ComplexDataLab/cdl-data-chai-enwiki-20250520

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Draft:The Black Farmer	Recognition	Recognition The Black Farmer has been featured in: BBC News The Guardian Financial Times Country Life Sainsbury's Magazine It has also received funding from investors and SME support initiatives, including a £1 million working capital line from Bibby Financial Services in 2023.Retail Times – Funding announcement
Draft:The Black Farmer	See also	See also British cuisine Wilfred Emmanuel-Jones List of food companies of the United Kingdom Diversity in agriculture
Draft:The Black Farmer	External links	External links Official website
Draft:The Black Farmer	References	References
Draft:The Black Farmer	Table of Content	AfC submission/draft, History, Products, Brand positioning, Social impact, Recent developments, Recognition, See also, External links, References
Khun Yuam Airfield	Infobox airport	Khun Yuam Airfield (ICAO: VTCK) is an abandoned World War II airfield in Khun Yuam, Mae Hong Son province, northern Thailand. It operated mainly as an emergency landing ground throughout the war.
Khun Yuam Airfield	History	History Khun Yuam Airfield was constructed between late 1940 and mid-1941. It was first observed by the US government on June 1942 as a Type “E” airfield, designating it for emergency usage. It may have been used by the Japanese to forward transport and supplies. Beginning in late 1943 and onward, Allied intelligence began tracking the airfield as an emergency landing ground, though often unserviceable. It served a utilitarian function, occasionally used for Thai airmail services, with 3 flights/month between Mae Hong Son and Mae Sariang. On 20 March 1945, a commercial Thai mail plane was attacked by an American North American P-51 Mustang, crashing in Mae Surin, located about 9 km north of Khun Tuam. On April, 1945, Khun Yuam Airfield was reported with a single rolled earth runway, capable of dry weather operations.
Khun Yuam Airfield	Post-war Usage	Post-war Usage After the war, the remaining Japanese army were ordered to deploy to Khum Yuam, where they were employed in repairing Khun Yuam Airfield to facilitate surrender operations. However, the British history book volume 5 of The War Against Japan, had mistakenly claimed that Khun Yuam Airfield was rather built after the war by surrendering Japanese. According to several interviews with locals, after being repaired, British aircraft arrived to carry Japanese engineers to fix bridges and structures in Myanmar. There were three or four flights every day, only able to transport three occupants, including the pilot. They also transported unwell people and people of importance to Toungoo. Khun Yuam Airfield was then shown on a 1957 United States Army map, on a 1971 Air America listing, and finally labeled closed on a 1983 Tactical Pilot Chart. After this, the airstrip remained abandoned, still appearing on listings onwards.
Khun Yuam Airfield	Present	Present Today, Khun Yuam Airfield is abandoned. The airfield is still visible, with several obstructions on the runway.
Khun Yuam Airfield	Commemoration	Commemoration In 1995, the Thai-Japan Friendship Memorial was established by Police Colonel Chertchai Chonthawat. Originally having a small, poorly maintained museum, in 2013, a new museum was financially funded by Japan and opened. Today, the museum houses over 1,000 artifacts left by Japanese soldiers. It's admission fees are 100 baht for adults and 50 baht for children.
Khun Yuam Airfield	References	References Category:Defunct airports in Thailand
Khun Yuam Airfield	Table of Content	Infobox airport , History, Post-war Usage, Present, Commemoration, References
2026 Six Nations Championship	Short description	The 2026 Men's Six Nations Championship (known as the Guinness Men's Six Nations for sponsorship reasons and branded as M6N) is a rugby union competition scheduled to take place from early February to mid-March 2026, featuring the men's national teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. It will be the 132nd season of the competition (including its incarnations as the Home Nations Championship and the Five Nations Championship), but the 27th since it expanded to become the Six Nations Championship in 2000. It will begin on 5 February 2026 with a Thursday night match between France and Ireland, and end with France against England on 14 March. France will enter the tournament as reigning champions, having reclaimed the title from Ireland in 2025.
2026 Six Nations Championship	Participants	Participants Nation Stadium Head coach Captain World Rugby Ranking Home stadium Capacity Location Start End Twickenham Stadium 82,000 London tbc Aviva Stadium 51,700 Dublin Stadio Olimpico 73,261 Rome Murrayfield Stadium 67,144 Edinburgh Millennium Stadium 73,931 Cardiff
2026 Six Nations Championship	Table	Table Table ranking rules Four points are awarded for a win. Two points are awarded for a draw. A bonus point is awarded to a team that scores four or more tries, or loses by seven points or fewer. If a team scores four or more tries, and loses by seven points or fewer, they are awarded both bonus points. Three bonus points are awarded to a team that wins all five of their matches (a Grand Slam). This ensures that a Grand Slam-winning team would top the table with at least 23 points, as there would otherwise be a scenario where a team could win all five matches with no bonus points for a total of 20 points and another team could win four matches with bonus points and lose their fifth match while claiming one or more bonus points giving a total of 21 or 22 points. Tiebreakers If two or more teams are tied on table points, the team with the better points difference (points scored less points conceded) is ranked higher. If the above tiebreaker fails to separate tied teams, the team that scores the higher number of total tries (including penalty tries) in their matches is ranked higher. If two or more teams remain tied after applying the above tiebreakers then those teams will be placed at equal rank; if the tournament has concluded and more than one team is placed first then the title will be shared between them.
2026 Six Nations Championship	Fixtures	Fixtures The fixtures for the 2026 Six Nations were announced on 19 May 2025, beginning with the Six Nations' first ever Thursday night game between France and Ireland. It will also feature a Friday night game in the fourth round of matches as Ireland host Wales. The competition is also set to take place over a reduced timeframe; instead of having rest weeks after rounds 2 and 3, it will now only have a rest week after round 3.
2026 Six Nations Championship	Round 1	Round 1
2026 Six Nations Championship	Round 2	Round 2
2026 Six Nations Championship	Round 3	Round 3
2026 Six Nations Championship	Round 4	Round 4
2026 Six Nations Championship	Round 5	Round 5
2026 Six Nations Championship	See also	See also 2026 Women's Six Nations Championship 2026 Six Nations Under 20s Championship
2026 Six Nations Championship	Notes	Notes
2026 Six Nations Championship	References	References 2026 Category:2026 rugby union tournaments for national teams Category:2025–26 in European rugby union Category:2025–26 in Irish rugby union Category:2025–26 in English rugby union Category:2025–26 in Welsh rugby union Category:2025–26 in Scottish rugby union Category:2025–26 in French rugby union Category:2025–26 in Italian rugby union Category:February 2026 sports events in Europe Category:March 2026 sports events in Europe
2026 Six Nations Championship	Table of Content	Short description, Participants, Table, Fixtures, Round 1, Round 2, Round 3, Round 4, Round 5, See also, Notes, References
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bengali LGBTQ Literature	<div class="boilerplate afd vfd xfd-closed archived mw-archivedtalk" style="background-color: var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #F3F9FF); color: var(--color-base, inherit); margin: 2em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #AAAAAA);"> :''The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. <span style="color:var(--color-error, red);">'''Please do not modify it.'''</span> Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's [[Help:Using talk pages	The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page. The result was moved to Bengali LGBTQ literature and subsequently G11'd‎__EXPECTED_UNCONNECTED_PAGE__. (non-admin closure) ARandomName123 (talk)Ping me! 16:39, 19 May 2025 (UTC) :Bengali LGBTQ Literature – (View AfDView log \| edits since nomination) () The content fails to show notable impact, or significant RS attention, and does not meet the notability requirements of WP:GNG and I think it fulfill WP:A7. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:40, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Literature, Bangladesh, India, and West Bengal. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:40, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Comment : see deletion log of this article under A7. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:43, 19 May 2025 (UTC) I don't think it really fits A7, if I'm being honest. A7 only covers people, animals, organizations, web content, or an event. This covers a literature genre, which doesn't fit cleanly under any of those topics. As far as the topic's notability goes, I think that there's a high chance that the topic of Bengali LGBTQ literature is likely notable. However part of the issue is that coverage is likely not going to be heavily in English, making it difficult for people not fluent to search. Another issue is that the term "Bengali" can refer to either people of Bangladesh or people of West Bengal in India. This would make searching a bit more odd for those of us who aren't as savvy with the terminology and what exactly to look for. In other words, there's no clear, easy parent article to merge into. It doesn't really fit cleanly into either the article on homosexuality in India nor would it fit into a comparable article on Bangladesh, if it existed. But it does seem clear that the topic is notable per coverage like this, where it covers an author who would fall under the banner of a Bengali LGBT author given that he is from a city in West Bengal and wrote heavily on the topic. So I think the two things here is this - it's not an A7 candidate and the topic does give off the impression of notability, so I think it would be better to try to improve it - we just need someone who is fluent in Bengali and/or one of the other local languages to search. ReaderofthePack(formerly Tokyogirl79) (｡◕‿◕｡) 12:57, 19 May 2025 (UTC) My preference if there were someone willing to create it, would be for this to be covered in a larger article about homosexuality and the Bengali people. But I don't have the time to create it, so I'm writing here in hopes someone else wants to make that. ReaderofthePack(formerly Tokyogirl79) (｡◕‿◕｡) 12:59, 19 May 2025 (UTC) I have no issue in withdrawing if someone improve this article. Regards. Chronos.Zx (talk) 13:22, 19 May 2025 (UTC) The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bengali LGBTQ Literature	Table of Content	<div class="boilerplate afd vfd xfd-closed archived mw-archivedtalk" style="background-color: var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #F3F9FF); color: var(--color-base, inherit); margin: 2em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #AAAAAA);"> :''The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. <span style="color:var(--color-error, red);">'''Please do not modify it.'''</span> Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's [[Help:Using talk pages
