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### User: Melissa Giblon is a Canadian chess player who holds the position of two-time national champion in the Canadian Youth Chess Championships,. She represented Canada five times within six years at the WYCC (World Youth Chess Championships). In addition, Melissa is a successful debater, and was crowned top speaker of the McGill Central Novice Championships. She is also known for sponsoring Syrian refugees within the York region. Canadian Youth Chess Championship Melissa Giblon has ranked two years as first place in the CYCC, first in 2009 in the U10 category, in 2011 in the U12 category, and then as a top-3finisher four years in a row from 2009 to 2012. World Youth Chess Championships Melissa Giblon has represented Canada for five years at the WYCC, during 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 respectively. Ontario Youth Chess Championship Melissa Giblon placed first three separate years at the OYCC (Ontario Youth Chess Championships), in 2007 in the U8 category, in 2009 competing in U10, and 2012 in U15, along with 7 consecutive years top 3 (2007–13). Ontario Chess Challenge Finals For four years Melissa was a top 10 finisher for her grade (2007-9, 13: grades 2-4, 8) Canadian Women's Chess Championship Melissa ### Assistant:
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### User: Giovanni Assenza, born in Ragusa on February 22, 1948, is an Italian lawyer. Biography GA pursued classical studies at "Liceo classico Umberto I" in Ragusa and obtained a degree in law from the University of Catania in 1976. The same year he became an official of the Ministry of Justice. From 1981 to 1989 he directed the bankruptcy and commercial section of the Court of Ragusa, and since 1989 he has directed the public prosecutor office of Ragusa. From 1992 to 1996 he served as manager of the Court of Modica, from 1996 to 1998 as manager of Court of ### Assistant:
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### User: Francis Willoughby Tancred (21 February 1874 – 25 November 1925) was an English poet associated with the Poets' Club, a group of writers, established by T. E. Hulme, who were the forerunners of the Imagist movement. They carried out practical studies on Chinese poetry and haiku. Tancred's own influence on the genre has been relatively minor. He is one of the poets referred to in Ezra Pound's Cantos, LXXXII. Tancred was born in New Zealand, the fifth child and second son of Thomas Selby Tancred, 8th Baronet (1840–1910), a mining and railway engineer who was a contractor for the Forth ### Assistant:
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### User: Belgarath the Sorcerer is a fantasy novel by American writers David Eddings and Leigh Eddings. Set in the same universe as the Eddings' The Belgariad and The Malloreon, it is a prequel to the other series, although the framework story is set after the events of The Malloreon. The book opens shortly after the end of The Malloreon with Belgarion, with help from Durnik, pestering Belgarath to write an autobiographical account of the events prior to The Belgariad. The core of the book is in the form of Belgarath's memoirs starting with his becoming an outcast from his village and ### Assistant:
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### User: Ut est rerum omnium magister usus (roughly "Experience is the teacher of all things" or more generally "experience is the best teacher") is a quote attributed to Julius Caesar in De Bello Civile, the war commentaries of the Civil War. Since then the phrase has become a common saying in regards to learning and leadership. Commentary John C. Maxwell stated that the only way to learning from your experiences is to reflect on them, something he feels Caesar had done a lot of, which was the only way he was able to become successful and write down his thoughts. See ### Assistant:
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### User: Darwell Reservoir lies to the west of Mountfield, East Sussex, England. The reservoir provides water for Southern Water customers. The reservoir covers around 156 acres (63.4 hectares) and is just over a mile long. Work began on its construction in about 1937 and it was completed in 1949, when it was officially opened by the Duke of Norfolk. When it was filled, 9 cottages, including Birchford Cottages, Darwell Furnace Farm and cottages associated with it, were lost under the water. A pipeway was laid in the 1980s takes water to Beauport Park to supply Hastings. The Darwell Reservoir is surrounded ### Assistant:
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### User: Julian McCullough (born May 29, 1979) is an American actor, writer, producer, and comedian best known for his appearances on Love You, Mean It with Whitney Cummings, Chelsea Lately, and Guy Code. Early life McCullough was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1979. He initially attended college in California before attending Rutgers University, where he majored in English. After graduating from college in 2001, McCullough moved to Brooklyn, New York where he began to pursue a career in comedy. Career Comedy In 2007, McCullough participated in the Just for Laughs comedy festival in Montreal, Quebec, Canada and appeared on an episodeguest on the E! series Chelsea Lately since 2012, and was the sidekick to Whitney Cummings on the short-lived talk show Love You, Mean It with Whitney Cummings in 2012 to 2013. McCullough has also hosted three specials on VH1 and has hosted the series Very Funny News on TBS alongside Rachel Perry. Acting McCullough guest starred on the former IFC series Z Rock in 2009. He also starred in his self-produced TV movie Supermodel Moving Company in 2010. He appeared as Nick on an episode of Whitney in 2012. References Category:1979 births Category:Living people Category:Male actors from Philadelphia Category:Rutgers ### Assistant:
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### User: Francis Towne (1739 or 1740 – 7 July 1816) was a British watercolour painter of landscapes that range from the English Lake District to Naples and Rome. After a long period of obscurity, his work has been increasingly recognised from the early 20th century onwards. Biography Towne was born in Isleworth in Middlesex, the son of a corn chandler. In 1752 he was apprenticed to a leading coach painter in London, Thomas Brookshead. In 1759 he won a design prize from the Society of Arts, and studied for a while at St Martin’s Lane Academy; according to his pupil JohnWhite Abbott many years later, around this time he also studied under the court portraitist John Shackleton. In 1763 Towne was employed by a coach painter called Thomas Watson in Long Acre, and went to Exeter on business, where he soon settled. He had already begun painting in oils and also taught drawing, and now he began to accept commissions from wealthy families in Devon. After a tour of north Wales in 1777, undertaken with his friend, the Exeter lawyer James White (1744–1825), he began to specialize in watercolours. In 1780 he travelled to Rome, where he knew, and paintedwith, John "Warwick" Smith, who had been there since 1776, and William Pars, a friend from London. He spent a month in Naples in March 1781, staying with Thomas Jones. After returning to Rome, and excursions to Tivoli and other nearby areas, he travelled home to England with Smith, passing over the Alps. His works from this trip include over 200 sheets, and 54 large views of Rome which emphasize the ancient ruins rather than the post-classical sights or the contemporary life of the city. These 54 were later exhibited as a group in 1805 but never sold; he paintedcopies of them instead when he got commissions. Many were reworked later, starting around 1800, in the heavier and more conventional style he had by then adopted. At his death Towne left the group to the British Museum, where they remain. On his return to Devon, he was asked by Sir Thomas and Lady Acland of Killerton to paint some views in Devon and North Wales, and in 1786 he went on a painting tour of the Lake District. He painted versions of his watercolours, of Rome and elsewhere, in oils, mainly to submit to the Royal Academy, but thoughseveral were exhibited his eleven attempts from 1788 on to be elected a member all failed, and he gave up in 1803. He remained in Exeter painting and teaching, achieving reasonable success. In the last years of his life he returned to live in London. He married Jeannette Hilligsberg, a French dancing mistress aged 27, on the 5th of August 1807, but she died in April 1808. He remained an obscure figure until the early 20th century, so that the collector Paul Oppé was able to acquire numbers of important works very cheaply. Oppé was greatly impressed, especially with Towne'selegant and somewhat stylised early manner, which chimed with trends in English painting at the time, "the taste of our own century for flat colourful pattern-making", as Andrew Wilton put it in 1993. The writings of Oppé and others created a revival of interest in Towne, and more works began to appear on the market. By the 1950s he was widely recognised as an important figure and his works were owned by many museums, especially the British Museum and the Yale Center for British Art. A catalogue raisonné of the artist's work is published by the Paul Mellon Centre forStudies in British Art. From January 2016, the British Museum held an exhibition of the watercolours he painted in Rome, and art critic Jonathan Jones commented: Francis Towne, who failed 11 times to get elected to the Royal Academy but had the foresight to leave these watercolours to the British Museum when he died in 1816, may not be a famous British artist. He is, however, as this entrancing exhibition reveals, a great one. Notes References Stephens, Richard, Light, time, legacy; Francis Towne's watercolours of Rome, exhibition leaflet, 2016, British Museum Andrew Wilton & Anne Lyles, The Great Age ofBritish Watercolours, 1750–1880, 1993, Prestel, Further reading A. P. Oppé, 'Francis Towne, Landscape painter', in The Walpole Society; vol. 8 (1919–1920) Bury, Adrian. Francis Towne, Lone star of watercolour painting (London: Charles Skilton Ltd., 1962) Stephens, Richard. New material for Towne's biography (The Burlington Magazine, Vol. 138, No. 1121 (Aug., 1996), pp. 500–505). Stephens, Richard. A Catalogue Raisonné of Francis Towne (1739-1816) (London: Paul Mellon Centre, 2016), . Wilcox, Timothy. Francis Towne (Tate, 1997). Spink, John.Francis Towne and his friends (catalogue by Timothy Wilcox) (London, 2005) Hargraves, Matthew. Great British Watercolors: From the Paul Mellon Collection at the Yale Center ### Assistant:
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### User: Ethel Mary (E. M.) Granger Bennett (died April 19, 1988) was a Canadian writer, best known for her Ryerson Fiction Award-winning novel Short of the Glory. Born in England as Ethel Mary Granger, she was raised in Collingwood, Ontario. After completing high school, she spent several years teaching in a small two-room elementary school near Collingwood, and writing for the local newspaper, to save money to attend the University of Toronto. She graduated from the university's Victoria College in 1915 with a degree in modern languages. After World War I, she married academic Harold Bennett, who would later go onto become president of Victoria College and Laurentian University. Bennett taught languages, including French and German, at various institutions including the University of Toronto and the Ontario Ladies' College. She earned her Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1931. She published three historical fiction novels: Land for Their Inheritance (1955), A Straw in the Wind (1958) and Short of the Glory (1960). All three novels dealt with the settlement and development of New France. Later in life, she took a doctorate in sacred literature from Victoria College. She died on April 19, 1988 in Toronto, Ontario, at age 96 ### Assistant:
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### User: Séamus Ó hEocha (16 December 1880 – 19 September 1959) nicknamed (, alluding to his stature), was an Irish educator and briefly an independent senator. He was active in the Gaelic League and became head teacher of Coláiste na Rinne in County Waterford. Early and personal life Ó hEocha was born James Hough in Ballyshane, Monagea, south of Newcastlewest, County Limerick. He was one of six children of David Patrick Hough, a farmer, and his wife Honora, née Dowling. His mother tongue was English. After primary school he worked in Dublin and attended Irish classes in the Gaelic League with ### Assistant:
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### User: The 2005 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament was the 36th annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate indoor volleyball. The single elimination tournament was played at Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California during May 2005. Pepperdine defeated UCLA in the final match, 3–2 (30–23, 23–30, 24–30, 30–25, 15–10), to win their fourth national title. The Waves (25–2) were coached by Marv Dunphy. Pepperdine's Sean Rooney was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. Rooney, along with six other players, comprised the All Tournament Team. Qualification Until the creation of the NCAA Men's Division III Volleyball Championship in 2012,there was only a single national championship for men's volleyball. As such, all NCAA men's volleyball programs, whether from Division I, Division II, or Division III, were eligible. A total of 4 teams were invited to contest this championship. Tournament bracket Site: Pauley Pavilion, Los Angeles, California {{4TeamBracket-Tennis5 | RD1=Semifinals | RD2=Championship | score-width=25 | team-width=140 | RD1-seed1= | RD1-team1=Pepperdine (3) | RD1-score1-1=30 | RD1-score1-2=31 | RD1-score1-3=30 | RD1-score1-4= | RD1-score1-5= | RD1-seed2= | RD1-team2=Ohio State (0) | RD1-score2-1=16 | RD1-score2-2=29 | RD1-score2-3=26 | RD1-score2-4= | RD1-score2-5= | RD1-seed3= | RD1-team3=UCLA (3) | RD1-score3-1=30 | RD1-score3-2=30 | RD1-score3-3=30 | RD1-score3-4=| RD1-score3-5= | RD1-seed4= | RD1-team4=Penn State (0) | RD1-score4-1=20 | RD1-score4-2=24 | RD1-score4-3=27 | RD1-score4-4= | RD1-score4-5= | RD2-seed1= | RD2-team1=Pepperdine (3) | RD2-score1-1=30 | RD2-score1-2=23 | RD2-score1-3=24 | RD2-score1-4=30 | RD2-score1-5=15 | RD2-seed2= | RD2-team2=UCLA (2) | RD2-score2-1=23 | RD2-score2-2=30 | RD2-score2-3=30 | RD2-score2-4=25 | RD2-score2-5=10 }} All tournament team Sean Rooney, Pepperdine (Most outstanding player)''' John Parfitt, Pepperdine Jonathan Winder, Pepperdine Paul Johnson, UCLA Jonathan Acosta, UCLA Alex Gutor, Penn State Mark Greaves, Ohio State See also NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Championship NCAA Women's Volleyball Championships (Division I, Division II, Division III) References 2005 NCAA Men's ### Assistant:
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### User: Rhinophis oxyrhynchus, commonly known as Schneider's earth snake, is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to Sri Lanka. Geographic range It is found in Sri Lanka in the Northern and Eastern Provinces (Mullaitivu, Vavoniya, Trincomalee). Type locality of Typhlops oxyrhyncus: "India orientali". Type locality of Dapatnaya lankadivana: "Trincomalie, and [...] the Kandyan Province". Type locality of Mytilia unimaculata: "Ceylon". Description Brown dorsally and ventrally, each scale with a lighter margin. Tail with some yellow markings. Adults may attain a total length of . Dorsal scales arranged in 17 or 19 rows at midbody (in 19 or 21 rows behind theAccount of the Earth-Snakes of the Peninsula of India and Ceylon. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 17: 3-33. Gray, J.E. 1858. On a New Genus and several New Species of Uropeltidæ, in the Collection of the British Museum. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858: 260-265. (Mytilia unimaculata). Gray, J.E. 1858. On a New Genus and several New Species of Uropeltidæ, in the Collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 2: 376-381. (Mytilia unimaculata). Kelaart, E.F. 1853. Descriptions of new or little-known species of Reptiles collected in Ceylon. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. Series 2, Volume 13, pp. 25–31. ### Assistant:
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### User: Nell Brinkley (September 5, 1886 – October 21, 1944) was an American illustrator and comic artist who was sometimes referred to as the "Queen of Comics" during her nearly four-decade career working with New York newspapers and magazines. She was the creator of the Brinkley Girl, a stylish character who appeared in her comics and became a popular symbol in songs, films and theater. Background and career Nell Brinkley was born in Denver, Colorado, in 1886 (some sources say 1888), but her family soon moved to the small town of Edgewater on Denver's western border, facing Sloan's Lake at ManhattanBeach. She was not formally trained in the arts, and dropped out of high school to follow her natural talent with pen and ink. As a tot, she drew place-setting illustrations of knobby-kneed kiddies for Mary Elitch's garden parties at Elitch Gardens. At the age of 16, she was already accomplished at illustration. She illustrated the book cover and 25 illustrations for a 1906 children's book, Wally Wish and Maggie Magpie by A.U. Mayfield. She was hired to do pen-and-ink drawings for The Denver Post and later the Rocky Mountain News. Her skills were noticed in 1907 by media mogulWilliam Randolph Hearst and his editor Arthur Brisbane. Though barely into her twenties, she was convinced to move from Denver to Brooklyn, New York, with her mother. She began working in downtown Manhattan with the Journal, where she produced large detailed illustrations with commentary almost daily. The newspaper's circulation boomed; her artwork was featured in the magazine section. Brinkley later moved to New Rochelle, New York, a well known artist colony and home to many of the top commercial illustrators of the day. She soon became well known for her breezy and entertaining creations. The curly-haired everyday working-girl drawings wereknown as the Brinkley Girl, who soon upstaged Charles Dana Gibson's Gibson Girl. The Ziegfeld Follies (1908) used the Brinkley Girl as a theme, and three popular songs were written about her. Bloomingdale's department store featured a Nell Brinkley Day with advertisements using many of her drawings. Women emulated the hairstyles in the cartoons and purchased Nell Brinkley Hair Curlers for ten cents a card. Young girls saved her drawings, colored them and pasted them in scrapbooks. The Denver Press Club greeted her when she vacationed in Colorado in the summer of 1908. Nell was most famous for her representingcome after two years on the Denver Post, bringing with her a talent for pretty-girl art that had not yet been matured into delicately fine-lined art-nouveau style for which she would become famous. Brinkley christened all the pretty girls she drew "Betty," and called all the boys "Billy". Brinkley's debut came on November 26, 1907 and she was featured on a comics page that contained her illustrated panel that accompanied an article on actress Valeska Surrat. Brinkley wrote this article using her usual superlatives ("The Most Beautiful Woman I Ever Saw"), and her next day's subject was Ethel Barrymore. Afterbattles of World War II, Nell Brinkley quietly died after over 30 years of entertaining fans from the "most read newspapers," the major media of her time—she was soon to be forgotten. The Associated Press reported her death in a New Rochelle hospital on the night of October 21, 1944, after a long illness. Brinkley, her mother and father are all buried in a New Rochelle, New York cemetery. The Brinkley Girl Brinkley was known for her idyllic designs in her artwork, and her female characters drew attention from readers. In comparison to the staid Gibson Girl stereotype established earlierto have a feminist slant. The Brinkley Girl became a national sensation, the topic of pop songs, poetry and theater. The second Ziegfeld Follies (1908) featured a number of references to the Brinkley Girl, including a song "The Nell Brinkley Girl" by Harry B. Smith and Maurice Levi. Books The Brinkley Girls (Fantagraphics Books, 2009) collects Brinkley’s full-page color art from 1913 to 1940; her earliest adventure series, Golden Eyes and Her Hero, Bill; her romantic series, Betty and Billy and Their Love Through the Ages; her flapper comics from the 1920s; her 1937 pulp magazine-inspired Heroines of Today andher husband's company going while acting as a nurse and magistrate to the jungle tribes. Her "Woman Warrior" illustration was featured in this Sunday series. With the illustration Nell Brinkley writes about times of war in the Soviet Union. She writes about the roles that women have taken on during World War II. Women were expected to participate in battle just as men were. Brinkley talks about how women were carrying and using machine guns and operating tanks in Soviet Russia, and present on the fighting lines in war-torn Spain. Brinkley illustrates an Austrian woman named Rosetta Millington. Millington was ### Assistant:
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### User: The Tindi are an indigenous people of Dagestan, Russia living in five villages in the center area around the Andi-Koisu river and the surrounding mountains in the northwestern part of southern Dagestan. They have their own language, Tindi, and primarily follow Sunni Islam, which reached the Tindi people around the 8th or 9th century. The only time that the Tindis were counted as a distinct ethnic group in the Russian Census was in 1926, when 3,812 reported to be ethnic Tindis. In 1967, there were about 5,000 ethnic Tindis (T. Gudava). They are culturally similar to the Avars. The basis ### Assistant:
