input
stringlengths 365
170k
| output
stringlengths 85
28.4k
|
|---|---|
### User:
María Clara, whose full name is María Clara de los Santos, is the mestiza heroine in Noli Me Tángere, a novel by José Rizal, the national hero of the Republic of the Philippines. Her name and character has since become a byword in Filipino culture for the traditional, feminine ideal. María Clara is the childhood sweetheart and fiancée of Noli Me Tángeres main protagonist, Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin, the son of Don Rafael Ibarra. Although raised as the daughter of Captain Santiago "Kapitán Tiyago" de los Santos and his wife Doña Pía Alba, who are both native Filipinos, Maríathe insinuated culture of Maria Clara, notably that of Filipinas being submissive and quiet towards men – a stereotype that was first brought by the Spanish colonialists. Historians have pointed out that Filipinas have historically been more vocal and have served positions equal to, and some even higher than, men. In Filipino fashion, María Clara's name has become the eponym for a multi-piece ensemble known as the María Clara gown, emulating the character's traits of being delicate, feminine, self-assured, and with a sense of identity. María Clara's song by José Rizal (in English) Sweet the hours in the native country,
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["María Clara", {"description":'fictional human and character in José Rizal's novel Noli Me Tángere', "alias":['Maria Clara', 'María Clara de los Santos']}], ["José Rizal", {}]]
Relations:[["María Clara", "creator", "José Rizal"]] |
### User:
Books for Children", based on an online poll. Teachers also made it a summer reading project. In 2012 it was ranked number 51 among all-time children's novels in a survey published by School Library Journal – the second of three books by DiCamillo in the Top 100. In 2008, the book was adapted as an animated film of the same name. On December 2, 2008, a video game for the Nintendo DS, Wii, and PlayStation 2, called The Tale of Despereaux, was released. On December 16, 2008, the game was rereleased on PC. In 2018, the book was adapted into
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["The Tale of Despereaux", {"description":'2008 video game'}], ["Video game", {}], ["Wii", {}]]
Relations:[["The Tale of Despereaux", "instance of", "Video game"], ["The Tale of Despereaux", "platform", "Wii"]] |
### User:
Provence was one of three s built for the French Navy in the 1910s, named in honor of the French region of Provence; she had two sister ships, Bretagne and Lorraine. Provence entered service in March 1916, after the outbreak of World War I. She was armed with a main battery of ten guns and had a top speed of . Provence spent the bulk of her career in the French Mediterranean Squadron, where she served as the fleet flagship. During World War I, she was stationed at Corfu to prevent the Austro-Hungarian fleet from leaving the Adriatic Sea, butshe saw no action. She was modernized significantly in the 1920s and 1930s, and conducted normal peacetime cruises and training maneuvers in the Mediterranean and Atlantic Ocean. She participated in non-intervention patrols during the Spanish Civil War. In the early days of World War II, Provence conducted patrols and sweeps into the Atlantic to search for German surface raiders. She was stationed in Mers-el-Kébir when France surrendered on 22 June 1940. Fearful that the Germans would seize the French Navy, the British Royal Navy attacked the ships at Mers-el-Kébir. Provence was damaged and sank in the harbor, though she wasrefloated and moved to Toulon, where she became the flagship of the training fleet there. In late November 1942, the Germans occupied Toulon and, to prevent them from seizing the fleet, the French scuttled their ships, including Provence. She was raised in July 1943, and some of her guns were used for coastal defense in the area; the Germans scuttled her a second time in Toulon as a blockship in 1944. Provence was ultimately raised in April 1949 and sold to ship breakers. Background and description The Bretagne class was designed as an improved version of the preceding with atype of boiler providing steam to the turbines; Provence herself had 18 Guyot-Du Temple boilers. The turbines were rated at a total of and were designed for a top speed of , but none of the ships exceeded during their sea trials. They carried enough coal and fuel oil to give them a range of at a speed of . The Bretagne class's main battery consisted of ten Canon de 34 cm (13.4 in) modèle 1912 guns mounted in five twin-gun turrets, numbered one to five from front to rear. Two were in a superfiring pair forward, one amidships, andarmor and plates protected the casemates. The curved armored deck was thick on the flat and on the outer slopes. The conning tower had thick face and sides. Service After entering service in 1916, Provence and her sisters were assigned to the 1st Division of the 1st Battle Squadron, with Provence as the fleet flagship. The three ships remained in the unit for the remainder of the war. They spent the majority of their time at Corfu to prevent the Austro-Hungarian fleet from attempting to break out of the Adriatic. The fleet's presence was also intended to intimidate Greece, whichhad become increasingly hostile to the Triple Entente. Later in the war, men were drawn from their crews for anti-submarine warfare vessels. As the Austro-Hungarians largely remained in port for the duration of the war, Provence saw no action during the conflict. Indeed, she did not leave port at all for the entirety of 1917. In April 1919, she returned to Toulon. The French Navy intended to send the ship to the Black Sea to join operations against the Bolsheviks, but a major mutiny prevented the operation. She and Lorraine went to Constantinople in October 1919, where they formed thecore of the Eastern Mediterranean Squadron. In June 1921, Provence and Bretagne went to Le Havre for a naval review, and were back in Toulon in September. In 1922, Provence and Lorraine were placed in reserve, leaving Bretagne the only member of her class in service; while out of service, Provence underwent a significant refit. The work lasted from 1 February 1922 to 4 July 1923, and was carried out in Toulon. The ship had her armament improved; her main guns were given greater elevation to increase their range, and four 75 mm M1897 guns were installed on the forwardeight new 75 mm anti-aircraft guns. After emerging from the refit, Provence and Bretagne were assigned to the 2nd Squadron in the Atlantic. There, they joined fleet exercises off the Azores, Madeira, and Morocco. The two ships took part in a cruise to Africa in 1936. In August, they were involved in non-intervention patrols after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War; these patrols lasted until April 1937. World War II At the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, Provence was in Toulon along with Bretagne in the 2nd Squadron, with Provence serving as the flagship of ViceAdmiral Ollive. On 21 October, she went into drydock for periodic maintenance, which lasted until 2 December. Two days later, Provence and Bretagne, along with numerous cruisers and destroyers, sortied from Dakar to cover French merchant shipping off West Africa and the Azores. Around the middle of the month, the French warships returned to port. Provence was then sent to Casablanca, where she joined Force Y. The unit conducted several fruitless sweeps into the Atlantic. While in Gibraltar, she was damaged and forced to return to Toulon for repairs. While en route, she intercepted the Italian passenger ship Oceania; Provencedispatched her to Marseilles so she could be inspected for contraband. Provence sailed for Oran on 24 January 1940, and then returned to Force Y in Dakar. Force Y was transferred to Oran on 11 April, arriving five days later. On 27 April, Provence, her two sisters, and several cruisers were moved to Alexandria. On 18 May, Provence and Bretagne returned to Mers El Kébir. Following the French surrender on 22 June, the French fleet was to be disarmed under German and Italian supervision, under the terms of the Armistice. The British high command, however, was concerned that the Frenchto the USA where they would be interned, or to scuttle themselves, or be sunk. On 3 July, Somerville arrived and delivered the ultimatum. After 10 hours of discussions and the French rejection of any part of the ultimatum, the British ships opened fire. Provence returned fire about 90 seconds after the British attacked, though she had no success against her assailants. Bretagne was hit by several shells and exploded, killing most of her crew. Provence was also hit several times and badly damaged; the shells set her on fire and caused her to settle to the bottom of theharbor, but she did not explode like her sister ship. The ship was subsequently refloated and temporarily repaired, and on 5 November, she was transferred to Toulon, arriving on the 8th. Provence was escorted by the destroyers , , , , and . Beginning on 1 January 1942, Provence became the flagship of the Flag Officer, Training Division. On 27 November, the German Army occupied Toulon, and to prevent them from seizing the fleet there, including Provence, the French scuttled their ships. At the time, Provence was moored next to the old pre-dreadnought and the seaplane carrier . The Italiansmoved into Toulon and raised Provence on 11 July 1943. Two of her 340 mm guns were removed from the ship and emplaced in a coastal battery at Saint-Mandrier-sur-Mer outside Toulon. The Axis then scuttled the ship a second time, as a blockship in the harbor. Provence was ultimately raised in April 1949 and was broken up for scrap. Footnotes References Further reading Category:Bretagne-class battleships Category:World War I battleships of France Category:World War II battleships of France Category:Ships built in France Category:Shipwrecks of France Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Category:1913 ships Category:World War II warships scuttled at Toulon
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["French battleship Provence", {"description":'French Navy battleship (1913-1942)'}], ["Provence", {}], ["French Navy", {}], ["World War II", {}], ["France", {}]]
Relations:[["French battleship Provence", "named after", "Provence"], ["French battleship Provence", "operator", "French Navy"], ["French battleship Provence", "conflict", "World War II"], ["French battleship Provence", "country of registry", "France"]] |
### User:
FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Текстильщик» Камышин; Futbol'niy Klub "Tekstilshchik" Kamyshin) is a Russian football club based in Kamyshin, Volgograd Oblast. In the 1990s the club spent five seasons in the Russian Top Division and played in the UEFA Cup. History Tekstilshchik played in the Soviet Second League since 1988 and were promoted to the First League after the 1990 season. After finishing 11th in 1991 they were entitled to enter the Russian Top Division formed after the dissolution of the USSR. In 1993 Tekstilshchik finished fourth in the league, achieving the best result in the club's history. Inwhich saw them relegated back to the Amateur League. Prior to the 2009 season the club voluntarily withdrew from the national football pyramid by the decision of Kamyshin mayor Aleksandr Chunakov, and instead entered the Volgograd Oblast Championship (nominally the fifth level, but with no automatic promotion to the Amateur League). They remain there as of 2015. Tekstilshchik participated in the UEFA Cup in 1994–95, beating Hungarians Bekescsabai Elore to reach the second round where they lost to FC Nantes. Team name history "Tekstilshchik" is a nickname meaning "the textile workers" or "the weavers". 1979–1995: FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin 1996: FCEnergiya-Tekstilshchik Kamyshin 1997: FC Energiya Kamyshin 1998: FC Rotor-Kamyshin Kamyshin 1999–present: FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin Reserve squad Tekstilshchik's reserve squad played professionally as FC Tekstilshchik-d Kamyshin (Russian Second League in 1992) and FC Energiya-d Kamyshin (Russian Third League in 1997). Notable past players Had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Tekstilshchik. Ivan Yaremchuk Aleksandr Filimonov Vladislav Ternavski Vitaliy Abramov Yuri Aksenov Aleksandr Bogatyrev Dmitriy Lyapkin Konstantin Pavlyuchenko Dzintars Sproģis Andriy Vasylytchuk Andriy Yudin External links Official website (last update in 2003) Tekstilschik (Kamyshin), KLISF Tekstilshchik Kamyshin Category:Association football
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin", {"description":'football club'}], ["Kamyshin", {}], ["Association football", {}]]
Relations:[["FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Kamyshin"], ["FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin", "headquarters location", "Kamyshin"], ["FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin", "sport", "Association football"]] |
### User:
Skyla (born Lucy Batty; 5 March 1991) is an English dance singer from Altrincham. Career Skyla was signed by 3 Beat/AATW in 2008. She was working alongside producers Scott Rosser (from Cahill), Mike Di Scala (Ultrabeat) and Nemesis. Her appearance on the music scene was a song by the Beatplayers on a titled track "Summer Love", and she featured on the track as well as in the music video. The song peaked at 31 on the UK Dance Chart. On 9 June 2009 she released her debut single, "Breaking Free" (a cover of High School Musical). On 14 October 2009
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Skyla", {"description":'British singer'}], ["Singer", {}], ["Altrincham", {}]]
Relations:[["Skyla", "occupation", "Singer"], ["Skyla", "place of birth", "Altrincham"]] |
### User:
14 Camelopardalis is a star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Camelopardalis, located 272 light years away from the Sun as determined by parallax measurements. With an apparent visual magnitude of 6.49, it is a challenge to view with the naked eye even in excellent viewing conditions. The heliocentric radial velocity value is poorly constrained, but it appears to be moving closer to the Earth at the rate of around −4 km/s. This is a white-hued, A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A7 Vn, where the 'n' notation indicates "nebulous" lines due to rapid rotation. The star is
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["14 Camelopardalis", {"description":'star in the constellation Camelopardalis'}], ["Camelopardalis", {}], ["Star", {}]]
Relations:[["14 Camelopardalis", "constellation", "Camelopardalis"], ["14 Camelopardalis", "instance of", "Star"]] |
### User:
Scolopendra heros, commonly known as the giant desert centipede, giant Sonoran centipede, Texas redheaded centipede, and giant redheaded centipede, is a species of North American centipede found in the Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. Description S. heros is the largest centipede in North America. It has an average length of , but can reach up to in the wild, and even longer in captivity. Its trunk bears either 21 or 23 pairs of legs. It is aposematically colored, to warn off potential predators, and a number of color variants are known in the species. The castaneiceps variant found inArkansas, Missouri, Texas, and other nearby areas is commonly known as the "giant redheaded centipede" or "Texas redheaded centipede" because of its distinct red head and greenish black body and tail. Distribution and ecology S. heros is found in northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, from New Mexico and Arizona in the west to Arkansas, Missouri, and Louisiana in the east. Although this species is commonly referred to as the "giant desert centipede" because of its presence in the Sonoran Desert and other arid habitats, S. heros is also found in rocky woodland areas, such as in Arkansas. Itthey tend to grow more legs, starting with around 10 legs and growing up to 18 or more after each successive molting. These arthropods can live up to 5 years and even longer depending on environmental conditions. Venom The venom of S. heros is similar to the venom of other Scolopendra species, although much more potent than that of other species, including components such as serotonin, histamine, lipids, proteins (including cardiotoxic proteins and enzymes such as hemolytic phospholipase A), and other substances. The mixture is known to act as a cytolysin, compromising cellular membranes and rupturing cells. S. heros venom
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Scolopendra heros", {"description":'species of myriapod'}], ["Species", {}], ["Scolopendra", {}]]
Relations:[["Scolopendra heros", "taxon rank", "Species"], ["Scolopendra heros", "parent taxon", "Scolopendra"]] |
### User:
The Dearne and Dove Canal ran for almost ten miles through South Yorkshire, England from Swinton to Barnsley through nineteen locks, rising . The canal also had two short branches, the Worsbrough branch and the Elsecar branch, both about two miles long with reservoirs at the head of each. The Elsecar branch also has another six locks. The only tunnel was bypassed by a cutting in 1840. The canal was created mainly to carry cargo from the extensive coal mining industry in the area. Other cargo included pig iron, glass, lime, oil products and general merchandise. A combination of railwaycompetition and subsidence caused by the same mines it served forced the canal into a gradual decline, closing completely in 1961. As the local coal industry also collapsed in the 1980s the canal was thrown a lifeline with the forming of the Barnsley Canal Group who are now attempting to restore the whole canal, an effort further boosted by the abandonment of the railway which replaced it. History Creation and early years The idea of creating a navigable waterway from the River Don to Barnsley along the course of the River Dearne was first proposed in 1773 by the Marquessof Rockingham. However the idea was not pursued, until a meeting of the shareholders of the Don Navigation Company in 1792, where a canal from the River Don Navigation into Barnsley was proposed. At the same time the Aire & Calder Navigation company was considering a canal from Wakefield to Barnsley. On 20 October 1792, the rival companies held a famous meeting at the White Bear Inn (now the Royal Hotel) in Barnsley and agreed to join their canals just south of Barnsley and go forward with complementary proposals. These were to become the Dearne and Dove Canal and theBarnsley Canal, both of which sought to provide access to the coalfields of Barnby bridge and Haigh bridge. The canal obtained its Act of Parliament on 3 June 1793, on the same day as the Act which authorised the building of the Barnsley Canal. The Act created the Dearne and Dove Canal Company, consisting of 211 people, and allowed them to raise £60,000 by issuing shares, and a further £30,000 by mortgage if required. Robert Mylne was named as chief engineer on the project, and appears to have made the initial survey and given evidence to parliament in support ofthe bill. However the construction was managed by John Thompson, the engineer to the Don Navigation Company, until he died in 1795. The post was then held by Robert Whitworth until 1799, when he died also, and it is thought that one of Whitworth's sons acted as engineer until the finish of the work. The canal was opened as far as Elsecar by 1798 and fully opened by November 1804 at a cost of just under £100,000. The cost overrun was managed when the company obtained a second Act of Parliament on 30 May 1800, which allowed the original optionfor a £30,000 mortgage to be raised by shares, a mortgage of £10,000 to be obtained, and the toll rates to be increased. Construction costs included the provision of two reservoirs, at Elsecar and Worsbrough, tramroads from Elsecar basin to two ironworks and a colliery, which included inclined planes, and a tunnel near Swinton, which was built using the cut-and-cover method. The main line rose by through 19 locks. The canal was shut briefly in the summers of 1805 and 1806 due to a shortage of water, but was initially successful and by 1830 it was carrying 181,000 tons ofcoal a year. In the early 1820s, several proposals were made to build additional tramroads and reservoirs, but the plans were opposed by the Barnsley Canal and the Aire and Calder. Plans for an additional reservoir at Wentworth Castle, above the Worsbrough reservoir, were opposed in the House of Lords, unless the Company would release its exclusive rights to build tramways from the canal to local collieries, and the bill was withdrawn, rather than agree to a clause which would have broken their monopoly on the coal reserves near to the canal. A decision was taken instead to raise thelevel of the Worsbrough reservoir by , thereby increasing the surface area to , and this was completed in 1826. Railway competition The North Midland Railway, running from Leeds to Derby, opened in 1840 and this represented a major threat to the domination of the coal trade by all the South Yorkshire navigations. Parts of the railway ran alongside the canal. At Adwick upon Dearne the railway constructed a long cutting, and in order to maintain their alignment, the canal tunnel was demolished and the canal was re-routed to share the new cutting. The canal Company took the opportunity tobuild interchange facilities with the new railway. With the threat of the railways taking trade from the canals, the Don Navigation Company decided to purchase the Barnsley Canal, and to lease the Dearne and Dove for a year, after which they would buy it. The agreement with the Dearne and Dove went ahead, with the River Don Navigation taking over the canal from 1 January 1846, and paying £210,000 for it on 2 January 1847, but they failed to reach agreement with the Barnsley Canal. Tolls were reduced by 60 per cent in 1846, with free passage for empty boatsfrom 1847, with the result that much of the coal traffic which had previously used the Barnsley Canal now used the Dearne and Dove. The South Yorkshire, Doncaster & Goole Railway Company was authorised in 1847, and the Act of Parliament allowed them to amalgamate with the Don Navigation Company, and hence the Dearne and Dove, once they had raised half of their authorised capital. The amalgamation took place on 19 April 1850. The railway company opened their line from Doncaster to Swinton in November 1849, which was followed by a branch to Elsecar in February 1850, and another branchto Worsbrough in June 1850. At Elsecar, the canal basin was moved, and about of the canal were filled in to make way for the railway. While the takeover was beneficial to traffic on parts of the Don Navigation, tonnage carried on the Dearne and Dove fell. Subsequently, both the railway and the canals were leased to the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, with a 999-year lease starting in June 1864, but in 1874 the lease became a takeover, and the canals were just a small part of a bigger undertaking. Users of the canals were unhappy with the hightolls and the lack of modernisation, and so in November 1888, the Sheffield and South Yorkshire Canal Company was formed, with the intent of obtaining the canals from the railway company. They obtained an Act of Parliament on 26 August 1889, which created the Sheffield and South Yorkshire Navigation Company, with an authorised capital of £1.5 million, and powers to buy the canals, by compulsory purchase if agreement could not be reached with the railway company. The transfer did not occur until 1895, when agreement was finally reached, and the Dearne and Dove Canal became part of the Sheffield andSouth Yorkshire Navigation along with the Sheffield Canal, the River Don Navigation, and the Stainforth and Keadby Canal. Decline The Sheffield and South Yorkshire Navigation Company intended to upgrade the system to take 300 or 400 ton boats, and to allow compartment boats to be used. Coal from the collieries on the canal would transferred from the compartment boats to larger vessels at a new coal handling plant to be located at Keadby. However, the company failed to raise the finance to purchase the canals from the railway company outright, and so struggled to make significant improvements. The Dearne andDove was the least profitable part of the system, with high maintenance costs as a result of subsidence from the coal mining. As early as 1884, a stretch of the Worsbrough branch had collapsed due to subsidence, which had taken 6 months and cost £19,000 to repair. In 1906 the branch to Worsbrough closed due to the increasing cost of maintenance, although it was retained as a water feeder. The depth of water at the top end of the canal could only be maintained at , rather than , and in 1909, the company agreed to allow mining beneath thecanal. The Elsecar branch was the next to close in 1928, also due to subsidence. The last boat traversed the central section of the main line in 1934, although an abandonment order for the canal was not obtained, as the company expected opposition to such a bill. After this date water levels were not maintained: this allowed the maintenance necessary to combat the ever-present mining subsidence to be reduced; only a mile or so of each end of the canal attracted traffic and was properly maintained. In 1942 traffic at the Barnsley end ceased. Traffic from the Manvers Main collieryended in 1952, and despite vigorous campaigning for the reinstatement of the canal by the Inland Waterways Association and the Inland Waterways Protection Society in the late 1950s, the canal was finally closed in 1961, under the terms of the British Transport Commission Act. Only the half mile (0.8 km) to the glassworks in Swinton was retained. This included four locks which were supplied with water by pumps. The last boat called at the glassworks in 1977; since then the lower portion of the remaining canal has been incorporated into a boatyard, while the upper portion remains in water butnot accessible by boat as the uppermost lock's gates have been replaced with a dam. After closure the canal land passed into the hands of the local councils. Several drownings of children in the 1960s caused large parts of the canal in the Swinton and Wath-upon-Dearne areas to be filled in; however, much of the remaining canal was simply left to deteriorate, in some areas still in water, albeit at a much lower level than the original canal and very overgrown. Even as late as the early 1980s large parts of the canal line were easily recognisable with local roadspassing over the old narrow sandstone hump-back canal bridges; however, since then road-improvement schemes have seen the removal of redundant bridges and in some areas the utilisation of the canal bed for new roads. Restoration On 1 April 1984, after a number of articles in the local press, twelve people met to address the lack of interest in local waterways. The Barnsley Canal Group was formed at this meeting and started campaigning for the preservation and restoration of the Dearne and Dove and Barnsley Canals. Since the late 1980s the group has been active in trying to protect the remainingcanal bed from obstruction through the local planning process. In 1991 the canal group commenced restoring the top of the Elsecar branch of the canal in conjunction with work at what is now the Elsecar Heritage Centre. A feasibility study was also carried out on the branch. It determined that, although expensive, it is viable to restore that section of the canal. The Barnsley Canal Group was reformed as the Barnsley, Dearne & Dove Canals Trust in 2000. The Canal Today The two branches have fared far better than the main line since its closure. The more rural nature ofthese sections means that the land has been left relatively untouched. In parts of the main line problems of obstruction and poor maintenance means that alternative routes have been suggested. This is particularly acute in Wath-upon-Dearne, Wombwell and Stairfoot where road improvement and land-reclamation schemes have utilised and obliterated several miles of the former canal bed. The closure of all the local mines that the canal served means that further subsidence is no longer a problem. The abandonment of the railway line that replaced the canal in 1988 has given the canal an alternative route. This land has been securedfrom intrusion by other land users and will be relatively easily excavated to create a new channel. It is also being used as part of the Trans Pennine Trail. The canal is referred to as 'a vital missing link' by the Barnsley, Dearne & Dove Canals Trust. Their aim is to completely restore the canal along with the Barnsley Canal in order to complete the Yorkshire Ring. The canal is now undergoing restoration. The Elsecar branch is to be the first part of the canal to be restored. The top two pounds and top lock have been restored and alaunch ramp has been added in the top pound. Funding was obtained from the Yorkshire European Community Trust, and the lock gates were fitted in May 1999. Other parts of the canal such as the top of the Worsbrough branch have remained in good condition despite years of neglect. Parts of the towpath form sections of the Trans Pennine Trail, a long distance footpath that connects Liverpool, Leeds, Hull and Chesterfield. The reservoir at the top of the Elsecar branch has been designated a local nature reserve by Barnsley Council and the area surrounding the reservoir at the top ofthe Worsbrough branch has become Worsbrough Country Park. Original route Main Line The canal started at a junction with the Don Navigation at Swinton. From there it passed through six locks before it passed through a 472-yard tunnel. This tunnel was bypassed in 1840 when the canal was diverted to run through the same cutting created to accommodate the railway. It then passed Manvers Main Colliery and entered Wath-upon-Dearne running parallel to Doncaster Road, before passing between rows of terraced houses past the town centre. It then looped north-west towards the middle of the valley, with a wide section ona high embankment which became known as the Bay of Biscay. After that it passed into Brampton and back onto the hillside. There were another four locks up to the junction with the Elsecar branch, which lay between Brampton and Wombwell at the junction of the Dearne Valley Parkway and the A633. The canal then passed Wombwell to the north of the town centre, and Aldham before arriving at the eight locks of the Stairfoot flight. At that point there followed the junction with the Worsbrough Branch. The canal then passed through the site of Stairfoot Roundabout and headed towardsStairfoot the Worsbrough branch passes through Swaithe and then passes under the Penistone Line. After this it ran alongside the River Dove until reaching Worsbrough Basin. The reservoir is just beyond the basin. Proposed restoration route In the survey done by the Barnsley Canal Group in 1987 it was established that the original route of the canal would be very difficult to restore. This is due in large part to canal land reclaimed by the council in the 1970s. Over time, several proposals have been put forward as to a possible new route. These include the use of the Riverdivert around the newly built Dearne Valley College and Call Centres. It would then divert around to the north of Wath-Upon-Dearne via an Aqueduct to join up to its old route. There would be relatively minor course corrections to the rest of the route through to Barnsley, although it would follow a parallel route to the original canal on this section. Barnsley Canals Consortium The Barnsley Canals Consortium is the name given to all the interested parties who are cooperating in order to restore the Dearne and Dove along with its sister canal the Barnsley. Its members include:- Barnsley, Dearne
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Dearne and Dove Canal", {"description":'Canal in South Yorkshire, England'}], ["Canal", {}]]
Relations:[["Dearne and Dove Canal", "instance of", "Canal"]] |
### User:
"Fire Burning" is a song by Jamaican-American singer-songwriter Sean Kingston. It is released as the lead single from his second studio album Tomorrow. Unlike many of his previous singles, which are all produced by J.R. Rotem, the song is produced by RedOne. The song was used for the opening number of the Miss Universe 2009 live at the Atlantis Paradise Island, Nassau, Bahamas. Composition "Fire Burning" is written by Nadir Khayat, Bilal Hajji, and Kisean Anderson. The song's instrumentation consists of a heavy synthesizers and a variety of percussive sounds. The song is set in common time with a moderatetempo of 120 beats per minute and is written in the key of B♭ minor. It begins with an energetic clarion call to the dance floor followed by modern dance beat. Release Kingston had released the song on his MySpace webpage to promote his song. The song was released to radio stations and for digital download April 24, 2009. To date the song has been played more than 13 million times on his MySpace page. As of July 22, 2012, the song has sold over 3 million downloads. Sean Kingston performed the song for the first time live at theis burning". Critical reception Michael Menachem of Billboard reviewed the song as "the most danceable single yet" and commented on the fast tempo and Kingston's well-projected vocal "that allows producer RedOne to blend the infectious hook with heavy synthesizers and a variety of percussive sounds that made Lady Gaga's "Poker Face" so striking". He also comments that "the chorus is repetitive, it sounds just like 'Unstoppable' by Kat Deluna, but this song is often what makes for a sizzling club hit". Alex Fletcher of Digital Spy said that 'Fire Burning' has all the makings of a classic summer anthem withits swathes of GaGa-esque synths, infectious chorus hook and fuzzy bassline but he wasn't in favor of Kingston's reggae-tinged vocals. Formats and track listings Digital download "Fire Burning" (Album version) (Kisean Anderson, Bilal Hajji, RedOne) – 4:03 CD-Single (Germany) "Fire Burning" – 4:00 "War" – 2:59 Chart performance "Fire Burning" debuted at #29 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it Kingston's highest debut on the chart. Since then it has entered the top ten peaking at #5. It also peaked at number two on the Canadian Hot 100 for eight consecutive weeks. It became a #1 Record in South Africa
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Fire Burning", {"description":'2009 single by Sean Kingston'}], ["Sean Kingston", {}], ["RedOne", {}]]
Relations:[["Fire Burning", "performer", "Sean Kingston"], ["Fire Burning", "lyrics by", "Sean Kingston"], ["Fire Burning", "producer", "RedOne"]] |
