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Sandra Bullock Dream Movie
Sandra Bullock is one of the most precious starlets in Hollywood. With a career covering more than 30 years, she has become a household name and a symbol of strength and strength. In this blog post, we will take a better take a look at her life and profession, and explore what makes her such an long-lasting and precious figure in the show business.
Sandra Bullock was born on July 26, 1964, in Arlington, Virginia. She was raised in a military household and spent her youth exploring the world. Her father, John Bullock, was a U.S. Army employee and her mother, Helga Bullock, was an opera singer and voice teacher. She has one older sis, Gesine Bullock-Prado.
Bullock started her career as a struggling actress in the late 1980s, appearing in various stage productions and small television parts. It was not until the 1990s that she began to acquire acknowledgment for her talent and flexibility. Her breakout role came in 1994 when she played opposite Keanu Reeves in the smash hit film, Speed. The movie was a huge success, earning over $350 million around the world and sealing Bullock’s status as a leading partner.
Over the next few years, Bullock continued to prove her versatility as an actress, starring in a vast array of movies such as While You Were Sleeping, The Net, and Hope Floats. She also starred in the hit romantic comedy Miss Congeniality, which assisted to develop her as a leading lady in Hollywood.
In the 2000s, Bullock continued to have a prosperous profession, starring in a number of popular movies such as Two Weeks Notice, Crash, and The Proposal. She likewise produced numerous of her own films, including Miss Congeniality 2: Armed and Fabulous and All About Steve.
In addition to her acting profession, Bullock is also known for her philanthropy and advocacy. She is a strong advocate of education and children’s charities, and has been involved with numerous organizations such as the World Association of Children’s Friends and the American Red Cross.
Bullock has also been acknowledged for her work, getting many awards and honors throughout her career. She has been chosen for an Academy Award twice, winning the award for her part in the 2009 film The Blind Side. She likewise won a Golden Globe award for her performance in the film.
Over the last few years, Bullock has actually continued to operate in Hollywood, appearing in movies such as Gravity and Our Brand is Crisis. She has also produced and starred in the Netflix series, Bird Box.
Regardless of the ups and downs of her profession, Bullock has stayed a beloved figure in Hollywood and continues to be an inspiration to many. With her ability, resilience, and devotion, she has shown herself to be among the most skilled and accomplished starlets of her generation.
In her individual life, Bullock has had her share of heartbreaks and challenges. She had actually remained in a relationship with actor Tate Donovan in the early 90s, however the couple separated agreeably in 1995. She then married motorcycle contractor and Beast Garage host Jesse James in 2005, but the couple separated in 2010. She then embraced her very first kid, Louis Bardo Bullock, as a single mom in 2010 and after that her second child, Laila Bullock in 2015.
Bullock is likewise recognized for her private and low-key way of life, choosing to keep her personal life out of the spotlight. She has stated that she values her personal privacy and wishes to secure her kids from the glare of the media.
In conclusion, Sandra Bullock is one of the most accomplished starlets of her generation. With her talent, flexibility, and devotion, she has actually become a cherished figure in Hollywood and an inspiration to many. Her career has actually been marked by a string of critically acclaimed performances, and she has proved herself to be a talented and versatile actress. Bullock has actually also shown a remarkable capability to recuperate from obstacles and difficulties, both in her professional and personal life.
Off-screen, Bullock is understood for her philanthropy and activism, and her commitment to education and children’s charities. She is likewise a devoted mother to her 2 children, whom she adopted as a single mom. Despite the ups and downs of her career and individual life, Bullock has stayed a down-to-earth and relatable figure, and her fans continue to adore her for her talent, her compassion, and her humility.
Sandra Bullock is really a exceptional woman, and her legacy will continue to be celebrated for many years to come. She continues to show herself to be an actress of terrific skill and versatility, and a role model for women all over. It’s not an exaggeration to say that, Sandra Bullock is one of the most accomplished and appreciated starlets of our time.
Sandra Bullock Drawing
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San Diego police say now is the time for ‘smart’ cameras; others ask why the rush?
Camera-equipped smart streetlights in the Gaslamp District of San Diego. City police have proposed adding hundreds more.
( Bing Guan / Bloomberg via Getty Images)
By Lyndsay Winkley,
Teri Figueroa
SAN DIEGO —
In a few short weeks, the San Diego City Council could be faced with a decision: whether to spend millions of dollars to outfit a network of streetlights with sophisticated surveillance tools.
They’ve said yes before.
In 2016, council members signed off on a $30-million project that pledged to use energy-saving Smart Streetlights to assess traffic and parking patterns throughout the city. What the public didn’t know — and wouldn’t know for years — is that the technology came with cameras that could be accessed by police.
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The resulting outcry — based on concerns about privacy and equity — led San Diego to shut down the network and fueled the creation of a surveillance ordinance that would govern the use of Smart Streetlights and similar technologies.
And now those new rules will be put to the test.
On Wednesday, the San Diego Police Department proposed installing 500 new Smart Streetlights, complete with cameras that double as automatic license plate readers. If the plan goes forward, the city would become the largest in the country to use cameras and plate readers as part of a single network, police officials said.
The city launched a detailed web page outlining what the streetlights could and could not do, proposed policies governing how the technology would be used as well as information on where the cameras would be installed.
A camera-equipped smart streetlight in San Diego’s Gaslamp District.
(Bing Guan / Bloomberg via Getty Images)
Officials also set up community meetings to solicit feedback on the proposal — all before a single streetlight would be outfitted.
“I share the general public’s skepticism about technology, particularly when you’re not being direct with them about what you have, why you have it and what you’re going to use it for,” San Diego Mayor Todd Gloria said in an interview last week.
“What I’m heartened by is we do get to ask these questions,” he said. “We will provide answers, and we’ll do it before we acquire or deploy this technology. I feel passionately about this issue, as passionately as I feel that [these streetlights] will be good for our city and will keep more people safe.”
The approach is markedly different, and apparently more transparent, than when the Smart Streetlights were first installed, but community groups still worry the process is being rushed.
Lilly Irani, an associate UC San Diego professor who specializes in technology ethics, is part of the coalition that helped craft the city’s new surveillance ordinances. She said the community needs more time to look into the technology the city wants to use to more fully understand what it does and who would be impacted.
Public input meetings were announced just a few days ago, and will be held this Monday through Friday. The following week, on March 15, the plan will go to the city’s Privacy Advisory Board.
That fast turn-around, Irani said, does not give the department time to evaluate the feedback community members provide or potentially make changes to its proposal.
“It looks like you’re trying to jam a new technology through while checking off the checkboxes of the surveillance ordinances,” Irani said.
“If you’re going to install this system that you’re going to be using in the city for the next decade or the next 100 years, isn’t six months worth it?” she said.
Experts have long criticized surveillance technologies for disproportionately impacting Black and brown communities.
A Union-Tribune analysis of the proposed locations found that more than a fifth of the streetlights would be placed in San Diego’s District 8, which is more than 70% Latino and includes communities like Barrio Logan, Logan Heights, Otay Mesa and San Ysidro. The district would see about eight cameras per 10,000 people, a rate that’s nearly double that of some other districts.
How high-tech streetlights work
The high-tech streetlights San Diego is looking to install are produced by Ubicquia, a telecommunications company headquartered in Fort Lauderdale, Fla.
The streetlight platform comes with a host of features, according to the company’s website, including cameras and dual-directional microphones. The product can be outfitted with different software packages.
It’s up to the city to pick which features it uses.
San Diego police Capt. Jeff Jordon said the department plans to use the cameras to record footage in public spaces where people don’t have a reasonable expectation of privacy.
The department also wants to add automated license plate reader technology to the lights. The tool would capture the plates of vehicles as they pass by, note when and where they were seen, and then run that information against a variety of law enforcement databases.
The databases contain information about vehicles that may have a connection to missing-person cases or crimes like car thefts. Some of the databases are used by law enforcement agencies across the country, while others are produced by departments nearby. San Diego can also build its own watch lists as crimes and other incidents happen.
If the system picks up on a vehicle suspected in an incident, that information is sent to the department’s communication center, which relays the information to officers.
Jordon said the camera footage would not be monitored in real time, but instead accessed to investigate serious crimes or incidents.
Police and city officials praised the tools for their effectiveness, and cited their impact on police work as the reason for pursuing their installation.
“These two technologies together provide a tremendous ability to immediately impact our ability to focus resources, investigate crimes, and successfully prosecute and hold people accountable who commit those crimes,” Jordon said.
Between August 2018 and September 2020, the department used footage from Smart Streetlights to investigate hundreds of cases, including 56 homicides or attempted homicides, 55 robberies or burglaries and 55 assaults involving a weapon.
The ones installed in San Ysidro helped investigators zero in on a suspected gunman in the Nov. 6, 2019, shootings of three Church’s Chicken workers, one of whom was killed.
In downtown San Diego, they helped identify a man suspected of donning a costume mask and fatally shooting a business owner in October 2018.
Police officials also accessed streetlights 35 times to gather evidence against demonstrators suspected of committing crimes during protests held in the wake of George Floyd’s murder in 2020— a practice officials said last week would continue.
The department wants to start with 500 streetlights, and posted a map of the proposed locations. The technology would be placed around the city, from Carmel Mountain Ranch to San Ysidro. Many of the locations are near freeways and along main thoroughfares.
Proposed locations for Smart Streetlights and automated license plate readers
The San Diego Police Department has proposed re-installing Smart Streetlights and adding automated license plate readers at 500 locations across the city. Many are located near freeways and other main thoroughfares.
Zoom in to find your neighborhood.
Jordon said the department used crime data and input from investigators to choose where the cameras should go.
Under the proposed plan, District 8 would contain 111 of the streetlights, the most of any district. In addition to being largely Latino, nearly half of the district’s households earn less than $45,000 a year, according to estimates from the San Diego Association of Governments.
Councilmember Vivian Moreno, who oversees District 8, did not immediately reply to requests for comment about the placements.
Another 91 cameras will be placed in District 3, which encompasses Hillcrest, North Park and downtown San Diego. That’s a rate of about four cameras per 10,000 people.
The district is about 55% white, 29% Latino, 7% Asian and 5% Black.
Councilmember Stephen Whitburn, who oversees District 3, said in a statement last week that the neighborhoods he represents consistently list public safety as a top priority. He said he thinks the tech helps meet that need.
“When the Smart Streetlights were active, they helped solve crimes and got criminals off the streets,” he said.
What about privacy?
Although police and city leaders stress that technologies like license plate readers are collecting anonymous data — meaning it does not contain personally identifiable information — privacy advocates argue that what’s actually being gathered is location data.
And that’s personal stuff.
Dave Maass, director of investigations for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a digital rights organization, said it would be “intellectually dishonest” to call license plate information anonymous.
“Your location data can provide clues about who you’re dating, what your medical conditions are, how you worship and if you’re engaged in civil protest or city politics,” Maass said. “It’s personal information that can reveal intimate details about your life — information that’s really nobody’s business but your own.”
Although the Police Department’s proposed policy provides guidance about how and when to use the technology, investigators still have plenty of discretion.
They need to have a “legitimate law enforcement purpose” to access license plate data or to enter a license plate into the system, according to the department’s proposed policy. Those legitimate purposes can include everything from locating vehicles wanted in connection with a crime to “confirming parking enforcement violations.”
The policy also states that neither reasonable suspicion nor probable cause are required to access license plate reader equipment.
The department has said that everyone with access to the system will be specially trained, but the list of those who could gain access is expansive and includes groups like the department’s Retired Senior Volunteer Patrol.
Maass also said the notifications that license plate reader systems send out can sometimes steer departments toward particular types of crimes — and those crimes may not be the same ones communities want officers to focus on.
Jordon said the department will pay close attention to the volume of alerts the system generates, and is prepared to alter course if necessary.
For more information about the technology and the community meetings being held to discuss it, visit the city’s website.
Lyndsay Winkley
Lyndsay Winkley is a member of the watchdog team at The San Diego Union-Tribune. She joined the paper in July 2012, and spent years covering crime and policing before moving to investigations. A graduate of SDSU, Lyndsay has been recognized by the Society of Professional Journalists, San Diego Press Club and other organizations for her work.
Teri Figueroa covers courts, crime and breaking news for The San Diego Union-Tribune. A native Californian, she joined the North County Times in 2002, and the U-T in 2012. Figueroa reported on the 2003 and 2007 wildfires, and covered the criminal cases against Richard Tuite and John Gardner III, as well as war crimes cases. A San Diego State University graduate, Figueroa has won multiple journalism awards for her work. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11197 | {"url": "https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-03-05/san-diego-police-smart-cameras-and-license-plate-readers", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.latimes.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:57:10Z", "digest": "sha1:5F3DE6357YBQMGA6QE5UXIIGUEUHQ6D2"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 11518, 11518.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 11518, 16501.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 11518, 69.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 11518, 301.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 11518, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 11518, 275.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 11518, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 11518, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 11518, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 11518, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 11518, 0.39972015]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 11518, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 11518, 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Supreme Court’s Decision on Arizona’s SB 1070 Will Influence Other States
States across the country are waiting for the Supreme Court’s ruling on Arizona’s controversial immigration law before implementing their own anti-immigrant measures. “We’re getting our national network ready to run with the ball, and saturate state legislatures with versions of the law,” says William Gheen, President of Americans for Legal Immigration. “We believe we can […]
Filed Under: Immigration Tagged With: Alabama, Americans for Legal Immigration, Arizona, Clarissa Martinez, Hispanic, Immigration, Latino, National Council of La Raza, SB1070, Supreme Court, William Gheen | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11198 | {"url": "https://www.latinovations.com/tag/americans-for-legal-immigration/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.latinovations.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:03:14Z", "digest": "sha1:WXLXJ7B7D7B3K6D5UABJOGU7XQJJ6JXG"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 723, 723.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 723, 2698.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 723, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 723, 72.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 723, 0.86]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 723, 294.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 723, 0.26470588]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 723, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 723, 0.06020067]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 723, 0.08528428]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 723, 0.14046823]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 723, 0.01470588]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 723, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 723, 0.21323529]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 723, 0.70873786]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 723, 5.80582524]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 723, 0.00735294]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 723, 4.13072449]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 723, 103.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 66, 0.0], [66, 140, 0.0], [140, 519, 0.0], [519, 723, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 66, 0.0], [66, 140, 0.0], [140, 519, 0.0], [519, 723, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 66, 10.0], [66, 140, 11.0], [140, 519, 56.0], [519, 723, 26.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 66, 0.0], [66, 140, 0.05479452], [140, 519, 0.0], [519, 723, 0.02083333]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 66, 0.0], [66, 140, 0.0], [140, 519, 0.0], [519, 723, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 66, 0.09090909], [66, 140, 0.13513514], [140, 519, 0.03166227], [519, 723, 0.12254902]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 723, -9.06e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 723, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 723, 0.00014818]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 723, -78.52219057]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 723, 9.21119162]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 723, -51.58962948]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 723, 3.0]]} |
©2002 Laudemont Ministries
The Israelite Festivals and the Christian Calendar
This study discusses the biblical festival calendar, and explores how the annual feasts of Israel might shed light on the Christian year. In addition, it advocates the restoration of aspects of the biblical calendar in the worship of evangelical churches. Topics covered are these:
The Frontier Origins of Evangelical Worship
Revival of the Church Year in Protestantism
Why People Need Festivals
Which Calendar of Festivals?
The Cycle of Israelite Festivals
Features of the Festivals of Israel
The Issue of Relevance
Historical Significance of the Festivals
Prophetic Significance of the Festivals
Experiential Significance of the Festivals
Applying the Biblical Festivals in the Church Year
Many evangelical Christian churches originated in movements stemming from the great revivals of the nineteenth century on the North American frontier, revivals that sought to address the often dismal state of personal and community life resulting from isolation from the settled coastal regions with their established institutions of culture, including the churches. As it developed in the frontier environment, worship was preaching-oriented, focused on the individual hearer's decision to accept the salvation Christ offers and to reorder his life in commitment to the Lord.
In such a setting, the historic liturgies of the church, as they had evolved in the Old World, were devalued or unknown, except by congregations whose identity remained tied to ethnic origins in Great Britain or the European continent. Frontier worship retained congregational singing, especially as a prelude to the "main event" of the sermon. But many other features of traditional worship were lost, such as corporate dialogue and response, formal prayer, frequent observance of Holy Communion, a lectionary of Scripture readings and the cycle of annual festivals. Observance of holidays ("holy days") and seasons in the church year was, in fact, one of the practices shunned by the Congregational churches of New England as being without Scriptural warrant, and the influence of this Calvinist stricture was pervasive amongst groups newly forming on the expanding Western frontier. It was therefore left to those churches that retained their Old World identities — Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Anglican, Orthodox — to preserve the traditional church year, beginning with Advent and Christmas and continuing through Epiphany, Lent, Holy Week, Easter and Pentecost.
With increasing urbanization and improved travel and communication, however, North American culture grew more sophisticated, turning away from the rustic frontier heritage and back toward European models. This trend affected the revival-spawned churches along with all other institutions. The major festivals of the historic Christian year began to find their way back into Protestant worship together with organs, Gothic-influenced architecture, choirs and other features associated with Old World Christendom. Thus, the celebration of Christ's birth, his crucifixion, and his resurrection emerged as the liturgical core of a cycle of annual events in Protestant worship that also came to include, in the United States, popular and civil events such as Thanksgiving, Mother's Day and Independence Day.
The frontier preaching-service model still pervades the worship style of most Protestant congregations, despite the widespread transition to a praise-and-worship musical style that tends to promote more congregational involvement. But in both "main line" Protestant churches and, more recently, self-consciously "evangelical" denominations, a revival of concern for the fuller content of the Christian year has led to the more widespread observance of Advent, Lent, Palm Sunday Holy Week, Pentecost, All Saints Day and other traditional observances. [ Return to index of topics ]
The restoration of the Christian cycle of annual festivals in evangelical worship is a response to a deeply felt human need. The desire for festivity and ceremony seems to be bound into the makeup of human personality and culture (see the Laudemont Press publication Processions of God: The Significance of Ceremony ). All societies develop ceremonies or the equivalent of "holy days" to mark important events and significant passages of life. Only in the modern West have holidays chiefly come to signify, for many people, a "vacation" from work. In earlier cultures, holidays or annual festivals fulfilled a significant role in the life of a community. Carmine di Sante, in Jewish Prayer,1 outlines several functions that festivals perform in community life. Reviewing di Sante's outline, we add some observations:
Festivals reaffirm the basic goodness of life, challenging the deprivation and hardship that come from entrenched social evil. Perhaps this is why the concept of "feast" or "festival" has so little relevance in prosperous and technologically advanced Western culture, which shields itself from the negative factors that have historically beset the human condition.
Festivals are community celebrations of the positive aspects of life, not in a conceptual but in a corporeal way. That is, a feast is marked by the enjoyment of physical benefits such as food and drink, which are shared with other members of the community and especially those less fortunate. Perhaps one reason why "holy days" were rejected by some Protestant traditions was the way in which these traditions so spiritualized the Christian faith so that it became an individualistic "head trip" and lost many of its community associations.
Festivals assert a sacred origin for the worth assigned to the human person. Human life has meaning not because it is subjectively given meaning by each individual, but because it is founded upon a sacred order that transcends the individual. Again, we see how the orientation of Western culture — which exalts the autonomous individual as the center of value — fails to appreciate the significance of festivity.2
Adding to di Sante's analysis, we note that the Bible itself, especially the Old Testament, provides ample evidence that the marking of special times and seasons is an activity that enjoys the blessing of the Creator. The New Testament records that both Jesus and the apostle Paul took part in certain events of the Jewish religious calendar. The distinctiveness of "sacred time" is part of a Christian identity in a culture increasingly hostile or indifferent to the faith. And no thoughtful observer can deny the value of observing the annual cycle of events in the life of Christ as a way to participate in that history through which God has worked out his plan for the redemption of his lost creation. All of these reasons support the thrust for the restoration of the historic Christian calendar in the worship of evangelical churches. [ Return to index of topics ]
But for evangelical Christians, who believe that the life and faith of the church needs to be ordered primarily through biblical norms and directives, the reviving emphasis on the traditional liturgical year can be problematic. The Puritan theologians correctly understood that the many "saints' days" that had proliferated in the Medieval church had no foundation in Scripture. They also realized that even the most popular events of the traditional church calendar — Christmas and Easter — were not based upon biblical models. While they are founded on events in the life of Jesus, there is no New Testament directive to celebrate them as annual festivals. Their restoration in Protestant evangelical worship came not as the result of theological reflection on biblical teaching or the human need for rites and ceremonies, but "by popular demand" in imitation of practices retained by seemingly more sophisticated Old World communities. By extension, the same can be said for most of the elements in the annual cycle of the Christian year.
An additional issue, for those who believe that Scripture should serve as the basis for worship practices in the church, is the well-documented postbiblical and largely pagan origin of some of the major Christian festivals. There are several ways in which evangelicals might respond to this finding. First, we could abandon the observance of annual festivals and special days, as did the Puritans and as do today's Jehovah's Witnesses and others. The result might be an austere, colorless religion without festivity and times of high celebration. Would some worship leaders and church musicians lose their jobs without Christmas programs or Easter pageants to prepare? Second, we might attempt to restore and focus on the Christian significance of these holidays — the "put Christ back into Christmas" approach. This is probably the answer of most churches, but does it sufficiently reestablish the Scriptures as the foundation for Christian worship?3
There is another answer, which is to allow the worship practices of Israel to inform our Christian celebration. For the Bible itself provides a cycle of annual observances that are commended to the people of God: the festal calendar of ancient Israel. Through these festivals, the people are reminded of the saving acts of the Lord that brought forth the community of faith. And through these festivals, the worshiper becomes a participant in those events, as the story is retold and celebrated in acts of worship, symbolic actions, sacred meals and community gatherings.
It is a strange phenomenon that, in the desire to restore a liturgical calendar to evangelical worship, more consideration is not given to the of Bible's own mandate for such a calendar. This study is written to stimulate such consideration. It should be possible to observe the events of the Christian calendar in a way that takes into account the spiritual or theological significance of the corresponding Israelite feasts — and to restore in Christian practice those biblical celebrations that have been neglected. [ Return to index of topics ]
But why should the church pay attention to festivals that are mandated in the Torah, the Law of Moses? The apostle Paul states that "Christ is the end of the law, that every one who has faith may be justified" (Rom. 10:4). Many Christians would agree that, although the moral law of the Old Testament Scripture has not been set aside, the "ceremonial law" with its regulations for ritual and sacrifice no longer applies. It is understood to be a "type" or prophetic pointer to Christ's sacrifice on the cross, and that sacrifice "once for all" has rendered the old rites unnecessary.
Further, if we hold the "dispensationalist" view that the church is an interruption or parenthesis in God's plan for his people Israel — a plan to be resumed after the church is taken up in a last-days "rapture" — then the Hebrew Scriptures with their ceremonial regulations will be understood to have a reduced relevance for the church, since it is not identical with the Israel of the old covenant.
Let us take up these questions in reverse order. The dispensational understanding of the church, which separates it from Israel as belonging to a different administration or dispensation of God's grace, is a relatively recent innovation in Christian theology. The historic view sees the church as the continuation of Israel, the inheritor of the covenant and promises made to the people of God in the Old Testament. This view is fully consistent with the New Testament, for the apostles certainly understood that those who acknowledged Messiah Jesus were the truly faithful to God's covenant, whereas those who rejected him were the unfaithful. It is the Christian or Messianic community which is, as Paul says, "the Israel of God" (Gal. 6:16). This understanding renders the Hebrew Scriptures highly relevant to Christian worship.
As to the first question, to say that "Christ is the end of the law" does not mean that he ends the law, but rather that he fulfills it. All the promises to Israel are completed or summed up in Christ (2 Cor. 1:20; Heb. 6:12) and in his church. Faithfulness to Christ requires that we pay attention to the Scriptures which, in their totality, speak of him and which he, the risen Lord, commends to his followers (Luke 24:27).
With this in mind, we turn to a discussion of the Israelite festivals and their significance for the faith and worship of the Christian community. [ Return to index of topics ]
Three Annual Feasts. The cycle of festivals celebrated by Israel is laid out in several passages in the Pentateuch in which the Lord gives to Moses the instructions for their observance (Exod. 23:14-17, Exod. 34:18-23, Lev. 23, Num. 28—29, and Deut. 16:1-17.) These passages mandate three annual feasts on which all Israelite males are to appear "before the Lord," at the central sanctuary:
Passover (pesach), in the spring (the "first month")4
Harvest or Weeks (shavuot), seven weeks later
Ingathering or Booths (sukkot), in the fall
For the texts that give the directives for these annual festivals, see the chart The Festivals of Israel: Biblical Sources in Parallel on this web site.
The feasts of Israel were not one-day events, but extended times of sacred remembrance, pilgrimage and celebration. Passover begins with the observance of the pesach meal, in commemoration of the haste of Israel's departure from Egypt. But this is followed on the next day by the seven-day period of Unleavened Bread, ending with the observance of First Fruits when the beginning of the harvest and the firstborn of the flocks were offered to the Lord. The convocation of the Feast of Weeks came at the end of the spring harvest. The fall festival begins, according to Leviticus, with the Feast of Trumpets summoning to people to holy convocation on the first day of the month. The tenth day is the Day of Atonement (Yom Qippur), with the Feast of Booths beginning on the fifteenth day and lasting for a week. This festival is also called the Feast of Ingathering, a time of rejoicing in the bounty of harvest. Leviticus and Numbers further describe various offerings and sacrifices that are to be presented during the three festivals.
The Sabbath, a day of rest from work, was not the focal point of Israelite worship. It was a weekly observance (the name means "seventh") that became more important in the Judaism of the period after the Babylonian Exile, as the day on which the community assembled for the study of the Torah and for prayer.
The "Day of the Lord." The Pentateuch makes it clear that observance of the festival calendar was commanded for Israel by the Lord, as a means by which the community was to maintain its obligation to the Sovereign who had graciously granted the people his covenant. Nevertheless, the prophets of Israel voiced the Lord's displeasure with a shallow and casual observance of the festivals that failed to reveal any deep attachment to Yahweh's covenant, and ignored widespread injustice within the community of his people. The words of Amos are especially forceful:
I hate, I despise your feasts, and I take no delight in your solemn assemblies. Even though you offer me your burnt offerings and cereal offerings, I will not accept them, and the peace offerings of your fatted beasts I will not look upon. Take away from me the noise of your songs; to the melody of your harps I will not listen. But let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream. Did you bring to me sacrifices and offerings the forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel? (Amos 5:21-25)
What is remarkable about this passage is that Amos does not refer, in this context, to any of the feasts of Israel as listed in the liturgical calendars. Instead, he refers to an event known as the "Day of the Lord":
Woe to you who desire the day of the Lord! Why would you have the day of the Lord? It is darkness, and not light; as if a man fled from a lion, and a bear met him; or went into the house and leaned with his hand against the wall, and a serpent bit him. Is not the day of the Lord darkness, and not light, and gloom with no brightness in it? (Amos 5:18-20)
At first glance the expression "Day of the Lord" might seem to refer to the final judgment when Yahweh's justice will be enacted. However, some scholars have proposed that the Day of the Lord is actually the name of an annual festival. The Norwegian scholar Sigmund Mowinckel suggested it was Israel's new year's festival, a celebration of the enthronement of Yahweh as the great King of his covenant community. Other authorities, such as Artur Weiser, have followed his lead, with variations. Mowinckel based his monumental discussion of the Book of Psalms5 on the concept of Yahweh's enthronement, and related many of the Psalms to aspects of this hypothetical rite.6 [ Return to index of topics ]
The festivals of Israel share these common traits of feasts, as described above, but also reveal some features that apply especially to the religion of Israel. These are some characteristics of the biblical feasts, taken as a whole.
An Agricultural Base. The Israelite feasts are memorials of the saving events through which the Lord delivered and established his people, but they are also tied into the rhythm of agriculture. In the ancient cycle of the eastern Mediterranean climate, there is a spring planting accompanied by the birth of new flocks, and then a spring harvest prior to the hot and dry summer. With the return of rain in the fall, there is a second planting and harvest. The festal cycle corresponds to the agricultural cycle.
Historicization. At the same time, the Israelite festivals have been historicized. They are linked to the events of salvation history, Israel's deliverance from bondage and the establishment of Yahweh's covenanted community. They re-present these saving events through reenactment in later generations (eating the Passover hastily, ready to depart immediately; living in shelters or "booths" in the open fields). They are occasions in which the worshiper in every generation is made a part of the original saving events through which the Lord has made himself known. Their purpose is expressed by Moses in his words to Israel before the entrance into Canaan: "Not with our fathers did the Lord make this covenant, but with us, who are all of us here alive this day" (Deut. 5:3). The historicization of the agricultural festivals was Israel's answer to the Canaanite cults, which while celebrating the same agricultural festivals related them instead to the cycles of fertility and death, with corresponding debauched rituals that included cultic prostitution and human sacrifice.
God's Ownership of Time. The festivals qualify time as belonging to the Lord. His commandments govern the rhythm of the year, and the festivals are a recurring reminder of his dominion over not only the worshiping community but also of his land, his creation. In biblical perspective, time is not only elapsed time (chronos) but qualitative time (kairos), the "right" time or the "fullness" of time. Time is defined not only by its duration but by its content, and the festivals proclaim that the Lord is the author of that content.
Yahweh's Dominion. Therefore the festivals are reminders of the dominion of the Lord over his creation and of the covenant relationship he, as the great King, has granted his servants in calling them forth to be a people. Ruling with Yahweh and mediating his dominion over the earth (Gen. 1:27-28; Rev. 20:6) was the vocation of God's people.
You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles' wings and brought you to myself. Now therefore, if you will obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my own possession among all peoples; for all the earth is mine, and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. These are the words which you shall speak to the children of Israel" (Exod. 19:4-6).
Celebrating the kingship of Yahweh was therefore an important component of the festivals, as reflected in several of the Psalms:
Clap your hands, all peoples! Shout to God with loud songs of joy!
For the Lord, the Most High, is terrible, a great king over all the earth.
He subdued peoples under us, and nations under our feet.
He chose our heritage for us, the pride of Jacob whom he loves. Selah
God has gone up with a shout, the Lord with the sound of a trumpet.
Sing praises to God, sing praises! Sing praises to our King, sing praises!
For God is the king of all the earth; sing praises with a psalm!
God reigns over the nations; God sits on his holy throne.
The princes of the peoples gather as the people of the God of Abraham.
For the shields of the earth belong to God; he is highly exalted! (Psa. 47:1-9)
The festivals, especially the Day of the Lord or perhaps the Feast of Tabernacles, may have included a procession of the ark of the covenant into the sanctuary. The ark was the symbol of Yahweh's rule as King or leader in battle. It was called his "footstool" and he was said to be invisibly enthroned "above the cherubim," the guardians of his throne (Psa. 80:1; Isa. 37:16). As Psalm 47 suggests, on the festival day God "went up with a shout," ascending the holy mountain to take his throne. Several other psalms suggest a procession of the ark to the sanctuary on Mount Zion.
Remember, O Lord, in David's favor, all the hardships he endured;
how he swore to the Lord and vowed to the Mighty One of Jacob,
"I will not enter my house or get into my bed;
I will not give sleep to my eyes or slumber to my eyelids,
until I find a place for the Lord, a dwelling place for the Mighty One of Jacob."
Lo, we heard of it in Ephrathah, we found it in the fields of Jaar.
"Let us go to his dwelling place; let us worship at his footstool!"
Arise, O Lord, and go to thy resting place, thou and the ark of thy might.
Let thy priests be clothed with righteousness, and let thy saints shout for joy (Psa. 132:1-9).
With mighty chariotry, twice ten thousand, thousands upon thousands, the Lord came from Sinai into the holy place.
Thou didst ascend the high mount, leading captives in thy train, and receiving gifts among men, even among the rebellious, that the Lord God may dwell there.
Blessed be the Lord, who daily bears us up; God is our salvation. Selah
Our God is a God of salvation; and to GOD, the Lord, belongs escape from death.
Thy solemn processions are seen, O God, the processions of my God, my King, into the sanctuary—
the singers in front, the minstrels last, between them maidens playing timbrels:
"Bless God in the great congregation, the Lord, O you who are of Israel's fountain!" (Psa. 68:17-18, 24-26)
Lift up your heads, O gates! and be lifted up, O ancient doors!
that the King of glory may come in.
