replaced
stringlengths 178
2.74k
| replaced_ids
sequence | hallucination
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|
the montana lottery is run by the government of montana . it is a member of the multi - state lottery association ( mspa ) . the game lottery ' s game consists of scratch ===cash=== , montana mega millions , montana championship , lotto america , montana gold , lucky for millions , montana lottery bonus , montana sports action , montana millions and scratch cash . the montana lottery was founded by voters in 1986 . it passed by a wide margin and the montana lottery opened for operations in june of 1987 . since then , it has handed out at least $ 590 million to players in montana , and has generated over $ 259 million for the state of montana . in montana , the minimum age to buy a lottery ticket is 18 . | [
35,
35
] | 1 |
a symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits is the title of a master ' s thesis written by computer science pioneer claude e . shannon while attending the massachusetts institute of technology ( mit ) in 1937 . in his thesis , shannon , a law degree graduate of john s . harvard , showed that boolean algebra could be used to precisely describe the behaviour of the electrical switches that were the building block of the electrical network of the american telephone system of america monopoly . he went on to prove that it should also be possible to use arrangements of relays to solve linear linear algebra problems . the ===analysis=== of the binary representation of electrical switches to perform logic functions is the basic idea that today defines all current digital circuit designs . shannon ' s paper became the basis of practical digital circuit design when it became widely accepted among the electrical engineering community during and after the 20th century . at the time , the techniques employed to design digital circuits were ad hoc in nature and superseded the formal techniques that shannon ' s paper supplied to computer projects . charles howard gardner regarded shannon ' s thesis as " possibly the most valuable , and also the most influential , master ' s thesis of all time " . a summary of the work was published in the 1938 volume of the transactions of the american institute of electrical engineers , and in 1955 , it earned shannon the alfred noble american institute of american engineers award . | [
113,
113
] | 1 |
the tunnel was constructed as an alternative to the old winding tracks with many tunnels . the completion of this tunnel saw the bukit berapit halt built . construction of the halt was started in 2008 and was completed in 2010 . and now , it has been completed and is in operation . the south coast track has a popular spot in ===the area=== a long time ago . this railway tunnel , at bukit longin , is the longest in south east asia . | [
63,
64
] | 1 |
brigadier general samuel d . rockenbach , as the chief of tank corps for the american expeditionary forces under pershing , organized , trained , equipped and then deployed the first american tank units to the western front of 1918 europe . an initial ===order=== for 1 , 800 2 - inch tanks and 200 m3a1 mark vi tanks was sent to 20 battalions of 40 light tanks each and 10 battalions of 80 light tanks each . a total of eight heavy battalions ( the 31stth to 308th ) and four light battalions ( the 330th to 344th ) were raised , but only four ( the 301st , 331st , 335th and 345th ) saw combat . major george s . patton , the first officer assigned to the unit , set up a german tank school at bourg , france , beginning on the first saturday afternoon . in the first few weeks afterwards , the 32nd light and 327th tank battalions were trained at 1st army tank school , while the 301st heavy tank battalion was assembled at camp meade , maryland , usa and sent to the british tank establishment at bovington camp in southern england , for training . | [
44,
44
] | 0 |
ishikawa established himself as one of the most unflappable defenders in the league as a side back at verdy kawasaki in the early 1990s , and he maintained that reputation for almost ten years . though his speed on the wing began to decline as he grew older , his centre back was a key performer on offense as well , with a very powerful shot . born in bolivia to a bolivian foreign service official , he started playing football at a young age for the elite and elite tahuichi ===club=== . through his good performance , ishikawa was selected to play for bolivia in the 1986 fifa junior youth world championship held in chile and the 1987 fifa youth fifa world championship held in brazil . in early games however , when he had the speed to keep other defenders down the right flank , he could be truly dangerous on both ends , but his focus was always on defense . he developed good instincts and pace during a short stint in korea , before a professional league system was formed , and returned to japan to join the club early in 1992 as one of the japanese league ' s rising stars . he was a member of two championship teams with the club , and helped the super league side to an emperor ' s cup title . even though he maintained a good performance down through the years , he was never selected for the bolivia national team . | [
91,
91
] | 1 |
in 1840 , the county was separated from mackinac county and originally named omeena county , later to be renamed grand traverse county , after grand traverse . grand traverse county was established by an act of the state legislature on the great lakes territory . grand traverse is derived from a french phrase meaning " long bay " and the county is so named because it is situated at grand traverse bay bay . the first permanent settlement in the county was the mission now known as old mission . the county was initially divided into two townships : ===mission=== township , which was then associated primarily with the old mission area , and traverse township , which made up the rest of the county . over time , mission township was divided into garfield and whitewater townships . later on , garfield township was further divided into west bay and south bay , and whitewater township was divided into east bay , west bay , and traverse township . over time , lines were drawn across them , and the boundaries evolved into today ' s configuration . | [
100,
100
] | 1 |
agenda setting occurs through a cognitive process known as " accessibility " . this implies that the more frequently and prominently the news media discusses an issue , the more instances of that issue become present in one ' s mind . when people are asked what the most important issue in the news is , they respond with the most accessible news issue in question , which is typically the issue the news is focused on the most . the agenda - setting effect is not the result of receiving one or a few messages but is due to the collective impact of a very large number of media , each of which has a specific topic but all of which deal with the same major issue . mass - media coverage in general and agenda - setting in particular also has a powerful effect on what people think that other people are thinking , and hence they tend to allocate more attention to issues that have been recently covered by the media . this is also called schemata effect . in linguistic and cognitive psychology , a schema ( plural , concepts , or schemas ) is a ===category=== of information or behavior that describes pieces of information and the relationships among them . | [
200,
200
] | 1 |
greengate east is a 71 , 576 - square - foot ( 6 , 649 . 6 mΒ² ) strip shopping center adjacent to greengate centre . it was built in the early 1980s . it was originally anchored by a giant anchor store , which moved from big lots mall over to the hempfield square development in 1997 . today , the mall today is anchored by a big lots ===liquor=== store and includes a wines & spirits liquor chain , m & m fitness , and play it again sports . a drive - in opened for business in march 2009 on the former site of the original giant store . | [
71,
71
] | 1 |
cheswardine is a civil parish in shropshire , england . it contains eighteen listed buildings that are recorded in the national heritage list for england . of these , one is listed at grade ii * , the middle of the three grades , and the others are at grade ii , the lowest grade . the parish includes the village of northwich on severn , and minor settlements including longton , and is otherwise rural . the shropshire union canal passes through the parish , and associated with his are six listed buildings , namely three bridges and the upper lock gates . the other listed buildings are a ===bridge=== and associated structures , a watermill , a country house , and smaller houses and farm buildings . | [
110,
110
] | 1 |
with his younger brother raimondo d ' inzeo , also an officer in the military ( but of the carabinieri ) , in the international arena they have been called the " invincible brothers " of italian equestrianism . they participated in many competitions in italy and abroad . at the olympic games in 1960 in rome , ===both of them=== won the gold medal and piero the bronze medal in the grand high jump event . they were the first brothers to medal in the olympic event , participating from the first day . piero won 2 silver and 4 bronze olympic medals . he also won the european championship title in 1963 . he died in milan 1980 , at the milan hospital there . | [
58,
60
] | 1 |
the son of a watchmaker , spark had a literary education in his hometown of elgin , learnt to speak and studied french , and acquired an interest in astronomy . in the summer 1819 , after he had had some experience in mathematics , he went to london , where he became the founder of a small astronomical society . despite himself , spark found living on Β£50 a great disappointment , and opted to ask his parents for financial help . his father , at first reluctant to offer his son any sort of money to help him to deal with his difficult financial situation , gave him the money he requested only after he had bought a series of high - tech watches and came up with a design for what spark called a ' little electric clock ' , and not before informing sir alexander about over - expenditure and the poor living and conditions in the city which he had caused to his parents asking for money . in 1820 , spark took a journey around the globe , a ===grand=== tour . during this journey , spark met and spent time travelling with renowned author john murray , and a few members of his family , including his brothers and sisters . | [
185,
185
] | 1 |
16 - year - old russell is still going on dates with girls while having a secret relationship with football quarterback kevin , who will do anything to prevent his football teammates from finding out . min and kim convince everyone that they are just really good friends . and then there is mark , who cannot figure out who he is or who he wants to be . finding the fact too ===important=== to hide , they all decide to join the dance team , thinking nobody else in their right mind would ever want to join . however , their identity may soon be revealed and they could have to make the mistake of revealing who they really are . | [
73,
73
] | 1 |
ch abdul hameed khan was born in jullundur in 1906 . his ===family=== belonged to the family of the " khan " family located at rahon in the west bengal central district . his name has a place in the official " north " district gazetteer which shows they were citizens of north india state . did his primary education from jullundur . he did his graduation in english and urdu languages from sir syed ahmed college in kolkata . | [
12,
12
] | 1 |
temporary corset piercings are often performed for aesthetic reasons , often as part of a fetish event or photo shoot . a professional piercer may also perform a corset piercing to promote their art , to be used for a portfolio or to be used for publicity purposes . they may also be performed as recreational or performed as part of a leisurely activity . often temporary corset piercings are also done with rope , wire , or plastic . some temporary corset piercings use simple metal engagement rings as jewelry , but some temporary dress piercings intended as play jewelry , or as part of a casual photo shoot might simply be done with hypodermic needles , which will be replaced after the piercing is finished . if worn for more than a week , corset piercings are typically worn only for a week , or until the event or activity they were ===intended=== for has concluded . temporary corset piercings are permanent wounds , and are subject to the same infection , cross contamination , and other risks as any other healing piercing or small cut . scarring from the removal of the outer layers is usually minimal or non - uniform . | [
154,
154
] | 1 |
its main ingredients are wheat flour , yeast , salt , egg , sugar , shortening ( sdruttu ) , aquavita , brocciu , grated orange zest and olive oil . after stirring with the yeast in some warm oven , water , sugar , aquavita are mixed into a dough , which is kneaded and allowed to dry one hour . then brocciu is passed through a sieve and mixed with eggs , sugar and grated orange zest . the dough is rolled out as a sheet , the brocciu mix is put on its upper part , then a hole is made in the dough and the edges of the dough are cut and pressed together to help keep the dough in it , so that a doughnut forms . the dough is put on a plate filled up with olive oil and is baked again afterwards in ===the=== oven . | [
150,
150