### User:
is a video game developed and published by Square Enix and released for the iPhone and iPod Touch in North America and Japan, and additionally for DSIWare and cell phones in Japan. The game was released in November 2009, and has seen many map expansions released. The game is a strategy game that incorporates turn-based and real-time elements. It sees the player controlling several forts in a group of connected bases, choosing each round which base will create new forces that are used to attack enemy positions. The game's plot sees the player in the role of Alan, leader ofearly 2009, the IPhone version of the game was shown at the Tokyo Game Show. The game was released by Square Enix on November 26, 2009. A demo version, Hills and Rivers Remain Lite, was also released for free, and contains elements not present in the full game. In Japan, the game was also released as a DSiWare game on October 28, 2009, as well as a cell phone game. Reception Levi Buchanan of IGN rated the game a 7.5 or "Good", praising its depth and complexity and cautioning players about its great difficulty. He praised the simple and preciseof five points. Tracy Erickson of Pocket Gamer was less positive towards the game; while he found the game briefly entertaining, they felt that the gameplay lacked depth and did not stand up to repeated play. They additionally disliked the lack of multiplayer, and found the story "thin" and "wince-worthy". Bonnie Eisenman of 148Apps also found the game briefly entertaining; she found the game to be too short, and the battles to be both simple and lengthy, and marred by poor controls. She also found the graphics to be serviceable, but not impressive. References Category:2009 video games Category:DSiWare games Category:IOS
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Hills and Rivers Remain", {"description":'video game'}], ["Video game", {}], ["Square Enix", {}], ["Japan", {}], ["IOS", {}]]
Relations:[["Hills and Rivers Remain", "instance of", "Video game"], ["Hills and Rivers Remain", "developer", "Square Enix"], ["Hills and Rivers Remain", "country of origin", "Japan"], ["Hills and Rivers Remain", "platform", "IOS"]] |
### User:
Zornik is a Belgian rock band. It was formed in 1999 by singer and guitarist Koen Buyse, drummer Marijn Horemans and bass guitarist Kristof Vanduren. History The band made it in 1999 to the finals of HUMO's Rock Rally rock contest, with the name Zornik Breknov. There, the band was spotted by Parlophone Belgium and MTC Management. This led to the recording of their first EP, Love Affair. It stayed in Belgium's leading alternative charts at Studio Brussel, for more than 10 weeks since March 2001. The second EP, It's so unreal, remained in the alternative charts for more thanspot in the Belgian charts, where it stayed for 2 weeks. The single You Move Me (released June 2002) also hit the no. 2 spot in the alternative charts after just two weeks. Zornik played all major festivals in Belgium (Rock Werchter, Marktrock, Dour, Lokerse Feesten), as well as almost 20 shows in the Netherlands, both clubs and festivals (Lowlands), festivals in Germany (Bizarre, Hurricane and Southside) and Austria, clubs in Norway, Denmark and Sweden (with Muse) and the UK. In October 2002, they were awarded the TMF Award for Best Rock Group. In 2003, Kristof decided to leave the
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Zornik", {"description":'band'}], ["Belgium", {}]]
Relations:[["Zornik", "country of origin", "Belgium"]] |
### User:
Malmberg is a Swedish surname. Malmberg means "Iron Mountain", with Malm referring to iron ore and Berg referring to mountain. Berg could also reference town or village, so the name would then be "the village in which iron is mined", or "the mountain where we mine iron ore". Notable people with the surname include: Aino Malmberg (1865–1933), Finnish writer and politician Bertil Malmberg (1889–1958), Swedish author, poet, and actor Betty Malmberg (born 1958), Swedish politician of the Moderate Party Eric Malmberg, Swedish musician Eric Malmberg (sport wrestler) (1897–1964), Swedish wrestler Erik Malmberg (1892–1934), Finnish chess player Harry Malmberg (1925–1976), American
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Malmberg", {"description":'family name'}], ["Surname", {}]]
Relations:[["Malmberg", "instance of", "Surname"]] |
### User:
The Gordian dynasty, sometimes known as the Gordianic dynasty, was short-lived, ruling the Roman Empire from 238–244AD. The dynasty achieved the throne in 238AD, after Gordian I and his son Gordian II rose up against Emperor Maximinus Thrax and were proclaimed co-emperors by the Roman Senate. Gordian II was killed by the governor of Numidia, Capillianus and Gordian I killed himself shortly after, either 21 or 36 days after he was declared emperor. On 22 April 238, Pupienus and Balbinus, who were not of the Gordian dynasty, were declared co-emperors but the Senate was forced to make Gordian III athird co-emperor on 27 May 238, due to the demands of the Roman people. Maximinus attempted to invade Italy but he was killed by his own soldiers when his army became frustrated. After this, the Praetorian Guard killed Pupienus and Balbinus, leaving Gordian III as the sole emperor. Gordian III ruled until 244AD when he was either killed after his betrayal by Philip the Arab, killed by Philip the Arab or killed at the Battle of Misiche; with his death, the dynasty was ended and Philip the Arab became emperor. History The Gordian dynasty was founded by Gordian I, thegovernor of Africa Proconsularis (Roman Africa). Gordian I was said to be related to prominent senators of his time, and his praenomen and nomen Marcus Antonius suggest his ancestors became citizens under the Triumvir Mark Antony, or one of his daughters, during the late Roman Republic. Gordian's cognomen Gordianus indicates that his family origins were originally from Anatolia, in the region of Galatia or Cappadocia. The Gordian dynasty rose in opposition to Maximinus Thrax, who had been proclaimed Emperor by the army but not the Senate and whose reign from 235 to 238AD, was tyrannous. Maximinus embezzled from the AerariumI emperor. A delegation of centurions was sent to Rome from Africa, to assassinate Publius Aelius Vitalianus, the Praetorian prefect and to spread a rumor that Maximinus had been killed while campaigning against the Sarmatians. The Senate believed the rumor and proclaimed Gordian I and his son Gordian II as co-emperors in 238. Soon after, Capillianus, governor of Numidia, invaded Africa and succeeded in killing Gordian II during the Battle of Carthage. Gordian I, shortly thereafter, hanged himself out of grief, either 21 or 36 days after being declared emperor. Both emperors never reached Rome, remaining in Africa for theirshort reign. Following the news of both emperors' deaths, the Senate formed a committee of twenty senators to elect the next emperor, resulting in the election of two of the senators on the committee, Pupienus and Balbinus, on 22 April 238. Large crowds gathered in Rome, demanding that a blood relative of Gordian I also be made emperor. The Senate conceded and elected Gordian III, the son of Gordian I's daughter Antonia Gordiana, as the third emperor on 27 May 238. News of the Gordians' rebellion reached Maximinus, who was still campaigning against the Sarmatians in Pannonia and he marchedon Italy with his Pannonian Legions. He attempted to gain the allegiance of the fortified city of Aquileia but failed and laid siege to it. His troops became disaffected during the unexpected siege, at which time they suffered from famine and disease. In May 238, Maximinus' soldiers rose up and killed him, along with his son, Maximus. On 29 July 238, Pupienus and Balbinus were killed by the Praetorian Guard, who proclaimed Gordian III sole emperor. When the Sassanids invaded the Roman Empire in 241, occupying the province of Syria and capturing Antioch and Carrhae, Gordian III sent Timesitheus tocounterattack. He recaptured the cities and won a decisive victory at Battle of Resaena. Between 242 and 243, while leading troops across the Euphrates, Timesitheus fell ill and died from what is believed to have been an intestinal infection. In 244, Gordian III also died, although the manner of his death is a matter of debate. There is evidence that Philip the Arab, who had been deputy Praetorian prefect and who rose to the title of Praetorian prefect after the death of Timesitheus, undermined Gordian III's authority. Zosimus and the Historia Augusta said that Philip the Arab conspired to havehim killed by sabotaging supplies to turn the army against him. Orosius, Festus, John of Antioch and Eutropius assert that Philip the Arab played a more direct role in having him killed, beginning to conspire after Gordian III won a great victory in Persia. George Syncellus and the Epitome de Caesaribus say that Philip began conspiring against him before the army had reached Ctesiphon and not after a great victory. Byzantine and Persian sources, Zonaras and Cedrenus and the Persian King Shapur I, wrote that Gordian III died in the Battle of Misiche. Philip the Arab claimed the throne afterGordian III died. Numismatics During the reign of Gordian III, changes took place in Roman numismatics. The Tetradrachm, a coin equivalent to four drachmae, was produced again, having not been minted since the reign of Elagabalus, between 218 and 222, during which only two mints produced it and not having been widely minted since the reign of Macrinus, between 217 and 218. The production of Tetradrachms continued after Gordian's death, being widely produced until 253. The Antoninianus, equivalent to 20 Assēs, which had been abandoned during the reign of Elagabalus, was brought back and rapidly replaced the denarius, which wasequivalent to 10 Assēs. After 240, apart from two large issues struck under Gordian, the denarius was only produced locally until it was brought back by Aurelian in 270. During the reign of Gordian III, the lack of uniformity in coin weight and quality became severe, with eastern mints consistently creating heavier and purer coins. The Antoninianuses minted in Antioch had an average silver fineness of 43.5 percent, whereas those of Rome had an average silver fineness of 36.8 percent. Because both coins were of similar average weight, the Antiochian coins were 15 percent purer than the Rome equivalents. Themint at Antioch became more important under Gordian, striking even gold coins, something previously only mints in the capital of Rome did on a large scale. During the reign of Gordian, provincial silver coins, produced from the important mints of Antioch, Caesaria, and Alexandria, increasingly came to be used by the state for funding, becoming roughly equal in use to that of the Antoninianus. Throughout the reign of Gordian III, coins were used to establish his legitimacy and fitness to rule. Early in his reign, a large number of coins declaring the Virtus (virtue) of Gordian III were minted butlater coins bearing such a description ceased to be minted. The reason for this is likely that Gordian III, who was very young and had never had any military position, was attempting to establish his virtus to the army to compensate for his lack of experience. Late in his reign, coins depicted Gordian holding a Victoriola, a statue which represents victory, thereby declaring himself to possess 'victory' itself. Politics Due to Gordian III's young age, 13 at the time he became emperor, Gordian III was controlled by other figures. It is unknown who influenced him between the time of himbecoming sole emperor in April 238 and him marrying Tranquillina in 241; however it is known that after his marriage to Tranquillina, Gordian became controlled by his new father-in-law Timesitheus. After Timesitheus died in 243, Gordian III was controlled by his wife Tranquillina, until Gordian III himself died in 244. During the Gordian dynasty, several reforms were made, mostly in provincial administration, fiscal policy, and the army. Under Gordian III, reforms were made to limit frivolous lawsuits. Attention was also given to strengthening the defenses of the Roman frontiers and punishing any abuses of power in the provinces. Despite theefforts of the dynasty, this period was marked by political and economic upheaval, Gordian enacted a rescript that removed the four-year statute of limitation on seeking restitution of soldiers and state officials. Of all the rescripts issued by Gordian, 13 percent went to soldiers. During his reign, the Roman Empire paid tribute to the Goths systematically, to prevent raids. The Gordian dynasty reversed the policy of persecuting Christians established by Maximinus, much of which was the prosecution of bishops and popes. Because Gordian III ended this persecution, Eusebius claims that Gordian III became Christian and served penance for the sins
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Gordian dynasty", {"description":'Roman imperial dynasty'}], ["Dynasty", {}], ["Gordian I", {}], ["Gordian II", {}], ["Gordian III", {}]]
Relations:[["Gordian dynasty", "instance of", "Dynasty"], ["Gordian dynasty", "has part", "Gordian I"], ["Gordian dynasty", "has part", "Gordian II"], ["Gordian dynasty", "has part", "Gordian III"]] |
### User:
Ronald Lou-Poy, is a Canadian lawyer and the former chancellor of the University of Victoria, serving his term until December 31, 2008. He received a Bachelor of Commerce in 1957 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1960 from the University of British Columbia. In 1961, he was called to the Bar of British Columbia. He is a senior partner at the Victoria, British Columbia law firm of Crease Harman & Company. On October 30, 2003, he was appointed a Member of the Order of Canada. References Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Canadian people of Hong Kong descent
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Ronald Lou-Poy", {"description":'Canadian lawyer'}], ["University of British Columbia", {}], ["Lawyer", {}], ["Ronald", {}], ["Canada", {}]]
Relations:[["Ronald Lou-Poy", "educated at", "University of British Columbia"], ["Ronald Lou-Poy", "occupation", "Lawyer"], ["Ronald Lou-Poy", "given name", "Ronald"], ["Ronald Lou-Poy", "country of citizenship", "Canada"]] |
### User:
Babylon the Bandit is a roots reggae album released by Steel Pulse in 1986. It is Steel Pulse's sixth studio album and won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album in 1987, the only time the award has been won by a non-Jamaican artist. Track listing "Save Black Music" – 4:17 "Not King James Version" – 4:13 "School Boy's Crush (Jail Bait)" – 4:18 "Sugar Daddy" – 4:35 "Kick That Habit" – 3:42 "Blessed Is the Man" – 4:25 "Love Walks Out" – 4:26 "Don't Be Afraid" – 4:56 "Babylon the Bandit" – 5:08 References Category:Steel Pulse albums Category:1985 albums
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Babylon the Bandit", {"description":'album by Steel Pulse'}], ["Steel Pulse", {}], ["Album", {}], ["Reggae", {}]]
Relations:[["Babylon the Bandit", "performer", "Steel Pulse"], ["Babylon the Bandit", "instance of", "Album"], ["Babylon the Bandit", "genre", "Reggae"]] |
### User:
Frederick Richard Simms (12 August 1863 – 22 April 1944) was a British mechanical engineer, businessman, prolific inventor and motor industry pioneer. Simms coined the words "petrol" and "motorcar". He founded the Royal Automobile Club, and the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders. Family and education Simms was born in Hamburg Germany "of an old Warwickshire family", the son of Frederick Louis Simms and his wife Antonia née Hermans. His Birmingham-born grandfather had established a trading company there to support the Newfoundland fishing fleet. Frederick Richard Simms' first wife was Austrian, his second, married 1910, was Mabel Louise, daughter ofcotton merchant Joseph Worsley and they had two daughters, one of which was Rosemary Mabel who married the Artist Dennis Ramsay. He was educated in Germany and London and at the Polytechnischer Verein in Berlin after completing an apprenticeship with AG fur Automatischen Verkauf in Hamburg and Berlin. In a 1907 trip to the Alps, Simms discovered a waterfall near the village of Holzgau, now called the Simmswasserfall. Simms may have spread his talents a little thinly to be able to show a single outstanding achievement. His lasting significance is in his role as a catalyst and intermediary between Britainand Europe and to a lesser extent USA. He died in his 81st year, at Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, while living at Storth Oaks, Chislehurst, Kent. His wife predeceased him. Business Consulting engineer and Daimler motors In 1889, the 26-year-old Simms met and became firm friends with Gottlieb Daimler, from whom in 1890 he purchased the rights for the use and manufacture of Daimler's high-speed petrol engine and other patents, in the British Empire – 'England and the colonies' (excluding Canada). They were first used in motor launches but soon paved the way for the start-up of the British motor industry.the launches were shown. Following the signal success of Daimler-powered Peugeots and Panhards at the 1894 Paris-Rouen Trials, Simms decided to open a motor car factory. In June 1895, Simms and Evelyn Ellis bought in France and brought to England one of the first petrol–powered cars into the UK. In early 1896, Lawson's British Motor Syndicate Limited (about to incorporate The Daimler Motor Company Limited), bought The Daimler Motor Syndicate Limited. In early 1896, Simms was appointed a director of Stuttgart's Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft which later became Daimler-Benz. He remained consulting engineer to Lawson's The Daimler Motor Company Limited but,
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Frederick Richard Simms", {"description":'Engineer and manufacturer'}], ["Hamburg", {}], ["Engineer", {}], ["Inventor", {}], ["Stoke Poges", {}]]
Relations:[["Frederick Richard Simms", "place of birth", "Hamburg"], ["Frederick Richard Simms", "occupation", "Engineer"], ["Frederick Richard Simms", "occupation", "Inventor"], ["Frederick Richard Simms", "place of death", "Stoke Poges"]] |
### User:
Edward Charles MacIntosh Bowra (1841–1874) was a British citizen serving in the Chinese Maritime Customs working for the government of the Qing dynasty. He was among those treaty port residents who contributed to Western knowledge of China through translations and scientific work. Career As an amateur Sinologist and botanist he showed a range of scholarly and practical interests which reflected the then common view that a cultivated gentleman could master Oriental culture. He published a history of the province of Canton, and compiled Index Sinice et Latine for Justus Doolittle's Vocabulary and Handbook of the Chinese Language (1872), but hisBowra organised the 1866 tour for the Chinese Secretary of Customs, Pin Chun. In England Bowra married Thirza Woodward. On his return to China he was sent to Ningbo, where his children Ethel and Cecil were born. He was promoted to Deputy Commissioner in 1872.He organized the Chinese contribution for the Vienna Exhibition of 1873, for which the Austrian government awarded him the Order of the Iron Crown.Bowra died in England at the age of thirty-two in 1874, apparently after over-exerting himself at a garden party. He was buried in the catacombs of West Norwood Cemetery. His son, Cecil Arthur
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Edward Charles Bowra", {"description":'Chinese historian'}], ["1841", {}], ["1874", {}], ["Edward", {}], ["West Norwood Cemetery", {}]]
Relations:[["Edward Charles Bowra", "date of birth", "1841"], ["Edward Charles Bowra", "date of death", "1874"], ["Edward Charles Bowra", "given name", "Edward"], ["Edward Charles Bowra", "place of burial", "West Norwood Cemetery"]] |
### User:
Malika Bilal, (; ) is a broadcast journalist, currently working for Al Jazeera English. Malika is the co-host and digital producer of The Stream, based at the Al Jazeera English US broadcast-center, in Washington, DC. She joined the DC bureau from the channel's main broadcast-center in Doha, in Qatar, where she worked as an editor and writer for the Al Jazeera English website. Personal life Born and raised in Chicago, Illinois, she self-professedly grew up listening to All Things Considered and Morning Edition on NPR during the long car rides to and from school with her parents. Malika graduated fromNorthwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, where she studied Journalism. She also attended the American University in Cairo to develop her knowledge of Arabic. Career Malika began her career as a TV broadcaster on her campus station, but also wrote for magazines. She was then a daily reporter on a Tribune Company newspaper [which?] and, in 2006, also worked for Voice of America. Al Jazeera English Malika joined Al Jazeera English in February 2009 and became the co-host of the award-winning program, The Stream in 2012. References External links Malika Bilal - Facebook, Malika Bilal - Google+ Malika Bilal - Al
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Malika Bilal", {"description":'digital producer / co-host of The Stream'}], ["Chicago", {}], ["Northwestern University", {}]]
Relations:[["Malika Bilal", "place of birth", "Chicago"], ["Malika Bilal", "educated at", "Northwestern University"]] |
### User:
The 1965 Monaco Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monaco on May 30, 1965. It was race 2 of 10 in both the 1965 World Championship of Drivers and the 1965 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 100-lap race was won by BRM driver Graham Hill after he started from pole position. Lorenzo Bandini finished second for the Ferrari team and Hill's teammate Jackie Stewart came in third. Jim Clark, Dan Gurney and Mike Spence did not participate in this race, since Team Lotus raced in the 1965 Indy 500, won by Clark. Classification QualifyingRace Notes As of 2020, this is the second and last time a driver has crashed into the harbour, with Paul Hawkins falling in on lap 79, after the 1955 Monaco Grand Prix crash of Alberto Ascari. This was the first podium finish for Jackie Stewart. Lap leaders Graham Hill 60 laps (1-24, 65-100); Jackie Stewart 5 laps (25-29); Lorenzo Bandini 26 laps (30-33, 43-64), Jack Brabham 9 laps (34-42). Championship standings after the race Drivers' Championship standings Constructors' Championship standings Notes: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings. References Monaco Grand Prix Category:Monaco Grand
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["1965 Monaco Grand Prix", {"description":'Formula One motor race held in 1965'}], ["Monaco Grand Prix", {}], ["Graham Hill", {}], ["Monaco", {}]]
Relations:[["1965 Monaco Grand Prix", "instance of", "Monaco Grand Prix"], ["1965 Monaco Grand Prix", "winner", "Graham Hill"], ["1965 Monaco Grand Prix", "pole position", "Graham Hill"], ["1965 Monaco Grand Prix", "country", "Monaco"], ["1965 Monaco Grand Prix", "fastest lap", "Graham Hill"]] |
### User:
Polyhymno tetragrapha is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Meyrick in 1913. It is found in South Africa (Mpumalanga). The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are dark purplish-fuscous mixed with blackish and with a broad white median streak from the base, posteriorly attenuated to a point, not reaching the termen. There is some whitish suffusion towards the dorsum posteriorly and there is a fine white oblique streak from beneath the middle of the costa and a rather broad one from the submedian fold opposite meeting at an acute angle just beyond the apex of
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Polyhymno tetragrapha", {"description":'species of insect'}], ["Polyhymno", {}]]
Relations:[["Polyhymno tetragrapha", "parent taxon", "Polyhymno"]] |
### User:
Gary G. Borisy is a retired president and director of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. In 2013, Borisy joined the Department of Microbiology at the Forsyth Institute. Borisy received his BS in biochemistry (1962) and Ph.D in biophysics (1966) under Edwin Taylor from the University of Chicago, characterizing tubulin and its role in cell division. He then did a postdoc at the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England under Hugh Huxley. He spent 32 years on faculty at the University of Wisconsin-Madison as a faculty member studying the cytoskeleton, becoming a professor in1968 and chair of Molecular Biology from 1980 to 2000. In 2000, he moved to Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine where he was the Leslie B. Arey professor of cell and molecular biology, distinguished investigator in the Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, and associate vice president for biomedical research. He was named CEO and director of the Marine Biological Laboratory in 2006, and retired in 2012 at age 70. Borisy was President of the American Society for Cell Biology in 2011 and is a recipient of numerous awards including an NIH MERIT Award, the Carl Zeiss Award from the German
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Gary Borisy", {"description":'American biologist', "alias":['Gary G. Borisy']}], ["University of Chicago", {}], ["Northwestern University", {}]]
Relations:[["Gary Borisy", "educated at", "University of Chicago"], ["Gary Borisy", "employer", "Northwestern University"]] |
### User:
Paytm. History Playment was founded in August 2015 by Siddharth Mall, Ajinkya Malasane, and Akshay Lal, alumnus of Indian Institute of Technology Kharagapur, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati and Indian Institute of Technology Kharagapur respectively. They worked at Flipkart.com as Senior Business Analysts, and left to create their new company Playment. On July 2, 2016, Playment run by Crowdflux Technology Pvt Ltd raised $700k Seed capital in funding from SAIF Partners Services Training Data for Machine Learning, Image annotation & Data labeling for Computer Vision, and more. See also Amazon Mechanical Turk CrowdFlower References Further reading http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/venture-capital/SAIF-Partners-invests-Rs-4-7-Cr-in-Playment/articleshow/53022130.cms https://inc42.com/flash-feed/playment-funding/ http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/saif-partners-invests-rs-4-7-cr-in-playment-116070200582_1.html https://techcrunch.com/2017/02/13/playment-gives-companies-on-demand-workers-to-analyze-data-using-mobile-devices/
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Playment", {"description":'company'}], ["Business", {}]]
Relations:[["Playment", "instance of", "Business"]] |
### User:
"My Struggle III" is the first episode and season premiere of the eleventh season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. The episode was written and directed by Chris Carter and it aired on January 3, 2018, on Fox. This episode follows the events of "My Struggle II" and is noted for its major plot twists. "My Struggle III" helps to explore the series' overarching mythology and serves as the first of three mythology episodes of the season. Two taglines are featured in this episode: "I Want to Believe", followed by "I Want to Lie". The show centersconspirators; Mr. Y (A.C. Peterson) and Erika Price (Barbara Hershey). The pair says they were once part of the Syndicate, but have their own agenda involving the colonization of space. They try to negotiate with Mulder into turning over his son, but Mulder refuses. Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) tries to meet with Scully, but can't find her. As he goes to his car, he is met inside by the Smoking Man and Reyes, the latter holding him at gunpoint. The Smoking Man asks Skinner to turn his back on humanity in return for immunity from the Spartan virus, but Skinnerlike smoke. In a flashback to Skinner in a car with the Smoking Man, the latter states in a further flashback that he, not Mulder, artificially impregnated Scully. The final scene (out of focus) shows a teen, presumably William, having seizures. Production Filming Filming for the season began in August 2017 in Vancouver, British Columbia, where the previous season was filmed, along with the show's original five seasons. Writing The mythology from the previous event series of The X-Files, had negative reviews, causing Chris Carter to focus less on the mythology and have more standalone stories. In various interviews Carterhad already planned the solution to "My Struggle II", while it was in production. The episode is notorious for completely changing a respective part of the show's mythology: revealing that Mulder is not William's father, but that Cigarette Smoking Man had drugged and raped ("artificially impregnated") Scully years ago. This also answers a respective scene from season 7 episode "En Ami" in which Scully woke up in a room in pajamas during a road trip with the Cigarette Smoking Man, accusing him of drugging her. The dialogue in the scene was slightly altered. According to Chris Carter, he planned thisAmell, whose characters debuted in season ten. The episode features the return of character Jeffrey Spender played by Chris Owens, who last appeared in the original series finale episode which aired in 2002. Barbara Hershey also makes her first appearance as a new recurring character, Erika Price. Reception "My Struggle III" received generally mixed-to-negative reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an approval rating of 33% with an average rating of 5.96 out of 10 based on 9 reviews. In its initial broadcast in the United States on January 3, 2018, it received 5.2 million viewers, which was a
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["My Struggle III", {"description":'episode of The X-Files (S11 E1)'}], ["My Struggle II", {}], ["The X-Files", {}], ["Barbara Hershey", {}]]
Relations:[["My Struggle III", "follows", "My Struggle II"], ["My Struggle III", "part of the series", "The X-Files"], ["My Struggle III", "cast member", "Barbara Hershey"]] |
### User:
Abingdon was a rural district in the administrative county of Berkshire from 1894 to 1974. It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 based on that part of the Abingdon rural sanitary district which was in Berkshire (the Oxfordshire part forming Culham Rural District). It nearly entirely surrounded, but did not include, the municipal borough of Abingdon, and in the north was close to Oxford. The district was governed locally by the Abingdon Rural District Council which, in the 1960s, consisted of 35 members. The offices of the Council were in Bath Street, Abingdon. It was abolished in 1974from parts of South Hinksey and Radley) Kingston Bagpuize (until 1971: formed part of Kingston Bagpuize with Southmoor CP) Kingston Bagpuize with Southmoor (from 1971: merger of Kingston Bagpuize, Draycot Moor CPs) Lyford Marcham Milton North Hinksey Radley Seacourt (until 1900: absorbed by Wytham CP) South Hinksey Steventon Sunningwell Sutton Courtenay Sutton Wick (until 1934: abolished with areas going to Abingdon MB, Drayton, Sutton Courtenay CPs) Tubney (until 1952: merged with Fyfield CP) Wootton Wytham References http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit_page.jsp?u_id=10135140 Rural District Category:Districts of England abolished by the Local Government Act 1972 Category:Former districts of Berkshire Category:Districts of England created by the Local
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Abingdon Rural District", {"description":'former rural district in the administrative county of Berkshire, England', "alias":['Abingdon']}], ["Rural district", {}], ["Berkshire", {}]]
Relations:[["Abingdon Rural District", "instance of", "Rural district"], ["Abingdon Rural District", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Berkshire"]] |
### User:
Aleksandr "Sasha" Kolpakov () (born 1943 in Orenburg district, Russia). Coming from a Servo family, a group of Romani people found mostly in Russia and Ukraine, he started playing a seven string guitar at an early age while living in the region of Saratov. Having moved twenty years ago to Moscow, he played in several groups but worked mostly in the Romen Theatre, the only Romani theater in existence in the world. Kolpakov also engages in independent projects, such as playing with the Kolpakov Trio, the first Russian Romani ensemble to tour North America in the post-communist period. His nephew,
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Sasha Kolpakov", {"description":'Russian musician'}], ["Russia", {}], ["Guitar", {}], ["Kolpakov", {}]]
Relations:[["Sasha Kolpakov", "country of citizenship", "Russia"], ["Sasha Kolpakov", "instrument", "Guitar"], ["Sasha Kolpakov", "family name", "Kolpakov"]] |
### User:
Karl Felix Wolff (Italian: Carlo Felice Wolff; 21 May 1879 – 25 November 1966) was a journalist, poet, author and self-taught folklorist of the South Tyrol who collected and published Ladinian legends. Life Karl Felix Wolff' was born in Karlstadt (now Karlovac), Croatia on 21 May 1879. His father was an Austrian officer and his mother was Lucilla von Busetti, from the Non Valley. When he was a child his family moved to Bolzano, South Tyrol, where he heard local Ladinian legends from his nanny during a lengthy illness. Wolff became a journalist and author, but spent much time travellingWolff was a pan-German nationalist, and thought that Germans were the original Indo-German people. During World War I (1914–18) he published articles in the Alldeutsche Blätter in which he called the Italians and French representatives of the African and Asiatic races, who had the audacity to attack the European Germans. In 1918 he wrote, "The next bimillenium will be the age of the Germans, for German history is just repeating Indo-German history, and the world is about to become German in the same way it once became Indo-German. Some of the articles were so extreme that they were translated andpublished by the French propagandists. Karl Felix Wolff' died on 25 November 1966 in Bolzano. Selected works Wolff published a number of books in German, including collections of legends and descriptions of places, and also published magazine articles, booklets and leaflets. His interest was that of a poet and author rather than an anthropologist, so the legends are probably not entirely authentic. German language Monographie der Dolomitenstraße und des von ihr durchzogenen Gebiets. Ein Handbuch für Dolomitenfahrer mit touristischen, geschichtlichen und wissenschaftlichen Erläuterungen. Bolzano (1908). Dolomiten-Sagen. Gesamtausgabe. Sagen und Überlieferungen, Märchen und Erzählungen der ladinischen und deutschen Dolomitenbewohner. Mit zweiExkursen: Berner Klause und Gardasee. Innsbruck (1913). Vom Wein im Etschland. Plaudereien über die Wimmzeit und den Wein nebst einer kleinen Sammlung von Weingeschichten, wie sie in alter Zeit erzählt wurden auf und ab an der Etsch. Bolzano (1925). Canazei. Das Zentrum der Dolomiten. Canazei (1927). Ortisei. Bolzano () Dolomitenfahrt. Eine Schilderung des Dolomitengebietes mit besonderer Berücksichtigung seines Haupt-Durchzugs-Weges Bolzano (Bozen) – Dobbiaco (Toblach). Bolzano 1931. König Laurin und sein Rosengarten. Ein höfisches Märchen aus den Dolomiten. Nach der mittelhochdeutschen Spielmanns-Dichtung "Laurin" und nach verschiedenen Volkssagen in freier Bearbeitung. Bolzano (1932). Alt-Völker Tirols. Eine grundsätzliche Stellungnahme zu den wichtigsten Fragender heimischen Völkergeschichte in gemeinverständlicher Darlegung. Bolzano (1951). Der Ritter mit den Herbstzeitlosen. Höfisches Märchen aus den Toblacher Dolomiten. Nach alten Sagen und Überlieferungen der Dolomitenbewohner zusammengestellt und wiedergegeben. Bressanone (1963). Abendland und Morgenland. Ein Einblick in die Probleme der neuesten Altertums- und Kulturforschung. Bolzano (1964). Translations into Italian The Italian translations, published by Cappelli Editore, hold selected legends originally published in various books. Il regno dei Fanes L'anima delle Dolomiti (prima edizione 1967, seconda edizione 1987) I monti pallidi (1987) Rododendri bianchi delle Dolomiti (1989) Ultimi Fiori delle Dolomiti (Licinio Cappelli Editore-Bologna 1953) English versions References Sources Category:1879 births