Chak 163 NB	Infobox settlement	Chak 163 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 3,632.
Chak 163 NB	References	References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District
Chak 163 NB	Table of Content	Infobox settlement , References
Draft:Facctum	AfC submission	Facctum is a London-based private regulatory technology (RegTech) company, headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Developing software for Financial crime compliance, including anti-money laundering (AML), sanctions screening, and customer due diligence. The company was founded in 2021 by Krishna Kumar (K.K.) Gupta and operates internationally with offices in the United Kingdom, Ireland, India, and the United Arab Emirates.
Draft:Facctum	History	History Facctum was established in September 2021 by Krishna Kumar Gupta, a seasoned executive with over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry. Gupta's prior roles include Chief Information Officer for Barclays US Consumer Bank and Chief Data Officer for Barclays UK. He also served as Managing Director for Global Compliance Technology at Citigroup. Facctum was founded to develop technology for real-time Financial crime risk management . In 2022, Facctum states that it launched an open-access customer screening tool designed to address inefficiencies in existing compliance software.Later that year, it introduced a real-time transaction screening engine aimed at improving the identification of risk in payment flows. In 2023, Gupta was recognized by CEO Insights India as one of the "Top 10 IT CEOs," highlighting his contributions to the field of financial risk management. In 2023, Facctum launched its technology in Nigeria, aiming to enhance financial crime detection capabilities for Nigerian banks. In 2023, Facctum partnered with NTT Data Payment Services India to implement its name screening technology for AML and counter-terrorist financing processes. In October 2024, Facctum partnered with Lucinity, an Iceland-based compliance platform, to develop AI-powered solutions for watchlist screening and investigations.
Draft:Facctum	Operations	Operations Facctum operates globally, with offices in London, Bengaluru, and Pune. The company focuses on developing cloud-first, scalable solutions that integrate into clients' technology infrastructures.
Draft:Facctum	Recognition	Recognition In 2022, Facctum achieved ISO/IEC 27001 certification for information security management. Facctum was also shortlisted for the Fraud & Financial Crime category at the Regulation Asia Pitch! Awards in 2023.
Draft:Facctum	References	References
Draft:Facctum	External links	External links Official website :Category:Financial technology companies :Category:Companies established in 2021 :Category:Financial crime prevention :Category:Companies based in London
Draft:Facctum	Table of Content	AfC submission, History, Operations, Recognition, References, External links
Chak 111 NB	Infobox settlement	Chak 111 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 2,767.
Chak 111 NB	References	References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District
Chak 111 NB	Table of Content	Infobox settlement , References
List of departments of the government of Andhra Pradesh	#	redirect Government of Andhra Pradesh
List of departments of the government of Andhra Pradesh	Table of Content	#
List of departments of the government of Arunachal Pradesh	#	redirect Government of Arunachal Pradesh
List of departments of the government of Arunachal Pradesh	Table of Content	#
Chak 118 NB	Infobox settlement	Chak 118 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 3,364.
Chak 118 NB	References	References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District
Chak 118 NB	Table of Content	Infobox settlement , References
List of departments of the government of Himachal Pradesh	#	redirect Government of Himachal Pradesh
List of departments of the government of Himachal Pradesh	Table of Content	#
HNLMS Poolster (1939)	<!-- Note: The following pages were redirects to [[HNLMS_Poolster_(1939)]] before draftification: *[[Japanese salvage ship Horei Maru]] -->	HNLMS Poolster was a Royal Netherlands Navy auxiliary ship. Originally constructed for the Government Navy as a replacement for , she would instead be transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy while still under construction.Mark, Chris (1997). Schepen van de Koninklijke Marine in W.O. II. Alkmaar: De Alk. ISBN 978-90-6013-522-8. Once completed in 1939, she was commissioned into the Royal Netherlands Navy as a seaplane tender and salvage ship. During the Second World War she would also serve as a submarine tender if the opportunity arose.
HNLMS Poolster (1939)	Service history	Service history Poolster served throughout the Second World War. Initially in Dutch service until her scuttling in March 1942 as she was unable to escape after the fall of Java. She was raised by Japanese forces in 1943 and continued service there as a salvage ship until sunk by aircraft from in 1945.Helfrich, Conrad Emile Lambert (1950). Memoires van Admiraal Helfrich Amsterdam: Elsevier.
HNLMS Poolster (1939)	Citations	Citations :Category:World War II naval ships of the Netherlands :Category:1939 ships :Category:1945 endings :Category:March 1942 :Category:January 1945 :Category:Maritime incidents in February 1942 :Category:Maritime incidents in February 1945
HNLMS Poolster (1939)	Table of Content	<!-- Note: The following pages were redirects to [[HNLMS_Poolster_(1939)]] before draftification: *[[Japanese salvage ship Horei Maru]] -->, Service history, Citations
Chak 126 SB	Infobox settlement	Chak 126 SB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 3,874.
Chak 126 SB	References	References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District
Chak 126 SB	Table of Content	Infobox settlement , References
Bombing of San Marino	Short description	The bombing of San Marino were a series of British aerial bombing attacks on the microstate of San Marino during World War II. 8 air raids were carried out by the Royal Air Force in 1944 as part of the Allied campaign of strategic bombing during World War II. While the aerial attacks managed to destroy the railway line that connected San Marino to nearby Rimini, the nation itself proclaimed to be neutral during WWII and the provided intel of Germans using the railway line to transport weapons turned out to be wrong later on. Because of this, the bombing is considered to be controversial to this day, especially in San Marino itself.
Bombing of San Marino	Background	Background thumb\|A neutral warning on the border of San Marino during WWII, written in Italian, German and French. The small, landlocked nation of San Marino remained long sheltered from the effects of the war. Surrounded by Fascist Italy, it had declared itself as a neutral nation at the outbreak of the war despite the Sammarinese Fascist Party ruling the country since the 1920s. Because of this, it continued to do business with Fascist Italy and its railway line with Rimini remained in operation. The population of San Marino was 14,500 in 1939, one year before the war started.
Bombing of San Marino	Attacks	Attacks A total of 8 documented aerial attacks were carried out on San Marino. The biggest and most known bombing raid was carried out on 26 June 1944 by multiple aircraft of the British RAF, specifically the Desert Air Force. A total of 263 bombs were dropped on the City of San Marino in three waves between 11:03 to 12:38 by 41 Martin B-26 Marauder and Martin Baltimore attack bombers, causing extensive destruction and damage to both houses and public buildings in the city. After the main attack, 7 smaller raids were carried out all over San Marino after the 26th of June, the last one only ending on the 29th of August 1944. In the last attack, the San Marino railway line was hit. The reason for the attack was the belief that the railway infrastructure was used by the Nazi's for the movement of war personnel, as well as weapons. It was also assumed that the Allies bombed San Marino because they wanted to kill Field Marshall Albert Kesselring, who they believed was visiting the micronation at the time.
