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Scanning force microscopes and friction force microscopes are built in a wide variety of designs.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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The authors present a new design for a compact stand-alone force and friction microscope.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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The cause of these painful fluid-filled bumps includes the friction of ill-fitting or stiff shoes and wrinkled socks against the skin.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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The force microscope was equipped to measure topography of the sample surface and the friction force between the sample and the tip.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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The force of friction
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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These meteors collide with the molecules of air in our atmosphere and the resulting friction causes them to burn up.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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This new microscope, the scanning force and friction microscope (SFFM), is sensitive to the chemical composition of the surface and should open new frontiers in tribology.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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Watch for evening thunderstorms in coastal communities, where east winds and the gulf breezes collide, causing an eruption of friction and electricity in the sky.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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When two surfaces try to move past each other these little bumps collide and slow the motion of the surfaces down causing what we call friction.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 1entails
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friction forces and friction machines;
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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microscopic details of friction 8.
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Friction force is caused by microscopic bumps, lumps, and imperfections colliding.
| 0neutral
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According to Chapman, water from ancient rivers flowing across the Red Planet may still exist in the form of ice beneath rock-covered basins near the equator of Mars.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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During aphelion water ice clouds form in the atmosphere, interacting with the dust particles and affecting the temperature of the planet.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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ICE The solid form of water.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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Ice melting to form water
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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In a Nature paper, two scientists present evidence that water may be transported into planet interiors in the form of a high-pressure ice called " ice VII ".
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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In this cycle it can take the form of solid (ice), liquid, gas (water vapor).
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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Other planets have water, but they either have it as a gas (Venus) or ice (Mars).
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 1entails
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Right now there are ice caps on the surface, but at one time there may have been water in liquid form under the surface of the planet.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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Snow is a form of ice and water.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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That's because ice takes up more room than the water from which it's formed--ice is less dense than water.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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The Martians, as the story went, constructed an elaborate system of canals to transport life-sustaining water from Mars' polar ice caps to the planet's arid equatorial regions.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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The measurements will allow scientists to gauge the amount of water on Mars, including that frozen in the planet s polar ice caps.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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The polar ice caps are melted to allow the water to flow in the canals and riverbeds ( Beige Planet Mars p.2).
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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This drawing shows the design of the Mars microprobes, set to penetrate the planet's south polar ice and sample it for water on Dec. 3.
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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Water, Ice, and Permafrost on Mars and Europa;
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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water and ice on Mars;
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Water takes the form of ice on planet mars.
| 0neutral
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A gas (answer C) has neither a definite shape nor definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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A gas does not have a definite shape nor a definite size.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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A gas has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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A gas has neither definite volume nor shape;
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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A gas is a form of matter that does not have a defined shape or volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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A gas is a phase of matter that has no definite volume or shape.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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A gas is matter that has no definite shape or volume, such as oxygen.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Department of Education Gas does not have a definite shape and it does not have a definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Emphasize that gases have neither definite volume nor definite shape and that they tend to fill up whatever space is available to them.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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GASES have neither a definite shape nor definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gas is a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases are characterized as having no definite shape or definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases do not have a definite shape nor a definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have no definite volume or shape.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have neither definite shape not definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have neither definite volume nor shape.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have no definite shape nor volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have no definite shape or a definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have no definite shape or volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gases have no definite volume and no definite shape.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Gasses have neither a definite shape nor volume, and both of these are defined by the shape and volume of their container.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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However, a gas is a substance with neither a definite shape nor volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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I 4.3.1d Gases have neither a determined shape nor a definite volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Liquid Liquid definite volume but indefinite shape; particles close together but not in fixed positions Gas Gas neither definite volume nor definite shape; particles are at great distances from one another Plasma high temperature, ionized phase of matter as found on the sun.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Matter that has no definite shape and no definite volume is a gas .
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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The gas phase does not have a definite shape or volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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The phase of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is (A) liquid (B) solid (C) gas (D) plasma.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 0neutral
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The reason why a gas does not have a definite volume and a definite shape is because the atoms and molecules spread out when the amount of space between them increases.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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The solid state contains its definite shape and volume while liquid has a definite volume not shape while the gases have nothing neither definite shape nor size.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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Thus gas does not have a definite shape and volume.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
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a gas has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume but expands to fill any container in which it is placed.
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The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
|
gases have neither definite shape nor volume.
|
The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 1entails
|
An oxygen atom gains two electrons to form the oxide ion .
