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L_0211
introduction to groundwater
T_1341
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/introduction_to_groundwater_20870.png
L_0212
intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
T_1343
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/intrusive_and_extrusive_igneous_rocks_20871.png
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intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
T_1343
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/intrusive_and_extrusive_igneous_rocks_20872.png
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intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
T_1344
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/intrusive_and_extrusive_igneous_rocks_20873.png
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intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
T_1344
FIGURE 1.4 case, the magma cooled enough to form some crystals before erupting. Once erupted, the rest of the lava cooled rapidly. This is called porphyritic texture.
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textbook_images/intrusive_and_extrusive_igneous_rocks_20874.png
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intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
T_1344
FIGURE 1.5
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textbook_images/intrusive_and_extrusive_igneous_rocks_20875.png
L_0213
jupiter
T_1346
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/jupiter_20876.png
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jupiter
T_1346
FIGURE 1.2 Jupiters structure.
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textbook_images/jupiter_20877.png
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jupiter
T_1347
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/jupiter_20878.png
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jupiter
T_1348
FIGURE 1.4
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textbook_images/jupiter_20879.png
L_0215
landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1360
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20887.png
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landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1360
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20888.png
L_0215
landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1360
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20889.png
L_0215
landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1360
FIGURE 1.4
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20890.png
L_0215
landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1360
FIGURE 1.5
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20891.png
L_0215
landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1362
FIGURE 1.6 A large boulder dropped by a glacier is a glacial erratic.
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20892.png
L_0215
landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1363
FIGURE 1.7 The long, dark lines on a glacier in Alaska are medial and lateral moraines.
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20893.png
L_0215
landforms from glacial erosion and deposition
T_1364
FIGURE 1.8
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textbook_images/landforms_from_glacial_erosion_and_deposition_20894.png
L_0216
landforms from groundwater erosion and deposition
T_1367
FIGURE 1.1 When water sinks into the ground, it be- comes groundwater.
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textbook_images/landforms_from_groundwater_erosion_and_deposition_20895.png
L_0216
landforms from groundwater erosion and deposition
T_1367
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/landforms_from_groundwater_erosion_and_deposition_20896.png
L_0216
landforms from groundwater erosion and deposition
T_1368
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/landforms_from_groundwater_erosion_and_deposition_20897.png
L_0216
landforms from groundwater erosion and deposition
T_1368
FIGURE 1.4
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textbook_images/landforms_from_groundwater_erosion_and_deposition_20898.png
L_0217
lithification of sedimentary rocks
T_1369
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/lithification_of_sedimentary_rocks_20899.png
L_0221
location and direction
T_1381
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/location_and_direction_20907.png
L_0221
location and direction
T_1386
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/location_and_direction_20908.png
L_0222
long term climate change
T_1388
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/long_term_climate_change_20909.png
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long term climate change
T_1390
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/long_term_climate_change_20910.png
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long term climate change
T_1391
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/long_term_climate_change_20911.png
L_0224
magnetic evidence for seafloor spreading
T_1393
FIGURE 1.1 Magnetic polarity is normal at the ridge crest but reversed in symmetrical patterns away from the ridge center. This normal and reversed pattern continues across the seafloor.
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textbook_images/magnetic_evidence_for_seafloor_spreading_20912.png
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magnetic evidence for seafloor spreading
T_1394
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/magnetic_evidence_for_seafloor_spreading_20913.png
L_0225
magnetic polarity evidence for continental drift
T_1395
FIGURE 1.1 Magnetite crystals.
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textbook_images/magnetic_polarity_evidence_for_continental_drift_20914.png
L_0225
magnetic polarity evidence for continental drift
T_1396
FIGURE 1.2 Earths current north magnetic pole is in northern Canada.
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textbook_images/magnetic_polarity_evidence_for_continental_drift_20915.png
L_0225
magnetic polarity evidence for continental drift
T_1396
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/magnetic_polarity_evidence_for_continental_drift_20916.png
L_0225
magnetic polarity evidence for continental drift
T_1398
FIGURE 1.4 Click image to the left or use the URL below. URL: https://www.ck12.org/flx/render/embeddedobject/186134
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textbook_images/magnetic_polarity_evidence_for_continental_drift_20917.png
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maps
T_1399
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/maps_20918.png
L_0226
maps
T_1400
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/maps_20919.png
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maps
T_1400
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/maps_20920.png
L_0227
mars
T_1402
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/mars_20921.png
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mars
T_1405
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/mars_20922.png
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mars
T_1405
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/mars_20923.png
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mars
T_1405
FIGURE 1.4 The north polar ice cap on Mars.