Bombing of San Marino	Aftermath	Aftermath thumb\|The monument remembering the bombing of San Marino on 26 June 1944 inside the old walls of the city. After the bombing raid, the Allies carried out the plan to invade San Marino, despite the country declaring neutrality from the onset of the war. The Battle of San Marino took place between 17 and 20 September 1944 and led to an Allied victory, with the battle killing 274 German and 323 British soldiers. San Marino was invaded to pursue the Germans who were fleeing northwards. Later on, it was discovered that the intel received which led to the bombing of Germany was false, something that Winston Churchill later admitted. The British government however rejected some of the guilty responsibility, as the neutrality of San Marino, contrary to its claims, was previously broken by Germany. In October 1944, San Marino demanded material compensation of 732 million lire (then approx. 421,000 British Pound). The United Kingdom in turn proposed a voluntary payment of 26,000 pounds, which San Marino refused to accept. Ultimately, the accusations of collaboration with the German forces San Marino supposedly had were never proven and as such, the Republic of San Marino was compensated with 80,000 Sterling on 7 July 1961. It was also acknowledged, with an explicit stance by the House of Commons, that San Marino had been rigorous in pursuing its customary neutralism during the war. The bombing of San Marino ended up destroying the railway connection to Rimini. which was demolished in 1950 for various reasons. Despite the continuous requests to reopen the line by the San Marinese government, the line was considered to be of little importance by the Italian government and too costly to repair once the war ended. It also didn't help that the parties who were leading the government in San Marino at the time were the Sammarinese Communist Party and Sammarinese Socialist Party - two parties who were disliked and distrusted by the west at the height of the Cold War. Even if the line was partially reopened after the war to function as a heritage railway, the entire old line remains out of operation to this day. Besides the railway line, the city of San Marino itself was also hit, causing extensive damage to houses and public buildings. The historic Palazzo Valloni was hit, as was the Servants of Mary Church (Chiesa dei Servi di Maria). On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the bombing, a monument was inaugurated inside the walls of the historic center of the city of San Marino on 26 June 1994 with the following Italian text: "A 50 anni dal bombardamento non cada nell'obblio la memoria delle vittime innocenti in offesa alla neutralità dell'asilo a 100 mila profughi. I Sammarinesi rinnovano la domanda di pace e di solidarietà fra tutti i popoli." ("50 years after the bombing does not fall into oblivion the memory of the innocent victims of the attack on the neutrality of the asylum for 100,000 refugees. The San Marinese renew the demand for peace and solidarity among all peoples" in English). On 5 June 2024, a new monument was inaugurated outside of the city walls, with the goal of valueing the contribution that San Marino puts to memorize the victims of the bombing and the pursue of the defense of universal peace.
Bombing of San Marino	See also	See also Strategic bombing during World War II Bombing of Rimini in World War II
Bombing of San Marino	References	References Category:World War II strategic bombing of Italy Category:20th century in San Marino San Marino
Bombing of San Marino	Table of Content	Short description, Background, Attacks, Aftermath, See also, References
HNLMS Poolster	'''HNLMS ''Poolster'''''	HNLMS Poolster () may refer to the following ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy that have been named after the star Polaris: , a seaplane tender and salvage ship commissioned into the Royal Netherlands Navy in 1939 and serving in the Second World War. , a replenishment ship serving with the Royal Netherlands Navy from 1964 until 1994.
HNLMS Poolster	References	References Category:Royal Netherlands Navy ship names
HNLMS Poolster	Table of Content	'''HNLMS ''Poolster''''', References
Mostagedda	Short description	Mostagedda is an archaeological site in Upper Egypt, 10 km south of Asyut and on the east bank of the Nile, which includes a necropolis that covers several different periods of Egyptian history from predynastic Badarian culture to Greco Roman. Notably, the site also includes burials from the Pan-Grave culture of ancient Nubia. British Egyptologist Guy Brunton and his wife Winifred excavated at Mostagedda and the broader El Badari district in the 1920s.
Mostagedda	Gallery	Gallery
Mostagedda	See also	See also
Mostagedda	Further reading	Further reading
Mostagedda	References	References Category:Archaeological sites in Egypt Category:Asyut Governorate
Mostagedda	Table of Content	Short description, Gallery, See also, Further reading, References
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Angadveer Surendranath	[[:Angadveer Surendranath]]	:Angadveer Surendranath – (View AfDView log \| edits since nomination) () Article nearly based on ETBrandEquity.com. His contributions to films Race 3 and 83 are as a second unit or assistant director, roles that typically do not confer notability per WP:NBIO. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:57, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Actors and filmmakers, Film, and India. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:57, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Maharashtra and Pennsylvania. WCQuidditch ☎ ✎ 18:46, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Comment Though none of the reference used is notable but seeing the work, if possible then it needs to be fixed with notable news references.Almandavi (talk) 05:18, 21 May 2025 (UTC)
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Angadveer Surendranath	Table of Content	[[:Angadveer Surendranath]]
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	short description	Havza Atatürk's House Museum () is a historical building located in the Havza district of Samsun Province, which was used by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1919 in the beginning of the Turkish War of Independence. In 1994, it was opened as a museum.
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	Background	Background The historical importance of the building, at that time "Mesudiye Hotel", comes from the fact that Mustafa Kemal Pasha used the building as the army headquarters during his duty as the Inspector of the Ninth Ottoman Army between 25 May and 13 June 1919. It is considered the first headquarters of the War of Independence.
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	Events before	Events before After defeated in the World War I as part of the Central Powers by the Allied Powers, Ottoman Empire signed Armistice of Mudros with Britain on 30 October 1918. The capital Istanbul and some important cities and regions of Anatolia were occupied by the British, French, Italian and Greek troops. British warned Ottoman Government in Istanbul that in case of any hostaities against the occupation troops or the non-Muslim population, they would seize the location according to the 7th clause of the armistice. The Ottoman Government decided to send inspectors to avoid such sitiuation. Sultan Mehmed VI Vahideddin () approved the appoinmen by the Government on 30 April 1919 for the deployment of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, who was unpopular for his oppositional thoughts, as Inspector of the Ninth Ottoman Army responsible for the Eastern Turkey region. It came into force on after its publication in the official gazette Takvim-i Vekayi on 5 May 1919. Following completing preparations, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, his aide-de-camp and some military personnel headed Samsun on the Black Sea on the freight ship SS Bandırma leaving Istanbul on 16 May 1919. After three days, Mustafa Kemal Pasha and his entourage landed in Samsun on 19 May 1919, the day, shich later became the first day of yje Turkish War of Independence. He stayed in the Mıntıka Palas Hotel until 25 May 1919. He and his entourage drove in three cars to {{cvt\|84\|km]] south of Samasun, and made a short stop underway in Kavak.
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	Havz days	Havz days Arrived in Havza, Mustafa Kemal Pasha quartered in Mesudiye Hotel, rented by the district governor for one month specially for him and his entourage. Two rooms on the first floor were reserved for Mustafa Kemal Pasha as a study room and bedroom. The rooms on the upper floor of the hotel were used by the delegation. The hotel served as the headquarters of the Ninth Ottoman Army Inspectorate. The next day, he had talks with a delegation of seven people representing Havza, and explained the difficult and pathetic situation Havza was in. He stated that one should never fall into despair and that they should immediately establish an Association for Defence of National Rights () to defend the homeland and that this should be announced to all surrounding provinces. Two days later, the association was founded by the district governor and the mayor. On 30 May, the residents of the town rallied under the leadership of him after the Friday prayer, which is considered the first rally of the National Struggle. It was noted that the Samsun and Havza could experience the same bad end as the occupation of İzmir occured five days ago on 15 May, and that it was necessary to arm to prevent this. During his time in Samsun and Havza, he carried out his work sending telegrams to the cities in the region of his responsibility and also to Istanbul. In the telegrams to Istanbul, he generally aimed to calm and distract the Sultan. In the telegram to the Istanbul Government, he he emphasized that no harm was done to non-Muslims. He added that the incidents were legitimate when the future and existence of the Turkish nation were threatened. Upon a query of the Ottoman Ministry of War regarding the rally, Mustafa Kemal Pasha responded on 3 June that he is unable to prevent and to stop the excitement and national demonstration of people who has power and strength. On 6 June, a second rally was held in Havza, at which immediate arming was ordered by cleaning the firearms, if not available by axes or y firewood. British occupation forces commander General Milne(1866–1948) gave an ultimatum to the Istanbul Government regarding Mustafa Kemal Pasha. Thereupon, Minister of War Şevket Turgut Pasha (1857–1924) called Mustafa Kemal Pasha back to Istanbul. The activities of Mustafa Kemal Pasha by organizing local people to fight against the Greek gangs in the region and to liberate the entire country caught the attention of the British. Captain Hurst, and were reported tothe British High Commissipner in Istanbul Admiral Gough-Calthorpe (1864–1937) and to the British Minister of Foreign Affairs Lord Curzon (1859–1925). The report also şncluded that some officers had quietly passed from Istanbul to Anatolia. Thereupon, British diplomats pressured the Bab-ı Âli to end Mustafa Kemal Pasha’s activities in Havza and to neutralize him, and had him called back. In addition, the British Attaché in Istanbul instructed Hurst to follow up on Mustafa Kemal Pasha’s activities. Hurst cwent to Havza and inspected the district. There, he first met with the Greeks and then with Mustafa Kemal Pasha. During this meeting, Mustafa Kemal Pasha told Hurst that the hot springs in Havza were good for his body, and that he would stay in Havza for a while longer and then go to Amasya and further south. Hurst reported the situation in Havza to the British diplomats via telegrams. On 10 June, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, who did not heed the call to return to Istanbul, sent a circular to the civil and military authorities, declared that he would work until the end for the national independence. His activities in Havza created a national consciousness in the Turkish nation and organized public rallies against the occupations. In his response to the Istanbul Government on 12 June, he would support the national struggle until the end, not return to Istanbul If necessary, he would resign from his post andjoin the people to carry out the national struggle. On 13 June, Mustafa Kemal Pasha left Havza for Amasya.
