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import requests
import re
import json
import ast
import os
import ui
import threading
import tarfile
import math
import time
import plistlib
import console
import shutil
import sqlite3
import datetime
from Managers import DBManager, TypeManager
from Utilities import LogThread
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
class StackOverflow (object):
def __init__(self):
self.__version = ''
self.__name = ''
self.__aliases = []
self.__tags = []
self.__keyword = ''
self.__icon = None
self.__id = ''
self.__path = None
self.__status = ''
self.__stats = ''
self.__onlineid = ''
self.__type = ''
@property
def onlineid(self):
return self.__onlineid
@onlineid.setter
def onlineid(self, id):
self.__onlineid = id
@property
def version(self):
return self.__version
@version.setter
def version(self, version):
self.__version = version
@property
def name(self):
return self.__name
@name.setter
def name(self, name):
self.__name = name
@property
def aliases(self):
return self.__aliases
@aliases.setter
def aliases(self, aliases):
self.__aliases = aliases
@property
def tags(self):
return self.__aliases
@tags.setter
def tags(self, tags):
self.__tags = tags
@property
def keyword(self):
return self.__keyword
@keyword.setter
def keyword(self, keyword):
self.__keyword = keyword
@property
def image(self):
return self.__icon
@image.setter
def image(self, icon):
self.__icon = icon
@property
def id(self):
return self.__id
@id.setter
def id(self, id):
self.__id = id
@property
def path(self):
return self.__path
@path.setter
def path(self, path):
self.__path = path
@property
def status(self):
return self.__status
@status.setter
def status(self, status):
self.__status = status
@property
def stats(self):
return self.__stats
@stats.setter
def stats(self, stats):
self.__stats = stats
@property
def type(self):
return self.__type
@type.setter
def type(self, type):
self.__type = type
class StackOverflowManager (object):
def __init__(self, serverManager, iconPath, typeIconPath):
self.typeManager = TypeManager.TypeManager(typeIconPath)
self.serverManager = serverManager
self.iconPath = iconPath
self.typeIconPath = typeIconPath
self.localServer = None
self.jsonServerLocation = 'zzz/stackoverflow/index.json'
self.downloadServerLocation = 'zzz/stackoverflow/%@_%v.tgz'
self.plistPath = 'Contents/Info.plist'
self.indexPath = 'Contents/Resources/docSet.dsidx'
self.stackoverflowFolder = 'Docsets/StackOverflow'
self.headers = {'User-Agent': 'PyDoc-Pythonista'}
self.stackoverflows = None
self.downloading = []
self.updateAvailable = []
self.workThreads = []
self.downloadThreads = []
self.uiUpdateThreads = []
self.__createStackOverflowFolder()
self.createInitialSearchIndexAllDocsets()
def getAvailableStackOverflows(self):
stackoverflows = self.__getOnlineStackOverflows()
for d in self.__getDownloadedStackOverflows():
for s in stackoverflows:
if s.name+s.type == d.name:
s.status = 'installed'
s.path = d.path
s.id = d.id
s.version = d.version
for d in self.updateAvailable:
for s in stackoverflows:
if s.name+s.type == d.name+d.type:
s.status = "Update Available"
for d in self.__getDownloadingStackOverflows():
for s in stackoverflows:
if s.name+s.type == d.name:
s.status = d.status
s.version = d.version
try:
s.stats = d.stats
except KeyError:
s.stats = 'downloading'
return stackoverflows
def __getOnlineStackOverflows(self):
if self.stackoverflows == None:
self.stackoverflows = self.__getStackOverflows()
return self.stackoverflows
def __getDownloadedStackOverflows(self):
ds = []
dbManager = DBManager.DBManager()
t = dbManager.InstalledDocsetsByType('stackoverflow')
ds = []
for d in t:
aa = StackOverflow()
aa.name = d[1]
aa.id = d[0]
aa.path = os.path.join(os.path.abspath('.'),d[2])
aa.image = self.__getIconWithName(d[4])
aa.type = d[6]
aa.version = d[5]
ds.append(aa)
return ds
def __getDownloadingStackOverflows(self):
return self.downloading
def getDownloadedStackOverflows(self):
return self.__getDownloadedStackOverflows()
def __getStackOverflows(self):
server = self.serverManager.getDownloadServer(self.localServer)
url = server.url
if not url[-1] == '/':
url = url + '/'
url = url + self.jsonServerLocation
data = requests.get(url).text
data = ast.literal_eval(data)
stackoverflows = []
onlineIcon = self.__getIconWithName('soonline')
offlineIcon = self.__getIconWithName('sooffline')
for k,d in data['docsets'].items():
if 'online' in d['variants'].keys():
s = StackOverflow()
s.name = d['name']
s.aliases = d['aliases']
s.version = d['version']
s.tags = d['tags']
s.keyword = d['keyword']
s.image = onlineIcon
s.onlineid = k
s.status = 'online'
s.type = 'Online'
stackoverflows.append(s)
if 'offline' in d['variants'].keys():
so = StackOverflow()
so.name = d['name']
so.aliases = d['aliases']
so.version = d['version']
so.tags = d['tags']
so.keyword = d['keyword']
so.image = offlineIcon
so.onlineid = k
so.status = 'online'
so.type = 'Offline'
stackoverflows.append(so)
return sorted(stackoverflows, key=lambda x: x.name.lower())
def checkDocsetsForUpdates(self, docsets):
console.show_activity('Checking for updates...')
self.stackoverflows = None
online = self.__getOnlineStackOverflows()
for d in docsets:
if d.status == 'installed':
console.show_activity('Checking ' + d.name + ' for update...')
for f in online:
if f.name == d.name:
if datetime.datetime.strptime(d.version.replace('Sept', 'Sep'), '%b %d, %Y') < datetime.datetime.strptime(f.version.replace('Sept', 'Sep'), '%b %d, %Y'):
d.status = 'Update Available'
d.version = f.version
self.updateAvailable.append(d)
def __getIconWithName(self, name):
imgPath = os.path.join(os.path.abspath('.'), self.iconPath, name+'.png')
if not os.path.exists(imgPath):
imgPath = os.path.join(os.path.abspath('.'), self.iconPath, 'Other.png')
return ui.Image.named(imgPath)
def __createStackOverflowFolder(self):
if not os.path.exists(self.stackoverflowFolder):
os.mkdir(self.stackoverflowFolder)
def downloadStackOverflow(self, stackoverflow, action, refresh_main_view):
if not stackoverflow in self.downloading:
removeSoon = []
for d in self.updateAvailable:
if d.name+d.type == stackoverflow.name+stackoverflow.type:
removeSoon.append(d)
for d in removeSoon:
self.updateAvailable.remove(d)
stackoverflow.status = 'downloading'
self.downloading.append(stackoverflow)
action()
workThread = LogThread.LogThread(target=self.__determineUrlAndDownload, args=(stackoverflow,action,refresh_main_view,))
self.workThreads.append(workThread)
workThread.start()
def __determineUrlAndDownload(self, stackoverflow, action, refresh_main_view):
stackoverflow.stats = 'getting download link'
action()
downloadLink = self.__getDownloadLink(stackoverflow.onlineid, stackoverflow.type)
downloadThread = LogThread.LogThread(target=self.downloadFile, args=(downloadLink,stackoverflow,refresh_main_view,))
self.downloadThreads.append(downloadThread)
downloadThread.start()
updateThread = LogThread.LogThread(target=self.updateUi, args=(action,downloadThread,))
self.uiUpdateThreads.append(updateThread)
updateThread.start()
def updateUi(self, action, t):
while t.is_alive():
action()
time.sleep(0.5)
action()
def __getDownloadLink(self, id, type):
server = self.serverManager.getDownloadServer(self.localServer)
url = server.url
if not url[-1] == '/':
url = url + '/'
url = url + self.downloadServerLocation
url = url.replace('%@', id)
url = url.replace('%v', type)
return url
def downloadFile(self, url, stackoverflow, refresh_main_view):
local_filename = self.__downloadFile(url, stackoverflow)
stackoverflow.status = 'waiting for install'
self.installStackOverflow(local_filename, stackoverflow, refresh_main_view)
def __downloadFile(self, url, stackoverflow):
local_filename = self.stackoverflowFolder+'/'+url.split('/')[-1]
r = requests.get(url, headers = self.headers, stream=True)
ret = None
if r.status_code == 200:
ret = local_filename
total_length = r.headers.get('content-length')
dl = 0
last = 0
if os.path.exists(local_filename):
os.remove(local_filename)
with open(local_filename, 'wb') as f:
for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):
if chunk: # filter out keep-alive new chunks
dl += len(chunk)
f.write(chunk)
if not total_length == None:
done = 100 * dl / int(total_length)
stackoverflow.stats = str(round(done,2)) + '% ' + str(self.convertSize(dl)) + ' / '+ str(self.convertSize(float(total_length)))
else:
stackoverflow.stats = str(self.convertSize(dl))
r.close()
return ret
def installStackOverflow(self, filename, stackoverflow, refresh_main_view):
extract_location = self.stackoverflowFolder
stackoverflow.status = 'Preparing to install: This might take a while.'
tar = tarfile.open(filename, 'r:gz')
n = [name for name in tar.getnames() if '/' not in name][0]
m = os.path.join(self.stackoverflowFolder, n)
tar.extractall(path=extract_location, members = self.track_progress(tar, stackoverflow, len(tar.getmembers())))
tar.close()
os.remove(filename)
dbManager = DBManager.DBManager()
icon = 'soonline'
if stackoverflow.type == 'Offline':
icon = 'sooffline'
dbManager.DocsetInstalled(stackoverflow.name+stackoverflow.type, m, 'stackoverflow', icon, stackoverflow.version, stackoverflow.type)
if stackoverflow in self.downloading:
self.downloading.remove(stackoverflow)
self.indexStackOverflow(stackoverflow, refresh_main_view, m)
def track_progress(self, members, stackoverflow, totalFiles):
i = 0
for member in members:
i = i + 1
done = 100 * i / totalFiles
stackoverflow.status = 'installing: ' + str(round(done,2)) + '% ' + str(i) + ' / '+ str(totalFiles)
yield member
def indexStackOverflow(self, stackoverflow, refresh_main_view, path):
stackoverflow.status = 'indexing'
indexPath = os.path.join(path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
sql = 'SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = \'table\' AND name = \'searchIndex\''
c = conn.execute(sql)
data = c.fetchone()
if int(data[0]) == 0:
sql = 'CREATE TABLE searchIndex(rowid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, type TEXT, path TEXT)'
c = conn.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
sql = 'SELECT f.ZPATH, m.ZANCHOR, t.ZTOKENNAME, ty.ZTYPENAME, t.rowid FROM ZTOKEN t, ZTOKENTYPE ty, ZFILEPATH f, ZTOKENMETAINFORMATION m WHERE ty.Z_PK = t.ZTOKENTYPE AND f.Z_PK = m.ZFILE AND m.ZTOKEN = t.Z_PK ORDER BY t.ZTOKENNAME'
c = conn.execute(sql)
data = c.fetchall()
for t in data:
conn.execute("insert into searchIndex values (?, ?, ?, ?)", (t[4], t[2], self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[3]).name, t[0] ))
conn.commit()
else:
sql = 'SELECT rowid, type FROM searchIndex'
c = conn.execute(sql)
data = c.fetchall()
for t in data:
newType = self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[1])
if not newType == None and not newType.name == t[1]:
conn.execute("UPDATE searchIndex SET type=(?) WHERE rowid = (?)", (newType.name, t[0] ))
conn.commit()
indexSql = 'CREATE INDEX ix_searchIndex_name ON searchIndex(name)'
conn.execute(indexSql)
conn.close()
self.postProcess(stackoverflow, refresh_main_view)
def createInitialSearchIndexAllDocsets(self):
docsets = self.getDownloadedStackOverflows()
for d in docsets:
indexPath = os.path.join(d.path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
indexSql = 'CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS ix_searchIndex_name ON searchIndex(name)'
conn.execute(indexSql)
conn.close()
def postProcess(self, stackoverflow, refresh_main_view):
stackoverflow.status = 'installed'
refresh_main_view()
def convertSize(self, size):
if (size == 0):
return '0B'
size_name = ("B", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB", "EB", "ZB", "YB")
i = int(math.floor(math.log(size,1024)))
p = math.pow(1024,i)
s = round(size/p,2)
return '%s %s' % (s,size_name[i])
def deleteStackOverflow(self, stackoverflow, post_action, confirm = True):
but = 1
if confirm:
but = console.alert('Are you sure?', 'Would you like to delete the docset, ' + stackoverflow.name, 'Ok')
if but == 1:
dbmanager = DBManager.DBManager()
dbmanager.DocsetRemoved(stackoverflow.id)
shutil.rmtree(stackoverflow.path)
stackoverflow.status = 'online'
if not post_action == None:
post_action()
stackoverflow.path = None
def getTypesForStackOverflow(self, stackoverflow):
types = []
path = stackoverflow.path
indexPath = os.path.join(path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
sql = 'SELECT type FROM searchIndex GROUP BY type ORDER BY type COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql)
data = c.fetchall()
conn.close()
for t in data:
types.append(self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[0]))
return types
def getIndexesbyTypeForStackOverflow(self, stackoverflow, type):
indexes = []
path = stackoverflow.path
indexPath = os.path.join(path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex WHERE type = (?) ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql, (type.name,))
data = c.fetchall()
conn.close()
dTypes ={}
type = None
for t in data:
if t[0] in dTypes.keys():
type= dTypes[t[0]]
else:
type = self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[0])
dTypes[t[0]] = type
indexes.append({'type':type, 'name':t[1],'path':t[2]})
return indexes
def getIndexesbyTypeAndNameForDocset(self, stackoverflow, typeName, name):
indexes = []
path = stackoverflow.path
indexPath = os.path.join(path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex WHERE type = (?) AND name LIKE (?) ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql, (typeName, name,))
data = c.fetchall()
conn.close()
dTypes = {}
type = None
for t in data:
if t[0] in dTypes.keys():
type= dTypes[t[0]]
else:
type = self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[0])
dTypes[t[0]] = type
indexes.append({'type':type, 'name':t[1],'path':t[2]})
return indexes
def getIndexesByNameForDocset(self, stackoverflow, name):
indexes = []
path = stackoverflow.path
indexPath = os.path.join(path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex WHERE name LIKE (?) ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql, (name,))
data = c.fetchall()
conn.close()
dTypes = {}
type = None
for t in data:
if t[0] in dTypes.keys():
type= dTypes[t[0]]
else:
type = self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[0])
dTypes[t[0]] = type
indexes.append({'type':type, 'name':t[1],'path':t[2]})
return indexes
def getIndexesForStackOverflow(self, stackoverflow):
indexes = []
path = stackoverflow.path
indexPath = os.path.join(path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql)
data = c.fetchall()
conn.close()
dTypes = {}
type = None
for t in data:
if t[0] in dTypes.keys():
type= dTypes[t[0]]
else:
type = self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[0])
dTypes[t[0]] = type
indexes.append({'type':type, 'name':t[1],'path':t[2]})
return types
def getIndexesbyNameForAllStackOverflow(self, name):
if name == None or name == '':
return {}
else:
docsets = self.getDownloadedStackOverflows()
indexes = {}
for d in docsets:
ind = self.getIndexesbyNameForDocsetSearch(d, name)
for k in ind:
if not k in indexes.keys():
indexes[k] = []
indexes[k].extend(ind[k])
return indexes
def getIndexesbyNameForDocsetSearch(self, docset, name):
if name == None or name == '':
return []
else:
ind = {}
path = docset.path
indexPath = os.path.join(path, self.indexPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex WHERE name LIKE (?) ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql, (name, ))
data = {'first' : c.fetchall()}
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex WHERE name LIKE (?) AND name NOT LIKE (?) ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql, (name.replace(' ','%'), name, ))
data['second'] = c.fetchall()
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex WHERE name LIKE (?) AND name NOT LIKE (?) AND name NOT LIKE (?) ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql, (name.replace(' ','%')+'%', name.replace(' ','%'), name, ))
data['third'] = c.fetchall()
sql = 'SELECT type, name, path FROM searchIndex WHERE name LIKE (?) AND name NOT LIKE (?) AND name NOT LIKE (?) AND name NOT LIKE (?) ORDER BY name COLLATE NOCASE'
c = conn.execute(sql, ('%'+name.replace(' ','%')+'%',name.replace(' ','%')+'%',name.replace(' ','%'), name, ))
data['fourth'] = c.fetchall()
conn.close()
dTypes = {}
for k in data:
ind[k] = []
for t in data[k]:
callbackOverride = ''
if docset.type == 'Online':
url = t[2]
url = url.replace(' ', '%20')
else:
url = t[2]
callbackOverride = 'sooffline'
type = None
if t[0] in dTypes.keys():
type= dTypes[t[0]]
else:
type = self.typeManager.getTypeForName(t[0])
dTypes[t[0]] = type
head, _sep, tail = docset.name.rpartition(docset.type)
ind[k].append({'name':t[1], 'path':url, 'icon':docset.image,'docsetname':head + tail,'type':type, 'callbackOverride':callbackOverride, 'docset': docset})
return ind
def buildOfflineDocsetHtml(self, entry, docset):
indexPath = os.path.join(docset.path, self.indexPath)
id = entry['path'].split('#',1)[0].replace('dash-stack://','')
conn = sqlite3.connect(indexPath)
questionSql = 'SELECT body, score, owneruserid, creationdate, acceptedanswerid FROM Posts WHERE ID = (?)'
c = conn.execute(questionSql, (id,))
question = c.fetchall()
if len(question) > 0:
question = question[0]
else:
question = ['','','']
questionUserSql = 'SELECT DisplayName, AccountId FROM Users WHERE ID = (?)'
c = conn.execute(questionUserSql, (question[2],))
questionUser = c.fetchall()
if len(questionUser) > 0:
questionUser = questionUser[0]
else:
questionUser = ['[Deleted User]','','']
acceptedAnswerSql = 'SELECT body, id, score, owneruserid, creationdate FROM Posts WHERE Id = (?)'
c = conn.execute(acceptedAnswerSql, (question[4],))
acceptedAnswer = c.fetchall()
answerSql = 'SELECT body, id, score, owneruserid, creationdate FROM Posts WHERE ParentId = (?) and id != (?)'
c = conn.execute(answerSql, (id,question[4],))
answers = c.fetchall()
commentsSql = 'SELECT text, creationdate, userid FROM comments WHERE PostId = (?) ORDER BY creationdate'
with open('Resources/header.html', 'rb') as f:
header = f.read().decode('utf8')
with open('Resources/body.html', 'rb') as f:
bodyTemplate = f.read().decode('utf8')
with open('Resources/answers.html', 'rb') as f:
answerTemplate = f.read().decode('utf8')
with open('Resources/AcceptedAnswer.html', 'rb') as f:
acceptedAnswerTemplate = f.read().decode('utf8')
with open('Resources/comments.html', 'rb') as f:
commentsTemplate = f.read().decode('utf8')
questionTime = time.strftime('%d-%b-%Y at %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(question[3]))
body = header
body += bodyTemplate.replace('{{{PostBody}}}', question[0]).replace('{{{Title}}}', entry['name']).replace('{{{AnswerCount}}}', str(len(answers)+len(acceptedAnswer))).replace('{{{Id}}}', str(id)).replace('{{{PostScore}}}', str(question[1])).replace('{{{PostOwnerDisplayName}}}', str(questionUser[0])).replace('{{{PostOwnerId}}}', str(question[2])).replace('{{{PostDateTime}}}', str(questionTime))
answerData = ''
if len(acceptedAnswer) > 0:
aad = acceptedAnswer[0]
acceptedAnswerTime = time.strftime('%d-%b-%Y at %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(aad[4]))
c = conn.execute(questionUserSql, (aad[3],))
acceptedAnswerUser = c.fetchall()
if len(acceptedAnswerUser) > 0:
acceptedAnswerUser = acceptedAnswerUser[0]
else:
acceptedAnswerUser = ['[Deleted User]','','']
c = conn.execute(commentsSql, (aad[1],))
comments = c.fetchall()
commentData = ''
for comment in comments:
c = conn.execute(questionUserSql, (comment[2],))
commentUser = c.fetchall()
if len(commentUser) > 0:
commentUser = commentUser[0]
else:
commentUser = ['[Deleted User]','','']
commentTime = time.strftime('%d-%b-%Y at %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(comment[1]))
commentData += commentsTemplate.replace('{{{CommentBody}}}', comment[0]).replace('{{{CommentOwnerId}}}', str(comment[2])).replace('{{{CommentDisplayname}}}',commentUser[0]).replace('{{{CommentDateTime}}}',str(commentTime))
aa = answerTemplate.replace('{{{AnswerScore}}}', str(aad[2])).replace('{{{AcceptedAnswer}}}', acceptedAnswerTemplate).replace('{{{AnswerDateTime}}}', str(acceptedAnswerTime)).replace('{{{AnswerBody}}}', aad[0]).replace('{{{AnswerDisplayName}}}',acceptedAnswerUser[0]).replace('{{{AnswerOwnerId}}}', str(aad[3])).replace('{{{Comments}}}', commentData)
answerData = aa
for answer in answers:
answerTime = time.strftime('%d-%b-%Y at %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(answer[4]))
c = conn.execute(questionUserSql, (answer[3],))
answerUser = c.fetchall()
if len(answerUser) > 0:
answerUser = answerUser[0]
else:
answerUser = ['[Deleted User]','','']
c = conn.execute(commentsSql, (answer[1],))
comments = c.fetchall()
commentData = ''
for comment in comments:
c = conn.execute(questionUserSql, (comment[2],))
commentUser = c.fetchall()
if len(commentUser) > 0:
commentUser = commentUser[0]
else:
commentUser = ['[Deleted User]','','']
commentTime = time.strftime('%d-%b-%Y at %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(comment[1]))
commentData += commentsTemplate.replace('{{{CommentBody}}}', comment[0]).replace('{{{CommentOwnerId}}}', str(comment[2])).replace('{{{CommentDisplayname}}}',commentUser[0]).replace('{{{CommentDateTime}}}',str(commentTime))
answerData += answerTemplate.replace('{{{AnswerScore}}}', str(answer[2])).replace('{{{AcceptedAnswer}}}', ' ').replace('{{{AnswerDateTime}}}', str(answerTime)).replace('{{{AnswerBody}}}', answer[0]).replace('{{{AnswerDisplayName}}}',answerUser[0]).replace('{{{AnswerOwnerId}}}', str(answer[3])).replace('{{{Comments}}}', commentData)
body += answerData
body += '</body></html>'
conn.close()
# return '<html><body>' + body + '</body</html>'
return body
if __name__ == '__main__':
import ServerManager
c = StackOverflowManager(ServerManager.ServerManager(), '../Images/icons')
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
JPO Publishing | Everyone has a Story
Nairobae
Talking Gender
Letters from TZ
Stop it! Say what?
March 20, 2016 * by julie masiga * Leave a comment
So remember how I inadvertently taught Adoti how to say, "What?" I've since regretted doing that because there is something quite startling about an almost-two-year-old (two months to go!) looking you dead in the face when you call her name and saying, "What." It's surreal. But I'll chalk it up to development and those doggone milestones.
When the word "What" is not rolling off her tongue, Adoti is jumping up and down. As in literally jumping up and down. That's how she gets around these days – when she's not dashing from one corner of the earth to the other like a roadrunner – with two feet in the air. I've read that learning how to jump is a key milestone among kids her age. Yeah, no kidding.
So now we have a new bedtime routine. Jumping off the coffee table (I must stress that it is wooden, no glass involved), onto the couch and then on to the floor …and then repeat.
At every stage down that dangerous path, I'm yelling, "Stop it Adoti!"
She looks at me gleefully, one leg already over the arm rest, and says, "Okay!" which she always says on a rush of breath so that it comes out, "Okehh!" (she knows how to say it but she couldn't care less what it means).
"Get down! No for climbing!"
"Yes!" she says, hopping of the couch and heading straight for the coffee table. She means "Yes!" but when she says it, it comes out "Yeish!"
Which makes me laugh to no end because I used to have a friend in college who used to say, "yeiz" for "yes" and "impoezzibo" for "impossible".
So while I'm supposed to have my stern, no-nonsense face on, there I am laughing, not helping matters at all. In the end I say, "This is the last time I'm telling you to stop it. Next time you'll be in a time-out!"
"Okehh! Yeish!"
But off she goes again, jumping on and off household furniture like a ping pong ball on steroids.
At this point I have to put her in a time-out. But because I have never been able to get her to sit still in a corner, her time-outs are on my lap, where she has to sit for two minutes …okay, let's just say for many seconds.
She hates, hates, hates it, wriggling and squirming all the way through. Trying to guilt me into letting her go by turning her head at an uncomfortable angle and gazing tearfully into my eyes. When that fails, she reaches out her hands in Nanny Lucy's direction, wailing pitifully. Eventually, I let her go, more because I've been exhausted by her antics than anything else. But I do kneel down so that we're eye-to-eye (well almost) and tell her not to jump on and off of things willy-nilly.
And for a few moments, she seems to get it. For a while, there is peace in the house but then within minutes she's back on the merry bandwagon again, hooting and hollering like it's her birthday and leapfrogging over pieces of furniture like they were miniature size.
So we hit 'bo selecta' on the whole process. Mind you, this is usually at about nine o'clock at night. But for Adoti, it may as well be high noon. Sigh.
When I threaten her with a time-out for the 57th time, and start to rise, she actually backs into the corner of the room and says, "Stop it!" which comes out, "Schobish!"
You have to laugh. As you can imagine, discipline in my house is an absolute disaster. Is she a toddler or a small-bodied comedienne? Either way, that kid's got my number, I'm telling you. She gets me every damn time with her impish grin and her comical antics. I wonder where she gets it from, I really do.
Anyway, I told my sister about the latest word in our vocabulary and she began to chuckle, her eyes twinkling with the mischief of an almost-two-year-old.
"Are you sure she's saying, 'stop it'," she asked, trying for innocence and failing miserably.
"Well, yeah. What else would she be saying? I say 'stop it' to her all the time, so she must have caught on," I say, insulted. Why wouldn't my daughter know how to say 'stop it'? Huh? Why?
"Uhhmmm …are you sure she's not saying, "Shove it!"
You have to laugh.
Illustration: Ann Michelson
Adotibirthdaybo selectadisciplinehouseinsultednannysay whatshove itstop itwailing
julie masiga
Welcome to my world of words. It is the East and I am the Sun. That's why they call me Juliet. Ms Julie if you're nasty.
Can motherhood ruin your life?
Milestones measured in tea and bread
Mama will knock you out!
Living in baboon country August 16, 2020
There's a heaven for a G December 4, 2018
Living in a black man's head November 28, 2018
'Rafiki' is making enemies of people everywhere September 28, 2018
Why attitudes towards sexual violence in Kenya need a major refresh July 27, 2018
Copyright © 2016. Julie Masiga. All Rights Reserved.
Design by Belva Digital | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
2Point, Inc.
Proven expertise in land surveying & laws of retracement
Boundary Retracement
Easements & Access
© 2023 by 2Point, Inc.
Established in 2000, 2Point, Incorporated has achieved recognition and respect within the surveying and legal communities specializing in difficult retracements and boundary problems—often involving issues many firms tend to avoid.
The company primarily engages in complex boundary disputes, access issues and consultation for attorneys who require an expert surveyor with specialized knowledge of unusual or obscure aspects of real estate law.
2Point is a closely held company. Kristopher and Robyn Kline are the only officers; our surveys and other projects are not "farmed out" to employees. You can rest assured that work elements for your project will not be delegated to inexperienced personnel. Kris is a licensed professional surveyor, author, and consultant. As office manager, Robyn has long experience in quality control and routinely reviews our maps and other documents before their release.
Kristopher M. Kline
Professional Land Surveyor
and Author
Kristopher M. Kline, president of 2Point, Inc., has a Bachelor of Science degree (class of '84) in general science from Bridgewater College in Bridgewater, Va. He has been involved in the surveying profession since graduation.
Licensed in North Carolina in 1991 (P.L.S. L - 3374), Kris is a 1999 graduate of the North Carolina Society of Surveyors (N.C.S.S.) Institute, a three-year continuing education program that for many years drew national attention for the quality of its curriculum and instructors. Kris chaired the N.C.S.S. Education Committee for three years.
In 2001, Kris began offering continuing education courses in North Carolina on legal aspects of retracement. More recently, his teaching career has expanded to include conferences and seminars nationwide. Course offerings now include a broad range of topics, including adverse possession and other unwritten rights, riparian law, mineral rights, and courtroom preparation. Customized courses tailored to the jurisdiction in which they are presented enhance their value to the professional. Kris has presented several keynote addresses for state conventions.
In 2011, he began publishing the column "Unmistakable Marks" in Point of Beginning magazine, a national trade journal for surveying professionals. Kris presently submits bi-monthly articles for the magazine, and he has published more than 50 articles to date. These write-ups are intended for a national audience and generally focus on various legal aspects of boundary retracement.
In August 2013, Kris published his first book, "Rooted in Stone: the Development of Adverse Possession in 20 Eastern States and the District of Columbia." This text considers adverse possession and prescriptive easements from their early origins to the present day. Separate chapters are dedicated to variations between jurisdictions in the eastern United States.
His second book, "Riparian Boundaries and Rights of Navigation," includes extensive discussion of the many definitions of the term "navigable." This short volume was completed in 2015 and focuses on property rights along smaller rivers, streams, lakes and estuaries. It considers the inevitable confusion that results when modern definitions are applied to early grants and the effects of subsequent legislation on riparian rights.
Kris' third (and latest) book was released in December 2016. "How to Fix a Boundary Line" chronicles variations in the legal mechanisms related to unwritten property rights across the United States. Topics include acquiescence, part performance of oral contracts, adverse possession, estoppel and the doctrine of merger. | {
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The physical QWERTY keyboard is, and will be for some time, the most common way to input text to a desktop or laptop. With the expansion of tablet and slate computing, however, these bulky, mechanical devices are sure to go out of style. Or are they? Let's look at the currently available options for text input and what might stick around.
Click through to read this article, and take the opportunity to sniff around this awesome site.
Share if you like this post, and subscribe via Email or by RSS if you like this blog! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Soup request - dark mahogany home libraries
Gritty March 26, 2018, 4:40pm #1
Or a den if you must. I made thread like 5 years ago but I'm jonesin bad bro. The darker the better. Don't put ones with big spinning globes too early in thread. Don't wanna bust too soon
PumpkinSpiceLazarus March 26, 2018, 4:41pm #2
ShanTheMan March 26, 2018, 4:43pm #3
If you call it a Study I am gonna have to fingerblast myself
ShanTheMan -
Don't get in on my decanter
WillyMaunawili March 26, 2018, 4:46pm #5
My goal in life is to have many leather bound books, and for my home to smell of rich mahogany
Brockback_Mountain March 26, 2018, 4:46pm #6
Like this dark?
Black_Dougie March 26, 2018, 4:46pm #7
He's busy in another thread handling some much more important mohogany issues
lionsoul March 26, 2018, 4:56pm #8
The "Skywalker Ranch" — film producer George Lucas' private retreat — houses a research library with a magnificent glass ceiling dome in Nicasio, California. Though the ranch is not open to the public, filmmakers can make an appointment to visit.
Complete with wall-length windows, this library lives below a lofted hangout space inside a private studio in Seattle, Washington. The owner can slide down from the loft to the library using a built-in gold pole.
lionsoul March 26, 2018, 4:59pm #10
Located in inventor Jay Walker's home in Ridgefield, Connecticut, this 3,600-square-foot library features multiple staircases and over 30,000 books, maps, charts, and pieces of artwork.
Designed by Gianni Botsford Architects in Costa Rica, this private backyard library has its own entrance and deck leading out from the main house.
The books in this London library are hidden in a wooden staircase, which leads up to a lofted bedroom. Levitate Architects designed the library as a solution to the residents' book-storage problem (the staircase can hold about 2,000 volumes).
Gritty March 26, 2018, 5:28pm #13
Need more intimate and darker
PumpkinSpiceLazarus March 26, 2018, 5:29pm #14
I'm close
The home library inside this $18 million Manhattan townhouse, which serves as a three-unit co-op, stretches two flights. When it was built in the 1930s, it was home to the Hans Hoffman Art School.
McSurly March 26, 2018, 10:46pm #16
Cloaca_the_Powerful March 26, 2018, 11:33pm #17
Spiral staircase is a must.
lionsoul March 26, 2018, 11:35pm #18
Richard Macksey, a professor and director of the humanities department at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, owns a home library with over 70,000 books and manuscripts. It's one of the largest private collections in Maryland.
Inspired by the process of creating the 30,000-volume library for his 15th century home in Loire, France, writer Alberto Manguel wrote an entire book pondering the meaning of libraries, called "The Library at Night." | {
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} |
Employers who lose an equal pay claim could now be subject to an equal pay audit on their entire workforce.
The update to the Equality Act came into force on 1 October and means that tribunals are obliged to order the audits on any employers who lose an equal pay claim.
There are a few exceptions, such as cases where the tribunal decides the audit would be more problematic than beneficial, or if it thinks there is no reason to believe there are any other equal pay breaches within the company.
Businesses that have undergone an audit within the last three years would also be exempt, as would companies that are less than 12 months old or have less than 10 full-time employees.
The equal pay audits can cover all aspects of an employee's income, including sick-pay, bonuses, overtime and pensions. Employers would be ordered to publish the results of the audit on their website, and also inform all their employees and relevant unions of the findings. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
A scarce edition of this German language book by Dr. William Lobe.Concerning the lexicon of agriculture and agriculture's impact on economy and science, the book makes for an interesting insight into 19th Century rural Germany.
A scarce German mathematical work from astronomer Otto RausenbergerWith formulas and diagrams in the text.
A German work on fossils and paleontology.Illustrated with twenty-two plates and engravings in the text.
A scarce ethnological study on the development of punishment in society by Sebald Rudolf Steinmetz. First edition. In German. Steinmetz was the progenitor of the sociology of his country. Complete in two volumes.
Paper vellum spine with grey paper boards and red and gilt spine label. A german translation of the letters of Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. It is illustrated with engraved portrait of each.
A lavishly illustrated work on Greek sculpture from Reinhard Lullies. Second, extended edition. In German. With hundreds of photographic illustrations, many of which are coloured.
A handsome copy of the complete works of Heinrich Heines, the famous German poet. With a frontispiece of Hienes, in black letter throughout. With a biography of the author by Stephen Born.
A German guide to cocoa-painting from J. M. Erich Weber.Illustrated with several coloured plates. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Molnar Family Poseidon's Vineyard Carneros Pinot Noir 2007
Wine Club featured in Collectors Series - 2 Reds
The 2007 Molnar Family Poseidon's Vineyard Pinot Noir is one suave, sophisticated Pinot Noir. Seductive in the nose, it offers entrancing scents of crushed berries, cola, and plum. On the palate, the wine's alluring aromatics follow through and mingle with hints of forest woodlands, herbs, and Asian spices. Smooth, textured, and expansive in the mouth, this mid-weight Pinot Noir is ideal for drinking now and for the next several years. For optimal enjoyment of Molnar's enchanting 2007 Poseidon's Vineyard Pinot Noir, we suggest you allow the wine 15-20 minutes of aeration in the glass before serving. And for most tastes, consumption at cool room temperature (60º-66º F) provides additional pleasure. Enjoy!
When Pinot Noir is as expansive and textured as the 2007 Molnar Family Poseidon's Vineyard Pinot Noir, it needs little in the way of accompaniment to shine. In fact, this silky Pinot Noir is a joy to drink on its own. Yet, Molnar's savory Pinot Noir has the ability to transform a meal into a feast. So, why not pair it with roast duck or chicken or a simple beef or pork roast? Spiral sliced ham, served with a savory homemade potato salad, leek tart, or cheese pie gets our nod, too. Traditional French classics such as Coq au Vin; Boeuf Bourguignon; and Rack of Lamb, served with tender young vegetables and Mediterranean garnish, provide Molnar's delicious Pinot Noir additional opportunities to work its magic. A plate of three or four soft cheeses, served with ripe apples, provides another simple treat. Bon Appétit!
Nicolas Molnar was one of the fortunate survivors of the 1956 Hungarian Uprising against Soviet communist oppression; he managed to escape. His odyssey led him to America where in the early 1960s he discovered Napa Valley. The wines of Napa Valley reminded him of Hungary, and the land was both bountiful and beautiful. When everyone else with a few dollars and a passion for wines was buying land in the northern part of Napa Valley and planting Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon in the hot zones of Napa, Molnar quietly began purchasing land and developing vineyards in the coolest part of southern Napa in a place called Carneros. In the 1960s, sheep outnumbered people in Carneros. Carneros, which lies along San Pablo Bay (the northern extension of San Francisco Bay), was considered a favored locale for agriculture by the early Spanish missionaries. Carneros viticulture thrived in the colonial period and during the Gold Rush, but since Prohibition, grazing had become the Carneros district's only real claim to fame. Most of Nicholas Molnar's contemporaries thought he was crazy for choosing Carneros over more favored locales in Napa. Happily for us, Molnar knew what he was doing. He planted Chardonnay and Pinot Noir in his vineyards, the two varietals perfectly suited to the terroir of Carneros. In 1973 Nicolas Molnar planted the now legendary Poseidon's Vineyard, and for three decades some of the finest California Chardonnay and Pinot Noir emerged from this vineyard astride the bay that bears the name of the Greek god of the sea, only to make its way into bottles bearing the names of California's most renowned wineries. Acacia, Heitz, Mumm Napa Valley, Joseph Phelps, Pride Mountain, and Sterling are just a few of the names that coveted Nicolas Molnar's stellar viticultural wares, until Nicolas' sons decided it was time for the family to do their own thing. With the assistance of Michael Terrien, one of California's premier Chardonnay and Pinot Noir winemakers, the Molnar family began several years ago to make small batches of their own wine from the Poseidon Vineyard. Before practicing his magic at the Molnar Family's Poseidon's Vineyard, Michael Terrien made award winning wines for Hanzell and Acacia, where he served as both Winemaker and General Manager. His Acacia Pinot Noir garnered top awards and was rated among Wine Spectator's top 100 wines in the world. His work at Molnar has been no less impressive. Recently, the talented Alex Beloz has joined the team to steer the course. The Poseidon's Vineyard has proved for nearly four decades what Nicolas Molnar knew straight away: his vineyard was destined to produce exemplary Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. Consequently, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir are the only two wines the Molnar family produces. Quantities are extremely limited. Less than two thousand cases of the Chardonnay and twelve hundred cases of the Pinot Noir with the Molnar Family name flow from the Poseidon's Vineyard. | {
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Mark W, Tim A, Rob Eavis, Jim Lister, Mark R.
Grade 3/4 changing conditions greeted us at the farm so we were at the base of the main shaft pretty damn quickly. Here Mark W and I headed off down to the dig afce and left Tim to put some dye into the Hypothermia dam. As I climbed down onto the large wedged boulder in Badger Rift I placed my foot against a small chockstone holding it in place and the whole thing shifted slightly. Mark went off to the choke to sit and watch for signs of green in the oncoming stream whilst I set to the big boulder with an 8ft scaffold tube. Eventually the beast was dislodged into the rift below but not before I smashed my hand against the wall causing a finger to swell up uncomfortably large in my glove.
Tim arrived about 5 or 10 minutes later and we all climbed through the choke into the undercut chamber at the top to look at the westerly flowing stream and start work on digging. We moved a few boulders and felt completely uncomfortable with the whole thing. Tim wiggled some more scaffold tubes in place and after a while we resorted back to the same thing we have ended up doing on every trip so far- sitting and looking.
Mark said that although he understood the logic of going up to come down again, the fact that the undercut chamber was so unstable meant that really he thought tackling the choke from the bottom would be just as safe and possibly easier. Tim was of a similar opinion but also suggested that giving the dig some 'time to settle' might not be a bad thing either.