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### User: Dmitry Borisovich Bosov (, born March 27, 1968, Barnaul, USSR) is a Russian businessman. Founder, majority shareholder and Chairman of the Board of Directors of ALLTECH Group. The main assets of Dmitry Bosov are currently the Sibanthracite Group and VostokCoal MC. He has been Head of Supervisory Board of Sibir Ice Hockey Club since 2008. In 2019, he was ranked 102nd in the Forbes list of richest businessmen in Russia, with a fortune of 950 million dollars. In 2020, he was ranked 1851st in the Forbes list of world’s billionaires, with a fortune of 1.1 billion dollars. Biography Dmitry BorisovichBosov was born on March 27, 1968 in Barnaul. His father was Head of Sales at the Transmash plant, and later - deputy general director at the Kristall plant. His mother was a teacher of English, a professor at a Moscow university. In 1991, he graduated with honors from the faculty of Radio Electronics and Laser Technology at Bauman Moscow State Technical University (MSTU). He studied Economic Sciences and received a doctorate. After graduating he entered the aluminum business. Career In 1991, he founded CJSC PIF, the Moscow representative office of the Kristall plant, where he worked as Deputy Directorfor two years and then as Executive Director. In 1993, he became the president of Polyexport LLP (Foreign Trade Association). From 1995, he was director of the TransWorld Group Moscow office (later - Trans World Commodities). From 1997 to 2000 he was one of the shareholders and a member of the board of directors of the Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Plant. In 2000, he sold his KrAZ shares. After that, together with his colleagues at Bauman MSTU, he established ALLTECH Group and took up investment projects in Russia. He is the Chairman of the Board of the Group. Among the projects implementedare, in 2006, consolidation and further sale to Renova one of the largest electrode plants in Russia. In early 2004, the ALLTECH Group acquired more than 20% of the shares in West Siberian Resources Ltd (WSR). The company significantly increased production (in 4 years the company's market capitalization increased almost 20 times) and in 2008 West Siberian Resources merged with Alliance Oil Company. His coal business began with the acquisition of shares in Siberian Anthracite JSC (the world's largest producer of anthracite UHG, located in Novosibirsk Region). Currently, he is the chairman of the board of directors of VostokCoal MC.“…the only business I participated in with Berezovsky was the Internet company CityLine. He was the first to invest in it. The company was run by my friends Emelyan Zakharov, Demian Kudryavtsev and others. In 1999, they made me an offer to become a co-investor. In 2001 we sold the company and earned a decent amount of money”. In news in 2019 was noted information attack on Dmitry Bosov, conducted mainly by the forces of the Telegram-channel Nezygar. Business ALLTECH Group A private direct investment company, established by Dmitry Bosov and his classmates from university, in 1993. In 2007, ALLTECHto 8.4 billion Rubles. Spending on social and charitable programs - 1.9 billion Rubles. By 2022, Sibanthracite plans to produce 58 million tons of coal and anthracite. As stated on the group’s website, one of the group’s priorities is to ensure industrial safety and social support for its employees. In 2018, 86 million Rubles and 111.4 million Rubles respectively were allocated for these purposes. One of the most promising projects of the Group is their participation in the construction of the Severomuisk tunnel. Dmitry Bosov announced his readiness to participate in this project in a letter to the President ofenvironmental legislation. In interview with RBC, the head of Sibanthracite Barsky clarified that there are no threats to the company’s work. In April 2019, Sibanthracite announced that the construction time of the Severomuisky tunnel on the Baikal-Amur Magistrale would be 5 years. VostokCoal MC VostokCoal MC on a parity basis belongs to Dmitry Bosov and Alexander Isaev (chairman of the board). VostokCoal specializes in creating new coal and infrastructure projects. At the moment, the company, in partnership with Rostec, a state corporation, is building the Vera Port coal terminal (Primorsky Krai) and is preparing to start production at the Ogodginskoecoal ### Assistant:
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### User: for different purposes: it was formed by linking the line from Milan towards Piacenza with the line from Turin through Piacenza to Bologna, Florence and Rome. The Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia was until 1859 still part of the Austrian Empire and conceived concessions for the construction of railways, not so much for its commercial advantages as for military purposes and to bring together the various geographical regions of the empire. As early as September 1835 the Venice Chamber of Commerce had asked permission to form a company for the construction and operation of a railway line from Venice to Milan, butfound it very difficult to obtain this "privilege". The first railway in the region, the Milan–Monza line, was opened in 1840. The second line, opened in 1842, was the first section of the Milan–Venice line, fully completed in 1857. By that time railways were proliferating even in the Piedmont; in 1859 when Austria declared war on Sardinia the Piedmontese and Austrian networks had come close to the point where the bridge over the Ticino River was subsequently built connecting Turin and Milan. The Austrians were defeated and on 11 July 1859 signed the Armistice of Villafranca; Lombardy was annexed tothe Kingdom of Sardinia and the Veneto remained Austrian. As a result, the Lombard rail network was separated from that of Austria and therefore the nature of its development and operations changed. Instead of links with Venice, links with central Italy and the Adriatic Sea were promoted. The Treaty of Zürich signed on 10 November 1859 also included an agreement that was the origin of the Società delle Strade Ferrate della Lombardia e dell'Italia Centrale (Lombardy and Central Italy Railway Company) and the Società delle Strade Ferrate dell'Austria meridionale e del Veneto (Southern Austria and Veneto Railway Company). Both companieslocomotives be introduced; they were designed specifically for flat and fast lines but had a very high weight per axle compared to locomotives previously used in Italy. In the 1920s improvements to the line finally allowed train operation at up to 100 km/h for the fastest trains. Only in 1929 was the line adequate for loads of 20 tons per axle; even then this required slowing to 20 km/h on the long iron bridge over the Po near Piacenza until its replacement by a new bridge. After its opening, the average commercial speed on the line was raised to 87 ### Assistant:
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### User: Gardiner may refer to: Places Settlements Canada Gardiner, Ontario United States Gardiner, Maine Gardiner, Montana Gardiner (town), New York Gardiner (CDP), New York Gardiner, Oregon Gardiner, Washington West Gardiner, Maine Buildings and landmarks Gardiner Museum, a ceramics museum in Toronto Geographical features Antarctica Gardiner Ridge, Ames Range, Marie Byrd Land Australia Gardiner railway station, Melbourne, Victoria Canada Gardiner Dam in Saskatchewan Gardiner Expressway in Toronto Gardiner Island (Nunavut), uninhabited arctic island in Nunavut United States Gardiners Bay in New York State Gardiners Island in Gardiners Bay Gardiner River (also known as the Gardner River) in Yellowstone National Park, United States ### Assistant:
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### User: Jessel Miller (born 1949 Ontario, Canada) is an American watercolor artist and children's writer. Life Her father was a country doctor/artist, and mother was a festive singer, poet and entertainer. She graduated from the University of Florida and moved to Oakland, California in 1971. She had a one-person show at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art in 1980, "Bay Area Personalities", watercolor portraits of Maya Angelou, Herb Caen, Louise Cavis, Melvin Belli and Dianne Feinstein. In 1984 she opened the Jessel Gallery in Napa, California. It began with and 30 artists and 15 years later, the gallery is and ### Assistant:
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### User: Umm ar-Rasas () (Kastrom Mefa'a, Kastron Mefa'a) is located 30 km southeast of Madaba, which is the capital city of the Madaba Governorate in central Jordan. It was once accessible by branches of the King's Highway, and is situated in the semi-arid steppe region of the Jordanian Desert. The site has been allied to the biblical settlement of Mephaat mentioned in the Book of Jeremiah. The Roman military utilized the site as a strategic garrison, but it was later converted and inhabited by Christian and Islamic communities. In 2004, the site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, anda Byzantine church here exposed an inscription naming the area as "Castron Mephaa" further supporting the theory that Umm-ar Rasas and the biblical Mephaat are one and the same. Mosaics The most important discovery on the site was the mosaic floor of the Church of St Stephen. It was made in 785 (discovered after 1986). The perfectly preserved mosaic floor is the largest one in Jordan. On the central panel, hunting and fishing scenes are depicted, while another panel illustrates the most important cities of the region including Philadelphia (Amman), Madaba, Esbounta (Heshbon), Belemounta (Ma'an), Areopolis (Ar-Rabba), Charac Moaba (Karak),intensified by the 5th century C.E., and many Christians chose to settle in the desert establishing monastic communities. Umm ar-Rasas was converted into an ecclesiastical center boasting numerous Byzantine churches. Among the notable finds unearthed at Umm-ar Rasas is the Church of Saint Stephen, which features elaborate and sophisticated mosaics. The discovery of Greek inscriptions within the mosaics confirmed dating to 756-785 C.E. The date range coincides with the Abbasid Caliphate period of Muslim rule, and demonstrates Christian occupation later than surrounding areas. The mosaics illustrate municipal vignettes with explanatory text covering a series of cities in Palestine, Jordan, andtower, the soaring structure served as a platform for Christian ascetics living in isolation at the top as well as an altar for a call to prayer. Ornamented with carved Christian symbols on all four sides, the square pillar endures in the distance as evidence of the once flourishing community established in the Byzantine era as a center for spiritual enlightenment. Gallery See also Petra Wadi Rum Qasr Amra List of World Heritage Sites in Jordan References Bibliography External links Umm ar-Rasas panoramic video Category:World Heritage Sites in Jordan Category:Protected areas established in 2004 Category:Tourism in Jordan Category:Mosaic Category:Archaeological sites ### Assistant:
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### User: Artyom Anatolyevich Bezrodny (; 10 February 1979 – 13 September 2016) was a Russian association footballer. Career In 1995, he moved from Ukraine to Russia and eventually accepted Russian citizenship. In Germany he played for Bayer 04 Leverkusen II. International career Bezrodny played one game for the Russia national football team in a Euro 2000 qualifier against Andorra on 8 September 1999. References External links Player profile Category:1979 births Category:2016 deaths Category:Ukrainian emigrants to Russia Category:Naturalised citizens of Russia Category:Russian footballers Category:Russia international footballers Category:FC Spartak Moscow players Category:Russian Premier League players Category:Bayer 04 Leverkusen players Category:People from Sumy Category:Russian ### Assistant:
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### User: Baiyankamys is a genus of amphibious murid rodents. It was originally described, along with the species Baiyankamys shawmayeri by Hinton in 1943 after he found the remains of a single individual in south east of the Bismarck Mountain Range, north east New Guinea. Tate, in 1951 and, Laurie and Hill in 1954, confirmed the existence of both the species and genus. Classification Hinton described Baiyankamys as similar in appearance to the species Hydromys habbema but differed due to its unreduced pinnae and its lower teeth. It was described as having three lower molars on both sides of the lower jaw,habbema, based on the fact that they are easily distinguished by external and cranial traits,. In 2005 Helgen proposed that generic name of Baiyankamys be used for shawmayeri and habbema, removing them both from the genus Hydromys. This was due to morphological differences in phallic anatomy, and many external and craniodental traits. Appearance Baiyankamys is distinguished by soft, dense, frosted grey upperparts; a tail that is longer than its head-body length; a long, narrow snout, and extremely narrow incisors. Habitat Baiyankamys habbema is found in a small region of the upper montane forests of the Snow Mountains of western New ### Assistant:
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### User: record of 8–2 and had already accepted an invitation to the Cotton Bowl Classic at the end of the season. The game was played at the Miami Orange Bowl, and televised nationally by CBS, with Brent Musburger, Ara Parseghian, and Pat Haden commentating. Notable achievements in the game included: The Hurricanes' Bernie Kosar passed for a school-record 447 yards. Miami running back Melvin Bratton ran for four touchdowns. Flutie passed for 472 yards and four touchdowns and became the first collegiate quarterback ever to surpass 10,000 yards passing in a college career. The game Boston College jumped out to anhas been called the Flutie Effect and has been used to describe other colleges that have received an increase in applications and exposure after the success of a college athletics team. Quotes from the play CBS TV announcer Brent Musburger: Boston College radio announcer Dan Davis: ...(OH, HE GOT IT!)... (HE GOT IT!) was said by the statistician Dick Tarpey. See also List of historically significant college football games References Category:1984 NCAA Division I-A football season Category:College football games Category:Boston College Eagles football games Category:Miami Hurricanes football games Category:American football incidents Category:November 1984 sports events in the United States Category:1984 ### Assistant:
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### User: "What's a Guy Gotta Do" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Joe Nichols. It was released in November 2004 as the second and final single from his 2004 album Revelation. The song peaked at number 4 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart and number 64 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song was written by Nichols, Kelley Lovelace and Don Sampson. Content The song is an up-tempo in which the narrator asks himself, "what's a guy gotta do to get a girl in this town?" Music video The music video was directed byPeter Zavadil, and features a man who tries unsuccessfully to get a girlfriend, from being maced in the eyes to getting arrested for being accused of harassment at Wal-Mart. The video was shot on December 2, 2004. Chart performance "What's a Guy Gotta Do" debuted at number 55 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of November 20, 2004. Year-end charts References External links Category:2004 singles Category:Joe Nichols songs Category:Show Dog-Universal Music singles Category:Music videos directed by Peter Zavadil Category:Song recordings produced by Brent Rowan Category:Songs written by Kelley Lovelace Category:Songs written by Don Sampson ### Assistant:
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### User: Kathleen Jessie Hawkins (17 November 1883 – 31 August 1981) was a Tauranga, New Zealand, poet affectionately known as "The Pioneer Poet". Well known in Tauranga, her best-known volume The Elms and Other Verses ran into several editions or reprints covering historical pioneer subjects. Hawkins was specially interested in the first missionaries who came to Tauranga, and in the Land Wars with their loss of life on both sides. Life Hawkins (an only child) was born in Tewkesbury, England, in 1883. The River Avon flowed through the bottom of her garden. She grew up and was educated in England, andand Mary Gilmer (née Hawkins). In 1938, the couple retired to Tauranga in New Zealand. George made the lifestyle change away from the heat to a colder climate for health reasons. She lived in Tauranga for the remainder of her life, some 43 years. George died in 1953 at the age of 79. In Tauranga she established herself as a well known personality with interests in the theatre, writing and the arts. She was a member of The Elms Society. Kathleen died in 1981 at the age of 97. A note on her appeared in the Bay of Plenty Times.The NZ Biographies Index at the National Library of New Zealand also notes Hawkins. Literary output Hawkins wrote verse from an early age. With her cousins, she produced private magazines and illustrated and published her early poetry in them. As a young woman, she continued publishing poems. During her life, Hawkins never used her poetry for personal gain. Each publication of her work was for a particular charity such as the New Zealand Crippled Children’s Society or (during World War II) the airplane fund and the prisoners’ parcels fund. The full list of her publications is not known, and NewZealand libraries hold only 4 titles by her. Published between 1939 and 1974, they are: The Elms and Other Verses (1939, 1940, 1943, 1943 4th edition); The Pup and other Poems for Parcels (c.1942); The Little Blue Horse and Other Verses (1950); and The Elms & Other Poems: A Selection of Writings by Tauranga’s Pioneer Poet (1974). Bagnall describes The Pup as ‘Patriotic verses based on wartime incidents’. In the 1974 edition of The Elms & Other Poems, the list of ‘Other Publications’ shows a further three titles by Hawkins: The Wind in the Rafters, Songs to Buy Wines andThree Flowers for Christmas. Her children printed The Elms & Other Poems as Hawkins’s 91st birthday present. Its centerpiece was believed to be the first illustrated poem of the author at 15 years. New Zealand poet William E. Morris (Founder Fellow of the International Poetry Society) wrote the foreword to the 1974 edition of The Elms. Morris praised ‘her tremendous ability as a poet’ and noted further that: ‘Tauranga, and New Zealand, can now savour the best of her work. . . Her poems will have carved a niche for themselves in the literature of this country for in herlifetime she has written the poetry of today, simple, direct, but always saying something worthwhile.’ Her poetry is also included and noted in historical publications such as Stanley Bull’s Historic Gate Pa, 29th April, 1864: Pukehinahina (1968) and The Historic Bay of Plenty: Te Papa C.M.S. Mission Station, 1838-1883 (1984) or the journal article ‘Wharekahu CMS Mission Station, Maketu’ by A. H. Matheson in the Whakatane & District Historical Society journal Historical Review, May 2003; vol.51 no.1: p. 18-29. Other poems of hers also appeared in this journal. In 2007, Hawkins had a poem included by the New Zealand poet ### Assistant:
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### User: Canela (pronounced Kuh-NAY-luh) is an American R&B singer and songwriter. She is best known in the mixtape circuit for her DJ Clue-remixed song, "Sponsor", and for co-writing Anastacia's worldwide top 20 hit, "Why'd You Lie to Me". She once recorded an album in 2001, however it was shelved after her label folded. Biography Early life Canela Cox was born in Los Angeles, California. She moved to Amsterdam (Holland, Europe) at the age of 14 where her mother, a former Diana Ross' background vocalist, Rocq-E Harrell performed as an R&B singer and recording artist. Upon moving back to the United Statesat age 18, Canela continued to pursue her musical endeavors performing with numerous musical groups throughout Los Angeles. 2000 – 2001 In 2000, Canela was featured on Jennifer Lopez's multi-plantinum selling single, "Love Don't Cost a Thing". Though Canela was uncredited for her work on Lopez's song, she performed as Lopez's background vocalist for numerous tours and new songs. While performing with Lopez at a Los Angeles concert, her talent was recognized by Rodney Jerkins, who brought her to DreamWorks Records' attention, and was immediately signed to the label in 2001. In early 2001, Canela began to record for heras the official lead single for her debut. A music video was shot for the song, and was able to be viewed on BET's 106 & Park. However, "Everything" suffered the same failure as her buzz single. Because her single failed to chart, DreamWorks Records put a halt on Canela's debut. In December 2001, just days before Canela's debut was to be released, DreamWorks Records was bought by Universal Music Group, which caused the label to fold, thus her debut was shelved. 2002 – 2004 Months after Canela dispersed from DreamWorks Records, Canela co-wrote Anastacia's 2002 single "Why'd You Lie ### Assistant:
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### User: Ju Yingzhi (, born in Dalian) is a Chinese-born Hong Kong footballer who currently plays as an attacking midfielder for Hong Kong Premier League club Kitchee. He represents Hong Kong in international competition. He was a member of the Hong Kong Asian Games football team in 2010. Club career Citizen Ju Yingzhi scored the winning goal to help Citizen beat Sun Hei SC 5:4 in a league game. TSW Pegasus Ju Yingzhi signed to join TSW Pegasus for the 2011-12 Hong Kong First Division League season. He is reported to have earned a huge pay rise for the move. Butit was revealed that he has to go through surgery to cure a problem with his knee. He will therefore miss the first two to three months of the 2011–12 season. Kitchee On 15 June 2018, it was confirmed that Ju had signed with fellow Hong Kong Premier League club Kitchee. International career Ju Yingzhi scored one of the goals in the 4–0 win over Bangladesh in the group stage of the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou. Statistics Club statistics Hong Kong statistics As of 5 March 2014 Hong Kong U23 statistics Honours Club Dalian Shide Chinese Super League: 2005China U19 Champions Cup: 2006 Citizen Hong Kong FA Cup: 2007–08 Hong Kong Senior Challenge Shield: 2010–11 Pegasus Hong Kong League Cup: 2011–12 Eastern Hong Kong Premier League: 2015–16 Hong Kong Senior Shield: 2015–16 Kitchee Hong Kong Senior Shield: 2018–19 Hong Kong FA Cup: 2018–19 International Hong Kong U23 Long Teng Cup Winner: 2010 References External links Category:1987 births Category:Living people Category:Chinese footballers Category:Footballers from Dalian Category:Dalian Shide F.C. players Category:Chinese Super League players Category:Citizen AA players Category:Hong Kong Pegasus FC players Category:Eastern Sports Club footballers Category:Kitchee SC players Category:Hong Kong Premier League players Category:Chinese expatriates in Hong Kong Category:Expatriate ### Assistant:
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### User: Puerto Rico Highway 6 (PR‑6) is a long north‑south urban primary highway within the barrio of Juan Sánchez in the municipality of Bayamón, Puerto Rico, that serves as a by-pass route from Puerto Rico Highway 5 (PR‑5) to Puerto Rico Highway 2 (PR‑2). The entire route is also known as Calle San Jose (San Jose Street). Route description PR‑6 begins at a three-way junction with PR‑2 on the southern edge of the Villa España neighborhood, a gated and planned community in central Juan Sánchez. (PR‑2 heads east toward the municipality of Guaynabo and west thorough the northern part of Bayamon.)From its southern terminus, PR‑6 heads north-northwest as a divided four-lane road and almost immediately has an intersection with the west access road to Villa España. (Other than its termini, this is the only intersection along PR‑6.) From that intersection PR‑6 turns northwest to run along the western edge of Villa España, past its northern edge. Shortly thereafter, the route turns north-northeast and reaches its northern terminus at a trumpet interchange with PR‑5 (Expreso Rio Hondo [Rio Hondo Expressway]). (PR‑5 heads northeast toward San Juan and Carolina and southwest through Bayamon toward Aguas Buenas.) Major intersections See also List of ### Assistant:
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### User: St Mary's Church, or St Mary's Priory, is in the town centre of Warrington, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, and is an active Roman Catholic church. The parish was established and served by Benedictine monks from Ampleforth Abbey, but following the withdrawal of Ampleforth Abbey from the parish in 2012, it was served by the priest from St Benedict's Church, Warrington. From November 2015, the church has been owned and served by priests from the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter (FSSP) as a shrine church dedicatedto the celebration of the sacraments of the pre-Vatican II form of the Roman Rite. It is well known for the beauty and reverence of its liturgy and the ambition and excellence of the church choir and music. Since summer 2017, Sunday Sung Mass and daily Low Mass are streamed live and on-demand from St Mary's at and via the iMass app. History The parish was established from St Alban's Church, Warrington by the Benedictine priests from Ampleforth Abbey who served there. Fr. John Placid Hall OSB is credited with conceiving the idea to build the church and to havechosen the site. The site had been occupied by a cotton mill. The site was bought on 5 May 1870 for £4,000. The church was designed by E. W. Pugin and its construction started in 1875, just before Pugin's death. The foundation stone was laid by Bishop O'Reilly of Liverpool on Sunday 9 May 1875. It was completed by Peter Paul Pugin in 1877. The architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner considered it to be one of their best churches. The church was opened on Thursday 30 August 1877. The splendid reredos and rose window were blessed on 1 November 1885. The1929, who became its first priest. Fr. Paul William Wright OSB announced on Sunday 15 January 2012 that Ampleforth Abbey could no longer provide a priest for the parish due to a lack of manpower and that he would be the last monk-priest to serve in the parish. Thus ending a Benedictine presence in Warrington lasting 250 years. Fr. William Wright's last Mass was on Sunday 9 September 2012. Discussions about the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter taking over the parish were held in 2012, but were inconclusive. The Archdiocese of Liverpool then took over the pastoral care of thepeople of the parish. The pastoral needs of the congregation were then met by Monsignor John Devine OBE, of St Benedict's Church, Warrington, who was later given charge of the parish of St Oswald's Church, Padgate as well. On Saturday 4 July 2015, the Archbishop of Liverpool, Malcolm McMahon, OP announced: "I have invited the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter to come to the Archdiocese and to have responsibility for St Mary’s Church, Warrington. In due course this will become a centre for the celebration of the extraordinary form of the Roman Rite and the sacraments. The priests of thisordained to the priesthood by Archbishop McMahon. Following the transition to the FSSP, the church is not technically a parish church, but a shrine within a parish, as the parish itself was merged with two others, St Benedict's Church, Warrington, St Oswald's Church, Padgate. In late April 2018, it was announced that the new name for the merged parish is Blessed James Bell Parish. Architecture It is built in pale Pierpoint stone and red Runcorn sandstone. The church is in Decorated style. Its plan consists of a southwest tower, a six-bay nave with a clerestory, north and south aisles, aIt is topped by four statues of saints renowned for their devotion to Mary: St Anselm, St Bernard of Clairvaux, St Dominic and St Alphonsus Liguori. Within the church there are a number of stained glass windows by Hardman & Co. and also Harry Clarke featuring a number of saints including Warrington's own martyr Blessed James Bell (priest). St Mary's Parish Priests St Mary's Shrine FSSP Rectors Former FSSP Assistant Priests include Fr James Mawdsley (2016–2017), Fr Seth Phipps (2018) and Fr Konrad Loewenstein (2017–2019). Sacred music St Mary's is recognised as having one of the leading choirs in thein 1995 by A. Hypher, and rebuilt in 2009 by Peter Hindmarsh. There is an ongoing campaign to move the Cavaillé-Coll organ from the Parr Hall in Warrington to St. Mary's Church. The current director of music and organist for St Mary's is Fr Ian Verrier. Bells The church possesses a chime of eight bells that were cast by Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, in 1906. The bells were baptised on 7 October 1906 by Abbot Smith of Ampleforth. They were totally restored in 1962 by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry, with further work done in 2005. The tenor bell is hung ### Assistant:
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### User: Andrea Tripicchio (born 10 January 1996) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a forward. He plays for Cittanovese. Club career Crotone Born in Cosenza, Tripicchio finished his graduation in Crotone's youth system, and made his first-team debut on 24 August 2013, coming on as a late substitute in a 2–5 loss at Siena. On 17 January 2014 he signed a professional deal, running until 2017. Loan to Reggina On 11 August 2016, Tripicchio was signed by Serie C side Reggina on a season-long loan deal. On 20 November, Tripicchio made his Serie C debut for Reggina in a30 July he made his debut for Casertana in a 2–0 away defeat against Matera in the first round of Coppa Italia, he played the entire match. On 26 August, Tripicchio made his Serie C debut for Casertana as a substitute replacing Ivan Rajcic in the 74th minute of a 2–1 away defeat against Catanzaro. Tripicchio ended his season-long loan to Casertana with 15 appearances, 14 as a substitute. Cittanovese On 12 August 2019, Tripicchi joined to Serie D club Cittanovese on a free-transfer. Career statistics Club References External links Category:1996 births Category:Living people Category:People from Cosenza Category:Sportspeople from Calabria ### Assistant:
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### User: "In All the Right Places" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for the 1993 drama film Indecent Proposal, starring Robert Redford and Demi Moore. It was released as a lead single in the United Kingdom on 24 May 1993 and in other European countries in July 1993. The lyrics were written by Lisa Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and the music was composed by John Barry, who created the soundtrack for the film. Devaney and Morris also produced the song which received positive reviews from music critics. An accompanying music video, directed by Nick Brandt, wasalso released. The single reached number eight in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and number ten in Italy. The Soul Mix of "In All the Right Places" was included on Stansfield's next studio album, So Natural which was released in November 1993. Ten years later, "In All the Right Places" was also featured on Biography: The Greatest Hits (2003). In 2014, the soundtrack version of "In All the Right Places" was included on the deluxe 2CD + DVD re-release of So Natural (also on The Collection 1989–2003). The song was nominated for Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song. Criticalreception Quentin Harrison from Albumism called it one of the album's "most significant compositions", noting that Stansfield "vocally burns the house" on the song. Larry Flick from Billboard complimented it as a "shimmering pop ballad fueled by Stansfield's positively flawless vocal and an arrangement reminiscent of vintage compositions." He noted that it "builds from a quiet place to a climax that will leave you with goosebumps." R.S. Murthi from New Straits Times said that Stansfield "acquits herself with style and grace" on tunes like "In All the Right Places". Track listings UK 7" single "In All the Right Places" (Edit) ### Assistant:
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### User: On a Silver Platter is a Scrooge McDuck comic by Don Rosa, first published in Uncle Scrooge Adventures #20 in March 1990. Plot Scrooge McDuck receives a silver platter for his Number One Dime as a gift from an anonymous admirer. Pleased at this, Scrooge places the dime on the platter. This turns out to be a trap set by Scrooge's old enemy Magica De Spell: the platter is in fact a magical teleportation device, connected to an identical one in Magica's house at Mount Vesuvius, Italy. As soon as Scrooge places his dime on the platter, it disappears and ### Assistant:
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### User: The Return of Elvis Du Pisanie is a play by South Africa's Paul Slabolepszy. It is a one-man play where the actor plays a raft of characters. Plot Eddie grows up in Modderfontein and is an Elvis Presley fanatic. He gets married, has kids and finds a job selling underfloor heating. He jokes: In an age of global warming?. He also feels depressed. The play begins with Elvis standing on a street corner (Union Crescent) in Witbank where he is reminiscing about his youth. Across the road is the cinema where he used to enjoy Dick Tracey. Many years ago ### Assistant:
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### User: Miś Uszatek (Floppy Bear, literally Teddy Floppy-ear) is a Polish character from the stop motion-animated TV series of the same name. He was created jointly by Polish writer Czesław Janczarski and cartoonist Zbigniew Rychlicki. Miś Uszatek's first appearance was in a Polish comic magazine for children, "Miś", on 6 March 1957. Later, he was the main character of several children's books, which were translated into many languages. However, Miś Uszatek became very popular in 1975, when Łódź Animated Forms Studio (Studio Malych Form Filmowych), Se-ma-for, created a series of cartoons for the Polish TV network, featuring actor Mieczysław Czechowicz, who ### Assistant:
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### User: Ryszard Leon Piec - Polish soccer player, born Richard Leon Pietz on 17 August 1913 in Schwientochlowitz (Świętochłowice), Germany,died on 24 January 1979 in his hometown. Piec spent whole life in his native town of Lipiny, which now today is a district of Świętochłowice, in Upper Silesia. He played for Naprzód Lipiny, a team which, in spite of several attempts, never managed to qualify to the Polish Soccer League. In 1935-39 he represented Poland in 24 matches, scoring 5 goals. His debut took place in 1935 against Yugoslavia. He participated in 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin, where Poland was placedon the 4th position, after losing 2:3 against Norway. During the Olympics, he played in three games - a qualifier versus Hungary (3:0), a quarterfinal versus Great Britain (5:4, he scored a goal) and a semifinal versus Austria (1:3). He also took part in a legendary 1938 World Cup Soccer match Poland - Brazil 5:6 (5 June 1938, Strasbourg, France). During the Second World War German occupiers allowed Upper Silesians to participate in sports tournaments. Piec's club, Naprzód Lipiny, was forced to change its name to Turn und Sport (TUS) Lipine. Ryszard (then known as Richard Pietz), together with hisbrother Wilhelm Piec, was a key player in this team. In the 1941-42 season of Germany Cup (DFB-Pokal), TUS Lipine with Piec brothers was a sensation. In round 3 the Silesians beat Adler Deblin 4:1, then in round 4, TUS Lipine beat Blau-Weiss 90 Berlin 4:1. In the semifinals however, professionals from TSV 1860 Munich proved to be too strong, beating TUS 6:0. After the war Piec continued his career in Naprzód Lipiny, playing until 1951. Since then he was a coach. See also Polish Roster in World Cup Soccer France 1938 Category:People from Świętochłowice Category:1913 births Category:1979 deaths Category:Polish ### Assistant:
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### User: TimeSplitters is a series of first-person shooter video games developed by Free Radical Design. The games are often compared to Rare's shooters GoldenEye 007 and Perfect Dark since Free Radical Design was founded by a group of ex-Rare employees who developed these games. Each game features a time travelling element which enables players to battle in a temporal war in a diverse number of locations set over the span of several centuries. The look of the series is stylized, with character models and expressions emphasizing more cartoon-like qualities and comic book-inspired design. Many of the characters represent parodies of establishedpop culture stereotypes (such as the aristocratic English explorer or the suave secret agent). Many aspects of the series also focus on often surreal and self-deprecating humor. The main antagonist in each of the games are the TimeSplitters, a race of aliens who wreak havoc on humanity throughout time as well as their supposed creator Jacob Crow. On August 15, 2018, it was announced that THQ Nordic AB had acquired the rights to the franchise. On August 14, 2019, it was announced that series co-creator Steve Ellis has joined Deep Silver to "plot the future of course of the series".On August 21, 2019, Dambuster Studios, who consist of several Free Radical Design developers, replied to a fan on Twitter stating that Steve Ellis had assembled a team and is working on an unannounced TimeSplitters product. Games TimeSplitters The first game was released as a launch title for the PlayStation 2. The game features levels taking place in different time periods between the years 1935 and 2035. TimeSplitters 2 Unlike its predecessor, the second game was also released for the Xbox and GameCube in addition to the PlayStation 2. It expanded heavily on the first TimeSplitters and featured a storythat contains characters that would later be used in this game's sequel. TimeSplitters: Future Perfect The third game in the series was published by Electronic Arts as opposed to Eidos Interactive that published the previous two games. This game's story has a bigger role in the game than the previous two installments. This game had online capabilities for the Xbox and PlayStation 2 versions of the game, but the feature was omitted from the GameCube version. TimeSplitters 4 In June 2007, the Official UK PlayStation Magazine revealed that another installment of the TimeSplitters series was being made. However, at Kotaku,Rob Yescombe, the scriptwriter for the previous title in the series, said that the systems they were developing the game for were "unsigned at the moment." "I'm sure it's possible to do a control scheme that works," Doak added, when asked about his thoughts on developing a first-person shooter for Wii. An early logo for the game was a spoof of the Gears of War logo with a monkey head replacing the skull. There was some concept art for a monkey in Master Chief's armour. Similarly, videos and screenshots of a monkey driving a heavy mechanical diving suit similar toones featured in BioShock have been released on the developer's website. Because of this, it is expected that there will be more in-game "potshots" of those games as well as other gaming franchises. Yescombe from Free Radical Design confirmed that prediction. Free Radical Design mentioned that TimeSplitters 4 will not use the much-criticised Haze engine, instead opting for some "new and double shiny tech". This game was in development for almost a year but since Free Radical was bought out by Crytek after going into administration, little information has been released since. On August 17, 2009, the project had officiallybeen declared as on hold. In an interview, Crytek UK claimed that they would continue the project once there is a high industry demand for such a game. On June 14, 2011, VideoGamer.com informed that a high-ranked source inside Crytek confirmed that the company is working on a new game of the TimeSplitters franchise to be released on next-generation platforms. There was no confirmation if the game is actually TimeSplitters 4, or if it will also be ported to the Wii U or PlayStation 4. The game is supposed to utilize CryEngine 3 and DirectX 11 technology. In 2012, CrytekCEO Cevat Yerli noted that expressed desire to work on the project, but also noted concern about the possible reception. He mentioned that he's been suggested crowdfunding a sequel, but deemed it inappropriate for a larger company such as Crytek. Yerli's comments about a possible crowdfunding campaign have ignited a petition to encourage such a venture, which Yerli himself has endorsed - as of February 2014, the page counts about half the supporters of the desired 100,000. On April 27, 2012, a spokesperson from Crytek confirmed that Timesplitters 4 was "not in development". On June 12, 2012, Cevat Yerli fromCrytek stated that "Look, I wish we were working on it. The thing with TimeSplitters is, if we made a sequel to TimeSplitters, nobody would accept this apart from some fans, and we don't know how big the fan community is unfortunately." In July 2013, TechRadar spoke to the Timesplitters series developer Steve Ellis. When he was asked if Timesplitters 4 would ever see the light of day on the 8th generation consoles, he replied "I don't think there's any chance that's going to happen, you always got to the point where the marketing person in the room would say'I don't know how to sell this' because they want a character that they can put on the front of the box. Every marketing person and every publisher we spoke to [said] 'You can't have that as your selling point' and maybe the sales figures of previous games backed that up." This statement suggests that it is very unlikely that Timesplitters 4 will ever be released. On August 15, 2018, THQ Nordic announced that they had acquired the IP and publishing rights for Timesplitters. In August of 2019, co-creator of the series Steve Ellis joined THQ Nordic to aid inthe future planning of the series. With the series composer expressing interest with hopes of the original team joining hands again. TimeSplitters Rewind On November 29, 2012, it was revealed that a group of fans were given permission to develop a TimeSplitters mod using CryEngine 3. The project lead, Michael Hubicka, stated that the ultimate goal is to make it TimeSplitters 4. It was also announced that the development team would include some of the original members of Free Radical Design (now known as Crytek UK). The game will combine earlier elements of the trilogy and be named TimeSplitters Rewind.can be played with either one or two players. In the first TimeSplitters, this is based upon the retrieval of a key object and its successful return. TimeSplitters 2 and TimeSplitters: Future Perfect had additional objectives and more complex levels. Arcade mode Arcade mode is the multiplayer aspect of the TimeSplitters series. The games are notable for having numerous multiplayer modes including the traditional Deathmatch and Capture the Flag-type games, as well as other more original modes such as Flame Tag where one player is put on fire and must tag another player to pass the flame onto them. TimeSplitters2 introduced Arcade League which are single player challenges, similar to Challenge mode, but arcade league challenges can be recreated in Arcade Mode. There are three leagues of increasing difficulty, and all challenges must be completed to at least a bronze level before access to the next league is granted. Rewards, such as extra characters for Arcade Mode, are given for successful completion. Challenge mode Challenge mode, available in all games of the series, consists of sets of single player challenges. The challenges range from collecting bananas as a monkey to shooting cardboard cutouts. In TimeSplitters 2 and Future Perfectchallenges are unique and cannot be recreated through Arcade Mode, but in TimeSplitters many of the challenges are based around a pre-set Arcade match. Rewards, such as extra characters for Arcade Mode, are given for successful completion. Time crystals The time crystals are the nine green crystals used by the TimeSplitters to travel through time. In TimeSplitters 2, one of the objectives in each level revolved around collecting one of the time crystals. In Future Perfect the time crystals were brought to Earth to power a time machine created by the humans and the central objective of the game is ### Assistant:
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### User: Helsdingenia is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Michael I. Saaristo & A. V. Tanasevitch in 2003. The name is a reference to Dr. P. J van Helsdingen. They are usually pale colored spiders that grow up to long. Males are smaller than females, but females are distinguishable by their finger-like extensions in epigyne. There are four pairs of dark spots in an abdominal pattern that are connected to each other, creating two parallel stripes. Species it contains four species, found in Cameroon, Comoros, Indonesia, on Madagascar, Nepal, Nigeria, and Sri Lanka: Helsdingenia ceylonica (van Helsdingen, ### Assistant:
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### User: Mille Soya (Buongiorno Italia), () is a 2004 Sri Lankan Sinhala romantic musical film, written, produced and directed by Boodee Keerthisena. The film stars Mahendra Perera, Jackson Anthony, Sanath Gunathilake, Kamal Addararachchi, and Sangeetha Weeraratne. The film was released on 21 October 2004. The film received mostly positive reviews from critics. The film is Sri Lanka's very first digital film. Shooting of the film was started in 1997 in Naples, Positano in Italy and in Chilaw in Sri Lanka. It is a Sri Lankan-Italian co-production. The film follows a group of young Sri Lankan musicians who illegally immigrate to Italyin the baggage compartment of a bus and about the lost dreams of Sri Lankan youth living during the Sri Lankan civil war. Plot The story revolves around a group of young musicians - rock 'n rollers who venerate Bob Marley and wish to become a famous band. But their lives on the lowest rungs of Sri Lankan society, with its poverty and violence, offer them little if no opportunities. Friends returning from Italy talk about the money to be made. But the journey there is not straightforward because it's not legal. The film follows them on their dangerous journeywith all its hazards, its comradeship, its tears and laughter, and also death. When in Naples, Italy, the appalling conditions of their day-to-day living, the hard labor, but also the basic human frailties, strengths, loves and hates, are also shown. On returning to Sri Lanka, somehow they seem to be better equipped to survive either in Sri Lanka, or to return to Italy, this time as legal immigrants. Cast Mahendra Perera as Pradeep Sangeetha Weeraratne as Princy Jackson Anthony as Samson Kamal Addararachchi as Maxi Sanath Gunathilake as Sagara Ravindra Randeniya as Agent KingsLey Veena Jayakody as Pradeep's mother Sriyantha ### Assistant:
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### User: The Diocese of Liverpool is a Church of England diocese based in Liverpool, covering Merseyside north of the River Mersey, part of West Lancashire, part of Wigan in Greater Manchester, Widnes and part of Warrington and in Cheshire (it was originally formed from the then West Derby hundred of the historic county of Lancashire). The cathedral is Liverpool Cathedral and the bishop is the Bishop of Liverpool. The diocese was formed on 9 April 1880 from part of the Diocese of Chester. The current bishop is Paul Bayes, since the confirmation of his election on 23 July 2014. Bishops The ### Assistant:
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### User: Jibia, (or Jibiya), is a town and Local Government Area (LGA) in Katsina State, northern Nigeria. The population of the LGA was approximately 125,000 as of 2003, and the area is 1037 km². The postal code of the area is 822. Jibia sits along on the Nigerian border with Niger, and the border post was burnt down by a mob in 2005. According to the Daily Triumph newspaper, the mob was "hired" by smugglers angry about the Katsina Custom Command's crackdown on contraband goods. The Local Government shares borders with Batsari, Kaita, Katsina, Batagarawa and Zurmi (Zamfara State) Local Government ### Assistant:
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### User: The Stockholm Ring Road () is a half-completed ring road around central Stockholm, Sweden. There have been many plans over the years of a ring road around central Stockholm, but all of them have been cancelled at some point. , three quarters of the ring road have been built. History The first plan to build a motorway ring road around central Stockholm arose in the 1950s. The recent ring road project in Stockholm has its origin in the Dennis Agreement () from 1992, which was a political agreement (negotiated by the Bank of Sweden governor Bengt Dennis) to build newroads and improve public transport in and around Stockholm. As the agreement was eventually broken in 1997 due to criticism from environmental groups and the political parties left outside the agreement, the future of a complete ring road became uncertain. A possibility of a ring road being completed arose in the mid-2000s, as the construction of the northern section resumed during 2006 with preparatory work, the final appeals against construction were rejected on February 26, 2007 by the Supreme Administrative Court. Actual construction of the road resumed on May 11, 2007, and the project was finally completed in 2015, savefor a northbound exit which is planned in 2016. A new feasibility study was conducted on the eastern section in 2006. A second shorter study, looking at a deeper tunnel with less impact on the surface during construction, was conducted in 2015, and is currently awaiting political blessing. Road sections There are four distinct sections of the planned ring road around Stockholm, of which two are completed, one in construction, and one under consideration. Essingeleden, the western section — completion of various stages between 1966 and 1971. Södra länken, the southern section — short section opened 1973, inauguration of the ### Assistant:
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### User: The Political Tinker (Danish: Den politiske kandestøber) is a five-set satirical play published by Norwegian-Danish playwright Ludvig Holberg in 1722. Production history It premiered at Lille Grønnegade Theatre in Copenhagen on 25 September 1722. It premiere at the Royal Danish Theatre was on 13 February 1750. Themes The play was his first comedy. The play theme is from recent political incidents in Hamburg, Germany. Holberg ridicules the political involvement of a group of craftsmen. Some interpreters see a clear anti-democratic tendency in the play, but there is also ambiguity in the way the story of class conflicts and political rebellion ### Assistant:
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### User: Naunton is a village in Gloucestershire, England. It lies on the River Windrush in the Cotswolds, an area of outstanding natural beauty. Stow-on-the-Wold is about 6 miles (10 km) to the east and Cheltenham 12 miles (19 km) to the west. Community The population of Naunton in 2000 was 371, which fell to 352 at the 2011 census. Once a farming community with the usual supporting trades, it had moved towards being a dormitory community by the turn of the second millennium. It has had no shops since 1999. Despite spiralling property prices a vibrant community remains. The village hasa parish council with five members. Local associations include clubs for music, for cricket, and for golf and tennis. The village hall was refurbished in 2017–2018 with a twenty-year government loan of £100,000 taken out for the purpose. There are single public bus services on Tuesdays to Andoversford and Fridays to Stow-on-the-Wold. The nearest railway station is at Moreton-in-Marsh (10 miles, 16 km), providing several trains daily to London Paddington, Great Malvern, Hereford, Worcester and Oxford. Heritage Naunton is referred to in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Niwetone. There has probably been a settlement there for at least 2000 ### Assistant:
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### User: Gylfaginning (Old Norse pronunciation [ˈɟʏlvaˌɟɪnːɪŋg]; ; "Tricking of Gylfi"; c. 20,000 words) is the first part of Snorri Sturluson's 13th century Prose Edda after Prologue. The Gylfaginning deals with the creation and destruction of the world of the Norse gods, and many other aspects of Norse mythology. The second part of the Prose Edda is called the Skáldskaparmál and the third Háttatal. Summary The Gylfaginning tells the story of Gylfi, a king of "the land that men now call Sweden", who after being tricked by one of the goddesses of the Æsir, wonders if all Æsir use magic and tricksfor their will to be done. This is why he journeys to Asgard, but on the way he is tricked by the gods and arrives in some other place, where he finds a great palace. Inside the palace he encounters a man who asks Gylfi's name and so King Gylfi introduces himself as Gangleri. Gangleri then is taken to the king of the palace and comes upon three men: High, Just-As-High, and Third. Gangleri is then challenged to show his wisdom by asking questions, as is the custom in many Norse sagas. Each question made to High, Just-As-High, and Thirdis about an aspect of the Norse mythology or its gods, and also about the creation and destruction of the world (Ragnarök). In the end all the palace and its people just vanish and Gylfi is left standing on empty ground. It is then implied that as Gylfi returns to his nation, he retells the tales he was told. It can be argued that Snorri used this narrative device as a means of being able to safely document a vanishing and largely oral tradition within a Christian context. External links Gylfaginning in Old Norse at heimskringla.no Text of all original ### Assistant:
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### User: Robert Atkinson Davis (March 9, 1841 – January 7, 1903) was a businessman and Manitoba politician who served as the fourth Premier of Manitoba. Davis was born in Dudswell, in the eastern townships of Lower Canada (now Quebec). As a young man, he worked in the mining fields of the US Rockies. He moved to Red River on 10 May 1870, and reportedly had a friendly meeting with Louis Riel shortly before the end of the Red River Rebellion. This meeting took place after Davis swam across the Red River to where Riel was hiding and called out to thevote itself out of existence in January 1876. He supported a proposal that the planned transcontinental railway run through Winnipeg rather than Selkirk. After John A. Macdonald was re-elected as Canada's Prime Minister in 1878, this change was accomplished. Davis resigned as Premier in 1878, and subsequently became a successful businessman in Chicago. He argued in favour of Canada–US free trade in 1883, and spent much of the 1890s travelling on the profits of his business. He died of Bright's Disease in 1903 in Phoenix, Arizona. References External links Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Category:Premiers of Manitoba ### Assistant:
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### User: Kenny Dale Monday (born November 25, 1961 in Tulsa, Oklahoma) is an Olympic gold medalist and three-time All-American wrestler from Oklahoma State University. He began wrestling at age six at a YMCA after-school program and grew up idolizing Olympic wrestler Wayne Wells. He is a 3X Olympian. Monday attended Booker T. Washington High School (Tulsa, Oklahoma), where he won four state titles and the 1977 Junior National championship. He never lost a match from seventh grade through the end of high school and finished with a record of 140-0-1. As an All-American at OSU, Monday won the NCAA title in1984 at 150 pounds. His collegiate record of 121-12-2 contributed to the Cowboys winning two Big Eight titles. He won the 1989 World Championship and a series of USA Freestyle championships in 1985, 1988, 1991, and 1996. He won the Olympic Championship in 1988 in a 5-2 overtime win against the Soviet Union's Adlan Varaev. Monday was a silver medalist in the 1992 Olympics and placed sixth in the 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics. He is a member of the National Wrestling Hall of Fame. On March 28, 1997 Monday competed in a mixed martial arts bout defeating John Lewis byTKO in round two at Extreme fighting 4, which was held in Des Moines, Iowa. Monday has also worked as the wrestling coach with the Blackzilians, a mixed martial arts camp based in Boca Raton, Florida. He is married to Sabrina Goodwin Monday (National Sales Director for Mary Kay Cosmetics) and has three children; his sons Kennedy currently wrestles for the University of North Carolina. and, Quincy currently wrestles for Princeton University. Monday currently resides in North Carolina. Mixed martial arts record |- | Win | align=center | 1–0 | John Lewis | TKO (punches) | Extreme fighting 4 |births Category:Living people Category:Sportspeople from Tulsa, Oklahoma Category:Booker T. Washington High School (Tulsa, Oklahoma) alumni Category:Oklahoma State University alumni Category:Oklahoma State Cowboys wrestlers Category:Olympic wrestlers of the United States Category:Wrestlers at the 1988 Summer Olympics Category:Wrestlers at the 1992 Summer Olympics Category:Wrestlers at the 1996 Summer Olympics Category:American male sport wrestlers Category:Olympic gold medalists for the United States in wrestling Category:Olympic silver medalists for the United States in wrestling Category:People from Stillwater, Oklahoma Category:Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics Category:Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics Category:Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States Category:Pan American Games medalists in wrestling ### Assistant:
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### User: Daniel Pavlov Mitov (; born 4 December 1977) is a Bulgarian politician. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria from 2014 to 2017. He became Minister of Foreign Affairs on August 6, 2014 in the cabinet of Georgi Bliznashki and remained in that post in the cabinet of Boyko Borisov from October 7, 2014. Early life and education Born in Sofia, Mitov received his higher education at the Sofia University. In addition to his native Bulgarian, he is fluent in English, Italian, and Russian. Political career In 2002, Mitov worked at the Political Academy for Central and Southeast ### Assistant:
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### User: Mahmoud Anbarani (Born in 1937 - Sabzevar - Iran) poet, writer, translator and scholar of Persian (Iran). Life He passed his secondary education in city of Sabzevar, and moved to Mashhad in 1953. In 1954, he was accepted in mashhad Medical School entrance, but due to personal problems, he neglected it. In 1964, he was accepted in Dr.Shariati faculty of Literature and humanities, in Mashhad. In the final undergraduate year, ranking first among all students of Mashhad Ferdowsi university Entrance in the Dramatic Arts. He received the scholarship of Nancy,France university but due to family disagreement, he withdrew the tripto France. Then in 1968, after graduating with a degree in French language and literature, he moved to Isfahan. After graduating in Management Science, he Started working as, head of administration and coordination center of Isfahan Iron foundry. In 1975 he moved to Tehran and worked in the university of Industrial Training Center (Currently:khaje Nasir-e-din-Toosi University). In posts such as: Assistant and supervisor of Tehranpars-Khak sefid, workships. Then he requested retirement. He translated a part of the small Larus Dictionary into Persian (Donya publication). He also did the correction of the literary, medical and pharmaceutical parts of the "Human Knowledge" ### Assistant:
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### User: Boesky famously defended greed in an 18 May 1986 commencement address at the UC Berkeley's School of Business Administration, in which he said, "Greed is all right, by the way. I want you to know that. I think greed is healthy. You can be greedy and still feel good about yourself". This speech inspired the 1987 film Wall Street, which features the famous line spoken by Gordon Gekko: "Greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right, greed works. Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit. Greed, in all of its forms; ### Assistant:
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### User: Benjamin T. (Townley) Spencer (1904–1996) was a scholar of American literature and a professor at Ohio Wesleyan University. He graduated from Kentucky Wesleyan College, and received his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Cincinnati. Spencer wrote widely on American literature and on Shakespeare but is best remembered for his great book, The Quest for American Nationality; An American Literary Campaign (1957.) In 2008, Robert Milder described it as, “an informed and still eminently serviceable account of the multifront ‘campaign’ for a national literature.” The annual The Benjamin T. Spencer Lecture is given at Ohio Wesleyan University in his ### Assistant:
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### User: Edwin Karl Rochus Freiherr von Manteuffel (24 February 180917 June 1885) was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall noted for his victories in the Franco-Prussian War. Biography Son of the president of the superior court of Magdeburg, Manteuffel was born at Dresden and brought up with his cousin, Otto von Manteuffel (1805–1882), the Prussian statesman. He entered the guards cavalry at Berlin in 1827 and became an officer in 1828. After attending the War Academy for two years, and serving successively as aide-de-camp to General von Müffling and to Prince Albert of Prussia, he was promoted captain in 1843 and major in 1848,Pour le Mérite. However, on account of his monarchist political views throughout the political crises of the 1860s, and of his almost bigoted Roman Catholicism, he was regarded by Liberal politicians as a reactionary, and, unlike the other army commanders, he was not granted a financial reward for his services. He then went on a diplomatic mission to St Petersburg, where he was persona grata, and gained Russia's acquiescence to Prussia's domination of north Germany. On his return he was made honorary colonel of the 5th Dragoon Regiment. He was appointed to the command of the IX (Schleswig-Holstein) Corps in1866. But having previously exercised both civil and military control in the Elbe duchies he was unwilling to be a purely military commander under one of his former civil subordinates, and retired from the army for a year. In 1868, however, Manteuffel returned to active service. In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 he commanded the I Corps under Steinmetz, distinguishing himself in the Battle of Borny-Colombey, and in the repulse of Bazaine at Noisseville. In October he succeeded Steinmetz in the command of the 1st Army, won the Battle of Amiens against General Jean Joseph Farre, and occupied Rouen. Howeverhe was less fortunate against Faidherbe at Pont Noyelles and Bapaume. In January 1871 he commanded the newly formed Army of the South, which he led, in spite of hard frost, through the Côte-d'Or and over the plateau of Langres, cut off Bourbaki's Army of the East with 80,000 men, and, after the action of Pontarlier, compelled it to cross the Swiss frontier, where it was disarmed. His immediate reward was the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross, and at the conclusion of peace he was made a member of the Order of the Black Eagle. When the Southern Armywas disbanded Manteuffel commanded the Second Army and, from June 1871 until 1873, the army of occupation left in France, showing great tact in a difficult position. At the close of the occupation, the Emperor promoted Manteuffel to the rank of Field Marshal and awarded him a large financial grant, and about the same time Alexander II of Russia gave him the Order of St. Andrew. After this he was employed on several diplomatic missions, was for a time Governor of Berlin, and in 1879—perhaps, as was commonly reported, because he was considered by Bismarck as a formidable rival—he wasappointed Governor-General of occupied Alsace-Lorraine. He is remembered in Alsace-Lorraine as a very human, cultivated man, and as a conciliator whose fairness was often abused by some dominant figures. Opening the first session of the Landesausschuss (the regional assembly of Alsace-Lorraine), he announced his firm intention to gain full autonomy for Alsace-Lorraine, so that it could become a fully-fledged state of the German Empire. He died at Carlsbad, Bohemia, in 1885, still in office but without having achieved his aim. References Attribution: Pierre Zind, Elsass Lothringen/Alsace Lorraine une nation interdite, 1870–1940, Paris: Copernic, 1979. Category:1809 births Category:1885 deaths Category:People from ### Assistant:
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### User: him a week's wages and he was demoted to the reserve side. Lonsdale did not regain his first-team place until the end of February 1914, and that summer he was sold to Southend United, having kept goal for the "Hammers" in 21 Southern League games in 1913–14. During World War I he also served in the Football Battalion. From Southend he moved to Stalybridge Celtic and then joined Port Vale in June 1923. He made 31 Second Division appearances in 1923–24, beating off competition from Sidney Brown and Robert Radford. However he suffered a head injury in March 1924 and ### Assistant:
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### User: Captain Wahid Baksh Sial Rabbani (1910 – April 21, 1995) was a Pakistani saint in the Chishti (Sabri branch) order of Sufis. He was initiated into the Chishtiyya Spiritual Order in 1940 by Maulana Syed Muhammad Zauqi Shah (1878-1951). He remained under Zauqi Shah's teaching for about 12 years, and then received khilafat (became his successor), along with Shah Shahidullah Faridi, Maulana Umar Bhai, and Maulana Abdus Salam. He was a practicing Sufi for 54 years until his wisaal (union) at 9:30 am on April 21, 1995. Education and Career He completed his B.A. and then joined the Bahwalpur StateForces and qualified at the Indian Military Academy Dehra Dun (India) in 1933. He participated in the Second World War in Malaya. He retired from military service in 1946 and joined the Civil Secretariat of the Bahawalpur Government. He was transferred to the West Pakistan secretariat, Lahore, in 1955, and retired in 1968. Work Books He wrote several important books in Urdu and English, such as Islamic Sufism Mushahida e Haq Maqam e Ganjshakar Reactivsation of Islam Hajj e Zauqi Ruhaniyat e Islam He also translated significant Sufi books from Persian to Urdu, including Mirat ul Asrar Iqtibas ul AnwarSufi Texts and Teachings in English, encompassing the entire Muslim world, and wrote United States of Islam, discussing the notion of pan-Islamism, with a vision for the rise of the Muslim world. He also translated Sirr-e-Dilbaran, an encyclopedia of Sufi terminology, a work in Urdu by Zauqi Shah. His articles also appeared in the series "The Sufi Path." Followers His followers are in Pakistan, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Australia, Mauritius, the United States, Canada, France and the United Kingdom. Death He was buried in his hometown of Allahabad, in district Rahim Yar Khan (Pakistan). Disciples His disciples continue to publish his ### Assistant:
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### User: Holmes Beckwith (1884 – April 2, 1921) was an American political scientist and professor of finance and insurance at several universities. He shot and killed Dean J. Herman Wharton and himself at Syracuse University on April 2, 1921. Education and early employment Beckwith was born in Hawaii to a family of ministers and missionaries, and spent his early life there and in California. He received degrees in law from the University of California and the Pacific Theological Seminary, and in 1911 completed his Ph.D. in political science at Columbia University. While at Columbia he married Frances Robinson, the daughter ofa Berkeley, California minister. Beckwith's dissertation, German Industrial Education and its Lessons for the United States, was the result of a trip to Germany to observe industrial education practices in the summer of 1911. The dissertation argued that "Germany has had probably the largest and most fruitful experience of such education and has most to teach us." It was reprinted by the Bureau of Education (then part of the United States Department of the Interior) in 1913. Beckwith has been cited as a significant part of academic and policy debates in the period about the potential for German-style industrial educationin the United States. After completing his dissertation, he was appointed instructor in economics at Dartmouth College in the fall of 1911. He later described Dartmouth as "the toughest college in America"; he was dismissed not long after arrival, following conflicts with Dartmouth professor George R. Wicker. During World War I he attended an officer's training camp but was discharged for physical disability, which began a long series of brief positions with a variety of institutions. In 1914, he worked for the California State Banking Commission, but was fired after complaints about his manner from the banks. In 1916 hiswife, who had supported him at times during his career, left him, eventually remarrying. In the years following, he held positions at Grinnell College and the Northwestern University School of Commerce, both rather briefly. He taught for one year at Colorado College in 1920, where he became friendly with folklorist Stith Thompson, who had just begun his first academic appointment there. In his memoirs, Thompson describes Beckwith as "an extremely odd character, utterly unable to adapt to his environment." Soon after, Thompson was asked by a department head to explain to Beckwith that he would not be reappointed; Thompson reportsthat his colleague "received me very cordially and seemed to appreciate my interest and frankness." Shortly thereafter, Beckwith was appointed to his final position at Syracuse. After his death, Beckwith was described as having "Socialistic beliefs," but was not active in any socialist organization. Murder and suicide In late March 1921, Beckwith was informed by Dean Wharton that he would be dismissed; after Beckwith protested, Wharton told him that students had complained about him. Beckwith argued with Wharton twice at his house, and went to see him a final time in the dean's office on April 2, bearing a letter,and regret, that he did not believe his nephew "was dealing in personalities when he shot the Dean, but that the act was just his disordered expression of compensation for the wrongs and injustice he believed the world did him." Physicians and psychologists interviewed by The New York Times suggested Beckwith had an "exaggerated ego" and compared him to the notorious murderer Harry Kendall Thaw. References Category:1884 births Category:1921 deaths Category:American murderers Category:Murder–suicides in New York Category:Syracuse University faculty Category:American political scientists Category:UC Berkeley School of Law alumni Category:Columbia University alumni Category:People from Hawaii Category:Suicides by firearm in New York ### Assistant:
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### User: Eli Kirk Price (July 20, 1797 – November 14, 1884) was an American lawyer and politician from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He served as a Whig member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 1st district from 1853 to 1855, as commissioner of Fairmount Park from the time of its founding, and as a member of the American Philosophical Society. Early life and education Price was born in East Bradford Township, Pennsylvania to Philip and Rachel Price. His ancestor, Philip, was a Welsh Quaker who came to the Pennsylvania Colony with William Penn. He initially trained as a merchant before studying lawrewrite Pennsylvania's real estate laws, strengthen married women's rights to property, establish a building inspectorate in Philadelphia, and secure the real estate for Fairmount Park. He was an active member of the American Philosophical Society and a constant contributor to its "Transactions," a member of several foreign scientific and literary societies, president of the University hospital, of the Preston retreat, of the Pennsylvania Colonization Society, and of the Numismatic and antiquarian society, a vice-president of the American Philosophical Society, and a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania. He published "Of the Law of Limitations and Liens against Real Estate inPennsylvania" (Philadelphia, 1857); several treatises that were contributed to the American Philosophical Society; and the memorial volumes "Philip and Rachel Price" (printed privately, 1852); "Rebecca" (1862); and the "Centennial Meeting of the Descendants of Philip and Rachel Price" (1864). Price was for a time an active member of the Pennsylvania Colonization Society. In 1860, he supported John Bell's Constitutional Union Party in the presidential election. Personal life Price was married to Anna Embree in June 1818. He was the grandfather of Eli Kirk Price II, another noted Philadelphia citizen. Legacy He is interred at the Woodlands Cemetery in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ### Assistant:
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### User: Dror Hagag (, born December 31, 1978) is an Israeli former professional basketball player. He plays at the point guard position. He last played with the pro club Maccabi Ashdod. He also played for the Israeli National Team. Professional career Hajaj was the Israeli Super League 6th Man of the Year in 2004. At 178 centimeters (5'10"), he was the joint-shortest player in the Israeli League in the Israeli 2007–08 season, along with Jerel Blassingame. In 2008, Hagag signed a two-year contract with the EuroLeague club Maccabi Tel Aviv. On 12 August 2009 he was released from his contract andsigned with Israeli vice-champion Maccabi Haifa. Pro clubs Maccabi Rishon LeZion (1996–1997) Hapoel Bat Yam (1997–1998) Maccabi Giv'at Shmuel (1998–2001) Hapoel Tel Aviv (2001–2004) Passe-Partout Leuven (2004–2005) AEK Athens (2005–2006) Miami Heat (2006) Hapoel Jerusalem (2006–2008) Maccabi Tel Aviv (2008–2009) Maccabi Haifa (2009–2010) Elitzur Ashkelon (2010–2011) Maccabi Ashdod (2011–2013) Maccabi Rishon LeZion (2013–2014) Maccabi Ashdod (2014–2015) Israeli national team Israeli national team (EuroBasket 2005, 2007) References External links Israeli League profile Dror Hajaj Safsal Dror Hajaj Euroleague Category:1978 births Category:Living people Category:Hapoel Jerusalem B.C. players Category:Israeli men's basketball players Category:Israeli Basketball Premier League players Category:Israeli Jews Category:Jewish men's basketball players ### Assistant:
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### User: For other persons named Joseph Thompson, see Joseph Thompson (disambiguation) Joseph Bryan Thompson (April 29, 1871 – September 18, 1919) was an American politician and a U.S. Representative from Oklahoma. Biography Born near Sherman, Texas, Thompson attended the public schools, and was graduated from Savoy College in Fannin County, Texas, in 1890. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1892 and commenced practice in Purcell, Indian Territory. He moved to Ardmore, Indian Territory. Thompson married Mary Miller, and they raised two sons, James Miller Thompson and Joseph B. Thompson, Jr. Career Appointed commissioner for the United States18, 1919, Thompson died of heart failure induced by Bright's disease while on a train near Martinsburg, West Virginia en route to his home at Pauls Valley, Oklahoma. He is interred at Mount Olivet Cemetery, Pauls Valley, Oklahoma. See also List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49) References External links Oklahoma Historical Society Joseph B. Thompson, late a representative from Oklahoma, Memorial addresses delivered in the House of Representatives and Senate frontispiece 1921 Category:1871 births Category:1919 deaths Category:People from Sherman, Texas Category:People from Pauls Valley, Oklahoma Category:Oklahoma lawyers Category:Oklahoma state senators Category:Members of the United States ### Assistant:
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### User: origin of the calendar to the beginning of Cyrus the Great's reign as its first year, rather than the Hejra of Muhammad. Overnight, the year changed from 1355 to 2535. The change lasted until the revolution in 1979, at which time the calendar reverted to Solar Hijri. In Afghanistan Afghanistan legally adopted the official Jalali calendar in 1922 but with different month names. Afghanistan uses Arabic names of the zodiacal signs; for example the 1978 Saur Revolution took place in the second month of the Solar Hijri calendar (Persian Ordibehesht; Saur is named after Taurus). The Solar Hijri calendar isthe official calendar of the government of Afghanistan, and all national holidays and administrative issues are fixed according to the Solar Hijri calendar. Details of the modern calendar The Solar Hijri calendar year begins at the start of spring in the Northern Hemisphere: on the midnight between the two consecutive solar noons, which include the instant of the March equinox, when the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere. Hence, the first noon is on the last day of one calendar year and the second noon is on the first day (Nowruz) of the next year. The first six months (Farvardin–Shahrivar) have31 days, the next five (Mehr–Bahman) have 30 days, and the last month (Esfand) has 29 days or 30 days in leap years. This is a simplification of the Jalali calendar, in which the commencement of the month is tied to the sun's passage from one zodiacal sign to the next. The sun is travelling fastest through the signs in early January (Dey) and slowest in early July (Tir). The current time between the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox is about 186 days and 10 hours, the opposite duration about 178 days, 20 hours. The Solar Hijri calendar producesweek are as follows: shambe (natively spelled "shanbeh", ), yekshambe, doshambe, seshambe, chæharshambe, panjshambe and jom'e (yek, do, se, chæhar, and panj are the Persian words for the numbers one through five). The name for Friday, jom'e, is Arabic (). Jom'e is sometimes referred to by the native Persian name, adineh (). In some Islamic countries, Friday is the weekly holiday. Calculating the day of the week is easy, using an anchor date. One good such date is Sunday, 1 Farvardin 1372, which equals 21 March 1993. Assuming the 33-year cycle approximation, move back by one weekday to jump aheadby one 33-year cycle. Similarly, to jump back by one 33-year cycle, move ahead by one weekday. As in the Gregorian calendar, dates move forward exactly one day of the week with each passing year, except if there is an intervening leap day when they move two days. The anchor date 1 Farvardin 1372 is chosen so that its 4th, 8th, ..., 32nd anniversaries come immediately after leap days, yet the anchor date itself does not immediately follow a leap day. Solar Hijri and Gregorian calendars The Solar Hijri year begins about 21 March of each Gregorian year and ends ### Assistant:
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### User: 7-Zip is a free and open-source file archiver, a utility used to place groups of files within compressed containers known as "archives". It is developed by Igor Pavlov and was first released in 1999. 7-Zip uses its own 7z archive format, but can read and write several other archive formats. The program can be used from a command-line interface as the command p7zip, or through a graphical user interface that also features shell integration. Most of the 7-Zip source code is under the GNU LGPL license; the unRAR code, however, is under the GNU LGPL with an "unRAR restriction", whichstates that developers are not permitted to use the code to reverse-engineer the RAR compression algorithm. Formats 7z By default, 7-Zip creates 7z-format archives with a .7z file extension. Each archive can contain multiple directories and files. As a container format, security or size reduction are achieved using a stacked combination of filters. These can consist of pre-processors, compression algorithms, and encryption filters. The core 7z compression uses a variety of algorithms, the most common of which are bzip2, PPMd, LZMA2, and LZMA. Developed by Pavlov, LZMA is a relatively new system, making its debut as part of the 7zformat. LZMA uses an LZ-based sliding dictionary of up to 4 GB in size, backed by a range coder. The native 7z file format is open and modular. File names are stored as Unicode. In 2011, TopTenReviews found that the 7z compression was at least 17% better than ZIP, and 7-Zip's own site has since 2002 reported that while compression ratio results are very dependent upon the data used for the tests, "Usually, 7-Zip compresses to 7z format 30–70% better than to zip format, and 7-Zip compresses to zip format 2–10% better than most other zip-compatible programs." The 7z fileformat specification is distributed with the program's source code, in the "doc" subdirectory. Others 7-Zip supports a number of other compression and non-compression archive formats (both for packing and unpacking), including ZIP, Gzip, bzip2, xz, tar and WIM. The utility also supports unpacking APM, ARJ, CHM, cpio, DEB, FLV, JAR, LHA/LZH, LZMA, MSLZ, Office Open XML, onepkg, RAR, RPM, smzip, SWF, XAR, and Z archives and CramFS, DMG, FAT, HFS, ISO, MBR, NTFS, SquashFS, UDF, and VHD disk images. 7-Zip supports the ZIPX format for unpacking only. It has had this support since at least version 9.20, which was releasedexcept loads the drives in low-level NTFS access. This results in critical drive files and deleted files still existing on the drive to appear. (NOTE: Access to the active partition in low-level mode is not allowed for currently unknown reasons.) Features 7-Zip supports: The 256-bit AES cipher. Encryption can be enabled for both files and the 7z hierarchy. When the hierarchy is encrypted, users are required to supply a password to see the filenames contained within the archive. WinZip-developed Zip file AES encryption standard is also available in 7-Zip to encrypt ZIP archives with AES 256-bit, but it does notoffer filename encryption as in 7z archives. Volumes of dynamically variable sizes, allowing use for backups on removable media such as writable CDs and DVDs Usability as a basic orthodox file manager when used in dual panel mode Multiple-core CPU threading Opening EXE files as archives, allowing the decompression of data from inside many "Setup" or "Installer" or "Extract" type programs without having to launch them Unpacking archives with corrupted filenames, renaming the files as required Create self-extracting single-volume archives Command-line interface Graphical user interface. The Windows version comes with its own GUI; however, p7zip uses the GUI of theUnix/Linux Archive Manager. Variants Two command-line versions are provided: 7z.exe, using external libraries; and a standalone executable 7za.exe, containing built-in modules, but with compression/decompression support limited to 7z, ZIP, gzip, bzip2, Z and tar formats. A 64-bit version is available, with support for large memory maps, leading to faster compression. All versions support multi-threading. The 7za.exe version of 7-Zip is available for Unix-like operating systems (including Linux, FreeBSD, and macOS), FreeDOS, OpenVMS, AmigaOS 4, and MorphOS under the p7zip project. Software development kit 7-Zip has a LZMA SDK which was originally dual-licensed under both the GNU LGPL and Common Publicof file formats in the process." Between 2002 and 2016, 7-Zip was downloaded 410 million times from SourceForge alone. The software has received awards. In 2007, SourceForge granted it community choice awards for "Technical Design" and for "Best Project". In 2013, 7-Zip received Tom's Hardware Elite award due to superiority in speed and compression ratio. See also Comparison of archive formats Comparison of file archivers List of archive formats References External links 7-Zip .NET wrapper 7-Zip Portable at PortableApps.com 7-Zip Theme Manager Category:1999 software Category:Cross-platform free software Category:Disk image extractors Category:File archivers Category:Free data compression software Category:Free file managers Category:Free ### Assistant:
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### User: Ramrekha Mandir is an ancient Hindu temple of Lord Ram and Goddess Sita. This Temple is near Amorha also called the place of Raja Zalim Singh's State Amorha (also known as Amodha) in Basti district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Amorha Khas is a town and a Gram panchayat in Basti district. Legend Lord Shri Ram stayed there for one day during his journey from Janakpur to Ayodhya. Lord Shri Rama, Sita and Lakshmana journeyed towards Ayodhya by the road now called Ram Janki Marg (State Highway 72) near Chhawani., Festivals Almost every Hindu festival is celebrated there. ### Assistant:
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### User: German submarine U-2545 was a Type XXI U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The Elektroboote submarine was laid down on 20 November 1944 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, launched on 22 February 1945, and commissioned on 8 April 1945 under the command of Korvettenkapitän Otto von Bülow. U-2545 was a brand new, high technology electric boat which could run constantly submerged rather than having to surface to recharge her batteries every day the way submarines until that point had had to do. However, these advanced vessels were introduced to the Kriegsmarine only late in1944, much too late to influence the Battle of the Atlantic, and too late for many of them to serve in an offensive capacity at all. With the end of the war near, training on U-boats had dropped to a minimum due to lack of fuel, falling morale and the effectiveness of allied attacks on U-boat construction and preparation. The exception to this were the new Type XXI boats, which continued to train in the Baltic Sea. Design Like all Type XXI U-boats, U-2501 had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length ### Assistant:
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### User: Louisa Keyser, or Dat So La Lee (ca. 1829 - December 6, 1925) was a celebrated Native American basket weaver. A member of the Washoe people in northwestern Nevada, her basketry came to national prominence during the Arts and Crafts movement and the "basket craze" of the early 20th century. Many museums of art and anthropology preserve and display her baskets, such as the Penn Museum in Philadelphia, the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, D.C., the Nevada State Museum in Carson City, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Meaning of name Dat Soto enter the curio trade in Native American art, decided to promote and sell her basketry. Abram "Abe" Cohn owned the Emporium Company, a men's clothing store, in Carson City, Nevada. The couple began to document every basket she produced from 1895–1925. This expanded to include about 120 baskets that are documented. Most if not all of these documented baskets where sold at Cohn's Emporium, while the Cohns provided Keyser with food, lodging, and healthcare. The supreme craftsmanship of these baskets certainly added to the value, but the Cohns' early documentation promoted her artwork. Scholars have discovered that almost everythinga Visual History" (August 22, 2015 - January 10, 2016). Craftsmanship Dat So La Lee primarily used willow in the construction of her basketry. She would usually start out with three rods of willow and then weave strands around that. Her predominate style was a flat base, expanding out into its maximum circumference and tapering back to a hole in the top around the same size as the base. This is the degikup style that she popularized with Washoe basketweavers. Resting place Dat So La Lee is buried in the Stewart Cemetery on Snyder Avenue in Carson City, Nevada. Though ### Assistant:
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### User: Terrence McAllister (born May 11, 1984 in Arima) is a Trinidadian soccer player, currently without a club. Career Professional McAllister began his professional career in Trinidad, playing with the successful Joe Public club from 2002 to 2008, winning the 2006 TT Pro League title and the 2007 Trinidad and Tobago Cup. He was in the Joe Public squad that defeated the New England Revolution in the CONCACAF Champions League in September 2008. He joined the Cleveland City Stars in the USL First Division in 2009 after a successful trial. International McAllister has played for the Trinidad and Tobago national football ### Assistant:
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### User: The Codex Theodulphianus, designated Θ, is a 10th-century Latin manuscript of the Old and New Testament. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the Latin Vulgate Bible. It contains the whole Bible, with some parts written on purple vellum. Description The Book of Psalms and the four Gospels are written on purple parchment in letters of silver (initial letters are in gold). The text is written in a minute minuscule hand. The Latin text of the Gospel is a representative of the Theodulphianus recension of the Vulgate, and is considered the most important witness of this recension (othermanuscripts are Codex Annicensis and Codex Hubertatus). It bears a strong textual resemblance to the Codex Hubertanus, although it is written in a smaller hand. The text of the Gospel of Matthew is very close to the Codex Cavensis. The Books of Kings, Book of Chronicles, Book of Ezra, and Pauline epistles (partially) are close textually to the Spanish type of the Vulgate. In Book of Genesis, Book of Joshua, and Book of Judges, the text is close to the Codex Amiatinus. The Codex contains the Comma Johanneum (1 John 5:7), a spurious text referring to the trinity, in itsusual location (unlike the Codex Cavensis and Codex Toletanus). History E. A. Lowe dated the manuscript to the eight or ninth century. Formerly it belonged to the Cathedral of Orleans, the family of the Mesmes, then to the National Library of France. The manuscript was examined and described by Samuel Berger. It was collated by John Wordsworth and H. J. White for their edition of the text of the Vulgate. Currently the manuscript is housed in the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris (Lat. 9380). See also List of New Testament Latin manuscripts References Further reading Category:Vulgate manuscripts Category:10th-century biblical ### Assistant:
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### User: Zauclophora procellosa is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Lucas in 1901. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland. The wingspan is 20–28 mm. The forewings are light ochreous freely dusted and marked with ferrous diffusions, and ferruginous scales deeper ferrous at their apex, and becoming almost black on the hindmargin. There is a fine ferruginous line on the costa and a subcostal band of ground colour divides this from a band of ferruginous which runs parallel from the base to two-thirds of the wing, and then turns inward to form ### Assistant:
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### User: Eucalyptus tenella, commonly known as narrow-leaved stringybark, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has stringy bark, narrow lance-shaped to linear leaves, flower buds in group of seven to fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical fruit. Description Eucalyptus tenella is a tree that typically grows to a height of and forms a lignotuber. It has thick, fibrous, furrowed, stringy bark usually coloured grey over reddish brown. Young plants and coppice regrowth have glossy green leaves that a paler on the lower surface, narrow lance-shaped to linear, long and wide. Adult leaves arenarrow lance-shaped to linear or curved, long and wide on a petiole long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of seven to fifteen on an unbranched peduncle long, the individual buds sessile or on pedicels up to long. Mature buds are oval to spindle-shaped, long and wide with a conical to rounded operculum. Flowering occurs from September to March and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody spherical or hemispherical capsule long and wide with the valves near rim level. Taxonomy and naming Eucalyptus tenella was first formally described in 1991 by Lawrie Johnson ### Assistant:
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### User: Semarapura is the capital city of the Klungkung Regency in Bali, Indonesia. See also Semarapura is the capital of Klungkung regency, the smallest district in the province of Bali, Indonesia. Klungkung borders with Bangli regency in the north, Karangasem regency in the east, Gianyar regency in the west and with the Indian Ocean to the south. Klungkung Palace The Klungkung Palace is a historical landmark in the centre of Klungkung regency. Locally referred to as ‘Puri Agung Semarapura’ or the Royal Palace of Semarapura after the name of the capital, the palace shares the same location as the unmissable andmore popular Kerta Gosa or the ‘Hall of Justice’ complex, which lies just northeast of the palatial compound. Also around the complex is the Klungkung regency cultural hall, as well as the Kerta Gosa Museum. The Klungkung Palace grounds date back to the 17th century, and is a silent witness to much of the history of East Bali, including the Dutch colonial intervention in 1908, which led to the fall of the kingdom and deaths of most of the royal family Nyoman Gunarsa Museum Nyoman Gunarsa Museum, locally referred as Museum Seni Lukis Klasik, is the namesake private gallery of ### Assistant:
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### User: Warmia (pronounced: , , Latin: Varmia, , Old Prussian: Wārmi, ) is a historical region in northern and northeastern Poland. Its historic seat and capital was Lidzbark () and the largest city is Olsztyn (). Warmia is currently the core of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (province). The region covers an area of around 4,500 km2 and has approximately 350,000 inhabitants. Important landmarks include the Cathedral Hill in Frombork (Frauenburg), where Nicolaus Copernicus elaborated the heliocentric theory, the bishops' castles at Olsztyn and Lidzbark, the medieval town of Reszel (Rößel) and the sanctuary in Gietrzwałd (Dietrichswalde), a site of Marian apparitions. Geographically,it is an area of many lakes and lies at the upper Łyna river and on the right bank of Pasłęka, stretching in the northwest to the Vistula Bay. Warmia has a number of architectural monuments ranging from Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque to Classicism, Historicism and Art Nouveau. Warmia is part of a larger historical region called Prussia, which was inhabited by the Old Prussians and later on was populated mainly by Germans and Poles. Warmia has traditionally strong connections with neighbouring Masuria, but it remained Catholic and belonged to Poland between 1454/1466 and 1772, whereas Masuria became part ofthe Duchy of Prussia and became predominantly Protestant. Warmia has been under the dominion of various states over the course of its history, most notably the Old Prussians, the Teutonic Knights, the Kingdom of Poland and the Kingdom of Prussia. The history of the region is closely connected to that of the Archbishopric of Warmia (formerly, Duchy of Warmia). The region is associated with the Prussian tribe, the Warmians, who settled in an approximate area. According to folk etymology, Warmia is named after the legendary Prussian chief Warmo, and Ermland derives from his widow Erma. History Early times By theIX in 1234 confirmed the grant, although Konrad of Masovia never recognized the rights of the Order to rule Prussia. Later, the Knights were accused of forging these land grants. By the end of the 13th century the Teutonic Order had conquered and Christianized most of the Prussian region, including Warmia. The new régime reduced many of the native Prussians to the status of serfs and gradually Germanized them. Over several centuries the colonists, native Prussians and immigrants gradually intermingled. In 1242 the papal legate William of Modena set up four dioceses, including the Archbishopric of Warmia. From the 13thcentury new colonists, mainly Germans, settled in the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights (with Warmia) (the Duchy of Prussia, Lutheran from 1525 onwards, granted refuge to Protestant Poles, Lithuanians, Scots and Salzburgers). The bishopric was exempt and was governed by a prince-bishop, confirmed by Emperor Charles IV. The Bishops of Warmia were usually Germans or Poles, although Enea Silvio Piccolomini, the later Pope Pius II, served as an Italian bishop of the diocese. After the 1410 Battle of Grunwald, Bishop Heinrich Vogelsang of Warmia surrendered to King Władysław II Jagiełło of Poland, and later with Bishop Henry of Sambiagave homage to the Polish king at the Polish camp during the siege of Marienburg Castle (Malbork). After the Polish army moved out of Warmia, the new Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, Heinrich von Plauen the Elder, accused the bishop of treachery and reconquered the region. Polish Crown The Second Peace of Thorn (1466) removed Warmia from the control of the Teutonic Knights and placed it under the sovereignty of the Crown of Poland as part of the province of Royal Prussia, although with several privileges. Soon after, in 1467, the Cathedral Chapter elected Nicolas von Tüngen against theas well as Cathedral Chapter swore an oath to the Polish king. Later in the Treaty of Piotrków Trybunalski (December 7, 1512), conceded to the king of Poland a limited right to determine the election of bishops by choosing four candidates from Royal Prussia. After the Union of Lublin in 1569 Duchy of Warmia was officially directly included as part of the Polish crown within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. At the same time the territory continued to enjoy substantial autonomy, with many legal differences from neighbouring lands. For example, the bishops were by law members of Polish Senat and the landelected MP's to the Sejmik resp. Landtag of Royal Prussia as well as MP's to the Sejm of Poland. Warmia was under the Church jurisdiction of the Archbishopric of Riga until 1512, when Prince-Bishop Lucas Watzenrode received exempt status, placing Warmia directly under the authority of the Pope (in terms of church jurisdiction), which remained until the resolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. Prussia By the First Partition of Poland in 1772, Warmia was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia; the properties of the Archbishopric of Warmia were secularized by the Prussian state. In 1773 Warmia was mergedwith the surrounding areas into the newly established province of East Prussia. Ignacy Krasicki, the last prince-bishop of Warmia as well as Enlightenment Polish poet, friend of Frederick the Great (whom he did not give homage as his new king), was nominated to the Archbishopric of Gnesen (Gniezno) in 1795. After the last partition of Poland and during his tenure as Archbishop of Poland and Prussian subject he was ordered by Pope Pius VI to teach his Catholic Poles to 'stay obedient, faithful, and loving to their new kings', Papal brief of 1795. The Prussian census in 1772 showed aWarsaw - Polish–Soviet War in 1920, the region remained in Germany, as in the Warmian district of Allenstein (Olsztyn) 86,53% and in the district of Rössel (Reszel) 97,9% voted for Germany. The persecutions of the German governments and militias worsened in the late 1930s when Hitler was in power, and the Poles in Warmia were subject to harsh persecution by German authorities and militias, such as attacks on schools and centers. During World War II Germany sought to suppress all elements of social and political life of the Polish minority in Germany by interning and murdering Polish activists and leaders,including the ones in Warmia. Unlike the rest of Protestant East Prussia, Warmia retained its Catholicism and Catholic-related folk customs, all the way through 1945. Polish Republic At the Yalta Conference and Potsdam Conference of 1945, the victorious Allies, at Stalin's demand, divided East Prussia into the two parts now known as Oblast Kaliningrad (in Russia) and the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (in Poland), making Warmia part of Poland as part of the so-called Recovered Territories, pending a final peace conference with Germany which eventually never took place. Most of the population was evacuated or fled the advancing Red Army in 1945.Prior to the Potsdam Conference, during the Soviet winter 1945 offensive (Vistula–Oder Offensive), the Red Army overran Warmia. Olsztyn is the largest city in Warmia and the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivedeship. During 1945-46, Warmia was part of the Okreg Mazurski (Masurian District). In 1946 a new voivodeship was created and named the Olsztyn Voivodeship, which encompassed both Warmia and Masurian counties. In 1975 this voivodeship was redistricted and survived in this form until the new redistricting and renaming in 1999 as Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. The Catholic character of Warmia has been preserved in the architecture of its villages and towns,as well as in folk customs. Cities and towns Gallery People Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 in Toruń – 1543 in Frombork), mathematician and astronomer Stanislaus Hosius (1504 in Krakow – 1579 in Capranica), Polish writer and diplomat, Bishop of Warmia Marcin Kromer (1512 in Biecz – 1589 in Lidzbark Warmiński), Polish cartographer, diplomat and historian, personal secretary of Kings of Poland, Bishop of Warmia Regina Protmann (1552 in Braunsberg – 1613 in Braunsberg), Polish Roman Catholic, founder of the Sisters of Saint Catherine Andrzej Chryzostom Załuski (1650 – 1711 in Dobre Miasto), Polish translator, prolific writer, Bishop of Warmia Ignacy KrasickiBarzel (1924 in Braunsberg – 2006 in Munich), German CDU politician Georg Sterzinsky (1936 in Warlack – 2011 in Berlin), German cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and the Archbishop of Berlin See also Prince-Bishopric of Warmia Archbishopric of Warmia Bishops of Warmia References Erwin Kruk, "Warmia i Mazury", Wydawnictwo Dolnośląskie, Wrocław 2003, External links Ermland, Heilsberg, Culm, Riesenburg, Samland bishoprics on 1615 list of Imperial Offices (Ordines Imperii) Region of Warmia Warmia and Masuria Catholic Ermlanders page ca. 1547 map of Prussia including Warmia Heilsberg Epicopate Warmia in Prussia map of 1755 Category:Royal Prussia Category:Subdivisions of Prussia Category:Regions of ### Assistant:
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### User: Ulrich Lichtenthaler (born 1978) is a German economist who held the Chair of Management and Organization at the University of Mannheim until March 2015. Life Ulrich Lichtenthaler studied European Economy at the Otto-Friedrich University in Bamberg and at the Universidad de Granada, graduating with a double degree as Dipl.-Kfm. and European Master of Business Sciences (E.M.B.Sc.). He went on to receive a doctorate at the WHU-Otto Beisheim School of Management under Prof. Holger Ernst at the Chair for Technology and Innovation Management in 2006, writing a dissertation with the title Leveraging Knowledge Assets: Success Factors of External Technology Commercialization. Inlate 2009, he received his Habilitation with a thesis by publication at the WHU before becoming a visiting professor at the Technical University Berlin for a few months. Then, he followed a call by his alma mater in February 2010 and became professor of the newly created Chair for Innovation and Organization at the WHU. Lichtenthaler then held the Chair of Management and Organization at the University of Mannheim from 2011 to 2015. Work Lichtenthaler's research focuses on the management of artificial intelligence and digital transformation as well as organization theory, innovation management and strategic management, primarily using quantitative, empiricalmethods. He published in some business journals, including the Academy of Management Journal, Organization Science and the Strategic Management Journal, and he is author of the book Integrated Intelligence. Lichtenthaler's research publications earned him several awards in Germany. He received the "Best Paper Award in Innovation Management", awarded by WHU, and the "Nachwuchspreis des Verbands der Deutschen Hochschullehrer für Betriebswirtschaft", an award given to promising young academics in the field of business research, and the 2009 Handelsblatt ranking listed him first among German business and economic researchers under 40 and 17th in term of lifetime publications. These achievements were primarilybased on the publication record of Lichtenthaler. However, this publication record collapsed when a large number of Lichtenthalers' paper were retracted after severe irregularities were discovered through investigations by different research groups, several of the affected journals, as well as commissions of WHU and the University of Mannheim. Publications controversy In 2012, a publications controversy (around a pattern of undeclared, multiple submissions resulting in parallel publication of similar papers, misrepresentation the significance of statistical findings, and removal of variables in some Lichtenthaler's papers despite that these variables were being reported as significant in his other papers on the same data) ### Assistant:
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### User: Boris Mikhaylovich Shaposhnikov () ( – March 26, 1945) was a Soviet military commander, Chief of the Staff of the Red Army, and Marshal of the Soviet Union. Biography Shaposhnikov, born at Zlatoust, near Chelyabinsk in the Urals, had Orenburg Cossack origins. He joined the army of the Russian Empire in 1901 and graduated from the Nicholas General Staff Academy in 1910, reaching the rank of colonel in the Caucasus Grenadiers division in September 1917 during World War I. Also in 1917, unusually for an officer of his rank, he supported the Russian Revolution, and in May 1918 joined theRed Army. Shaposhnikov was one of the few Red Army commanders with formal military training, and in 1921 he became 1st Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army's General Staff, where he served until 1925. He was appointed commander of the Leningrad Military District in 1925 and then of the Moscow Military District in 1927. From 1928 to 1931 he served as Chief of the Staff of the Red Army, replacing Mikhail Tukhachevsky, with whom he had a strained relationship。He was then demoted to commanded the Volga Military District from April 1931 to 1932 as a result of slanderous accusationsof belonging to a clandestine organization by an arrested staff officer. In 1932 he was appointed commandant of the Red Army's Frunze Military Academy, then in 1935 returned to the command of the Leningrad region. In 1937 he was appointed Chief of the General Staff, in succession to Alexander Ilyich Yegorov, a victim of a Case of Trotskyist Anti-Soviet Military Organization secret trial during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge of the Red Army. In May 1940 he was appointed a Marshal of the Soviet Union. Despite his background as a Tsarist officer, Shaposhnikov won the respect and trust of Stalin. Hisits publication in 1929. Fortunately for the Soviet Union, Shaposhnikov had a fine military mind and high administrative skills. He combined these talents with his position in Stalin's confidence to rebuild the Red Army leadership after the purges. He obtained the release from the Gulag of 4,000 officers deemed necessary for this operation. In 1939 Stalin accepted Shaposhnikov's plan for a rapid buildup of the Red Army's strength. Although the plan was not completed before the German invasion of June 1941, it had advanced sufficiently to save the Soviet Union from complete disaster. Shaposhnikov planned the 1939 invasion of Finland,class with Swords and Bow (22 July 1916) Three Orders of Lenin (31 December 1939, 3 October 1942, 21 February 1945) Order of the Red Banner, twice (14 October 1921, 3 November 1944) Order of Suvorov, 1st class (22 February 1944) Order of the Red Star, twice (15 January 1934, 22 February 1938) Jubilee Medal "XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army" (22 February 1938) Medal "For the Defence of Moscow" (1 May 1944) See also Russian destroyer Marshal Shaposhnikov (BPK 543) References Citations Bibliography External links Category:1882 births Category:1945 deaths Category:People from Zlatoust Category:People from Ufa GovernorateCategory:Russian nobility Category:Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union candidate members Category:First convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Category:Marshals of the Soviet Union Category:Russian military writers Category:Imperial Russian Army personnel Category:Russian military personnel of World War I Category:Soviet military personnel of World War II Category:Frunze Military Academy alumni Category:Recipients of the Order of Suvorov, 1st class Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class Category:Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus, ### Assistant:
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### User: Irene E. Parmelee, her surname also spelled Parmely (1847 – 1934), was an American painter and portrait artist. Early life Irene E. Parmelee born in Guilford, Connecticut. She was the daughter of Mary and Horton L. Parmelee, a farmer. Her older siblings were Emily, Charles, Mary, and Jane. Education Parmelee studied under Henry Bryant of Hartford beginning in 1872 and the following year with Nathaniel Jocelyn in New Haven. She studied for a year at the Yale Art School, which had just begun admitting women, under Robert Walter Weir. Still stating to others that she was still a student, sheopened a studio in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1875. Parmelee later traveled to Paris and attended the Académie Julian from 1881 to 1884 where she studied with Joseph-Nicolas Robert-Fleury, Pierre Auguste Cot, and Jules Joseph Lefebvre. Career She was a career portrait artist and operated a studio in Springfield, Massachusetts from 1875 to 1929. Parlee painted the portrait of Marcus Perrin Knowlton, Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, made after a photogravure, in 1912. It hung in the court house in Springfield following a formal presentation ceremony at the fourth annual Massachusetts Bar Association meeting in December of thatyear. She was paid $1,125 () for the framed painting. Parmelee made a portrait of Samuel Bowles, III, who was an editor of the Republican and a City Library Association member for 37 years and was on the board of directors for 24 years. His wife donated the portrait to the Springfield Library, which was hung next to a portrait of his father, Samuel Bowles, II. Death She died on August 29, 1934 in Los Angeles, California. Works A partial list of her paintings are: Amherst College, Mead Art Museum, Amherst, Massachusetts Chester W. Chapin (b. 1798), oil, copy after ### Assistant:
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### User: Boguszowice Stare () is a district of Rybnik, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. In the late 2013 it had about 7,700 inhabitants. Boguszowice, existing from the Middle Ages, was an urban-type settlement and in years 1962-1975 a separate town. Stare, meaning literally Old, was added in 1975 when Boguszowice was amalgamated with Rybnik and split to form its two separate districts: Boguszowice Stare, encompassing the oldest part of the settlement, including the Sacred Heart church; Boguszowice Osiedle, consisting of large working class housing estates; History The village was mentioned in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatusVratislaviensis from around 1305 as item Bogussovitz solvit decimam more polonico et valet tres marcas. The village was certainly older and was a seat of a Catholic parish in Żory deanery of Diocese of Wrocław, established probably in the second half of the 13th century, first mentioned in 1335 as Boguslavicz in an incomplete register of Peter's Pence payment composed by Galhard de Carceribus. Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz, within feudally fragmentated Poland, ruled by a local branch of the Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the Upper Silesian duchies became a fee ofthe Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy. After Silesian Wars it became a part of the Kingdom of Prussia. After World War I in the Upper Silesia plebiscite 586 out of 723 voters in Boguszowice voted in favour of joining Poland, against 134 opting for staying in Germany. In 1922 it became a part of Silesian Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic. They were then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Poland. In years 1945-1954 it was a seat of a gmina, encompassing also ### Assistant:
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### User: This is a list of music-related events in 1808. Events December 20 – The original Covent Garden Theatre in London is destroyed by a fire, along with most of the scenery, costumes and scripts. December 22 – Beethoven concert of 22 December 1808: Ludwig van Beethoven conducts and plays piano in a marathon benefit concert at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna consisting entirely of first public performances of works by him including the Symphony No. 5, Symphony No. 6, Piano Concerto No. 4 and Choral Fantasy. Harvard University forms its own orchestra. Ignaz Schuppanzigh founds the Razumovsky quartet.Ignaz Assmayer becomes organist of St. Peter's Abbey in Salzburg. Popular Music "Believe Me, if All Those Endearing Young Charms", part of the Irish Melodies by poet Thomas Moore and composer (Sir) John Andrew Stevenson Classical Music Ludwig van Beethoven Symphony No. 5, Op. 67 (completed) Symphony No. 6, Op. 68 Cello Sonata No. 3, Op. 69 Piano Trios Op. 70 (including the "Ghost" Piano Trio) Fantasia in C minor, Op. 80 2 Marches for Military Band, WoO 18-19 "Andenken", WoO 136 Bernhard Henrik Crusell – Clarinet Concerto no. 2 Johann Nepomuk Hummel – Piano Sonata No.4, Op. 38 Etienne ### Assistant:
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### User: David William McLetchie CBE (6 August 1952 – 12 August 2013) was a Scottish Conservative politician who served as Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party from 1999 to 2005 and Member of the Scottish Parliament for Edinburgh Pentlands from 2003 to 2011, and Lothian from 1999 to 2003 and 2011 to 2013. Career Born in Edinburgh, McLetchie became leader of the Scottish Conservatives upon the creation of the Scottish Parliament, in 1999, and was the MSP for the Lothians electoral region (1999–2003). In 2003, he was elected as the constituency MSP for the Edinburgh Pentlands constituency. He was forced toresign as Scottish Conservative leader following a scandal over his expense claims in 2005. He was re-elected in Edinburgh Pentlands in 2007, but lost his seat to the SNP in 2011. Although not re-elected in Pentlands, he was returned to Parliament as a "list" MSP for the Lothian region. Education and career He graduated from the University of Edinburgh with a degree in Law in 1974, having attended Leith Academy and George Heriot's School. McLetchie trained as a solicitor with Shepherd and Wedderburn, before joining Tods Murray where he was assumed a partner. He specialised in tax, trusts, and estateplanning. In 1979, he contested the Edinburgh Central seat for the Conservatives, but lost to Robin Cook of the Labour Party. Member of the Scottish Parliament Leader of the Scottish Conservatives Since 1999, he was a Member of the Scottish Parliament. He was also Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party from 1999 until 2005, having been elected in the 1998 Scottish Conservative Party leadership election. Initially he was elected as an additional member for the Lothian region, but at the 2003 election he won the first past the post seat of Edinburgh Pentlands. Resignation David McLetchie announced his resignation aswas re-elected as MSP for Edinburgh Pentlands with an increased share of the vote and his majority doubled. On his return, he was made Conservative Chief Whip and business manager, a role which was set to be more important than ever before; given the minority SNP administration. At the Scottish Parliament election on 5 May 2011, he lost the Edinburgh Pentlands seat to Gordon MacDonald of the SNP. He was re-elected, despite this loss, as a list MSP for the Lothian region. McLetchie was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2013 Birthday Honours.He died of cancer on 12 August 2013. References External links Biography from the Scottish Conservative website Biography from scottish.parliament.uk Category:1952 births Category:2013 deaths Category:Members of the Scottish Parliament for Edinburgh constituencies Category:People educated at Leith Academy Category:People educated at George Heriot's School Category:Leaders of the Scottish Conservative Party Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Category:Conservative MSPs Category:Scottish solicitors Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh Category:Members of the Scottish Parliament 1999–2003 Category:Members of the Scottish Parliament 2003–2007 Category:Members of the Scottish Parliament 2007–2011 Category:Members of the Scottish Parliament 2011–2016 Category:Deaths from cancer in Scotland Category:Scottish Conservative Party parliamentary ### Assistant:
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### User: Herbert Richard Lambert, FRPS, (1882– 7 March 1936, 53-54 years of age at time of death) was a British portrait photographer known for his portrayals of professional musicians and composers including Gustav Holst. In 1923 he published Modern British Composers: Seventeen Portraits in collaboration with Sir Eugene Goossens, and in 1926, he became managing director of the Elliott & Fry portrait studio. In 1930, he published Studio portrait lighting, a technical guidebook. He is also responsible for salvaging much of the 19th-century photography of Henry Fox Talbot, by re-photographing the remains of Talbot's photographs. In addition to photography, Lambert was ### Assistant:
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### User: Doruk Çetin (15 May 1987, Istanbul), Turkish film director, film producer, photographer, actor. He is the nephew of film director Sinan Cetin and Muhsin Ertugrul who had important contributions to both Turkish theatre and Turkish cinema. He had established Vodvil Management and Miasma Film located in Istanbul & Los Angeles. He shows activities in Hollywood with participation of make-up artist Jason Lotfi who had worked with such artists like Madonna and Ben Stiller. Doruk Çetin starred in a feature film titled Yankee Go Home starring Leelee Sobieski, Jeroen Krabbé, Mehmet Aslan and Omur Arpaci, directed by his uncle Sinan Cetin. ### Assistant:
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### User: Erling Sverdrup (23 February 1917 – 15 March 1994) was a Norwegian statistician and actuarial mathematician. He played an instrumental role in building up and modernising the fields of mathematical statistics and actuarial science in Norway, primarily at the Department of Mathematics at the University of Oslo but also via his links to Statistics Norway. During the second world war Sverdrup was involved with the cryptography part of the war efforts, specifically also with organising and recruiting other mathematicians to the Norwegian cryptography branch, spending part of this time in London. He completed his actuarial exams autumn 1945. He thenbecame scientific assistant at the Insurance Mathematical Seminar at the University Oslo in 1948, where the education of actuaries was organised, after which he spent stipend years in the USA and completed his PhD there in 1952. In 1953 he was made a professor of insurance mathematics and mathematical statistics at the University of Oslo, a position he held until his retirement. In 1954, Sverdrup became an elected member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. He was elected as an honorary member of the Norwegian Statistical Association and the Norwegian Association of Actuaries, for his role in establishingand strengthening actuarial education in Norway. In 1969 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. The Sverdrup Prize was established in 2007 by the Norwegian Statistical Association, consisting of an award to a prominent statistician ("an eminent representative of the statistics profession") and a second award to a younger statistician who has authored or coauthored a high quality journal article, with these prizes to be awarded every second year. The four first recipients of the senior Sverdrup Prize have been Dag Tjøstheim (2009), Tore Schweder (2011), Nils Lid Hjort (2013) and Odd Aalen (2015). References External ### Assistant:
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### User: Crocodile Garments () is a textile and garments company based in Hong Kong. Crocodile Garments was founded by the late Dr. Chan Shun (1917-1997) in 1952. History When he was young, Chan learnt to sew and fix sewing machines, which he used to earn money while traveling between Chinese towns in his teenage years. Chan founded his company, then called the Li Wah Man Shirt Factory (), in 1952. The brand of Crocodile Garments was introduced after Chan wanted his products to be as "tough and luxurious as crocodile skin". The company was able to secure the trademark, initially registeredin 1910 by Germans before it was confiscated by British authorities after World War II. Chan retired in 1970 and let his children run the company. Crocodile Garments was first listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 1971, and in 1987, the business was sold to Lai Sun Garment, controlled by the late billionaire Lim Por Yen. Crocodile Garments originally sold dress shirts before expanding to become the largest chain garment store in Hong Kong. They exported to Japan, Singapore and other Asian Countries. A second line called Cal-Thomas was started in CA, USA. Crocodile emerged as the leadingfashion label with the expansion of a woman's line and children's line called CrocoKids. At its peak, Crocodile garments was the largest garment chain before the conception of G2000, Giordano, U2 and Bossini in the 1990s. In 1980, Crocodile Garments partnered with French clothing company Lacoste to become the sole distributor of Lacoste products in Hong Kong. Legal dispute with Lacoste Despite the Hong Kong distribution deal with Lacoste, Crocodile had a long-standing dispute over the logo and clothing lines with the French company. Crocodile uses a crocodile logo that faces left, while Lacoste uses one that faces right. Lacostehad registered their trademark in mainland China in 1980, the same year both companies agreed to let Crocodile have exclusive rights to sell Lacoste goods in Hong Kong. When Crocodile attempted to apply for a trademark in mainland China however, Lacoste filed lawsuits in 1998 in both Hong Kong and Beijing, asking for a 3.5-million-yuan compensation. Lacoste alleged that as part of their distribution agreement, Crocodile promised to not use any logo similar to Lacoste's outside of Hong Kong. Lacoste won their Hong Kong lawsuit in 1999. The two fought an extended fight for the logo rights in China, but ### Assistant:
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### User: Joel Emer is a pioneer in computer performance analysis techniques and a microprocessor architect. He is currently a researcher at Nvidia, and a Professor of the Practice at MIT, and was formerly an Intel Fellow. He was the 2009 recipient of the Eckert–Mauchly Award, an ACM/IEEE joint award for contributions to computer and digital systems architecture. Dr Emer received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign under the supervision of Prof. Edward S. Davidson. His first job immediately after graduation was at Digital Equipment Corporation where he initially worked on VAX performance evaluation and then on Alpha performance1 MIPS as was previously claimed by DEC. That result helped popularize what Clark called the iron law of performance that related cycles per instruction (CPI), frequency and number of instructions to computer performance. Dr Emer has also contributed to simultaneous multithreading (SMT), memory dependence prediction via store sets, and soft error analysis, and led the development of the Asim simulator. References Notes Emer, Joel S.; Clark, Douglas W. (1984). "A characterization of processor performance in the VAX-11/780". Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture. pp. 301–310. Category:Living people Category:1954 births Category:Purdue University alumni Category:University of Illinois ### Assistant:
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### User: Steve Van Wormer (born December 8, 1969) is an American actor and voice actor. Early life and career He was born in Flint, Michigan, attended Grand Blanc Community High School and Michigan State University, and moved to Los Angeles, California upon graduation. He has acted in movies including Groove, Meet the Deedles, and Jingle All The Way. His television appearances include Without a Trace, Johnny Tsunami and Turks, as well as The Tonight Show. Van Wormer has provided voices for video games, including GRID, Operation Flashpoint: Dragon Rising, Turok, Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles, X-Men: The Official Game, and Tony ### Assistant:
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### User: Ivantosaurus is an extinct genus of therapsid that lived in Russia during the Wordian stage of the Permian period.Some paleontologists have suggested that Ivantosaurus is a large species of Eotitanosuchus. Description It is known only from the fragmentary remains of its jaw. Maxilla short and high.Its skull was long, about a meter in length. It was carnivorous and may have grown to a length of 6 meters, approx. Ivantosaurus would have been the largest carnivorous therapsid known, exceeding in size even the largest Late Wordian/early Capitanian anteosaurs. Teeth Two canine teeth are set side-to-side in Ivantosaurus' jaw and with theiraxes inclined forward.It is possible that this therapsid had a unique dentition (no other known animal has two sets of canine teeth), but more likely that a replacement tooth was growing in next to the old tooth about to be lost.Sigogneau-Russell (1989) seems to think this is unlikely, which would make this a quite different animal from Eotitanosuchus. As with the therocephalian family Lycosuchidae, these may simply be replacement canines. There are few known animals, living or extinct, with two sets of canines(It would be a very inefficient chewing mechanism). See also List of therapsids References External links Eotitanosuchidae at ### Assistant:
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### User: Cache Creek Casino Resort is a casino/resort located in Brooks, California, in Northern California's Capay Valley. Opened as a bingo hall in July 1985, it was renovated in 2002 and completed in 2004 as a destination resort. The connected hotel contains 200 rooms, including 27 suites. Cache Creek offers 2,300 slot machines, more than 120 table games, a 14 table poker room, day spa, nine restaurants, and an 18-hole championship golf course. History On June 25, 1985, the Rumsey Band of the Wintun Indians (now known as the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation) opened a modest bingo hall on their Rancheriain Brooks. The popularity of Cache Creek Indian Bingo & Casino soared immediately and on October 7, 1993 the hall was expanded to include card games. A second expansion began in 1996 and was opened in phases in 1998 and 1999. The bingo hall now had a 1,200 seat capacity and three new restaurants were opened, including China Camp and a 150-seat buffet. After California Governor Gray Davis signed the State Gaming Compact in 1999, the casino added slot machines and more table games. In 2002, the tribe announced plans to build a $200 million property, renamed Cache Creek CasinoResort, on land adjacent to the existing facility. Completed and opened in 2004, the resort now features nine restaurants, the 600-seat Club 88, the multi-purpose Event Center and of casino floor space. Beginning in November 2006, Cache Creek Resort remodeled again, removing the Bingo Hall/Event Center and expanding the poker room and slot machine area. This remodel also included a sports bar and grill called the Sportspage. In 2010 the Tribe announced their Event Center Project (ECP) which is designed to offer additional amenities at the Resort (including wireless access for all areas), provide additional administrative support space, as well ### Assistant:
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### User: Dominick Muermans (born 17 July 1984 in Geleen, Netherlands) is a Dutch racing driver. Dominick raced full-time in the Atlantic Championship in the 2008 season. Since 2008, he has raced in the Superleague Formula, in the 2008 season he raced for Al Ain in the Italian round and in the 2009 season he was driver for PSV Eindhoven in the first half of the season before being replaced by Carlo van Dam. Motorsports Career Results Career summary † - Team standings. Superleague Formula 2008-2009 (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap) 2009 Super Final Results ### Assistant:
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### User: Emmanuel Monick (January 10, 1893, Le Mans, France – December 23, 1983?) was a French politician and banker. He was appointed Governor of the Banque de France during the liberation of France at the end of World War II, replacing Yves Bréart de Boisanger, Inspector of Finance in Vichy France. As the Secretary General of Finance in the Provisional Government of the French Republic from August 29 to September 4, 1944, he had to decide what to do about the gold that the Nazi Party requisitioned from the National Bank of Belgium following the Second Armistice at Compiègne in 1940,which they later sold to the Swiss National Bank. The 220 tons of gold were repaid to the National Bank of Belgium at the end of 1944 from the Banque de France’s own reserves. Monick negotiated recovery for the Banque de France of 90 tons of gold and 250 million Swiss francs. Biography As a result of his participation in World War I, Monick was awarded the Legion of Honour and the Croix de Guerre with five palms and two stars. After World War I, he was a financial at the French embassy in Washington, where he became great friendsMarjolin his senior political advisor. The Vichy government realized that he did not support its agenda of collaboration and recalled him to France, with an order sent by cable from Otto Abetz and requested by Joachim von Ribbentrop. Once back in France, he went underground, hiding in Ain and then in Paris, and going by his resistance alias of . He participated in many resistance activities, with in particular, and attended the August 25, 1944 meeting of the Provisory Council of the Republic at the which set up the government that would succeed Maréchal Pétain. Monick helped liberate the Ministryof Finance at the request of Alexandre Parodi. He became the Secretary General of Finance in the government that took power from Vichy. Citing policy differences with the government, he left his post as Governor of the Bank of France in 1949, which caused some concern in the markets. Monick became President of the Bank of Paris and the Netherlands (which later became BNP Paribas), and later Honorary President of the same bank. When Charles de Gaulle began to question the future of French institutions, he asked Emmanuel Molnick to arrange a secret meeting with the Count of Paris. Ittook place on July 13, 1954 at Monick's home in Saint-Léger-en-Yvelines. In an interview with Point de Vue's Image du Monde on the Count's 80th birthday, the Countess of Paris said that this was the first time the two met. The count gives his account of the meeting in Dialogue sur la France, Fayard, 1994. During the summer of 1956, Monick also arranged several discreet meetings between de Gaulle and foreign heads of state such as Mohammed V of Morocco, or political figures such as the French President . Until the end of his life Emmanuel Monick was influential, respectedand consulted by many in the business and political worlds. Works Tomorrow peace (Demain la paix) (with Michel Debré), Paris, Editions Plon, 1945 For the record (Pour mémoire), Paris, Editions Mesnil, 1970 Remaking of France (Refaire la France), written in secret with Michel Debré under their resistance aliases Jacquier (Debré) and Bruere (Monick), Paris, Plon 1945: They first sketched the institutional architecture of the French Fifth Republic in this work. References External links http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2005/06/HALIMI/12484 https://www.amazon.fr/Livres/s?ie=UTF8&rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AEmmanuel%20Monick&field-author=Emmanuel%20Monick&page=1 https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL5769995A/Emmanuel_Monick http://www.banque-france.fr/fr/instit/histoire/grandes-dates.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20101213102431/http://academie-francaise.fr/immortels/base/publications/oeuvres.asp?param=676 https://web.archive.org/web/20120402114850/http://www.webeconomie.com/politique/biographie-michel-debre-4-113.html http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/#details?id=Calames-200912141112536711317#culture=fr Category:1893 births Category:1983 deaths Category:People from Le Mans Category:20th-century French politicians Category:French bankers Category:Governors of the Banque de France Category:French ### Assistant:
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### User: Events from the year 1881 in the United Kingdom. Incumbents Monarch – Victoria Prime Minister – William Ewart Gladstone (Liberal) Parliament – 22nd Events 1 January – postal orders issued for the first time in Britain. 14 January – Fenian dynamite campaign in Britain begins: A bomb explodes at a military barracks in Salford, Lancashire; a young boy is killed. 17–18 January – blizzard over southern parts of Britain. 18 January – First Boer War: British forces defeated at the Battle of Laing's Nek. 8 February – First Boer War:ish forces defeated at the Battle of Schuinshoogte. 27 February –March – Edward Rudolf founds the 'Church of England Central Society for Providing Homes for Waifs and Strays' (later The Children's Society). 3 April – census in the United Kingdom. Two-thirds of the population are urbanised; one-seventh live in London. 5 April – the Treaty of Pretoria gives the Boers self-government in the Transvaal under a theoretical British oversight. 9 April – Old Carthusians F.C. beat Old Etonians 3–0 in the FA Cup Final at The Oval, the last time it will be played between two amateur sides. 18 April – the Natural History Museum is opened in London. 19July – first publication of the London Evening News. August – the Sunday Closing (Wales) Act prohibits the sale of alcohol in Wales on a Sunday. This is the first act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, Great Britain or England since the 1542 Act of Union between England and Wales whose application is restricted to Wales. 16 August – a tribunal is set up under the Second Irish Land Act to examine excessive rents. 26 September – Godalming becomes the first town to have its streets illuminated by electric light (hydroelectrically generated). 10 October – Richard D'Oyly Carte's Savoy ### Assistant:
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### User: Tengan Paciencia (also named Tengan Paciencia: The Mixtape) [English: Have Patience] is the fifth compilation album by Puerto Rican reggaeton duo Jowell & Randy, released digitally in January 2010 as a prelude to their next studio album, El Momento, which was released in April 2010. The album contains 19 songs. Track list "Intro" "Tapú Tapú" (Ft. De La Ghetto) "Caca E Vaca" "Se Enciende El Party" (Ft. Guelo Star) "ChocoPop" (Ft. Maicol & Manuel) "Hasta Que Salga El Sol" (Ft. Tito "El Bambino") "Patas De Tarantula" (Ft. De La Ghetto) "El Cuero" R-1 (Ft. Jowell & Randy) "Velame El Agua"(Ft. Tony Lenta) "Vengan Bellakas" – Maicol (Ft. Jowell & Maldy) "Descara 2.0" – Yomo (Ft. Jowell & Randy, De La Ghetto & Guelo Star) "Las Promesas" – Randy "Na Na Nau" (Remix) – Cosculluela (Ft. Jowell & Randy) "En El Pensamiento" - Cosculluela (Ft. Jowell & Randy)/La Iglesia Del Perreo - (Ft. Juno) "Loco Contigo" – Jowell "Luchar" – Randy "Nota Loka" (Ft. Guelo Star) "Amor De Lejos" - Baby Rasta & Gringo (Ft. Yomo, Jowell & Randy) "Papa Dios" - El Sujeto (Ft. Ñejo, Jowell & Randy) Videos Caca E Vaca (Improvised video) Se enciende el Party (feat. ### Assistant:
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### User: The 490s decade ran from January 1, 490, to Significant people Abba Afse, Abuna of Ethiopia Anastasius II, Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, p. 496–498 Mar Aqaq-Acace, Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East, 484–496 Arthur, dux bellorum (leader of battles) and King of the Brythons of later legend Mar Babai I, Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East, 497–503 Benedict of Nursia, founder of Western Christian monasticism Cerdic of Wessex, Saxon invader and future king and founder of the Kingdom of Wessex Cynric of Wessex, Saxon invader and future king of Wessex Euphemius, Patriarch of Constantinople, ### Assistant:
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### User: Murphydoris is a monotypic genus of sea slugs, specifically dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Goniodorididae. Genus description Murphydoris singaporensis Sigurdsson, 1991 is the type species of the monotypic genus Murphydoris. The generic name Murphydoris was created to honor the zoologist and ecologist D. H. Murphy, who is on the staff at the National University of Singapore. The characteristics of the genus Murphydoris is, that it lacks peri-anal ctenidia (comb-like respiratory gills); its rhinophores are non-lamellate and its radula formula is n x 1.1.0.1.1. The lateral teeth are unicuspid (= with a single tapering point) with 12 denticles ### Assistant:
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### User: Jonathan Joseph Merner (April 2, 1864 – February 26, 1929) was a farmer, merchant and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Huron South in the House of Commons of Canada from 1911 to 1921 as a Conservative. He was born in Blake, Canada West, the son of Gottlieb Merner and Enélie Brossoit, and was educated in Hay Township. He established himself as a farmer and merchant at Zurich. In 1900, Merner married Clara Edith Graham. In the 1911 federal election, he campaigned against reciprocity in trade with the United States, arguing that the local trade in horses and salt ### Assistant:
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### User: Cuban cuisine is a blend of Spanish, African, and other Caribbean cuisines. Some Cuban recipes share spices and techniques with Spanish and African cooking, with some Caribbean influence in spice and flavor. This results in a blend of the several different cultural influences, A small but noteworthy Chinese influence can also be accounted for, mainly in the Havana area. There is also some Italian influence. During colonial times, Cuba was an important port for trade, and many Spaniards who lived there brought their culinary traditions with them. Overview As a result of the colonization of Cuba by Spain, one ofthe main influences on the cuisine is from Spain. Other culinary influences include Africa, from the Africans who were brought to Cuba as slaves, and French, from the French colonists who came to Cuba from Haiti. Another factor is that Cuba is an island, making seafood something that greatly influences Cuban cuisine. Another contributing factor to Cuban cuisine is that Cuba is in a tropical climate, which produces fruits and root vegetables that are used in Cuban dishes and meals. A typical meal consists of rice and beans, cooked together or apart. When cooked together the recipe is called "congri"or "Moros" or "Moros y Cristianos" (black beans and rice). If cooked separately it is called "arroz con frijoles" (rice with beans) or "arroz y frijoles" (rice and beans). Cuban sandwich A Cuban sandwich (sometimes called a mixto, especially in Cuba) is a popular lunch item that grew out of the once-open flow of cigar workers between Cuba and Florida (specifically Key West and the Ybor City neighborhood of Tampa) in the late 1800s and has since spread to other Cuban American communities. The sandwich is built on a base of lightly buttered Cuban bread and contains sliced roast pork,Batido Bistec de Palomilla Boliche Buñuelo Butifarra Camarones Chivirico Churros Croqueta Cucurucho Dulce de leche Empanada Flan de calabaza Flan de coco Flan de guayaba Flan de huevos Elena Ruz Frijoles negros Frita Fufú de Plátano Guayaba Majarete Medianoche Mermelada Mojo Criollo Morcilla Moros y Cristianos Natilla Papa rellena Papitas fritas Pasteles Picadillo Platano maduro frito Pudín de pan Pulpeta Ropa vieja Sandwich Cubano Sopa de pollo Tamale Tortilla de patatas Tasajo Tostada Tostones Tres leches cake Turrones Vaca Frita Yuca con mojo Yuca frita List of Cuban drinks Cafe Cubano - Cuban espresso Cuba Libre – Rum, Coca-Cola, sugar,and lime Daiquiri - Rum, Lime, syrup (variations with fruit) El Presidente Guarapo – juice made from pressed sugar cane Hatuey beer Ironbeer Malta (soft drink) – malt beverage Materva Mojito – Rum, mint, sugar, lime, and club soda Jupina - pineapple soda Cortadito - Cuban espresso and steamed evaporated milk Carajillo - Cuban Espresso, Liquor 43 Piña Colada - rum, pineapple, and coconut See also Caribbean cuisine Flattop grill References Bibliography Aróstegui, Gonzalo, et al.: Manual del Cocinero Criollo, Cuba, 19th century. Buchmann, Christine. "Cuban Home Gardens and Their Role in Social–Ecological Resilience." Human Ecology: An Interdisciplinary Journal 37.6(2009): 705-721. 16 Jan. 2010. Cancio-Bello, Carla. "The Growing Popularity of Cuban Cuisine." (2012): http://www.cubancuisine.co.uk Carris Alonso, Cynthia. "A Taste of Cuba: A Journey Through Cuba and its Savory Cuisine." Apollo Publishers, 2018 Folch, Christine. "Fine Dining: Race in Prerevolution Cookbooks." Latin American Research Review 43.2 (2008): 205-223. 3 Feb. 2010. Hunt, Nigel. "The Agriculture History in Cuba." Cuba Agriculture. 2008. Web. 11 Feb 2010. Murray, James. "Cuban Cuisine, Cuba History and Their Food." 2009. Articlesbase. Web. 16 January 2010. Reyes Gavilán y Maen, Maria Antonieta: Delicias de la mesa. Manual de Cocina y Reposteria, 12ed., Ediciones Cultural S.A., LaHabana, 1952. Rodriguez, Hector. "Cuban Food Profile: Cuban Food History." 2010. Latinfood.about.com. Web 16 January 2010. Villapol, Nitza: Cocina Cubana, 3ed., , Editorial Cientifico-Técnica, Habana, 1992. Warwick, Hugh. "Cuba's Organic Revolution." Forum for Applied Research & Public Policy 16:2(2001): 54-58. 27 Feb. 2010. Historical aspects of Cuban cuisine Brenner, Philip, Jimenez, Marguerite, Kirk, John, and Leo Grunde, William. A Contemporary Cuba Reader: Reinventing the Revolution. Rowman and Littlefield Publication. 2008. Harpers Weekly. Starvation in Cuba. The New York Times: May 30, 1897. Hernandez, Rafael. Looking at Cuba: Essays on Culture and Civil Society. University of Florida Press, 2003. P. 101 ### Assistant:
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### User: Youssef Dey Mosque, also known as Al B'chamqiya, is a 17th-century mosque in Tunis, Tunisia, located in Medina area of the city. The mosque is considered significant as it was the first Ottoman-Turkish mosque to be built in Tunis. An official Historical Monument, it operated primarily as public speaking venue before becoming a real mosque by Youssef Dey in 1631. At the time it was the 11th mosque to be built in the capital. In the late nineteenth century it underwent extensive restoration, ordered by Ali Bey. A decree in 1926 saw the mosque become an annex of the Universityminbar covered with panels of polychrome marble; this is a novelty by contribution to mosques of Malikis whose minbar is executed in wood. Minaret Its minaret is the first octagonal minaret to be built in Tunis and was made by the Hafsids. The octagonal tower rises above a square base. It ends with a balcony protected by a wooden awning, the whole is crowned by a lantern with pyramidal roof covered with green tiles. Mausoleum The mosque also includes the mausoleum of Youssef Dey, inaugurating in Tunis the funeral mosque in which the tomb of the founder associates with the ### Assistant:
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### User: lived for most of his life in Hout Bay on the Cape Peninsula. Early life Skaife was born in London, England, to Katherine and John Skaife. He spent his boyhood in Bath, Somerset and went to St Marks Grammar School. Educated at Reading University, England, he initially studied in the Arts, even though his passion lay with Biology. In 1911 he took the Intermediate BA examination of London University because Reading at that stage was not a university and could not confer a degree. He then studied for a Teacher's Diploma and passed it with distinction. In 1912 he went1945 he was the Inspector of Science in the Cape Department of Education. In 1922 he received a PhD from the University of Cape Town for his research on bean weevils or the subfamily Bruchinae. Africa has a rich Bruchid fauna, many of them dependent on thorn trees and other indigenous leguminous plants. In the relaxed railway schedules of the time, he sometimes found opportunities to collect new species from thorn trees during halts. During this period he found time to edit Nature Notes (1924–1931) and become one of the first people to make a radio broadcast in South Africa,in which he talked on scorpions (1925). In 1929 he established the Wild Life Protection and Conservation Society (now called the Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa, WESSA), largely as a result of his concern at the widespread destruction of game in Zululand as part of the tsetse fly control campaign. In his capacity as chairman, he helped to establish the Outeniqua Mountain Zebra Reserve, the Bontebok Park, and the Addo Elephant Reserve. During the period 1935–1945 he was Director of the School Broadcasting Service. In 1939, largely through his efforts, the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve wasestablished. He became President of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa in 1940, served as Chairman of the newly created Fisheries Development Corporation from 1945–1951, and during this same period was a member of the Board of Governors of the South African Broadcasting Corporation. In 1950 he was elected President of the Royal Society of South Africa and from 1950–1957 he acted as Vice-chairman of the board of Trustees of the South African Museum. In 1951 he became Chairman of the Fisheries Commission of Northern Rhodesia. In 1952 he retired to his home in Hout Bay and did extensive researchvisited the UK where he spoke about his research work over the BBC and attended the Annual Congress of the British Association in Belfast, Northern Ireland. In 1957 he was awarded a D.Sc. (honoris causa) by the University of Natal, and despite having retired became the President of the Zoological Society of South Africa in 1960. He also found time to lecture in Medical Entomology at the University of Cape Town and serve as President of the then South African Association for the Advancement of Science. He was an entertaining and unpretentious speaker with a pleasant sense of humour anda fine command of his field, and many South African youngsters of that generation had reason to appreciate his kindly and generous response to intelligent questions. On 6 November 1976 he died at Hout Bay in the Cape Peninsula. A daughter and son were born from this marriage: Mary Katherine Rowan "Bunty" d1986 – an eminent ornithologist and author John Skaife b1927 Published works Animal Life in South Africa (Miller, Cape Town 1920) The Strange Old Man (Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1930) South African Nature Notes (Maskew Miller, Cape Town, c1938) African Insect Life (Longmans, Green & Co., London,1953) Dwellers in Darkness – an Introduction to the Study of Termites (Longmans Green & Co., London, 1956) Reminiscences of a Naturalist (1958) The Study of Ants (Longmans, 1961) The Weaker Sex – Brochure based on a series of six talks broadcast in the English Service of the SABC during Feb and March 1961. A Naturalist Remembers (Longmans, Cape Town, 1963) The Amazing World of the Ant (South African Broadcasting Corporation) The Outdoor World of Africa (Longmans, Cape Town) African Insect Life – revised edition by Ledger & Bannister (Struik, Cape Town 1979) Adriaan Hugo – series of Afrikaans detective ### Assistant:
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### User: Shoshana Ribner (also "Rivner", ; February 20, 1938 – 29 June 2007) was an Israeli Olympic swimmer. Biography Shoshana Ribner was born in Vienna, Austria. Her family immigrated to Israel when she was an infant. Ribner began competing as a swimmer at the age of 13. Her trainer, 24-year-old Nachum Buch, swam for Israel at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Ribner's son, Damon Fialkov, was Israel's 200-meter backstroke champion in 1981. Swimming career Ribner joined the Brit Maccabi Atid swimming club of Tel Aviv at the age of 13.She won gold medals in the 100-meter and 400-meter crawls at the 1953Maccabiah Games. She competed for Israel at the 1956 Summer Olympics, when she was 18 years old, in Melbourne, Australia, in Swimming--Women's 100 metre freestyle. She finished 7th in her heat, with a time of 1:10.3, and did not advance to the finals. She was the only female on Israel's 15-person Olympic team. Her best time in the 100 meter freestyle was 1:09.3, and her fastest time for the 400 meter freestyle was 5:42.59, as of 1956. That year she was named Israel's Athlete of the Year. Ribner won two gold medals and two silver medals at the 1957 Maccabiah ### Assistant:
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### User: Pyracantha angustifolia is a species of shrub in the rose family known by the common names narrowleaf firethorn, slender firethorn and woolly firethorn. The flowers are white and produce small round pomes and can be orange to red in color. These fruits are astringent and bitter, making them inedible for humans, but they are a food source for birds. The leaves, fruit and seeds contain hydrogen cyanide, the source of the bitter taste. The stems and branches have sharp spines. This shrub is cultivated and grown in yards and gardens as an ornamental plant. It can be used to make ### Assistant:
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### User: Vince Sheehan (1916-1973) was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s. He played for Western Suburbs in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition. Playing career Sheehan made his first grade debut for Western Suburbs in 1934. That season the club went from wooden spooners in 1933 to winning the minor premiership and premiership in 1934. Sheehan played on the wing in the 1934 grand final victory over Eastern Suburbs at the Sydney Sports Ground with Sheehan scoring a try. As of the 2019 season, no other team since Western Suburbs has come from last place ### Assistant:
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### User: George E. Hibbard (1924–1991) was a Saint Louis-born American art collector, and expert on Tibetan art and culture. Despite his expertise on Tibet, he never actually went there because of Chinese government restrictions. However, much of Tibetan culture can be observed in the immediate border areas of India and Nepal. Hibbard's collection consisted of Thankas (meditation scrolls) and bronze figures dating back to the 16th century. Hibbard befriended the eldest brother of the Dalai Lama, Thubten Norbu, and traveled with him to India, where he was allowed in temples that would have been off-limits had it not been for hisescort. Hibbard gave lectures and presented papers on his field of study at Washington University in St. Louis, Harvard, University of Michigan, University of Denver, Indiana University, Yale the International Congress of Orientalists, the National Convention of the Oriental Society, and the Midwest Conference on Asian Studies. He joined the United States Tibet Society and worked diligently to provide assistance to Tibetan refugees. Footnotes References The Denver Clarion (1972-2-14), "Tibetan Art Lecture" Denver Post (1972-2-14), "Art and the People of Tibet" John Burroughs School Newsletter (1972-1-21), "Alumnus Speaks on Tibet" Saint Louis Art Museum Archival record, retrieved on 7-12-2007 Yale ### Assistant:
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### User: Ivet Bahar is a Turkish-American computational biologist, currently serving as a Distinguished Professor and the John K. Vries Chair at University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Bahar is also the co-founder of an internationally-acclaimed PhD program in Computational Biology, CPCB, jointly offered by the University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University. She was elected to National Academy of Sciences in 2020 . Research Dr. Bahar adapted fundamental theories and methods of polymer statistical mechanics to biomolecular structure and dynamics. She pioneered a modified version of the classical Rouse model, to examine the collective dynamics of proteins modeled as elastic network models (ENMs). ### Assistant:
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### User: Kirishima Kazuhiro (Japanese: 霧島 一博, born April 3, 1959) is a former sumo wrestler from Makizono, Kagoshima, Japan, who held the second highest rank of ōzeki from 1990 to 1992 and won one top division tournament championship, and was runner up in seven others. He is now known as Michinoku Oyakata and is the head coach of Michinoku stable. Early career Beginning his career in March 1975, Kazumi Yoshinaga, as he then was, joined the Izutsu stable. He was given the sumo name Kirishima, which came from the national park in his native Kagoshima Prefecture. He did not become establishedas an elite sekitori wrestler until November 1983 when he produced a 9–6 score at the rank of jūryō 10 (he had made the jūryō division briefly in May 1982 but had lasted only one tournament there). He reached the top makuuchi division for the first time in July 1984, and won a sanshō or special prize for Fighting Spirit in his very first tournament. His good looks and slim build made him popular with female sumo fans, and he was sometimes called "the Alain Delon of Japan." Persistently struggling to gain weight, he enlisted the help of his girlfriendthe following tournament but could only manage a 3–12 record, and when he finally managed to return to san'yaku at komusubi rank in January 1989 he recorded a dismal 1–14. However, later that year he began a new training regime. In addition to his usual practice matches at Izutsu stable, he did regular weight training at a private gymnasium, and supplemented his normal sumo diet with a specially prepared high calorie and high protein drink. His efforts paid off. He returned to komusubi in November 1989 scoring 10 wins, and then turned in an 11–4 mark and runner-up performance inJanuary 1990. In March 1990 at sekiwake he produced a superb 13–2 record, defeating yokozuna Chiyonofuji (for the first time in twelve attempts) and Hokutoumi and all three ōzeki. He took part in a rare three-way playoff with Konishiki and Hokutoumi, who had also finished on 13–2. Although Hokutoumi took the title, after the tournament Kirishima was promoted to ōzeki. It was his second straight runner-up performance, earning him his third Outstanding Performance and fourth Technique Prizes, and a three tournament record of 34 wins and 11 losses. Ōzeki Kirishima had reached sumo's second highest rank at the age of7–8 score after being restricted by an elbow injury, and he had to pull out of the November tournament on Day 8 with only one win after he ruptured ankle ligaments in a bout against Mitoizumi. As a result, he lost his ōzeki status. Later career and retirement Rather than retire, Kirishima chose to carry on fighting in the maegashira ranks. Rather unusually for a former ōzeki, he did not own toshiyori (elder) stock in the Sumo Association and so would have had to borrow a share from an active wrestler or use his own fighting name for a threehe announced his retirement after 21 years in the sport, just short of his 37th birthday. He was the oldest wrestler in any of the professional sumo divisions at the time of his retirement, and was the last active wrestler born in the 1950s. As well as a loss of physical strength and an accumulation of injuries he had lost about 10 kilos in weight since his ōzeki days. He at first borrowed his stablemate Terao's Shikoroyama elder name, then when that was needed by the retiring Kotogaume he used Tagaryū's Katsunoura name before securing the Michinoku name and becomingthe head of the Michinoku stable in December 1997. He has produced several wrestlers with top division experience, including Jūmonji, Toyozakura and Hakuba. In February 2010 he was elected to the Sumo Association's board of Directors, but was forced to step down from his post in April 2011 when four of his wrestlers (Jūmonji, Toyozakura, Hakuba and Kirinowaka) were ordered to retire after being found guilty of match-fixing. The stable absorbed Izutsu stable, Kirishima's old heya, in October 2019. He manages a chanko restaurant, Chanko Kirishima, on Kokugikan Street in Ryogoku, which is one of the more successful restaurants runby ex-wrestlers. Fighting style Kirishima was a yotsu sumo wrestler who preferred grappling techniques to pushing and thrusting. His favoured grip on the opponent's mawashi was hidari-yotsu, a right hand outside, left hand inside position. His most common winning kimarite was yorikiri (force out), and he was also fond of uwatedashinage (pulling overarm throw) and utchari (ring edge throw), the latter of which he memorably used to defeat yokozuna Ōnokuni in September 1988, his first ever kinboshi. His trademark, however, was tsuri-dashi (lift out), a technique requiring tremendous strength and seldom seen today due to the increasing weight of wrestlersand the risk of back injury. Kirishima used tsuri-dashi 29 times in the 15-year period from January 1990, more than any other wrestler. He used it to defeat Chiyonofuji on the sixth day of the March 1990 tournament, leaving Chiyonofuji stuck on 999 wins and delaying the celebrations in the stadium of what would have been the yokozuna's 1000th career victory. Career record See also Glossary of sumo terms List of past sumo wrestlers List of sumo elders List of sumo tournament top division champions List of sumo tournament top division runners-up List of ōzeki References External links Kirishima's tournament ### Assistant:
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### User: Mustafa Fehmi Kubilay (1906- December 23, 1930) was a Turkish teacher and a lieutenant (Turkish: Asteğmen) in the Turkish army. He is considered a "Martyr of the Revolution" ("Devrim Şehidi") in Turkey. Biography Kubilay, the son of Hüseyin and Zeynep, who were Cretan Turks, was born Mustafa Fehmi in Kozan, Adana, Ottoman Empire in 1906. He received his basic education in Aydın from 1913 to 1919, and began a tailors apprenticeship. During his apprenticeship he passed the examination for enrollment into teachers training, he received his teachers credentials in 1926. Mustafa Fehmi adopted a surname after graduation in accordance withKemalist policies and chose the name Kubilay. Kubilay taught in Aydın and later at Zafer Elementary School in Menemen. He was posted in Menemen during his compulsory military service. Kubilay was married to Fatma Vedide in a civil ceremony in Aydın. He had a son, Vedat Aktuğ. Lieutenant Kubilay was killed and beheaded by Naqshbandi (Turkish: Nakşibendi) order Sufi protesters after the troops he commanded fired with wooden bullets into the crowd of armed demonstrators in the Menemen Incident. Lieutenant Kubilay was beheaded, his head impaled on a flagstaff and was paraded around Menemen by the insurgents. The rioters, whosought the return to Sharia law and the Caliphate were all soon arrested and tried by courts-martial. Lieutenant Kubilay became a secular martyr for Atatürk's new republic. Zafer Elementary School in Menemen where Kubilay taught was renamed Kubilay Elementary School (Turkish: Kubilay İlkokulu) in his honor. Kubilay Secondary School (Turkish: Kubilay Ortaokulu) in Menemen is also named in his remembrance. A memorial parade is held by the army annually on 23 December at (the) Martyr Kubilay Memorial (Turkish: Şehit Kubilay Anıtı) located on a hill over-looking Menemen; in remembrance of Kubilay and the two municipal watchmen; Bekçi Hasan and BekçiŞevki who were also killed in the incident. The monument features a tall sculpture by Ratip Aşir Acudoğlu which was erected in 1932. The Kubilay Memorial is a part of Kubilay Barracks, but open to the public. A military honor guard stands continuous watch at the memorial site, which contains the graves of several Turkish soldiers who were killed in the line of duty. References Radikal, 1930 Menemen Olayı bir Nakşibendi tertibi miydi. Ayşe Hür, 30/12/2014 Kubilay Secondary School official site. T.C. MİLLÎ EĞİTİM BAKANLIĞI İZMİR - MENEMEN - KUBİLAY ORTAOKULU M. Fehmi Kubilay. Official Menemen municipal website, retrieved 21 ### Assistant:
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### User: Salia Jusu-Sheriff (1 June 1929 – 19 December 2009) was a Sierra Leonean politician. He was the Vice President of Sierra Leone from 1987 to 1991. He used to be the leader of the SLPP party and was later to be Finance Minister. He was born in 1929 in Freetown. He is an economist and a lawyer. Sierra Leone had two Vice Presidents, the First and Second. He was called the Second. He died in London, UK on 19 December 2009. References http://freetown.usembassy.gov/history.html Category:1929 births Category:2009 deaths Category:Vice-Presidents of Sierra Leone Category:People from Freetown Category:Government ministers of Sierra Leone Category:Sierra ### Assistant:
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### User: Aira Tellervo Kemiläinen (4 August 1919 in Kuopio – 10 July 2006 in Vesanto) was a Finnish historian who received her Ph.D. in 1957. In the 1950s and 1960s, Kemiläinen taught history at a number of different schools in Helsinki. In 1961 she became Associate Professor at University of Helsinki, and became Professor at University of Jyväskylä as well in 1971. She retired in 1986. Aira Kemiläinen was for the most part engaged in the study of European history of ideas, which resulted in books like Auffassung über die Sendung des deutschen Volkes (1956) and Nationalism (1966). Her other works ### Assistant:
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