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	Aftermath	Aftermath Mustafa Kemal Pasha resigned from the military, led the national struggle, established a government in Ankara on 23 April 1920, fought against the Greek occupation defaeting them on 30 August 1922, proclamated the Republic on 29 October 1923 and gave an end to the Ottoman Empire. Elected the first President of Turkey (), he revisited Havza three times, on 24 September 1924, on 18 September 1928 and finally on 22 November 1930.
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	Historic house museum	Historic house museum Located on Atatürk Street in the Medrese Neighborhood of Havza, the two-story, brick building is covered with a hipped roof. It has nine rooms, four on the first floor and five on the second floor. The floor and ceiling of the building are made of wood. The Mesudiye Hotel was purchased from its owner Hurdazlı İsa Efendi at a cost of 4,500 Lira by the municipality in 1922. It was used as a service building for more than sixty years. The building was registered as an immovable cultural asset by the High Council of Antiquities and Monuments on 12 July 1980. In 1984, the municipality left the building preserving the study room of Mustafa Kemal Pasha as open to public visitors. . It was transferred to the Provincial Infrastructure Administration in 1993, and in 1994 the Ministry of Culture and Tourism took over the building and donated to the District government. In 2002, it was restored and turned into the Atatürk House Museum The tudy room of Mustafa Kemal Pasha was preserved as the "Ghazi Room" -After the victory at the Battle of the Sakarya, he was granted the title Ghazi by the Grand National Assembly on 19 September 1921-. In the museum, the Havza (First Spark) room, which had an important place in the beginning of the War of Independence, and the rooms named after the cities of Amasya (after Amasya Circular on 22 June 1919), Erzurum (after Erzurum Congress on 23 July–4 August 1919), Sivas (after Sivas Congress on 4–11 September 191911 September 191911 September 1919) and Ankara are noteworthy. In these rooms, information about the history of the cities as well as correspondence from Mustafa Kemal Pasha are exhibited. The museum displays the telegraph manuscript, with which the Havza Circular was sent, the first presidential seal of the Republic of Turkey, photographs of important individuals and officers, who organized the resistance in Havza, and some photographs documenting the attacks and massacres of Greek gangs. The First Spark Room contains the Havza Circular and a handwritten list of 12 questions prepared by Mustafa Kemal Pasha to ask the district governor Fahri Bey in order to obtain information about Havza. Items specific to the years of national struggle, books about the years of national struggle and some weapons used in the national struggle are among the notable works of the museum. Havza Atatürk House Museum, which contains a total of 79 ethnographic works, has an important place compared to other Atatürk houses in terms of symbolizing the first spark of the War of Independence. The museum is open every day between 9 to 17 hours in winter and from 9 to 18 in summer months.
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	References	References Category:Museums in Samsun Category:Atatürk museums Category:Museums established in 2002 Category:Historic house museums in Turkey Category:2002 establishments in Turkey Category:Turkish War of Independence
Havza Atatürk's House Museum	Table of Content	short description, Background, Events before, Havz days, Aftermath, Historic house museum, References
List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington	Short description	The following is a list of mayors of the city of Bellingham, Washington state, United States. thumb\|right\|City hall building in Bellingham, Washington (photo 2013) J.W. Romaine, 1904-1905 A.L. Black, 1906-1907 James P. deMattos, 1908-1911, 1914-1915 Edward J. Cleary, 1912-1913 A.M. Muir, 1916-1917 J.A. Sells, 1918-1920 E.T. Mathes, c.1920-1923 John A. Kellogg, 1924-1933 Burleigh E. Hanning, 1934-1935 Wm P. Brown, 1936-1937 Burleigh E. Hanning, 1938-1941 Arthur H. Howard, c.1942-1947 Don E. Satterlee, 1948 J.W. Mulhern, 1950 Sigurd Hjaltalin, c.1952-1955 John Westford, c.1956-1965 Reginald Williams, 1968-1975 Ken Hertz, 1976-1982 Tim Douglas, 1984-1995, 2006-2007 Mark Asmundson, 1996-2006 Dan Pike, 2007-2011 Kelli Linville, 2012-2019 Seth Fleetwood, 2020-2023 Kim Lund, 2024-present
List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington	See also	See also Bellingham City Hall building History of Bellingham, Washington City government in Washington (state)
List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington	References	References Bellingham
List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington	Table of Content	Short description, See also, References
Chak 131 NB	Infobox settlement	Chak 131 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 2,992.
Chak 131 NB	References	References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District
Chak 131 NB	Table of Content	Infobox settlement , References
Historylink.org	#	redirectHistoryLink
Historylink.org	Table of Content	#
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mate Colina	[[:Mate Colina]]	:Mate Colina – (View AfDView log \| edits since nomination) () Apparently never played a game in the AFL. Clarityfiend (talk) 12:01, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Apparently that's now irrelevant. What's your relevant reason for deletion? The-Pope (talk) 13:42, 19 May 2025 (UTC) It's a bit hard to achieve something per NSPORT and satisfy GNG if you don't play. Simply being the tallest player ever signed in the league isn't enough. Clarityfiend (talk) 01:47, 20 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Sportspeople and Australia. Shellwood (talk) 14:09, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Delete: Sources exist, but are all published around the same time in September. I don't think this meets notability standards based on WP:BLP1E. The rest are statistics pages that do not make up substantial coverage. -- Reconrabbit 18:01, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Keep. Nom fails to raise a policy based argument for deletion. As an alternative one could Redirect to List of Richmond Football Club players#Other AFL-listed players. duffbeerforme (talk) 01:20, 20 May 2025 (UTC) Keep just enough coverage for a stub. The-Pope (talk) 01:46, 20 May 2025 (UTC)
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mate Colina	Table of Content	[[:Mate Colina]]
Draft:Medieval Albanian army	AfC submission	Medieval Albanian Army refers to the military forces raised and organized by Albanian principalities, feudal lords, and tribal chieftains during the Middle Ages, particularly between the 11th and 15th centuries. Most prominently, the army reached its peak under the leadership of Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg, who led a successful resistance against the Ottoman Empire from 1443 to 1468.Frashëri, Kristo. Skënderbeu: Jeta dhe vepra. Tirana: Toena, 2002.
Draft:Medieval Albanian army	Historical background	Historical background thumb\|175px\|Recreated map of the Albanian principalities In the medieval period, Albania was divided among various principalities and noble families, including the Kastrioti, Arianiti, Dukagjini, Topia, and Balšić. Each lord maintained their own military forces, often used for defense, internal conflict, or resisting foreign powers.Fine, John V.A. The Late Medieval Balkans. University of Michigan Press, 1994. The organization and effectiveness of these forces varied, but they became especially notable during the 15th century resistance against Ottoman expansion.
Draft:Medieval Albanian army	Organization and structure	Organization and structure Medieval Albanian forces were typically composed of: Noble cavalry (kalorësia): Heavy or medium cavalry formed the elite of the army. Light cavalry and scouts: Experts in mobile warfare, ideal for Albania’s mountainous terrain. Infantry (këmbësoria): Comprised of local peasants and militia, equipped with basic weapons. Mercenaries and volunteers: During Skanderbeg's time, foreign soldiers (Slavs, Vlachs, Italians) joined for religious or political reasons.Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010. Command structures were decentralized, though coalitions like the League of Lezhë attempted unified command under Skanderbeg.
Draft:Medieval Albanian army	Armament and equipment	Armament and equipment Albanian warriors typically used: Swords, spears, axes Bows and crossbows Round or oval shields Chainmail or leather armor Helmets, including Skanderbeg’s horned helmetFrashëri, Kristo. Skënderbeu: Jeta dhe vepra. Tirana: Toena, 2002. Their gear emphasized mobility over heavy protection due to the mountainous environment.
Draft:Medieval Albanian army	Tactics and warfare	Tactics and warfare Tactics used by Albanian forces included: Ambushes and raids in forests and mountain passes Strong defensive stands in castles such as Krujë Scorched earth tactics and disruption of enemy supply lines Strategic alliances with Venice, Naples, and the PapacyNicol, Donald M. The Despotate of Epiros. Cambridge University Press, 1984. Skanderbeg’s use of guerrilla warfare is considered an early form of asymmetric military strategy.
Draft:Medieval Albanian army	Notable campaigns	Notable campaigns League of Lezhë (1444–1479): Coalition of Albanian princes resisting the Ottomans. Siege of Krujë (1450, 1466, 1467): Albanian defenders successfully repelled multiple Ottoman invasions. Battle of Albulena (1457): A major victory for Skanderbeg over Ottoman forces.Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010.
Draft:Medieval Albanian army	Decline	Decline After Skanderbeg’s death in 1468, Albanian resistance declined. Many regions fell under Ottoman rule, and some Albanians migrated to Italy and joined foreign armies. Nonetheless, resistance continued sporadically into the late 15th century.Fine, John V.A. The Late Medieval Balkans. University of Michigan Press, 1994.

