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2 | 1 | hash function | turn the key that is provided into the index in the array where we want to put the data | a formula that provides a home position in the hash table for data |
1 | 0 | hash function | performs two separate functions 1) key generation 2) constrain the key to a positive value less than the size of the table | (...) is a function that takes a group of characters (called a key) and maps it to a value of a certain length. |
2 | 1 | hash function | a function that takes in the key to compute a specific hash index. | a formula that provides a home position in the hash table for data |
0 | 0 | hard problem | philosophical question as to why and how brain activity becomes conscious | given this universe composed of matter and energy, why is there such a thing as consciousness. |
3 | 1 | necessary condition | something is required to get a certain outcome | when one thing must happen or be the case for something else to happen or be. |
3 | 1 | necessary condition | when one thing must happen or be the case for something else to happen or be. | a condition that must hold in order for something else to obtain |
2 | 1 | necessary condition | something is required to get a certain outcome | a condition that must hold in order for something else to obtain |
2 | 1 | necessary condition | b is a necessary condition for a whenever a cannot occur without the occurrence of b | when a cannot occur without the occurrence of b, b is this |
2 | 1 | necessary condition | a condition without which another event cannot occur. it is like a prerequisite or requirement. | a condition that is required to be done, achieved, or present; needed; essential. the &"y&" within an if-then assertion. |
3 | 1 | necessary condition | -condition that must be present in order for an event to occur -the condition represented by the consequent in a conditional statement | an event or circumstance whose occurrence is required in order for a sufficient condition to occur |
2 | 1 | code reuse | the benefit of using modules because you are writing code to a perform a task once and then reusing it each time you need to perform the task. | write a module once and use it in other places if wanted |
2 | 1 | code reuse | a benefit of using modules that helps to reduce the duplication of code within a program | code reuse involves writing code once, then using it over and over without having to make changes. functions are an important tool for code reuse. |
2 | 1 | code reuse | code that can be used for some future use, project, etc. typically better to write clean code that can be minimally modified/refactored in the future. | reusing someone else's code, which saves development time and money and adds security. however, attacks can exploit reused code. |
2 | 1 | code reuse | a benefit of using modules that helps to reduce the duplication of code within a program | write a module once and use it in other places if wanted |
1 | 0 | code reuse | reusing someone else's code, which saves development time and money and adds security. however, attacks can exploit reused code. | snippets of code that were previously used get put into new code to do same function speeds up process but may enter bring errors into new code |
1 | 0 | code reuse | code that can be used for some future use, project, etc. typically better to write clean code that can be minimally modified/refactored in the future. | snippets of code that were previously used get put into new code to do same function speeds up process but may enter bring errors into new code |
3 | 1 | code reuse | code reuse involves writing code once, then using it over and over without having to make changes. functions are an important tool for code reuse. | write a module once and use it in other places if wanted |
2 | 1 | mobile systems | are information systems that support users in motion. mobile system users can access the system from any place using any smart device. | information systems that support users in motion, access from any place. |
0 | 0 | mobile systems | - no support for swapping - flash memory instead of large hard disk - avoid swapping due to space constraint, due to limited number of writes to flash memory | system that typically does not support swapping |
0 | 0 | multiprocessor systems | systems which have two or more processors, each with a single-core cpu | systems with 2 or more processors in close communication sharing the computer bus, clock, memory, and peripherals |
0 | 0 | virtual organizations | organizations in which the product, the process, and the delivery agent are all digital | networks of independent companies, suppliers, customers, and manufacturers connected via information technologies so they can share skills and costs and have access to each other's markets |
0 | 0 | virtual organizations | internet-linked networks of value-adding subcontractors | organizations in which the product, the process, and the delivery agent are all digital; also called pureplay organizations |
0 | 0 | virtual organizations | organizations in which the product, the process, and the delivery agent are all digital | organizations that consist of diverse people, groups, and networks that are geographically dispersed and that rely on information and communication technologies for communication and coordination of activities. |
0 | 0 | virtual organizations | internet-linked networks of value-adding subcontractors | networks of independent companies, suppliers, customers, and manufacturers connected via information technologies so they can share skills and costs and have access to each other's markets |
1 | 0 | feature selection | within any supervised learning algorithm. make a decision to ignore all or some features. | an extraction method that selects bands that best assist in discriminating classes that reduces redundant spectral info |
