answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"617 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} | 10.1039/C6TC01601D | The MC-based DSCs showed short-circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and PCE value of 13.24 mA cm−2, 0.536, 617 mV, and 4.38%, respectively (Table 1). | What is the value of Voc? | 66465 |
{
"text": [
"13.01%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1016/j.cej.2019.04.099 | In the optimized conditions, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was enhanced from 10.08% to 13.01% by doping ILPF6 into the perovskite crystal film. | What is the value of PCE? | 1276 |
{
"text": [
"738mV"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2014.02.074 | As illustrated in , the short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) is increased from 12.58 to 13.69mAcm−2 when changing the nanocrystalline TiO2 film thickness from 7.0 to 10.0μm, which also decreases the open circuit photovoltage (Voc) from 738mV to 722mV. | What is the value of Voc? | 46103 |
{
"text": [
"68%"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06115J | Impressively, the performance is considerably improved by using the 25-IPA/CYHEX device and all photovoltaic parameters (Voc, Jsc, FF and PCE are 1.34 V, 8.08 mA cm−2, 68% and 7.41% for the forward scan, respectively, and 1.35 V, 8.22 mA cm−2, 70% and 7.79% for the reverse scan, respectively) are largely increased in comparison with the former two devices, with much less hysteresis (HI = 5%). | What is the value of FF? | 12862 |
{
"text": [
"16"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.11.067 | It is worth mentioning that the relative thickness ratio of NC-TiO2 to NT-TiO2 used here for DL-TiO2 cell was 5:3 and the thickness of all TiO2 films involved was ∼16 μm as a whole. | What is TiO2? | 40863 |
{
"text": [
"0.84 V"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.003 | The cell with P as HTM, shows a PCE of 6.64% with Jsc= 11.98 mA/cm2, Voc= 0.84 V and FF = 0.66, where as P3HT as HTM based cell exhibited a PCE of 4.24% with Jsc= 11.83 mA/cm2, Voc= 0.64 V and FF = 0.56. | What is the value of Voc? | 577 |
{
"text": [
"16.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA08963H | uniform and full coverage), best efficiencies achieved for OHP solar cells based on vapor-based methods (a PCE of 16.5% with an active area of 0.2 cm2), (Table 1) are still somewhat lower than that of the solution-processed cells (a certified PCE of 20.1%). | What is the value of PCE? | 20970 |
{
"text": [
"40.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA05286F | A reference cell without any HTL was prepared for comparison, which displayed a Voc of 0.90 V, a Jsc of 15.22 mA cm−2, and a FF of 40.6%, resulting in a PCE of 5.56%. | What is the value of FF? | 21942 |
{
"text": [
"0.447 V"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.08.124 | The DSSC based on TiCl4-treated WO3 nanoparticles exhibited the performance of JSC= 5.55 mA/cm2, VOC= 0.447 V, FF= 0.423, and η= 1.05%. | What is the value of VOC? | 37808 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.11.009 | first reported (n-i-p) perovskite solar cells with planar structure composed of FTO/compact TiO2/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Au, and later same group showed the optimized device performance of 11.4% ) shows much higher conductivity (1.16 × 10−3 S cm−1) than that of (LiTFSI)-doped Spiro-OMeTAD (1.57 × 10−4S cm−1). | What is FTO? | 4225 |
{
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} | 10.1039/C4EE01138D | The optimized MAPbI3 devices have a perovskite thickness of 270–300 nm which is twofold longer than that of the previously measured low end of the electron and hole diffusion length of around 100–130 nm. | What is perovskite? | 12830 |
{
"text": [
"9.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA06548H | The obtained 9.0% PCE value for the D–π–A carbazole dye (SK3) and Co-polypyridyl complex based redox couple is comparable with those of the best reported DSSC devices using both metal and thiophene (sulfur) free dyes, thereby enabling access to a new dye architecture with economical synthesis and fabrication. | What is the value of PCE? | 65136 |
{
"text": [
"0.91V"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} | 10.1016/j.spmi.2017.07.009 | By comparison, for other samples S2.5, S5.0, S7.5, S10, the VOC were 0.91V, 0.92V, 0.95V, 0.98V, the Jsc were 17.1mAcm−2, 17.3mAcm−2, 18.1mAcm−2, 16.8mAcm−2, the FF were 63.7%, 64.0%, 64.2%, 63.7% and PCE were 9.9%,10.2%,11%, 10.5%, respectively, as shown in . | What is the value of VOC? | 1758 |