Draft:The Black Farmer

Recognition

Recognition The Black Farmer has been featured in: BBC News The Guardian Financial Times Country Life Sainsbury's Magazine It has also received funding from investors and SME support initiatives, including a £1 million working capital line from Bibby Financial Services in 2023.Retail Times – Funding announcement

Draft:The Black Farmer

See also

See also British cuisine Wilfred Emmanuel-Jones List of food companies of the United Kingdom Diversity in agriculture

Draft:The Black Farmer

External links

External links Official website

Draft:The Black Farmer

References

Draft:The Black Farmer

Table of Content

AfC submission/draft, History, Products, Brand positioning, Social impact, Recent developments, Recognition, See also, External links, References

Khun Yuam Airfield

Infobox airport

Khun Yuam Airfield (ICAO: VTCK) is an abandoned World War II airfield in Khun Yuam, Mae Hong Son province, northern Thailand. It operated mainly as an emergency landing ground throughout the war.

Khun Yuam Airfield

History

History Khun Yuam Airfield was constructed between late 1940 and mid-1941. It was first observed by the US government on June 1942 as a Type “E” airfield, designating it for emergency usage. It may have been used by the Japanese to forward transport and supplies. Beginning in late 1943 and onward, Allied intelligence began tracking the airfield as an emergency landing ground, though often unserviceable. It served a utilitarian function, occasionally used for Thai airmail services, with 3 flights/month between Mae Hong Son and Mae Sariang. On 20 March 1945, a commercial Thai mail plane was attacked by an American North American P-51 Mustang, crashing in Mae Surin, located about 9 km north of Khun Tuam. On April, 1945, Khun Yuam Airfield was reported with a single rolled earth runway, capable of dry weather operations.

Khun Yuam Airfield

Post-war Usage

Post-war Usage After the war, the remaining Japanese army were ordered to deploy to Khum Yuam, where they were employed in repairing Khun Yuam Airfield to facilitate surrender operations. However, the British history book volume 5 of The War Against Japan, had mistakenly claimed that Khun Yuam Airfield was rather built after the war by surrendering Japanese. According to several interviews with locals, after being repaired, British aircraft arrived to carry Japanese engineers to fix bridges and structures in Myanmar. There were three or four flights every day, only able to transport three occupants, including the pilot. They also transported unwell people and people of importance to Toungoo. Khun Yuam Airfield was then shown on a 1957 United States Army map, on a 1971 Air America listing, and finally labeled closed on a 1983 Tactical Pilot Chart. After this, the airstrip remained abandoned, still appearing on listings onwards.

Khun Yuam Airfield

Present

Present Today, Khun Yuam Airfield is abandoned. The airfield is still visible, with several obstructions on the runway.

Khun Yuam Airfield

Commemoration

Commemoration In 1995, the Thai-Japan Friendship Memorial was established by Police Colonel Chertchai Chonthawat. Originally having a small, poorly maintained museum, in 2013, a new museum was financially funded by Japan and opened. Today, the museum houses over 1,000 artifacts left by Japanese soldiers. It's admission fees are 100 baht for adults and 50 baht for children.

Khun Yuam Airfield

References

References Category:Defunct airports in Thailand

Khun Yuam Airfield

Table of Content

Infobox airport , History, Post-war Usage, Present, Commemoration, References

2026 Six Nations Championship

Short description

The 2026 Men's Six Nations Championship (known as the Guinness Men's Six Nations for sponsorship reasons and branded as M6N) is a rugby union competition scheduled to take place from early February to mid-March 2026, featuring the men's national teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. It will be the 132nd season of the competition (including its incarnations as the Home Nations Championship and the Five Nations Championship), but the 27th since it expanded to become the Six Nations Championship in 2000. It will begin on 5 February 2026 with a Thursday night match between France and Ireland, and end with France against England on 14 March. France will enter the tournament as reigning champions, having reclaimed the title from Ireland in 2025.

2026 Six Nations Championship

Participants

Participants Nation Stadium Head coach Captain World Rugby Ranking Home stadium Capacity Location Start End Twickenham Stadium 82,000 London tbc Aviva Stadium 51,700 Dublin Stadio Olimpico 73,261 Rome Murrayfield Stadium 67,144 Edinburgh Millennium Stadium 73,931 Cardiff

2026 Six Nations Championship

Table

Table Table ranking rules Four points are awarded for a win. Two points are awarded for a draw. A bonus point is awarded to a team that scores four or more tries, or loses by seven points or fewer. If a team scores four or more tries, and loses by seven points or fewer, they are awarded both bonus points. Three bonus points are awarded to a team that wins all five of their matches (a Grand Slam). This ensures that a Grand Slam-winning team would top the table with at least 23 points, as there would otherwise be a scenario where a team could win all five matches with no bonus points for a total of 20 points and another team could win four matches with bonus points and lose their fifth match while claiming one or more bonus points giving a total of 21 or 22 points. Tiebreakers If two or more teams are tied on table points, the team with the better points difference (points scored less points conceded) is ranked higher. If the above tiebreaker fails to separate tied teams, the team that scores the higher number of total tries (including penalty tries) in their matches is ranked higher. If two or more teams remain tied after applying the above tiebreakers then those teams will be placed at equal rank; if the tournament has concluded and more than one team is placed first then the title will be shared between them.

2026 Six Nations Championship

Fixtures

Fixtures The fixtures for the 2026 Six Nations were announced on 19 May 2025, beginning with the Six Nations' first ever Thursday night game between France and Ireland. It will also feature a Friday night game in the fourth round of matches as Ireland host Wales. The competition is also set to take place over a reduced timeframe; instead of having rest weeks after rounds 2 and 3, it will now only have a rest week after round 3.

2026 Six Nations Championship

Round 1

2026 Six Nations Championship

Round 2

2026 Six Nations Championship

Round 3

2026 Six Nations Championship

Round 4

2026 Six Nations Championship

Round 5

2026 Six Nations Championship

See also

See also 2026 Women's Six Nations Championship 2026 Six Nations Under 20s Championship

2026 Six Nations Championship

Notes

2026 Six Nations Championship

References

References 2026 Category:2026 rugby union tournaments for national teams Category:2025–26 in European rugby union Category:2025–26 in Irish rugby union Category:2025–26 in English rugby union Category:2025–26 in Welsh rugby union Category:2025–26 in Scottish rugby union Category:2025–26 in French rugby union Category:2025–26 in Italian rugby union Category:February 2026 sports events in Europe Category:March 2026 sports events in Europe

2026 Six Nations Championship

Table of Content

Short description, Participants, Table, Fixtures, Round 1, Round 2, Round 3, Round 4, Round 5, See also, Notes, References

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bengali LGBTQ Literature

<div class="boilerplate afd vfd xfd-closed archived mw-archivedtalk" style="background-color: var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #F3F9FF); color: var(--color-base, inherit); margin: 2em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #AAAAAA);"> :''The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. <span style="color:var(--color-error, red);">'''Please do not modify it.'''</span> Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's [[Help:Using talk pages

The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page. The result was moved to Bengali LGBTQ literature and subsequently G11'd‎__EXPECTED_UNCONNECTED_PAGE__. (non-admin closure) ARandomName123 (talk)Ping me! 16:39, 19 May 2025 (UTC) :Bengali LGBTQ Literature – (View AfDView log | edits since nomination) () The content fails to show notable impact, or significant RS attention, and does not meet the notability requirements of WP:GNG and I think it fulfill WP:A7. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:40, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Literature, Bangladesh, India, and West Bengal. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:40, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Comment : see deletion log of this article under A7. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:43, 19 May 2025 (UTC) I don't think it really fits A7, if I'm being honest. A7 only covers people, animals, organizations, web content, or an event. This covers a literature genre, which doesn't fit cleanly under any of those topics. As far as the topic's notability goes, I think that there's a high chance that the topic of Bengali LGBTQ literature is likely notable. However part of the issue is that coverage is likely not going to be heavily in English, making it difficult for people not fluent to search. Another issue is that the term "Bengali" can refer to either people of Bangladesh or people of West Bengal in India. This would make searching a bit more odd for those of us who aren't as savvy with the terminology and what exactly to look for. In other words, there's no clear, easy parent article to merge into. It doesn't really fit cleanly into either the article on homosexuality in India nor would it fit into a comparable article on Bangladesh, if it existed. But it does seem clear that the topic is notable per coverage like this, where it covers an author who would fall under the banner of a Bengali LGBT author given that he is from a city in West Bengal and wrote heavily on the topic. So I think the two things here is this - it's not an A7 candidate and the topic does give off the impression of notability, so I think it would be better to try to improve it - we just need someone who is fluent in Bengali and/or one of the other local languages to search. ReaderofthePack(formerly Tokyogirl79) (｡◕‿◕｡) 12:57, 19 May 2025 (UTC) My preference if there were someone willing to create it, would be for this to be covered in a larger article about homosexuality and the Bengali people. But I don't have the time to create it, so I'm writing here in hopes someone else wants to make that. ReaderofthePack(formerly Tokyogirl79) (｡◕‿◕｡) 12:59, 19 May 2025 (UTC) I have no issue in withdrawing if someone improve this article. Regards. Chronos.Zx (talk) 13:22, 19 May 2025 (UTC) The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bengali LGBTQ Literature

Table of Content

<div class="boilerplate afd vfd xfd-closed archived mw-archivedtalk" style="background-color: var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #F3F9FF); color: var(--color-base, inherit); margin: 2em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #AAAAAA);"> :''The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. <span style="color:var(--color-error, red);">'''Please do not modify it.'''</span> Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's [[Help:Using talk pages

Chak 163 NB

Infobox settlement

Chak 163 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 3,632.