0 | 0 | feature selection | select minimal set of features where probability distribution of the predicted class is close to the one obtained by all the features | attentionally selecting things based on physical property (color, shape, size) & feature selected for pops out in visual field |
2 | 1 | feature selection | selecting the most useful features to train on among existing features | feature selection is selecting the best features from given features by eliminating redundant features. |
2 | 1 | feature selection | selecting the best feature by eliminating irrelevant/ redundant features. | selecting the most useful features to train on among existing features |
3 | 1 | feature selection | selecting the best feature by eliminating irrelevant/ redundant features. | feature selection is selecting the best features from given features by eliminating redundant features. |
0 | 0 | feature selection | -one of the initial stages of data mining - the selection of attribute in your data that are most relevant to the predictive modeling program | 1. make sure variables are reasonable/relevant 2. get familiar with the data through graphs and summaries 3. correlation analysis |
1 | 0 | feature selection | within any supervised learning algorithm. make a decision to ignore all or some features. | how we pick out good, useful features from the very large, perhaps infinite, collection of possible features. |
1 | 0 | digital images | -these kinds of images are a large collection of individual pixels organized in a matrix of rows and column | made of pixels more pixels gives higher resolution and better quality high resolution requires a larger memory storage image files are bitmaps or vectors |
1 | 0 | base station | -acts like a hub; other stations send network traffic to it, which it broadcasts out for all stations to receive -wap (wireless access point) | - responsible for sending and receiving data to/from host - each host associated with one (within coverage of it, relays data to larger network through it) |
1 | 0 | base station | typically connected to wired network ex. cell towers, 802.11 access points | a network's centrally located wireless access point that interprets incoming radio frequencies and routes communications to the appropriate devices. |
1 | 0 | base station | a fixed transceiver and antenna used to create one cell within a cellular network. | serves each cell in allocating a band of frequencies consisting of transmitter, receiver, and control unit. |
0 | 0 | base station | fixed two way radio | any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed place. |
1 | 0 | base station | a network's centrally located wireless access point that interprets incoming radio frequencies and routes communications to the appropriate devices. | - responsible for sending and receiving data to/from host - each host associated with one (within coverage of it, relays data to larger network through it) |
1 | 0 | base station | any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed place. | fixed two way radio located in base defense operation centers (bdoc) |
0 | 0 | base station | typically connected to wired network ex. cell towers, 802.11 access points | -acts like a hub; other stations send network traffic to it, which it broadcasts out for all stations to receive -wap (wireless access point) |
2 | 1 | integrity constraints | model domain environment model based constraints - domain - null - key - referential integrity semantic constraints -managed by the application | domain constraint key constraint |
0 | 0 | integrity constraints | rules limiting acceptable values and actions whose purpose is to facilitate maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the database | rules limiting acceptable values of data and actions that can be performed on a database |
3 | 1 | integrity constraints | -primary key values must be unique -primary key values cannot be null -foreign key values must exist in the primary key of the referenced relations. | primary key values must be unique and cannot be null, foreign key values must exist in primary key of referenced relations (referential integrity) and may be null |
2 | 1 | integrity constraints | rules to ensure quality of info | rules that help ensure the quality of the information in a relational database |
3 | 1 | integrity constraints | -rules limiting acceptable values of data and actions that can be performed on a database -purpose is to maintain the accuracy and integrity of data in a database | rules limiting acceptable values and actions whose purpose is to facilitate maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the database |
2 | 1 | integrity constraints | business rules that we allow our information system to enforce for us | business rules that we allow our information system to enforce. lets us maintain the integrity of our data |
2 | 1 | integrity constraints | constraints that provide a way of ensuring that changes made to the database by authorized users do not result in a loss of data consistency | rules limiting acceptable values and actions whose purpose is to facilitate maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the database |
2 | 1 | integrity constraints | constraints that provide a way of ensuring that changes made to the database by authorized users do not result in a loss of data consistency | rules limiting acceptable values of data and actions that can be performed on a database |
3 | 1 | integrity constraints | conditions that must hold on all valid relation instances | conditions that the records in a relation must satisfy |
1 | 0 | conceptual models | sets of concept that address phenomena | represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories, deal with abstractions, assembled in a coherent scheme |
1 | 0 | conceptual models | sets of concept that address phenomena | represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories deal with abstractions, assembled in a coherent scheme ex: pender's health promotion model |
0 | 0 | conceptual models | a high level description of how a system works and is organised. | mental models of rhings formed through experience, training, instruction |
