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While listening to second graders complete a reading lesson, President Bush was informed: “America is under attack.” Trying not to alarm the children, President Bush listened to the rest of the lesson then went to another classroom to assess the situation.
He then addressed the country.
President Bush left Florida on Air Force One, gathering information and communicating with Vice President Dick Cheney, National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, New York officials, and military advisors throughout the day.
Air Force One landed at two military bases, where President Bush received intelligence, coordinated a national response, and addressed the nation.
"Make no mistake: The United States will hunt down and punish those responsible for these cowardly acts," said the President.
President Bush was determined to return to the White House, so Air Force One flew back to Washington, DC.
President Bush met with his senior staff and then addressed a frightened nation from the Oval Office.
In the days following September 11th, President Bush assessed the damage in Washington and New York, directed military and civilian response efforts, acknowledged the work of first responders, and comforted a grieving nation.
From our artifact collection: United States flag that flew on the Healing Field Memorial at the September 11, 2008 dedication of the Pentagon 911 Memorial.
Tapping on the desk hewn from the timbers of the H.M.S. Resolute, President George W.
Bush makes the stand in the Oval Office, September 13, 2001.
"Make no mistake about it, my resolve is steady and strong about winning this war that has been declared on America." President George W.
Bush was joined at the National Cathedral by former Presidents Ford, Carter, Bush, and Clinton for the National Day of Prayer and Remembrance on September 14, 2001.
Members of Congress, the Cabinet, the Washington diplomatic community, and prominent religious leaders were also in attendance.
When President George W.
Bush first visited New York City three days after the attacks, he was astonished by the horror of the scene: “As we approached Ground Zero, I felt like I was entering a nightmare.
There was little light.
Smoke hung in the air mixed with suspended particles of debris, creating an eerie gray curtain…They had hit us harder than I comprehended.” (Decision Points, p.
148) Standing atop a crumpled fire truck with retired New York City fireman Bob Beckwith on September 14, 2001, President Bush rallies rescue workers during an impromptu speech at Ground Zero saying, "I can hear you.
The rest of the world hears you.
And the people who knocked these buildings down will hear all of us soon." From our artifact collection: The Fanon MP-5 bullhorn President George W.
Bush used to speak to the first responders working at Ground Zero when he visited New York City on September 14, 2001.
DO.203303 As the nation moved from shock to anger in the days after 9/11, President Bush emphasized that the attacks were conducted by extremist terrorists, and did not represent the Islamic religion.
Calls from world leaders offering support came in within hours of the attacks, and gifts and messages of condolence from people around the world (especially schoolchildren) poured in the following days and weeks.
From our artifact collection: "In Memory of 9/11/01" written and illustrated by gifter Ms Bauer's Class, Willis Middle School 2001-02.
DO.238084 From our artifact collection: Homemade card, two pieces of white poster board taped together.
Front has color printed Scotland and US flags on crossed poles drawn in black marker against field of red cardstock glued to poster board.
Inside has several signatures and messages of condolence from the "Safe Til Six" After School Club, The Salvation Army, Falkirk, Scotland.
2019.28.91 On September 20, 2001, President Bush addressed a joint session of Congress, the nation, and the world, saying “In the normal course of events, presidents come to this chamber to report on the state of the union.
Tonight, no such report is needed; it has already been delivered by the American people...My fellow citizens, for the last nine days, the entire world has seen for itself the state of union, and it is strong.” "...I will carry this," said President Bush during a joint session of Congress, September 20, 2001.
"It is the police shield of a man named George Howard, who died at the World Trade Center trying to save others.
...This is my reminder of lives that ended, and a task that does not end." In the days that followed the attacks, President Bush encouraged Americans to go back to work, and to defeat terrorism by resuming their lives.
The next month, 55,820 baseball fans packed New York City’s Yankee Stadium to watch their hometown team play the Arizona Diamondbacks in the World Series.
President Bush took to the mound to throw the first pitch.
It was a strike.
Despite the tragic loss of life and destruction, the nation grew in strength and unity.
More than a decade after the terrorist attacks, the effects of September 11th have been complex and far-reaching; however, President Bush’s words from that evening’s Oval Office address hold true: “Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America.
These acts shattered steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.” From our artifact collection: Stainless steel "Hearts of Steel," bracelet engraved "Let's Roll/ We Remember 9-11-01 United We Stand/ USA." DO.358192 The George W.
Bush Presidential Library and Museum has more resources on the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001.
September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks Topic Guide September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks Photo Gallery Featured Artifact: 9/11 BullhornHelp inform the discussion The day that defined the beginning of the 21st Century for Americans On September 11, 2001, 2,977 people were killed in the deadliest terrorist attacks in American history.
The moment shocked the nation.
Two planes, hijacked by Islamic jihadists vowing death to all Americans, plowed into both towers at the World Trade Center in New York.
Another plane was flown into the Pentagon in Washington, DC.
A fourth plane, presumably headed for the White House or the U.S. Capitol, was heroically diverted by passengers and ended up crashing in an empty field in Pennsylvania.