{
"text": [
"68.28%"
],
"answer_start": [
256
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.09.034 | In particular, the SQ sensitized solar cell containing 2wt.% DCM-pyran in the electrolyte shows 1.8 times higher photovoltaic performance than that of the pristine DSSCs (without introducing DCM-pyran), with JSC, VOC and FF values of 8.55mA/cm2, 0.69V and 68.28%, respectively, to give a η value of 4.06%. | What is the value of FF? | 39047 |
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA09976A | This work demonstrates that amine-containing polymer materials can be used as an efficient dual functional additive for electron transporting layer in perovskite solar cells, and we believe that this study can provide a simple and effective approach to further promote the performance of CH3NH3PbI3-based perovskite solar cells after extended investigation.The authors are grateful to the Tianjin Natural Science Council (Grant No. | What is perovskite? | 18406 |
{
"text": [
"0.25cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.160 | The active area of the photoanode was 0.25cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 50186 |
{
"text": [
"1%"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} | 10.1039/C3CP50562F | In these comparative studies, the highest efficiency (η = 2.61%) is achieved with a [Cu(2)2]+/3 combination six days after sealing the cell, a ripening effect that we have observed as general for copper(I) DSCs.Table 1 shows that η increases with time up to three days after sealing the DSC and then remains essentially constant for the next three days. | What is the value of η? | 60270 |
{
"text": [
"16.50%"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.014 | The non-encapsulation device shows a champion PCE of 16.50% and can maintain their 84% efficiency after 30 days under 55% RH, and 72% efficiency after 30 days under 80°C heating stress. | What is the value of PCE? | 2881 |
{
"text": [
"5.71%"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.050 | The PCE values of PCell-F, PCell-F-g1 and PCell-F-g2 are 5.71%, 4.91% and 4.38%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 59379 |
{
"text": [
"0.70 V"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA00929A | Inverted devices with C60/BCM/Ag on top provided stabilized PCEs of 10.9% and a Voc of 0.70 V. | What is the value of Voc? | 21665 |
{
"text": [
"60"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} | 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.02.038 | However, TiO2 particles are aggregated and become a bigger size (40–60 nm) on the polymer matrix in PEGME–TiO2/80 °C ((c) and (d)), it has been observed that the surface roughness of the PEGME–TiO2/80 °C and PEGME–TiO2 composites is estimated to be about 23.1 nm and 18.5 nm for the root mean square roughness (Rrms), and 12 nm and 8.8 nm for the average surface roughness (Ra), respectively. | What is TiO2? | 32943 |
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.10.014 | The hole-only device was constructed as ITO/MoO3 (10 nm)/PTAA (with and without 5 wt% TPE-MN3)/MoO3 (10 nm)/Au (100 nm). | What is ? | 10642 |
{
"text": [
"1.030 V"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
} | 10.1039/C7CC09838C | Thus, the PSC based on the PCBM ETL exhibits an optimal PCE of 14.36%, with a Jsc of 20.23 mA cm−2, Voc of 1.030 V and FF of 0.689.Among the various CdS ETLs, CdS-5000 obtains the best performance with a PCE of 13.36% (Jsc = 19.74 mA cm−2, Voc = 1.012 V and FF = 0.668), while the PSCs based on CdS-3000, CdS-4000 and CdS-6000 ETLs exhibit PCE values of 11.34%, 12.06% and 12.4%, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 19798 |
{
"text": [
"pure Pt"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.10.008 | The DSSC based Mo-Pt3Ni/CN electrode obtained an excellent PCE of 9.47% compared to only 7.1% with the pure Pt electrode. | What is CE? | 44432 |
{
"text": [
"11.24 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} | 10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.08.018 | The photovoltaic characteristics of DSSC based on electrospun TiO2 nanofiber electrodes are summarized for liquid and gel electrolytes in The polymer gel electrolyte was prepared with the mixture based on PVDF-HFP in the mixed solvent of EC and PC The TiCl4 treatment of the electrode at 40 °C resulted in an increase in short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) increases from 8.67 to 11.24 mA/cm2 for the liquid electrolyte device and in an increase in energy conversion efficiency (η) from 4.01 to 5.02% (c). | What is the value of Jsc? | 55158 |