Eventually, after a couple of hours at the dig we headed out eager for a pint. It was then that we came across Jim and Rob just entering Badger rift with the Disto X and PDA survey gear. We had a quick chat, all got in each other's way for a little bit and departed.
We, the surveyors included, never saw the dye. A further test would be handy and this time we should use some detectors to make sure. This is something that John Gunn may be able to help us with.
We sat in the pub in Castleton later on listening to Jim Lister and all about the dig he has been working on the far side of Ink Sump for the last 15 years. It was after this conversation that I realised- although I doubt we will still manage to be interested in this choke in 15 years time, there is no rush and the best thing we can do at the moment is carefully but methodically explore every possible way on before committing to anything. More importantly- we should be taking things steady and spending all the time and effort required to make things safe before pushing too hard.
Rob sent me the first look at the survey data the following morning- very efficient, two screenshots below show what the new dig looks like although it may only make sense to those who know it. The choke is about 22 vertical metres below the top of Gin shaft and about 14m horizontally. | {
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1. Rinse well the lentils under running water and drain.
2. Heat a large saucepan and dry-fry the cumin seeds and chilli flakes for 1 min, or until they start to jump around the pan and release their aromas.
3. Scoop out about half of the seeds with a spoon and set aside.
4. Add the oil, carrot, lentils, stock and milk to the pan and bring to the boil.
5. Simmer for 15 mins until the lentils have swollen and softened.
6. Whizz the soup with a stick blender or in a food processor until smooth.
7. Season to taste and finish with a dollop of yogurt and a sprinkling of the reserved toasted spices.
8. Serve with warmed naan breads. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Daster batik bahan santung motif bunga. Daster dilengkapi dengan kancing di depan. Ukuran allsize.
This entry was posted by modelbajubatik on August 23, 2014 at 11:35 am, and is filed under DASTER, PRODUK. Follow any responses to this post through RSS 2.0. Both comments and pings are currently closed. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
The eleventh International Research Conference of the Sir John Kotalawala Defence University commenced today. It will conclude tomorrow.
It is known as the world's most important research seminar on the exchange of knowledge between civilian and defense scholars and academics with their research and academic studies. The theme of the conference is "Collaboration is to acquire professional excellence." Its inauguration took place under the patronage of Defence Secretary Kapila Waidyaratne. The keynote address was delivered by Prof. Mohan Munasinghe.
Prof. Mohan Munasinghe and Dr. Sarath D Gunapala were awarded with titles Honourable Professors. Vice Chancellor of the Sir John Kotalawala Defence University Rear Admiral J.J. Gunasinghe were among those who joined in the occasion.
In his address, Prof. Mohan Munasinghe said that they are vested with the task of maintaining a balance in the environment for the future generations. We all should contribute to it. This should be done collectively by the Government and civil organizations. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
"""Defines fixtures available to all tests."""
from datetime import datetime as dt
from datetime import timedelta as td
import pytest
from webtest import TestApp
from ceraon.app import create_app
from ceraon.database import db as _db
from ceraon.models.meals import UserMeal
from ceraon.settings import TestConfig
from .factories import (LocationFactory, MealFactory, ReviewFactory,
UserFactory, TagFactory, TransactionFactory)
@pytest.yield_fixture(scope='function')
def app():
"""An application for the tests."""
_app = create_app(TestConfig)
ctx = _app.test_request_context()
ctx.push()
yield _app
ctx.pop()
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def testapp(app):
"""A Webtest app."""
return TestApp(app)
@pytest.yield_fixture(scope='function')
def db(app):
"""A database for the tests."""
_db.app = app
with app.app_context():
_db.create_all()
yield _db
# Explicitly close DB connection
_db.session.close()
_db.drop_all()
@pytest.fixture
def user(db):
"""A user for the tests."""
user = UserFactory()
db.session.commit()
return user
@pytest.fixture
def host(db):
"""A user to host the location and meal."""
user = UserFactory()
db.session.commit()
return user
@pytest.fixture
def location(db):
"""A location for the tests."""
location = LocationFactory()
db.session.commit()
return location
@pytest.fixture
def hosted_location(location, host):
"""A location with a host."""
host.location = location
host.save()
location.save()
return location
@pytest.fixture
def meal(db, hosted_location):
"""A meal for the tests."""
meal = MealFactory(location=hosted_location)
db.session.commit()
return meal
@pytest.fixture
def past_meal(meal):
"""A meal in the past."""
meal.scheduled_for = dt.now().astimezone() - td(days=1)
meal.save()
return meal
@pytest.fixture
def past_guest(user, past_meal):
"""A guest from a meal in the past."""
um = UserMeal(user=user, meal=past_meal)
um.save()
return user
@pytest.fixture
def review(past_guest, past_meal):
"""A review from a guest."""
review = ReviewFactory(user=past_guest, meal=past_meal)
review.save()
return review
@pytest.fixture
def guest(user, meal):
"""A guest for a meal."""
um = UserMeal(user=user, meal=meal)
um.save()
return user
@pytest.fixture
def guest_location(guest):
"""A location for the guest."""
location = LocationFactory()
location.save()
guest.location = location
guest.save()
return location
@pytest.fixture
def transaction(host, guest, meal):
"""A transaction for the tests."""
transaction = TransactionFactory(meal=meal, payer=guest, payee=host)
transaction.save()
return transaction
@pytest.fixture
def tag_one():
"""A tag for the tests."""
tag = TagFactory()
tag.save()
return tag
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Step into the shoes of Eike, a man with the ability to travel through time. With this power, you must travel through changing time periods and use clues from the past to prevent your own murder. The actions you take affect your story path, resulting in one of multiple endings. Once you unravel the mystery in nine chapters, you can experience additional scenes. With multiple story paths and a variety of puzzles, Shadow of Destiny puts your dire fate into your own hands. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
im gonna be installing an oil pressure gauge here in a bit and was wondering which of the plugs on the block to use. is it the bunch circled in red or the ones circled in green? the picture isnt mine but it was the clearest one i can find that shows the front where i want to tap into. thanks!
do you have a link or something for the adpater? im interested in anything that makes life easier.
if i understand correctly, with this adapter i can use the location of the the idiot sensor and run it AND my gauge off the same hole?
if thats the case then that sounds great!
Any luck on that link to the adapter?
Got the link for that adapter?
i see that maperformance sells an adapter. it says its for an evo 8/9 but will work with many other cars. im guessing itll work for ecotecs too.
if this works then all you need to add is the line into the T that they sell also to relocate the sending unit your gauge brings to someplace with lots more space.
so ive decided to put this project off until now that i actually have some time.
i got under the car today to look around and see if i can reach any of the plugs i need to use for the sensor. i bought a prosport gauge and it comes with a new sensor and not the big sending unit that used to come with the gauge. looks alot nicer and easier to install in tight places. anyhow, i cant seem to get to any of the plugs and i really dont want to have to remove the IM.
i was a reading an old thread on here about installing an oil pressure gauge and one of the posts grabbed my attention. one guy asked if it was possible to hook the sender up to a plug right on the drivers side of the oil filter housing. the pics below show where i mean.
the problem is one person stated that it works while another said that when he pulled that plug out no oil came out or nothing. my question now is... do any of you guys have an oil pressure sensor hooked up to this location and/or is this a good place to put one? seems like the easiest place for me to hook up to but obviously if it doesnt work ill just leave it alone.
which of the 3 ports in the front would you guys say is the most ideal to tap into? are they all the same? ive heard closer to the oil pump is better and ive heard further is better. why is that the case? | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Cheap flights from Australian cities to New Zealand from only $196 AUD roundtrip.
For example fly from Gold Coast, Australia to Auckland, New Zealand for only $196 AUD roundtrip.
The Jetstar website conveniently allows you to search each month with a single click so there is no need for a list of example dates from us. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Driven by
BostonCalendar.com
The Coldplay Experience
Friday, Apr 19, 2019 8:30p -
Saturday, Apr 20, 2019 9:30p
1 Science Park
https://www.mos.org/planetarium/the-coldplay-experience
Developed as a part of SubSpace Project, the experimental playground for new work at the Museum of Science, this musical experience engages audiences in a sensory journey full of innovation, artistry, and imagination set to the pulsating soundtrack of an internationally renowned band.
Using the cutting-edge capabilities of the Planetarium, The Coldplay Experience redefines nightlife in Boston, fusing the sounds of energetic rock with stunning and inventive visuals under the Charles Hayden Planetarium dome.
The future of the music experience has arrived, only at the Museum of Science!
19/04/2019 20:30:00 20/04/2019 21:30:00 15 The Coldplay Experience Developed as a part of SubSpace Project, the experimental playground for new work at the Museum of Science, this musical experience engages audiences in a sensory journey full of innovation, artist... Museum of Science, Boston, MA 02114 Organizer Organizer e-mail false DD/MM/YYYY Reddit
Event link:
Visit The Boston Calendar Blog Terms | Privacy Policy | About | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Alexandra M. Kitts
Charleston Office
500 Lee Street East
(O): 304.340.1369
(F): 304.340.1050
[email protected]
Alexandra M. Kitts is a Member in the Health Care industry group, focusing primarily on litigation. She practices out of the Firm's office in Charleston, West Virginia.
Alex routinely defends doctors, nurses, hospitals, and other health care providers in actions brought under the West Virginia Medical Professional Liability Act (MPLA).
She earned her law degree from the University of South Carolina School of Law in 2014. While in law school, she served on the Executive Board of the Moot Court Bar and was selected to the Order of the Barristers for excellence in oral advocacy.
Alex graduated with honors from West Virginia University where she received a Bachelor of Science degree in economics and a minor in philosophy.
University of South Carolina School of Law (J.D., 2014)
Phi Delta Phi
Order of the Barristers
West Virginia University (B.S. in Economics, cum laude, 2011)
West Virginia (2014)
West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals (2014)
U.S. District Court, Southern District of West Virginia (2014)
Jackson Kelly PLLC (2014-Present)
Jackson Kelly PLLC, Summer Associate (2012, 2013)
Named in the Best Lawyers'® 2021 Charleston, West Virginia "Ones to Watch" list for Health Care Law and Medical Malpractice Law - Defendants (2021-2022)
West Virginia Super Lawyers® Rising Star for Product Liability Medical Malpractice: Defendant (2020-2021) | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
This is a 80% automated strategy running on the MetaTrader platform 24/7, designed to generate noise rather than large profits.
unlike the UB-Noise main Strategy, this one is truely designed "just" to keep things flowing and put the money to work that is not beeing used for other pourposes, any growth larger than the inflation would be already satisfying.
this Strategy trades CADCHF Exclusively and re-checks hedging situation every 30Minutes, it trades in both long and short directions where on one side losses are hedged via positive equity or realised profits.
This strategy can be copied! Links are in Extra section.!
2,000 k$value is approximated due to currency fluctuations. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Southalls Accountants
Accountants for Tax in Harworth and Bircotes
If you're looking for a great Nottinghamshire in Harworth and Bircotes then we have found the very best options for you. By far the best that we have found is www.TaxAccountant.co.uk as they are easily the best, both in terms of accounting and service.
There are many options for a Tax Accountant in Harworth and Bircotes so it's important that you know what to check before you choose your Tax Accountant. The best will be able to deal with all of your accounting and questions easily and will also offer specialist taxation services should you need them.
Getting the right Tax Accountant in Harworth and Bircotes
There is a lot to consider when choosing a Tax Accountant in Harworth and Bircotes so we will go through the most important points below.
Personal taxes are levied in every industry in the UK, and you can say that they can be shadowed under income taxes entirely. Income tax in itself, however, represents a much broader term in the UK. Capital gains tax is another way in which the UK government ensures that disparity in income brackets is not reflected in the services offered to the public, and evading it can have severe consequences on your legal credentials. For example, if you have a business permit in an Asian country and your earnings from there are on the rise, you will be subject to tax by the state.
There is no significant difference; you can get in touch with HMRC and inform them of your dividend income, and that amount can be amounted for in your wage account. A question that may be encircling your mind right now is the process of filing this tax, and how it may differ from the rest of the tax you have to pay on your income.
The online payment method is then utilized to ensure that the amount is reimbursed. The amount levied on the tax is essentially calculated based on the time it has been in your custody. With these examples it can be seen that the term income tax accommodates not only personal charges, but also those of social groups in the forms of businesses or partnerships.
How to Use an Online Tax Calculator
There are three tax bands in the UK, based on which taxes are levied on your total income for a year. However, you need to take into account the fact that your tax status is not different for different jobs, as a result of which it is not possible for you to invoke the personal allowance on two different income sources.
You need to take all the precautions you can in order to secure the confidentiality of your information, so that even if it lands in the hands of a third party, you are aware and your consent is respected.
There are certain other classifications that can be made such as the differences in sole proprietorship and Public Limited Companies, but that will only complicate the explanation at this point. The productivity of the interview you conduct plays a key role here, and it helps you analyze the situation much better if you ask sound questions.
Considerations when Choosing an Accountant
Competition in the modern age has given way to negotiations, but there are still many people in the field of accountancy who feel that their service charges are non-negotiable. There are deductibles on everything, starting from your business startup cost all the way down to the car that you may drive around in at the company's expense.
The tax band you fall in depends on your primary source of income. In the event that you have multiple sources of income, your respective tax band will be the one from which you obtain most of your income. All of these factors contribute to how much tax is levied on your income at the end of the tax-year. Federal tax rates for corporations are not calculated using brackets; they are calculated as a percentage of the overall earning of a business in a period.
So this is for Tax Accountant in Harworth and Bircotes but there are also accountants across Nottinghamshire that you can choose from and we have pages for those Tax Accountant in Nottinghamshire pages.
Author adminPosted on 12th March 2019 12th March 2019 Categories UncategorisedTags Accountant Capital Gains Tax in Harworth and Bircotes, Accountant For Personal Tax Return in Harworth and Bircotes, Accountant For Self Employed Tax Return in Harworth and Bircotes, Accountant For Tax in Harworth and Bircotes, Accountant For Tax Return in Harworth and Bircotes, Accountant Self Assessment Tax Return in Harworth and Bircotes, Accountants For Tax Returns in Harworth and Bircotes, Accounting And Tax Services in Harworth and Bircotes, Accounting For VAT in Harworth and Bircotes, Accounting Systems Setup in Harworth and Bircotes, Best Tax Accountant in Harworth and Bircotes, Best Tax Accountants in Harworth and Bircotes, Business Tax Accountant in Harworth and Bircotes, Business Tax in Harworth and Bircotes, Business Tax In UK in Harworth and Bircotes, Calculate Tax On Dividends in Harworth and Bircotes, Capital Gains Tax Accountants in Harworth and Bircotes, Capital Gains Tax Calculator in 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Southalls Accountants Proudly powered by WordPress | {
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} |
Signes extérieurs de richesse est une chanson de Johnny Hallyday sortie en 1983.
Extraite de l'album Entre violence et violon, dont elle précède la parution, elle est diffusée en face B d'un 45 tours paru le .
La même année, la chanson est la bande originale du film Signes extérieurs de richesse de Jacques Monnet.
Histoire
Avec Signes extérieurs de richesses, le chanteur ironise, dans un humour caustique autant que provoquant, sur certaines décisions économiques adoptées depuis l'alternance politique de 1981, qui a vu François Mitterrand succéder à Valéry Giscard d'Estaing à la présidence de la République française et pour la première fois sous la Cinquième, la Gauche accéder au pouvoir : création de l'impôt sur les grandes fortunes, contrôle des changes (cette seconde mesure, est – comme on le verra plus bas – particulièrement mise en exergue dans une autre chanson, J'ai perdu la tête, issue des mêmes sessions d'enregistrements et restée inédite à l'époque) :
... Quand je pense que dans mes disques, Ma voix vibre sous un diamant, Je me dis que je prends des risques, Des risques d'or évidemment
Signes extérieurs de richesse, Signes extérieurs de santé, C'est pas prudent dans le contexte, de la socio-société, [...],
Les faux cracheurs de discours, Tous les jeteurs de poudre aux gens, Faudra bien qu'ils paient à leur tour, Puisque la parole est d'argent, [...],
Mais tout se paie, heureusement, Et quitte à vous paraître snob, Je vais gagner beaucoup d'argent, Et mourir pauvre pauvre comme Job
(texte de Claude Lemesle et Johnny Hallyday)
Signes extérieurs de richesses détonne quelque peu dans le répertoire de Johnny Hallyday, peu enclin aux thèmes politiques...
Il y a toutefois quelques précédents, notamment avec la période Philippe Labro (1970 - 1971), durant laquelle Hallyday enregistre plusieurs titres engagés, C'est écrit sur les murs, Poème sur la (album Vie), Flagrant délit, L'Autre Moitié (album Flagrant délit). Ou encore, en 1981, Monsieur Paul (album En pièces détachées), où (sur un texte de Didier Barbelivien), il invective le dit Monsieur Paul, symbolisant l'homme politique toutes tendances confondues, pour lui dire son désintérêt pour la parole politicienne (discours qu'il compare à du chant en playback, dont le locuteur « confond les paroles et la musique ».
Il y aura aussi (en 1984 - album Drôle de métier), Génération banlieue écrit par le journaliste Serge Loupien, qui dénonce le mal-vivre des jeunes des banlieues et anticipe l'avènement des violences urbaines (« mon avenir il est tout tracé, Une cage à Fleury ou en béton armé, C'est sûr qu'un soir ça va péter, C'est sûr qu'un soir ça va cogner, [...], Ma banlieue va exploser »).
À l'automne 1983, la chanson est la bande originale du film au titre identique de Jacques Monnet, une comédie qui met en scène les déboires d'un vétérinaire « victime » d'un contrôle fiscal. « Johnny chantant l'histoire d'un type aisé qui risque de se faire dépouiller par le fisc, voilà qui ne manque pas de piquant ! », souligne Daniel Lesueur.
En studio à Nashville, durant les mêmes séances d'enregistrements, Johnny Hallyday « enfonçant le clou », enregistre un second titre dans la « même veine », J'ai perdu la tête sur lequel il se gausse cette fois de la mise en place du carnet de change, limitant à par an la somme que chaque touriste français peut emporter à l'étranger (la chanson reste inédite jusqu'en 1993) : ... Quand j'entends c' que j'entends, J' vois c' que je vois, La folie me guette, J'ai perdu la tête, J'ai vu à la télé, Un mec qui veut mon bien, Froidement déclarer "Pour les vacances tintin", [...], Et puis ma p'tite amie, Qui n' comprend jamais rien, Me dit "partons Johnny pour un pays lointain", [...], Oh ! Mon dieu qu'elle est bête, J'ai dit "t'as rien compris, on reste ici", [...], On ira demain, Chez ton vieux parrain, Là du côté de Romorantin, [...], La folie me guette, j'ai perdu la tête
(paroles : droits réservés)
Musiciens
voir ici
Réception
Le 45 tours Pour ceux qui s'aiment (sur lequel Signes extérieurs de richesse est en face B) se classe n°13 des ventes en France et s'écoule à plus de exemplaires.
Discographie
1983 :
: 45 tours Philips 812860 7 : Pour ceux qui s'aiment, Signes extérieurs de richesse
: 33 tours Philips 814374 : album Entre violence et violon
: 45 tours Philips 814896 7 BOF du film Signes extérieurs de richesse : Signes extérieurs de richesse, When You Turn Out The Light
Johnny Hallyday enregistre également une adaptation anglaise de Signes extérieurs de richesses, On The Edge Of The Edge
1984 : album En V.O.
Discographie live :
1984 : double album Johnny Hallyday au Zénith
Articles connexes
Discographie de Johnny Hallyday
Liste des chansons interprétées par Johnny Hallyday
Liste des titres composés par Johnny Hallyday
Notes et références
Chanson interprétée par Johnny Hallyday
Chanson composée par Johnny Hallyday
Chanson écrite par Pierre Billon
Chanson de 1983
Single musical sorti en 1983
Single publié par Philips Records | {
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import os
import re
import codecs
import xlwt
class CountLabel(object):
"""docstring for CountLabel"""
def __init__(self, options, logger):
self.options = options
self.logger = logger
self.dict = {}
def hex2char(self, _hex):
return chr(int("0x"+_hex, 16))
def char2hex(self, char):
return hex(ord(char))[2:].upper()
def loadAcc(self, acc):
fs = os.path.join(acc, "%s.acc"%(os.path.basename(acc)))
with codecs.open(fs, 'r', 'utf-8') as fi:
accuracy = fi.readline().strip()
return accuracy
def totalAcc(self):
fs = os.listdir(self.options['maxent'])
total = 0
correct = 0
for f in fs:
fn = os.path.join(self.options['maxent'], f, f+"_pyt.rst")
with codecs.open(fn, 'r','utf-8') as fi:
for line in fi:
line = line.strip()
if line == "":
continue
line = line.split()
if line[1] == line[2]:
correct += 1
total += 1
self.logger.info("Total Polyphone: %d"%(total))
self.logger.info("Total Correct: %d"%(correct))
self.logger.info("Total Accuracy: %.4f"%(correct/total))
def process(self):
fs = list(map(lambda x: x.upper(), os.listdir(self.options['align_feat'])))
facc = os.listdir(self.options['acc'])
for f in fs:
fn = os.path.join(self.options['align_feat'], f)
tmp = {}
with codecs.open(fn, 'r', 'utf-8') as fi:
self.logger.info("Loading %s"%f)
for line in fi:
if line.strip() == "":
continue
line = line.strip().split()
if line[-1] not in tmp.keys():
tmp[line[-1]] = 1
else:
tmp[line[-1]] += 1
self.dict[self.hex2char(f[:4])] = tmp
wb = xlwt.Workbook()
sh = wb.add_sheet("ME Model statistics")
sh.write(0,0,"No")
sh.write(0,1,"Orthography")
sh.write(0,2,"Hex Code")
sh.write(0,3,"Sentences")
sh.write(0,4,"Details")
sh.write(0,5,"ME Model")
sh.write(0,6,"Explanation")
for idx, item in enumerate(self.dict.items()):
total = sum(item[1].values())
tmp = []
for i in item[1].items():
tmp.append("%s\t %.2f(%d)"%(i[0], i[1]/total, i[1]))
tmp = "\n".join(tmp)
hexcode = self.char2hex(item[0])
sh.write(idx+1, 0, idx)
sh.write(idx+1, 1, item[0])
sh.write(idx+1, 2, hexcode)
sh.write(idx+1, 3, total)
sh.write(idx+1, 4, tmp)
if hexcode.lower() in facc:
fpath = os.path.join(self.options['acc'], hexcode.lower())
accuracy = self.loadAcc(fpath)
sh.write(idx+1, 5, accuracy)
sh.write(idx+1, 6, "L1 = 0.45 L2=0")
# wb.save("report.xls")
# wb = xlwt.Workbook()
sh = wb.add_sheet("IG Tree statistics")
sh.write(0,0,"No")
sh.write(0,1,"Orthography")
sh.write(0,2,"Hex Code")
sh.write(0,3,"Default")
fs = list(filter(lambda x: "txt" in x and "0000" not in x, os.listdir(self.options['igtree'])))
for idx, f in enumerate(fs):
self.logger.info("Loading %s"%f)
fn = os.path.join(self.options['igtree'], f)
with codecs.open(fn, 'r', 'utf-8') as fi:
lines = fi.readlines()
tg = lines[5].strip().split()
default_lhp = tg[0]
orth = tg[1]
sh.write(idx+1, 0, idx)
sh.write(idx+1, 1, orth)
sh.write(idx+1, 2, f[:4])
sh.write(idx+1, 3, default_lhp)
wb.save("report.xls")
self.logger.info("complete!")
if __name__ == '__main__':
import time
import logging
from argparse import ArgumentParser
parser = ArgumentParser(description='ferup-format')
parser.add_argument("--version", action="version", version="ferup-format 1.0")
parser.add_argument(type=str, action="store", dest="align_feat", default="", help='input raw data')
parser.add_argument("-a", "--acc", action="store", dest="acc", default="", help='accuracy files')
parser.add_argument("-i", "--ig", action="store", dest="igtree", default="", help='igtree files')
parser.add_argument("-m", "--me", action="store", dest="maxent", default="", help='maxent files')
parser.add_argument(type=str, action="store", dest="report", default="report.txt", help='output file')
args = parser.parse_args()
options = vars(args)
logger = logging.getLogger()
formatter = logging.Formatter('[%(asctime)s][*%(levelname)s*][%(filename)s:%(lineno)d|%(funcName)s] - %(message)s', '%Y%m%d-%H:%M:%S')
file_handler = logging.FileHandler('LOG-ferup-CountLabel.txt', 'w','utf-8')
file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(file_handler)
stream_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
stream_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(stream_handler)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
allStartTP = time.time()
appInst = CountLabel(options, logger)
# appInst.process()
appInst.totalAcc()
allEndTP = time.time()
logger.info("Operation Finished [Time Cost:%0.3f Seconds]" % float(allEndTP - allStartTP))
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Be Careful What You Copy and Paste on Your iPhone. TikTok May Be Reading It.
According to a new security feature in iOS 14, TikTok reads users' clipboard information about once every second.
by Koh Ewe
Jun 30 2020, 6:00amShareTweetSnap
If you've ever copied and pasted sensitive information—passwords, authentication codes, credit card numbers, work documents, you name it—using your iPhone, then TikTok may already have it.
On June 22, Apple introduced its iOS 14 and iPadOS 14 operating systems (due out this fall), which included a new security feature that notifies users whenever an app reads the content stored on their clipboard in an apparent attempt to address a security loophole discovered in February. Among the apps found to be exploiting the vulnerability: everyone's favorite repository of dance fads, TikTok.
According to a blog post by software developers Talal Haj Bakry and Tommy Mysk, Apple's Universal Clipboard—which holds data that's copied and pasted, and makes it accessible across devices that share the same Apple ID—may be accessed by by iPhone and iPad apps "completely transparently and without user consent." This means that when you copy information on one device, it will also be accessible to your other Apple devices nearby and, by extension, the iOS and iPadOS apps on those devices exploiting the loophole.
TikTok Kids Didn't Sabotage Trump's Campaign Rally — His Own Team Did
by Cameron Joseph
Social networking platforms, mobile phone games, e-commerce sites, and news apps were among the 53 apps found to have access to users' clipboards. There is currently no evidence that the information is being used for malicious purposes, though the security loophole leaves the possibility "wide open," Mysk told the Telegraph.
Indeed, some developers, including those of VICE News' own app, said they were unaware their apps were accessing users' clipboard until Apple released its iOS 14 beta this month. A developer spearheading VICE's app said that an initial investigation suggested that the code accessing the clipboard is contained in third-party vendor libraries, and the team is currently working to identify and remove the offending ones.
But whereas apps like VICE's, and others belonging to the likes of the New York Times and Accuweather, appear to access user's clipboards once upon opening, TikTok accesses them continuously, and at an astounding rate. An experiment conducted using the beta version of iOS 14 revealed that TikTok reads users' clipboard information about once every second.
An error occurred while retrieving the Tweet. It might have been deleted.
And this isn't the first time the app has been caught with hands in the clipboard cookie jar.
In March, after the clipboard issues first came to light, TikTok told the Telegraph that they would disable the function "in the next few weeks". Zak Doffman, a cybersecurity columnist writing for Forbes, said he was told something similar in April, and that the clipboard access was blamed on outdated third-party ad software.
However, the problem apparently went unfixed for over a month, and when Doffman renewed his concerns after the release of the iOS 14 beta, he wrote, TikTok changed its excuse, saying this time that the clipboard access was intended to "identify repetitive, spammy behaviour."
Again, the app maker promised to fix the behavior. It remains unclear whether Android users face the same privacy concerns. TikTok's spokesperson said the anti-spam feature isn't included in the Android version of the app, though Mysk noted that the Android operating system is more lenient than Apple's when it comes to clipboard reading.
Privacy-Focused OS Wants to Know How Facebook and the FBI Hacked it
by Lorenzo Franceschi-Bicchierai
TikTok, meanwhile, has come under increasing scrutiny from cybersecurity experts and the U.S. government due to its affiliation with China. Its parent company is Beijing-based ByteDance, which is also the creator of Douyin, TikTok's Chinese counterpart. Several U.S. agencies that handle national security have forbidden employees from using the app over security concerns.
Despite TikTok's claims of political impartiality and corporate independence, evidence of Chinese influence over its operations have surfaced. A set of internal company guidelines obtained by the Guardian in September 2019 revealed that the app censors issues in alignment with the Chinese government's policies, and former TikTok employees in the U.S. told the Washington Post that Beijing-based moderators have the final say over the censorship of content.
Concerns aside, TikTok is arguably the hottest app around. Its viral dance challenges and addictive interface have proven irresistible to Zoomers and social media influencers. According to mobile app market intelligence company Sensor Tower, TikTok was the most downloaded app in the first quarter of the year, with 315 million downloads, breaking the record for most downloads for any app in a single quarter.
china, Apple, privacy, cybersecurity, Social Media, iPhone, TikTok, worldnews
Trump's TikTok Crusade Makes US Censorship Look a Lot Like China's
by Jillian C. York
Inside TikTok's Extraordinary 2020
by Chris Stokel-Walker; illustrated by Lily Blakely
Apple Is Poaching From Google's iPhone Hacking Team
Watch This Google Hacker Pwn 26 iPhones With a 'WiFi Broadcast Packet of Death'
How to Properly Remove Nudes from Your Phone
by Tarek Barkouni
Another City Is Using Crime Control as an Excuse for Facial Recognition Surveillance
by Varsha Rani
Google and Apple's Contact-Tracing API Doesn't Work on Public Transport, Study Finds
by Gabriel Geiger
Sending Letters to Incarcerated People Is Too Hard. This App Makes It Easy
© 2021 VICE MEDIA LLC | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
variety.com – Tim Roth will star in a third and final season of "Tin Star," the Sky original drama. Like earlier seasons, it will play on Amazon outside the U.K. Genevieve O'Reilly and Abigail Lawrie also return in the final chapter of the story, which is produced by Endemol Shine's Kudos alongside Gaumont U.K.
Tim Roth Series 'Tin Star' Gets Third and Final Season on Sky Wednesday, March 20 04:48 Tim Roth will star in a third and final season of "Tin Star," the Sky original drama that plays on Amazon internationally.
Tin Star is to end after a third series, it has been confirmed. The third instalment of the show starring Tim Roth and Genevieve O'Reilly will go into production later this year and will bring the story about the Worth family to a conclusion. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
namespace logging {
Log log;
Log::Log() : current_level_(error) {}
void Log::set(verbosity_level lvl) {
current_level_ = lvl;
#ifdef USE_LIEF
if(lvl != info) {
lief_logging_disable();
} else {
lief_logging_enable();
}
#endif
}
static std::ostream cnull(0);
std::ostream &Log::operator()(verbosity_level lvl) {
if (lvl > current_level_)
return cnull;
else {
switch(lvl) {
case error:
return std::clog << "[ERROR] ";
case warning:
return std::clog << "[WARN] ";
case info:
return std::clog << "[INFO] ";
}
}
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Here's a thought: Stop texting and checking your phone, just drive and arrive, alive!
Remember when we didn't have mobile phones (and when they didn't carry every piece of our life on them) and we would just drive without being distracted? Everywhere I turn when stopped at a red light, I can see all kinds of people staring at their laps for more than five seconds, or blatantly texting on their phones by their steering wheels.
What is so important on your phone, to pay all your attention to while driving, that means more than your safety and the safety of those around you?
Ontario recently increased the fine for using mobile devices while driving to $280 – so please, do a good deed for yourself and others, and use your phone when you're not driving! | {
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What Can Botox Do For Your Patients?
What your patients should understand about botulinum toxin treatment for focal dystonias, strabismus, and other ophthalmic disorders.
Leonid Skorin, Jr., O.D., D.O.
Known primarily for use in cosmetic surgery, botulinum toxin, better known as Botox, enjoys growing popularity in eye care as a therapeutic agent. The toxins ability to cause denervation in unwanted muscle function makes it an intriguing option in cases of focal dystonia and other ophthalmic or neurologic disorders in which traditional therapies are of limited benefit.
In studies of patients who receive a botulinum toxin injection for ophthalmic or neurologic disorders, 69% to 100% demonstrate clinically significant improvement.1,2 Some of the most exciting work in this field occurs with patients who suffer from migraine, tension-type and chronic headaches; many respond positively to this treatment.
Here, well discuss the basics of botulinum toxin therapy, its clinical uses and contraindications, and patient management.
Potent Neurotoxin
Botulinum toxin is the most potent biologic neurotoxin known to man. As the causative agent of botulism, a potentially fatal condition that causes neuromuscular paralysis, botulinum is high on the list of possible bioterrorism attack methods.
In clinical settings, however, the doses of the poison are too small to constitute any sort of biohazard, and no special security precautions are necessary or mandated by law.
Botulinum toxin is produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum. There are seven serotypes of the toxin; five of these are effective at the human skeletal neuromuscular junction. There, the toxin induces paralysis by blocking the release of acetylcholine, the chemical that carries information between nerve cells. Thus, it inhibits the transmission of nerve impulses across the synaptic junction to the motor end plate.
Botulinum toxin enzymatically inactivates the proteins necessary for the synaptic vesicles to fuse into the neuromuscular junction. Once injected, the toxin rapidly and firmly binds at receptor sites on the acetylcholine-related nerve terminals. Neuromuscular transmission ceases, and the target muscle atrophies. But, the resulting localized muscle weakness does gradually reverse over time.
The botulinum toxins effect is usually seen two or three days following injection, with maximal effect occurring at approximately two weeks. This corresponds to the amount of time required for the toxin to bind to the motor nerve terminal, undergo internalization and block acetylcholine.
Recovery takes six to 14 weeks, depending on the specific serotype used, and occurs with the proliferation of new axonal nerve buds to the denervated muscle and the regeneration of muscle end plates. This regeneration develops a functional connection at the muscle-nerve junction and reactivates muscle activity.
In 1973, botulinum toxin was first shown to be efficacious and safe when used to weaken extraocular muscles. It is beneficial in patients who have horizontal or vertical strabismus, infantile esotropia, acquired misalignment in thyroid ophthalmopathy, acquired nystagmus (to dampen the resulting oscillopsia), dissociated vertical deviation, sensory strabismus, paradoxical diplopia, and postsurgical over- and undercorrections.3,4
When treating strabismus, botulinum is used to cause temporary paresis of one extraocular muscle. This results in a permanent change in the antagonist muscle after the paresis has worn off. So, in esotropia, when the medial rectus muscle is injected, its temporary weakening allows the antagonist lateral rectus muscle to shorten and tighten.
When the medial rectus recovers, the increased stiffness of the lateral rectus realigns the eye in an improvedor even straightposition. With exotropia, injection of the lateral rectus likewise allows the medial rectus to tighten.
The advantages of using botulinum toxin to treat strabismus: its ease of administration, the use of a topical anesthetic, little or no postinjection discomfort, and the absence of postoperative recovery time. Recovery is unnecessary, since no surgical incision or residual scarring occurs. Instead, the technique used in electromyography is employed to position the needle precisely into the belly of the extraocular muscle.
1. A transconjunctival injection directly into the lacrimal gland will temporarily eliminate excessive lacrimation (crocodile tears).
Botulinum toxin has many other applications. It may be used to induce a protective ptosis in cases of corneal compromise or ulceration in patients who have fifth or seventh cranial nerve palsies. Advantages of this chemical tarsorrhaphy, of sorts: The eyelid can be easily opened for instillation of medication or ocular examination, and there is no need for eyelid taping or suturing.
Upper eyelid retraction, often seen in thyroid eye disease, can be successfully treated by transcutaneous injection of botulinum toxin between the orbital roof and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Or, it can be treated via the transconjunctival route if the levator and Mllers muscles are injected.
Additional uses for botulinum toxin include:
A spastic and inwardly turned lower eyelid that has caused entropion. This can be treated by an injection into the orbicularis oculi muscle.
Aberrant movements due to facial nerve misdirection. These movements, as seen in patients with Bells palsy, can be treated by injecting the toxin into the affected muscles.
Aberrant regeneration that causes excessive lacrimation with chewing (crocodile tears). A transconjunctival injection directly into the lacrimal gland will temporarily eliminate the tearing (figure 1).5
Mild to moderate upper eyelid dermatochalasis. Botulinum toxin has proven effective for treating this condition following lateral infrabrow injection.6
Surgical facial wounds. The toxin is now being used to relieve tension in wounds by inducing immobilization of the adjacent musculature. This provides enhanced healing and improvement in the appearance of the resulting scar.7
Neurologic uses. Beyond its traditional role in muscle chemo-immobilization, new uses are emerging, such as control of the neuropathic pain of patients with post-herpetic neuralgia.8 Theoretically, botulinum toxin should inhibit peripheral and central sensitization by blocking the release of both acetylcholine for neuromuscular transmission and nociceptive (pain-transmitting) neuropeptides involved in the chronic inflammatory pain response.9-11
This mechanism has been put forth as the basis for its effectiveness in treating forms of headache. Migraine, tension-type, cervicogenic, cluster and chronic daily headaches have all responded favorably to botulinum toxin therapy.9-11
Dystonias
Perhaps the most popular use of this therapy is for dystonias of the face and neck. Dystonia is a syndrome dominated by involuntary sustained (tonic) or spasmodic (rapid or clonic), patterned, repetitive muscle contractions.
These contractions frequently cause twisting, flexing, extending and squeezing movements, or in some cases, abnormal postures. For example, benign essential blepharospasm (BEB), a common bilateral facial dystonia, involves the orbicularis oculi muscles and the procerus and corrugator musculature (figure 2). It usually occurs between ages 50 and 70 (mean age 56), and women with BEB outnumber men by three to one.12,13
BEB starts as variable episodes of increased blinking, progresses to involuntary spasms of eyelid closure, and can result in functional blindness in up to 12% of patients.12,13
BEB may be exacerbated by stress, fatigue, reading, bright sunlight or driving (especially the oncoming headlights of night driving). On the other hand, activities such as sleeping, relaxing, walking or talking and behavioral techniques and mannerisms (humming, singing, whistling, tapping the temple, solving puzzles or mathematical problems) can reduce the frequency and severity of the spasms.
2. Benign essential blepharospasm, a common bilateral facial dystonia, involves the orbicularis oculi muscles and the procerus and corrugator musculature.
When BEB is associated with intermittent lower facial movement, the disorder is known as Meige syndrome. These patients exhibit BEB with lip pursing, tongue protrusion, trismus (lockjaw) and speech difficulty. If the mandible is involved, then the patient has Brueghel syndrome. Blepharospasm is the central feature of both Meige and Brueghel syndromes.
Apraxia of lid opening (ALO) is a condition in which patients who have otherwise normal eyelids have difficulty opening their eyes at will. They raise their eyebrows (forceful contraction of the frontalis muscle) in an effort to raise their eyelids. ALO can coexist with BEB in the same patient, and in patients who have both disorders, a combination of therapiessuch as blepharoplasty, myectomy or aponeurosis repair in tandem with botulinum toxin injectionsappears to be the most effective approach.
Hemifacial spasm is characterized by unilateral, periodic, tonic contractions of the facial muscles used in expression (figure 3). This condition occurs in middle-aged individuals and is more common in women. The cause of hemifacial spasm is most often microvascular compression or irritation of the facial nerve by an aberrant artery in the posterior fossa. However, because a cerebellopontine tumor may also be the cause, these patients must undergo magnetic resonance neuroimaging.
The use of botulinum toxin to treat torticollis, an involuntary dystonic posturing of the neck and head, differs from treatment of BEB and hemifacial spasm in several significant ways. First, a much higher dose is administered, resulting in a significant risk of local and distant spread of toxin. Second, the condition involves more muscles, some less accessible due to their location deeper in the neck. There is greater risk of diffusion into the pharyngeal musculature, which can result in dysphasia. Finally, aspiration, inability to maintain a patent airway, injection into the carotid artery or jugular vein, and neck laxity are other unique risks.