Chak 163 NB

References

References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District

Chak 163 NB

Table of Content

Infobox settlement , References

Draft:Facctum

AfC submission

Facctum is a London-based private regulatory technology (RegTech) company, headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Developing software for Financial crime compliance, including anti-money laundering (AML), sanctions screening, and customer due diligence. The company was founded in 2021 by Krishna Kumar (K.K.) Gupta and operates internationally with offices in the United Kingdom, Ireland, India, and the United Arab Emirates.

Draft:Facctum

History

History Facctum was established in September 2021 by Krishna Kumar Gupta, a seasoned executive with over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry. Gupta's prior roles include Chief Information Officer for Barclays US Consumer Bank and Chief Data Officer for Barclays UK. He also served as Managing Director for Global Compliance Technology at Citigroup. Facctum was founded to develop technology for real-time Financial crime risk management . In 2022, Facctum states that it launched an open-access customer screening tool designed to address inefficiencies in existing compliance software.Later that year, it introduced a real-time transaction screening engine aimed at improving the identification of risk in payment flows. In 2023, Gupta was recognized by CEO Insights India as one of the "Top 10 IT CEOs," highlighting his contributions to the field of financial risk management. In 2023, Facctum launched its technology in Nigeria, aiming to enhance financial crime detection capabilities for Nigerian banks. In 2023, Facctum partnered with NTT Data Payment Services India to implement its name screening technology for AML and counter-terrorist financing processes. In October 2024, Facctum partnered with Lucinity, an Iceland-based compliance platform, to develop AI-powered solutions for watchlist screening and investigations.

Draft:Facctum

Operations

Operations Facctum operates globally, with offices in London, Bengaluru, and Pune. The company focuses on developing cloud-first, scalable solutions that integrate into clients' technology infrastructures.

Draft:Facctum

Recognition

Recognition In 2022, Facctum achieved ISO/IEC 27001 certification for information security management. Facctum was also shortlisted for the Fraud & Financial Crime category at the Regulation Asia Pitch! Awards in 2023.

Draft:Facctum

References

Draft:Facctum

External links

External links Official website :Category:Financial technology companies :Category:Companies established in 2021 :Category:Financial crime prevention :Category:Companies based in London

Draft:Facctum

Table of Content

AfC submission, History, Operations, Recognition, References, External links

Chak 111 NB

Infobox settlement

Chak 111 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 2,767.

Chak 111 NB

References

References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District

Chak 111 NB

Table of Content

Infobox settlement , References

List of departments of the government of Andhra Pradesh

#

redirect Government of Andhra Pradesh

List of departments of the government of Andhra Pradesh

Table of Content

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List of departments of the government of Arunachal Pradesh

#

redirect Government of Arunachal Pradesh

List of departments of the government of Arunachal Pradesh

Table of Content

#

Chak 118 NB

Infobox settlement

Chak 118 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 3,364.

Chak 118 NB

References

References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District

Chak 118 NB

Table of Content

Infobox settlement , References

List of departments of the government of Himachal Pradesh

#

redirect Government of Himachal Pradesh

List of departments of the government of Himachal Pradesh

Table of Content

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HNLMS Poolster (1939)

HNLMS Poolster was a Royal Netherlands Navy auxiliary ship. Originally constructed for the Government Navy as a replacement for , she would instead be transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy while still under construction.Mark, Chris (1997). Schepen van de Koninklijke Marine in W.O. II. Alkmaar: De Alk. ISBN 978-90-6013-522-8. Once completed in 1939, she was commissioned into the Royal Netherlands Navy as a seaplane tender and salvage ship. During the Second World War she would also serve as a submarine tender if the opportunity arose.

HNLMS Poolster (1939)

Service history

Service history Poolster served throughout the Second World War. Initially in Dutch service until her scuttling in March 1942 as she was unable to escape after the fall of Java. She was raised by Japanese forces in 1943 and continued service there as a salvage ship until sunk by aircraft from in 1945.Helfrich, Conrad Emile Lambert (1950). Memoires van Admiraal Helfrich Amsterdam: Elsevier.

HNLMS Poolster (1939)

Citations

Citations :Category:World War II naval ships of the Netherlands :Category:1939 ships :Category:1945 endings :Category:March 1942 :Category:January 1945 :Category:Maritime incidents in February 1942 :Category:Maritime incidents in February 1945

HNLMS Poolster (1939)

Table of Content

, Service history, Citations

Chak 126 SB

Infobox settlement

Chak 126 SB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 3,874.

Chak 126 SB

References

References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District

Chak 126 SB

Table of Content

Infobox settlement , References

Bombing of San Marino

Short description

The bombing of San Marino were a series of British aerial bombing attacks on the microstate of San Marino during World War II. 8 air raids were carried out by the Royal Air Force in 1944 as part of the Allied campaign of strategic bombing during World War II. While the aerial attacks managed to destroy the railway line that connected San Marino to nearby Rimini, the nation itself proclaimed to be neutral during WWII and the provided intel of Germans using the railway line to transport weapons turned out to be wrong later on. Because of this, the bombing is considered to be controversial to this day, especially in San Marino itself.

Bombing of San Marino

Background

Background thumb|A neutral warning on the border of San Marino during WWII, written in Italian, German and French. The small, landlocked nation of San Marino remained long sheltered from the effects of the war. Surrounded by Fascist Italy, it had declared itself as a neutral nation at the outbreak of the war despite the Sammarinese Fascist Party ruling the country since the 1920s. Because of this, it continued to do business with Fascist Italy and its railway line with Rimini remained in operation. The population of San Marino was 14,500 in 1939, one year before the war started.

Bombing of San Marino

Attacks

Attacks A total of 8 documented aerial attacks were carried out on San Marino. The biggest and most known bombing raid was carried out on 26 June 1944 by multiple aircraft of the British RAF, specifically the Desert Air Force. A total of 263 bombs were dropped on the City of San Marino in three waves between 11:03 to 12:38 by 41 Martin B-26 Marauder and Martin Baltimore attack bombers, causing extensive destruction and damage to both houses and public buildings in the city. After the main attack, 7 smaller raids were carried out all over San Marino after the 26th of June, the last one only ending on the 29th of August 1944. In the last attack, the San Marino railway line was hit. The reason for the attack was the belief that the railway infrastructure was used by the Nazi's for the movement of war personnel, as well as weapons. It was also assumed that the Allies bombed San Marino because they wanted to kill Field Marshall Albert Kesselring, who they believed was visiting the micronation at the time.

Bombing of San Marino

Aftermath

Aftermath thumb|The monument remembering the bombing of San Marino on 26 June 1944 inside the old walls of the city. After the bombing raid, the Allies carried out the plan to invade San Marino, despite the country declaring neutrality from the onset of the war. The Battle of San Marino took place between 17 and 20 September 1944 and led to an Allied victory, with the battle killing 274 German and 323 British soldiers. San Marino was invaded to pursue the Germans who were fleeing northwards. Later on, it was discovered that the intel received which led to the bombing of Germany was false, something that Winston Churchill later admitted. The British government however rejected some of the guilty responsibility, as the neutrality of San Marino, contrary to its claims, was previously broken by Germany. In October 1944, San Marino demanded material compensation of 732 million lire (then approx. 421,000 British Pound). The United Kingdom in turn proposed a voluntary payment of 26,000 pounds, which San Marino refused to accept. Ultimately, the accusations of collaboration with the German forces San Marino supposedly had were never proven and as such, the Republic of San Marino was compensated with 80,000 Sterling on 7 July 1961. It was also acknowledged, with an explicit stance by the House of Commons, that San Marino had been rigorous in pursuing its customary neutralism during the war. The bombing of San Marino ended up destroying the railway connection to Rimini. which was demolished in 1950 for various reasons. Despite the continuous requests to reopen the line by the San Marinese government, the line was considered to be of little importance by the Italian government and too costly to repair once the war ended. It also didn't help that the parties who were leading the government in San Marino at the time were the Sammarinese Communist Party and Sammarinese Socialist Party - two parties who were disliked and distrusted by the west at the height of the Cold War. Even if the line was partially reopened after the war to function as a heritage railway, the entire old line remains out of operation to this day. Besides the railway line, the city of San Marino itself was also hit, causing extensive damage to houses and public buildings. The historic Palazzo Valloni was hit, as was the Servants of Mary Church (Chiesa dei Servi di Maria). On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the bombing, a monument was inaugurated inside the walls of the historic center of the city of San Marino on 26 June 1994 with the following Italian text: "A 50 anni dal bombardamento non cada nell'obblio la memoria delle vittime innocenti in offesa alla neutralità dell'asilo a 100 mila profughi. I Sammarinesi rinnovano la domanda di pace e di solidarietà fra tutti i popoli." ("50 years after the bombing does not fall into oblivion the memory of the innocent victims of the attack on the neutrality of the asylum for 100,000 refugees. The San Marinese renew the demand for peace and solidarity among all peoples" in English). On 5 June 2024, a new monument was inaugurated outside of the city walls, with the goal of valueing the contribution that San Marino puts to memorize the victims of the bombing and the pursue of the defense of universal peace.