{
"text": [
"22.42 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2015.12.019 | The Jsc was increased with the increasing Au content and attained a maximum of 22.42 mA/cm2 at a loading of 10 mM Au (). | What is the value of Jsc? | 32540 |
{
"text": [
"13.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA01452G | The organic–inorganic hybrid and all-inorganic PSC devices fabricated with YT3 achieved PCEs up to 20.23% and 13.36% with excellent device long-term stability, respectively, under AM 1.5G illumination.The synthetic routes for the two new HTMs are presented in Scheme S1 of the ESI. | What is the value of PCE? | 22915 |
{
"text": [
"1.71%"
],
"answer_start": [
248
]
} | 10.1039/C6CP05544C | Devices loaded with 5 wt% and 10 wt% SiO2 NS, i.e., ZS5 and ZS10, showed lower performances, yielding a Jsc ≈ 8.40 mA cm−2, a Voc ≈ 609 mV, a FF ≈ 42.1% and a PCE ≈ 2.15%, for ZS5 and a Jsc ≈ 6.87 mA cm−2, a Voc ≈ 596 mV, a FF ≈ 41.8%, and a PCE ≈ 1.71% for the ZS10 device. | What is the value of PCE? | 63467 |
{
"text": [
"13 to 16"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1039/C1DT11765C | Although the thickness of the TiO2 layer varies from 13 to 16 μm (the last column in Table 2), the photo-conversion efficiency (η) decreases with the increase of the rutile content, in general. | What is TiO2? | 72238 |
{
"text": [
"15.37%"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
} | 10.1039/C8CC06791K | A solar cell with spiro-OMeTAD was used as a reference (open-circuit voltage: Voc = 1.065 V/short-circuit current: Jsc = 22.26 mA cm−2/fill factor: FF = 0.748), and the other cells employing M104, KM05, and KM07 as HTMs exhibited comparable Voc (0.994–1.042 V) and Jsc (19.34–21.40 mA cm−2), leading to power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 13.30–15.37%. | What is the value of PCE? | 17096 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104180 | Finally after cooling down to the room temperature, 80nm Au electrode was deposited by thermal evaporation.Characterization: X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were performed by D8 X-ray diffractometer utilizing Cu Kɑ radiation. | What is electrode? | 9834 |
{
"text": [
"5.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2013.10.129 | The cell utilizing the FD-rGO-PI electrode, with a conversion efficiency of 5.45%, shows a performance better than that of Gel-rGO-PI and comparable to that of Sputter-Pt/FTO (η = 5.52%). | What is the value of η? | 29409 |
{
"text": [
"6"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.03.045 | a shows the Nyquist plots of the DSCs with TiO2 photoanodes with and without ZIF-8 coating recorded at bias voltage range from 600 mV to VOC. | What is TiO2? | 54848 |
{
"text": [
"579mV"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107676 | the Rrec values of six dyes increase in the order of WL10 (81.7Ω)<WL9 (107.9Ω)<WL8 (111.9Ω)<WL5 (152.4Ω)<WL6 (170.1Ω)<WL7 (193.6Ω), corresponding to the order Voc values, WL10 (579mV)<WL9 (602mV)<WL8 (684mV)<WL5 (714mV)<WL6 (721mV)<WL7 (728mV). | What is the value of Voc? | 39628 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.01.034 | The J-V curves of the assembled photovoltaic devices shielded by an aluminum foil mask with an aperture area of ∼0.10cm2 were measured with a digital source meter (Keithley 2420 3A) under simulated air mass (AM) 1.5 solar spectrum illumination at 100mWcm−2. | What is the value of illumination? | 52031 |
{
"text": [
"78.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
161
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA01642A | A champion PCE of 17.4% with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 22.8 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.97 V, and a high fill factor (FF) of 78.5% was achieved with an optimized perovskite layer prepared with NSPS FA0.85MA0.2PbI3. | What is the value of FF? | 23059 |
{
"text": [
"6%"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA06425A | Copper iodide (CuI) was just reported as a hole conductor in perovskite-based mesoscopic n–i–p devices, showing a PCE of 6%. | What is the value of PCE? | 19038 |
{
"text": [
"766mV"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.132 | Noticeably, the DSC based on the 1T-MoS2@HCS CE possesses Jsc of 17.25mAcm−2, Voc of 766mV, FF of 0.66, and PCE of 8.94%, being comparable to the device using the Pt CE. | What is the value of Voc? | 36407 |
{
"text": [