Use of an electromyographic needle for injection helps to ensure that the agent remains in the affected muscle (figure 4). The use of such a needle is unnecessary when treating BEB or hemifacial spasm.
Two Types of Toxin
There are currently two types of botulinum toxin available commercially in the <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />United States: Botox (botulinum toxin type A, Allergan) and Myobloc (botulinum toxin type B, Solstice Neurosciences). Botox is approved by the FDA for treatment of all facial dystonias (BEB, hemifacial spasm, etc.), strabismus, torticollis, glabellar frown lines (this is a cosmetic application) and primary axillary hyperhidrosis (sweating). Myobloc is only approved for the treatment of torticollis. Both treatments are expensive, but Medicare and most private insurance companies provide coverage for ophthalmic and neurologic uses.
3. Hemifacial spasm is characterized by unilateral, periodic, tonic contractions of the facial muscles used in expression.
Botox is available in vials of 100 units in a powder form, and its manufacturer recommends hydrating the powdered toxin with sterile 0.9% nonpreserved saline. The saline must be injected slowly into the vacuum-sealed vial to prevent frothing or agitation, since mechanical disruption can cause toxin inactivation. Because this agent can deteriorate quickly after being reconstituted, it should be used within four hours.14
Although not recommended by the manufacturer, refrigeration of reconstituted Botox has been shown to maintain product potency for up to two weeks.15
The clinician determines the final concentration of the reconstituted Botox. The most commonly used dilution is 2.5 units per 0.1ml of volume at each injection site. To obtain this dosage, 4ml of saline is injected into the Botox vial, resulting in a concentration of 2.5 units/0.1 ml. Of that, 0.1ml or 0.2ml is typically administered at each treatment site.
Myobloc comes premixed in a clear, colorless-to-light yellow sterile solution. It is available in three dosing volumes: 2,500units/0.5 ml; 5,000 units/1 ml; and 10,000 units/2 ml. It remains stable under refrigeration for up to 21 months.12
Myobloc exists at a pH of 5.6 when in aqueous solution; this relatively acidic pH may cause increased discomfort during injection for some patients.16 Unlike Botox, which has an average therapeutic duration of 14 weeks, Myobloc has been shown to maintain its therapeutic effect for as little as six weeks.16
Because botulinum toxin binds quickly and tightly, there is little risk of the toxin entering the circulatory system. Poor injection technique or overdosage leads to the majority of complications, which generally stem from local spread of the agent to muscle tissue not intended for treatment.
After injection, blepharoptosis may develop in the upper eyelid or the glabellar region. Patients who have an abnormal orbital septum are particularly susceptible to this complication, due to penetration of the medicine into the levator palpebrae superiorus muscle. If eyelid ptosis occurs from an errant injection, a temporary lift can be achieved with Iopidine (apraclonidine, Alcon) drops. This agent stimulates Mllers muscle, providing an elevation of about 2mm.
Patients who undergo injection in the lower eyelid will experience paralytic ectropion if they have pre-existing horizontal laxity and impending involutional ectropion. This complication can lead to postoperative complaints of tears spilling onto the medial cheek.
4. Use of an electromyographic needle for injection helps to ensure that the agent remains in the affected muscle.
Too large a dose on the orbicularis oculi musculature may result in corneal compromise. Blink rate could then decrease, resulting in lagophthalmos. Also, some patients report drooling and/or biting the inside of their mouths for a short period post-injection. This indicates that excessive medication was placed in the cheek area, the nasal labial fold or the corner of the mouth.
Another potential error: injection of the toxin inside the bony orbital margin too near the origin of the inferior oblique muscle at the infraorbital rim. This can lead to paresis of the inferior oblique muscle and vertical diplopia.
Other reported side effects include flu-like symptoms, headache, respiratory infection, nausea, pain and ecchymosis (bruising). Bruising occurs most frequently in older patients who take aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, Coumadin (warfarin, Bristol-Myers Squibb), vitamin E or gingko biloba.
Prior to using botulinum toxin, some well-established contraindications must always be observed. Botulinum toxin should not be used in patients who have neuromuscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton syndrome or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrigs disease).
Likewise, patients who use or may be exposed to certain medications should be excluded. These include the aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamycin, streptomycin); drugs used during anesthesia (succinylcholine); antimalarials (chloroquine, hydoxychloroquine) and D-penicillamine, which is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.
Botulinum toxin also is not recommended for pregnant women or nursing mothers, nor should injection occur in areas in which the overlying skin shows signs of infection or inflammation. Because Botox and Myobloc both contain human serum albumin to stabilize the active ingredient, those allergic to eggs should not receive this agent.
O.D.s should consider injections of botulinum toxin when they encounter patients who suffer from the conditions described above. Botulinum toxin offers many advantages over traditional surgery. Patients may be familiar with the toxins use in cosmetic surgery, so there is less chance of anxiety about its ophthalmic applications. Often, patients will thank you for steering them in the right direction.
Dr. Skorin is the staff ophthalmologist at Albert Lea Eye Clinic-Mayo Health System, Albert Lea, Minn. He lectures and does workshops on botulinum toxin, and has used it in his practice for nearly 14 years.
1. Botulinum toxin therapy of eye muscle disorders. Safety and effectiveness. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology 1989 Sep;Suppl:37-41.
2. Assessment: the clinical usefulness of botulinum toxin-A in treating neurologic disorders. Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 1990 Sep;40(9):1332-6.
3. Crouch ER. Use of botulinum toxin in strabismus. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2006 Oct;17(5):435-40.
4. Helveston EM, Pogrebniak AE. Treatment of acquired nystagmus with botulinum A toxin. Am J Ophthalmol 1988 Nov 15;106(5):584-6.
5. Montoya FJ, Riddell CE, Caesar R, Hague S. Treatment of gustatory hyperlacrimation (crocodile tears) with injection of botulinum toxin into the lacrimal gland. Eye 2002 Nov;16(6):705-9.
6. Cohen JL, Dayan SH. Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of dermatochalasis: an open-label, randomized, dose-comparison study. J Drugs Dermatol 2006 Jul-Aug;5(7):596-601.
7. Gassner HG, Brissett AE, Otley CC, et al. Botulinum toxin to improve facial wound healing: a prospective, blinded, placebo-controlled study. Mayo Clin Proc 2006 Aug;81(8):1023-8.
8. Liu HT, Tsai SK, Kao MC, Hu JS. Botulinum toxin A relieved neuropathic pain in a case of post-herpetic neuralgia. Pain Med 2006 Jan-Feb;7(1):89-91.
9. Mauskop A. The use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of headaches. Pain Physician 2004 Jul;7(3):377-87.
10. Anand KS, Prasad A, Singh MM, et al. Botulinum toxin type A in prophylactic treatment of migraine. Am J Ther 2006 May-Jun;13(3):183-7.
11. Silberstein SD, Gobel H, Jensen R, et al. Botulinum toxin type A in the prophylactic treatment of chronic tension-type headache: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Cephalalgia 2006 Jul;26(7): 790-800.
12. Skorin L. Spasms, twitches and other eyelid glitches. Clin Refract Optom 2006; 17: 14-25.
13. Patel BC, Anderson RL. Essential blepharospasm and related diseases. Focal Points Clinical Modules for Ophthalmologists. San Francisco: The American Academy of
14. Physicians Desk Reference, ed 59. Montvale, NJ: Thompson PDR, 2005: 562-565.
15. Sloop RR, Cole BA, Escutin RO. Reconstituted botulinum toxin type A does not lose potency in humans if it is refrozen or refrigerated for 2 weeks before use. Neurology 1997 Jan;48(1):249-53.
Ophthalmology 2000;18:1-13.
16. Ramirez AL, Reeck J, Maas CS. Botulinum toxin type B (MyoBloc) in the management of hyperkinetic facial lines. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002 May;126(5):459-67.
17. Moriarty KC. Botulinum Toxin in Facial Rejuvenation. London: Mosby, 2004:3-8, 39-50.
Vol. No: 144:02Issue: 2/15/2007
Show more on: MISCELLANEOUS
AMD Linked to Increased Stroke Risk
A Lesion A Year After Surgery
CIBA Honors Corporate O.D.s
Imaging Confirms Diagnosis | {
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I missed something important. As of October 7th my journal is a year old. First fic on the 8th. Wow. Happy Birthday me. I feel as though I should be writing you all stories in honor of it or something. But I think I'll wait until the me-birthday next month.
Hearts and flowers to all of you for making this last year so incredibly gorgeous.
Thanks gorgeous. I have many lovely memes for you today, and I'm gakking that one of Keith's that you did yesterday.
HEY! I thought you were going to put up an eyepatch picture! | {
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Training part will be disclosed to participants and used by them to build their models. It contains the header of the original file and a randomly chosen subset of samples, of a specified size. It contains all attributes of the data, including the decision attribute (label).
Currently, the last column is always used as the decision attribute.
This dataset is used as the input for participants' algorithms in order to create the solution to the task. It contains all attributes except the labels, which are to be predicted. Like the training part, it also contains the file header.
These are the labels that were excluded from the public test part. Target "ground-truth" values the participants' solutions are compared to and will not be revealed. The preliminary labels are used during the preliminary tests, while the final are used to calculate the final scores. The size of each part can be chosen by you.
The division into preliminary and final parts is random and participants will not know where each sample belongs to. If a sample is not selected for a given evaluation file, an empty line is inserted instead, so by inspecting the files you can find out which test records go where.
The format of the training and test public parts is the same as the original file's format. The files containing the labels are compatible with the standard evaluation procedures. | {
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This year the Committee of Concerned Scientists — now 35 years old — spoke out for scholars and scientists in sixteen countries who were the victims of human-rights abuse. We took action to help our academic colleagues around the world whose work was hindered by illegal or repressive measures. Many of these individuals were harassed for their support of human rights or for their critical attitudes towards their own governments. In many cases we were gratified to see that unjust imprisonment was ended or suffering relieved.
Download the summary of our activities in 2007 in Adobe Acrobat PDF format. | {
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Bradley Todd Player (born 18 January 1967, in Benoni) is a former South African first class cricketer for Free State and Western Province. An all-rounder, his career lasted from 1984/85 until 2000/01. He bowled both right-arm fast-medium and offbreaks and as a right-handed batsman he made 4 first class hundreds. Player was also a regular for South Africa in the Hong Kong Sixes.
In February 2020, he was named in South Africa's squad for the Over-50s Cricket World Cup in South Africa. However, the tournament was cancelled during the third round of matches due to the coronavirus pandemic.
References
External links
1967 births
Living people
South African cricketers
Boland cricketers
Western Province cricketers
Free State cricketers | {
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Please contact us for a quote and other warehousing questions.
We specialize in hauling raw and finished paper products, plastics, and meat products for distribution throughout the east and southeast regions of the United States.
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Prolific non-supercell tornado outbreak in Kansas 5/19/12 !!!
Yesterday (May 19) in south-central Kansas was a great reminder that potentially strong tornadoes (see images above near Rago KS in the 6:30-6:45 pm CDT / 2330-2345 UTC time frame) can occur once in awhile without the typical supercell processes that involve large low-level wind shear or storm-relative helicity. I've written peer-reviewed papers on this subject for NWA Electronic Journal (2005, see here) and Weather and Forecasting (2006, see here). In particular, the setting shown in the 2005 NWA paper with Jim Caruso matched what happened yesterday (which was largely unexpected) quite well.
Non-supercell tornadoes that we tend to call "landspouts" (because of their seeming similarity to waterspouts, but over land) generally occur on sharp boundaries and get their "spin" from stretching of vorticity associated with the sharp wind shift, often seen as a fine line on radar or even satellite (see the frontal boundary in south-central KS on the satellite image above). While the boundary is the most important ingredient, the environment usually includes steep low-level lapse rates (a rapid drop in temperature above ground) in the lowest 1 or 2 km due to strong surface heating and no temperature inversion (little or no CIN or convective inhibition), along with well-mixed low-level moisture. Such tornadoes can occur even if the spread between temperature and dewpoint is large and cloud bases (LCLs or lifting condensation levels) are quite high, unlike supercell tornadoes. Notice that the Rapid Refresh sounding above, 30-40 minutes before yesterday's first tornadoes, had all these characteristics. Such a profile would promote rapid low-level upward stretching under storm updrafts, and if the stretching with thunderstorm updrafts were to occur directly over a wind shift boundary with vertical vorticity or "spin" along it, that would increase the chance of tornadoes.
The morning NAM and HRRR forecast panels above for mid to late afternoon on Saturday suggested that these ingredients (boundary, steep lapse rates, low-level moisture with little CIN, and convection on the boundary) might be in place for a "mesoscale accident". Short-term forecasting of such set ups is never easy and depends on everything coming together just right. But certainly, with so many tornado reports in the Kingman/Harper County area of south-central Kansas during the 90 minute period 5:30-7:00 pm CDT (2230-0000 UTC), including one tornado that significantly damaged wind farm turbines, everything came together in spades.
The surface map and SPC mesoanalysis panels above show these same ingredients coming together in real-time on the 2200 UTC panels before the tornadoes.
In contrast, the next SPC panels above include 0-1 km storm-relative helicity (SRH) at 2200 UTC, showing how poor the low-level shear environment was yesterday in regard to supercell processes. However, the surface vorticity panel by it shows how much vertical vorticity was focused and available with the boundary for non-supercell processes.
The 3 radar panels above also show some interesting mesoscale features. Along with the storms "back-building" to the south-southwest like a "zipper" on and directly over the boundary (common in prolific "landspout" events), notice the southwestward-moving outflow boundary (another radar fine line) visible behind the frontal boundary. As this intersected the frontal boundary progressively southward, it appeared to help in the generation of successive tornadoes, including the tornadoes near Rago KS tornado that occured in northern Harper County KS about 15 minutes after the last image above. I've seen this before in prolific landspout events when the radar is close enough to see it, and it could be an important issue in the production of stronger "landspout-type" tornadoes.
One other issue I will mention is the Non-Supercell Tornado parameter (NST, not shown) found on SPC's mesoanalysis site. It performed _horribly_ yesterday, showing no values at all during the outbreak. I'll have to look back at the ingredients that go into the NST parameter, but my impression is that it depends too much on the presence of low-level (0-3 km) CAPE, which may or may not be part of the environment in "landspout" settings (see the earlier sounding). What's probably more important is well-mixed moisture in the lowest 1-2 kilometers along with the steep low-level lapse rates, and a lack of CIN (convective inhibition) and absence of a temperature inversion that might otherwise slow stretching in low-levels. If I were writing the papers now that I referenced earlier, I would modify my description of these ingredients.
At any rate, as I've heard Chuck Doswell say many times, there are many ways to get a tornado. Mother Nature doesn't care if the vorticity to be stretched is from SRH (tilted horizontal vorticity) or a sharp wind shift boundary (localized vorticity already oriented vertically). A prolific non-supercell tornado setting like yesterday doesn't happen very often, but for tornado forecasters it is definitely one to get familiar with and watch for.
Update: Wichita NWS (see here) has rated one of Saturday's tornadoes that struck a farm northwest of Harper as EF3 in intensity. That's pretty impressive for an event driven primarily by non-supercell tornado (NST) processes. It seems that the more prolific an NST event and the longer it goes on, the more intense and "supercellular" in nature the tornadoes can become, particularly if deep layer wind shear is significant (around 35 knots in this setting).
Saturday 5/5/12 over Nebraska was a good example of a "cap" bust where the surface warm sector was overlain by warm temperatures aloft at around 10,000 ft MSL (the "cap", see 700 mb 9 deg C isotherm on SPC graphics above through the day) that kept warm sector storms from forming. This effectively eliminated any tornado potential for a day that had looked much more threatening on computer models a couple days before. My wife Shawna and I saw this looking at morning and early afternoon data, and were concerned that daytime storms would be limited to the elevated environment north of the surface front . So we elected not to storm chase today.
The chart above is a rough seasonal guideline I use regarding 700 mb temperatures that estimate the "cap" during maximum heating in the Central Plains. Notice that 9 deg C (give or take a degree) is a very rough estimate of the "cap" in early May, and that was a good indicator today using the earlier SPC graphics.
The SW-NE stationary surface boundary over Nebraska (see map above) was "covered" by this cap through most of the day, which kept storms from initiating over central and northeast Nebraska in the warm sector. It can also be seen on the SPC SBCAPE and EHI graphics above that the first cell to form in the evening was well north of this surface boundary in South Dakota and far away from a truly surface-based environment. Storms did form in a line around and after dark behind the front (not shown) as the cap eroded from the west with the approach of an upper short wave of energy. But the warm sector tornado threat was eliminated by the cap.
Yesterday, it came to my attention that someone was passing around Facebook a version of the SRH-CAPE chart I posted last year to suggest environment potential (low-level wind shear and instability) for significant tornadoes, using that to show how 5/5/12 would be a big tornado day in Nebraska. Well... What actually happened on 5/5/12 is major reminder that tornado forecasting is about a lot more than just environment... It involves assessing the surface pattern and warm sector orientation relative to where storms initiate (see my last post about April 27), as well the positioning and evolution of any "capped" areas that can keep storms from developing. Severe weather forecasting is not simple stuff. | {
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wazz up zank longtime no see. where u been school...lol.
therealsamwise . Being a large Lord of the Rings fan, and bearing the name Sam, everyone in my house calls me Samwise.
Last edited by awilmut; 03-01-2003 at 08:22 PM.
Not on real often at all... maybe once a month..
Last edited by iamsupraman; 01-11-2005 at 10:09 PM.
wow.. totally different, aren't they?
Feh. You can search by name, too. Numbers is just better 'cause it's more precise.
I'd love to just BS about supras and whatever really. hit me up if you're bored or something! | {
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If you're new to Pure Barre, or even barre – this is a great place to start. Their small group class setting will introduce you to the basic movements of Pure Barre and build confidence as you discover how their technique works and all the benefits it has to offer.
Clients must arrive 20 mins before their first class. Clients who come later than 15 mins before the first class will not be able to attend as there is a waiver and initial debriefing session. For clients who have visited the studio previously (not the first visit), please arrive on time as late arrivals are not accepted. DRESS CODE: Wear a tank/tee that covers the midriff, capris/leggings (pants below the knee), and a pair of socks. Sticky socks are recommended and sold at the studio. No cell phones in class. Towel and water recommended.
The studio is located on the 2nd floor of Kahala Mall - facing outward. They are located between Coldwell Banker and T-Mobile. If you drive up the ramp off of Hunakai St, proceed straight back and the studio will be in the left-hand corner of the upper mall strip. | {
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Stephen Savage
Website: stephensavage.net
Birthplace: Los Angeles, CA
Most recent address: Brooklyn, NY
Stephen Savage was born in Los Angeles, California. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin-Madison with a degree in Art History and received a MFA in Illustration from The School of Visual Arts in New York. Savage's editorial illustrations have appeared in major newspapers and magazines including the New York Times, The Atlantic Monthly, The Washington Post and The Wall Street Journal. He teaches at the School of Visual Arts in Manhattan. Savage received a Geisel Honor in 2016 for Supertruck.
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Babysitter from another planet by Savage, Stephen
BTSB Prebound(Holiday House, 2019)
Dewey: EAges: 4-8
Genres: Science Fiction Humorous Fiction
Subjects: Babysitters - Fiction Extraterrestrial beings - Fiction
Summary: The kids are in for a treat when their parents leave them with an extraterrestrial babysitter.
Little Plane learns to write by Savage, Stephen
BTSB Prebound(Roaring Brook Press, 2017)
AR: 2 LG
Genres: General Fiction
Subjects: Airplanes - Fiction Writing - Fiction
Summary: Little Plane learns to write by practicing his skywriting.
Mixed-up truck by Savage, Stephen
AR: 2.1 LG
Subjects: Trucks - Fiction Construction equipment - Fiction Errors - Fiction
Summary: A little cement mixer learns that making mistakes isn't always a bad thing.
Sign off by Savage, Stephen
BTSB Prebound(Beach Lane Books, 2019)
Genres: Humorous Fiction
Subjects: Street signs - Fiction Stories without words
Summary: A wordless picture book that shows what the figures on road signs do when no one is around to see them. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Name of individual Silk Roads component property: PapBrief description of the component property:A site of ancient settlement Ancient Pap and adjoining urban burial ground are located on the right bank of Syrdarya River. A site of ancient settlement has e
Name of individual Silk Roads component property: Pap
A site of ancient settlement Ancient Pap and adjoining urban burial ground are located on the right bank of Syrdarya River. A site of ancient settlement has entered into the scientific literature under the name - Balandtepa (local population calls as Munchaktepa - Ayritom city). A site of ancient settlement Balandtepa (Bab-Pap) - ruins of ancient city, the area of more than 9 hectares, it is destroyed, especially from side of Syrdarya River and consists of two parts. Collected archeological materials chronologically covered the period from the I to VIII centuries. Ancient Pap structurally consisted of following parts: 1. A citadel - the raised and strengthened southeast part of the site of ancient settlement. 2. Internal city - more lowered part around the arc. The remains of ancient ditch were preserved between arc and internal city. 3. The suburb (rabad) was in the northern part of Balandtepa (Munchaktepa or Ayrtom city). Definition is conditional since there are materials no earlier than the IX century in this part, and most likely, is territory of medieval city. At last, the city necropolis Munchaktepa I, II - to the west from suburb, between internal city and necropolis formed a deep ravine. The City necropolis - Munchaktepa adjoins to the northwest part of Balandtepa. In Munchaktepa I are opened single burials soil tombs and tamping pick. Altogether 14, 9 of them are in soil tombs and 5 - burials in tombs with tamping pick. Inventory in tamping pick burials are more various. Vessels (one or two) were put to the legs or heads, on the right or left side of buried. Spindles, rests of leather products are revealed only in female burials. Iron knifes, knifes-daggers were observed in both men and female burials. In Munchaktepa II were found out the unique funeral constructions in the form of the underground crypts, which have been cut down in the sand-loess adjournment. They are located by the chain on the line of the west - east in the natural oblong hill. In total, it has opened eight crypts. Underground crypts can be divided into two groups according its dimensions: small groups (the area about 5 sq. m.) where have been buried from one to four persons (crypts 2, 3, 4) and big one (6 sq. m. and more) where have been marked about 50 burial places (crypts 1, 5, 7, 9). In the design of the crypts is clearly visible its three-private structure: (1) A front of the entrance platform; (2) A corridor (dromos); (3) The funeral chamber
Burial ground of Munchaktepa is the unique most investigated city necropolis in the earlier medieval epoch of Ferghana. Importance of the burial ground consists of good safety of its materials and variety of types of burials for period V-VIII centuries. All this gives the unique opportunity for studying a facilities and economy of townspeople, and restoration funeral ceremonies and customs too. The city of Pap or Bab in the medieval sources being arisen on the place site of ancient settlement Balandtepa and gradually expanding has moved up to the southern part of the modern Regional center. From all mentioned follows, that Pap developed as the city at the certain place and archeological supervision testifies its two thousand-year history. Pap during several centuries played the important role in the trade and economic relations of Ferghana with the neighbor Regions. It was promoted by its favorable geographical position of vivid trading-caravans on the lines of the Great Silk Road. It is interesting to note of confirming these toponymy and ethnographic materials. So, preserved road name «Ulug' yol - Great Road» that specifies its importance up to now. Besides traces of the passage (the ferry on Syrdarya) to Qoqon (Hokand) it was preserved near to Balandtepa and (ancient part of Pap). The city necropolis of Pap possesses an exclusive historical value: here organic remains were preserved. It is possible to consider these opened crypts as underground "museum" with unique ethnographic finds (in total more than 5000). This monument is one of few monuments where better and much preserved textile products. In the necropolis of the city of Pap textile products were fixed in 25 cases, little entirely kept silk dresses from them. There are many ornaments have found among the most numerous beads, they are about 10000. Gracefully woven baskets are found out also here (a peach, dried apricots) etc. All this allows investigating musical instruments, wooden vessels, the rests of fruit more authentically to beat and culture ancient Ferghana citizens. Valuable materials have received about funeral ceremony and religious system earlier medieval population. Such monuments have been kept very seldom. The safety of the remained parts of city and necropolis are satisfactory. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
<?php
class Core_Model_Finance_Receipt extends Core_Model_Abstract
{
/**
* @var the receipt ID
*/
protected $_receiptId;
const FROM_TYPE = 'receipt from type';
const FROM_TYPE_ACCOUNT = 1;
const FROM_TYPE_CONTACT = 2;
const RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_ACCOUNT = 1;
const RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_CONTACT = 2;
const RECEIPT_TOWARDS_INDIRECT_INCOME = 3;
const CASH = 0;
const DD_CHECK = 1;
/**
* @see Core_Model_Abstract::_dbTableClass
*/
protected $_dbTableClass = 'Core_Model_DbTable_Finance_Receipt';
/**
* @var to store date for transaction
*/
protected $_transactionTime;
/**
* @param receiptId
*/
public function __construct($receiptId = null)
{
if (is_numeric($receiptId)) {
$this->_receiptId = $receiptId;
}
parent::__construct();
}
/**
* @param int $receiptId
* @return fluent interface
*/
public function setReceiptId($receiptId)
{
$this->_receiptId = $receiptId;
return $this;
}
/**
* @return int the $receiptId
*/
public function getReceiptId()
{
return $this->_receiptId;
}
/**
* Create a finance Sundry Debtors Cheque Receipt
* @param array $data with keys
* @return int receipt ID
*/
public function createChequeReceipt($data = array())
{
$table = $this->getTable();
if ($data['from_type'] == 1) {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_ACCOUNT;
$accountModel = new Core_Model_Account($data['account_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['account_id'];
$from = $accountModel->getName();
$ledgerId = $accountModel->getLedgerId();
} else {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_CONTACT;
$contactModel = new Core_Model_Contact($data['contact_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['contact_id'];
$from = $$contactModel->getFullName();
$ledgerId = $contactModel->getLedgerId();
}
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$notes = 'Receipt : mode - cheque from - '.$from;
$ledgerEntryId['0'] = $this->bankLegerEntry($data['bank_account_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes);
$ledgerEntryId['1'] = $this->customerLegerEntry($ledgerId,
$data['amount'], $notes);
$ledgerEntryIds = serialize($ledgerEntryId);
$dataToInsert = array(
'mode' => self::DD_CHECK,
'type' => $fromType,
'type_id' => $data['type_id'],
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'created' => time(),
'created_by' => $this->getCurrentUser()->getUserId(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['bank_account_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $ledgerEntryIds
);
$this->_receiptId = parent::create($dataToInsert);
$dataToInsertReceiptBank = array(
'receipt_id' => $this->_receiptId,
'bank_name' => $data['bank_name'],
'bank_branch' => $data['bank_branch'],
'instrument_number' =>$data['instrument_number'],
'instrument_account_no' => $data['instrument_account_no'],
'instrument_date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
);
$receiptBankModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Receipt_Bank;
$result = $receiptBankModel->create($dataToInsertReceiptBank);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Cheque Receipt created with receipt id = '. $this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $this->_receiptId;
}
/**
* @param bankAccountId
* @param amount
* @return int Bank Ledger Entry Id
*/
protected function bankLegerEntry($bank_account_id, $amount, $notes)
{
$bankAccountModel = new Core_Model_Finance_BankAccount($bank_account_id);
$ledgerId = $bankAccountModel->getLedgerId();
$dataToInsert['debit'] = $amount;
$dataToInsert['credit']= "0";
$dataToInsert['notes'] = $notes;
$dataToInsert['transaction_timestamp'] = $this->_transactionTime;
$dataToInsert['fa_ledger_id'] = $ledgerId;
$ledgerEntryModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
$ledgerEntryId = $ledgerEntryModel->create($dataToInsert);
return $ledgerEntryId;
}
/**
* @param ledger Id and amount
* @return int Ledger Entry Id
*/
protected function customerLegerEntry($ledgerId, $amount, $notes)
{
$dataToInsert['debit'] = "0";
$dataToInsert['credit']= $amount;
$dataToInsert['notes'] = $notes;
$dataToInsert['transaction_timestamp'] = $this->_transactionTime;
$dataToInsert['fa_ledger_id'] = $ledgerId;
$ledgerEntryModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
$ledgerEntryId = $ledgerEntryModel->create($dataToInsert);
return $ledgerEntryId;
}
/**
* Create a finance Sundry Debtors Cash Receipt
* @param array $data with keys
* @return int receipt ID
*/
public function createCashReceipt($data = array())
{
if ($data['from_type'] == 1) {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_ACCOUNT;
$accountModel = new Core_Model_Account($data['account_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['account_id'];
$from = $accountModel->getName();
$ledgerId = $accountModel->getLedgerId();
} else {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_CONTACT;
$contactModel = new Core_Model_Contact($data['contact_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['contact_id'];
$from = $$contactModel->getFullName();
$ledgerId = $contactModel->getLedgerId();
}
$notes = 'Receipt : mode - cash from - '.$from;
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$ledgerEntryIds = array(
'0' => $this->customerLegerEntry($ledgerId,
$data['amount'], $notes),
'1' => $this->cashLegerEntry($data['cashaccount_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes)
);
$fa_ledger_entry_ids = serialize($ledgerEntryIds);
$dataToInsert = array(
'mode' => self::CASH,
'type' => $fromType,
'type_id' => $data['type_id'],
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'created' => time(),
'created_by' => $this->getCurrentUser()->getUserId(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['cashaccount_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $fa_ledger_entry_ids
);
$this->_receiptId = parent::create($dataToInsert);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Cash Receipt created with receipt id = '. $this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $this->_receiptId;
}
/**
* @param cash account Id and amount
* @return cash Ledger Entry Id
*/
protected function cashLegerEntry($cashaccountId, $amount, $notes)
{
$cashaccountModel = new Core_Model_Finance_CashAccount($cashaccountId);
$ledgerId = $cashaccountModel->getLedgerId();
$dataToInsert['debit'] = $amount;
$dataToInsert['credit']= "0";
$dataToInsert['notes'] = $notes;
$dataToInsert['transaction_timestamp'] = $this->_transactionTime;
$dataToInsert['fa_ledger_id'] = $ledgerId;
$ledgerEntryModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
$ledgerEntryId = $ledgerEntryModel->create($dataToInsert);
return $ledgerEntryId;
}
/**
* @param ledger Id and amount
* @return income Ledger Entry Id
*/
protected function incomeLegerEntry($ledgerId, $amount, $notes)
{
$dataToInsert = array(
'debit' => "0",
'credit' => $amount,
'notes' => $notes,
'transaction_timestamp' => $this->_transactionTime,
'fa_ledger_id' => $ledgerId
);
$ledgerEntryModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
$ledgerEntryId = $ledgerEntryModel->create($dataToInsert);
return $ledgerEntryId;
}
/**
* Fetches a single Receipt record from db
* Based on currently set receiptId
* @return array of Receipt record
*/
public function fetch()
{
$table = $this->getTable();
$select = $table->select(Zend_Db_Table::SELECT_WITH_FROM_PART)
->setIntegrityCheck(false)
->where('receipt_id = ?', $this->_receiptId);
$result = $table->fetchRow($select);
if ($result) {
$result = $result->toArray();
}
return $result;
}
/**
* @param array $data
* @return int
*/
public function edit($data = array())
{
if ($data['from_type'] == 1) {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_ACCOUNT;
$accountModel = new Core_Model_Account($data['account_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['account_id'];
$from = $accountModel->getName();
$ledgerId = $accountModel->getLedgerId();
} else {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_CONTACT;
$contactModel = new Core_Model_Contact($data['contact_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['contact_id'];
$from = $$contactModel->getFullName();
$ledgerId = $contactModel->getLedgerId();
}
$notes = 'Receipt : mode - cheque from - '.$from;
$receiptRecord = $this->fetch();
$lederEntryIdToDelete =
unserialize($receiptRecord['s_fa_ledger_entry_ids']);
$LedgerEntyModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
$result = $LedgerEntyModel->deleteByIds($lederEntryIdToDelete);
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$ledgerEntryId['0'] = $this->bankLegerEntry($data['bank_account_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes);
$ledgerEntryId['1'] = $this->customerLegerEntry($ledgerId,
$data['amount'], $notes);
$ledgerEntryIds = serialize($ledgerEntryId);
$dataToInsert = array(
'mode' => self::DD_CHECK,
'type' => $fromType,
'type_id' => $data['type_id'],
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['bank_account_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $ledgerEntryIds
);
$table = $this->getTable();
$where = $table->getAdapter()
->quoteInto('receipt_id = ?', $this->_receiptId);
$result = $table->update($dataToInsert, $where);
$dataToInsertReceiptBank = array(
'receipt_id' => $this->_receiptId,
'bank_name' => $data['bank_name'],
'bank_branch' => $data['bank_branch'],
'instrument_account_no' => $data['instrument_account_no'],
'instrument_number' => $data['instrument_number'],
'instrument_date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
);
$receiptBankModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Receipt_Bank;
$result = $receiptBankModel->edit($dataToInsertReceiptBank,
$this->_receiptId);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Cheque Receipt edited with receipt id = '. $this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $result;
}
/**
* @param array $data
* @return int
*/
public function editCashReceipt($data = array())
{
if ($data['from_type'] == 1) {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_ACCOUNT;
$accountModel = new Core_Model_Account($data['account_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['account_id'];
$from = $accountModel->getName();
$ledgerId = $accountModel->getLedgerId();
} else {
$fromType = self::RECEIPT_TO_SUNDRY_DEBTORS_CONTACT;
$contactModel = new Core_Model_Contact($data['contact_id']);
$data['type_id'] = $data['contact_id'];
$from = $$contactModel->getFullName();
$ledgerId = $contactModel->getLedgerId();
}
$notes = 'Receipt : mode - cash from - '.$from;
$receiptRecord = $this->fetch();
$lederEntryIdToDelete =
unserialize($receiptRecord['s_fa_ledger_entry_ids']);
$LedgerEntyModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
for($i = 0; $i <= sizeof($lederEntryIdToDelete)-1; $i += 1) {
$result = $LedgerEntyModel->deleteById($lederEntryIdToDelete[$i]);
}
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$ledgerEntryIds = array();
$ledgerEntryIds['0'] = $this->customerLegerEntry($ledgerId,
$data['amount'], $notes);
$ledgerEntryIds['1'] = $this->cashLegerEntry($data['cashaccount_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes);
$fa_ledger_entry_ids = serialize($ledgerEntryIds);
$dataToUpdate = array(
'mode' => self::CASH,
'type' => $fromType,
'type_id' => $data['type_id'],
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['cashaccount_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $fa_ledger_entry_ids
);
$table = $this->getTable();
$where = $table->getAdapter()
->quoteInto('receipt_id = ?', $this->_receiptId);
$result = $table->update($dataToUpdate, $where);
$dataToInsertReceiptBank = array(
'receipt_id' => $this->_receiptId,
'bank_name' => $data['bank_name'],
'bank_branch' => $data['bank_branch'],
'instrument_account_no' => $data['instrument_account_no'],
'instrument_date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
);
$receiptBankModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Receipt_Bank;
$result = $receiptBankModel->edit($dataToInsertReceiptBank,
$this->_receiptId);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Cash Receipt edited with receipt id = '. $this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $result;
}
/**
* deletes a row in table based on currently set receiptId
* deletes respective ledger entry details
* @return int
*/
public function delete()
{
$receiptRecord = $this->fetch();
$lederEntryIdToDelete =
unserialize($receiptRecord['s_fa_ledger_entry_ids']);
$LedgerEntyModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
for($i = 0; $i <= sizeof($lederEntryIdToDelete)-1; $i += 1) {
$result = $LedgerEntyModel->deleteById($lederEntryIdToDelete[$i]);
}
$table = $this->getTable();
$where = $table->getAdapter()
->quoteInto('receipt_id = ?', $this->_receiptId);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Receipt deleted with receipt id = '. $this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $table->delete($where);
}
/**
* Create a finance Indirect Income Cash Receipt
* @param array $data with keys
* @return int receipt ID
*/
public function createIndirectIncomeCashReceipt($data = array())
{
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$notes = 'Receipt : mode - cash Type - Indirect Income Cash Receipt';
$ledgerEntryIds = array(
'0' => $this->incomeLegerEntry($data['ledger_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes),
'1' => $this->cashLegerEntry($data['cashaccount_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes)
);
$fa_ledger_entry_ids = serialize($ledgerEntryIds);
$dataToInsert = array(
'mode' => self::CASH,
'type' => self::RECEIPT_TOWARDS_INDIRECT_INCOME,
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'created' => time(),
'created_by' => $this->getCurrentUser()->getUserId(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['cashaccount_id'],
'indirect_income_ledger_id' => $data['ledger_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $fa_ledger_entry_ids
);
$receiptId = parent::create($dataToInsert);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Indirect Income Cash Receipt created with receipt id = '.
$receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $receiptId;
}
/**
* Create a finance Indirect Income Cheque Receipt
* @param array $data with keys
* @return int receipt ID
*/
public function createIndirectIncomeChequeReceipt($data = array())
{
$table = $this->getTable();
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$notes ='Receipt : mode - Cheque Type - Indirect Income Cheque Receipt';
$ledgerEntryIds = array(
'0' => $this->incomeLegerEntry($data['ledger_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes),
'1' => $this->bankLegerEntry($data['bank_account_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes)
);
$ledgerEntryIds = serialize($ledgerEntryIds);
$dataToInsert = array(
'mode' => self::DD_CHECK,
'type' => self::RECEIPT_TOWARDS_INDIRECT_INCOME,
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'created' => time(),
'created_by' => $this->getCurrentUser()->getUserId(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'indirect_income_ledger_id' => $data['ledger_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['bank_account_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $ledgerEntryIds
);
$this->_receiptId = parent::create($dataToInsert);
$dataToInsertReceiptBank = array(
'receipt_id' => $this->_receiptId,
'bank_name' => $data['bank_name'],
'bank_branch' => $data['bank_branch'],
'instrument_number' =>$data['instrument_number'],
'instrument_account_no' => $data['instrument_account_no'],
'instrument_date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
);
$receiptBankModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Receipt_Bank;
$result = $receiptBankModel->create($dataToInsertReceiptBank);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Indirect Income Cheque Receipt created with receipt id = '.
$this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $this->_receiptId;
}
/**
* @param array $data
* @return int
*/
public function editIndirectIncomeChequeReceipt($data = array())
{
$receiptRecord = $this->fetch();
$lederEntryIdToDelete =
unserialize($receiptRecord['s_fa_ledger_entry_ids']);
$LedgerEntyModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
$result = $LedgerEntyModel->deleteByIds($lederEntryIdToDelete);
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$notes = 'Receipt : mode - cheque Type - Indirect Income Cheque Receipt';
$ledgerEntryIds = array(
'0' => $this->incomeLegerEntry($data['ledger_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes),
'1' => $this->bankLegerEntry($data['bank_account_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes)
);
$ledgerEntryIds = serialize($ledgerEntryIds);
$dataToInsert = array(
'mode' => self::DD_CHECK,
'type' => self::RECEIPT_TOWARDS_INDIRECT_INCOME,
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'indirect_income_ledger_id' => $data['ledger_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['bank_account_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $ledgerEntryIds
);
$table = $this->getTable();
$where = $table->getAdapter()
->quoteInto('receipt_id = ?', $this->_receiptId);
$result = $table->update($dataToInsert, $where);
$dataToInsertReceiptBank = array(
'receipt_id' => $this->_receiptId,
'bank_name' => $data['bank_name'],
'bank_branch' => $data['bank_branch'],
'instrument_number' =>$data['instrument_number'],
'instrument_account_no' => $data['instrument_account_no'],
'instrument_date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
);
$receiptBankModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Receipt_Bank;
$result = $receiptBankModel->edit($dataToInsertReceiptBank,
$this->_receiptId);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Indirect Income Cash Receipt edited with receipt id = '.