Who is the King of glory?
The Lord, strong and mighty, the Lord, mighty in battle!
Who is this King of glory? The Lord of hosts, he is the King of glory! (Psa. 24:7-10)
The festivals commemorate the deliverance that Yahweh, the King, has accomplished for his people:
Sing aloud to God our strength; shout for joy to the God of Jacob!
Raise a song, sound the timbrel, the sweet lyre with the harp.
Blow the trumpet at the new moon, at the full moon, on our feast day.
For it is a statute for Israel, an ordinance of the God of Jacob.
He made it a decree in Joseph, when he went out over the land of Egypt. I hear a voice I had not known:
"I relieved your shoulder of the burden; your hands were freed from the basket" (Psa. 81:1-6).
In the Jerusalem temple, the official sanctuary of which faithful Judean kings were zealous guardians, the celebration of Yahweh's kingship and deliverance were often combined with the commemoration of his covenant with the Davidic ruler:
Righteousness and justice are the foundation of thy throne; steadfast love and faithfulness go before thee.
Blessed are the people who know the festal shout, who walk, O Lord, in the light of thy countenance,
who exult in thy name all the day, and extol thy righteousness.
For thou art the glory of their strength; by thy favor our horn is exalted.
For our shield belongs to the Lord, our king to the Holy One of Israel.
Of old thou didst speak in a vision to thy faithful one, and say: "I have set the crown upon one who is mighty, I have exalted one chosen from the people.
I have found David, my servant; with my holy oil I have anointed him;
so that my hand shall ever abide with him, my arm also shall strengthen him (Psa. 89:14-21).
The "festal shout" here is the teru'ah, not a vocal shout but the blast of the trumpet calling the people to the festivals. The term also refers to a battle-cry or war-cry that accompanies the attack of his victorious army or "host" (the significance of the term "Lord of hosts" or "Yahweh of armies"). We hear of the war-cry, for example, in Psalm 100:
Make a joyful noise [i.e., "raise a shout"] to the Lord, all the lands!
Serve the Lord with gladness! Come into his presence with singing! (Psa. 100:1-2)
Pilgrimages. The festivals were pilgrimages. They called the people to assemble at the sanctuary where, as a gathered community, they could reaffirm their corporate commitment to the Lord. The Psalms of Ascents provide a picture of the people going up to Zion in pilgrimage.
I was glad when they said to me, "Let us go to the house of the Lord!"
Our feet have been standing within your gates, O Jerusalem!
Jerusalem, built as a city which is bound firmly together,
to which the tribes go up, the tribes of the Lord, as was decreed for Israel, to give thanks to the name of the Lord. (Psa. 122:1-4)
Come, bless the Lord, all you servants of the Lord, who stand by night in the house of the Lord!
Lift up your hands to the holy place, and bless the Lord!
May the Lord bless you from Zion, he who made heaven and earth! (Psa. 134)
Suspension of the Normal. The festivals were times for "suspension of the rules." In a sense, they stood outside of "ordinary time" (to use the Christian phrase) so that they could be occasions for abandon and excess. People might behave during festivals in ways they would not normally behave. While this could have its immoral aspects in Israel, as with today's Mardi Gras (Judges 21:19-22), it also pointed to the numinous aspect of the experience of the presence of the Lord. The normal, rational act is not adequate to express one's sense of being touched by the life of the Holy. An atmosphere of joy or abandon is created that manifests itself in music, dance, procession, or other artistic activity as well as in the sharing of special food and drink. One of the Hebrew expressions for "celebrate a festival" is la'asot simchah (Nehemiah 8:12; 2 Chronicles 30:23), literally, "make joy." Psalm 68 offers a picture of a festival celebration:
"Bless God in the great congregation, the Lord, O you who are of Israel's fountain!"
There is Benjamin, the least of them, in the lead, the princes of Judah in their throng, the princes of Zebulun, the princes of Naphtali. (Psa. 68:25-27) [ Return to index of topics ]
In their application to the cycle of Christian worship, the festivals of Israel carry several levels of significance:
Prophetic significance
Experiential significance
The biblical feasts have, in the first instance, an historical significance. They are memorials or re-presentations of events that occurred in salvation history, as the Lord formed his covenant people through the deliverance from Egyptian slavery, the giving of the Law, and the wandering in the wilderness toward the land of promise. Through Christ we have entered into that history: it was his story, and if we are in him it is our story as well.
Passover. The festival of the first month commemorates the sacrifice of the lamb by whose blood the children of Israel were spared the plagues that fell upon Egypt, especially the death of the firstborn: "The blood shall be a sign for you, upon the houses where you are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague shall fall upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt" (Exod. 12:13). The feast of unleavened bread commemorates the haste with which the Israelites were to depart Egypt, with no time for their bread to rise. The Feast of First Fruits was commanded in association with the deliverance of the Exodus, but it looks forward to the first crop to be harvested in the promised land. The biblical chronology indicates that Passover was not consistently observed between the period of the Judges and the reform of Josiah (2 Kings 23:21-23).
Pentecost. The Feast of Weeks or Harvest (called Pentecost, from the Greek word for "fifty days" because it occurs seven weeks after Passover) was also a remembrance of the deliverance from Egypt. It carried a special emphasis on compassion for those who have a lesser position in the social order, such as foreigners, slaves, widows, orphans, the poor, and the Levites who had no tribal territory of their own but lived among the other tribes. It was a festival emphasizing justice, because "you shall remember that you were a slave in Egypt" (Deut. 16:12). Perhaps because of the Torah's concern justice for the oppressed, Pentecost became in Judaism a festival that commemorated the giving of the Law on Mount Sinai.
The Feast of Tabernacles. Like the other biblical feasts, Tabernacles, at the end of the cycle, was a remembrance of the formative events of Israel's history. Living in booths or shelters made from branches (not tents) was emblematic of the conditions of life in the wilderness, as Israel journeyed between deliverance and promise. In this sense Tabernacles is the least specific, most "open-ended" of the festivals, for it seems to be tied to hope for what is to come as much as to remembrance of things past.
The first part of the fall festival was the Feast of Trumpets, when the people were summoned into a holy convocation. Ten days later comes the Day of Atonement, when the high priest was to make atonement ("covering") for the people through the ceremony of the two goats. One goat was offered in sacrifice, while the other was driven out into the desert as the "scapegoat" bearing away the sins of the people (Lev. 16). Only on this day did the high priest enter the Most Holy Place, or inner sanctuary containing the Ark of the Covenant with its guardian cherubim. Here the priest brought the blood of the sacrifice, to make atonement for the sanctuary itself, set amidst a sinful people. Following the Day of Atonement came the Feast of Ingathering, when the people were to live in shelters in the fields during the fall harvest. In the renewal of the covenant under Ezra, the Feast of Tabernacles was revived as a time for the reading of the Torah (Neh. 8:14-18). [ Return to index of topics ]
The biblical festivals have a prophetic significance, or a significance of correspondence. That is, the three feasts of Israel, in retrospect, have a correspondence to the ministry of Jesus Christ, the emergence of the new community of faith in Christ, and to a degree the worship calendar of the Christian church.
Passover. Taken as a whole, Passover is the re-presentation of the Exodus event. Therefore, its components correspond to the events of our deliverance in the passion and resurrection of Christ. The lamb of the Passover meal, an "unblemished male," points to the sacrifice of "the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world" (John 1:29). A sacrifice is costly; in a sacrifice the perfect takes the place of the imperfect. "For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God" (2 Cor. 5:21).
The Feast of Unleavened bread starts immediately after Passover. Prophetically, the bread speaks of Christ's body broken for us on the cross. Breaking the loaf at the last supper, Jesus declares, "This is my body given for you" (Luke 22:19). However, it does not seem that the unleavened bread of the Passover had a specific relation to the New Testament understanding of the Lord's Supper, but rather to the broader question of the Christian life (1 Cor. 5:7-8, see footnote 7 below).
The festival of First Fruits included the offering of the sheaf of grain from the first of the harvest (Lev. 23:9-11), an offering that would be accepted in behalf of the entire harvest. The connection of First Fruits with Passover is a reminder that the ultimate goal of the deliverance of the Exodus was not to wander about in the wilderness but to possess the land of promise. Indeed, the period of wandering came because of unbelief, as an interruption in what the Lord had in mind for his people (Num. 14:1-35). The first fruits are offered to the Lord specifically to acknowledge his gift of the land (Deut. 26:1-ll).
In the New Testament, the life of the resurrection — the life that comes through the gift of the Spirit of Christ (Rom. 8:23) — is compared with the land that was promised to Israel (Gal. 3:14; Eph. 3:6). By correspondence, the festival of First Fruits speaks of the resurrection of Christ, an association that Paul makes explicit: "But in fact Christ has been raised from the dead, the first fruits of those who have fallen asleep" (1 Cor. 15:20). In addition, First Fruits speaks of the resurrection life of all those who belong to Christ: "For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive. But each in his own order: Christ the first fruits, then at his coming those who belong to Christ" (1 Cor. 15:22-23). In a more exact sense, the "first fruits" of the resurrection were the first generation of Christian believers, whose entry into the life of the resurrection heralded what was to be multiplied as the gospel of Christ reaped its harvest across the earth (Jas.1:18; Rev. 14:4).
In the thinking of many Christians it seems that Passover is equated with the Lord's Supper, and therefore especially with the Christian observance of Maundy Thursday, because it was on the occasion of the Passover that Jesus instituted the ordinance (Luke 22:7-22).7 However, in the thought of the ancient church it is not the Last Supper that corresponds to Passover, but Christ's triumph over death in his cross and resurrection. This is evident in the name Pascha (derived from the Hebrew name for Passover) or some variant thereof that is applied to the celebration of the resurrection in many languages.8 Christ's victory over death in our behalf is viewed as the liberating event that corresponds to the Exodus from Egypt. This is made explicit on some of the Easter hymnody of earlier centuries:
Come, ye faithful, raise the strain of triumphant gladness;
God hath brought his Israel into joy from sadness;
Loosed from Pharaoh's bitter yoke Jacob's sons and daughters;
Led them with unmoistened foot through the Red Sea waters.
'Tis the spring of souls today; Christ hath burst his prison,
And from three days' sleep in death, as a sun hath risen.
All the winter of our sins, long and dark, is flying
From his light, to whom we give laud and praise undying.
(John of Damascus, 8th Century; trans. John Mason Neale, 1818-1866)
The Lamb's high banquet called to share, arrayed in garments white and fair,
The Red Sea past, we now would sing to Jesus our triumphant King.
Protected in the Paschal night from the destroying angel's might,
In triumph went the ransomed free from Pharaoh's cruel tyranny.
Now Christ our Passover is slain, the Lamb of God without a stain;
His flesh, the true unleavened bread, is freely offered in our stead.
O All-sufficient Sacrifice, beneath thee hell defeated lies;
Thy captive people are set free, and endless life restored in thee.
All praise be thine, O risen Lord, from death to endless life restored;
All praise to God the Father be and Holy Ghost eternally.
(Latin, 7th-8th century; trans. John Mason Neale and others; Hymnal 1982 No. 202)
Pentecost. This festival of the biblical calendar is the one observance that has been taken over by name from Judaism into Christianity, though with a different meaning. Easter (Pascha) and Pentecost were the first two major holidays of the Christian calendar, before the appearance of Christmas or Nativity. In Judaism, Pentecost commemorated the giving of the Law on Mount Sinai, but it became the occasion of the coming of the Holy Spirit upon the apostles (Acts 2). Pentecost, as a festival of the Law, could be the background for Paul's words, "There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set me free from the law of sin and death" (Rom. 8:1-2).
The Feast of Tabernacles. This biblical feast has, unaccountably, no corresponding Christian festival. However, the various themes of the feast of the seventh month do correspond to some types of Christian observances. The trumpets call the people into holy convocation, a day of rest. In the rites of the Day of Atonement, the high priest "shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of the people of Israel, and all their transgressions, all their sins; and he shall put them upon the head of the goat, and send him away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who is in readiness" (Lev. 16:20-21). The act of laying the hand over the "scapegoat" to convey the sins of the people points to the cross of Christ, "the Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world." The gesture is perpetuated in the consecration of the Eucharist when the priest lays his hands over the bread and the cup.
The Feast of Ingathering is the time when the harvest is brought in; prophetically it points to the gathering of the nations into a kingdom of priests to the Lord, as portrayed in the vision of John: "And they sang a new song, saying, 'Worthy art thou to take the scroll and to open its seals, for thou wast slain and by thy blood didst ransom men for God from every tribe and tongue and people and nation, and hast made them a kingdom and priests to our God, and they shall reign on earth'" (Rev. 5:9-10).
There is therefore an eschatological dimension to the Feast of Tabernacles, because it looks forward to the fulfillment of the kingdom of God: "And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached throughout the whole world, as a testimony to all nations; and then the end will come" (Jesus, in Matt. 24:14). The gathering of the harvest logically points to a fall festival (in the northern hemisphere) celebrating the ingathering of the fruits of the earth; our closest equivalent is the civil holiday of Thanksgiving. But because there is no historic Christian festival that corresponds to the Feast of Tabernacles, there is room for some liturgical creativity in the renewal of Christian worship. [ Return to index of topics ]
In addition to their historical associations and their prefiguring correspondence to themes of Christian faith and worship, the feasts of Israel have an experiential significance. They anticipate and signify various aspects of the spiritual experience of the Christian community.
Passover. The Passover celebration signifies our deliverance from judgment. Like the slain lamb of the Exodus meal, Christ on the cross is experienced as the sign that the Lord sees when he passes over the land for judgment — ''When I see the blood, I will pass over you." Those who are baptized into Christ understand that they are "delivered from the wrath to come" (1 Thess. 1:10), protected from the judgment about to fall upon the unfaithful, however we may understand this judgment.9 In this vein, Jesus taught his disciples to pray that they would not be subject to the testing of judgment (the true import of the petition in the Lord's Prayer, "Lead us not into temptation [peirasmos, testing]."
The Feast of Unleavened Bread speaks, experientially, of the cleansing or purification that comes with entrance into the life of Christ and separation from "the world." For the earliest Christians, this "world" was the symbol and value structure of ancient Judaism, the cultural environment out of which the Christian movement emerged. For Christians of twenty-first century Western civilization, "the world" will be the prevailing cultural environment that imposes its non-biblical perspective upon its victims.
"Leaven is a symbol for unseen influence, especially the influence of evil; fermentation was emblematic of a process of corruption. The leaven was capable of debasing and corrupting the mass of dough."10 Several types of corruption, symbolized by leaven, can be identified in the New Testament:
the leaven of the Pharisees (Matt. 16:6), a self-justifying or self-congratulatory attitude based on a sense of spiritual achievement
the leaven of the Sadducees (Matt. 16:6), a spirit of accommodation to political expediency and a formalistic approach to worship, as well as a disbelief in the Scripture and the resurrection (Jesus told them, "You know neither the scriptures nor the power of God," Matt. 22:29.)
The leaven of Herod (Mark 8:15), the crafty, self-protective, opportunistic mentality of a petty dictator (Jesus called him "that fox.")
the leaven of the Galatians (Gal. 5:9), a mixture of law and grace, attaching some special value to being Jewish (Paul calls it "another gospel," Gal. 1:7-8.)
the leaven of the Corinthians (1 Cor. 5:1, 6-8), an indifference to the moral requirements of life in the Kingdom.
Leaven stands for whatever twists, dilutes and destroys our walk with God. The Israelites in their escape from Egypt had no time for their bread to rise, and their haste speaks to us of the urgency of separation from the patterns of the old life that corrupt our Christian commitment. It is not only necessary to get ourselves out of Egypt, but also to "get the Egypt out of us" — to "escape from the corruption that is in the world because of passion, and become partakers of the divine nature" (2 Pet. 1:3-4).
The Feast of First Fruits, the last segment of the Passover sequence, looks forward to the entrance of the land of promise. Experientially it corresponds to our new birth in the kingdom of God through baptism into the death and resurrection of Jesus (Rom. 6:3-11). First Fruits speaks of the now of the resurrection life of the believer. Like Christ, those who are members of his body are also spoken of as "first fruits" (Jas 1:18; Rev. 14:4). For those who are "in Christ," there is already a new creation (2 Cor. 5:17), and in worship we acknowledge the Lord God who declares, "Behold, I make all things new" (Rev. 21:5). Charles Wesley captured the experiential component of First Fruits in this hymn:
Made like Him, like Him we rise;
Ours the cross, the grave, the skies!
Pentecost. Experientially, the feast of Pentecost signifies our being filled with the Holy Spirit in all that this entails:
the remembrance of what Christ has taught us (John 14:26)
the discernment of sin, righteousness and judgment at work in our culture (John 16:8-11)
empowerment for witness to the risen Christ (Acts 1:8)
boldness in proclaiming the gospel (Acts 4:31)
the exercise of various charismata or spiritual gifts (1 Cor. 12:7-10)
a continuous worship life of singing and thanksgiving to the Lord (Eph. 5:18-20)
a life steadfast in the virtues of godliness (Gal. 5:22-23).
In focusing on the virtuous Christian life, Pentecost can call us back to the emphasis of the Jewish festival on the giving of the law. In this instance the focus would be on the "law of Christ" (Gal. 6:2) the mutual burden-bearing and koinonia, or deeply sensed common life, within the community of the new covenant.
Pentecost also directs us to the unity of the church, for the apostles were "all together in one place" (Acts 2:1) when the Spirit came upon them. Experientially, we celebrate our oneness with brothers and sisters in Christ in other traditions. This unity prefigures the oneness of all peoples in the kingdom of God. Typologically, the event of Pentecost is the reversal of Babel, when people groups lost the ability to communicate with one another because of man's attempt to reach into the heavens, make a name for himself and usurp the position of God (Gen. 11:1). On the Day of Pentecost, speakers of diverse languages each heard the apostles "telling in our own tongues the mighty works of God" (Acts 2:11).
The Feast of Tabernacles. In its experiential significance, Tabernacles overlaps some of the themes of the other festivals, with their focus upon the Lord's deliverance of his people. At the Feast of Trumpets, the congregation is summoned into solemn convocation, just as the gospel summons people to reflect with sober assessment upon the state of their lives and their standing with the Lord. The rites of the Day of Atonement (Yom Qippur) resonate with our experience of the atonement of Christ, whose death on the cross provides a "covering" Hebrew qippur) over that sin which separates us from our Father.
The rubric for the feast is given in Leviticus 23:42-43: "You shall dwell in booths for seven days; all that are native in Israel shall dwell in booths, that your generations may know that I made the people of Israel dwell in booths when I brought them out of the land of Egypt: I am the Lord your God." The booth, or sukkah, is a temporary dwelling made of branches cut from the trees and bushes at hand. The custom of dwelling in sukkot was reminiscent of the temporary shelters of the wilderness, a reminder that Israel was a pilgrim people on the way between deliverance and destiny, between promise and fulfillment. Experientially this is the situation of the Christian worshiper and his community. While knowing the redemption of Christ, believers still await the consummation of the purpose of God in their lives, and the greater fulfillment of God's purpose in the ingathering of many peoples into his presence.
Jesus gave further significance to the Feast of Tabernacles when he attended the feast himself, as recorded in the Gospel of John. As practiced in Judaism, the festival included a rite in which the high priest drew water from the Pool of Siloam and poured it out in the temple courtyard. This rite is the background for Jesus' words on this occasion:
On the last day of the feast, the great day, Jesus stood up and proclaimed, "If any one thirst, let him come to me and drink. He who believes in me, as the scripture has said, 'Out of his heart shall flow rivers of living water.'" Now this he said about the Spirit, which those who believed in him were to receive; for as yet the Spirit had not been given, because Jesus was not yet glorified (John 7:37-39).
The Feast of Tabernacles therefore speaks of the experience of being filled with the Holy Spirit, and of the outflow of life from the believer, and from the entire Christian community, that is the work of the glorified Christ in our midst.
An Experiential Progression. It is worth noting that, taken in sequence, the feasts of Israel outline a spiritual progression in the Christian life. The theme of progression is a scriptural motif; Jesus speaks, for example, of the Word going forth with a fruit of thirtyfold, sixtyfold and a hundredfold (Mark 4:20); the kingdom appears like the produce of the earth, "first the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear" (Mark 4:28). In the same way our Christian life moves through the cycle of the feasts to a greater maturity. We escape the bondage of a sinful culture through response to Christ's Passover sacrifice in our behalf. We repent of our sin and seek the cleansing of "the old leaven." We are baptized into Christ, the "first fruits" together with him of the resurrection life. We experience the Pentecostal infilling for Spirit-led witness and maturity in the Christian walk. Continuing on the pilgrim way of our Feast of Tabernacles, we anticipate "the great day of the feast," the ingathering of the Lord's harvest in his proper time for us and for all peoples. [ Return to index of topics ]
The traditional seasons and festivals are grounded in the gospel proclamation or kerygma of Jesus' advent, passion, resurrection and sending of the Spirit - the "salvation history" of the Christian community. Ideally, the traditional calendar is a vehicle through which worshipers today may enter into those redemptive events and absorb them in their own experience.
An Issue for Evangelicals. At the beginning of this study, however, we suggested that the practice of the historic Christian calendar creates certain issues for evangelical churches and their worship leaders. For Christians who believe that the scope of Holy Scripture should set the framework for the church's worship life, as well as every other aspect of Christian life and perspective, there is a certain disconnect in the focus upon a calendar of special events and observances not fully based on biblical directives or precedents. This is especially the case when the Bible itself offers an alternative festival calendar, only partly coincident with the traditional Christian year, with holy days that were kept by Jesus Christ and his apostles as the community of the new covenant was taking shape within the matrix of the ancient Jewish world.
Observance of a particular sequence of holy days certainly does not determine a worshiper's standing before the Lord, as the apostle Paul makes clear:
One man esteems one day as better than another, while another man esteems all days alike. Let every one be fully convinced in his own mind. He who observes the day, observes it in honor of the Lord. He also who eats, eats in honor of the Lord, since he gives thanks to God; while he who abstains, abstains in honor of the Lord and gives thanks to God (Rom. 14:5-6).
The fundamental issue is whether, in observing or not observing a festival or special day, our purpose is the "give thanks" to the Lord — which, in the biblical sense, means to acknowledge him as our Sovereign and pledge our commitment to him. Nevertheless, festivity and celebration are activities common to all human cultures, part of the "cement" that holds a community together. It would be ironic if a segment of the Christian community were to refuse the benefit of this bonding agent within its own corporate life while its members continued to accept its benefit in their other associations: family, employment, the nation, the world of sport or other personal interest group. And, if special days are going to be observed anyway, it would be ironic if evangelical Christians continued to ignore the very ones mandated in Scripture in favor of a sequence of festivals originating elsewhere.
Non-Biblical Festivals. This study is not suggesting the abandonment of well-established Christian observances. Any proposal to abandon these festivals is not likely to gain much acceptance. Christmas has become so embedded in the commercial and social life of North America, and so identified with secondary themes such as entertaining children or promoting international peace, that it is difficult to renew it for any role in the celebration of salvation history. Originating in a Roman winter solstice festival on December 25, the Natalis Solis Invicti, it began to be adapted by Christians to celebrate the nativity of Christ in the fourth century, although theologians objected that it led to confusion of Christ with the sun god. Despite its pagan background and cultural bondage, most churches will have no choice but to continue to celebrate Christmas, attempting to focus on its incarnational theology and perhaps highlighting the themes of preparation and penitence during the preceding Advent season. But the effort to recapture Christmas for the Christian perspective is hindered by the fact that there is no biblical directive or precedent for a celebration of the birth of Jesus.
On a lesser scale, the same is true for Halloween, the eve of All Saints Day, a season also lacking a scriptural precedent and which has been co-opted by symbolism of witchcraft and the occult. A common response of evangelical churches has been to provide alternative events, especially for children, that eliminate the anti-Christian elements. Protestant churches also have the opportunity to make the season a remembrance of the gains of the Reformation, for it was on October 31, 1517, that Martin Luther launched his program for the renewal of the church.
But our focus is on the value of the biblical cycle of festivals in the renewal of Christian worship. Where the events of the Christian calendar correspond to the biblical feasts, these feasts can inform and shape the Christian observance, according to their historical, prophetic and experiential significance as discussed above.
Passover/Pascha. As we have seen, the correspondence between Passover and Pascha (Easter) is well established in the history of Christian worship. Drawing from this correspondence, the Christian celebration of the Lord's resurrection would focus on themes that harmonize with the elements of the Passover cycle: God's creation of a new people who have passed through the judgment by the blood of the Lamb, his victory over evil and the insidious leaven of a death-dealing culture, the new life in Christ that constitutes the first fruits of a greater reality now appearing.
Pentecost. Anciently established in Christian tradition, Pentecost has been neglected in many circles. It could be revived, in evangelical worship, in witness not only to the coming of the Holy Spirit upon the church, but also to the torah of Christ, the mandate for maturity in the walk with God, and also to the unity of the body of Christ worldwide.
The Feast of Tabernacles. For most Christians, Tabernacles or Booths is the missing link in the chain of biblical festivals, for it has no equivalent in the traditional calendar. Worship leaders could give serious thought to developing an annual fall or harvest festival marked by the spirited celebration of the glory and dominion of the Lord, both now and to come. Congregations individually or in local groups could revive this biblical festival as a means of outreach to the larger culture, especially through the fine arts, in celebrating the biblical vision for the world mission of the gospel of Jesus Christ. A model along these lines has been established by the International Christian Embassy with its annual celebration of the Christian Feast of Tabernacles in Jerusalem, a festival marked by music, dance and pageantry. Since 1980 it has become a pilgrimage feast for Christians from many nations around the globe who assemble each year in Zion.
The Day of the Lord. "Yahweh's Day" may have been a festival celebrating the enthronement of Yahweh as King and Sovereign over his covenant people. If so, the concept of "the Day of the Lord" transfers readily to the Christian observance of the Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection, in token that "God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified" (Acts 2:36). In this sense, every Sunday worship time celebrates the presence and dominion of "the Lord God the Almighty and the Lamb" (Rev. 21:22).
A specific feast of "Christ the King" was proclaimed by Pope Pius XI in 1925, and assigned to the last Sunday of October. Subsequently it was adopted in the liturgical year of some North American Protestant denominations, where at one time it was observed on the last Sunday of August to introduce a new season called Kingdomtide. In the United States this was an appropriate time for a festival proclaiming the dominion of Christ over all areas of life, for the succeeding months include national holidays such as Labor Day, Veterans Day and Thanksgiving, as well as presidential and congressional elections. The move back toward the traditional Christian year resulted in the disappearance of Kingdomtide and a de-emphasis on the festival of Christ the King, which was moved by some denominations to the last Sunday of the liturgical year, before the season of Advent. If the Day of the Lord was also a new year's festival, as some biblical scholars have theorized, then it could appropriately precede the beginning of the Christian year. But (when observed in the fall) the new year for ancient Israel began earlier, in our September or October. Such a time is a more significant "new year" time for North American congregations, as church activities resume or intensify after the summer lull. In short, Kingdomtide and its inaugurating festival of Christ the King were a good and biblically grounded idea that was quashed by liturgical traditionalism.
Models for Celebration. The biblical festivals, as a whole, have a celebratory significance as models for the Christian observance of events in the church calendar. This significance is tied to their association with the agricultural cycle and the common life of the people of God. The understanding of what a biblical festival is, as suggested in the analyses in the earlier part of this study, might help evangelical congregations to appreciate and augment the "joyful" aspects of a Christian worship calendar. It might also help worshipers to experience the festivals as events that especially lift up the Lord's ownership of the earth's resources and of our time.
For Christians it is not really a question of reverting to the original forms of the feasts of Israel: a roasted lamb with bitter herbs, unleavened bread, a shock of grain, a goat driven into the desert, shelters in the fields — although some appropriate reenactments might have educational and re-presentational value. But when the feasts of Israel are allowed to inform a distinctively Christian shaping of the liturgical year, Christian worship will achieve greater conformity with what our covenant God has mandated in his Word, and Christian worshipers will enjoy an experience of heart and life that reflects the spiritual significance of these feasts.
"Christ our Passover has been sacrificed for us; therefore let us keep the feast."
[ Return to index of topics ]
1 Carmine di Sante, Jewish Prayer, trans. by Matthew J. O'Connell (Mahwah, N.J.: Paulist Press, 1991).
2 Ibid., pp. 190-192.
3 Churches in the Reformed tradition hold to the "regulative principle" of worship, in which New Testament is taken as the norm for Christian practice. Our view is that the "regulative principle" should be understood more broadly, according to what John Wesley called "the whole scope and tenor of Scripture." The New Testament church was a persecuted community that had to assemble furtively, without attracting the attention of hostile authorities. Under such conditions, Christians were not able to carry on the type of public worship that would have made greater use of precedents from the Old Testament. That the early church possessed a grander vision for the worship of "the Lord God and the Lamb" is evident from the descriptions of worship in the Revelation to John.
4 Apparently at certain times the new year was considered to begin in the spring, and at other times in the fall as with today's Jewish Rosh Hashanah or "head of the year" which occurs in September or October. The biblical sources reflect the variation. Passover (Unleavened Bread) occurs in Abib, which Leviticus calls "the first month." The rites associated with the Feast of Booths or Ingathering occur in what Leviticus calls "the seventh month," whereas Exodus refers to this time as "the end of the year."
5 Sigmund Mowinchkel, The Psalms in Israel's Worship, vols. I-II, trans. by D. R. Ap-Thomas (New York, Nashville: Abingdon, 1962).
6 The Book of Psalms does not explicitly mention the "Day of the Lord." It is possible that the "Day of the Lord" was another name for the fall festival, the Feast of Tabernacles, as celebrated in Jerusalem. This could have been the case during those periods when the new year was observed in the fall, rather than the spring.
7 Some evangelical churches have introduced a Passover Seder into the observance of Holy Week, complete with Jewish customs that come from later than New Testament times. In the practice of some churches, symbolism is attached to the matzah or unleavened bread; the striped appearance of the cracker is taken as emblematic of healing in the Lord's Supper, in accordance with Isaiah's words, "with his stripes we are healed" (Isa.. 53:5). But this is not a biblical correspondence, since it is based only on the modern appearance of the matzah. And although the phrase "Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us; therefore let us keep the feast" occurs in some liturgies of the Eucharist, Paul's saying really applies not to the Lord's Supper but to the entirety of the Christian life, a life of separation from the sinful condition of the old order out of which the church has emerged. This is clear from the context of Paul's remarks: "Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our paschal lamb, has been sacrificed. Let us, therefore, celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth" (1 Cor. 5:7-8). The rite of the Eucharist, as it developed from Jesus' words at the Last Supper, owes more to the Jewish ceremony of blessing after a family meal than to the context of the Passover in which Jesus instituted the ordinance, and it is a misunderstanding to link it to the symbolism of the Passover meal.
8 The name Easter derives from ancient pagan spring festivals of Europe.
9 This judgment may be taken as inherent in a person's rejection of the truth of Jesus Christ (John 3:19; Rom. 1:18, 2:5), as a final judgment upon one's death (Heb. 9:7), as a judgment upon a community that has rejected God's Messiah (Acts 17:31; Rev. 18:10), or as a future judgment upon a sinful and ungodly world, whether historical or cosmic (2 Pet. 3:7). Actually, in the New Testament these themes all overlap and refer to both the immediate and ultimate destiny of a culture, and its individual members, determined to turn away from the covenant offered by God in Jesus Christ.
10 Harrell F. 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DOUBT. The uncertainty which exists in relation to a fact, a proposition, or other thing; or it is an equipoise of the mind arising from an equality of contrary reasons. Ayl. Pand. 121.
2. The embarrassing position of a judge is that of being in doubt, and it is frequently the lot of the wisest and most enlightened to be in this condition, those who have little or no experience usually find no difficulty in deciding the most, problematical questions.
3. Some rules, not always infallible, have been adopted in doubtful cases, in order to arrive at the truth. 1. In civil cases, the doubt ought to operate against him, who having it in his power to prove facts to remove the doubt, has neglected to do so. In cases of fraud when there is a doubt, the presumption of innocence (q. v.) ought to remove it. 2. In criminal cases, whenever a reasonable doubt exists as to the guilt of the accused that doubt ought to operate in his favor. In such cases, particularly, when the liberty, honor or life of an individual is at stake, the evidence to convict ought to be clear, and devoid of all reasonable doubt. See Best on Pres. §195; Wils. on Cir. Ev. 26; Theory of Presumptive Proof, 64; 33 How. St. Tr. 506; Burnett, Cr. Law of Scotl. 522; 1 Greenl. Ev. §1 D'Aguesseau, Oeuvres, vol. xiii. p. 242; Domat, liv. 3, tit. 6.