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Karl Felix Wolff", {"description":'Italian journalist, writer and anthropologist'}], ["Karlovac", {}], ["Bolzano", {}], ["Wolff", {}], ["Journalist", {}], ["Anthropologist", {}], ["German language", {}]]
Relations:[["Karl Felix Wolff", "place of birth", "Karlovac"], ["Karl Felix Wolff", "place of death", "Bolzano"], ["Karl Felix Wolff", "family name", "Wolff"], ["Karl Felix Wolff", "occupation", "Journalist"], ["Karl Felix Wolff", "work location", "Bolzano"], ["Karl Felix Wolff", "occupation", "Anthropologist"], ["Karl Felix Wolff", "languages spoken, written or signed", "German language"]] |
### User:
Vikki Orvice (8 November 1962 – 6 February 2019) was a British sports journalist who was the first female football reporter on the staff of a British tabloid newspaper. Early life and education Orvice studied English at the University of Leicester, graduating in 1984, before returning to her home city of Sheffield for postgraduate study. Journalism career Orvice started her career as an apprentice at the Wakefield Express. After two years, she moved to the Western Daily Press, where she worked alongside doing freelance shifts for the Daily Mail and The Observer. She eventually moved to the Daily Mail full-time,working as a general news reporter, covering sport in her spare time. In 1995, she was appointed as a football reporter for The Sun and subsequently became the newspaper's athletics correspondent. Orvice was a founding board member of Women in Football, a network of women working in football. She was also vice-chair of the Football Writers' Association and the first female chair of the British Athletics Writers' Association. Personal life Orvice was married to fellow sports journalist Ian Ridley, who announced her death from breast cancer on 6 February 2019. She had first been diagnosed with the disease in 2007,and it returned in 2014. Knowing that her condition was terminal, Orvice continued working until the end of 2018. Legacy After her death, The Sun announced the establishment of a sport journalism scholarship in her name. A spokesperson for the newspaper said the scholarship would be awarded to a "young woman who has all the qualities Vikki held so dearly". References Category:Women sports journalists Category:1962 births Category:2019 deaths Category:Deaths from breast cancer Category:British women journalists Category:20th-century British journalists Category:20th-century British women writers Category:21st-century British journalists Category:21st-century British women writers Category:Alumni of the University of Leicester Category:Daily Mail journalists Category:The Sun
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Vikki Orvice", {"description":'British sports journalist'}], ["Journalist", {}], ["University of Leicester", {}], ["Breast cancer", {}]]
Relations:[["Vikki Orvice", "occupation", "Journalist"], ["Vikki Orvice", "educated at", "University of Leicester"], ["Vikki Orvice", "cause of death", "Breast cancer"]] |
### User:
Yayo may refer to: People Yayo Guridi, Argentine actor and comedian Santiago Luis Polanco Rodríguez (born 1961), cocaine dealer Yayo (illustrator) (born 1961), Colombian-born children's book illustrator and cartoonist Tony Yayo (born 1978), American rapper and member of the rap group G-Unit Yayo Aguila (born 1967), Filipina actress Yayo Kawamura (born 1967), Japanese-German children's book illustrator and designer Music "Yayo" (Eleni Foureira song) a song by Eleni Foureira "Yayo" (Lana Del Rey song) a song by Lana Del Rey "Yayo" (Snootie Wild song) a song by Snootie Wild Other A slang term for cocaine, based on the Spanish word "llello"
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Yayo", {"description":'2014 single by Snootie Wild'}], ["Snootie Wild", {}]]
Relations:[["Yayo", "performer", "Snootie Wild"]] |
### User:
Valdomiro Soares Eggres (born 8 February 1988), simply known as Valdo is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays for Nongbua Pitchaya the in Thai League 2 as a Forward. After playing for a host of clubs in Brazil, on 27 June 2014 he signed for Cypriot club Ethnikos Achna. References External links Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:Brazilian footballers Category:Association football forwards Category:Brusque Futebol Clube players Category:Criciúma Esporte Clube players Category:Boa Esporte Clube players Category:Campinense Clube players Category:Brasília Futebol Clube players Category:Ituano FC players Category:Ethnikos Achna FC players Category:Air Force United F.C. players Category:Thai Honda F.C. players Category:Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", {"description":'Brazilian footballer', "alias":['Valdo']}], ["Brazil", {}], ["Association football", {}], ["Brusque Futebol Clube", {}], ["Criciúma Esporte Clube", {}], ["Boa Esporte Clube", {}], ["Brasília Futebol Clube", {}], ["Campinense Clube", {}], ["Ituano FC", {}], ["Ethnikos Achna FC", {}]]
Relations:[["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "country of citizenship", "Brazil"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "sport", "Association football"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "member of sports team", "Brusque Futebol Clube"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "member of sports team", "Criciúma Esporte Clube"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "member of sports team", "Boa Esporte Clube"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "member of sports team", "Brasília Futebol Clube"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "member of sports team", "Campinense Clube"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "member of sports team", "Ituano FC"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "member of sports team", "Ethnikos Achna FC"], ["Valdomiro Soares Eggres", "country for sport", "Brazil"]] |
### User:
Jason Brett Kearton (born 9 July 1969) is an Australian former professional soccer player who played as a goalkeeper from 1987 until 2004. After starting his career with Brisbane Lions, he moved to England to play in the Premier League for Everton. He also played in England with Stoke City, Blackpool, Notts County, Preston North End and Crewe Alexandra. He finished his career with Brisbane Strikers and now owns his own goalkeeping coaching school. Playing career Kearton was born in Ipswich, Queensland and began his career in his native land, firstly with Coalstars and then with the Brisbane Lions. Intwo UK-born children, Jake and Chloe. Career statistics Sourced from A. The "Other" column constitutes appearances and goals in the Anglo-Italian Cup, Football League Trophy and Football League play-offs. Honours Everton FA Cup: 1995 FA Charity Shield: 1995 Crewe Alexandra Football League Second Division play-off final winner: 1997 References External links Jason Kearton Goalkeeping Website Kearton's profile at Supercamp Australia Category:1969 births Category:Living people Category:Sportspeople from Ipswich, Queensland Category:Association football goalkeepers Category:Australian soccer players Category:Australian expatriate soccer players Category:Premier League players Category:English Football League players Category:National Soccer League (Australia) players Category:Queensland Lions FC players Category:Blackpool F.C. players Category:Brisbane Strikers FC
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Jason Kearton", {"description":'Australian soccer player'}], ["Ipswich, Queensland", {}], ["Brisbane Strikers FC", {}], ["Australia", {}], ["Association football", {}]]
Relations:[["Jason Kearton", "place of birth", "Ipswich, Queensland"], ["Jason Kearton", "member of sports team", "Brisbane Strikers FC"], ["Jason Kearton", "country of citizenship", "Australia"], ["Jason Kearton", "sport", "Association football"]] |
### User:
LatiNation is a nationally syndicated television program airing in over 90 cities all over the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. The program is produced by American Latino Syndication, a division of LATV Networks, and often is broadcast in tandem with its sister program American Latino TV. It is one of the first English language, U.S. Latino targeted TV programs on mainstream television and touches on many topics with the general theme being stories about young, 2nd and 3rd generation Latinos making an impact on U.S. society. Format The show is a half-hour in length with 5 segmentsranging from 1:30 −3:30 minutes in length. The segments include: The Vault, Making the Grade, Spotlight, Salud, Underground, Sessions, Cinenation, En Acción and Mi Estilo. Origins LatiNation was originally produced by the AIM Tell-A-Vision Group (AIM TV), a New York-based production and syndication company. AIM is a division of Artist and Idea Management and helped establish the business model of producing English language content for U.S. born Latinos beginning in 2001. AIM TV was established in February 2000 by Robert G. Rose and Renzo Devia. AIM TV was the first television company to successfully produce, distribute and syndicate television programming
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["LatiNation", {"description":'television series'}], ["United States", {}], ["English language", {}]]
Relations:[["LatiNation", "country of origin", "United States"], ["LatiNation", "original language of film or TV show", "English language"]] |
### User:
Louis Morris Crump (May 21, 1916 – April 6, 2019) was an American politician in the state of Texas. Crump was born in Santa Anna, Texas. He was a lawyer, residing in San Saba, Texas. He served in the Texas State Senate from 1959 to 1967 as a Democrat from the 16th district. From 1963 to 1967, he served as president pro tempore of the state senate. He turned 100 in May 2016 and died at the age of 102 in 2019. References Category:1916 births Category:2019 deaths Category:American centenarians Category:People from Santa Anna, Texas Category:Texas lawyers Category:Presidents pro tempore of
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Louis Crump", {"description":'American lawyer'}], ["Lawyer", {}], ["Politician", {}], ["Santa Anna, Texas", {}]]
Relations:[["Louis Crump", "occupation", "Lawyer"], ["Louis Crump", "occupation", "Politician"], ["Louis Crump", "place of birth", "Santa Anna, Texas"]] |
### User:
Daniel James Gale (born 15 June 1989) is an English cricketer. Gale is a right-handed batsman who bowls slow left-arm orthodox. He was born in Tadworth, Surrey and educated at Glyn School in Epsom. While studying for his degree at Durham University, Gale made his first-class debut for Durham UCCE against Derbyshire in 2008. He appeared in six further first-class matches for the university, the last of which against in 2010 against Durham, by which time the university was playing as Durham MCCU following a change of name in 2010. In his five first-class matches, he scored 59 runs atan average of 48.33, with a high score of 37. With the ball, he took 9 wickets at a bowling average of 48.33, with best figures of 4/94. In 2008, he made a single List A appearance for the Marylebone Cricket Club against Bangladesh A. In this match, he scored an unbeaten single with the bat, while with the ball he bowled 9 wicket-less overs for the cost of 58 runs. References External links Dan Gale at ESPNcricinfo Dan Gale at CricketArchive Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:People from Reigate and Banstead (district) Category:Alumni of Durham University Category:English cricketers Category:Durham MCCU
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Dan Gale", {"description":'cricketer (born 1989)'}], ["Durham University", {}], ["Cricketer", {}], ["Tadworth", {}], ["Cricket", {}], ["Marylebone Cricket Club", {}]]
Relations:[["Dan Gale", "educated at", "Durham University"], ["Dan Gale", "occupation", "Cricketer"], ["Dan Gale", "place of birth", "Tadworth"], ["Dan Gale", "sport", "Cricket"], ["Dan Gale", "member of sports team", "Marylebone Cricket Club"]] |
### User:
is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Dr. Slump manga series, created by Akira Toriyama. She is a robot built by Senbei Norimaki who looks like a young girl. She is known for her naïveté, energetic personality, lack of common sense, and amazing strength. Senbei tries to convince the other citizens of Penguin Village that she is just a normal human girl, and it seems to work, despite her superhuman athletic ability. Among her strengths, she can use abilities that range from the terrain splitting to the beam-like . However, she is nearsighted and needs to wear glasses.on this, saying that Arale was initially only a guest character for one chapter. However, because he really liked Toriyama's girl characters the editor wanted her to be the main character. The artist felt differently because Weekly Shōnen Jump is aimed at boys. The two made a bet; Toriyama created a special issue with a female lead, and whoever's story took higher in the magazine's reader poll would win. Torishima won, but because he is stubborn, Toriyama refused to change the Dr. Slump name. Toriyama purposefully gives his protagonists plain appearances as he prefers to focus on the story. Heby Arale having them it made them feel better about themselves, so he ended up keeping them. Arale is usually shown with purple hair, although it is dark brown in the 1997 anime. Appearances In Dr. Slump Arale poses as Senbei's sister or daughter, depending on who Senbei is talking to. The Norimaki family only grows from there when Arale and Senbei discover an egg when traveling to the past. The egg hatches into a small winged creature that they nickname Gatchan. Then Senbei marries the girl of his dreams (Midori Yamabuki) and they have a son named Turbo. Asif the house was not full enough, Gatchan inexplicably splits into two separate entities. The Dr. Slump series is a self-proclaimed gag manga with no ongoing plot. The entire series is about Arale's humorous exploration of the dynamics of life and the adventures Senbei and his inventions send them on. Arale has unique phrases she often uses, such as , , to express bewilderment, and yelling when she runs with her hands out. In other media Arale appears in Toriyama's Dragon Ball when Son Goku chases General Blue all the way to Penguin Village, she then defeats Blue with onekick and one headbutt after he paralyzes Goku. She is also able to ride on the Kinto'un, which indicates her as being pure of heart. In the anime adaptations, Arale is first seen in a picture on the wall of the capsule house Bulma creates in Dragon Ball episode 2, again on the television that Kame-Sennin is watching in episode 16, and on a poster in Son Gohan's bedroom in Dragon Ball Z. She also appears in The Great Mystical Adventure film, and her face was shown in the eighth Dragon Ball Z movie. Arale has appeared twice in DragonBall Super, first making a brief cameo appearance in episode 43 and later playing a key role in episode 69. Arale is also a playable character in the crossover video games Jump Super Stars and Jump Ultimate Stars, both for the Nintendo DS, and J-Stars Victory Vs for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita. She is also playable in several Dragon Ball video games, including Dragon Ball Z: Sparking! Meteor, Dragon Ball: World's Greatest Adventure and Dragon Ball DS 2: Charge! Red Ribbon Army. In 2014, two commercials featuring Dr. Slump were created by Toei Animation for Suzuki. The commercialsadvertise the car manufacturer's Kei SUV Hustler and include new acting from Mami Koyama as Arale and Kumiko Nishihara as Gatchan. In 2016, Ayami Nakajo portrayed Arale in a commercial for G.u. clothing. It shows Akane Kimidori (Yuki Uchida) and Peasuke Soramame (Kengo Kora) bewildered when Arale trades in her trademark overalls for a pleaded skirt. Voice actors Arale is voiced by Mami Koyama in the first Dr. Slump anime, Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball Super. She is voiced by Taeko Kawata in the second Dr. Slump anime and by Yuko Hara, keyboardist of the popular rock band Southern AllStars, in the radio drama. Reception In 1982, Arale came in 12th place in Animages fourth annual Anime Grand Prix for Favorite Character. Carl Kimlinger of Anime News Network wrote that among Dr. Slumps cast, Arale is the standout; "The way she laughs and runs and raises unwitting hell are all unforgettable." Her role in Dragon Ball Super was praised by Sam Leach from ANN due to how she clashes with the protagonists Goku and Vegeta; the latter often breaking the fourth wall stating they cannot defeat a person from a gag series. When asked in 1987 who would win
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Arale Norimaki", {"description":'fictional character from Dr. Slump', "alias":['Norimaki Arale']}], ["Akira Toriyama", {}], ["Dr. Slump", {}], ["Dragon Ball", {}], ["Mami Koyama", {}]]
Relations:[["Arale Norimaki", "creator", "Akira Toriyama"], ["Arale Norimaki", "present in work", "Dr. Slump"], ["Arale Norimaki", "media franchise", "Dragon Ball"], ["Arale Norimaki", "voice actor", "Mami Koyama"]] |
### User:
Radowell (Ukrainian: Ра́довель) — is a village in Ukraine, Olevsk district, Zhytomyr region. Geography Radowell is situated about 20 km away from Olevsk (a district centre), 165 km away from Zhytomyr (a regional centre) and 205 km away from Kyiv (the capital of Ukraine). The territory of the village is about 3,810 square km. The village is located in the Polissia lowland, 192m above sea level. The climate is moderate continental with cold winters and warm summers. The Polissia region is made up of mixed forests. Fauna and flora is typical for the Ukrainian Polissia region. «The soils are turfto the Bilokorovychi parish. Radowell saw such historical events as the Stolypin agrarian reform (in 1906, there were 1,000 people and 156 farms in the village), national liberation movement of 1917-1921, the Holodomor, Soviet rule, Chernobyl (the village was classified in the third category of those impacted by the disaster) and the restoration of Ukraine's independence. Today, the project "Radowell" is being implemented in the village. Social sector In the village there is a school, an "Ukrpost" post office, an outpatient department and pharmacy, a village club with a library and ethnographic museum, as well as a village council (whichday, buses run through the village following Olevsk-Kyiv/ Kyiv-Olevsk and Olevsk-Zhytomyr/ Zhytomyr-Olevsk routes. Within 5 km from Radowell, there is an international highway M-07, Kyiv-Kovel-Yahodyn. The nearest railway stations are Poiasky, Olevsk, Bilokorovychi and Korosten. Population As of January, 01, 2019, the population constitutes 1249 inhabitants Notable people Khorechko Mykola Stepanovych, senior soldier of the Armed Forces, died in the battles of Debaltseve. Yaroshenko Serhii Hryhorovych, sergeant, fighter of the 30th separate mechanized brigade in the 8th Army Corps of the Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine; died during an anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine. Kruchko Ivan Borysovych,Andriivna, former nurse of the village of Rudnia-Radowellska and that of Radowell as well as the city of Olevsk, poet, author of more than 30 books; member of the National Union of Journalists of Ukraine, the Union of Writers “Slavutych” (Kremenchuk), Poltava Union of Writers; honorary citizen of the city of Olevsk; laureate of the International Literary Prize named after Panteleimon Kulish and All-Ukrainian Prize named after Vasyl Yukhymovych — for the book Blue-Eyed Polissia. Khlan Mariia Fedorivna, native and resident of the village of Radowell, author of the collections Pearl of the Soul and On the Wings of the
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Radowell", {"description":'village in Olevsk Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine'}], ["Ukraine", {}]]
Relations:[["Radowell", "country", "Ukraine"]] |
### User:
Szilvia Szabó (born 24 October 1978, in Budapest) is a Hungarian sprint canoer who competed from 1997 to 2005. Competing in two Summer Olympics, she won three silvers (2000: K-2 500 m, K-4 500 m; 2004: K-4 500 m). Szabó has also had outstanding success at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, winning nineteen medals. This includes thirteen golds (K-2 500 m: 2001, 2002, 2003; K-2 1000 m: 2002, K-4 200 m: 1999, 2002, 2003; K-4 500 m: 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003; K-4 1000 m: 2001, 2005), three silvers (K-1 200 m: 2005, K-4 500 m: 1997, 1998), and three
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Szilvia Szabó", {"description":'canoeist', "alias":['Szilvia Szabo']}], ["Budapest", {}], ["Szabó", {}]]
Relations:[["Szilvia Szabó", "place of birth", "Budapest"], ["Szilvia Szabó", "family name", "Szabó"]] |
### User:
The Jaipur Superfast is a train of Western railway running between in Maharashtra and in Rajasthan, India. Coded 12955/12956, it is one of the fastest train from Mumbai to Jaipur under the Superfast category of trains. The train has recently been upgraded with comfortable LHB rakes effective 1 November 2019. Overview This train is the first broadguage train from Jaipur Junction. The train came into service on 30 January 1993 Between Durgapura and Mumbai Central. This train is also informally known as Gangaur Express. Before Jaipur Junction was upgraded to Broadguage, this train used to run from Durgapura Station which
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Jaipur Superfast Express", {"description":'train in India'}], ["India", {}]]
Relations:[["Jaipur Superfast Express", "country", "India"]] |
### User:
James Burnie Beck (February 13, 1822May 3, 1890) was a United States Representative and Senator from Kentucky. Life Born in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, Beck immigrated to the United States in 1838 and settled in Wyoming County, New York. He moved to Lexington, Kentucky in 1843 and graduated from Transylvania University in 1846. Beck was admitted to the bar and commenced the practice of law in Lexington. Until shortly before the Civil War, he was law partner of John C. Breckinridge, the U.S. Vice President who became a Confederate general; during the Civil War, Beck was interrogated by a military commission abouthis knowledge of his former partner's activities. After the war Beck was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives serving Kentucky's district 7. He was appointed to the Committee on Reconstruction where it was expected that as a newcomer and an immigrant he would be no obstacle to Republican intentions, but he immediately became a tenacious advocate of the rights of the defeated states. He was elected to the Fortieth and to the three succeeding Congresses, serving in all from March 4, 1867 to March 3, 1875. In 1876, Beck was appointed a member of thecommission to define the boundary line between Maryland and Virginia. He was then elected to the United States Senate in 1876, being reelected twice and serving in all from March 4, 1877, until his death in Washington, D.C., on May 3, 1890. While in the Senate, Beck was the Democratic Conference Chairman from 1885 to 1890, and the chairman of the Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard. He was prominent in the discussion of tariff and currency questions. He is interred at Lexington Cemetery. His son, George T. Beck, was a noted politician and entrepreneur in the state ofWyoming. See also List of United States Senators born outside the United States List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899) Notes References U.S. Congress. Memorial Addresses for James Beck. 51st Cong., 2nd sess. from 1890 to 1891. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1891. External links |- |- |- Category:1822 births Category:1890 deaths Category:19th-century American politicians Category:British emigrants to the United States Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives Category:Democratic Party United States senators Category:Kentucky Democrats Category:Kentucky lawyers Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky Category:People from Dumfries and Galloway Category:People
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["James B. Beck", {"description":'United States Representative and Senator from Kentucky (1822-1890)', "alias":['James Burnie Beck']}], ["United States", {}], ["United States Representative", {}], ["Dumfriesshire", {}], ["Transylvania University", {}], ["Politician", {}], ["Lexington Cemetery", {}], ["George T. Beck", {}]]
Relations:[["James B. Beck", "country of citizenship", "United States"], ["James B. Beck", "position held", "United States Representative"], ["James B. Beck", "place of birth", "Dumfriesshire"], ["James B. Beck", "educated at", "Transylvania University"], ["James B. Beck", "occupation", "Politician"], ["James B. Beck", "place of burial", "Lexington Cemetery"], ["James B. Beck", "child", "George T. Beck"]] |
### User:
the Gers département Clermont-Savès, in the Gers département Clermont-Soubiran, in the Lot-et-Garonne département Clermont-sur-Lauquet, in the Aude département In Greece Chlemoutsi, originally named Clermont In Haiti Clermont-Saint-Domingue In Ireland Clermont Carn, mountain in County Louth In South Africa Clermont, KwaZulu-Natal, a township in Durban, South Africa In the United States Clermont, Florida Clermont, Georgia Clermont, Indiana Clermont, Iowa Clermont, Kentucky Clermont, Burlington County, New Jersey Clermont, Cape May County, New Jersey Clermont, New York Clermont State Historic Site, New York, location of Clermont Manor, home of Robert Livingston (1688–1775) Clermont County, Ohio Clermont (Alexandria, Virginia) Clermont (Berryville, Virginia), a farm
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Clermont", {"description":'town in New York', "alias":['Clermont, New York']}], ["United States", {}]]
Relations:[["Clermont", "country", "United States"]] |
### User:
Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld (21 July 1856, Verona – 26 July 1913, Prague) was an Austrian military painter, a founding member of the Vienna Secession and a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague. Life Ottenfeld was a student at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna under Carl Wurzinger and Leopold Carl Müller. He lived in Munich in 1883–93 and Vienna in 1893–1900. For the Sixth International Art Exhibition in Munich in 1892, he was selected as a juror. Ottenfeld's illustrations in a history of the Austrian army between 1700 and 1867 in 1895, which became a standard referencework on uniforms in the period. He was a founding member of the Vienna Secession and sat on the Secession's working committee. The title page of the fourth issue of Ver Sacrum, the official journal of the Secession, was designed by Ottenfeld. After the death of Julius Mařák in 1899, Ottenfeld was appointed to the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague. Among his students in Prague was the painter and art restorer Zdeněk Glückselig. He spent thirteen years there as a professor, until his death. Style Ottenfeld was noted as a creator of military art in Vienna. He painted several battlescenes, as well as soldiers in uniform, with a historical context. Awards Lesser Gold Medal, Third International Art Exhibition in Vienna, 1894 Lesser Gold Medal, International Art Exhibition in Berlin, 1896 Second Class Medal, Antwerp, 1894 World Exhibition Selected exhibitions Christmas Exhibition in Vienna, 1891, Montenegrins in Flight Third International Art Exhibition in Vienna, 1894, Archduke Charles allows the transfer of the corpse of the French General Marçeau to the French forces (21 September 1796). Exhibition of the Graz Künstlerbund, 1904. Selected works A glorious chapter for the Austrian artillery. The army artillery reserve after the battle of Hradec Královéon the 3rd of July 1866. Oil on canvas, 1897, 194 x 289 cm, Museum of Military History, Vienna. Occupation campaign in Bosnia in 1878. Austrian troops cross a pass in Bosnia. Oil on wood, 1878, Museum of Military History, Vienna. Grenzer sniper and infantry in 1798. Oil on cardboard, 1896, Museum of Military History, Vienna. See also List of Orientalist artists Orientalism Bibliography References External links Category:1856 births Category:1913 deaths Category:Art Nouveau painters Category:Academy of Fine Arts, Prague faculty Category:Academy of Fine Arts Vienna alumni Category:Austrian painters Category:Austrian male painters Category:Members of the Vienna Secession Category:Orientalist painters Category:People from
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld", {"description":'Austrian painter (1856-1913)', "alias":['Rudolf Otto Ritter von Ottenfeld', 'Rudolf Otto Ottenfeld', 'Rudolf Otto Ritter Von Ottenfeld']}], ["Verona", {}], ["Prague", {}], ["Painter", {}], ["Munich", {}], ["Vienna", {}], ["Academy of Fine Arts Vienna", {}]]
Relations:[["Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld", "place of birth", "Verona"], ["Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld", "place of death", "Prague"], ["Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld", "occupation", "Painter"], ["Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld", "work location", "Munich"], ["Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld", "work location", "Vienna"], ["Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld", "educated at", "Academy of Fine Arts Vienna"]] |
### User:
The Education of Elizabeth is a 1921 American silent comedy romance film produced by Famous Players-Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was directed by Edward Dillon and stars stage star Billie Burke in her last silent film. The film was based on a play by Roy Horniman and is now a lost film. Cast Billie Burke as Elizabeth Banks Lumsden Hare as Thomas Edith Sharpe as Lucy Fairfax Donald Cameron as Harry Frederick Burton as Middleton Fredric March (uncredited extra) References External links Category:1921 films Category:American films Category:American silent feature films Category:American films based on plays Category:Films directed by
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["The Education of Elizabeth", {"description":'1921 film by Edward Dillon', "alias":['Education of Elizabeth']}], ["Film", {}], ["Billie Burke", {}], ["Fredric March", {}], ["Famous Players-Lasky", {}], ["1921", {}], ["Silent film", {}], ["Lost film", {}], ["Paramount Pictures", {}]]
Relations:[["The Education of Elizabeth", "instance of", "Film"], ["The Education of Elizabeth", "cast member", "Billie Burke"], ["The Education of Elizabeth", "cast member", "Fredric March"], ["The Education of Elizabeth", "production company", "Famous Players-Lasky"], ["The Education of Elizabeth", "publication date", "1921"], ["The Education of Elizabeth", "genre", "Silent film"], ["The Education of Elizabeth", "significant event", "Lost film"], ["The Education of Elizabeth", "distributed by", "Paramount Pictures"]] |
### User:
René Eidams (born 8 May 1989) is a German darts player. Career Eidams competed in his first PDC event in January 2014, when he qualified for the German Darts Championship. He lost 6–5 in the first round to Joey Palfreyman. Eidams qualified for the preliminary round of the 2016 PDC World Darts Championship after beating Maik Langendorf 10–8 in the final of the Bulls Superleague qualifier. He averaged just 69.25 against Thailand's Thanawat Gaweenuntawong, but beat him 2–0 in sets and then fell 2–0 down to world number one Michael van Gerwen in the first round. However, Eidams won hisJames Wilson. He met Van Gerwen again in the second round of the German Darts Masters, after defeating Peter Hudson 6–1, and lost 6–3. He exited the European Darts Matchplay at the same stage after being beaten 6–4 by Adrian Lewis. Eidams lost 5−3 to Kelvin Hart in the final of the 12th Challenge Tour event. The last European Tour event he reached this year was the International Darts Open and he was eliminated 6–1 by Steve West in the first round. World Championship results PDC 2016: First round (lost to Michael van Gerwen 2–3) References External links Category:1989 births
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["René Eidams", {"description":'German darts player'}], ["Darts", {}]]
Relations:[["René Eidams", "sport", "Darts"]] |
### User:
Sisu A-45 is a light off-road lorry made by the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Suomen Autoteollisuus (SAT) in 1970–1982. The two-axle, all-wheel-drive vehicle with payload of 4 150 kg was a further development of Sisu KB-45, that was originally developed after an assignment of the Finnish Defence Forces. Development A-45 based technically on its predecessor KB-45. The most significant difference was that the Kirkstall axles were substituted by Sisu's own axles. Production and use The predecessor KB-45 was produced in SAT Karis works. In 1969 SAT merged with Vanaja and when A-45 was presented in 1970 the production of Sisu
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Sisu A-45", {"description":'light off-road lorry made by the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Suomen Autoteollisuus (SAT) in 1970–1982', "alias":['Proto-Sisu']}], ["Sisu KB-45", {}]]
Relations:[["Sisu A-45", "follows", "Sisu KB-45"]] |
### User:
Mostafa Salameh, (born June25, 1970) is a Jordanian mountaineer who has completed the Seven Summits, including Mount Everest in 2008. Salameh is also a motivational speaker. Biography Salameh first became interested in mountaineering in 2004 while working as a food and beverage manager at the Sheraton Hotel in Edinburgh, Scotland. His interest started when he had a dream of himself praying on top of Mt. Everest. His first climb in the Himalaya was in April 2004, when he tried to climb Mera Peak () in Nepal, but had to retreat just from the top because of illness. His ascent ofEverest was finally made on May25, 2008, Jordan Independence Day, after he had sold some of his possessions to fund the expedition. He rang his parents and the King of Jordan via satellite phone from the peak. He completed the "Seven Summits" on November16, 2012 and is now among the (as of 2012) 235 people in the world at the time to have stood on top of the highest peak on every continent. He reached the North Pole on April 19, 2014. In 2008, Mostafa was awarded the Independence Medal by King Abdullah II of Jordan for his ascent of2006 – Climbed the highest point in Western Europe Mont Blanc March 2007 – 2nd attempt at Mount Everest ... uncompleted due to chest infection July 2007 – Climbed the highest point in Africa Mount Kilimanjaro 19,331 feet, 5895 Meters February 2008 – Climbed the highest point in South America Aconcagua 22,841 feet, 6960 Meter May 25, 2008 @ 6:50 am- Climbed the highest point in the world, Mount Everest 29,500) – Jordan Independence day November 16, 2012 – Climbed the highest point in the Australia/Oceana continent, Carstensz Pyramid, (4,884 meters / 16,023 feet) April 2013 – Everest Base Camp:Climbed to the Base Camp of Everest with a group of Jordanians for the support of the King Hussein Cancer Center (From the Lowest to the Highest for Cancer) February 2014 – Kilimanjaro Summit: Climbed the highest point in Africa (Kilimanjaro) with a team of 26 Jordanians for the support of the King Hussein Cancer Center (From the Lowest to the Highest for Cancer) April 19, 2014 – Reached the North Pole on a skiing trip January 15, 2016 - Reached the South Pole Recognition Knighted by King Abdullah of Jordan (October 6, 2008) Bibliography He has authored the book,