Bombing of San Marino

See also

See also Strategic bombing during World War II Bombing of Rimini in World War II

Bombing of San Marino

References

References Category:World War II strategic bombing of Italy Category:20th century in San Marino San Marino

Bombing of San Marino

Table of Content

Short description, Background, Attacks, Aftermath, See also, References

HNLMS Poolster

'''HNLMS ''Poolster'''''

HNLMS Poolster () may refer to the following ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy that have been named after the star Polaris: , a seaplane tender and salvage ship commissioned into the Royal Netherlands Navy in 1939 and serving in the Second World War. , a replenishment ship serving with the Royal Netherlands Navy from 1964 until 1994.

HNLMS Poolster

References

References Category:Royal Netherlands Navy ship names

HNLMS Poolster

Table of Content

'''HNLMS ''Poolster''''', References

Mostagedda

Short description

Mostagedda is an archaeological site in Upper Egypt, 10 km south of Asyut and on the east bank of the Nile, which includes a necropolis that covers several different periods of Egyptian history from predynastic Badarian culture to Greco Roman. Notably, the site also includes burials from the Pan-Grave culture of ancient Nubia. British Egyptologist Guy Brunton and his wife Winifred excavated at Mostagedda and the broader El Badari district in the 1920s.

Mostagedda

Gallery

Mostagedda

See also

Mostagedda

Further reading

Mostagedda

References

References Category:Archaeological sites in Egypt Category:Asyut Governorate

Mostagedda

Table of Content

Short description, Gallery, See also, Further reading, References

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Angadveer Surendranath

[[:Angadveer Surendranath]]

:Angadveer Surendranath – (View AfDView log | edits since nomination) () Article nearly based on ETBrandEquity.com. His contributions to films Race 3 and 83 are as a second unit or assistant director, roles that typically do not confer notability per WP:NBIO. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:57, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Actors and filmmakers, Film, and India. Chronos.Zx (talk) 11:57, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Maharashtra and Pennsylvania. WCQuidditch ☎ ✎ 18:46, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Comment Though none of the reference used is notable but seeing the work, if possible then it needs to be fixed with notable news references.Almandavi (talk) 05:18, 21 May 2025 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Angadveer Surendranath

Table of Content

[[:Angadveer Surendranath]]

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

short description

Havza Atatürk's House Museum () is a historical building located in the Havza district of Samsun Province, which was used by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1919 in the beginning of the Turkish War of Independence. In 1994, it was opened as a museum.

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

Background

Background The historical importance of the building, at that time "Mesudiye Hotel", comes from the fact that Mustafa Kemal Pasha used the building as the army headquarters during his duty as the Inspector of the Ninth Ottoman Army between 25 May and 13 June 1919. It is considered the first headquarters of the War of Independence.

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

Events before

Events before After defeated in the World War I as part of the Central Powers by the Allied Powers, Ottoman Empire signed Armistice of Mudros with Britain on 30 October 1918. The capital Istanbul and some important cities and regions of Anatolia were occupied by the British, French, Italian and Greek troops. British warned Ottoman Government in Istanbul that in case of any hostaities against the occupation troops or the non-Muslim population, they would seize the location according to the 7th clause of the armistice. The Ottoman Government decided to send inspectors to avoid such sitiuation. Sultan Mehmed VI Vahideddin () approved the appoinmen by the Government on 30 April 1919 for the deployment of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, who was unpopular for his oppositional thoughts, as Inspector of the Ninth Ottoman Army responsible for the Eastern Turkey region. It came into force on after its publication in the official gazette Takvim-i Vekayi on 5 May 1919. Following completing preparations, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, his aide-de-camp and some military personnel headed Samsun on the Black Sea on the freight ship SS Bandırma leaving Istanbul on 16 May 1919. After three days, Mustafa Kemal Pasha and his entourage landed in Samsun on 19 May 1919, the day, shich later became the first day of yje Turkish War of Independence. He stayed in the Mıntıka Palas Hotel until 25 May 1919. He and his entourage drove in three cars to {{cvt|84|km]] south of Samasun, and made a short stop underway in Kavak.

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

Havz days

Havz days Arrived in Havza, Mustafa Kemal Pasha quartered in Mesudiye Hotel, rented by the district governor for one month specially for him and his entourage. Two rooms on the first floor were reserved for Mustafa Kemal Pasha as a study room and bedroom. The rooms on the upper floor of the hotel were used by the delegation. The hotel served as the headquarters of the Ninth Ottoman Army Inspectorate. The next day, he had talks with a delegation of seven people representing Havza, and explained the difficult and pathetic situation Havza was in. He stated that one should never fall into despair and that they should immediately establish an Association for Defence of National Rights () to defend the homeland and that this should be announced to all surrounding provinces. Two days later, the association was founded by the district governor and the mayor. On 30 May, the residents of the town rallied under the leadership of him after the Friday prayer, which is considered the first rally of the National Struggle. It was noted that the Samsun and Havza could experience the same bad end as the occupation of İzmir occured five days ago on 15 May, and that it was necessary to arm to prevent this. During his time in Samsun and Havza, he carried out his work sending telegrams to the cities in the region of his responsibility and also to Istanbul. In the telegrams to Istanbul, he generally aimed to calm and distract the Sultan. In the telegram to the Istanbul Government, he he emphasized that no harm was done to non-Muslims. He added that the incidents were legitimate when the future and existence of the Turkish nation were threatened. Upon a query of the Ottoman Ministry of War regarding the rally, Mustafa Kemal Pasha responded on 3 June that he is unable to prevent and to stop the excitement and national demonstration of people who has power and strength. On 6 June, a second rally was held in Havza, at which immediate arming was ordered by cleaning the firearms, if not available by axes or y firewood. British occupation forces commander General Milne(1866–1948) gave an ultimatum to the Istanbul Government regarding Mustafa Kemal Pasha. Thereupon, Minister of War Şevket Turgut Pasha (1857–1924) called Mustafa Kemal Pasha back to Istanbul. The activities of Mustafa Kemal Pasha by organizing local people to fight against the Greek gangs in the region and to liberate the entire country caught the attention of the British. Captain Hurst, and were reported tothe British High Commissipner in Istanbul Admiral Gough-Calthorpe (1864–1937) and to the British Minister of Foreign Affairs Lord Curzon (1859–1925). The report also şncluded that some officers had quietly passed from Istanbul to Anatolia. Thereupon, British diplomats pressured the Bab-ı Âli to end Mustafa Kemal Pasha’s activities in Havza and to neutralize him, and had him called back. In addition, the British Attaché in Istanbul instructed Hurst to follow up on Mustafa Kemal Pasha’s activities. Hurst cwent to Havza and inspected the district. There, he first met with the Greeks and then with Mustafa Kemal Pasha. During this meeting, Mustafa Kemal Pasha told Hurst that the hot springs in Havza were good for his body, and that he would stay in Havza for a while longer and then go to Amasya and further south. Hurst reported the situation in Havza to the British diplomats via telegrams. On 10 June, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, who did not heed the call to return to Istanbul, sent a circular to the civil and military authorities, declared that he would work until the end for the national independence. His activities in Havza created a national consciousness in the Turkish nation and organized public rallies against the occupations. In his response to the Istanbul Government on 12 June, he would support the national struggle until the end, not return to Istanbul If necessary, he would resign from his post andjoin the people to carry out the national struggle. On 13 June, Mustafa Kemal Pasha left Havza for Amasya.

