Datasets:
siddharthtumre
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Revised-JNLPBA

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18101
[ "PRL", "and", "IL-2", "receptor", "activation", "are", "both", "linked", "to", "the", "Jak/Stat", "(", "signal", "transducer", "and", "activator", "of", "transcription", ")", "pathway", "." ]
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18102
[ "We", "investigated", "the", "ability", "of", "PRL", "and", "IL-2", "to", "activate", "Stat", "proteins", "in", "different", "T", "cell", "lines", "." ]
[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0 ]
18103
[ "The", "DNA", "binding", "specificities", ",", "the", "reactivities", "toward", "Stat-specific", "antisera", ",", "and", "the", "mol", "wt", "of", "IL-2", "-and", "PRL-induced", "DNA-binding", "proteins", "in", "Nb2", "and", "C196", "T", "cell", "lines", "were", "investigated", "." ]
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18104
[ "A", "comparison", "with", "the", "Stat", "proteins", "induced", "by", "interferon-gamma", ",", "PRL", ",", "and", "IL-6", "in", "T47D", "mammary", "tumor", "cells", "was", "made", "." ]
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18105
[ "We", "found", "that", "these", "parameters", "were", "indistinguishable", "for", "one", "of", "the", "PRL-", "and", "IL-2-induced", "factors", "." ]
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18106
[ "A", "transcription", "factor", "closely", "related", "to", "mammary", "gland", "factor-Stat5", "is", "rapidly", "activated", "upon", "interaction", "of", "IL-2", "and", "PRL", "with", "their", "respective", "receptors", "." ]
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18107
[ "Activation", "of", "a", "second", "protein", "related", "to", "Stat1", "was", "also", "observed", "." ]
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18108
[ "Our", "results", "emphasize", "the", "role", "of", "PRL", "as", "a", "regulator", "of", "the", "immune", "response", "and", "indicate", "that", "the", "Stat", "factors", "mammary", "gland", "factor-Stat5", "and", "Stat1", "play", "a", "role", "in", "the", "regulation", "of", "gene", "expression", "during", "T", "cell", "development", "." ]
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18109
[ "ETS1", "transactivates", "the", "human", "GM-CSF", "promoter", "in", "Jurkat", "T", "cells", "stimulated", "with", "PMA", "and", "ionomycin", "." ]
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18110
[ "Activation", "of", "T", "helper", "cells", "results", "in", "coordinate", "expression", "of", "a", "number", "of", "cytokines", "involved", "in", "differentiation", ",", "proliferation", "and", "activation", "of", "the", "haematopoietic", "system", "." ]
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18111
[ "Granulocyte-macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "(", "GM-CSF", ")", "is", "one", "such", "cytokine", "whose", "increased", "expression", "results", "partly", "from", "increases", "in", "transcription", "." ]
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18112
[ "Cis-acting", "elements", "with", "NF", "kappa", "B", ",", "AP-1", "and", "ETS-like", "motifs", "have", "been", "identified", "in", "the", "promoter", "region", "of", "the", "GM-CSF", "gene", ",", "which", "are", "important", "for", "transcriptional", "activity", "following", "PMA", "and", "ionomycin", "stimulation", "." ]
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18113
[ "A", "number", "of", "the", "ETS", "family", "of", "transcription", "factors", "are", "expressed", "in", "T", "cells", ",", "including", "ETS1", "and", "ELF1", "." ]
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18114
[ "Here", "we", "describe", "the", "ability", "of", "these", "factors", "to", "interact", "with", "a", "site", "(", "GM5", ")", ",", "located", "within", "the", "CLE0", "element", ",", "-47", "to", "-40", "upstream", "of", "the", "GM-CSF", "transcription", "initiation", "site", "." ]
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18115
[ "Exogenous", "ETS1", ",", "but", "not", "ELF1", ",", "can", "transactivate", "GM-CSF", ",", "through", "the", "GM5", "site", ",", "in", "a", "PMA/ionomycin", "dependent", "manner", "." ]
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18116
[ "Other", "unidentified", "ETS-like", "factors", "present", "in", "Jurkat", "cells", "are", "also", "capable", "of", "binding", "GM5", "." ]
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18117
[ "Mutation", "of", "the", "core", "ETS", "binding", "site", "from", "-GGAA-", "to", "-GGAT-", "prevents", "the", "binding", "of", "ETS-like", "factors", "with", "the", "exception", "of", "ETS1", "." ]
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18118
[ "The", "GM-CSF", "promoter", ",", "modified", "in", "this", "way", "to", "be", "ETS1", "specific", ",", "is", "fully", "responsive", "to", "PMA/ionomycin", "induction", ",", "in", "addition", "to", "ETS1", "transactivation", "in", "the", "presence", "of", "PMA", "and", "ionomycin", "." ]
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18119