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Mostafa Salameh", {"description":'Jordanian mountaineer and motivational speaker'}], ["Mountaineer", {}], ["Mountaineering", {}], ["Jordan", {}]]
Relations:[["Mostafa Salameh", "occupation", "Mountaineer"], ["Mostafa Salameh", "sport", "Mountaineering"], ["Mostafa Salameh", "country of citizenship", "Jordan"]] |
### User:
UNFD (pronounced as an initialism [/ˈjuːˈenˈefˈdiː/]) is an independent record label based in Melbourne, Australia. The label is home to a number of Australian artists including Northlane, Ocean Grove, Hellions and In Hearts Wake, and international artists Frank Iero, Architects, Beartooth, Silverstein, and more. The label is widely known as Australia's leading heavy music brand with a focus on developing heavy music around the world with offices in London and Los Angeles. UNFD is part of the UNIFIED Music Group, owned by Jaddan Comerford. Overview UNFD's first release was Dream On, Dreamer's Heartbound on 5 August 2011. The album debutedat No. 38 on the ARIA Charts and was nominated for Best Heavy Rock Album of the Year at the ARIA Music Awards. In April 2013, the label released Northlane's hit album Singularity via a marketing campaign that was critically acclaimed across Australian media. The album debuted at No. 3 on the ARIA Charts. Shortly after, UNFD announced the signing of Gold Record artist Dead Letter Circus, and also announced that The Amity Affliction's albums Youngbloods and Chasing Ghosts album had been certified gold in Australia. In August 2013, the label had major success with Dead Letter Circus' album TheLike Houses Hellions House Vs. Hurricane In Hearts Wake Introvert Northlane Ocean Grove Sleep Talk Slowly Slowly Thornhill Tonight Alive Void of Vision Yours Truly Current international roster Architects Beartooth Crossfaith Dream State Frank Iero Hacktivist Like Moths to Flames LIMBS Silent Planet Silverstein Stray from the Path While She Sleeps Woes Former artists Antagonist A.D. (on Greyscale Records) The Amity Affliction (on Pure Noise Records) Balance and Composure (inactive) The Bride (inactive) Buried in Verona (disbanded) Dead Letter Circus (on Warner Music Australia) D at Sea Deez Nuts Dream On, Dreamer The Getaway Plan Hand of Mercy (disbanded) I
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["UNFD", {"description":'Australian music label'}], ["Record label", {}], ["Australia", {}], ["Melbourne", {}]]
Relations:[["UNFD", "instance of", "Record label"], ["UNFD", "country", "Australia"], ["UNFD", "headquarters location", "Melbourne"]] |
### User:
Thirukkovil or Tirukovil is a town in the Ampara District of Sri Lanka, situated along the eastern coast of the island. It is north of Pottuvil and south of Kalmunai. In Tamil the name translates to God's-temple. It was affected by 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. It was previously located with the Batticaloa District but now falls within the Ampara District. It is recognised for its traditional Tamil culture and temples. There is a Murugan temple: Shri Sithira Velayutha Suvamy Kovil. The schools include, Thambiluvil National College (TMMV), Thirukkovil MMTMV and Vinayagapuram Maha Vidyalayam (V.M.V) Thirukkovil was severely affected by the
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Thirukkovil", {"description":'village in Sri Lanka', "alias":['Thirukovil']}], ["Sri Lanka", {}], ["Ampara District", {}]]
Relations:[["Thirukkovil", "country", "Sri Lanka"], ["Thirukkovil", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Ampara District"]] |
### User:
Eduard Vieta Pascual is a Spanish psychiatrist and a leading scientific authority on the neurobiology and treatment of bipolar disorder. Education Eduard Vieta was born in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). He studied Medicine at the Autonomous University of Barcelona and graduated in 1987. He did his residency training at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona and became a specialist in Psychiatry in 1991. He subsequently received his PhD with honors at the University of Barcelona in 1994. Career Research focus/interests Vieta’s research interests include the neurobiology and treatment of bipolar disorders. His work focuses on new pharmacological and psychological treatments and theFoundation (2012) Clinical Neuroscience Lilly Award by the International College of Neuropsychopharmacology (CINP, 2014) Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Valencia. Present appointments Dr. Eduard Vieta is Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, where he heads the Bipolar Disorders Program, a worldwide leader in the clinical care, research and teaching of bipolar disorders and Head of the Psychiatry Unit at the Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. Vieta is also the Director of the Bipolar Research Program at the Spanish Research Network on Mental Diseases (CIBERSAM), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and director
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Eduard Vieta", {"description":'Spanish psychiatrist'}], ["Psychiatrist", {}], ["Spain", {}], ["Autonomous University of Barcelona", {}], ["University of Barcelona", {}], ["Barcelona", {}]]
Relations:[["Eduard Vieta", "occupation", "Psychiatrist"], ["Eduard Vieta", "country of citizenship", "Spain"], ["Eduard Vieta", "educated at", "Autonomous University of Barcelona"], ["Eduard Vieta", "employer", "University of Barcelona"], ["Eduard Vieta", "place of birth", "Barcelona"]] |
### User:
Randal Ellison Williams (born May 21, 1978) is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League for the Jacksonville Jaguars, Dallas Cowboys and Oakland Raiders. He played college football at the University of New Hampshire. Early years Williams attended Deerfield Academy, where he played wide receiver and defensive end in football. He also practiced track, running in the 100 metres, 200 metres and 4 × 100 metres relay. He earned a silver medal in the 100-meters at the New England Prep School Championships and tied the school record. College career Williams accepted a football scholarship from theUniversity of New Hampshire. As a junior, he saw playing time as a running back and defensive end. He played in 11 games, posting 10 receptions for 149 yards (14.9-yard average), 3 receiving touchdowns, 4 carries for 26 yards and one tackle. As a senior, he played in 7 games, finishing with 10 receptions for 258 yards (25.8-yard average), 4 receiving touchdowns, 47 carries for 163 yards, 3 rushing touchdowns and returned 8 punts for 146 yards (18.3-yard average). Professional career Jacksonville Jaguars Williams was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Jacksonville Jaguars after the 2001 NFL Draft,who were intrigued by his size to speed ratio. He was declared inactive in the first 6 games until being waived on October 27. Dallas Cowboys On October 29, 2001, he was claimed off waivers by the Dallas Cowboys. As a rookie, he played in 7 games (2 inactive) and had 7 special teams tackles. In 2002, he finished sixth on the team with 11 special teams tackles. In a 2003, he tallied 11 special teams tackles, Against the Philadelphia Eagles, he returned an onside kick for a touchdown which officially took just three seconds, making it the fastest touchdownat wide receiver, but only caught one pass and was eventually cut on April 28, 2005. Oakland Raiders On August 2, 2005, he was signed as a free agent by the Oakland Raiders, with the intention of converting him into a tight end. He posted 13 receptions for 164 yards. In 2006 he started 10 games, collecting 28 receptions for 293 yards (18.3-yard average) until being replaced by Courtney Anderson. The next year, he left training camp for three days to deal with "personal issues", which led to his release on August 4, 2007. References Category:1978 births Category:Living people Category:Sportspeople
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Randal Williams", {"description":'American football player'}], ["Dallas Cowboys", {}], ["Jacksonville Jaguars", {}], ["Deerfield Academy", {}], ["Wide receiver", {}], ["American football", {}]]
Relations:[["Randal Williams", "member of sports team", "Dallas Cowboys"], ["Randal Williams", "member of sports team", "Jacksonville Jaguars"], ["Randal Williams", "educated at", "Deerfield Academy"], ["Randal Williams", "position played on team / speciality", "Wide receiver"], ["Randal Williams", "sport", "American football"]] |
### User:
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan (, ) is the unified armed forces of Kazakhstan. It consists of the Ground Forces, Air and Air Defence Forces, Naval Forces, and National Guard. The national defence policy aims are based on the Constitution of Kazakhstan. They guarantee the preservation of the independence and sovereignty of the state and the integrity of its land area, territorial waters and airspace and its constitutional order. The armed forces of Kazakhstan act under the authority of the Kazakhstan Ministry of Defence. The Military Balance 2013 reported the armed forces' strength as; Army, 20,000, Navy,3,000, Air Force, 12,000, and MoD, 4,000. It also reported 31,000 paramilitary personnel. General composition The branches and subordinate bodies of the armed forces include: Ministry of Defense Branches Ground Forces Air Defense Forces Kazakh Naval Forces Airborne Forces Kazakh Special Forces Rocket and Artillery Forces Territorial Troops Affiliated forces National Guard of Kazakhstan Civil Defense of the Committee of Emergencies Border Service of the National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan State Security Service of Kazakhstan History On May 7, 1992, the President of Kazakhstan took a number of actions regarding defence. He signed a decree on the'establishment of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan', the transformation of the State Committee of Defence of the Republic of Kazakhstan into the Ministry of Defence, on the attribution of Sagadat Nurmagambetov the military rank of Colonel General, and the appointment of General-Colonel Sagadat Nurmagambetov as Defence Minister of Kazakhstan. Mukhtar Altynbayev served as the Minister of Defence twice, most recently from December 2001 to 10 January 2007. On June 30, 1992, the Soviet Armed Forces' Turkestan Military District disbanded, following the collapse of the Soviet Union. The most powerful grouping of forces from the Turkestan Military Districtthen became the core of Kazakhstan's new military. Kazakhstan acquired all the units of the 40th Army (the former 32nd Army) and part of the 17th Army Corps, including 6 land force divisions, storage bases, the 14th and 35th air-landing brigades, 2 rocket brigades, 2 artillery regiments and a large amount of equipment which had been withdrawn from over the Urals after the signing of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe. On July 6, 2000, a Presidential Decree "On the structure of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan" changed the structure: The Armed Forces returned tocommander of the Southern Military District, Maj. Gen. N. А. Dzhulamanov commander of the Eastern Military District, Maj. Gen. Zhasuzakov commander of the Airmobile Forces, Major-General A. Shatskov commander of the Central Military District and K. Altynbayev given the title of Army General. Kazakhstan had its first military parade in its history at Otar Military Base on May 7, 2013, celebrating the Defender of the Fatherland Day as the national holiday for the first time ever. During the ceremony, the first woman was promoted to the rank of General. Today there are four regional commands: Regional Command Astana, Regional CommandSouth at Taraz, Regional Command East at Semipalatinsk, Regional Command West at Aktobe, as well as the Air Defence Forces, the Airmobile Forces with four brigades, and the Artillery and Missile Forces (formed as a separate branch on 7 May 2003). Kazakhstan is a founding member of CSTO and SCO. Kazakhstan also has an Individual Partnership Action Plan with NATO & strategic cooperation with the Turkish Armed Forces. Ground Forces The 32nd Army had been serving in Kazakhstan for many years. The 32nd Army had been redesignated initially the 1st Army Corps (1988), then the 40th Army (June 1991). It155th Motor Rifle Division); the 5204th BKhVT at Karaganda (prior to 1989 – the 203rd Zaporozhye Khingan Motor Rifle Division), taken over by Kazakhstan on 7 May 1992, the 69th Tank Division (mobilisation) (Ust-Kamenogorsk), and the 10th Fortified Area. The 69th Tank Division and the 10th Fortified Area were both disbanded in 1992. In the middle of the 1990s Kazakhstan's land forces included the 1st Army Corps (HQ Semipalatinsk), with the 68th Motor Rifle Division (Sary-Ozek, in Kyzylorda Province) – 2 motor-rifle and one tank regiment and the 78th Tank Division (Ayaguz). While the 68th Division was called a motor-rifleformation, in equipment terms it had almost 300 tanks and about 500 armoured fighting vehicles. The 78th Tank Division had 350 tanks, 290 armoured fighting vehicles and 150 artillery pieces. The 210th Guards Training Center, the former 80th Guards Motor Rifle training Division, had 6,000 soldier and officers and 220 tanks and 220 artillery pieces, so was a strengthened division. It was often called the Division of Guards by Kazakh sources. Some of Kazakhstan's officers have trained at the United States Military Academy at West Point. Today the Ground Forces include four regional commands: Regional Command "Astana" (Headquarters Karaganda) –the administrative boundaries of Akmola, Karagandy Province, Kostanay Province and North Kazakhstan. The command acts as the Supreme Commander's reserve. The commander of the district is Major General Vladimir Shatsky (as of April 2008). The District includes the 7th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade at Karaganda. Regional Command "East" (Headquarters Semipalatinsk) – in the administrative boundaries of East Kazakhstan and Pavlodar Province (Families, Ust-Kamenogorsk, George, and Ayagoz Usharalsky garrisons). Commander of the district is Lieutenant General Nikolai Pospelov (as of September 2008). The District has the 3rd Mechanized Division (formerly the 78th Tank Division) at Ayaguz, three (?) bases for storageof military equipment, 3rd Separate Motor Rifle Brigade at Usharal (Military Unit No.40398, formed on the basis of a motor rifle regiment of the 155th Motor Rifle Division), 4th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade at Novo-Akhmirovo, Ust-Kamenogorsk (Military Unit No.27943), a cannon artillery brigade, and an air defence missile brigade. Regional Command "West", (Headquarters Atyrau) – in the administrative boundaries of the West Kazakhstan Province, Aktobe Province, Atyrau Province and Mangystau Province. The main task is ensuring the integrity of state borders, territorial integrity, sovereignty and economic interests of Kazakhstan in the Kazakh sector of the Caspian Sea. In 2008, thecommander of the district appointed general Alimzhan Kanagatovich Erniyazov. The District has separate motor rifle and artillery brigades. Regional Command "South", (Headquarters Taraz) – in the administrative boundaries of Almaty Province, Zhambyl Province, South Kazakhstan Province and Kyzylorda Province. The district's main task is ensuring security in the south-eastern borders of the country. In 2008, General Alikhan Brimzhanovich Dzharbulov was appointed commander of the district. The District includes the 4th Motor Rifle Division at Sary-Ozek in Almaty Province, the 5th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade (Taraz, Military Unit No.85395, 1,500 personnel), the 6th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade (Shymkent, Military Unit No.35748,Kazakhstan in 1992. Near Karaganda was the 5204th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment, the remnants of a motor rifle division. In 1998 two motorized rifle brigades were created from the former storage base. One of which was left near Karaganda, and another called 2nd Separate Motor Rifle Brigade and was relocated 200 kilometers to the north of Nur-Sultan, which by that time was the capital, and for that reason ought to have a decent court garrison. No units were stationed in Nur-Sultan (Astana) during the Soviet period. In October 2003, the 36th Separate Air Assault Brigade was formedon the basis of the 2nd Motor Rifle Brigade. On the basis of Taldykorgan Motor Rifle Regiment, 173rd Sary Ozekskoy Motor Rifle Division, in April 2003 was formed the 37th Separate Air Assault Brigade. the 35th Guards Air Assault Brigade at Kapshagai, the 36th Air Assault Brigade at Nur-Sultan, the 37th Air Assault Brigade at Taldykorgan the 38th Air Assault Brigade – Peacekeeping Brigade KAZBRIG at Almaty Security agencies and commando units There are a number of special forces units reporting to various Kazakh security agencies which are not part of the Armed Forces. Examples of this include an ArystanCommando Unit and a Border Guard of the National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan (KNS), the Police have units, and the Kazakh Presidency. Additionally, a small Republican Guard exists, with 2,500 soldiers (1994), but this force is not considered as a part of the Army. The Republican Guard was established on March 6, 1992, when the President of Kazakhstan signed a decree on their creation. The Republican Guard was established on the basis of a separate brigade of operational designation of the Internal Troops deployed in the village of Kaskelen district of Almaty region. Two Republican Guard regimentswere created, stationed in Nur-Sultan and Almaty. Air and air defence forces At the time of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the 24th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Division with three aviation regiments and three separate regiments was stationed in Kazakhstan. By late 1993 the Kazakhstan Air Force comprised a total of six regiments, with a further air defence fighter regiment. The 11th Division included the 129th Fighter-Bomber Regiment based at Taldy Kurgan, with MiG-27 'Flogger' aircraft and the 134th Fighter-Bomber Regiment at Zhangiz-tobe with MiG-27s. There was also the 149th Bomber Regiment at Zhetigen/Nikolayevka, with Sukhoi Su-24 'Fencers'. Independent elements comprisedBase, Zhetigen, Nikolayevka, Almaty, with MiG-29, 602nd Air Base, Chimkent, with MiG-29, 604th Air Base, Taldykorgan Airport, with MiG-27 and Su-27 (previously the 129th Fighter-Bomber Regiment) 610th Air Base, Sary-Arka Airport, Karaganda, with MiG-31. Aircraft Current inventory Future purchases On 28 October 2010, two strategic agreements signed today establish the framework for Eurocopter's creation of a 50/50 joint venture with Kazakhstan Engineering Kazakhstan to assemble EC145 helicopters, along with the sale of 45 of these locally assembled aircraft for government missions in the country. On 28 November 2011, Eurocopter delivered the first of six EC145s ordered to date by theKazakh Ministries of Defence and Emergencies. Deliveries are to continue through 2017. On 3 January 2012, Airbus Military signed a firm contract with Kazspetsexport, a state company belonging to the Ministry of Defence of Kazakhstan, to supply two EADS CASA C-295 military transport aircraft plus the related service support package for spare parts and ground support equipment. Additionally, a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) has been signed for a further six C295 aircraft, for which separate firm contracts will be signed progressively over the next few years. The first two aircraft will be delivered by April 2013 and for the remainingsix aircraft a delivery schedule will be defined over the following years. This purchase likely represents a quid pro quo. In 2008, EADS made titanium sourcing agreements with Kazakh suppliers. In May 2012, Kazakhstan signed a letter of intent to acquire 20 Eurocopter EC725 helicopters. They were to be assembled in Nur-Sultan by Kazakhstan Engineering. These Eurocoptors will be fitted with modern systems made by the Turkish firm Aselsan. Naval Forces Kazakhstan's Naval Forces were established by presidential decree on 7 May 2003 in spite of being the largest landlocked country on earth. They operate on the Caspian Sea, basedat Aktau. The Kazakh Naval Force has a strength of 3,000 personnel and is equipped with fourteen inshore patrol craft. Equipment The naval aviation base in Aktau was opened eight years later, in 2011. The 612th Airbase in Aktau will provide the home for two Su-27 fighter jets, seven Su-27 pilots and twelve helicopter gunship pilots, according to a report in Interfax-Kazakhstan (not online, via BBC Monitoring). The report doesn't specify the model or number of helicopters, but it is presumed they are Mi-24s. Higher educational institutions The following institutions are the main military academies in Kazakhstan: National Defense UniversityTalgat Bigeldinov Military Institute of the Air Defence Forces Military Institute of the Kazakh Ground Forces Aktau Naval Academy The Aktau Naval Academy of the Ministry of Defense of Kazakhstan was the main educational institution of the Kazakh Naval Forces. It established in March 2001 by order of the national government on the basis of the Vocational Technical School No. 2. which preceded it. It was reorganized into a naval institute on July 10, 2003, effectively upgrading its status as a nationally recognized military school. Graduates of the institute have served in ships and coastal units of the Navy andmaritime units of the Border Service of the National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In 2011, the institute was deactivated and liquidated. Academy of the Border Service of the National Security Committee The Academy of the Border Service of the National Security Committee (, ) was founded on December 26, 1931 and was renamed April 1938 to the school Kharkov Military School of the Border and Internal Troops of the NKVD. On April 2, 1957, the institution was transferred from the authority of the Interior Ministry to the KGB. In July 1960, the school was transformed into afour year school which would be known as the Alma-Ata Higher Frontier Command School. In 1993, at the base of the newly formed border troops, the Military Institute of the National Security Committee of Kazakhstan was established and introduced a higher legal education program for graduates, which would continue until 1997. The next 20 years would be marred with name changes until it was given its current name in March 2012. Cadet schools Astana Zhas Ulan Republican School Almaty Zhas Ulan Republican School Shymkent Zhas Ulan Republican School Karaganda Zhas Ulan Republican School Women in the Military There are approximately
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan", {"description":'combined military forces of Kazakhstan', "alias":['Kazakhstan Armed Forces', 'Military of Kazakhstan', 'mil Kazakhstan', 'Kazakhstan military']}], ["Kazakhstan", {}], ["Armed forces", {}], ["Kazakh Naval Forces", {}], ["President of Kazakhstan", {}], ["Kazakh Ground Forces", {}]]
Relations:[["Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan", "country", "Kazakhstan"], ["Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan", "instance of", "Armed forces"], ["Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan", "has part", "Kazakh Naval Forces"], ["Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan", "commanded by", "President of Kazakhstan"], ["Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan", "has part", "Kazakh Ground Forces"]] |
### User:
Elsie Jane Wilson (7 November 1885 – 16 January 1965) was a cinema actress, director, and writer during the early film era. She took part in the productions of the silent film era and starred in over thirty films. Between the years of 1916 and 1919, Wilson was credited for writing two films and directing eleven films. She was best known in the genres of dramas and comedy dramas. Biography Elsie Jane Wilson was born in Sydney, Australia. She began her career as a professional actress from the age of two. She credits her success to participating in the EnglishChristmas Pantomime every year, allowing her to gain training and experience for the pictures. Wilson toured Australia and New Zealand with a number of J. C. Williamson companies, where she met and married fellow performer, Rupert Julian in 1906. They immigrated to New York, United States in 1911 and eventually found work as actors in Hollywood under Joseph de Grasse. Film career Wilson and Rupert moved to Los Angeles in 1914 to pursue Universal Studios’ Rex Company. She briefly worked with The Little Theatre before she went into the movies. Wilson starred in films that were directed, produced and co-starredindifferent talent. Her work was seen as artistic, enjoyable and popular in the film industry. Wilson featured as many female roles in her films and tended to appeal to child and female audiences. When writer Frances Denton of Photoplay visited Universal Studios in 1918, she described the work that Wilson was creating as “sob stuff” and was noticed as one of the female directors at Universal that created films centering around children. “The Game’s Up”, released in 1919, marked the end of Wilson's career. Universal in the 1910s Historians noted Universal Studios for their feminist politics. Elsie Jane Wilson's caseshe came to set every day, often lightening the mood with jokes at Julian's expense to relieve tension. In 1917, Wilson began advertising in The Weekly for members to take part in a café scene for her film “The Game’s Up”. During the same time period, the Board of Health shut down many Los Angeles restaurants due to an influenza epidemic leaving cabaret showgirls out of work. Wilson and Universal was addressed with a mob of showgirls trying to take part in her film. In February 1918, Frances Denton wrote a story for Photoplay that addressed the normative femininity subordinatewomen in the name of equality. Denton presented Wilson as being a role model for the social standing of women. Moving Pictures World, a weekly film industry periodical, often published on Wilson and her efforts in the silent film era. The Moving Picture Weekly recorded Wilson as Bluebird's noted woman producer. Her work played upon gender roles. In one of the films directed by Wilson, The Dream Lady (1918), the plot highlights gender visibility and insisting that gender is a performance. Death Wilson survived her husband, Rupert Julian, who died in 1943. Elsie Jane Wilson died in Los Angeles, California,
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Elsie Jane Wilson", {"description":'Australian film director (1890-1965)'}], ["Writer", {}], ["Australia", {}], ["Sydney", {}], ["Los Angeles", {}], ["United States", {}]]
Relations:[["Elsie Jane Wilson", "occupation", "Writer"], ["Elsie Jane Wilson", "country of citizenship", "Australia"], ["Elsie Jane Wilson", "place of birth", "Sydney"], ["Elsie Jane Wilson", "place of death", "Los Angeles"], ["Elsie Jane Wilson", "country of citizenship", "United States"]] |
### User:
Robert Darley Waddilove (born Robert Darley; known after 1762 as Darley Waddilove; November 1736 – 18 August 1828) was Dean of Ripon. Waddilove was born in November 1736, was son of Abel Darley of Boroughbridge. This branch of the Darley family had lived for four generations at Ripley in Yorkshire, but the Waddilove's father migrated to Scoreby in East Riding. He was educated at Westminster School and Clare Hall, Cambridge, of which society he became a scholar, but was unable to take a fellowship, having inherited landed property at Boroughbridge from his uncle, Robert Waddilove (d. 1762), president of Barnard'sInn, whose name he assumed. He graduated BA in 1759, and MA in 1762. He was curate of Wotton in Surrey, and in 1767 rector of Whitby. From 1771 to 1779 he was chaplain to Thomas Robinson, 2nd Baron Grantham, ambassador to the Court at Madrid, during which time he exchanged Whitby for Topcliffe, and appointed himself rector of Cherry Burton, both in Yorkshire. In 1780 he became prebendary of Ripon, 1782 prebendary of York, and in 1786 Archdeacon of the East Riding. He was chaplain to Robert Hay Drummond and William Markham, Archbishops of York, and in 1791 becameDean of Ripon. He received the degree of LLD from John Moore (Archbishop of Canterbury). He held the deanery of Ripon with the archdeaconry until his death. During his residence in Spain Waddilove became friends with Abbe Bayer, tutor to the Spanish court, and had access to the library of the Escorial, where he collated the manuscript of Strabo for Thomas Falconer's edition (Clarendon Press, 2 vols. fol. 1807), and obtained much useful information for Robertson's History of America, which the historian gratefully acknowledges in the preface. He also wrote remarks on the pictures in the king of Spain's collectionwhich had formerly belonged to Charles I of England, translated Mengs's Essay on Painting (2 vols. London, 1796), and received from Infante Gabriel of Spain a copy of the translation of Salluse made by the prince. In 1775, while in Spain, he was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, for which he wrote several papers, among them 'An Historical and Descriptive Account of Ripon Minster' (Archæologia, vols. xvi. and xvii.) At his death he left to the library of York Minster a magnificent copy of Falconer's 'Strabo,' and of the rare work Bibliotheca Arábica del Escurial. Waddilove wasan active magistrate and zealous in his ecclesiastical duties; in one instance he was recorded as having destroyed a stage to prevent an illegal boxing match in the village of Grewelthorpe near Ripon. He was president of the Society for the Relief of the North Riding Clergy, and earnestly promoted its interests. His private charities were extensive, and he gave on several occasions large sums to increase the endowments of parishes in his own patronage or that of the chapter. Waddilove died at the deanery, Ripon, on 18 August 1828. On 3 April 1781, at the age of 45, hemarried Anne Hope Grant, daughter of Ludovic Grant (Luss in Argyll) who was 10 years his junior. Anne died in May 1797 after a long and painful illness, aged just 51. Waddilove's eldest son, Thomas Darley Waddilove, died in March 1799 aged only 17, and his youngest son (another priest), Robert Darley Waddilove, died in Penzance, Cornwall in July 1813 at the age of 24. The only one of Waddilove's sons to father children was William James Darley Waddilove MA (Hons. Cantab. St John's); he became chaplain to the Duke of Roxburghe and married Elizabeth Anne, the sister of thestatesman James Graham of Netherby. William was the father of naval lieutenant Robert Waddilove and admiral Charles Waddilove of Beacon Grange, Hexham. One of the Waddiove's daughters, Georgiana Maria, married Charles Christopher Oxley, of Minster House, Ripon. References References The entry use these sources: Memorials of Ripon (Surtees Soc.), ii. 275 Nichols Literary Anecdotes, vol viii. 636, 650 Documents in Bodleian Library, &c. Gentleman' Magazine 1829, i. 90 Burke Landed Gentry Thomas Wilson The Monuments, Gravestones and other Sepulchral Memorials in Ripon Cathedral 1847 Notes and Queries, 9th ser. iv. 5.] The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW:
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Darley Waddilove", {"description":'Archdeacon of the East Riding; Dean of Ripon; English Anglican priest', "alias":['Robert Darley Waddilove', 'Robert Darley']}], ["Westminster School", {}], ["Boroughbridge", {}], ["Ripon", {}], ["Waddilove", {}]]
Relations:[["Darley Waddilove", "educated at", "Westminster School"], ["Darley Waddilove", "place of birth", "Boroughbridge"], ["Darley Waddilove", "place of death", "Ripon"], ["Darley Waddilove", "family name", "Waddilove"]] |
### User:
Maria Ilda da Costa Figueiredo (born 30 October 1948 in Troviscal, Oliveira do Bairro) is a Portuguese politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Portuguese Communist Party, part of the European United Left - Nordic Green Left group. She is a substitute for the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development and the Delegation to the EU-Romania Joint Parliamentary Committee. Education In 1973, she was a graduated with an M.A. in Economics. In 1998, she entered the Educational Planning and Administration. She served as an economist for the Oporto Textile Workers' Union and the Oporto Trade Union Confederation ofCGTP. She has been a teacher at primary, secondary and university levels. Career From 1979–1991, she was a member of the Assembly of the Republic. She was a member of Vila Nova de Gaia town council (1983-1991), and member of the Oporto city council. Member of the Gaia Municipal Assembly. She is a member of the Central Committee of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP). Since 1999, she has been a Member of the European Parliament. External links Profile at the EP group Category:1948 births Category:Living people Category:Women members of the Assembly of the Republic (Portugal) Category:Portuguese Communist Party politicians Category:Portuguese
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Ilda Figueiredo", {"description":'Portuguese politician'}], ["Portuguese Communist Party", {}], ["Politician", {}], ["Economist", {}], ["Member of the European Parliament", {}], ["Portugal", {}]]
Relations:[["Ilda Figueiredo", "member of political party", "Portuguese Communist Party"], ["Ilda Figueiredo", "occupation", "Politician"], ["Ilda Figueiredo", "occupation", "Economist"], ["Ilda Figueiredo", "position held", "Member of the European Parliament"], ["Ilda Figueiredo", "country of citizenship", "Portugal"]] |
### User:
"The Universo Project" is a story arc that was published by DC Comics, and presented in Legion of Super-Heroes vol. 3, #32-35 (March–June 1987). It was written by Paul Levitz and pencilled by Greg LaRocque. In the story arc, the supervillain Universo manages to enthrall everyone of Earth, conquering the planet — leaving only four members of the Legion of Super-Heroes with any chance of defeating him. Plot Legion of Super-Heroes co-founder Saturn Girl — who recently resigned to spend time with her family — awakens to find herself in the barracks of a work farm on an unfamiliar planet.