1 | 0 | conceptual models | provide a schematic representation of some relationships among phenomena | use symbols or diagrams to represent an idea |
1 | 0 | conceptual models | -consist of interrelated concepts -represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories -can generate hypotheses based on middle-range theories | represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories deal with abstractions, assembled in a coherent scheme examples include pender's health promotion model and theory of planned behavior |
2 | 1 | conceptual models | use symbols or diagrams to represent an idea | is a set of interrelated concepts that symbolically represents mental image or phenomena |
1 | 0 | conceptual models | provide a schematic representation of some relationships among phenomena | is a set of interrelated concepts that symbolically represents mental image or phenomena |
0 | 0 | conceptual models | a verbal or graphical explanation of how a system works or is organized design model --> system image -- user's model | designer's model may not match user's model users get model from experience & usage, only work with system image |
1 | 0 | conceptual models | -set of abstract general concepts assembled to address a phenomena -represent a less formal attempt than theories to explain phenomena -do not have formal propositions about relationships among phenomena | -consist of interrelated concepts -represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories -can generate hypotheses based on middle-range theories |
3 | 1 | conceptual models | represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories, deal with abstractions, assembled in a coherent scheme | -consist of interrelated concepts -represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories -can generate hypotheses based on middle-range theories |
1 | 0 | conceptual models | sets of concept that address phenomena | -consist of interrelated concepts -represent a less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories -can generate hypotheses based on middle-range theories |
0 | 0 | conceptual models | - integrates all external views, comprehensive, global; logical design, sw and hw independent - even more comprehensive than external - type of logical model | focus on logical nature of data (er models) |
1 | 0 | social context | relationship of speaker and listener or the audience and the expectations involved in that relation; relation to physical context | relationship between participants |
1 | 0 | social context | relationship between participants | relationship of speaker and listener or the audience and the expectations involved in that relationship |
3 | 1 | social context | relationship of speaker and listener or the audience and the expectations involved in that relation; relation to physical context | relationship of speaker and listener or the audience and the expectations involved in that relationship |
0 | 0 | social context | facilitates or hinders learning | may facilitate cognitive functioning by structuring and mediating the learning environment |
2 | 1 | product line | the sum of related individual product items | a group of closely related product items viewed as a unit because of marketing, technical, or end-use considerations |
0 | 0 | product line | a group of closely-related product items ( beware of cannibalization ) | a group of closely related product items viewed as a unit because of marketing, technical, or end-use considerations |
2 | 1 | product line | a group of closely-related product items ( beware of cannibalization ) | the sum of related individual product items |
0 | 0 | product line | a group of product that are closely related because they function in a similar manner and are sold to the same customer group (line of vans shoes). | a group of products linked through usage, customer profile, price points, and distribution channels or needs satisfaction |
1 | 0 | java virtual machine | a program that interprets java bytecode and converts it to native machine code for the processor | jvm - program needed to run java byte code - comes with mac - acts like a computer |
1 | 0 | java virtual machine | the term in which it has an acronym of javavm | it interprets bytecode for program execution |
2 | 1 | virtual world | a world that exists in cyberspace where people can establish avatars, purchase land, and interact with others. | is an online world where you can meet and interact with other people or computer players. |
2 | 1 | virtual world | a virtual world is a computer-based online community environment that is designed and shared by individuals so that they can interact in a custom-built, simulated world | a computer generated environment |
1 | 0 | virtual world | &"computer based simulated environment&" and it is widely used by nowadays. it's a technique in which virtual 3d environment is generated which looks very much real to the users. | a simulated environment designed for users to interact via avatars p. 313 |
0 | 0 | virtual world | a world that exists in cyberspace where people can establish avatars, purchase land, and interact with others. | this is an unreal world which does not exist in the real world. |
1 | 0 | virtual world | &"computer based simulated environment&" and it is widely used by nowadays. it's a technique in which virtual 3d environment is generated which looks very much real to the users. | a computer generated environment |
1 | 0 | virtual world | a simulated environment designed for users to interact via avatars p. 313 | a computer generated environment |
2 | 1 | virtual world | this is an unreal world which does not exist in the real world. | is an online world where you can meet and interact with other people or computer players. |
0 | 0 | design principles | perception, memory, decision, design standards (like safety diagram standards) | broad ideas about the practice of design, as well as rules and hints about how to best use specific user interface and interaction design idioms. |