$this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $result;
}
/**
* @param array $data
* @return int
*/
public function editIndirectIncomeCashReceipt($data = array())
{
$receiptRecord = $this->fetch();
$lederEntryIdToDelete =
unserialize($receiptRecord['s_fa_ledger_entry_ids']);
$LedgerEntyModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Ledger_Entry;
for($i = 0; $i <= sizeof($lederEntryIdToDelete)-1; $i += 1) {
$result = $LedgerEntyModel->deleteById($lederEntryIdToDelete[$i]);
}
$date = new Zend_Date($data['date']);
$this->_transactionTime = $date->getTimestamp();
$notes = 'Receipt : mode - cash Type - Indirect Income Cash Receipt';
$ledgerEntryIds = array(
'0' => $this->incomeLegerEntry($data['ledger_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes),
'1' => $this->cashLegerEntry($data['cashaccount_id'],
$data['amount'], $notes)
);
$fa_ledger_entry_ids = serialize($ledgerEntryIds);
$dataToUpdate = array(
'mode' => self::CASH,
'type' => self::RECEIPT_TOWARDS_INDIRECT_INCOME,
'amount' => $data['amount'],
'date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
'branch_id' => $data['branch_id'],
'mode_account_id' => $data['cashaccount_id'],
's_fa_ledger_entry_ids' => $fa_ledger_entry_ids
);
$table = $this->getTable();
$where = $table->getAdapter()
->quoteInto('receipt_id = ?', $this->_receiptId);
$result = $table->update($dataToUpdate, $where);
$dataToInsertReceiptBank = array(
'receipt_id' => $this->_receiptId,
'bank_name' => $data['bank_name'],
'bank_branch' => $data['bank_branch'],
'instrument_account_no' => $data['instrument_account_no'],
'instrument_date' => $date->getTimestamp(),
);
$receiptBankModel = new Core_Model_Finance_Receipt_Bank;
$result = $receiptBankModel->edit($dataToInsertReceiptBank,
$this->_receiptId);
$log = $this->getLoggerService();
$info = 'Indirect Income Cash Receipt edited with receipt id = '.
$this->_receiptId;
$log->info($info);
return $result;
}
/**
* @param Receipt Id and Bankaccount Id
* @return array of amount
*/
public function getAmountByReceiptIdAndBankAccountId($receiptId,
$bankAccountId)
{
$table = $this->getTable();
$select = $table->select(Zend_Db_Table::SELECT_WITH_FROM_PART)
->setIntegrityCheck(false)
->where('receipt_id = ?', $receiptId)
->where('mode_account_id = ?', $bankAccountId);
$result = $table->fetchRow($select);
if ($result) {
$result = $result->toArray();
}
return $result['amount'];
}
/**
* @return string PDF file location
*/
public function getPdfFileLocation()
{
$pdf = new Core_Model_Finance_Receipt_Pdf();
$pdf->setModel($this);
$pdf->run();
$pdfPath = APPLICATION_PATH . '/data/documents/receipt/receipt_' .
$this->_receiptId . '.pdf';
$pdf->Output($pdfPath, 'F');
return $pdfPath;
}
/**
* @return string PDF file location
*/
public function fetchReceiptsByDate($date)
{
$date = new Zend_Date($date);
$startDate = $date->getTimestamp();
$endDate = $date->addDay(1);
$endDate = $endDate->getTimestamp();
$table = $this->getTable();
$select = $table->select(Zend_Db_Table::SELECT_WITH_FROM_PART)
->setIntegrityCheck(false)
->where("date BETWEEN '$startDate' and '$endDate'");
$result = $table->fetchAll($select);
if ($result) {
$result = $result->toArray();
}
return $result;
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
DREAMS of a white Christmas are to be dashed after bookmakers hiked up odds of the country seeing a blanket of snow on December 25.
Here's the latest weather forecast for the festive period.
What are the odds of snow falling on this year's Christmas Day?
At least one snowflake has fallen on Christmas Day 38 times in the last 55 years.
This means, statistically, we can expect to see a white Christmas at least once every two years.
But the white Christmas we imagine, where there are layers of snow covering the ground, is much rarer.
Ladbrokes have reduced the odds from 10/1 to 5/1 that the mild temperatures will smash the 15C record set in 1920.
According to the Met Office, Christmas Eve will see cloudy with patchy rain conditions.
It will be mostly dry and cloudy on Christmas Day itself, with some showers expected for Boxing Day.
Sadly, the cosy temperatures are thought to be accompanied with rain as there is a 3/1 chance it will be the wettest Christmas we've seen so far.
Jessica Bridge of Ladbrokes said: "Unfortunately it now looks like we're going to have a wet Christmas instead of a white one, but the country can at least rejoice in the warm temperatures on offer."
The Met Office said the mercury is set to be warmer than average and dry, with a balmy 11C in the south and 9C in the north.
With less than two weeks until Christmas the weather forecasts have forced Coral to trim their odds on a White Christmas.
Easter 2019 weather forecast - will it be a washout or heatwave?
When was the UK's last white Christmas?
At least one snowflake has to fall somewhere in the UK on December 25 for it to be classed as a white Christmas.
Snow that has fallen before the big day and is still on the ground may look pretty - but it won't count with the bookies.
Our last white Christmas was in 2010, when snow or sleet fell at 83 per cent of stations, according to the Met Office. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Your Vice is a Locked Room and Only I Have the Key (1972)
Director: Sergio Martino
Notable Cast: Edwige Fenech, Anita Strindberg, Luigi Pistilli, Ivan Rassimov, Franco Nebbia, Riccardo Salvino, Angela La Vorgna, Enrica Conaccorti, Daniela Giordano, Ermelinda De Felice
*Part of a duel pack called Black Cats available from Arrow Video*
Giallo is far from my favorite genre overall and it's usually one that I rarely review here at Blood Brothers, but when Arrow Video's latest release of Sergio Martino's Your Vice Is a Locked Room and Only I Have the Key (which will be known as Your Vice from this point on for the sake of hand fatigue) landed on my doorstep it was hard not to get a bit excited. Your Vice contains some of the work of many of the iconic names of giallo cinema to it and yet, I had only heard of mixed things about the loose adaption of Edgar Allan Poe's Black Cat story. In the end, Your Vice is the mixed bag that many fans claimed it to be, but it's hardly the film that some called disappointing. Particularly when the third act comes out so strongly that it delivers a purpose to the rather plodding first two-thirds that viewers may not see coming.
Their marriage is crumbling. Irina (Strindberg) can't stand her abusive and alcoholic husband Oliverio (Pistilli) and his almost animalistic sexual tendencies and Oliverio thinks his wife simply holds him back from being the great author he believes he is. When one of local book seller girls is found viciously murdered, Oliverio becomes the prime suspect and things get even more complicated when his beautiful niece (Fenech) shows up to add further stress to the situation…but things are not always what they seem and everyone is a suspect when it comes to this ticking time bomb.
Eyes on fire.
Generally speaking, Your Vice is a relatively 'safe' giallo flick. As the genre expanded in popularity, the films became much more ridiculous in their twists, kills, and gimmicks, but for Your Vice the style is played fairly up front focusing on atmosphere and a sense of disillusionment for the characters (and thus, the audience). Iconic Italian director Sergio Martino slathers the film in a dense and disturbed sense of upcoming dread by having each (and damn near EVERY) character become a possible villain and/or victim. Not a single person is all that likable in this film outside of a few very small secondary characters, which can be an issue for an audience who really wants to root for a clear cut protagonist, and the various lead roles slither in and out of varying degrees of confusion and corruption as the film plays on. This allows the various actors to really dig into the subtleties of their roles, although a big tip of the hat goes to Fenech in the role of the niece who comes off as deliciously dislikable with her charm, and it allows director Martino to build in some serious levels of gray color in what should have been a very black and white murder mystery flick.
However, the film does take a long time to really start maneuvering the various pieces of the plotting into place for the audience and it makes the first two-thirds of the film drag quite a bit. The sexual tone of the film and the subtle inclusion of the 'black cat' aspect of its script source tend to keep things a bit more interesting overall in style, but the film seems very particular with its plotting that it can seem almost too intentional at times. Stick with the film though because Your Vice saves what might have been a very mediocre giallo with a stupendous third act.
When the killer is addressed by the end of the second act (!), one starts to wonder what Your Vice has up its sleeve…and it's a lot. Not that I'm going to be a dick and give away the plethora of various plot twists and characters shifts that make the third act so good, but just know that the body count skyrockets and the twists that come rushing in make all of the various intentional plotting, including the rather mundane use of the cat, come back full circle to be effective and often shocking. There is one character with silver hair that shows up at this point that is not nearly built enough to be as effective as one would hope, but really it's nitpicking to one of the better third acts I've seen in a giallo before.
While I have never seen a version of this film previous to this Arrow Video release in the double movie set Black Cats (along with Lucio Fulci's The Black Cat – a review you can read HERE), this release is pretty impressive none-the-less. The 2K restoration of the film is tight as is the option of having both Italian and English language versions of the film (with subtitles for both for those who like those like myself), but there are a handful of interviews worthy of the purchase price – including a rather hilariously dry written interview with screenwriter Gastaldi and a new little brief analysis of why Your Vice is an overlooked gem by horror auteur Eli Roth. Fans of gialli, whether this film is included in the list of best of the genre or not, are going to want to immediately dig into this release for its robust features.
Depth. It does a movie good.
All in all, Your Vice Is a Locked Room and Only I Have the Key is the kind of giallo for collectors. It has a lot of key crew and cast involved in its creation that makes it a rather fun and effective film, despite its rather plodding first two acts and dry and dark approach to the material. It's not necessarily the most creative of murder mysteries that arose out of the genre, but it's pretty impeccably executed (and lavishly restored) that giallo fans are going to want to have this one in their collection.
ARROW VIDEO SPECIAL FEATURES:
Limited Edition boxed-set (3000 copies) containing Your Vice Is a Locked Room and Only I Have the Key and The Black Cat
Unveiling the Vice – making-of retrospective featuring interviews with Martino, star Edwige Fenech and screenwriter Ernesto Gastaldi
Brand new 2K restorations of the films from the original camera negatives
High Definition Blu-ray (1080p) and Standard Definition DVD presentations
Original Italian and English soundtracks in mono audio (uncompressed PCM on the Blu-rays)
Newly translated English subtitles for the Italian soundtracks
Optional English subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing for the English soundtracks
Limited Edition 80-page booklet containing new articles on the films, Lucio Fulci's last ever interview and a reprint of Poe's original story
Through the Keyhole – a brand new interview with director Sergio Martino
Dolls of Flesh and Blood: The Gialli of Sergio Martino – a visual essay by Michael Mackenzie exploring the director's unique contributions to the giallo genre
The Strange Vices of Ms. Fenech – film historian Justin Harries on the Your Vice actress' prolific career
Eli Roth on Your Vice and the genius of Martino Reversible sleeve featuring original and newly commissioned artwork by Matthew Griffin
Labels: Arrow Video, Giallo, Horror, Suspense / Thriller
Been a while since you guys reviewed a Sergio Martino flick (I think the last one was Big Alligator River for Arizona Colt Hired Gun). Keep it up!
Halloween: The Curse of Michael Myers (1995)
Golden Cane Warrior, The (2015)
Your Vice is a Locked Room and Only I Have the Key...
Black Cat, The (1981)
Bloody Knuckles (2015)
Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers (1989)
Northern Limit Line (2015)
Halloween 4: The Return of Michael Myers (1988)
Raid, The (1991)
Bound to Vengeance (2015)
Avenging Fist, The (2001)
Halloween II (1981)
Contracted: Phase II (2015)
Children of the Night (2015)
Goodnight Mommy (2015)
Timber, The (2015) | {
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} |
The United Nations University's programme area on Sustaining Global Life-support Systems responds to the priorities identified in the Agenda 21 emanating from the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Within the programme area on Sustaining Global Life-support Systems, the UNU's programme on Integrated Studies of Ecosystems aggregates issues of environmentally sustainable development from the entry point of the capacity of ecosystems and their ability to support, resist, or recuperate from the long-term impact of major transformations. UNU's projects within this programme approach issues from three perspectives: one focus is on integrated studies of fragile ecosystems and other vulnerable regions in given geographic zones: mountains and lowlands, and fragile ecosystems in critical zones. A second set of projects covers improved methods of measuring and monitoring sustainability and environmental management. A third is sectoral studies of critical resources such as forests, oceans, biodiversity resources, and waters.
As part of its activities concerned with water as a critical resource, the UNU is continuing to organize a series of projects that work to harness the inextricable link between water and geopolitics in arid and volatile regions. The aim is to identify issues in disputes concerning water resources; to select alternative scenarios that could lead to the solution of the complex problems related to water issues; and to recommend processes through which the countries concerned are likely to agree to mutually satisfactory solutions to problems.
The Middle East Water Forum held in Cairo in 1993, organized by the UNU, produced an authoritative book on the subject entitled "International Waters of the Middle East: From Euphrates-Tigris to Nile." The Forum proved highly successful and contributed, informally but importantly, to the progress of the Middle East Peace Talks. This book emerged as a part of the UNU's continuing efforts in this field and is part of a series of books related to water issues and conflict resolution.
All of the countries and territories in and around the Jordan River watershed - Israel, Syria, Jordan, the West Bank, and Gaza - are currently using between 95 per cent and more than 100 per cent of their annual renewable freshwater supply. In recent dry years, water consumption has routinely exceeded annual supply, the difference usually being made up through overpumping of fragile groundwater systems. By the end of the century, shortages will be the norm. Projected water requirements for the year 2000 are 2,000 million cubic metres (MCM) annually for Israel, approximately 130 per cent of current renewable supplies, and 1,000 MCM/yr, or 115 per cent of current supplies, for Jordan. Syrian water demand is expected to exceed available supply by 2010.
Superimposed on this regional water shortage are the political boundaries of countries that have been in a technical, when not actual, state of war since 1948. In fact, much of the political conflict has been either precipitated or exacerbated by conflicts over scarce water resources. Water-related incidents include the first Arab summit, with the consequent establishment of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1964, armed escalation between Syria and Israel leading up to the Six-Day War in 1967 and, according to some, the war itself, as well as the current impasse over the final status of the West Bank. Israel's incursions into Lebanon and its continued presence there have also been linked to a "hydraulic imperative."
With only 1,400 MCM of usable flow annually flow 1992), the Jordan River is the smallest major watershed in the region, compared with the Nile with 74,000 MCM/yr or the Euphrates at 32,000 MCM/ yr. But, because of its geopolitical position, the Jordan has been described as "having witnessed more severe international conflict over water than any other river system in the Middle East ... and ... remains by far the most likely flashpoint for the future" (E. Anderson in Starr and Stoll 1988, 10).
In addition to a natural increase in demand for water due to growing populations and economies, the region can expect dramatic demographic changes from at least three sources. Israel expects about a million additional Soviet Jewish immigrants over the next decade (Bank of Israel 1991) - a 25 per cent increase over its present population. Jordan, meanwhile, recently absorbed 300,000 Palestinians expelled from Kuwait in the wake of the Gulf War. Finally, talks are being initiated over a greater level of autonomy of the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza. Presumably, an autonomous Palestine would strive to absorb and settle a number of the 2.2 million Palestinians registered worldwide as refugees (Jaffee Center 1989, 206). The absorption of any or all of these groups of immigrants would have profound impacts on regional water demands.
Given the important role of water in the history of the Middle East conflict, and given imminent water shortages in this volatile region, the future can appear full of foreboding. Two recent American studies of the links between water resources and politics in the Middle East were sponsored by agencies whose primary interests are strategic or defence-related. Naff and Matson (1984) were commissioned by the Defense Intelligence Agency, and a study by Starr and Stoll (1987; 1988) was carried out under the auspices of the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C. The executive summary of the latter report begins, "Before the twenty-first century, the struggle over limited and threatened water resources could sunder already fragile ties among regional states and lead to unprecedented upheaval within the area." There is, however, some room for optimism. Along with being an impetus to conflict, water has also been a vehicle for cooperation. Throughout the 42 years of hostilities, water issues have been the subject of occasional secret talks and even some negotiated agreements between the states in the region. In regional peace talks, cooperation on regional water planning or technology might actually help provide momentum toward negotiated political settlement. According to Frey and Naff (1985, 67), "Precisely because it is essential to life and so highly charged, water can perhaps even tends to - produce cooperation even in the absence of trust between concerned actors." Finally, the pressures to cooperate might very well come from a clear understanding of the alternative. "If the people in the region are not clever enough to discuss a mutual solution to the problem of water scarcity," Meir Ben-Meir, former Israeli Water Commissioner, is quoted as saying, "then war is unavoidable" (cited in The Times, London, 21 February 1989).
What follows is an overview of the interplay between the waters of the Jordan River and the conflict between the states through which they flow. Included are sections on the natural hydrography of the watershed, a history of waterrelated conflict and cooperation in the region, and a survey of some resource strategy alternatives for the future.
The underlying premise is that the inextricable link between water and politics can be harnessed to help induce ever-increasing cooperation in planning or projects between otherwise hostile riparians, in essence "leading" regional peace talks. To show how this might be accomplished, a threepronged approach is taken.
In chapter 2, I present the hydrology of the Jordan River watershed, and the long and tempestuous hydropolitical relationship between the riparians, their water resources, and each other. I suggest that, throughout the history of the region, water has influenced settlement patterns, attitudes towards immigration, and political tensions. I also examine the rare instances of cooperation, albeit small-scale and secret, for lessons we might apply to the future of the basin.
In chapter 3, the literature of several disciplines that address various aspects of conflicts over water is surveyed. The disciplines included are the physical sciences, law, political science, economics, game theory, and alternative dispute resolution (ADR). I suggest that, although each discipline provides useful guidelines to analysing different aspects of a watershed, no one discipline is capable of sufficiently evaluating watershed development and conflict analysis. I therefore develop an integrated interdisciplinary framework for analysis of water conflicts. Borrowing from the disciplines listed above, I provide steps for a preliminary watershed analysis; a framework for evaluating technical and policy options that might be available to a particular basin dependent on values for technical, economic, and political viability; and a process for "cooperation-inducing design" for development plans and projects.
In chapter 4, I apply the framework for analysis to the Jordan River watershed. By determining, in general terms, which options are more viable than others for the Jordan basin, I suggest a four-stage process for watershed development by which cooperation can grow from "small and doable" planning, through steps incorporating guidelines for cooperation-inducing measures, to ever-increasing cooperation and integration of the watershed. The four steps include negotiating an equitable division of existing resources; emphasizing greater efficiency for water supply and demand; alleviating short-term needs through interbasin water transfers, if available and politically viable; and developing a regional desalination project in cooperation-inducing stages. By including feedback within the evaluation framework between the hydrologic and political aspects of hydropolitics I suggest that water issues can remain on the cutting edge of political relations, in essence "leading" a peace process.
The emphasis of this study, however, is not necessarily to broaden disciplines. My interest is water and people, and the question to be answered is, "What works?" for assessing international water basins in general, and for attempting to resolve the conflicts in this especially contentious basin in particular.
This work could not have been completed without a tremendous amount of help from many people - academics, policy makers, staff people, and friends. Although I cannot possibly thank them all, I would like to take this opportunity to mention a few.
My greatest debt is to Professor John Ross, recently my academic adviser and now my colleague and good friend. Throughout this lengthy and sometimes trying process, John helped guide me through university bureaucracies, kept me funded, was a helpful presence when one was needed and backed off when I had to find my own way. Mostly, though, he kept me as intellectually honest as possible, without being dogmatic or preachy. For his quiet but firm guidance, and for his friendship, I am grateful.
I also owe special thanks to Professors Jerry Kaufman, Erhard Joeres, Jean Bahr, Joe Elder, and Nancy Wilkinson, whose student I was fortunate enough to be; and to Professors Tom Naff, John Kolars, Arnon Sofer, Hillel Shuval, Steve Lonergan, and Elias Salameh, all of whom were exceedingly generous with their time although I was not, strictly speaking, their job. I owe a particular debt to Professors Ariel Dinar and Asit Biswas, both of whom went out of their way to be helpful, always had time for advice, and never considered even the most trivial question out of line.
A study of this nature would not have been possible without the assistance and openness of water policy makers throughout the US and the Middle East, Special thanks are due to Jerome Delli Priscoli, Allen Keiswetter, Fred Hof, Joyce Starr, Steve Lintner, John Hayward, and Ulrich Kuffner, in Washington; Yehoshua Schwartz, Menahem Cantor, Yossef Elkanna, Shmuel Cantor, Zeev Golani, Avner Turgeman, Reuven Pedhatzor, Irv Speiwak, and Generals Avraham Tamir, Aryeh Shalev, and Moshe Yisraeli, in Israel; Jad Isaac, Nader El-Khatib, and Hisham Zarour, in the West Bank; and Jamil Rashdan, Sweilem Haddad, Munther Haddadin, and Mohammed Maali, in Jordan.
Special thanks are due also to those in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, who first coined the concept "water-for-peace," and who were so open in sharing their experiences: Alvin Weinberg, Cal Burwell, and Senator Howard Baker. The Center for Environmental Policy Studies, the University of Wisconsin Graduate School, and the US Institute of Peace each provided funding and technical support for various stages of this project, for which, of course, I am particularly grateful. I would like specifically to mention Barbara Borns of the University of Wisconsin, and Otto Koester and Ambassador Sam Lewis of the USIP for their advice and assistance. Thanks, too, to Ofra Perlmutter of the Weizmann Archives in Rehovot, for teaching me how to say "serendipity" in Hebrew.
I am likewise indebted to the staff at the United Nations University Press for their assistance in seeing this manuscript through to its present form. Special thanks are due to Heather Russell for her meticulous editing.
I am, of course, grateful to all of the interviewees listed throughout this volume. I am particularly grateful to those interviewees who could not be named but who, through sharing their information, showed their belief that open information is a prerequisite to fruitful dialogue.
I owe a tremendous debt of gratitude to a very special couple David Shutkin and Connie Friedman - the former for allowing me to bounce even the most far-fetched ideas off him over a game of chess and a beer, and the latter for taking pen in hand to read a draft when need be.
Finally, this project would not have been possible, nor the past eight years of my life quite so enjoyable, without the constant support of my wife, Ariella. Our respective, and now collective, families were also tremendously patient and supportive. But for putting up with late-night typing sessions, the shifting piles of paper sprawled around the apartment, and a honeymoon squeezed between the second and third drafts, it is to Ariella that I dedicate this volume, with love.
A note on terminology and sources. In a region as politically volatile as the Middle East, the language one uses for subjects as seemingly innocuous as geographic locations takes on grave political implications. I have tried to steer what narrow middle road there is in usage. For example, I use West Bank, rather than Occupied Territories or Judaea and Samaria, and Sea of Galilee, rather than Lake Tiberias or Lake Kinneret. The "Green Line" refers to the armistice line that held between Israel and her neighbours between 1948 and 1967. Other place names vary between English, Hebrew, and Arabic usage.
Also, in investigating a somewhat sensitive topic, I have discovered some sources that cannot be cited and encountered some interview subjects who prefer to remain unnamed. In my research, I tried to verify every point of information with at least two, and preferably three, independent sources. In some cases, however, I am able to cite only one source, or, on rare occasions, none at all. | {
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La La La: A Story of Hope
Candlewick Press, oct.3.2017
Story by Kate DiCamillo
Conceived by Kate DiCamillo and featuring enchanting illustrations by Jaime Kim, this nearly wordless graphic story follows a little girl in search of a friend.
"La la la . . . la." A little girl stands alone and sings, but hears no response. Gathering her courage and her curiosity, she skips farther out into the world, singing away to the trees and the pond and the reeds — but no song comes back to her. Day passes into night, and the girl dares to venture into the darkness toward the light of the moon, becoming more insistent in her singing, climbing as high as she can, but still there is silence in return. Dejected, she falls asleep on the ground, only to be awakened by an amazing sound. . . . She has been heard. At last. With the simplest of narratives and the near absence of words, Kate DiCamillo conveys a lonely child's yearning for someone who understands. With a subtle palette and captivating expressiveness, Jaime Kim brings to life an endearing character and a transcendent landscape that invite readers along on an emotionally satisfying journey.
"Kim's spreads form a long, almost cinematic sequence. The girl is adorable, though the night world she moves through is dazzling rather than cute—it takes bravery and audacity to sing to that beauty."
Publishers Weekly - Starred Review
The limited palette of comforting, complementary purples and yellows along with the character's expressive body language evoke both her loneliness and determination to overcome it. For a dreamer, it's easy to imagine a singer in the benevolent face in the moon—here it's a symbol of hope.
Kim's gouache-and-acrylic artwork, graphically strong and full of heart, illuminates DiCamillo's concept.
Some books are striking because of their content. Some stand out because they are unlike anything that creator has made before...This one is a little of both.
100 Scope Notes (blog)
The text of this book is one word: La. But the story is abundantly clear.
Kim has created sumptuous images, especially several pages awash in deep, rich purples, that suggest an expansive dreamscape where anything is possible. | {
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Opportunity for Euro Junior medallists to shine
First senior title for Jakobsen
Schnaase walks away with bragging rights
After the Sweden Masters last week, the Badminton Europe circuit continues its Nordic theme this coming week with a trip to Reykjavik for the annual international series rated Iceland International.
This year's Iceland international represents a real opportunity for some of the current crop of European junior medallists from 2015 to shine on the senior stage with the doubles events offering up some real opportunities for the emerging youngsters to make their mark.
In the mixed doubles silver medallists from Poland last year Frederick Sogaard Mortensen and Sara Lundgaard (main picture) will be real medal contenders after impressing in Sweden last week. The Danes powered to a quarter final in Uppsala and were unlucky not to go further in a tournament rated a step higher than this week's event in Iceland.
Nestled on the same side of the draw as the Danes are Ben Lane and Jessica Pugh the current European junior bronze medallists. The English and Danes met in the European junior semi-final in 2015 where the Danes came out on top. A semi-final meeting is on the cards again in Reykjavik this coming week if top seeded Poles Pietryja and Wojtkowska fail to bring their top game with them to Iceland.
In the bottom half of the mixed draw the Scottish pair of Adam Hall and Eleanor O'Donnell will be ones to watch after impressing at the tail end of 2015. It is surely just a matter of time before the Scottish pair get their hands on senior medal on the circuit.
Sogaard Mortensen teams up once again with Mathias Bay-Smidt in the men's doubles and the Danish European junior bronze medallists will be a pair to watch this week coming after impressing in Sweden last week.
Ben Lane & Sean Vendy will carry the hopes of England while in the top half of the draw the Scottish/English combination of Coles and Hall and Polish top seeds Szkudlarczyk and Pietryja are on course for a semi-final showdown with the winners likely to be the favourites in the final.
The women's doubles is wide open with a handful of pairs likely to be in the mix come Sunday's finals. It is hard to look beyond the experience of Jenny Wallwork and partner Chloe Birch who travel to Iceland with little or no pressure while Danish pair Lundgaard and Van Zanne will draw a lot of positives from their quarter final in Sweden last week where lost out to eventual winners Fruergaard and Thygesen.
Experience likely to be key in the singles events
While youthful exuberance should come to the fore in all the doubles events it is likely to be the polar opposite in the singles events. Seasoned circuit professionals are most likely to have their say in both the men's and women's singles with the hunt for Olympic points being high on the agenda of all the likely protagonists.
Milan Ludik is the defending champion from 2015 and at the moment is the current Czech number one in a battle for an Olympic spot with Petr Koukal. Ludik has the worst possible opening round draw against Sri Lanka's Niluka Karunaratne with the Sri Lankan also chasing an outside Olympic spot after a turbulent politically charged 2015. Kim Bruun and Marius Myhre are also in the bottom half of the draw with Myhre looking to consolidate his Olympic participation.
Poland's Adrian Dziolko is top seed but with Pedro Martins (pictured) starting to feel the pressure as the Portuguese number 1 flirts with the outside edges of Olympic qualification the wise money might just be on Martins to come through on the top side of the draw. Lithuania's Kestutis Navickas will look to bounce back from his first round defeat to Anders Antonsen in Sweden last week but may live to rue yet another tough draw, this week against Dinuka Karunaratne.
In the women's singles Finland's Nanna Vainio will look to go one step further than her runners up spot last year. The Finn had a remarkable run to the semi-finals in Sweden last week and has a real need to defend her points from last year.
Sashina Vignes Waran makes her return to the circuit and at this late Olympic juncture really needs wins to get her qualification campaign back on track after her injury destroyed 2015. Kati Tolmoff is another living on the edge of Olympic qualification and needs to start a run of consistent results to make Rio.
One certainly to watch this week in Iceland is Denmark's Sofie Holmboe Dahl. The Gentofte player has no Olympic pressures on her shoulders and is starting to become a real force at circuit level and unfortunately for second seed Tolmoff the Dane will most likely be her second round opponent.
To see all the draws from this week Iceland International click HERE | {
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I'm ready to take on Broad Street with @AlexsLemonade's Running Lemon! Leah and I LOVE this image of the Running Lemon taking on Broad Street and we wish the best of luck to all runners from Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation's Team Lemon! Leah will be our cheer leader from cyber space and I hope to run into other Team Lemon runners and ALSF staff on Sunday. We're still raising money through our "TWINS RUN BOSTON" fundraising page and no donation is too small to fight childhood cancer! You can donate $2 or more online or text LEMONADE E1113338 to 85944 to donate $10. Thanks so much for your support!
Fighting childhood cancer, one mile at at time! | {
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Annie b.'s prints are top quality fine art giclee reproductions from the original paintings. They are printed using light fast pigmented ink on best quality German Etching paper. Each print is signed and titled. All prints have a white border ready to mount and frame and come rolled in a tube.
Postage costs are calculated on checkout, based upon the total cost of the basket. See the delivery information page for more details. Typical delivery within 10 days but if you need it in a hurry please let me know. | {
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Ocean Systems provides the market leading solutions and training for collecting, processing and managing all forms of multimedia evidence including video, still images and audio.
Omnivore 3.1 – Now with FFMPG Convert!
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Hospitalization for heart failure (HF) is frequently related to dyspnea, yet associations among dyspnea severity, outcomes, and health care costs are unknown. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients hospitalized for acute HF by dyspnea severity and to examine associations among dyspnea severity, outcomes, and costs. Registry data for patients hospitalized for HF were linked with Medicare claims to evaluate dyspnea and outcomes in patients ≥65 years of age. We classified patients by patient-reported dyspnea severity at admission. Outcomes included length of stay, mortality 30 days after admission, days alive and out of the hospital, readmission, and Medicare payments 30 days after discharge. Of 48,616 patients with acute HF and dyspnea, 4,022 (8.3%) had dyspnea with moderate activity, 19,619 (40.3%) with minimal activity, and 24,975 (51.4%) at rest. Patients with dyspnea with minimal activity or at rest had greater co-morbidities, including renal insufficiency. Greater severity of baseline dyspnea was associated with mortality (moderate activity, 6.3%; minimal activity, 7.6%; at rest, 11.6%) and HF readmission (7.2%, 9.0%, and 9.4%). After multivariate adjustment, dyspnea at rest was associated with greater 30-day mortality and HF readmission, fewer days alive and out of the hospital, longer length of stay, and higher Medicare payments compared with dyspnea with moderate activity. In conclusion, dyspnea at rest on presentation was associated with greater mortality, readmission, length of stay, and health care costs in patients hospitalized with acute HF. | {
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The effect of brand heritage on consumer-brand relationships
Francielle FrizzoI; José Carlos KoreloII; Paulo Henrique Müller PradoIII
IUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Administração, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
IIUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Administração, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
IIIUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Administração, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Heritage is a brand value proposition that provides a unique basis for building and maintaining strong relationships with consumers. Seeking to understand how this strategic resource influences the relations between consumers and brands, this study aims to examine brand heritage as a determinant of self-reinforcing elements (enticing, enabling, and enriching the self). A survey was carried out with 309 Brazilian and American consumers to test the proposed relationships. Based on a structural equation model, the results demonstrated that consumers process the characteristics related to brand heritage through the three self-reinforcing elements, but their overall effect on self-brand connection occurs only through the sensory and aesthetic pleasure that the brand offers (enticing the self). The study also presents academic and managerial implications and makes recommendations for future research.
Keywords: Consumer-brand relationships; brand heritage; self-reinforcing elements; enticing the self; self-brand connection
In a postmodern market, marked by increased dynamics, uncertainty, and massive disorientation in consumption, where consumers are exposed to a variety of brands daily, creating and maintaining strong relationships with consumers is the major challenge for strategic brand management (Oh, Prado, Korelo, & Frizzo, 2017). From this perspective, research in marketing literature and consumer behavior has emphasized that one way to achieve this goal is to associate brand-specific characteristics with consumer aspirations to reinforce their identities (Belk, 1988; Escalas & Bettman, 2003; Fournier, 1998).
Defined as a dimension of brand identity characterized by its longevity, core values, use of symbols, and history (Urde, Greyser, & Balmer, 2007), brand heritage is a key organizational resource for companies seeking to differentiate their offers in the market and wishing to gain a prominent position in the minds of consumers.
Contrasting the historical view that is focused on the past, heritage is characterized by incorporating elements of brand history into contemporary and future contexts, thereby ascribing a long-term strategic value to the brand (Hakala, Lätti, & Sandberg, 2011; Urde et al., 2007). Additionally, brands with heritage are seen as more credible and authentic by consumers, thus fostering personal identification and preference due to perceived exclusivity (Wiedmann, Hennigs, Schmidt, & Wuestefeld, 2011).
In order to understand how brand heritage influences the relations between consumers and brands, this research aims to test this construct as a determinant of the self-reinforcing elements (enticing, enabling, and enriching the self) described by Park, Eisingerich, and Park (2013). The brand attachment-aversion (AA) relationship model proposed by Park et al. (2013) describes how these elements build relationships between consumers and brands. Some brands help consumers gain aesthetic and/or sensory pleasure: they entice the self. Others allow consumers to control their environment, creating an effective and capable sense of self: enabling the self. There are also those brands that reinforce the self through the symbolic communication of values that resonate with the aspirations of consumers: they enrich the self. In this model (Park et al., 2013), to the extent that a brand has these three elements, it promotes a self-brand connection and, consequently, impacts the attitudes and behavior of consumers.
Although the brand AA model broadens the perspective of relationships in the consumer context, proposing important mechanisms that build the consumer-brand relationship, the failure to specify the role of marketing activities has been criticized (Oh et al., 2017). In particular, Schmitt (2013) emphasizes that this model does not specifically predict the determinants of the relationship, since it is psychological, about internal constructs and processes, and does not specify the brand components that stimulate self-reinforcing elements. Considering that consumers reach their goals through their brand choices, understanding the background and consequences of these three elements will provide important information for the development of strategies that foster the consumer-brand relationship (Oh et al., 2017).
This research focuses on the fashion industry because it encompasses the evaluation of the three self-reinforcing elements through the purchase of products with multiple designs and symbolic attributes. It also extends the model proposed by Park et al. (2013) integrating brand heritage as a mechanism that determines whether a brand entices, enables or enriches the self. Furthermore, this research contributes to the brand heritage literature by demonstrating the mechanisms by which consumers process the historical aspects of the brand according to their self-identity goals. Figure 1 presents the proposed conceptual model.
In practice, research of this nature is relevant because it addresses aspects of relational marketing that leave aside mass appeal and focus on the specific needs of individuals. In this way, the understanding of the new practices of brand management, and consequently consumer preferences, by companies and marketing professionals may result in a significant competitive advantage in the increasingly fierce competition for market share.
This article is structured as follows: first, the review of the literature conceptualizing the brand heritage and its effects on the consumer-brand relationship is presented along with related hypotheses. Then, the method used to collect and analyze the data is detailed and, finally, the results, implications, and limitations of the study are discussed.
THEORETICAL-EMPIRICAL FOUNDATION
Brand Heritage
The study of brand heritage as a transporter of historical values from the past to the present and future and an element that adds value in the eyes of consumers is an emerging concept that has gained increasing interest in recent years, both in marketing research and managerial practices.
Hudson's (2007) independent analysis of Interbrand's 100 leading global brands (2007) corroborates this interest by revealing that more than a quarter of all classified brands have existed since the 19th century, the oldest (Moët et Chandon) having been launched in the year 1743, evidencing the longevity of many modern brands that have survived beyond one human generation.
In marketing literature, the notion of brand heritage was introduced by Balmer, Greyser, and Urde (2006), who, by exploring the Swedish monarchy as a corporate brand, drew attention to the importance of heritage in this context. However, it was the seminal article by Urde et al. (2007) that proposed the definition of this construct: "... a dimension of a brand's identity found in its track record, longevity, core values, use of symbols, and particularly in an organizational belief that its history is important" (pp. 4-5).
In contrast to the historical view, which is mainly focused on the past, the heritage of the brand incorporates, beyond this period, the present and the future (Urde et al., 2007). Brands born and maintained over decades or even centuries build a significant past, which helps make the brand relevant to the present and, prospectively, the future (Wiedmann et al., 2011).
To Aaker (2004), heritage is one of the first sources that add value and differentiation to brands, making their identity extremely strong, especially when they are reinterpreted in a contemporary light. Moreover, heritage is an important source of authenticity and legitimacy for a brand (Beverland, 2005; Urde et al., 2007). Brands with a strong heritage become, over time, synonymous with cultural values and acquire symbolic meaning beyond their original identity, which helps to establish a sense of legitimacy and authenticity among the target audience (Kates, 2004).
By addressing what constitutes the heritage of a brand, Urde et al. (2007) point out that many brands have heritage, but not all of them make this value proposition a part of the brand's position and identity. These authors suggest five main elements that denote whether, and to what extent, heritage is present in a brand. In this sense, brands that incorporate their heritage present a track record, which proves that the brand has kept its promises over time, are always aligned with the core values to which they are associated, make use of symbols as an expression of the brand's meaning over time, and communicate that they perceive their own history as important and meaningful to their identity. Adding to these characteristics, some brands have longevity, when they belong to multigenerational family businesses.
To Banerjee (2008), the four pillars of an inherited brand are brand history, its image, the consumers' expectancy in relation to the physical and emotional benefits they receive from the brand, and equity, which comprises a set of competencies that facilitate the progression of the brand and bring an advantage over the competition.
Based on its contextualization and definition of the main elements and set of criteria, heritage is a distinct category in brand management, and its value proposition based on its equity is also a key component for the construction of brand identity (Aaker, 2004; Banerjee, 2008; Merchant & Rose, 2013; Rose, Merchant, Orth, & Horstmann, 2016; Urde et al., 2007; Wiedmann et al., 2011).
Effects of brand heritage
Heritage, especially in globalized markets, is an important organizational resource that helps to make the brand more authentic, credible, and reliable (Wiedmann et al., 2011), this being a strategic value that provides a unique basis for superior brand performance (Hakala et al., 2011). In addition, recent research has shown that heritage brands, by offering a value proposition to their target audience, positively influence overall brand assessment and consumer attitudes and behaviors (Merchant & Rose, 2013; Rose, et al., 2016; Wiedmann et al., 2011; Wuestefeld, Hennigs, Schmidt, and Wiedmann, 2012).
In their relationship model, Park et al. (2013) define the distance between the brand and the self as the place where the brand is in the consumer's mind and argue that the more the consumer perceives the benefits delivered by the brand in light of their personal goals and interests, the closer the relationship tends to be.
In this research, the term self-brand connection was adopted as a construct of the proposed relation. Like the concept of distance, the self-brand connection also represents a continuum that indicates how much the consumer feels distant and disconnected from the brand at one end, and close and connected at the other. Given this rationalization, it is expected that the connection between the consumer and the brand is greater with brands that incorporate their heritage in the construction of their identity and indicate that their fundamental values and level of performance are reliable and are maintained over time. Therefore, it is proposed that:
H1: Brands with heritage impact the self-brand connection positively.
Brands also play an important role in the construction of individuals' self (Belk, 1988; Fournier, 1998). Recent studies (Escalas & Bettman, 2003, 2005) indicate that consumers construct their self-identity and present themselves to others through their brand choices, based on the congruence between brand image and self-image.