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["The Universo Project", {"description":'comic story arc featuring the Legion of Super-Heroes'}], ["Comics", {}]]
Relations:[["The Universo Project", "instance of", "Comics"]] |
### User:
Nelly Ivanovna Korniyenko (; May 23, 1938 — May 9, 2019) was a Soviet and Russian film and theater actress. Career She graduated from Mikhail Shchepkin Higher Theater School (course of Viktor Korshunov). From 1959 she worked at Maly Theatre. She was in the cinema since 1960. She had 17 roles. Was awarded the title People's Artist of the RSFSR (1974). In 1980-1988 she taught acting skills in Shchepkin Theater School. References External links Nelly Korniyenko at the animator.ru Category:1938 births Category:2019 deaths Category:Soviet actresses Category:20th-century Soviet actresses Category:Soviet stage actresses Category:Soviet film actresses Category:Soviet voice actresses Category:20th-century Russian actresses
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Nelly Korniyenko", {"description":'Soviet actress'}], ["People's Artist of the RSFSR", {}]]
Relations:[["Nelly Korniyenko", "award received", "People's Artist of the RSFSR"]] |
### User:
The 1st constituency of Wallis and Futuna is a French legislative constituency covering the whole of the overseas collectivity of Wallis and Futuna. It is represented in the XVth legislature by Sylvain Brial an independent left-wing politician who defeated Napole Polutele in a 2018 by-election. Deputies Election results 2018 by-election Napole Polutele's 2017 election was invalidated and a by-election held in 2018. Only the first round of the election was required. 2017 Napole Polutele obtained sufficient votes to be elected in the first round. Note, this election was later invalidated, leading to the #2018 by-election 2013 by-election David Vergé's 2012election was annulled due to financial irregularities, causing a by-election on 17 and 24 March 2013. Two candidates stood for the left, including Laurianne Vergé for the Socialists. She was the first woman ever to stand as a candidate for Parliament to represent the constituency – and was the wife of David Vergé, who had represented the other side of the political spectrum. Seeking to retain the seat for the right, Napole Polutele stood as an independent endorsed by the Union for a Popular Movement. All three candidates received good enough results to advance to the second round, where Polutelereceived almost exactly the same result as in the first and was elected. Two months later, having been elected to sit on the opposition benches (albeit officially as an independent), he joined the ranks of the Socialist-led majority. He explained frankly that being a member of the majority would make it easier for him to lobby the government for funds and services for his constituents – who, he said, cared little for the left-right divide prevalent in metropolitan France. He subsequently sat as an independent on the benches of the left. 2012 2007 Sources and notes French Interior Ministry results
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Wallis and Futuna's 1st constituency", {"description":'constituency of the French Fifth Republic'}], ["Wallis and Futuna", {}], ["Napole Polutele", {}], ["France", {}]]
Relations:[["Wallis and Futuna's 1st constituency", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Wallis and Futuna"], ["Wallis and Futuna's 1st constituency", "represented by", "Napole Polutele"], ["Wallis and Futuna's 1st constituency", "country", "France"]] |
### User:
Shane Daly (born 19 December 1996) is an Irish rugby union player for Pro14 and European Rugby Champions Cup Munster. He plays primarily as a centre, but can also play wing and fullback. Daly represents Cork Constitution in the All-Ireland League. Early life Born in Cork, Daly first began playing rugby for Highfield R.F.C. He attended Presentation Brothers College, Cork, where he played in the Munster Schools Rugby Senior Cup, though injury prevented him from breaking through at age grade until under-20 level, during which time he won an U20 inter-provincial title with Munster. Cork Constitution Daly was part ofwas included in the squads for the 2019 Paris Sevens and the 2019 Rugby Europe Sevens Olympic Qualifying Tournament. Honours Cork Constitution All-Ireland League Division 1A: Winner (2): 2016–17, 2018–19 All-Ireland Cup: Winner (1): 2016–17 Munster Senior Cup: Winner (3): 2016–17, 2018–19, 2019–20 References External links Munster Senior Profile Munster Academy Profile Ireland 7s Profile Pro14 Profile U20 Six Nations Profile Category:1996 births Category:Living people Category:People educated at Presentation Brothers College, Cork Category:Rugby union players from County Cork Category:Irish rugby union players Category:Cork Constitution players Category:Munster Rugby players Category:Ireland international rugby sevens players Category:Rugby union centres Category:Rugby union wings Category:Rugby
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Shane Daly", {"description":'Irish rugby union player'}], ["Presentation Brothers College, Cork", {}]]
Relations:[["Shane Daly", "educated at", "Presentation Brothers College, Cork"]] |
### User:
Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis, known as the Red River pupfish, is a species of pupfish from the United States. It is found only in the Red River of the South and Brazos River drainages of Texas and Oklahoma. It grows to a total length of and feeds on midge larvae and other insects. It was first described by Henry Weed Fowler in 1916, as a subspecies of the species Cyprinodon bovinus; the specific epithet refers to the Red River. References Further reading rubrofluviatilis Category:Endemic fauna of Oklahoma Category:Endemic fauna of Texas Category:Fish of the Eastern United States Category:Freshwater fish of the United
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis", {"description":'species of fish'}], ["Species", {}], ["Cyprinodon", {}]]
Relations:[["Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis", "taxon rank", "Species"], ["Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis", "parent taxon", "Cyprinodon"]] |
### User:
The Weipa bandy bandy (Vermicella parscauda) is a species of snake in the family Elapidae, described in 2018. It is endemic to Australia. Taxonomy The species name is from Latin pars (part) and cauda (tail), after the tail length and the formed bands on the tail. Description The snake has 55–94 black dorsal bands and mottled or black ventral scales terminating approximately 2/3rds of the body into formed black rings. Habitat and distribution It is found in the Weipa area, Cape York, in Queensland. It inhabits monsoon habitat. Conservation The species has a confined locality and seems to be rare
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Vermicella parscauda", {"description":'species of reptile'}], ["Species", {}], ["Vermicella", {}]]
Relations:[["Vermicella parscauda", "taxon rank", "Species"], ["Vermicella parscauda", "parent taxon", "Vermicella"]] |
### User:
Martin Wolff (26 September 1872 – 20 July 1953) was a professor of law at the University of Berlin in Germany. In 1934, he was expelled from his post by the Nazis and emigrated to Britain, where he became a fellow at Oxford University. He specialized in private international law and property law, writing numerous works, including standard works in German and English. Life Early life and studies (1872–1903) Martin Wolff, the son of Wilhelm Wolff and Lehna Wolff (née Ball) was born in Berlin on 26 September 1872, into the family of a Jewish businessman and brought up inthe Jewish faith. He attended the Collège Français in Berlin and studied Law in Berlin. In 1894, he was awarded a doctorate from the law faculty based on a dissertation on The beneficium excussionis realis. In 1900, he obtained his habilitation in Berlin, with the thesis Der Bau auf fremdem Boden, insbesondere der Grenzüberbau nach dem Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuche für das deutsche Reich auf geschichtlicher Grundlage [Building on the Property of Another, in Particular Building that Encroaches on Adjoining Land According to the Civil Code for the German Reich on a Historical Basis]. Academic career, 1903–1938 In 1903, he was appointedassociate professor. About this time, he wrote his treatise on property law in –Kipp–Wolff, which became a standard work for almost half a century and was translated into Spanish in 1937. He married Marguerite Jolowicz in 1906. In 1907, he had a son, Konrad Wolff, who later became a famous pianist. He did not receive a full professorship until 1914. In 1919 he moved to Bonn, but returned to Berlin in 1921, being appointed Professor for Civil Law, Commercial Law, and Private International Law. Wolff was regarded as an outstanding lecturer, his lectures always being full to overflowing. When theNazis seized power, his lectures began to be disrupted. On 4 June and 5 June 1933, student SA men interrupted his lecture and threatened students who wished to attend. When Wolff started speaking, he could not be heard. More than a hundred hecklers whistled and shouted "." Only after the rector, Eduard Kohlrausch, intervened was Wolff able to continue with the lecture (Wolff later stated that Kohlrausch was the only university teacher to support him). But the disturbances continued. In 1935, because of his Jewish descent Wolff, along with his colleague Ernst Rabel, was ousted from his professorship by thenew dean of the Law Faculty, the fanatical Nazi Wenzeslaus von Gleispach, although neither he nor his colleague came under the proscriptions of the Civil Service Restoration Act, because they had had tenure since before 1914. The dismissal was nevertheless ordered by the education ministry. Emigration to England 1938–1953 In 1938, he finally emigrated to the United Kingdom, never to return to Germany. He was made a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. In 1945, he published Private International Law, a comprehensive description of English private international law. In 1947, he became a British citizen. In 1953, he was awardedan honorary doctorate from Oxford University. He died in London on 20 July 1953. He was survived by his wife, the former Marguerite Jolowicz (1883–1964). Works Wolff wrote numerous articles on commercial, company, family, property, and insurance law, as well as on private international law. In particular, his textbooks on family and inheritance law were very successful and were reprinted several times. His textbook on property law was continued by his pupil Ludwig Raiser. Das Sachenrecht (1910) Wolff's Das Sachenrecht [Property Law] was first published in 1910, and it soon became a standard work. Between 1910 and 1923, it waspublished in nine editions and sold 37,000 copies. It is characterized by dogmatic rigour and systematic completeness. Wolff was criticized for ignoring economic and historical relationships and the connections to public law. Private International Law (1945) Wolff's Private International Law was very well received in England. However, the typically Continental strictly systematic approach was somewhat off-putting for the English reader; in particular, the detailed discussion of problems that had not yet occurred in English case law was criticized: However, this made it relevant for English courts when gaps in the law needed to be filled. For instance, Wolff's book hasalso been cited in decisions of the House of Lords. Publications (selection) Der Bau auf fremdem Boden (1900) Das Sachenrecht (1910) Das Familienrecht (1912) Internationales Privatrecht (1933) Private International Law (1945) Traité de droit comparé (3 volumes) (1950–1952) Honours 1952: Knight Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany 1952: Honorary Doctor of Civil Law from Oxford University Notes and references Sources Munzinger International Biographical Archive 34/1953, 10 August 1953 Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni Category:University of Bonn faculty Category:University of Marburg faculty Category:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom Category:English legal scholars Category:German
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Martin Wolff", {"description":'German lawyer'}], ["Berlin", {}], ["Germany", {}], ["Wolff", {}], ["Konrad Wolff", {}], ["Bonn", {}], ["London", {}], ["University of Bonn", {}], ["University of Marburg", {}], ["Humboldt University of Berlin", {}], ["Marburg", {}]]
Relations:[["Martin Wolff", "place of birth", "Berlin"], ["Martin Wolff", "country of citizenship", "Germany"], ["Martin Wolff", "family name", "Wolff"], ["Martin Wolff", "child", "Konrad Wolff"], ["Martin Wolff", "work location", "Bonn"], ["Martin Wolff", "place of death", "London"], ["Martin Wolff", "employer", "University of Bonn"], ["Martin Wolff", "employer", "University of Marburg"], ["Martin Wolff", "employer", "Humboldt University of Berlin"], ["Martin Wolff", "work location", "Marburg"], ["Martin Wolff", "educated at", "Humboldt University of Berlin"]] |
### User:
Allentown State Hospital was a psychiatric hospital located at 1600 Hanover Ave. in Allentown, Pennsylvania. It served the counties of Lehigh, Northampton, Carbon, Monroe, Pike, and occasionally eastern Schuylkill. It was one of seven remaining psychiatric hospitals in Pennsylvania. History Allentown State Hospital was planned as early as 1901 but the opening was delayed until October 3, 1913. The hospital cost $1,931,270 to build. The population hit its peak in 1950 with 2,012 patients. In November 1998, Allentown State Hospital was the first psychiatric hospital in the United States to be completely seclusion-free. Due to current community mental health efforts,the hospital's occupancy fell to as low as 175 patients. Status and future Due to the sharp decline in the need for psychiatric hospitals, the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare has closed the hospital. Some residents have been transferred to the Wernersville State Hospital in Berks County. Others have been placed in residential-care settings within the community. The hospital closed on December 17, 2010. The hospital was announced as the site of filming for the upcoming M. Night Shyamalan film Glass, a sequel to the films Unbreakable and Split. The Pennsylvania Department of General Services has placed bids to demolish
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Allentown State Hospital", {"description":'former hospital in Pennsylvania, United States'}], ["United States", {}], ["Pennsylvania", {}], ["Hospital", {}]]
Relations:[["Allentown State Hospital", "country", "United States"], ["Allentown State Hospital", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Pennsylvania"], ["Allentown State Hospital", "instance of", "Hospital"]] |
### User:
David Kenneth McNamee (born 10 October 1980) is a Scottish former footballer, who played as a right back. His clubs included St Mirren, Blackburn Rovers, Livingston, Coventry City, Plymouth Argyle, Aberdeen and Ross County. McNamee represented Scotland four times at international level. Club career McNamee, a versatile defender, started his career with Scottish club St Mirren. His impressive performances for St Mirren alerted Premier League club Blackburn Rovers, who signed him in 1999. His £300,000 transfer to England, was unsuccessful, however. Having failed to make a single first team appearance for the Ewood Park club, McNamee returned to Scotland in2002 to join Livingston for an undisclosed fee. McNamee was a member of the Livingston team which won the 2004 Scottish League Cup Final, against Hibernian at Hampden Park. In 2005–06, his season was blighted by injury and he only featured 15 times for Livingston, who were eventually relegated from the Scottish Premier League. With Livingston having been relegated from the SPL, and several clubs having confirmed their interest in him, it was unlikely that McNamee would remain at Livingston. On 2 June 2006, he signed for Coventry City of the English Championship, for a fee of £100,000. His timeat the Ricoh Arena was blighted by injuries, and although given a chance to prove his worth to the team, manager Chris Coleman decided against offering a new deal. McNamee was released by Coventry on 14 July 2008. The next day, McNamee signed a two-year contract with fellow Championship club Plymouth Argyle, becoming their third signing of the summer. In May 2010, after playing nearly 20 times for Plymouth, McNamee and teammates Yoann Folly and Lloyd Saxton were released. McNamee started training with Motherwell in November 2010, with a view of signing a permanent deal with the Steelmen. However, followingmanager Craig Brown's departure to Aberdeen, McNamee looked set to follow him to Pittodrie. McNamee was on his way to Aberdeen to undergo a medical when his plane from Birmingham had to turn back due to heavy snow closing Dyce Airport. McNamee eventually signed for Aberdeen on 24 December, again teaming up with Folly. On 27 April, it was announced that McNamee would not be offered a new contract at Pittodrie and would be released at the end of the season. McNamee spent six months without a club before joining Ross County in January 2012, signing a contract until theend of the 2011–12 season. Conference National club Nuneaton Town signed McNamee in October 2012. International career After an impressive season with Livingston, McNamee was handed a Scotland call-up by manager, Berti Vogts for two end-of season friendlies. He won his first cap playing 90 minutes in an exhibition match against Estonia national football team on 27 May 2004. Just three days later, McNamee won his second cap against Trinidad and Tobago national football team. He went two years without a call-up before he was selected by Walter Smith for his Scotland squads in 2005. After a period of beingan unused substitute in matches, he finally won his third cap against Bulgaria in the Kirin Cup where he came on as an 82nd-minute substitute. He won his fourth and so far final cap in the Kirin Cup against the hosts, Japan on 13 May 2006 as an 80th-minute substitute helping Scotland to winning the competition. After playing football After retiring from playing football in 2014, McNamee studied for coaching qualifications. He worked for the youth academy of Coventry City, but found that he did not have sufficient enthusiasm for coaching. McNamee then joined the Royal Navy. As of November2015, he was attending HMS Raleigh to train as a mine warfare specialist. Career statistics A. The "Other" column constitutes appearances (including substitutes) and goals in the 2002–03 UEFA Cup. Honours Livingston Scottish League Cup (1): 2003-04 Scotland Kirin Cup (1): 2006 References External links Category:1980 births Category:Living people Category:Footballers from Glasgow Category:Scottish footballers Category:Scotland B international footballers Category:Scotland international footballers Category:Association football fullbacks Category:St Mirren F.C. players Category:Blackburn Rovers F.C. players Category:Livingston F.C. players Category:Coventry City F.C. players Category:Plymouth Argyle F.C. players Category:Aberdeen F.C. players Category:Ross County F.C. players Category:Scottish Football League players Category:Scottish Premier League players Category:English Football
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["David McNamee", {"description":'Scottish footballer (born 1980)'}], ["Scotland", {}], ["McNamee", {}], ["Association football", {}], ["Glasgow", {}]]
Relations:[["David McNamee", "country for sport", "Scotland"], ["David McNamee", "family name", "McNamee"], ["David McNamee", "sport", "Association football"], ["David McNamee", "place of birth", "Glasgow"]] |
### User:
Johnny O Driscoll is a footballer from Camp, County Kerry. He played with the Kerry intercounty team during the 1990s winning Munster Championships at all levels Minor (1990), Under 21 (1992), Senior (1996). He also played with the New York team in the 2000s. He played his club football with Annascaul, helping them to the 1993 County Final where they lost out to Laune Rangers. He played with both the Kerry and New York teams with his brother Gene. References https://web.archive.org/web/20090619122113/http://munster.gaa.ie/winning-teams/u21f_teams/ http://munster.gaa.ie/winning-teams/sf_teams/ https://web.archive.org/web/20091219221445/http://munster.gaa.ie/winning-teams/ifclub_teams/ Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Annascaul Gaelic footballers Category:Kerry inter-county Gaelic footballers Category:New York
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Johnny O Driscoll", {"description":'Gaelic football player'}], ["Johnny", {}], ["Camp, County Kerry", {}]]
Relations:[["Johnny O Driscoll", "given name", "Johnny"], ["Johnny O Driscoll", "place of birth", "Camp, County Kerry"]] |
### User:
John Joseph Nilan (August 1, 1855 – April 13, 1934) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Hartford from 1910 until his death in 1934. Biography John Nilan was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, and received his early education at the elementary and high schools in Newburyport. After graduating from the college of Nicolet at Quebec, Canada, in 1875, he returned to the United States and then studied at St. Joseph Seminary in Troy, New York. He was ordained to the priesthood on December 21, 1878. He engaged in pastoral work in the Archdioceseof Boston, first serving at Framingham and afterwards at St. James Church in Boston. He was pastor of St. Joseph Church in Amesbury from 1892 to 1910. On February 14, 1910, Nilan was appointed the seventh Bishop of Hartford, Connecticut, by Pope Pius X. He received his episcopal consecration on the following April 28 from Cardinal William Henry O'Connell, with Bishops Louis Sebastian Walsh and Daniel Francis Feehan serving as co-consecrators. He selected as his episcopal motto: "Dominus Firmamentum Meum" (Latin: "The Lord is My Foundation"). During his tenure, he concerned himself with fostering many ethnic parishes to serve Connecticut's
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["John Joseph Nilan", {"description":'Catholic bishop'}], ["Joseph", {}], ["Catholic Church", {}], ["William Henry O'Connell", {}], ["Louis Sebastian Walsh", {}], ["Daniel Francis Feehan", {}]]
Relations:[["John Joseph Nilan", "given name", "Joseph"], ["John Joseph Nilan", "religion", "Catholic Church"], ["John Joseph Nilan", "consecrator", "William Henry O'Connell"], ["John Joseph Nilan", "consecrator", "Louis Sebastian Walsh"], ["John Joseph Nilan", "consecrator", "Daniel Francis Feehan"]] |
### User:
Eryximachus, son of Acumenus (; Greek: Ἐρυξίμαχος Ἀκουμένου Eruxímachos Akouménou; c. 448 – late 5th century or early 4th century BCE) was an ancient Athenian physician who is best remembered for his prominent role in Plato's Symposium. It is likely that he was indicted in the mutilation of the Herms, a domestic Athenian conflict during the Peloponnesian War. Life The son of the physician Acumenus, Eryximachus was born in the mid-5th century BCE. Set approximately in 433/2, Plato's Protagoras dialogue includes a depiction of his close friendship with Socrates' student Phaedrus, a friendship that continued into the dramatic time ofthe Phaedrus dialogue some 15 years later. His wealth and social status are unclear from the extant sources. An Eryximachus is mentioned in Andocides' On the Mysteries speech as among those indicted in the mutilation of the Hermes and profanation of the Eleusinian mysteries, two tumultuous events on the eve of the ill-fated Sicilian Expedition in 415. While there is no clear confirmation that this Eryximachus is the physician, there are numerous pieces of circumstantial evidence, including Phaedrus' role and Eryximachus' appearance in Plato's Symposium alongside others involved in these incidents. It is unclear whether he was among those executed
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Eryximachus", {"description":'Athenian physician'}], ["Acumenus", {}], ["Physician", {}]]
Relations:[["Eryximachus", "father", "Acumenus"], ["Eryximachus", "occupation", "Physician"]] |
### User:
All About My Mom () is a 2015 South Korean television series starring Eugene and Lee Sang-woo. It airs on KBS2 every Saturday and Sunday. Synopsis Jin-ae (Eugene) works hard to make money only to end up spending it on her family, and her mother San-ok shows so much affection towards her first son only. Jin-ae then meets Kang Hoon-jae (Lee Sang-Woo), who coincidentally is the son of her boss who she admires, and marries him. While experiencing difficult times with her mother-in-law, Jin-ae begins to understand her own mother for the first time. Cast Main characters Eugene as Lee
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["All About My Mom", {"description":'2015 South Korean television series'}], ["Television series", {}]]
Relations:[["All About My Mom", "instance of", "Television series"]] |
### User:
Governor Nelson State Park is a Wisconsin state park located outside of Waunakee, Wisconsin in the town of Westport on the north shore of Lake Mendota. It is named for former Wisconsin Governor Gaylord Nelson. On most days the Wisconsin State Capitol building can be seen in nearby Madison. Common activities include boating, fishing, picnicking and swimming. There is also a boat launch and a swimming area for pets. Away from the lake one can find restored prairie and savanna, effigy mounds, hiking trails and ski trails. Governor Nelson State Park is one of the few Wisconsin state parks that
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Governor Nelson State Park", {"description":'Wisconsin state park'}], ["Wisconsin", {}]]
Relations:[["Governor Nelson State Park", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Wisconsin"]] |
### User:
Xylocopa violacea, the violet carpenter bee, is the common European species of carpenter bee, and one of the largest bees in Europe. It is also native to Asia. Like most members of the genus Xylocopa, it makes its nests in dead wood. It is not particularly aggressive, and will attack only if forced to. Distribution The range of Xylocopa violacea extends from Europe eastward across Asia as far as central China, restricted to latitudes above 30 degrees. In India, any all-black species of Xylocopa are referred to by the common name "bhanvra" (or "bhomora" - ভোমোৰা - in Assamese), andreports and sightings of bhanvra are commonly misattributed to this species; however, this species is found only in the northern regions of Jammu and Kashmir and Punjab. Most sightings refer to any of several other common black Xylocopa, such as X. nasalis, X. tenuiscapa, or X. tranquebarorum. In 2006, Xylocopa violacea was reported from Cardigan, Wales. In 2007, it was found breeding for the first time in England, in Leicestershire. This follows a northwards expansion of its range in France, Germany, and the Channel Islands. In 2010 it was recorded in Northamptonshire and Worcestershire. Description Violet carpenter bees hibernate overwinterand they emerge in the spring, usually around April or May. Hibernation is undertaken by the adults in wood where there are abandoned nest tunnels. In the late spring or early summer, they may be seen around searching for mates and suitable nesting sites. After mating, the gravid females bore tunnels in dead wood, which is where the name "carpenter bee" comes from, although old nest tunnels may be used. Like other solitary bees, the female creates the nest alone. The eggs are laid within a series of small cells, each of which is supplied with a pollen ball for
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Xylocopa violacea", {"description":'species of insect', "alias":['violet carpenter bee', 'Carpenter bee', 'giant black bee']}], ["Species", {}], ["Carpenter bee", {}]]
Relations:[["Xylocopa violacea", "taxon rank", "Species"], ["Xylocopa violacea", "parent taxon", "Carpenter bee"]] |
### User:
Carolina Papaleo (b. Buenos Aires, 19 January 1969) is an Argentine actress of theater, film and television. She is the daughter of the actress Irma Roy and the journalist Osvaldo Papaleo. From a very young age she wanted to be an actress like her mother. In 2013 she debuted as a television presenter on a Channel 9 program Secretos de novelas which reviews telenovelas. She is a fan of the genre and watches four episodes a week to be able to review them. Papaleo is recognized and remembered for her role as Ana Oromi in the hit telenovela Una voz
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Carolina Papaleo", {"description":'Argentine actress'}], ["Irma Roy", {}], ["Papaleo", {}]]
Relations:[["Carolina Papaleo", "mother", "Irma Roy"], ["Carolina Papaleo", "family name", "Papaleo"]] |
### User:
Roman Serhiyovych Talan (; born 4 February 1988) is a Ukrainian pair skater. With Kateryna Kostenko, he is the 2009 Ukrainian national champion and represented Ukraine at the 2010 Winter Olympics. He competed with Elizaveta Usmantseva from 2013 to 2014. Personal life Roman Talan was born in Kursk Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. He married Kateryna Kostenko in 2011 and their daughter, also named Kateryna, was born on 25 February 2012. Career Early in his career, Talan competed with Julia Goreeva. They were the 2005 Ukrainian junior silver medalists and competed twice at the World Junior Championships, finishing 11th in2006. Talan teamed up with Kateryna Kostenko when she was 21 years old and he 17. Gold medalists at the 2009 Ukrainian Championships, they represented their country at the 2008 and 2009 European Championships, 2010 World Championships, and 2010 Winter Olympics. They ended their competitive career in 2010 and began coaching in Dnipropetrovsk. In February 2013, Talan teamed up with Elizaveta Usmantseva, whom he had coached earlier. Usmantseva/Talan made their debut late in the 2012–13 season, at the 2013 Coupe du Printemps. In September 2013, they finished eighth at the 2013 Nebelhorn Trophy, the last qualifying event for the 2014Winter Olympics in Sochi. Their result gave Ukraine a spot in the Olympic pairs' event but it was assigned to Julia Lavrentieva / Yuri Rudyk. They turned down a test skate for the 2014 World Championships in order to treat Usmantseva's spinal disc herniation. Usmantseva/Talan were assigned to replace Berton/Hotarek at the 2014 Skate America but later withdrew as well. They ended their partnership in December 2014. Programs With Usmantseva With Kostenko With Goreeva Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series (began in the 2014–15 season); JGP: Junior Grand Prix With Usmantseva With Kostenko With Goreeva References External links
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Roman Talan", {"description":'Ukrainian figure skater'}], ["Ukraine", {}], ["Kateryna Kostenko", {}]]
Relations:[["Roman Talan", "country of citizenship", "Ukraine"], ["Roman Talan", "partner in business or sport", "Kateryna Kostenko"], ["Roman Talan", "country for sport", "Ukraine"]] |
### User:
the other fort managers along the route. This continued until 1846 when the Oregon Treaty was signed with the United States. Lands south of the 49th parallel north were in this partition of the Pacific Northwest awarded to the United States. This placed Fort Vancouver and several other important HBC stations within American territory. Columbia District headquarters was shifted to Fort Victoria on Vancouver Island. Transport An inland boat, the York boat, was used to carry furs, trade goods along inland waterways in Rupert's Land east of the Rocky Mountains. The express brigades also used these boats, although they did
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["York Factory Express", {"description":'19th-century fur trading convoy route'}], ["United States", {}]]
Relations:[["York Factory Express", "country", "United States"]] |
### User:
Refurbished Robots is compilation album released by KVRX Studios in 1999. The album was titled Local Live Volume 4 and is a mixture of tracks from artists featured on the station. Track listing Dooms U.K. - "Spelunker Cave" Macha - "Light The Chinese Flower" Sounds of Soviet Lightning - "Johnny Lion" Explosions in the Sky - "Remember Me as a Time of Day" The Futants - "Thinking Giants" Middle Finger - "Freudian Cock" Mariachi Estrella - "Chango Wongo" Woozy Helmet - "Whistle Happy" Mazarin - "Wheats" The Swells - "When the Light Goes Out" L'Uisine - "Glitch" Spaceheads - "Fall
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Refurbished Robots", {"description":'album by KVRX'}], ["Album", {}], ["KVRX", {}], ["1999", {}]]
Relations:[["Refurbished Robots", "instance of", "Album"], ["Refurbished Robots", "performer", "KVRX"], ["Refurbished Robots", "publication date", "1999"]] |