4. No judge is presumed to have any doubt on a question of law, and he cannot therefore refuse to give a judgment on that account. 9 M. R. 355; Merlin, Repert. h. t.; Ayliffe's Pand. b. 2, t. 17; Dig. lib. 34, t. 5; Code, lib. 6, t. 38. Indeed, in some countries; in China, for example, ignorance of the law in a judge is punishable with blows. Penal Laws of China, B. 2, s. 61. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11200 | {"url": "https://www.law-dictionary.org/definitions-d/doubt.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.law-dictionary.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:55:30Z", "digest": "sha1:GYYEH7SIWZIBSIHMI2LPAQWIOHYTOVZH"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1698, 1698.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1698, 2007.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1698, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1698, 12.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1698, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1698, 224.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1698, 1.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1698, 0.35915493]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1698, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1698, 0.01568627]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1698, 0.01254902]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1698, 0.02980392]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1698, 0.01173709]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1698, 0.30985915]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1698, 0.5862069]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1698, 3.9968652]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1698, 4.81904994]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1698, 319.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 186, 1.0], [186, 455, 1.0], [455, 1320, 1.0], [1320, 1698, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 186, 0.0], [186, 455, 0.0], [455, 1320, 0.0], [1320, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 186, 33.0], [186, 455, 47.0], [455, 1320, 162.0], [1320, 1698, 77.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 186, 0.01694915], [186, 455, 0.00380228], [455, 1320, 0.03090235], [1320, 1698, 0.04985337]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 186, 0.0], [186, 455, 0.0], [455, 1320, 0.0], [1320, 1698, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 186, 0.04301075], [186, 455, 0.00371747], [455, 1320, 0.03121387], [1320, 1698, 0.03968254]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1698, 0.92613024]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1698, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1698, 0.27380323]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1698, 20.72495463]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1698, 1.27407768]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1698, 10.20063582]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1698, 54.0]]} |
INSTALMENT, contracts. A part of a debt due by contract, and agreed to be paid at a time different from that fixed for the, payment of the other part. For example, if I engage to pay you one thousand dollars, in two payments, one on the first clay of January, and the other on the first day of July, each of these payments or obligations to pay will be an instalment .
2. In such case each instalment is a separate debt so far that it may be tendered at any time, or the first may be sued for although the other shall not be due. Dane's Ab. vol. iii. ch. 93, art. 3, s. 11, page 493, 4; 1 Esp. R. 129; Id. 226; 3 Salk. 6, 18: Esp. R. 235; 1 Maule & Selw. 706. 3. A debtor who by failing to pay three instalments of rent due on a lease would forfeit his estate, may, in order to save it, tender one instalment to prevent the forfeiture, although there may be two due at the time, and he is not bound to tender both. 6 Toull. n. 688. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11201 | {"url": "https://www.law-dictionary.org/definitions-i/instalment.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.law-dictionary.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:07:44Z", "digest": "sha1:GKDM5CGSYMEDU3OTI6DAT7X4WR7ZBE74"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 931, 931.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 931, 1248.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 931, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 931, 10.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 931, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 931, 283.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 931, 0.4125]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 931, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 931, 0.03473227]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 931, 0.02894356]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 931, 0.025]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 931, 0.28333333]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 931, 0.59259259]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 931, 3.65608466]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 931, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 931, 4.48986974]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 931, 189.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 369, 1.0], [369, 931, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 369, 0.0], [369, 931, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 369, 71.0], [369, 931, 118.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 369, 0.0], [369, 931, 0.06321839]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 369, 0.0], [369, 931, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 369, 0.04065041], [369, 931, 0.02313167]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 931, 0.84843415]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 931, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 931, 0.04196548]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 931, -1.77761088]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 931, 0.85155382]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 931, -3.76930042]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 931, 24.0]]} |
TO PLEAD
TO PLEAD. The formal entry of the defendant's defence on the record. In a popular sense, it signifies the argument in a cause, but it is not so used by the profession. Steph. Pl. Appex. note I; Story, Eq. Pl. §5, note. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11202 | {"url": "https://www.law-dictionary.org/definitions-t/to-plead.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.law-dictionary.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:44:27Z", "digest": "sha1:4WL3LEWDDRCCCIG6QQTJ2JBGDTDWIPOM"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 227, 227.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 227, 532.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 227, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 227, 9.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 227, 0.83]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 227, 230.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 227, 0.31147541]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 227, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 227, 0.08284024]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 227, 0.08196721]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 227, 0.27868852]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 227, 0.75]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 227, 3.84090909]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 227, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 227, 3.38075213]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 227, 44.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 227, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 227, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 9, 2.0], [9, 227, 42.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 227, 0.00492611]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 227, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 9, 0.77777778], [9, 227, 0.0733945]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 227, 0.96525007]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 227, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 227, -8.58e-06]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 227, -1.17585988]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 227, 3.02910049]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 227, 1.20426466]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 227, 9.0]]} |
In LGBT rights debate, Pence urges lawmakers to guard religious freedom
Governor takes hard line in speech, cementing his conservative credentials as he prepares for re-election campaign.
Stephanie Wang, Chelsea Schneider, and Brian Eason
Taking a hard conservative line in Tuesday night's State of the State address, Gov. Mike Pence sided with shielding religious rights in the contentious statewide debate over whether to protect lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender Hoosiers from discrimination.
"I will not support any bill that diminishes the religious freedom of Hoosiers or that interferes with the constitutional rights of our citizens to live out their beliefs in worship, service or work," Pence said.
With his re-election bid looming, the Republican governor cemented his conservative credentials in the speech, also chiding President Barack Obama on gun rights and rejecting proposed tax increases for road improvements.
He touted an economically strong Indiana as the state approaches its bicentennial, praised Indiana's National Guard and lauded his HIP 2.0 Medicaid expansion. Pence also called for growing regional economic development, pausing school accountability and cracking down on drug dealers.
In the debate over LGBT rights, Pence stuck to his historically social conservative stance, delivering stern reminders to state lawmakers to heed the religious freedom protections written into the state's Constitution.
He asserted that Indiana is already "an open and welcoming state that respects everyone" and said he believes "that no one should be harassed or mistreated because of who they are, who they love, or what they believe."
"And," he added later, "no one should ever fear persecution because of their deeply held religious beliefs."
"The issues confronting our state are complex," Pence said, "but I believe if we will hew to our roots, stand firm on the freedoms bequeathed to us by our founders, if we confront the challenges before us with common sense and craft Indiana solutions to improve the lives of Hoosiers, we will move forward together."
Prepared speech: Gov. Mike Pence's 2016 State of the State address
Pence's statement on religious freedom was made, in part, to reclaim support from religious Hoosiers, political analysts say.
“He has chosen his side — the religious extremists. The people who really do not believe that gay and lesbian Hoosiers should be entitled to equal rights. And he is certainly entitled to do that, but I think politically it was suicide,” said Sheila Suess Kennedy, a professor at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis and former director of the Indiana Civil Liberties Union.
Paul Helmke, a former Republican mayor of Fort Wayne and now an Indiana University professor, said Pence was "trying to have it both ways."
“He clearly sides with the evangelical side of the issue, but I think he left the door open a little,” Helmke said. "I think it does put the business community on notice that he's leaning more the other way, but there's still possibly a chance they can get something through."
The way Pence handled the issue also sends a message that lawmakers will need to do the lifting, if anything is going to pass to his desk.
“He didn’t give any sort of indication he’s eager to sign a civil rights bill and that means it’s back to the legislature, and we’ll see what they do. Boy, when a governor sends a signal he’s not favorably disposed to changing the law, it doesn’t seem to suggest that the Republican supermajority is going to go through a lot of exertion to pass a bill with an uncertain future,” said Robert Dion, an University of Evansville professor.
Still, it remains unclear whether Pence would support any kind of legislation extending LGBT rights that lawmakers may hash out. Many conservative groups have said giving protected-class status based on sexual orientation or gender identity would elevate LGBT rights above religious rights, infringing on people's ability to live by their beliefs.
Republican leaders in the Senate have already promised debate over adding anti-discrimination protections for LGBT Hoosiers, with several proposals already on the table. Among those proposals: a bill to extend civil rights based on sexual orientation and gender identity, with some new carve-outs for religious objectors, and another that would grant rights to gay Hoosiers but not transgender people.
Pence said lawmakers will have to decide "whether it is necessary or even possible" to balance LGBT rights and religious freedom.
Republican Statehouse leaders said Pence gave them the clearest guidance he has yet on the issue.
“I thought he was more clear on the religious freedom element than I’ve heard him say before,” said House Speaker Brian Bosma, R-Indianapolis. “He set some very clear parameters in that regard.”
Senate President Pro Tempore David Long, R-Fort Wayne, said he took Pence’s comments as a threat to veto any bill that didn’t include protections for religious beliefs. But Long added that he didn’t believe that would present a problem for the bills now being debated.
“The two Senate Republican bills do deal strongly with religious freedom as well as civil rights,” he said.
Conservatives seemed heartened by Pence's speech.
"I think he's calling for a 'live and let live' society," said Jim Bopp, a conservative attorney from Terre Haute. "The ultimate act of intolerance is making someone do something that violates their conscience. Unfortunately there seems to be an aspect to the gay rights movement that is intolerant, that wants to force people to do things that violate their core religious beliefs."
Ron Johnson Jr., executive director of the Indiana Pastors Alliance, said Pence made a "pretty strong statement."
As Johnson sees it, laws that protect LBGT rights would mean "people's religious beliefs, and in particular here Christianity and Christian beliefs, become criminalized, because if you believe what the Bible says about sexuality, you are now a bigot. That’s what the law tells you — that it is a terrible thing for people of faith who simply respectfully disagree with the LGBT community.”
But, on the other side, Pence's critics immediately denounced his stance. LGBT rights advocacy group Freedom Indiana said in a statement: "This is a complete letdown."
In the Indianapolis Artsgarden, a crowd of about 100 LGBT rights supporters with Freedom Indiana who gathered to watch the televised speech expressed disappointment but said they weren't surprised by Pence’s comments.
“Leadership starts at the top, and there’s not been leadership anywhere,” said Samantha Buente, 30, of Evansville.
James Freeman, a 27-year-old veteran from Indianapolis who is gay, said Pence’s comments that people should not be harassed because of who they love were “sugarcoating” for a speech that emphasized religious freedom.
“While that sounds nice, don’t mistake the real meaning of what he said,” Freeman said, adding that “religious belief is not a synonym for discrimination.”
At the watch party, the final words of Pence’s speech were drowned out by a chant of “Pence must go!”
The Indiana Democratic Party called Pence "delusional."
"Mike Pence doesn't 'abhor discrimination' — he actively promotes it," party spokesman Drew Anderson said in a statement.
Key takeaways from State of the State
Business interests advocating for civil rights protections for LGBT Hoosiers said they were disappointed in Pence.
"He had an opportunity to lead our state and call for decisive action to show that Indiana is a welcoming state, but his rhetoric indicates he is willing to let Indiana be a state that welcomes most, not all," said Peter Hanscom, initiative manager for the business coalition Indiana Competes. "While Governor Pence emphasized tonight that Hoosiers should not be harassed or mistreated, he said nothing about condemning Hoosiers being fired, removed from their home or denied public service because of who they are."
Pence's speech followed a politically difficult year in which fallout from Indiana's Religious Freedom Restoration Act saw him take heat on national TV as he defended the controversial law. The intense scrutiny on RFRA and its subsequent "fix" brought LGBT rights to the forefront of state policymaking discussions, but Pence remained publicly silent on the issue until Tuesday.
His staff said for months Pence has been listening to all sides of the debate. Conservatives, LGBT advocates, the business community and others have been pressuring him to take action, whether to further shield religious rights, fully protect LGBT rights or find some resolution to achieve a balance between the two.
Call IndyStar reporter Stephanie Wang at (317) 444-6184. Follow her on Twitter: @stephaniewang. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11203 | {"url": "https://www.lcsun-news.com/story/news/politics/2016/01/12/pence-urges-lawmakers-guard-religious-rights/78522888/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.lcsun-news.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:42:24Z", "digest": "sha1:2TFSP63SAWGTBH6XAQO4RJDXO3Y6FP7Q"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 8760, 8760.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 8760, 12667.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 8760, 43.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 8760, 61.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 8760, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 8760, 322.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 8760, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 8760, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 8760, 3.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 8760, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 8760, 0.39855942]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 8760, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 8760, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 8760, 0.01146853]], 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Are You Marching to the Beat of the Wrong Drum?
In the business office, we often tend to think of the deliverables we produce in terms of a rate. For example, we might have 10 reports, or 100 invoices, or one closing of the books, to complete in a month.
And so we view the end of the month as our deadline, with x units to be delivered by the end. Sounds like a reasonable enough plan—why doesn’t it work? Why are business processes always falling behind?
Because we’re defining deliverables in terms of ourselves and our own schedules, and not in terms of what the customer needs (whether that customer is internal or external). Welcome to the concept of takt time.
Calculating Customer Demand
Takt is the German word for “beat,” as in music. It’s the rhythm you must maintain based on customer demand. And once you understand the concept, you’ll realize processes shouldn’t be created to serve any other master.
Takt time is calculated with a simple formula, but it’s still one of the most difficult concepts for people to understand when they first learn lean, because it’s different from the way we normally think. Applying this concept in the business office isn’t simply adding a twist to traditional manufacturing practices—it really requires an open mind to conceive and internalize.
The formula? The time you have available to do the work, divided by customer demand.
The answer is a unit of time. If the customer demands eight units in an eight-hour day, then the takt time is one hour. That means the customer demand is one unit every hour. Traditional management tells us we have to complete eight per day, which is a rate; one every hour is a takt time. It’s the difference between measuring how many gallons per minute flow out of a water hose and measuring how many minutes it takes to get a gallon.
Why does it matter? Because using a rate doesn’t communicate a sense of urgency. It tempts you to procrastinate and overestimate how much you can get done by a deadline. And a rate doesn’t give you a way to measure whether your process is capable—whether it can be used successfully to satisfy customer demand. Takt time does both.
Takt time . . .
sets a cadence or rhythm so you can sync with others and avoid waste
limits batching, creates a sense of urgency, and increases situational awareness
requires that you reduce variation by creating standard work
defines the limits of different steps of your process to make it capable
exposes time constraints—any step that is greater than takt time must be shortened or offloaded
Takt time in manufacturing offers an easy-to-understand illustration of what I mean. Take Toyota’s process for the Camry. From Factory Physics for Managers*:
For example, suppose the demand for the Camry is 600,000 units per 250-day year. This translates to 2,400 units per day or 1,200 units per 12-hour shift. For a manager scheduling the line to work 10 hours each shift, the takt time will be 30 seconds (10 hours x 60 minutes x 60 seconds/1,200 = 30 seconds).
In other words, a Camry has to move off the production line every 30 seconds. Talk about your tangible sense of urgency!
Translating Takt Time to the Business Office
How does this concept work outside manufacturing? Let’s take accounts payable as an example. Assume you need to process 100 invoices per month on average, and you have 160 available hours in which to do it.
160 hours/100 invoices = 1.6 hours takt time
One unit needs to be completed every 1.6 hours. In creating your standard work, you need a process that takes less than 1.6 hours (that’s known as your cycle time); otherwise your process is not capable. To meet demand with a longer cycle time, you may need more people, or you may need to carry more work in process (WIP), but both are additional costs. Without the situational awareness of takt time versus cycle time, how would you know how to address issues that arise?
If you go with a rate instead, making your goal 100 per month, you’ll tend to batch work and experience “student syndrome,” or waiting until the last possible minute to achieve the entire goal, which almost guarantees failure to satisfy the end customer.
I work with an international corporation that hires 25 new people per day. If you look at just the work required to enter new hires into the system, the takt time is 480 minutes per day divided by the 25 new hires, which equals 19.2 minutes apiece. One must be entered into the system every 19.2 minutes; luckily, the touch time (cycle time) for each is only 12 minutes. That’s a sign the process is capable, and that adequate cushion is built in.
If you can’t meet takt time because customer demand is greater than your cycle time and there’s no way to make your process 100% capable, you should still operate using a planned takt time so that different parts of the process are synchronized, and accept that you can’t serve every customer the same way.
Instead, you can set your takt time to the pace of your constraint. The finest restaurants can’t meet their customer demand for reservations on a Friday night. But they don’t just stuff folks in and turn their tables every 30 minutes in hopes of trying to serve everyone. They establish a takt time and induct new customers at that speed. The wait staff and the kitchen are set up accordingly.
Takt Time for Multiple Steps
For more complex processes, computing takt time is an absolute must to avoid blaming the wrong cause when something goes awry.
The illustration below represents a process that takes eight steps to produce one output. Each step varies between four and nine hours (cycle times). But the customer demands that one should be completed every eight hours—that’s the takt time. For a continuously repeated process, you can see that Step 5 is a constraint (a kink in the hose), because it takes nine hours to complete and therefore delays Step 6. The customer can’t get a product every eight hours, so there’s no way to meet takt time, and the employees responsible for Step 5 are set up to fail. They’ll end up scrambling and likely compromising quality and content to meet deadlines.
What if the takt time were six hours? That would mean that Steps 1, 5, and 7 were not capable. Also, in Steps 2, 3, and 8, cycle time would be equal to takt time. When takt time and cycle time are equal, there’s no room for any variation—even a sneeze can get you behind and create a panic.
Toyota, the pioneer of lean manufacturing, has the least variation of any organization, but it always builds in ample cushion; when something should take 10 hours, managers schedule 12, or a 17 percent cushion.* Any leftover time is used to improve the process. Goodyear Tire, as another example, uses a 30 percent cushion. Your business processes probably have a lot more variation than either of these manufacturers. How much cushion should you build in?
Also, you must be literal about available time. If your work day is eight hours and you allow two breaks of 15 minutes (morning and afternoon), then the available time is not eight hours, but only 7.5 hours, or 460 minutes. So, if customer demand is eight units per day, the takt time is now 460/8, or 56.25 minutes. If you set up a process that takes an hour, but the demand is really one unit every 56.25 minutes, you’re setting your employees up to fail.
Same goes for a yearly process where you use 365 days as available time, without subtracting holidays or weekends, requiring heroes to step up and work themselves to death to meet demand. It’s simple math that shouldn’t be hard to grasp, yet it happens over and over again in organizations for no good reason.
Takt time can apply to any process in the business office: purchases, project management, engineering documents, sales proposals, and on and on. And once you’ve got the hang of computing it, you can take a look at all your processes and see whether your assumptions about customer demand can be challenged for better results. For example:
Personnel evaluations. Is yearly really the right drumbeat? Why not do them monthly so you can thank a good performer at least 12 times and address poor performance sooner?
Strategy deep dives. If your situation changes more than once in a year, quarterly is better than yearly.
Budget projections. An 18-month forecast delivered monthly can take less time and make you more agile than a yearly projection that can’t adjust for changes.
You could create standard repeatable work for each of these that actually takes less time than a yearly approach. And your customer—whether internal or external—is much more likely to be satisfied.
Using lean to improve your processes requires that you begin to understand and visualize customer demand. Takt time is a crucial piece of that puzzle. Once you start using it, you’ll wonder how you ever set up processes without it. But without it, in all likelihood you’ll be marching to the beat of the wrong drum.
Take a minute now and think: what’s your takt time?
*Citation: Pound, Edward S., et. al. Factory Physics for Managers: How Leaders Improve Performance in a Post-Lean Six Sigma World. 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Effective as of March 22, 2017, Revised April 21, 2019
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Free SEO Book
Thom King: Fooding Your Way to Productivity with Keto?
Part CEO, part personal development biohacker info-geek, he is a self-confessed serial entrepreneur. Today’s guest is not your typical business owner.
Following a mindset of “you aren’t doing well unless you’re also doing some good,” he’s here to show you how changes in food, yes, something that simple, may boost your focus and productivity.
Please welcome Thom King.
Episode highlights:
0:36 – Thom King’s Background
12:49 – Level of Ketosis
16:49 – What is Ketosis
20:02 – Ketogenic Path
23:43 – Losing Muscle mass
Learn more about this guest:
http://iconfoods.com/
http://www.steviva.com
http://www.thomking.com
http://www.guygoneketo.com
https://www.linkedin.com/in/steviva/
https://www.instagram.com/guygoneketo/
https://www.instagram.com/stevivabrands/
https://www.instagram.com/thomkingpdx/
https://twitter.com/steviva
Podcast Episode Transcripts:
Disclaimer: Transcripts were generated automatically and may contain inaccuracies and errors.
Tom King, how are you doing? I’m doing terrific. Daymond. Thanks for having me on your podcast is a real honor. I can’t wait to dig in. Yeah, I appreciate you jumping on and I got to thank you for the package you sent. Um, this has been, um, I’m going to guess, like two months in the making for us to connect.
And so I’ve had, I see your face nearly every day, just sitting on the pantry, lucky you. So, you know, we’ll tell, we’ll talk about what what’s, the contents of that package are here in a bit. So let’s start with the. The usual two questions. So question number one is why are we talking to you today? What are you an expert at and what are we going to go over?
Um, well, I wouldn’t, I would actually have to say that I’m probably not an expert at, at anything. I sort of consider myself a work in progress and about, just about everything that I do. Um, some of the things that I would say that I’m working on, on trying to be come better, uh, would be probably. Time management, um, innovation and the big one for me that might not resonate with everybody in your audience, but hopefully it will is self care.
Yeah, I think that’s the path they’re going to head down. Um, because it’s, it’s, uh, obviously your background, but you know, for whiskey right before we hit record, I was telling you a lot of our listeners are entrepreneurs and business owners. And I think the majority of us will admit that there’s definitely the windows throughout the year where we kind of neglect our personal time and healthcare.
So I think it’s an important topic. That’s um, Probably overlooked on a lot of podcasts, business, business podcasts, but I think it makes sense to talk about, alright, before we do that, what question? Number two, what do you suck at? Um, I think I suck at delegating and that is something that we continually try to get better at because I think I have a certain level of guilt, um, by giving my work to other people.
So, um, You feel bad that you’re paying well? So, yeah, I started, I started this, my business basically in my garage back in California. And so I’ve always sort of, um, built my pride around me being able to do everything at the company, meaning like I can go down into the production area and work. I can work on equipment, you know, uh, Working in accounting.
So I I’ve had this sort of philosophy of like, there’s no job here too, you know, too small, um, that I won’t knock out. But what I found is that that makes me super inefficient. Um, but it’s still, like when I hand something off to somebody like, Hey, can you go load that in a truck or something like that? I still sort of feel, you know, I S I still feel like a little twinge of guilt, like.
Yeah. You know, I could probably do that myself. It’s getting less, it’s getting less, particularly if it’s something that’s pretty heavy. It’s interesting to me that is such a frequent answer. And it’s, it’s interesting because you know, you have these entrepreneurs and business owners that have accomplished great things and there’s this underlying common denominator that your type of answer comes up.
Probably more than the listeners would expect, but at the same time, it’s, it’s, it’s um, comforting because it’s like, Hey, you know, the guys that have accomplished great things still have the same little quirks that I do. So it’s interesting to get that replay. Um, all right. So let’s talk about, you know, your area of expertise and, and I’ll explain to the listeners what the package was.
So Tom was kind enough to send this package that had all sorts of goodies, um, largely on the KIDO side. And, you know, what’s super interesting is, um, I haven’t talked about it a lot, but I probably touched on it a little bit here and there. So I have like an autoimmune condition called eosinophilic esophogitis, um, it’s EOE for short.
And so I’ve had to like figure out what the thing that the abbreviated version of what that is is like, things hurt my throat. Like food hurts my throat. And so I’ve had to like do this dance where I try these different diets and these different things to figure out, like, how do I get in my proper nutrients without eating cardboard every day?
And so, um, Just recently, probably like 10 days ago. And you know, a couple days before we were finally, you know, we’ve been on the schedule to chat for awhile, but I didn’t realize it was like this week. And it’s ironic because about 10 days ago I started doing Kita. Oh. And so now we got, now we’re talking Quito and I got to tell you it’s actually helped out quite a bit on some of those straggler issues I was running into with, with my unique condition.
So. Interesting. Ours have aligned. Evidently they have. That’s awesome. I love hearing stories about that. Yeah. Quito is a, I mean, you look like you’re in pretty good shape and the, you know, weight loss is probably not something that you’re, you know, that you’re seeking it, but it’s like Quito, you know, for me, it, I, I carried about 35 pounds of extra weight.
Um, which isn’t, it’s not a ton of weight, but I also had like a lot of, um, I just had a lot of bad habits. Like one of them was red wine and the other one was pizza. And so I love to drink a bottle of wine and eat a pizza. And that’s just not really, uh, I, I, it doesn’t align well with keto and it doesn’t align well with, uh, longevity either.
So, um, You know, I just had some really bad habits carrying some extra weight, have a lot of problems with energy in the afternoon, you know, or you know, about two o’clock I’d start feeling a crash. Um, yeah, and I just, about five years ago started making a deep dive into Quito. Um, Which was really, it was an amazing experience on so many different levels because, um, I noticed that, you know, clarity wise, energy wise, um, you know, that was the biggest effect that I had was this, I had so much more energy.
I was able to think more clearly. Um, but another benefit of it as well was it opened up, opened me up to a community of really amazing people. So my, I started, you know, when I wrote my book, I got Kito. Um, you know, I got introduced to a lot of people that were sort of the OGs of, of Quito and just listening to their stories and listening to their experiences and, and getting in, making deep dives into the science.
Um, it shifted, I would say that it shifted my circle of people that I surrounded myself with, um, and really leveled up my entire life. So it was, it was beneficial on. A bunch of different ways. Yeah. Um, before we get too deep into this in case somebody doesn’t know what Quito is, let’s start with the basic explanation.
Um, basic explanation is that, um, you basically starve your body from, uh, carbohydrates and sugars and force your body to burn fats as energy. So your, your liver has the ability to metabolize, fructose and fructose happens to be one of the saccharides that’s in. Table sugar. So if you need table sugar, table sugar is basically half fructose and half glucose.
And so when it, it gets metabolized in your stomach, your glucose, the glucose divides off and is metabolized by your Oh your stomach. And then the fructose gets moved into your liver and your liver metabolizes fructose into lipids, which means fat. So your body immediately turns fructose into fat that just stored on your body.
Um, So when you starve your body of fructose and glucose, and you increase the amount of fats that you’re taking in, um, like coconut oil, avocado salmon, and stuff like that, your, your liver, which I think is one of the most fascinating organs in your body, um, your liver actually is able to take that fat and convert it to ketones, um, which your brain can either function on glucose or ketones.
And so now your body is burning like really high quality fuel instead of taking spikes, like big spikes from getting stuff that’s super fast burning. Um, so in a nutshell, the diet would be 70% fat. That you’d get from avocados nuts. Um, coconut oil. So 70, 70% fat, 20 20% protein, 10% carbohydrates. But the carbohydrates that you take in our low-glycemic, uh, carbohydrates, they’re like cruciferous vegetables, like cauliflower.
Broccoli lettuces, um, you know, things like that. Like you can have just about any vegetable you can think of, as long as it doesn’t grow underground, like tubers, which are potatoes or, you know, pretty high glycaemic. So I would limit the amount of that, that you take in, um, that ingrains. Yeah, I’m glad you kind of touched on fats examples, because I think a lot of listeners would say, well, fat sounds bad and scary.
And so it’s like, no, not fat it’s fats with an S and they’re healthy foods within that. Um, so before we continue too far down the health path, um, you know, this audience is largely people in the business world and entrepreneurs. So from, from an entrepreneurial spirit, Why do I care? Like, obviously this is healthy for me.
Um, and I think you started to touch on it for your personal journey. Was it helped with energy and mental clarity? Um, so is that why our listeners care is, is gonna make them more productive potentially? Um, from my perspective, it made me a lot more productive. Um, you know, like if you’re dependent on caffeine in the morning, you know, you wake up in the morning and, you know, you’re slugging down, uh, a bent a latte with a
You know, some sort of a donut or a cookie or a bagel or something like that. I mean, you’re, that’s not sustained energy. So you’re going to burn the caffeine quickly. You’re going to burn through the, uh, through your bagel quickly. And what’s going to happen is that your blood sugar levels are going to start to drop.
And then you’re going to need to pick those back up again. And you create this big cycle, this up. Up and down and up and down thing, and that can really affect your productivity. And particularly if you have like, say pasta for lunch, you know, by the time two o’clock rolls around, you’re going to need to take a nap or you’re going to be hitting coffee again.
And so if you’re hitting coffee at two o’clock, you know, in the afternoon noon, and you know, you’re going to try to get eight hours worth of sleep.
This is tea. So for those that get, see, I’m raising my coffee cup and he’s he’s he’s he’s beating me with his tea. Yeah. So, I mean, I still drink coffee, like that’s that’s. Yeah, I guess that’s a vice, but I’ll have a shot of it. So, uh, in the morning it would be that’s the extent of my coffee. And then after that, I just, usually I drink green tea, which has some caffeine in it, but, you know, I dilute it down quite a bit, but you know, back to productivity, um, I feel absolutely a lot more productive, but it’s not that it’s not that super unproductive energy that you get when you’ve had too much coffee, it’s real focused, deep energy.
And that really helps. Yeah. Is, is caffeine. I know like caffeine is, or coffee is like, Pretty much non nutritional at any level, as far as like, know micronutrients, things like that. Um, so I’m assuming there’s no carbs. So is the, is caffeine in its coffee in itself negative to the Quito lifestyle or is it all the other things that come with it?
Like the sugars and the donuts and the bagels? Like what if you don’t have black coffee, is, does that still contribute to. You know, a negative, um, element to this lifestyle. I don’t think so. I mean, there, I have read studies, these, that show that, um, that caffeine can cause insulin spikes, right? Not huge spikes, it spikes in insulin.
So you could end up getting some ups and downs from it, but say by and large, on a metabolic level, it doesn’t mean affect you. Um, but it is the other things that you add to it. Um, you know, like sweeteners. I mean, sweeteners are definitely gonna, unless you’re using like a non-nutritive or a non caloric sweetener in your coffee, and you can also sort of use that coffee, um, you know, as a vehicle, uh, or carrier, if you will, for other things, like if you add MCT oil or some sort of fats to your coffee, um, you know, it will also sort of deep than deepen the.
The level of ketosis that you’re experiencing. So like in the morning, um, with my shot of coffee, I usually add like either some MCT oil or some geek and some Stevia, and that’s kind of like rocket fuel. Yeah. How, how are you exposed to, so I get that once you’re exposed to it, you embraced it, but how did you even get to that point?
How were you introduced to it? Um, well that’s another great question. So, um, I actually. My main hustle. Isn’t my sauces, you know, my books and stuff like that. My main hustle is that I, I own an ingredient company, a food ingredient company. So we supply sweeteners. Um, we supply sweeteners to a lot of non-nutritive sweeteners to companies that manufacture, um, Bars cookies, beverages, frozen desserts and stuff like that.
So I did, I had a, um, one of my customers, who’s the founder of quest quest nutrition, one of the founders of quest bar and his name’s Ron Penna. And I actually accredit Ron Kenna for getting me into, um, getting me into Quito because he was way, way into keto before keto was cool. And, um, I used to always ask him out for dinner.
And he’s like, no, I don’t eat. And so it took me a long time until I was like, Hey, this dude doesn’t want to go to dinner with me. You know, want to just say it, I can take it. Um, but it wasn’t, you know, the thing that came up for me is that his thing was, you know, eat to live. Don’t live, to eat. You know, and, and a lot of people are just waiting for their next meal or planning out their next meal.
Like, Oh, I can’t wait to have that deep dish pizza. His thing was like, you know, he, he ate to live, meaning that, you know, he had the right amount of nutrients in his body and frankly, he’s a, he’s a maniac. So every time I get into a conversation with him, it’s four hours deep. And it’s always, there’s some science in there and, and you know, and he’s like, you should try the steak and eggs.