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textbook_images/mars_20924.png
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mars
T_1406
FIGURE 1.5 The Mars Science Laboratory was launched on November 26, 2011 and will search for any evidence that the Red Planet was once capable of supporting life. Curiosity is a car-sized rover that will scour the red planet for clues after it lands in August 2012.
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textbook_images/mars_20925.png
L_0229
measuring earthquake magnitude
T_1409
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/measuring_earthquake_magnitude_20926.png
L_0230
mechanical weathering
T_1411
FIGURE 1.1 Ice wedging.
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textbook_images/mechanical_weathering_20927.png
L_0230
mechanical weathering
T_1412
FIGURE 1.2 Rocks on a beach are worn down by abrasion as passing waves cause them to strike each other.
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textbook_images/mechanical_weathering_20928.png
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mechanical weathering
T_1414
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/mechanical_weathering_20929.png
L_0231
mercury
T_1415
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/mercury_20930.png
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mercury
T_1417
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/mercury_20931.png
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mercury
T_1418
FIGURE 1.3 Mercury contains a thin crust, a mantle, and a large, liquid core that is rich in iron. Click image to the left or use the URL below. URL: https://www.ck12.org/flx/render/embeddedobject/186936
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textbook_images/mercury_20932.png
L_0232
mercury pollution
T_1420
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/mercury_pollution_20933.png
L_0232
mercury pollution
T_1421
FIGURE 1.2 Methyl mercury bioaccumulates up the food chain.
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textbook_images/mercury_pollution_20934.png
L_0233
mesosphere
T_1423
FIGURE 1.1 Although the mesosphere has extremely low pressure, it occasionally has clouds. The clouds in the photo are mesopheric clouds called noctilucent clouds.
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textbook_images/mesosphere_20936.png
L_0237
metamorphic rocks
T_1432
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/metamorphic_rocks_20939.png
L_0238
meteors
T_1435
FIGURE 1.1 A meteor streaks across the sky.
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textbook_images/meteors_20940.png
L_0238
meteors
T_1435
FIGURE 1.2 A lunar meteorite originates on the Moon and strikes Earth. Click image to the left or use the URL below. URL: https://www.ck12.org/flx/render/embeddedobject/186958
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textbook_images/meteors_20941.png
L_0240
milky way
T_1439
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/milky_way_20944.png
L_0240
milky way
T_1439
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/milky_way_20945.png
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moon
T_1473
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/moon_20973.png
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moon
T_1474
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/moon_20974.png
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moon
T_1475
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/moon_20975.png
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moon
T_1475
FIGURE 1.4 The Moons internal structure shows a small metallic core (yellow), a primi- tive mantle (orange), a depleted mantle (blue), and a crust (gray). The crust is composed of igneous rock rich in the elements oxygen, silicon, magnesium, and aluminum. The crust is about 60 km thick on the near side of the Moon and about 100 km thick on the far side.
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textbook_images/moon_20976.png
L_0248
natural gas power
T_1481
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/natural_gas_power_20980.png
L_0248
natural gas power
T_1483
FIGURE 1.2 A natural gas drill rig in Texas.
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textbook_images/natural_gas_power_20981.png
L_0249
natural resource conservation
T_1484
FIGURE 1.1 Recycling can help conserve natural re- sources.
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textbook_images/natural_resource_conservation_20982.png
L_0250
neptune
T_1485
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/neptune_20983.png
L_0250
neptune
T_1486
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/neptune_20984.png
L_0250
neptune
T_1487
FIGURE 1.3 Click image to the left or use the URL below. URL: https://www.ck12.org/flx/render/embeddedobject/186951
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textbook_images/neptune_20985.png
L_0251
nitrogen cycle in ecosystems
T_1489
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/nitrogen_cycle_in_ecosystems_20986.png
L_0251
nitrogen cycle in ecosystems
T_1489
FIGURE 1.2 The nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria either live free or in a symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants (peas, beans, peanuts). The symbiotic bacteria use carbohydrates from the plant to produce ammonia that is useful to the plant. Plants use this fixed nitrogen to build amino acids, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), and chlorophyll. When these legumes die, the fixed nitrogen they contain fertilizes the soil.