### User:
Al Shaqab () is Qatar Foundation’s (QF) equestrian centre in the State of Qatar, where Arabian horses are trained. Founded in 1992 by Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani, Emir of Qatar, Al Shaqab joined QF in 2004. Al Shaqab is now the region's leading equine education resource centre and features the breeding of Arabian horses. History Centuries before natural gas and petroleum gave prominence to Qatar as one of the world's fastest growing economies, the country was known for its prized Arabian horses. When the Al Thani ancestors, the ruling family of the State of Qatar, migrated out of theArabian Desert three centuries ago to settle in Qatar, the Arabian horse was a vital part of daily life. The Arabian horse played an important role in the founding of Qatar. Al Shaqab takes its name from a historic battle against the Ottomans. Taking place in the town of Al Rayyan in 1893, the Battle of Al Wajbah, or Al Shaqab as it is also known, saw the Qataris, led by Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, defeat the Ottomans. This historic battle eventually led to Qatar's independence. The emir Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Thani established Al Shaqab in1992. In honour of his ancestor, Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, he chose to establish the breeding farm at the site of the Al Shaqab battle. In 2004, Al Shaqab became a member of Qatar Foundation. Facility Spread out over 980,000 square metres and with a stable capacity for more than 400 horses, Al Shaqab also stands out for its dynamic architectural design, with a central horseshoe shape. The equestrian center features facilities such as: Administration & maintenance compound – an area for finance & administration, human resources, communications & marketing, facilities & maintenance, transportation management. It also servesby Al Shaqab include: Al Adeed Al Shaqab Amir Al Shaqab Fadi Al Shaqab Faraa Al Shaqab Farhoud Al Shaqab Gazal Al Shaqab Hadban Al Shaqab Jadaan Al Shaqab Kahil Al Shaqab Marwan al Shaqab Nader Al Shaqab WN Star of Antigua Endurance Al Shaqab's Endurance Department was developed to promote and further build interest in Qatar's equestrian heritage. Since its development in 1997, Al Shaqab has risen as one of the world's top Endurance competitors. In 2008, the Al Shaqab team achieved its greatest international success. Representing the State of Qatar at the World Endurance Championship in Terengganu, Malaysia,the team finished second out of the 24 competing countries to earn the silver medal in the competition. Al Shaqab's Team competes annually throughout the Middle East and Europe, having its largest campaigns in Qatar and France. In recent years, the team has also travelled to competitions in South America, United States and East Asia. Home of the Qatari National Team, the Endurance Center at Al Shaqab prepares Qatari competitors for national, regional and international endurance events, including the European Championships, the Asian Games, and the FEI World Equestrian Games. The current team, headed by HE Sheikh Mohammed Bin Hamad
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Al Shaqab", {"description":'organization'}], ["1992", {}], ["Qatar", {}]]
Relations:[["Al Shaqab", "inception", "1992"], ["Al Shaqab", "country", "Qatar"]] |
### User:
Lanny Lawrence Frattare (born March 23, 1948) is an American former sportscaster. For 33 years he was a play-by-play announcer for Major League Baseball's Pittsburgh Pirates, the longest such tenure in the team's history. In 2008, he was nominated for the Ford Frick Award, which is given by the Baseball Hall of Fame for broadcasting excellence. Frattare attended Ithaca College, graduating in 1970. He started his career in his home town as a radio disk jockey at the city's top rated station, WBBF (AM). During his time in Rochester radio he expanded his on-air role to include work as aUniversity and Purdue University during which Indiana coach Bob Knight threw a chair across the court, a moment which is frequently replayed on television to this day. Frattare has two children and two grandchildren from his first marriage. He remarried a few years ago to the former choir director of Upper St. Clair High School, but the couple separated in late 2007. Over the past twenty years, he has hosted the Family Links Golf Classic which has raised over $1.6 million in support of mentally challenged individuals and their families. As of March 18, 2009, Frattare joined Waynesburg University asan assistant professor in Communications in the Department of Communication and the faculty adviser of University radio station WCYJ-FM, while also doing some work with University Relations. In 2010, he hosted the inaugural Sports Announcing Camp at Waynesburg University, featuring a week of programs and instruction for high school students interested in broadcasting. Frattare is also a broadcaster with the TribLive High School Sports Network, providing play-by-play coverage and color commentary for WPIAL high school sporting events. See also Pittsburgh Pirates broadcasters and media References External links MLB Profile Interview Part 1 Interview Part 2 Pittsburgh Broadcasting icon joins Waynesburg
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Lanny Frattare", {"description":'American sportscaster'}], ["Lanny", {}], ["Ithaca College", {}], ["Waynesburg University", {}]]
Relations:[["Lanny Frattare", "given name", "Lanny"], ["Lanny Frattare", "educated at", "Ithaca College"], ["Lanny Frattare", "employer", "Waynesburg University"]] |
### User:
Pseudowintera traversii, sometimes called Travers horopito, is a species of woody shrub in the family Winteraceae. The specific epithet traversii is in honor of naturalist Henry H. Travers (1844-1928), son of William Thomas Locke Travers. Description Pseudowintera traversii is a densely branched shrub growing up to high. It has coriaceous leaves that are long and ovate or obovate. The leaves are green-blue underneath and matte green on top, close-set and on stout petioles. The leaves may have reddish margins, but lack the picturesque blotches of P. colorata. However they are described as tasting peppery and pungent. The bark is reddish-brownand rough. The green or yellow flowers appear in January, growing singly or as doubles, or rarely triples, with 5-7 petals and 4-9 stamens. The fruit appears in February as a fleshy berry, that is purplish-black and in diameter, containing 3-6 seeds. Like all Winteraceae species, P. traversii lacks vessels in its xylem Habitat Like the other species of horopito in Pseudowintera, it is endemic to New Zealand. It is the rarest of the species, and the national government there lists it as "At Risk - Naturally Uncommon." Naturally, it only is found growing in montane shrubland and woodland edges
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Pseudowintera traversii", {"description":'species of plant', "alias":['Wintera monogyna', 'Drimys traversii', 'Hymenanthera traversii', 'Travers horopito']}], ["Species", {}], ["Pseudowintera", {}]]
Relations:[["Pseudowintera traversii", "taxon rank", "Species"], ["Pseudowintera traversii", "parent taxon", "Pseudowintera"]] |
### User:
Mtaileb or Mtayleb () is a suburb north of Beirut in the Matn District of Mount Lebanon Governorate in Lebanon. Mtaileb I Mtaileb I or Rabiya is an archaeological site located east northeast of Antelias in a wooded ravine next to a road that zig-zags upwards to the Rabiya Club. The site was discovered by Auguste Bergy in 1941 and a Heavy Neolithic assemblage of the Qaraoun culture consisting of enormous flint tools was collected and now held in the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory marked "1,500 m - 1,800m E.N.E. Antelias". The tools were studied by Jacques Cauvin and said
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Mtaileb", {"description":'human settlement in Lebanon'}], ["Lebanon", {}], ["Antelias", {}], ["Archaeological site", {}], ["Mount Lebanon Governorate", {}]]
Relations:[["Mtaileb", "country", "Lebanon"], ["Mtaileb", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Antelias"], ["Mtaileb", "instance of", "Archaeological site"], ["Mtaileb", "location", "Mount Lebanon Governorate"]] |
### User:
Gonza (; ) (1718?–1739), sometimes also Gonzo, was a Japanese castaway who drifted ashore together with Sōza (; ), sometimes also Sozo, in the environs of Kamchatka in 1729, after the wreck of their ship, the from Satsuma. The fifteen survivors from the two ships that went down were set upon by a contingent of Cossacks under Andrei Shtinnikov: thirteen were killed, Gonza and Sōza enslaved. Shtinnikov was later jailed and then executed for his pains. In 1733 or 1734 the pair were taken to Saint Petersburg, where they were presented to Empress Anna and baptised into the Orthodox Church,
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Gonza", {"description":'Japanese castaway'}], ["1739", {}]]
Relations:[["Gonza", "date of death", "1739"]] |
### User:
Andrew Herman Apter (born December 7, 1956) is an American historian, professor at University of California, Los Angeles, and Director of the African Studies Center. He was field director of Black Atlantic Studies, for the Social Science Research Council. Awards 2010 Guggenheim Fellow Works Beyond Words: Discourse and Critical Agency in Africa, University of Chicago Press, 2007, Black Critics and Kings: The Hermeneutics of Power in Yoruba Society, University of Chicago Press, 1992, The Pan-African Nation: Oil and the Spectacle of Culture in Nigeria, University of Chicago Press, 2005, "Atinga Revisited", Modernity and its malcontents: ritual and power in postcolonial
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Andrew Apter", {"description":'American historian/professor at University of California/Los Angeles/Director: African Studies Center'}], ["University of California, Los Angeles", {}], ["Historian", {}], ["Andrew", {}]]
Relations:[["Andrew Apter", "employer", "University of California, Los Angeles"], ["Andrew Apter", "occupation", "Historian"], ["Andrew Apter", "given name", "Andrew"]] |
### User:
The Chemins de Fer de Provence is a small rail company providing a daily train service between Nice and Digne-les-Bains in Provence. Their one route, which dates from the 1890s, is known locally as the Train des Pignes. History Construction of the meter gauge line began in 1890 followed by a partial opening in 1892. Construction ended on 3 July 1911 and conceded to Sud-France. Lines from Nice stretched to Grasse, Puget-Théniers (opened in 1892), Digne (opened in 1911) and Annot. After World War II, the line to Meyrargues closed and almost took the entire network with it. The Cheminsand nine injured. Current operations The railway line is not part of the Réseau Ferré de France. It is the Syndicat Mixte Méditerranée Alpes, SYMA, who received its concession for ninety-nine years in 1972 who owns it. The SYMA is a grouping of several authorities (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Alpes-Maritimes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Nice and Digne-les-Bains). It is presided by Gérard Piel, vice-président of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur région and delegate of transport of Antibes. Service of the railway is assured by the CFTA a subsidiary of Veolia Transport. The workforce numbers 135. Services Passenger service is provided between Nice and Digne-les-Bains as well asa more frequent urban service between Nice and Plan-du-Var. Steam trains are operated during the summer season between Puget-Théniers and Annot. A postal service is also operated. Maintenance The main workshop for maintenance and repairs is in Nice-Lingostière. Rolling stock Currently the CP has the following rolling stock: Steam Locomotives Diesel Locomotives Diesel Railcars Passenger cars Freight cars Notes and references Abbreviations: Sources: External links Official Chemins de Fer de Provence site Official site Le Groupe d'Etude pour les Chemin de fer de Provence (GECP) Category:Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Category:Alpes-Maritimes Category:Heritage railways in France Provence, Chemin de Fer de Category:Transport in Nice Category:Railway
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Chemins de Fer de Provence", {"description":'transport company'}], ["France", {}]]
Relations:[["Chemins de Fer de Provence", "country", "France"]] |
### User:
Handen is a part of Metropolitan Stockholm and the seat of Haninge Municipality (Haninge Kommun) in Stockholm County in eastern Sweden. Handen had around 15 092 inhabitants in 2018. Geographically and statistically Handen is a part of the Stockholm urban area. Handen has a station on the Stockholm commuter rail system and a large bus station serving great areas of Södertörn. Handen is where the municipality seat of Haninge is located. Haninge's major shopping center, Haninge Centrum, and the joint campus of KTH and Södertörns Högskola are also located here. The Övre Rudasjön lake is located just west of the
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Handen", {"description":'former urban area in Haninge Municipality, Sweden'}], ["Sweden", {}], ["Haninge Municipality", {}]]
Relations:[["Handen", "country", "Sweden"], ["Handen", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Haninge Municipality"], ["Handen", "capital of", "Haninge Municipality"]] |
### User:
Raspberry Cough is the debut studio album by Long Island Shoegaze band Petal Head. The album was recorded and produced by Latterman and Iron Chic guitarist Phil Douglas at his studio in Long Island called The Hobo House. The album was released on Dead Broke Rekerds on September 1st, 2015. Reception The album received generally favorable reviews upon release. New Noise Magazine wrote “The band strips every dynamic and traditional sense out of conventional Alt Rock and build it up in their own loud and abrasive yet both parts dreamy and droning. Petal Head’s debut album Raspberry Cough takes you
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Raspberry Cough", {"description":'album by Petal Head'}], ["Album", {}]]
Relations:[["Raspberry Cough", "instance of", "Album"]] |
### User:
Lindsay Michelle Burdge (born July 27, 1984) is an American actress and producer known for her roles in independent films such as A Teacher (2013), Wild Canaries (2014), The Midnight Swim (2014), The Invitation (2015), and 6 Years (2015). Life and career Burdge was born in Pasadena, California. She attended New York University. In 2013, she had her breakthrough role as Diana Watts in Hannah Fidell's drama film A Teacher, which follows an affair had between a teacher (Burdge) and her student. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 20, 2013, and was given a limited release
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Lindsay Burdge", {"description":'American actress'}], ["Pasadena, California", {}]]
Relations:[["Lindsay Burdge", "place of birth", "Pasadena, California"]] |
### User:
Charles Wayne Speyrer (born April 29, 1949) is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League for the Baltimore Colts and the Miami Dolphins. He played college football at the University of Texas. Speyrer was a first team all state running back at Port Arthur Jefferson High school and a two-time all american receiver at the University of Texas. He is a member of the University of Texas Hall of Honor and the Cotton Bowl Hall of Fame and the only player ever named to the Cotton Bowl All-Decade team in two different decades. Speyrer was a
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Cotton Speyrer", {"description":'American football player'}], ["Miami Dolphins", {}], ["Wide receiver", {}], ["American football", {}]]
Relations:[["Cotton Speyrer", "member of sports team", "Miami Dolphins"], ["Cotton Speyrer", "position played on team / speciality", "Wide receiver"], ["Cotton Speyrer", "sport", "American football"]] |
### User:
Mammillaria is one of the largest genera in the cactus family (Cactaceae), with currently 200 known species and varieties recognized. Most of the mammillarias are native to Mexico, but some come from the southwest United States, the Caribbean, Colombia, Venezuela, Guatemala and Honduras. The common name "pincushion cactus" refers to this and the closely related genus Escobaria. The first species was described by Carl Linnaeus as Cactus mammillaris in 1753, deriving its name from Latin mammilla, "nipple", referring to the tubercles that are among the distinctive features of the genus. Numerous species are commonly known as globe cactus, nipple cactus,fishhook cactus or pincushion cactus though such terms may also be used for related taxa, particularly Escobaria. Description The distinctive feature of the genus is the possession of an areole split into two clearly separated parts, one occurring at the apex of the tubercle, the other at its base. The apex part is spine bearing, and the base part is always spineless, but usually bears some bristles or wool. The base part of the areole bears the flowers and fruits, and is a branching point. The apex part of the areole does not carry flowers, but in certain conditions canreddish hues are due to betalain pigments as usual for Caryophyllales. The fruit is berry-like, club-shaped or elongated, usually red but sometimes white, magenta, yellow or green. Some species have the fruit embedded into the plant body. The seeds are black or brown, from 1 to 3 mm in size. Systematics The genus Mammillaria in the family Cactaceae was proposed by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1812 and officially recognized by the International Botanical Congress of 1930. Initial spellings varied by authors but Mammillaria is now recognized as the accepted spelling. Mammillaria is a large and diverse genus with many speciesaspects of the genus. These works helped to expand the understanding of Mammillaria taxa. Currently the classification of Mammillaria is in a state where few newly discovered species are likely, though some new species may yet be found when the chaos of names created earlier by commercial plant collectors is sorted out. Many names that were introduced for plants barely differentiated by a shade of flower colour or variation in spination were eliminated in attempt to make the use of names consistent with the rest of the botanical world. The number of taxa, which at one time numbered above 500,is now below 200. Some genera (Dolichothele, Mammillopsis, Krainzia and others) have been merged back into Mammillaria, and others like Coryphantha, Escobaria and Mammilloydia were confirmed as separate. Intense studies of DNA of the genus are being conducted, with preliminary results published for over a hundred taxa, and this promising approach might soon end the arguments. Based on DNA research results, the genus does not seem to be monophyletic and is likely to be split into two large genera, one of them possibly including certain species of other closely related genera like Coryphantha, Ortegocactus and Neolloydia. Selected species As notedabove, some might not belong in this genus. Mammillaria albicoma Mammillaria albiflora Mammillaria albilanata Mammillaria angelensis Mammillaria anniana Mammillaria aureilanata Mammillaria aurihamata Mammillaria backebergiana Mammillaria barbata – green fishhook cactus Mammillaria baumii Mammillaria beneckei Mammillaria berkiana Mammillaria blossfeldiana Mammillaria bocasana Mammillaria bocasana f. multilanata – powder-puff pincushion Mammillaria bocasana ssp. eschauzieri – Eschauzier's pincushion Mammillaria bombycina – silken pincushion Mammillaria boolii Mammillaria brachytrichion Mammillaria brandegeei Mammillaria candida Mammillaria carmenae Mammillaria carnea Mammillaria celsiana Mammillaria centricirrha Mammillaria columbiana Mammillaria compressa – mother of hundreds Mammillaria crinita – rose pincushion cactus Mammillaria crocidata Mammillaria crucigera Mammillaria decipiens Mammillaria deherdtiana Mammillaria dioica –
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Mammillaria", {"description":'genus of plants'}], ["Genus", {}]]
Relations:[["Mammillaria", "taxon rank", "Genus"]] |
### User:
Nobilissimus (Latin for "most noble"), in Byzantine Greek nōbelissimos (Greek: νωβελίσσιμος), was one of the highest imperial titles in the late Roman and Byzantine empires. The feminine form of the title was nobilissima. History and functions The term nobilissimus originated as an epithet to the title of Caesar, whose holder was the Roman and Byzantine emperor's heir-apparent and who would, after Geta in 198, be addressed nobilissimus Caesar. According to the historian Zosimus, Emperor Constantine the Great (r. 306–337) first created the nobilissimus into a separate dignity, so as to honour some of his relatives without implying a claim tothe imperial throne. The title thus came to be awarded to members of the imperial family, coming in rank immediately after that of Caesar, and remained so throughout the early and middle Byzantine period, until the mid-11th century. In the Klētorologion of Philotheos, written in 899, the rank's insignia are described as a purple tunic, mantle and belt, indicating the exalted position of its holder. Their award by the emperor in a special ceremony signified the elevation of the recipient to the office. From the late 11th century, the title was given to senior army commanders, the future Byzantine emperor
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Nobilissimus", {"description":'title in the Roman and Byzantine empires'}], ["Title", {}]]
Relations:[["Nobilissimus", "instance of", "Title"]] |
### User:
Lodovico Migliore, nicknamed Ico (born 1956), is an Italian architect, designer, professor and former professional ice hockey player. He is Professor at the School of Design of the Polytechnic University of Milan and he is Chair Professor of the College of Design at Busan Dongseo University in South Korea. He served as chairman of Hockey Milano Rossoblu, an ice hockey team in Elite.A based out of Milan, Italy from 2010 to 2016. He also competed in the men's tournament at the 1984 Winter Olympics. Biography Ico Migliore started playing ice hockey in Turin, He first joined the Valpellice team, andthen he played three seasons for those of Bolzano and Varese. In the meantime, he received his degree in Architecture from Polytechnic University of Turin under the supervision of Professor Achille Castiglioni. He started working with Castiglioni at Polytechnic University of Milan where he moved in 1986, and played for Milan Saiman as the captain of the team until 1990. In 1997 he co-founded, with Mara Servetto, Migliore + Servetto Architects, an architecture firm which creates, together with an international team of architects and designers, projects on various scales: from architecture to interior design; from urban design to temporary exhibitions;Pisa (Biennale) “The Time of Water” (2019). In 2010, his works were mentioned in the encyclopedia entry “Allestire oggi – Progetti paradigmatici” (Exhibiting Today – Paradigmatic Projects) written by Italo Lupi and Beppe Finessi for the Treccani Italian Encyclopaedia of the 21th Century in the section dedicated to spaces and arts. His son Tommaso is an ice hockey player; his daughter Carola is a fencing player. Publication Activity On the basis of his original research and professional activities, Ico Migliore has written articles and essays for many design and architecture journals, both in Italy and overseas, such as: Abitare, Domus,Museum, Milan (2019) Logo and Corporate Identity, Miramare Historical Museum and Castle Park, Trieste (2019) MIC-International Museum of the Shoe “Pietro Bertolini”, Vigevano, 2016 Leonardiana. A New Museum", Vigevano, 2016 Logo and Corporate Identity, Museo Egizio, Turin, 2014/2015 “A building site as an event”, Museo Egizio, Turin, 2012/2015 Pesaro City Art Museum, Palazzo Mosca, Pesaro, 2013 Intesa Sanpaolo Bank Savings Museum, Turin, 2012 Chopin Muzeum, Warsaw, 2010 Solo Exhibitions As a result of more than 20 years of research in interior and spatial design, he has held several solo exhibitions, mainly with Migliore + Servetto Architects, including: “Lightmorphing. From Signto Scenery” (2019) in South Korea at the Onground Gallery in Seoul and at the Art SoHyang Gallery in Busan; “Red Light Architecture - Sketches and Notes on Projects” (2018) at the Dongdaemun Design Plaza (DDP) in Seoul (South Korea); “Spacemorphing” in Tokyo, Japan (2007), in Turin, Italy (2008), in Seoul, South Korea (2010). Exhibitions Italian Pavilion “4 Elements / Taking Care”, Milan Triennial 2019 “Broken Nature: Design Takes on Human Survival”, Triennale di Milano, Milan (2019) Abitare il Paese / Open Nests for CNAPPC (National Italian Concil of Planners, Designers and Conservators), part of Interni "Human Spaces" exhibition atUniversity of Milan for Fuori Salone - (Milan Furniture Fair), 2019 The Perfect Time for Whirlpool, part of Interni "Human Spaces" exhibition at University of Milan for Fuori Salone - (Milan Furniture Fair), 2019 Iulm 50. Legacy and Future, for IULM, Milan, 2019 La Magnifica Fabbrica. 240 Years of Teatro alla Scala from Piermarini to Botta, Museo Teatrale alla Scala, Milan, 2019 (together with I. Lupi) Achille Castiglioni Visionary, Chiasso m.a.x museo, 2018 Michelangelo’s Medici Madonna, for the Bank of Korea, Busan, 2018 Coats! Max Mara Seoul 2017, for Max Mara, Dongdaemun Design Plaza (DDP), Seoul, 2017 Steve Jobs o(together with I. Lupi) RCS, The Art of Living, Triennale di Milano, Milan, 2015 Shooting Stars, LACMA, Los Angeles, 2015 Immortals – The Art and Knowledge of the Ancient Egyptians, Museo Egizio, Turin, 2013/2015 Trame – Copper Crossing in Contemporary Art, Design, Technology and Architecture, Triennale di Milano, Milan 2014 RCS, The Art of Living & Volvo Cloud Installation, Triennale di Milano, Milan, 2014 Meet Design: Around the World, Triennale di Milano, Milan, 2013 Pablo Picasso. Artworks from the Musee National Picasso in Paris at Palazzo Reale, Palazzo Reale, Milan, 2013 (together with I.Lupi) Constancy & Change in Korean TraditionalDaedalus - 6 Ideas Scattered in a Technological Garden, Seoul Living Design Fair, Seoul, 2009 Foscarini stand, for Foscarini, Milan Furniture Fair, Milan, 2009 Fiat stand, Auto Show of Paris, Bologna, Geneva, 2008 Thonet stand, Milan Furniture Fair, Milan, 2004/2006 Charme Group Presentation (Poltrona Frau, Cappellini, Thonet, Gufram), Fuori Salone-Milan Furniture Fair, Milan, 2005 Conai stand, for Conai, at Ecomondo (Rimini Fair), Ipack-Ima (Rho Fair Milan), Iswa (Rome Fair) and Terra Futura (Florence). From 2003 to 2019 Interiors dmail (Percassi Group) new Headquarters, Pontassieve (Florence), 2019 dmail (Percassi Group) new Format Store, throughout Italy, 2016/2019 B&B Italia Charles 20° Anniversary,Boulevard and Palo Milano, for Milan Expo 2015, Milan, 2011/2015 (together with I.Lupi) Torino + Light + Italian Colours, lighting Installation on the Mole Antonelliana, 2011/2012 (together with I.Lupi) City Dressing for the 150th Anniversary of Italian Unification, Turin, 2011 City Dressing, Milan, 2010 City Dressing, XXIII Winter Universiadi, Turin, 2007 Look of the City, XX Olympic Winter Game, Turin, 2006 (together with I.Lupi) Corporate image and urban installations, Festival Dei Saperi, Pavia 2006/2008 Major Awards XXV ADI Compasso d’Oro (Ita), 2018 - Permanent Exhibition, “Leonardiana. A New Museum”, Vigevano Honorable Mention ADI Compasso d’Oro (Ita), 2018 - Temporary Exhibition,and a silver medal (1986) for. In the World Cup at Canazei Migliore is the team's captain. He was awarded the bronze Medal of Sporting Honor by Italian National Olympic Committee. Management Since he stopped playing, Migliore became a manager. He first worked with HC Milan Saima, until the dissolution in 1998. He continued with the temporary partnership between Milan Vipers and Cortina called SG Cortina-Milan, and then with Milan Vipers, in the capacity of deputy manager, Managing Director and Technical Manager, ten years long. With Milan Vipers he won 5 championships in a row, 3 Italy Cup e 3
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Ico Migliore", {"description":'Ice Hockey executive and architect'}], ["Turin", {}], ["Italy", {}], ["Architect", {}], ["Ice hockey", {}], ["Human", {}]]
Relations:[["Ico Migliore", "place of birth", "Turin"], ["Ico Migliore", "country of citizenship", "Italy"], ["Ico Migliore", "occupation", "Architect"], ["Ico Migliore", "sport", "Ice hockey"], ["Ico Migliore", "instance of", "Human"]] |
### User:
Daniel 'Danny' C. Hamrick (born April 27, 1988 in Clarksburg, West Virginia) is an American politician and a Republican member of the West Virginia House of Delegates representing District 48 since January 12, 2013. Education Hamrick graduated from Liberty High School and attended Fairmont State University. Elections 2006 Initially in District 41, Hamrick ran in the four-way 2006 Republican Primary to challenge incumbent Democratic Representatives Cann, Fragale, Iaquinta, and Miley, but lost the eight-way four-position November 7, 2006 General election to the incumbents. 2008 To again challenge the incumbent Democratic Representatives, Hamrick was unopposed for the May 13, 2008 Republicanbehind incumbent Democratic Representatives Tim Miley, Richard Iaquinta, and Sam Cann, and ahead of non-selectees incumbent Democratic Representative Ron Fragale and fellow Republican nominees Diana Bartley (who had run in 2010), Terry Woodside, and Ed Randolph. 2014 Hamrick was elected to his second term in the WV House of Delegates. He came in third place behind incumbent Tim Miley and Clarksburg City Councilman Patsy Trecost. Newcomer and fellow Republican, Terry Waxman, joined Delegate Hamrick taking the fourth spot in the House for the 48th District. References External links Official page at the West Virginia Legislature Campaign site Danny Hamrick at
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Danny Hamrick", {"description":'American politician'}], ["Danny", {}], ["Politician", {}], ["Clarksburg, West Virginia", {}], ["Fairmont State University", {}]]
Relations:[["Danny Hamrick", "given name", "Danny"], ["Danny Hamrick", "occupation", "Politician"], ["Danny Hamrick", "place of birth", "Clarksburg, West Virginia"], ["Danny Hamrick", "educated at", "Fairmont State University"]] |