[ "Together", "these", "data", "suggest", "that", "ETS1", "may", "be", "involved", "in", "mediating", "the", "increased", "GM-CSF", "production", "associated", "with", "T", "cell", "activation", "." ]
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18120
[ "Quantitation", "of", "beta", "1", "triiodothyronine", "receptor", "mRNA", "in", "human", "tissues", "by", "competitive", "reverse", "transcription", "polymerase", "chain", "reaction", "." ]
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18121
[ "Thyroid", "hormones", "act", "by", "binding", "to", "nuclear", "receptor", "proteins", ",", "the", "thyroid", "hormone", "receptors", "(", "TR", ")", "alpha", "and", "beta", "." ]
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18122
[ "Data", "from", "cell", "culture", "and", "animal", "studies", "indicate", "that", "TR", "expression", "may", "be", "regulated", "to", "modulate", "target", "organ", "responsiveness", "to", "thyroid", "hormone", "." ]
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18123
[ "To", "investigate", "whether", "such", "adaptive", "changes", "in", "TR", "expression", "occur", "in", "humans", ",", "we", "determined", "the", "mRNA", "levels", "of", "the", "hTR", "beta", "1", "in", "various", "thyroid", "states", "." ]
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18124
[ "Patients", "with", "overt", "hypo", "-or", "hyperthyroidism", "were", "enrolled", "in", "the", "study", "." ]
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18125
[ "Total", "RNA", "was", "isolated", "from", "peripheral", "blood", "mononuclear", "cells", "and", "hTR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "determined", "by", "quantitative", "competitive", "reverse", "transcription", "PCR", "." ]
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18126
[ "For", "comparison", ",", "hTR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "were", "determined", "in", "lymphocytes", "and", "normal", "thyroid", "tissue", "of", "euthyroid", "patients", "." ]
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18127
[ "Human", "TR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "in", "lymphocytes", "were", "1.8", "+/-", "0.4", ",", "1.9", "+/-", "0.5", ",", "1.1", "+/-", "0.4", "10", "(", "-18", ")", "mol/microgram", "RNA", "in", "hypo-", ",", "eu", "-and", "hyperthyroid", "patients", ",", "respectively", ",", "corresponding", "to", "an", "estimated", "0.5", "-2", "molecules", "per", "cell", "." ]
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18128
[ "Although", "the", "mean", "hTR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "were", "40", "%", "lower", "in", "hyperthyroid", "than", "in", "euthyroid", "subjects", ",", "this", "difference", "did", "not", "reach", "statistical", "significance", "." ]
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18129
[ "Similar", "levels", "of", "hTR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "were", "detected", "in", "thyroid", "gland", "from", "euthyroid", "patients", "." ]
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18130
[ "In", "summary", ",", "we", "developed", "an", "assay", "for", "the", "quantitative", "determination", "of", "hTR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "in", "small", "human", "tissue", "samples", ",", "containing", "as", "little", "as", "50", "ng", "of", "total", "RNA", "." ]
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18131
[ "Absolute", "hTR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "are", "very", "low", "with", "an", "estimated", "one", "molecule", "of", "mRNA", "being", "present", "in", "a", "mononuclear", "blood", "cell", "or", "thyrocyte", "." ]
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18132
[ "No", "up-regulation", "of", "hTR", "beta", "1", "was", "seen", "in", "hypothyroid", "relative", "to", "euthyroid", "patients", "." ]
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18133
[ "However", ",", "there", "is", "a", "non-significant", "trend", "towards", "a", "down-regulation", "of", "hTR", "beta", "1", "mRNA", "levels", "in", "hyperthyroid", "patients", "." ]
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18134
[ "Multiple", "proteins", "interact", "with", "the", "nuclear", "inhibitory", "protein", "repressor", "element", "in", "the", "human", "interleukin-3", "promoter", "." ]
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18135
[ "T", "cell", "expression", "of", "interleukin", "3", "(", "IL-3", ")", "is", "directed", "by", "positive", "and", "negative", "cis-acting", "DNA", "elements", "clustered", "within", "300", "base", "pairs", "of", "the", "transcriptional", "start", "site", "." ]
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18136
[ "A", "strong", "repressor", "element", ",", "termed", "nuclear", "inhibitory", "protein", "(", "NIP", ")", ",", "was", "previously", "mapped", "to", "a", "segment", "of", "the", "IL-3", "promoter", "between", "nucleotides", "-271", "and", "-250", "." ]
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18137
[ "Functional", "characterization", "of", "this", "element", "demonstrates", "that", "it", "can", "mediate", "repression", "when", "linked", "in", "cis", "to", "a", "heterologous", "promoter", "." ]