"11.15%"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.183 | Previous studies reveal that the PSCs with high crystalline perovskite grains and compact films possess better device stability We reported a significantly enhanced PCE (∼28%) of the low-temperature processed HTM-free carbon based perovskite solar cells from 11.15% up to 14.29% by incorporating small amount of terephthalic acid (TPA) additive into the perovskite precursor solutions to control the grain size distribution and improve the crystallinity of perovskite thin films. | What is the value of PCE? | 2625 |
{
"text": [
"0.79V"
],
"answer_start": [
213
]
} | 10.1016/j.micromeso.2018.07.013 | Whatever the photoanode considered, the porous structure exerts very low influence on the Voc since all values lay within the same range, with slightly higher values for the liquid electrolyte-based devices (0.76–0.79V for liquid electrolyte and 0.62–0.66V for polymer electrolyte). | What is the value of Voc? | 31598 |
{
"text": [
"16.60 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.10.208 | GO/Co (1:1) CE: JSC= 16.60 mA/cm2, VOC= 0.71 V, FF = 0.31, and Eff. | What is the value of JSC? | 40706 |
{
"text": [
"0.979 V"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA02822A | The reverse scan exhibited an almost similar PCE of 13.15% with a VOC = 0.979 V, a JSC = 19.47 mA cm−2 and a FF = 0.69. | What is the value of VOC? | 19253 |
{
"text": [
"0.45cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226825 | The active area of the prepared solar cells was selected as 0.45cm2.The FTIR spectra were recorded on PerkinElmer Frontier instruments (USA). | What is the value of active area? | 29576 |
{
"text": [
"588 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA11257E | However, the Voc (588 mV for Cell ZnO NRs + ellipsoids, 555 mV for Cell ZnO NRs + spheres) decrease due to the augmentation of the surface area, which would provide additional charge-recombination sites. | What is the value of Voc? | 67286 |
{
"text": [
"8.53%"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA04726B | The graphene grafted rGO–ZSO0.7 sample exhibits JSC = 14.04 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.978 V, FF = 0.59 leading to η = 8.53%. | What is the value of η? | 18262 |
{
"text": [
"1057mV"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} | 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.078 | The calculated VOC are 1057mV, 1357mV, 1431mV, and 1391mV for PCT1, PBT2, PCP3, and PBP4, respectively (see ). | What is the value of VOC? | 28538 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} | 10.1039/C2CP23876D | S1–S5 showing fluorescence decay curves, frontier molecular orbitals, absorption spectra of the dyed TiO2, packing drawing of a crystal of TTC103 and Bode phase plots of EIS; and X-ray crystallographic information. | What is ? | 62373 |
{
"text": [
"74.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.05.115 | The solar cell using PAA-PEG gel electrolyte achieves a Jsc of 11.72mAcm-2, a Voc of 682mV, an FF of 74.1% and a PCE of 5.92%. | What is the value of FF? | 49542 |
{
"text": [
"7.68%"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2014.12.099 | The DSSC with the small-sized L-GQDs/GF as hybrid CE exhibits the VOC of 0.75 V, FF of 0.71 and η of 7.70%, which is comparable to that (7.68%) of the DSSC with Pt CE. | What is the value of η? | 56763 |
{
"text": [
"19.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} | 10.1039/C5EE02194D | achieved PCE up to 19.3% (average 16.6%) which is so far the highest value in an n–i–p type PHJ PrSC (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 19968 |
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA10630D | Subsequently, the perovskite precursor solution of CH3NH3I and PbI2 was deposited onto TAPC/ITO substrates by a consecutive two-step spin-coating process at 1000 rpm and at 4000 rpm for 5 and 30 s, respectively. | What is ? | 19380 |
{
"text": [
"6%"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | 10.1039/C6TC02610A | 6% power conversion efficiency (PCE) was achieved from the fabricated high-performance flexible dye-sensitized solar cell, in which the ITO/CuS NN composite film serves as the counter electrode and titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNARs) as the photoanode. | What is the value of PCE? | 70065 |
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
350
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.11.066 | The charge carrier transfer time , the charge carrier transfer times for the TiO2-CuInS2-NAs are much shorter than that for TiO2-NAs, demonstrating that the improved electron injection efficiency was obtained by using the CuInS2-QD modification of the TiO2-NAs.In summary, a new strategy using CuInS2 QD-modified TiO2 nanorod arrays as scaffolds for CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell was developed in this work. | What is perovskite? | 11627 |