In the AA relationship model, Park et al. (2013) suggest that individuals are motivated to approach brands to reinforce their identities, incorporating features and self-relevant characteristics of brands into the self. According to this model, the consumer feels close to a brand when it is perceived as a means of expanding the self, this being called brand attachment. At the same time, if the consumer perceives the brand as a threat to the expansion of the self, he/she feels distant from it, which we call brand aversion. This sense of AA to the brand represents opposite ends in the relationship continuum and is influenced by brand elements that reinforce the self.
These elements, as they help consumers to achieve their goals, perform different functions and have different characteristics (Park et al., 2013). The first of these, enticing the self, reinforces the self through hedonic and pleasurable benefits. According to Hirschman and Holbrook (1982), hedonic consumption refers to the characteristics of consumer behavior that relate to the multisensory, fantasy, and emotive aspects of a product experience. Thus, consumers can approach brands that evoke any combination of sensory pleasure (visual, auditory, gustatory, tactile, olfactory, thermal and/or synesthetic) or aesthetic pleasure (design of a product) (Park et al., 2013).
The second, enabling the self, acts through functional benefits. For Grewal, Mehta, and Kardes (2004), functional or utilitarian aspects are seen merely as a means to an end, derived from the functions performed by the product. Thus, a brand enables the self when it creates an effective and capable self-feeling that allows the consumer, through the performance of products and services, to perform the task reliably, thus approaching his/her desired goal (Park et al., 2013).
The last element, enriching the self, reinforces the self through symbolic benefits represented by at least three ways: representation of the ideal past, present, and future self. Specifically, brands can serve as an anchor to symbolically represent a core of the past self, providing a basis from which current selves are viewed, and future ones are framed (Park, MacInnis, & Priester, 2006). Also, they can enrich the self by symbolically representing the current "I," reflecting what one is and what one believes (Park et al., 2013).
The attachment-to-brand model expands the perspective of relationships in the context of consumption by proposing important mechanisms that build the consumer-brand relationship. However, as observed by Schmitt (2013), this model does not specifically predict the determinants of the relationship, since it is psychological, with respect to internal constructs and processes, and does not specify the components of the commercial marketing entity called the brand, that stimulate the elements that reinforce the self. For this author, the determinants of marketing of the relationship with the brand should be explored more rigorously; he suggests that consumer experience, that is, the behavioral responses evoked by brand stimuli, can be a determinant of the relationship (Schmitt, 2013).
Based on the arguments proposed by Schmitt (2013) and considering that the elements of the brand that entice, enable, and enrich the self cater to a personally relevant and meaningful self-identity of the consumers and positively impact the self-brand connection (Park et al., 2013; Oh et al., 2017), it is proposed that each of these elements will mediate the effect of brand heritage on self-brand connection. That said, the following hypotheses are proposed:
H2a: The relationship between brand heritage and the self-brand connection will be mediated by enticing the self.
H2b: The relationship between the brand heritage and the self-brand connection will be mediated by enabling the self.
H2c: The relationship between the brand heritage and the self-brand connection will be mediated by enriching the self.
Data collection and sampling
A survey was conducted in the United States and Brazil to test the proposed hypotheses. In view of the characteristics and needs of the study, the sample was non-probabilistic for convenience, composed according to the accessibility of participants in these two countries; 309 consumers (148 in the Brazilian context and 161 in the American context), including students from the University of Florida (USA) and the Business Administration department of a university in Southern Brazil, participated in the study. The respondents' ages ranged from 18 to 60 years (M = 24.61, SD = 7.46), and the sample predominantly consisted of women (61.17%).
Data were collected online and by paper questionnaire. Invitations to participate in the online survey were sent by email, which provided a direct link to a specific section of a web page. In Brazil, the students answered the paper questionnaire.
To respond to the survey, participants were asked to choose their "favorite brand" of clothing, shoes, or accessories. A total of 139 brands were cited, with the most frequent being Nike (20.39%), Zara (3.88%), Forever 21 (3.24%), All Star (2.91%) and Vans (2.27%). The other brands (134) were mentioned below 2% each. Still, respondents ranked the brand chosen in three categories: luxury (14.9%), authentic (53.7%), and fashion (31.4%).
The indicators used to measure the variables of the proposed model were based on previous studies and adjusted to the context of our research. The reliability of all constructs was analyzed using Cronbach's alpha (α).
The brand heritage variable (α= 0.778) was measured using four indicators adapted from Napoli, Dickinson, Beverland, and Farrelly (2014) (This brand reflects a sense of tradition; this brand reflects a timeless design); Bruhn, Schoenmüller, Schäfer and Heinrich (2012) (I think this brand offers continuity over time); and Urde et al. (2007) (This brand strengthens and builds on its heritage). All indicators were measured on a 7-point scale, ranging from 1 = "strongly disagree" to 7 = "strongly agree."
The items for the enticing the self (α= 0.853), enabling the self (α= 0.811) and enriching the self (α= 0.858) were adapted from Park et al. (2013) and measured on a 7-point scale, ranging from 1 = "nothing" to 7 = "much".
Finally, the indicators of the model-dependent variable, self-brand connection (α= 0.797), were also adapted from Park et al. (2013) and measured on a 7-point scale, ranging from 1 = "away" to 7 = "very close" and 1 = "disconnected" to 7 = "connected". Details of all indicators can be seen in Table 1.
Measurement model
In addition to the Cronbach alpha (α) calculation, the average variance extracted (AVE) and the composite reliability (CR) were also calculated to verify the internal consistency and discriminant and convergent validity of the proposed model. The results presented in Table 1 demonstrate that the model is consistent, even considering the value of the AVE of the brand heritage below the recommended one (0.50), but within the tolerable limits. Additionally, it is observed that the adjustment statistics of the model met the standard criteria for a structural equation model.
Two procedures were used to confirm the discriminant validity: correlation between the constructs and the square root of the AVE. Table 2 shows the results obtained, together with the descriptive statistics of the model.
After these validation steps, the structural model and the discussion of the results are presented.
Evaluation of the structural model
Table 3 presents the results of the structural model, tested based on the distributive properties of the elements of a covariance matrix. The estimated ratios, the respective standard regression coefficients (γ), and the significance associated with these values (p-value) are highlighted. The multigroup analysis showed that the model tested was the same for the two countries (Brazil and the United States). The free and fixed chi-square difference test (in which all structural coefficients and factor loads were fixed), taking into account the same parameters estimated for the two groups, was not significant. Even considering that the sample size (less than 200 cases per group) could lead to a type II error, this analysis was performed with the objective of testing the invariability of the entire model in the samples of the two countries and demonstrating that it remained stable regardless of the sample (X2 = 87.68; gl = 70, p = 0.075).
The first estimated relationship between the brand heritage and the self-brand connection was positive and significant, with γ= 0.27 (p <0.05), corroborating hypothesis H1. These results are in agreement with the studies by Merchant and Rose (2013) and Rose et al. (2016), which demonstrated that brand heritage provides positive emotions that promote brand attachment and is generated, according to Park, MacInnis, Priester, Eisengerich, and Iacabucci (2010), when consumers feel connected to a brand.
The relationship between the brand's heritage and the self-reinforcing elements was also positive and significant for the three attributes, enticing (γ= 0.48, p <0.001), enabling (γ= 0.35, p <0.001), and enriching the self (γ= 0.56, p <0.001). However, the impact of these elements on the self-brand connection was significant only for the enticing the self (γ= 0.42, p <0.001) attribute, thus corroborating only hypothesis H2a. Hypotheses H2b and H2c, which also predicted positive and significant effects of the enabling and enriching self attributes on the self-brand connection, although following the expected theorization, were not confirmed.
GENERAL DISCUSSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
The focus of this research was to develop a model for a better understanding of how aspects related to brand heritage affect consumer aspirations to reinforce their selves, thus increasing the self-brand connection. The study's findings demonstrated that brand heritage is one of the determinants of the self-reinforcing elements, and its overall effect on the self-brand connection is processed through enticing the self.
The results found in this study differ from the findings of Park et al. (2013), which demonstrated a positive and significant effect for the three elements, with greater influence of enriching the self. It is worth noting, however, that in the model proposed by these authors, self-reinforcing elements are the determinants of the distance (connection) between the brand and the self and of the prominence of the brand, which represents the AA relationship of the consumer with the brand. It is believed that this particularity may have influenced the results. The context of data collection may also have led to this differentiation. This study was conducted in the fashion industry, and respondents were asked to choose their "favorite brand" of clothing, shoes or accessories to respond to the survey. In the study by Park et al. (2013), the brands Manchester United, Apple iPhone, and a large grocery store were used in the research. Another factor to be taken into account is the age of the respondents, since the sample of this study was characterized by young respondents (mean age 24.61 years) and, as in the study by Park et al. (2013), when tested for the moderating effect of age, younger consumers were more sensitive to the advantages and benefits provided by enticing the self.
This research contributes to the theoretical construction of consumer-brand relationships by expanding the AA model proposed by Park et al. (2013). Although this model broadens the perspective of relationships in the context of consumption, proposing important mechanisms that build the consumer-brand relationship, the real components of the brand that enhance this relationship have not been tested. The empirical evidence from this study has demonstrated that the historical aspects of the brand may be one of the mechanisms that determine whether a brand entices, enables or enriches the self. Additionally, the respective contribution of each element of the self-reinforcing in the self-brand connection when stimulated by marketing mechanisms (brand heritage) has been demonstrated. Finally, this research also extends the theoretical value of brand heritage by demonstrating that consumers process aspects related to brand history through the three self-reinforcing elements, but their overall effect on the self-brand connection only occurs through the sensorial and aesthetic pleasure that the brand offers (enticing the self).
The results of this research also have implications for strategic brand management, providing a basis for the perceived value that brand heritage and self-reinforcing elements can deliver to the consumer. Thus, when applicable, managers can differentiate the positioning of their brands and trigger consumer preference by emphasizing the historical aspects of the brand through elements that entice the self. Starbucks is a successful example that combines its history and tradition in specialty coffees with a branded experience on a variety of sensorial channels, ranging from the aroma of coffee to the sound of the barista working the machine to store design.
Brands with heritage can also activate their past using aesthetic and sensory stimuli in their advertising and communication strategies, grounded by a narrative that emphasizes the brand's past or by a timeline of its historical facts. Implementing marketing actions that emphasize its founding date, such as the phrase Fondé en 1743 (Established 1743) on the labels of the Moët et Chandon champagne bottles, or since 1873 on Levi's labels, is also a way of reinforcing the historical aspects of the brand that, consequently, promote self-brand connection and impact the attitudes and behavior of consumers.
In future studies, the scope of this research may be widened, replicating it in other contexts. Also, one can test other attributes of the brand, such as brand authenticity or its specific dimensions as preceding the self-reinforcing elements. Carrying out a causal study also applies when testing the proposed model.
Evaluated through a double-blind review process.
Associate Editor: Eric Cohen
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Received: August 05, 2017
Accepted: March 08, 2018 | {
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} |
Bryony Lavery adapted this classic for the NT. The original only contains one female character; in this version however, Jim is a girl and some household staff as well as pirates were changed to women, so this production wasn't the sausage fest that can usually be expected of Treasure Island.
Patsy Ferran, who plays Jim, is one to watch. She carries the play seemingly effortless and more than holds her own against the veterans she shares the stage with. There are however two things upstaging even her: Long John Silver's remote controlled parrot and the stage setting. From building a planetarium into the Olivier to having the ship in all its several decks high glory ascending from underneath the stage – and receiving applause for its appearance – to Silver's leg (I'm sure Arthur Darvill was glad he was spared the common peg), everything was cleverly executed.
Speaking of the stage: when the Hispaniola made its way up, I thought that without Tyrone Guthrie and Tanya Moiseiwitsch and their vision of bringing thrust stages into modern times, stage settings in Stratford (Ontario) and the National Theatre would be so much more restricted. It's fascinating to see what stage designers and directors come up with every time.
This was the National Theatre's Christmas family show and it showed not just in the funniest looking spilled guts I have seen thus far, but also in little things like the discrepancy between kid-friendly sword fights and the accompanying music that would have seemed overly dramatic in other circumstances.
Watching this broadcast was a few hours well spent and just plain fun after a day at work. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Three bedroom DUPLEX-SOLITARY MAISONETTE highly finished and ready to move into. Accommodation includes a very bright and spacious (162.76sqm) living space. This home offers a comfortable layout in the form of a large living room on entrance and a good sized sitting room. One also finds a recently fitted kitchen with appliances and guest bathroom. A comfortable staircase leads to the second floor level where there are three bedrooms, a study area and second bathroom. A large laundry room is found at roof level. An ideal property for those looking for a home with a lot of natural light and spacious rooms. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Hypatopa manus is a moth in the family Blastobasidae. It is found in Costa Rica.
The length of the forewings is 4–6 mm. The forewings are pale brown intermixed with brown scales. The hindwings are translucent pale brown.
Etymology
The specific name is derived from Latin manus (meaning the hand).
References
Moths described in 2013
Hypatopa | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
(1) Grand Prize: The "Ultimate Man Cave" fulfilled as (1) LED Smart TV; (1) TV Soundbar; (1) Wireless Music System; one (1) LED Light Up Foosball Table; one (1) Tabletop/Bartop Arcade with 412 Games; $2,000.00 Wayfair gift card, terms and conditions apply; one (1) Mixology Bartender 10 Piece Bar Tool set; $1,500.00 Home Depot gift card, terms and conditions apply; (1) branded freezer and (1) year supply of DEVOUR products awarded as (104) product coupons that expire April 30, 2020. Each coupon is redeemable for any one (1) Devour Frozen Meal or Sandwich product (valued at up to $3.00). ARV: $8,369.97.
(15) First Prizes: (1) branded freezer and (1) year supply of DEVOUR products awarded as (104) product coupons that expire April 30, 2020. Each coupon is redeemable for any (1) Devour Frozen Meal or Sandwich product (valued at up to $3.00). ARV: $1,000.00.
Total ARV of Prize: $23,369.
Open to all residents of the 50 United States and the District of Columbia, who are 18 years of age or older at time of entry.
Limit: (1) Sweepstakes entry, per email address/person, per day, during the Sweepstakes Period. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Home REGION South East Asia Alibaba to take on KL traffic
Alibaba to take on KL traffic
Traffic solution: Alibaba Cloud plans to make live traffic predictions and recommendations to increase traffic efficiency in KL by crunching data gathered from video footage, traffic bureaus, public transportation systems and mapping apps
Singapore, 30 Jan 2018 – Alibaba Group will set up a traffic control system harnessing artificial intelligence for Malaysia's capital Kuala Lumpur, its first such service outside China, as the e-commerce giant pushes to grow its cloud computing business.
Alibaba Cloud, the cloud computing arm of Alibaba Group, said on Monday that it plans to make live traffic predictions and recommendations to increase traffic efficiency in Kuala Lumpur by crunching data gathered from video footage, traffic bureaus, public transportation systems and mapping apps.
It is partnering state agency Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC) and the Kuala Lumpur city council to roll out the technology, which would be localised and integrated with 500 inner city cameras by May.
The partnership comes after Alibaba founder Jack Ma and Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak launched an "e-hub" facility last year, part of an initiative aimed at removing trade barriers for smaller firms and emerging nations.
Alibaba Cloud, which set up a data centre in Malaysia last year, is considering a second one to further develop a local ecosystem, its president Simon Hu said on Monday.
He declined to elaborate on the company's total investments made and planned for in Malaysia, but said it was "no small amount" and that the investments would continue if there was demand for cloud computing technologies.
MDEC's chief executive officer Yasmin Mahmood said there was no estimate of City Brain's impact on traffic in Kuala Lumpur yet. The traffic management system in the Chinese city of Hangzhou had resulted in reports of traffic violations with up to 92 per cent accuracy, emergency vehicles reaching their destinations in half the time and an overall increase in traffic speed by 15 per cent.
Mr Najib has forged close ties with China in recent years. Last year, the Malaysian leader announced a slew of infrastructure projects, many funded by China, as he worked up momentum towards a general election that he must call by the middle of this year.
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Indonesia-Japan virtual forum calls for investment in Indonesia in the new normal
FERRETTI Group Leads the way in the Asia Pacific
Fortune Times Presents Annual Awards to REITs Companies in Asia
South East Asia stocks jump on U.S.-China trade truce
Malaysian scholar calls to refrain from panic-buying toilet paper | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Haley Reinhart takes inspiration from the past to construct 'Lo-Fi Soul'
Posted by Murjani Rawls | Apr 1, 2019 | Album Reviews, Featured, Reviews | 0 |
In an interview with Riff Magazine, Haley Reinhart spoke of the inspiration behind her newest album, Lo-Fi Soul and that it was a collision of two worlds. One world that was an entirely new album, but also embodying the spirit of her 2015 cover of Elvis Presley's "Can't Help Falling in Love" and 2017 album, What's That Sound? In music, artists are usually the product of both the artists that they grew up listening to and personal experiences.
The first three songs of this album, "Deep Water," "Oh Baby," and the title track, "Lo-Fi Soul," are indicative of the direction that Reinhart strives to take within the almost 47 minute listen. It's cohesive to a point of being a throwback to the times of doo-wop, r&b, and even jazz. This album prefers to weave in and out of genres like an old-time jukebox caught in a time machine. "Oh Baby" invokes the spirit and progressions similar to acts like The Supremes.
The title track begins a joyful, upbeat narrative of sounds from another time. Listening to the album in full, you will definitely feel like most of these sounds come straight out of your record player. Perhaps times where the oldest members of your family saw things in black and white and drive in movies were still popular and prevalent. Reinhart strives to take that and modernize it with her own touch.
"Don't Know How To Love You' sees Reinhart's voice front and center against a backdrop of a single guitar to start off. Then organs, trumpets, background vocals, and faint drums are introduced, producing a very old-school aesthetic. This and "How Dare You" exhibit more rock and roll elements.
"Strange World" plays with Reinhart's vocals within an echo that bounces off each other in a tale about getting lost within someone. Like "Deep Water," Reinhart multiplies her vocals in a layer that almost feels like utilizing another instrument or callback to the main set of vocals.
"Lay It Down," a ballad that has both piano and organ chords fill in around Reinhart as she recalls the shards of a love fallen apart displays gospel tendencies. This song as well as "Some Way, Some How," continues a theme with the ballads on the album that serve to elevate the emotion of Reinhart's subject matter. "Some Way, Some How," includes string arrangements in a plea to try to salvage a love went south.
"Honey, There's The Door," invokes themes like Casanova and figures like Bridget Bardot and Marilyn Monroe in a playful expose reminiscent of 60's pop. "Baby Doll" sounds like the most modern song on the album that can fit with the contemporary pop style of today. Within the consistent theme of the album, it may stick out as going against the grain to what Lo-Fi Soul is trying to go for.
Lo-Fi Soul is a throwback album that Reinhart is able to create to feel in a time that inspires her the most with a touch that she could make. Messages of infatuation, lost love, and not settling for less than what you deserve are all universal no matter what era of music you listen to. This album is the product of a simpler time in a world where pop draws from a more modern formula.
PreviousBoys of Fall have "Something to Say" in quirky music video
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Murjani Rawls
Journalist, Self-published author of five books, podcast host of The War Report and The Deadscreen Podcast, and photographer since 2014, Murjani "MJ" Rawls has been stretching his capabilities of his creativity and passions, Rawls has as a portfolio spanning through many mediums including music, television, movies, and more. Operating out of the New York area, Rawls has photographed over 200+ artists spanning many genres, written over 700 articles ranging displaying his passionate aspirations to keep evolving as his years in media continue.
'Pottersville' is an inexplicably enjoyable disaster of a holiday movie
REVIEW: Sam Smith begins to see the light on 'The Thrill of it All'
The Grahams got their kicks on Route 66
The KickDrums Release New Song | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
package com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Abilities.Spells;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.core.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.core.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.core.collections.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Abilities.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Areas.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Behaviors.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.CharClasses.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Commands.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Common.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Exits.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Items.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Libraries.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Locales.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.MOBS.interfaces.*;
import com.planet_ink.coffee_mud.Races.interfaces.*;
import java.util.*;
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class Spell_SummonEnemy extends Spell
{
@Override public String ID() { return "Spell_SummonEnemy"; }
private final static String localizedName = CMLib.lang().L("Summon Enemy");
@Override public String name() { return localizedName; }
private final static String localizedStaticDisplay = CMLib.lang().L("(Enemy Summoning)");
@Override public String displayText() { return localizedStaticDisplay; }
@Override protected int canTargetCode(){return 0;}
@Override public int classificationCode(){return Ability.ACODE_SPELL|Ability.DOMAIN_CONJURATION;}
@Override public long flags(){return Ability.FLAG_TRANSPORTING|Ability.FLAG_SUMMONING;}
@Override protected int overrideMana(){return Ability.COST_PCT+50;}
@Override public int enchantQuality(){return Ability.QUALITY_INDIFFERENT;}
@Override public int abstractQuality(){ return Ability.QUALITY_INDIFFERENT;}
@Override
public void unInvoke()
{
final MOB mob=(MOB)affected;
super.unInvoke();
if((canBeUninvoked())&&(mob!=null))
{
if(mob.amDead())
mob.setLocation(null);
mob.destroy();
}
}
@Override
public void executeMsg(final Environmental myHost, final CMMsg msg)
{
super.executeMsg(myHost,msg);
if((affected!=null)
&&(affected instanceof MOB)
&&(msg.amISource((MOB)affected)||msg.amISource(((MOB)affected).amFollowing())||(msg.source()==invoker()))
&&(msg.sourceMinor()==CMMsg.TYP_QUIT))
{
unInvoke();
if(msg.source().playerStats()!=null)
msg.source().playerStats().setLastUpdated(0);
}
}
@Override
public boolean invoke(MOB mob, Vector commands, Physical givenTarget, boolean auto, int asLevel)
{
if(!super.invoke(mob,commands,givenTarget,auto,asLevel))
return false;
final boolean success=proficiencyCheck(mob,0,auto);
if(success)
{
invoker=mob;
final CMMsg msg=CMClass.getMsg(mob,null,this,verbalCastCode(mob,null,auto),auto?"":L("^S<S-NAME> conjur(s) the dark shadow of a living creature...^?"));
if(mob.location().okMessage(mob,msg))
{
mob.location().send(mob,msg);
final MOB target = determineMonster(mob, mob.phyStats().level());
if(target!=null)
{
final CMMsg msg2=CMClass.getMsg(mob,target,this,verbalCastCode(mob,null,auto)|CMMsg.MASK_MALICIOUS,null);
if(mob.location().okMessage(mob, msg2))
{
mob.location().send(mob, msg2);
beneficialAffect(mob,target,asLevel,0);
target.setVictim(mob);
}
else
CMLib.tracking().wanderAway(target, false, true);
}
else
mob.tell(L("Your equal could not be summoned."));
}
}
else
return beneficialWordsFizzle(mob,null,L("<S-NAME> conjur(s), but nothing happens."));
// return whether it worked
return success;
}
public MOB determineMonster(MOB caster, int level)
{
if(caster==null)
return null;
if(caster.location()==null)
return null;
if(caster.location().getArea()==null)
return null;
MOB monster=null;
int tries=10000;
while((monster==null)&&((--tries)>0))
{
final Room room=CMLib.map().getRandomRoom();
if((room!=null)&&CMLib.flags().canAccess(caster,room)&&(room.numInhabitants()>0))
{
final MOB mob=room.fetchRandomInhabitant();
if((mob!=null)
&&(!(mob instanceof Deity))
&&(mob.phyStats().level()>=level-(CMProps.getIntVar(CMProps.Int.EXPRATE)/2))
&&(mob.phyStats().level()<=(level+(CMProps.getIntVar(CMProps.Int.EXPRATE)/2)))
&&(mob.charStats()!=null)
&&(mob.charStats().getMyRace()!=null)
&&(CMProps.isTheme(mob.charStats().getMyRace().availabilityCode()))
&&((CMLib.flags().isGood(caster)&&CMLib.flags().isEvil(mob))
|| (CMLib.flags().isNeutral(mob))
|| (CMLib.flags().isEvil(caster)&&CMLib.flags().isGood(mob)))
&&(caster.mayIFight(mob))
)
monster=mob;
}
}
if(monster==null)
return null;
monster=(MOB)monster.copyOf();
monster.basePhyStats().setRejuv(PhyStats.NO_REJUV);
monster.recoverCharStats();
monster.recoverPhyStats();
monster.recoverMaxState();
monster.resetToMaxState();
monster.text();
monster.bringToLife(caster.location(),true);
CMLib.beanCounter().clearZeroMoney(monster,null);
monster.location().showOthers(monster,null,CMMsg.MSG_OK_ACTION,L("<S-NAME> appears!"));
caster.location().recoverRoomStats();
monster.setStartRoom(null);
return(monster);
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
IN A bid to ensure the successful staging of the annual Cordillera Administrative Region Athletic Association (Caraa) sports meet, host province Apayao and the Department of Education (DepEd) signed a memorandum of agreement (MOA).
Slated February 27 to March 5, the weeklong meet will feature 23 sports including three new events, aero gymnastics, pencak silat, and dance sports with bulk of the games to be played at the Apayao Ecotourism and Sports Complex in Luna town.
Present during the MOA signing are Governor Elias Bulut Jr., DepEd-CAR assistant director Bettina Daytec Aquino, Apayao deputy provincial director for administration Superintendent Jefferson Cariaga, Apayao schools division superintendent Ronald Castillo and DepEd regional sports coordinator Georaloy Palao-ay.
"We are sealing this partnership with our host LGUs to ensure mutual cooperation and achieve a successful staging of Caraa," said Daytec - Aquino.
Bulut meanwhile welcomed the partnership anew as it hosts the largest sports meet in the region for the second time.
"We want to showcase our improved sports complex and playing venues and at the same time promote our tourist spots to all visitors who will be watching Caraa," said Bulut.
Apayao's preparation of the annual sports meet is now in full swing with the installation of its rubberized track oval at the Apayao Ecotourism and Sports Complex located in Payanan, in Luna town.
Vincent Talattag, Apayao provincial administrator said P60 million was earmarked for the installation of the tartan tracks and the improvement of the different playing venues.
Bulut meanwhile stressed the province remain peaceful but security for at least 6,000 participants are now in place.
Cariaga added he remains confident of the security measures will be enough with the deployment of the force multipliers.
"For the peace and order situation in Apayao, we all know that the province holds the lowest crime volume in the Cordillera. In preparation for Caraa, we already conducted capability building activities for our PNP and other security personnel," said Cariaga.
The police officer assured all playing venues, and billeting areas will have enough security and confident the holding of Caraa in the province will be peaceful and manage properly. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Intelligent digital ballasts with cooling fins to dissipate heat from the components for cool operation. Developed with efficiency and safety in mind, this range of Maxibright DigiLights® incorporate all of our in-built software including end of lamp life detection for the most technologically advanced ballast on the market. Maxibright DigiLights® are available in 150W, 250W, 400W and 600W options. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
How long does Focalin last?
How really does it differ from Riltilin in side-effects?
Re: How long does Focalin last?
Hi there 1980 monroe- i think that one lasts 1botu 3 to 4 hours. People liek it because it's an isolated isomer of Ritalin, hence alot less anxiety and mood swings, give it a shot and tell us what you think!
> How really does it differ from Riltilin in side-effects? | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
If class has started and it begins raining, but there is no lightning, we will wait it out. The players will do some light conditioning in the meantime and the first drill will be explained.
If there is heavy rain or lightning and more than half the class is finished, the class will be cancelled and NTC will send a text/email* notification.
If heavy rain before or at the start of class or there is lightning and there is court time available indoors, the class will move inside and NTC will send a text/email * notification.
If dropping off your child, be sure to leave written permission if you want your child to be transported with someone else – another student or another parent. In the situation of a class canceled or moved indoors because of weather, if your child does not have transportation they are required to be picked up within 15 minutes of the notification being sent.
* A text or email will be sent to you from NTC through Signup Genius whenever there is weather affecting the camp. Signup Genius allows the option of users receiving either a text or an email. If you prefer a text instead of an email, you may opt in for text through Signup Genius. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Blepisanis argenteosuturalis is een keversoort uit de familie van de boktorren (Cerambycidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1955 door Breuning.
argenteosuturalis | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
Call Us Today918-258-8888 ☰ Menu
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Brown Chism & Thompson PLLC
Brown, Chism & Thompson is a full service CPA firm and serves clients across Northeast Oklahoma.
Our staff includes several CPAs and brings a tremendous amount of professional accounting and tax experience to benefit our clients. Our firm provides outstanding service to our clients because of our dedication to the three underlying principles of professionalism, responsiveness and quality.
Our firm is one of the leading firms in the area. By combining our expertise, experience and the energy of our staff, each client receives close personal and professional attention. Our high standards, service and specialized staff spell the difference between our outstanding performance, and other firms. We make sure that every client is served by the expertise of our whole firm.
Our firm is responsive. Companies who choose us rely on competent advice and fast, accurate personnel. We provide total financial services to individuals, large and small businesses and other agencies. Through hard work, we have earned the respect of the business and financial communities. This respect illustrates our diverse talents, dedication and ability to respond quickly.
An accounting firm is known for the quality of its services. Our firm's reputation reflects the high standards we demand of ourselves. Our primary goal as a trusted adviser is to be available to provide insightful advice to enable our clients to make informed financial decisions. We do not accept anything less from ourselves and that is what we deliver to you. Our high service quality and "raving fan" clients are the result of our commitment to excellence. We will answer all of your questions, as they impact both your tax and financial situations. We welcome you to contact us anytime.
Jeff Chism – CPA
Jeff began public accounting in 2002 after spending years in the banking industry. He's the managing partner of Brown Chism & Thompson and has been a CPA since 1982.
The son of a minister, Jeff moved to the Tulsa area at age 7 and attended Berryhill High School. He earned two degrees from the University of Tulsa – BS in Accounting and an MBA.
After college, Jeff joined a local bank as a controller. From there he held chief financial officer and controller positions for companies in the banking, manufacturing and construction industries in both the public company and private sector.
Jeff works with clients to solve their, often complex, tax and accounting needs. He serves clients in several business sectors – banking, construction, real estate, manufacturing, service, and quick service restaurants.
Jeff says his unique background gives him "a broader perspective on finance in general." He serves as Treasurer for two Broken Arrow organizations – Friends of Broken Arrow and ArtsOK.
Gretchen Thompson – CPA
Gretchen has over thirty years of experience in accounting, both public and private. She is a CPA and specializes in small business accounting with a focus on the Bixby community and the surrounding area. She describes herself as "community oriented" and particularly enjoys working with small, family owned businesses because it allows her to form lasting relationships with clients.
Gretchen graduated from University of Tulsa with her BS in Accounting in 1983, then gained valuable experience in both private and public accounting. For seven years, she and her husband owned their own business, which helps her relate to and give guidance to clients who own their own businesses.
Gretchen has always held goals of working with the community. She describes community involvement as "her focus since I started." She's worked extensively with the Bixby Rotary Club since 2007, and has served as President. She's also the former Treasurer of the Bixby Outreach Center and member of the Bixby Chamber.
Jim Gaynor – CPA
Jim started his accounting career in 1970 with Metropolitan Life Insurance Company as a traveling auditor covering the tristate area of New Jersey, New York and Connecticut. Jim graduated from Rutgers University with a BS degree in Accounting. He has been a CPA since 1982.
In 1979 Jim and his family moved to Broken Arrow from New Jersey. He worked for two local CPA firms prior to starting his own firm in 1987. He successfully grew the practice each year by surrounding himself with excellent employees, especially Mary McEhenney and Danna Segura, who still work with us. In 2016 Jim decided it was time for him to start slowing down, so he approached Jeff and Gretchen about merging his practice with Brown, Chism & Thompson. The merger was completed in December of 2016.
In addition to providing tax preparation, tax consulting, small business and not for profit clients, Jim specializes in audits and reviews of home owner associations, not for profit organizations and construction companies in need of bonding.
Jim served in the US Army and is a Vietnam veteran. He is currently serving his 23rd year as a member of the finance council of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tulsa.
Rachael Braggs – CPA
Rachael joined our team in 2015 as a Staff Accountant. She has been a CPA since 2015 and specializes in performing compilations, reviews, and audits in addition to providing tax preparation for both our individual, small business and not-for profit clients.
She graduated from Booker T. Washington High School in 2002 and graduated from Northeastern State University twice. In 2005, she earned a BA in Psychology. After taking a career assessment through Tulsa Community College, it pointed her towards a career path in accounting. She learned that accounting was her passion. In 2009, she earned a BS in Accounting while working one full time and one part time job.
After obtaining her Accounting degree, she was given additional accounting tasks at her job as an administrative assistant. In 2011, she went to work in public accounting at one of the big four firms in Tulsa as an auditor. She gained valuable experience working in a team environment auditing financial statements for SEC 500 companies, employee benefit plans, and not-for profit companies. Desiring to be closer to her family and experience working in the tax field, she found her new home with Brown Chism & Thompson.
Rachael is active in her community serving on the board for Tulsa Mother's of Multiples and plans to serve as Treasurer in the upcoming fiscal year.
Nick Wilkerson – CPA
Nick joined our firm in 2017. He graduated with a BS in accounting from the University of Central Oklahoma in 2011 and began his public accounting career in early 2012 at a small firm in Edmond. While working at the firm, he gained experience in financial statement compilations, tax planning and preparation for individuals and businesses, payroll preparation, and assistance in audit and attest engagements. He earned the CPA designation in 2015 and continued to gain experience in the profession.
In 2017, he decided to move from the Oklahoma City area to the Tulsa area in order to be closer to his family who reside in Missouri. In his spare time, Nick enjoys visiting his friends and family, sporting events, the outdoors, exercising, and cooking.
Caroline-Kingori – CPA
Caroline graduated with a BCOM in accounting from Daystar University in 2008 and further pursued an MBA with a Finance concentration at Oral Roberts University, where she graduated in 2015. Caroline's public accounting career began in 2013 at one of the big four firms in Tulsa as an auditor where she specialized in the audits of companies in the oil & gas and healthcare industries. She has been a CPA since 2015 and continues to gain experience in compilations, reviews, audits and tax preparation for both individual and businesses.
In her spare time, Caroline enjoys being with her family, running, travelling, dancing and actively participating in church activities.
2720 N. Hemlock Court,
Broken Arrow, OK 74012 Get Directions
918-258-8888 [email protected]
CPA Firms In Tulsa OK | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Royals vs. Tigers Rebuilds
They've shared the bottom of the division since 2018, but both took big steps in 2021
3 Comment13 Share
The Detroit Tigers were the class of the AL Central from 2011 to 2014 winning the division every year before the Royals broke that streak in 2015. That year, the Tigers went 74-87 before bouncing back in 2016 with a winning season and then had a sub-.400 winning percentage for the next four seasons. But 2021 saw them hiring AJ Hinch and making big strides in the standings, finishing at 77-85, which is even more impressive when you look at the fact that they started 9-24, so they finished 68-61. That's a big stretch of good.
The Royals finished just three games behind the Tigers, but got there in a pretty different way with a strong start, solid finish but trouble in the middle. The two teams are being built similarly. The Tigers rebuild featured some young pitching, including two college arm draft picks in 2018. The Royals rebuild features some young pitching, including at least five college arm picks who debuted between 2020 and 2021. The Tigers offense was a bit of an issue for them, so in 2019, they used their first six picks on bats. In 2020, they used all six of their picks on bats.
Now they've got a good chunk of their pitching in the big leagues with some of their top 2021 picks filling out their top-10 prospect list, but they've also got guys like Spencer Torkelson, Riley Greene and Dillon Dingler knocking on the door of the big leagues. If that sounds familiar, it probably should. The Royals have a good chunk of their top pitching in the big leagues with a few others hanging around the top 10-15 prospects and they have guys like Bobby Witt Jr., Nick Pratto and MJ Melendez knocking on the door at the big league level.
It feels like the Tigers are a touch ahead in their rebuild, I think, because from the outside looking in, their pitching seems to have taken a step that the Royals pitching hasn't yet. Casey Mize posted a 3.71 ERA in 2021 and did so with pretty remarkable consistency for a young pitcher. I think it's fair to say he has some questions with a lower strikeout rate than you want, but that's a great start. Tarik Skubal has the strikeouts, but gives up too many home runs. Still, he posted a 4.34 ERA in 2021. Even Tyler Alexander, who is unheralded put up solid numbers as a starter.
For the Royals, they just didn't find that success. Instead of Brady Singer taking a step like Mize, he took a step back. Kris Bubic had moments of looking like a middle-of-the-rotation starter and then moments where he didn't look like a big leaguer. We know how badly Jackson Kowar and Daniel Lynch struggled at times. Outside of some promising notes from guys like Jon Heasley and Angel Zerpa in a very small sample, the only real huge positive from a young arm came from Carlos Hernandez.
It sort of makes sense that the Tigers are a bit ahead of the Royals in their rebuild given that they started dealing off parts all the way back in 2015 and hit the reset button in a big way in 2017, which is a year before the Royals did. Well, maybe more like a few months. They traded J.D. Martinez, Justin Wilson and Alex Avila in July and then Justin Upton and Justin Verlander in August. They didn't get a ton back, but they did get Jeimer Candelario, who is someone I wanted in the Wade Davis deal and they also picked up Daz Cameron and Jake Rogers. So it's a modest head start, but a head start nonetheless.
And now the Tigers have both declared that they are going to spend some money this winter and already backed it up. When they signed Eduardo Rodriguez to a five-year deal for $77 million, they showed that they were serious about taking that next step. They've been rumored to be in on Carlos Correa as well, but regardless of if they can sign him or not, they definitely need another bat to add to their lineup. With just two years left on the Miguel Cabrera deal, they can likely absorb a monster contract, especially if backloaded. So they're going to get better.
The Ilitch family hasn't been shy about writing checks, and while people were maybe a bit unsure about how much that would continue with Chris in charge after Mike's death a few years ago, it seems like that's not something Tigers fans need to worry about. So the Tigers were always likely to spend more than the Royals, but are they actually a full year ahead in the rebuild where they're ready to add finishing touch pieces?
In mid-season re-rankings, the Tigers farm system ranked sixth on Baseball America and seventh on MLB Pipeline. The Royals were third and fifth respectively. I'd say that's pretty on par. The Royals have graduated Lynch from that list, so they may fall just a bit, but they both still have some pretty impressive prospects and farm systems.
Let's just take a look at a side-by-side comparison of some of the numbers. I'm looking at big league and some minor league team numbers.
That's actually remarkably close. The Royals big league pitching staff wasn't as good, but might have been better using the underlying metrics. The Tigers offense was better, though neither was good. But again, both have some big prospects knocking on the door. Then in the minors, they were both essentially equal at the top two levels and while the Royals had the much better high-A team last year, the Tigers were better while still bad at low-A.
The two teams were both among the six youngest pitching staffs in baseball in 2021, though the Royals had the third oldest bats compared to the 12th youngest for the Tigers. Though I'm not sure how much that really matters considering what's about to come for both teams on the offensive side of the ball.
When it comes down to it, I think both teams are in a pretty similar spot with their rebuild. They both have gobs of young pitching that needs to come through, at least a few of them. They both have monster hitting prospects with a couple at premium defensive spots and one on the easier end of the defensive spectrum. It might boil down to how they're managed, which is where I see the Tigers with the edge for now. AJ Hinch has proven to be a very good manager and while Mike Matheny has shown more analytic leanings since becoming the Royals manager, I'd still give Hinch the edge moving forward.
But maybe more importantly, the Tigers have adopted a lot of forward-thinking pitching philosophies with Chris Fetter in charge at the big league level. The changes they've seen from him have been impressive. I think you all know my thoughts on Cal Eldred in charge of the Royals pitching. They took some steps forward in the second half, and that likely saved his job, but until I see more than a couple months of progress, I'm going to have plenty of doubts.