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18138
[ "DNA", "binding", "experiments", "were", "carried", "out", "to", "characterize", "the", "repressor", "activity", "." ]
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18139
[ "Using", "varying", "conditions", ",", "three", "distinct", "complexes", "were", "shown", "to", "interact", "specifically", "with", "the", "NIP", "region", ",", "although", "only", "one", "correlates", "with", "repressor", "activity", "." ]
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18140
[ "Complex", "1", "results", "from", "binding", "of", "a", "ubiquitous", "polypeptide", "that", "recognizes", "the", "3", "'", "portion", "of", "this", "sequence", "and", "is", "not", "required", "for", "repression", "." ]
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18141
[ "Complex", "2", "corresponds", "to", "binding", "of", "transcription", "factor", "(", "upstream", "stimulatory", "factor", ")", "to", "an", "E-box", "motif", "in", "the", "5", "'", "portion", "of", "the", "NIP", "region", "." ]
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18142
[ "DNA", "binding", "specificity", "of", "complex", "3", "overlaps", "with", "that", "of", "upstream", "stimulatory", "factor", "but", "is", "clearly", "distinct", "." ]
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18143
[ "To", "determine", "which", "of", "the", "latter", "two", "complexes", "represents", "NIP", "activity", ",", "we", "incorporated", "small", "alterations", "into", "the", "NIP", "site", "of", "an", "IL-3", "promoter-linked", "reporter", "construct", "and", "examined", "their", "effects", "on", "NIP", "-mediated", "repression", "." ]
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18144
[ "Functional", "specificity", "for", "repression", "matches", "the", "DNA", "binding", "specificity", "of", "complex", "3", ";", "both", "repressor", "activity", "and", "complex", "3", "binding", "require", "the", "consensus", "sequence", "CTCACNTNC", "." ]
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18145
[ "The", "hematopoietic", "transcription", "factor", "PU.1", "is", "downregulated", "in", "human", "multiple", "myeloma", "cell", "lines", "." ]
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18146
[ "PU.1", "is", "a", "hematopoietic", "transcription", "factor", "belonging", "to", "the", "Ets-family", "." ]
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18147
[ "It", "is", "identical", "to", "the", "Spi-1", "oncogene", ",", "which", "is", "implicated", "in", "spleen", "focus-forming", "virus-induced", "murine", "erythroleukemias", "." ]
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18148
[ "PU.1", "seems", "to", "be", "required", "for", "early", "development", "of", "multiple", "hematopoietic", "lineages", ",", "but", "its", "expression", "in", "mature", "cells", "is", "preferentially", "observed", "in", "cells", "of", "the", "B-cell-and", "monocyte/macrophage-differentiation", "lineage", "." ]
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18149
[ "It", "binds", "the", "so-called", "Pu", "box", ",", "an", "important", "tissue-specific", "regulatory", "DNA", "element", "present", "in", "a", "number", "of", "genes", "expressed", "in", "these", "cell", "lineages", "." ]
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18150
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18151
[ "PU.1", "mRNA", "expression", "and", "PU.1", "DNA", "binding", "activity", ",", "as", "measured", "by", "Northern", "blot", "analysis", "and", "electrophoretic", "mobility", "shift", "assay", ",", "respectively", ",", "were", "evident", "in", "cell", "lines", "representing", "pro-B", ",", "pre-B", ",", "and", "mature", "B", "cells", "." ]
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18152
[ "We", "could", "also", "show", "Pu", "box", "-dependent", "transactivation", "of", "a", "reporter", "gene", "in", "transient", "transfections", "in", "these", "cell", "lines", "." ]
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18153
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18154
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18155
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18156
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18157
[ "Regulation", "of", "granulocyte-macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "and", "E-selectin", "expression", "in", "endothelial", "cells", "by", "cyclosporin", "A", "and", "the", "T-cell", "transcription", "factor", "NFAT", "." ]
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18158
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18159
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18160
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18161
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18162
[ "CsA", "also", "suppressed", "E-selectin", ",", "but", "not", "vascular", "cell", "adhesion", "molecule-1", "(", "VCAM-1", ")", "expression", "in", "endothelial", "cells", ",", "even", "though", "the", "E-selectin", "promoter", "is", "activated", "by", "NF-kappa", "B", "rather", "than", "NFAT", "." ]