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

Aftermath

Aftermath Mustafa Kemal Pasha resigned from the military, led the national struggle, established a government in Ankara on 23 April 1920, fought against the Greek occupation defaeting them on 30 August 1922, proclamated the Republic on 29 October 1923 and gave an end to the Ottoman Empire. Elected the first President of Turkey (), he revisited Havza three times, on 24 September 1924, on 18 September 1928 and finally on 22 November 1930.

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

Historic house museum

Historic house museum Located on Atatürk Street in the Medrese Neighborhood of Havza, the two-story, brick building is covered with a hipped roof. It has nine rooms, four on the first floor and five on the second floor. The floor and ceiling of the building are made of wood. The Mesudiye Hotel was purchased from its owner Hurdazlı İsa Efendi at a cost of 4,500 Lira by the municipality in 1922. It was used as a service building for more than sixty years. The building was registered as an immovable cultural asset by the High Council of Antiquities and Monuments on 12 July 1980. In 1984, the municipality left the building preserving the study room of Mustafa Kemal Pasha as open to public visitors. . It was transferred to the Provincial Infrastructure Administration in 1993, and in 1994 the Ministry of Culture and Tourism took over the building and donated to the District government. In 2002, it was restored and turned into the Atatürk House Museum The tudy room of Mustafa Kemal Pasha was preserved as the "Ghazi Room" -After the victory at the Battle of the Sakarya, he was granted the title Ghazi by the Grand National Assembly on 19 September 1921-. In the museum, the Havza (First Spark) room, which had an important place in the beginning of the War of Independence, and the rooms named after the cities of Amasya (after Amasya Circular on 22 June 1919), Erzurum (after Erzurum Congress on 23 July–4 August 1919), Sivas (after Sivas Congress on 4–11 September 191911 September 191911 September 1919) and Ankara are noteworthy. In these rooms, information about the history of the cities as well as correspondence from Mustafa Kemal Pasha are exhibited. The museum displays the telegraph manuscript, with which the Havza Circular was sent, the first presidential seal of the Republic of Turkey, photographs of important individuals and officers, who organized the resistance in Havza, and some photographs documenting the attacks and massacres of Greek gangs. The First Spark Room contains the Havza Circular and a handwritten list of 12 questions prepared by Mustafa Kemal Pasha to ask the district governor Fahri Bey in order to obtain information about Havza. Items specific to the years of national struggle, books about the years of national struggle and some weapons used in the national struggle are among the notable works of the museum. Havza Atatürk House Museum, which contains a total of 79 ethnographic works, has an important place compared to other Atatürk houses in terms of symbolizing the first spark of the War of Independence. The museum is open every day between 9 to 17 hours in winter and from 9 to 18 in summer months.

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

References

References Category:Museums in Samsun Category:Atatürk museums Category:Museums established in 2002 Category:Historic house museums in Turkey Category:2002 establishments in Turkey Category:Turkish War of Independence

Havza Atatürk's House Museum

Table of Content

short description, Background, Events before, Havz days, Aftermath, Historic house museum, References

List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington

Short description

The following is a list of mayors of the city of Bellingham, Washington state, United States. thumb|right|City hall building in Bellingham, Washington (photo 2013) J.W. Romaine, 1904-1905 A.L. Black, 1906-1907 James P. deMattos, 1908-1911, 1914-1915 Edward J. Cleary, 1912-1913 A.M. Muir, 1916-1917 J.A. Sells, 1918-1920 E.T. Mathes, c.1920-1923 John A. Kellogg, 1924-1933 Burleigh E. Hanning, 1934-1935 Wm P. Brown, 1936-1937 Burleigh E. Hanning, 1938-1941 Arthur H. Howard, c.1942-1947 Don E. Satterlee, 1948 J.W. Mulhern, 1950 Sigurd Hjaltalin, c.1952-1955 John Westford, c.1956-1965 Reginald Williams, 1968-1975 Ken Hertz, 1976-1982 Tim Douglas, 1984-1995, 2006-2007 Mark Asmundson, 1996-2006 Dan Pike, 2007-2011 Kelli Linville, 2012-2019 Seth Fleetwood, 2020-2023 Kim Lund, 2024-present

List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington

See also

See also Bellingham City Hall building History of Bellingham, Washington City government in Washington (state)

List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington

References

References Bellingham

List of mayors of Bellingham, Washington

Table of Content

Short description, See also, References

Chak 131 NB

Infobox settlement

Chak 131 NB is a village in Sillanwali Tehsil, Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2017 census, it has a population of 2,992.

Chak 131 NB

References

References Category:Populated places in Sargodha District

Chak 131 NB

Table of Content

Infobox settlement , References

Historylink.org

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redirectHistoryLink

Historylink.org

Table of Content

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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mate Colina

[[:Mate Colina]]

:Mate Colina – (View AfDView log | edits since nomination) () Apparently never played a game in the AFL. Clarityfiend (talk) 12:01, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Apparently that's now irrelevant. What's your relevant reason for deletion? The-Pope (talk) 13:42, 19 May 2025 (UTC) It's a bit hard to achieve something per NSPORT and satisfy GNG if you don't play. Simply being the tallest player ever signed in the league isn't enough. Clarityfiend (talk) 01:47, 20 May 2025 (UTC) Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Sportspeople and Australia. Shellwood (talk) 14:09, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Delete: Sources exist, but are all published around the same time in September. I don't think this meets notability standards based on WP:BLP1E. The rest are statistics pages that do not make up substantial coverage. -- Reconrabbit 18:01, 19 May 2025 (UTC) Keep. Nom fails to raise a policy based argument for deletion. As an alternative one could Redirect to List of Richmond Football Club players#Other AFL-listed players. duffbeerforme (talk) 01:20, 20 May 2025 (UTC) Keep just enough coverage for a stub. The-Pope (talk) 01:46, 20 May 2025 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mate Colina

Table of Content

[[:Mate Colina]]

Draft:Medieval Albanian army

AfC submission

Medieval Albanian Army refers to the military forces raised and organized by Albanian principalities, feudal lords, and tribal chieftains during the Middle Ages, particularly between the 11th and 15th centuries. Most prominently, the army reached its peak under the leadership of Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg, who led a successful resistance against the Ottoman Empire from 1443 to 1468.Frashëri, Kristo. Skënderbeu: Jeta dhe vepra. Tirana: Toena, 2002.

Draft:Medieval Albanian army

Historical background

Historical background thumb|175px|Recreated map of the Albanian principalities In the medieval period, Albania was divided among various principalities and noble families, including the Kastrioti, Arianiti, Dukagjini, Topia, and Balšić. Each lord maintained their own military forces, often used for defense, internal conflict, or resisting foreign powers.Fine, John V.A. The Late Medieval Balkans. University of Michigan Press, 1994. The organization and effectiveness of these forces varied, but they became especially notable during the 15th century resistance against Ottoman expansion.

Draft:Medieval Albanian army

Organization and structure

Organization and structure Medieval Albanian forces were typically composed of: Noble cavalry (kalorësia): Heavy or medium cavalry formed the elite of the army. Light cavalry and scouts: Experts in mobile warfare, ideal for Albania’s mountainous terrain. Infantry (këmbësoria): Comprised of local peasants and militia, equipped with basic weapons. Mercenaries and volunteers: During Skanderbeg's time, foreign soldiers (Slavs, Vlachs, Italians) joined for religious or political reasons.Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010. Command structures were decentralized, though coalitions like the League of Lezhë attempted unified command under Skanderbeg.

Draft:Medieval Albanian army

Armament and equipment

Armament and equipment Albanian warriors typically used: Swords, spears, axes Bows and crossbows Round or oval shields Chainmail or leather armor Helmets, including Skanderbeg’s horned helmetFrashëri, Kristo. Skënderbeu: Jeta dhe vepra. Tirana: Toena, 2002. Their gear emphasized mobility over heavy protection due to the mountainous environment.

Draft:Medieval Albanian army

Tactics and warfare

Tactics and warfare Tactics used by Albanian forces included: Ambushes and raids in forests and mountain passes Strong defensive stands in castles such as Krujë Scorched earth tactics and disruption of enemy supply lines Strategic alliances with Venice, Naples, and the PapacyNicol, Donald M. The Despotate of Epiros. Cambridge University Press, 1984. Skanderbeg’s use of guerrilla warfare is considered an early form of asymmetric military strategy.

Draft:Medieval Albanian army

Notable campaigns

Notable campaigns League of Lezhë (1444–1479): Coalition of Albanian princes resisting the Ottomans. Siege of Krujë (1450, 1466, 1467): Albanian defenders successfully repelled multiple Ottoman invasions. Battle of Albulena (1457): A major victory for Skanderbeg over Ottoman forces.Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010.

Draft:Medieval Albanian army

Decline

Decline After Skanderbeg’s death in 1468, Albanian resistance declined. Many regions fell under Ottoman rule, and some Albanians migrated to Italy and joined foreign armies. Nonetheless, resistance continued sporadically into the late 15th century.Fine, John V.A. The Late Medieval Balkans. University of Michigan Press, 1994.