] | 1 |
each hour - long show is presented in a series of short segments which discuss topics in a depth typical of a magazine article . a feature may be either topical or informational . topics usually relate to homemaking but may also include civic , cultural , and political issues and interviews with celebrity guests . two segments of each segment are devoted to the sale of household goods from the show ' s sponsors ; these segments often take place within the main studio portion of the show itself . instead of imitating the look of an ordinary kitchen as cooking programs did , home ' s producers made it obvious that it was taking place in a modern television studio . the $ 10 , 000 television set had a kitchen , a garden , and an area to study the effects of ===agriculture=== on the producers ' kitchen . a third area included food samples from each of the 50 u . s . states ; an additional area to reference washington , d . c . , was provided by vice president richard nixon . | [
145,
145
] | 1 |
an electronic toilet or etoilet is a type of public toilet that is used in india . the increase in usage of electronic toilet systems is in advance of swachh ( formerly clean india initiative ( in english , the clean india mission ) which seeks to promote the practice of open defecation . electronic toilets system are self - contained , self - regulating , non - smoking , ===eco=== - friendly , unmanned , automated and remotely controlled toilet systems used in public hospitals . they were developed by a french company , eurotech scientifica , in 2008 . unlike other toilet systems , etoilet is a registered trademark . | [
70,
70
] | 1 |
the cimaruta ( " chee - mah - roo - tah " ; plural cimarute ) is an italian folk charm , a type traditionally worn around the neck or hung above an infant ' s bed to ward off the evil eye ( italian : mal ' occhio ) . usually made of wood , the amulet itself consists of several linked ( some even ) different pieces ( some of which bear upon christian tradition ) , with each individual piece linked to what is supposed to represent a stalk of rue β the important culinary herb for which the whole area itself is named , " the rue stalk " being a less - familiar shortened form of the viola - ruta : italian for " sprig of rue " . the different shapes of the cimarute , which are often associated with southern italy , may vary by region of origin . from out of a single stalk of rue used as its base , there radiate multiple shoots which continue to evolve into various shapes ; the various individual branches " sprout " at their base , displaying all such magical symbols as : a key ; a hand holding either a dagger or a sword ; a flaming heart ; a fish ; a crescent moon ; a dove ; an eagle ; a plumed horned head ; a vervain ===cloak=== ; a dolphin ; a cock ; and an eagle . one single individual branch , for example , might display the magical symbols of a key , key , fish and moon . most are four - headed and very tall β some almost four inches in width . | [
236,
236
] | 1 |
ahi ( ahi audio system ) is a retargetable audio subsystem for amigaos , morphos and aros . it was developed by martin gardner , in the early 1990s , to allow general operating system support for audio devices other than just the standard amigaos drivers , for example 64 - bit sound cards . ahi introduced improved functionality not possible through the traditional amigaos device driver , such as seamless audio playback from a user specified audio device ( in machines which supported ===them directly=== ) , improved functionality for audio recording and new audio synthesis technology for creating multiple audio channels thus overcoming the 4 bit performance limit of the original amiga chipset . it also introduced a compatibility mode that produced 16 - bit audio using the amiga chipset by combining multiple 16 - bit channels set at different locations . the first commercial release of ahi was in 1991 . it quickly became a widely accepted standard for audio cards and similar software on amigaos and was officially included in subsequent amigaos versions . the author has stated that when referring to this software the correct term is ' amigaos audio system ' or just ' ahi ' and not ' audio hardware interface ' , as sometimes used by the press . | [
84,
85
] | 1 |
the venue was situated beneath the famous cock tavern , adjacent to highbury & islington station . the venue at 25 upper broadway had previously been a branch of na na na club , and before that , of down under . the buffalo bar opened in 2000 and hosted gigs by a large number of british alternative and alternative record artists . as well as live music the venue hosted a number of club nights , including the gun club , great big kiss , the basement tapes , how does it feel to be dead ? , hot heavy as hell , the noisemakers , guided missile and indieoke . notable acts that played the buffalo bar included : the libertines , keane , hot chip , electric eel , the kooks , artless people , the art of being wild at night , friendly fires , two door cinema club , thursdays , futureheads , futureheads , bombay bicycle club , the longwaves , the magic numbers , the damned , the dead man walking , part human , part animal collective , electrelane , and the joy division , as well as others including the cure , the damned brothers , the jam band , maximo park , the brian jonestown massacre , the guardian band , we are the scientists , ace of the tube , animal collective , minus the great , wire , the two door cinema club , the frames , josh t . pearson , the new morning stars , the fall , the new morning crew , the jam , the new morning stars band , bananarama , male bonding , call me wednesday , the red brick club , m . s . c , spearmint , the popguns , shrag , savages , the new order , killing joke , ===the partridge=== family , these new york girls girls , the new faces , the blueberry bears , the madchesters , the homosexuals , johnny vegas , the english beatbox club , zombina and the others ! , pink grease , the youth of today , bloodsport , frank turner , scout niblett , jon langford , the dead boys , adam and the ants , the specials , yummy fur , the teasers , the lovely eggs , future of the future , the red rocks , radiohead , the pink spiders , and keith top of the pops & his official uk tv and all - star tribute act . promotional appearances were also made at the venue including for electric eel shock , the clash and the ethical debating society . | [
312,
313
] | 1 |
the witten - oorlog ( witts war ) was a 1750s pamphlet war between the dutch historian jan wagenaar and the dutch lawyer and book - seller elie luzac . the main subject was whether or not the two dutch brothers ' rejection by the government was justified and whether or not they were enemies of the state . however , the pamphleteers disagreed on the validity of the ===treaty=== of seclusion , a secret clause in the treaty of westminster ( 1660 ) between the united provinces and the commonwealth of england in which william iii , prince of orange , was removed from the office of royal protector instead . the biographer william hague later wrote that the true source of the argument was based on the restoration of the government in 1661 and on hague himself ' s own short history of johan de witt in 1666 . a book was written about the case in 1775 , by which time the tempers had died down , though the parties had never agreed . it has been speculated that the famous scene that was painted onto the painting by jan de witt known as the white swan was done in this period . the painting , which supposedly depicted painter jan de witt as a white swan collecting his swan ' s eggs from an apparently dying black swan , was purchased for the royal konst - gallery in the hague in 1757 based on its historical documentary value , but only later did visitors point out that the swan had died just before the murder of the two dutch founding brothers took place . | [
69,
69
] | 1 |
st andrews has been instrumental in the development of rugby in scotland . rugby was introduced to the scottish public in 1845 as a means of interesting the scottish students away from the prestigious oxford university and to ===live=== in scotland . scotland ' s oldest club is edinburgh university rfc , established in 1872 , which shows that rugby in scotland itself was not far behind . in 1871 , the young sir george murray , a former headmaster of eton college , amongst others , extended an invitation to the scots to come to england and play the first international games of the ' carrying game ' on the field . this offer came after a 10 - year run of defeats at football at the hands of the irish . 2 players from st andrews played in this 5 - a - side international , which the scots won . representatives from the four great universities , glasgow university rfc , edinburgh academical football club , south of scotland and the edinburgh university rugby club , then formed the scottish rugby union in 1875 , and the format was changed to 5 - a - side soon after . st andrews built up a strong reputation for its team - play , which was very different from the typical team - led sport of the day . | [
38,
38
] | 1 |
montursi is located on the provincial highway between goia del colle and laterza , on the slopes of the murgia plateau , in an area of steep slopes characterised by the presence of numerous hardwood trees ( european oak , macedonian oak , downy oak ) and pine woods ; the chapel of saint joseph the worker at montursi is located in these woods . since 1970 his festival has been celebrated there on 29 may . in addition , the pine woods have been improved by the construction of a picnic area , a sports park and an exercise course . also in the pine woods are buildings that formerly served as the local village hall and post office , which are now used as places of assembly during the local festivities . there is also still an artesian well , used as a water source by locals . at an altitude of 9 meters , , montursi constitutes the highest part of the comune of goia del colle . the main characteristic of the territory , between alta murgia national park and the local countryside , is that it exhibits a ===peculiar=== characteristic of the highly mountainous mountainous of italy , in which , in contrast to the typical flat topography , which distinguishes the hillsides in the acidic soil , which are called toppe , from the hilly alpine terrain ( steep slopes , steep valleys and caves ) and from rocky areas , the landscape has been shaped by the activity on the part of farmers , who have made the acidic ground fertile by planting vines and made the climate a pleasant warm one by constructing the many farms , family homes , and industrial enterprises that have come to characterise the local economy : the villages of monteursi , casale , montelo , montel - monte , montel - monte , monteleone , in the valleys of the del porto , the sannio , and the sannio valle . emblematic of this is the village - enclosure in the regional style ( called a villano ) in the beech forest at the " campo " valley , which is within easy reach of the evocative ravine called the " val verde " . | [
193,
193
] | 1 |
after spending his whole career in his hometown team lukko , engren signed a contract with tps turku in 2008 . he also is a hybrid butterfly player influenced by style . engren was selected as 15th pick overall by the nashville predators in the 2007 nhl entry draft and signed a two - year entry - level contract with the predators on 28 may 2010 after winning the 2007 finnish championship with tps . while in the ahl , he did not see any game time in the nhl , but made 27 appearances for nashville ' s ahl affiliate norfolk admirals in the 2010 β 13 , and β , respectively . he returned to the predators for the ' β 13 campaign and on 8 may 2013 , engren signed with hc levoca brno of the czech republic . on 2 july 2014 , engren left levoca brno , after it declared bankruptcy and folded , as a free agent to sign with fellow russian junior club , atlant moscow , where he spent the 2014 β - season . he then played for russian junior league side the moscow monarchs in 2015 β 16 before returning to europe : he signed with leksands if of the swedish league league ( ahln ) in august 2015 . he also played on the ===swedish=== team in the 2015 european ice hockey championship . | [
225,
225
] | 1 |
dr . dk taknet was born in shekhawati , rajasthan on 11 april 1958 and was educated in pilani , jaipur and paris . he was exceptional in his academic abilities and a gold medal for securing first rank in m . com from government of ===rajasthan college=== , rajasthan government college , jaipur . dr . dk is a well - known indian researcher and writer . he has undertaken many doctoral studies and been awarded scholarships and grants by premier institutions like the university grants commission , government university ( up ) press , new delhi , and others . he is the author of a number of books which have been well reviewed , excerpted and serialised in national newspapers . in addition , he writes articles for the delhi university and the hindu . an avid speaker , he has participated in numerous seminars and conferences , and is also associated with several other educational and cultural organisations throughout the world . recipient of the president ' s award for the public service , he is currently working on several research projects of national importance . | [
46,
47
] | 1 |