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18163
[ "Hence", ",", "induction", "of", "cell", "surface", "expression", "of", "this", "leukocyte", "adhesion", "molecule", "by", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF", ")", "-alpha", "was", "reduced", "by", "40", "%", "in", "the", "presence", "of", "CsA", ",", "and", "this", "was", "reflected", "by", "a", "29", "%", "decrease", "in", "neutrophil", "adhesion", "." ]
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18164
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18165
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18166
[ "Costimulation", "requirement", "for", "AP-1", "and", "NF-kappa", "B", "transcription", "factor", "activation", "in", "T", "cells", "." ]
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18167
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18168
[ "Several", "transcription", "factors", "participate", "in", "IL-2", "promoter", "activation", ",", "among", "which", "are", "AP-1-like", "factors", "and", "NF-kappa", "B", "." ]
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18169
[ "Protein", "phosphorylation", "has", "an", "important", "role", "in", "the", "regulation", "of", "these", "two", "factors", ":", "(", "1", ")", "it", "induces", "the", "transactivating", "capacity", "of", "the", "AP-1", "protein", "c-Jun", ";", "and", "(", "2", ")", "it", "is", "involved", "in", "the", "release", "of", "the", "cytoplasmic", "inhibitor", ",", "I", "kappa", "B", ",", "from", "NF-kappa", "B", ",", "allowing", "translocation", "of", "the", "latter", "into", "the", "nucleus", "." ]
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18170
[ "We", "have", "recently", "shown", "that", "both", "phosphorylation", "processes", "require", "T-cell", "costimulation", "." ]
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18171
[ "Furthermore", ",", "in", "activated", "T", "cells", ",", "the", "kinetics", "of", "the", "two", "phosphorylation", "events", "are", "essentially", "similar", "." ]
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18172
[ "According", "to", "our", "results", ",", "however", ",", "the", "kinases", "responsible", "for", "the", "two", "processes", "are", "distinct", "entities", "." ]
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18173
[ "Whereas", "TPCK", "inhibits", "phosphorylation", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "and", ",", "consequently", ",", "activation", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", ",", "it", "markedly", "enhances", "the", "activity", "of", "JNK", ",", "the", "MAP", "kinase-related", "kinase", "that", "phosphorylates", "the", "transactivation", "domain", "of", "c-Jun", "." ]
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18174
[ "We", ",", "therefore", ",", "propose", "the", "activation", "scheme", "presented", "in", "FIGURE", "3", "for", "T-cell", "costimulation", "." ]
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18175
[ "Costimulation", "results", "in", "the", "activation", "of", "a", "signaling", "pathway", "that", "leads", "to", "the", "simultaneous", "induction", "of", "the", "two", "transcription", "factors", ",", "AP-1", "and", "NF-kappa", "B", "." ]
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18176
[ "Integration", "of", "the", "signals", "generated", "by", "TCR", "and", "CD28", "engagement", "occurs", "along", "this", "pathway", ",", "which", "then", "bifurcates", "to", "induce", "I", "kappa", "B", "phosphorylation", "and", "NF-kappa", "B", "activation", "on", "the", "one", "hand", ",", "and", "JNK", "activation", "and", "c-Jun", "phosphorylation", "on", "the", "other", "." ]
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18177
[ "We", "are", "currently", "engaged", "in", "defining", "where", "the", "two", "signals", "integrate", "along", "the", "AP-1", "/", "NF-kappa", "B", "pathway", "." ]
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18178
[ "Regulation", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "and", "cytokine", "gene", "expression", "in", "myeloid", "cells", "by", "NF-kappa", "B/Rel", "transcription", "factors", "." ]
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18179
[ "CD4+", "macrophages", "in", "tissues", "such", "as", "lung", ",", "skin", ",", "and", "lymph", "nodes", ",", "promyelocytic", "cells", "in", "bone", "marrow", ",", "and", "peripheral", "blood", "monocytes", "serve", "as", "important", "targets", "and", "reservoirs", "for", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "(", "HIV-1", ")", "replication", "." ]
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18180
[ "HIV-1-infected", "myeloid", "cells", "are", "often", "diminished", "in", "their", "ability", "to", "participate", "in", "chemotaxis", ",", "phagocytosis", ",", "and", "intracellular", "killing", "." ]
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18181
[ "HIV-1", "infection", "of", "myeloid", "cells", "can", "lead", "to", "the", "expression", "of", "surface", "receptors", "associated", "with", "cellular", "activation", "and/or", "differentiation", "that", "increase", "the", "responsiveness", "of", "these", "cells", "to", "cytokines", "secreted", "by", "neighboring", "cells", "as", "well", "as", "to", "bacteria", "or", "other", "pathogens", "." ]