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textbook_images/nitrogen_cycle_in_ecosystems_20987.png
L_0252
non renewable energy resources
T_1492
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/non_renewable_energy_resources_20988.png
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non renewable energy resources
T_1495
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/non_renewable_energy_resources_20989.png
L_0253
nuclear power
T_1497
FIGURE 1.1 When struck by a tiny particle, Uranium-235 breaks apart and releases energy.
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textbook_images/nuclear_power_20990.png
L_0253
nuclear power
T_1497
FIGURE 1.2 Nuclear power plants like this one provide France with almost 80% of its electricity.
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textbook_images/nuclear_power_20991.png
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nuclear power
T_1498
FIGURE 1.3 Uranium mine in Kakadu National Park, Australia.
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textbook_images/nuclear_power_20992.png
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nuclear power
T_1498
FIGURE 1.4
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textbook_images/nuclear_power_20993.png
L_0255
obtaining energy resources
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FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/obtaining_energy_resources_20996.png
L_0255
obtaining energy resources
T_1504
FIGURE 1.2 Less energy is being wasted. Non-renewable resources will last longer. The cost is kept lower.
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textbook_images/obtaining_energy_resources_20997.png
L_0256
ocean ecosystems
T_1505
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/ocean_ecosystems_20998.png
L_0256
ocean ecosystems
T_1507
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/ocean_ecosystems_20999.png
L_0256
ocean ecosystems
T_1507
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/ocean_ecosystems_21000.png
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ocean ecosystems
T_1507
FIGURE 1.4
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textbook_images/ocean_ecosystems_21001.png
L_0256
ocean ecosystems
T_1508
FIGURE 1.5
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textbook_images/ocean_ecosystems_21002.png
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ocean garbage patch
T_1510
FIGURE 1.1 Trash has washed up on this beach.
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textbook_images/ocean_garbage_patch_21003.png
L_0257
ocean garbage patch
T_1513
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/ocean_garbage_patch_21004.png
L_0257
ocean garbage patch
T_1513
FIGURE 1.3 Plastic bags in the ocean can be mis- taken for food by an unsuspecting marine predator.
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textbook_images/ocean_garbage_patch_21005.png
L_0258
ocean zones
T_1516
FIGURE 1.1 Vertical and horizontal ocean zones.
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textbook_images/ocean_zones_21006.png
L_0259
oil spills
T_1520
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/oil_spills_21007.png
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oil spills
T_1522
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/oil_spills_21008.png
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oil spills
T_1522
FIGURE 1.3 Burning the oil can reduce the amount in the water.
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textbook_images/oil_spills_21009.png
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oil spills
T_1522
FIGURE 1.4 A containment boom holds back oil, but it is only effective in calm water.
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textbook_images/oil_spills_21010.png
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oil spills
T_1524
FIGURE 1.5 The toll on wildlife is felt throughout the Gulf. Plankton, which form the base of the food chain, are killed by the oil, leaving other organisms without food. Islands and marshlands around the Gulf have many species that are already at risk, including four endangered species of sea turtles. With such low numbers, rebuilding their populations after the spill will be difficult.
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textbook_images/oil_spills_21011.png
L_0260
overpopulation and over consumption
T_1528
FIGURE 1.1 Pesticides are hazardous in large quanti- ties and some are toxic in small quantities.
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textbook_images/overpopulation_and_over_consumption_21012.png
L_0260
overpopulation and over consumption
T_1530
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/overpopulation_and_over_consumption_21013.png
L_0261
ozone depletion
T_1532
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/ozone_depletion_21015.png
L_0261
ozone depletion
T_1532
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/ozone_depletion_21016.png
L_0261
ozone depletion
T_1533
FIGURE 1.3
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textbook_images/ozone_depletion_21017.png
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paleozoic and mesozoic seas
T_1536
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/paleozoic_and_mesozoic_seas_21018.png
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paleozoic plate tectonics
T_1540
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/paleozoic_plate_tectonics_21019.png
L_0264
petroleum power
T_1544
FIGURE 1.1
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textbook_images/petroleum_power_21021.png
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petroleum power
T_1545
FIGURE 1.2
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textbook_images/petroleum_power_21022.png