Um, steak and eggs diet and let’s see. And then the last time, last time I saw him, he said, hold up your hand. And I held up my hand and he’s like, see your ring finger. He’s like your ring finger is a little too short. That means you’re more women than you are a man. And I’m like, Oh wow. Who are you? Who are you?
But he’s, you kind of got, got me into it because I kind of hit. Sorta hit a bottom, a plateau, if you will. I was in Vegas and for a trip show and Ida, uh, one of our vendors take me out to dinner and I just laid over dead. It had cake and a potato and steak and a bottle of wine. And I got back into the room and I, I just, I looked at myself in the mirror and I’m like, okay, you know what?
This is. Yeah. This is a, you have to turn it around. And that was sort of the, the, I would say the catalyst or the Genesis of the book, because. I’m a big journaler and I just started journaling like, you know, and a lot of it wasn’t very, very nice. A lot of it was like, Hey, you fat PISA. To do to get skinnier.
And it’s like, look how you screwed up yesterday and getting on keto. It’s like, all right. So I’m going to do Quito five days a week and I’m going to cheat like hell two days a week. So I’d go five days in Quito and then Saturday beers and pizza and Sunday and, you know, burgers and more beer and stuff like that.
And then everything I lost all week, you know, just sort of right back on. And that was even worse. And then that’s when things really that’s. When I think that I had that moment of clarity where it’s like, you know, um, Diets suck and diets don’t work, lifestyle changes do, and that’s then I embraced it, but it wasn’t easy, you know, it was, it was tough in the beginning.
Yeah. Uh, you know, let’s, let’s do another definition thing. Uh, explain ketosis and then I have a follow up question to that. Okay, perfect. Ketosis is where your body is burning ketones instead of carbon hydrates. So when your body is in Quito, you’re starved for your star for carbohydrates. You start for glucose.
Okay. And your, your body starts metabolizing fats. Okay. Meaning your liver starts metabolizing fats and converting those into ketones. And then your brain function, your, your brain starts to metabolizing. Those ketones is energy. Okay. And then when you say starving, like that also sounds scary. Right? So, so that’s on scarify it for the listeners.
Is this okay? So this starving is more like, is it fair to say a transition where your body’s going? Hey, um, I’m not. I’m I’m starting from carbs because I’m used to them, but, and, and I’m transitioning out of that habit and then yeah, things are now normal. It’s just now I’m burning fats instead. Yeah, you can.
Yeah. And I know starvation is a hard, a hard one. Um, I just got really used to using it. So think of it this way. Let’s say you’ve got, let’s say you have a car, right? Let’s say you’ve got a car that runs both on, let’s say it runs on diesel. Um, and it runs on electricity. And so once you’ve run your vehicle out of electricity, you just turn a switch.
And now you’re, and now your vehicle starts running on, on diesel. So that’s how I would look at, you know, at the human body. I would look at it. It actually is like your body generally runs on gasoline, super fast, burning gasoline. And then once you’ve depleted all the gasoline, you’re out of gas, you’re simply turning a switch.
And now your body’s running on fats. You know, like a car would be running on diesel. Okay. And then the diesel is more efficient and slow burning and, and that’s the equivalent of the cutoff. Yeah. Cause I mean, fat is, and fat also creates a sanity, meaning that you feel full. So if you eat something that’s a high fat meal, you’re going to be satiated.
You’re going to be full for a lot longer. Um, you know, if you eat something that’s like a high carbs, uh, I would say that the, sort of the stereotypical definition of that is going to a Chinese restaurant. And you just you’re super stopped. It’s like, I can’t eat another thing. And 15 minutes later you’re like, Oh man, I can do some right now as you’re getting your cars, like at barbecue smells good.
Why don’t we stop in there? So that’s kind of how it is. How, how long. Okay. So the, the ideal of it, yeah. Active is to get into ketosis and I’ve heard, and as I’ve been getting into this the last week or two, I’ve read different things, not wildly different, but what I’ve read is like, okay. To get into ketosis.
Um, I guess my two, two things that you could potentially clarify are one is the daily carb intake to get there. And then to. How many days of that daily carb intake until I get there. Yeah. That’s called fat adaption. Like how fast does it take you to get fat adapted? I think that varies with a lot of people.
Like when, when I first started, um, when I first started like down this sort of ketogenic. Path, um, used to take me about three days and also I’ve heard people say, Oh, I’ve got the Quito, you know, where your body starts. Like, you know, where you’re, you’re depleting it of all the carbs. And it’s like, I need carbs.
I need carbs. I never had that. Like, and I, and I’ve talked to people, had it. And I’m like, well, just drink water, have a little bit of water with some salt in it and eat some fat. You know, eat an avocado. You’re not going to be hungry. Um, so I’ve heard of heard of keto flu, but I haven’t, I haven’t personally experienced it, but generally you’re looking at three days before your body depletes, uh, depletes all your stored carbohydrates that you’ve got.
Um, most of it’s going to be stored in your muscles. This is as glycogens. So what’s interesting is you’d notice that on the ketogenic diet, that your, even your proteins are sort of limited, you know, only 20% of what you’re going to be eating is going to be proteins. And the reason for that is if you eat too much, if you eat more than 20% proteins, those proteins actually convert, it will convert to glycogens in your body.
And your body will store that as sugar. Hmm. So what happens in, in, okay. So my case, like, so I had that, uh, autoimmune issue a couple years. Yeah. So I lost 30 pounds in six months in pounds that I did not want to lose. Cause I had just spent two years gaining 20 of them working out. So, um, you know, with building muscle mass protein is an important part of that.
So, um, What do you do in that scenario where you follow the ketogenic diet, but you need protein would, and you may not know the answer would, um, Being in workout mode, help your body consume those proteins properly. So you can still intake a higher amount to build the muscle mass or like where’s the given a take to follow a ketogenic diet, but still intake proteins.
Um, I would, and, and everybody’s different. So this is one thing that, I mean, everybody’s, body’s different. I mean it blood type. And metabolism. I mean, when you look at each, each person, their physiology is going to be different. So really tailoring it to what works for you. Like if you find that you’re on a ketogenic diet and you’re doing 20% protein and you’re losing a lot of weight, And you’re losing muscle mass.
If you start seeing that you’re losing muscle mass, I would most definitely look at increasing your, uh, increasing your protein intake and the best way that you can sort of gauge whether your a you’re having too much protein and you want to stay light. I would monitor your blood sugar levels. You know, like if you start seeing a spike or a dip in blood sugar levels, that could be a good indicator to, you know, if you see a spike in, in, and you’re staying off sugars and you’re staying off carbs, but you still see a spike in blood sugar levels and you don’t have diabetes.
I would say, take a look at, you know, maybe you’re eating too much protein at that point in time. If you’re seeing low blood sugar and you’re seeing staying on keto, you know, increase your proteins. So a lot of people follow the macros, but those macros don’t need to be, you know, don’t need to be cast in stone.
Like you can adjust it to your body. Like you might be more comfortable eating more protein, or you might be comfortable adding more carbohydrates. You know, like if you’re, if you have a lot of what’s called metabolic flexibility, you should be able to bounce in and out of keto and you should be able to regulate how many, uh, how much protein you take in and notice it.
So if you’re losing muscle mass, they definitely take a look at adding more protein. Yeah. That’s one of the other things I was going to ask you, as you say, in bouncing in and out. So like how, how, and I know it varies per person, but like generally speaking, how flexible is your. Carbon take. Um, you know, if, if I go the three days and I, and I start getting into ketosis and I do that for a week, and then you have your pizza and red wine night and, and you go from your daily, you know, 30 grams of intake of carbs to 150, like, are you starting that whole three day window again to get back there?
That’s a good question. That also really at that point, hands on your metabolic flexibility. Okay. I, I ran into a situation where I went probably a year and a half straight of like hardcore Kita where I was not, you know, I was continually. Pulling like two to two and a half up to four millimoles of, of ketones, which is pretty high.
You start key ketosis at, uh, at like 0.5. That’s where it begins. So I was in deep ketosis and I stayed that way for about a year and a half. I was in great shape. Um, lost a lot of weight, had a lot of energy, but. I, I really noticed that I had terrible, uh, metabolic flexibility. And that means that if I went off Quito, that let’s say I had a couple of days where I was having some carbs that I would notice it, like I would put on an easy five to seven pounds of waterway, um, and have a really hard time getting back into, um, In taquito.
And so a friend of mine, Mark Sisson, he, you know, I, I went to him, I’m like, I’m having some terrible metabolic flexibility. And he actually recommended wind sprints and high intensity training. Um, that helps quite a bit. So if you couple it with that, you can really create better metabolic flexibility within yourself.
Um, from my perspective, I would say I now will not go any longer than maybe a month and a half on strict Quito, um, without adding, you know, without adding a carb day. And I’m not saying that I go pizza, hamburgers, French fries, but maybe adding like a sweet potato or some keenwah. Or something like that on one day.
Just so I’ve got that metabolic flexibility. Yeah, let’s talk about your, um, your ingredient business a little bit, um, is clarify the types of ingredients you provide. It was there, is there a conflict in, you know, the business that you’ve had and the products that they provide? Versus later adopting the keto lifestyle.
Is there anything that you sell that you’re like me personally? I, I don’t want nothing to do with, you know what, that’s a really, that’s an excellent question. And the answer to that question is yes, fructose. So we still sell fruit toast because there’s a lot of companies that manufacture. Like a pharmaceutical products that buy fructose from us.
And that’s one thing that I won’t touch. Like I just want to touch fructose because fructose will completely knock you out of keto. We also carry a Gavi and Gavi is mostly, um, is mostly fructose. So yes, some of the stuff that we carry, uh, is, um, Doesn’t fall into Quito. Do we still sell it? Yeah. Is it a conflict?
Probably. Is it probably conflict? And it’s something that I have to sort of reconcile. Like when I see a shipment of coconut Palm, sugar go out and I’m like, wow, that’s, that’s a nice, you know, you see a nice profit from it. Um, I still think about it and it’s like, all right, well, Should I just stop selling it?
I don’t know. Probably not because this is where you, this is where like now I’ve got this responsibility. It’s like, okay, so I’ve got, you know, 30 employees and it’s like, okay. So if all of a sudden I start pushing my, my stuff on them and saying, Hey, I’m not carrying anything anymore. That. You know, that, that I don’t think is good for you.
And it’s like, we’re gonna carry any Brown sugar. We’re not going to be carrying any, you know, any coconut Palm sugar, no fruit toast and no, a Gabi actor. It’s not really fair to them. Um, So that’s where I have to sort of split off. And it’s like, as a consumer, I don’t consume it as, you know, as a, uh, a responsible, or is it responsible as I can be?
Um, business owner? Yeah, I carry it. It helps keep my business going and. Yeah. Yeah. That’s a really good question. Thanks for throwing that one out there. I appreciate it. I love the gotcha ones. Cause it really helps me self reflect. It’s like, you know, and I don’t mind owning my crap. Yeah, no, there’s nothing wrong with it.
Like it wasn’t like, you know, uh, your, your contradictory, hearing your shit, your business model. Like I was just really curious, like. What does Tom think about the situation? Not Tom, the business owner. It’s two different, it’s two different tops. Yeah, it is like, yeah, like the consumer side of me. And then also, I mean, like I do a lot of formulation.
Um, and so a hundred, the formulation that I do for other customers is clean label sugar reduction. So I won’t develop a product that is not keto friendly. So when I get into the lab, that’s where the that’s where sort of the differentiation comes in. You know, somebody will ask for a cereal or a frozen dessert or something like that.
All they’re getting is Quito. And if they say, yeah, we just want to have something in this. Delicious and full of sugar. I’ll send them somewhere else. Cause I just, cause I can’t taste it anyway. Cause it’s like here, you guys wanna try this. And so yeah, when it comes to, when it comes to food science end of things.
I I’m, yeah, I I’m a purist. Yeah, no. Cool. I think, I think I’m sure that we could have all whole other discussion on all the interesting things that you do that you get into with science. Um, so I’m going to give you the, uh, as we wrap up, I’m going to give you the floor for the last little bit and tell our listeners how they can find out more either, you know, about whatever your, your brands, your ingredients, your book, keep tell us, um, Thank you.
Thank you very much. Uh, actually, if you want to know, like the KIDO side of me, this is the more personal side you can go to. Geigen Quito and guy gone. Keto is the title of the book. You can find it on Amazon.com, you can see the line of condiments we have. Um, we’re going to be expanding those in the next three weeks.
Having a caramel syrup, a spicy ketchup. So I’m constantly working on those things. Cause there are things that I eat myself, so I sort of selfishly create, um, so hit up Geigen Quito. If you want to see the mad science of things and the ingredient, uh, you can go to icon foods.com, um, and you can see what we’re working on in the lab and stuff like that.
Super cool. It’s it’s been really interesting. Um, just because of the timing of this was great because I know we’ve had some encounter for awhile and, uh, I was excited to talk to you in general cause I can tell you’re passionate about it. Um, but it’s been even, even more beneficial to me. Um, just being more personally familiar with it.
So I appreciate your time. Thanks, Damon. I appreciate it. I really appreciate you having me on your, on your show. And I love the questions and I love the challenge. Yeah. Thanks so much. All right, Tom King, everybody.
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Posts Tagged ‘Israel/Palestine’
Labour and the Jews: from ethnic cleansing to truth and reconciliation
by Jon Lansman.
Who is responsible for the Middle East conflict? And how do we help resolve it? We can do no worse than to begin by looking at Labour’s own history. On this day in 1944, Labour’s annual conference was taking place in London. A week before D-Day and two weeks before V1s started hitting London, the Allies […]
Why the Left must stop talking about ‘Zionism’
There is every justification for talking about the rights of Palestinians, for campaigning against the profound injustice that has been done to them and for criticising the actions and policies of the Israeli government but there is no defence for antisemitism, whoever makes the accusation. As the Jewish Socialists’ Group (JSG) has rightly argued, “accusations of antisemitism are […]
Corbyn and the Israel/Islam/Putin/Trident critique
by David Osland.
An entire journalistic cottage industry now exists (such as here and here and here and here) devoted to making the claim that Jeremy Corbyn is an overgrown adolescent CNDer harbouring a lingering atavistic attachment to Russian nationalism, with participants frequently coming as close as libel laws permit to averring outright anti-semitism on the Labour leader’s part. […]
What hope for Gaza?
by David Pavett.
In 1993 the Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Palestinian President Yasser Arafat shook hands on the lawn of the White House to seal the deal of the Oslo Accords (Oslo I). The terms of the accord were vague but gave rise to hope and received support from both Palestinians and Israelis. The accord envisaged […]
Labour Friends of Israel continues to whitewash war crimes
by James Elliott.
One year on from the tragic events in Gaza last summer, and the British Israel lobby is still trying to distract us from Israel’s crimes by highlighting perceived wrongdoing by other sides. In her piece for Left Foot Forward, Jennifer Gerber makes a number of claims which require refutation: Hamas’ responsibility for provoking ‘the conflict’; […]
Israel cannot trample on human rights and expect “business as usual”
by Cat Smith.
The shocking events of this summer, with the civilian population of Gaza once again finding themselves attacked with no chance of finding a place of safety, shows how tragically little 20 years of peace process have achieved. There has been much process, but precious little peace. The tragedies that have affected all of Jerusalem’s communities […]
Jerusalem: the unholy city
by Uri Avnery.
In its long and chequered history, Jerusalem has been occupied by dozens of conquerors. Babylonians and Persians, Greeks and Romans, Mamluks and Turks, Britons and Jordanians – to mention just a few. The latest occupier is Israel, which conquered and annexed Jerusalem in 1967. (I could have written “East Jerusalem” – but all of historical Jerusalem […]
Israel/Palestine: UK MPs may seek 2 states but history seems to be leading elsewhere
Oct 23rd, 2014
by Antony Lerman.
On Monday 13 October, MPs voted by 274 to 12 in support of the following motion: That this House believes that the Government should recognise the state of Palestine alongside the state of Israel, as a contribution to securing a negotiated two state solution.” The vote has symbolic significance, but does it amount to anything more […]
It is vital that the House of Commons today recognises the Palestinian state
It is significant that today’s vote in the Commons for Britain to recognise the Palestinian state alongside the Israeli state comes not at the behest of the government, but on the initiative of an MP (the redoubtable and resourceful Labour MP, Grahame Morris) under the relatively new procedure that allows backbenchers to choose the issue […]
Labour and Palestine – when is a whip not a whip
by Phil Burton-Cartledge.
Picking a fight with one of your party’s most powerful lobbies is a risky affair. When so doing having a clear objective in mind helps, as well as a strategy that shows off your leadership virtues. Think Tony Blair and the unions. Think – yes – Dave and equal marriage. 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More Than 10 Million People 65 and Older Have a Mortgage — Here’s Where They Make up the Largest Share of Homeowners
Jacob Channel
Dan Shepard
Updated on: November 28th, 2022
Mortgages are the largest debt held by Americans, which is why it’s often recommended that homeowners pay off their balances before retiring. That way, homeowners would have more money and less debt in retirement.
But paying off a mortgage before retirement age isn’t feasible for everyone. In fact, more than 10 million homeowners paying off their mortgages across the U.S. are 65 and older.
To better understand where homeowners are likely to still be paying off their mortgage near or past their retirement age, LendingTree analyzed the latest U.S. Census Bureau data. We utilized this data to look at the share of homeowners who are 65 and older and still have a mortgage in each of the nation’s 50 largest metros.
Across those 50 metros, an average of about 19% of homeowners who are 65 and older still have a mortgage. We also found that homes owned by people in this age group tend to be less valuable than those owned by the general population — and that their monthly housing costs tend to be lower.
Metros with the largest share of 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage
Metros with the smallest share of 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage
Getting a mortgage later in life isn’t necessarily a bad idea
Tips for getting and paying off a mortgage when you’re older
San Diego, Miami and Las Vegas have the largest share of 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage. Across these metros, an average of nearly a quarter — 23.74% — of homeowners 65 and older have a mortgage. That’s about 5 percentage points higher than the 50-metro average of 18.96%. In 2019 — before the pandemic — Miami had the largest share of retirement-age homeowners, while Las Vegas was fourth and San Diego was seventh.
Salt Lake City, Austin, Texas, and Dallas have the smallest share of 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage. An average of only 13.91% of homeowners who are 65 and older have a mortgage in these metros.
Metros in California tend to be home to larger shares of older homeowners with mortgages, while Texas metros tend to be home to smaller shares. Five of the 10 metros with the largest share of 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage are in California, while four of the 10 metros with the smallest share of 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage are in Texas.
Typically, the homes owned by those 65 and older are worth less than those owned by the general population. Across the nation’s 50 largest metros, the median values of older homeowners’ homes are worth an average of $20,214 less than the median value of homes owned by the general population, up from $10,626 in 2019. Los Angeles is the only metro where the median value for homes owned by those 65 and older is higher than the median value of homes owned by the overall population.
Even if they’re still paying off their mortgage, older homeowners usually have lower housing costs. Across the nation’s 50 largest metros, median monthly housing costs for 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage are an average of $297 less than for the overall population of homeowners with a mortgage.
No. 1: San Diego
Share of 65-and-older homeowners with a mortgage: 24.18%
Median value of homes owned and occupied by those 65 and older: $698,000
Median value of all owner-occupied housing units: $722,200
Median monthly housing costs for homes with a mortgage owned and occupied by those 65 and older: $2,281
Median monthly housing costs for all owner-occupied housing units with a mortgage: $2,735
No. 2: Miami
No. 3: Las Vegas
No. 1: Salt Lake City
No. 2: Austin, Texas
No. 3: Dallas
As would-be homeowners age, there are various reasons why many might second-guess getting a mortgage, especially if they’re worried they’ll be paying off their loan into their late 60s or beyond.
Some older buyers might be concerned they won’t be able to keep up with their monthly mortgage payments once they retire, while others might worry that they’ll die before they finish paying off their loan and saddle their family with leftover debt.
Though these concerns can be valid, that doesn’t mean that older people thinking about buying a home should necessarily shy away from getting a new mortgage — especially if they couldn’t afford a home without one.
In fact, those who get a mortgage later in life might be in a better position to handle their debt than someone younger. This is because older Americans generally have better credit scores and more financial assets than younger Americans.
Because people with stronger credit scores and more cash that can be used for a down payment tend to end up with better rates and smaller monthly payments than those with less cash or worse credit scores, older Americans who get a mortgage could find that paying off their loan isn’t as challenging as they feared.
Of course, income tends to drop when a person retires, but many thinking about getting a new mortgage in their 50s or 60 might find that they’re still more than capable of managing their debt even as they grow older.
Older Americans considering a mortgage should keep the following tips in mind to help ensure they qualify for a loan and keep on top of their new debt.
Consider a retirement mortgage. As the name implies, retirement mortgages can help older homebuyers no longer in the workforce purchase a home. Because these types of mortgages don’t have the same income standards as traditional loans, some older buyers might find qualifying for one easier than a traditional loan.
Try to avoid taking out a massive loan. Though managing a mortgage after retiring is certainly possible, it’s especially important for older homeowners not to bite off more than they can chew. The smaller their loan, the less money they’ll need to allocate each month toward paying it off and the more money they’ll have for other expenses.
Shop around before buying. Because different lenders can offer different rates, even to those with the same financial profiles, shopping around for a mortgage before buying a home is generally a good idea. Shopping around could increase an older homebuyer’s chances of finding a lender willing to work with them and help them secure a lower rate.
Data in this study is derived at the metropolitan statistical area (MSA) level from the U.S. Census Bureau 2021 American Community Survey — the latest available.
Because of how the Census Bureau organizes its data, LendingTree focused on homeowners 65 and older, even though 65 is below the current minimum full retirement age in the U.S. of either 66 or 67, depending on the year the person was born.
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* Bernard Rollin
Home » Bernard Rollin
University Distinguished Professor
Professor of Animal Sciences
Professor of Biomedical Sciences
University Bioethicist
Concentration:
general philosophy
philosophy of consciousness
Ph.D., Columbia University, 1972
Bernie Rollin (1943-2021): Remembering veterinary ethics pioneer and University Distinguished Professor Bernie Rollin
Bernie Rollin was one of the leading scholars in animal rights and animal consciousness and lectured over 1500 times all over the world. He was a weight-lifter, horseman, and motorcyclist.
Rollin's scholarly interests included both traditional philosophy and applied philosophy. In addition to numerous articles in the history of philosophy, philosophy of language, ethics and bioethics, he is the author of Natural and Conventional Meaning (1976), Animal Rights and Human Morality (1981, 1993 & 2006), The Unheeded Cry: Animal Consciousness, Animal Pain and Scientific Change (1988 &1998), Farm Animal Welfare (1995),The Frankenstein Syndrome (1995), Science and Ethics (2006), and Putting the Horse Before Descartes (2011). He edited a two volume The Experimental Animal in Biomedical Research (1989 & 1995).
* Indicates deceased
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Egmont to Bring ‘Yo-Kai’ to Showcase
U.K.-based publisher Egmont Publishing will feature “Yo-Kai Watch” in its latest issue of Showcase magazine.
U.K.-based publisher Egmont Publishing will feature “Yo-Kai Watch” in its latest issue of
magazine.
The new “Yo-Kai Watch” issue will feature a series of puzzles, stories, jokes and facts as well as a double-sided mask to cut out and keep. The issue also comes with stickers and a wearable watch-shaped disc shooter.
The new issue will also be the second time
has featured the animated series.
The special magazine issue will be available in the U.K., Feb. 8.
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The Last Shall Be First
Last week, I posted this Facebook status:
I know that's not what Jesus was talking about in Matthew 20. It's just that crazy, random thoughts pop into my head, and if they make me giggle, I tend to share them. But seriously, this is one of my favorite passages of Scripture. You see, I'm one of those workers who were hired in the ninth hour. I didn't make that journey down the aisle to the altar until my forties. February 2001. Right before I married the tall guy.
I know ladies in my church that have been devoted followers of Jesus since they were young children. They have spent their entire lives living for Christ, sharing the Gospel message, and laboring for His kingdom. The time I've spent mentoring children and teens, serving meals to homeless people, etc. is but a drop in the ocean when compared to their service. Yet, when the day comes that I stand before God, I will be their equal. I will receive a denarius. The same eternal reward as these Godly women.
I looked up the dictionary definition of salvation:
When a weather advisory tells us of an approaching storm, we protect what we care about—what we say is valuable enough. Worth saving. Worth protecting from harm. To God, we are worth saving from destruction.
The joy in my heart from this promise is especially strong today. My friend's husband received Christ. In his eleventh hour. Short of a miracle, this man's time with us is just that—short. He is battling that dreaded disease that takes so many before their time.
I also have a favorite passage that talks about another man short on time...
Jesus answered him,
“I tell you the truth, today you will
be with me in paradise.”
Do you know to whom Jesus was speaking? The criminal next to him on another cross. A condemned man. A sinner. A dying sinner. Why would Jesus promise the reward of paradise to this horrible man?
He asked.
Then he said, "Jesus, remember me
when you come into your kingdom."
Did Jesus ask, "Are you truly sincere?" Did He ask, "How are you going to prove it?" Nope. That's not how it works.
It is simple.
He forgives.
No matter where you are, what you've done, who you've been...
None of it matters.
If you've never accepted Christ as your Savior, it's not too late.
Don't wait. We aren't promised tomorrow.
If you have any questions about salvation
through Jesus Christ, ask me.
The Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard
1 "For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who went out early in the morning to hire men to work in his vineyard. 2 He agreed to pay them a denarius for the day and sent them into his vineyard. 3 "About the third hour he went out and saw others standing in the marketplace doing nothing. 4 He told them, 'You also go and work in my vineyard, and I will pay you whatever is right.' 5 So they went. "He went out again about the sixth hour and the ninth hour and did the same thing. 6 About the eleventh hour he went out and found still others standing around. He asked them, 'Why have you been standing here all day long doing nothing?' 7 " 'Because no one has hired us,' they answered. "He said to them, 'You also go and work in my vineyard.' 8 "When evening came, the owner of the vineyard said to his foreman, 'Call the workers and pay them their wages, beginning with the last ones hired and going on to the first.' 9 "The workers who were hired about the eleventh hour came and each received a denarius. 10 So when those came who were hired first, they expected to receive more. But each one of them also received a denarius. 11 When they received it, they began to grumble against the landowner. 12 'These men who were hired last worked only one hour,' they said, 'and you have made them equal to us who have borne the burden of the work and the heat of the day.' 13 "But he answered one of them, 'Friend, I am not being unfair to you. Didn't you agree to work for a denarius? 14 Take your pay and go. I want to give the man who was hired last the same as I gave you. 15 Don't I have the right to do what I want with my own money? Or are you envious because I am generous?' 16 "So the last will be first, and the first will be last."
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Harris Pastides
Joan T. Gabel
Columbia, South Carolina, United States
Garnet and black
University of South Carolina (USC, SC, South Carolina) is a public research university located in Columbia, South Carolina, United States. The university is organized in 16 colleges and schools offering hundreds of undergraduate and graduate programs. USC is classified as a research university with very high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.[1] The university enrolled more than 33,700 students, and it ranked 107 among all national universities and first for its international business programs according to U.S. News & World Report's 2016 rankings.[2]
P.S.M. in Bioinformatics
?? credit hours
Program URL: https://sc.edu/study/majors_and_degrees/professional_science_master.php
↑ "Standard Listings". Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Indiana University. http://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/standard.php. Retrieved 08 December 2016.
↑ "University of South Carolina". U.S. News & World Report - Best Colleges. U.S. News & World Report LLP. http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-south-carolina-3448. Retrieved 08 December 2016.
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Size Chart – LinenVintage
WOMEN'S SIZE GUIDE FOR DRESSES, JACKETS, COATS
LinenVintage sizes are designed to fit the following body measurements:
International XS S M L XL XXL XXXL
FR(EU) 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56
US/CA 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
UK/AU/NZ 6 8-10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
CN(Height/Chest） 155/80 160/84 165/88 170/92 175/96 175/100 175/104 175/110 175/116 175/122 175/128 175/134
Bust (cm) 80 84 88 92 96 100 104 110 116 122 128 134
Waist (cm) 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 90 96 100 106 112
Hip (cm) 86 90 94 98 102 106 110 116 122 124 130 136
Shoulder (cm) 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 44 46 48 50 52
Cuff (cm) 21 21.5 22 22.5 23 23.5 24 25 26 27 28 29
TAKE YOUR BODY MEASUREMENTS - WOMEN
TAKE YOUR MEASUREMENTS
To find your correct size, use a tape measure and take these measurements. Stand with your back straight in front of a mirror, to make sure that you measure correctly and that the tape measure is kept level.
Measure under your armpits, around your shoulder blades, and over the fullest part of your bust. Don't pull the tape measure too hard. For fitting a bra, you also need the measurement just under your bust.
Measure around your natural waistline. This is the narrow part of your waist, about an inch above your navel. Relax and breath out before you measure.
The hip should be measured around its fullest part (about 8 inch. below your waist).
This is the measurement from your ankle to your groin, when you stand with your legs straight. If possible, ask a friend to help you. This can also be measured on a pair of pants with the proper length. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11214 | {"url": "https://www.linenvintage.com/pages/size-chart", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.linenvintage.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:17:31Z", "digest": "sha1:46GY6UO4SJVLSHA4VE63Q6OTMOC2SJNE"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1585, 1585.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1585, 3567.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1585, 20.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1585, 115.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1585, 0.79]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1585, 315.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1585, 0.22305764]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1585, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1585, 0.04628099]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1585, 0.04628099]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1585, 0.02644628]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1585, 0.02644628]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1585, 0.02727273]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1585, 0.00991736]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1585, 0.01322314]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1585, 0.07769424]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1585, 0.47117794]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1585, 0.61341853]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1585, 3.8658147]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1585, 5.03083042]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1585, 313.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 73, 0.0], [73, 145, 0.0], [145, 180, 0.0], [180, 223, 0.0], [223, 262, 0.0], [262, 308, 0.0], [308, 416, 0.0], [416, 469, 0.0], [469, 519, 0.0], [519, 572, 0.0], [572, 622, 0.0], [622, 674, 0.0], [674, 710, 0.0], [710, 733, 0.0], [733, 941, 1.0], [941, 1147, 1.0], [1147, 1298, 1.0], [1298, 1383, 1.0], [1383, 1585, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 73, 0.0], [73, 145, 0.0], [145, 180, 0.0], [180, 223, 0.0], [223, 262, 0.0], [262, 308, 0.0], [308, 416, 0.0], [416, 469, 0.0], [469, 519, 0.0], [519, 572, 0.0], [572, 622, 0.0], [622, 674, 0.0], [674, 710, 0.0], [710, 733, 0.0], [733, 941, 0.0], [941, 1147, 0.0], [1147, 1298, 0.0], [1298, 1383, 0.0], [1383, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 26, 4.0], [26, 73, 7.0], [73, 145, 10.0], [145, 180, 8.0], [180, 223, 13.0], [223, 262, 13.0], [262, 308, 13.0], [308, 416, 13.0], [416, 469, 14.0], [469, 519, 14.0], [519, 572, 14.0], [572, 622, 14.0], [622, 674, 14.0], [674, 710, 5.0], [710, 733, 3.0], [733, 941, 38.0], [941, 1147, 36.0], [1147, 1298, 26.0], [1298, 1383, 15.0], [1383, 1585, 39.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 73, 0.0], [73, 145, 0.0], [145, 180, 0.0], [180, 223, 0.6], [223, 262, 0.56756757], [262, 308, 0.57142857], [308, 416, 0.72043011], [416, 469, 0.62], [469, 519, 0.57446809], [519, 572, 0.64], [572, 622, 0.5106383], [622, 674, 0.58695652], [674, 710, 0.0], [710, 733, 0.0], [733, 941, 0.0], [941, 1147, 0.0], [1147, 1298, 0.0], [1298, 1383, 0.0125], [1383, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 73, 0.0], [73, 145, 0.0], [145, 180, 0.0], [180, 223, 0.0], [223, 262, 0.0], [262, 308, 0.0], [308, 416, 0.0], [416, 469, 0.0], [469, 519, 0.0], [519, 572, 0.0], [572, 622, 0.0], [622, 674, 0.0], [674, 710, 0.0], [710, 733, 0.0], [733, 941, 0.0], [941, 1147, 0.0], [1147, 1298, 0.0], [1298, 1383, 0.0], [1383, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 26, 0.15384615], [26, 73, 0.78723404], [73, 145, 0.02777778], [145, 180, 0.42857143], [180, 223, 0.09302326], [223, 262, 0.1025641], [262, 308, 0.13043478], [308, 416, 0.03703704], [416, 469, 0.01886792], [469, 519, 0.02], [519, 572, 0.01886792], [572, 622, 0.02], [622, 674, 0.01923077], [674, 710, 0.80555556], [710, 733, 0.86956522], [733, 941, 0.00961538], [941, 1147, 0.01456311], [1147, 1298, 0.01986755], [1298, 1383, 0.01176471], [1383, 1585, 0.01485149]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1585, 0.4385165]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1585, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1585, 0.02620721]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1585, -230.02802231]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1585, -92.06038059]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1585, -137.62133501]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1585, 16.0]]} |
It’s Time to Speak Out
A sermon preached at St Augustine’s Anglican Church, Neutral Bay.
http://media.blubrry.com/liftyoureyes/www.lionelwindsor.net/wordpress/wp-content/2014/09/Its_Time_To_Speak_Out.mp3
Telling the Time
1. The promised time (Romans 1:1-2)
2. The fulfilled time (Romans 1:3-4)
3. It’s time to speak out (Romans 1:5-6)
4. Spending the time…
Almost 5 years ago, in our first winter in Durham, in the far North of England, it snowed outside our little terrace house. Not only did it snow. It snowed, and snowed and snowed. The temperature stayed below freezing for weeks. The snow turned to ice and compacted. One day in January, we woke up and saw the sun out. It was a Saturday. We were tired of being cooped up. So I decided to take everyone out for a walk. I knew there was a Botanic Gardens about 20 minutes’ walk away with a café. So I hatched a brilliant plan. Off we went, for a nice walk in the beautiful winter sun, to grab a bite to eat. With 3 small children, one in a stroller. With compacted ice on all the footpaths. Hard, slippery ice. Uphill.
