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### User: The Condit House is the Official Residence of the President of Indiana State University. Built in 1860 and bequeathed to the University in 1962, it is the oldest building on the campus. The home, an example of Italianate architecture, was the private home of the Right Reverend Blackford Condit and his family from 1862 until 1962. Condit's youngest daughter, Helen, donated the home to the University upon her death. In addition to its role as the Official Residence, it previously served as the University Alumni Center. The architect was Jabez Hedden and the contractor was Lucien Houriet. It was listed ### Assistant:
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### User: Metal Works is a compilation album by Judas Priest, released in 1993. A remastered edition was released in 2001, with the same track listing. All material was previously available. All albums to that date are represented with the exception of their debut, Rocka Rolla, although a live version of "Victim of Changes" (from Unleashed in the East, with what appears to be an American sounding audience dubbed on at the end, instead of the familiar Japanese one from the album version) is used rather than the studio version on Sad Wings of Destiny. This is because the band no longerowns the rights to their first two albums. The band selected the tracks themselves, and made comments in the sleeve-notes. As an album it showcases versatility of their musical career. This album also brought Rob Halford back into the fold for a short while following his departure from the band due to internal tensions. The album cover by Mark Wilkinson (who had done the band's cover art from Ram It Down to Nostradamus) combines elements from the band's previous releases. In the foreground are the Hellion from Screaming for Vengeance and the Painkiller from its eponymous 1990 album. Under theHellion's body is a razor blade, a reference to the album British Steel. The lower left shows the female hand holding a gear shift knob from Turbo and a mannequin wearing sunglasses and a studded leather headband representing Killing Machine/Hell Bent for Leather. The lower right corner features the door and columns from Sin After Sin, the metallic head from Stained Class enveloped in smoke, and the Metallian from Defenders of the Faith. At the end of the trail of flames in front of the Metallian is the shaft of light from Point of Entry. Additionally, one of the chimneys ### Assistant:
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### User: Katherine Litz (July 26, 1912, Denver, Colorado - December 19, 1978, New York City,) was an American dancer, teacher, and choreographer. She was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1965. Life Litz studied with Martha Graham and Hanya Holm and became known for her humorous and sometimes ironic dance solos. Between 1936 and 1942, Lintz danced with the Doris Humphrey-Charles Weidman modern dance company (Humphrey-Weidman), with a concert group organized by Agnes de Mille, and performed on Broadway in Oklahoma! and Carousel (musical). Lintz was recruited to teach at Black Mountain College by American artist-dancer Elizabeth Jennerjahn in the late 1940s. Whilea Glyph expressed by the different art forms was simply a compound image contained in a single work." Litz performed the piece in the 1977 New York Dance Festival, where it was filmed. In 2015 and 2016, The Glyph was re-created by dancer Polly Motley and directed by Richard Colton in conjunction with the exhibition Leap Before You Look: Black Mountain College, 1933-1957']' at the ICA Boston, and the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles. References External linksLeap Before You Look: Black Mountain College, 1933-1948 at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles, February 21 - May 15, 2016 Leap Before You Look: ### Assistant:
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### User: Joensuu railway station (in Finnish: Joensuun rautatieasema) is located in Joensuu, North Karelia, Finland. The station was opened in 1894. The station is served by passenger trains to Helsinki (via Lappeenranta, Kouvola and Lahti), Nurmes and Pieksämäki. The line to Helsinki via Lappeenranta is electrified, all other routes are operated by diesel hauled trains. The passenger train service to Nurmes was originally to close in 2016, but as of 2019 is still in service. Passenger trains to Helsinki are mainly operated by InterCity or double-deck InterCity 2 carriages hauled by VR Class Sr1 locomotives or by Pendolino units. See also ### Assistant:
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### User: M. Susan Savage (born March 30, 1952) is an American Democratic politician from Oklahoma. She was the 36th Mayor of Tulsa from 1992 to 2002, the first woman to hold that office. From 2003 to 2011, she was the 29th Secretary of State of Oklahoma. Biography Savage graduated from Edison High School in Tulsa and in 1974 earned a B.A. degree from Beaver College (now Arcadia University) in Pennsylvania. She returned to Tulsa in 1977 and became executive director of the Metropolitan Tulsa Citizens Crime Commission. Savage went on to become chief of staff to then-Tulsa Mayor Rodger Randle beforeLeague Hall of Fame for City and Town Officials in 2005 2002 National Conference for Community and Justice Honoree for leadership Honorary Doctor of Laws from Arcadia University Past recipient of the Oklahoma Human Rights Award 2009 induction to the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame Boards, Committees and Commissions National Advisory Board of the Riley Institute for Urban Affairs at the College of Charleston Executive Board member, Southern Regional Education Board Advisory Board member, Oklahoma Academy for State Goals Advisory Board member, Oklahoma City United Way Trustee, Oklahoma Nature Conservancy Board of Directors Trustee, Oklahoma Foundation for Excellence Board member, ### Assistant:
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### User: Laurentian University (), incorporated on March 28, 1960, is a mid-sized bilingual university in Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. While primarily focusing on undergraduate programming, Laurentian also houses the east campus of Canada's newest medical school—the Northern Ontario School of Medicine, which opened in 2005. Its school of Graduate Studies offers a number of graduate-level degrees. Laurentian is the largest bilingual provider of distance education in Canada. Overview The university's campus is located on the south side of Ramsey Lake, just south of Greater Sudbury's downtown core in the Bell Grove neighbourhood. The city's Idylwylde golf course borders on the universitycampus to the west and the Lake Laurentian Conservation Area borders on the campus to the south. The Lake Laurentian Conservation Area contains a network of trails used for running, mountain biking and nordic skiing. The university has a federated school structure, similar to that of the University of Toronto. The school also has two separate student unions (in addition to the part-time and graduate student associations). Students are assigned a student association when they register for their courses; the Francophone Students Association (AEF) is for francophones, while the Students General Association (SGA) is for both anglophones and francophones. HistoryLaurentian's historical roots lie in the Roman Catholic church. The Collège du Sacré-Coeur was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1913. According to a plaque at the entrance to the R. D. Parker Building, the school began granting degrees in 1957 as the University of Sudbury. A university federation combining representatives from the Roman Catholic, United, and Anglican churches was incorporated as a "non-denominational, bilingual institution of higher learning" in 1960. The new Laurentian University held classes in the University of Sudbury facility, as well as in a variety of locations in the city, including the Sudbury Steelworkers Hall,until its current campus was opened in 1964. The federated colleges included Huntington College (United Church), University of Sudbury College (Roman Catholic, descended from the Collège du Sacré-Coeur), and Thorneloe College (Anglican) which joined in 1963. Collège universitaire de Hearst in Hearst is the only remaining affiliated college while both Nipissing University College in North Bay and Algoma University College in Sault Ste. Marie were previously affiliated with Laurentian. Nipissing and Algoma were established as independent universities in 1992 and in 2008 respectively. Laurentian opened a campus in Barrie, Ontario in 2001 in partnership with Georgian College. In 2016, theuniversity announced that it would shut down operations in Barrie by May 2019. In recent years, the university has expanded its professional programs, launching the Northern Ontario School of Medicine in 2005 and receiving approval to launch the McEwen School of Architecture in 2011. Partnership Located in a city where the major industry is mining, Laurentian has strong ties with the mining industry, and is one of the few schools in Canada offering mining engineering. The Willett Green Miller Centre, a provincial building located on campus, houses the Ontario Geological Survey, the Ontario Geoscience Laboratories, the J.B. Gammon Mines Library,and the Mining and Minerals Division of the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines. It also houses the Mining Innovation, Rehabilitation and Applied Research Corporation (MIRARCO), a not-for-profit applied research and technical service company formed through collaboration between Laurentian University and the private and public sectors, and the Mineral Exploration Research Centre (MERC), a semi-autonomous research and teaching centre whose focus is field-based, collaborative research on mineral deposits and their environments. The university is also a partner in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO), the world's deepest underground laboratory. The observatory studies the composition of the sun and the origins ofthe universe. In 2004, the university, along with Lakehead University, formed the Northern Ontario Medical School. In addition, Laurentian University has a partnership with St. Lawrence College Tri-campus for its Bachelor of Science in Nursing and Bachelor of Business Administration. The university is a member of L'Association des universités de la francophonie canadienne, a network of academic institutions of the Canadian Francophonie. Administration The Board of Governors heads the university with the president. Directly to the left and right of the president is the assistant to the president, and the Laurentian University senate. Judith Woodsworth was the president of LaurentianUniversity until 2002, at which time Dominic Giroux became president until she left the university to become President and Vice-Chancellor of Concordia University, Montreal. Aline Chrétien, the wife of former Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien, was named the university's first chancellor on September 22, 2010. She was succeeded by Steve Paikin on October 26, 2013. Laurentian University's affiliate universities each have a chancellor. The chancellor is largely a ceremonial role, and has little participation in the day-to-day operations of the university. The chancellor for the affiliated University of Sudbury is Sudbury lawyer André Lacroix ; the chancellor for the affiliatedThorneloe University is Anne Germond; the first chancellor of the affiliated Huntington University is Edward (Ted) Conroy, another Sudbury lawyer. University administration is the responsibility of the Board of Governors, headed by the chairperson of the Board of Governors. As of 2016 this post is held by Jennifer Witty. Presidents Stanley G. Mullins (1963–1970) R.J.A. Cloutier (1970–1972) Edward J. Monahan (1972–1977) Henry Best (1977–1984) John Daniel (1984–1991) Ross Paul (1991–1998) Jean Watters (1998–2001) Judith Woodsworth (2002–2008) Dominic Giroux (2009–2017) Pierre Zundel (2017–2019) Robert Haché (2019-Present) Chairpersons of the Board of Governors Ralph D. Parker (1960–1965) Horace J. Fraser (1965–1969) W.J.(Bill)(Graduate Diploma) Faculty of Health Faculty of Management Business Administration Commerce and Administration (closed) Sports Administration Faculty of Medicine The first medical school in Canada to be opened during the Digital Age, the Northern Ontario School of Medicine’s (NOSM) four-year Undergraduate Medical Education e-curriculum emphasizes the use of broadband technology to bridge the distance between campuses, and to facilitate an extensive distributed learning model that is unique in modern medical education. NOSM aims to train medical learners who are from, and will practice in, Northern Ontario. Faculty of Science, Engineering and Architecture As of June, 2018, Laurentian offers: Program informationCommerce and administration Laurentian's school of commerce and administration was founded in 1960. It is modeled on the University of Western Ontario's Richard Ivey School of Business. The school offers small class sizes, one-on-one teaching, and an outstanding faculty. The School of Management offers a wide variety of programs, from MBAs to honours degrees in Business Administration and Sports Administration (H.B.Comm in SPAD). The school utilizes the case study method, in which it teaches through extensive use of business case studies. The case method enables class discussion of real business problems, which will apply the concepts, decision making methods andtools to those situations to help develop analytical and decision making skills. Students get involved in the community by studying real organizations of their choice, participating in research projects sponsored by businesses in the community and solving real problems. Sports Administration (H.B.Comm in SPAD) Laurentian University offers a unique program unlike any other in Canada. Laurentian's Sports Administration program is the only undergraduate sport management program that offers a business degree. In recent years, the program has achieved international accreditation which allows for more international opportunities. These opportunities include a two-week course in China, a semester abroad in Austria, Internationala newer concurrent Bachelor of Arts Education degree that can be taken full or part-time, the possibility of engaging in studies online, and the chance for certified teachers to complete additional qualifications. Bachelor of Education students who attend the institution must complete 50 days of practicum placement focusing on observation and practice teaching. The program provides many of the French-speaking teachers who work in Ontario's publicly funded education system, particularly in schools located in the northeastern section of the province. School of Education (Concurrent Education, English) In September 2003, Laurentian began offering an English Bachelor of Education. This concurrent B.Ed.based on sustainable environmental principles and located across from L'École des sciences at the east end of the campus – was completed in the summer of 2008. The program requires a 75% average over one's first four years in order to progress to the final (or Pro Year). The 75% minimum average required for entry in the final year means a nearly 80% entering grade in reality, so the annual Pro Year class (ranging from about 65 to 95 students) constitutes a rather elite cohort compared to most other Ontario concurrent programs. Many graduates have gone on to employment withboth the local Sudbury boards, with other school boards across Ontario, while many others have acquired employment in Alberta, B.C., and Saskatchewan, with a significant number working overseas (particularly in Britain). Federated schools Huntington University Northern Ontario School of Medicine (in partnership with Lakehead University) Université de Hearst Thorneloe University University of Sudbury Nipissing University in North Bay and Algoma University in Sault Ste. Marie, both now independent universities, were federated schools of Laurentian. Laurentian's Bachelor of Science in Nursing program is also taught in colleges across Ontario as part of one of three agreements between colleges and the university.Graduates of these collaborate programs receive Laurentian degrees upon graduation. The Northeastern Ontario Collaborative Nursing Program (NEOCNP) is a partnership between Laurentian University, Cambrian College, Northern College, and Sault College. St. Lawrence College offers Laurentian's Nursing Program through an agreement called the Laurentian–St. Lawrence Collaborative Nursing Program. Finally, Collège Boréal provides the Nursing program through an agreement with Laurentian University's French-language "sciences infirmières" program. St. Lawrence College also offers Laurentian's Bachelor of Business degree, a four-year program. Research centres Association francophone pour le savoir (ACFAS) Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation (CEMI) Centre in Mining Materials Research (CIMMR) Centre forResearch and Human Development (CRHD) Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health (CROSH) Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research (CRaNHR) Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit (CFEU) Elliot Lake Research Field Station (ELRFS) Geomechanics Research Centre (GRC) Institut Franco-Ontarien (IFO) Institute of Northern Ontario Research and Development (INORD) Laurentian University Mining Automation Laboratory (LUMAL) Mineral Exploration Research Centre (MERC) Mining Innovation, Rehabilitation and Applied Research Corporation (MIRARCO) Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) Student life Students' General Association/Association Générale des Étudiants The SGA-AGÉ is the largest student union at Laurentian, with around 5100 students. It offers services in both English and French,although in recent years the English services have become predominant. The association is presided over by a board of directors consisting of representatives of each of the academic departments and residences, as well as commissioners representing groups within the school (francophone, aboriginal, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, international students, women, cultural affairs and special needs), three university senators and the executive. The staff of the association, some of whom are part-time, included the president, two vice presidents, one for policy and advocacy, and one for student life, a Chief Returning Officer during the election campaign, the editor of Lambda, thedirector of CKLU, the manager of Pub Down Under and the manager of the games room. In 2016, the SGA-AGE became a member of the Ontario Undergraduate Student Alliance. Media The university's campus radio station, CKLU-FM, broadcasts at FM 96.7 in both English and French. Its campus newspapers are Lambda in English and L'Orignal déchaîné ("The Unchained Moose") in French. Lambda is a member of Canadian University Press, and CKLU is a member of the National Campus and Community Radio Association. Sports The university's varsity teams, known as the Voyageurs for the men's teams and the Lady Vees for thewomen's teams, compete in basketball, soccer, rowing swimming, cross-country running, golf, curling, and Nordic skiing. There are also competitive club teams including lacrosse and a plethora of intramural sports programmes. The Lady Vees basketball team have been one of the most successful franchises in the history of the U Sports Women's Basketball Championship, winning the title seven times. Notable alumnae of the basketball team include broadcaster Sylvia Sweeney. The varsity rowing team within its five-year history has produced a national team athlete and captured medals at both the OUA championships as well as gold medals at the Canadian University RowingChampionships. In 2017, the women's varsity curling team, consisting of Krysta Burns, Megan Smith, Sara Guy, and Laura Masters, captured the OUA Curling Championship (the first for the program and first OUA team banner for the University since 2003) followed by the Curling Canada/USports Championship (the first for the program and first USports team banner for the University since 1991). The Voyageurs' women's team (consisting of Kira Brunton, Megan Smith, Alyssa Denyer, Mikaela Cheslock, and Emma Johnston) followed-up their 2017 USports' victory with a second national USports title during the 2018-2019 curling season. The current director of the athletic departmentis Peter Hellstrom. Pipe band The Laurentian University Pipe Band (LUPB) was launched during spring convocation in May, 2007. Laurentian is one of the first schools (after Queen's University) to design its own tartan (registered in the tartan index) and the third post-secondary institution in Ontario to have its own pipe band (along with Queen's and the Royal Military College). Membership includes Laurentian and Northern Ontario School of Medicine students, alumni, and non-affiliated community members. The band complement includes bagpipes, snare, tenor, and bass drums as well as a highland dancing troupe. The band is managed by an executive council,Falconbridge Lecture Series hosting such guests as Chief Justice Beverley McLachlin, and Senator Roméo Dallaire (March 2006). The auditorium also sometimes hosts cultural events, such as theatre and concert performances, and was the original home of the city's Théâtre du Nouvel-Ontario and Sudbury Theatre Centre. Ben Avery The Ben Avery is the sports building on campus .It has a weight and cardiovascular room, an IAAF eight-lane Mondo track (2010) that complements the sport fields with seating for 5000, a four-lane indoor track, a rock climbing wall, a bouldering room, an Olympic size swimming pool with high rise diving boards, squashcourts, basketball courts, badminton nets, and the home of the pot-banging cheer club. Many students write their final exams in the Ben Avery's Varsity Gym. Beach The university owns over of land, including a private beach. There are five freshwater lakes in the immediate campus area. School and residence activities are held at the beach year round. The beach is a 15-minute or less walk from all of the residences. Residences The Laurentian Residences offers five unique residences under the supervision of the main campus and three located at the main campus under the supervision of the federated colleges. SingleStudent Residence The Single Student Residence (SSR) is an apartment style complex, with apartment units for 4–6 residents, containing a living room, kitchen, and washrooms. The entire complex includes rooms for 387 students in 72 apartments. Student Street, consisting of a convenience store, computer room, mail room, snack bar, and games room, among other rooms and services, is located at the bottom of the SSR complex. A $5.9 million renovation of the residence began in 2013. University College Residence The University College Residence (UC) is a ten-storey co-ed building with single and double (shared) rooms, providing accommodations for 240 students.University College is also connected to Student Street, giving students access to the same amenities available to SSR students. Married/Mature Student Residence The Mature Student Residence (MSR) offers furnished apartments for those who have accumulated over 90 university credits. The residence is generally thought of as the quietest at Laurentian. Rooms consist of one bedroom, a living room, bathroom and kitchen. The West Residence This is a new residence completed in 2007. It is designed for students who have spent at least two years at the university and obtained a minimum of at least 60 credits. The residence consists ofsame sex apartment style rooms and cost $14.5 million CAD. Thorneloe Residence The Thorneloe University College Residence provides accommodations for 58 students. This residence offers large kitchens, a sauna, and common rooms. In 2004 the former administrative offices were transformed into a suite for four students. Thorneloe University College, although founded by the Anglican Diocese of Algoma, welcomes all students at Laurentian. University of Sudbury The University of Sudbury Lucien Matte Residence houses 174 students in 92 single and 41 double bedrooms. The University of Sudbury, although associated with the Roman Catholic Church, welcomes those of all religions. Huntington UniversityHuntington Residence houses 184 students in dorm-style rooms. Kitchens and TV lounges are present on both floors. The residence is located with the Academic complex which includes classrooms and a library. Huntington University is affiliated with the United Church of Canada, but does not require religious affiliation East Residence This is the newest residence on campus, completed for the 2012–2013 school year. This is a 12-story residence building and is for upper-year students (minimum 60 university credits) and has 62 self-contained apartments. Each unit has three or four single bedrooms, living room, kitchen and two bathrooms. The apartments are wiredSociété historique du Nouvel-Ontario Robert Dickson (études françaises) – recipient of the 2002 Governor General's Award for French language poetry Fernand Dorais (études françaises) – founder of the Théâtre du Nouvel-Ontario Rand Dyck (political science) – author of Canadian Politics: Critical Approaches, now in 6th Edition Harold Gibson (geology) – recipient of 1992 William Harvey Gross Medal and 2012 Duncan Ramsay Derry Medal of the Mineral Deposits Division of the Geological Association of Canada J. F. Hendry (English) – poet Shannon E. Hengen (English) – literary critic Gary Kinsman (sociology) – Canadian academic leader on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenderissues C. Michael Lesher (geology) – recipient of 2007 Duncan Ramsay Derry Medal of the Mineral Deposits Division of the Geological Association of Canada Lucien Matte – Jesuit priest and educator Graeme S. Mount (history) – prolific author on international relations Roger Nash (philosophy) – award-winning poet and philosopher Alan Nursall (science communication) – host of Daily Planet and The Alan Nursall Experience on Discovery Channel B. P. Paquette (Thornloe) – multiple award-winning filmmaker David Pearson (geology and science communication) – recipient of 2001 Ward Neale Medal from the Geological Association of Canada, 2003 McNeil Medal from the Royal Societyof Canada, and appointed to the Order of Ontario in 2016 Michael Persinger (psychology) – neuroscientist and recipient of 2007 IFT (Leader in Faculty Teaching) award and 2007 TVO (Ontario) Best Lecturer award Luis Radford (education) – recipient of 2011 Hans Freudenthal Medal Gregory Scofield - poet Adam Sol – Canadian American poet See also List of Ontario universities Ontario Student Assistance Program Higher education in Ontario U Sports Canadian government scientific research organizations Canadian university scientific research organizations Canadian industrial research and development organizations References External links Alumni@Laurentian Category:Educational institutions established in 1960 Category:Buildings and structures in Greater Sudbury ### Assistant:
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### User: Cholakkulam is a Village in Malappuram district of Kerala. It is situated in Melattur. The name Cholakkulam came from the Malayalam words 'Chola' (Stream), 'Kulam' (Pond); i.e., 'Place where is pond with stream'. The village is well connected to Perinthalmanna (17 km), Mannarkkad (24 km), Manjeri (23 km) and Karuvarakundu (11 km). The shortest route connecting Kozhikode with Palakkad (via Manjeri - Pandikkad - Melattur - Mannarkkad, 134 km) passes through this village. Facilities Basically nearby town is melattur, buses passing are available to Kozhikode, Mannarkkad, Palakkad, Kalikavu, Nilambur, Edathanattukara and Thrissur. The Shoranur-Nilambur Railway Line passes through here andArabic script. People gather in mosques for the evening prayer and continue to sit there after the prayers discussing social and cultural issues. Business and family issues are also sorted out during these evening meetings. The Hindu minority of this area keeps their rich traditions by celebrating various festivals in their temples. Hindu rituals are done here with a regular devotion like other parts of Kerala. Transportation Cholakkulam village connects to other parts of India through Perinthalmanna town. National highway No.66 passes through Tirur and the northern stretch connects to Goa and Mumbai. The southern stretch connects to Cochin and ### Assistant:
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### User: Robert "Rob" Ostlere is a British actor, best known for his portrayal of Arthur Digby in the medical drama Holby City. He made his first appearance on 2 January 2013 and departed on 7 June 2016. Early life Ostlere graduated from the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 2008. He prepared for playing a doctor in Holby City by going to a hospital with Ty Glaser and spending the day with a consultant and registrar. He also watched surgery being performed and followed F1 doctors. Career In 2011 Ostlere appeared in the series premiere of the American television series Game ### Assistant:
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### User: Alberico da Barbiano was an Italian light cruiser, that served in the Regia Marina during World War II. She was named after Alberico da Barbiano, an Italian condottiero of the 14th century. Launch and Sea Trials Da Barbiano was launched on 23 August 1930. During her trials she managed to reach a speed of , but to do that the propulsion was pushed to , far beyond the safety limits. She could only maintain this speed for about 30 minutes. Service history During the late 1930s, Da Barbiano participated in the Spanish Civil War, escorting Italian ships that carried suppliesfor the Spanish Nationalist forces the Western Mediterranean. During World War II, Alberico Da Barbiano was part of the 4th Cruiser Division. On 9 July 1940 Da Barbiano was present at the Battle of Calabria (Punto Stilo). In summer 1940 she also participated in some escort and minelaying missions between Italy and North Africa. Due to the weakness of the class, on 1 September 1940 she was assigned as a training ship in Pola, but on 1 March 1941 was returned to active service. In December 1941 the Italian naval staff, in the face of a deteriorating supply situation betweenDa Barbiano capsized and sank in a sea of flame. 534 men, including Admiral Antonino Toscano, the commander of Italian Fourth Naval Division, his entire staff and the commanding officer of Alberico Da Barbiano, Captain Giorgio Rodocanacchi, were lost with the ship. 250 survivors reached the Tunisian coast or were picked up by rescuing vessels. Da Barbiano's wreck was located in 2007 by an Italian expedition. Citations References External links Regia Marina Italiana - Class: Condottieri tipo Di Giussano - specifications Category:Giussano-class cruisers Category:Ships built in Genoa Category:1930 ships Category:World War II cruisers of Italy Category:World War II shipwrecks in ### Assistant:
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### User: Sicydium plumieri (Spanish vernacular: Olivo, Ceti; English vernacular: Sirajo Goby) is a freshwater species of the goby native to the Antilles from Cuba to Trinidad and Tobago, though not recorded from all islands. This species can reach a length of TL. It is also known by the English common names sirajo, Plumier's stone-biting goby, and tri-tri goby. The young, which are regarded as a delicacy, are of commercial importance. The specific name honours Charles Plumier (1646-1704), a Franciscan friar and naturalist, who found the first specimens of the species on Martinique and Marcus Elieser Bloch based his species description on ### Assistant:
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### User: Clongowes Wood College is a voluntary boarding school for boys, located near Clane in County Kildare, Ireland. The school was founded by the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in 1814, and featured prominently in James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. One of five Jesuit schools in Ireland, it had 450 students in 2019. The school's current headmaster is Chris Lumb (2015–present). He is the first lay headmaster of Clongowes in its over 200-year history. Leonard Maloney was the previous headmaster (2004–2015) Michael Sheil retired as headmaster in 2006 and Bruce Bradley (headmaster 1992–2000) washis successor. In September 2011 Michael Sheil returned as rector. School The school is a secondary boarding school for boys from Ireland and other parts of the world. The school is divided into three groups, known as "lines". The Third Line is for first and second year students, the Lower Line for third and fourth years, and the Higher Line for fifth and sixth years. Each year is known by a name, drawn from the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum: Elements (first year), Rudiments (second), Grammar (third), Syntax (fourth), Poetry (fifth), and Rhetoric (sixth). Buildings The medieval castle was originally built inNoel Purcell, Irish rugby union player, Irish & GB water polo Olympian, the first man to have represented two countries at the Olympics Patrick Quinlan, Australian cricketer and lawyer Arthur Robinson, Irish first-class cricketer Partner schools Aloisiuskolleg, Jesuit boarding school in Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Germany Collegium Augustinianum Gaesdonck, boarding school in Goch, Germany Kolleg St. Blasien, Jesuit boarding school in St. Blasien, Germany Portora Royal School, voluntary grammar school in Enniskillen, Co. Fermanagh Saint Ignatius' College, Riverview, Jesuit boarding school in Sydney, Australia Passy-Buzenval, Catholic private school, Paris, France St Joseph's College, Hunters Hill, Marist Brothers boarding school in Sydney, Australia ### Assistant:
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### User: Matheus Leite Nascimento (born 15 January 1983), known simply as Matheus, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Chinese club Shijiazhuang Ever Bright F.C. as a forward. He spent most of his professional career in Portugal with Braga and in Ukraine with Dnipro, winning the 2013 League Cup with the first club and appearing in 154 competitive games with the second (48 goals). Club career Early years / Braga Matheus was born in Ribeirópolis, Sergipe. After starting professionally with lowly Associação Olímpica de Itabaiana, he moved to Portugal in the summer of 2005, with second division team F.C. Marco. InJanuary of the following year, however, he was bought by Primeira Liga's S.C. Braga, making four appearances in his first season. During the year 2007, encompassing both the 2006–07 and 2007–08 campaigns, Matheus served two loans: in January 2007 he joined S.C. Beira-Mar, appearing from August–December with Vitória de Setúbal and being subsequently recalled by his parent club. In 2009–10, Matheus appeared in all 30 league matches – but rarely as a starter – as Braga finished in a best-ever second place behind S.L. Benfica. He contributed with five goals, in 1,142 minutes of action. Matheus started the following seasonthe second leg in Andalusia, in a 4–3 win (5–3 on aggregate). Dnipro On 23 November 2010, Matheus scored twice in the dying minutes of the 2–0 Champions League home win against Arsenal, although Braga would eventually fail to reach the knockout stages of the competition, finishing third in their group. In January 2011, the 28-year-old left and signed for FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk in Ukraine, for €1 million. Matheus finished his first full season at Dnipro with seven goals from 23 appearances, helping his team to the fourth position. On 15 April 2014, he netted four goals in their 5–1fell through and he moved to Shijiazhuang Ever Bright F.C. instead. International career In March 2013, after more than two years of living in the country, Matheus indicated that he would be likely to accept a call-up for the Ukrainian national team if asked. Career statistics . Honours Braga UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2008 UEFA Europa League: Runner-up 2010–11 Dnipro UEFA Europa League: Runner-up 2014–15 Individual China League One: Most Valuable Player 2017 References External links Brazilian FA database Official website Category:1983 births Category:Living people Category:People from Sergipe Category:Brazilian footballers Category:Association football forwards Category:Primeira Liga players Category:LigaPro players Category:F.C. Marco players ### Assistant:
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### User: A speed demon is one who goes fast. Speed Demon may also refer to: Culture Fictional entities Speed Demon (comics), a supervillain in Marvel Comics Speed Demon (Amalgam Comics) Music "Speed Demon" (song), a 1989 song by Michael Jackson, from the album Bad "Speed Demon", a song by American band P.O.D. from their album The Awakening "Speed Demon", a song from U.D.O.'s 2009 album ''Dominator "Speed Demon", 2018 song by Greek musician Yanni Films Speed Demon (1932 film), a 1932 Western film, directed by D. Ross Lederman Speed Demon (2003 film), a 2003 homoerotic horror film, directed by David Decoteau ### Assistant:
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### User: Blues Up & Down is an album by saxophonists Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis and Johnny Griffin recorded in 1961 and released on the Jazzland label. Reception The Allmusic site awarded the album 3 stars. Track listing All compositions by Johnny Griffin except as indicated "Camp Meeting" - 5:26 "Blues Up and Down" (Gene Ammons, Sonny Stitt) - 5:03 "Nice and Easy" - 7:25 "Oh, Gee" (Matthew Gee) - 3:51 "Walkin'" (Richard Carpenter) - 6:56 "Leapin' On Lenox" (Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis) - 4:35 "Layin' On Mellow" (Griffin, Davis) - 4:48 Personnel Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, Johnny Griffin - tenor saxophone Lloyd Mayers - ### Assistant:
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### User: Václav Vaško (26 April 1921 – 20 May 2009) was a Czech diplomat, human rights activist, author of books dealing with the history of the Catholic Church during the Soviet occupation and communist dictatorship, and a former political prisoner of the communist regime. He was awarded the Medal of Merit by President Václav Havel on 28 October 1998. He was a founding signatory of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism. Works Neumlčená (a chronicle of the Catholic Church in Czechoslovakia during the communist dictatorship, written in the 1980s, published in 1990 in two volumes) Kardinál Tomášek (1994, co-authored ### Assistant:
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### User: Pleonotoma is a genus of tropical, flowering lianas located in the Trumpet-creeper family. Species Pleonotoma albiflora (Salzm. ex DC.) A.H.Gentry Pleonotoma bracteate A.H.Gentry Pleonotoma castelnaei (Bureau) Sandwith Pleonotoma clematis (Kunth) Miers Pleonotoma dendrotricha Sandwith Pleonotoma dispar Kraenzl. Pleonotoma echitidea Sprague & Sandwith Pleonotoma exserta A.H.Gentry Pleonotoma fissicalyx B.M.Gomes & Proença Pleonotoma fluminensis (Vell.) A.H.Gentry Pleonotoma fomosum Bureau Pleonotoma jasminifolia (Kunth) Miers Pleonotoma longiflora B.M.Gomes & Proença Pleonotoma macrotis Kraenzl. Pleonotoma melioides (S.Moore) A.H.Gentry Pleonotoma orientalis Sandwith Pleonotoma pavettiflora Sandwith Pleonotoma stichadenia K.Schum. Pleonotoma stichadenium K. Schum. Pleonotoma tetraquetra (Cham.) Bureau Pleonotoma tetraquetrum Bureau Pleonotoma variabilis (Jacq.) Miers References See also ### Assistant:
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### User: Sarah Louisa Forten Purvis (1814–1883) was a poet and abolitionist. Biography Purvis née Forten was born in 1814 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was one of the "The Forten Sisters" consisting of three of the daughters of James Forten: Sarah, Harriet Forten Purvis (1810–1875), and Margaretta Forten (1808–1875). The sisters, along with their mother, Charlotte Vandine Forten, formed the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society in 1833. Sarah was a poet. She used two pen names, "Ada" and "Magawisca" as well as her own name. She is credited with writing "The Grave of the Slave" which was published in 1831 in the abolitionistnewspaper the Liberator. That poem was subsequently set to music by Frank Johnson. The song was often used as an anthem at antislavery gatherings. She is also credited with writing "An Appeal to Woman," published in the Liberator in 1834. In 1838 Sarah married Joseph Purvis with whom she had eight children. Joseph Purvis was the brother of Robert Purvis, who was the husband of Sarah's sister Harriet. She died in 1883. Misattribution of some works The pen name "Ada" was taken up by another poet, Eliza Earle Hacker (1807–1846), a Quaker abolitionist from Rhode Island. A case has been ### Assistant:
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### User: The East Siberian Railway () is a railway in Russia (a branch of the Russian Railways and a part of the Trans-Siberian Railway), which runs across Irkutsk Oblast, Chita Oblast, Buryatia, and Yakutia. The railway administration is located in Irkutsk. The East Siberian Railway borders with the Krasnoyarsk Railway (railway station of Yurty), Trans-Baikal Railway (railway station of Petrovsky Zavod), and Baikal Amur Mainline (railway station of Lena-Vostochnaya). To the south, the East Siberian Railway runs close to the Russo-Mongolian border (railway station of Naushki). As of 2008, the total working length of the East Siberian Railway was ; numberof employees – 46,233 (61,418 in 2005); net weight hauled – 76 million tonnes (75.934 million in 2005); long-distance passenger traffic – 3.6 million people (4.838 million in 2005); suburban traffic – 29 million people (26.225 million in 2005). Annual cargo turnover is 278 million tonnes. The East Siberian Railway consists of four divisions, namely the Irkutsk Railway Division, Severobaikalsk Railway Division, Taishet Railway Division, and Ulan-Ude Railway Division. The railway connects the regions of East Siberia, Transbaikal, and Russian Far East with the rest of the railroad network nationwide. The East Siberian Railway services major industrial areas of ironore and coal mining, oil refining, logging and wood processing, companies and factories in energy, chemical, machine building and machine-tool industries, nonferrous metallurgy, etc. In addition, the railway services agricultural grain-producing and cattle-breeding regions. The biggest points of cargo departure and arrival are Cheremkhovo, Korshunikha, Kitoy-Kombinatskaya, Sukhovskaya, Irkutsk-Sortirovochniy, Ulan-Ude, Lena, and Bratsk. Construction history The idea of building a railway across sparsely populated and almost unexplored areas of East Siberia was first expressed in the 1870s-1880s. The need for constructing a railway line became particularly evident after the completion of the Ural Railway from Yekaterinburg to Tyumen in 1884. In1887, three expeditions were organised to explore the route for the future Trans-Siberian Railway. In May 1893, the Committee for the Construction of the Siberian Railway was created. The construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway was launched simultaneously from its two extremities, namely Vladivostok and Chelyabinsk. By 1895, the construction of the section of railway from Chelyabinsk to the railway station of Ob near the small settlement of Novonikolaevsky (today's Novosibirsk) was complete. On December 6, 1895 the first train arrived at Krasnoyarsk, which would become a starting point for the construction of the East Siberian Railway towards Irkutsk and throughNizhneudinsk (the first train arrived on December 9, 1897) towards Tulun. In 1897, the construction of the Irkutsk - Baikalsky and Mysovaya – Sretensk sections was under way. Railway stations were built along almost the whole of the railway. In 1898 the construction of the Tulun-Irkutsk section was finished. In 1900 the Transbaikal sections from Mysovaya to Sretensk and from Irkutsk to the Baikal railway station were completed. The Circum-Baikal section (between the railway stations Mysovaya and Baikal) of the East Siberian Railway was under construction until 1905, opening non-stop train traffic along the whole railway when construction ended. Atcontinued its increase along with the reconstruction of transportation facilities and introduction of new technology. In 1948, the East Siberian Railway reached its pre-war loading and cargo-turnover level. In 1958, they commissioned the new Taishet-Bratsk-Lena railway, which connected the basins of the Angara and Lena Rivers with the rest of the Siberian railroad network, providing immediate access to mineral deposits in the Angara basin (e.g. the Korshunovskoye iron ore deposit) and abundant logging regions and ensuring an uninterrupted supply of cargo to the northern areas of Irkutsk Oblast and Yakutia. At the end of 1965, a long Abakan-Taishet section ofchemical, and machine-building industries. Imported goods usually consist of metals, construction materials, petroleum products, the products of the machine building, light and food industries, also partially of grain shipments. Exports consist of timber, oil, iron ore, aluminium and coal. Locally, the railway mostly transports construction goods, coal, timber, petroleum and agricultural produce. The East Siberian Railway was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour in 1976. Engineering During the construction of several sections of the East Siberian Railway, various scientific and technical achievements were widely used. The railway essentially became a test site for alternating current electrification. Theyis that no other railway in the world has as many man-made objects, namely 40 tunnels, 16 avalanche galleries, 470 overpasses, bridges, and pipe culverts, some 280 protecting walls, let alone various buildings at different railway stations. The Circum-Baikal Railway is also known as the "golden buckle of the steel belt" (the Trans-Siberian Railway being the "steel belt") because the construction of the greatest Russian railway was finished on the shores of Lake Baikal. In December 2003, the Severomuysky Tunnel on the Baikal-Amur Mainline (a section of the East Siberian Railway) was commissioned, the longest tunnel in Russia and the ### Assistant:
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### User: Eye on Juliet is a Canadian drama film, directed by Kim Nguyen and released in 2017. The film had its world premiere in the Venice Days program of the 74th Venice International Film Festival, and its North American premiere at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. The film stars Joe Cole as Gordon, an oil pipeline supervisor who works through a robotic hexapod. Gordon's job is complicated when he becomes fascinated by Ayusha (Lina El Arabi), a young woman he glimpses one day through the drone's camera. Plot The film stars Joe Cole as Gordon, an oil pipeline supervisor in ### Assistant:
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### User: Patricia Margot McClain (born May 3, 1954 in Long Beach, California) is an American model. She was Playboy magazine's Playmate of the Month for its May 1976 issue. Her centerfold was photographed by Ken Marcus. In 1996, McClain's firing from her office manager job at a pest extermination company made national news. When she was first hired, she disclosed her playmate past to her employers and was told to keep quiet about it to her co-workers due to the company's sexual harassment policy. She was fired one month after Playboy published the book, Playboy Magazine: Five Decades of Centerfolds. Her ### Assistant:
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### User: The Main Directorate for Reconnaissance (, HV A) was the foreign intelligence service of the Ministry of State Security (Stasi), the main security agency of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), from 1955 to 1990. The HV A was an integral part of the Stasi, responsible for operations outside of East Germany such as espionage, active measures, foreign intelligence gathering, and counterintelligence against NATO-aligned countries and their intelligence agencies. The Stasi was disbanded in January 1990 and the HV A's mode of operation was revealed to the public, including its internal structure, methods, and employees. The HV A became thesubject of broad interest and intensive research under the responsibilities of the Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records. The HV A is regarded by some as the most effective foreign intelligence service during the Cold War. History Predecessors In 1951, the Außenpolitischer Nachrichtendienst (Foreign Intelligence Service) (APN) was founded, under the leadership of Anton Ackermann, disguised as the Institut für wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Forschung (IPW) (Institute for Economic Research). According to Markus Wolf, eight Germans and four Soviet "advisers" were present at the founding on 1 September 1951 in Bohnsdorf in the borough of Treptow-Köpenick. The APN was subordinated to the GDRForeign Ministry. The first leader was Ackermann, his deputy was Richard Stahlmann. The head of the "advisers" was the KGB officer Andrei Grauer, who, according to Wolf, had been personally assigned by Stalin to this "reconstruction aid." In 1952, the APN College (the later HV A College) came into being, where agents known as "scouts for peace" (Kundschafter des Friedens) in Stasi jargon were prepared for operations in Western countries. Toward the end of the year, Ackermann petitioned the ruling party's Politburo to replace him, and Walter Ulbricht assumed direct control of the APN. 1952–1970s The spies formed a conspiratorialthe Stasi similar to that enjoyed by the First Chief Directorate within the KGB or the Directorate of Operations within the CIA. The HV A had its own budget and its own enterprises, which not only provided cover employment for its operatives, but also contributed finances from their business activities to the upkeep of the service. The Main Directorate also handled its own counterintelligence. This was an exclusive prerogative of the Stasi within the German Democratic Republic, but while the Main Division I handled this mission within the National People's Army and the Border Troops, the Main Division VII handledGeyer – Deputy Chief of the HV A (since 1977) and Chief of Staff (since 1982), Generalmajor (since 1985) Staff of the HV A (Stab der HV A) Work Group XV / BV (Arbeitsgruppe XV / BV) – coordination center for the Divisions XV (the district departments (BezirksVerwaltungen, hence BV) of the Stasi also fielded intelligence departments. They carried the designation Division XV and were coordinated by this work group). Before expanding to the status of an autonomous super-department (the HV A as a whole) the external intelligence department of the Stasi was called Division XV, so the territorial units(since 1989) Division A IV (Abteilung A IV) – military intelligence in the Federal Republic of Germany. The Ministry of National Defence had its own intelligence service, which changed its name several times. In its final reiteration before the end of East Germany its official name was the Intelligence Sector (Bereich Aufklärung). The Ministry for State Secirity also had its own division for military intelligence. Naturally both had West Germany as their main focus. In order to avoid mutual interference they have introduced a separation of their areas of operations. The Intelligence Sector concentrated on the operational side of intel– data about operational plans, manpower and day-to-day operational readiness of the weapons and equipment of the Bundeswehr. The Stasi's (and more precisely the HV A's) Division A IV concentrated on the political and longer