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Named for James Zadroga, a New York City Police officer who died of respiratory disease he contracted after rescuing people from the rubble at Ground Zero, the law continued health monitoring and compensation for 9/11 first responders and survivors.
In 2015, funding for the treatment of 9/11-related illness was renewed for five more years at a total of $7.4 billion.
The Victim Compensation Fund was set to stop accepting claims in December 2020.
On July 29, 2019, then-President Trump signed a law authorizing support for the September 11 Victim Compensation Fund through 2092.
Previously, administrators had cut benefits by up to 70 percent as the $7.4 billion fund depleted.
Vocal lobbyists for the fund included Jon Stewart, 9/11 first responder John Feal and retired New York Police Department detective and 9/11 responder Luis Alvarez, who died of cancer 18 days after testifying before Congress.
On December 18, 2001, Congress approved naming September 11 “Patriot Day” to commemorate the anniversary of the 9/11 attacks.
In 2009, Congress named September 11 a National Day of Service and Remembrance.
The first memorials to September 11 came in the immediate wake of the attacks, with candlelight vigils and flower tributes at U.S. embassies around the world.
In Great Britain, Queen Elizabeth sang the American national anthem during the changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace.
Rio de Janeiro put up billboards showing the city’s Christ the Redeemer statue embracing the New York City skyline.
For the first anniversary of the attacks in New York City in 2002, two bright columns of light were shot up into the sky from where the Twin Towers once stood.
The “Tribute in Light” then became an annual installation run by the Municipal Art Society of New York.
On clear nights, the beams are visible from over 60 miles away.
A World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition was held to select an appropriate permanent memorial to the victims of 9/11.
The winning design by Michael Arad, “Reflecting Absence,” now sits outside the museum in an eight-acre park.
It consists of two reflecting pools with waterfalls rushing down where the Twin Towers once rose into the sky.
The names of all 2,983 victims are engraved on the 152 bronze panels surrounding the pools, arranged by where individuals were on the day of the attacks, so coworkers and people on the same flight are memorialized together.
The site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of 9/11.
The National September 11 Memorial & Museum followed, opening on the original World Trade Center site in May 2014.
The Freedom Tower, also on the original World Trade Center site, opened in November 2014.
Explore this collection of extraordinary documentary films about one of the most challenging days in U.S. history.
"Study Confirms 9/11 Impact on New York City Economy." The New York Times"September 11: nearly 10,000 people affected by 'cesspool of cancer.'" The Guardian."Congress passes 9/11 Victim Compensation Fund extension championed by Jon Stewart." CNN.comThe Encyclopedia of 9/11.
New York Magazine.FAQ About 9/11.
9/11 Memorial.September 11th Terror Attacks Fast Facts.
CNN.9/11 Death Statistics.
StatisticBrain.com.
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All Rights Reserved.The 9/11 Terrorist Attacks 11 September 2001 Introduction Attack on the Pentagon on 9/11 Attack on the World Trade Center on 9/11 9/11 Terrorist Attacks (General) Selected Imagery A bouquet lies on a bench at the National 9/11 Pentagon Memorial at the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, 11 September 2019.
Department of Defense photo by Lisa Ferdinando.
On the morning of 11 September 2001, 19 terrorists from the Islamist extreme group al Qaeda hijacked four commercial aircraft and crashed two of them into the North and South Towers of the World Trade Center complex in New York City.
A third plane crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia.
After learning about the other attacks, passengers on the fourth hijacked plane, Flight 93, fought back, and the plane was crashed into an empty field in western Pennsylvania about 20 minutes by air from Washington, D.C. The Twin Towers ultimately collapsed, due to the damage from the impacts and subsequent fires.
Nearly 3,000 people were killed from 93 different countries.
Most of the fatalities were from the attacks on the World Trade Center.
The Pentagon lost 184 civilians and servicemembers and 40 people were killed on Flight 93.
It was the worst attack on American soil since the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941.
After the Taliban refused to turn over the mastermind of the attacks, Osama Bin Laden, Operation Enduring Freedom officially began 7 October 2001 with American and British bombing strikes against al Qaeda and Taliban forces in Afghanistan.
Initially, the Taliban was removed from power and al Qaeda was seriously crippled, but allied forces continually dealt with a stubborn Taliban insurgency, infrastructure rebuilding, and corruption among the Afghan National Army, Afghan National Police, and Afghan Border Police.
Bin Laden would go into hiding for nearly 10 years.
On 2 May 2011, U.S. Navy SEALs launched a nighttime raid on Bin Laden’s compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, killing the al Qaeda leader.
Operation Enduring Freedom officially ended 28 December 2014, although coalition forces remained on the ground to assist with training Afghan security forces.
American troops departed Afghanistan in August 2021.
Oral Histories - Navy Archives Navy Combat Documentation Detachment 206 Pentagon 9/11 Oral Histories In the immediate aftermath of the attacks on 11 September, the Department of Defense and all of the branches of the Armed Forces began efforts to document the attacks.