After reports of the first plane hitting the North Tower, millions watched the second plane hit the South Tower on live television.
It was a terrifying, startling, and humbling event for the country.
The 9/11 attacks were the deadliest on American soil since the shock attack at Pearl Harbor 60 years before, and the sense of outrage was reminiscent of that moment.
The attacks in New York occurred in the country’s busiest city on a busy workday.
And the staggered nature of the attacks meant that news footage captured almost everything as it happened, ensuring that millions of Americans saw the events precisely as they unfolded.
5:45 AM – Mohamed Atta and Abdul Aziz al-Omari, two of the intended hijackers, pass through security at the Portland International Jetport in Maine.
They board a commuter flight to Boston Logan International Airport, they then board American Airlines Flight 11.
7:59 AM – Flight 11 takes off from Boston, headed for Los Angeles, California.
There are 76 passengers, 11 crew members, and 5 hijackers on board.
8:15 AM – United Airlines Flight 175 takes off from Boston, also headed for Los Angeles.
There are 51 passengers, 9 crew members, and 5 hijackers on board.
8:19 AM – A flight attendant on Flight 11, Betty Ann Ong, alerts ground personnel that a hijacking is underway and that the cockpit is unreachable.
8:20 AM – American Airlines Flight 77 takes off from Dulles, outside of Washington, DC, headed for Los Angeles.
There are 53 passengers, 6 crew members, and 5 hijackers on board.
8:24 AM – Mohamed Atta, a hijacker on Flight 11, unintentionally alerts air controllers in Boston to the attack.
He meant to press the button that allowed him to talk to the passengers on his flight.
8:37 AM – After hearing the broadcast from Atta on Flight 11, Boston air traffic control alerts the US Air Force’s Northeast Defense Sector, who then mobilize the Air National Guard to follow the plane.
8:42 AM – United Flight 93 takes off from Newark, New Jersey, after a delay due to routine traffic.
It was headed for San Francisco, California.
There are 33 passengers, 7 crew members, and 4 hijackers are on board.
8:46 AM – Flight 11 crashes into the World Trade Center’s North Tower.
All passengers aboard are instantly killed, and employees of the WTC are trapped above the 91st floor.
9:03 AM – Flight 175 crashes into the WTC’s South Tower.
All passengers aboard are killed instantly and so are an unknown number of people in the tower.
9:05 AM – President George W.
Bush, in an elementary school classroom in Florida, is informed about the hit on the second tower.
His chief of staff, Andrew Card, whispers the chilling news into the president’s ear.
Bush later wrote about his response: “I made the decision not to jump up immediately and leave the classroom.
I didn’t want to rattle the kids.
I wanted to project a sense of calm… I had been in enough crises to know that the first thing the leader has to do is to project calm.” (Miller Center) 9:28 AM – Hijackers attack on Flight 93.
9:37 AM – Flight 77 crashes into the Pentagon.
All passengers aboard are instantly killed and so are 125 civilian and military personnel in the building.
9:45 AM – US airspace is shut down under Operation Yellow Ribbon.
All civilian aircraft are ordered to land at the nearest airport.
9:55 AM – Air Force One with President George W.
Bush aboard takes off from Florida.
9:57 AM – Passengers aboard Flight 93 begin to run up toward the cockpit.
Jarrah, the pilot, begins to roll the plane back and forth in an attempt to destabilize the revolt.
9:59 AM – The South Tower of the World Trade Center collapses.
10:02 AM – Flight 93 plows into an empty field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
Although its ultimate target is unknown, it was likely heading for either the White House or the US Capitol.
10:18 AM – President Bush authorizes any non-grounded planes to be shot down.
At that time, all four hijacked planes had already crashed but the president’s team was operating under the impression that Flight 93 was still in the air.
10:28 AM – The North Tower of the World Trade Center collapses.
10:53 AM – Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld orders the US military to move to a higher state of alert, going to DEFCON 3.
11:45 AM – Air Force 1 lands at Barksdale Air Force Base near Shreveport, Louisiana.
12:15 PM – Airspace in the United States is completely free of all commercial and private flights.
1:30 PM – Air Force 1 leaves Barksdale.
2:30 PM – Rudy Giuliani, the mayor of New York City, visits the fallen Twin Towers of the World Trade Center at what becomes known as Ground Zero.
3:00 PM – Air Force 1 lands at Offutt Air Force Base in Nebraska, and President Bush is immediately taken to a secure bunker that is capable of withstanding a nuclear attack.
4:30 PM – Air Force 1 leaves Offutt and heads back toward Andrews Air Force base near Washington, DC.
5:30 PM – Building 7 of the World Trade Center collapses.
8:30 PM – President Bush addresses the nation.
Although to many Americans 9/11 seemed like a random act of terror, the roots of the event had been developing for years.
A combination of factors that coalesced in the late 1990s led the catastrophic event.
These factors included regional conditions in the Middle East that motivated the perpetrators, as well as intelligence lapses and failures that left the United States vulnerable.