term side of intelligence gathering. It operated on military matters in the West German political parties, the Federal Ministry of Defence, the Weaponry Technical Administration (WTD), the administrative departments of the various armed services, research and development establishments, weapons and equipment manufacturers and future weapon acquisitions. Nevertheless overlapping between the two was not uncommon. Division A XI (Abteilung A XI) – Intelligence in North Americaof the Socialist Unity Party organs in the Stasi (since 1979), Generalmajor (since 1979) Leadership Sections VII, IX, X and task force S were directly subordinated to the head of the HV A, Colonel General Werner Großmann. His predecessor was Colonel General Markus Wolf, who led the HV A over 34 years until 1986 and was held in high professional regard in the intelligence community. The head of the HV A had five deputies. In the last case, these were Major Generals Horst Vogel (1. Deputy), Heinz Geyer (Chief of Staff), Heinrich Tauchert and Werner Prosetzky as well as Colonelof State Security. A high degree of personal engagement, flexibility, performance, and primarily absolute loyalty to the SED was expected of them. Qualified employees of other Stasi departments, such as those with secondary educational degrees, knowledge of foreign languages, etc., could, as a reward for "remarkable achievements", be transferred to the HV A as needed, which was akin to a decoration. On the other hand, HV A personnel could, due to inadequate performance or following an investigation, be transferred to other departments of the Stasi, practically constituting a demotion. Unofficial and other employees The full-time staff of the HV Awere complemented by more than 10,000 "unofficial collaborators" or "unofficial employees", the so-called IMs (Inoffizieller Mitarbeiter). These were primarily GDR citizens with permission to travel to the West (the Reisekader; conversely, only a fraction of those with travel permission were IMs), residents of East Germany who were related to "functionally interesting" target persons in the West, couriers and instructors, but also thousands of residents of West Germany and West Berlin, partly in exposed positions in society. The HV A was particularly interested in recruiting Western students who were visiting the GDR. These were young academics who were suitable for leadershiproles and therefore particularly predestined for confidential information; they were developed over decades at a high financial and personnel cost, with the goal of placing them in high positions in the state and the economy, through which they gained access to secret information. A famous example of such a recruitment operation was Gabriele Gast, who committed herself in 1968 as a student and rose to the rank of Regierungsdirektorin (Government Director) in the Bundesnachrichtendienst (Federal Intelligence Service), the foreign intelligence agency of West Germany. As a high-level source, she was led by Markus Wolf personally. The actual sources of espionageoperations in the West were not necessarily registered as IMs with the HV A (or the Ministry of State Security). In many cases, they were noted as Kontaktpersonen (KP) (contact persons), which reveals little about the degree of cooperation with the intelligence service. Headquarters The HV A's predecessor, the APN (Außenpolitischer Nachrichtendienst: Foreign Intelligence Service) resided in the early 1950s first in Pankow, then at the Rolandufer in Mitte. The headquarters of the HV A was situated since the mid- to late 1950s in the building complex of the Stasi's headquarters in the Berlin borough of Lichtenberg. After completion ofhis tenure (1986) the yearly financial resources of the HV A for operational purposes stood at 17 million East German mark and 13.5 million Deutsche Mark. It was not possible to conclusively refute or verify this statement. In individual HV A sections, there existed "black cash boxes" under the responsibility of the section or department head. Considerably greater amounts were made available for the secret procurement of equipment for section A VIII ("Operational Technology and Radio Communications") and for other recipients in the Stasi, the National People's Army or the East German economy; this money generally came from the Division ### Assistant:
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### User: David Kinley (2 August 1861 – 3 December 1944) was a Scotland-born economist who worked in the United States. He was head of the department of economics of the University of Illinois and later president of the University. As an economist, he was of the classical school, and his main interest was in money and banking. Administration gradually took up most of his time as his career progressed. Biography Kinley was born in Dundee, Scotland. He emigrated to the United States with his family in 1872. He received his early education at Phillips Andover Academy in Andover, Massachusetts and fromthere went to Yale University where he graduated in 1884. He then became principal of North Andover High School for six years. In 1890, he left to do graduate work at Johns Hopkins University, primarily under Richard Ely. He accompanied Ely to the University of Wisconsin where he received his Ph.D. in 1893. That same year, he became assistant professor of economics at the University of Illinois. In 1894, he was appointed full professor, head of the department of economics and dean of the college of literature and arts. Later he became dean of the graduate school. He was headof the department of economics until 1915. Along with his responsibilities as dean, he directed the "Training for Business" courses which he organized into a college of commerce and business administration. He became vice-president of the University of Illinois, then acting president, and finally, in 1920, president. He served with the Illinois Industrial Insurance Company (1906-7) and the Illinois Tax Commission (1910 and 1930). He was an envoy on the governments behalf to various international conferences, and was a member of numerous committees. As a classical economist, in his presidential address of 1914 before the American Economic Association he expressedhis concern that once government involved itself in attempting to control economic activity, the ruling classes would move to other spheres of human endeavor, religion and politics for example. Writings His publications include The Independent Treasury of the United States, his doctoral dissertation (1893), and a report to the Comptroller of the Currency on The Use of Credit Paper in Our Currency, published in the Report of the Comptroller for the year 1896. In 1904, he wrote "Money". Following the Panic of 1907, he continued his work for the Comptroller with two monographs prepared at the request of a nationalmonetary commission: "The Independent Treasury of the United States and Its Relation to the Banks of the Country" and "The Use of Credit Instruments in Payments in the United States." Family He married Kate Ruth Neal in 1897. She died in 1931 in Hong Kong while accompanying Kinley on a professional trip. Notes References External links Category:1861 births Category:1944 deaths Category:Phillips Academy alumni Category:American economists Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni Category:University of Illinois faculty Category:Yale University alumni Category:Johns Hopkins University alumni Category:Scottish emigrants to the United States Category:People from Dundee Category:Presidents of the American Economic Association Category:Leaders of the University of ### Assistant:
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### User: Myrmoxenus is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. The genus was synonymized under Temnothorax by Ward et al. (2015), but the change was not accepted by Heinze et al. (2015) due to insufficient available data. Species Myrmoxenus adlerzi (Douwes, Jessen & Buschinger, 1988) Myrmoxenus africana (Bernard, 1948) Myrmoxenus algeriana (Cagniant, 1968) Myrmoxenus bernardi (Espadaler, 1982) Myrmoxenus birgitae (Schulz, 1994) Myrmoxenus corsica (Emery, 1895) Myrmoxenus gordiagini Ruzsky, 1902 Myrmoxenus kraussei (Emery, 1915) Myrmoxenus ravouxi (André, 1896) Ravoux's slavemaker ant Myrmoxenus stumperi (Kutter, 1950) Myrmoxenus tamarae (Arnol'di, 1968) Myrmoxenus zaleskyi (Sadil, 1953) References External links Category:Myrmicinae Category:Ant genera Category:Taxonomy articles ### Assistant:
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### User: The Naughty Nineties is a 1945 film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. It is notable for containing a filmed version of the duo's "Who's on First?" routine. This version is shown at the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown. Plot The time is the 1890s. Captain Sam (Henry Travers), owner of the showboat River Queen, travels along the Mississippi River bringing honest entertainment to each town. At a stop in Ironville, he meets Crawford (Alan Curtis), Bonita (Rita Johnson), and Bailey (Joe Sawyer), who are wanted by the local sheriff. Against the advice ofhis daughter Caroline (Lois Collier), his lead actor Dexter Broadhurst (Bud Abbott), and his chief roustabout Sebastian Dinwiddle (Lou Costello), the Captain joins them for a card game at a local gambling house. The Captain is plied with alcohol until he is intoxicated and gets involved in a crooked card game where he loses controlling interest in the show boat to Bonita and Crawford. They turn the showboat into a floating gambling casino with every game rigged in their favor. Dexter and Sebastian help the captain regain ownership of his vessel and oust the unwanted criminals. Famous routines Who's onFirst? The line, "Who's on First?", was ranked No. 91 on American Film Institute's 100 Movie Quotes. The "Who's on First?" routine was intended to appear much earlier in the film. Costello begins the routine by saying, "When we get to St. Louis...", but at this point in the film they are already in St. Louis. The camera crew can be heard laughing in the background during the routine. Other routines The film also contains the "Lower/Higher" routine, where Costello auditions as a singer while Abbott shouts directions to the stage crew to change the height and placement of theold vaudeville routine were done by several movie comedians, most famously in the 1933 Marx Brothers film, Duck Soup. Abbott and Costello had used it before, too, in Lost in a Harem. To break up the crooked card game and rescue Captain Sam, Abbott concocts a plan to dress as a bear and scare everyone out of the casino. Costello ends up wrestling with a real bear, thinking that he's wrestling Abbott in a bear suit. Production Filming occurred from January 15, 1945 through March 1, 1945. On May 13, 1945, during filming of their next film, Abbott and Costelloin Hollywood for MGM Pictures, Abbott and Costello returned to Universal for re-shoots on this film. The riverboat used was originally constructed for the 1936 Universal musical Show Boat. Rerelease It was re-released in 1950 along with One Night in the Tropics, which also contained a shorter version of the "Who's on First?" routine. Home media This film has been released twice on DVD. The first time, on The Best of Abbott and Costello Volume Two, on May 4, 2004, and again on October 28, 2008 as part of Abbott and Costello: The Complete Universal Pictures Collection. References External links ### Assistant:
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### User: Michael Stuart Gottlieb (born 1947) is an American physician and immunologist known for his 1981 identification of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a new disease, and for his HIV/AIDS research, HIV/AIDS activism, and philanthropic efforts associated with HIV/AIDS treatment. Biography A native of Highland Park, New Jersey, he graduated from the Rutgers Preparatory School (1965) and Rutgers University (1969). He graduated from the University of Rochester School of Medicine (1973) and trained in internal medicine at Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester, New York. Following a fellowship in immunology at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, in 1980 Gottlieb acceptedfirst description of the CD-4 T cell deficiency which is the immunologic hallmark of HIV infection. The work of Gottlieb and others suggested that these patients had an acquired immunodeficiency, characterized by depressed T-lymphocyte numbers and function, allowing for potentially fatal opportunistic infections. Initially, the researchers termed the disease Gay-Related Immune Deficiency (GRID); in 1982 this syndrome became known as AIDS, a consequence of infection by Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Physician Joel Weisman was one of Gottlieb's early collaborators in the identification of AIDS. Weisman's practice treated a large number of gay men, some of whom were among the firstidentified AIDS patients. Gottlieb was Rock Hudson's doctor following the actor's AIDS diagnosis until his death in 1985. He was also physician to the late Elizabeth Glaser, co-founder of the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF). In 1987 he resigned from the full-time UCLA faculty, and established a private practice of internal medicine and clinical immunology. In the period 1981-1987 he published 50+ papers on various aspects of HIV infection and treatment. He was an investigator on the early clinical trials of AZT that led to approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1987. Gottlieb was theMedical Board of California for "allegedly over-prescribing controlled substances" to actress Elizabeth Taylor. He attempted to dispute the Letter of Reprimand; his attorney's request was rejected by the Board. In 1997, Gottlieb was inducted into the Rutgers University Hall of Distinguished Alumni, and in 2007, he was awarded the Charles Force Hutchison and Marjorie Smith Hutchison Medal by the University of Rochester. In 2019, he joined the APLA Health medical team. References Further reading Category:1947 births Category:Living people Category:Jewish American philanthropists Category:People from Highland Park, New Jersey Category:American immunologists Category:People from Los Angeles Category:University of Rochester alumni Category:HIV/AIDS researchers Category:Date ### Assistant:
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### User: Joseph Cupitt (25 September 1867 — 6 May 1932) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Derbyshire in 1905. Cupitt was born in Barrow Hill, Derbyshire, the son of Thomas Cupitt, a coal miner, and his wife Susannah. Cupitt himself became a miner. He played for Derbyshire in the 1892 season and in the 1893 season when the club was outside the championship. Twelve years later in the 1905 season he made his first-class debut, against Essex in May. He took one wicket in the match, that of future Test cricketer Claude Buckenham, though Derbyshire lost the matchby an innings margin, in part thanks to a first-class best 277 runs from Charlie McGahey. His second and final first-class appearance came the following month, against Northamptonshire, against whom, he took two wickets but scored just a single run in two innings. Cupitt was a left-arm medium-pace bowler and took three first-class wickets at an average of 48.33 and a best performance of 2 for 24. He batted in four innings in two first-class matches at an average of 9.5 and a top score of 13. Cupitt died in South Kirkby, Yorkshire at the age of 64. References Category:1867 ### Assistant:
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### User: The Olympic Park (French: Parc olympique) is a district in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, which was home to many of the venues from the 1976 Summer Olympics. It is bound by Sherbrooke Street to the west, Viau Street to the north, Pierre de Coubertin Avenue to the east, and Pie-IX Boulevard to the south. Structures in the district include the: Olympic Stadium Biodome (Originally the Olympic Velodrome) Olympic Athletes' Village Maurice Richard Arena (Olympic host of boxing and wrestling events) Pierre Charbonneau Centre (Olympic host of wrestling) Olympic Pool (Olympic host of swimming events) Additionally: Saputo Stadium, Famous Players' Starcité theater, ### Assistant:
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### User: Nangpai Gosum Glacier is a glacier located 25 km west northwest of Mount Everest in the Himalayas of Nepal. It is located at lat 28°02′N., long 86°36′E. The ice-core drilling site is situated at 5,700 m above mean sea level. In 1998, a 37-m ice core was extracted from the glacier by Cameron P. Wake of the University of New Hampshire and transported to the university for analysis. At the request of the USGS study team, radionuclide analyses were performed for 36Cl and 137Cs on selected sections of the ice core by Hans-Arno Synal at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) ### Assistant:
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### User: Nevo Zisin is a non-binary Australian writer and transgender rights activist. Assigned female at birth, Zisin initially came out as a lesbian at the age of 15, became a queer activist, and appeared in a documentary about gay teens, Love in Full Colour. Zisin struggled with anxiety and depression while striving to fit in at school. At the age of 17, Zisin began transitioning to male. The teachers at Zisin's private Jewish school were supportive of the transition. Zisin started testosterone therapy in January 2014 during a gap year trip to Israel. Later, they came to identify as non-binary, andprefer gender-neutral singular they pronouns. Zisin was featured in a teaching guide produced by Safe Schools Coalition Australia. They were targeted for this by the Australian Christian Lobby, and falsely accused of promoting sex reassignment surgery for minors without parental consent. In May 2017, Zisin published a book about their gender transition and other life experiences, Finding Nevo: How I Confused Everyone. The Canberra Times described the book as "impactful" and "an enriching, worthwhile read for everyone". The Brisbane Times said that the book "leaves the reader with a deeper understanding of the arbitrariness of binary gender divisions and how ### Assistant:
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### User: Crown of Shadows is a fantasy novel by American writer C.S. Friedman, first published in 1995. It is part of the Coldfire Trilogy. Plot summary Damien and Tarrant return to the west and Jaggonath, where they agree to work together long enough to kill Calesta. Damien discovers that the Patriarch of the Church, who is firmly against sorcery, is actually an Adept himself. Tarrant further strains relations with the Unnamed by revealing this fact to the Patriarch, and is dragged off to Hell for his pains. Damien convinces another Iezu, Karril, to lead him through Tarrant's personal Hell to the ### Assistant:
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### User: Mary Borden (May 15, 1886, Chicago – December 2, 1968) (married names: Mary Turner; Mary Spears, Lady Spears; pseud. Bridget Maclagan) was an Anglo-American novelist and poet whose work drew on her experiences as a war nurse. She was the second of the three children of William Borden (d. 1904), who had made a fortune in Colorado silver mining in the late 1870s. Family background and early life Mary Borden—known as May to her friends and family—was born into a wealthy Chicago family. (Her brother, William Whiting Borden, became well known in conservative Christian circles for his evangelistic zeal andearly death while preparing to become a missionary.) Mary attended Vassar College, graduating with a BA in 1907. On a tour of the Far East, she met and married Scottish missionary George Douglas Turner, with whom she had three daughters; Joyce (born 1909), Comfort (born 1910) and Mary (born 1914). In 1913, she and Turner moved to England where Borden joined the Suffragette movement. She was arrested during a demonstration in Parliament Square for throwing a stone through the window of His Majesty's Treasury. She spent five days in police cells until bailed by her husband. World War I andof passionate energy and compassion. Their style is reminiscent of Walt Whitman who also tended to the wounded on the battlefield, in his case during the American Civil War. She wrote a number of other poems about the war and also about her affair with Spears which were not published in book form until 2015, one hundred years after they were written. Mary Borden, Poems of Love and War, edited by Paul O'Prey, was published in London by Dare-Gale Press, distributed by the University of Chicago Press in the US. Her war poems were slow to be recognised but nowmemoirs of Hermione, Countess of Ranfurly, To War with Whitaker. Later life In her later life, she often returned to the United States and assisted her nephew-in-law Adlai Stevenson II in his run for the presidency, even writing some of his speeches. Centenary of the First World War Armistice In November 2018 the Tower of London created an installation to commemorate the centenary of the ending of the First World War, called Beyond the Deepening Shadow: The Tower Remembers. This saw the moat filled with thousands of tiny flames and a soundscape composed by Mira Calix which is a choralYou, the Jury (1952) Poems of Love and War (2015) Footnotes Further reading Everett F. Bleile, The Checklist of Fantastic Literature. Chicago: Shasta Publishers, 1948; pg. 56.w Jane Conway, A Woman of Two Wars: The Life of Mary Borden Munday Books, 2010. Hazel Hutchinson, The War That Used Up Words: American Writers and the First World War. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015. Wyndham Lewis, Blasting and Bombardiering. 1937. Paul O'Prey (ed.), Mary Borden, Poems of Love and War. Dare-Gale Press, 2015. Max Wyndham, Under Two Flags: Life of Major General Sir Edward Spears. 1997. External links Review of ### Assistant:
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### User: Leonard George Koenecke (January 18, 1904 in Baraboo, Wisconsin, USA – September 17, 1935 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada) was an American baseball player who played Major League Baseball for the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants. He died of a blow to the head at the hands of the pilot and a passenger of a plane of which he had seized control. Early life Koenecke was the son of a locomotive engineer and had worked as a fireman for the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad. Minor league career Koenecke made his professional debut for the Moline Plowboys in the Mississippidrank a quart of whiskey and became very drunk. After Koenecke had harassed other passengers and struck a stewardess, the pilot had to sit on him to restrain him as he was shackled to his seat. He was removed unconscious from the flight in Detroit. After sleeping on a chair in the airport, he chartered a flight to Toronto in the hopes of rejoining the Bisons. While flying over Canada, he had a disagreement with the pilot and a passenger, and attempted to take control of the aircraft. In order to avoid a crash, Koenecke was hit over the headwith a fire extinguisher by both the pilot, who had left his controls, and the other passenger. After an emergency landing at Long Branch Racetrack in Toronto, it was found that Koenecke had died of a cerebral hemorrhage. The two men were charged with manslaughter but were found not liable by a coroner's jury soon after. He was buried in Mount Repose Cemetery at Friendship, Wisconsin. In popular culture Koenecke's death was referenced in season 5, episode 7 of the animated TV series Archer, "Smuggler's Blues". See also List of baseball players who died during their careers References External links ### Assistant:
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### User: Julia Scher (born 1954, Hollywood) is an American artist who works primarily with themes of surveillance. She uses a variety of mediums and is most known for her installation art and performance art works. Her work addresses issues of control and seduction. Life and work Julia Scher was born in Hollywood 1954 as the daughter of a traveling salesman and a department store employee and grew up in Van Nuys, San Fernando Valley. In 1975 she received a B.A. in Painting/Sculpture/Graphic Arts from U.C.L.A., and a 1984 M.F.A. in Studio Arts, from the University of Minnesota. The title of herthesis was American Landscape. Her first video art piece about women in security was Safe & Secure in Minnesota in 1987. While her studio was based in Venice Beach Scher's work was influenced by "light and space" artists, like Larry Bell and Chris Burden, Robert Graham, Lynda Benglis. She did several sideline jobs to make a living and established her own company called "Safe and Secure Productions", installing security and surveillance equipment. At the same time Scher started using security cameras for her artwork. During the 1990s she was living and working in New York and Boston. In 1996 JuliaScher taught the first Surveillance Studies class in the United States at the Massachusetts College of Art, Boston. She received a fellowship at Harvard University/Radcliffe Bunting Institute for the field Surveillance Studies 1996-1997 and has been teaching in the Visual Arts Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1997 - 2001 and 2005 - 2006. She has also lectured at a number of institutions including The Cooper Union for Art and Science, Hartford University Art School, U.C.L.A., U.S.C, Harvard University, Columbia University, The Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, and Rutgers University. Since 2006 Julia Scher holds the professorshipfor Multimedia and Performance / Surveillant Architectures at the Academy of Media Arts Cologne (Kunsthochschule fuer Medien Koeln). Artwork Inspired by the French philosopher Michel Foucault and the sociologist Gary T. Marx, Julia Scher's work focuses on the subjects surveillance and cyber-sphere. Aiming at the exposure of dangers and ideologies of monitoring systems, Scher creates temporary and transitory web/installation/performance works that explore issues of power, control and seduction. In the last 20 years, her research has explored social control dynamics in public space. The art projects have taken the form of interactive installations, reformulated surveillance, site tours, interventions, performances, photography,writing, net.art, linear video, and sound. Since 1988, Scher has produced a series of installations called Security by Julia. These have taken different forms but often involve a person wearing a security uniform and an invitation to the viewer to actively participate in surveillance culture. Other variations of the installations have included soothing voices and baby blankets. Securityland and Wonderland are elaborate online projects Julia Scher has created with äda ‘web, launched in 1995 and 1997, respectively; they were preceded by an introductory trailer titled Danger Dirty Data in 1995. Scher offers various areas for user exploration, many of whichArte, Reina Sofia, Madrid, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Museé d’art Moderne, Paris, Künstlerhaus, Stuttgart, Kölnischer Kunstverein, Köln, the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London and the MoMA PS1, New York. Notes Sources Brian Wallis, Andrew Hultkrans, Avital Ronell, and Bill Horrigan (2002). Always There, Lukas & Sternberg Publishers. Scher, Julia (2002). Tell Me When You're Ready, Works 1990-1995, introduction by Anna Indych, PFM publishers. . Frohne, Ursula, Levin, Tom, Weibel, Peter (2002). Ctrl_Space. Rhetorics of Surveillance from Bentham to Big Brother. ZKM Karlsruhe, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. pp. 286–291. . External links Esther Schipper Gallery Berlin ### Assistant:
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### User: Frank Zappa Meets the Mothers of Prevention is a 1985 album by Frank Zappa. The album was originally released in two slightly different versions in the US and Europe. The album's title is a reference to the lobby group, the PMRC, who were campaigning to require record companies to put warning stickers on albums they considered offensive, and to Zappa's former band, the Mothers of Invention. Release Following distribution problems with Zappa's album Thing-Fish, which former Barking Pumpkin distributor MCA Records refused to distribute, Zappa made a deal with EMI Records, which would allow Them or Us and Thing-Fish tobe distributed by Capitol Records in the United States. Zappa wrote a "warning" which appeared on the inner sleeves of these albums, as well as Frank Zappa Meets the Mothers of Prevention, which stated that the albums contained content "which a truly free society would neither fear nor suppress", and a "guarantee" which stated that the lyrics would not "cause eternal torment in the place where the guy with the horns and pointed stick conducts his business." The liner notes also contained a quote from Senator Ernest Hollings, who testified during the PMRC hearings: "…if I could find some wayconstitutionally to do away with it [foul language in music], I would", as well as Zappa's oft-repeated liner notes request for his fans to register to vote. The original US version of the album contains the track "Porn Wars" – a sound collage featuring excerpts from PMRC hearings. This track was omitted from non-US versions, and replaced with three other pieces: "I Don't Even Care", co-written by Zappa and Johnny "Guitar" Watson, and two instrumental tracks – "One Man, One Vote" (a Synclavier composition) and "H.R. 2911", which collates some of the backing music from "Porn Wars", without the PMRChearing excerpts and other dialogue. The initial EMI CDs only included the European Version. The original Rykodisc CDs added two of the three European tracks and shuffled around the running order. The 1995 Rykodisc remaster added the third European track after the same shuffled order. Track listing All tracks written by Frank Zappa, except where noted. Personnel Frank Zappa – vocals, guitar, Synclavier, producer Johnny "Guitar" Watson – vocals, guitar on "I Don't Even Care" Ike Willis – vocals, guitar Ray White – vocals, guitar Bobby Martin – vocals, keyboards Steve Vai – guitar Tommy Mars – keyboards Scott Thunes– bass Chad Wackerman – drums Ed Mann – percussion Moon Zappa – vocals Dweezil Zappa – vocals John Danforth – voice excerpts on "Porn Wars" Ernest Hollings – voice excerpts on "Porn Wars" Paul S. Trible, Jr. – voice excerpts on "Porn Wars" Paula Hawkins – voice excerpts on "Porn Wars" J. James Exon – voice excerpts on "Porn Wars" Al Gore – voice excerpts on "Porn Wars" Tipper Gore – voice excerpts on "Porn Wars" Bob Stone – engineer Charts Album - Billboard (United States) References External links Release details Category:1985 albums Category:Albums produced by Frank Zappa Category:Barking ### Assistant:
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### User: Rufoclanis maccleeryi is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Tanzania and Kenya. The length of the forewings is 32 mm. The ground colour of the upperside of the forewings is light pinkish cinnamon, sprinkled with brown scales and darker beyond the medial line. There is a large, irregular warm sepia spot at the base. The ground colour of the upperside of the hindwings is more reddish than the forewings, with a large terra cotta area at the base. The ground colour of the underside of the forewings is terra cotta for the basal half, while the ### Assistant:
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### User: In December 1969, nine African-Americans met in New York City to discuss the unique challenges and limited opportunities they faced in the accounting profession. In that year, there were only 136 African-American Certified Public Accountants (CPA's) out of a total of 100,000 in the United States. This group wanted to establish an organization to address the concerns of minorities entering the accounting profession and to make a commitment to professional and academic excellence. The following nine individuals who met that month were determined to "make a difference" and let their voices be heard. The National Association of Black Accountants (NABA,Inc.), is an American nonprofit professional association that represents the interests of more than 200,000 black professionals in furthering their educational and professional goals in accounting, finance, and related business professions. Student members are served throughout the organization's 200 chapters around the country. NABA's membership includes entry and mid-level accountants, auditors and financial professional, senior-level managers and executives, firm partners, as well accounting, finance, business, and IT students. About half of NABA's members work in corporate America, with the remainder serving in nonprofit, government, academic, and international arenas. Forty percent hold advanced degrees and 45% hold professional certifications. NABA isalso made up of corporate members who represent hundreds of African American-owned CPA firms around the country. Mission NABA's motto is “Lifting As We Climb,” which is embodied in its official logo depicting two interlocked hands, with one pulling the other up. The image denotes both the political struggle the organization faced at its founding and the goal of helping future generations of accounting professionals. The organization came into existence during a period of time in which blacks and other minorities faced obstacles in being recognized and being promoted in the profession. It became a vehicle through which minority professionalscould be assisted as they climbed the corporate ladder, obtained the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) designation, and prepared for partnership in top firms. Moreover, the organization's operating model encourages veteran professionals to incubate and mentor students entering the profession. Through a number of programs and partnerships with like-minded organizations, conferences, publications, as well as advocacy, NABA aims to: Promote and develop the professional skills of members Groom college students entering the accounting profession and attract younger students to the profession Provide opportunities for members to fulfill their civic responsibilities Promote public confidence in members, their credentials, and the professional servicesthey provide Represent the interests of members in educational, political, and social domains Ensure long-term financial stability and provide adequate resources for chapter, regional, and national programs Organizational structure The association is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit membership organization. There are two classes of membership: student and professional. Professional members may also opt to obtain the Lifetime Member designation. The 160 student chapters are named by their college or university and fall under the auspices of the nearest of the 48 professional chapters. A National Board of Directors, which includes regional leaders, governs the entire organization. The headquarters is in Greenbelt, Maryland.to its National Scholarship Program, which has offered more than $7.1 million in support since beginning in 1987. The Distinguished Collegian Award is the organization's highest student honor and recognizes NABA students who are making a difference in their chapters and communities. The Student Case Study Competition is a rigorous challenge between student teams who research, develop, and prepare oral presentations that address accounting and business topics. The competition takes place each year at NABA's Annual National Convention. Community service is an important part of NABA membership. Each year, members take time away from the Annual National Convention and complete ### Assistant:
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### User: "If You Could See Her Through My Eyes" is the seventh episode of the second season of the American science fiction series Defiance, and the series' nineteenth episode overall. It was aired on July 31, 2014. The episode was written by Brusta Brown & John Mitchell Todd and directed by Allan Arkush. Plot Datak (Tony Curran) wakes up to find Jalina (Kelly McCormack), the Tarr's hand-maiden and who he spent the night with, dead on his doorstep with her eyes missing. Datak calls Doc Yewll (Trenna Keating) to help him find out what happened and to get rid of the ### Assistant:
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### User: Rostellularia adscendens is an Australian plant species in the family Acanthaceae. It grows to between 10 and 50 cm high. It occurs along streams or in rocky areas in woodland in Western Australia, the Northern Territory, South Australia, New South Wales and Queensland. The taxon was first formally described by botanist Robert Brown in 1810 in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae. He gave it the name Justicia adscendens. The species was transferred to the genus Rostellularia in 1986. Subspecies and varieties include R. adscendens (R.Br.) R.M.Barker var. adscendens R. adscendens var. clementii (Domin) R.M.Barker R. adscendens subsp. dallachyi R.M.Barker R. adscendens ### Assistant:
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### User: Eddie Costa, Mat Mathews & Don Elliott at Newport is a live album featuring performances by Eddie Costa's Trio/Quintet, Mat Mathews' Quartet and Don Elliott's Quartet recorded at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1957 and released on the Verve label. Track listing "Taking a Chance on Love" (Vernon Duke, John La Touche, Ted Fetter) "There'll Never Be Another You" (Harry Warren, Mack Gordon) "I'll Remember April" (Gene de Paul, Patricia Johnston, Don Raye) "I Never Knew" (Ted Fio Rito, Gus Kahn) "Flamingo" (Ted Grouya, Edmund Anderson) "Windmill Blues" (Mat Mathews) "Dancing in the Dark" (Howard Dietz, Arthur Schwartz) "I LoveYou" (Cole Porter) "'S Wonderful" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) Recorded at the Newport Jazz Festival, Newport, RI on July 5, 1957 (tracks 4-6) and July 6, 1957 (tracks 1-3 & 7-9) Personnel Tracks 1-3 Eddie Costa - piano Rolf Kühn - clarinet (tracks 2 & 3) Dick Johnson - alto saxophone (tracks 2 & 3) Ernie Furtado – bass Al Beldini - drums Tracks 4-6 Mat Mathews - accordion Hank Jones - piano Ernie Furtado - bass Johnny Cresci - drums Tracks 7-9 Don Elliott - mellophone, vibraphone, bongos Bill Evans - piano Ernie Furtado - bass Al Beldini - ### Assistant:
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### User: 3578 Carestia, provisional designation , is an extremely dark asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 58 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 February 1977, by the staff of the Felix Aguilar Observatory at El Leoncito Complex in San Juan, Argentina. The asteroid was named after South American astronomer Reinaldo Carestia. Orbit and classification Carestia orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.5–3.9 AU once every 5 years and 9 months (2,104 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 21° with respect to the ecliptic. Thefirst precovery was taken at Crimea-Simeis in 1939, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 38 years prior to its discovery. Physical characteristics The carbonaceous C-type asteroid is one of the darkest main-belt asteroids known. Rotation period In September 2008, a rotational lightcurve was obtained from photometric observations made by Italian astronomer Federico Manzini at the Stazione Astronomica di Sozzago (), Italy. It rendered it a rotation period of hours with a brightness variation of 0.13 in magnitude (). Previously, a fragmentary lightcurve from the 1990s, gave a shorter period of 7.1 hours with an amplitude of 0.25 (). Diameter andalbedo According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite, IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, the asteroid's surface has an exceptionally low albedo between 0.012 and 0.051. Combined with the observation's corresponding absolute magnitude, this results in an inferred diameter of 42.9 to 64.6 kilometers. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.02 and a diameter of 59.3 kilometers. Naming This minor planet was named after of South American astronomer Reinaldo Augusto Carestia (1932–1993), professor of positional astronomy at UNSJ's School of Topography, publisherof 5 star catalogs, and member of the National Committee of Scientific and Technological Research of Chile. For decades, he worked with the Repsold Meridian Circle at the discovering Felix Aguilar Observatory. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 19 October 1994 (). References External links Observatorio Astronómico Félix Aguilar – "Museo astronómico Reinaldo Carestia" (in Spanish) Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info) Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center 003578 003578 ### Assistant:
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### User: A Kiss So Deadly is a 1996 made-for-television thriller directed by Chuck Bowman. Cast Charles Shaughnessy as Tom Deese Dedee Pfeiffer as Catherine Deese Tom Bresnahan as Todd Gale Noelle Parker as June Stern Kerrie Keane as Patty Deese Charlotte Ross as Amanda Blake Scott Simpson as Stalker Jeffrey Pillars as Ray Robert Catrini as Craig Paul Sincoff as Officer Cruz Tim Gardner as Officer Chaso Nina Repeta as Waitress Jeff Hochendoner as Bartender William Gregory Lee as Adam Steve Posner as Professor Michael Genevie as Det. Ron Marin Hank Troscianiec as First Cop Brian Keith Gamble (credited as BrianGamble) as Second Cop Julián Vicente as Detective Barry Bell as Condo Supervisor Crew Directed by Chuck Bowman Written by Nevin Schreiner (story and teleplay) and Monica Parker (story) Produced by Chuck Bowman, Jennifer Alward (executive producer) and Jill Proctor (associate producer) Music by Joseph Conlan Cinematography by Karl Herrmann Edited by Jonathon Braun Plot Tom Deese (Charles Shaughnessy) falls in love with his daughter's roommate, Amanda (Charlotte Ross), and becomes the focus of his daughter Catherine's (Dedee Pfeiffer) suspicions when Amanda is murdered. Reception Variety film critic Tony Scott, wrote that Shaughnessy ‘doesn’t do much convincing’ and that his ### Assistant:
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### User: The Walter E. Washington Convention Center is a convention center located in Washington, D.C., owned and operated by the city's convention arm, Events DC. Designed in a joint venture by the Atlanta-based architecture firm Thompson, Ventulett, Stainback & Associates, Washington, DC- based architects Devrouax & Purnell Architects Planners PC and Mariani and Associates, the convention center is located in a superblock bounded by Mount Vernon Square and 7th, 9th and N streets, N.W. It is served by the Mount Vernon Square station on the Yellow and Green lines of the Washington Metro. It was completed in 2003. Major events Sixof the nine official inaugural balls for the 2005 second inauguration of George W. Bush were held at the convention center. In 2006, the Council of the District of Columbia approved legislation naming the then-Washington Convention Center in honor of the city's first home rule mayor, the late Walter E. Washington. In 2008, the WCSA Board of Directors agreed to expand the newly built convention center by . Six of the 10 official balls of the 2009 Presidential Inauguration of Barack Obama took place there, including the first-ever Neighborhood Ball. The center was the principal site of the 2010 NuclearSecurity Summit hosted by President Barack Obama. On November 10, 2011, ground was broken on the 14-story Washington Marriott Marquis, a $520 million, four-star, 1,175-room "convention center headquarters hotel" with more than of meeting room space. Also in 2011, the convention center hosted a major fight card with a welterweight championship match between Lamont Peterson and Amir Khan at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center. In 2013, it was announced that the Walter E. Washington Convention Center would be the 5 year host of Otakon, the Japanese and East Asian culture convention that was held since 1999 in the BaltimoreConvention Center in Baltimore, Maryland, starting with Otakon 2017 and going at least until Otakon 2021 which was considered to be a "great win" for Washington, D.C.'s convention business with an estimated $25 million annual revenue for D.C. and over 30,000 visitors expected during the time Otakon is in D.C. The pop culture convention Awesome Con debuted at the center in 2013. After a successful debut (and some growing pains), the annual event has grown to become one of the largest fan conventions on the East Coast of the United States. The 2013 event drew about 7,000 attendees. The 2017event hosted 70,000 attendees. Celebrity guests have included David Tennant, John Boyega, Stan Lee, Alex Kingston, William Shatner, George Takei and many others. Since 2014 the National Book Festival has been held at the center. In 2016, Otakon revealed at their Road to D.C. panel part of Otakon 2016 that the Walter E. Washington Convention Center will actually be the 8 year host of Otakon, starting with Otakon 2017 and going through at least until Otakon 2024. The Frederick Classic on the Hill women's gymnastics tournament is held at the convention center. The old Washington Convention Center The previous WashingtonConvention Center was located one block southwest at 909 H Street NW, occupying the city block bounded by New York Avenue, 9th Street, H Street and 11th Street. Construction on the center began in 1980, and it opened on December 10, 1982. At , it was the fourth largest facility in the United States at the time. However, during the 1980s and 1990s, numerous larger and more modern facilities were constructed around the country, and by 1997 the Washington Convention Center was only the 30th largest facility. After being replaced by the new Walter E. Washington Convention Center, the old ### Assistant:
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### User: Jephté (Jephtha) is an opera by the French composer Michel Pignolet de Montéclair. It takes the form of a tragédie en musique in a prologue and five acts (because of its subject matter it was also styled a tragédie biblique). The libretto, by the Abbé Simon-Joseph Pellegrin, is based on the Biblical story of Jephtha. The oratorio was first performed at the Académie royale de musique, Paris on 28 February 1732. It was the first opera in France using a story from the Bible to appear on a public stage. For this reason, Cardinal de Noailles banned performances of the ### Assistant:
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### User: Senja Pusula (born March 26, 1941) is a former cross-country skier from Finland who competed during the 1960s and early 1970s. She won a bronze medal in the 3 × 5 km relay at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck. Pusula also won a bronze medal in the 3 × 5 km relay at the 1970 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships. She also won the 5 km event at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1968. Cross-country skiing results All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS). Olympic Games 1 medal – (1 bronze) World Championships 1 medal – ### Assistant:
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### User: Wills Point High School is a 4A high school located in Wills Point, Texas (USA). It is part of the Wills Point Independent School District located in northwestern Van Zandt County. Some students also attend from Kaufman County. In 2011, the school was rated "Academically Acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency. Athletics The Wills Point Tigers compete in the following sports: Cross Country, Volleyball, Football, Track, Basketball, Tennis, Softball & Baseball State Titles Football - 1965(1A) 1983 Boys Singles Tennis (Judd Sanderson) 1995 Girls Doubles Tennis (Sara Schreffler/Kelly Kay) 2018 Boys Doubles Tennis (Chase Daniell/Kash Adams) School Band The school ### Assistant:
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### User: Pierre-Joseph (also Pierre Joseph) is a given name and can refer to: Pierre-Joseph Alary, (1689–1770), French ecclesiastic and writer Pierre-Joseph Amoreux (1741–1824) French physician and naturalist Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre (1752–1804), French naturalist Pierre-Joseph Bourcet (1700–1780), French tactician, general, chief of staff, mapmaker and military educator Pierre-Joseph Cambon, (1756–1820), French statesman Arthur Cardin (1879–1946), Canadian politician Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau (1820–1890), first Premier of the Canadian province of Quebec Pierre-Joseph Thoulier d'Olivet (1682–1768), French abbot, writer, grammarian and French translator Pigneau de Behaine (1741–1799), French Catholic priest, helped establish Vietnamese Nguyễn Dynasty after Tây Sơn rebellion Pierre Joseph Céloron de Blainville (1693–1759), French ### Assistant:
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### User: Igor Yegorov (born June 3, 1958) is a Ukrainian economist, Sc.D. in Economics, Deputy Director of the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and Professor at the Faculty of Economics at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Until 2013 he was the Head of Department for Systemic Studies of S&T Potential at G.M. Dobrov Center for Scientific and Technological Potential and Science History Studies of the NAS of Ukraine. He is a member of the Academic Council of Scientific and Technical Complex for Statistical Research of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.An editorial board member of the academic journals: Science and Science of Science (Ukraine), Economy and Forecasting (Ukraine), Problems of Science (Ukraine). A member of the dissertation council of theses defense for the degree of Doctor of Science in: G.M. Dobrov Center for Scientific and Technological Potential and Science History Studies of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Economics); Economic Research Institute of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine (Economics). Grants Visiting Fulbright Scholar at the Center for International Science and Technology Policy, George Washington University (1995–1996). Project: Possibilities of Utilization of American Experience for Reforming UkrainianScience. Visiting Scholar at the Kennan Institute of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (2004). Project: Transformation of the R&D System in the U.S. and the Possibility of Application of American Experience in Ukraine. Expert and public activity An expert of the European Commission project Enhance Innovation Strategies, Policies and Regulation in Ukraine. An expert of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and the consultant (expert) of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. A member of the European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy and the European Association for the Study of Science and Technology. Academic contributions Dr. Igor Yegorovdeveloped the new scientific approach to the studies of S&T and innovation potentials in the processes of social and economic development. He proposed methodological principles, methods and simulation models for analysis of the current state and the perspectives of further development of the Ukrainian scientific and technological and innovation potentials. He made a review of the dynamics of the S&T potential, including calculations of corresponding indicators of cadres of the Ukrainian science. He has also identified key problems of the future R&D development in Ukraine, and the ways and instruments for their solving. His research on S&T and economic policyhas been published in Research Policy, Science and Public Policy and Europe-Asia Studies, as well as in variety of Ukrainian and Russian journals. Bibliography Chapters Egorov, Igor (1996), 'Conversion of the Ukrainian military R&D at the beginning of the 1990s: some results and problems.' in Military R&D after the Cold War: Conversion and Technology Transfer in Eastern and Western Europe, Gummett P., Boutousov M., Farkas J., Rip A. (eds.), pp. 163–168. Egorov, Igor (1996), 'Technology Transfer in Ukraine: Slow Changes on the Background of Economic Decline.' in Barriers to International Technology Transfer, Kirkland J. (ed.), pp. 171–184. Egorov, Igor, Josephson,P. (1997), 'The Deceptive Promise of Reform: Ukrainian Science in Crisis.' Minerva 35 (4), pp. 321–347. Egorov, Igor (1998), 'Conversion in Ukraine: some results and problems.' Ch. 9 of The End of Military Fordism: Restructuring the Global Military Sector, edited by Mary Kaldor, pp. 196–215. Egorov, Igor (1999), 'Structural Changes in the Ukrainian Economy in Early 1990s and Their Influence on R&D Performance.' in Reconstruction or Destruction? Science and Technology at Stake in Transition Economies, Brundenius C., Goransson B., Reddy P. (eds.) pp. 48–69. Egorov, Igor (1999), 'Technological Transfer and Organisational Changes in Ukrainian Aviation and Belorussian Electronic Industries: TwoDifferent Strategies.' in Technology Transfer: From Invention to Innovation, Inzelt A., Hilton J. (eds.), pp. 285–299. Yegorov, Igor (1999), 'Foreign Direct Investment in Ukraine: First Results, Tendencies and Prospects.' in FDI and Technology Transfer in the Former Soviet Union, Dyker D. (ed.), pp. 155–188. Egorov, Igor (2001), 'Future of the Scientific Systems in the Former Soviet Union.' Science, Technology, Society 10(23) (1), pp. 115–136. Egorov, Igor (2002), 'Transformation of the Ukrainian Economy in the Light of EU Enlargement and Development of Regional Co-operation' in Regiok Europaja, Bezsteri B., Levai I. (eds.), pp. 25–33. Egorov, Igor, Josephson, P. (2002), 'Ukraine's DecliningScientific Research Establishment.' Problems of Post-Communism 49 (4). pp. 43–51. Yegorov, Igor (2003), Industrial Restructuring in European Transition Economies: Regulatory Framework and the Role of Innovation, N.Y and Geneva: United Nations publication, Yegorov, Igor (2004), 'Delayed restructuring through gradual global integration in aviation and space industry in Ukraine.', 'The ambivalent state and the use of alliances for growth and restructuring in the Ukrainian telecom industry.', 'Much fuss about nothing: restructuring stale mate in the Ukrainian car industry.', Ch. 9,11,13 of International Industrial Networks and Industrial Restructuring in Central and Eastern Europe, Radosevic S., Sadowski B. (eds.), pp. 155–166, 179–190, 207–222. ### Assistant:
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### User: The Yoon Youngha-class patrol vessel (Hangul: 윤영하급 미사일고속함) also known as PKG-class patrol vessel is a class of patrol ship of the Republic of Korea Navy. One variant is in active service and a smaller variant is planned. The first being the PKX-A or Yun Youngha-class missile patrol ship (Hangul: 윤영하급 고속함), and the second the patrol boat (also known as Chamsuri-211-class patrol boat). Development The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) began development of the PKG class in 2003 after a Chamsuri-class (PKM-class) patrol boat was sunk during a naval clash with North Korean patrol boats on June 29, 2002. ### Assistant:
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### User: Events from the year 1825 in Denmark. Incumbents Monarch – Frederick VI Prime minister – Otto Joachim Events Undated - A storm penetrates the narrow land mass, Agger Tange, separating Northern Jutland from the mainland Jutland for the first time since the 12th century. The Copenhagen Art Society is founded by a circle of the most influential figures of the Danish art world during the Danish Golden Age. Births 28 January – Moses Melchior, businessman (died 1912) 16 April – Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup, politician, prime minister of Denmark (died 1913) 10 May – Heinrich Tønnies, photographer (died 1903) 19 ### Assistant:
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### User: Sarah Amalia Teichmann (born 1975) is head of cellular genetics at the Wellcome Sanger Institute and a visiting research group leader at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI). She is serves as director of research (equivalent to Professor) in the Cavendish Laboratory, at the University of Cambridge and a senior research fellow at Churchill College, Cambridge. Education Teichmann was educated at the European School, Karlsruhe in Germany from 1981 to 1993 where she completed the European Baccalaureate in 1993. Teichmann went on to study the Natural Sciences Tripos at Trinity College, Cambridge and was awarded a first class Bachelor of Artsdegree in 1996. In 1999, she completed her PhD supervised by Cyrus Chothia at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) on genome evolution. Career and research Following her PhD, Teichmann did postdoctoral research supervised by Janet Thornton at University College London and funded by the Beit Memorial Fellowships for Medical Research. From 2001-2012, she was a Medical Research Council (MRC) Programme Leader, studying patterns in protein interactions and transcriptional regulatory networks. In 2013 Teichmann was appointed a joint position at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI). From 2005 to 2015 she served as a teachingfellow and director of studies at Trinity College, Cambridge. Since 2016 Teichmann has served as the head of Cellular Genetics at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and a visiting research group leader at the EBI. Teichmann's research investigates gene expression and protein complex assembly using both wet laboratory and computational biology techniques. In particular her research group: Teichmann's research has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC), the Medical Research Council (MRC), the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), the Wellcome Trust, the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), the Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development and theEuropean Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). Teichmann has supervised several PhD students to completion and several postdoctoral researchers who have gone on to become Principal investigators (PIs). Awards and honours Teichmann has won a number of awards. In 2010, she was awarded Colworth Medal from the Biochemical Society. In 2012, Teichman was awarded the Francis Crick Medal and Lecture, membership of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) and the Lister Prize from the Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine. In 2015 she was awarded the Michael and Kate Bárány Award for young investigators by the Biophysical Society and the EMBOGold Medal. Teichmann was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) in 2015. Her citation on election reads: Teichmann has also been an activist for women's careers in science through enabling scientists in families to advance their careers while working part-time. She chaired a Sex in Science debate at the Wellcome Trust on balancing family life with working in research. Teichmann was elected an ISCB Fellow in 2016 by the International Society for Computational Biology. Personal life Teichmann has two daughters. Teichmann is the co-author of the children's language education novel Teenage Detectives, which she wrote as ### Assistant:
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### User: The Arizona Cyclone is a 1928 American Western film directed by Edgar Lewis, and written by William Berke and Gardner Bradford. The film stars Fred Humes, George B. French, Margaret Gray, Cuyler Supplee, Gilbert Holmes, and Ben Corbett. The film was released on May 6, 1928, by Universal Pictures. Plot Cast Fred Humes as Larry Day / Tom Day George B. French as John Cosgrove Margaret Gray as Kathleen Cosgrove Cuyler Supplee as Mel Craven Gilbert Holmes as Pee Wee Ben Corbett as Benny Richard L'Estrange as Lazy Lester Scotty Mattraw as Scotty Lightning as Larry's Horse References External links ### Assistant:
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### User: Claire Jeanne Roberte Colinet (1880–1950) was a French sculptor of Belgian birth who worked during the early-to-mid 20th century. The subject matter of her best known work was primarily Arab female dancers. The majority of her career output in sculpture can be classified as being of the Art Deco style. Colinet was a frequent exhibitor at the Salon des Artistes Francais and Salon des Independents art exhibitions in Paris. Her sculptures, most of which depicted beautifully figured, energized, and dramatic female forms, were exhibited posthumously at the Paris Salon for nearly 30 years. Early life Colinet was born in Brussels,Belgium, in 1880. Little is known about her life other than the artwork she produced during a successful career that spanned more than 40 years. As a woman, she was in the minority in her chosen field of sculpture during the era in which she worked and lived. Career At an undetermined date – probably around 1910 – Colinet emigrated to Paris, France, where she studied sculpture under the watchful eye of Jef Lambeaux and exhibited for the first time at the Salon des Artistes Francais in 1913 and became a permanent member of the organization in 1929. From 1937to 1940, she exhibited at the Salon des Independents in Paris and joined the Union of Women Painters and Sculptors. Colinet's work is primarily done in the Art Deco style, and her models included odalisques, exotic dancers, jugglers and artists of cabaret. A number of her female dancer pieces were influenced by a revival of the Orientalism movement which had been popular in Europe from about 1860 to 1880. Her preferred casting material was bronze; however, a number of her most distinguished sculptures are chryselephantine, being a combination of both bronze and ivory. Colinet's sculpture has become highly desirable to ### Assistant:
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### User: Hasan Iğsız (born 1946, Istanbul, Turkey) is a retired General in the Turkish Army. He was Commander of the First Army of Turkey from 2009 to 2010. He is a defendant in the Ergenekon trials. Career Iğsız graduated from the Turkish Military Academy in 1966 and from the Turkish Military College in 1976. He was promoted to Brigadier-General in 1993 and Major-General in 1997. He was promoted to General and appointed Commander of the 2nd Army in 2006 (30 August 2006-30 August 2008), and Deputy Chief of the General Staff (tr) in 2008. He was Commander of the First Army ### Assistant:
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### User: Anthony F. Shorrocks is a British development economist. Academic career Between January 2001 and April 2009 he was Director of UNU-WIDER. Prior to that he was Professor at the London School of Economics and before that he worked at the University of Essex. He has also had several visiting appointments in the US, Canada, Italy, and Russia. He has many publications in leading economic journals on income and wealth distribution, inequality, poverty, and mobility. Education His first degree was a B.Sc. in Mathematics from the University of Sussex. This was followed by a Masters in Economics from Brown University. Hetook his Ph.D. in Economics at the London School of Economics in 1973 (being awarded the Bowley Prize in 1975). Shorrocks index In 1978, he introduced a measure based on income Gini coefficients to estimate income mobility. This measure, generalized by Maasoumi and Zandvakili, is now generally referred to as Shorrocks index, sometimes as Shorrocks mobility index or Shorrocks rigidity index. It attempts to estimate whether the income inequality Gini coefficient is permanent or temporary, and to what extent a country or region enables economic mobility to its people so that they can move from one (e.g. bottom 20%) incomequantile to another (e.g. middle 20%) over time. In other words, Shorrocks index compares inequality of short-term earnings such as annual income of households, to inequality of long-term earnings such as 5-year or 10-year total income for same households. Professional Recognition He has been elected to be a Fellow of the Econometric Society. Noted works Books Chapters in books Journal articles References External links UNU-WIDER: Anthony Shorrocks. Profile page for Anthony Shorrocks at UNU-WIDER. Category:1946 births Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics Category:Alumni of the University of Sussex Category:British economists Category:Brown University alumni Category:Development economists Category:Development specialists Category:Fellows of ### Assistant:
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### User: The California Bicycle Coalition (CalBike) is a 501(c)(4) nonprofit organization based in Sacramento and Oakland that advocates for more bicycling in California. The California Bicycle Coalition Education Fund is a related 501(c)(3) organization that conducts solely charitable functions, mostly by supporting CalBike. Founded in 1994, the California Bicycle Coalition's mission is to "enable more people to bicycle for the health, safety, and prosperity of all Californians." The California Bicycle Coalition has adopted an official goal to double the amount of bicycling in California by 2017 and triple it by 2020. Vision The California Bicycle Coalition envisions millions of people riding ### Assistant:
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### User: Here We Go Magic is an American indie rock band based in Brooklyn, New York. The group was originally formed by core members Luke Temple, Michael Bloch and Peter Hale, in late 2008. The project signed to Western Vinyl in 2008, followed by the five-piece group's signing to Secretly Canadian in 2009. History Here We Go Magic (2009) After previously releasing two folk albums under his own name in the mid-2000s, Luke Temple released the self-titled album Here We Go Magic in February 2009 on Western Vinyl, described by Pitchfork as "hazy electronic textures, endlessly-spiraling lyrical loops, occasional forays intoextended sections of ambience and noise". Temple recorded the album at home on a 4-track recorder, describing the recording: "I just had one tom, one microphone, a synth and an acoustic guitar. I didn't have a full drum kit or normal bass, it was just all synth stuff that I did myself." The album does feature a live band on one of its nine tracks, the song "Everything's Big", which features Here We Go Magic guitarist Michael Bloch along with musicians Tyler Wood (keyboards), Parker Kindred (drums) and Adam Chilenski (bass). Pigeons (2010) After several tours incorporating members Kristina Lieberson(keyboards) and Jen Turner (bass), the band signed as a five-piece to Secretly Canadian in September 2009. They had toured in 2009 with Grizzly Bear and The Walkmen. The second album Pigeons was released on 8 June 2010. The band wrote and recorded the album over a period of several months living together in a secluded house in upstate New York. Pigeons was produced by bassist Jen Turner and engineered by Victor Magro. The first single off Pigeons, "Collector", was rated "Best New Music" by Pitchfork on March 18, 2010. The band performed at the SXSW festival in 2009 andagain in March 2010, and completed tours of North America with White Rabbits and of Europe with The New Pornographers. In summer 2010 the band played at multiple major festivals including Primavera Sound, Bonnaroo, Pitchfork, The Great Escape, Latitude, Bestival, and Glastonbury, where Thom Yorke said they were his favorite act of the festival. They ended the year 2010 touring with the Canadian band Broken Social Scene. The January EP (2011) In the months leading up to The January EP, Here We Go Magic played a few shows around North America, including sets at Coachella and Wilco's Solid Sound Festival.The January EP was produced by the band's bassist, Jen Turner. Here We Go Magic recorded the tracks live on an analog tape in a band built living room during the same time they were working on Pigeons. The EP was widely well received, gaining high marks from many publications and critics. Slant Magazine called the record a "synthy, dreamy album captured a rich sound with very little bluster, effectively lulling and beguiling listeners with quiet, acoustic-driven psychedelia". A Different Ship (2012) After seeing Here We Go Magic's Glastonbury performance, Radiohead producer Nigel Godrich asked to produce the band's fourthalbum. The group accepted, and A Different Ship became the product. The album garnered great critical acclaim. The New York Times said A Different Ship "discreetly shows off the band's meticulous virtuosity; its patterns are played, not programmed". BBC Music held the album to an equally high regard. In one review they noted, "Played live these songs will metastasise into expansive jams, and will sound great when they do, but here and now they're sharp, disciplined, and seriously compelling". In November 2012, Here We Go Magic headed back out on tour, starting with a show at the Brooklyn Bowl. Aftertheir start on the East Coast, they made their way to the Midwest for the Midpoint Music Festival. Tour dates through October 12 included singer-songwriter Andrew Bird. Later in the year they performed in Britain, supporting Elbow. While on the road for their tour in May 2012, the band picked up filmmaker and author John Waters, who was hitchhiking for his book Carsick. Tweets from the band resulted in massive media coverage, and Waters spoke fondly of the group in the book. Be Small (2015) Following 2012's A Different Ship, the members of Here We Go Magic began to driftapart as new professional and personal avenues opened up for them. While the band was on a hiatus, remaining members Luke Temple and Michael Bloch came back together to begin recording Be Small. The 11-track album combines a collection of the band's older live sessions with Temple's newer musical ideas from his home studio. The Skinny magazine stated that, while "Here We Go Magic's line-up may have undergone a significant reshuffle since the release of 2012's acclaimed A Different Ship, frontman Luke Temple has managed to retain a similar auricular template with Be Small." In October 2015, the band headedout on tour, beginning on the east coast of the US, with stops across the United States and Canada. Musical style The first album has been described as "stream-of-conscious lyrics and swirls of psychedelic, lo-fi noise", and "insistently repetitive grooves and densely layered loops". NPR Music stated that its "colorful swirl of synthesizers and guitars ranges from electronic folk to psychedelia to lo-fi acoustic". Erik Adams, writing for The A.V. Club, saw it as an album of two distinct sides, "one full of hummable, groove-inflected bedroom folk, and the other populated by cascading waves of ambient white noise". Tim DiGravina,reviewing the album for Allmusic described it as "everything but the kitchen sink, stream of conscious composition...taking on a couple different and somewhat incongruous genres, from Afro-beat pop to freak folk to outright noise collages". The expanded line-up has been described as "psychedelic electro-folk" and walking "the line between ambient hypnotica and melodic indie rock". The Independent, reviewing "Collector" also identified a krautrock influence, stating that the band "channel propulsive krautrock and 1980s indie rock to great effect". Allmusic writer Jason Thurston described the band's sound as an "ethereal collage of indie folk, Baroque pop, plains country (and whatever else ### Assistant:
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### User: The Case of the Cautious Condor is an adventure game in an interactive comic book style developed by Tiger Media, Inc.. It was one of the first CD-ROM-only games that was furthermore a complete new development for that media and not only a port of another version such as an already existing floppy disc game or a laserdisc arcade machine. The game was first released for FM Towns in Japan in 1989, later also for CDTV (1991) and MS-DOS (1992). It won several awards, such as "Best Adventure 1989" in Japan. The game sold below expectations of the developer alsobecause CD-ROM drives were not yet widespread at that time. Basically it is a detective adventure game in which with your help, private eye Ned Peters has to figure out the identity of the murderer by wandering around the rooms, looking for clues and overhear conversations between the other guests aboard the Spruce Goose-like flying boat "Condor" on a cruise over the Atlantic. The game has no text because all the dialogue is being played from the CD and the interface is completely mouse-driven. Tiger Media released later a similar game called Murder Makes Strange Deadfellows. Reception Computer Gaming World ### Assistant:
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### User: Fred A. Wilcox is a retired associate professor in the writing department at Ithaca College. He is the author of six books on issues including the Vietnam War, nuclear power, and the Plowshares Movement. Two of his books discuss the effects of Agent Orange, a defoliant used extensively during the war. Life and career Wilcox was born in Des Moines, Iowa. He graduated from the University of Iowa where he studied Sociology and English. He earned an MFA from the Iowa Writers' Workshop and a doctorate in English and Expository Writing from SUNY Albany. Books on Agent Orange His first ### Assistant:
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### User: Glenn Layendecker (born May 9, 1961) is a former professional tennis player from the United States. His highest singles ranking was world No. 48 in 1990. Layendecker's highest doubles ranking was world No. 32. His career wins included wins over Andre Agassi, Michael Chang, Yannick Noah, Aaron Krickstein, Anders Järryd, and Brad Gilbert in singles matches. He also beaned John McEnroe in the temple with an approach shot at the US Open. Layendecker graduated from Yale University in 1983. He was the tennis coach of the Oregon Episcopal School Aardvarks. Under his coaching, the team garnered four consecutive state titles. ### Assistant:
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### User: William Augustus Mackworth (3 March 1825 – 4 December 1855) was a Trinidad-born English cricketer who played one first-class cricket match for Cambridge University in 1845 and another for Manchester in 1848. He was born in Trinidad where his father was high sheriff and died at St Kilda, Melbourne, Australia. Mackworth matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1844 but it is not recorded if he took a degree. He married in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1852. In January 1855, he was named as one of the founding "resident members" of the new Melbourne branch of Miles and Kington, a Bristol-basedcompany of "General Agents and Commission Merchants", alongside Philip Oliphant Kington, who later played first-class cricket for Victoria. His death at the end of 1855 came "after an illness of ten days". As a cricketer, Mackworth was a middle-order batsman; there is no record that he bowled nor is it known whether he was right- or left-handed. He achieved little in his one game for Cambridge University, but not out innings of 10 and 28 in the 1848 first-class match between Manchester and Sheffield – a forerunner of Lancashire and Yorkshire matches – enabled Manchester to win by 11 runs. ### Assistant:
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### User: "Wrong Side of Heaven" is a single by American heavy metal band Five Finger Death Punch from their fourth studio album, The Wrong Side of Heaven and the Righteous Side of Hell, Volume 1. It is the third single from the album, and is the nineteenth single overall from the band, which was released on August 11, 2014. Background To add to the contributions made by the band through their numerous military concerts, the ensemble wanted to create a music video in order to assist vagrant veterans of the armed forces by publicly portraying the consequences of post-traumatic stress disorder ### Assistant:
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### User: The University of Oñati (in Basque Oñatiko Unibertsitatea; in Spanish Universidad de Oñate), the official name being the University of the Holy Spirit (Sancti Spiritus), was a University founded in 1540 and located in the Basque town of Oñati in Spain. Until its closure in 1901, it was the only university in the Spanish Basque Country. Its building is now the home of the International Institute for the Sociology of Law. History Founded in 1540 by the Bishop of Avila, Rodrigo Mercardo de Zuazola under the authority of a bull of Pope Paul III, the University of the Holy Spiritwas originally located in Hernani, but in 1548 moved to Oñati. The University specialised in theology, law, canon law, the arts and medicine and was strictly limited to Catholics until 1869, when it was opened to all. The institution closed in 1901. Since 1989, the building houses the International Institute for Sociology of Law (IISL). Building In 1931 the building was declared a National Historic Monument. It is one of the most remarkable Renaissance buildings of the Basque Country, and was built in the Plateresque style. Construction of the building began in 1543 by the master stone mason Domingo de ### Assistant:
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### User: Melinda Ann Gates, (née French; August 15, 1964) is an American philanthropist and a former general manager at Microsoft. In 2000, she co-founded the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation with her husband Bill Gates, the world's largest private charitable organization as of 2015. Gates has consistently been ranked as one of the world's most powerful women by Forbes. Early life Melinda Ann French was born on August 15, 1964 in Dallas, Texas. She is the second of four children born to Raymond Joseph French Jr., an aerospace engineer, and Elaine Agnes Amerland, a homemaker. Melinda has an older sister andtwo younger brothers. Melinda, a Catholic, attended St. Monica Catholic School, where she was the top student in her class. At age 14, Melinda was introduced to the Apple II by her father, which later inspired her interest in computer games and the BASIC programming language. Melinda graduated as valedictorian from Ursuline Academy of Dallas in 1982. She earned a bachelor's degree in computer science and economics from Duke University in 1986 and an MBA from Duke's Fuqua School of Business in 1987. At Duke, Melinda was a member of the Kappa Alpha Theta sorority, Beta Rho Chapter. Career Gates'first job was tutoring math and computer programming to children. After graduation, Melinda joined Microsoft as a marketing manager, where she was responsible for leading the development of various multimedia products. These included Cinemania, Encarta, Publisher, Microsoft Bob, Money, Works (Macintosh) and Word. She worked on Expedia, which became one of the most popular travel booking websites. Gates later recalled a software demonstration of Microsoft Bob, that was "one of the hardest things I've ever done". However, the program was a commercial failure. In the early 1990s, Gates was appointed as General Manager of Information Products, a position which sheheld until 1996. She left Microsoft to focus on starting and raising her family. Gates served as a member of Duke University's Board of Trustees from 1996 to 2003. She attends the annual Bilderberg Group conference and has held a seat on the Board of Directors of The Washington Post company since 2004. She was also on the Board of Directors at Drugstore.com, but left in August 2006 to focus on philanthropy projects. Since 2000, Gates has been active in the public eye, stating "As I thought about strong women of history, I realized that they stepped out in someway". This has helped her work become recognized, while shaping and delivering goals of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. As of 2014, Bill and Melinda have donated US$28 billion to the Foundation. In 2015 Gates founded Pivotal Ventures as a separate, independent organization to identify, help develop and implement innovative solutions to problems affecting U.S. women and families. Author In 2019, Gates debuted as an author with the book The Moment of Lift: How Empowering Women Changes the World. Former President Barack Obama starred in a comedy sketch in order to promote the book. The book highlights the failureto acknowledge women's unpaid work, drawing on feminist economist Dame Marilyn Waring's book If Women Counted. Personal life Melinda began dating Microsoft CEO Bill Gates in 1987, after meeting him at a trade fair in New York. In 1994, she married Gates in a private ceremony held in Lanai, Hawaii. They have three children: Jennifer, Phoebe and Rory Gates. The family resides in Xanadu 2.0, an earth-sheltered mansion in the side of a hill overlooking Lake Washington in Medina, Washington. Gates and her husband were suggested as possible vice-presidential picks in the 2016 United States presidential election, according to areportedly hacked email published by WikiLeaks from Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman, John Podesta. Awards and recognition In 2002, Melinda and Bill Gates received the Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards. In December 2005, Melinda and Bill Gates were named by Time as Persons of the Year alongside Bono. Melinda and Bill Gates received the Spanish Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation on May 4, 2006, in recognition of their world impact through charitable giving. In November 2006, Melinda was awarded the Insignia of the Order of the Aztec Eagle,together with Bill, who was awarded the Placard of the same order, both for their philanthropic work around the world in the areas of health and education, particularly in Mexico, and specifically in the program "Un país de lectores". In May 2006, in honor of her work to improve the lives of children locally and around the world, Seattle Children's Hospital dedicated the Melinda French Gates Ambulatory Care building at Seattle Children's (formerly Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center). She chaired a campaign for the hospital to fundraise $300 million to expand facilities, fund under-compensated and uncompensated care, and growthe hospital's research program to find cures and treatments. In 2007, Gates received an honorary doctorate in medicine from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. In 2009, she and her husband received honorary degrees from the University of Cambridge. Their benefaction of $210 million in 2000 set up the Gates Cambridge Trust, which funds postgraduate scholars from outside the UK to study at the University. Lastly, she was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters by Duke University in 2013 as a tribute for her philanthropic commitment. She was ranked #3 in Forbes 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017 lists ofthe 100 Most Powerful Women, #4 in 2012 and 2016 and #6 in 2011 and 2018. Gates was appointed an honorary Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2013 for services to philanthropy and international development. In recognition of the foundation's philanthropic activities in India, Bill and Melinda jointly received India's third-highest civilian honor, Padma Bhushan, in 2015. In 2016, President Barack Obama awarded Gates and her husband with the Presidential Medal of Freedom for their philanthropic efforts. In 2017, President François Hollande awarded Gates and her husband with France's highest national award, the Legion of Honour,in Paris for their charity efforts. That year, she was awarded the Otto Hahn Peace Medal 2016 of the United Nations Association of Germany (DGVN), Berlin-Brandenburg, "for outstanding services to peace and international understanding" in the historic Berlin Town Hall. That year, Gates was listed by UK-based company Richtopia at number 12 in the list of 200 Most Influential Philanthropists and Social Entrepreneurs Worldwide. Women in technology Gates' experience of a male-dominated workplace at Microsoft inspired her to encourage more women in the computing field. In September 2016, Gates announced her desire on increasing the diversity in the workplace, especiallyChanges the World (2019) References External links Profile at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Melinda Gates Goes Public, Fortune magazine, January 4, 2008 Melinda Gates Philanthropic Profile, GiveSmart.org, November, 2012 Melinda Gates Video produced by Makers: Women Who Make America Category:1964 births Category:American humanitarians Category:American nonprofit chief executives Category:American women in business Category:American women philanthropists Category:American Roman Catholics Category:Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation people Category:Businesspeople from Seattle Category:Businesspeople from Texas Category:Catholics from Texas Category:Catholics from Washington (state) Category:Duke University alumni Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Category:Fuqua School of Business alumni Category:Gates family Category:Giving Pledgers Category:21st-century ### Assistant:
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### User: Salim Mansur is a Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Western Ontario in Canada. He is a former columnist for the London Free Press and the Toronto Sun, and has contributed to various publications including National Review, the Middle East Forum and Frontpagemag. He often presents analysis on the Muslim world, Islam, South Asia, Middle East. He is also a member of the Freedom Party of Ontario. Mansur is a candidate for the People's Party of Canada for the 2019 Federal election. Biography Mansur was born in Kolkata, India and moved to Toronto, Ontario, Canada where hecompleted his doctorate studies in political science. Mansur is a member of the Board of Directors for the Center for Islamic Pluralism based in Washington, D.C., a Senior Fellow with the Canadian Coalition for Democracies, a group which seeks to support democracies and placed particular emphasis on calling for the Government of Canada to adopt a pro-Israel stance. Salim Mansur was one of the founding members of Canadians Against Suicide Bombing, a group that has lobbied to amend Canada's Criminal Code to cite suicide bombing as a terrorist crime, efforts which resulted in the passing of Bill S-215 in December2010. He is an academic-consultant with the Center for Security Policy in Washington, D.C. He has been a consultant with CIDA on development issues and has published widely in academic journals on foreign policy matters and area studies of the Middle East and South Asia. He is featured on the documentary Obsession: Radical Islam's War Against the West produced by the David Horowitz Freedom Center. He also unsuccessfully ran for the Canadian Alliance party in 2000, being defeated by Sue Barnes. Mansur said he was ostracized after writing columns condemning the Taliban and comparing it to the Khmer Rouge ofCambodia. According to Mansur, the severe backlash has prompted him to stop going to his local mosque. David B. Harris claims there have been two fatwas issued by unspecified individuals against Mansur, calling for his death. At a press conference on 2 October 2008, Mansur stated that: "Islam is my private life, my conscience... [but] my faith does not take precedence over my duties... to Canada and its constitution, which I embrace freely... I am first and most importantly a Canadian... Only in a free society will you find Islam as a faith and not a political religion." Mansur expressedthe view that former New Democratic Party Leader Jack Layton had: "gone to bed with Islamists". Mansur is a candidate for the People's Party of Canada for the 2019 Federal election. Mansur wrote in an Op-ed to Waterloo Region Record ,that he wrote the PPC immigration policy. He previously held the Conservative nomination in London- North Centre but was disqualified by the party leadership. Notable viewpoints Views on Israel-Palestine conflict In 2008, Mansur congratulated Israel for its 60th anniversary, and declared that the Jewish state "deserves admiration": "Israel is a tiny sliver of land in a vast tempest-ridden sea ofhe has testified on 1 October 2012 to the House of Commons Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration that Canada should stop immigration from Muslim countries. Mansur stated: The flow of immigration into Canada from around the world, and in particular the flow from Muslim countries, means a pouring in of numbers into a liberal society of people from cultures at best non-liberal. But we know through our studies and observations that the illiberal mix of cultures poses one of the greatest dilemmas and an unprecedented challenge to liberal societies, such as ours, when there is no demand placed onClimate Change Mansur is a climate change denier and has insisted that "the claim of man-made global warming" has been "falsified." He has also suggested that climate scientists, "corrupted by the lure of money and influence, subscribed to the UN-based scheme for the largest global tax grab and revenue transfer -- some version of global carbon tax -- by raising false alarms about impending planetary doom in the name of science." Books 2011: Delectable Lie: a liberal repudiation of multiculturalism. Brantford, ON: Mantua Books. 2009: Islam’s Predicament: Perspectives of a Dissident Muslim. Oakville, Canada and Niagara Falls, NY: Mosaic Press.1994: (with N.K. Choudhry) (eds). The Indira-Rajiv Years: The Indian Economy and Polity 1966-1991. Toronto: Centre for South Asian Studies, University of Toronto. Articles by Salim Mansur Time to crush terror Muslims, Democracy, and the American Experience Dissecting the Danish Cartoon Controversy Empty Gestures Canadians Against Suicide Bombing Salim Mansur leading member Climate Under Fire Mansur: Gore under spotlight Is there global warming 'truth'? External links Robert Fulford: Canada's angriest 'moderate', 21 November 2009, by Robert Fulford, National Post. References Category:Muslim reformers Category:Indian emigrants to Canada Category:Canadian Zionists Category:Indian Zionists Category:Canadian Muslims Category:Indian Muslims Category:Scholars from Kolkata Category:Bengali Muslims Category:Year ### Assistant:
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### User: Atef Fahim Mohamed Montasser (15 September 1948 - 14 April 2018) was an Egyptian record producer, A&R executive and the founder of Sout El-Hob Records. Montasser is credited with discovering singing talents in Egypt and the Arab world like Hany Shaker, Ahmed Adaweyah, Aziza Jalal, Mohammad Fouad, Medhat Saleh, Omar Fathi, El Masryeen, Four M and Metkal Kenawy. He is credited with bringing Algerian singer Warda to prominence. Early life and career Atef Montasser was born on September 15, 1948 in Tanta city, Al-Gharbiya Governorate, Egypt. He graduated from the Faculty of Commerce, Cairo University. He has four siblings: Samia,mid-1970s. They established together a band titled “Four M”. Members of the band were Ezzat Abu Ouf’s sisters: Mona, Maha, Manal and Mervat. EMI Records Ltd, a British-American records company and one of Universal Music Group companies, selected Sout El-Hob to be its partner and take charge of its production in the Arab world in 1985. This partnership lasted six years. Sout El-Hob is the fourth largest Arabic music catalogue in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Sherif Montasser, Atef’s nephew and Mostafa Montasser’s son, has taken over Sout El-Hob later on as owner and CEO. Atef Montasser has ### Assistant:
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### User: Mars Lake (also called Lake Sequilla or Sequilla Lake) is a small spring-fed rural lake in Oneida County in northern Wisconsin in the United States, near the intersection of U.S. Route 45 and U.S. Route 8, about north of Pelican Lake and northwest of the small settlement of Monico. It is located between the somewhat larger lakes Neptune Lake and Venus Lake. Mars Lake is in area with a maximum depth of (another source says .) Mars Lake is used for fishing. Panfish species include Largemouth Bass, Northern Pike, and Walleye, and Bluegill. There is a boat ramp. References Category:Lakes ### Assistant:
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### User: Rolf Peter Brenner (December 14, 1937 – March 31, 2019) was a Swiss Civil Engineer and Geologist specialized in Soil mechanics. Life R. Peter Brenner graduated in civil engineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich (ETH Zurich) in 1962. He gained first professional experience at the construction company Conrad Zschokke in Geneva followed by work for Dames & Moore in San Francisco, California (later merged with URS Corporation). From 1966 to 1971, he studied at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA, in the field of soil mechanics. His doctoral thesis entitled Hydrologic model study of a forestedand a cutover slope was accepted in 1971. Following his promotion, he returned to Switzerland. There, he worked for the Research Institute of Military Constructions in Zurich, where he carried out studies on the effect of nuclear explosions on soil and underground shelters. From 1974 until 1981, he was a faculty member in the Division of Geotechnical Engineering and the Director of the Soil Mechanics Laboratory at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Bangkok, Thailand. During his term he educated many Master students from countries in Southeast Asia. After his return to Switzerland, he worked for Electrowatt Engineering (laterknown as Pöyry Switzerland) in Zurich. From 1997 onwards, he was an independent geotechnical and dam engineering consultant. Peter Brenner was involved in dam projects worldwide for almost 30 years. Projects included the Atatürk Dam in Turkey and the Mosul Dam in Iraq, two of the largest rockfill dams in the world. Besides dams, he was involved in geotechnical analysis for the Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok and the foundation design of the 372 m high Liberation Tower (Kuwait). He was called to inspect damages of earthquakes to dams such as the Sefidrud Dam or several dams in China damaged by ### Assistant:
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### User: Jacques "Toto" Brugnon (; 11 May 1895 – 20 March 1978) was a French tennis player, one of the famous "Four Musketeers" from France who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s. He was born in Paris and died in Paris. He was primarily a doubles specialist who won 10 Grand Slam doubles titles in the French, American, Australian and British championships. Additionally he won two mixed doubles titles at Roland Garros partnering Suzanne Lenglen. He was also a fine singles player but never won a Major title. He played in 20 Wimbledon Championships between 1920 and 1948Four Musketeers were inducted simultaneously into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, in 1976. Grand Slam finals Doubles (10 titles, 7 runner-ups) Mixed doubles (2 titles) References External links Category:1895 births Category:1978 deaths Category:Australian Championships (tennis) champions Category:French Championships (tennis) champions Category:French male tennis players Category:Olympic silver medalists for France Category:Olympic tennis players of France Category:Sportspeople from Paris Category:International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees Category:Tennis players at the 1924 Summer Olympics Category:Wimbledon champions (pre-Open Era) Category:Olympic medalists in tennis Category:Grand Slam (tennis) champions in mixed doubles Category:Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's doubles Category:Medalists at the ### Assistant:
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### User: Raoul de Navery was the pseudonym of Madame Chervet, born Marie-Eugenie Saffray (21 September 1829 in Ploërmel – 17 May 1885 in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre), a French Roman Catholic novelist. She also wrote under the pseudonyms Marie David and M. S. David. Works (incomplete list. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France Le Testament de Jésus, poème évangélique (1850) Texte en ligne Aux soldats de l'armée de Lyon (1855) Aux soldats de l'armée d'Orient, poésies (1855) Pour les inondés (1856) Texte en ligne Marguerites, poésies (1856) La Crèche et la croix, poésies (1856) Texte en ligne Souvenirs du pensionnat (1857) Texte en ligne ### Assistant:
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### User: John H. Kerr Dam is concrete gravity-dam located on the Roanoke River in Virginia, creating Kerr Lake. The dam was built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between 1947 and 1953 for the purposes of flood control, and hydropower. The dam also serves wildlife resources, forest conservation, and public recreational uses. The John H. Kerr Dam currently produces over 426 GWh of electricity annually and has prevented over $385 million in flood damage since completion. The dam is named after John H. Kerr, a Congressman from North Carolina who was instrumental in authorizing the construction. Background and construction Constructionof the John H. Kerr dam was authorized by the 78th United States Congress in 1944 with the Flood Control Act of 1944 but did not commence until 1947. The site was selected because of the granite in the area that could support a large concrete dam. During early construction, the project was called Buggs Island Lake after a downstream island which was named after Samuel Bugg, an 18th-century early pioneer. The 82nd United States Congress renamed the project the John H. Kerr Dam later in 1951. The John H. Kerr Dam Project consisted of a dam, powerhouse and switchyard.The dam was built in 53 sections called monoliths. A grouting tunnel or gallery was built in order to fill gaps between the dam and foundation with concrete. The spillway consists of 22-tainter gates for overflow and at the base of the dam, 6-sluice gates were installed to maintain downstream flows. Construction was completed and the dam was opened in 1953. Hydro power-plant The hydro-power plant within the John H. Kerr Dam contains 7 vertical Francis units capable of producing 227 MW. Six large generators within the power-plant produce 32 MW each and one smaller unit produces 12 MW. Thehydro-power plant operates at about 83% efficiency. 58% of the power sold is transmitted to Dominion Energy and 42% to the Progress Energy. Overall, the power is regulated by the Southeastern Power Administration and about one half of the power is transmitted to various government preference customers such as rural Cooperatives. Climate Other links Kerr Lake Kerr Lake State Recreation Area References External links USACE John H. Kerr Dam Power Production Category:Buildings and structures in Mecklenburg County, Virginia Category:Dams in Virginia Category:Hydroelectric power plants in Virginia Category:Gravity dams Category:United States Army Corps of Engineers dams Category:Dams completed in 1953 Category:Energy ### Assistant:
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### User: Francis Henry Fassett (June 25, 1823 – November 1, 1908) was an American architect in Maine who built as many as 400 homes and buildings throughout the state. Working in the Victorian High Gothic and Queen Anne styles, he especially influenced the look of Portland. Beginnings in Bath Francis H. Fassett was born in Bath, Maine, the son of John Fassett and Betsey (Turner) Fassett. He was educated at the Old Erudition School until the age of fourteen, when he became a clerk in a general store. After four years, he was indentured to Isaac D. Cole, a leading carpenterMaine General Hospital Building, Alms House, Second Parish Church, the parish house for the Cathedral of St. Luke, and the former city hall, which itself would burn in 1908 and be replaced by the present building. He also designed numerous residences, many in the fashionable West End. During the 1870s, Fassett was the leading architect in both the city and state. He married twice; first to Mima Ann Welch, who bore him four children, and then to Harriet Hudson. His son, Edward F. Fassett, became an architect and joined the firm. But his most famous apprentice was John Calvin Stevens,who was made partner and opened Fassett's Boston office in 1880, before opening his own Portland office in 1884. Fassett and his son designed the Pythian Opera House, built in 1894 at Boothbay Harbor. In 1895, Fassett redesigned the Mount Pleasant House, a hotel at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in the White Mountains. Hired by Joseph Stickney, a coal mine and railroad stock tycoon who later built the more famous Mount Washington Hotel nearby, the architect enlarged the plain building into a Queen Anne style confection of cupolas, gables and porches. It was demolished in 1939. Francis H. Fassett died ### Assistant:
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### User: Joseph Frank Sambrook (1 March 1939 – 14 June 2019) was a British molecular biologist known for his studies of DNA oncoviruses and the molecular biology of normal and cancerous cells. Education and early career Sambrook was educated at the University of Liverpool (BSc (hons) 1962) and obtained his PhD at the Australian National University in 1966. He did postdoctoral research at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (1966–67) and the Salk Institute for Biological Studies (1967–69). In 1969 he was hired by James D. Watson to work at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York. Watson has beenreported to say this was the best hiring decision he ever made. Joe was responsible for creating a combative creative environment at CSHL that fomented discovery. Subsequently, he worked at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Dallas). Achievements Sambrook is best known for his studies on DNA tumor viruses and the molecular biology of normal and neoplastic cells. His Tumour Virus Group at Cold Spring Harbor identified and mapped all of the major genes of adenoviruses and SV40, determined their transcriptional control in infected and transformed cells, and elucidated the mechanism of integration of these viruses into the genomeof the host cell. He has also made important contributions to the understanding of intracellular traffic and protein folding and is an influential leader in the field of the molecular genetics of human cancer. Sambrook is a former Director of Research at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Melbourne. He was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 2000. and is a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was the founder and director of the Kathleen Cunningham Consortium for research into familial breast cancer, KConFab, that was established in 1995. Sambrook has published four editions of the ### Assistant:
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### User: Al-Awja (), also spelled Owja, Al-Auja or Al-Ouja, is a village 8 miles (13 km) south of Tikrit, in Iraq on the western bank of the Tigris. It was the birthplace of the former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein in 1937 and home of many of the leaders of Iraqi provinces during his Presidency over Iraq. When Saddam was found by the 4th Infantry Division, he was hidden only a few miles from his hometown in the town of Ad-Dawr. Saddam Hussein was buried in this village before dawn on December 31, 2006, less than 24 hours after his execution took ### Assistant:
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### User: Reverend John Stuart Roberts (born c.1939) is a Welsh writer and broadcaster, best known as the producer of the BBC's Everyman and Heart of the Matter series. He was also a presenter of the long-running Songs of Praise. Roberts was ordained as a minister in the Congregational Church before going into television, and is a Christian Socialist. He began his television career as Religious Broadcasting Organiser, and was later Head of BBC Radio. Huw Edwards, who sees him as a mentor, described him as "a free-thinking, provocative, unpredictable figure who openly despised the leaden ways of BBC management at that ### Assistant:
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### User: Funny Cow is a 2017 comedy drama directed by Adrian Shergold, written by Tony Pitts, and starring Maxine Peake, Paddy Considine, Tony Pitts, Stephen Graham and Alun Armstrong. The original songs and score were composed by Richard Hawley, with additional songs by Ollie Trevers. The film follows a woman making a name for herself in the stand-up comedy scene of working men's clubs in northern England. The film debuted on 9 October 2017 in the United Kingdom at the London Film Festival. Plot ‘Funny Cow’ charts the rise to stardom of a female comedian through the 1970s and 1980s. Itis set against the backdrop of working men's clubs and the stand-up comedy circuit of the North of England. Maxine Peake plays the role of Funny Cow, with Tony Pitts as her violent soul mate Bob. Paddy Considine acts as her middle class lover Angus, and Stephen Graham plays her father, as well as her brother Mike. Cast Maxine Peake as Funny Cow Stephen Graham as Mike / Funny Calf's Dad Paddy Considine as Angus Tony Pitts as Bob Alun Armstrong as Lenny Lindsey Coulson as Funny Cow Mum Kevin Eldon as Danny Christine Bottomley as Funny Calf Mum Hannah ### Assistant:
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### User: Lord Colum (baptised Columba) Edmund Crichton-Stuart (KM, MP) was born on 3rd April 1886 and died 18th August 1957, aged 71. Lord Colum Edmund Crichton-Stuart was the fourth child of John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of the County of Bute (d. 1900) and the Hon. Gwendolen Mary Anne Fitzalan-Howard (d. 1932). He married Elizabeth Caroline Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marchioness of Lansdowne (widow of Henry William Edmund [Petty-Fitzmaurice] 6th Marquess of Lansdowne; d. 25 Mar 1964) and the only daughter of Sir Edward Stanley Hope KCB and Constance C. Leslie. Lord Colum was educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford University, England. LordColum entered into the diplomatic service at the Foreign Office in 1911 and began his career at Whitehall. A master of seven languages he was later appointed an attacheship at the British Consulate-General in Cairo working under Lord Kitchener as 3rd secretary. He joined the Cadet Battalion at Bushey in July 1918 and gained the rank of 2nd Lieutenant in the Scots Guards (Special Reserve). Lord Colum stood for election in Cardiff East in December 1918, a seat once held by his brother Lord Ninian, losing to William Seager. Lord Colum's position in the civil service ended in 1920 helater served as Member of Parliament for the Northwich constituency in Cheshire from 1922 to 1945. In 1945, Lord Colum bestowed Pluscarden Priory in Moray, Scotland over to the Benedictine community at Prinknash Abbey in Gloucestershire, for use as a daughter house. He held the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Bute between 1953 and 1957. He collapsed and died in 1957 while attending a service of Mass at St. Andrew's Roman Catholic Church at Rothesay. References External links Category:1886 births Category:1957 deaths Category:Lord-Lieutenants of Buteshire Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Category:Younger sons of marquesses Category:UK MPs 1922–1923 Category:UK MPs ### Assistant:
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### User: Erik Andreas Rotheim (19 September 1898 – 18 September 1938) was a Norwegian professional chemical engineer and inventor. He is best known for invention of the first aerosol spray can and valve that could hold and dispense fluids. Biography Erik Rotheim was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway. He earned his engineering degree in Switzerland. In 1921, he graduated as a chemistry engineer at ETH Zürich with electrochemistry as a specialty. Later he attended Karlsruhe Institute of Technology for further education. Inventions He established his own company in Oslo during 1925. He submitted an application for an aerosol spray can ### Assistant:
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### User: Francis Patrick "Frankie" Gilhooley Jr. (June 15, 1924 – November 19, 2010) was an American professional basketball player and long-time minor league baseball announcer for the Toledo Mud Hens. He played for the Toledo Jeeps in the National Basketball League for eight games during the 1946–47 season. In college he played both baseball and basketball for the University of Notre Dame. In 1953, Gilhooley began his broadcasting career as the radio voice of the Toledo Sox. Over the next 50+ years he held various roles in radio and television, at one point anchoring the evening sportscast segments on regional television. ### Assistant:
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### User: The Thad Jones Mel Lewis Quartet is a live album by the Thad Jones Mel Lewis Quartet recorded in 1977 in Miami and released on the Artists House label in 1978. Reception Allmusic reviewer by Scott Yanow said "This is one of the finest small-group sessions of cornetist Thad Jones' career ... Jones plays at his peak ... Four of the songs are at least nine minutes long (two are over 15 minutes), yet Jones never loses his momentum. The musicians constantly surprise each other and there are many spontaneous moments during this often brilliant outing". Track listing "But Not ### Assistant:
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### User: Sandeid Church () is a parish church in Vindafjord municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Sandeid. The church is part of the Sandeid parish in the Haugaland deanery in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in 1904 by the architect Tengesdal. It seats about 300 people. History The first church at Sandeid was a medieval stave church that was likely built around the year 1100. The stave church was renovated and expanded over the centuries, but eventually was in poor condition and in 1814, the church was torn down and ### Assistant:
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### User: Össjö (; formerly Åsbo-Össjö) is a small town in the Ängelholm Municipality of Skåne County in Sweden. it has a recorded population of 192 and an area of 26 hectares. It lies at 56° 14´ north, 13° 2´ east. The town is the birthplace of musician Marie Fredriksson of the band Roxette, and the journalist and diplomat Arne Thorén. Össjö Gård, an estate, is located in Össjö. It was built in the years 1814-1815 by Adolf Fredrik Tornérhjelm. Other notable buildings include the railway station (built in 1904 by the Ängelholm Klippan railway, closed in 1953), and a church which ### Assistant:
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### User: Strawberry Saroyan is an American journalist and author. She writes for the New York Times Style section and the New York Times Magazine, and is the author of Girl Walks Into a Bar: A Memoir. Life Family Saroyan is the daughter of award-winning minimalist poet Aram Saroyan and the granddaughter of playwright William Saroyan and actress Carol Matthau. She spent her childhood in Bolinas, California, and she has a sister named Cream. References External links https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/19/magazine/amanda-hocking-storyseller.html Category:Living people Category:People from Bolinas, California Category:American people of Armenian descent Category:American people of Russian-Jewish descent Category:The New York Times writers Category:Place of birth ### Assistant:
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### User: Aðalheiður Guðmundsdóttir (b. March 7, 1965) is a professor of medieval Icelandic literature at the University of Iceland. Career Aðalheiður completed her matriculation examination from Verzlunarskóli Íslands in 1986, a BA in Icelandic from the University of Iceland in 1989, a Cand.mag. degree in Icelandic literature in 1993 and a Dr.phil. degree from the same university in 2002. Aðalheiður was a postdoctoral fellow at the Árni Magnússon Institute, funded by the Icelandic Centre for Research, from 2005 to 2007, a Sigurður Nordal research fellow at the same institute from 2008 to 2009, adjunct lecturer in folkloristics at the University ofIceland from 2009 and a senior lecturer in the same subject from 2012 to 2015. In 2016, she became a professor of Icelandic at the Faculty of Icelandic and Comparative Cultural Studies, University of Iceland. Aðalheiður has held various positions of trust at the University of Iceland and elsewhere, e.g. head of the Department of Icelandic, board member for the University of Iceland Research Fund, the University of Iceland Centre for Medieval Studies, the Association of Icelandic Language Teachers and the Society of Folklorists (chair). She has participated in many international collaborative projects and teaching staff exchange programmes, having worked ### Assistant:
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### User: Christianization (or Christianisation) is the conversion of individuals to Christianity or the conversion of entire groups at once. Various strategies and techniques were employed in Christianization campaigns from Late Antiquity and throughout the Middle Ages. Often the conversion of the ruler was followed by the compulsory baptism of his subjects, often resulting in genocide and ethnic cleansing of whole nations such as the Old Prussians. Some were evangelization by monks or priests, organic growth within an already partly Christianized society, or by campaigns against paganism such as the conversion of pagan temples into Christian churches or the condemnation of pagansome Christian practices and traditions to paganism. Early works of this type have tended to be downplayed and even dismissed as a form of Protestant apologetics aimed at "purification" of Christianity. Early Christianity (Ante-Nicaean) The Council of Jerusalem (around 50 AD), according to , agreed that lack of circumcision could not be a basis for excluding Gentile believers from membership in the Jesus community. Rather, they instructed new believers to avoid "pollution of idols, fornication, things strangled, and blood" (KJV, Acts 15:20-21), expecting them to hear Moses read on the Sabbath days. These clarifications were put into writing, distributed (KJV,Acts 16:4-5) by messengers present at the Council, and were received as an encouragement to the growth of these gentiles' trust in the God of Israel as revealed in the Gospel. The Apostolic Decree thus helped to establish nascent Christianity as a unique alternative among the forms of Judaism for prospective Proselytes. The Twelve Apostles and the Apostolic Fathers initiated the process of transforming the originally Jewish sect into a diaspora of communities composed of both Jews and gentiles, united by their trust in Jesus. The Armenian, Georgian and Ethiopian churches are the only instances of imposition of Christianity bytwo phases, before and after the year 312, which marked the momentous conversion (sincere or not debated for centuries) of Constantine. By this date, Christianity had already converted a significant but unknown proportion of at least the urban population of the empire including a small number of the elite classes. Constantine ended the intermittent persecution of Christianity with the Edict of Milan, in fact a quote from a letter of the emperor Licinius by Eusebius, which granted tolerance to all religions, but specifically mentions Christianity. Under Constantine's successors, Christianization of Roman society proceeded by fits and starts, as John Currandocumented in detail. Constantine's sons banned pagan state religious sacrifices in 341, but did not close the temples. Although all state temples in all cities were ordered shut in 356, there is evidence that traditional sacrifices continued. Under Julian, the temples were reopened and state religious sacrifices performed once more. When Gratian, emperor 376–383, declined the office and title of Pontifex Maximus, his act effectively brought an end to the state religion due to the position's authority and ties within the Imperial administration. Again, however, this process ended state official practices but not private religious devotion. As Christianity spread, manythe course of the following years. The effectiveness of these laws empire-wide is debatable. Christianization of the central Balkans is documented at the end of the 4th century, where Nicetas the Bishop of Remesiana brought the gospel to "those mountain wolves", the Bessi. Reportedly his mission was successful, and the worship of Dionysus and other Thracian gods was eventually replaced by Christianity. A turning point came after the Battle of the Frigidus of 395, ending the last serious attempt at a pagan revival in the now Christianized Roman Empire. After the defeat of Eugenius, the conservative pagan families of Romegave up their resistance to Christianity and began to re-invent themselves to maintain their social leadership. By this time the Christian hierarchy had adopted classical education and culture as the marks of the civilized person, thus bringing the two social groups into alliance. Under the regency of Stilicho (395-408), some paganism was still tolerated, but later in the 5th century, legislation against pagan possessions, and other pagan practices, became increasingly strict. There appear to have been later attempts at a pagan revival, in 456 in circles surrounding the general Marcellinus and under Anthemius (r. 467-472), but these came to nothing.Marcian in 451 put the death penalty on the practice on pagan rites, and Leo I in 472 reinforced this by penalizing anyone who was aware that pagan rites were performed on his property. The early Christianization of the Germanic peoples was achieved by various means, and was partly facilitated by the prestige of the Christian Roman Empire amongst European pagans. The early rise of Germanic Christianity was, thus, mainly due to voluntary conversion on a small scale. In the 4th century some Eastern Germanic tribes, notably the Goths, an East Germanic tribe, adopted Arianism. From the 6th century, Germanictribes were converted (and re-converted) by missionaries, firstly among the Franks, after Clovis I's conversion to Christianity in 496. Christianity at this time then constituted of a mix of Arian Christianity, Nicene Christianity, and Christianized Germanic paganism. The Lombards adopted Christianity as they entered Italy, also during the 6th century. Conversion of the West and East Germanic tribes sometimes took place "top to bottom", in the sense that missionaries sometimes aimed at converting Germanic nobility first, after which time their societies would begin a gradual process of Christianization that would generally take a matter of centuries, with some traces ofearlier beliefs remaining. The Franks were converted in the 5th century, after Clovis I's conversion to Nicene Christianity. In 498 (497 or 499 are also possible) he let himself be baptized in Rheims. With this act, the Frankish Kingdom became Christian, although it would take until the 7th century for the population to abandon some of their pagan customs. Christian beliefs and a remnant of pagan practices branded as superstitions existed side by side for many centuries. Christianization of Europe (7th-15th centuries) Great Britain and Ireland In most of Britain, the native Britons were already partly Christianized by the timea different variety to the Saxon or classical religions—to areas such as Northumbria and Dublin for a time before their own conversion. Frankish Empire The Germanic peoples underwent gradual Christianization in the course of the Early Middle Ages, resulting in a unique form of Christianity known as Germanic Christianity that was frequently some blend of Arian Christianity and Germanic paganism. The Eastern and Western tribes were the first to convert through various means. However, it would not be until the 12th century that the North Germanic peoples had Christianized. In the polytheistic Germanic tradition, it was possible to worship Jesusnext to the native gods like Woden and Thor. Before a battle, a pagan military leader might pray to Jesus for victory, instead of Odin, if he expected more help from the Christian God. According to legend, Clovis had prayed thus before a battle against one of the kings of the Alemanni, and had consequently attributed his victory to Jesus. The Christianization of the Franks laid the foundation for the further Christianization of the Germanic peoples. The next impulse came from the edge of Europe. Although Ireland had never been part of the Roman Empire, Christianity had come there anddeveloped, largely independently, into Celtic Christianity. The Irish monks had developed a concept of peregrinatio. This essentially meant that a monk would leave the monastery and his Christian country to proselytize among the heathens. From 590 onwards, Irish missionaries were active in Gaul, Scotland, Wales and England. During the Saxon Wars, Charlemagne, King of the Franks, Christianized the Saxons by way of warfare and law upon conquest. Czech lands Great Moravia and its successor state Duchy of Bohemia were founded by West Slavs in Central Europe in 9th century. The territory of Great Moravia was originally evangelized by missionaries comingfrom the Frankish Empire or Byzantine enclaves in Italy and Dalmatia since the early 8th century and sporadically earlier. The first Christian church of the Western and Eastern Slavs known to the written sources was built in 828 by Pribina, the ruler and Prince of the Principality of Nitra, although probably still a pagan himself, in his possession called Nitrava (today Nitra, Slovakia). The first Moravian ruler known by name, Mojmír I, was baptized in 831 by Reginhar, Bishop of Passau. Despite the formal endorsement by the elites, the Great Moravian Christianity was described as containing many pagan elements asthe German cleric Wiching the Bishop of Nitra, and Old Church Slavonic was recognized as the fourth liturgical language, along with Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Bulgaria After its establishment under Khan Asparukh in 681, Bulgaria retained the traditional Bulgar religion Tengriism and the pagan beliefs of the local Slavic population. In the mid-9th century, Boris I decided to establish Christianity as a state religion in Bulgaria. In 864, he was baptized in the capital Pliska by Byzantine priests. After prolonged negotiations with both Rome and Constantinople, he managed to create an autocephalous Bulgarian Orthodox Church and used the newly createdCyrillic script to make the Bulgarian language the language of the Church. Christianity was challenged during the rule of his first-born son, Vladimir-Rasate (889-893), who decided to return to the old Bulgarian religion. Boris I, who had previously retired to a monastery, led a rebellion against his son and defeated him. At the counsel of Preslav in 893, his third son, Simeon I who was born after the Christianization, was installed on the throne and the capital was moved from Pliska to Preslav as a symbol of the abolition of the old religion. Simeon I led a series of warsagainst the Byzantines to gain official recognition of his Imperial title and the full independence of the Bulgarian Church. As a result of his victories in 927, the Byzantines finally recognized the Bulgarian Patriarchate. Serbia The Serbs were baptised during the reign of Heraclius (610–641) by "elders of Rome" according to Constantine Porphyrogenitus in his annals (r. 913–959). In 733, Leo III attaches Illyricum to Patriarch Anastasius of Constantinople. The establishment of Christianity as state religion dates to the time of Eastern Orthodox missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius during Basil I (r. 867–886), who baptised the Serbs sometime before sendingled to the Christianization of the indigenous populations of the Americas such as the Aztecs and Incas. A large number of churches were built. Later waves of colonial expansion such as the Scramble for Africa or the struggle for India, by the Netherlands, Britain, France, Germany and Russia led to Christianization of other native populations across the globe such as the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Filipinos, Indians and Africans led to the expansion of Christianity eclipsing that of the Roman period and making it a truly global religion. United States The colonies which later became the United States werefor example, also known as Sarah-la-Kali, is thought by Ronald Lee to be a Christianization of Kali, a Hindu deity. Symbolism The cross is currently the most common symbol of Christianity, and has been for many centuries, coming to prominence during the 4th century (301 to 400 AD). The predecessor of the cross as the main Christian symbol was the labarum, a symbol formed by overlaying the first two letters of the Greek word for Christ in the Greek alphabet. Constantine I is widely considered to have introduced the symbol into Christianity, but the symbol itself predates this. Although Christiantradition argues that Constantine chose the labarum because he had a vision that led him to convert to Christianity, Constantine's conversion is disputed by some historians, who see Constantine's motive for choosing the labarum as political, with him deliberately making his banner one which could be interpreted as supporting either of the two major religions of the Roman Empire at the time. Prior to the labarum, the main Christian symbol, and the earliest, was a fish-like symbol now known as Ichthys (the Greek word for fish); the Greek word ιχθυς is an acronym for the phrase transliterated as "Iesou ChristosTheou Yios Sotiras", that is, "Jesus Christ, God's Son, the Savior". There are several other connections with Christian tradition relating to this choice of symbol: that it was a reference to the feeding of the multitude; that it referred to some of the apostles having previously been fishermen; or that the word Christ was pronounced by Jews in a similar way to the Hebrew word for fish (though Nuna is the normal Aramaic word for fish, making this seem unlikely). See also Forcible conversion to Christianity Christian debate on persecution and toleration Conquistador Crusades European colonization of the Americas Goaof Goa Christianization of Tonga In other religions Islamization Judaization Notes References Balmer, Randall (2001). Religion in Twentieth Century America. . Curran, John 2000. Pagan City and Christian Capital. (Oxford) . Reviewed by Fred S. Kleiner in Bryn Mawr Classical Review 20 Fletcher, Richard, The Conversion of Europe. From Paganism to Christianity 371-1386 AD. London 1997. Gaustad, Edwin Scott; Noll, Mark (2003). A Documentary History of Religion in America Since 1877. . Kaplan, Steven 1984 Monastic Holy Man and the Christianization of Early Solomonic Ethiopia (in series Studien zur Kulturkunde) Kerenyi, Karl, Dionysus: Archetypal Image of Indestructible Life 1976. MacMullen, ### Assistant:
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### User: Deborah Grant (born Deborah Jane Snelling; 22 February 1947) is an English actress. Born in London, Grant trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama and appeared on stage at the Bristol Old Vic and in the West End of London. She has had a successful television acting career. Since 2007, she has appeared on and off in the sitcom Not Going Out, as the mother of Tim (Tim Vine) and Lucy (Sally Bretton). She has been married twice, including to the actor Jeremy Child by whom she has a daughter. Television appearances Public Eye ... as Rosemary, in ### Assistant:
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### User: Timothy John "Tim" Dakin (born 6 February 1958) is an Anglican bishop. He was the General Secretary of the Church Mission Society (CMS) and the South American Missionary Society (SAMS) prior to his consecration. He has been the Bishop of Winchester since 2011 and is ex officio a Member of the House of Lords. He is additionally the Bishop for Higher and Further Education since 2013. Early life and education Dakin was born in Kongwa, Tanganyika, (modern Tanzania) where his parents were church missionaries working in Tanzania and Kenya. He attended kindergarten and primary school at St Mary's School, Nairobi,Kenya, but was otherwise educated in England. He studied theology and philosophy at University College of St Mark and St John in Plymouth, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1986. He the trained for ordination at King's College London, graduating with a Master of Theology (MTh) degree in 1987. Ordained ministry Dakin was ordained deacon in 1993 and priest in 1994. His first appointment was as Principal of the Church Army training college in Nairobi, during which time he was also an assistant curate at All Saints' Cathedral, Nairobi. He took up his appointment as General Secretaryof the Church Mission Society (CMS) in 2000. During this time, he was also an honorary curate of St James the Great, Ruscombe in the Diocese of Oxford, Church of England. Episcopal ministry His appointment as Bishop of Winchester was announced on 6 September 2011 and he legally became bishop with the confirmation of his election on 20 December 2011, ahead of his 25 January consecration by Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury, at St Paul's Cathedral. His installation at Winchester Cathedral was on 21 April and he was introduced in the House of Lords on 26 March. After John Taylorin 1974, he was only the second priest to be consecrated directly to the See of Winchester since 1595. In May 2013, Dakin was additionally appointed the Bishop for Higher and Further Education, a national spokesperson role. As Bishop of Winchester, he is the visitor to five Oxford colleges including New College, Oxford, and St John's College, Oxford. He also holds ex officio the position of Prelate of the Order of the Garter. Channel Islands controversy In January 2014, it was announced that the Channel Islands would be temporarily removed from the oversight of the Bishop of Winchester for theto the propriety, and indeed legality, of the Bishop’s actions.” The final decision of the Commission was that the Channel Islands should not return to the episcopal oversight of the Bishop of Winchester, but should instead be incorporated into the neighbouring Diocese of Salisbury, as a new permanent arrangement for episcopal care. The new arrangement is for both Jersey and Guernsey Deaneries, as relations had broken down across all the Channel Islands. In a report prepared for a visiting delegation during the Commission process, the Standing Committee of the Deanery of Guernsey wrote of its relationship with Bishop Dakin: “While ### Assistant:
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### User: The Volksbühne ("People's Theatre") is a theater in Berlin, Germany. Located in Berlin's city center Mitte on Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz (Rosa Luxemburg Square) in what was the GDR's capital. It has been called Berlin's most iconic theatre. The Volksbühne was built during the years 1913 to 1914 and was designed by Oskar Kaufmann, with integrated sculpture by Franz Metzner. It opened on December 30, 1914 and has its origin in an organization known as the "Freie Volksbühne" ("Free People's Theater") founded in 1890 by Bruno Wille and Wilhelm Bölsche, which sketched out the vision for a theater "of the people" in 1892. ### Assistant:
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### User: Nadesha Burlakova (born 17 February 1959) is a Soviet cross-country skier who competed from 1984 to 1986. At the 1984 Winter Olympics, she finished fourth in the 4 × 5 km relay, ninth in the 10 km, and 14th in the 5 km events. Burlakova's best World Cup finish was fourth in a 5 km event in Finland in 1984. Cross-country skiing results All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS). Olympic Games World Cup Season standings Team podiums 1 podium References External links Category:1959 births Category:Living people Category:Cross-country skiers at the 1984 Winter Olympics Category:Soviet female cross-country ### Assistant:
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### User: Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLRG1 gene. Function Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the killer cell lectin-like receptor (KLR) family, which is a group of transmembrane proteins preferentially expressed in NK cells. Studies in mice suggested that the expression of this gene may be regulated by MHC class I molecules. KLRG1 is a lymphocyte co-inhibitory,or immune checkpoint, receptor expressed predominantly on late-differentiated effector and effector memory CD8+ T and NK cells. Its ligands are E-cadherin and N-cadherin with similar affinities, respective markers of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Targeting of other co-inhibitory receptors for applications in oncology has gained widespread interest (e.g., CTLA-4, PD-1, and its ligand PD-L1). Unlike the obvious enhanced immune activation present in CTLA-4 and PD-1 gene knockout mice, KLRG1 knockout mice initially were found to have no abnormal features, though were subsequently found to have enhanced immunity in a tuberculosis challenge model. The characterization of KLRG1 as a “senescent” marker, but ### Assistant:
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### User: The Community of the Glorious Ascension (CGA) is an Anglican monastic community in the United Kingdom, co-founded in 1960 by twin brothers Michael Ball and Peter Ball who both later became bishops. It was founded in Stratford Park in Stroud, Gloucestershire. Until 2012 there was also a small house of sisters at Prasada in Montauroux, in the South of France. This has since been closed and the sisters retired to the mother house in the UK. In October 2015, Peter Ball was sentenced to 32 months' imprisonment for misconduct in public office and indecent assault after admitting the abuse of ### Assistant:
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### User: The 1999 Pan American Games, officially the XIII Pan American Games or the 13th Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event that was held from July 23 to August 8, 1999, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Approximately 5,000 athletes from 42 nations participated at the games. The competition was marred by a total of seven positive drug tests. Financially, the 1999 games were a success, generating a surplus of $8.9 million through a combination of fiscal restraint and the contribution of nearly 20,000 volunteers. The 1999 Pan American Games were the second Pan American Games hosted by Canada andWinnipeg. Previously, Winnipeg hosted the 1967 Pan American Games. Bidding Winnipeg beat both Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic and Bogota, Colombia in 1994 to win hosting rights for the event. Medal count To sort this table by nation, total medal count, or any other column, click on the icon next to the column title. Note The medal counts for the United States and Cuba are disputed. Sports 330 events in 35 sports were contested. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of medal events contested in each sport. Aquatics Canoeing (12) () Cycling () Mountain biking (2) Road (4) Track (12) Fieldhockey (2) () Gymnastics () Artistic gymnastics (14) Rhythmic gymnastics (2) Roller sports Volleyball First-time events The 1999 games marked the debut of the following competitions in the Pan American Games Beach volleyball Inline hockey Sailing – Sunfish class. World records set Weightlifting – 77 kilogram clean & jerk – 202.5 kilograms hoisted by Idalberto Aranda (Cuba) Impact of positive drug tests Perhaps the greatest drug scandal in the sport of track and field, since Ben Johnson's 1988 disqualification, occurred here when the world's only eight foot high jumper Javier Sotomayor tested positive for cocaine. A Cuban national hero, hissubsequent suspension was fought from the highest levels, Fidel Castro claiming it was a conspiracy. Despite a second positive test for cocaine a few months later, Sotomayor eventually had his suspension reduced by a year, just in time to win a silver medal at the Sydney Olympics. A year later he retired facing another positive drug test. Canada was stripped of its gold medal for inline hockey when the team's goaltender Steve Vézina tested positive for multiple banned substances. Venues Assiniboine Park – Archery. Birds Hill Provincial Park – Cycling (road race). Canwest Global Park – Baseball. Centennial Concert Hallused a temporary facility at Red River Exhibition Park. A portion of the Pan American Games Society (1999) budget supported the refurbishment of University of Manitoba campus residences to serve as the Athletes Village, the upgrade of various sport and training facilities including the Pan Am Stadium (University Stadium), which had hosted events of the 1967 games, and the construction of the new Investors Group Athletic Centre. Mascots The 1999 Games' mascot features two birds named Duck (Wood duck) and Lorita (Parrot). Legacy The 1999 Pan Am games have been "seen by many Winnipeggers as a chance to put theircity squarely in the international spotlight". Winnipeg mayor Glen Murray became nationally well known as a result of the Games and thanks to extensive coverage by the CBC, anchored by CBC Sports' Brian Williams. However, the Games themselves only had mixed success, as the Pan Am Games ranked below the Olympics and Commonwealth Games in international prestige. The Games cost $129 million CDN and finished with a financial surplus of $8.8 million CDN. Hosts Canada celebrated its medal haul, which was the second best after the United States. However, some considered Canada's results overrated, since the US amassed the mostmedals with a mostly second-string team while Canada and Cuba had fielded their top national athletes. Cuba also managed more golds than Canada, despite having a smaller roster. Frequent comparisons were made to the 1967 Pan Am Games, also hosted by Winnipeg, where the United States had fielded many rising stars, such as Mark Spitz. By comparison, the Americans had sent their "B" team to the 1999 Games. No major US networks covered the Pan Am Games, while newspapers only sent second-string reporters instead and the stories never made front page news. Many high-profile athletes, of all nationalities, such asUS champion sprinters and Brazilian football players, were in Europe during these Pan Am games, taking part in professional events. South American nations (with the exception of Uruguay) did not send their under-23 male soccer teams after the organizing committee refused to pay appearance money to CONMEBOL. 1999 Parapan American Games, Mexico City In 1999 Parapan American Games was not hosted in Winnipeg but rather in Mexico City. The inaugural event involved 1,000 athletes from 18 countries competing in four sports. and Mexico had the most medals for the Games. References Pan American Games Pan American Games P Category:Sports competitions ### Assistant:
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### User: Louis I of Orléans (13 March 1372 – 23 November 1407) was Duke of Orléans from 1392 to his death. He was also, Duke of Touraine (1386–1392), Count of Valois (1386?–1406) Blois (1397–1407), Angoulême (1404–1407), Périgord (1400–1407) and Soissons (1404–07). Louis was the second son of King Charles V of France and Joanna of Bourbon and was the younger brother of Charles VI. In 1498, his heirs male inherited the French throne after the extinction of the Valois main line. Succession in Hungary, Poland and Naples In 1374, Louis was betrothed to Catherine, heir presumptive to the throne of Hungary.to reign as King of Hungary. Role in court and the Hundred Years' War Louis played an important political role during the Hundred Years' War. In 1392 his elder brother Charles the Mad (who may have suffered from either schizophrenia, porphyria, paranoid schizophrenia or bipolar disorder) experienced the first in a lifelong series of attacks of 'insanity'. It soon became clear that Charles was unable to rule independently. In 1393 a regency council presided over by Queen Isabeau was formed, and Louis gained powerful influence. Louis disputed the regency and guardianship of the royal children with John the Fearless, Dukeof Burgundy. The enmity between the two was public and a source of political unrest in the already troubled France. Louis had the initial advantage, being the brother rather than the first cousin of the king, but his reputation as a womanizer and the rumour of an affair with the queen consort Isabeau of Bavaria made him extremely unpopular. For the following years, the children of Charles VI were successively kidnapped and recovered by both parties, until the Duke of Burgundy managed to be appointed by royal decree to be the guardian of Louis, the Dauphin and regent of France.Louis did not give up and took every effort to sabotage John's rule, including squandering the money raised for the relief of Calais, then occupied by the English. After this episode, John and Louis broke into open threats and only the intervention of John of Valois, Duke of Berry and uncle of both men, avoided a civil war. Louis was reportedly responsible for the deaths of four dancers at a disastrous 1393 masquerade ball that became known as the Bal des Ardents (Ball of the Burning Men). The four victims were burnt alive when a torch held by Louis cametoo close to their highly flammable costumes. Two other dancers wearing the same costumes (one of whom was Charles VI himself) narrowly escaped a similar fate. Murder On Sunday 20 November 1407, the contending Dukes exchanged solemn vows of reconciliation before the court of France. But only three days later, Louis was brutally assassinated in the streets of Paris, by the orders of the Duke of Burgundy John the Fearless. Louis was stabbed while mounting his horse by fifteen masked criminals led by Raoulet d'Anquetonville, a servant of the Duke of Burgundy. An attendant was severely wounded. John was supportedby the population of Paris and the University. He could even publicly admit the killing. Rather than deny it, John had the scholar Jean Petit of the Sorbonne deliver a peroration justifying the killing of tyrants. Louis' murder sparked a bloody feud and civil war between Burgundy and the French royal family which divided France for the next twenty-eight years, ending with the Treaty of Arras in 1435. Marriage and issue In 1389, Louis married Valentina Visconti, daughter of Gian Galeazzo, Duke of Milan. The union produced eight children: A son (born and died Paris, 25 March 1390), buried inParis église Saint-Paul. Louis (Paris, Hôtel de Saint-Pol, 26 May 1391 - September 1395), buried Paris église des Célestins. John (September 1393 - Château de Vincennes, bef. 31 October 1393), buried Paris église des Célestins. Charles, Duke of Orléans (Hôtel royal de Saint-Pol, Paris, 24 November 1394 - Château d'Amboise, Indre-et-Loire, 4 January 1465), father of Louis XII, King of France. Philip, Count of Vertus (Asnières-sur-Oise, Val d'Oise, 21/24 July 1396 - Beaugency, Loiret, 1 September 1420). Left a natural son Philip Anthony, called the Bastard of Vertus who died about 1445; no issue. John, Count of Angoulême (24 June1399 – Château de Cognac, Charente, 30 April 1467), grandfather of Francis I of France Marie (Château de Coucy, Aisne, April 1401 - died shortly after birth). Margaret (4 December 1406 - Abbaye de Laguiche, near Blois, 24 April 1466), married Richard of Brittany, Count of Étampes. She received the County of Vertus as a dowry. Ancestors of the Dukes of Brittany and Lords of Chalon-Arlay and Prince of Orange. By Mariette d'Enghien, his mistress, Louis had an illegitimate son: John of Dunois (1402–1468), ancestor of the Dukes of Longueville Honours - Duchy of Orléans: 1st Grand Master and Knightof the Order of the Porcupine he founded at the occasion of the baptism of his son Charles Ancestry References Sources Further reading Darwin, F. D. S. (1936) Louis d'Orléans (1372–1407): a necessary prologue to the tragedy of La Pucelle d'Orleans. London: John Murray Jager, Eric. (2014). Blood Royal: a true tale of crime and detection in Medieval Paris. Little, Brown, and Co. |- |- |- Orleans, Louis de Valois, duc d' Orleans, Louis de Valois, duc d' Category:Medieval murder victims Category:House of Valois-Orléans Valois, Louis de Valois, Louis de Valois, Louis de Valois, Louis de Valois, Louis de Valois, ### Assistant:
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### User: The Unsuspecting Angel (German: Der ahnungslose Engel) is a 1936 German comedy crime film directed by Franz Seitz and starring Joe Stöckel, Lucie Englisch and Franz Nicklisch. The film's sets were designed by the art director Max Seefelder. It was shot at the Munich Studios of Bavaria Film and on location in the city. Cast Joe Stöckel as Hörl, Grenzoberaufseher Lucie Englisch as Jozi Franz Nicklisch as Hans Markwart, Grenzaufseher Erika Glässner as Frau Bergmann, Wirtin vom Hirschenstand Otto Fassler as Stefan Meser Josef Eichheim as Onkelchen Erna Fentsch as Manja Jola Jobst as Steffi O. E. Hasse as Kornitzki ### Assistant:
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### User: Sir Christopher More (c. 1483 – 16 August 1549) was an English administrator, landowner, and Member of Parliament. More was the son of John More, a London fishmonger, and his wife, Elizabeth. He was active in local administration in Sussex and Surrey, and from 1505 until his death held office in the Exchequer, rising in 1542 to the post of King's Remembrancer. His sister, Alice More, was the fourth wife of Sir John More, father of Sir Thomas More. Family Christopher More, born about 1483, was the grandson of Thomas More of Norton, Derbyshire. He was the son of adied 16 August 1549, and was buried in the Loseley Chapel in St. Nicolas' Church, Guildford. Marriages and issue More married firstly, Margaret Mugge or Mudge, the daughter of Walter Mugge or Mudge of Guildford, Surrey, by whom he had five sons, Sir William More, Richard, two sons named Christopher, and John, and seven daughters, Elizabeth; Cecily; Margaret, who married Thomas Fiennes, a brother of Lord Dacre; Eleanor, who married William Heneage of Milton; Bridget, who married a husband surnamed Compton, of Guernsey; Anne, who married John Scarlett; and Elizabeth, who married John Wintershall or Wintershull. More married secondly, by1535, Constance Sackville, widow of William Heneage (d. 10 June 1525). She was the daughter of Richard Sackville (d. 28 July 1524), esquire, of Withyham, Sussex, and the sister of John Sackville. Constance survived him, and died at Shalford, Surrey, on 29 March 1554. Notes References External links Christopher More (1483-1549), History of Parliament Will of Sir Christopher More of Loseley, National Archives Will of Dame Constance More, National Archives Will of John Sackville, National Archives Sackville, John (1484-1557), History of Parliament Category:1480s births Category:1549 deaths Category:People from Surrey Category:People of the Tudor period Category:High Sheriffs of Surrey Category:High Sheriffs ### Assistant:
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### User: Dichomeris claviculata is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Meyrick in 1909. It is found in Mozambique and South Africa (Gauteng). The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are glossy fuscous-grey, sprinkled with black, especially towards the margins. The costal edge is whitish-ochreous on the anterior half, with a black basal dot. There is a slightly curved slender black bar in the disk at two-fifths representing the plical and first discal stigmata. A very small whitish-ochreous spot is found on the costa at two-thirds. The hindwings are grey. The larvae feed on Combretum species. References ### Assistant:
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### User: For the Australian genus, with some species sometimes called striped geckos, see Strophurus. For the Nepalese species called striped gecko, see Cyrtodactylus markuscombaiiDierogekko, sometimes known as the striped geckos, or the New Caledonian geckos, is a genus of lizards in the family Diplodactylidae endemic to New Caledonia. It includes nine species:Dierogekko baaba Skipwith, Jackman, Whitaker, Bauer, and Sadlier, 2014 Dierogekko inexpectatus Bauer, Jackman, Sadlier and Whitaker, 2006 Dierogekko insularis Bauer, Jackman, Sadlier and Whitaker, 2006 (Islands striped gecko)Dierogekko kaalaensis Bauer, Jackman, Sadlier and Whitaker, 2006 (Kaala striped gecko)Dierogekko koniambo Bauer, Jackman, Sadlier and Whitaker, 2006 (Koniambo striped gecko)Dierogekko nehoueensis Bauer, ### Assistant:
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### User: Waka Joseph Nathan (born 8 July 1940) is a retired New Zealand rugby union player. He was born in Auckland and was educated in Otahuhu College and was a member of the school's first fifteen. He played for Auckland domestically, for whom he made 88 appearances and scored 51 points. The Auckland RFU pre-season club cup is named in his honour. He first played for the New Zealand Māori and then the All Blacks from 1962 to 1967, as a breakaway. During his All Blacks career, he was on tour to Australia, the British Isles and South Africa. After his ### Assistant:
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### User: is a Japanese manga series by Wataru Yoshizumi. The story centers on the life of a pair of 14-year-old twins. It was initially published in the July 1997 issue of Ribon Comics until February 2000. It is completed in 6 volumes. However, it was compiled into 16 volumes in the Spanish version. It is licensed in French by Glénat, in Spain by Planeta DeAgostini Comics, and in Taiwan by Sharp Point Press. Plot Mint na Bokura is a light-hearted romance manga about fraternal twins, Noel and Maria Minamino (who happens to be very close to each other), and various love ### Assistant:
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### User: Leonard Willoughby (c. 1509-1560) was an English landowner who sat as MP for Wareham in Dorset. Origins Born by 1509, he was the first son and heir of Nicholas Willoughby (died 10 June 1542) and his wife Robegia, daughter of William Satchfield. His grandfather was Sir William Willoughby, who first acquired the lands of Turners Puddle, and his great-grandfather was John Willoughby, 8th Baron Latimer. His sister Margaret Willoughby married another Dorset landowner and MP, John Wadham of Catherston Leweston, who was Captain of Sandsfoot Castle in 1550 and Recorder of Lyme Regis in 1558. Life Primarily occupied with his ### Assistant:
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### User: The National Ballet of Canada is a Canadian ballet company that was founded in 1951 in Toronto, Ontario, with Celia Franca as the first artistic director. A company of 70 dancers with its own orchestra, the National Ballet has been led since 2005 by artistic director Karen Kain, one of the greatest ballerinas of her generation. Renowned for its diverse repertoire, the company performs traditional full-length classics, embraces contemporary work and encourages the creation of new ballets as well as the development of Canadian choreographers. The company's repertoire includes works by Sir Frederick Ashton, George Balanchine, John Cranko, Rudolf Nureyev,John Neumeier, William Forsythe, James Kudelka, Wayne McGregor, Alexei Ratmansky, Crystal Pite, Christopher Wheeldon, Aszure Barton, Guillaume Côté and Robert Binet. The National Ballet tours in Canada, the United States and internationally, with appearances in London, Paris, Hamburg, Moscow, St. Petersburg, New York City, Washington, D.C., Los Angeles and San Francisco. Creation of the National Ballet of Canada In 1951, the two major ballet companies in Canada were the Royal Winnipeg Ballet headed by Gweneth Lloyd, and the Volkoff Canadian Ballet founded by Boris Volkoff, which was based in Toronto. With the aim of creating a more widely based Canadianballet troupe, following the example set by the Sadler's Wells Royal Ballet, a group of Canadian ballet enthusiasts set out to create the National Ballet of Canada. Both Lloyd and Volkoff were interested in being the first artistic director of the company, but the organizers agreed that the only way to ensure an unbiased selection of dancers for the new ballet company was to hire an outsider. They chose British dancer and choreographer Celia Franca, who had many connections within the dance community and had been to Canada only twice at that point, as artistic director. Franca at first showedlittle interest in heading this new company; she had refused similar invitations in Australia and South Africa and liked living in the United Kingdom. Nevertheless, when she came to Canada in 1951 to attend a festival, the founders again asked her to consider the position. Franca accepted the job and became the first artistic director, while Volkoff was appointed as Resident Choreographer. Conductor George Crum acted as Musical Director. In August 1951, what was then The National Ballet Guild of Canada launched its first cross-country audition tour. By the end of the month, the ballet had chosen 29 dancers forthe troupe and was rehearsing for their first performance in the St. Lawrence Hall. For The National Ballet Guild of Canada's early performances, Franca chose classic ballets, as she believed this would allow the dancers to be properly judged by the international dance community. The first performance was in the Eaton Auditorium on November 12, 1951. The program included Les Sylphides and Polovtsian Dances from Prince Igor. Development The company toured Canada extensively, with Franca, Lois Smith and David Adams as its stars. In 1964, the National Ballet adopted the 3200-seat O'Keefe Centre (now known as Meridian Hall) in Torontoas its home venue. The company moved in 2006 to new facilities at the Four Seasons Centre for the Performing Arts. In 1976, Alexander Grant, former Principal Dancer with London's Royal Ballet and Artistic Director of Ballet for All, became the Artistic Director of the National Ballet. Under his leadership, the company added a number of works by Frederick Ashton to its repertoire. The National Ballet of Canada became the first Canadian company to perform at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London in 1979. In 1989, Reid Anderson became the artistic director. He led the company through a difficultBallet of Canada remains Canada's largest and most influential dance company. The National Ballet School of Canada The National Ballet School was founded in 1959 by Celia Franca and Julia Bondy and was directed for many years by co-founder Betty Oliphant. The primary goal of the school is to train dancers for the National Ballet of Canada and also for companies across Canada and around the world. Graduates of the School include Frank Augustyn, Neve Campbell, Anne Ditchburn, Rex Harrington, Karen Kain (current Artistic Director of the Company), James Kudelka (former Artistic Director of the Company), Veronica Tennant, Martine Lamy,de deux at the International Ballet Competition in Moscow in 1973. The following year, in 1974, while on a tour in Canada, Mikhail Baryshnikov defected and requested political asylum in Toronto and joined the Royal Winnipeg Ballet. His first televised performance after coming out of temporary seclusion in Canada was with the National Ballet of Canada in a version of La Sylphide. Dancers Principal Dancers Skylar Campbell Guillaume Côté Jurgita Dronina Naoya Ebe Francesco Gabriele Frola Greta Hodgkinson Harrison James Elena Lobsanova Svetlana Lunkina Evan McKie Heather Ogden Sonia Rodriguez Piotr Stanczyk Jillian Vanstone Principal Character Artists Lorna Geddes Stephanie ### Assistant:
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