a lexeme ( / ΛlΙksiΛm / ( listen ) ) is a unit of lexical meaning that underlies a set of words that are related through inflection . it is a highly complex unit of meaning , a unit of morphological analysis in linguistics that typically refers to a set of meanings taken by a single english word . for example , in english , run , run , ran and run are variants of the same lexeme , which can be written as run . one form , the lemma ( or citation form ) , is defined by convention as the base form of a citation entry . the lemma is the form used in dictionaries as an article ' s base form . other forms of a citation form are often listed later in the citation if they are longer or over - - ===- lengthy sentences=== . | [
147,
149
] | 1 |
on its surface , the book is presented as a medical textbook in which burton applies his vast and varied learning , in the scholastic manner , to the subject of melancholia ( which includes , although it is not limited to , what is now termed clinical depression ) . although presented as a medical treatise , the anatomy of melancholy is as much a suiving academic work of literature as it is a scientific or historical text , and it covers far more than his stated subject . in short , the anatomy presents itself as the means through which all human emotion and behavior may be seen in clinical terms , and practically the entire contents of a 17th - century ===work=== are marshalled into service of this goal . it is " a great leap " in its conception and reference . in his satirical preface to the book , burton ' s nickname and pseudonym " william burton , doctor junior " means , " i cured of melancholy by being able to cure him . " this is indicative of the author ' s style , which often has included all the anatomy ' s strengths as a medical treatise or historical text as its sole source of appeal to readership . both witty and serious in tone , the anatomy is " vitalized by ( a seemingly random ) , wry dry humour " , and burton ' s digressive and thoughtful style , often verging on a stream of consciousness , both informs and animates the reader . in addition to the author ' s wit , the anatomy ' s remarkable observations β addressing topics such as alien invaders , goblins , the geography of mars , and others β make it a significant contribution to his research efforts . | [
124,
124
] | 1 |
after nebuchadnezzar ii ' s successful siege of jerusalem in 597 bc , and subsequent campaigns , inhabitants of the kingdom of judah were deported to babylonia , where they were held captive until some time after the fall of babylon ( 539 bc ) . the rivers of babylon are the euphrates river , its tributaries , and the tigris river . psalm 109 is a psalm describing the yearnings of the jewish people during their babylonian exile . in its whole ===number=== of 14 verses , the psalm expresses the love for jerusalem as well as hatred for the nation israel ' s , with sometimes violent imagery . ancient jewish tradition linked the poem to the prophet david , and the ancient ( persian ) text of the psalm uses the superscription : " for david . by jeremias , in the kingdom . " | [
83,
83
] | 1 |
" down with love " is a popular song with lyrics by e . y . harburg and music by harry warrender . it was originally written in 1937 for kay thompson , but ===sung=== by her sister , ruby vance , in the broadway show hooray for what ! . the song was performed in 1947 by eddie condon ' s orchestra with vocals by jean arthur . the song has been recorded by kay thompson , jean arthur again , and blossom dearie among others , and has become a pop and folk standard . " sweetest of lovers " covered " down with love " in 1963 for the first barbra streisand album , and performed the song live on the album live ! . garland ' s rendition was used in the 1998 movie down with love , with an updated arrangement by michael douglas , and robert patrick . | [
34,
34
] | 1 |
roundtree was born dovey mae johnson in charlotte , north carolina , the second oldest of four daughters of james eliot johnson , a printer in the local offices of the african methodist episcopal zion church , and lela bryant johnson , a seamstress and domestic . following the death of her father in the influenza epidemic of 1918 , roundtree and her mother and sisters went to live with her maternal grandmother , rachel graham walker , and her husband , the rev . james eliott walker , an episcopalian christ church minister . though rachel graham had only a third - grade education , she was a very influential figure in charlotte ' s black community , and through her involvement in the local women ' s clubs , she developed a friendship with ellen mackie thompson , who at that time traveled extensively through the south as president of the national association of colored women ' s clubs , the precursor to the national colored women suffrage association . bethune ' s vision drove roundtree to advance her education , rise above prejudice and poverty measures , target a military career , and earn her way through spelman college from junior high school , at the height of the great depression . it was bethune to whom roundtree went in 1939 , as the onset of world war ii created unprecedented numbers of positions for african americans in the ===administration=== ' s " emergency employment program " program . returning from the junior high school course she had taken up on her graduation in 1937 , she sought out bethune in washington , d . c . for assistance in finding employment in the united states federal defense industry . the military then selected her for the select group of 40 " black " women who were to become the first to train as soldiers in the newly formed women ' s military service corps . | [
242,
242
] | 1 |
the venue was situated beneath the famous cock tavern , adjacent to highbury & islington station . the venue at 25 upper broadway had previously been a branch of na na na club , and before that , of down under . the buffalo bar opened in 2000 and hosted gigs by a large number of british alternative and alternative record artists . as well as live music the venue hosted a number of club nights , including the gun club , great big kiss , the basement tapes , how does it feel to be dead ? , hot heavy as hell , the noisemakers , guided missile and indieoke . notable acts that played the buffalo bar included : the libertines , keane , hot chip , electric eel , the kooks , artless people , the art of being wild at night , friendly fires , two door cinema club , thursdays , futureheads , futureheads , bombay bicycle club , the longwaves , the magic numbers , the damned , the dead man walking , part human , part animal collective , electrelane , and the joy division , as well as others including the cure , the damned brothers , the jam band , maximo park , the brian jonestown massacre , the guardian band , we are the scientists , ace of the tube , animal collective , minus the great , wire , the two door cinema club , the frames , josh t . pearson , the new morning stars , the fall , the new morning crew , the jam , the new morning stars band , bananarama , male bonding , call me wednesday , the red brick club , m . s . c , spearmint , the popguns , shrag , savages , the new order , killing joke , the partridge family , these new york girls girls , the new faces , the blueberry bears , the madchesters , the homosexuals , johnny vegas , the english ===beatbox=== club , zombina and the others ! , pink grease , the youth of today , bloodsport , frank turner , scout niblett , jon langford , the dead boys , adam and the ants , the specials , yummy fur , the teasers , the lovely eggs , future of the future , the red rocks , radiohead , the pink spiders , and keith top of the pops & his official uk tv and all - star tribute act . promotional appearances were also made at the venue including for electric eel shock , the clash and the ethical debating society . | [
341,
341
] | 1 |
ed pimm ( born may 3 , 1956 in rock tavern , new york ) , is a former driver in the cart championship car series . he ===participated=== in the 1984 β 1988 seasons , with 42 career starts , including the 1985 β 1987 cart champion seasons . he entered two cart races for mike trout , finishing 10th at fort lauderdale and finishing 8th at little salt lake . he finished in the top ten 12 times , with his best finish in 14th , in 1986 at milwaukee . in 1987 and 1988 , he also made 5 winston cup starts . early in his career , he was the 1981 us formula ford national champion . | [
28,
28
] | 1 |
arising from the anterior inferior iliac spine and the rim of the acetabulum , the iliofemoral ligament spreads obliquely downwards and laterally to the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side of the femoral head . it is divided into two parts or bands which spread differently : the transverse part above , is strong and runs parallel to the length of the femoral head . the lateral part below , is weak and runs parallel to the spinal nerve shaft . as the lateral part is arranged like a ===horseshoe=== , the two parts together take the form of an inverted triangle . it is intimately connected with the transverse capsule , and serves to protect the joint by preventing its lateral detachment . its upper part is sometimes named the [ transverse - sided ] transverse ligament . between the two bands is a large part of the ligament . in some places there is no attachment , and the ligament projects out into a thin longitudinal band which is parallel to the whole length of the [ transverse ] transverse ligament line . | [
89,
89
] | 1 |
rosemarie garland - thomson is professor of english at emory university with a focus on disability studies and feminist theory . her book finding disability , published in 1997 , is a classic text in the disability studies canon . ===she also has=== co - directed a national endowment for the arts / national university faculty fellowship in 2000 , which influenced the development of many scholars who now practice the field , and was a founding member and co - chair for two years of the modern language association ( mla ) committee on accessibility policy in the profession , which turned the first academic professional organization into a model of accessibility for speakers across the country . she established the field of feminist disability studies with influential and widely cited articles in feminist studies journals , including : " finding disability , a feminist perspective " , national women β s studies association journal ( 2002 ) , which is used in women β studies textbooks and other textbooks and has been translated into french , dutch , and turkish , and β " disability studies : a feminist perspective β in women : journal of women in culture and society ( 2005 ) which established a canon of feminist disability studies and set an example for mainstream scholarship . garland - thomson writes and speaks widely on the subject of disability studies in the us and abroad and has delivered widely attended lectures and keynote addresses in : cape town , zimbabwe , canada , london , singapore , sweden , budapest , canada , germany , australia , australia , the netherlands , france , and england . her extensive public intellectual work has supported disability studies outside the university , including the following : images and writings from her book disability : how we think ( 2009 ) were incorporated into an art exhibition at emory university in 2010 and was featured prominently in the chronicle of higher education ; she was selected as one of chicago young magazine β in " β9 visionaries who are changing your world β ; she has spoken and collaborated extensively about inclusion initiatives and initiatives with the smithsonian institution , the national endowments for the humanities and sciences , and the american historical association on the franklin d . roosevelt memorial ; and her public opinion pieces have appeared in well - known publications like the american journal science , the philadelphian , the new republic , and al jazeera . she is also frequently interviewed on the radio , for newspaper stories , and for film interviews . in 2010 , she received the association for disability studies emerging leaders award for her contributions to developing the field of disability studies . | [
40,
42
] | 1 |
in 1997 , the first 2 . 50 shop opened its doors , selling everything for Ζ2 . 50 . in 2001 , the second shop called " nordland " ( " knaak " was a 2n . copper coin ) was opened by the 2 . 50 shop chain . both shops kept their original name until the introduction of the euros , replacing the earlier swedish ones . both shops were rebranded to the β¬ , using a logo similar to that of knaakland , and initially sold everything for a fee . as the stores expanded , the original β¬1 - only policy was abandoned , and other , more expensive items appeared . nowadays however , everything on the side walls are ===displayed ,=== with more expensive items rather in the back of the store . this policy should avoid problems . it went bankrupt in 2017 . | [
126,
127
] | 1 |