Ultimately the battle will take place on the field where we can actually find out who is ahead with a chance to get back to the postseason first. My money is on the Tigers because they seem to be taking the approach of not waiting to find out which prospects hit and which don't, but that's working under my assumption that my prediction of them signing Correa is correct and they put him in a lineup that improved quite a bit throughout the 2021 season with guys like Akil Baddoo, Jonathan Schoop and Candelario providing positive offensive value.
Still, I'm not so sure the Tigers are in that different of a place in their rebuild as much as they're taking a more aggressive approach to expediting their return to contention process. Both teams are working their way back to contention in a division that figures to be among the most competitive in baseball with a White Sox team already very good, a Guardians team that always competes and a Twins team that fell on hard times in 2021, but won 100 games in 2019 and the division in 2020 with a .600 winning percentage. It'll be fun to see how that all shakes out in the next few seasons.
40-Man Moves Coming
The deadline to add players to the 40-man to protect them from the Rule 5 draft is tomorrow. Any given day, I can make an argument for a different combination to be protected, but we know for certain that both Melendez and Pratto will be added before the deadline. Given their performances in the Arizona Fall League, Nathan Eaton and Seuly Matias are candidates as well, but I don't think the former will be added while the latter is a pretty decent possibility. Other names to watch for are Dairon Blanco, Jonathan Bowlan, Austin Cox, Josh Dye, Maikel Garcia, Zach Haake, Brewer Hicklen and Zach Willeman. I might be missing someone, but the point here is that the Royals 40-man roster is currently at 36 and they're likely to protect at least four of these players (and probably more) and they'll want to keep some spots available.
So that means some non-tenders are coming. It's not like the options aren't aplenty for them. On the pitching side, I wonder what the plan is with Richard Lovelady. He finally emerged in 2021 as a good reliever in the big leagues, but is now out for all of 2022. I would guess they'll keep him, but I don't think it's a guarantee. Joel Payamps was solid, but also is the kind of guy you're fine with and are always looking for better. Gabe Speier looked good in the big leagues, but it was a small sample and gave up a ton of hits. Kyle Zimmer struggled after they started checking for sticky stuff and Tyler Zuber just struggled. Any or all could go.
Offensively, with the addition of Melendez to the 40-man, you might see the Royals jettison either Cam Gallagher or Sebastian Rivero, though that would likely be a small trade rather than a non-tender. Lucius Fox is a very easy drop as is Ryan O'Hearn, but we know about this team and O'Hearn. Emmanuel Rivera could find himself on the wrong end of a roster crunch too, but I think there's enough dead weight elsewhere that he should be safe. Whatever direction they go, the next day or so should be pretty interesting. It should be noted that the non-tender deadline isn't until December 1, so even if guys you want gone are still on the roster, it doesn't mean they will be in a couple weeks.
New Uniforms?
The Royals sent out a purposely cryptic tweet yesterday about unveiling new threads tomorrow.
Kansas City Nice Trys @Royals
New threads. 11.19.21.
It sure looks like they're bringing back the all powder blues. Look at that piping on the sleeve and then the way that Whit Merrifield is holding the bat in the Bo Jackson pose. I do love that the social media team hid a bit of an Easter egg as well so when you zoom in if you try, the words "Nice try" appear in the center of the jersey. That's fun. When the team brought the powder blue jerseys back in 2008, it was great…for like a minute. But they just kind of look odd with white pants. I don't know. I still like them and they make for a great shirsey, but it just felt incomplete, so hopefully they're bringing back the whole set like other teams have done in recent seasons.
I mentioned this on Twitter, but I also would love to see them do some sort of Monarchs theme. They should have done this a long time ago, but we can't change the past and what better season than 2022 to do it? Why 2022? Because Buck O'Neil wore number 22. It would be a great homage to him and they could really put together some sharp uniforms. My personal favorite are the navy blue pinstripes like Brian Utt tweeted to me here.
Brian Utt @UttBrian
@DBLesky Agreed. I never understood why they haven't played that history. I always love when they play a throwback NL uni game.
Do this and there's even minimal color changing needed. Just a thought, Royals. I won't even ask for any reward for this idea.
3 Comment13 ShareShare
Terry P
Mr. Lesky, thx for your usual spot-on analysis. I'm really excited about the Royals return to competitiveness in the division, which should make for some thrills and drama next season. Do we really have to put up with Miggy Cabrera for two more years? Also, please promise me that the Ryan O'Hearn experiment will be abandoned once and forever.
Steve Yeakel
In retrospect (for the good reason that we had some minor league breakouts that we could/should not have counted on), we made the (only in retrospect) mistake last year of spending too soon (though not for top guys) into a mistaken thought of ready to compete for the playoffs, so are now saddled with 2 (in retrospect) bad contracts we wish we did not have, with Carlos and Dozier (though Dozier may still be able to be a barely above average useful backup at several positions, though not nearly worth his contract). Even if the Tigers do it now (mistakenly or not), spending big, I hope that the Royals do not do it yet. I hope that we are patient (and I think that JJ's promotion allows that) in 2022 to not sign any big contracts (maybe a reliever or 2 or 3 that we can trade when needed), but, otherwise, to find out what we have internally, which are the best ones, and to get them settled at the major league level. We have so many young starters, that the "losers" for starting spots can be relievers (and other teams have shown like, initially with Keller, this can be a very smart way to bring guys up). I dread to have to guess that, for example, Singer or Lynch or Kowar may not be one of our top 5, so we trade him for a CF and later find out we traded away a top starter. Stay the course. Thousand points of light. I believe that we are sitting on a gold mine, and do not want to get over anxious or fleeced into trading any key parts away. | {
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ProTouch offers San Diego pool equipment repairs including residential and commercial inground hot tub and swimming pool light repair. Pool and hot tub lights help make your backyard a retreat. They also offer color changing functionality and safety for nighttime use. Having functional pool and spa lights is especially important with commercial facilities. For example hotels and community pools are required by the health department to have properly working lights. Most swimming pools, spas and hot tubs have a light or lights which will eventually fail. That's where we come in!
Our friendly team of swimming pool specialists is always ready to help with even the most challenging pool light repair. We have extensive experience working on pool lights. This helps us quickly identify issues and make the right pool light repair the first time. We care about our customers' best interest and always recommend repairs that are actually needed.
Swimming pool light repair isn't the easiest or safest type of equipment repair work to perform. Electricity and water are a very dangerous combination. It's best to hire experienced professionals who have specific knowledge about these risky electrical repairs. Even simple repairs such as a light bulb replacement involves a general knowledge of electricity and mechanical understanding. In most cases, we recommend that pool light troubleshooting and repairs are performed by a professional.
We often find that when pool owners attempt their own pool light repair, they do not reassemble the light properly. This allows moisture to leak into the light housing and creates the need for additional pool light repairs. In some cases, the damage to the light fixture is so great that the entire fixture needs to be replaced.
The most common type of pool light repair involves a simple light bulb and light gasket replacement. If the light bulb is replaced quickly, more extensive damage can often be prevented to the light fixture. This reduces the chances of needing further pool light repairs. Our typical pool light repair takes 1 to 1.5 hours to complete. It depends on what area of the pool the light is located and if we need to enter the water to remove the light fixture.
Another common problem is a failing lens gasket. A leak through the watertight front rubber gasket between the lens and the fixture can cause the light to short out. After long periods of moisture exposure, the pool light fixture can become corroded and cause the light to fail permanently. A new pool light will then need to be installed.
Pool and hot tub lights can encounter moisture leaks from the back or bottom of the fixture, where the cord is attached. The attachment deteriorates and allows water to penetrate into the internal wiring. This can cause complete light fixture failure. In this case, the entire light fixture needs to be removed and replaced with a new light fixture. We offer a variety of options for new pool light fixtures and install all makes and models of fixtures including LED and color lights.
When repairing your pool light, we'll need to remove the entire light fixture from your swimming pool or spa and set in on the pool deck. We then remove all parts and clean and dry everything so that we can determine the overall condition of the light and fixture. Once we find the cause of the problem, we'll perform the pool light repair. Next we reassemble the fixture and place it back into the light niche. To finish, we test the light for proper operation to ensure the job was completed successfully. We always make sure that pool owners get the right lighting product for their swimming pool or spa.
Pool and spa lights all vary in price, depending on the type (incandescent, fluorescent, halogen or LED) and cord length of the pool light. LED lighting can reduce the need for a pool light repair. The high energy efficiency and cool running temperature prevents overheating in the fixture. Both white and color LED pool lights are energy efficient, cost-effective and beautiful. Upgrading to LED lights gives your San Diego pool and spa the option for different light colors and creates a highly enjoyable swimming experience.
Contact Us to Fix Your Broken Pool or Spa Light, Today!
ProTouch also offers a number of pool services in San Diego. Our weekly pool service and hot tub maintenance services allows us to keep an eye out for any potential problems. | {
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Q: Hide logs from Xcode 9? When using the Xcode 9 and run application on simulator following logs appear
[BoringSSL] Function boringssl_context_get_peer_sct_list: line 1754 received sct extension length is less than sct data length
TIC Read Status [1:0x0]: 1:57
A: Have you set the scheme's OS_ACTIVITY_MODE to 'Disable'?
See answer here
| {
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What is the licence of this library?
Posted: Fri Sep 05, 2008 10:09 am Post subject: What is the licence of this library?
Right now I am interested in sqlite bindings. As I understand it also uses some code from other projects. What is about theirs licence? | {
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Find more locals than foreigners in Asakusa and Ueno, a taste of traditional Tokyo with a tinge of tourism. As the gracefully-worn area ages along with its residents, new shopping centers slip between street side parks and slowly replace peeling buildings. In Asakusa and Ueno, some things remain irreplaceable—Tokyo's oldest temple, Senso-Ji, stands as a testament to the past and a tourist attraction in the present. | {
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Fid Thompson
Solar Sister
Fid Thompson is a writer, researcher, communications specialist and visual artist. She has lived on the African continent for a decade, working in human rights, gender, sexuality, public health and community development.
Fid reported for Reuters in Sierra Leone and Voice of America across West Africa, and wrote Human Rights Watch's first report on Gambia. She speaks French, Swahili and Krio and has a Masters in Fine Arts from University of Iowa's Writers Workshop.
Articles by Fid Thompson
Alicia Oberholzer / Fid Thompson
The Planetary Potential of Banishing Kerosene Lighting – And How Entrepreneurship Can Help
Kerosene lamps are still used by hundreds of millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa. They contribute to climate change by releasing not only CO2 but also black carbon, an especially potent greenhouse gas. What's more, they exact a grim human toll, from burns and fires to toxic smoke and poisoning hazards. Alicia Oberholzer and Fid Thompson at Solar Sister call for an end to kerosene lighting, and highlight how women's entrepreneurship can make it happen.
Energy, Entrepreneurship
business development, clean energy, climate change, energy access, entrepreneurship, Off Grid Energy, SDGs, social enterprise, social entrepreneurship, solar energy, Women | {
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Founded at the beginning of 16th century, it has become one of the most beautiful and richest religious houses in Russia. The first cathedral on the grounds of Novodevichy convent was built using money commissioned from Grand Duke of Moscow, Vasiliy III (Basil Third).
The winter scene of Levaya Naberezhnaya (Left Embankment) street in the old district of Perslavl, a town located near the mouth of the Trubezh River where the river flows into the huge Plescheevo lake. The birch trees on the street match with the winter colors. | {
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Nidhiya Menon is an Associate Professor of Economics at Brandeis University. Her primary research interests are development economics, applied microeconomics, and labor. She has been a researcher at the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh and a consultant with the World Bank and the United Nations Foundation. She holds a Ph.D. in Economics from Brown University.
She joined IZA as a Research Fellow in May 2010. | {
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Dog socks might seem a little silly; after all, dogs are animals, and animals don't need shoes, right? In reality, socks for dogs are actually quite useful. They keep those adorable little (or big) paws warm when the weather gets cold, they shield them from hot surfaces, and they can even protect them from snow, ice, and other surfaces that could potentially injury your furry friend's feet. If your dog has reached his golden years and he's having difficulty maintaining his balance, or your pooch is suffering from joint issues, non-slip dog socks can help your canine companion keep his footing.
The benefits of socks for dogs are similar to the benefits of dog boots; however, there are a few differences. Socks are thinner, so they tend to be more comfortable, which means they can be worn extended periods of time. And, because they're thinner, they're easier to get on, making them ideal for dogs that tend to argue about wearing boots.
Given the benefits of dog socks, they're definitely worth the investment. But, like so many products for dogs, there are so many different options available, which can make it hard to choose the best option. To help you on your quest for finding the best socks for dogs, we've done some pretty extensive research and have compiled a list of what we believe to be the top five dog socks.
Which one should you choose? Read through the detailed reviews to learn more about the features and benefits of each option. Once you decide which pair you would like to purchase, click on the yellow link to find the best prices currently available on Chewy.com.
First up on our list of the best dog socks is an option that comes from Pup Crew. This manufacturer specializes in making high performance gear for dogs, including dog collars, dog harnesses, leashes for dogs that pull, dog sweaters, and dog raincoats. Their Non-Skid Gray Cable Knit Dog Socks are made of high-quality materials to ensure durability, yet they are lightweight, so they won't burden your pup's feet.
Featuring a cable knit design in a neutral gray color, these dog socks are trendy and stylish. They're made of 100 percent cotton, so they're super soft and warm, yet breathable, so there's no need to worry about your pet overheating. The bottoms feature a non-skid material, so they'll not only keep your pup's feet roasty and toasty on those chilly days, but they'll also help him keep his grip on tile, hardwood floors, and other slippery surfaces. These socks are available in two sizes: the x-small/ small is ideal for smaller dogs, like Shih Tzus, Pugs, West Highland White terriers, and Poodles, while the medium/large size will fit larger breeds, such as German Shepherds, Labrador retrievers, Boxers, and German Shorthaired Pointers (do make sure you measure your pup's feet and follow the sizing guide before ordering to ensure a proper fit).
Final Verdict: Overall, we are very pleased with the Pup Crew non-Skid Gray Cable Knit Dog Socks. They're attractive, well-made, comfortable, and non-skid; plus, they'll make your pooch look even more adorable than he already is.
Next up on our list of the best socks for dogs is the Doggie Design Camouflage Print Non-Skid Dog Socks. Doggie Designs makes an extensive line of apparel for dogs, including sweaters, harnesses, cooling vests for dogs, coats, bath robes, shirts, dresses, and even bow ties; whether you're looking for Christmas presents for dogs or you just want your pooch to wear his best all the time, Doggie Designs products definitely won't disappoint.
Their Camouflage Print Non-Skid Dog Socks are made of 100 percent cotton, so they're soft, warm, breathable, and durable. They camouflage design is super adorable! These socks are more than just cute; they're functional, too. They feature a non-skid bottom, so they will help your pooch keep his footing on slippery surfaces; plus, they'll help to protect your floors from claw marks. These socks are available in four sizes, including x-small, small, medium, large, and x-large, so you should be able to find an option that will fit your pup, no matter what size he may be. They're machine washable, too, so they're super easy to clean.
Final Verdict: With the Doggie Designs Camouflage Print Non-Skid Dog Socks, your pup's feet will be warm and cozy, and your floors will be protected, too! The camouflage print is just too cute.
Petego is another extremely reputable maker of a variety of pet products, such as dog carriers, travel dog crates, dog beds, dog gates, dog playpens, and even plush dog toys. Their Traction Control Indoor Dog Socks are the perfect choice for dogs than tend to have cold feet or pups that have a hard time keeping steady on their feet. They're made of 100 percent polyester, so they conform to the shape of your pet's feet and they're durable, yet their soft and super comfortable. The non-slip bottoms will help your pooch keep his balance on slippery surfaces, such as hardwood floors and tiles. These socks also provide some cushioning, so they can prevent pressure buildup in the joints, too.
The design of these socks is super adorable. They're pink with red on the toes and ankles. The front features a modern butterfly design, while the non-slip material on the underside is shaped like hearts. Machine washable, these sock are easy to care for; plus, they come in four sizes, ranging from x-small to x-large, so you'll be sure to find an option that will fit your pooch.
Final Verdict: If you're looking for an affordable, functional, comfortable, and durable sock for your pup, the Petego Traction Control Indoor Dog Socks are a great option. 100 percent polyester, machine washable, and non-slip, these dog socks offer a real bang for your buck.
Canada Pooch is renowned for the line of high-quality dog apparel and accessories that they make, which includes everything from vests and coats, to rain boots and harness. All of their products are designed with the comfort and safety of dogs in mind. Their Cambridge Dog Socks definitely live up to their reputation.
Made of 100 percent cotton that has been sewn into a textured cable knit, these dog socks are soft, warm, breathable, and durable. They also provide a nice bit of cushioning, so they'll help to prevent pressure buildup in the joints, making them an ideal choice for canines that suffer from joint issues, such as hip dysplasia and arthritis. The non-slip, rubberized sole will help your dog keep his balance, whether he's walking around town or relaxing at home. Since the material is stretchy, you'll have no trouble getting these socks on to and off of your furry friend's feet. They have a snug fit, too, which means that they'll stay in place. These dog socks are available in either navy or maroon, and both options feature a speckled design that gives them a charming rustic look. They're also available in four sizes, including small, medium, large, and x-large, so there's an option for all breeds; however, do keep in mind that you should measure your dog's feet and follow the sizing guide to ensure you are ordering the right size.
Final Verdict: The Canada Pooch Cambridge Dog Socks will keep your pup's feet warm and comfortable on those cold days. They'll also help him keep his grip on slippery surfaces, thank to the rubberized bottoms. Plus, the design of these socks is really cute.
Last on our list of the best socks for dogs – but certainly not the least – is the Ultra Paws Doggie Socks for Dogs. Whether you're looking to keep your dog's feet warm during cold weather, you're looking to provide him with some traction control, or you want to protect your hardwood and tiled floors, these socks are a great option to consider.
Made of 100 percent polyester, these dog socks are very durable, yet soft, warm, and oh-so cozy. They stretch nicely, which makes it easier to put them on and take them off, yet they stay in place, so there's no reason to worry about having losing them. Too add to the thoughtful design, these socks do not feature any interior thread, which means that they won't catch on your pup's nails. The silicone swirl grip on the soles of these socks provides traction control, and the unique design will definitely make your pup stand out in a crowd. Theses socks are available in five sizes, including x-small, small, medium, large, and x-large. They're machine washable, too, for easy care.
Final Verdict: The Ultra Paws Doggie Socks for Dogs will keep your pet's feet warm and cozy while offering added stability, thanks to the non-slip bottoms. What really makes these socks stand out is that they are free of interior threads, so they won't catch on your pup's nails.
Many pet parents might think that socks for dogs are a flashy purchase that really isn't necessary; assuming that they're nothing more than an accessory, like hair bows or bow ties. While sure, dog socks are, in fact, an accessory and they will certainly add to the cuteness of your pet, they're actually very useful and are a practical purchase.
In this section of our review, we'll discuss the benefits of dog socks and share some factors that you should take into consideration when purchasing a pair for your pooch.
It goes without saying that dog socks will keep your pet's feet warm, so whether his feet tend to be cold all the time or you just want to keep them roasty toasty when the temperatures drop, dog socks can be extremely useful.
Socks for dogs can also provide your pup with some stability; especially those that have a non-skid sole. They can prevent your dog from slipping and sliding on slippery surfaces, like hardwood and tiled floors.
You'll be able to shield your pet's feet from cold and hot surfaces, as well as jagged surfaces when he's walking when he's wearing a pair of socks.
Joint relief. If your pup suffers from joint issues, having him wear a pair of dog socks can help. They provide a bit of extra cushioning and can absorb some of the shock while walking, which can help to minimize the pain that your pet is experiencing.
In addition to being able to take advantage of all of these benefits, there's another reason why you should consider purchasing socks for your do: they're just so darn cute! There's really nothing cuter than seeing a dog walking around n a pair of socks!
The fit; make sure to measure your dog's feet.
The design; non-slip bottoms provide traction control and can prevent sliding around and injuries.
The style; while it might not affect the function of the sock, it's important to consider the style to ensure that your pooch is wearing something you actually like. | {
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When you choose to purchase carpet or carpet remnants, you shouldn't need to guess how it will appear in your residence. Carpets are undoubtedly the most durable and affordable alternatives extended. Buying carpet is a significant expense and you deserve to go treated fairly! If you would like the highest quality rugs for your area, then we may give you a patterned loop pile that will make it quite easy even for your children to walk and truly feels comfortable with no matter.
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Carpet in Topeka KS is necessary. However, they're susceptible to dirt, particularly if you have children or pets. Food unsightly stains, ink and beverage spills are usually a few of the most typical unsightly stains on rugs and mats. Some stains are an easy task to obtain rid of while some require special items and cleaning techniques. In case you have rugs in your house, it is smart to be familiar with the available cleaning options and techniques. Many people are acquainted with the steam cleaning method; however, there are numerous others that can be found in helping to eliminate the various stains your carpeting is subjected to.
Carpet is really a big investment. We wish our carpets to check good, and final for several years. Unfortunately, there are several myths and half-truths about how exactly to deal with your carpet.
Carpet maintenance may be the very first thing in protecting your carpeting investment! Soil and humidity will be the worst enemy of each carpeting. That's why it is very important always location walk-off mats before any entrance. They'll help trap most of the outside dust and leave your carpeting clean for longer. Work with a good carpeting pad which will provide much better resilience and prolong the lifespan of one's carpet.
Carpets provide an excellent accent to an area. It makes the area appear and feel cozy. However, when mishandled, a carpeting can also destroy the wonder of everything. Consider seeing everything to be able aside from the filthy carpeting you are stepping on.
Carpets have become common home items. Nearly every home would have a minimum of one carpet. That is so because carpets and rugs are not just aesthetically pleasing but may also be very functional. It acts as a décor or an extra accent to the area. But in addition to that, in addition, it serves as a security to the flooring.
Carpets can be found in all sizes and shapes. You can find big, shaggy and sq. carpets for the living area in your own home, wall-to-wall smooth and smooth carpets in offices, also little furry, and oval, bath carpets to ensure that the feet don't get frosty when you've stepped out from the shower.
Leave a comment and share your tips about what to search for while buying carpet for your house or business. Frieze rugs are offered in solid and multicolor. Ultimately, ensure you have your frieze carpet professionally steamed once per year.
Carpet can truly increase the high quality and comfort of your house. If a carpet is fresh and doesn't have any stains, you can request the type of carpet cleaning agents to use made particularly for the sort of substance your carpet consists of. The most suitable rug is one which satisfies your finances, goals, lifestyle, and requirements. Everybody can purchase a new carpet at wholesale carpet prices in Atlanta and save plenty of money.
You ought to be really pleased with your carpeting because you are going to have it for a very long moment. When you're looking for carpet in Spadina Toronto, you're faced with a number of distinctive choices, therefore it is important to take it one step at a moment. Cheap carpets are a really good notion to check into especially in the event you'll need to choose a budget for your carpet or whenever you've got a great deal of area that requires discount floors. Indoor-outdoor carpet is the simplest form of carpeting to install because it's thin and doesn't require tack strip or padding. In comparison to wooden flooring, carpets are incredibly easy to get. If your carpet has seen better days and you are trying to devote a brand-new carpet, there are a couple of things that you should know about first. Saxony carpets are highly desired for formal locations but may be used throughout different parts of the home.
Most carpet wholesalers are able to assist you to locate a carpet installer in town if they don't do offer installation services. Carpet vendors, good or bad, won't tell you whatever you have to learn about purchasing their goods. Carpet prices can vary, but should you have picked a stylish, expensive rug, you need to be conscious of these strategies to be sure it remains clean and pristine. Advertised installation prices only contain things like basic expenditures. Make a fast tour of your regional Lowe's or Home Depot to acquire a notion of what your price may be. In the majority of instances, the prices for your flooring will consist of installment however, you must always ask to make sure. To begin with, you should understand that there's no established cost amongst port cleaners.
You should check at the foot traffic to the floor. Among the most important disadvantages of laminate flooring is it can wear easily in regions of high traffic. Cork flooring reviews really are fantastic ways to learn about the various properties and advantages of cork floors. Since you may see, bamboo flooring inspections are able to help you become conscious of the features, brands, and also guidelines for attention and installation. Flooring reviews of special manufacturers will let you know what style, range and colors are readily available. You also ought to take into consideration the texture of the carpeting.
Since slate flooring can combine with each setting, it's the obvious selection of homeowners and home developers. Marble flooring is thought to be one of the best choices of flooring as it's secure and tasteful in appearance. The white pattern marble floors are only among the greatest varieties of flooring choices that embellish your homes.
As mentioned previously, floor tiles supply a whole lot of stylistic flexibility, adapting any space and decor. Floating Tiles In case your tiles contain asbestos, or you're worried about the extra height on the floor because of an underlayment, you can want to think about floating tiles. If you would like to understand how to install carpet tiles, then you are able to find a step-by-step education guide on their internet portal or you may also consult with their books for a comprehensive instruction alongside diagrams. Discount carpet tiles are among the most unique, powerful and reasonably priced flooring fashions out there. Tile flooring is presently a popular decorating choice for quite a few factors. Parquet hardwood floors are usually the most affordable, however, it's more difficult to refinish compared to other fantastic hardwood flooring and its lifespan is relatively shorter. Contemporary parquet hardwood flooring incorporates solid tiles of timber pre-arranged in patterns, which makes it effortless to set up.
Bathroom flooring needs to to be quite water-resistant and anti-slippery. Nowadays, however, the selection of affordable, very good high-quality flooring available has improved tenfold and as you could be tempted to purchase that beautiful stone floor you've seen in the showroom, you want to ask if it is going to actually fit your own requirements. Additionally, wood may also be stained or painted to create increased color and style choices.
You may want the rug to produce a declaration or simply blend into the room. Filthy carpets also develop a bad workplace environment. Well, the final thing I'd like you to find out about remnant carpet is that it isn't hard to get both hands on. There is no means this carpet will not be ideal for your area. As you allow carpets of the automobile dried, you must return to floor mats, employ the shampoo and utilize the wash.
Our rugs come with most extensive professional warranty offer on the market. This kind of rug have very high place and are the most intricate. It is crucial to find out what makes up the rug then the cleanup should be taken up. Washing rugs in industrial firms will likely become a element of your collection, therefore ensure that you buy the right carpet cleaning equipment.
The rugs aren't made in any specific regions of the country but from various parts of the nation. Persian rugs are extremely unique! Some individuals choose the distinct range so that the workplace rug shows through.
A floor mat is known as a great way to retain your home and workplace clean and guarantee a healthy environment. Thus floor mats could be a superior option to your sitting needs while you are in picnic or touring while they provides you chair that'll not get folded or crumble. You have to take away the floor mats. Floor mats not just protect your ground but also provide different other applications. A floor mat utilized in commercial establishments are designed to ensure maximum convenience to the personnel.
The bumpy spots hold the rug so your pad will not go around. Naturally, not any previous mat will do, and there are different types, therefore first, it's vital that you look at the several types of industrial floor mats available and the things they are used for. After that, you should rinse the cushion extensively to help you make certain that it's cleaned very well. Chair mats frequently talk about the worry for individual security, for example, many individuals typically don't look where they're walking and might concern yourself with falling over their seat cushion. They are commonly for sale in the marketplace and you can find a variety of sorts, sizes, patterns and also the substance where the pad consists of. Many chair pads can be found in many different styles to fit your office needs.
In case a tile gets damaged it can be easily removed and changed. Carpet tiles have become a favorite installation project to get a property renovator and are available in an enormous selection of styles and colors. Suitable for many regions of the house, home rug tiles give you a hard wearing home floor floor that is built to deal with spillages and high traffic.
Tiles may prove to be remarkably durable if they are cleaned and managed properly. Consequently your tiles remain unscathed. You should also analyze what role the rug floor tiles will play, as this may create all of the variation within the size and sort of rug to get, in addition to its area.
Should you decide to slice the tiles then this will be harder and you'll require a many more time to generate this a real possibility. Prior to starting cutting every one of the tiles it is a good idea to test the style will still work. Ceramic tiles are a lot more sturdy but considerably harder to cut.
Grouting the tiles may also be necessary with respect to the form of tiles you're using. Carpet tiles can be found in several types also, along with designs and colours. The carpet tiles have become durable, so they will have the ability to endure the weight of furniture or equipment that's added to top. These carpet floor tiles are available in multiple color options.
If you need this type of flooring it would be best to employ a specialist to complete the work for you. Security flooring is currently used in lots of different conditions. It's one strategy which can be usedto provide a full makeover of where you're functioning or where you keep. Often choosing the cheapest Bamboo Floor is not a good thing to complete.
f you want to-do the installment yourself, you should familiarize yourself with all the methods needed to get this done. Finally, installation may also affect the expense of carpet installation. Certainly, a rug installation at home is not an everyday purchase, and professional carpet cleaning realize that.
Today you are thinking about the installation. Rug installation, however, it is not that simple. With all the current various flooring possibilities, it can be an easy project. One of the simplest carpet installations is one where the pad is in fact mounted on the carpet.
Various kinds of carpeting are better to cut than others. Additionally, you may want to set up rug in elements of your house, for example your bedrooms and living room, while choosing other options in additional suites. Installing new rug can be an investment in your house plus one you are able to enjoy for years, which is why choosing the right rug is important. Then when you need new carpeting in your home, look for the experts. When you are seeking new flooring on your property, it is important to find professional help.
Rug is one of the most critical items at home. The best rug can definitely influence the look of the space. It's very possible for most of US to put in their particular flooring. There are various explanations why you mustn't use the outside flooring you discover a local rug and hardware shops.
Rug is another very popular sort of floor. Before you mount the particular rug, you may utilize a staple hammer to put in a carpet pad. On occasion, you will manage to substitute the entire rug of modest areas with just one huge carpet remnant.
At this point you need to fit the carpet and ensure that it'll be immediately throughout installation. If there is presently carpet on the ground, you've to take it up and take away the padding. Most fresh rugs will have some kind of warranty and heap reversal may be covered.
There are certainly a lot of points to consider before you start adding carpets by yourself. The two most significant methods are to make sure that you simply have bought enough carpet to pay in case you produce a cutting oversight and you possess the resources which might be necessary to mount the carpet. If you attempt to mount rug yourself, you would must use, book or buy the tools essential to have the carpeting in place. When the carpet is difficult to have it to stay for the tack strip then make use of the carpet staple gun. Adding that new carpet is a massive work, however it is something that it is possible to sometimes handle your own or with professional help. If you are presently buying new carpet, you need to constantly be sure that you are ready to get superior -quality carpet shields to-go along with it. Fresh carpets are often additionally used to aid provide a house, so getting a cheap rug installation charge is a good idea.
If you prefer an extremely specific type of rug then you must be willing to perform a large amount of investigation. If you learn that carpet is not in spite of the baseboard, make use of a knee kicker to adjust the carpet. Before purchasing wholesale carpet, you'll must carefully consider how your carpet will undoubtedly be utilized and what your budget is, so you'll realize you 're getting a whole lot on tough carpet that could last for decades. To begin with, you need to ensure that why you should install a rug as compared to its brethren and subsequently, you've and to think about the appropriate approach for your correct rug installation in Chevy Chase, MD. You must also machine the present rug to remove the accumulated dust and other dirt and avoid them from getting airborne.
In most cases the carpet only has to be drawn one path. It's required to vacuum the carpet to get rid of any loose fibers. In case you obtain a standard family area carpet minus the carpet station to-go under it, then it would not take much walking on as a way to actually use -out the rug.
Whilst a carpet might be easily washed by hoovering regularly, this does not reach deep enough into the carpet to get rid of all dirt. After the rug is mounted, there are a few extremely important carpet installation suggestions to keep in mind. From here you will have the ability to pull the rug up. Both carpet and tiles remain common alternatives for household flooring. You may also find modular carpet that is built to employ multiple tiles that form a larger design.
For those who haven't bought flooring because of their residence, the procedure may seem complicated. Frieze carpeting is recognized as to be one among most sought after kinds of carpeting for a house. Acrylic rug is actually quite close to wool on several approaches, which is why it is frequently referred to as synthetic wool. When you need new carpeting, select a nylon rug could be a good conclusion. It is very likely for most people to put in their particular rug. It is best which you have bought a good carpeting that will be cheaper at the same.
Frieze carpet includes nylon or cotton string that's been spun tighter. Frieze rugs can be found in several beautiful shades and easy patterns. It's a type of cut-pile composed of somewhat twisted fibers.
Take into account that no rug is totally spot – evidence. Carpeting in Plaistow, NH come in quite a few various fibers and designs, each with their advantages and disadvantages. In reality, you will find many kinds of carpet accessible it is often no problem finding something which might accommodate any area of your house. It's easy to acquire any rug with abandon, with no reverence for almost any kind of picture, but this can be termed luxury, a that'll only work for millionaires. Therefore, get some good good data before beginning getting up the old rug. Moreover, clean up carpets and rugs in addition to furniture search a lot more vibrant and may probably remain longer.
In case you are interested in green-building, another type of carpet you might want to contemplate is one made of recycled fibers. When you close on the house and make the mandatory repairs, be sure you get the house prepared on the market, including doing suitable Home Staging. Having your own house is really a major milestone in your life.
There are a large amount of benefits of employing carpets. One of the most important features of nylon carpet will be the fact that the rug fibers can resist plenty of deterioration. The obvious advantage in employing timber flooring is the fact that it's readily available in lots of hues and types. Additionally there are many other features of using carpet flooring.
There are numerous strategies to move, and each carpet option has its own advantages and disadvantages. You will get the bigger selection of modern flooring selections which permit you to design the most recent improvements. Everything you must consider will be the make and substance utilized in the carpet, and where you want on utilizing it. Once you have some notion of the present costs it will make it easier to look for brand new carpet, irrespective of where you decide to acquire it.
Hallways are a perfect area for rug of the form. When you need to include your surfaces, there are always a lot of different alternatives where to decide on. You also need to make sure the floors have the ability to take the excess use. If you are using a wood floor, you'll need to put in a considerable amount of damping elsewhere. It can also be used to help make the room soundproof.
Where you want to put this carpet as well as the traffic patterns of the space will be the largest factor you should look into. You can also carpet your stairs and it surely will make them secure for the family members. Yet another thing in order to avoid when washing mats is any type of scrub until all other washing options have been exhausted. Some of these carpets are more fragile than a normal carpet that's designed for higher traffic so that as an outcome they might require more attention and focus on clean them. Despite the fact that this sort of carpet can resist heavy use, it's essential to retain it clear to find the best performance. Many people choose broadloom carpet in order to make a distinct fashion declaration.
There are various various kinds of floor to choose from. Deciding on the best rug flooring for your home or office is a selection that requires some serious thought. Carpet tiles might be fitted in almost all types of flooring. Cheap carpet tiles provide many rewards much like another form of carpeting. They're quite affordable. You simply have to be sure that you are finding quality carpet tiles from the reliable supplier.
If you are looking to install carpet tiles in basements, you'll want some kind of interlocking tiles that may be dry put and does not need adhesives. Carpet tiles can be found in many different hues, styles, and designs so that you are guaranteed to seek out anything to complement your company decoration. These carpet tiles does not need to be honored the ground. The desperate carpet tiles are made to be removed and replaced. Most of all, natural carpet tiles have competitive and beautiful value which supplies greater saving.
Hardwood Floors using their numerous factors and many notably cost effectiveness will be the simplest way to enhance the value to the house. If the floors happen to be fitted, choosing a rug is often the next move to take. For those who have made a decision to put in a hardwood floor then here are a few installation tips that may help you save time, cash plus a lot of aggravation. In case you are enthusiastic about redoing your floors, you have an amazing variety of solutions. Carpeted surfaces could possibly be easier to reveal. The floor of your dwelling or office is the very first thing that captures the interest of everyone who enters in. It is a youngster 's bedroom so once again, changeable tiles have their charm.
For this you can both use tile glue or you are able to use colored grout, in a wide kinds of shade. Also, tile is genuinely simple to clear, and stain-resistant. Lots of people assume that particular or simply all hardwood types appear good outdoors, but that's not the situation. You will find interlocking outdoor flooring tiles and use numerous varieties of tiles suitable for outdoor use.
Flooring is the best place to begin your natural remodel. Tile flooring is also exceedingly easy to clear. Nowadays, you'll learn various varieties of flooring. Cork floor is visually interesting since it is available in various colors and variations. It is an essential component of every household. Installing floor must be one of the ultimate measures in developing a home. Picking the correct flooring for steps is something which must be done rightly.
If you're trying to install carpet tiles in basements, you'll want some type of interlocking tiles that may be dry installed and doesn't need adhesives. Carpet tiles come in a variety of shades, styles, and textures and that means you 're confident to find something to complement your organization decoration. These carpet tiles does not must be followed a floor. The sticky carpet tiles are made to be eliminated and changed. Primarily, green carpet tiles have competitive and appealing cost which supplies higher saving.
Hardwood Floors with their multiple facets and most significantly cost effectiveness will be the easiest way to improve the worthiness towards the house. Once the floors happen to be mounted, choosing a carpet is often the next action to take. If you have chose to use a wood floor then below are a few installation tips which will save time, money along with a large amount of stress. If you are enthusiastic about redoing your surfaces, you have an unbelievable quantity of options available. Carpeted surfaces could possibly be better to reveal. A floor of your house or workplace could be the very first thing that attracts the interest of anyone who enters in. It is a youngster 's place thus once more, replaceable tiles have their charm. For this you are able to often use tile adhesive or you'll be able to utilize tinted grout, in an extensive kinds of colour. Furthermore, tile is genuinely easy to clean, and stain resistant. Lots of people feel that distinct or perhaps all tile patterns seem great outdoors, but that is not the case. You will find interlocking outdoor flooring tiles and use numerous forms of tiles suitable for outdoor use.
Floor is the greatest place to start your green remodel. Tile flooring can be exceptionally simple to clear. Today, you'll uncover numerous kinds of floor. Cork flooring is visually fascinating as it is available in different shades and variations. It's an essential part of every property. Adding floor ought to be among the ultimate actions in creating a property. Selecting the best floor for steps is a thing that needs to be achieved rightly. Wool carpets offer a really stylish and abundant look to your bedroom. Consequently, get some good good data before starting tearing up the old rug. It's totally possible for most of US to set up their own carpeting.
You will find there are various possibilities, even though some of these don't work fairly also in cool environments. You will discover there are lots of different choices available. The right floor selection for-you depends on your budget, spot, choices, and needs. In the first place, the top floor choice for steps is installing tiles. Your best option of wood is maple which will be difficult and continues to get a very long time. One of the options to contemplate when selecting laminate floor for the household is panel width. Below you will find all our attic floor choices which can be ideal for basements.
In this respect, you're encouraged to get the best support you can afford. The carpet mat represents a job in just how long the carpet continues, together with ease. It's likely to absorb the impact from strolling on the ground, as opposed to the carpet, which assists the carpet remain together longer. The glue to the back of the rug tile is thick and is placed on the carpet approx. Laminates, while delivering the design of timber floor in a fraction of the cost takes a long hard search if you should be hoping to keep the flooring to get a long-time.
If you search for superior floor discounts, you can find flooring you like in your budget. Carpet floor bargains are a great way to make certain reasonable costs. Among the most significant things about installation, no-matter who's carrying it out, is obtaining the right proportions. Should you be a dynamic person who wish to try the procedure of finishing a custom residence, speak to your builder and flooring subcontractor so you could be involved in it.
You will find pricing to become throughout the area with Astroturf, but if you want something which basically seems like genuine lawn, you will have to pay a tad bit more for it. In case you are on the market for rug, it is best to drop by your neighborhood Lowe's and check-out their selection of STAINMASTER carpet for your household. Flooring installation businesses routinely have a great deal of experience as well as the proper methods to have the job done right. Best Laminate Flooring The numerous models, making use of their countless floor choices, create deciding on the best laminate a extremely struggle.