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Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 0neutral
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Describe the connection between the electron configuration of an main-group atom and the particular monatomic ion it forms.
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Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 0neutral
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Ionic bonds are formed when atoms become ions by gaining or losing electrons.
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Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 0neutral
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Ions Some atoms have the ability to gain or lose electrons.
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Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 0neutral
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Single electron atom-ion collisions .
|
Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 0neutral
|
These rules apply to simple ions, called monatomic ions, formed by adding electrons to or removing them from a single atom.
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Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 1entails
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When an atom gains an electron it becomes a POSITIVE ion.
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Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 0neutral
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an atom that gains an electron forms a negatively charged ion, called an anion.
|
Monatomic ions form when a single atom gains or loses electrons.
| 0neutral
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As the water-vapor-laden air expands, it cools and the vapor condenses on minute particles, forming the cloud we see.
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Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.
| 1entails
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Clouds form in the free atmosphere primarily as a result of condensation or deposition of water vapor in ascending air.
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Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.
| 1entails
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Clouds form when the invisible water vapor in the air condenses into visible water droplets or ice crystals.
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Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.
| 1entails
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Clouds form when water vapor condenses around small particles, like bits of dust or smoke in the air.
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Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.
| 1entails
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Small particles in the air become surfaces on which water vapor can condense and forms cloud droplets which are known as cloud condensation nuclei.
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Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.
| 1entails
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When warm air is cooled, the water vapor condenses out and forms clouds which result in precipitation.
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Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.
| 1entails
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the water vapor condenses to form clouds, which are millions of tiny drops of water;
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Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.
| 1entails
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As shown in Scheme 2, Swern oxidation of alcohol 12 gave ketone 13.
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 0neutral
|
Ketones may be formed by the oxidation of secondary alcohols.
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 1entails
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Peripheral carbon atoms were oxidized, producing aromatic alcohols, ketones;
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 0neutral
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R 2 Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to ketones.
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 1entails
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Secondary alcohols Secondary alcohols are oxidized to give ketones .
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 1entails
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Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to ketones.
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 1entails
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The ketone is the product of the oxidation of a secondary alcohol.
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 1entails
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The reverse of the MPV reaction, oxidation of an alcohol to a ketone, is termed the Oppenauer oxidation.
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 0neutral
|
exhibit hydrogen bonding higher solubility in water can be oxidized to form aldehydes or ketones more intense color Tertiary alcohols can't be oxidized to either aldehydes or ketones.
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Secondary alcohol forms a ketone when oxidized.
| 0neutral
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A liquid solution consists of a dissolved substance called a solute, and a liquid called a solvent.
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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A solution consists of a solute (def) dissolved in a solvent (def) .
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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A solution is formed when a solid (solute) is dissolved in a liquid (solvent).
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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A solvent is a substance, that becomes a solution by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute.
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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A solvent is the liquid in a solution that dissolves the substance in the solution.
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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All solutions are composed of a solvent (water or other fluid) and a solute (the dissolved substance).
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
|
Background Solution of Liquids A solution is formed when a (usually solid) solute is dissolved in a liquid solvent .
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
|
By solution, we mean that the solute is completely dissolved in the solvent.
|
A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
|
Solute A substance dissolved in a solvent , forming a solution .
|
A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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Solution The mixture of dissolved material, the solute and the liquid solvent .
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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Solvent A liquid that dissolves another substance (or substances) to form a solution .
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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The most common solution is the aqueous solution, which is formed when a substance (solute) is dissolved (known as solvation process) in water (solvent).
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A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
| 1entails
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Ammonium nitrate particles form only when oxides of nitrogen oxide emissions from vehicle exhaust and other high-temperature combustion sources (such as power plants) convert to nitric acid and combine with ammonia.
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Nitrogen oxide form(s) when nitrogen and oxygen combine at high temperatures.
| 0neutral
|
However, most nitrogen oxides are formed by the reaction of atmospheric nitrogen with oxygen in high temperature flames.
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Nitrogen oxide form(s) when nitrogen and oxygen combine at high temperatures.
| 1entails
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Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)-gases formed in great part from atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen when combustion takes place under conditions of high temperature and high pressure;
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Nitrogen oxide form(s) when nitrogen and oxygen combine at high temperatures.
| 1entails
|
Nitrogen oxides are pollutants produced by the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen when high temperatures are generated in internal combustion engines and furnaces.)
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Nitrogen oxide form(s) when nitrogen and oxygen combine at high temperatures.
| 1entails
|
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