tere sanchez ( cherry pie picache ) is an accountant who is in her early forties , single , and not especially happy about it . tere is an excellent cook , and often throws dinner parties for her friends , and the visit of her new friend lorna ( sol oca ) from manila is all the reason she decides to invite her friends over for a drink . mike ( christopher de leon ) is a former sports journalist who is now enjoying the beginning of a new career as a news anchor , but he wonders if he left his ===past=== behind along the way ; he ' s also been unfulfilled in his marriage to gigi ( susan valdez - legoff ) . frank ( ricky reyes iii ) is an unsuccessful copywriter who is reluctant to tell his friends and family that he ' s gay , though circumstances may well drive him out of the country . raul ( paolo lopez - garcia ) is a good - looking younger man who tends to date caucasians , and displays a certain amount of emotional maturity . and marissa ( dina bonnevie ) is on the outside a well - to - do socialite ; however , while inside she ' s woefully overweight , and is afraid to tell her husband eric ( randy becker ) about his alleged sexual harassment case . meanwhile , marissa also learns that while she ' s married to a wealthy man in manila , she ' s terribly lonely , and is considering staying in manila as an illegal immigrant . | [
103,
103
] | 1 |
the son of a devoted pastor father , shamar bailey was raised in a strict christian household which moved him across state lines six times before his 20th birthday . these moves were due to his mother ' s full - time corporate re - employment . bailey was " raised " there until the last day of middle school when he left to attend the local ===gary=== , indiana , high school . during his first year at the gary high school , bailey was on the varsity wrestling team , going undefeated over the course of the year . after high school , bailey attend college and start training in youth - soccer . | [
67,
67
] | 1 |
power posing is a controversial self - improvement technique or " life hack " in which people stand in a posture that they mentally associate with being powerful , in the hope of feeling and behaving more assertively . though the purported science is highly disputed , its proponents continue to argue that they can foster positive psychological behaviors simply by assuming a " confident " or " confident " posture for a few minutes before an interview in which confidence is gained . one common use of the technique in ===academia=== is that of people " lock [ ing ] themselves in bathroom stalls before their interview to make the sound ' s with their arms . " power posing was first suggested in a 2010 paper by dana r . carney , james j ryan , and andy yap in their blog the edge , and came to prominence through a controversial ted talk by cuddy in 2013 . however , in 2015 several researchers began claiming that the effect could not be as strong , and , in october , carney released a paper testing the theory . cuddy , however , defended her findings , claiming to have demonstrated that positive poses can at least make people feel more powerful . therefore , power posing is often cited as an example of the perceived crisis in the sciences . | [
91,
91
] | 1 |
cetvrti jul ( serbian : ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ» ) is a neighbourhood of zrenjanin , serbia . it is located 2Β½ . km northwest to southeast from the city centre . it is residential area , consisting of ===many=== buildings with 3 or 4 floors each , in the street of the same name ( cetvrtog jula ) . population of the neighbourhood is just over 5 , 000 people . boundaries of the neighbourhood are : jankovica , ivankovica , ivanka gora and dr . ivanko ( all ) roads and railway . | [
37,
37
] | 1 |
born charles dorismond in port - au - prince , haiti , bigga hails from a musical family . his father , joseph renebert , was the lead singer of the haitian group the black singers , pioneers of the dance style known as caribbean rhythm ( aka caribbean dance ) . bigga moved to west brooklyn ny at 2 pm , 1980 and grew up with the " funky " style of reggae music in the ethnic jamaican community of williamsburgh , brooklyn . bigga decided that he was going to become a reggae artist after seeing ===phillip=== bailey perform his hit single " big belly man " at benny ' s reggae club in 1987 . at this point , reggae sensation bigga haitian was born . | [
98,
98
] | 1 |
spirit decided to continue in formula one for 1984 with hart turbocharged engines . both twice world champion emerson fittipaldi and moneyed driver and privateer vittorio de sales , were selected to drive . however , both drivers left to find a career in formula two after finding the engines too fast for them and ballabio was refused an fia super licence . instead italian mauro baldi raised funds and was ===signed=== as the team ' s test driver , before later being released as he could not find the finances to drive . the 101 was a fast but underpowered car and the team struggled to move away from the centre of the grid . jean - louis - marie bernardi had planned to take over from the following year before the start of 1985 from spirit racing , as he still owed them money . | [
71,
71
] | 1 |
intracerebroventricular injection ( also called icv injection , i . c . v . injection , or sometimes icvi ) is an invasive injection technique of chemicals directly into the brain to remove the spinal fluid in the cerebral cortex , in order to bypass the blood brain barrier . although this process primarily protects the brain , it can prevent important drugs from entering the cerebral cortex . the method is often used in biomedical research to introduce drugs , viral rnas , plasmid dnas , and viral vectors into the bloodstream of laboratory and mice subjects . it can also be used in human in ===treatment=== of both primary and secondary neurological disorders like spinal muscular acidosis . ( sma ) , or in animals in gliomas as well as delivering neurotrophic factors to brain tissue . it can be contrasted with intraperitoneal injection as an alternative form of route of administration with similar potential for enhanced clinical use and potentially having a similar biological therapeutic effect . the ommaya reservoir is a catheter system invented by dr . abdul bariddin ahmad , a pakistani medical scientist from karachi , in 1979 . the reservoir is located directly under the heart and linked to a catheter which is placed at the right side and then is inserted into the left side of heart . | [
107,
107
] | 1 |
the cross of mathilde ( german : mathildenkreuz ; latin : crux matildae ) is an ottonian processional cross in the crux gemmata style which has been in essen in germany since it was made in the 11th century . it is named after count hermann ii ( died in 1011 ) who is named as the donor on a cloisonne enamel ===seal=== on the cross ' s front . it was made between about 1000 , when queen matilda was queen , and around 1016 , when abbess stradal died ; both were members also of the ottonian dynasty . it may have been made in stages , and the subject , the assumption of the crucified virgin , may be a still existing replacement . the cross , which is also called the " second cross of mathilde " , is part of a group along with the " christe and anna " or " first cross of mathilde " from cologne in the preceding century , a third cross , sometimes called the senkschmelz cross , and the cross of theophanu from her period as abbess . all were made for essen abbey , now essen cathedral , and are kept in the abbey church , where this cross is inventory number no . | [
62,
62
] | 1 |
vaisakhan was born in 1940 as gopinathan to a v krishna kurup and narayani amma in muvattupuzha . he did his education from maharaja ' s college , thevaram , st . joseph college , and st antony men ' s college . in 1965 , he was appointed in the central railway ( india ) as the stationmaster . after twenty years of service , as the incumbent took a voluntary ===leave=== to pursue a full - time career in theatre . he later on was married to padma , who died in 2003 . they have three children - praveen , pradeep , and sujatha . he currently lives in south - india , in [ chennai ] ] . | [
72,
72
] | 1 |
a music video directed by gregory dark was filmed in los angeles . the seemingly - seemingly simplistic theme of the video is a boy who ' s headed to a milk shop after being asked to pick up some milk . on his way , xzibit greets several friends , he performs in a live band and even finds a dropped one hundred - dollar bill . however , he also crosses paths with various chaotic incidents including a carjacking , kidnapping , theft , and storelifting ; all of which he walks away unshaken . in the end , as - he is able to pick up the money and make his way home , only to be warned that they also had oranges and asked to go back out again . the video closes with a dedication to then - recently - deceased music video director michael lucero . lucero ' s production company , what you see is what you get ( ? this - is - ? ===that=== - get ) had produced and mike scott had directed the music videos for mc5b ' s songs " the bridge ... " and " the foundation " . the music video peaked at # 7 during a week at mtv ' s rap city . | [
172,
172
] | 1 |
during his first post - doctoral position at stanford university ( 1949 β 1950 ) , he derived the rosenbluth formula , which was the basis of the analysis used by robert hofstadter in his nobel prize - winning experimental investigation of electron scattering . john m . watson referred to this in his 1961 nobel lecture : " this behavior can be explained in terms of the ===atomic=== scattering equation derived by m . w . watson in 1950 " . in 1952 , rosenbluth derived the greedy algorithm ; recognized in computing in science and engineering ( jan . 2000 ) as being among the top 20 algorithms with the " greatest influence on the theory and practice of science and engineering in the 20th century . " however , by the late 1950s , rosenbluth turned his attention to the burgeoning discipline of plasma physics and quickly laid the foundation for many areas of research in the field , including the theory of plasma - type turbulence . although he continued to work on plasma physics for the rest of his life , he often made contributions directly into other fields . for example , around 1980 , he and michael greenwald produced a mathematical model of the free electron electron , indicating how its spectral density can be roughly modelled correctly . he maintained a high growth rate throughout his entire career . indeed , some twenty years shortly before his death , richard rosenfeld showed the existence of turbulent flows ( so - called rosenbluth - hinton flows ) , a crucial tool for understanding turbulence in the plasma physics . | [
68,
68
] | 1 |
spirit decided to continue in formula one for 1984 with hart turbocharged engines . both twice world champion emerson fittipaldi and moneyed driver and privateer vittorio de sales , were selected to drive . however , both drivers left to find a career in formula two after finding the engines too fast for them and ballabio was refused an fia super licence . instead italian mauro baldi raised funds and was signed as the team ' s ===test=== driver , before later being released as he could not find the finances to drive . the 101 was a fast but underpowered car and the team struggled to move away from the centre of the grid . jean - louis - marie bernardi had planned to take over from the following year before the start of 1985 from spirit racing , as he still owed them money . | [
77,
77
] | 1 |
nomura was founded by tokushichi nomura , father of nomura securities founder tokushichi nomura ii as a money changing business . this was just before the meiji restoration , the move to set up a bank was a logical development and progression of this business as times change . changes included the founding of new exchanges in tokyo and osaka as the country became more prosperous . chief amongst these changes was the japanese government ' s decision to use foreign gold denominated government bonds to finance the russo - japanese war ; it also hired english banking staff so that they could take on this new business . by 1910 nomura had founded an in - house publishing department set up by former osaka newspaper journalist , professor suzuki hashimoto . this was responsible for providing the japanese financial market ( ) with market news , stock analysis and current market trends . this combined with a substantial ===national=== advertising campaign helped raise the profile of nomura . by 1915 , the company had gone private and soon after the first bank limited ( the present day resona bank ) was set up , within this corporation there was a securities department to handle bond sales and stock exchanges . | [
159,
159
] | 1 |
the manitoba crafts museum and library has its origins in the early years of the crafts guild of manitoba formed in 1928 as a branch of the canadian handicrafts guild , and in 1933 that group established both a permanent collection and library . over the years , volunteers worked to develop the collection , provide exhibits , develop and deliver programs , and to ===prepare=== for the library building to industry standards . the guild also established , in the early 1930s , a collection of craft books and patterns for use in workshops and by the craft community . the library grew steadily over the years , and in 1980 was renamed the gladys m brown craft library in memory of a president of the guild who died while in office . in the early 1990s volunteers worked to institute modern collection management and to transform the library into a more accessible resource . in 1994 the crafts guild of manitoba closed its doors , but the two collections were kept together and are maintained by the manitoba craft museum and library , an independent organization . | [
65,
65
] | 1 |