{
"text": [
"I3-/I-"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.11.060 | The relatively positive pair of peaks is associated with of I2/I3-redox reaction and negative pair is related to I3-/I-. | What is redox reaction? | 27074 |
{
"text": [
"0.2 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA01883D | At the cell level (with 0.2 cm2 active area and thickness of 12 μm), a power conversion efficiency of about 7.79% has been obtained. | What is the value of active area? | 61742 |
{
"text": [
"6.07%"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.03.054 | The DSSCs assembled by FeWO4, CoWO4, NiWO4, and BC CEs produced PCEs of 4.65%, 4.46%, 5.10%, and 5.20%, respectively; whereas the DSSCs with FeWO4/BC, CoWO4/BC, and NiWO4/BC CEs yielded enhanced PCEs of 5.38%, 6.07%, and 7.08%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 25552 |
{
"text": [
"3.0570%"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.10.118 | Here, a maximum PCE of 3.0570% was achieved for DSSCs based on TiO2 coated ZnO NW arrays when the number of coating cycles is four (ZnO NW-TiO2-4). | What is the value of PCE? | 45358 |
{
"text": [
"77.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} | 10.1039/C6TC05081F | The inverted-type MAPbI3 PeSCs containing 100:0 PCBM:PNDI-2T exhibited a 1.11 V open-circuit voltage (Voc), 20.8 mA cm−2 short-circuit current density (Jsc), 77.1% fill factor (FF), and 17.8% power conversion efficiency (η) under forward scan conditions, and a 1.11 V Voc, 20.9 mA cm−2Jsc, 78.4% FF, and 18.2% η under reverse scan conditions (average η of 30 sample = 16.49 ± 1.15%). | What is the value of FF? | 12426 |
{
"text": [
"19.8mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.079 | The DSSC with tri-layer photoanode made with a composite of TiO2 P25, Ag NWs and TiO2 NFs sandwiched between two TiO2 P25 layers exhibited power conversion efficiency of 9.74% and open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc) and fill factor (FF) of 727.4mV, 19.8mAcm−2 and 67.6% respectively under the irradiance of 100mWcm−2. | What is the value of Jsc? | 38623 |
{
"text": [
"5.20%"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.176 | The DSSCs assembled with the I−/I3− redox shuttle, based on W18O49, W2N, WC, and WO3 CEs, exhibited power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 6.69%, 5.97% 5.20%, and 4.69%, respectively; these values were equal to or better than those of DSSCs with Pt CEs (6.52%) under the same conditions. | What is the value of PCE? | 57504 |
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM34425D | Therefore, the DSC assembled with the PEDOT/MWCNT CE exhibited Voc of 753 mV, Jsc of 13.72 mA cm−2, FF of 0.68, and cell efficiency (η) of 7.03%, which is superior to that using Pt CE (5.88%).In summary, PEDOT/MWCNT composite CE is fabricated by an electrophoresis of MWCNTs onto a FTO glass substrate and subsequent electropolymerization of PEDOT using a pulse potentiostatic polymerization, in which MWCNTs are uniformly wrapped with nano-meadows PEDOT thin film in the thickness of ∼55 nm. | What is substrate? | 71112 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.12.157 | The DSSC assembled using SS sheet coated by titanium film prepared at high substrate temperature has a low charge transfer resistance in the TiO2/Ti interface and leads to a high conversion efficiency. | What is ? | 52240 |
{
"text": [
"Co9S8 nanocrystals"
],
"answer_start": [
5
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | used Co9S8 nanocrystals as CE for DSSCs (with a size of 2 cm2) and obtained an average PCE of 7.0%, slightly lower than that of Pt CE based DSSCs. | What is CE? | 66647 |
{
"text": [
"3.56%"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} | 10.1039/C4NR03900A | 3c, an optimal rear η of 4.37% is recorded in the cell with Ni0.85Se alloy CE, which is 0.08% and 3.56% higher than for the DSSCs from Ni and Pt electrodes, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 71425 |
{
"text": [
"15.71mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.07.082 | The cell with Mo0.6Se yields a front efficiency of 8.05% (Jsc=15.71mAcm−2, Voc=0.729, and FF=70.3%), which is much higher than 6.17% from pristine Pt-based DSSC (Jsc=13.11mAcm−2, Voc=0.712, and FF=66.1%). | What is the value of Jsc? | 24726 |
{
"text": [