It didn’t take us 20 minutes. After an hour or so of slipping and sliding we got to the Botanic Gardens on the outskirts of town. Late for lunch, with a hungry, tired, audibly disgruntled family (at least, the children were disgruntled).
But of course, it was winter. And the Botanic Gardens were closed.
The problem was, when I originally hatched my plan, I didn’t understand the time. Yes, I knew what the time was. But I didn’t understand the significance of the time. The implications of the season. It was deep winter. And if I really understood that I would have known it was not the time to go for a lovely stroll to a café.
It’s important to understand the time. I’m not just talking about philosophical musings on the nature of time (Augustine, Einstein, Stephen Hawking). No, what really matters in life is discerning what time you are living in. Because knowing what time it is tells you what you should be doing, doesn’t it? Is it time to work or rest? To sleep or wake up? To play cricket, or get your tax return in?
Does the Bible have anything to say about the time we live in? Yyes it does. It has a lot to say about time, and the times we are living in right now.
I’m not talking here about knowing exact apocalyptic timetables. I remember in 1992, a famous Korean cult was predicting that Jesus would definitely return the day before my first HSC exam. That is wrong: we don’t know the date on which Jesus will return—but still, the Bible says a lot of important things about the time we are living in. And so it tells us what we should be doing.
The promised time (Romans 1:1-2)
Our New Testament reading was from the first few verses of the apostle Paul’s letter to Christians in Rome. Paul is writing about the message he preaches, called “the gospel”. At the beginning of his letter, Paul reminds his readers that the gospel has to be understood according to God’s timetable. The gospel, Paul says, was something that has been a long time in planning. See verse 2: it was “Promised beforehand through his prophets”. The Old Testament prophets were like God’s project planning officers
In the church office right now there is a Gantt Chart. Down the side it lists all the tasks that need to happen for our church redevelopment. Along the top is a timeline. And on the chart there are horizontal bars showing how long each task should probably take. Now if we look back at the Old Testament prophets and psalms, we find a kind of project plan; not a timetable or a list of dates; but still a list of expectations, things that the prophets and psalms were expecting to happen. In this world full of misery and heartache, in this world where God does not seem to reign or be honoured, where God’s people suffer and sin, the prophets saw that God was going to do something about it all. And they wrote about their expectations. They expected, in particular:
The coming of a King
This King would be a good king, a powerful king. He would be called the “son”—the Son in two ways. Firstly, this king would be called the “Son of God”. Psalm 2:6-7 speaks of the King as the “Son of God”:
“I have installed my King on Zion, my holy hill.”
I will proclaim the decree of the LORD: He said to me, “You are my Son; today I have become your Father.”
He is the Son of God because he is established by God and he rules like God and for God.
The king would also be the “Son of David”; that is, he would come from the dynasty of Israel’s king David son of Jesse. Isaiah 11:1 says:
A shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse; from his roots a Branch will bear fruit.
The work of the Spirit to equip the King
This King was not going to be like any other human king. Politicians of today so often seem to be either ineffective or corrupt, don’t they? Either they have no real clout, or they have no ethics. But this King, said the prophets, would be different. He would have God’s Holy Spirit to equip him, to enable the King—Son of David, Son of God—to work and rule powerfully and justly. Isa 11:2:
The Spirit of the LORD will rest on him—the Spirit of wisdom and of understanding, the Spirit of counsel and of power, the Spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD—
The “servant” who suffers for sins
Isaiah also looked forward to the coming of a figure called the “servant of the Lord”. The servant would be like the king in many ways. Indeed, the King and the Servant really seems to be the same person. The servant would rule and act fairly and justly. But in Isaiah 53[:5], we learn that the servant’s job, the servant-king’s job, will be to suffer in the place of God’s people, for their sins, to make his people free from sin and its guilt and penalty
But he was pierced for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon him, and by his wounds we are healed.
Furthermore, said the prophets,
The “servant” would be raised from the suffering of death
Isa 53[:11-12]
After the suffering of his soul, he will see the light of life and be satisfied … because he poured out his life unto death.
This servant will pour out his life to death, then he will come to life again.
Now you might think this was just an expectation for the little nation of Israel. A great king who makes everything right in Israel, and making people in Israel right with God, a servant-ruler who even suffers to death so his people Israel can be forgiven. But that’s not the half of it. Ultimately
The “servant” would extend God’s salvation to the whole world!
Isa 49:6:
“It is too small a thing for you to be my servant to restore the tribes of Jacob and bring back those of Israel I have kept. I will also make you a light for the Gentiles, that you may bring my salvation to the ends of the earth.”
God’s salvation, going to the whole world, making the world right for God, making people right with God.
And in fact, the prophets said,
The king will ultimately bring judgment and peace
In a world of injustice and sin, a world where the weak are abused and slaughtered, a world where people—each one of us—sins and is subject to the power and guily and penalty of our terrible rebellion against God, this king, this servant-king, will make it right. And he will make it right in two ways.
He will bring judgment against those who reject him and act wickedly
Isa 11:4
with righteousness he will judge the needy, with justice he will give decisions for the poor of the earth. He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth; with the breath of his lips he will slay the wicked.
And he will bring peace for those who trust him:
They will neither harm nor destroy on all my holy mountain, for the earth will be full of the knowledge of the LORD as the waters cover the sea.
That’s a rough outline of God’s project plan, you see. The key tasks that need to happen to bring about God’s radical redevelopment project for the world and for people. That’s what the prophets promised.
The fulfilled time (Rom 1:3-4)
And that plan, says Paul, is what we need to understand if we’re going to know the times we’re living in. Because, in fact, we live in the time when much of this plan has already been fulfilled!
See Romans 1:3-4:
[The gospel] regarding his Son, who as to his human nature was a descendant of David, and who through the Spirit of holiness was declared with power to be the Son of God by his resurrection from the dead: Jesus Christ our Lord.
Jesus, the King, the Messiah, the Christ, the “Son of God”, descended from David. Has come in the flesh.
Jesus had God’s Holy Spirit
The Spirit who equipped him and gave him power
Jesus was the “servant” who suffered for sins
But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
Jesus has brought forgiveness, he has taken all our sin and death and judgment on himself
And this suffering “servant” Jesus has been raised from the suffering of death
The ultimate demonstration of his power, and the Spirit’s power. His resurrection from the dead, seen by so many witnesses, announced and testified to by those witnesses that we can read about in the Bible. This shows him to be King, Son of God!
These are the things that have happened. We’re a long way along the Gantt chart…
So what is the time now?
It’s time to speak out (Rom 1:5-6)
This is the time when God’s “servant” is extending God’s salvation to the world. Paul is God’s servant too, but he’s just acting as a servant of the greater servant Jesus. And what’s his great task?
Through him and for his name’s sake, we received grace and apostleship to call people from among all the Gentiles to the obedience that comes from faith. And you also are among those who are called to belong to Jesus Christ.
This is what is happening right now. Paul realized that it was time to go out to all the nations, all the world, to tell the world that Jesus is risen, to proclaim the free forgiveness of sins, and to call people to trust and obey Jesus, the King, the Messiah, the Son of God.
And this is incredibly important. Why is that? Because this time we live in has an end-point
This king will bring judgment and peace
Judgment, Romans 2:16
This will take place on the day when God will judge men’s secrets through Jesus Christ, as my gospel declares. …
There will be a day when Jesus, the risen King, will return to judge. We don’t know the exact timetable. But we do know it’s the next thing in the project plan. He will call us to account, he will call you to account, for your life, for each deed, for the secret things, in your life, your mind, your heart. Ultimately, for how you have treated his Son.
And for those who submit to Jesus Christ, the King, by his Spirit, Romans 8:11:
And if the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead is living in you, he who raised Christ from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit, who lives in you.
We will have life too, life with God, life forever.
But for now, what is the time?
This is the time when the gospel is going out to the world!
The Christians in Rome were among those people who were called, and so are we. This is the time we live in right now! The time of evangelism! Of the call to trust and obey this king. Nothing is more important, nothing is more urgent than this.
Spending the time …
Do you believe this?
Because if you do, it will have to affect how you live, won’t it?
In the busyness of the minutiae of life, it’s so easy to forget, isn’t it? We might spend our days, our weeks, our years, organising our time, trying to manage our time, wishing we had more time. But in all that, we can forget what time it actually is. It’s the time to call people to turn, to trust and obey Jesus. To call who? To call your friends, your family, the people who live and shop in Neutral Bay, everywhere, to escape the judgment that is coming next. We don’t know when, whether it’s in our lifetimes or not. With God a day is like a thousand years. It’s not the timetable that matters. But we do know that this judgment is what is coming next.
You might say, yes that’s true, but it doesn’t directly affect me, does it? I’m not Paul. I’m not an apostle. I’m not an evangelist. I’m not even very gifted at speaking. I’ve got other things in life to get on with. And anyway, it’s just a bit awkward actually talking about Jesus. Maybe I should just leave that stuff up to the experts. But—does that make sense, really?
In March 1980, after being dormant for 123 years, Mount Saint Helens in Washington State began some serious rumbling. Earthquakes. Venting steam. It was getting increasingly clear that something was going to blow. A man called Harry Randall Truman lived just below the treeline. And he became a minor celebrity for a short while, because he refused to leave. He didn’t think it mattered. He said to reporters “This area is heavily timbered, Spirit Lake is in between me and the mountain, and the mountain is a mile away, the mountain ain’t gonna hurt me… boy.” And yet almost everyone else begged him to go, with good reason. Scientists knew that it was dangerous and said so. The Governor ordered evacuation. State troopers in cars and helicopters urged him to leave. Media announcers interviewed him. Worried school children as far away as England wrote to him urging him to get out of there! And on May 18, 1980, at 8:32 a.m., the deadliest, most destructive volcanic event in the history of the United States occurred. Harry’s house was flattened and he perished.
Do you think Harry’s friends and family and neigbours, or the school children writing in England, do you think they were particularly worried about whether they had the right talents or skill-set to speak or write persuasively? Do you think they were tempted to leave the warning to the experts? Do you think they felt a bit awkward raising the topic with Harry themselves? Of course not. They knew enough to know the volcano was dangerous, And they cared for Harry enough to tell him. They knew it was time to speak out.
We’ve had more than rumblings. We’ve had the Son of God come into the world. We’ve had Jesus the King die for our sins, raised from the dead, by the power of God’s Holy Spirit. We’ve been told he will return to judge, and yet that he offers forgiveness and free pardon to everyone who comes and trusts in him. Jesus is Lord! And now it’s time to speak out! That message, that great message, that important message is going out to the world. That’s the time we live in.
If you see your life as just going on, day after day, you mightn’t think it’s urgent. But if you know what time we’re living in, and you love and care for those around you, you will desire for them to be saved, won’t you? Won’t you want to speak to them? At home, in the neighbourhood, at work? Yes, you’ll want to be sensitive, yes, you’ll want to be clear, yes, you’ll want to be appropriate in your behaviour and godly and all those things. And you’ll want to learn to speak better, won’t you? You’ll want to learn an outline of a gospel. Maybe to download that app I mentioned a month or so ago called Two Ways to Live. You’ll want to get to know people and build relationships and share your life.
But ultimately, you’ll want to speak the gospel, won’t you?
Because Christ has died. Christ has risen. Christ will come again. And people need to be ready. And this is the time to tell them.
Speaking the gospel of Jesus: It’s not some command or law we have to grudgingly obey and feel guilty if we don’t. It’s just what you do when you realize that Jesus is Lord and king and judge and savior and people need to hear about him.
I’d like to finish with a cartoon from one of my favourite cartoonists, Adam4d. “This is it, son. It’s my time.” “I’m dying, I’m going to meet Jesus and to be with him forever.” “Come closer, my boy, for I must tell you my one … biggest … regret” “I wish …” “I hadn’t …” “Told so many people about Jesus.” “It got super awkward sometimes”. (Dies)
What a ridiculous way to think! This is the time we’re living in. God’s great news about his risen king and savior Jesus Christ is going out to the world. People are being called to put their trust in him!
So how are you going to spend the time?
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Young Thug replaces Drake at number one on the 'Billboard' 200 chart with 'Punk'
Young Thug ‘Punk’ album cover courtesy 300 Entertainment
Young Thug is the new king of the Billboard 200 album chart, replacing his good friend Drake.
The Atlanta MC, born Jeffery Williams, sold 90,000 units of his new album, Punk, to debut at the top of the chart. Drizzy’s Certified Lover Boy sold 83,000 units and fell to second place. This is Williams’ third number-one album, following his Slime Language 2 compilation album earlier in 2021, and So Much Fun in 2019.
The 20-track Punk features A$AP Rocky, J. Cole, Doja Cat, Future, Gunna, Juice WRLD, Post Malone, Mac Miller, Nate Ruess, Travis Scott and Drake. As previously reported, Young Thug presented the Champagne Papi with a custom OVO chain, featuring a photo of him with his son Adonis on the back, for his birthday, which was on Sunday.
In addition to Punk, Williams also appears on Elton John‘s new album, The Lockdown Sessions, on the song “Always Love You,” which also features Nicki Minaj.
However, not all the news is good news for Young Thug. He’s suing an apartment-management company over a stolen bag with contents he values at over $1 million, according to The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. The “Go Crazy” rapper says the bag contained $40,000 in cash, a diamond-encrusted watch and chain that was worth $94,000, and 20 unreleased songs.
He says on November 1, 2020, he returned to his apartment building and accidentally left a Louis Vuitton bag beside his vehicle. Williams claim that a member of the concierge service informed him that she would hold the bag until he retrieved it, and that it was then given to someone else | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11216 | {"url": "https://www.live967.com/young-thug-replaces-drake-at-number-one-on-the-billboard-200-chart-with-punk/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.live967.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:10:04Z", "digest": "sha1:FLNYOUMRY7TE5KYRYJODXC7U7FVUJ3GM"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1685, 1685.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1685, 4247.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1685, 8.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1685, 189.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1685, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1685, 221.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1685, 0.29539295]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1685, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1685, 0.03360717]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1685, 0.02240478]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1685, 0.01626016]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1685, 0.23848238]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1685, 0.62020906]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1685, 4.66550523]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1685, 4.88435994]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1685, 287.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 138, 0.0], [138, 232, 1.0], [232, 553, 1.0], [553, 885, 1.0], [885, 1042, 1.0], [1042, 1396, 1.0], [1396, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 138, 0.0], [138, 232, 0.0], [232, 553, 0.0], [553, 885, 0.0], [885, 1042, 0.0], [1042, 1396, 0.0], [1396, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 81, 14.0], [81, 138, 8.0], [138, 232, 17.0], [232, 553, 56.0], [553, 885, 57.0], [885, 1042, 26.0], [1042, 1396, 57.0], [1396, 1685, 52.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 81, 0.03947368], [81, 138, 0.05357143], [138, 232, 0.03296703], [232, 553, 0.06168831], [553, 885, 0.00638978], [885, 1042, 0.0], [1042, 1396, 0.03846154], [1396, 1685, 0.01754386]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 138, 0.0], [138, 232, 0.0], [232, 553, 0.0], [553, 885, 0.0], [885, 1042, 0.0], [1042, 1396, 0.0], [1396, 1685, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 81, 0.0617284], [81, 138, 0.07017544], [138, 232, 0.04255319], [232, 553, 0.05607477], [553, 885, 0.10843373], [885, 1042, 0.08280255], [1042, 1396, 0.03107345], [1396, 1685, 0.01730104]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1685, 0.75630444]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1685, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1685, 0.89644802]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1685, -66.53777485]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1685, 18.12429445]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1685, 13.66676706]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1685, 13.0]]} |
Ineligibility Criteria...
Ineligibility Criteria U/S 29A Of IBC: A Net Too Wide !
Richa Saraf & Sikha Bansal
Resolution plan is designated to be the "way-out" for insolvent entities coming under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016. The resolution professional appointed by the adjudicating authority constitutes a committee of creditors, invites resolution plans from prospective resolution applicants, and places the resolution plans before the committee of creditors. The resolution plan which...
Resolution plan is designated to be the "way-out" for insolvent entities coming under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016. The resolution professional appointed by the adjudicating authority constitutes a committee of creditors, invites resolution plans from prospective resolution applicants, and places the resolution plans before the committee of creditors. The resolution plan which is approved by the committee of creditors is submitted to the adjudicating authority for sanction. A resolution applicant, as defined under section 5(25) of the Code, earlier referred to mean any person who submits a resolution plan to the resolution professional. Hence, a resolution applicant might have been any person- a creditor, a promoter, a prospective investor, an employee, or any other person. The Code had not gone into the basis and criteria for selection of the resolution applicant. This became a fatal loophole in the law which allowed back-door entry to defaulting promoters at substantially discounted rates for the assets of the corporate debtor.
To curb the illicit ways, several amendments were made in the Code, first by way of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Ordinance, 2017[1] dated 23rd November, 2017, then by Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act, 2018[2] dated 19th January, 2018 ("Amendment Act"). Of all the amendments, the one which has become a riddle for all is section 29A. The section specifies persons not eligible to be resolution applicant, and has ten parts (i.e. clauses), the tenth part is further divided into three sub-parts, of which the third part has its own descendants. These layers of section 29A are more in the nature of elimination rounds. The write-up below digs deeper into the section.
Resolution Applicant – Who and Who Not?
Vide the Amendment Act, the definition of "resolution applicant" was amended so as to mean a person, who individually or jointly, submits a resolution plan to the resolution professional pursuant to the invitation made under section 25(2)(h).
Section 25(2)(h) requires the resolution professional to invite resolution plans from prospective resolution applicants who fulfill criteria as laid down by the resolution professional with the approval of committee of creditors, having regard to the complexity and scale of operations of the business of the corporate debtor and such other conditions as may be specified by the Board.
Section 29A is a restrictive provision- any person falling in the negative list is not eligible to submit a resolution plan.
Therefore, a person in order to be eligible to submit a resolution plan –
shall fulfill the criteria laid down by the resolution professional with the approval of the committee of creditors; and
shall not suffer from any disqualification mentioned under section 29A.
Section 29A – A Pandora Box
According to Section 29A, a person suffering from the disqualifications as mentioned hereunder shall not be eligible to submit a resolution plan. Further, any other person acting jointly or in concert with the prospective resolution applicant shall not be covered under the following disqualifications –
the person is an undischarged insolvent;
the person is a wilful defaulter in terms of the RBI Guidelines issued under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949;
the person has an account, or an account of a corporate debtor under the management or control of such person or of whom such person is a promoter, classified as non-performing asset in accordance with RBI Guidelines issued under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and at least a period of 1 (One) year has lapsed from the date of such classification till the date of commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process of the corporate debtor: Provided that the person shall be eligible to submit a resolution plan if such person makes payment of all overdue amounts with interest thereon and charges relating to non-performing asset accounts before submission of resolution plan;
the person has been convicted for any offence punishable with imprisonment for 2 (Two) years or more;
the person is disqualified to act as a director under the Companies Act, 2013;
the person is prohibited by SEBI from trading in securities or accessing the securities markets; the person has been a promoter or in the management or control of a corporate debtor in which a preferential transaction, undervalued transaction, extortionate credit transaction or fraudulent transaction has taken place and an order has been made by the adjudicating authority under the provisions of the Code;
a person who has executed an enforceable guarantee in favour of a creditor, in respect of a corporate debtor against which an application for insolvency resolution made by such creditor has been admitted under the Code;
(ix) a person who has been subject to the above listed disabilities under any law in a jurisdiction outside India;
(x) connected persons, i.e. persons connected to the person disqualified under any of the aforementioned points, such as those who are promoters or in management of control of the resolution applicant, or will be promoters or in management of control of the business of the corporate debtor during the implementation of the resolution plan, the holding company, subsidiary company, associate company or related party of the above referred persons – exception has been carved out for scheduled banks, asset reconstruction companies registered with RBI under Section 3 of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002, and alternative investment funds registered with SEBI.
Major aspects of the provision have been analysed as below-
Layers of Ineligibility
An assiduous analysis of Section 29A reveals that the section imposes four layers of ineligibility, as mentioned below-
First layer ineligibility, where the person itself is ineligible;
Second layer ineligibility, i.e. where a "connected person" is ineligible;
Third layer ineligibility, i.e. being a "related party" of connected persons; and
Fourth layer ineligibility, where a person acting jointly/in concert with a person suffering from first layer/second layer/third layer ineligibility, becomes ineligible.
Clause (c): The NPA Criterion
Clause (c) of Section 29A debars a person or a person acting jointly or in concert with such person who-
has an account classified as NPA;
is a promoter of a corporate debtor the account of which has been classified as NPA;
is in the management of a corporate debtor the account of which has been classified as NPA;
is in control of a corporate debtor the account of which has been classified as NPA.
At least a period of 1 (One) year should have elapsed from the date of classification till the insolvency commencement date. Therefore, any company (including the promoters/persons in the management of or control of such company) which has its account classified as NPA for last 1 (One) year will not be able to file a resolution plan however, the Code provides for a carve out that such person shall be eligible to submit the resolution plan if such person makes payment of all overdue amounts with interest thereon and charges relating to non-performing asset accounts before submission of resolution plan. See also, clause (j) of Section 29A.
Clause (g): Vulnerable Transactions
According to clause (g) of Section 29A, a promoter/person in the management of or control of a corporate debtor in which a preferential transaction (Section 43), undervalued transaction (Section 45), extortionate credit transaction (Section 50), or fraudulent transaction (Section 49) have taken place and the adjudicating authority has passed an order under the Code. The provision is qualified to the extent it uses the term "corporate debtor", and that the adjudicating authority should have passed an order under the Code itself.
Clause (h): Guarantor executing guarantee in favour of the applicant creditor
The negative list includes persons who might have guaranteed the obligations of the corporate debtor which is currently in insolvency. As the provision goes, a person who has executed enforceable guarantee in favour of a creditor in respect of a corporate debtor against which an application for insolvency resolution made by such creditor has been admitted under the Code. Going by the construction of the clause, it appears that the guarantee should be in favour of that creditor who has applied for insolvency resolution of the corporate debtor.
The provision came up for discussion in RBL Bank Ltd. v. MBL Infrastructures Ltd. [CA(IB) No. 543/KB/2017; order dated 18.12.2017], where NCLT took a view that there was no intent of the Government to debar all the promoters, only for the reason for issuing a guarantee which is enforceable, unless such guarantee has been invoked and not paid for, or the guarantor suffers from any other antecedent listed in section 29A. The resolution applicants stated that by purporting to disqualify the entire class of guarantors under the said clause would be violative of the valuable rights of the applicant. If the guarantee is not invoked and demand is not made on the guarantor, the debt payable by him is not crystallized and the guarantor cannot be therefore said to be in default for breach of the guarantee and be penalized merely because a legal and binding contract of guarantee exists, which is otherwise impossible but is subject to its invocation in accordance with the terms of the guarantee. The NCLT agreed to the view observing that the guarantors in respect of whom, a creditor has not invoked the guarantee or made a demand under guarantee should not be prohibited. Therefore, no default in the payment of dues by the guarantor has occurred, cannot be covered under clause (h) of Section 29(A). It cannot be the intent of clause (h) to penalize those guarantors who have not been offered an opportunity to pay by calling upon them to pay the dues, by invoking the guarantee. Therefore, the words "enforceable guarantee" appearing in clause (h) are not to be understood by their ordinary meaning or in the context of enforceability of the guarantee as a legal and binding contract, but in the context of the objectives of the Code and Ordinance in general and clause (h) in particular.
Clause (j): Connected persons
The word "connected persons" appear in clause (j) of section 29A. A person who is connected to the persons as defined under the Explanation, shall be disqualified if the other person suffers disability under clause (a) to (i) of section 29A.
"Connected persons" have been defined so as to include three categories –
Explanation.— For the purposes of this clause, the expression "connected person" means-
(i) any person who is the promoter or in the management or control of the resolution applicant; or
(ii) any person who shall be the promoter or in management or control of the business of the corporate debtor during the implementation of the resolution plan; or
(iii) the holding company, subsidiary company, associate company or related party of a person referred to in clauses (i) and (ii):
The definition can be analysed as follows-
Clause (i) includes:
promoter;
person in the management; and
person in control
of an ineligible resolution applicant.
Further, in accordance with clause (iii),
where (a) or (b) or (c) is a company, the holding, the subsidiary, and the associate companies or "related party" of (a), (b), (c) (as the case may be), shall also be disqualified.
where (a) or (b) or (c) is a natural person, any "related party" of such person shall also be disqualified.
Clause (ii) basically seeks to debar persons from submitting resolution plans in which persons suffering from disabilities mentioned under Section 29A are proposed as promoters or in the management of or in the control of the corporate debtor during implementation of the resolution plan. It includes-
would-be promoter;
person, would-be in the management; and
person, would-be in control
of the corporate debtor, who suffer from disqualification under section 29A.
For example, A wants to submit resolution plan for B Ltd. A proposes that C shall be in the management of B Ltd. during the implementation of the resolution plan. However, C is a person suffering disability under Section 29A. A, therefore becomes ineligible to submit resolution plan.
For scope of the term "related party", see below.
Note that from the scope of "holding company, subsidiary company, and associate company", the following have been excluded, i.e. the following can proceed to submit the resolution plan-
a scheduled bank; or
an ARC registered with RBI under section 3 of the SARFAESI Act, 2002; or
an AIF registered with SEBI.
"Related party" has been defined in Section 5 (24); however, the definition is specific to corporate debtor, i.e. the definition specifies the persons who shall be treated as "related party' of the corporate debtor. Hence, where the persons referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) of the Explanation are persons other than the corporate debtor, the definition under section 5(24) becomes irrelevant, and the following may be noted-
Where one of the person is a company, "related party" shall be interpreted in terms of section 2(76) of the Companies Act, 2013;
Where none of the persons is a company, the definition of the term "related party" has been left open. In the context of natural persons, generally the term "relative" is used.
Associate Company
For the purpose of determining whether a company is an associate of the other, the definition as under Section 2(6) of the Companies Act, 2013 shall be referred, wherein "Associate company", in relation to another company, means a company in which that other company has a significant influence, but which is not a subsidiary company of the company having such influence and includes a joint venture company.
For the purpose of the said definition, "significant influence" means control of at least 20% (twenty per cent) of total share capital, or of business decisions under an agreement.
For example- "Company X" holds 20% of total share capital of Company "Y", then Company X will be deemed to be an associate company of Company Y.
Relevant time- whether lookback allowed?
A relevant question would be regarding the point of time at which the ineligibility has to be ascertained. The language of the section suggests that only present status of the resolution applicant has to be seen. No lookback period has been prescribed. However, the authors opine that it would be upon the committee of creditors to decide on whether any past event shall be weighed upon while making the final decision.
More of a Diktat?
The Code has been designed to find the best possible way out for an ailing entity- it was meant to be more inclusive in approach. However, the reach of Section 29A extends to four layers (as explained above), and may lead to exactly opposite results. The intent of the Code was not to restrict genuine applicants, but only to exclude participation from habitual miscreants or applicants who might themselves be sick, however, Section 29A may result in elimination of persons who might be interested in buying stakes in the entity.
See RBL Bank Ltd. v. MBL Infrastructures Ltd. [CA(IB) No. 543/KB/2017; order dated 18.12.2017], where the NCLT, considering the objective of the Ordinance, 2017, opined that clause (h) of section 29A is not to disqualify the promoters as a class for submitting a resolution plan. The intent is to exclude such class of persons from offering a resolution plan, who on account of their antecedents, may adversely impact the credibility of the processes under the Code. The case is, for the time being, pending with NCLAT[3].
The Code was designed to find the best possible way out for an ailing entity- it was meant to be more inclusive in approach and there was definitely no intention to avoid promoters from submitting resolution plans. However, the reach of Section 29A extends to four layers (as explained above), and may lead to exactly opposite results. It is quintessential to ensure that the citadel of insolvency resolution does not have holes into it but at the same time, it is also important to ensure that the citadel is not inaccessible, with no steps, doors or windows.
The intent of Section 29A will be counter- productive if it results into a whole lot of intending resolution applicants being disentitled, because the recursive definitions of related party, connected persons etc are cast wide enough, intertwining all the entities promoted by an entity.
[1] http://ibbi.gov.in/webadmin/pdf/legalframwork/2017/Nov/180404_2017-11-24%2007:16:09.pdf
[2] http://ibbi.gov.in/webadmin/pdf/legalframwork/2018/Jan/182066_2018-01-20%2023:35:29.pdf
[3] Last update as on 10.02.2018.
[The opinions expressed in this article are the personal opinions of the author. The facts and opinions appearing in the article do not reflect the views of LiveLaw and LiveLaw does not assume any responsibility or liability for the same]
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Housing crisis on the Sunshine Coast
Rents and prices are exploding in the first half of 2021
Watch our full discussion on YouTube.
This post was written using a transcript from the video at the top of the page. It has been edited for clarity.
PAUL: This video is going to be a bit of a state of the union on the current reality of the housing market on the Sunshine Coast, both if you're buying or if you're looking to rent and kind of what to expect and kind of our thoughts on it.
VAL: So, we have a housing crisis on the Coast. There's a committee put together, all the governments are talking about it. There is a housing crisis. What that means is that property values have skyrocketed in the last year. And there's a lot of shuffling and moving, going around. A lot of investors who have had rental properties are selling into this hot market. Now you have a lot of tenants being displaced and needing to find another place, but then they're not finding another place to rent. There are a lot of tenants looking for places. And then there's just the very high cost of housing because property values have gone up.
PHOTO SOURCE: Envato Elements
PAUL: You've got two things going on, I think, on the Coast. One is that there is the appreciation of the hot market that we're kind of seeing everywhere across North America, right? We're not immune to it here. We're getting it. But I think kind of hidden in that appreciation on the Sunshine Coast is there's also a market correction going on. Five years ago, you could have bought a new or next new condo here for under $400,000 with an ocean view and all the rest. The equivalent property in Vancouver might've been three or four times that. And I think people were looking and thinking, "Man, I'm saving SO much money. It's worth the trade-off to live in a small town." This was even before this big lust for living in a rural, small community hit the world at large. I think that we're seeing that market correction, ad then on top of it, it's extra, extra hot because the market is just hot in general.
VAL: And we don't have the Foreign Buyer's Tax here on the Sunshine Coast, like Vancouver does. And so there's less taxes when you buy here. And so then it is attracting investors to come in and buy in this area.
PAUL: The fact of the matter is, is that if you're coming in and you're buying a house for $800,000, $900,000, or a million dollars, what do you need to charge for?