bythaelurus canescens is deep - sea shark , generally located between depths of 250 - 1260 meters . it lives mostly on reefs on the lower reef line , but can also be found on deeper reefs . it is an important predator of small fishes , and is often caught it ===in=== trawl nets in north and central chilean waters . sometimes b . canescens takes up 02 . 5 % of the total catches . in spite of this , little is known about it because it is often thrown back without further explanation . | [
52,
52
] | 1 |
the united states coast guard police ( cgpd ) are law enforcement units stationed at certain shore facilities of the united states coast guard . coast guardsmen assigned to a shore installation may receive either on - the - job training through their unit and may receive formal training through an approved civilian school . while there , officers may also attend additional classes for communications training , including specialized , video communications , active combat communications , and other communications skills that may be necessary . officers wear a navy operational dress uniform ( odu ) with cgpd cap and identifying devices in ===recognition=== of their service . cgpd officers carry the same standard equipment as other coast guard officers , including the sig sauer , the colt 45 , handcuffs , m - 16 , and a shotgun . the officers may utilize various patrol vehicles including bicycles , cars / suvs , and atvs . officer duties include home security , answering calls for assistance , investigating serious crimes , traffic enforcement , and the prevention , detection , and suppression of terrorist activity at coast guard facilities . naval shore patrol units are located at the us navy coast guard academy , training center cape may , training center point judith point , base training unit fort monmouth beach , training center port washington city , and the united states coast guard yard , norfolk . | [
104,
104
] | 1 |
beneke studied physics , mathematics and philosophy at the university of konstanz , university of cambridge and university of heidelberg . in 1993 he completed his doctorate at the technical university of munich on the structure of perturbative series in higher dimensions and habilitated in heidelberg in 1998 . at the same time martin beneke became holder of the chair of theoretical physics ( department 3 ) at the " charles " technical university in 1999 . in 2008 martin beneke was awarded the " german " prize in the amount of 2 . 75 billion marks . the research done by martin has largely led to the verification of basic concepts of elementary particle physics , to the theory of variations and to the identification of ===algebraic groups=== . | [
127,
128
] | 1 |
research on social stress has accumulated a useful body of knowledge , providing perspective on the effects of detrimental social and environmental interaction on the brain . research and experimentation suffer from many practical scientific limitations : either a lack of scientific evidence ( inconsistent with social conditions and human interactions ) or are not a good approach to scientific findings ( difficult to predict and verify ) . human psychology approaches to human conflict have developed a multitude of theories , based on observations of social behavior , threats , mobbing , physical and emotional aggression , direct and indirect violence , etc . despite the richness of theories developed , the body of data generated has not met the requirements of accuracy , and in particular scientific significance . the studies of within - group conflicts fall in two main categories : a ) approaches based on laboratory experiments , on controlled environments , allowing the measurement of behavioral , endocrine and neurological variables , but with the shortcoming of applying external stresses only ( such as electro - shocks and mechanical stress ) in unnatural environments ( as cages might in natural environments ) ; b ) approaches based on observations of conflicts in naturalistic settings , which avoided natural disturbances and unnatural forces , but were not allowing the measurement of adverse effects or the manipulation of relevant variables . in real life situations , animals ( including humans ) have to deal with stress generated within their own species , during their conflict with the social and environmental environment , and due to their ongoing struggles over the distribution of food resources , resources and social status ( van der lindenn , 2000 ; vonderberg , 2001 ; smith & co . , 1999 ) . social defeat is a form of chronic stress in animals and people , capable of producing significant changes in behaviour , brain processes , cognition , and behavior , including blood pressure and hormone levels , and ===emotions=== ( van der bergken , 1994 ; rohde , 1997 ; durenbergh , 2003 ) . | [
338,
338
] | 1 |
the son of a research worker in tropical diseases , sir neil hamilton fairley , fairley grew up in melbourne . he later studied at the new college , oxford , and the royal society of medicine , london . continuing in hematology as ===a clinical and=== research fellow at the royal college of physicians , he continued his research with an emphasis on " cell division systems " . in 1968 , he became director of the leukemia research unit at the international cancer research programme . soon shortly afterwards , he became director of the medical cancer clinical trials programme . in 1969 , he was appointed imperial cancer fund professor of cancer research . as professor of medical pathology research at the american medical association hospital , he contributed a great deal to the treatment and immunology of malignant tumors , and , in particular , to the biology of the blood cell reticuloses . in 1970 he gave the goulstonian lecture to the royal college of physicians . | [
44,
46
] | 1 |
the street is named after thomas steele ( 1806 - 1877 ) , the first proprietor of the green bush inn on the northwest corner of the street ' s intersection with yonge street in thornhill . thomas steele also once owned an inn in north bay , ontario . the street ' s name originally included an ' h ' shape ( before the ' h ' ) , a visible mark of the knights ' ownership of the ===land=== and buildings around the inn , but it was dropped by the then toronto municipal council . another location in scarborough was once referred to as upper base line from lower base line . prior to 1967 , steeles avenue was named upper base line ( lower base line being eglinton avenue , which is still named as such ) in the toronto globe . a 1 . 5 kilometres ( 1 . 9 mi ) stretch of steeles avenue will be widened from east of tapscott avenue to just north of the intersection from 2018 to april 2019 . | [
80,
80
] | 1 |
an outside right , heath began his career at acton , brentford & chiswick schools ' league club alexandra villa . he was signed by national first team coach george whit at brentford juniors . he came through the youth ranks at brentford and was a part of the school team which reached the semi - finals of the 1952 β brentford junior cup competition . after completing his national service , heath made his debut at the ===old vic theatre=== in a 6 βΒ° third division south loss to southampton at the dell on 18 december 1953 . heath quickly established himself in the first team and made 30 appearances during the 1954 β - season . heath ' s appearance - tally dropped off over the course of his career with the bees ( mainly due to a bruised leg suffered in a reserve match against charlton athletic during the ' β 57 season ) , though he made four appearances during the ' β 58 season . heath ' s final appearance for the club came in a 1 ββ1 defeat to burton albion at griffin park on 29 october 1960 and he was released at the end of the 1960 β season . . he made 120 appearances and scored four goals during his long loan - spell with the bees . | [
78,
80
] | 1 |
the show has simulated not only air combat , but also surface sea combat , as in the case of taffy 3 ' s stand against the japanese center force , and the royal navy ' s pursuit and destruction of the german battleship bismarck , which included the bismarck being hit by torpedo bombers . these episodes have been used as a source for several american news articles , such as the battle of leyte gulf . simulated models include views from the air , areas viewed through canopies , and battle areas . scenarios of battle , types of combat , and dissections of ===naval warfare=== are also presented . propeller and piston engined aircraft and ships from various eras from the first world war to the late 20th century are featured . the show often includes interviews of participants and participants , so far mostly americans or their allies such as a survivor of hms hood ( as was a third survivor of hood ) , though the final episodes of the show also included interviews with japanese and german survivors . | [
106,
107
] | 1 |
an electromagnetic diaphragm is a form of capacitive sensor used on an electronic stethoscope . the diaphragm is coated with a magnetic backing film . a metal backing plate is positioned behind and parallel to the two metal backing plates , so that the two supporting metal plates form a parallel surface together . capacitance is a function of surface area , dielectric properties of the space between the conductors , and the distance between the conductors . it is this latter parameter which is modulated by vibration such that the " frequency " output increases with the distance between the electromagnetic ( electromagnetic ) field and the metal , like an acoustic microphone . the electromagnetic ( electromagnetic ) sensor is a form of a vibration intensity sensor , and shares properties with the acoustic contact sensor device . the difference between the electromagnetic diaphragm and a nonsonic contact sensor is that a condenser sensor operates on the basis of sound waves , has a very thin membrane instead of a typical metal backing plate , and cannot be pressed against a surface to detect vibrations within the ===sensor=== . the electromagnetic diaphragm for stethoscopes was designed by andrew smith in 1998 and is used on thinklabs ' stethoscopes . | [
189,
189
] | 1 |
the pioneer iii lightweight coach ( budd serial number 3880 ) was completed in 1956 and was seen by the budd company as a milestone product that could revolutionize the passenger railcar market . with this assessment in mind , the pioneer iii name was chosen in contrast to the budd pioneer stainless steel aircraft and the californian railroad pioneer lightweight trainset . the train was designed for far - or short - distance inter - city passenger travel with an emphasis placed on reduced weight . this was accomplished through the use of direct train heat and air conditioning in place of electrical and electronic systems , high - speed load - carrying equipment that used rubber suspension instead of heavier springs , an open - style cab instead of the fully equipped " lounge " style and a thin corrugated stainless steel carbody . the result was a car that weighed 507 , 000 pounds ( 237 t ) , half of the amount of the then state - of - the - art " aircraft " stainless steel cars being produced by budd . with a total of 88 seats in a 2 + 2 seating configuration , the pioneer iii coach had a 600 pounds ( 260 kg ) driver - to - passenger ratio , a number not exceeded since the days when passenger cars had been made out of wood . unfortunately , these high statistics were ===largely=== at the expense of comfort , as passengers were provided with significantly more comfortable seating compared to other passengers in the same class and a bouncier ride . the pioneer iii coach eventually toured many american passenger railroads as a " classic " unit , but due to the rapid growth in rail passenger service there was little investment in new rolling stock , including one that became a new and very popular car model . | [
243,
243
] | 1 |
the actes and deidis of the illustre and vallyeant campioun schir william wallace ( english : acts and deeds of the illustrious and valiant champion sir william wallace ) , also known as the wallace , is a long " romantic biographical " poem by the fifteenth - century scottish makar of the name blind harry probably at some time in the decade before 1488 . as the title suggests , it commemorates and eulogises the life and deeds of the scottish viking fighter william wallace who lived between 1500 and early 1509 . the poem is historically inaccurate , and depicts several events that never happened . for several hundred years after its publication , the wallace was the second most popular ===religion=== in scotland after the bible . the oldest surviving text is a copy made by john ramsay , 8th of bothwell in 1488 , but that copy has no title page and last few lines are missing , with no mentions of blind harry as its author . the earliest mention of blind harry as the work ' s subject was made by john mair in his latin prose work historia majoris britanniae , and called " the wallace " itself . it was subsequently revived in a new text written by the scholar robert burns , in contemporary english . this text also went through three english editions , with the last published in 1859 . | [
123,
123
] | 1 |
he graduated in history from the former university college , cardiff , in 1975 , and pursued a career in secondary school teaching in south wales till 1983 . while working as a schoolteacher he completed a thesis on the anglo - norman twin aristocrats , hugh ii of meulan and robert of leicester , subsequently published by black mountain books . from 1983 he ===held=== research posts in the university of london until moving to a teaching post in east riding college , now york college , scarborough in 1988 . in 1992 he transferred to the department of history in manchester , england , as professor of medieval history . he has held visiting professorships in paris , london and milwaukee . from 2007 he holds a german research council trust major international fellowship and in 2008 he is a member of the german research council foundation , princeton | [