"10.84%"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA06700B | Moreover, significantly enhanced photovoltaic performances with high PCEs of 10.84% and 16.07% are thus achieved in HTM-free type and spiro-OMeTAD based cells, respectively.In recent years, inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 and its analogues have been seen as star materials in the photovoltaic field. | What is the value of PCE? | 20458 |
{
"text": [
"10.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} | 10.1039/C4CS00309H | Recently, Kanatzidis and co-workers reported an all-solid state inorganic solar cell formed by a p-type direct band-gap semiconductor CsSnI3 (doped with SnF2) as HTM, nanoporous TiO2 and the dye N719 achieving η = 10.2%. | What is the value of η? | 64976 |
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA12787H | Finally, the all-solid-state electrolyte was obtained after drying under vacuum at 60 °C for eliminating the residue acetone.The about 8 μm-thick nanocrystalline TiO2 film was fabricated on a conducting glass substrate using P25 (medium diameter: 25 nm) by a screen printing technique as the ref. | What is substrate? | 60345 |
{
"text": [
"6.66±0.12%"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} | 10.1016/j.mtener.2017.10.004 | The DSSCs with CoSe2/CoSeO3-NC and CoSe2/CoSeO3-NR CEs show an η of 6.66±0.12% and 7.54±0.12%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 27539 |
{
"text": [
"18.75%"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
} | 10.1039/C9SC01184F | PSCs with the ICTH2 HTM showed a PCE of 18.75% with an active area of 2.04 cm2. | What is the value of PCE? | 21451 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2016.08.040 | illustrates the DSSC device, which consisted of a N719 dye-sensitized TiO2 film as the photoanode and a hierarchical structure-based CE in a sandwich configuration, filled with an iodide/triiodide electrolyte for dye regeneration. | What is photoanode? | 57368 |
{
"text": [
"16.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | Devices based on HTM 31 doped with Li-TFSI, TBP, and 10 mol% FK209 achieved a high photocurrent of 21.4 mA cm−2, a high open-circuit exceeding 1.00 V (VOC = 1.09 V), and a moderate fill factor of 73.4%, leading to a PCE of 16.9%. | What is the value of PCE? | 13106 |
{
"text": [
"0.669V"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.01.035 | The results indicate that, the VOC values are increasing in the order of IA-1 (0.669V), IA-3 (0.653V), IA-2 (0.622), IA-4 (0.618) upon co-sensitization with MH-13 (0.651V). | What is the value of VOC? | 46613 |
{
"text": [
"8.00 ± 0.23%"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} | 10.1039/B925245B | The short-circuit current density (JSC) and power-conversion efficiency (η) of the DSSC with PtNP/MWCNT-CE were found to be 18.01 ± 0.91 mA cm−2 and 8.00 ± 0.23%, respectively, while the corresponding values were 14.62 ± 0.19 mA cm−2 and 6.92 ± 0.07% for a DSSC with a bare platinum counter electrode (Pt-CE). | What is the value of η? | 67930 |
{
"text": [
"64%"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.03.041 | The devices exhibit a reverse scan performance with PCE of 14.25%, a Jsc of 20.39mAcm−2, a Voc of 1.09V and an FF of 64% and forward scan performance with PCE of 11.89%, a Jsc of 19.97mAcm−2, a Voc of 1.03V and an FF of 58%.To determine the chemical compositions of the low-temperature SnO2 film, XPS measurement was carried out and the results are shown in . | What is the value of FF? | 8063 |
{
"text": [
"22.5Ωcm2"
],
"answer_start": [
224
]
} | 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.12.012 | Generally, according to the Shockley-Queisser model, radiative recombination is an inevitable loss mechanism and set the upper FF limit to∼90% for PSCs at room temperature (a)), inefficient charge extraction by the high Rs (22.5Ωcm2), as well as current leakage through the low Rsh (1973.8Ωcm2). | What is the value of Rs? | 9803 |
{
"text": [
"5.69%"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2019.126667 | Furthermore, we found that the best Voc of 0.92V and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.69% were obtained with formed using a HCl volume percentage of 6vol%, which is higher than α-CsPbI3 solar cells with pristine HI additives (0.87V of Voc). | What is the value of PCE? | 11910 |
{
"text": [
"0.689 V"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} | 10.1016/j.synthmet.2016.01.023 | In the case of using iodohexane to synthesize PISi, the maximum photovoltaic performance was obtained, with a Jsc of 11.4 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.689 V, FF of 0.746, and PCE of 5.85%. | What is the value of Voc? | 37348 |
