
} | Sepsis impaired microvascular autoregulation at both the individual capillary and erythrocyte level, seemingly uncoupling the RBC acting as an "O2 sensor" from microvascular autoregulation. Impaired microvascular autoregulation was manifested by increased capillary stopped-flow, increased capillary response time within hypoxic capillaries, decreased capillary O2 supply rate and decreased RBC O2-dependent ATP efflux. This loss of local microvascular control was partially off-set by increased capillary RBC supply rate, which correlated with increased plasma NOx. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does sepsis impair microvascular autoregulation and delays capillary response within hypoxic capillaries?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The microcirculation supplies oxygen (O2) and nutrients to all cells with the red blood cell (RBC) acting as both a deliverer and sensor of O2. In sepsis, a proinflammatory disease with microvascular complications, small blood vessel alterations are associated with multi-organ dysfunction and poor septic patient outcome. We hypothesized that microvascular autoregulation-existing at three levels: over the entire capillary network, within a capillary and within the erythrocyte-was impaired during onset of sepsis. This study had three objectives: 1) measure capillary response time within hypoxic capillaries, 2) test the null hypothesis that RBC O2-dependent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) efflux was not altered by sepsis and 3) develop a framework of a pathophysiological model.', 'This was an animal study, comparing sepsis with control, set in a university laboratory. Acute hypotensive sepsis was studied using cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) with a 6-hour end-point. Rat hindlimb skeletal muscle microcirculation was imaged, and capillary RBC supply rate (SR\\u2009=\\u2009RBC/s), RBC hemoglobin O2 saturation (SO2) and O2 supply rate (qO2\\u2009=\\u2009pLO2/s) were quantified. Arterial NOx (nitrite\\u2009+\\u2009nitrate) and RBC O2-dependent ATP efflux were measured using a nitric oxide (NO) analyzer and gas exchanger, respectively.', \"Sepsis increased capillary stopped-flow (p\\u2009=\\u20090.001) and increased plasma lactate (p\\u2009<\\u20090.001). Increased plasma NOx (p\\u2009<\\u20090.001) was related to increased capillary RBC supply rate (p\\u2009=\\u20090.027). Analysis of 30-second SR-SO2-qO2 profiles revealed a shift towards decreased (p\\u2009<\\u20090.05) O2 supply rates in some capillaries. Moreover, we detected a three- to fourfold increase (p\\u2009<\\u20090.05) in capillary response time within hypoxic capillaries (capillary flow states where RBC SO2\\u2009<\\u200920\\xa0%). Additionally, sepsis decreased the erythrocyte's ability to respond to hypoxic environments, as normalized RBC O2-dependent ATP efflux decreased by 62.5\\xa0% (p\\u2009<\\u20090.001).\"], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Capillaries', 'Erythrocytes', 'Homeostasis', 'Hypoxia', 'Microcirculation', 'Microvessels', 'Models, Animal', 'Oxygen', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Rats', 'Sepsis']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
26,537,124 | Does acute disruption of glucagon secretion or action improve glucose tolerance in an insulin-deficient mouse model of diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Normal glucose metabolism depends on pancreatic secretion of insulin and glucagon. The bihormonal hypothesis states that while lack of insulin leads to glucose underutilisation, glucagon excess is the principal factor in diabetic glucose overproduction. A recent study reported that streptozotocin-treated glucagon receptor knockout mice have normal glucose tolerance. We investigated the impact of acute disruption of glucagon secretin or action in a mouse model of severe diabetes by three different approaches: (1) alpha cell elimination; (2) glucagon immunoneutralisation; and (3) glucagon receptor antagonism, in order to evaluate the effect of these on glucose tolerance.",
"Severe diabetes was induced in transgenic and wild-type mice by streptozotocin. Glucose metabolism was investigated using OGTT in transgenic mice with the human diphtheria toxin receptor expressed in proglucagon producing cells allowing for diphtheria toxin (DT)-induced alpha cell ablation and in mice treated with either a specific high affinity glucagon antibody or a specific glucagon receptor antagonist.",
"Near-total alpha cell elimination was induced in transgenic mice upon DT administration and resulted in a massive decrease in pancreatic glucagon content. Oral glucose tolerance in diabetic mice was neither affected by glucagon immunoneutralisation, glucagon receptor antagonism, nor alpha cell removal, but did not deteriorate further compared with mice with intact alpha cell mass."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Blood Glucose",
"Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental",
"Diphtheria Toxin",
"Glucagon",
"Glucagon-Like Peptide 1",
"Glucagon-Secreting Cells",
"Glucose Intolerance",
"Glucose Tolerance Test",
"Insulin",
"Insulin-Secreting Cells",
"Male",
"Mice",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Mice, Knockout",
"Receptors, Glucagon",
"Streptozocin"
]