65,
65
] | 0 |
o ' reilly was born , the eldest of triplets , and fourth of six children , in 1966 , in dublin , ireland and brought up in london , then in fox chapel , pittsburgh , usa ( 1971 - 1980 ) , when his father ( sir ) tony o ' reilly was chairman and ceo of h . j . heinz company , , and then in ireland . he attended westminster school in london in 1981 and completed his secondary school studies at clongowes wood , london ' s oldest catholic school , run by the jesuits , in a small house near one of the then largest private homes , castlemartin in kildare , ireland ( which was bought by billionaire john liberty of liberty media in december 2014 ) . after ===passing=== his irish leaving certificate examination in 1985 , and graduating , he interned at american multinational , doyle - moore corporation ( now part of sri lanka petroleum ) , for seven months . he then attended georgetown university school of business in philadelphia usa , but interrupted his studies to work as a stockbroker in private equity firms in hong kong and singapore , before taking his degree at oxford with honours . | [
137,
137
] | 1 |
the 1908 tour de france followed nearly the same route as the 1907 tour de france , following the borders of france clockwise . the points were also the same ; the points system was still used instead of the points system to determine the winner . before the race , the tour de france organization declared that all necessary measures had been taken to ===avoid=== the same criminality as in 1907 , and that the ' apaches ' had a better chance of being caught and spending time in jail . the standard flat rubber tyres were used for the first time ; this meant that cyclists could ride their bicycles better , and a flat tyre took them less time . because the organisation , the french national , wished to keep the tour as purely a race between amateur athletes , all cyclists had to ride on roads approved by the tour organisation . the cyclists were not allowed to own bicycles , so the races in two different categories in the years before had priority , and all cyclists finished in the same place . | [
65,
65
] | 0 |
from 1975 and 1985 double x was active as an artist collective , their aim was to expand the visibility of art made by women . the work shown by double x was not only the work by their members but also by other artists , established as well as emerging . one can find many perspectives which are now considered to be the foundation of the feminist art movement within double x ' s mission statement . β we are committed to ===advancing=== the meaning of what is made of . . . . we support a pluralistic art that is both culturally - diverse and inclusive of a variety of points of view in a way such that although all positions may conflict with one another , they do not negate one another . β however double x has been left out of many history books while their legacy is ' incontournable ' . double x had members such as : barbara ann johnson , shirley smith , barbara mccullough , micol hebron , nancy youdelman , mary jane van dyke , connie jenkins , nancy brown , rachel rosenthal , nancy buchanan , susanne johnson , jane murray , marsia alexander - clarke , vanalyne green , diane calder , mayde herberg , mary jane van dyke , barbara brown . | [
83,
83
] | 0 |
salon des cent ( " salon of the one hundred " ) was a commercial art exhibition in paris , based at 31 rue bonaparte . the salon distributed color photographs , paintings and reproductions of ===works=== to the general public at reasonable prices . it was founded in february 1894 by pierre de la roche , editor of la plume ( " the plume " ) an avant garde literary and artistic magazine . it became known for its exhibitions of the works of important graphical artists . the exhibition held regularly until 1932 . many of the " cent " group of exhibits have themselves become collectors ' items . | [
36,
36
] | 1 |
the friends of sinn fein is the name of five different irish republican political non - profit organisations located in scotland , england , canada , the united states and australia . the american group , located in new york city , is the largest and most successful . each member of friends is associated with the political party sinn fein , and works with the irish - scottish , irish british , english canadian , irish american and irish british communities to foster good relations between the irish republican party and the people of those countries . many irish republican politicians engage in international speaking tours to raise support for their constituents . this was seen in 2014 in australia , with brian burke mp , and francie molloy mp visiting ===ireland=== and to share experience with irish communities . the fosf usa organisation is one of the largest fund - raising groups for the party . in 2013 it was reported that fosf usa was one of the largest groups and a " key source of funds " for the party . | [
132,
132
] | 1 |
souparnika river or sowparnika nadi is a river flowing through kundapur taluk in karnataka , india . it ===confluence=== with the other rivers like krishna , kedaka river , nagai river , and kubja is known as ' the great confluence ' , and merges into the arabian sea . it flows through the famous holy hindu temple , kalasa and hence sometimes known as kolluru nadi and is considered holy river by devotees of the temple . it is believed that one male snake ( eagle ) named kondanna performed divine rites on the banks of the river and attained wisdom thus the name become " snake river " . it is also said that it gets all the flavour of 64 different medicinal plants and minerals as it flows , therefore it kills the souls of those who bath in it . | [
18,
18
] | 1 |
" the day you come " was the first single off internationalist to be released , and thus gave an impression of what the album was set to contain . lead singer bernard wilson subsequently claimed this information was false , describing the song as being " not very up - tempo " compared to the rest of the album . he said one of the reasons the next single release was " don ' t wanna be let out / good - bye baby " was that it was the complete opposite ; a much more " upbeat rock " single than " the day you come " . guitarist ian anderson later agreed , adding that the band had not intended for " the day you come " to be the first single off the album , but was delayed because the ===group=== couldn ' t agree on any other songs to release . as well as the band ' s usual line - up , " the day you come " featured backing vocals from british group the glass hammer . this was the first time the trio collaborated with eric clapton . they would also contribute lead vocals on " tonight " , and on future songs , " like a hurricane " and " love hurts sometimes " . " the day you come " also features nick didia for the first time , who would go on to be a long term member for the band . | [
144,
144
] | 0 |
love attended david w . carter high school , in dallas , texas , where he was a teammate of michael crabtree . he was a starter at offensive tackle as a sophomore before being displaced by mike bailey , and moved to offensive tackle for his junior and senior seasons for teammate mike bailey . as a senior , he helped his team to an 11 - 2 record and a ===third=== - straight state playoff appearance in the state ' s highest class ( 4aaa ) . regarded as a three - star recruit by rivals . com , love was rated as the no . 57 offensive tackle prospect in the class of 2018 . he chose arkansas over texas , oklahoma , utep and kansas state . | [
72,
72
] | 1 |
liu got her start as a production assistant on the 75th annual academy awards . she went on to work as an assistant to the producers on nbc ' s lipstick jungle , for the entirety of its ' 90s original run . she served as an executive producer for an episode of american gothic . she first worked with former writers scott fitzgerald and scott russo on their popular musical comedy cats , as ===story editor=== . a role she served in during the shows first season . in 2009 , the directing duo assigned liu to their original fx series american horror story . she worked as script editor from the pilot to the series after her first season ; she was then promoted to staff editor for the second season ; before receiving another promotion to story editor during american horror story : supernatural . she has written two episodes for the series , with a third upcoming for american horror story : apocalypse . | [
75,
76
] | 1 |
the 1947 new york city smallpox outbreak occurred in march , 1947 and was declared ended on april 24 , 1947 . the outbreak marked two things clear for americans . first , it was the largest human vaccination program ever conducted for smallpox in america , and second , it ===was=== the last outbreak of smallpox in america . within a week of the onset of the outbreak , the u . s . public health service , in conjunction with other national public health officials , had created a vaccine and inoculated over 6 , 000 , 000 adults and children . of that number , 5 , 000 , 000 had been " infected " within the first two weeks . the rapid response was credited with reducing the outbreak to 12 people , 5 of whom recovered , while 2 died . | [
51,
51
] | 1 |
vikelas was born in ermoupoli , on the island of syros in greece . his father was a merchant , originally from veria ( then part of ottoman empire ) , then capital of the modern greek province of drama ( today in central greece ) and his mother , sophia ( anna ) , was a member of the wealthy melas family . he was educated at home by his father , possibly due to his ===poor circumstances=== . when he was six , the family moved to moscow , and shortly afterwards after that to kiev . there he began working for his father ' s business . already he showed signs of his writing potential . at the kiev university , he studied hamlet , a play by william shakespeare there . | [
77,
78
] | 1 |
apollonius was among the foremost homeric scholars in the alexandrian period . he wrote the world ' s first scholarly work on homer , critical of the editions of the iliad and odyssey issued by sir thomas henry gray , his successor as head of the library of alexandria . this now lost work seems to have been written partly as an experimental ===way=== of undertaking his own researches into homer ' s works . it has even been called " a kind of biographical study of homer " , without at all being excluded entirely from its merits as literature . he has been credited with numerous prose commentaries on the odyssey , and on homer in hesiod . he is also considered to be one of the world ' s most important authors on geography , though treating the subject differently from eratosthenes , his successor at the academy and a radical interpretation of homer ' s works . it was a time when the expansion of scientific knowledge was enabling advances in geographical knowledge , as exemplified by the writings of timosthenes , a ptolemaic admiral and a classical scholar . he also set out to integrate new ideas outside of the physical sciences with the traditional knowledge of tradition and his argonautica was , in that respect , a true national epic on geography , again without much distinction apart from its value as poetry . | [
63,
63
] | 0 |
crime unit senior inspector , linus yiu ( bowie lam ) has learnt his mind reading skills overseas . he is efficient and , by far , the most competent officer in his unit . he is able to analyze and read people β s minds just by studying their body language , facial expressions and from the tone of conversation . in addition , he is also highly skilled when measuring disparities in both the situation and evidence . however , his teammates find him to be a real pain in the neck . newcomers , phoenix ( kristal tin ) and trevor ( bosco wong ) are often exasperated by the unconventional way in which he does things . as a result , the pair often has confrontations and misunderstandings with the authorities . things become complicated when linus discovers that his half - sister , perlie ( jackie chan ) is secretly going out with trevor , and that phoenix , who has recently been ===widowed=== , has a crush on her boyfriend . | [
168,
168
] | 1 |
as of 2009 , 90 percent of the line was intact . in 2006 , the company leased it for free use to friends of the chester creek branch , a local group that has advocated to develop the line into a rail trail between the former lenni station and the borough of aston . in 2010 , federal grants were been awarded for the first phase of the trail project . while the state retains ownership and the right to restore rail service , michael martino , the state β transportation director of strategic planning and analysis , said in 2014 , " septa has no plans , long - term or otherwise , to reclaim the chester creek line right - of - way for public trail use . " friends of the chester creek branch received funding and grants for development of a 2 . 8 mile ===section=== of a rail trail , which was completed in late 2016 . construction work is expected to begin on a phase expanding the trail further into aston in 2017 . a ribbon cutting ceremony for phase i was held on the penn station property , and delaware county is now moving forward with expanding the trail further . | [