Carpet tiles can be bought in an number of designs and a good array of materials too. A low-cost carpet tile is something which is simple to install and comes in a range of colors and styles. Carpet tiles have a number of benefits, but two that really stick out. Carpet floor tiles are appropriate for almost any room in the home, although they're not very common in the restroom or kitchen on account of the quantity of water that the floor often receives.
Hardwood flooring gives your house a warm appearance. Vinyl flooring is a rather new material that gives the very low maintenance of hardwood with the best thing about laminate. This flooring offers great insulation and will provide your basement a cozy appearance. Additionally, you need to make certain that your flooring doesn't find dirty easily and is also simpler to clean. For example, it is critical that you select the right sort of flooring for your house not just in boosting the industry value of your property but in addition for superior house function and the advantage of your nearest and dearest. You can think about using carpet flooring provided that your basement is waterproofed. In regards to home decoration flooring is among the most essential thing.
Generally, carpeted mats are created from polypropylene or polyester and are simple to wash, although oil and grease may be an problem, she explained. Whether you pick basic mats or custom liners will be contingent on your priorities, demands, and price range. It is necessary to ensure the mats become vacuumed as much as the carpeting. It's softer and flexible when compared with all-weather mats. It's thicker and heavier in comparison with the normal floor mats to more shield the flooring against harmful elements.
With the proper attention, carpeting will endure for a lot of decades. It safeguards your floors from damage, so laying carpet is an outstanding and cost effective strategy to keep the value of your home. It's excellent for adding a warm and comfortable feeling to your house but isn't a great option if you have children and pets. It's a great choice for developing a healthy atmosphere for allergy or asthma sufferers. For those who tend to relocate more frequently than standard, investing in wall-to-wall carpets isn't a marvelous idea.
How long your carpet will last is dependent upon how well it's made. Luxurious and exquisite, it truly is the perfect option to outfit your house. Get in touch with us today for a completely free consultation to guarantee you get the ideal carpeting to meet your needs.
Flooring are vital and crucial areas of the home thus protect and improve your investment together with the proper selection. It is mandatory that you just clean your hardwood floors frequently but don't require any identifying substances or bunches of water. You know, there's not anything that seems quite like a high quality hardwood flooring.
Make certain to have a look at the drying times so you don't ruin the floors. There's a kind of hardwood floor for each budget assortment. Hardwood floors are entirely popular with many homeowners now, however it's well-known they're quite expensive occasionally, based on the real wood used. The top kinds of hardwood flooring might be rather expensive. Refinishing hardwood floors is a wonderful method to improve the attractiveness of your property.
Be certain that there are not any dust particles on the earth before buffing. Although such a flooring is really low- care, they do need expert attention sometimes. This kind of flooring is fast to wash. Consequently, deciding a better, powerful and affordable floor covering is rather a difficult job.
Flooring edging from Koffler Sales is the best thing as it supplies you with all these options. A carpeting flooring creates a comfortable and lovely room for an inexpensive price, and also makes a nutritious environment. Before deciding whether such a flooring is for you, consider the benefits and disadvantages of hardwood flooring first. Should you do it right, you can be assured your previous flooring will seem shiny and brand new once more. You most likely have several distinct flooring. Similarly, are always going to really have a nice, shiny floor each time you walk in the room.
Suitable floor installation is essential, as it can improve the ground and space, and provide years of toughness. Carpet installation and flooring installation is among the most critical elements to take into account if you are buying yourself carpet flooring. If you are ready to accomplish your carpet floor installation, you must seek out someone who can perform the job effectively.
First thing you need to complete prior to the installation truly begins would be to be sure to have everything you need. A suitable carpet installation is equally as important since the quality of the rug components. Skilled carrpet installation in Gurnee, IL might just be the right alternative for you personally. It is a specialized process, as well as in order to ensure it appears excellent, and lasts, you then'll must employ an installer. Free carpet installation does not incorporate any bonuses and you may find that the ultimate statement of your rug install is much higher.
Better yet, you can often employ stick free carpet installation practices. After installation is total, you will see some shredding. Carpet installation involves several methods. The fundamental carpet installation does not include any accessories. Do not be amazed WHENEVER YOUR rug installation isn't considered "basic" thus YOU WILL HAVE some significant extra costs and prices. Rug installation will undoubtedly be completed right initially.
Few technicians use this kind of simple approach to calculate their charges. It really is difficult to find skilled and competent carpet workers. The most important thing you need to make sure of, is the fact that the carpet workers use a strength – stretcher to set up your rug. You will have to get hold of the carpet installer. You intend to hire a rug tech who has at least five decades of expertise for basic carpet jobs, and at the least 10 years of expertise for hard carpet jobs.
All kinds of rug must be fitted over-padding. To begin with, the carpet will meet the walls neatly and without the tips showing. Installing your own personal carpet could end up in a variety of techniques, but when you employ people who learn the method, hopefully you are going to end up getting a job well done. Check out the Carpet America Recovery Attempt to discover in case your old rug can be recycled.
If you've a cheap solution to get rid of the rug, you may save up to a cent per square foot. A rug can be quite a great spot for bacteria, especially in damp environments. It is a cheaper item although not of the same quality for having animals. The identical carpet may differ in price generally at every carpet store you visit.
Rug is available in a bunch of models, colors, textures and budgets. Consequently, it's significantly quieter than some other flooring. It's crucial that you choose a rug that matches the wants of the area. Rug is an attractive option for industrial settings as well. After you have chosen the carpet on your office or home, then you need to be sure that you have a qualified carpet tech to install your carpet. It's even cheaper than flooring. By establishing a proper carpet cleaning regime, you possibly can make your rug last to get a long time. Before you will get flooring installed, there are always a few items that you have to do to prepare for your installation.
With this particular kind of rug, it is easier proper to set up it. Just be sure to purchase in the best rug brands which means that your carpet will last for years in the future. Even if you are simply hoping to find some discount rug.
There are various different types of carpet on the market today. Meanwhile, the rug is just starting to demonstrate soiling facing the easy-chair and stains are far more hard to get rid of than assured. Most carpet is created with unsustainable or nonrenewable resources ( such as petroleum ). When you are buying carpet the initial step will help the buying buying experiences and simpler. Rug is one of the most popular floor types to possess in your home. Well-constructed carpet is vital for durability. | {
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Home / Money & Career /
Everything You Need to Know About the Insane History of Black Friday
Phillip Francis
Black Friday is one of those days that has grown into its own monster, seemingly all by itself. Something that some people may want to call a "Hallmark holiday," or a very clever marketing gimmick, was also used to help recover a broken economy.
Yes, Black Friday is a day you either love or hate. Some people stay in, while others get up at the crack of dawn or stay out all night for it. But how big is Black Friday for the economy, where did it come from, and why do we call it that? Follow us through the sordid history of what we all know as Black Friday.
1. It's the single biggest shopping day of the year
Shoppers pack retailers across the country. | Stephen Chernin/Getty Images
Every year, the retail market gets a huge boost in sales. In 2017, it is estimated that retail stores will generate close to $682 billion in revenue between Black Friday and Christmas. That's a number that has grown by an average of 2.5% every year for the past 15 years. The majority of that will come on Black Friday weekend.
Next: Black Friday creates a lot of jobs, too.
2. Black Friday demands a huge labor force
It's the easiest time of the year to get a part-time job. | Paul J. Richards/AFP/Getty Images
Employment skyrockets as well. In 2013, the record was set at 764,750 jobs created for the holiday season! This year is expected to be somewhere around 500,000 jobs for the season. Still not that bad when you consider that only about a quarter million were created after the financial collapse in 2008.
Next: How the heck did this become so big?
3. You can thank (or blame) Macy's
A parade, fittingly, made the crowds. | Michael Loccisano/Getty Images
Every year, your family may gather around the television and enjoy watching the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade without realizing that's where it all began. Back in 1924, Macy's began marketing their post-Thanksgiving day sales. At the time it was something that was largely just for their store in New York. But the idea soon caught on by other retailers. However, the name "Black Friday" wouldn't come until decades later.
Next: If it wasn't originally called "Black Friday," then why do we call it that now?
4. There are two explanations for the name 'Black Friday'
A packed carriage on a commuter train in Philadelphia | Three Lions/Getty Images
The first explanation is believed to have come out of Philadelphia in the 1950's. Some police called it that because of the increased traffic from shoppers and people attending football games. Newspapers caught onto the lingo and started referring to the day as such because of the large crowds at shopping centers.
Next: The other explanation is a little more on the nose.
5. Stocks rebound heavily on Black Friday
Stocks boom during the holiday season. | Comstock/Getty Images
The second reason it could be referred to as Black Friday is the massive amount of revenue that is generated on that day. Starting in the 1970s and 1980s, stores would do so well that they would go from being "in the red" to being "in the black," which is a reference to the merchandiser's books finally hitting positive numbers. Thus, stock traders started calling it Black Friday and the name stuck.
Next: The gimmick of Black Friday was so strong it was used to help the Great Depression.
6. FDR wanted to capitalize on the holiday season
FDR Just wanted to change it up a bit. | Central Press/Getty Images
Towards the end of the Great Depression, FDR moved Thanksgiving from the last weekend in November to the fourth weekend. The thought was that if the holiday season was longer, businesses could generate more revenue. If there's more revenue generated, then the economy could recover faster. People were not pleased by the move and started referring to the new date as "Franksgiving."
Next: Will it last?
7. Is Black Friday finally going out of style?
Online shopping is getting bigger. | iStock.com/Popartic
The rush and bustle of the crowds around Black Friday were always a necessity for the times. Before, people couldn't go online and find insane deals. They would have to go to the store to cash in on the huge savings. But it seems like people are opting for the digital approach to the shopping weekend. In 2012, around 150 million people went to the store to do their holiday shopping on the Black Friday weekend. That number dropped by a third to about 100 million in 2015, but the revenue still increased, which suggests that more people are shopping online.
Follow The Cheat Sheet on Facebook! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
HomeMarket WalkDaily Market Update – OCT 30TH 2020
Daily Market Update – OCT 30TH 2020
India's fiscal deficit in the first half of the fiscal year ending Sep-20 has already touched 115% of the full year target. Against the full year target of Rs.7,92,000 crore, the government fiscal deficit had already crossed Rs.9,13,000 crore by September. With another six months still to go, it looks the combination of weak revenues and higher spending could take the overall central fiscal deficit closer to 7% of GDP as against the initial budgeted target of 3.5% of GDP. Higher fiscal deficit means higher borrowings. However, this has been a problem with economies around the world as they try to boost GDP growth..
Vodafone Idea has reported losses of Rs.7,218 crore for the September quarter on the back of lower provisioning. However, the revenues for the quarter were absolutely flat and the company continued to see consistent loss of customers in the 4G space and that has been hitting its growth in a big way. It may be recollected that Vodafone had posted a net loss of Rs.50,921 crore in the Sep-19 quarter but that was because it had take a provision of Rs.25,677 crore towards AGR and spectrum charges payable. Now the Supreme Court has given Vodafone 10 years time to defray the AGR charges but it still entails outflows of Rs.5,000 crore annually. Towards this end, the company has implemented a cost cutting plan to save Rs.4,200 crore of OPEX annually. But the real worry is loss of customers to competition.
Amazon has informed SEBI and the stock exchanges about the decision of the Singapore arbitrator's interim judgment staying the proposed merger deal between Reliance Industries and the Future group. Amazon has also provided the regulator and the exchanges with a copy of the interim order. Amazon had approached the Singapore arbitrator on the grounds that, as an existing indirect investor in Future Enterprises via Future Coupons, Amazon had the right of first refusal. A couple of months, the Future group had entered into a deal to sell all retail and wholesale units to Reliance Retail for Rs.24,700 crore.
One of the biggest results of the season, Reliance Industries is expected to be announced on 30 October. Like in the previous quarter, the performance and the growth of the telecom and retail business is expected to be robust while the core business of oil refining and petchem is expected to remain tepid. In the last few months, the company has managed to sell a substantial stake in its digital and retail ventures to a slew of foreign PE funds and strategic investors. It has now broadly divided the group in 3 parts consisting of the digital properties, retail initiatives and traditional oil-to-chemicals or O2C.
Bharat Petroleum saw a 58% jump in its net profits in the Sep-20 quarter to Rs2590 crore on the back of healthy refining margins and also inventory valuation. In the previous quarter, the company had witnessed inventory valuation losses due to tepid crude prices but that has recovered with crude holding above $40/bbl in the Brent market. Similarly, the gross refining margin or GRM benchmark in Singapore has also moved up from extremely low levels and that has helped BPCL. This is one of the companies that are slated for a total government stake sale as part of the disinvestment process.
In a bid to quickly monetize their holding in Air India, the government has once again relaxed bidding norms. Apart from extending the deadline for submitting bids from October 30 to December 14, the bidders can now also quote based on enterprise value or EV rather than equity value. The aviation minister confirmed this would attract bidders since they used debt amount as the minimum bid till date. EV includes the equity, debt and the cash in the books of the company. The only condition laid by the government is that any willing bidder will have to pay 15% of the quoted amount as an upfront amount. The buyer will have to take over Rs.23,285 crore of debt of Air India, where the government guarantee will be withdrawn post sale. The debt will be priced by the market. Tatas are leading in the race.
Tata-Mistry Case – Supreme Court rules in favour of Tatas, but it may not really matter
Daily Market Update – Nov 24th 2020
Daily Market Update FEB 9
Tags:fiscal deficit, Vodafone Idea, Amazon, Supreme Court, SEBI, Singapore arbitrator's, Future Enterprises, Reliance Retail, BPCL, GRM benchmark, Air India, Tatas, aviation minister
What is the key message coming from the RBI Financial Stability Report?
Reliance Results – The real story is about the big digital shift in its business mix
T+1 Settlement – It is a good move, but incremental benefits will be limited | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
What can I expect from cosmetic consultation?
When you arrive for your cosmetic (breast augmentation, tummy tuck, breast lift, liposuction, etc.) consultation you can expect a professional and comforting experience. After filling out a small amount of paper work, you will meet with Dr. Quinn and his nurse. They will go over with you what it is you would like to change about your body, discuss your expectations and have you look at before and after picture books. These books give you an opportunity to find patients who have a similar "before" look and to check out what they achieved in results from that particular procedure.
In the case of breast augmentation, Dr. Quinn will also have you do a fitting with actual implants to find a size that you are interested in achieving. Dr. Quinn will perform an exam and go through the procedure(s) in detail. This process can take up to an hour, because Dr. Quinn will want to make sure that all your questions have been answered and all your concerns addressed.
After your visit with Dr. Quinn, you will have a chance to sit down with our Patient Care Coordinator. She will give you detailed quotes for the procedure(s) that you and Dr. Quinn have decided on. If you are interested in financing, that information will be given to you at this point in your appointment. Finally, if you are ready to schedule the procedure you can do so right then with our Patient Care Coordinator, or you can go home and give her a call when you are ready.
If I decide that I would like to have a cosmetic procedure performed, how soon will I be able to book that procedure?
We tell patients to plan to have surgery within 4 to 6 weeks of their consultation. However, if your schedule requires a closer date than 4 weeks, our Patient Care Coordinator will work her hardest to get a surgery date that works for your schedule.
You are welcome to bring whomever you choose to your consultation. We do ask that you try to find arrangement for your children though, as this appointment is lengthy and we do not have entertainment for children. However, we understand schedules and childcare arrangements, so we are happy to see you even if your children must attend the consultation as well.
In the case of all our cosmetic procedures, you will have a pre-operative appointment. At this appointment you will be given instructions for the night before surgery, the day of surgery, and the day after. In the case of breast augmentation and/or breast lifts with implants, we do have you come back between your consultation and pre-operative appointment to have an implant fitting once more.
What does an "implant fitting" entail?
An implant fitting is a process that Dr. Quinn has found gives women the best indication of how they will look in clothes after the breast augmentation procedure. In this fitting, you will be given a specially designed bra that is used to slip different sized implants on top of your already existing breast tissue. Using the combination of bra and implants, you can compare different sizes until you find the one that gives you the look you are looking for. We encourage you to bring your favorite tops from all different seasons, a tight T-shirt and even bathing suit tops to your second fitting. That way you can get a very good indication of how you will look in your clothing after the procedure. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
/*
* Jitsi, the OpenSource Java VoIP and Instant Messaging client.
*
* Distributable under LGPL license.
* See terms of license at gnu.org.
*/
package net.java.sip.communicator.plugin.irccommands.command;
import net.java.sip.communicator.impl.protocol.irc.*;
/**
* Implementation of the /nick command. Change local user's nick name.
*
* @author Danny van Heumen
*/
public class Nick implements Command
{
/**
* Index for end of nick command prefix.
*/
private static final int END_OF_COMMAND_PREFIX_INDEX = 6;
/**
* Instance of the IRC connection.
*/
private IrcConnection connection;
/**
* Initialization of the command. Issue nick change.
*
* @param provider the provider instance
* @param connection the connection instance
*/
public Nick(final ProtocolProviderServiceIrcImpl provider,
final IrcConnection connection)
{
if (connection == null)
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException("connection cannot be null");
}
this.connection = connection;
}
/**
* Execute the /nick command. Issue nick change to IRC server.
*
* @param source the source channel/user
* @param line the command message line
*/
@Override
public void execute(final String source, final String line)
{
if (line.length() <= END_OF_COMMAND_PREFIX_INDEX)
{
// no name parameter available, so nothing to do here
throw new IllegalArgumentException("New nick name is missing.");
}
final String part = line.substring(END_OF_COMMAND_PREFIX_INDEX);
final String newNick;
int indexOfSep = part.indexOf(' ');
if (indexOfSep == -1)
{
newNick = part;
}
else
{
newNick = part.substring(0, indexOfSep);
}
if (!newNick.isEmpty())
{
this.connection.getIdentityManager().setNick(newNick);
}
}
/**
* Usage instructions.
*/
@Override
public String help()
{
return "Usage: /nick <new-nick>";
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Q: Value parsing from XML tag cat /home/user/my.xml | grep -e productVersion | awk {'print $2'}
It parses data from file my.xml where I have a tag such like this:
<product productVersion="10.2.14.0" Type="test" Sub="0.3">
and finally I have a good result:
productVersion="10.2.14.0"
But on any oldest versions XML at others desktops, column can be not $2 and $3, and $4 etc. Of cause I tried to do ID ELSE, it works but I really couldn't know each column on each PC.
May be is it some function or trick for example where I can put productVersion=* and where I can see result from tag productVersion="10.2.14.0"?
A: Use a proper parser to extract information from the XML.
xmllint my.xml --xpath '//product/@productVersion'
A: Since you asked for an awk answer:
$ awk 'match($0,/productVersion="[^"]+"/){ print substr($0,RSTART,RLENGTH) }' file
productVersion="10.2.14.0"
or in gawk:
$ awk 'match($0,/productVersion="[^"]+"/,a){ print a[0] }' file
productVersion="10.2.14.0"
Note that the ticks go OUTSIDE of the awk script (awk '<whole script>'), not inside the curly brackets awk {'<rest of script>'}), since the ticks are the script delimiters and the curly brackets are just part of the script.
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} |
Without reliable and accurate level measurement a plant could be faced with lost productivity, low quality products, damaged equipment, and risk to personnel.
Spartan Control's wide breadth of level products have been designed to suit the simplest to the most challenging of applications. Our industry leading level technologies allow you to gain better insight into your process, allowing you to optimize your systems and anticipate and correct problems sooner.
Increase safety, improve efficiency and enhance regulatory compliance by utilizing Spartan's decades of local level measurement experience.
Many challenges can arise when attempting to get accurate and reliable level measurements.
This video by Emerson shows the difficulties of level measurement, and how Rosemount products can provide a solution. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
\section{Hadron Wavefunctions in QCD}
One of the most important tools in atomic physics is the Schr\"odinger
wavefunction; it provides a quantum mechanical description of the
position and spin coordinates of nonrelativistic bound states at a
given time $t$. Clearly, it is an important goal in hadron and
nuclear physics to determine the wavefunctions of hadrons in terms
of their fundamental quark and gluon constituents.
Guy de T\'eramond and I have recently shown how one can use AdS/CFT to not only obtain an accurate
description of the hadron spectrum for light quarks, but also how to obtain a remarkably simple
but realistic model of the valence wavefunctions of mesons, baryons, and glueballs.
As I review below, the amplitude $\Phi(z)$ describing the
hadronic state in the fifth dimension of Anti-de Sitter space
$\rm{AdS}_5$ can be precisely mapped to the
light-front wavefunctions $\psi_{n/h}$ of hadrons in physical
space-time~\cite{Brodsky:2006uq}, thus providing a relativistic
description of hadrons in QCD at the amplitude level. The
light-front wavefunctions are relativistic and frame-independent
generalizations of the familiar Schr\"odinger wavefunctions of
atomic physics, but they are determined at fixed light-cone time
$\tau= t +z/c$---the ``front form" advocated by Dirac---rather than
at fixed ordinary time $t$.
Formally, the light-front expansion is constructed by quantizing QCD
at fixed light-cone time \cite{Dirac:1949cp} $\tau = t + z/c$ and
forming the invariant light-front Hamiltonian: $ H^{QCD}_{LF} = P^+
P^- - {\vec P_\perp}^2$ where $P^\pm = P^0 \pm
P^z$.~\cite{Brodsky:1997de} The momentum generators $P^+$ and
$\vec P_\perp$ are kinematical; {\em i.e.}, they are independent of
the interactions. The generator $P^- = i {d\over d\tau}$ generates
light-front time translations, and the eigen-spectrum of the Lorentz
scalar $ H^{QCD}_{LF}$ gives the mass spectrum of the color-singlet
hadron states in QCD together with their respective light-front
wavefunctions. For example, the proton state satisfies:
$H^{QCD}_{LF} \ket{\psi_p} = M^2_p \ket{\psi_p}$.\linebreak
Remarkably, the light-front wavefunctions are frame-\linebreak
independent;thus knowing the LFWFs of a hadron in its rest frame
determines the wavefunctions in all other frames.
Given thelight-front wavefunctions$\psi_{n/H}(x_i, \vec k_{\perp i},
\lambda_i )$,one can compute a large range of hadron observables.
For example, the valence and sea quark and gluon distributions which
are measured in deep inelastic lepton scattering are defined from
the squares of the LFWFS summed over all Fock states $n$. Form
factors, exclusive weak transition amplitudes~\cite{Brodsky:1998hn}
such as $B\to \ell \nu \pi$. and the generalized parton
distributions~\cite{Brodsky:2000xy}measured in deeply virtual
Compton scattering are (assuming the``handbag" approximation)
overlaps of the initial and final LFWFS with $n =n^\prime$ and $n
=n^\prime+2$. The gauge-invariant distribution amplitude
$\phi_H(x_i,Q)$defined from the integral over the transverse momenta
$\vec k^2_{\perp i} \le Q^2$ of the valence (smallest $n$) Fock
state provides a fundamental measure of the hadron at the amplitude
level~\cite{Lepage:1979zb,Efremov:1979qk}; they are the
nonperturbative input to the factorized form of hard exclusive
amplitudes and exclusive heavy hadron decays in perturbative QCD.
The resulting distributions obey the DGLAP and ERBL evolution
equations as a function of the maximal invariant mass, thus
providing a physical factorization scheme~\cite{Lepage:1980fj}. In
each case, the derived quantities satisfy the appropriate operator
product expansions, sum rules, and evolution equations. However, at
large $x$ where the struck quark is far-off shell, DGLAP evolution
is quenched~\cite{Brodsky:1979qm}, so that the fall-off of the DIS
cross sections in $Q^2$ satisfies inclusive-exclusive duality at
fixed $W^2.$
The physics of higher Fock states such as the $\vert uud q \bar Q
\rangle$ fluctuation of the proton is nontrivial, leading to
asymmetric $s(x)$ and $\bar s(x)$ distributions, $\bar u(x) \ne \bar
d(x)$, and intrinsic heavy quarks $c \bar c$ and $b \bar b$ which
have their support at high momentum~\cite{Brodsky:2000sk}. Color
adds an extra element of complexity: for example there are
five-different color singlet combinations of six $3_C$ quark
representations which appear in the deuteron's valence wavefunction,
leading to the hidden color phenomena~\cite{Brodsky:1983vf}.
An important example of the utility of light-front wavefunctions in
hadron physics is the computation of polarization effects such as
the single-spin azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep
inelastic scattering, representing the correlation of the spin of
the proton target and the virtual photon to hadron production plane:
$\vec S_p \cdot \vec q \times \vec p_H$. Such asymmetries are
time-reversal odd, but they can arise in QCD through phase
differences in different spin amplitudes. In fact, final-state
interactions from gluon exchange between the outgoing quarks and the
target spectator system lead to single-spin asymmetries in
semi-inclusive deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering which are
not power-law suppressed at large photon virtuality $Q^2$ at fixed
$x_{bj}$~\cite{Brodsky:2002cx} (see: Fig.~\ref{SSA}). In contrast to
the SSAs arising from transversity and the Collins fragmentation
function, the fragmentation of the quark into hadrons is not
necessary; one predicts a correlation with the production plane of
the quark jet itself. Physically, the final-state interaction phase
arises as the infrared-finite difference of QCD Coulomb phases for
hadron wave functions with differing orbital angular momentum. The
same proton matrix element which determines the spin-orbit
correlation $\vec S \cdot \vec L$ also produces the anomalous
magnetic moment of the proton, the Pauli form factor, and the
generalized parton distribution $E$ which is measured in deeply
virtual Compton scattering. Thus the contribution of each quark
current to the SSA is proportional to the contribution
$\kappa_{q/p}$ of that quark to the proton target's anomalous
magnetic moment $\kappa_p = \sum_q e_q
\kappa_{q/p}$.~\cite{Brodsky:2002cx,Burkardt:2004vm}. The HERMES
collaboration has recently measured the SSA in pion
electroproduction using transverse target
polarization~\cite{Airapetian:2004tw}. The Sivers and Collins
effects can be separated using planar correlations; both processes
are observed to contribute, with values not in disagreement with
theory expectations~\cite{Airapetian:2004tw,Avakian:2004qt}. The
deeply virtual Compton amplitudes can be Fourier transformed to
$b_\perp$ and $\sigma = x^-P^+/2$ space providing new insights into
QCD
distributions~\cite{Burkardt:2005td,Ji:2003ak,Brodsky:2006in,Hoyer:2006xg}.
The distributions in the LF direction $\sigma$ typically display
diffraction patterns arising from the interference of the initial
and final state LFWFs~\cite{Brodsky:2006in}.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\includegraphics{8624A06.eps}
\vspace{1.5cm}
\caption{A final-state interaction from gluon exchange in deep
inelastic lepton scattering. The difference of the QCD
Coulomb-like phases in different orbital states of the proton
produces a single proton spin asymmetry.} \label{SSA}
\end{figure} The final-state interaction mechanism provides an appealing physical
explanation within QCD of single-spin asymmetries. Physically, the
final-state interaction phase arises as the infrared-finite
difference of QCD Coulomb phases for hadron wave functions with
differing orbital angular momentum. An elegant discussion of the
Sivers effect including its sign has been given by
Burkardt~\cite{Burkardt:2004vm}. As shown by Gardner and
myself~\cite{Brodsky:2006ha}, one can also use the Sivers effect to
study the orbital angular momentum of gluons by tagging a gluon jet
in semi-inclusive DIS. In this case, the final-state interactions
are enhanced by the large color charge of the gluons.
The final-state interaction effects can also be identified with the
gauge link which is present in the gauge-invariant definition of
parton distributions~\cite{Collins:2004nx}. Even when the
light-cone gauge is chosen, a transverse gauge link is required.
Thus in any gauge the parton amplitudes need to be augmented by an
additional eikonal factor incorporating the final-state interaction
and its phase~\cite{Ji:2002aa,Belitsky:2002sm}. The net effect is
that it is possible to define transverse momentum dependent parton
distribution functions which contain the effect of the QCD
final-state interactions.
A related analysis also predicts that the initial-state interactions
from gluon exchange between the incoming quark and the target
spectator system lead to leading-twist single-spin asymmetries in
the Drell-Yan process\linebreak
$H_1 H_2^\updownarrow \to \ell^+ \ell^- X$
\cite{Collins:2002kn,Brodsky:2002rv}. Initial-state interactions also lead
to a $\cos 2 \phi$ planar correlation in unpolarized Drell-Yan
reactions \cite{Boer:2002ju}.
\section{Diffractive Deep Inelastic Scattering}
A remarkable feature of deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering at
HERA is that approximately 10\% events are
diffractive~\cite{Adloff:1997sc,Breitweg:1998gc}: the target proton
remains intact, and there is a large rapidity gap between the proton
and the other hadrons in the final state. These diffractive deep
inelastic scattering (DDIS) events can be understood most simply
from the perspective of the color-dipole model: the $q \bar q$ Fock
state of the high-energy virtual photon diffractively dissociates
into a diffractive dijet system. The exchange of multiple gluons
between the color dipole of the $q \bar q$ and the quarks of the
target proton neutralizes the color separation and leads to the
diffractive final state. The same multiple gluon exchange also
controls diffractive vector meson electroproduction at large photon
virtuality~\cite{Brodsky:1994kf}. This observation presents a
paradox: if one chooses the conventional parton model frame where
the photon light-front momentum is negative $q+ = q^0 + q^z < 0$,
the virtual photon interacts with a quark constituent with
light-cone momentum fraction $x = {k^+/p^+} = x_{bj}$. Furthermore,
the gauge link associated with the struck quark (the Wilson line)
becomes unity in light-cone gauge $A^+=0$. Thus the struck
``current" quark apparently experiences no final-state interactions.
Since the light-front wavefunctions $\psi_n(x_i,k_{\perp i})$ of a
stable hadron are real, it appears impossible to generate the
required imaginary phase associated with pomeron exchange, let alone
large rapidity gaps.
This paradox was resolved by Paul Hoyer, Nils Marchal, Stephane
Peigne, Francesco Sannino and myself~\cite{Brodsky:2002ue}. Consider
the case where the virtual photon interacts with a strange
quark---the $s \bar s$ pair is assumed to be produced in the target
by gluon splitting. In the case of Feynman gauge, the struck $s$
quark continues to interact in the final state via gluon exchange as
described by the Wilson line. The final-state interactions occur at
a light-cone time $\Delta\tau \simeq 1/\nu$ shortly after the
virtual photon interacts with the struck quark. When one integrates
over the nearly-on-shell intermediate state, the amplitude acquires
an imaginary part. Thus the rescattering of the quark produces a
separated color-singlet $s \bar s$ and an imaginary phase. In the
case of the light-cone gauge $A^+ = \eta \cdot A =0$, one must also
consider the final-state interactions of the (unstruck) $\bar s$
quark. The gluon propagator in light-cone gauge $d_{LC}^{\mu\nu}(k)
= (i/k^2+ i \epsilon)\left[-g^{\mu\nu}+\left(\eta^\mu k^\nu+
k^\mu\eta^\nu / \eta\cdot k\right)\right] $ is singular at $k^+ =
\eta\cdot k = 0$. The momentum of the exchanged gluon $k^+$ is of $
\mathcal{ O}{(1/\nu)}$; thus rescattering contributes at leading
twist even in light-cone gauge. The net result is gauge invariant
and is identical to the color dipole model calculation. The
calculation of the rescattering effects on DIS in Feynman and
light-cone gauge through three loops is given in detail for an
Abelian model in the references~\cite{Brodsky:2002ue}. The result
shows that the rescattering corrections reduce the magnitude of the
DIS cross section in analogy to nuclear shadowing.
A new understanding of the role of final-state interactions in deep
inelastic scattering has thus emerged. The multiple scattering of
the struck parton via instantaneous interactions in the target
generates dominantly imaginary diffractive amplitudes, giving rise
to an effective ``hard pomeron" exchange. The presence of a
rapidity gap between the target and diffractive system requires that
the target remnant emerges in a color-singlet state; this is made
possible in any gauge by the soft rescattering. The resulting
diffractive contributions leave the target intact and do not
resolve its quark structure; thus there are contributions to the DIS
structure functions which cannot be interpreted as parton
probabilities~\cite{Brodsky:2002ue}; the leading-twist contribution
to DIS from rescattering of a quark in the target is a coherent
effect which is not included in the light-front wave functions
computed in isolation. One can augment the light-front wave
functions with a gauge link corresponding to an external field
created by the virtual photon $q \bar q$ pair
current~\cite{Belitsky:2002sm,Collins:2004nx}. Such a gauge link
is process dependent~\cite{Collins:2002kn}, so the resulting
augmented LFWFs are not
universal~\cite{Belitsky:2002sm,Brodsky:2002ue,Collins:2003fm}. We
also note that the shadowing of nuclear structure functions is due
to the destructive interference between multi-nucleon amplitudes
involving diffractive DIS and on-shell intermediate states with a
complex phase. In contrast, the wave function of a stable target is
strictly real since it does not have on-energy-shell intermediate
state configurations. The physics of rescattering and shadowing is
thus not included in the nuclear light-front wave functions, and a
probabilistic interpretation of the nuclear DIS cross section is
precluded.
Rikard Enberg, Paul Hoyer, Gunnar Ingelman and
I~\cite{Brodsky:2004hi} have shown that the quark structure function
of the effective hard pomeron has the same form as the quark
contribution of the gluon structure function. The hard pomeron is
not an intrinsic part of the proton; rather it must be considered as
a dynamical effect of the lepton-proton interaction. Our QCD-based
picture also applies to diffraction in hadron-initiated processes.
The rescattering is different in virtual photon- and hadron-induced
processes due to the different color environment, which accounts for
the observed non-universality of diffractive parton distributions.
This framework also provides a theoretical basis for the
phenomenologically successful Soft Color Interaction(SCI)
model~\cite{Edin:1995gi}which includes rescattering effects and thus
generates a variety of final states with rapidity gaps.
The phase structure of hadron matrix elements is thus an essential
feature of hadron dynamics. Although the LFWFs are real for a stable
hadron, they acquire phases from initial state and final state
interactions. In addition, the violation of $CP$ invariance leads
to a specific phase structure of the LFWFs. Dae Sung Hwang, Susan
Gardner and I~\cite{Brodsky:2006ez} have shown that this in turn
leads to the electric dipole moment of the hadron and a general
relation between the edm and anomalous magnetic moment Fock state by
Fock state.
There are also leading-twist diffractive contributions $\gamma^*
N_1 \to (q \bar q) N_1$ arising from Reggeon exchanges in the
$t$-channel~\cite{Brodsky:1989qz}. For example,
isospin--non-singlet $C=+$ Reggeons contribute to the difference of
proton and neutron structure functions, giving the characteristic
Kuti-Weisskopf $F_{2p} - F_{2n} \sim x^{1-\alpha_R(0)} \sim x^{0.5}$
behavior at small $x$. The $x$ dependence of the structure functions
reflects the Regge behavior $\nu^{\alpha_R(0)} $ of the virtual
Compton amplitude at fixed $Q^2$ and $t=0$. The phase of the
diffractive amplitude is determined by analyticity and crossing to
be proportional to $-1+ i$ for $\alpha_R=0.5,$ which together with
the phase from the Glauber cut, leads to {\it constructive}
interference of the diffractive and nondiffractive multi-step
nuclear amplitudes. Furthermore, because of its $x$ dependence, the
nuclear structure function is enhanced precisely in the domain $0.1
< x <0.2$ where antishadowing is empirically observed. The strength
of the Reggeon amplitudes is fixed by the fits to the nucleon
structure functions, so there is little model dependence.
Ivan Schmidt, Jian-Jun Yang, and
I~\cite{Brodsky:2004qa} have applied this analysis to the shadowing
and antishadowing of all of the electroweak structure functions.
Quarks of different flavors will couple to different Reggeons; this
leads to the remarkable prediction that nuclear antishadowing is not
universal; it depends on the quantum numbers of the struck quark.
This picture leads to substantially different antishadowing for
charged and neutral current reactions, thus affecting the extraction
of the weak-mixing angle $\theta_W$. We find that part of the
anomalous NuTeV result~\cite{Zeller:2001hh} for $\theta_W$ could be
due to the non-universality of nuclear antishadowing for charged and
neutral currents. Detailed measurements of the nuclear dependence of
individual quark structure functions are thus needed to establish
the distinctive phenomenology of shadowing and antishadowing and to
make the NuTeV results definitive. Antishadowing can also depend
on the target and beam polarization.
\section{The Conformal Approximation to QCD}
One of the most interesting recent developments in hadron physics
has been the use of Anti-de Sitter space holographic methods in
order to obtain a first approximation to nonperturbative QCD. The
essential principle underlying the AdS/CFT approach to conformal
gauge theories is the isomorphism of the group of Poincare' and
conformal transformations $SO(2,4)$ to the group of isometries of
Anti-de Sitter space. The AdS metric is
\[ds^2 = {R^2\over z^2}(\eta^{\mu \nu} dx_\mu
dx^\mu - dz^2),\]which is invariant under scale changes of the
coordinate in the fifth dimension $z \to \lambda z$ and $ dx_\mu \to
\lambda dx_\mu$. Thus one can match scale transformations of the
theory in $3+1$ physical space-time to scale transformations in the
fifth dimension $z$. The amplitude $\phi(z)$ represents the
extension of the hadron into the fifth dimension. The behavior of
$\phi(z) \to z^\Delta$ at $z \to 0$ must match the twist-dimension
of the hadron at short distances $x^2 \to 0$. As shown by
Polchinski and Strassler~\cite{Polchinski:2001tt}, one can simulate
confinement by imposing the condition $\phi(z = z_0 ={1\over
\Lambda_{QCD}})$. This approach, has been successful in reproducing
general properties of scattering processes of QCD bound
states~\cite{Polchinski:2001tt,Brodsky:2003px}, the low-lying hadron
spectra~\cite{deTeramond:2005su,Erlich:2005qh}, hadron couplings and
chiral symmetry breaking~\cite{Erlich:2005qh,Hong:2005np}, quark
potentials in confining backgrounds~\cite{Boschi-Filho:2005mw} and
pomeron physics~\cite{Brower-Polchisnki}.
It was originally believed that the AdS/CFT mathematical tool could
only be applicable to strictly conformal theories such as
$\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetry. However, if one considers a
semi-classical approximation to QCD with massless quarks and without
particle creation or absorption, then the resulting $\beta$ function
is zero, the coupling is constant, and the approximate theory is
scale and conformal invariant. Conformal symmetry is of course
broken in physical QCD; nevertheless, one can use conformal symmetry
as a {\it template}, systematically correcting for its nonzero
$\beta$ function as well as higher-twist effects. For example,
``commensurate scale relations"~\cite{Brodsky:1994eh}which relate
QCD observables to each other, such as the generalized Crewther
relation~\cite{Brodsky:1995tb}, have no renormalization scale or
scheme ambiguity and retain a convergent perturbative structure
which reflects the underlying conformal symmetry of the classical
theory. In general, the scale is set such that one has the correct
analytic behavior at the heavy particle
thresholds~\cite{Brodsky:1982gc}.
In a confining theory where gluons have an effective mass, all
vacuum polarization corrections to the gluon self-energy decouple at
long wavelength. Theoretical~\cite{Alkofer:2004it} and
phenomenological~\cite{Brodsky:2002nb} evidence is in fact
accumulating that QCD couplings based on physical observables such
as $\tau$ decay~\cite{Brodsky:1998ua} become constant at small
virtuality;{\em i.e.}, effective charges develop an infrared fixed
point in contradiction to the usual assumption of singular growth in
the infrared. The near-constant behavior of effective couplings also
suggests that QCD can be approximated as a conformal theory even at
relatively small momentum transfer. The importance of using an
analytic effective charge~\cite{Brodsky:1998mf} such as the pinch
scheme~\cite{Binger:2006sj,Cornwall:1989gv} for unifying the
electroweak and strong couplings and forces is also
important~\cite{Binger:2003by}. Thus conformal symmetry is a useful
first approximant even for physical QCD.
\begin{figure*}
\includegraphics{8694A14.eps}
\vspace{1.5cm
\caption{Predictions for the light baryon orbital spectrum for
$\Lambda_{QCD}$ = 0.25 GeV. The $\bf 56$ trajectory corresponds to
$L$ even $P=+$ states, and the $\bf 70$ to $L$ odd $P=-$ states.}
\label{fig:BaryonSpec}
\end{figure*}
\section{Hadronic Spectra in AdS/QCD}
Guy de T\'eramond and I~\cite{Brodsky:2006uq,deTeramond:2005su} have
recently shown how a holographic model based on truncated AdS space
can be used to obtain the hadronic spectrum of light quark $q \bar
q, qqq$ and $gg$ bound states. Specific hadrons are identified by
the correspondence of the amplitude in the fifth dimension with the
twist-dimension of the interpolating operator for the hadron's
valence Fock state, including its orbital angular momentum
excitations. An interesting aspect of our approach is to show that
the mass parameter $\mu R$ which appears in the string theory in the
fifth dimension is quantized, and that it appears as a Casimir
constant governing the orbital angular momentum of the hadronic
constituents analogous to $L(L+1)$ in the radial Schr\"odinger
equation.