{
"text": [
"12.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1039/C7TC04649A | The fabrication of a compact HBL can be simplified through a low cost dip-coating method where a maximum PCE of 12.8% was achieved (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 16750 |
{
"text": [
"1.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | 10.1039/C4NR00137K | After using the Al reflecting layer, the cells showed no significant changes in Voc and FF, but exhibited an increased Jsc and thus a higher η of 1.11% and 2.09%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 61072 |
{
"text": [
"0.583V"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.07.048 | Therefore, the larger Rct suggests that an efficient hindrance of electron recombination between injected electrons and electron acceptors in the redox electrolyte, I3−, and higher photovoltage (a, the order of Rct values is FBV (87.3Ω)<RBV (132.6Ω)<FPA (208.1Ω)<SPA (269.3Ω), which is consistent well with the VOC values of FBV (0.574V)<RBV (0.583V)<FPA (0.608V)<SPA (0.632V). | What is the value of VOC? | 28250 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134950 | A compact TiO2 (20–30nm) film was deposited on FTO substrate by spray pyrolysis of the compact TiO2 precursor at 450°C. | What is ? | 9340 |
{
"text": [
"7.28%"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.082 | When the mass ratio of ZnFe2O4 and ZnO reached 1:0.5, an Voc of 0.65V and a high PCE of 7.28% was obtained, much higher than that of 4.70% for the pure ZnO based DSSCs. | What is the value of PCE? | 54054 |
{
"text": [
"0.051%"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} | 10.1039/C6TC03874C | Duplicate DSCs containing [Ru(bpy)2(H5)] achieve short-circuit current densities (JSC) of 3.38 and 3.34 mA cm−2 and photoconversion efficiencies (η) of 0.116 and 0.109%, respectively, compared to values of JSC = 1.84 and 1.96 mA cm−2 and η = 0.057 and 0.051% for P1. | What is the value of η? | 76460 |
{
"text": [
"1.02 V"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1039/C7NR06424A | The PSCs demonstrated a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼15.4% with a short circuit current density (Jsc) of ∼22.42 mA cm−2 and an open circuit voltage (Voc) of ∼1.02 V. | What is the value of Voc? | 19076 |
{
"text": [
"iodide/triiodide"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA11521F | Here, the imidazolium functionalized TEMPO based hybrid electrolyte shows a long-term stability as good as that of iodide/triiodide redox couples.In conclusion, an imidazolium functionalized TEMPO/PMII hybrid redox couple was synthesized and used in combination with an organic dye (D205) in DSSCs. | What is redox couple? | 72558 |
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA20039G | The sealed DSCs with an active area of 0.25 cm2 were used for the photocurrent–voltage test.The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM, Veeco, USA, tapping mode), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, JEOL JEM-2010F, F20, 200 kV), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, HITACHI S4800) and X-ray diffraction (XRD, Bruker D8 Advanced Diffractometer, Cu Kα radiation, 40 kV). | What is the value of active area? | 76913 |
{
"text": [
"0.61%"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | 10.1039/C6DT02905A | However, the Ru(II) dye AS16 (η = 0.61%) exhibits significantly greater efficiency than 1 (η = 0.1%). | What is the value of η? | 70527 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.014 | All the photoluminescence spectra were measured in air unless otherwise noted.The photocurrent density–voltage (J-V) characteristics of the solar cells were measured using a Keithley 2400 Source under illumination of a simulated sunlight (AM1.5, 100 mW/cm2) provided by a solar simulator (Newport 69907) with an AM 1.5 filter. | What is the value of illumination? | 7222 |
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} | 10.1039/C7NR05764D | Full details of the fabrication of MABI:SiNC hybrid devices are provided in the Experimental section.Eight solar cell devices were fabricated with ITO/compact-TiO2/mesoporous-TiO2/MABI/Au and eight devices were fabricated with ITO/compact-TiO2/mesoporous-TiO2/MABI + SiNCs/Au. | What is ? | 21867 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2011.03.044 | The photocurrent–voltage (I–V) characteristics were measured with a computer-controlled digital source meter (Keithley, model 2400) under illumination with a Newport solar simulator (AM1.5, 100 mW/cm2). | What is the value of illumination? | 23847 |