The Naval Historical Center (the predecessor of NHHC) activated its reserve unit, Navy Combat Documentation Detachment 206 (DET 206) to assist in the documentation efforts.
Over the next ten months, DET 206 reservists and NHC Historians interviewed hundreds of individuals who were in the Pentagon on the day of the attack or were directly involved in the Navy’s response and the work that followed.
The Navy Archives has received permission to release a portion of the oral histories to the public for the first time since they were recorded.
The oral histories that have been authorized for release can be found at the link above.
Archives Collections - Navy Archives Blogs/Articles Artifact Collection Photo Gallery Graphics Suggested Reading Oral Histories - Navy Archives Navy Combat Documentation Detachment 206: Documenting the Experiences of the Navy in New York City After 9/11 The oral histories document the experiences of Navy personnel in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Rhode Island on the day of the attacks and in the days and weeks following.
Navy Combat Documentation Detachment 206 Pentagon 9/11 Oral History: CDR Terrence Dwyer Commander Dwyer was the head of medical services on the USNS Comfort in September 2001.
His oral history documents the service of USNS Comfort in New York City following the attacks.
Archives Collection - Navy Archives Photo Gallery Blogs/Articles Suggested Reading Oral Histories - Navy Archives Navy Combat Documentation Detachment 206: Documenting Operation Enduring Freedom - Experiences at CINCUSNAVEUR London on 11 September 2001 and in the Aftermath The oral histories focus on the experiences of Naval Staff on duty in London at Naval Forces Europe (CINCUSNAVEUR) on 9/11, as well their work in the aftermath and their observations on foreign reactions to the attacks.
Navy Combat Documentation Detachment 206: Documenting Operation Enduring Freedom - CINCLANTFLT & COMSECONDFLT Norfolk DET 206 reservists deployed to Norfolk in December 2001 to document CINCLANTFLT and SECONDFLT operations leading up to September 11, the immediate response following the attacks; and operations in the days and weeks after the attacks.
The oral histories in this collection offer overlapping and complementary perspectives.
Archives Collection - Navy Archives Artifact Collection Artifact Conservation Suggested Reading A clock, frozen at the time of impact, sat on a desk inside the Pentagon following the terrorist attack on 11 September 2001.
Photo by Air Force Staff Sgt.
Larry A.
Simmons.
Devastation at the World Trade Center site in New York City in the aftermath of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attack.
National Archives identifier, 5609777.
President George W.
Bush greeted rescue workers, firefighters, and military personnel, 12 September 2001, while he surveyed damage caused by the previous day’s terrorist attacks on the Pentagon.
Photo by Eric Draper.
Courtesy of the George W.
Bush Presidential Library.
Two Navy F/A-18 Hornets patrol the skies over Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom.
Both carry external fuel tanks and are armed with Paveway II laser guided GBU-16 1,000-pound bombs and AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles.
In response to the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 at the New York World Trade Center and the Pentagon, President George W.
Bush initiated Operation Enduring Freedom in support of the Global War on Terrorism.
National Archives identifier, 6602325.
The tall gray walls are the walls of the Visitor Center at the Flight 93 Memorial near Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
The black walkway is the Flight Path Walkway.
The Flight Path Overlook is beyond the second set of walls.
National Park Service photograph.
Conservator Francis Lukezic begins assessing the laptop recovered from the Pentagon shortly after 9/11.
Conservators stabilizing historic artifacts, including the “We Stand by You” bedsheet flown from FGS Lutjens as a banner of solidarity shortly after 9/11, at the Conservation Laboratory within the Collection Management Facility in Richmond, Virginia.
Senior Conservator and textile specialist Yoonjo Lee completes the treatment process for the FGS Lutjens bedsheet at NHHC’s Conservation Laboratory in Richmond, Virginia.
Emergency response teams responded to the Pentagon following a terrorist attack on 11 September 2001.
Photo courtesy of the Federal Bureau of Investigations.
Smoke and flames in the Washington, DC, skyline in the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the Pentagon, 11 September 2001.
Photo by Petty Officer 2nd Class Robert Houlihan.
Flight 93 impact crater with debris taken early in the investigation near Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
Department of Justice photograph.
An American flag was among the mementos left by German citizens who marched from Ramstein Village to Ramstein Air Base on 14 September 2001.
The march was a show of support and empathy for the victims of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center’s Twin Towers and at the Pentagon.
Hijackers deliberately flew civilian airliners into the buildings, killing themselves, the passengers, and thousands on the ground, 11 September 2001.
National Archives identifier, 6598788.
A U.S. Navy lieutenant dropped to one knee and placed flowers on a gravesite, while family, friends and coworkers of the 184 victims of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attack on the Pentagon, look on during a memorial service at the Arlington National Cemetery, 11 September 2003.
National Archives identifier, 6647599.
Badly damaged laptop recovered from the Pentagon shortly after 9/11, prior to assessment by Conservation Branch staff.
Heat damage from the fire after the attack on the Pentagon caused thermoplastic components to melt, warp, and keys to separate from the base of the laptop.