As an example, the set of three-quark baryons with spin 1/2 and
higher is described in AdS/CFT by the Dirac equation in the fifth
dimension~\cite{Brodsky:2006uq}
\begin{equation}
\left[z^2~ \partial_z^2 - 3 z~ \partial_z + z^2 \mathcal{M}^2 -
\mathcal{L}_\pm^2 + 4\right] \psi_\pm(z) = 0.
\end{equation}
The constants $\mathcal{L}_+ = L + 1$, $\mathcal{L}_- = L + 2$ in
this equation are Casimir constants which are determined to match
the twist dimension of the solutions with arbitrary relative orbital
angular momentum. The solution is\begin{equation}
\label{eq:DiracAdS} \Psi(x,z) = C e^{-i P \cdot x} \left[\psi(z)_+~
u_+(P) + \psi(z)_-~ u_-(P) \right],
\end{equation}with $\psi_+(z) = z^2 J_{1+L}(z \mathcal{M})$ and $\psi_-(z) = z^2
J_{2+L}(z \mathcal{M})$. The physical string solutions have plane
waves and chiral spinors $u(P)_\pm$ along the Poincar\'e coordinates
and hadronic invariant mass states given by $P_\mu P^\mu =
\mathcal{M}^2$. A discrete four-dimensional spectrum follows when
we impose the boundary condition $\psi_\pm(z=1/\Lambda_{\rm QCD}) =
0$. One has $\mathcal{M}_{\alpha, k}^+ = \beta_{\alpha,k}
\Lambda_{\rm QCD},$ $\mathcal{M}_{\alpha, k}^- = \beta_{\alpha +
1,k} \Lambda_{\rm QCD}$, with a scale-independent mass
ratio~\cite{deTeramond:2005su}. The $\beta_{\alpha,k}$ are the first
zeros of the Bessel eigenfunctions.
Figure \ref{fig:BaryonSpec}(a) shows the predicted orbital spectrum
of the nucleon states and Fig.~\ref{fig:BaryonSpec}(b) the $\Delta$
orbital resonances. The spin 3/2 trajectories are determined from
the corresponding Rarita-Schwinger equation. The data for the
baryon spectra are from S. Eidelman {\em et
al.}~\cite{Eidelman:2004wy}. The internal parity of states is
determined from the SU(6) spin-flavor symmetry.
Since only one parameter, the QCD mass scale $\Lambda_{QCD}$, is
introduced, the agreement with the pattern of physical states is
remarkable. In particular, the ratio of $\Delta$ to nucleon
trajectories is determined by the ratio of zeros of Bessel
functions. The predicted mass spectrum in the truncated space model
is linear $M \propto L$ at high orbital angular momentum, in
contrast to the quadratic dependence $M^2 \propto L$ in the usual
Regge parametrization.
Our approach shows that there is an exact correspondence between
the fifth-dimensional coordinate of anti-de Sitter space $z$ and a
specific impact variable $\zeta$ in the light-front formalism which
measures the separation of the constituents within the hadron in
ordinary space-time. The amplitude $\Phi(z)$ describing the
hadronic state in $\rm{AdS}_5$ can be precisely mapped to the
light-front wavefunctions $\psi_{n/h}$ of hadrons in physical
space-time\cite{Brodsky:2006uq}, thus providing a relativistic
description of hadrons in QCD at the amplitude level. We derived
this correspondence by noticing that the mapping of $z \to \zeta$
analytically transforms the expression for the form factors in
AdS/CFT to the exact Drell-Yan-West expression in terms of
light-front wavefunctions. In the case of a two-parton constituent
bound state the correspondence between the string amplitude
$\Phi(z)$ and the light-front wave function
$\widetilde\psi(x,\mathbf{b})$ is expressed in closed
form~\cite{Brodsky:2006uq}
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Phipsi}
\left\vert\widetilde\psi(x,\zeta)\right\vert^2 = \frac{R^3}{2 \pi}
~x(1-x)~ e^{3 A(\zeta)}~ \frac{\left\vert
\Phi(\zeta)\right\vert^2}{\zeta^4},
\end{equation}
where $\zeta^2 = x(1-x) \mathbf{b}_\perp^2$. Here $b_\perp$ is the
impact separation and Fourier conjugate to $k_\perp$. The variable
$\zeta$, $0 \le \zeta \le \Lambda^{-1}_{\rm QCD}$, represents the
invariant separation between point-like constituents, and it is also
the holographic variable $z$ in AdS; {\em i.e.}, we can identify
$\zeta = z$. The prediction for the meson light-front wavefunction
is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:MesonLFWF}. We can also transform the
equation of motion in the fifth dimension using the $z$ to $\zeta$
mapping to obtain an effective two-particle light-front radial
equation
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:Scheq} \left[-\frac{d^2}{d \zeta^2} + V(\zeta) \right]
\phi(\zeta) = \mathcal{M}^2 \phi(\zeta),
\end{equation}
with the effective potential $V(\zeta) \to - (1-4 L^2)/4\zeta^2$ in
the conformal limit. The solution to (\ref{eq:Scheq}) is $\phi(z) =
z^{-\frac{3}{2}} \Phi(z) = C z^\frac{1}{2} J_L(z \mathcal{M})$. This
equation reproduces the AdS/CFT\linebreak
solutions. The lowest stable state
is determined by the\linebreak
Breitenlohner-Freedman
bound~\cite{Breitenlohner:1982jf} and its eigenvalues by the boundary
conditions at $\phi(z = 1/\Lambda_{\rm QCD}) = 0$ and given in terms
of the roots of the Bessel functions: $\mathcal{M}_{L,k} =
\beta_{L,k} \Lambda_{\rm QCD}$. Normalized LFWFs follow from
(\ref{eq:Phipsi})
\begin{equation}
\widetilde \psi_{L,k}(x, \zeta) = B_{L,k} \sqrt{x(1-x)} J_L
\left(\zeta \beta_{L,k} \Lambda_{\rm QCD}\right) \theta\big(z \le
\Lambda^{-1}_{\rm QCD}\big),
\end{equation}
where $B_{L,k} = \pi^{-\frac{1}{2}} {\Lambda_{\rm QCD}} \
J_{1+L}(\beta_{L,k})$. The resulting wavefunctions (see:
Fig.~\ref{fig:MesonLFWF}) display confinement at large inter-quark
separation and conformal symmetry at short distances, reproducing
dimensional counting rules for hard exclusive processes in agreement
with perturbative QCD.
\begin{figure}
\resizebox{0.50\textwidth}{!}{%
\includegraphics{8721A12C.eps}
}
\caption{AdS/QCD Predictions for the $L=0$ and $L=1$ LFWFs of a
meson}
\label{fig:MesonLFWF}
\end{figure}
The hadron form factors can be predicted from overlap integrals in
AdS space or equivalently by using the Drell-Yan-West formula in
physical space-time. The prediction for the pion form factor is
shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:PionFF}. The form factor at high $Q^2$
receives contributions from small $\zeta$, corresponding to small
$\vec b_\perp = {\cal O}(1/Q)$ ( high relative $\vec k_\perp = {\cal
O}(Q)$ as well as $x \to 1$. The AdS/CFT dynamics is thus distinct
from endpoint models~\cite{Radyushkin:2006iz} in which the LFWF is
evaluated solely at small transverse momentum or large impact
separation.
The $x \to 1$ endpoint domain is often referred to as a "soft" Feynman contribution.
In fact $x \to 1$ for the struck quark requires that all of the spectators have $x = k^+/P^+ = (k^0+ k^z)/P^+ \to 0$; this in turn requires high longitudinal momenta $k^z \to - \infty$ for all spectators -- unless one has both massless spectator quarks $m \equiv 0$ with zero transverse momentum $k_\perp \equiv 0$, which is a regime of measure zero.
If one uses a covariant formalism, such as the Bethe-Salpeter theory, then the virtuality of the struck quark becomes infinitely spacelike: $k^2_F \sim - {k^2_\perp + m^2\over 1-x}$ in the endpoint domain.
Thus, actually, $x \to 1$ corresponds to high relative longitudinal momentum; it is as hard a domain in the hadron wavefunction as high transverse momentum.
It is also interesting to note that the distribution amplitude
predicted by AdS/CFT at the hadronic scale is $\phi_\pi(x, Q ) =
{4\over \sqrt 3 \pi} f_\pi \sqrt{x(1-x)}$ from both the harmonic
oscillator and truncated space models is quite different than the
asymptotic distribution amplitude predicted from the PQCD
evolution~\cite{Lepage:1979zb} of the pion distribution amplitude
$\phi_\pi(x,Q \to \infty)= \sqrt 3 f_\pi x(1-x) $. The broader
shape of the pion distribution increases the magnitude of the
leading twist perturbative QCD prediction for the pion form factor
by a factor of $16/9$ compared to the prediction based on the
asymptotic form, bringing the PQCD prediction close to the
empirical pion form factor~\cite{Choi:2006ha}.
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics{PionFF.eps}
\vspace{1cm}
\caption{AdS/QCD Predictions for the pion form factor.}
\label{fig:PionFF}
\end{figure}
Since they are complete and orthonormal, the AdS/CFT model
wavefunctions can be used as an initial ansatz for a variational
treatment or as a basis for the diagonalization of the light-front
QCD Hamiltonian. We are now in fact investigating this possibility
with J. Vary and A. Harindranath. The wavefunctions predicted by
AdS/QCD have many phenomenological applications ranging from
exclusive $B$ and $D$ decays, deeply virtual Compton scattering and
exclusive reactions such as form factors, two-photon processes, and
two body scattering. A connection between the theories and tools
used in string theory and the fundamental constituents of matter,
quarks and gluons, has thus been found.
The application of AdS/CFT to QCD phenomenology is now being
developed in many new directions, incorporating finite quark masses,
chiral symmetry breaking, asymptotic freedom, and finite temperature
effects. Some recent papers are given in refs.
\cite{Evans:2006ea,Kim:2006ut,Csaki:2006ji,Erdmenger:2006bg,Boschi-Filho:2006pt,Evans:2006dj,Harada:2006di,Horowitz:2006ct,Klebanov:2005mh,Shuryak:2006yx}.
\bigskip
\noindent{\bf Acknowledgments}
\vspace{4pt}Work supported by the Department of Energy under
contract number DE--AC02--76SF00515. The AdS/CFT results reported
here were done in collaboration with Guy de T\'eramond.
\bigskip
\bigskip
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaArXiv"
} |
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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Sam Walsh is Chief Executive Officer of Rio Tinto Group. He is recognised as one of Australia's most successful international business leaders. His continuous contributions and leadership in business globally and his service to the mining industry in particular is extraordinary. Sam joined Rio Tinto in 1991, and has held numerous senior positions within the Group, including Chief Executive of the aluminum business and, from 2004, Chief Executive of the iron ore business, Rio Tinto's largest division, where he was responsible for rapid growth through mine expansions and major infrastructure developments. As Chief Executive of Rio Tinto Group, Sam has driven a substantive transformation agenda, reshaping the Group's portfolio on core businesses and enhancing its capital allocation processes. In addition, Sam has overseen the delivery of major projects, including the expansion of iron ore capacity in the Pilbara, as well as the first shipments from the Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold mine in Mongolia. Prior to joining the Rio Tinto, Sam spent 20 years in the automotive industry and held senior roles at General Motors and Nissan Australia. Sam is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Management, the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, the Australian Academy of Technical Sciences and Engineering, and the Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply. As a strong supporter of the arts, Sam held a number of senior positions in community and business organisations as well as participated in various government-led initiatives while based in Australia. Sam was conferred with honorary life membership of the Western Australian Chamber of Arts and Culture and was appointed as roving Ambassador for the Chamber in 2013. Sam also became the inaugural recipient of the Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply's CEO Procurement Champion Award in 2013. In 2012, he was awarded a Gold Medal by the Australia Institute of Company Directors. In 2011, he was recognised with the Richard Pratt Business Arts Leadership Award in Australia. In 2010, in recognition of his distinguished contribution to business and the community, Sam was appointed as an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia and awarded an Honorary Doctor of Commerce by Edith Cowan University. In 2007, Sam was named Western Australia Citizen of the Year - Industry & Commerce, and an Australia Export Hero.
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Q: Python Memory Management Issue I have a question about memory management for a specific piece of python code that I have. Here is the code
def combo_counter(file_path,title_body,validation=None,val_set=None,val_number=None):
combo_count={}
counter=0
with open(file_path+"/Train.csv") as r:
reader=csv.reader(r)
next(r)
if title_body=='body':
for row in reader:
if (validation is not None) and ((int(row[0])>val_set[0]) and (int(row[0])<val_set[-1])):
continue
counter+=1
if counter%10000==0:
print counter
no_stops=body_parser(row)
a=' '.join(no_stops)
b=row[3]
for x, y in product(a.split(), b.split()):
if x+" "+y in combo_count:
combo_count[x+" "+y]+=1
else:
combo_count[x+" "+y]=1
return combo_count
def body_parser(row):
soup=BS(row[2],'html')
for tag in soup.findAll(True):
if tag.name in bad_tags:
tag.extract()
code_removed=soup.renderContents()
tags_removed=re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', code_removed)
parse_punct=re.findall(r"[\w+#]+(?:[-'][\w+#]+)*|'|[-.(]+|\S[\w+#]*",tags_removed)
no_punct=' '.join(w.lower() for w in parse_punct if w not in string.punctuation)
no_stops=[b for b in no_punct.split(' ') if not b in stops]
return no_stops
So basically I am reading a csv file line-by-line and parsing each line and then counting co-occurrances using a dictionary called combo_count. The problem is that the dictionary, once exported, is only about 1.2GB however when I run this code, it uses much more memory than this. But the only thing that I can see that would use up a substantial amount of memory is the dictionary. I suspect that something is using up memory that it shouldn't be. After each row is processed, everything should be erased from memory except the counting dictionary. Can anyone see anything in the code that would be using up memory aside from the dictionary? I suspect that it is somewhere in the body_parser function.
A: @user
You can use python's memory_profiler to check which variable is using more memory and never releasing it.
This add-on provides the decorator @profile that allows one to monitor one specific function memory usage. It is extremely simple to use.
import copy
import memory_profiler
@profile
def function():
x = list(range(1000000)) # allocate a big list
y = copy.deepcopy(x)
del x
return y
if __name__ == "__main__":
function()
To invoke it:
python -m memory_profiler memory-profile-me.py
This will print output similar to below:
Line # Mem usage Increment Line Contents
================================================
4 @profile
5 9.11 MB 0.00 MB def function():
6 40.05 MB 30.94 MB x = list(range(1000000)) # allocate a big list
7 89.73 MB 49.68 MB y = copy.deepcopy(x)
8 82.10 MB -7.63 MB del x
9 82.10 MB 0.00 MB return y
Even, detail explanation of the same is given at: http://deeplearning.net/software/theano/tutorial/python-memory-management.html
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} |
Our dog got bit by a rattle snake. This has given us pause to really look at our home medical set up.
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Think it can't happen to you? Think again. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Q: Convert XML which has '\n' in content to JSON with keeping \n as it is rather than converting to \\n I have a XML in string format:
<root>
<tag1>data1</tag1>
content1\n\n\n<tag2>data2</tag2>content2
I m converting it to json using XML.toJSONObject() to get json as passing string in this function
{root:{"tag1":"data1","tag2":"data2","content":["content1\\n\\n\\n","content2"]};
I want to send the JSON in reply but since it has \\n it is creating an issue in the frontend since it is showing \n instead of newLine. How to keep it as \n in content. I m ready to create new JSON after reading the existing JSON but don't have option of using any other xmltojson converter.
PS: I have tried replaceAll() in the content array after converting it to string but it is not working as expected. I m open to suggestions on this way as well.
For this, I have put content in a string as follows:
JSONArray cliArr=((JSONObject)xmlToJsonTree.get("root")).getJSONArray("content");
for (int i = 0; i < cliArr.length(); i++) {
cli=cli+cliArr.get(i);
}
cli=cli.replaceAll("\\\\n", "\\n");
I also have tried "cli=cli.replaceAll("\n", "n");
I planned to put the about cli String in JSON but I m unable to replace \n as already discussed.
A: Underscore-java library has a staric method U.xmlToJson(xml).
<root>
<tag1>data1</tag1>
content1\n\n\n<tag2>data2</tag2>content2</root>
{
"root": {
"tag1": "data1",
"#text": "\n content1\\n\\n\\n",
"tag2": "data2",
"#text1": "content2"
},
"#omit-xml-declaration": "yes"
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} |
KINGSTON, Jamaica, Friday November 29, 2013, CMC – President of the Jamaica Administrative Athletics Association (JAAA), Dr Warren Blake, has robustly defended Jamaican athletes following threats by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).
WADA claims that not enough was being done by the island's track and field officials to deal with drug use in the sport.
"Our athletes are the most tested in the world, as prior to the London Olympic Games, some 125 drug testing was done on our elite athletes by the IAAF," said Dr.Blake while delivering his presidential report at the JAAA's annual general meeting in Kingston on Tuesday.
" … while WADA was not doing enough, the IAAF was extensively testing our athletes and our athletes are tested more than any other athletes in the world".
Dr.Blake's defence is similar to that mounted by Lamine Diack, president of the sport's world governing body – the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) .
Diack had noted the high number of drug testing done on the nation's athletes in the face of criticisms by WADA.
"When you look at the performances of our athletes since this extensive drug testing by the IAAF it is the best medal haul we have had in major competition in our history."said Dr.Blake.
WADA's criticisms were sparked by a report published by former Jamaica Anti-Doping Commission (JADCO) executive director, Renee Anne Shirley, claiming discrepancies in the island's out-of-competition testing of its athletes. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
It's just not "wars".. it's old age also and accidents.
The latest prosthetic tech isn't cheap. A dumb knee or arm is a mere pittance compared to the latest bells and whistles tech prosthetics. Yes, they do more and are worth it, IMO. However, to give them to some old gaffer in a wheelchair who won't walk or use the limb is ridiculous in the least. I don't know how the NHS handles this but here in the States, a mere prescription entitles anyone to get one if they are an amputee.
My wife is a leg amputee and to get a good leg and knee is outrageously expensive. We both know too many people who consider the high tech limbs a "status symbol" only. It's just one of the problems with medicine and cost.
Then there's the cost of the "latest and greatest" medications... again, some are considered status symbols. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Indre Missions Tidende (IMT) er et tidsskrift for foreningen Indre Mission. IMT udkommer hver anden uge og rummer nyheder om kirker i ind- og udland samt kirkelige debatter og artikler om livsnære temaer.
Indre Missions Tidende udkom første gang i 1854 under redaktør Peder Sørensen. Vilhem Beck var redaktør og den største leder i Indre Missions tidlige år. Han var redaktør af IMT fra 1862 til 1901 og fik øget abonnenttallet fra 144 til 16.050.
I dag går bladet under en ny overskrift, Impuls, men Indre Missions Tidende er stadigvæk bevaret i navnet
Noter
Eksterne henvisninger
Indre Missions Tidende – hjemmeside for Indre Missions Tidende
Indre Mission – hjemmeside for Indre Mission
Tidsskrifter fra Danmark
Etableret i 1854
Tidende | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
(this is a closed league - please view Related Leagues)
WBLA Home
Washington High School Boys Lacrosse > 2014 WHSBLA Varsity > Player History
Bailey Kallio
Team Klahowya Pos m
Jersey 21 Notes
Stats as a Player
Game Pts G A GB GP
3/15/2014 (L vs Vashon) 0 0 0 0 1
3/26/2014 (W vs Stadium) 0 0 0 2 1
4/9/2014 (W vs Gig Harbor) 0 0 0 1 1
4/12/2014 (L at Emerald Ridge-Puyallup) 0 0 0 1 1
4/19/2014 (L at Tahoma) 0 0 0 0 1
4/23/2014 (W vs Port Angeles) 0 0 0 0 1
4/26/2014 (W vs North Kitsap) 0 0 0 4 1
5/8/2014 (W at South Kitsap) 0 0 0 3 1
5/10/2014 (L vs Auburn Riverside) 0 0 0 0 1
5/24/2014 (Pla L at King's Way) 0 0 0 2 1
Regular Season Totals as a Player: 0 0 0 11 9
Playoff Totals as a Player: 0 0 0 2 1
Stats as a Goalie
Game Min GA Saves GAA Sv% Shots Result GP
Sorry, no games played as Goalie
WBLA website
Contact WBLA
narrow | wide | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia
Author/Editor Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari
Published By University of Minnesota Press
Artist: Tishan Hsu
b.1951, Boston, MA
Lives and works in New York, NY
Book Title: A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia
Author: Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari
A Thousand Plateaus continues the work Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari began in Anti-Oedipus and has now become established as one of the classic studies of the development of critical theory in the late twentieth century. It occupies an important place at the center of the debate reassessing the works of Freud and Marx, advancing an approach that is neither Freudian nor Marxist but which learns from both to find an entirely new and radical path. It presents an attempt to pioneer a variety of social and psychological analyses free of the philosophical encumbrances criticized by postmodern writers. A Thousand Plateaus is an essential text for feminists, literary theorists, social scientists, philosophers, and others interested in the problems of contemporary Western culture.
Dialogues in Public Art
by Tom Finkelpearl
Huang Rui: Space Structure 1983-1986, 黃銳:空間結構 1983-1986
Self Image: Woman Art in China (1920-2010)
Serve the People: The Asian American Movement in New York
by Ryan Wong
Double Take: Zhang Hongtu and Casey Tang
PHOTOLOGUE: AAA-MoMA NY Co-launch
AAA in A, '09-'21, Museum of Modern Art
What the Butterfly Dragon Taught Me: Dimensional Stories in Paper
PAPER AND PROCESS 3: RICHARD TSAO Fallen Leaves
January 15, 2022 – February 26, 2022
dawn_chorusiii: the fruit they don't have here
December 3, 2021 – January 29, 2022
THE CHINESE LADY
February 23, 2022 – March 27, 2022 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Raising your revenue by understanding What to search hedgefinity scam for to maintain you out of Multi level marketing Schemes!
Fantastic information! Many of these items are almost certainly real. Mlm techniques are not that significantly diverse than some other business. It's HOW They can be MANAGED that established them aside!
Multi-level marketing strategies typically start out by nicely that means company persons, just accomplishing the things they can. This particular kind of advertising and marketing provides a significant failure fee. I blame this primary and foremost around the incontrovertible fact that people soar in also quickly, expecting to be wealthy beyond their capabilities. Shortly on the other hand, they really feel inadequate and annoyed, and they stop, joining the 97% failure level. Instead of finding aid, assistance or mentoring from their up line they only get pressure and pushy profits tips. Their promising venture is currently just a further Mlm plan. I see that a lot of Mlm strategies could have been prevented by not having caught up inside the moment. To prevent these issues, you'll find handful of things that you should glance for when choosing a community promoting business. Generally, by using a minor investigation you may figure out how to stay away from Multi-level marketing schemes and appear for legitimate internet marketing solutions.
The integrity with the business by itself ought to be the first issue you must test out. Integrity is a constant observe of excellent ethical and moral criteria. Issues to check with are: Have they got a high quality products or services? And do they stand driving it? Genuine Network marketing strategies normally do not seriously market nearly anything, above priced or or else. Multilevel marketing schemes which have at the very least started out selling a great products or services, can quite possibly although not likely, with appropriate applications and internet marketing tactics, be turned back into a sound business enterprise. In some cases, the up line mentors in the company, would be the types that, by insufficient suitable teaching modified the businesses into Multi-level marketing ripoffs. Some matters to remember in this article is usually that you'll be able to modify even great Multilevel marketing organizations into Network marketing techniques. Your insufficient the best resources or coaching, can and may mislead your down line. Perhaps not intentionally, but now it also, is just another Multilevel marketing scheme. Corporations with integrity will probably be wanting to correct these problems. Some yet again, may just be misguided initiatives though. Even so, in the event you are in a fraud my tips can be to chop your losses and obtain out. Find a great Multi-level marketing possibility. They are doing exist, just do your investigate.
Yet another issue to examine out is whether or not the distributors or maybe the mentors really train modern-day gross sales or advertising and marketing systems? If a firm helps make its people today put up with via profits together with the outdated fads of the 60's and 70's, their accomplishment is doomed. These providers might be labeled Multi level marketing schemes. For, as I've talked about in other posts, the extraordinary shrinking down line is inevitable using these businesses. Keep in mind, a providers procedures and recommendations will dictate what comes about within the subject. Consequently, you cannot achieve success when the basic construction on the organization you have got preferred to characterize does not have sound operational policies and is not run with integrity. Pick your Multi level marketing meticulously and with considerably study and also you can be effective. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
'We are experimenting on children'
Psychotherapist Bob Withers on the dangers of trans ideology.
Topics Feminism Politics UK
The number of children identifying as transgender is on the rise. Referrals to the NHS's Tavistock Gender Identity Development Service have increased by an astonishing 2,500 per cent in the past nine years. Psychotherapist Bob Withers is concerned that large numbers of children are being transitioned unnecessarily, and that discussion of this phenomenon is being closed down by trans activists. spiked caught up with him to find out more.
spiked: What first made you want to intervene in this debate?
Bob Withers: 25 years ago I had my first ever trans client. Chris had been living as a trans woman for nine years but had decided to de-transition. By that stage, he had lost his penis. Looking back, he felt he identified as a woman for psychological reasons. But he had fallen in with the trans community and got the idea in his head that he needed to transition with surgery. You have to have counselling in order to get the hormones and the surgery, but his friends in the trans community told him what to say.
Most people, including children, who want to transition nowadays are coached online by trans activists. They are told what to tell therapists in order to improve their chances of getting surgery and hormones. Most have already made up their minds that transitioning is the answer to their problems.
But if 10 years down the line, if you find that transitioning does not fix everything, you cannot go back, you have permanently altered your body. And so it became a mission of mine to try to help people like Chris before they have surgery, to work psychologically on the issues that they are actually suffering from.
Boris, Brexit and the Irish border
For instance, when Chris woke up from surgery he said, 'I feel as if all my anger has been cut out', referring to his penis. He identified being male with something aggressive, abhorrent and intolerable. Transitioning for him was a way of trying to resolve his unbearable anger. In the end, he felt that he had been conned by the medical industry for giving him a surgical solution to a psychological problem.
Several years later, I had another case, John, who came to me before having surgery. He wanted me to rubber-stamp his transition. He thought I was transphobic to even ask him about his psychological issues. In one session, I found myself telling him about my previous patient who had regretted the surgery, and I could see his face drop. Half an hour after the session ended, he came back to my consulting room in a psychotic state. He had been out in the world and he thought people were going to attack him.
He clearly had an identity in mind for which he would need surgery to realise. For a moment, I caused him to doubt that identity, and he had a catastrophic collapse in his sense of who he was. He suddenly became aware that transitioning might not actually solve all his problems.
spiked: How does the controversy around trans issues play out in a clinical setting?
#MeToo, Trump and misreading The Handmaid's Tale
Withers: In a clinical setting, we have to work with painful emotional experiences. John had been abused, his mother had broken the family up by going to live with a woman, his father was extremely religious and used to have huge rows with him.
But if you want to open those issues up, you are accused of transphobia. Somebody like John can say, 'I'm really just a woman trapped in a man's body'. But there is no scientific evidence of a biological cause for transgenderism. Nor is there such a thing as a male body with a female brain. But even saying that is considered transphobic.
For me, as a psychotherapist, if we can say that a person's body is one way, but they identify with the opposite gender, then no problem. Let them identify as a woman in a man's body, let them live creatively with it. But if it is causing them real suffering, as a therapist, you have to do something about it.
You can go one of two ways. One way is to alter the body. This is the fashionable option because it is quick and easy in the short term. Patients tend to feel better at first, but many come to regret it. The long-term side effects are largely not known.
The other way is to work on the mind, to ask what caused a patient to identify as trans. But now trans activists are attempting to control our profession, without any proper clinical evidence or understanding of what we do. They have introduced something called the Memorandum of Understanding. It basically conflates the therapy you would give to a person who says they are trans with gay conversion therapy. It could lead to therapists being struck off.
At the end of the therapeutic process, a patient might, for instance, come to understand that he identifies as a woman because his father let him down so badly that he is averse to anything male about himself. If, in therapy, he managed to work through that and reconcile himself with his masculinity, it could now be said that his therapist had practised conversion therapy on him.
But actually, if you work successfully on a patient's mind, who is experiencing these feelings, you reconcile him with his body and his past. You have actually cured something. In my mind, that is a much happier therapeutic outcome. The alternative to this is a lifetime of medical treatment, which is not a real cure – you cannot actually change sex, you can only approximate it.
In my opinion, all this is even more of a problem with young people. Most therapists are frightened of being struck off, so they refer young people to the Tavistock clinic. But they don't get proper therapy there, either – just six sessions of assessment to see if they are gender dysphoric. If they are diagnosed with gender dysphoria, which about 50 per cent are, then they are allowed to go down the medical pathway.
spiked: Are children being unnecessarily transitioned?
Withers: Yes, a lot of them. You cannot tell in advance who is going to benefit from transitioning and who is going to be damaged. About 95 to 100 per cent of people who start on puberty blockers end up transitioning fully. Once you are on the railway it is very difficult to get off it.
But when puberty blockers are withheld, we know that 80 per cent of children start identifying with their biological sex again. So it is clear that we are unnecessarily transitioning children.
On the basis of 'first do no harm', we should be reserving medical treatment until people are fully matured, when they can make a reasonable decision about such a major change. I would even strongly advise that adults have psychotherapy before transitioning, because it might be possible to understand what is driving their trans identification without having to modify the body in such a drastic way.
I think the trans activists, who are encouraging transition, are acting in good faith – they are trying to look after kids. They think back to when they were kids and how they would probably be much happier if they did not have to go through the 'wrong' puberty. But they are giving advice to children which they are not qualified to give. They are not these children's parents or therapists. They may be dealing with a child who is gay and struggling to accept it, or who is struggling with autism or another mental-health issue.
spiked: What role do other mental-health issues play in children who want to transition?
Withers: Body dysmorphia could be an issue here. Between two and three per cent of teenage girls suffer from body dysmorphia. One way this may present itself is through so-called rapid-onset gender dysphoria, where a child announces they are trans out of the blue. This can happen with teenagers when they are struggling with puberty.
It is very difficult to distinguish between body dysmorphic disorder and gender dysphoria. The symptoms are often the same. There are all sorts of ethical and clinical difficulties here which I do not think my profession has really resolved.
A patient once told me that they thought their nose was shaped like a witch's and they had a panic attack everytime they caught sight of it in a mirror. But their nose was not ugly or witchy at all. Really they were having witchy thoughts and feelings which they found frightening. The last thing you would do with a case of body dysmorphia like that would be to operate on the patient's nose, because it would not deal with the underlying problem.
We are following a series of protocols with gender-dysphoric children, who may in fact be body dysmorphic. We may be doing exactly the wrong thing, if that diagnosis is wrong. We are working in the dark, experimenting on children.
Meanwhile, anyone like me, who counsels caution, draws attention to the poor science and lack of research, or gets in the way of this clamour for medical treatment, is called transphobic or bigoted and will likely get shut down.
So far I've been lucky. But I also think the climate is changing. More people are aware that, actually, we need a debate on this because if there is no discussion, how can we decide the right way forward?
Bob Withers was talking to Fraser Myers.
To enquire about republishing spiked's content, a right to reply or to request a correction, please contact the managing editor, Viv Regan.
Tags Health Mental health Parents and kids Q&A Transgender
A new start for Northern Ireland?
Carlton Brick
No tuition fees? No thanks
Alice Bragg
From Corbynista to Conservative voter
Why would anyone commemorate the Black and Tans?
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We have to talk about these Pakistani gangs
Free Speech 2
Turning students into a woke Stasi
Rakib Ehsan
Labour is on the verge of total irrelevance
'Meghan wanted a deferential press – we said no'
The Brendan O'Neill Show | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Your dream of exploring Yosemite National Park is about to come true. Enjoy a guided day tour through the magnificent natural wonder and experience the majestic waterfalls, stunning rock formations, and so much more. This is the perfect way to spend your day in California. Get ready to make memories that will last a lifetime at the beautiful Yosemite National Park.
Your day in Yosemite park includes a guided in-coach tour of Yosemite Valley with our informative and professional guides providing history and insight into one of the earth's best examples of a glaciated valley.
The day begins with a hotel pick-up between 6:15 am and 7:00 am. Heading east across the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge offers great views of the San Francisco skyline, Alcatraz Island, Fisherman's Wharf, and the Golden Gate Bridge. En Route to the park we cross through the Central Valley, where we will stop at a fruit stand for some local produce.
Continuing into the mountains brings us to California gold country and the gold rush town of Groveland before we wind our way into Yosemite National Park. Maps in hand, we begin with a one and a half hour in-coach narrated tour of Yosemite's glaciated valley. You will see famous waterfalls and rock formations including Yosemite Falls—the tallest waterfall in North America—El Capitan, Half Dome, Bridalveil Falls, Sentinel Dome, and much more. During the tour, you will see Yosemite Valley from a number of great vantage points, the best of which is perhaps Inspiration Point. At 4,500 feet above sea level, this viewpoint gives you a commanding view east up the valley. Yosemite is a mecca for rock climbers and the sight of people climbing El Capitan's 3,200 ft. (1000m) the sheer rock face is quite amazing.
Because of our small group size, we can incorporate multiple photos stops into our tour so you can better enjoy your time in the park. After the tour, we stop for the afternoon near the base of Yosemite Falls, where there are a variety of options for lunch (not included). After eating, you will have 3-4 hours of free time to explore the valley as you choose.
You can walk to the base of Yosemite Falls, check out the visitor center, visit the Ansel Adams Gallery, stop in at the Ahwahnee Hotel, rent a cruiser bike, or hike some of the trails that originate from the valley. Although you could spend three weeks in Yosemite, the three hours you get on your own is enough time to understand why Yosemite is one of America's most popular national parks. Regrouping again in the late afternoon, we head for San Francisco, stopping for a short break before arriving back in the city and dropping you at your lodging between 8:30 pm and 9:00 pm.
Have you been to Yosemite National Park Day Tour? Share your knowledge and be the first to review this.
The Yosemite National Park one-day tour is approximately 14-15 hours long.
During the colder months (November through April) it is suggested that guests bring/wear warm outdoor attire such as gloves, a knit hat, and a jacket.
Meals are not included in the tour and guests should bring money to purchase food while at one of the stops. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
KAPLAN – The North Webster Knights gave up the only score of Friday's game with 9:50 to play in the fourth quarter.
On a night where offense was hard, if not impossible, to come by, 8 points proved to be plenty for the Kaplan Pirates, as North Webster's offensive struggles finally caught up with them.
The North Webster defense played as well as anyone could have expected against a Pirates team that came into the game averaging 42 points per game.
The Knights finish the season at 7-5 as co-champions of district 1-3A.
Not bad for a team which came into the season with more questions than answers following the departure of Devin White and a handful of other prominent starters.
It was the final game for another special group of seniors, led by All-Area linebacker/tight end Rico Gonzalez, QB Cameron Huff and defensive tackle Jaylon Bonton. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Q: Exchange reports erroring with "ErrorOverBudget" code In the past hours I started recieving an unknown error from the Exchange online reports API
https://reports.office365.com/ecp/reportingwebservice/reporting.svc
the error:
{"odata.error":{"code":"ErrorOverBudget","message":{"lang":"","value":"The current user is running out of budget of the service."}}}
These errors started happening without any change in our accounts/configuration/licensing/etc.
What is this error?
How can I fix it?
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} |
Q: can we load an external angular site inside another angular site? Site1 and Site2 are built in angularjs. Whether do we have any concept in angularjs (except iframe) to load pages of Site2 inside a div of Site1 ? Incase if you have any examples, please share here. Thanks in advance.
Apart from the html content loaded from a external url (site2) to the source site (site1), there are lot of css and js files included in the site2 screens, whether that will also get loaded ?
A: You can use
1) ngInclude Check documentation for usage
2) ng-bind-html, but you'll have to take care of ngSanitize. You have to put your html content in a special variable that is marked as trusted html. For this you have to use the $sce service.
Hope it helps
A: No need to specific angular tags, you can directly use object tag like this:
<div>
<object type="text/html" data="http://validator.w3.org/" width="800px" height="600px">
</object>
</div>
A: did u tried with <iframe src="http://www.w3schools.com"></iframe>
the below url can help u
Using external url in ng-include in AngularJS
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} |
Designed by famous engineer Conde B. McCullough, the Old Youngs Bay Bridge was completed in 1921 and is situated on the Warrenton Highway in Astoria. An example of a double-leaf, bascule drawspan bridge, its large wood and concrete pylons on both ends is typical McCullough Art Deco style architecture. The bridge operator's houses are located at the bascules. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
St. Mary's School and Asylum was a Catholic girls' school and orphanage in Dedham, Massachusetts.
In 1866 the Sisters of Charity founded the St. Mary's School and Asylum at what was formerly the Norfolk House. The property was sold to them for $1 by Martin Bates who, out of a "spirit of vindictiveness," gave it to the Sisters because the Town of Dedham would not purchase the run down building from him at his asking price. Bates, who was not Catholic, had previously tried selling the building at auction, but could find no buyer willing to pay a price equal to his mortgage. At news of the sale, the Dedham Gazette wrote in an editorial:
Whatever prejudices may naturally exist against the establishment of a Roman Catholic School in so central a location, the community cannot but feel that the transformation of a building recently used only for the indiscriminate sale of liquors into an institution founded for 'promoting virtue, learning and piety in the town of Dedham' is an object worthy only of the most exalted motives, and in this view should be accepted as a public blessing.
Soon after Sister Catherine of Syracuse, New York, Sister Veronica of Troy, New York, and Sister Anselm of Chicago, Illinois, arrived on July 20, 1866, they endeared themselves to the community. One year later, the school was educating 60 girls and was home to 10 orphans. By 1871, the first parochial school in Norfolk County was winning praise in the press for "elevating the foreign class both intellectually and morally."
The school was situated far away from the homes of many parishioners of the local Catholic Church, St. Mary's, and thus they did not send their children to it. Since they did not send their children to it, they did not support it financially either. The school held a number of fundraisers, but with the heavy debt of the parish the school closed on June 27, 1879. It would have cost the parish $1,500 a year to keep it open. The closure was intended to be temporary, but it never reopened. The building was sold in 1905.
The School's superiors included Sisters Mary Ann Alexis, Mary Frances, and Mary Vincent, and its teachers included Sisters Mary Josephine, Mary Martin, Mary Genevieve, Mary Theotina, Mary Victorina, and Mary Vincent, among others.
Notes
References
Works cited
History of Dedham, Massachusetts
1879 disestablishments in Massachusetts
1866 establishments in Massachusetts
Catholic schools in Massachusetts
Sisters of Charity Federation in the Vincentian-Setonian Tradition
Schools in Dedham, Massachusetts | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
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