### User:
Fascism () is a form of far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and of the economy which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. The first fascist movements emerged in Italy during World War I, before spreading to other European countries. Opposed to liberalism, Marxism, and anarchism, fascism is placed on the far-right within the traditional left–right spectrum. Fascists saw World War I as a revolution that brought massive changes to the nature of war, society, the state, and technology. The advent of total war and the total mass mobilizationfor armed conflict and to respond effectively to economic difficulties. Such a state is led by a strong leader—such as a dictator and a martial government composed of the members of the governing fascist party—to forge national unity and maintain a stable and orderly society. Fascism rejects assertions that violence is automatically negative in nature and views political violence, war and imperialism as means that can achieve national rejuvenation. Fascists advocate a mixed economy, with the principal goal of achieving autarky (national economic self-sufficiency) through protectionist and interventionist economic policies. Since the end of World War II in 1945, fewwere developed by different fascist movements: for example, the Falange symbol is five arrows joined together by a yoke. Definitions Historians, political scientists, and other scholars have long debated the exact nature of fascism. Each group described as fascist has at least some unique elements, and many definitions of fascism have been criticized as either too wide or narrow. According to many scholars, fascism – especially once in power – has historically attacked communism, conservatism, and parliamentary liberalism, attracting support primarily from the far-right. One common definition of the term, frequently cited by reliable sources as a standard definition, isthat of historian Stanley G. Payne. He focuses on three concepts: the "fascist negations": anti-liberalism, anti-communism, and anti-conservatism; "fascist goals": the creation of a nationalist dictatorship to regulate economic structure and to transform social relations within a modern, self-determined culture, and the expansion of the nation into an empire; and "fascist style": a political aesthetic of romantic symbolism, mass mobilization, a positive view of violence, and promotion of masculinity, youth, and charismatic authoritarian leadership. Historian John Lukacs argues that there is no such thing as generic fascism. He claims that National Socialism and communism are essentially manifestations of populism andthat states such as National Socialist Germany and Fascist Italy are more different than similar. Roger Griffin describes fascism as "a genus of political ideology whose mythic core in its various permutations is a palingenetic form of populist ultranationalism". Griffin describes the ideology as having three core components: "(i) the rebirth myth, (ii) populist ultra-nationalism, and (iii) the myth of decadence". In Griffin's view, Fascism is "a genuinely revolutionary, trans-class form of anti-liberal, and in the last analysis, anti-conservative nationalism" built on a complex range of theoretical and cultural influences. He distinguishes an inter-war period in which it manifested itselfin elite-led but populist "armed party" politics opposing socialism and liberalism and promising radical politics to rescue the nation from decadence. In Against the Fascist Creep Alexander Reid Ross writes regarding Griffin's view:Following the Cold War and shifts in fascist organizing techniques, a number of scholars have moved toward the minimalist "new consensus" refined by Roger Griffin: "the mythic core" of fascism is "a populist form of palingenetic ultranationalism." That means that fascism is an ideology that draws on old, ancient, and even arcane myths of racial, cultural, ethnic, and national origins to develop a plan for the "new man."Indeed,Griffin himself explored this 'mythic' or 'eliminable' core of fascism with his concept of post-fascism to explore the continuation of Nazism in the modern era. Additionally, other historians have applied this minimalist core to explore proto-fascist movements. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser argue that although Fascism "flirted with populism ... in an attempt to generate mass support", it is better seen as an elitist ideology. They cite in particular its exaltation of the Leader, the race, and the state, rather than the people. They see populism as a "thin-centered ideology" with a "restricted morphology" which necessarily becomes attached to"thick-centered" ideologies such as fascism, liberalism, or socialism. Thus populism can be found as an aspect of many specific ideologies, without necessarily being a defining characteristic of those ideologies. They refer to the combination of populism, authoritarianism and ultranationalism as "a marriage of convenience." Robert Paxton says that fascism is "a form of political behavior marked by obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation, or victimhood and by compensatory cults of unity, energy, and purity, in which a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants, working in uneasy but effective collaboration with traditional elites, abandons democratic liberties and pursues with redemptive violenceand without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion". Roger Eatwell defines fascism as "an ideology that strives to forge social rebirth based on a holistic-national radical Third Way", while Walter Laqueur sees the core tenets of fascism as "self-evident: nationalism; social Darwinism; racialism, the need for leadership, a new aristocracy, and obedience; and the negation of the ideals of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution." Racism was a key feature of German fascism, for which the Holocaust was a high priority. According to the historiography of genocide, "In dealing with the Holocaust, it is theconsensus of historians that Nazi Germany targeted Jews as a race, not as a religious group." Umberto Eco, Kevin Passmore, John Weiss, Ian Adams, and Moyra Grant stress racism as a characteristic component of German fascism. Historian Robert Soucy stated that "Hitler envisioned the ideal German society as a Volksgemeinschaft, a racially unified and hierarchically organized body in which the interests of individuals would be strictly subordinate to those of the nation, or Volk." Fascist philosophies vary by application, but remain distinct by one theoretic commonality. All traditionally fall into the far-right sector of any political spectrum, catalyzed by afflictedclass identities over conventional social inequities. Position in the political spectrum Most scholars place fascism on the far right of the political spectrum. Such scholarship focuses on its social conservatism and its authoritarian means of opposing egalitarianism. Roderick Stackelberg places fascism—including Nazism, which he says is "a radical variant of fascism"—on the political right by explaining: "The more a person deems absolute equality among all people to be a desirable condition, the further left he or she will be on the ideological spectrum. The more a person considers inequality to be unavoidable or even desirable, the further to the righthe or she will be". Fascism's origins, however, are complex and include many seemingly contradictory viewpoints, ultimately centered around a myth of national rebirth from decadence. Fascism was founded during World War I by Italian national syndicalists who drew upon both left-wing organizational tactics and right-wing political views. Italian Fascism gravitated to the right in the early 1920s. A major element of fascist ideology that has been deemed to be far-right is its stated goal to promote the right of a supposedly superior people to dominate, while purging society of supposedly inferior elements. In the 1920s, the Italian Fascists describedtheir ideology as right-wing in the political program The Doctrine of Fascism, stating: "We are free to believe that this is the century of authority, a century tending to the 'right,' a fascist century". Mussolini stated that fascism's position on the political spectrum was not a serious issue for fascists: "Fascism, sitting on the right, could also have sat on the mountain of the center ... These words in any case do not have a fixed and unchanged meaning: they do have a variable subject to location, time and spirit. We don't give a damn about these empty terminologies andwe despise those who are terrorized by these words". Major Italian groups politically on the right, especially rich landowners and big business, feared an uprising by groups on the left such as sharecroppers and labour unions. They welcomed Fascism and supported its violent suppression of opponents on the left. The accommodation of the political right into the Italian Fascist movement in the early 1920s created internal factions within the movement. The "Fascist left" included Michele Bianchi, Giuseppe Bottai, Angelo Oliviero Olivetti, Sergio Panunzio, and Edmondo Rossoni, who were committed to advancing national syndicalism as a replacement for parliamentary liberalism inorder to modernize the economy and advance the interests of workers and common people. The "Fascist right" included members of the paramilitary Squadristi and former members of the Italian Nationalist Association (ANI). The Squadristi wanted to establish Fascism as a complete dictatorship, while the former ANI members, including Alfredo Rocco, sought to institute an authoritarian corporatist state to replace the liberal state in Italy while retaining the existing elites. Upon accommodating the political right, there arose a group of monarchist fascists who sought to use fascism to create an absolute monarchy under King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy. After KingVictor Emmanuel III forced Mussolini to resign as head of government and placed him under arrest in 1943, Mussolini was rescued by German forces. While continuing to rely on Germany for support, Mussolini and the remaining loyal Fascists founded the Italian Social Republic with Mussolini as head of state. Mussolini sought to re-radicalize Italian Fascism, declaring that the Fascist state had been overthrown because Italian Fascism had been subverted by Italian conservatives and the bourgeoisie. Then the new Fascist government proposed the creation of workers' councils and profit-sharing in industry, although the German authorities, who effectively controlled northern Italy atright of the political spectrum. George Orwell wrote in 1944 that "the word 'Fascism' is almost entirely meaningless ... almost any English person would accept 'bully' as a synonym for 'Fascist. Communist states have sometimes been referred to as "fascist", typically as an insult. For example, it has been applied to Marxist regimes in Cuba under Fidel Castro and Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh. Chinese Marxists used the term to denounce the Soviet Union during the Sino-Soviet Split, and likewise the Soviets used the term to denounce Chinese Marxists and social democracy (coining a new term in "social fascism"). Inthe United States, Herbert Matthews of The New York Times asked in 1946: "Should we now place Stalinist Russia in the same category as Hitlerite Germany? Should we say that she is Fascist?". J. Edgar Hoover, longtime FBI director and ardent anti-communist, wrote extensively of "Red Fascism". The Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s was sometimes called "fascist". Historian Peter Amann states that, "Undeniably, the Klan had some traits in common with European fascism—chauvinism, racism, a mystique of violence, an affirmation of a certain kind of archaic traditionalism—yet their differences were fundamental....[the KKK] never envisioned a change of political oreconomic system." Professor Richard Griffiths of the University of Wales wrote in 2005 that "fascism" is the "most misused, and over-used word, of our times". "Fascist" is sometimes applied to post-World War II organizations and ways of thinking that academics more commonly term "neo-fascist". History 19th-century roots Georges Valois, founder of the first non-Italian fascist party Faisceau, claimed the roots of fascism stemmed from the late 18th century Jacobin movement, seeing in its totalitarian nature a foreshadowing of the fascist state. Historian George Mosse similarly analyzed fascism as an inheritor of the mass ideology and civil religion of the FrenchRevolution, as well as a result of the brutalization of societies in 1914–1918. Historians such as Irene Collins and Howard C Payne see Napoleon III, who ran a 'police state' and suppressed the media, as a forerunner of fascism. According to David Thomson, the Italian Risorgimento of 1871 led to the 'nemesis of fascism'. William L Shirer sees a continuity from the views of Fichte and Hegel, through Bismarck, to Hitler; Robert Gerwarth speaks of a 'direct line' from Bismarck to Hitler. Julian Dierkes sees fascism as a 'particularly violent form of imperialism'. Fin de siècle era and the fusionof Maurrasism with Sorelianism (1880–1914) The historian Zeev Sternhell has traced the ideological roots of fascism back to the 1880s and in particular to the fin de siècle theme of that time. The theme was based on a revolt against materialism, rationalism, positivism, bourgeois society and democracy. The fin-de-siècle generation supported emotionalism, irrationalism, subjectivism and vitalism. The fin-de-siècle mindset saw civilization as being in a crisis that required a massive and total solution. The fin-de-siècle intellectual school considered the individual only one part of the larger collectivity, which should not be viewed as an atomized numerical sum of individuals. TheyFrench nationalist and reactionary monarchist Charles Maurras influenced fascism. Maurras promoted what he called integral nationalism, which called for the organic unity of a nation and Maurras insisted that a powerful monarch was an ideal leader of a nation. Maurras distrusted what he considered the democratic mystification of the popular will that created an impersonal collective subject. He claimed that a powerful monarch was a personified sovereign who could exercise authority to unite a nation's people. Maurras' integral nationalism was idealized by fascists, but modified into a modernized revolutionary form that was devoid of Maurras' monarchism. French revolutionary syndicalist Georgesnever be—as they are in Germany and Russia—the number, quantity and mass of mediocre men, incapable and indecisive". Futurism influenced fascism in its emphasis on recognizing the virile nature of violent action and war as being necessities of modern civilization. Marinetti promoted the need of physical training of young men, saying that in male education, gymnastics should take precedence over books, and he advocated segregation of the genders on this matter, in that womanly sensibility must not enter men's education whom Marinetti claimed must be "lively, bellicose, muscular and violently dynamic". World War I and its aftermath (1914–1929) At thea separate fascio. The term "Fascism" was first used in 1915 by members of Mussolini's movement, the Fasci of Revolutionary Action. The first meeting of the Fasci of Revolutionary Action was held on 24 January 1915 when Mussolini declared that it was necessary for Europe to resolve its national problems—including national borders—of Italy and elsewhere "for the ideals of justice and liberty for which oppressed peoples must acquire the right to belong to those national communities from which they descended". Attempts to hold mass meetings were ineffective and the organization was regularly harassed by government authorities and socialists. Similar political1917—in which Bolshevik communists led by Vladimir Lenin seized power in Russia—greatly influenced the development of fascism. In 1917, Mussolini, as leader of the Fasci of Revolutionary Action, praised the October Revolution, but later he became unimpressed with Lenin, regarding him as merely a new version of Tsar Nicholas. After World War I, fascists have commonly campaigned on anti-Marxist agendas. Liberal opponents of both fascism and the Bolsheviks argue that there are various similarities between the two, including that they believed in the necessity of a vanguard leadership, had disdain for bourgeois values and it is argued had totalitarian ambitions.in the name of preserving order and internal peace in Italy. Fascists identified their primary opponents as the majority of socialists on the left who had opposed intervention in World War I. The Fascists and the Italian political right held common ground: both held Marxism in contempt, discounted class consciousness and believed in the rule of elites. The Fascists assisted the anti-socialist campaign by allying with the other parties and the conservative right in a mutual effort to destroy the Italian Socialist Party and labour organizations committed to class identity above national identity. Fascism sought to accommodate Italian conservatives bymaking major alterations to its political agenda—abandoning its previous populism, republicanism and anticlericalism, adopting policies in support of free enterprise and accepting the Catholic Church and the monarchy as institutions in Italy. To appeal to Italian conservatives, Fascism adopted policies such as promoting family values, including promotion policies designed to reduce the number of women in the workforce limiting the woman's role to that of a mother. The fascists banned literature on birth control and increased penalties for abortion in 1926, declaring both crimes against the state. Though Fascism adopted a number of anti-modern positions designed to appeal to peopleupset with the new trends in sexuality and women's rights—especially those with a reactionary point of view—the Fascists sought to maintain Fascism's revolutionary character, with Angelo Oliviero Olivetti saying: "Fascism would like to be conservative, but it will [be] by being revolutionary". The Fascists supported revolutionary action and committed to secure law and order to appeal to both conservatives and syndicalists. Prior to Fascism's accommodations to the political right, Fascism was a small, urban, northern Italian movement that had about a thousand members. After Fascism's accommodation of the political right, the Fascist movement's membership soared to approximately 250,000 by 1921.appointment. Fascist propaganda aggrandized this event, known as "March on Rome", as a "seizure" of power because of Fascists' heroic exploits. Fascist Italy Historian Stanley G. Payne says Fascism in Italy was: A primarily political dictatorship....The Fascist Party itself had become almost completely bureaucratized and subservient to, not dominant over, the state itself. Big business, industry, and finance retained extensive autonomy, particularly in the early years. The armed forces also enjoyed considerable autonomy....The Fascist militia was placed under military control....The judicial system was left largely intact and relatively autonomous as well. The police continued to be directed by state officialsthe Center Party, including balancing the budget through deep cuts to the civil service. Initially, little drastic change in government policy had occurred and repressive police actions were limited. The Fascists began their attempt to entrench Fascism in Italy with the Acerbo Law, which guaranteed a plurality of the seats in parliament to any party or coalition list in an election that received 25% or more of the vote. Through considerable Fascist violence and intimidation, the list won a majority of the vote, allowing many seats to go to the Fascists. In the aftermath of the election, a crisis andpolitical scandal erupted after Socialist Party deputy Giacomo Matteotti was kidnapped and murdered by a Fascist. The liberals and the leftist minority in parliament walked out in protest in what became known as the Aventine Secession. On 3 January 1925, Mussolini addressed the Fascist-dominated Italian parliament and declared that he was personally responsible for what happened, but insisted that he had done nothing wrong. Mussolini proclaimed himself dictator of Italy, assuming full responsibility over the government and announcing the dismissal of parliament. From 1925 to 1929, Fascism steadily became entrenched in power: opposition deputies were denied access to parliament, censorshipwas introduced and a December 1925 decree made Mussolini solely responsible to the King. Catholic Church In 1929, the Fascist regime briefly gained what was in effect a blessing of the Catholic Church after the regime signed a concordat with the Church, known as the Lateran Treaty, which gave the papacy state sovereignty and financial compensation for the seizure of Church lands by the liberal state in the nineteenth century, but within two years the Church had renounced Fascism in the Encyclical Non Abbiamo Bisogno as a "pagan idolotry of the state" which teaches "hatred, violence and irreverence". Not longPacification of Libya against natives in Libya, including mass killings, the use of concentration camps and the forced starvation of thousands of people. Italian authorities committed ethnic cleansing by forcibly expelling 100,000 Bedouin Cyrenaicans, half the population of Cyrenaica in Libya, from their settlements that was slated to be given to Italian settlers. Hitler adopts Italian model The March on Rome brought Fascism international attention. One early admirer of the Italian Fascists was Adolf Hitler, who less than a month after the March had begun to model himself and the Nazi Party upon Mussolini and the Fascists. The Nazis, ledby Hitler and the German war hero Erich Ludendorff, attempted a "March on Berlin" modeled upon the March on Rome, which resulted in the failed Beer Hall Putsch in Munich in November 1923. International impact of the Great Depression and the buildup to World War II The conditions of economic hardship caused by the Great Depression brought about an international surge of social unrest. According to historian Philip Morgan, "the onset of the Great Depression...was the greatest stimulus yet to the diffusion and expansion of fascism outside Italy". Fascist propaganda blamed the problems of the long depression of the 1930s1934 crisis, France faced the greatest domestic political turmoil since the Dreyfus Affair when the fascist Francist Movement and multiple far-right movements rioted en masse in Paris against the French government resulting in major political violence. A variety of para-fascist governments that borrowed elements from fascism were formed during the Great Depression, including those of Greece, Lithuania, Poland and Yugoslavia. In the Americas, the Brazilian Integralists led by Plínio Salgado claimed as many as 200,000 members although following coup attempts it faced a crackdown from the Estado Novo of Getúlio Vargas in 1937. In the 1930s, the National Socialist Movementcrimes against humanity involving the Holocaust. However, there remained several movements and governments that were ideologically related to fascism. Francisco Franco's Falangist one-party state in Spain was officially neutral during World War II and it survived the collapse of the Axis Powers. Franco's rise to power had been directly assisted by the militaries of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany during the Spanish Civil War and Franco had sent volunteers to fight on the side of Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union during World War II. The first years were characterized by a repression against the anti-fascist ideologies, a deep censorshipand the suppression of democratic institutions (elected Parliament, Constitution of 1931, Regional Statutes of Autonomy). After World War II and a period of international isolation, Franco's regime normalized relations with the Western powers during the Cold War, until Franco's death in 1975 and the transformation of Spain into a liberal democracy. Historian Robert Paxton observes that one of the main problems in defining fascism is that it was widely mimicked. Paxton says: "In fascism's heyday, in the 1930s, many regimes that were not functionally fascist borrowed elements of fascist decor in order to lend themselves an aura of force, vitality,and mass mobilization". He goes on to observe that Salazar "crushed Portuguese fascism after he had copied some of its techniques of popular mobilization". Paxton says that: "Where Franco subjected Spain’s fascist party to his personal control, Salazar abolished outright in July 1934 the nearest thing Portugal had to an authentic fascist movement, Rolão Preto’s blue-shirted National Syndicalists […] Salazar preferred to control his population through such “organic” institutions traditionally powerful in Portugal as the Church. Salazar's regime was not only non-fascist, but “voluntarily non-totalitarian,” preferring to let those of its citizens who kept out of politics “live by habit".Historians tend to view the Estado Novo as para-fascist in nature, possessing minimal fascist tendencies. Other historians, including Fernando Rosas and Manuel Villaverde Cabral, think that the Estado Novo should be considered fascist. In Argentina, Peronism, associated with the regime of Juan Perón from 1946 to 1955 and 1973 to 1974, was influenced by fascism. Between 1939 and 1941, prior to his rise to power, Perón had developed a deep admiration of Italian Fascism and modelled his economic policies on Italian Fascist policies. The term neo-fascism refers to fascist movements after World War II. In Italy, the Italian Social Movementexpanded the powers of the executive—party and state—in a bid for total control. Finally, it unleashed aggressive emotions hitherto known in Europe only during war or social revolution. Nationalism with or without expansionism Ultranationalism, combined with the myth of national rebirth, is a key foundation of fascism. The fascist view of a nation is of a single organic entity that binds people together by their ancestry and is a natural unifying force of people. Fascism seeks to solve economic, political and social problems by achieving a millenarian national rebirth, exalting the nation or race above all else and promoting cultsof unity, strength and purity. European fascist movements typically espouse a racist conception of non-Europeans being inferior to Europeans. Beyond this, fascists in Europe have not held a unified set of racial views. Historically, most fascists promoted imperialism, although there have been several fascist movements that were uninterested in the pursuit of new imperial ambitions. For example, Nazism and Italian Fascism were expansionist and irredentist. Falangism in Spain envisioned worldwide unification of Spanish-speaking peoples (Hispanidad). British Fascism was non-interventionist, though it did embrace the British Empire. Totalitarianism Fascism promotes the establishment of a totalitarian state. It opposes liberal democracy, rejectsmulti-party systems and may support a one-party state so that it may synthesize with the nation. Mussolini's The Doctrine of Fascism (1932) – partly ghostwritten by philosopher Giovanni Gentile, who Mussolini described as "the philosopher of Fascism" – states: "The Fascist conception of the State is all-embracing; outside of it no human or spiritual values can exist, much less have value. Thus understood, Fascism is totalitarian, and the Fascist State—a synthesis and a unit inclusive of all values—interprets, develops, and potentiates the whole life of a people". In The Legal Basis of the Total State, Nazi political theorist Carl Schmittstate. Economy Fascism presented itself as an alternative to both international socialism and free market capitalism. While fascism opposed mainstream socialism, it sometimes regarded itself as a type of nationalist "socialism" to highlight their commitment to national solidarity and unity. Fascists opposed international free market capitalism, but supported a type of productive capitalism. Economic self-sufficiency, known as autarky, was a major goal of most fascist governments. Fascist governments advocated resolution of domestic class conflict within a nation in order to secure national solidarity. This would be done through the state mediating relations between the classes (contrary to the views ofclassical liberal-inspired capitalists). While fascism was opposed to domestic class conflict, it was held that bourgeois-proletarian conflict existed primarily in national conflict between proletarian nations versus bourgeois nations. Fascism condemned what it viewed as widespread character traits that it associated as the typical bourgeois mentality that it opposed, such as materialism, crassness, cowardice, inability to comprehend the heroic ideal of the fascist "warrior"; and associations with liberalism, individualism and parliamentarianism. In 1918, Mussolini defined what he viewed as the proletarian character, defining proletarian as being one and the same with producers, a productivist perspective that associated all people deemed productive,including entrepreneurs, technicians, workers and soldiers as being proletarian. He acknowledged the historical existence of both bourgeois and proletarian producers, but declared the need for bourgeois producers to merge with proletarian producers. While fascism denounced the mainstream internationalist and Marxist socialisms, it claimed to economically represent a type of nationalist productivist socialism that while condemning parasitical capitalism, it was willing to accommodate productivist capitalism within it. This was derived from Henri de Saint Simon, whose ideas inspired the creation of utopian socialism and influenced other ideologies, that stressed solidarity rather than class war and whose conception of productive people inthe economy included both productive workers and productive bosses to challenge the influence of the aristocracy and unproductive financial speculators. Saint Simon's vision combined the traditionalist right-wing criticisms of the French Revolution combined with a left-wing belief in the need for association or collaboration of productive people in society. Whereas Marxism condemned capitalism as a system of exploitative property relations, fascism saw the nature of the control of credit and money in the contemporary capitalist system as abusive. Unlike Marxism, fascism did not see class conflict between the Marxist-defined proletariat and the bourgeoisie as a given or as an enginesupported a state-controlled economy that accepted a mix of private and public ownership over the means of production. Economic planning was applied to both the public and private sector and the prosperity of private enterprise depended on its acceptance of synchronizing itself with the economic goals of the state. Fascist economic ideology supported the profit motive, but emphasized that industries must uphold the national interest as superior to private profit. While fascism accepted the importance of material wealth and power, it condemned materialism which identified as being present in both communism and capitalism and criticized materialism for lacking acknowledgement ofthe role of the spirit. In particular, fascists criticized capitalism not because of its competitive nature nor support of private property, which fascists supported—but due to its materialism, individualism, alleged bourgeois decadence and alleged indifference to the nation. Fascism denounced Marxism for its advocacy of materialist internationalist class identity, which fascists regarded as an attack upon the emotional and spiritual bonds of the nation and a threat to the achievement of genuine national solidarity. In discussing the spread of fascism beyond Italy, historian Philip Morgan states:Since the Depression was a crisis of laissez-faire capitalism and its political counterpart, parliamentary democracy,fascism could pose as the 'third-way' alternative between capitalism and Bolshevism, the model of a new European 'civilization'. As Mussolini typically put it in early 1934, "from 1929...fascism has become a universal phenomenon... The dominant forces of the 19th century, democracy, socialism, liberalism have been exhausted...the new political and economic forms of the twentieth-century are fascist'(Mussolini 1935: 32). Fascists criticized egalitarianism as preserving the weak, and they instead promoted social Darwinist views and policies. They were in principle opposed to the idea of social welfare, arguing that it "encouraged the preservation of the degenerate and the feeble." The Nazi Partymillion Germans had obtained assistance from the NSV, and the agency "projected a powerful image of caring and support" for "those who were judged to have got into difficulties through no fault of their own." Yet the organization was "feared and disliked among society's poorest" because it resorted to intrusive questioning and monitoring to judge who was worthy of support. Action Fascism emphasizes direct action, including supporting the legitimacy of political violence, as a core part of its politics. Fascism views violent action as a necessity in politics that fascism identifies as being an "endless struggle". This emphasis on theuse of political violence means that most fascist parties have also created their own private militias (e.g. the Nazi Party's Brown shirts and Fascist Italy's Blackshirts). The basis of fascism's support of violent action in politics is connected to social Darwinism. Fascist movements have commonly held social Darwinist views of nations, races and societies. They say that nations and races must purge themselves of socially and biologically weak or degenerate people, while simultaneously promoting the creation of strong people, in order to survive in a world defined by perpetual national and racial conflict. Age and gender roles Fascism emphasizes youthboth in a physical sense of age and in a spiritual sense as related to virility and commitment to action. The Italian Fascists' political anthem was called Giovinezza ("The Youth"). Fascism identifies the physical age period of youth as a critical time for the moral development of people who will affect society. Walter Laqueur argues that: The corollaries of the cult of war and physical danger were the cult of brutality, strength, and sexuality....