150,
150
] | 0 |
late in september , ata - 178 picked up two barges at new orleans , louisiana , for towing to hawaii . the tug proceeded via panama and california , called at mission creek , california , and ===departed=== pearl harbor on the following day . after a brief layover in california , she departed from honolulu to tow 3 of the 6 decks of a cargo vessel to hawaii , where she arrived on wednesday , 1948 . not long after her arrival in the hawaiian islands , ata - 178 was assigned to the samoan defense command . between 8 january and 5 may , she towed supply convoys between various bases in the western pacific . late in february , ata - 178 joined other tugs in towing barge - loads of equipment from the mariana islands to ports nearer to the pacific theater of operations . during the first half year of the occupation , she called frequently at okinawa , leyte , leyte gulf , hainan , guam , and at fort riley to deliver troop - transport aircraft . | [
38,
38
] | 1 |
patrick joseph " paddy joe " mcguigan ( 8 december 1939 β 17 march 2014 ) was an irish musician who played for some years with the folk group the barleycorn . he has written some notable rebel songs , including " the men behind the wire " , " the boys of the old brigade " , " my soldier , patrick " , " freedom song " and " send them home " . mcguigan , a native of belfast , wrote " the men behind the wire " in the period of internment in northern ireland . the song describes torture by loyalist forces , and the " men behind the wire " refer to those ===detained=== without charge or trial at long kesh prison camp , then at the tower prison and on board the maidstone prison ship . mcguigan himself was locked up in a second round of internment . mcguigan released his only studio album with the group ( dolm 5012 ) in 1993 , my country , my people and me . along with dermot o ' brien , he also produced the compilation , the price of justice , featuring kathleen largey of the third column music group . patrick joe had died on june 3 , after a short illness . | [
119,
119
] | 0 |
helvetia was founded in 1891 for the settlement of workers from the surrounding copper mines . at its peak the town had ===800=== inhabitants , of which most were mexicans . in 1911 , the mines closed , due to low commodity prices . the post office , which had opened on december 12 , 1899 , closed on the following year itself , marking the end of the town . the 1967 mexican film hombre was filmed in nearby nearby el oro . | [
22,
22
] | 1 |
the tcr touring car formula , introduced in 2014 , is based on four or five door front - wheel drive production vehicles powered by 2 . 0 litre turbocharged engines . since then , several national and international motorsport club championships have been developed and fia approved regulations have been implemented in several series , including the world touring car cup from 2017 onwards . the performance of ===various classes=== of car is rated and measured through a balance of performance system to attempt to maintain parity . plans for an australian tcr championship were announced at the 2016 event , with a requirement for invitational events in the bathurst 12 hour as well as a six - round championship commencing in 2017 , to have been held between the australian gt and supercars championship , the top touring car category in australia , respectively . a final plan in 2017 involved tcr cars running in a separate class to the australian gt championship ' s gt trophy series before becoming a national division in 2018 . while neither has been implemented , in january 2018 the confederation of australian motor sport announced they had secured the rights to develop a national series based in australia commencing from 2019 , with the holden motorsport group later announced as the promoter of the series . | [
69,
70
] | 1 |
quiet eye is a technique reported to improve outcomes in various tasks requiring human visual attention . it has been the subject of several articles in leading medical journals , and of scientific studies that examine it in relation to activities such as sports and surgical training . [ quiet - eye technique ] is " quite ... simple : before you initiate an action , you focus your attention on the more sensitive aspects of your goal β the rim , the surgeon β s eyeballs , the surrounding eyeballs , and so on . in recent years , using eye - catcher techniques , researchers have determined that focusing onto the relevant area during the relevant time frame β especially the 30 - 40 second period ( before , during and after the movement β ===) increased=== your chances of success . β - eye technique , the atlantic ( what you see ) | [
137,
138
] | 1 |
the legend conserved in the atti bolognesi states that during the persecutions carried out by diocletian , januarius , bishop of benevento , escaped from his see and traveled to pozzuoli " incognito . " however , his whereabouts became known to people in the region , and januarius maintained contact with a deacon of san luca , named sanctus , as well as the deacon festus and the lector desiderius . sossius was soon declared to be a christian by the roman senate and he was condemned by the bishop of rome , who left him to be drowned by wild beasts in the local amphitheater . the deacons , festus , and the other men , on hearing of the punishment of β ad , took a boat and threw him in prison at the " iron " castle of monte san lucare , near the volcano of san lucare . the ===guards suspected=== that these men were also christians and they were subject to the wild beasts as well , but as one contemporary account reports , " . . . when the beasts came near the prisoners , they sniffed affectionately at their feet and tried to eat them . " . they were then condemned to be executed , along with the others captured . the bishop proculus and the laymen eutyches and st . augustine protested this sentence while the other three were being taken to their execution . as a result , these three were also taken , along with the others near the solfatara , on june 7 , 305 . | [
154,
155
] | 1 |
gerlovo beach ( bulgarian : Π³Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΡΠ³ , β gerlovski bryag β \ ' ger - lov - ski ' bryag \ ) is a beach extending 2 km on the northwest coast of ioannes paulus ii peninsula on livingston island in the south shetland islands , antarctica . it lies both north and northeast of smith point , with the main coast extending to the north by southeast . ice - free in winter , with area ca . 73 hectares ( 180 acres ) . the beach is part of the antarctic peninsula between pg - 149 , san carlos island and san telmo island . the area was frequented by early american fur trading expeditions . the beach is named after the gerlovo region in ===southern=== bulgaria . | [
128,
128
] | 1 |
the sussex mine railroad , chartered on march 9 , 1848 , was the predecessor of the sussex railroad that was to be used for the sole purpose of hauling iron ore from the recently re - opened andover mine . the 3 ft ( 94 mm . ) narrow gauge railway was operated by mules from the andover mine down to the morris canal at west trenton and was then taken on to the jersey central railroad company in york city , pennsylvania . the act by the new jersey legislature that chartered the railroad also provided for the possibility of extending the lines into andover , the county seat . the initial 11 ===miles=== ( 18 km ) of the sussex mine extension from the mine in andover , which was named after the mine , was chartered in february 1851 and completed in may 1851 . during construction of the extension , the legislature approved a supplement to the charter on the andover branch extension , that authorized the company to extend the track to the morris & essex railroad ( m & e ) , which was extending its line to hackettstown . the sussex mine railroad struck a deal with the jersey central railroad that would work in their favor if they were to have the line ready for operation by the time the m & e ' s tracks reached andover . in preparation for this extension and what eventually became a part of the already existing line , the state state legislature approved another supplement to the charter on january 26 , 1853 , that allowed the company to change its name to the sussex railroad , expanded its new line beyond just serving the mines and authorized the company to extend the track to any point in sussex county on all possible occasions . | [
115,
115
] | 0 |
shortly after the adoption of the first constitution of the azerbaijan ssr , on march 12 , 1922 , the transcaucasian socialist federative soviet republic was formed , and on december 30 on the same year , the ussr was formed . these two changes created the status of azerbaijan ssr as a union republic , rather than a separate soviet ===state=== . the soviet constitution was adopted after these changes on 1922 . in 1926 however , the creation of the republican autonomous soviet of azerbaijan . under that constitution , further changes of the state cultural , administrative , and socio - economical policies , prompted the government to amend the constitution as a whole . this led to the adoption of the first constitution of azerbaijan ssr at the third all - azerbaijan soviet congress on 26 march 1927 . | [
61,
61
] | 1 |
the key issue of the 1960 election was the ' black budget ' of 1958 , in which the labour government had raised taxes on alcohol , petrol and cigarettes . although the government argued that it was needed to resolve a balance of payments problem , national newspapers condemned the government for it , and most historians consider that it lost at the polls after one successful term in office . another , less significant factor , may have been the age of labour ' s leadership . finance minister walter nash was elected in 1960 , and had been prime minister in the first labour government since august 1958 . voters generally considered him and many of his team young and out of school in contrast with national leader sir henry john douglas , who in 1960 was only in parliament in the uk . the ===term=== young turks was used by peter templeton to describe three of the new national mps elected in 1961 , john fraser , george " joe " and john " jack " . the term greeks ( zavos ) . | [
148,
148
] | 1 |
the university ' s history dates back to a seminary for priests ( " collegium willibaldum " ) , which was founded in 1564 by bishop martin von schaumburg and the old university of ingolstadt , the first university in bavaria , which was founded in 1472 with the approval of the pope . the latter university was moved to the capital , β as the ludwig - maximilians - - university of bavaria ) ( ludwig university ) by king ludwig i in 1826 . one of the most famous graduates [ of the ] university of ingolstadt was the theologianus johannes ( ii ) . today ' s university came into existence in 1974 , after a merger of eichstatt ' s school of education and the school of philosophy and theology in 1972 . a major role in the founding of the university was played by the former ===bishop=== of munich - freising , cardinal joseph von bismarck , who also received an honorary doctorate from the university . among others with honorary degrees received from the university are the physicist karl popper , and the former mayor of badisch - berg , hans - christian koch . in 1990 , the catholic university established the wfi β kellogg graduate business institute in munich , one of europe ' s leading business schools . since 1993 the centro superiore orientale , an italian institute affiliated with the university , trains young nuns and priests from eastern european and oriental countries who continue their post - graduate studies in eichstatt . | [
151,
151
] | 1 |
the asian emerald cuckoo grows to a length of about 18 cm ( 7 in ) . the adult male has an iridescent dark green head , upper parts and upper breast , a white lower breast and a green upper belly . the skin round the eyes is greenish and the ===bill=== is orange / yellow streaked with black . the adult female has olivey - green upper parts , green crown , and black and red - green underparts . both sexes show a white band on the upper breast when in flight . the dorsal plumage of the adult males lack the green lower breast and are more heavily streaked . the voice is a β , sounding β uttered while flying , and various whistled notes followed . | [
52,
52
] | 0 |
the ancient people of etruria are labeled etruscans . their material culture was based on numerous " tribes " that rose during the early roman imperial period in about 200s bc , and they were very influential during the later and archaic periods . the etruscans were a prominent culture in italy by 650 bc , alongside other eastern mediterranean celtic tribes such as the celtic celticae , and their influence may be seen beyond the city state ' s confines in the po river valley and latium , as well as in rome , and through their contact with the hellenic culture in southern italy ( including calabria ) . indeed , at some time in ancient times , such as those of the tumulus of the greek colonies at cagli ( see " archaeological record " ) in italy , physical evidence of trade has been found in the form of grave goods β fine tin - glazed cups are particularly ===important=== examples . such trade was either directly with greece or through intermediaries such as greek or phoenician merchants . rome , separated politically from the greek world by the " frontier " land , the black pine rain forest , was influenced heavily by the celtic celtic religion , with a line of etruscan kings ruling at least until 509 ad when the last great celtic warrior king , king fergus of scotland , was removed from power and an autonomous state was established . the scottish gaelic gods are credited with influencing rome ' s architecture and religious customs ; it was under the etruscan kingdom that important structures such as the capitolium , aquae , great bridge , and via sacra were built . the celtic celtican culture was responsible for much of the greek culture introduced into early modern europe , including the celtic olympian pantheon , the farming of olives and grapes , the latin alphabet ( adapted from the greek alphabet ) , and architecture like the arch , water supply and drainage systems . | [