} | Disruption of glucagon action/secretion did not improve glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. Near-total alpha cell elimination may have prevented further deterioration. Our findings support insulin lack as the major factor underlying hyperglycaemia in beta cell-deficient diabetes. | no | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does acute disruption of glucagon secretion or action improve glucose tolerance in an insulin-deficient mouse model of diabetes?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Normal glucose metabolism depends on pancreatic secretion of insulin and glucagon. The bihormonal hypothesis states that while lack of insulin leads to glucose underutilisation, glucagon excess is the principal factor in diabetic glucose overproduction. A recent study reported that streptozotocin-treated glucagon receptor knockout mice have normal glucose tolerance. We investigated the impact of acute disruption of glucagon secretin or action in a mouse model of severe diabetes by three different approaches: (1) alpha cell elimination; (2) glucagon immunoneutralisation; and (3) glucagon receptor antagonism, in order to evaluate the effect of these on glucose tolerance.', 'Severe diabetes was induced in transgenic and wild-type mice by streptozotocin. Glucose metabolism was investigated using OGTT in transgenic mice with the human diphtheria toxin receptor expressed in proglucagon producing cells allowing for diphtheria toxin (DT)-induced alpha cell ablation and in mice treated with either a specific high affinity glucagon antibody or a specific glucagon receptor antagonist.', 'Near-total alpha cell elimination was induced in transgenic mice upon DT administration and resulted in a massive decrease in pancreatic glucagon content. Oral glucose tolerance in diabetic mice was neither affected by glucagon immunoneutralisation, glucagon receptor antagonism, nor alpha cell removal, but did not deteriorate further compared with mice with intact alpha cell mass.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Diphtheria Toxin', 'Glucagon', 'Glucagon-Like Peptide 1', 'Glucagon-Secreting Cells', 'Glucose Intolerance', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Insulin', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Receptors, Glucagon', 'Streptozocin']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
]
|
26,536,542 | Does intracarotid Etomidate decrease the Interhemispheric Synchronization in Electroencephalogram ( EEG ) During the Wada Test? | {
"contexts": [
"The Wada test is a diagnostic method to anesthetize 1 cerebral hemisphere and assess the language and memory functions of awake contralateral hemisphere before temporal lobectomy in patients with epilepsy. The effects of an ipsilateral injection of etomidate on the functional properties of contralateral hemisphere are not known. Our aim was to characterize the electroencephalographic (EEG) effects after intracarotid injection of etomidate and to determine the changes in synchronization between the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres.",
"We retrospectively analyzed EEG data from 15 patients who underwent Wada test with etomidate. Continuous EEG data from 4 electrodes (2 anterior [F3, F4] and 2 posterior [P3, P4]) were analyzed. After artifact rejection, we measured the amplitudes of delta (1 to 4 Hz) and alpha (7 to 13 Hz) waves and the changes in the interhemispheric synchronization before, during, and after etomidate injection.",
"Ipsilateral injection of etomidate causes EEG changes in both hemispheres with increased amplitude of delta waves anteriorly and the alpha waves posteriorly. However this effect of etomidate is not uniform. Although there was a decrease in the interhemispheric synchronization of delta waves, there was no change in the synchronization of the alpha waves."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Brain",
"Electroencephalography",
"Etomidate",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Hypnotics and Sedatives",
"Male",
"Retrospective Studies"
]
} | Our study showed that the EEG effects of intracarotid ipsilateral injection of etomidate is not uniform in both hemispheres. Decrease in the interhemispheric synchronization of delta waves might serve as an indicator of ipsilateral effect of etomidate on the brain. Additional studies are needed to confirm our findings. | yes | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does intracarotid Etomidate decrease the Interhemispheric Synchronization in Electroencephalogram ( EEG ) During the Wada Test?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The Wada test is a diagnostic method to anesthetize 1 cerebral hemisphere and assess the language and memory functions of awake contralateral hemisphere before temporal lobectomy in patients with epilepsy. The effects of an ipsilateral injection of etomidate on the functional properties of contralateral hemisphere are not known. Our aim was to characterize the electroencephalographic (EEG) effects after intracarotid injection of etomidate and to determine the changes in synchronization between the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres.', 'We retrospectively analyzed EEG data from 15 patients who underwent Wada test with etomidate. Continuous EEG data from 4 electrodes (2 anterior [F3, F4] and 2 posterior [P3, P4]) were analyzed. After artifact rejection, we measured the amplitudes of delta (1 to 4 Hz) and alpha (7 to 13 Hz) waves and the changes in the interhemispheric synchronization before, during, and after etomidate injection.', 'Ipsilateral injection of etomidate causes EEG changes in both hemispheres with increased amplitude of delta waves anteriorly and the alpha waves posteriorly. However this effect of etomidate is not uniform. Although there was a decrease in the interhemispheric synchronization of delta waves, there was no change in the synchronization of the alpha waves.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Brain', 'Electroencephalography', 'Etomidate', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
]
|
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