[fascism is] a true counter-civilization: rejecting the sophisticated rationalist humanism of Old Europe, fascism sets up as its ideal the primitive instincts and primal emotions of thebarbarian. Italian Fascism pursued what it called "moral hygiene" of youth, particularly regarding sexuality. Fascist Italy promoted what it considered normal sexual behaviour in youth while denouncing what it considered deviant sexual behaviour. It condemned pornography, most forms of birth control and contraceptive devices (with the exception of the condom), homosexuality and prostitution as deviant sexual behaviour, although enforcement of laws opposed to such practices was erratic and authorities often turned a blind eye. Fascist Italy regarded the promotion of male sexual excitation before puberty as the cause of criminality amongst male youth, declared homosexuality a social disease and pursuedan aggressive campaign to reduce prostitution of young women. Mussolini perceived women's primary role as primarily child bearers and men, warriors—once saying: "War is to man what maternity is to the woman". In an effort to increase birthrates, the Italian Fascist government gave financial incentives to women who raised large families and initiated policies intended to reduce the number of women employed. Italian Fascism called for women to be honoured as "reproducers of the nation" and the Italian Fascist government held ritual ceremonies to honour women's role within the Italian nation. In 1934, Mussolini declared that employment of women wasgave her permission and the fetus was not yet viable and for purposes of so-called racial hygiene. The Nazis said that homosexuality was degenerate, effeminate, perverted and undermined masculinity because it did not produce children. They considered homosexuality curable through therapy, citing modern scientism and the study of sexology, which said that homosexuality could be felt by "normal" people and not just an abnormal minority. Open homosexuals were interned in Nazi concentration camps. Palingenesis and modernism Fascism emphasizes both palingenesis (national rebirth or re-creation) and modernism. In particular, fascism's nationalism has been identified as having a palingenetic character. Fascism promotesthe regeneration of the nation and purging it of decadence. Fascism accepts forms of modernism that it deems promotes national regeneration while rejecting forms of modernism that are regarded as antithetical to national regeneration. Fascism aestheticized modern technology and its association with speed, power and violence. Fascism admired advances in the economy in the early 20th century, particularly Fordism and scientific management. Fascist modernism has been recognized as inspired or developed by various figures—such as Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Ernst Jünger, Gottfried Benn, Louis-Ferdinand Céline, Knut Hamsun, Ezra Pound and Wyndham Lewis. In Italy, such modernist influence was exemplified by MarinettiHe conceived of a society based on a totalitarian concept of "total mobilization" of such disciplined warrior-workers. Criticism Fascism has been widely criticized and condemned in modern times since the defeat of the Axis Powers in World War II. Anti-democratic and tyrannical One of the most common and strongest criticisms of fascism is that it is a tyranny. Fascism is deliberately and entirely non-democratic and anti-democratic. Unprincipled opportunism Some critics of Italian fascism have said that much of the ideology was merely a by-product of unprincipled opportunism by Mussolini and that he changed his political stances merely to bolster hisgovernment's war against Germany and who sent support to Italian socialists who wanted Italian intervention on France's side. Mussolini's transformation away from Marxism into what eventually became fascism began prior to World War I, as Mussolini had grown increasingly pessimistic about Marxism and egalitarianism while becoming increasingly supportive of figures who opposed egalitarianism, such as Friedrich Nietzsche. By 1902, Mussolini was studying Georges Sorel, Nietzsche and Vilfredo Pareto. Sorel's emphasis on the need for overthrowing decadent liberal democracy and capitalism by the use of violence, direct action, general strikes and neo-Machiavellian appeals to emotion impressed Mussolini deeply. Mussolini's use ofwith a kind of sublime perversity, ... a new free spirit will triumph over God and over Nothing". Ideological dishonesty Fascism has been criticized for being ideologically dishonest. Major examples of ideological dishonesty have been identified in Italian fascism's changing relationship with German Nazism. Fascist Italy's official foreign policy positions were known to commonly utilize rhetorical ideological hyperbole to justify its actions, although during Dino Grandi's tenure as Italy's foreign minister the country engaged in realpolitik free of such fascist hyperbole. Italian fascism's stance towards German Nazism fluctuated from support from the late 1920s to 1934, when it celebrated Hitler'sNordic and Mediterranean racial areas due to Germanic invasions of Northern Italy by claiming that while Germanic tribes such as the Lombards took control of Italy after the fall of Ancient Rome, they arrived in small numbers (about 8,000) and quickly assimilated into Roman culture and spoke the Latin language within fifty years. Italian fascism was influenced by the tradition of Italian nationalists scornfully looking down upon Nordicists' claims and taking pride in comparing the age and sophistication of ancient Roman civilization as well as the classical revival in the Renaissance to that of Nordic societies that Italian nationalists describedas "newcomers" to civilization in comparison. At the height of antagonism between the Nazis and Italian fascists over race, Mussolini claimed that the Germans themselves were not a pure race and noted with irony that the Nazi theory of German racial superiority was based on the theories of non-German foreigners, such as Frenchman Arthur de Gobineau. After the tension in German-Italian relations diminished during the late 1930s, Italian fascism sought to harmonize its ideology with German Nazism and combined Nordicist and Mediterranean racial theories, noting that Italians were members of the Aryan Race, composed of a mixed Nordic-Mediterranean subtype. In1938, Mussolini declared upon Italy's adoption of antisemitic laws that Italian fascism had always been antisemitic, In fact, Italian fascism did not endorse antisemitism until the late 1930s when Mussolini feared alienating antisemitic Nazi Germany, whose power and influence were growing in Europe. Prior to that period there had been notable Jewish Italians who had been senior Italian fascist officials, including Margherita Sarfatti, who had also been Mussolini's mistress. Also contrary to Mussolini's claim in 1938, only a small number of Italian fascists were staunchly antisemitic (such as Roberto Farinacci and Giuseppe Preziosi), while others such as Italo Balbo, whocame from Ferrara which had one of Italy's largest Jewish communities, were disgusted by the antisemitic laws and opposed them. Fascism scholar Mark Neocleous notes that while Italian fascism did not have a clear commitment to antisemitism, there were occasional antisemitic statements issued prior to 1938, such as Mussolini in 1919 declaring that the Jewish bankers in London and New York were connected by race to the Russian Bolsheviks and that eight percent of the Russian Bolsheviks were Jews. See also Christian fascism Clerical fascism Crypto-fascism Dictatorship Economics of fascism Fascism and ideology Fascist syndicalism Islamic fascism Nazism Neo-fascism Neo-nazismPact of Pacification Proto-fascism Right-wing authoritarianism Reactionary modernism Revolutionary nationalism Squadrismo References Bibliography Primary sources Ciano, Galezzo. 2001. The Ciano Diaries, 1939–1943. Simon Publications. Gentile, Giovanni. 1932. The Doctrine of Fascism. Enciclopedia Italiana. Goebbels, Joseph and Thomas Dalton (ed.). Goebbels on the Jews: The Complete Diary Entries - 1923 to 1945 (2019) Taylor, Fred, ed. The Goebbels Diaries 1939-1941 (1983) Hitler, Adoph. Mein Kampf (1925) excerpt Mosley, Sir Oswald. 1968. My Life. Nelson Publications. Mussolini, Benito. 2006. My Autobiography: With "The Political and Social Doctrine of Fascism". Dover Publications. Mussolini, Benito. 1998. My Rise And Fall . Da Capo Press.de Rivera, José Antonio Primo. 1971. Textos de Doctrina Politica. Madrid. de Oliveira Salazar, António. 1939. Doctrine and Action: Internal and Foreign Policy of the New Portugal, 1928–1939. Faber and Faber. Secondary sources Baker, David. "The political economy of fascism: Myth or reality, or myth and reality?" New Political Economy, Volume 11, Issue 2 June 2006, pp. 227–50 Ben-Am, Shlomo. 1983. Fascism from Above: The Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera in Spain, 1923–1930. Oxford University Press. Blamires, Cyprian. World fascism: a historical encyclopedia, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2006. Costa Pinto, Antonio, ed. Rethinking the Nature of Fascism:Comparative Perspectives (Palgrave Macmillan; 2011) 287 pages Costa Pinto, António. 1995. Salazar's Dictatorship and European Fascism: Problems of Interpretation. Social Science Monographs. Davies, Peter, and Derek Lynch, eds. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right (2002) excerpt De Felice, Renzo. 1977. Interpretations of Fascism. Harvard University Press. . De Felice, Renzo. 1976. Fascism: An Informal Introduction to Its Theory and Practice. Transaction Books. De Grand, Alexander J. Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany: the 'fascist' style of rule (2004) Eatwell, Roger. 1996. Fascism: A History. New York: Allen Lane. online Evans, Richard J, The Third Reich in Power: 1933–1939,The Penguin Press HC, 2005 Fritzsche, Peter. Rehearsals for Fascism: Populism and Political Mobilization in Weimar Germany. (Oxford UP, 1990). Gentile, Emilio. 2005. The Origins of Fascist Ideology, 1918–1925: The First Complete Study of the Origins of Italian Fascism, New York: Enigma Books, Golomb, Jacob; Wistrich, Robert S. 2002. Nietzsche, godfather of fascism?: on the uses and abuses of a philosophy. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Gregor, Anthony James. 1979. Young Mussolini and the intellectual origins of fascism. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, US; London: University of California Press. Griffin, Roger. 2000. "Revolution from the Right: Fascism," chapter inDavid Parker (ed.) Revolutions and the Revolutionary Tradition in the West 1560–1991, Routledge, London. Griffin, Roger. 1991. The Nature of Fascism. New York: St. Martin's Press. Griffiths, Richard. 2001. An Intelligent Person's Guide to Fascism. Duckworth. Kallis, Aristotle A., "To Expand or Not to Expand? Territory, Generic Fascism and the Quest for an 'Ideal Fatherland'" Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 38, No. 2. (Apr. 2003), pp. 237–60. Kitsikis, Dimitri. 2006. Jean-Jacques Rousseau et les origines françaises du fascisme. Ars Magna Editions. . Kitsikis, Dimitri. 2005. Pour une étude scientifique du fascisme. Ars Magna Editions. . Laqueur, Walter. 1966. Fascism: Past,Present, Future, New York: Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Lewis, Paul H. 2002. Latin Fascist Elites: The Mussolini, Franco, and Salazar Regimes. Greenwood Publishing Group. Nolte, Ernst The Three Faces of Fascism: Action Française, Italian Fascism, National Socialism, translated from the German by Leila Vennewitz, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1965. online; also another copy Payne, Stanley G. 2003. Falange: A History of Spanish Fascism. Textbook Publishers. online Payne, Stanley G. 1987. The Franco Regime, 1936–1975. University of Wisconsin Press. Reich, Wilhelm. 1970. The Mass Psychology of Fascism. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux. Sauer, Wolfgang "National Socialism: totalitarianism or fascism?"pp. 404–24 from The American Historical Review, Volume 73, Issue #2, December 1967. Seldes, George. 1935. Sawdust Caesar: The Untold History of Mussolini and Fascism. New York and London: Harper and Brothers. Seldes, George. 1943, reprinted 2009. Facts and Fascism. New York: In Fact. . p. 288. Sohn-Rethel, Alfred Economy and Class Structure of German Fascism, London: CSE Bks, 1978 Sternhell, Zeev. [1989] 1994. The Birth of Fascist Ideology, From Cultural Rebellion to Political Revolution., Trans. David Maisei. Princeton University Press. Vatikiotis, Panayiotis J. 1988. Popular Autocracy in Greece, 1936–1941: A Political Biography of General Ioannis Metaxas. Routledge. Weber, Eugen.[1964] 1985. Varieties of Fascism: Doctrines of Revolution in the Twentieth Century, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, (Contains chapters on fascist movements in different countries.) Further reading Alcalde, Ángel. "The Transnational Consensus: Fascism and Nazism in Current Research." Contemporary European History: 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960777320000089 Riley, Dylan (2010). The Civic Foundations of Fascism in Europe: Italy, Spain and Romania 1870–1945. John Hopkins. External links The Doctrine of Fascism by Benito Mussolini (1932) Authorized translation of Mussolini's "The Political and Social Doctrine of Fascism" (1933) (PDF). media.wix.com. Readings on Fascism and National Socialism by Various – Project Gutenberg "Eternal Fascism: Fourteen
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Fascism", {"description":'book edited by political theorist Roger Griffin'}], ["Fascism", {}], ["Roger Griffin", {}], ["Oxford University Press", {}], ["1995", {}]]
Relations:[["Fascism", "main subject", "Fascism"], ["Fascism", "author", "Roger Griffin"], ["Fascism", "publisher", "Oxford University Press"], ["Fascism", "publication date", "1995"]] |
### User:
Luaka Bop is a world music-oriented record label established by musician and record producer David Byrne, former lead singer and guitarist for the art rock–new wave band Talking Heads. Originally established in 1988, the label has been wholly independent since leaving V2 Records in 2006. Previously the label had distribution relationships with Warner Bros. Records and Narada/Virgin/EMI Records. Luaka Bop has released compilations representing sounds from around the world, as well as full-length albums, EPs, and singles from individual artists, including Byrne himself. Brazil Classics, the label's first compilation series, consists of seven albums surveying genres ranging from Samba towhen the sleeve is removed, it reveals a white label that reads "Luaka BOP". In 1989 Byrne hired Yale Evelev as president of the record label. The Luaka Bop logo design was conceived by David Byrne and illustrated by Tibor Kalman. Kalman also designed the first two Brazil Classics albums and began the tradition of the split-color spine, which was altered with every change in distribution. Other designers from Kalman's M & Co., including Stefan Sagmeister, Scott Stowell and Stephen Doyle, have provided the label with distinctive album art. On this topic Byrne said, "We don't do covers that looklike folkloric records or like academic records of obscure material of interest only to musicologists and a few weird fringe types… we work with the designers to come up with a graphic statement that says 'this music is relevant to your life…'" Artists Notable artists who have recorded for the label include: A.R. Kane Atomic Bomb! Band Susana Baca Waldemar Bastos Bloque de Búsqueda Cornershop David Byrne Delicate Steve Doug Hream Blunt Floating Points Los Amigos Invisibles Javelin Shoukichi Kina King Changó Kings Go Forth Los de Abajo Mimi Nouvelle Vague Os Mutantes Shuggie Otis William Onyeabor The +2’s Silvio
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Luaka Bop", {"description":'record label'}], ["Record label", {}], ["1988", {}], ["World music", {}], ["David Byrne", {}]]
Relations:[["Luaka Bop", "instance of", "Record label"], ["Luaka Bop", "inception", "1988"], ["Luaka Bop", "genre", "World music"], ["Luaka Bop", "founded by", "David Byrne"]] |
### User:
Good Leader Tavis is a fictional character in the American television series The Purge. Portrayed by Fiona Dourif, she is a zealous cult leader whose followers sacrifice themselves during a night of anarchy, believing that the act will benefit them and others. Throughout the show's first season, a man named Miguel Guerrero pursues Tavis's bus while attempting to save his sister from the group. Producers initially sought a male actor for the role, but eventually allowed women to audition as well. Dourif was cast immediately after she read for the part. Tavis has received positive reviews from television critics. OverviewAs with other works in its franchise, The Purge takes place during an annual night when crime in America is legalized for 12 hours. The series introduces a cult led by Good Leader Tavis, who has convinced her followers to allow themselves to be killed on Purge Night, claiming that their sacrifice will save others and lead to a pleasant afterlife. Throughout the evening, some of her students begin to question their decision, creating occasional conflicts. Tavis's bus is pursued by former marine Miguel Guerrero, who seeks to remove his sister Penelope from the cult. Casting and creation While developingthe TV series, Purge creator James DeMonaco envisioned a nontraditional set of characters whose intention was sacrifice, rather than survival. He pictured the leader as a charismatic man whose followers "offer themselves up as martyrs to people who want to Purge." Around this point in the production, Fiona Dourif had gained popularity for her performances in horror-based projects; Bloody Disgusting labeled the actress a "genre fan-favorite". Producers eventually reconsidered their stance on the character's gender and invited Dourif to audition. She won the part after one reading. In May 2018, Deadline Hollywood announced that Dourif would join the series asunderwhelming. "More interesting is the cult Penelope has joined thanks to a slyly sinister performance by Dourif. While it seems Tavis has the best intentions for her cult 'children,' Dourif's performance lets you know there is more to her character than meets the eye," he said. Mike Walkusky of DirecTV.com labeled Dourif a "majestic" actress, and recognized her as "so good" in the role. Nick Venable of CinemaBlend noted Dourif's "undying smile, which becomes more haunting as the show goes on." Den of Geeks Ronald Hogan evaluated Tavis in a review of episode three. "She's making the Purge work forher. It doesn't have to be all about killing and mayhem. For some, it's protecting others, being a hero. For others, it's all about power, being in charge, controlling others", he said. He also declared, "Fiona Dourif is absolutely brilliant." Jack O'Keefe wrote an editorial for Bustle.com on Tavis and her cult, noting that the story captured his interest and left him with "a great deal of questions." The editors of Bloody Disgusting featured an image of Tavis in their annual fall preview article, stating, "It will be interesting to see how the action-horror franchise translates to a slower episodic
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Good Leader Tavis", {"description":'fictional cult leader'}], ["The Purge", {}], ["Fiona Dourif", {}], ["James DeMonaco", {}]]
Relations:[["Good Leader Tavis", "present in work", "The Purge"], ["Good Leader Tavis", "performer", "Fiona Dourif"], ["Good Leader Tavis", "creator", "James DeMonaco"]] |
### User:
Seisho Maru (, Seishō Maru ) was a cargo ship for Mitsui Bussan Kaisho in military service that was sunk by an American submarine during World War II. The ship had been built as SS West Caruth, a cargo ship for the United States Shipping Board (USSB) shortly after the end of World War I. Shortly after completion, the ship was inspected by the United States Navy for possible use as USS West Caruth (ID-2850) but was neither taken into the Navy nor ever commissioned under that name. Before being sold to Japanese owners in 1928, she was also knownas SS Exmoor and SS Antonio Tripcovich. West Caruth was built in 1918 for the USSB, as a part of the West boats, a series of steel-hulled cargo ships built on the West Coast of the United States for the World War I war effort, and was the second ship built at Southwestern Shipbuilding in San Pedro, California. After operating for four years under American registry, she was sold several times and operated under British, Italian, and Japanese registry throughout the remainder of her career. In November 1944, while serving as Japanese transport Seisho Maru during World War II, sheand completed in February 1919. West Caruth was , and was long (between perpendiculars) and abeam. The ship had a single triple-expansion steam engine that drove a single screw propeller, and moved the ship at up to . Career West Caruth was inspected by the 12th Naval District of the United States Navy after completion for possible use as a service collier and was assigned the identification number of 3850. Had she been commissioned, she would have been known as USS West Caruth (ID-3850), but the Navy neither took over the ship nor commissioned her. The cargo ship sailed fora part of Oguma Shoten Gomei Kaisha of Tsurumi under Japanese registry. By the early 1930s Seisho Maru had been sold to Mitsui Bussan Kaisho. There is scant record of the ship's movements under any of her later names. The Los Angeles Times reports her arrival at West Coast ports as Seisho Maru at least twice. In March 1930, the ship arrived at Tacoma, Washington, from Singapore to pick up a load of logs for export. Another notice in November 1933 noted her impending return to Los Angeles, where she was scheduled to take on a load of borax and
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Seisho Maru", {"description":'cargo ship for Mitsui Bussan Kaisho (1918)'}], ["Ship", {}], ["United States Navy", {}]]
Relations:[["Seisho Maru", "instance of", "Ship"], ["Seisho Maru", "operator", "United States Navy"]] |
### User:
Gibeat Goath or the Hill of Death (of roaring, groaning) is a hill near Jerusalem, mentioned in Jeremiah 31:39. Jeremiah predicts (Jer. 31:36-40) that the city should in future times extend beyond the north wall (the second wall) and inclose Gibeat Gareb and Gibeat Goath. The position of Gareb can correspond only with Under Bezetha, and the position of Goath only with Upper Bezetha where Golgotha rose. Both of these elevations were inclosed by Agrippa, as parts of the new city, and lay inside the third wall. From the context we learn that Gareb and Goath were unclean places, but,
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Goath", {"description":'hill near Jerusalem', "alias":['Gibeat Goath']}], ["Hill", {}]]
Relations:[["Goath", "instance of", "Hill"]] |
### User:
Teobaldo Depetrini (; 12 March 1914 – 8 January 1996) was an Italian football player and coach from Vercelli in the Province of Vercelli. He played club football as a midfielder for his hometown side Pro Vercelli, Juventus and Torino. Depetrini returned to Juventus in a managerial role during part of the 1959 season, however this return was very brief and he was replaced by Renato Cesarini. Honours Juventus Serie A: 1933–34, 1934–35 References Category:1914 births Category:1996 deaths Category:Italian footballers Category:Juventus F.C. players Category:F.C. Pro Vercelli 1892 players Category:Torino F.C. players Category:Juventus F.C. managers Category:People from Vercelli Category:Association football midfielders
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Teobaldo Depetrini", {"description":'Italian footballer'}], ["F.C. Pro Vercelli 1892", {}], ["Football player", {}], ["Vercelli", {}], ["Association football", {}], ["Midfielder", {}]]
Relations:[["Teobaldo Depetrini", "member of sports team", "F.C. Pro Vercelli 1892"], ["Teobaldo Depetrini", "occupation", "Football player"], ["Teobaldo Depetrini", "place of birth", "Vercelli"], ["Teobaldo Depetrini", "sport", "Association football"], ["Teobaldo Depetrini", "position played on team / speciality", "Midfielder"]] |
### User:
Sangiliyandapuram () is a neighbourhood in the city of Tiruchirappalli in Tamil Nadu, India Etymology The etymology is from a temple dedicated to Sangiliyandavar located in the area. Because of its close proximity to Ponmalai workshop and downtown of the city, retired railway employees from the workshop were the first people to set up their homes here, most of whom were the Anglo-Indians of Pinto Colony. Famous The area is famous for its contribution to Tamil Cinema and Aluminium metal works. Sangilyandapuram was the epicentre of Aluminium metal works in Tamil Nadu. Many metal workshops including Trichy Metals Ltd., has
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Sangiliyandapuram", {"description":'neighbourhood in Tamil Nadu, India'}], ["India", {}], ["Tamil Nadu", {}]]
Relations:[["Sangiliyandapuram", "country", "India"], ["Sangiliyandapuram", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Tamil Nadu"]] |
### User:
Vembarpatti is a small Village which is located Dindigul district in Tamil Nadu, India. Around 10,000 people are living there. The town is surrounded by Sirumalai Hills, Karundamalai Hills and Akkamma Hills. The town was ruled by Nayakar's 300 years ago. There are many temples, churches and mosques in the town Vembarpatti is one of the villages in Sanarpatti Taluk in Dindigul District in Tamil Nadu State. Vembarpatti is located 6.5 km from its Taluk Main Town Shanarpatti. Vembarpatti is 19.8 km from its District Main City Dindigul. It is 424 km from its State Main City Chennai. Nearby villages
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Vembarpatti", {"description":'village in Tamil Nadu, India'}], ["India", {}], ["Tamil Nadu", {}]]
Relations:[["Vembarpatti", "country", "India"], ["Vembarpatti", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Tamil Nadu"]] |
### User:
The 2015–16 Pro50 Championship was the fourteenth edition of the Pro50 Championship, a List A cricket tournament in Zimbabwe. The competition ran from 4 November 2015 to 6 January 2016. In a change from the previous edition, teams played each other twice (instead of three times) during the round-robin, and there was no final. Mashonaland Eagles won the tournament for the fourth time, with five victories and one defeat. Mid West Rhinos batsman Prince Masvaure was the tournament's leading run-scorer with a total of 250 runs. Matabeleland Tuskers bowler Tawanda Mupariwa was the leading wicket-tacker with a total of 13
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["2015–16 Pro50 Championship", {"description":'fourteenth edition of the Pro50, a cricket tournament in Zimbabwe', "alias":['2015-16 Pro50 Championship']}], ["Cricket", {}], ["Mashonaland Eagles", {}]]
Relations:[["2015–16 Pro50 Championship", "sport", "Cricket"], ["2015–16 Pro50 Championship", "winner", "Mashonaland Eagles"]] |
### User:
CFCJ-FM is a Christian radio station which broadcasts at 102.1 MHz (FM) in Cochrane, Ontario, Canada. History On April 18, 2011, Cochrane Christian Radio (CCR) received an approval by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to operate a new English language low-power specialty FM radio programming undertaking to provide a Christian music service at 102.1 MHz in Cochrane, Ontario. Cochrane Christian Radio (inc) is owner of CFCJ-FM. The launch kick-off date was September 5, 2011 at the Glad Tidings Pentecostal Church in Cochrane. References External links www.102fm.ca FCJ FCJ Category:Cochrane, Ontario Category:Radio stations established in 2011 Category:2011 establishments in
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["CFCJ-FM", {"description":'Christian radio station in Cochrane, Ontario'}], ["Canada", {}], ["Ontario", {}]]
Relations:[["CFCJ-FM", "country", "Canada"], ["CFCJ-FM", "located in the administrative territorial entity", "Ontario"]] |
### User:
Luís Miguel Rocha (February 1976 in Porto – 26 March 2015 in Mazaferes) was a Portuguese author, television writer and producer. He became a New York Times bestseller in 2009. Biography Rocha was born in Porto, and raised in Viana do Castelo. Prior to publishing his first novel, Rocha wrote and produced television in London. Rocha's second novel, The Last Pope, was published in 2006. The novel examines the conspiracy theories about the death of Pope John Paul I. The Holy Bullet, also known as The Holy Assassin, his third novel, was published in 2007. The Pope's Assassin, also known
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Luís Miguel Rocha", {"description":'Portuguese author and producer', "alias":['Luis Miguel Rocha']}], ["Porto", {}], ["The Last Pope", {}], ["Writer", {}]]
Relations:[["Luís Miguel Rocha", "place of birth", "Porto"], ["Luís Miguel Rocha", "notable work", "The Last Pope"], ["Luís Miguel Rocha", "occupation", "Writer"]] |
### User:
Robert Wartenberg (June 19, 1887 – November 16, 1956) was an American neurologist and professor. History Wartenberg was born in 1886 in Grodno, Belarus, then in the Russian Empire. He graduated from the University of Rostock, Germany in 1919. He worked with Max Nonne in Hamburg and Otfrid Foerster in Breslau. In 1933, he became head of the neurological clinic at Freiburg and Privatdozent in neurology. However, he was persecuted by the Nazis, and in 1935 he left Germany and settled in San Francisco. In 1952 he was appointed clinical professor of neurology at the University of California. Wartenberg wasJewish. Career Robert Wartenberg is known as the inventor of the Wartenberg neuronal wheel, a medical device through which it is possible to test the skin sensitivity of a subject, by systematically rotating the tool across the skin. The cheiralgia paresthetica, a neuropathy of the hand caused by compression to the superficial branch of the radial nerve, was first identified by Robert Wartenberg in 1932. References See also Wartenberg's disease (syn.: Cheiralgia paresthetica): A sensitive neuropathy involving the superficial branch of the radial nerve. Wartenberg's sign: In ulnar paralysis the little finger is in a position of abduction. Wartenberg's syndrome:
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Robert Wartenberg", {"description":'American neurologist'}], ["Grodno", {}], ["San Francisco", {}], ["Germany", {}], ["Robert", {}], ["Neurologist", {}], ["University of Rostock", {}], ["University of California", {}]]
Relations:[["Robert Wartenberg", "place of birth", "Grodno"], ["Robert Wartenberg", "place of death", "San Francisco"], ["Robert Wartenberg", "country of citizenship", "Germany"], ["Robert Wartenberg", "given name", "Robert"], ["Robert Wartenberg", "occupation", "Neurologist"], ["Robert Wartenberg", "educated at", "University of Rostock"], ["Robert Wartenberg", "employer", "University of California"]] |
### User:
Winter Sports: The Ultimate Challenge (called RTL Winter Sports 2008: The Ultimate Challenge in Europe) is a multi-sport simulation developed by German studio 49 Games released in 2007 for the PlayStation 2, Wii, and Microsoft Windows. It was developed by 49 Games, the developers of Torino 2006. Sports and events Downhill skiing Super-G, slalom, and giant slalom Ski jumping Normal hill Large Hill Bobsledding Two-man Four-man Men's luge Men's skeleton Speed skating 500m 1000m Curling Cross-country skiing Figure skating Reception The PlayStation 2 and Wii versions received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. See also Torino 2006
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Winter Sports: The Ultimate Challenge", {"description":'2007 video game'}], ["Wii", {}], ["PlayStation 2", {}], ["Microsoft Windows", {}], ["Figure skating", {}]]
Relations:[["Winter Sports: The Ultimate Challenge", "platform", "Wii"], ["Winter Sports: The Ultimate Challenge", "platform", "PlayStation 2"], ["Winter Sports: The Ultimate Challenge", "platform", "Microsoft Windows"], ["Winter Sports: The Ultimate Challenge", "distribution format", "Wii"], ["Winter Sports: The Ultimate Challenge", "main subject", "Figure skating"]] |
### User:
Mohammed Abdulrahman (; born 4 February 1989) is an Emirati footballer. He currently plays for Al Ain FC and UAE national team. Abdulrahman played three times in the 2010 AFC Champions League. He is the brother of footballers Khaled Abdulrahman and Omar Abdulrahman who both play for Al-Ain and Saudi club Al-Hilal respectively International career International goals Scores and results list the United Arab Emirates' goal tally first. References External links Mohammed Profile At *Al Ain Fc.net Official Site Mohammed Statistics At Goalzz.com Category:Emirati footballers Category:Al Ain FC players Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:Emirati people of Yemeni descent Category:2015 AFC
### Assistant:
| Nodes:[["Mohamed Abdulrahman", {"description":'United Arab Emirates footballer'}], ["United Arab Emirates", {}], ["Al Ain FC", {}]]
Relations:[["Mohamed Abdulrahman", "country of citizenship", "United Arab Emirates"], ["Mohamed Abdulrahman", "member of sports team", "Al Ain FC"]] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.