VAL: Rents have gone up and then tenants are complaining that rents are high. Well, the landlord needs that rent high to cover the mortgage that he has on that property. It's not that they want to charge a zillion dollars for rent. It's, that's what the going rate is at.
PAUL: Not even the going rate. It's just a lot of times when you're getting financing on a rental property, you have to show the bank that it makes money. And For you to be able to buy the property, you need to say, "Yeah, I'll get X amount of rent for it." And that the landlord really has a choice. It's not that the bank is telling you, you've got to charge $3,000 per month. But just the formula that the bank gives you to say whether or not you can buy it dictates that you need to take $3,000 a month. While prices have gone up, rents have gone up, wages haven't gone up for people. Tenants are in a really, really bad spot. They're just getting beat to death in the housing market right now. We're inundated with people moving to the Sunshine Coast from Vancouver that want to live here and hoovering up that rental space. And when they're displaced, like Val said, and they're looking for someplace else, they were paying $1,500 a month someplace. Now all of a sudden it's $2,500 a month, which is a huge jump In a short period of time.
VAL: Especially when they could barely get by on that other rent that they didn't realize was a low at the time. And now it's just astronomical.
Renters getting priced out
PAUL: A lot of times when somebody is moving or relocating to a new area, the thought is, "Oh, I'll rent for a year or two years and see if I like it."
VAL: And that's a good plan.
PAUL: A really good plan. Two things are working against you right now, thought. First, you just can't find anything to rent, period. Even if you've got the money, it's really hard to find something to rent and that if you do end up renting the pace at which the market is moving, you're just pricing yourself out of the market if you don't buy right away, when you come in. Is it going to last? Is the market going to stay hot for another six months? Or a year? Or five years? Who knows what's going to happen? That's the risk you're taking when you come here and say, "OK, I'm going to rent for a year or two years." You're crossing your fingers that the market loses some of its steam or else you're going to be priced out of buying.
VAL: In our complex, for example, there's 20 different units, townhouse units, and standalone homes that are all part of this complex. And in the last few months, five have sold and they basically sold first day on the market or within five days on the market. The only reason they even last five days on the market is because the Realtor will hold onto the property and won't accept offers until five days in and they collect a whole bunch of competing offers. And out of those five units in our complex that sold, three were rentals. Now those three people got displaced and had to go find another place. The one lady was letting me know that she did find another place to rent, but she was one of 40 people who applied for that place. She got it because she's a single, elderly lady. Not that you don't want to rent to families and people with pets and that, but a landlord looks at an older single person and thinks, "This is the least wear and tear on my property."
PAUL: And landlords see guaranteed income. She's probably on a pension, right? A landlord doesn't have have to worry about her losing her job or her income. A landlord can put her in the property and forget about her. So when you've got 40 applicants in front of you, you pick the one that you're most sure is going to pay you and that you feel most comfortable is going to put the least amount of wear and tear on the suite. If you don't find yourself in that category, you have some stiff, stiff competition. And we're even hearing stories about landlords having open houses where crowds of tenants come for group viewings of the rental property. Some of the would-be tenants go to see the property and when they're there, they say to the landlord, "?h, you want $2,000 a month? I'll give you $2,200 a month if you'll rent it to me right now. I'm ready to take it." So even renters are bidding up prices on rents. It is cuckoo crazy time right now, if you're looking to move to the Sunshine Coast.
Wages not reflecting current housing prices
VAL: Even public servants, even if you're even working for the local governments or the town or you're town staff, even they can't find places to live. Employers might have a position coming up where they need to hire new employees but they can't fill that spot because the person they've hired can't find a place to live. So there's even a little bit of problem with getting workers. There are renters that work and have a job but then they have to leave the Sunshine Coast because they've been displaced from their current home and can't find a new place. People are being forced to move off Coast, even if they have a job.
PAUL: I think what fixes this is more properties. If you're going to add property to the market, that means you're going to need to build new structures. You know and I know that you can put up a house pretty quick, but you're not able to do it in days. It's going to take months and years for this market to get caught up. And the way that demand is right now is, I don't know if it'll ever be a balanced market. I don't think you could physically build houses fast enough to meet demand right now.
VAL: Yeah. I don't see it. It's a really tough situation. Even if local governments say say, "OK, build a whole bunch of houses," builders need to bring in the workers. And where are those workers going to stay? You could fill fields with fifth-wheels. Make trailer parks or work camps for these workers. But then there are all the rules and regulation where local governments decide where you can park an RV and where you can live. Local government decides whether they'll zone and approve for those dwellings. There are currently all these rules, but the truth is, I think the district is turning a blind eye right now because they know there's a housing problem.
PAUL: I do think that if the district started cracking down on illegal suites or tiny homes or RVs being where they're not supposed to be, it would be bedlam.
VAL: No, it's more important for them to deal with the housing crisis. So they're not going to tell people you can't stay in the trailer, on this land, on this location. They're not.
PAUL: Not that we're suggesting that you follow that course of action. But I think that's the reality of what's happening right now. Outside of supply, I don't know what fixes it the current market. The opposite not enough supply is a drop in demand. And I don't know what would lead to the drop in demand.
Impact of short-term rentals
VAL: The other factor that might've affected the supply in the market is that you've had homeowners who have had a long-term rental in their secondary suite and they've decided to turn that suite from a long-term rental into an Airbnb. Even before COVID, but still now, property owners just make a lot more money with Airbnb than they do with a long-term renter. So that's displaced a lot of tenants.
PAUL: If we're honest, I think the perception in BC is that with a vacation rental, a landlord will make way more money for way less aggravation. There's a lot of really, really good tenants out there that respect properties and pay rent on time. It's not those stories that would-be landlords hear. Would-be landlords hear stories like, "Oh, this tenant ruined the place," or, "The tenant turned my property into a grow op, " or any one of all these different horror stories. And when landlords hear that - even if that's just one in a hundred properties where that happens - that landlord says, "I can have a short-term vacation rental on my property and I'm going to get twice or three times the rent compared to what it would get with long-term tenants. And I don't have to deal with those problems from the horror stories because it's easy to tell that short-term tenant to leave."
VAL: Being a landlord in BC is hard because the rules are very much skewed towards the tenant. Even if the landlord does want to protect their property, or wants a decent return on investment, or just wants to collect rent without a fight, there's a lot more opportunity for the tenant to string the landlord along and not pay. And then the landlord is stuck with a property and with a tenant that they can't get rid of and they're making money on.
PAUL: I think tenants would probably argue with you that the laws are skewed towards the landlord. This is, I think part of a bigger discussion that we can fix right now. But I do think something that would address the situation would be a tenancy law with more teeth that protected the good tenants from the bad landlords that we all agree exist. But then it also protects the good landlords from the bad tenants. And I don't think that it goes both ways right now. Yes, there are landlords that abuse the system, but there are tenants that abuse the hell out of it, too. That abuse at both extremes has to be removed. And until you do that, investors with money are going to say, "I'll buy an investment property in Alberta or someplace where I don't have to deal with this stress. If somebody doesn't pay rent, I can evict them. If a tenant says they're going to destroy the place, I can evict them." Landlords don't want the hassle of a months' long ordeal to get back control of their own revenue property back. Saying we're going to punish landlords or punish tenants for bad behavior, I think is good. But at the same time, I think we want to say, we're going to reward people for good behavior. And if you want to get supply into the market, there are three ways you could do that...
VAL: Let’s hear it…
3 possible solutions
PAUL: At a federal level, if you're a mom and pop landlord, the federal government could say there's no capital gains tax. If you have one or two or three residential rental properties, a small number of residential units, there's a capital gains exemption.
VAL: A small number, I can understand.
PAUL: You wouldn't get that exemption for an apartment building or something big. It would have to a house, a condo, something like that. In that case, the owner wouldn't have to pay capital gains on that property class. What that allows landlords to do is say, "The property doesn't cashflow, but this might work as an investment because the property could appreciate in value." In essence, removing the capital gains tax from that type of property subsidizes the rent.
VAL: This would work in a scenario where landlords can't get enough rent to cover their expenses due to the initial cost of the property. But maybe the landlord would accept a monthly loss over the short to medium term if he or she believes that the property will appreciate and that appreciation would be tax free.
PAUL: That's right. If it's costing a landlord $500/mth or $1,000/mth to carry the property, this type of capital gains exemption would allow that landlord to say, "OK, if I own this property for three or four years, that's going to cost me $50,000 in negative cashflow. But over that period of time, if property is going to appreciate by $200,000, then maybe that $50,000 is an investment that I want to make."
VAL: The good thing about that is if an investor is to be able to buy a property and put a tenant in it and provide that housing, then that's good. And then that house, that home, doesn't sit not empty. There are some tenants who can't afford to buy, or just don't want to buy, and will likely never buy. There will always be a need for housing for tenants who can't afford to buy a home or don't want to buy one.
PAUL: The next thing that I think could be fixed to add more supply pretty much instantly to the market would be to allow strata owners, condo owners, to rent out their suites. But in BC, stratas can decide that they don't want to allow tenants and that they don't want to have renters in their complex. I think provincially, the government could just undo that with a stroke of the pen. And you would have lot of properties that you could put people into as rentals.
VAL: I dunno if I like this one. It makes sense, but we live in a complex and... But you know, we were tenants. We were great tenants. So to say that we wouldn't have wanted to have us as a neighbor would have been ridiculous.
PAUL: In Edmonton, we were landlords and we had really good tenants. I have no heartache condo owners being able to rent their units out. If you couple that with a stronger tenancy law, as quickly as it takes a majority government - a majority that the NDP has right now - to say that we're going to address this housing crisis with allowing strata owners to rent their suites, I think you could probably add tens-of-thousands of units provincially to the market. If the government decided to do it, they could probably do it overnight.
VAL: Some condo units are just sitting empty because owners aren't allow to rent those units out.
PAUL: Here at a municipal level – well, not just here but municipally in general - but I think that what our town could affect is that there should be a grant for people that want to add a secondary suite or a laneway home or a garage suite or something like that. I think that if I were in charge of the town, I would say that if you're a developer that wants to build in the area, I'm going to put a pretty big tax on your developments. Maybe thousands of dollars per unit. Three, four, $5,000 per unit. The town is going to stick that money into its pocket and they're going to set it aside for affordable housing. Once that fund builds a bit, then a homeowner could say, "I want to build a laneway home," or, "I want to put a secondary suite in my home," and the town would have a program that that homeowner with $10,000 or $20,000 or $40,000 or whatever the amount the town thinks is reasonable to subsidize an affordable rental unit. The town will give that homeowner the money to build the suite but there are strings attached. The strings are that the unit needs to be a residential unit, it needs to be rented at below market rent and the town will dictate what that rate will be. Lastly, if you take that money and you add that secondary suite, then you're committed to having it for 5 years, 10 years, or some other period of time as decided by the town.
VAL: What if the homeowner doesn't keep that space as a rental suite? Would they have to pay back that grant?
PAUL: That's right. To make the numbers real easy, the town says, "We'll give you up to $50,000 to build a laneway house at your home. And it has to be below market rent for five years. If in the third year, you decide to move and sell the home, you would owe the town $20,000." Repayment of the grant could be pro-rated. I don't think that the solution is for a town to take on the responsibility of building apartment buildings. To say that the town is going to build houses and that the town will act as the landlord. I don't think that's the town's job. The town's job is to make sure that the town functions, that's it. And then to create an environment that allows businesses to succeed, people to want to invest, and for landlords to want to build affordable housing. If I was going to ad supply, that's how I would do it. I'm not running for anything. I don't want emails that say, "Oh, you can't do that because of this rule." I'm just spit balling here. That's how I would fix it.
Research and have a plan before moving
VAL: To summarize, if have a goal or a plan to move somewhere, whether it's to BC or anywhere else, this is a reminder to check out the housing situation in that spot that you're considering moving to and to see what kind of planning you have to do. You don't want to just show up and then be surprised and have a moving van full of furniture and then be like, "Ah, I don't have any place to stay." And then you just end up turning around. So definitely plan the housing situation before you start packing and decide to move.
PAUL: Well, that was a nice, depressing video about life on BC's Sunshine Coast. If you have another sad subject, you want us to discuss, leave a note in the comments and we can discuss that in an upcoming episode. And let us know if you have questions about housing market and if you have a thought on how you would fix a housing shortage. It's really pronounced right here but I think people all over the country are hurting with it right now. If you're a homeowner, it's a good time to be a homeowner. If you're a renter, I don't think life's nearly as good.
VAL: That's that. Take care. Guys. We'll see you in the next video.
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Think at London Business School
Thinking ahead: AI and automating corporate ethics
Think - AT LONDON BUSINESS SCHOOL
The digital revolution has brought in a new dimension to the challenge of ensuring responsible behaviour
Ioannis Ioannou and Sam Baker
Regulation Disruption Technology Strategy
The issue of corporate ethics is never far from the business media headlines. Take the troubles embroiling former Nissan chair Carlos Ghosn, or the accounting problems at Patisserie Valerie in the UK, to name just two recent examples. Despite the best intentions and efforts of policymakers, legislators, boards and professional consultants, the corporate scandals keep coming.
Now, to further complicate matters, the latest developments in the digital revolution are adding a new dimension to the challenge of ensuring companies and their executives behave responsibly. Ioannis Ioannou, Associate Professor of Strategy and Entrepreneurship at London Business School, and Sam Baker, Monitor Deloitte Partner, suggest that, while the widespread introduction of AI and machine learning technologies can be a force for good, without the right approach there is a risk that the corporate ethics waters become even murkier.
As Ioannou and Baker note there is widespread pressure from stakeholders for corporations and their employees to behave in a responsible manner. So much so, that such behaviour is no longer optional but critical to sustaining financial performance. The pressure is evident from all directions. From consumer dissatisfaction aired via social media, from the the letter to CEOs from Larry Fink, Chair and CEO of asset managers BlackRock, highlighting the need for companies to have a positive social impact, from regulatory measures to ensure good environmental practices, from millennials who insist on working for responsible organisations.
"All of the material stakeholders of a company today insist on more responsible behaviour," says Ioannou. "Part of that is down to the size of many corporations today. Take the world's largest 100 economic entities - according to Global Justice Now, sixty-nine of those are companies, the rest are countries. With that kind of size comes a huge footprint, impacting on the environment, labour markets, consumers, touching the lives of more people, creating an elevated sense of responsibility and demands for accountability."
Size is not the only issue. The digital economy is another critically important factor, adds Baker. Digital technologies create greater visibility for corporate actions and adverse outcomes, enable people to link the two more easily. Furthermore, the speed and breadth of communication afforded to stakeholders allows them to make views known more persuasively and forcibly, and take action more effectively.
The impact of AI
And this is far from the only impact that the digital revolution is having on corporate ethics. Take the introduction of specific technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and machine learning, for example. "To some extent digitisation codifies decisions," says Baker. "Artificial intelligence and machine learning probably takes that a bit further and devolves some of those decision making powers to machines. We are not just codifying a decision that we would make, we are codifying the way we make decisions as well."
Ioannou argues that AI and machine learning have the potential to optimise decision making for the benefit of organisations, as well as for society more generally. "If these tools can fundamentally increase the quality, accuracy and timeliness of the information that goes into decision making then we are going to have higher quality decision making," he says.
"To take just one example, that higher quality decision making might allow companies to run their fleets more efficiently, optimise routes so that they use less energy and there are fewer carbon emissions, collect and report on relevant fleet information in a more timely manner, and keep an audit trail on how that information is gathered. On a bigger scale these algorithms can process, analyse and understand information, reducing uncertainties and creating incentives, in way that people cannot."
In an energy market, for example AI and machine learning can be used to make more accurate forecasts about electricity generation, how that might be affected by complex weather patterns, and the consequent impact on availability and pricing. There are enormous cost benefits, too.
However, while optimised decision making via AI has the potential to embed 'automated' ethical decision making into organisations, thus helping to avoid ethical considerations being lost in the myriad of daily activities, as both Baker and Ioannou point out the reality is more complicated.
"Whether optimisation is about making things better at the macro level for society, or for individuals or organisations, a beneficial outcome still depends on a decision being a 'good' decision, from an ethical perspective," says Baker. "Without absolute clarity on what is good or bad, we may run into difficulty."
Unfortunately, the dividing line between good and bad is not always clear cut. Both in the case of the framework within which AI aided decision making occurs, and for the actual AI algorithms that optimise the decision making process. Setting aside the possibility of organisations deliberately using AI for purposes that general consensus might construe as 'bad', or programmers purposefully coding unethical AI in bad faith, there are still issues such as conflict of interests and unintended consequences to contend with.
Baker offers the example of AI used to make more accurate decisions about the health of individuals. Such information might legitimately be used by a hospital to improve a person's healthcare outcomes. But that same information might equally be used to deny the same person health related insurance. What is ethical or not may ultimately depend on the more broadly agreed framework within which AI enabled decisions are made.
Then there are the possible unintended consequences associated with the creation and deployment of the AI itself. "Think about a situation when an algorithm optimises mobility within a smart city," says Ioannou. "Yes it can run the entire network and do so efficiently, reducing carbon emissions. But what if people then start using this mobility network even more, cancelling out the environmental efficiencies, and how many people are going to lose their jobs because now the network of mobility is being run by an algorithm? That is why we need to think about this not only from a strict efficiency and cost perspective but by accounting for these outcomes in a broader social context."
And even with the best intentions it is possible to build inherent biases into AI. The debate around bias in facial recognition technology is a good example of the challenges faced. To the extent that Brad Smith, Microsoft President, recently suggested laws should be introduced to govern this use of AI technology.
Ethical safeguards
That is why both Ioannou and Baker stress the need for safeguards accompanying the growing deployment of AI. "First of all we want to be clear on what we think is 'good' or 'bad', what is ethical, across different cultures, and that means organisations using and referencing widely accepted frameworks, such as the UN's sustainable development goals, the UN Global Compact, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as guidance," says Baker.
Education is also essential, both inside organisations at senior management level at the very least, and for the broader public, too. "Certainly the top leadership of the organisation has a responsibility to understand the AI and monitor it, in the same way as it has a responsibility to monitor an organisation's culture and values," says Ioannou. "The added complexity is that it requires specialised knowledge. But leaders are taking on a huge risk if they adopt these technologies without profoundly understanding them."
Ideally, adds Baker, we need technology solutions that help communicate the basis and implications of AI based decisions to those responsible, in an automated way, as that basis evolves. Similarly, if unethical decision making is to be detected and exposed, the broader public needs to be educated about these complex issues, providing a second line of defence outside of organisations. The challenge here may be reaching non-digital natives, and those who have not benefited from studying new technologies as part of their standard school curricula.
And there is a strong case for organisations having to use AI within well-defined regulatory frameworks. "There is a role for government and other institutions in terms of regulation and governance," says Ioannou. "For instance, look what happened when the UK government decided to mandate reporting on the gender pay gap. It shines a light on the issue. Why not on AI and algorithms, especially when there are risks such as inherent bias?"
Indeed, given the widespread adoption of non-financial reporting in areas such as sustainability, for example, it is easy to see a future when reporting performance against a range of ethical metrics and frameworks becomes commonplace. And, ideally, organisations will constantly monitor the suitability of those metrics and frameworks in the context of the changing business environment including the emergence of new technologies, accounting for ethical considerations, to ensure relevance.
Despite the risks, assuming appropriate safeguards are introduced, there are good grounds for optimism - that adopting AI technologies may lead to more responsible behaviour by organisations. Not necessarily because decisions fuelled by AI will 'automate' the ethical content of decision making, or that AI optimisation means ethical decision making is easier or more likely, although that may prove the case. It is as much that growing interest in the possible impact of AI is likely to prompt greater and much needed awareness and discussion about related ethical issues.
"We have got to break the idea that this is a black box and does not really affect us, or that it is too complicated," says Baker. "Because we need to care what is being done on our behalf, the influences we are being subjected to that we are unaware of."
"You want to avoid a situation where you have a global elite that understands AI algorithms and their complex technologies and controls them without explicit accountability," adds Ioannou. "Do we want private companies and their algorithms deciding what is and isn't hate speech on social media, for example, or making those kinds of decisions on a range of other issues? What are the principles and safeguards we want around these kinds of algorithms?
“It is not that we are going to rediscover ethics, but as a society we need to have a conversation about ethics in this particular context, a situation which is different from anything we have seen before."
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The Most Memorable Roles Of Dustin Hoffman
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By Rob Clough/April 6, 2022 2:30 am EST
A case could be made that Dustin Hoffman is the greatest living American actor, among the last of a handful of true movie stars. Of course, a case could also be made that Dustin Hoffman's legacy is tarnished.
No matter how you feel about the man, this much is indisputable. He's a two-time Oscar winner, nominated for Best Actor seven times in four different decades. He's one of the most famous Method actors, one who has been known to resort to extremes in an effort to fully inhabit his iconic roles in films like "Kramer vs Kramer," "Marathon Man" and "Lenny."
Hoffman was also a product of his times, coming of age at the dawn of the 1970's, an era that would soundly reject square-jawed leading men for the complicated visages of Elliott Gould, Al Pacino and Jack Nicholson. Here was an everyman who invested his roles with a nervous energy and charisma demanding your attention. Everything he seemed to touch entered the zeitgeist, from "Midnight Cowboy" to "The Graduate" to "All the President's Men" and "Straw Dogs." He became a counter-culture darling portraying mixed-up, confused, frequently angry young men. As he grew older, he expanded this range even further, becoming a box-office fixture in crowd-pleasers from "Rain Man" to "Tootsie" and "Outbreak."
Even the films that weren't box-office successes — Arthur Penn's "Little Big Man," the Edward Bunker-penned "Straight Time," Steven Spielberg's "Hook" — featured Hoffman taking big swings for the fences. These days, he seems to finally be slowing down, perhaps as the result of age or perhaps because of efforts to re-evaluate his legacy. Either way, it's hard to come up with a living actor who has starred in more classic films — below, a ranking of his most notable roles, ranked by the quality of the film, its place in the pantheon of his performances, and RottenTomatoes.com.
25. Ishtar (1987)
True, it might be Hoffman's worst movie. But it's also impossible to look back on the man's career without pausing for one of the most notorious bombs in the history of Hollywood.
Hoffman and Warren Beatty reportedly took on their roles in honor of screenwriter Elaine May, who did uncredited script rewrites on Beatty's 1981 Oscar-winning film "Reds" and Hoffman's "Tootsie." May pitched a comedy in the tradition of the Bob Hope and Bing Crosby "Road" movies, about two terrible singer-songwriters forced to take a gig in Morocco after failing elsewhere. Along the way, they would run into political shenanigans with rebels and the CIA. Released in 1987, the film's name would become infamous with Hollywood bad ideas.
Hoffman was reluctant to star as sleazy singer Chuck Clarke because he thought the action plot in Morocco took away from the heart of the film, but he did it anyway. Each lead was paid over $5 million for signing on, and May got paid over a million for her script and direction. The filming itself was a disaster, with Beatty and May at odds throughout and Hoffman often playing mediator. Each principal also had final cut, which made the film even more costly. In the end, "Ishtar" wound up costing $55 million and made just $14 million worldwide. It sports a 38% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with critic David Parkinson saying it was "one of the grossest miscalculations of the blockbuster era."
24. Sphere (1998)
Warner Bros. Pictures
Michael Crichton always excelled at plot-heavy, conceptual science-fiction via film adaptations of "Jurassic Park," "Westworld" and other books, but his characters tended to be interchangeable, which was a huge problem for 1998's Barry Levinson dud "Sphere."
Hoffman was still a bankable star when he was cast in this psychological, underwater, sci-fi thriller, and co-stars Samuel L. Jackson and Sharon Stone were near their peak powers as well. Starring as a psychologist, Hoffman's character had been recruited for his writing about alien life to a base where what appeared to be an alien ship had been recovered. An artifact that apparently had the power to control reality was also found, but that intriguing wrinkle was reduced to a lot of talking heads. Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times said "The more the movie explains itself, the more ordinary it becomes."
It was a huge box-office flop, making just $37 million on an $80 million budget. It currently has just an 11% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, and isn't even remembered as a so-bad-it's-good flop; it's just boring. Critic Leigh Paatsch of the (Australian) Herald-Sun said "It pays to be incredibly suspicious of a movie where nearly all dramatic tension is drawn from characters standing around bleeping computer screens and commenting on how bad things look." Even an actor as good as Hoffman couldn't elevate cardboard characters and flat dialogue.
23. Hook (1991)
TriStar Pictures
Not even Steven Spielberg can hit a home run every time, and he was not pleased with his reimagining of Peter Pan in 1991's "Hook." Robin Williams starred as the boy who never grew up, only in this movie, he did grow up and had two children. The problem was that he forgot his true identity until former nemesis Captain Hook ( Hoffman) kidnapped them. Spielberg said that he liked the first act of the film but didn't like the fantasy sequences, because "my imagination only went as far as building physical sets and trying to paint trees blue and red."
The movie was a reasonable success, making over $300 million worldwide, although only $119 million domestically. That was on a $70 million budget, which was a good return but not at the expected blockbuster level for Spielberg. At the time, the only movie that ever had a bigger budget was "Terminator 2." It was a critical flop, with just a 29% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said "The crucial failure in 'Hook' is its inability to re-imagine the material, to find something new, fresh or urgent to do with the Peter Pan myth" and said Hoffman acted "as if he were doing an imitation instead of a performance."
Hoffman based Hook's accent on political commentator William F. Buckley. His heavy costume "included a yak's-hair wig, a five-pound steel hook and an air-conditioning hose running up the back of his velvet waistcoat."
22. Billy Bathgate (1991)
Buena Vista Pictures
Sometimes, even a great director, screenwriter, and a legendary star like Dustin Hoffman can't make a film work. Based on the E.L. Doctorow novel about the mobster Dutch Schultz, "Billy Bathgate" was directed by Robert Benton (of "Kramer Vs. Kramer"), Tom Stoppard wrote the script and Bruce Willis, Nicole Kidman, Stanley Tucci, and Steve Buscemi were all in it. Much like Bruce Willis' character, it deserved to be thrown overboard.
The flick stands at just 38% fresh on Rotten Tomatoes and was a box-office flop, making a mere $15 million on a $48 million budget. Its similarity to 1990's "Goodfellas" didn't do it any favors, as "Bathgate" similarly focused on a fish-out-of-water young gangster becoming part of an established world. The problem was that the actor who played the titular character, Loren Dean, played "a young man so bland and colorless that even becoming the protege of a gangster doesn't make him interesting," according to critic Roger Ebert.
Hoffman played Schultz but reportedly had trouble getting along with Benton. Stoppard completely changed the structure of the source material. Ebert said of Hoffman that Schultz was "one of his rare dispensable performances. There is nothing here — absolutely nothing — that needed Dustin Hoffman to do it." Other critics described the film as boring and joyless, even as it looked good. Sometimes, the magic just isn't there.
21. Mr. Magorium's Wonder Emporium (2007)
Dustin Hoffman can be a lot of things, but "whimsical" is not chief among them. That was the first problem with 2007's "Mr. Magorium's Wonder Emporium," a movie featuring Hoffman in the titular role as the ancient proprietor of a magic toy shop. It was so bland and deliberately courting a young audience that rough edges were non existent, leaving in its wake "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" without the bite. Critic David Gritten of the Daily Telegraph (UK) said "there's nothing here to upset the children. (Not, that is, unless they're allergic to Hoffman's hammy, Method-derived acting)."
The film received just a 39% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, making a modest $69 million worldwide. A film with Hoffman, Natalie Portman, and Jason Bateman simply shouldn't have been this dull, but it succumbed to one of the worst pitfalls of storytelling: the audience was constantly being told how magical and whimsical the shop and Mr. Magorium were, rather than shown.
Kudos to Hoffman for taking a risk and accepting a role so far out of his comfort zone, but the end product is anything but "Wonder"ful.
20. Meet The Fockers (2004)
After 2000's "Meet The Parents" became a surprise hit (riding the wave of Robert DeNiro playing against type in a broad comedy spoof), a sequel was inevitable, and pairing DeNiro with another late-career icon seemed like inspired casting.
In the original film, Ben Stiller's anxious Jewish character Greg Focker was trying to impress the WASP father of his girlfriend, leading to all sorts of cringe comedy. When it came time for the sequel, director Jay Roach cast Hoffman as Greg's dad Bernie and Barbra Streisand as his mother Roz.
"Fockers" had DeNiro transferring his mistrust of Stiller to Hoffman, who abandoned his job to become a stay-at-home dad. The result was an even bigger hit: over $500 million worldwide. However, it was rated as just 38% fresh on Rotten Tomatoes. While the Hoffman-Streisand pairing was generally praised in terms of their performances, critics like the Austin Chronicle's Marjorie Baumgarten said "The abundance of talent gathered for 'Meet the Fockers' is sadly shortchanged by the unimaginative script and directorial laissez faire." Sure, it was a crowd-pleaser, but a movie featuring two of the greatest actors alive should have been a lot more than an easy paycheck and toilet humor.
19. Outbreak (1995)
The contagion thriller "Outbreak" starred Hoffman as a military researcher named Col. Sam Daniels. For obvious reasons, the film about a virulent virus had a significant renewal in interest during the global COVID-19 pandemic, becoming one of Netflix's most streamed movies in March of 2020. This mix of science, politics, thrills, and romance was a big box office draw in its first run as well, making nearly $190 million worldwide. When it was released, it was predicated on a fear of extremely fatal diseases like ebola leading to mass outbreaks in the US.
Rather than rely on science to generate tension, "Outbreak" takes certain liberties in advancing the tension of its narrative. As such, it was frequently emotionally manipulative and easy to predict. Its essential quality as a potboiler was why it received just a 59% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said of Hoffman's role that he "has been recycled out of dozens of other movies; he's the military version of that old crime standby, the Cop With a Theory No One Believes In." His sincerity makes the role work, but the over-the-top action sequences of the third act make him less essential than he was earlier in the film.
18. I Heart Huckabees (2004)
Fox Searchlight Pictures
What better actor than Dustin Hoffman could you choose to star in an "existential comedy," as directed by David O. Russell? Hoffman played Bernard Jaffee opposite Lily Tomlin's Vivian Jaffe in 2004's "I Heart Huckabees." They were a husband-wife existential detective team, aiding a young, lovesick activist named Albert Markovski, played by Jason Schwartzman. What followed was a highly improvisational, loose series of performances about the intersection of transcendental love and nihilist absurdism, juxtaposed against an anti-capitalist ecological story. There was a lot going on here, and Hoffman chewed the scenery as Bernard.
An offbeat film like this had a modest $20 million budget and it made about that much worldwide. It's earned a 63% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Even if a viewer has no interest in philosophy or religion, the gags and pacing of the film move so quickly that the whole thing is fun to watch, not a chore. Schwartzman was terrified to work with Hoffman, saying "Dustin Hoffman is the reason why I wanted to become an actor and suddenly I was working with him." The bizarre methodology of the detectives included following them around and recording everything and zipping them up into blankets. Instead of being pretentious, it proved to be playful and weird, and that's thanks to the cast taking on this challenge head-on.
17. Hero (1992)
Dustin Hoffman has often been at home playing sleazy lowlifes who nonetheless manage to transcend their circumstances and touch the lives of others. A perfect case in point is 1992's "Hero," where Hoffman plays a thief named Bernie LaPlante. He's a study in contrasts as a man whose better angels compel him to help others in the most dire of situations, but whose personal demons lead him to rob them blind while doing so. In this case, he saved the lives of the survivors of an airplane crash, including a television reporter named Gail Gayley, played by Geena Davis. Of course, he also stole her purse and pickpocketed the wallets of many others he helped to save.
He tells a homeless Vietnam vet named John (played by Andy Garcia) about the rescue, and John takes credit in order to claim a reward. The film is a push and pull between them, as Bernie has to deal with going to jail for trying to fence stolen credit cards while the genuinely virtuous John accepts credit for what he didn't do. Even in the end, the sly brain of Bernie allows him to profit.
The film made a modest $19 million in the US but received a solid 67% fresh rating from Rotten Tomatoes. While it was more than a little sentimental, Hoffman's believably grimy performance helped cut through all that syrup.
16. Agatha (1979)
This Michael Apted-directed flick had as much drama off the screen as it did on. A fictitious account of what might have happened to famed mystery writer Agatha Christie when she disappeared for 11 days in 1926, it came from screenwriter Kathleen Tynan, who had been intrigued by the story and did a great deal of research, as she initially considered making it a documentary. Hoffman was also interested in the project and got the rights through his deal with First Artists Production. In exchange for taking no salary, he had total creative control over the project.