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18182
[ "Enhancement", "of", "HIV-1", "replication", "is", "related", "in", "part", "to", "increased", "DNA-binding", "activity", "of", "cellular", "transcription", "factors", "such", "as", "NF-kappa", "B", "." ]
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18183
[ "NF-kappa", "B", "binds", "to", "the", "HIV-1", "enhancer", "region", "of", "the", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "and", "contributes", "to", "the", "inducibility", "of", "HIV-1", "gene", "expression", "in", "response", "to", "multiple", "activating", "agents", "." ]
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18184
[ "Phosphorylation", "and", "degradation", "of", "the", "cytoplasmic", "inhibitor", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "are", "crucial", "regulatory", "events", "in", "the", "activation", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "DNA-binding", "activity", "." ]
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18185
[ "Both", "N-", "and", "C-terminal", "residues", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "are", "required", "for", "inducer-mediated", "degradation", "." ]
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18186
[ "Chronic", "HIV-1", "infection", "of", "myeloid", "cells", "leads", "to", "constitutive", "NF-kappa", "B", "DNA-binding", "activity", "and", "provides", "an", "intranuclear", "environment", "capable", "of", "perpetuating", "HIV-1", "replication", "." ]
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18187
[ "Increased", "intracellular", "stores", "of", "latent", "NF-kappa", "B", "may", "also", "result", "in", "rapid", "inducibility", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "-dependent", "cytokine", "gene", "expression", "." ]
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18188
[ "In", "response", "to", "secondary", "pathogenic", "infections", "or", "antigenic", "challenge", ",", "cytokine", "gene", "expression", "is", "rapidly", "induced", ",", "enhanced", ",", "and", "sustained", "over", "prolonged", "periods", "in", "HIV-1-infected", "myeloid", "cells", "compared", "with", "uninfected", "cells", "." ]
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18189
[ "Elevated", "levels", "of", "several", "inflammatory", "cytokines", "have", "been", "detected", "in", "the", "sera", "of", "HIV-1-infected", "individuals", "." ]
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18190
[ "Secretion", "of", "myeloid", "cell-derived", "cytokines", "may", "both", "increase", "virus", "production", "and", "contribute", "to", "AIDS-associated", "disorders", "." ]
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18191
[ "Steroid", "mediated", "lysis", "of", "lymphoblasts", "requires", "the", "DNA", "binding", "region", "of", "the", "steroid", "hormone", "receptor", "." ]
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18192
[ "Glucocorticoids", "kill", "certain", "types", "of", "lymphoblasts", ",", "but", "the", "mechanisms", "are", "unknown", "." ]
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18193
[ "It", "is", "clear", "that", "sufficient", "numbers", "of", "functional", "glucocorticoid", "receptors", "are", "required", "to", "mediate", "lysis", ",", "but", "whether", "they", "do", "so", "through", "the", "classical", "model", "of", "steroid", "hormone", "activation", "and", "modulation", "of", "gene", "expression", "has", "not", "been", "established", "." ]
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18194
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18195
[ "CEM-ICR", "27", "leukemic", "lymphoblasts", ",", "a", "clone", "of", "CEM", "cells", "which", "lack", "functional", "glucocorticoid", "receptors", "and", "therefore", "are", "neither", "lysed", "by", "dexamethasone", "nor", "capable", "of", "showing", "glutamine", "synthetase", "induction", ",", "were", "provided", "with", "steroid", "receptors", "by", "DNA", "transfections", "of", "various", "receptor", "gene", "constructs", "." ]
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18196
[ "We", "measured", "steroid", "mediated", "lysis", ",", "receptor", "number", "and", "induction", "of", "glutamine", "synthetase", "in", "the", "transfected", "cells", "." ]
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18197
[ "Our", "results", "provide", "evidence", "that", "the", "lysis", "mechanism", "in", "the", "ICR27", "lymphoblasts", "is", "restored", "when", "functional", "receptor", "number", "is", "restored", "." ]
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18198
[ "The", "DNA", "binding", "region", "specifying", "high", "affinity", "for", "GRE", "sites", "is", "required", "." ]
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18199
[ "Lysis", "is", "mediated", "by", "any", "steroid", "that", "allows", "for", "activation", "of", "the", "receptor", "containing", "such", "a", "region", "." ]
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18200
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