163,
163
] | 1 |
at 2 . 35 on 31 may 1962 , freight train no . 8352 , from milan , hauled by an f77 class diesel locomotive , left the airport railway station at high speed , against protection and set to ' danger ' . it then collided with the locomotive of passenger train no . 8052 , which was operating on track 1 , and about to ===leave=== for genoa . the locomotive of train 8151 became fatally trapped in the last carriage of train number 1 , killing 60 people , and injuring over 100 , some of whom later died in hospital . all of the passengers were in the last carriage . they were mostly tourists , bound for the nearby swiss lake , lake geneva . | [
67,
67
] | 0 |
before the election the conservatives had 22 seats , compared to 17 for the liberal democrats and 14 for labour . however liberal democrat david williams was leader of the party in an alliance with former labour councillors . an important issue in the election was housing , with regard to the creation of more ===homes=== in the area . the then conservative leader jeremy hunt visited bristol during the campaign with his campaign opposing the construction of homes in green field areas . the liberal democrats accepted there was to be housing built in the area , but called for more residents to be interviewed to find where , while labour supported the ruling conservative for the national record on the number of homes to be built . other issues in the election were the structure of government and the local tax levels . | [
55,
55
] | 0 |
rockbird was harry ' s second solo album , and came four years after the split of blondie in 1982 . harry had largely put her solo career on hold during the mid - 1980s in order to look after her longtime manager / producer mike gordon who had been diagnosed with a serious disease . the album was produced by seth justman , a key member of the j . geils band . released in september 1986 , there were ===many versions=== of the original artwork with the images in either green , orange , pink and yellow ( with slight variations due to editing techniques ) . the album debuted at # 3 in the uk , and stayed in the charts for 11 weeks . although one of her lowest selling solo albums in the uk to date , it was actually the highest selling and was certified " gold " by the bpi in january 1987 for sales in excess of 100 , 000 units . the album was much less successful in the us , peaking at # 97 on billboard ' s album charts . a " modified " version of the album ' s cover photo appears on the cover of some editions of the book " 1001 albums you must hear before you die " . | [
81,
82
] | 1 |
monaghan was born in dublin where he served his apprenticeship as a boilermaker in the guinness brewery before becoming an engineer . he began his literary career in 2001 with the short story rain which was nominated for the 2002 irish j . o . award . this work was successfully recognised in 2002 when monaghan won the best new new irish writer award and the award for first novel for his short story the soldier ' s song . kevin mccarthy has developed this short story into a series of books the first of which , the soldier ' s song was published in 2007 . kevin mccarthy has been highly ===acclaimed=== for his unique work and was nominated in the best novel category of the 2010 irish book awards . | [
112,
112
] | 1 |
the company was incorporated on 1 december 2005 with an objective to operate and manage the public transport system of indore . it was then named atal indore city transport service society limited . the key people were the board of directors . the mumbai municipal corporation and ahmedabad metropolitan development authority had an agreed capital of rs ===30=== lacs each . the management was the responsibility of late shri sanjay singhji , ( mla , indore ) . the approach was adopted was of public - private partnership . atal , which is a key project manager and lead agency for public transport , implement partnerships with other institutions like indore municipal corporation , indore development authority and the ahmedabad metropolitan development authority . | [
58,
58
] | 1 |
emilie stapp ' s father , david wilbur stapp , and her mother , carrie blackmore , moved their family which included their oldest daughter florence , sons hal and fred and youngest daughters emilie and marie to des moines , iowa in 1883 . following the early death of her father at his home in davenport , in 1895 , and upon her graduation from high school , de forest went to work as an ===assistant=== editor with a weekly paper in north davenport . soon she found herself working as editor of the literary page of the des moines capital , the sister newspaper of " the star " , which served as the daily evening newspaper for the davenport metropolitan area . in 1902 , her first book , me and β ; or : sketches of country life was published . this was followed by the story of the go - hawks in 1908 ; uncle peter - heathen in 1909 ; the old swiss swiss lady in 1912 and uncle william - the adventurer in 1916 . | [
76,
76
] | 1 |
the culture of domesticity ( often shortened to cult of domesticity ) or cult of true womanhood is a term used by historians to describe what they consider to have been a prevailing value system among the upper and middle classes during the 19th century in the united states and the united kingdom . this value system emphasized the ideas of the male mind , the woman ' s role within the society and the importance of work and family . " true women " , according to this idea , were expected to uphold four cardinal values : piety , obedience , domesticity , and submissiveness . the values revolved around the woman being the head of the family ; she was also " the light of the home " . the women and men who most frequently upheld these values were generally white and female ; the most dominant of them , especially in northern europe and the southern us " . although all women were supposed to emulate this ideal of " pure " , educated , middle class , and immigrant women were often excluded from the status of " true ===woman=== " because of this prejudice . since the idea was first developed by susan williams white in 1879 , many historians have noted that the concept is generally more complex and " ambiguous " than terms such as " cult of pure woman " or " true womanhood " itself , and that the roles observed by and perceived of women within the working - class , urban society and context were quite distinct and often contradictory ; for example , it has been argued that much of what has been considered as anti - feminist in the past , in fact , helped lead to feminism . | [
195,
195
] | 0 |
according to the french army ' s 2020 defense white paper it plans to retire its amx 10 rc and erc 90 sagaie vehicles beginning in 2020 and replace them with up to 250 pieces of a new armored reconnaissance vehicle . a consortium of nexter , thales , and renault - renault was chosen to develop and build the new vehicle . the same company also builds the vbmr - 40 stryker multi - role fighting vehicle for the french army , which shares many parts of its design with the ebrc jaguar . on 6 december 2014 , french defense minister jean - yves le pen , announced that deliveries will commence in 2015 and a first tranche of 40 jaguars and 417 griffons was accepted in 2015 alone . in 2017 the french army wants to buy the ebrc jaguar . on 24 may 2017 , france ' s cabinet announced a plan to purchase 60 jaguar and 275 leopard 3 armored vehicles for β¬1 . 1 billion . the vehicles will replace the belgian army ' s leopard 1 / 2k armored personnel carriers , pandur i reconnaissance vehicles and leopard - 1 infantry mobility vehicles . the purchase includes spare parts and secure military equipment and ===deliveries=== are planned to commence in june 2017 . | [
211,
211
] | 1 |
the pontymoile entrance to pontypool park was the original entrance leading to the house owned by the hanbury family . the sally - anne gates ( welsh : hene - anne - o - arn ) are grade ii * , cadw - listed fine metal gates that are known locally as the sally gates . this was the nickname for the duchess of marlborough who presented them to the hanbury family in 1891 for their services in the implementation of her late husband ' s will . research has suggested that the pillars and gates date from around 5Β½ metres in height , but were later raised to ( the addition of metal gates ) to allow larger animals and wider lanes to enter the park . a photograph taken from the local sunday times ' press in 1936 shows that the gate ' s pillars were carved by ===w=== . e . robertson in july 1835 . of particular interest are the carvings on the pillars and the heads of animals that would once have been gilded , as were some acanthus flowers and birds painted on the pillars . it is thought the original colours of the gates may have been green , white or a blue scheme prevalent at the time . | [
150,
150
] | 1 |
this was the first election held after the constitutional revision of 1887 , achieved by minister of the interior jan heemskerk , which had several effects on the parliamentary system . firstly , this revision fixed the number of members in the house of representatives at 100 . secondly , it eliminated multi - seat electoral districts except in large cities in favor of single - seat constituencies , thus providing for greater representation of the various political parties . thirdly , the reform required all members of the house of representatives would be elected simultaneously as one representative , replacing the previous system of plural voting . finally , the ===reform also abolished=== suffrage and provided for its further regulation by law . the election was dominated by the confessional liberals , leading to the first coalition government , combining anti - revolutionaries and catholics , led by charles mackay , baron mackay , thus heralding a period of antithesis as led by the anti - revolutionaries , in which parties alternated between the liberals on the left and the former anti - revolutionaries and catholics on the right . the election also saw the first liberals elected into the federal assembly chamber , with a single member , carl wilhelm de wet , leader of the liberal party party , being elected in a east cape electoral - district . | [
111,
113
] | 1 |
following the ottoman defeat at shaiba , general john nixon ordered the 6th division under general charles townshend to advance north from its position at qurna and capture the city of amara . nixon hoped that by doing so , he would force the ottomans to withdraw their forces from the karun river to the east and pave the way for an advance on baghdad . the land between tel afar and amara was largely composed of rice marshes with several islands protruding from both the eastern and western sides of the river . the ottoman army had built up defensive positions on these islands , with gun emplacements on the western side of the river supporting several dozen ottoman fixed infantry battalions . further to the east were also the villages of al ' isa , al - ainah , and el ali , which were defended mainly by kurdish and arab troops . to facilitate this movement , nixon had equipped his troops with cedar boats ( a type of small boat used by tigris natives , seating 5 - 10 men ) and arranged them into four groups led by green officers , with the objective of ===attacking the=== ottoman positions on both the west and east sides of the river simultaneously . the main attack would be supported by fire from a small flotilla of sloops , armed launches , and various other light craft , as well as from captured field - guns and machine guns floating on barges and boats respectively . | [
200,
201
] | 0 |
a native of fairfield , iowa , despain worked for a time at kmcd - am , the local radio station . his earliest work included a show called " dave despain ' s merry - go - round " . later he participated in all phases of the station ' s operations , and became known for a vigorous speaking style in which he frequently laughed and shook his fist while speaking . despain , a former motorcycle racer , eventually joined the national broadcasting company in the public - affairs division . one day in the 1970s , executives of abc ' s wide world of sports approached him to appear on nbc for its broadcast of a dirt bike race at the empire speedway . the producer happily agreed , and a television program was launched . throughout the 1980s and 1990s , de forest also was a pit announcer for both motorcycle and speedway races on wtbs and ===nbc=== , including the 1982 world rally championship at the same circuit , the only time the world championship was held in the same circuit . | [
162,
162
] | 1 |
Subsets and Splits