Because FAP required that Hoffman be one of the leads, a small supporting role was transformed into Wally Stanton, an American journalist obsessed with Christie. He follows her around after her husband leaves her for his secretary until he's able to figure out what she's going to. While not a full-blown romance, it's hinted at, and the writers balked at Hoffman's level of control, with Hoffman suing the studio for reneging on promises of total freedom. The critics enjoyed the abbreviated story, giving it a 71% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. It made a modest $7.5 million at the box office after nearly being withheld from release, as the Christie estate tried to block it. Hoffman and co-star Vanessa Redgrave completely disappeared in their roles, and it was especially interesting to see Hoffman, known for somewhat seedy work, play the role of an effete society gentleman.
15. American Buffalo (1996)
The Samuel Goldwyn Company
What if Ratso Rizzo of "Midnight Cowboy" hadn't died? He might have wound up as the sleazy, greasy-haired loser Teach of 1996's "American Buffalo." A highly spare adaptation of the claustrophobic play by David Mamet, it's got the usual Mamet qualities. It's a satire and pointed critique of capitalism and the concept of hustling to succeed. It received a solid 74% fresh rating from Rotten Tomatoes with a limited release.
The plot follows Donny (played by Dennis Franz), plotting a heist with a young man named Bobby, played by Sean Nelson. The very premise points out Donny's incompetence, as he mistakenly sold a valuable Buffalo nickel from his run-down pawn shop. He schemed to get it back with Bobby, who frequently hung out in the shop. The shiftless Teach forces himself into the scheme, which disintegrates in a hail of mutual distrust. The appeal of the film is the taut, profane Mamet dialogue delivered in fast-paced, staccato style. Hoffman absolutely devours this, although there's a conflict between Hoffman's preferred naturalism and the mannered Mamet speech patterns. Anne Stilson of the Daily Telegraph (U.K.) said "Hoffman...never allows you to forget that he's reciting lines."
14. Papillon (1973)
Allied Artists Pictures
Dustin Hoffman was often cast in films where small roles were made bigger to entice him to sign on. That was true of "Papillon," the gritty 1973 Steve McQueen-centered prison escape epic where Hoffman's character, forger Louis Dega, was greatly expanded from the original book. The film was based on the true story of Henri "Papillon" Charrière, a French man sentenced to a prison camp in French Guiana for the crime of murder. It's a grueling, visceral film lightened by Hoffman's comedic performance and the warmth of Dega's enduring friendship with Papillon. Papillon was a role befitting McQueen's status as an action film icon, while Dega's role as a schemer and comedic foil was perfect for Hoffman. The gorgeous backdrops (shot on location in Spain and Jamaica) helped offset the relentless cruelty portrayed onscreen.
It ran into budget problems but easily made back its $13 million budget, earning $53 million worldwide. While its grim qualities and deliberate, episodic pacing wasn't for everyone, it still earned a 77% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Richard Schickel of Time said that "Hoffman submerges himself eccentrically and amusingly in the coward's role." In 2017, a remake had Charlie Hunnam and Rami Malek attempting to update the classic.
13. The Meyerowitz Stories (New And Selected) (2017)
Fifty years after his film debut, Hoffman was still actively working and portraying complicated characters who were not necessarily likable. In 2017's "The Meyerowitz Stories (New And Selected)," Hoffman anchors an ensemble cast of comedic actors in a family drama. Directed by Noah Baumbach, it's the story of Harold Meyerowitz and his family. Harold (played by Hoffman) is a bitter artist whose work has mostly been ignored, and he's been relegated to being a teacher for most of his career. It co-stars Adam Sandler and Jean Marvel as Harold's children, and Ben Stiller as their half-brother, a successful accountant.
It currently sports a 93% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes and would rank higher on this list if it wasn't an ensemble piece. As the patriarch of a wildly dysfunctional family, Harold is impossible to please. He refuses to be part of a group show, especially when an old friend and much more successful artist gets a retrospective at the MoMA. He throws a fit when his accountant son tells him to sell his townhouse because Harold can no longer afford it. He causes a scene in a restaurant when he loudly complains about the prices, until his son says he'll pay. A highlight is a screaming match between Hoffman and Stiller, as the latter resents Hoffman's character choosing art over money.
Hoffman is clearly energized working with such a great cast, and Fletcher Powell of KMUW said "Hoffman is the best he's been in decades."
12. Marathon Man (1976)
Fewer words in the history of cinema are more chilling than "Is it safe?"
That iconic quote from John Shlesinger's "Marathon Man" is ranked #70 on the American Film Institute's 100 Greatest Movie Quotes Of All Time list, and arrives during one of the most brutal torture scenes in the history of cinema. Starring Dustin Hoffman as a grad student and runner named Babe Levy who gets mixed up with a Nazi war criminal, the film co-stars Sir Laurence Olivier.
Babe's brother Doc (Roy Scheider) is a spy who had dealings with Olivier's Zell, and Zell kidnaps and tortures Babe because he thinks he knows where his diamonds are. The diamonds were acquired from victims of the Holocaust, making Zell an especially repulsive villain. Zell tortures Babe with a dental drill on a healthy tooth with a live nerve, producing agonizing results. It's the calm, almost placid expression on Zell's face that makes him so terrifying, but Hoffman's portrayal of an everyman thrust into a nightmare is instantly relatable.
The movie has an 81% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes and it made $21 million. Hoffman's Method acting annoyed Olivier, and they reportedly clashed at times. When Hoffman told Olivier that in order to simulate his character being up for three days in a row, Hoffman actually stayed up to achieve that level of exhaustion, Olivier's famous response was, "Why don't you just try acting?"
11. Straight Time (1978)
Dustin Hoffman was always fascinating as a gritty low-life because he didn't have the tough-guy veneer of a Robert DeNiro, James Caan or Al Pacino. When Hoffman plays a criminal, one gets the sense that this person made a lot of questionable life decisions to get to that point, not because they were inherently bad. That was certainly true of 1978's "Straight Time," a story about a thief trying to go straight who decides that he will never get an even break, so he returns to a violent life of crime.
Based on the novel "No Beast So Fierce" by Edward Bunker (a real-life bank robber who later became a Hollywood fixture as an authenticity expert/larger-than-life bit player in films like Quentin Tarantino's "Reservoir Dogs"), the film earned an 82% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with some detractors simply unwilling to go along with Hoffman's thief character being so opaque. Vincent Canby of the New York Times praised it, saying "The movie makes no attempt to explain Max. It simply says that this is the way he is. It requires us to fill in the gaps, and it's the measure of the film that we want to." It co-starred Harry Dean Stanton, Gary Busey, and M. Emmett Walsh as a sadistic parole officer.
This was the first film of Hoffman's ill-fated relationship with First Artist Productions. He was initially tabbed to direct the film as well, but his perfectionist tendencies were so intense that he wasn't able to juggle acting, directing, and producing. He voluntarily quit, and it was turned over to Ulu Grosbard. He later sued First Artists (of which he was a member) over a creative control dispute.
10. Wag The Dog (1997)
The last of Dustin Hoffman's seven Oscar nominations came in 1997 for his role in this political satire, which told the timely late-'90s tale of a president caught up in a sex scandal. Released in theaters one month before the Bill Clinton-Monica Lewinsky story broke, the Barry Levinson-directed, David Mamet-written film cast DeNiro as a spin doctor who comes up with a scheme to confabulate a fake war in order to distract the press. To help him with the hoax, he hires a Robert Evans-like Hollywood producer named Stanley Motss, played by Hoffman. The film became a box office success and a cultural talking point, earning an 86% fresh rating from Rotten Tomatoes and making $64 million worldwide, an excellent figure for a prestige film.
Despite an all-star cast, it was Hoffman who stood out as the producer who manufactured a war against Albania, turned a psychotic soldier into a war hero, and helped get the president re-elected, all for nothing.
9. Little Big Man (1970)
National General Pictures
Throughout much of his career, Hoffman was a bankable enough star, but he rarely seemed interested in the most commercial of films. A good case in point was Western satire "Little Big Man" where Hoffman played 121-year-old Jack "Little Big Man" Crabb, the oldest man in the world.
Telling his incredible story to a historian who dutifully recorded Crabb's frequently hilarious yarns, he had been raised by the Cheyenne, spent time with a hypocritical white family with his foster mother being sex-crazed, met Wild Bill Hickock, and worked for the infamous General Custer (a hilarious Richard Mulligan). The movie was a bitter send-up of traditional Westerns, and fairly progressive for the time, presenting the Native Americans as the sympathetic characters.
Hoffman was perfect for the role because he wasn't a typical action movie star, and Crabb was not a heroic character; he was just a guy who managed to live for a long time, see a lot of things, and have a deep understanding of the way things are. Hoffman's Crabb was funny, sad, furious, and simply a survivor. Hoffman wore a foam latex mask for his segments as the old man, which allowed a lot less facial mobility. Made with a $7 million budget, the film grossed $31 million worldwide. It earned a 96% fresh rating at Rotten Tomatoes, as its satire hit home.
8. All The President's Men (1976)
Considered by some to be among the best movies ever made, "All The President's Men" is one of the quintessential films of the '70s, with Dustin Hoffman and Robert Redford as its leads.
What makes this film unusual is that it was far more than a paycheck for Hoffman and Redford, two of the biggest movie stars in the world at the time. The movie is a dramatization of Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, whose investigation of the Watergate Hotel burglary led all the way to the White House, eventually forcing President Richard Nixon to resign in order to avoid impeachment. Working with a source known as "Deep Throat," they took his advice and "followed the money" as they were eventually able to make definitive links through tracking cash payments.
Early in their investigation, Woodward and Bernstein had little to go on. However, when Redford saw their first crack at the conspirators, he encouraged them to keep going and then bought the rights to their book about the investigation. Hoffman wanted to buy the rights as well, but was beaten to the punch by Redford, so he later cast him to co-star. The film has a 94% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes and made a whopping $70 million worldwide after a fairly modest initial budget of $5 million. Hoffman said that the relatively sparse characterization of the leads was intentional, because they didn't want to distract from the mind-boggling plot.
7. Tootsie (1982)
1982's "Tootsie" was a typical Hoffman production. This was a film that went through multiple screenwriters and directors before Sydney Pollack took the directorial assignment. Hoffman encouraged him to take an acting role in the film, but later battled him over the creative direction of the film. Hoffman didn't have final cut, but he did have a say in the editing room. Like with many of his films, Hoffman sued the studio for earnings withheld. "Tootsie" was about an unemployed actor named Michael Dorsey who has a hard time getting roles because he's hard to work with due to his perfectionism (not unlike Hoffman). Upon hearing about a role for a female character in a soap opera, he dresses like a woman and calls himself "Dorothy Michaels" in order to land it.
Playing Dorothy with a feminist bent, he becomes hugely popular. Things become problematic, however, when he falls in love with his co-star while at the same time having a girlfriend. To study for the role, Hoffman noted that he watched the cross-dressing farce "La Cage Aux Folles" multiple times. He also spent several months on the set of the popular soap opera "General Hospital" in order to get a sense of the rhythm of the show. The movie was a smash hit, making $177 million worldwide on a $30 million budget. It also has a 90% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. "Tootsie" became a cultural phenomenon, also earning Hoffman his fifth Oscar nomination for Best Actor.
6. Straw Dogs (1971)
Cinerama Releasing Corporation
It's not surprising that a movie directed by maverick artist Sam Peckinpah would be Hoffman's most controversial. "Straw Dogs," released in 1971, was extremely violent and graphic, as most Peckinpah movies were, but there seemed to be less of a meditation on violence and more of an embrace of it with the reasoning that humans are inherently violent, territorial creatures.
The film follows mathematician and professor David Sumner (Hoffman) and his young wife Amy as they move to her house in southwest England to get away from volatile campus politics. David is a pacifist and icily contemptuous of Amy's rough-and-tumble origins, while she questions his passions. Her ex-boyfriend and his pals are hired to fix their roof, and they are contemptuous of him, killing the family cat. When some invite him hunting the next day as a prank, Amy's ex-boyfriend and another man rape her in the film's most controversial scene. A misunderstanding with a local man leads a lynch mob to David's house. He snaps, embracing his intrinsic violence and using a series of improvised traps and weapons to kill them all.
Critic Pauline Kael admired Peckinpah's artistry and Hoffman's performance while despising the violence, calling it "the first American film that is a fascist work of art." Though deeply polarizing, the film still has an 81% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Hoffman is deeply submerged in his role as ineffective intellectual in a way few other artists could have matched, making the film all the more shocking when he snaps.
5. Lenny (1974)
For a perfectionist and Method actor who fully immerses himself in his roles, playing infamous comedian Lenny Bruce in 1974's "Lenny" was a difficult experience. Bruce was known for his battles with the authorities over what was deemed obscenities in his stand-up act. He was frequently arrested, with the police even going so far as to plant people in his audiences. Toward the end of his career, the broken pariah stopped telling jokes during his routine, instead reading from his court cases in some misguided attempt to make sense of his downfall. He died of a morphine overdose in 1966.
Reporter Tim Cahill of Rolling Stone was on the set and said "It is, [Hoffman] keeps saying, his most difficult role: the most demanding in terms of his craft, the most shattering in terms of emotional outlay. 'I never played anyone who lived before. Someone who died only eight years ago.' Hoffman spent three months listening to the records, watching the films and reading the books. He interviewed more than 50 people who had known Lenny well. What he wanted was some small seed from Lenny that he could relate to his own life."
Hoffman noted a kindred spirit with regard to work ethic: "I know from my own experience that I'm most happy when I'm deep into my own work. Working was very, very important to Lenny. And that's why when the work was taken away after all the busts, he began to fall apart."
Hoffman earned his third Oscar nomination, and the film has an 89% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
4. Rain Man (1988)
MGM/UA Communications Co.
"Rain Man" won Dustin Hoffman his second Best Actor award Oscar, made over $350 million worldwide in 1988, and has an 89% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. It's the story of a shady car salesman named Charlie Babbitt who learns that he has an autistic brother named Raymond in an institution after his father dies. His father left his considerable inheritance to Raymond, managed through the institution. Desperately needing money, Charlie takes Raymond away, first in hopes of ransoming him and then trying to get him to custody. They go cross-country and eventually wind up bonding, and Charlie abandons his schemes.
The film was based on a man named Kim Peek that screenwriter Barry Morrow met. His remarkable powers of memory were mimicked by Raymond in the film. Hoffman did his usual level of intense research, meeting with and studying Peek's gait, gestures, and speech. Hoffman also spent time with autistic people and their families as well as consulting psychiatric and neurological experts. The result was perhaps Hoffman's most transformative role of his career, as he truly disappeared inside Raymond Babbitt and brought a tremendous sense of humanity to the role. Hoffman was initially offered Cruise's sleazy salesman role and Bill Murray was offered the role of Raymond Babbitt.
3. Kramer vs. Kramer (1979)
A film executive named Richard Fischoff read the manuscript for "Kramer vs. Kramer" before it was even a novel. He was struck by it because this story about a fairly young couple divorcing made him think that this would be the fate of Ben and Elaine from "The Graduate:" a moment of impulsive rebellion that slowly lost its luster over the years. The story was about Joanna Kramer leaving her husband Ted and young son Billy, the later trying to come back and reclaim him.
Hoffman turned down the part a few times. This was in part because of his own impending divorce but also because of his bitter experiences making "Agatha" and "Straight Time," which involved multiple lawsuits. Hoffman took it because of its focus on children, and he wanted to do the same in his own life. Streep became a star and won an Oscar with the part, which she felt needed to be more sympathetic than in the original book. Hoffman thought her ideal because she was using the pain of the death of her fiance John Cazale for inspiration. Hoffman worked closely with Justin Henry, who played Billy, building up a close rapport and improvising much of their dialogue together. Hoffman won his first Oscar for Best Actor, and the film was a big hit, making $100 million worldwide and earning an 89% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
2. Midnight Cowboy (1969)
A crucial film for Hoffman, because he wanted to show that he wasn't merely playing a version of himself in "The Graduate," John Schlesinger's "Midnight Cowboy" would convince the world Hoffman was an actor, not just a movie star.
Schlesinger was initially unconvinced that someone as clean-cut and mainstream-looking as Hoffman was the right man to play the role of lowlife wannabe pimp Ratso Rizzo. Hoffman met the director wearing "a dirty raincoat, battered shoes, greasy hair and three days of chin stubble" in New York's then sleaze central in Times Square. He got the job.
The film is about a young Texan named Joe Buck (played by Jon Voight) who comes to New York thinking he can be a male prostitute. He becomes friends with Rizzo, who thinks he can help this naive young man hustle. Rizzo is proud and angry, but he's also in poor health and living a lifestyle making things worse. Despite initially being rated X, it won the Oscar for Best Film in 1969. Hoffman earned his second Oscar nomination for playing Rizzo, whose improvised "I'm walking here!" line-reading is one of the most famous in film history. The film's reputation slowly built until it made $44 million worldwide with a budget of around $2 million. It has an 89% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
1. The Graduate (1967)
Embassy Pictures
This was the movie that kick-started Dustin Hoffman's career in spectacular fashion, and it's still his most iconic role. 1967's "The Graduate" remains the apotheosis of young disillusionment and ennui. Hoffman stars as Ben Braddock, who just graduated from college and returns home to upper-class Southern California with little direction. He has an affair with Mrs. Robinson, a family friend, but later falls for her daughter Elaine.
"The Graduate" is jammed with iconic lines and scenes. It's a scathing satire of materialism, as the "Just one word: Plastics" line reveals. Ben's world unravels with the "Mrs. Robinson, you're trying to seduce me? Aren't you?" The final scene, where Ben interrupts Elaine's wedding and runs away with her, only to realize that they have no what they're doing, deflates the misguided romance of the whole film.
Hoffman was paid just $20 thousand and had to go on unemployment when he got back to New York. Director Mike Nichols also didn't make much, as he was mostly known for his theater work, like Hoffman. Improv comedian Buck Henry wrote the script with no real prior experience. It would up being the biggest box office hit of the year and made over $100 million worldwide. Geoffrey Macnab of The Independent (U.K.) praises "Hoffman's performance as Benjamin, which combines humor, boredom and panic in equal measure." It sports an 87% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. 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stock certificate
Getting Wise About Giving Back
Giving to charity is a wonderful and benevolent act. But that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t look at it as an opportunity and maximize the... | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11222 | {"url": "https://www.lstylegstyle.com/stories/tag/stock-certificate/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.lstylegstyle.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:45:26Z", "digest": "sha1:YNCCN2RWTHNXAATSCDOTVIONS4D456Q3"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 186, 186.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 186, 2665.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 186, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 186, 146.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 186, 0.91]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 186, 271.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 186, 0.43243243]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 186, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 186, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 186, 0.33333333]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 186, 0.10810811]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 186, 0.93548387]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 186, 4.90322581]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 186, 0.02702703]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 186, 3.34454886]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 186, 31.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 18, 0.0], [18, 49, 0.0], [49, 186, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 18, 0.0], [18, 49, 0.0], [49, 186, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 18, 2.0], [18, 49, 5.0], [49, 186, 24.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 18, 0.0], [18, 49, 0.0], [49, 186, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 18, 0.0], [18, 49, 0.0], [49, 186, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 18, 0.0], [18, 49, 0.16129032], [49, 186, 0.01459854]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 186, -9.06e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 186, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 186, -8.82e-06]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 186, -9.19006915]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 186, 3.12683506]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 186, -21.84484529]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 186, 2.0]]} |
SiMD/SaMD: Everything you need to know
Published on: 02 Sep, 2022
Medical Device Quality
The pervasiveness of technology is evident at a glance inside any modern healthcare facility. From prognosis or diagnosis to patient monitoring and administering treatment, a wide range of software-enabled devices allows medical professionals to fulfil their respective duties timely and precisely. So, the software in a medical device (SiMD) is as critical a component as the healthcare equipment itself. Software solutions that do not reside in a medical device but are used for medical purposes are called software as a medical device (SaMD). Not surprisingly, both these marvels of technology fall under the stringent regulatory guidelines that apply to medical equipment.
Both SiMD and SaMD are subject to the medical device regulations of the country where they are used. For instance, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA, the European Commission in Europe, and Health Science Authority (HSA) in Singapore. Nearly every country has a regulatory standard for SaMD but regulations differ according to the country’s internal circumstances and approach towards healthcare. This is why SaMD providers must adhere to the IEC 62304:2006, which is an international regulatory standard and is acceptable in many countries.
IEC 62304 and IMDRF
IEC 62304 applies to all life cycle processes. All SiMD developers must comply with it. IEC 62304 guidelines classify SiMD in three categories based on safety: A, B, and C:
Class-A SiMD covers that which is not hazardous to patients. Even if it does cause a hazard, the situation does not lead to unacceptable risk if the relevant risk control measures are taken, external to the software. The various COVID-19 diagnosis kits that mushroomed since the pandemic are apt examples of class-A SiMD. Even if the software that analyzed the samples malfunctioned and yielded inaccurate results, it didn’t cause any direct harm to users. It only delayed users’ attention to medication that they would have resorted to had the results been accurate.
Class-B SiMD can be hazardous in a way that causes unacceptable risk even after taking relevant risk control measures external to the software, but, the possible harm resulting from it is not a severe injury. For example, excessive exposure to X-rays is harmful to humans. However, if the software used to administer an X-ray malfunctions and emits more X-rays than intended, the harm to the patient will not lead to an immediate and severe injury.
Class-C SiMD is the most critical. It includes applications that are hazardous and lead to unacceptable risk even after all relevant risk control measures external to the software are taken. It differs from class-B in that the resulting possible harm can cause a severe injury or death. The software used to conduct MRI scans is an example of class-C SiMD. Unlike with X-rays, patients may sustain severe injury or even die if the MRI radiation exceeds the permissible level of emission due to a software glitch.
Figure 1: SiMD classification flowchart
Likewise, SaMD is classified into four categories based on the state of the healthcare situation and the significance of the information that SaMD provides for healthcare decision-making. The International Medical Device Regulators Forum (IMDRF), which is an international regulatory body, classifies SaMD as I, II, III, and IV with further qualification of ‘a’ and ‘b’, as follows:
Figure 2: SaMD classes
Development and documentation
IEC 62304 and IMDRF do not interfere with the software development lifecycle. So, the development process remains the same with the following stages:
Figure 3: Risk management layer cutting across SDLC stages
There is only one additional layer that cuts across all the stages of the SDLC, which is mandatory in the case of SaMD and SiMD development. That layer is software risk management. IEC 62304 emphasizes software risk management strongly and software companies must comply with, document, and show evidence of it. This brings us to software documentation, where it is mandatory to document certain elements based on the classification of SiMD/SaMD and the device. The necessary elements for each class are:
Figure 4: Documentation requirement based on software classification
Complying with every aspect of IMDRF and IEC 62304 pertaining to the development and release of SiMD/SaMD can be an uphill endeavor. Companies often pick off-the-shelf software, customize it, and intend to roll it out packaged with the medical equipment that they are launching. But with this approach, they risk facing regulatory hurdles for non-compliance, which can delay the launch of the product.
Here, L&T Technology Services (LTTS), with our years of experience and proven capabilities in providing engineering services, offers specialist intervention and support. Several Fortune 500 enterprises already trust and rely upon LTTS for this purpose. We cater to the full spectrum of requirements, starting from classification reassessment to determining the category to which the concerned SiMD/SaMD belongs. Whether it is development from scratch or simply ensuring compliance with applicable standards, our solutions cover it all.
Stay on the right side of compliance and shorten your medical equipment launch TAT. Find out how and what we can do for you.
Rodney Duran
Quality: The Holy Grail of Medical Device Manufacturing
Manufacturing Top-Quality Medical Devices with a Digital Touch
Somshekhar Umadi
Restructuring Healthcare Delivery with Mobility and AR | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11223 | {"url": "https://www.ltts.com/blog/simd-samd", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ltts.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:47:46Z", "digest": "sha1:XEQBIT63EPIXSVMAYOKNDDARSHZR3AXC"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 5571, 5571.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 5571, 16074.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 5571, 26.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 5571, 417.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 5571, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 5571, 333.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 5571, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 5571, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 5571, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 5571, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 5571, 0.37610186]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 5571, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 5571, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 5571, 0.03494213]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 5571, 0.02096528]], 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Luckley House School is the perfect choice if you are considering boarding. Set in beautiful Berkshire countryside, but just 40 minutes from London, our facilities provide a secure and happy environment for all pupils to live together and to enjoy the many extra-curricular activities on offer at the school.
Our aim is to provide a warm, supportive home for our boarders, in which friendships and social skills can be nurtured. We have a small boarding community and our boarding offer is very flexible to meet the individual needs of the modern family. We provide a home for both full and weekly boarders from the UK and overseas, and in addition, our flexi-boarding provision enables a number of our day pupils to regularly stay overnight. This is of great benefit for our families, particularly when parents have work or social commitments, or pupils themselves have an evening event at the school. Flexi-boarding can also be beneficial for pupils during exam periods, enabling them to spend valuable time revising, with the added reassurance that they will be in school ready for their exam the next morning, with no worry about being late!
We offer a boarding package for international pupils wishing to come to Luckley for a minimum of one term into Years 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12, ultimately to improve their English language and experience a British education.
An all-inclusive fee includes all food, books, extra-curricular activities, most boarding trips, EAL lessons and transport to and from the airport on specified dates.
Boarding during your Sixth Form years at Luckley is a great way to develop your independence and prepare you for life beyond school.
Weekly boarding in particular is greatly beneficial; it allows UK based Sixth Formers to really focus their studies during the week, with no time wasted on travel to and from school and with staff on hand to support with coursework and exam preparation. A structured program ensures a balance of activity, prep and down time.
Other benefits include the opportunity for House leadership roles and to lead activities with the rest of the boarding house. This can be especially valuable for those students looking to go on active gap years.
Our aim is to provide a warm, supportive and encouraging environment in which friendship and social skills can be nurtured with provision made for private academic study and leisure pursuits.
Living accommodation for all our boarders is situated in the Main House and above the Sixth Form Centre. Both houses have a vibrant atmosphere that is warm and friendly. Your son or daughter will a share modern, comfortable bedroom and will be encouraged to personalise their own space with photos, posters and treasures.
The rich and varied programme of extra-curricular activities at Luckley House will enable your child to explore different interests and discover new talents. All boarders are encouraged to take part and the variety on offer ensures that there is something for everyone. After-school activities include; sports fixtures and clubs, Duke of Edinburgh Award Scheme, Combined Cadet Forces, martial arts, music and drama, art and crafts, textiles, fun cooking, science and board games, to name just a few.
Don’t take our word for it, read the views of some of our current and past pupils about life as a Luckley House boarder.
Here are a few questions and answers that may help give you the information required. However, please do contact us if you have a specific question about boarding at Luckley. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11224 | {"url": "https://www.luckleyhouseschool.org/boarding/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.luckleyhouseschool.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:32:43Z", "digest": "sha1:2G5AXJ4P6AGF7XO57QT2KNV4YZRZ23AS"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 3511, 3511.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 3511, 7255.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 3511, 12.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 3511, 199.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 3511, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 3511, 273.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 3511, 0.41920732]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 3511, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 3511, 0.04188482]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 3511, 0.04188482]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 3511, 0.02233857]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 3511, 0.02233857]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 3511, 0.01116928]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 3511, 0.00767888]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 3511, 0.0069808]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 3511, 0.00609756]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 3511, 0.11432927]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 3511, 0.51813472]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 3511, 4.94818653]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 3511, 5.18041003]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 3511, 579.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 309, 1.0], [309, 1146, 1.0], [1146, 1364, 1.0], [1364, 1531, 1.0], [1531, 1664, 1.0], [1664, 1990, 1.0], [1990, 2202, 1.0], [2202, 2394, 1.0], [2394, 2716, 1.0], [2716, 3216, 1.0], [3216, 3337, 1.0], [3337, 3511, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 309, 0.0], [309, 1146, 0.0], [1146, 1364, 0.0], [1364, 1531, 0.0], [1531, 1664, 0.0], [1664, 1990, 0.0], [1990, 2202, 0.0], [2202, 2394, 0.0], [2394, 2716, 0.0], [2716, 3216, 0.0], [3216, 3337, 0.0], [3337, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 309, 49.0], [309, 1146, 141.0], [1146, 1364, 38.0], [1364, 1531, 24.0], [1531, 1664, 23.0], [1664, 1990, 55.0], [1990, 2202, 35.0], [2202, 2394, 30.0], [2394, 2716, 53.0], [2716, 3216, 77.0], [3216, 3337, 24.0], [3337, 3511, 30.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 309, 0.00660066], [309, 1146, 0.0], [1146, 1364, 0.03301887], [1364, 1531, 0.0], [1531, 1664, 0.0], [1664, 1990, 0.0], [1990, 2202, 0.0], [2202, 2394, 0.0], [2394, 2716, 0.0], [2716, 3216, 0.0], [3216, 3337, 0.0], [3337, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 309, 0.0], [309, 1146, 0.0], [1146, 1364, 0.0], [1364, 1531, 0.0], [1531, 1664, 0.0], [1664, 1990, 0.0], [1990, 2202, 0.0], [2202, 2394, 0.0], [2394, 2716, 0.0], [2716, 3216, 0.0], [3216, 3337, 0.0], [3337, 3511, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 309, 0.01941748], [309, 1146, 0.0083632], [1146, 1364, 0.02293578], [1364, 1531, 0.0239521], [1531, 1664, 0.03007519], [1664, 1990, 0.01840491], [1990, 2202, 0.01415094], [2202, 2394, 0.00520833], [2394, 2716, 0.02484472], [2716, 3216, 0.024], [3216, 3337, 0.02479339], [3337, 3511, 0.01724138]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 3511, 0.02373415]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 3511, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 3511, 0.07053185]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 3511, -115.81465084]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 3511, -15.15478527]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 3511, -117.17391808]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 3511, 24.0]]} |
Families that Choose Life
Scripture Passage: Exodus 20:13
Exodus 20:13 reveals the sixth commandment: “You shall not murder.”
Life is God’s wonderful gift that we might choose to enjoy. Jesus is the great life-giver; He alone gives us physical, spiritual, and eternal life. John 10:10 says, “I have come that you might have life and have it abundantly.” And Adrian Rogers says, “With his body, a man knows the world beneath him; with his soul, the world around; and with his spirit, the world above him.”
We have an enemy who wants to destroy life. He wants to bring physical, spiritual, and eternal death. His method is deception; he deceives, then destroys, then damns. We must be families that choose life; we must protect the physical, spiritual, and eternal lives within our homes.
The family is given to protect physical life.
As true Christians who believe in love and life, we should be deeply disturbed by the senseless murders broadcast on the news. We should be alarmed by the increasing rates of suicide, heartbroken for those who could feel so hopeless. We are also called to oppose abortion; we should never be desensitized by the crime of infanticide. In a world that dares to discredit the value of our unborn children, we must speak on their behalf. Protecting physical life also means preserving the family from wicked vices and addictions. Alcohol, drugs, binge eating, cruelty, and hatred destroy the family from the inside out. We must oppose them.
The family is given to provide social life.
In such an untrustworthy society, we are called to make home the happiest place on earth for our children, setting them up for good health and success.
The family is given to present spiritual life.
Moms and dads ought to lead their children to Jesus, praying for and pleading for their spiritual life until there is full assurance that they are truly saved.
Adrian Rogers says, “Families need to choose life! You’ve got to build a wall around the roof of your house, lest your children fall off.
You need to protect them; their physical life.
You need to provide their social life and make home the happiest place on earth.
And you need to pray for and plead for their spiritual life and say, ‘I will not go to Heaven without my children to come with me.’”