{
"text": [
"6.26%"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} | 10.1016/j.optmat.2018.09.026 | The DSSC made of GPE with 1.34wt% LiI exhibited highest efficiency, η of 6.26%.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been chosen as potential candidate for the next generation solar cells, owing to their appealing features such as low cost, easy fabrication method, flexibility, color availability and potential for indoor application []. | What is the value of η? | 57905 |
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.035 | shows the J-V curves of PSCs with different ratios of NH4Cl additive in perovskite precursor solution under the 100mW/cm2 (AM 1.5G sunlight) illumination, and the detailed photovoltaic parameters are listed in . | What is the value of illumination? | 4754 |
{
"text": [
"786 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
182
]
} | 10.1039/C5EE02822A | In accord with the integrals of EQEs over the standard AM1.5G emission spectrum (ASTM G173-03), dye C280 displays an intensified JSC value of 21.20 mA cm−2, an enlarged VOC value of 786 mV, generating a ∼48% augmented PCE of 11.8%, albeit a slightly reduced FF of 70.8%. | What is the value of VOC? | 76972 |
{
"text": [
"12"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} | 10.1039/C2EE23988D | The beam intensity was calibrated with a power meter (Model 1936-C, Newport) equipped with a Newport 818-UV photodetector.The dye loading on 12 + 6 μm TiO2 films was calculated by dipping the TiO2 film into 0.1 M tetra-n-butyl ammonium hydroxide solution in MeOH and H2O (v/v 1:1) for dye desorbing and then measured their absorbance using the UV/Vis spectral analysis.Transient photovoltage (TPV) and charge extraction (CE) measurements were carried out on optimized 0.16 cm2DSC devices using a system similar to that employed by O'Regan et al.Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) measurements were carried out on 1 cm2DSC devices on a system similar to that used by Durrant and co-workers.Electrical impedance experiments were carried out with a PARSTAT 2273 (AMETEK Princeton Applied Research, USA) electrochemical workstation, with a frequency range of 0.05−106 Hz and a potential modulation of 10 mV at room temperature.The devices employed in this study are composed of a 12 μm transparent TiO2 thin film and a 6 μm thick layer of 400 nm TiO2 particles. | What is TiO2? | 73714 |
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA09493G | Both the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and the PCBM layers were prepared in a glovebox. | What is perovskite? | 22981 |
{
"text": [
"0.66V"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.002 | The devices show PCE of 2.53% in the FS mode with Voc of 0.66V, Jsc of 7.89mAcm−2, and FF of 48.69%; on the other hand, the devices show PCE of 3.20% in the RS mode with Voc of 0.67V, Jsc of 8.13mAcm−2, and FF of 58.75%. | What is the value of Voc? | 53850 |
{
"text": [
"0.5 h"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2017.08.022 | It is clearly seen that those ordered hexagonal patterns present in the sample with the first step anodization of 6 h (b) are almost absent in sample with the first step anodization time of 0.5 h (a). | What is the value of time? | 46061 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
495
]
} | 10.1039/C7QM00211D | 213–214 °C; IR (ATR): ṽ = 1592, 1532, 1305 cm−1; 1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ = 1.40 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 6H), 3.27–3.30 (m, 4H, overlapping peak of residual proton in CD3OD), 4.52 (s, 2H), 7.01 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H) ppm; 13C NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD) δ = 8.71, 48.41, 55.82, 114.23, 119.58, 121.76, 141.41, 148.66, 153.74 ppm; HRMS (APCI): m/z (%): [M + H+] calcd for C11H17N2O4, 241.11828; found 241.11858.TiO2 paste (JGC Catalysts and Chemicals Ltd, PST-18NR) was deposited on a fluorine-doped-tin-oxide (FTO) substrate by doctor-blading, and sintered for 50 min at 450 °C. | What is substrate? | 74904 |
{
"text": [
"8.16%"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.132 | It can be observed that the DSC using the Pt CE displays PCE of 8.87% with Jsc of 17.37mAcm−2, Voc of 764mV, and FF of 0.65, whereas the 2H-MoS2@HCS CE based DSC reaches PCE of 8.16% with Jsc of 16.72mAcm−2, Voc of 758mV, and FF of 0.62. | What is the value of PCE? | 36425 |
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