0 | 0 | design principles | quality designs have: - abstraction - modularity: couping and cohesion - information hiding - simplicity - hierarchy | abstraction, encapsulation, modularity, hierarchy |
0 | 0 | design principles | understanding the design elements of form, texture and color and the way they influence hairstyles allows designers to explore different arrangement patterns that can be created with them. | the rules that describe how designers might put together various design elements to create an aesthetic finished product. balance/symmetry, rhythm/pattern, movement, harmony, contrast, emphasis, proportion/scale, and unity. |
1 | 0 | design principles | the way of using design elements together | broad ideas about the practice of design, as well as rules and hints about how to best use specific user interface and interaction design idioms. |
2 | 1 | design principles | scale, proportion, ballance, movement, rhythm, emphasis, unity with variety | are balance/symmetry, rhythm/pattern, movement, harmony, contrast, emphasis, proportion/scale, and unity. |
1 | 0 | design principles | -program to an interface and not to implementation -encapsulate variation; open to extension, close to modification -favor object composition over inheritance -delegate responsibilities | 1. program to an interface, not an implementation 2. identify the aspects of the application that vary |
0 | 0 | design principles | the way of using design elements together | evaluate the existing design, collect data, and guide the design process |
2 | 1 | design principles | balance, proportion, dominance, rhythm, contrast, harmony, variety, unity | are balance/symmetry, rhythm/pattern, movement, harmony, contrast, emphasis, proportion/scale, and unity. |
0 | 0 | design principles | 1) unity and variety 2) balance 3) emphasis and subordination 4) directional forces 5) contrast 6) repetition and rhythm 7) scale and proportion | are balance/symmetry, rhythm/pattern, movement, harmony, contrast, emphasis, proportion/scale, and unity. |
1 | 0 | design principles | evaluate the existing design, collect data, and guide the design process | broad ideas about the practice of design, as well as rules and hints about how to best use specific user interface and interaction design idioms. |
1 | 0 | design principles | understanding the design elements of form, texture and color and the way they influence hairstyles allows designers to explore different arrangement patterns that can be created with them. | the rules that describe how designers might put together various design elements to create an aesthetic finished product. |
0 | 0 | design principles | balance, proportion, dominance, rhythm, contrast, harmony, variety, unity | 1) unity and variety 2) balance 3) emphasis and subordination 4) directional forces 5) contrast 6) repetition and rhythm 7) scale and proportion |
1 | 0 | design principles | evaluate the existing design, collect data, and guide the design process | perception, memory, decision, design standards (like safety diagram standards) |
3 | 1 | design principles | generalizable abstractions intended to orient designers toward thinking about different aspects of design | generalizable abstractions for thinking about different aspects of design |
1 | 0 | design principles | 1) unity and variety 2) balance 3) emphasis and subordination 4) directional forces 5) contrast 6) repetition and rhythm 7) scale and proportion | scale, proportion, ballance, movement, rhythm, emphasis, unity with variety |
1 | 0 | design principles | balance: formal balance, informal balance movement proportion white space (isolation) contrast clarity and simplicity unity continuity | consistency center of interest balance harmony/ unity contrast rhythm directional movement perspective variety |
1 | 0 | design principles | the way of using design elements together | -design to fit all ----design for adjustability ----provide different sizes -design for extremes ----inclusion ----exclusion -cost effective accommodation ----design for range 5th-95th ----increasingly common is 1st to 99th |
1 | 0 | design principles | -design to fit all ----design for adjustability ----provide different sizes -design for extremes ----inclusion ----exclusion -cost effective accommodation ----design for range 5th-95th ----increasingly common is 1st to 99th | broad ideas about the practice of design, as well as rules and hints about how to best use specific user interface and interaction design idioms. |
1 | 0 | design principles | -design to fit all ----design for adjustability ----provide different sizes -design for extremes ----inclusion ----exclusion -cost effective accommodation ----design for range 5th-95th ----increasingly common is 1st to 99th | evaluate the existing design, collect data, and guide the design process |
1 | 0 | design principles | balance: formal balance, informal balance movement proportion white space (isolation) contrast clarity and simplicity unity continuity | balance proportion rhythm emphasis unity |
0 | 0 | design principles | - proper structure of individual tables to manage data redundancy - consistency of information between tables to manager referential integrity. | -must become a business expert -poor relational database design -> system failure -proper design accurately reflects the organization's business rules. -relational database design is both an art and science. |
1 | 0 | design principles | -design to fit all ----design for adjustability ----provide different sizes -design for extremes ----inclusion ----exclusion -cost effective accommodation ----design for range 5th-95th ----increasingly common is 1st to 99th | perception, memory, decision, design standards (like safety diagram standards) |
0 | 0 | design principles | balance: formal balance, informal balance movement proportion white space (isolation) contrast clarity and simplicity unity continuity | are balance/symmetry, rhythm/pattern, movement, harmony, contrast, emphasis, proportion/scale, and unity. |
Subsets and Splits