Related Message Series
A Perfect 10 For Homes That Win
A Perfect 10 for Homes that Win Series | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11225 | {"url": "https://www.lwf.org/sermons/audio/families-that-choose-life-1858", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.lwf.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:42:28Z", "digest": "sha1:WRMNQCBHINFUDHPKXCPQQPSC4X6LA42I"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2365, 2365.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2365, 3291.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2365, 18.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2365, 59.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2365, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2365, 304.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2365, 0.40408163]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2365, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2365, 0.08787718]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2365, 0.05929063]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2365, 0.05929063]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2365, 0.02382213]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2365, 0.03176284]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2365, 0.04287983]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2365, 0.00816327]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2365, 0.16326531]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2365, 0.48543689]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2365, 4.58495146]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2365, 4.86410949]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2365, 412.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 58, 0.0], [58, 126, 1.0], [126, 505, 1.0], [505, 787, 1.0], [787, 833, 1.0], [833, 1470, 1.0], [1470, 1514, 1.0], [1514, 1666, 1.0], [1666, 1713, 1.0], [1713, 1873, 1.0], [1873, 2011, 1.0], [2011, 2058, 1.0], [2058, 2139, 1.0], [2139, 2272, 1.0], [2272, 2295, 0.0], [2295, 2327, 0.0], [2327, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 58, 0.0], [58, 126, 0.0], [126, 505, 0.0], [505, 787, 0.0], [787, 833, 0.0], [833, 1470, 0.0], [1470, 1514, 0.0], [1514, 1666, 0.0], [1666, 1713, 0.0], [1713, 1873, 0.0], [1873, 2011, 0.0], [2011, 2058, 0.0], [2058, 2139, 0.0], [2139, 2272, 0.0], [2272, 2295, 0.0], [2295, 2327, 0.0], [2327, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 26, 4.0], [26, 58, 4.0], [58, 126, 10.0], [126, 505, 68.0], [505, 787, 47.0], [787, 833, 8.0], [833, 1470, 107.0], [1470, 1514, 8.0], [1514, 1666, 27.0], [1666, 1713, 8.0], [1713, 1873, 28.0], [1873, 2011, 25.0], [2011, 2058, 8.0], [2058, 2139, 15.0], [2139, 2272, 27.0], [2272, 2295, 3.0], [2295, 2327, 7.0], [2327, 2365, 8.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 58, 0.13793103], [58, 126, 0.0625], [126, 505, 0.01104972], [505, 787, 0.0], [787, 833, 0.0], [833, 1470, 0.0], [1470, 1514, 0.0], [1514, 1666, 0.0], [1666, 1713, 0.0], [1713, 1873, 0.0], [1873, 2011, 0.0], [2011, 2058, 0.0], [2058, 2139, 0.0], [2139, 2272, 0.0], [2272, 2295, 0.0], [2295, 2327, 0.06451613], [2327, 2365, 0.05263158]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 58, 0.0], [58, 126, 0.0], [126, 505, 0.0], [505, 787, 0.0], [787, 833, 0.0], [833, 1470, 0.0], [1470, 1514, 0.0], [1514, 1666, 0.0], [1666, 1713, 0.0], [1713, 1873, 0.0], [1873, 2011, 0.0], [2011, 2058, 0.0], [2058, 2139, 0.0], [2139, 2272, 0.0], [2272, 2295, 0.0], [2295, 2327, 0.0], [2327, 2365, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 26, 0.11538462], [26, 58, 0.09375], [58, 126, 0.02941176], [126, 505, 0.02638522], [505, 787, 0.0141844], [787, 833, 0.02173913], [833, 1470, 0.01255887], [1470, 1514, 0.02272727], [1514, 1666, 0.00657895], [1666, 1713, 0.0212766], [1713, 1873, 0.0125], [1873, 2011, 0.02898551], [2011, 2058, 0.0212766], [2058, 2139, 0.01234568], [2139, 2272, 0.02255639], [2272, 2295, 0.13043478], [2295, 2327, 0.1875], [2327, 2365, 0.13157895]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2365, 0.14712602]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2365, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2365, 0.04383224]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2365, 3.34227638]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2365, 17.90936805]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2365, -133.78157396]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2365, 27.0]]} |
Kingston expands SSDNow mS200 mSATA SSD to 240GB and 468 GB
Kingston Digital, Inc., the Flash memory affiliate of Kingston Technology Company, Inc., the independent world leader in memory products, today announced the addition of 240 GB and 480 GB capacities to the existing SSDNow mS200 mSATA SSD line. Kingston's SSDNow mS200 mSATA solid-state drive allows system builders and enthusiasts a cost-effective performance boost with quicker boot time and application loads while requiring less power than HDDs.
The mS200's small-form factor is perfect for notebook, tablet and Ultrabook PCs, as well as a variety of embedded systems. It can also be used as a caching device with motherboards that support Intel Smart Response Technology (SRT) to improve system performance. mS200 has read speeds up to 550 MB/s and write speeds up to 520 MB/s.
The 30 GB, 60 GB, 120 GB, 240 GB and 480 GB mS200 mSATA SSDs have a caseless, PCB-only design with no moving parts and are backed by a two- or three-year warranty, free technical support and legendary Kingston reliability. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11226 | {"url": "https://www.malaysia-tech-news.com/2014/04/kingston-expands-ssdnow-ms200-msata-ssd.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.malaysia-tech-news.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:03:56Z", "digest": "sha1:VBAJYI6XBWHWEF4FQEVABWSOKLMUZDC3"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1064, 1064.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1064, 2547.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1064, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1064, 58.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1064, 0.89]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1064, 221.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1064, 0.28169014]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1064, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1064, 0.03026775]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1064, 0.04656577]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1064, 0.05587893]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1064, 0.04423749]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1064, 0.07042254]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1064, 0.18779343]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1064, 0.66666667]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1064, 4.93678161]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1064, 4.51415924]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1064, 174.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 509, 1.0], [509, 842, 1.0], [842, 1064, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 509, 0.0], [509, 842, 0.0], [842, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 60, 11.0], [60, 509, 66.0], [509, 842, 57.0], [842, 1064, 40.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 60, 0.15254237], [60, 509, 0.02752294], [509, 842, 0.03738318], [842, 1064, 0.07511737]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 509, 0.0], [509, 842, 0.0], [842, 1064, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 60, 0.28333333], [60, 509, 0.08240535], [509, 842, 0.05405405], [842, 1064, 0.1036036]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1064, 0.2038545]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1064, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1064, 0.08150315]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1064, -62.44495911]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1064, -5.77956052]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1064, 8.60452052]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1064, 8.0]]} |
Egyptian authorities have recently completed a 22-mile (36km) wall around the tourist resort of Sharm El-Sheikh. Anyone entering the city by road will now have to pass through one of four gates equipped with cameras and scanners. The government believe it will help protect tourism at the Red Sea resort, which has faced many challenges over the past 10 years meaning fewer holidaymakers have been visiting the resort.
Things to talk about at home…
Can you make a list of as many different types of walls as you can?
Where can you find them and what are they used for? For each of the examples, what do you think might happen if there wasn’t a wall in place?
Can you think of any famous walls throughout history? What were their purposes? | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11227 | {"url": "https://www.manea.cambs.sch.uk/oracy-8/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.manea.cambs.sch.uk", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:17:40Z", "digest": "sha1:XY3GPEJIDC2K3SY7K6FYOXXWEDWZ245S"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 738, 738.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 738, 34863.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 738, 5.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 738, 2174.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 738, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 738, 203.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 738, 0.48666667]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 738, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 738, 0.03030303]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 738, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 738, 0.2]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 738, 0.12]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 738, 0.72519084]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 738, 4.53435115]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 738, 0.00666667]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 738, 4.37893331]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 738, 131.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 419, 1.0], [419, 449, 0.0], [449, 517, 1.0], [517, 659, 1.0], [659, 738, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 419, 0.0], [419, 449, 0.0], [449, 517, 0.0], [517, 659, 0.0], [659, 738, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 419, 68.0], [419, 449, 6.0], [449, 517, 15.0], [517, 659, 29.0], [659, 738, 13.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 419, 0.01463415], [419, 449, 0.0], [449, 517, 0.0], [517, 659, 0.0], [659, 738, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 419, 0.0], [419, 449, 0.0], [449, 517, 0.0], [517, 659, 0.0], [659, 738, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 419, 0.01909308], [419, 449, 0.03333333], [449, 517, 0.01470588], [517, 659, 0.01408451], [659, 738, 0.02531646]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 738, 0.01354289]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 738, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 738, 0.00445271]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 738, -24.75408235]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 738, 4.01712303]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 738, -53.99391291]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 738, 8.0]]} |
Now reading: The best perfume makers of Barcelona
The best perfume makers of Barcelona
If you're strolling through the old town of Barcelona, there's a good chance you'll come across some of the locations used in the movie "Perfume." Many places in the Gothic Quarter, in particular, will remind you of the film, which is set in Grasse, France.
Although Grasse is one of the most significant places for perfume creation and production, Barcelona has a rich history of serum-making and a thriving perfume industry today. While large companies like Puig produce for major brands, there are numerous hidden gems to discover if you're visiting Barcelona.
To help you dive into the world of perfumes in Barcelona, we've compiled a list of the best places to visit. You can explore a perfume museum, create your own perfume in a workshop, and even find your niche fragrance.
Barcelona Parfume shops
Although this article focuses on unique perfume destinations, you may still be interested in purchasing your favorite commercial perfume. To assist you, we have compiled a brief list of places to buy commercial perfumes in Barcelona:
Druni Perfumerias
Perfume workshops
There are numerous perfume-making workshops in Barcelona, but as they are constantly changing, we cannot provide specific links here. However, you can easily find them on the following websites:
Perfume Museum
The perfume museum in Barcelona is worth a visit if you are interested in learning about the history and culture of perfume making, particularly in the Catalan region. The museum showcases a collection of antique perfume bottles, distillation equipment, and other historical artifacts related to the perfume industry. It also offers guided tours and workshops where you can learn about the process of creating fragrances and even make your own perfume. Additionally, visiting the perfume museum provides a unique cultural experience and is an excellent way to learn about Barcelona's significant contributions to the perfume industry.
Where to find: Passeig de Gràcia, 39, 08007 Barcelona
Carner is a niche perfume brand that originated in Barcelona and is known for creating unique, high-quality fragrances. If you are a perfume enthusiast or interested in discovering new scents, a visit to the Carner perfume shop in Barcelona is worthwhile.
At the Carner perfume shop, you can experience their collection of perfumes, which includes a variety of unisex fragrances that are inspired by the Mediterranean and the city of Barcelona. The shop offers a personalized fragrance experience where you can work with a fragrance expert to discover your ideal scent and learn about the perfume-making process.
Additionally, the Carner perfume shop is located in the heart of the city, which makes it easily accessible and a convenient stop during your visit to Barcelona.
Where to find: Carrer de la Diputació, 266, local 2, 08007 Barcelona
Moss Olfactory Lab
Unfortunately Moss Olfactory Lab has been closed!
Moss Olfactory Lab was a unique fragrance boutique and laboratory located in Barcelona, and a visit to this shop was a must for anyone interested in the world of perfume.
At Moss Olfactory Lab, you can explore a wide range of artisanal, niche fragrances that are created in-house by the shop's own perfumer. The fragrances are carefully crafted using natural ingredients, and each scent is designed to tell a unique olfactory story.
What sets Moss Olfactory Lab apart is its focus on creating a personalized fragrance experience for its customers. The shop offers consultations and workshops where you can work with a fragrance expert to create a bespoke scent that is tailored to your individual tastes and preferences.
Furthermore, Moss Olfactory Lab was located in the trendy Born district of Barcelona, which makes it a great destination for visitors looking to explore the city's vibrant culture and architecture.
Where to find: Closed
La Basilica Galeria Perfume
Unfortunately, this particular place has closed down. The owners made the decision to sell exclusively online due to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 situation.
La Basilica Galeria Perfume was a one-of-a-kind destination for fragrance enthusiasts and art lovers visiting Barcelona. This gallery and perfume shop was housed in a 14th-century Gothic basilica and featured a unique collection of perfumes, art, and design objects.
At La Basilica Galeria Perfume, you were able to explore a carefully curated selection of artisanal fragrances from around the world, including rare and hard-to-find scents. The shop also offered a range of perfume-related products, such as candles, soaps, and incense, as well as art and design objects that are inspired by fragrance and perfume making.
What made La Basilica Galeria Perfume truly special is its setting in a historic basilica, which provided a beautiful and atmospheric backdrop for the fragrances and products on display. Additionally, the gallery regularly hosted art exhibitions and events that explore the intersections of art and perfume, made it a fascinating destination for visitors interested in the creative and cultural aspects of fragrance.
Where to find: Only online for now
The Perfumery Barcelona
The Perfumery Barcelona is a must-visit for anyone searching for extraordinary fragrances in a unique, contemporary, yet warm and welcoming context. Not only does the Perfumery provide unique and elegant decor, but it also offers a display of fragrances in a completely innovative, aesthetically pleasing, and above all, olfactory functional way.
The space was carefully designed to achieve a highly effective and positive influence on the people who occupy it. The Perfumery believe that to properly savor the fragrances it offers, it is extremely important to be in a seductive, relaxed, and carefree environment.
Based on a system that is not only deeply distinctive but also essentially functional and aesthetically refined, the exhibition of their fragrances is unique in the country. They offer a true sensory experience at all levels where clients can establish a personal relationship with each and every one of their perfumes. It goes without saying that at The Perfumery, they offer a creative niche and internal fragrances, but the focus here is on the fascinating and intriguing connection that is established between the fragrance and the individual.
Visit The Perfumery Barcelona to immerse yourself in a sensory journey of exquisite fragrances that are expertly displayed in a unique and welcoming atmosphere, allowing you to establish a personal connection with each fragrance.
Where to find: Carrer de Sant Pere Més Alt, 58, 08003 Barcelona
Bravanariz
Bravanariz is a unique fragrance brand located in the town of Gaüses, near Girona in Catalonia. A visit to Bravanariz offers a chance to explore the world of natural perfumery and to discover the unique scents and landscapes of the region.
At Bravanariz, you can explore a range of artisanal fragrances that are crafted using natural ingredients and inspired by the local landscapes of Catalonia. The scents are designed to tell a story and capture the essence of the region, whether it's the Mediterranean coast, the Pyrenees mountains, or the forests and fields of the countryside.
What sets Bravanariz apart is its focus on sustainability and eco-consciousness. The brand uses only natural ingredients, and many of the plants used in the fragrances are grown and harvested on the company's own land. Bravanariz is also committed to reducing its environmental impact and promoting ethical and sustainable practices throughout the production process.
Furthermore, a visit to Bravanariz provides an opportunity to explore the beautiful region of Girona, with its picturesque towns, stunning landscapes, and rich cultural heritage.
Where to find: Barri la Pobla, 1, 17773 Pontós, Girona
Ramon Monegal is a unique perfume brand located in Barcelona. A visit to the Ramon Monegal boutique offers a chance to explore a range of artisanal fragrances that are crafted using high-quality ingredients and inspired by the rich history and culture of Catalonia.
Ramon Monegal himself is a well-known perfumer who comes from a long line of perfumers. He draws on his family's heritage and the history of the region to create fragrances that are deeply rooted in the local culture. Each fragrance tells a story and captures the essence of Catalonia, from the Mediterranean coast to the mountains and beyond.
At the Ramon Monegal boutique, you can explore the brand's range of fragrances, including its signature scents as well as limited edition and exclusive fragrances. The boutique is designed to be an immersive experience, with a unique fragrance bar where you can discover and test the fragrances at your leisure.
In addition to discovering new fragrances, visiting the Ramon Monegal boutique can also provide an opportunity to learn about the art and science of perfume making. Ramon Monegal himself is often present in the boutique and is happy to share his knowledge and passion for perfume making with visitors.
Where to find: Carrer de Calvet, 3, 08021 Barcelona
Les Topettes
Les Topettes is a unique perfume shop located in the Raval neighborhood of Barcelona. A visit to Les Topettes offers a chance to explore a curated collection of niche and artisanal fragrances from around the world.
The shop specializes in natural and organic fragrances and skincare products, with a focus on brands that prioritize sustainability and ethical production practices. Les Topettes offers a unique selection of fragrances, with many scents that are exclusive to the shop and cannot be found elsewhere in Barcelona.
In addition to exploring the collection of fragrances, a visit to Les Topettes can also be an opportunity to learn about the art of perfumery and skincare. The knowledgeable staff is available to answer questions and provide guidance on selecting the perfect fragrance or skincare product for your needs.
The shop itself is also a beautifully designed space, with a minimalist aesthetic that allows the fragrances and skincare products to take center stage. The atmosphere is welcoming and relaxed, making it the perfect place to spend an afternoon discovering new scents and indulging in a little self-care.
Where to find: Carrer de Joaquín Costa, 33, 08001 Barcelona
Arquinesia Perfumes
Arquinesia is a perfume shop that was created and designed after several trips to the Mediterranean and a love for the Balearic Islands. Inspired by the diverse aromas of these multifaceted islands, the magical ambiance and moments of each journey have been captured and induced into the creation of an authentic and natural fragrance collection.
The passion for photography, the love of beauty, and the affection for scents have given an added touch of value to the fragrance collection. Capturing fragrances not only with the nose but also with the eyes is one of the many reasons why Arquinesia is such a special brand.
It's not just a perfume, but the direct experience with the Balearic Islands also allows you to feel the fragrance. Each collection has its own individual story, giving the brand a uniqueness that cannot be found elsewhere. Each story is filled with passion, explaining the beauty and magnificence of the fragrances. Visit Arquinesia and be transported to the Balearic Islands through the art of fragrance.
Where to find: Carrer de la Princesa, 7, 08003 Barcelona
La Galeria de Santa Maria Novella
La Galeria de Santa Maria Novella is a beautiful perfume shop located in the heart of Barcelona. The shop is an official reseller of the historic Santa Maria Novella brand, which is one of the oldest and most prestigious perfume houses in the world.
A visit to La Galeria de Santa Maria Novella offers a chance to explore the brand's collection of fragrances and skincare products, which are all crafted using traditional methods and high-quality ingredients. The fragrances are inspired by the brand's rich history, which dates back to the 13th century when the Dominican friars of Florence began cultivating medicinal herbs in their gardens.
In addition to exploring the fragrances and skincare products, visiting La Galeria de Santa Maria Novella can also be an opportunity to learn about the brand's fascinating history and the art of perfume making. The shop's knowledgeable staff can provide insight into the unique ingredients and production methods used by the brand, as well as the cultural and historical significance of the fragrances.
The shop itself is a beautifully designed space, with an elegant and timeless aesthetic that reflects the brand's rich heritage. A visit to La Galeria de Santa Maria Novella is a unique and luxurious experience that is sure to delight fragrance enthusiasts and anyone interested in the history and culture of perfume making.
Where to find: Carrer de l'Espaseria, 4-8, 08003 Barcelona
Written by Manuel Dreesmann
Barcelona in April - the best guide
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Sommet des entreprises de croissance: Special Award for Manutan!
On 11 May, Manutan, the European leader in B2B e-commerce, was rewarded in the ‘Sommet des entreprises de croissance’, the list of fastest growing French companies. The company and its 2,100 employees obtained the Special Award in the distribution and consumer goods section - Turnover between 100 million and 1 billion euros category.
The Group essentially owes this prize to its strong involvement with all its stakeholders: clients, suppliers, partners and employees. Expertise suitable for B2B requirements, optimal relationships and fulfilling working conditions are all values at the heart of Manutan's concerns.
Manutan endeavours to put in place an innovative economic model which enables it to grow exponentially and set itself apart. Its strengths can be found in the combination of Europe-wide influence with tailored expertise and a close relationship with its clients.
With its continuous growth, convincing sales and results, the Group has really stood out this year. This award, beyond the figures, rewards an ambition that aims to place digital technology at the service of people.
"There are other growth indicators that are just as important as quantified figures: our employees, clients and partners' satisfaction. Good growth benefits all the company's stakeholders.” - Pierre-Olivier Brial, Manutan International Deputy Managing Director | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11229 | {"url": "https://www.manutan.com/en/homepage/press/press-releases/2021/cp-sommet-des-entreprises-de-croissance-special-award-for-manutan", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.manutan.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:09:45Z", "digest": "sha1:UMLA7YNJKQO7ROYMJV7Y3LX7C6O6ELBY"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1423, 1423.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1423, 3214.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1423, 6.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1423, 74.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1423, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1423, 328.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1423, 0.3083004]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1423, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1423, 0.0127551]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1423, 0.02721088]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1423, 0.00790514]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1423, 0.16996047]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1423, 0.66507177]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1423, 5.62679426]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1423, 4.68222376]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1423, 209.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 65, 1.0], [65, 401, 1.0], [401, 684, 1.0], [684, 947, 1.0], [947, 1163, 1.0], [1163, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 65, 0.0], [65, 401, 0.0], [401, 684, 0.0], [684, 947, 0.0], [947, 1163, 0.0], [1163, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 65, 9.0], [65, 401, 52.0], [401, 684, 39.0], [684, 947, 41.0], [947, 1163, 35.0], [1163, 1423, 33.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 65, 0.0], [65, 401, 0.03384615], [401, 684, 0.00363636], [684, 947, 0.0], [947, 1163, 0.0], [1163, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 65, 0.0], [65, 401, 0.0], [401, 684, 0.0], [684, 947, 0.0], [947, 1163, 0.0], [1163, 1423, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 65, 0.06153846], [65, 401, 0.03571429], [401, 684, 0.02120141], [684, 947, 0.01140684], [947, 1163, 0.01388889], [1163, 1423, 0.03846154]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1423, 0.17322123]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1423, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1423, 0.3454805]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1423, -53.53371151]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1423, -2.58594983]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1423, -0.54088672]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1423, 12.0]]} |
WHY THIS NOTICE
This page describes how to manage the site in relation to the processing of personal data of users who consult it. This is an information that is provided pursuant to art. 13 of the European Regulation 679/2016 (GDPR) to those who interact with the web services of the site https://www.marandoservice.com/, accessible electronically from the address: https://www.marandoservice.com/. The information is provided only for the site of https://www.marandoservice.com/. The information is also based on the Recommendation n. 2/2001 that the European authorities for the protection of personal data, gathered in the Group established by the art. 29 of the directive n. 95/46 / EC, adopted on 17 May 2001 to identify certain minimum requirements for the collection of personal data online, and, in particular, the methods, timing and nature of the information that the data controllers must provide to the users when they connect to web pages, regardless of the purpose of the link. The Recommendation and a summary description of its purposes are reported in other pages of this site.
OWNER OF THE TREATMENT
The data controller is the company Marando Service S.r.l., in the person of the legal representative with registered office in Bruino (CAP 10090), Viale Galileo Ferraris, 72.
You can exercise your rights with a written request sent to Marando Service S.r.l. to the postal address of the registered office or to the email address [email protected].
PURPOSE OF NAVIGATION DATA
The computer systems and software procedures used to operate this website acquire, during their normal operation, some personal data whose transmission is implicit in the use of Internet communication protocols. This is information that is not collected to be associated with identified interested parties, but which by their very nature could, through processing and association with data held by third parties, allow users to be identified. This category of data includes IP addresses or domain names of the computers used by users connecting to the site, the addresses in the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) notation of the requested resources, the time of the request, the method used to submit the request to the server, the size of the file obtained in response, the numerical code indicating the status of the response given by the server (success, error, etc.) and other parameters relating to the operating system and the user's computer environment. These data are used for the sole purpose of obtaining anonymous statistical information on the use of the site and to check its correct functioning and are deleted immediately after processing. The data could be used to ascertain responsibility in case of hypothetical computer crimes against the site: except for this eventuality, at present the data on web contacts do not persist for more than seven days.
PURPOSE OF DATA PROVIDED VOLUNTARILY
The optional, explicit and voluntary sending of e-mails to the addresses indicated on this site entails the subsequent acquisition of the sender's address, necessary to respond to requests, as well as any other personal data included in the message.
Only on specific and distinct consent the data will be processed for the following marketing purposes: sending of advertising material and information on promotional activities of the company Marando Service S.r.l..
LEGAL BASIS OF TREATMENT
The Company Marando Service S.r.l. processes your personal data lawfully, where the treatment:
(a) it is necessary for the performance of a contract of which the data subject is a party or for the implementation of pre-contractual measures taken at the request of the latter;
b) is necessary to fulfill a legal obligation to which the data controller is subject;
(c) it is necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in connection with the exercise of official authority vested in the holder of the treatment;
d) is necessary for the pursuit of the legitimate interest of the data controller or third parties, provided that the interests or the fundamental rights and freedoms of the data subject who request the protection of personal data do not prevail.
e) the interested party has given his consent to the processing of his personal data for one or more specific purposes
DATA PROFILING AND DIFFUSION
Your personal data are not subject to disclosure or to any fully automated decision making process, including profiling.
DATA CONFERENCE
The provision of data is mandatory to access the services of the site https://www.marandoservice.com/, a refusal will make it impossible to give way to contracts and legal obligations. For marketing purposes, conferment is optional.
DATA CONSERVATION
The personal data, object of treatment for the above mentioned purposes, will be kept for the duration of the contract and, subsequently, for the time in which the Controller is subject to conservation obligations for fiscal purposes or for other purposes, foreseen, by law or regulation.
PLACE OF TREATMENT
The data collected by the site are processed at the headquarters of the Data Controller, and at the Web Hosting datacenter. Web hosting (Aruba), which is responsible for processing data, processing data on behalf of the holder, is located in the European Economic Area and acts in accordance with European standards.
DATA TRANSFER IN EXTRA EU COUNTRIES
This site may share some of the data collected with services located outside the European Union for some of the features described below.
Contact management and sending of messages
This type of service allows you to manage a database of email contacts, telephone contacts or contacts of any other type, used to communicate with the User. These services may also allow us to collect data relating to the date and time the messages are displayed by the User, as well as to the User's interaction with them, such as information on clicks on the links inserted in the messages.
MailChimp is an email address management and mailing service provided by The Rocket Science Group, LLC.
Personal Data collected: surname, email address and first name.
Place of processing: United States - Privacy Policy. Person adhering to the Privacy Shield.
The services contained in this section allow the Data Controller to monitor and analyze traffic data and are used to keep track of User behavior.
Google Analytics is a web analytics service provided by Google Inc. ("Google"). Google uses the Personal Data collected for the purpose of tracking and examining the use of this Application, compiling reports and sharing them with other services developed by Google.
Google may use the Personal Data to contextualise and personalize the advertisements of its advertising network.
This integration of Google Analytics makes your IP address anonymous. Anonymisation works by shortening the IP address of the Users within the borders of the member states of the European Union or in other countries participating in the agreement on the European Economic Area. Only in exceptional cases, the IP address will be sent to Google's servers and shortened within the United States.
Place of processing: United States - Privacy Policy - Opt Out. Person adhering to the Privacy Shield.
The transfer is authorized on the basis of specific decisions of the European Union and the Guarantor for the protection of personal data, in particular Decision 1250/2016 (Privacy Shield - here the information page of the Italian Data Protection Authority), for which no further consent is required. The companies mentioned above guarantee their adherence to the Privacy Shield.
Your personal data will be communicated to third parties exclusively for purposes strictly related to the purposes indicated and in particular to the categories listed below:
agents, accountants and lawyers who provide functional services for the purposes indicated above;
judicial or administrative authorities, for the fulfillment of legal obligations.
Your data will not be transferred to third countries not belonging to the European Union.
RIGHTS OF THE INTERESTED PARTY
At any time, you may exercise, under Articles 15 to 22 of the GDPR, the right to:
a) request confirmation of the existence or otherwise of personal data;
b) obtain information on the purposes of the processing, the categories of personal data, recipients or categories of recipients to whom the personal data have been or will be communicated and, where possible, the retention period;
c) obtain the correction and deletion of data;
d) obtain the treatment limitation;
e) obtain data portability, ie receive them from a data controller, in a structured format, commonly used and readable by automatic device, and transmit them to another data controller without hindrance;
f) oppose the processing at any time and also in the case of treatment for direct marketing purposes;
g) to oppose an automated decision-making process concerning individuals, including profiling.
h) ask the data controller to access personal data and to rectify or cancel them or limit their processing or to oppose their processing, in addition to the right to data portability;
i) withdraw the consent at any time without prejudice to the lawfulness of the treatment based on the consent given prior to the revocation;
j) to propose a complaint to a supervisory authority (Privacy Guarantor - link to the page of the Guarantor).
This application uses cookies. To learn more and for detailed information, you can consult the Cookie Policy.
This privacy statement can be consulted automatically by the most recent browsers that implement the P3P (Platform for Privacy Preferences Project) standard proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium (www.w3c.org). Every effort will be made to make the functionality of this site as interoperable as possible with the automatic privacy control mechanisms available in some products used by users. Considering that the state of improvement of the automatic control mechanisms does not make them currently free from errors and malfunctions, it is hereby specified that this document, published at https://www.marandoservice.com/, constitutes the "privacy policy" of this site which will be subject to updates ( the various versions remain available at the same address).
This privacy policy is updated on 05/25/2018 | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11230 | {"url": "https://www.marandoservice.com/en/3/privacy-policy-care-and-maintenance-injection-molding-machines/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.marandoservice.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:54:15Z", "digest": "sha1:DKXTHTUKUVKQJK5EP5HIYVTQJMMANHKM"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 10325, 10325.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 10325, 11402.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 10325, 57.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 10325, 104.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 10325, 0.91]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 10325, 232.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 10325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 10325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 10325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 10325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 10325, 0.42161017]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 10325, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 10325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 10325, 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194 Remote Product Marketing jobs that offer a salary of $100,000 or more are listed on Market Remotely.
> $100,000 | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11231 | {"url": "https://www.marketremotely.com/remote-product-marketing-jobs-with-salary-over-100k", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.marketremotely.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:01:48Z", "digest": "sha1:LZRQH6IY7AQYUIUAEETO44U5V4PS5G5J"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 115, 115.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 115, 4148.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 115, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 115, 234.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 115, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 115, 250.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 115, 0.25925926]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 115, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 115, 0.40740741]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 115, 0.94736842]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 115, 4.73684211]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 115, 2.87147612]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 115, 19.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 105, 1.0], [105, 115, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 105, 0.0], [105, 115, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 105, 18.0], [105, 115, 1.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 105, 0.08910891], [105, 115, 1.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 105, 0.0], [105, 115, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 105, 0.04761905], [105, 115, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 115, -8.82e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 115, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 115, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 115, -16.18200154]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 115, -1.15903077]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 115, -2.5602587]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 115, 2.0]]} |
194 Remote Product Marketing jobs that offer a salary of $70,000 or more are listed on Market Remotely. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11232 | {"url": "https://www.marketremotely.com/remote-product-marketing-jobs-with-salary-over-70k", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.marketremotely.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:51:46Z", "digest": "sha1:GFZI4MGD5ZDJ4TP6ZRGVYZ2ZVOBTMHFB"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 103, 103.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 103, 4145.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 103, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 103, 234.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 103, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 103, 308.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 103, 0.31818182]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 103, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 103, 0.27272727]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 103, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 103, 4.61111111]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 103, 2.89037176]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 103, 18.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 103, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 103, 18.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 103, 0.08]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 103, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 103, 0.04854369]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 103, -1.43e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 103, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 103, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 103, -8.60751041]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 103, -0.30832599]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 103, -2.03853641]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 103, 1.0]]} |
Industrial Maintenance Coatings Market
Market Leader - Industrial Maintenance Coatings Market
The market size of industrial maintenance coatings is estimated to grow from USD 4.0 billion in 2020 to USD 4.9 billion by 2025, at a CAGR of 4.0% during the forecast period. Industrial maintenance coatings are professionally applied paints formulated to withstand extreme conditions such as heavy abrasion, water immersion, chemical exposure, or intense heat. They are used primarily to control corrosion and substrate deterioration in and around items associated with industrial production, refining, waste and water treatment, and other infrastructure.
The industrial maintenance coatings market is partly consolidated with established players occupying chunk of the market share and partly fragmented with the presence of many companies. The players in this industry possess wide product portfolios with innovative and differentiated products, thus meeting the demand from various industries. Major players in the industrial maintenance coatings market include Akzo Nobel N.V. (the Netherlands), Jotun A/S (Norway), PPG Industries, Inc. (US), The Sherwin-Williams Company (US), Nippon Paint Holdings Co., Ltd (US), Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. (Japan), RPM International Inc. (US), Tikkurila OYJ (Finland), Hempel A/S (Denmark), Axalta Coating Systems, LLC (US), Aremco Products Inc. (US), Monarch Industrial Products (I) Pvt. Ltd.(India), Goa Paints (India), and Continental Coatings Inc. (US), have framed their strategies to penetrate and create bases in these emerging markets.
PPG Industries, Inc. is a leading player in the global industrial maintenance coatings market, in terms of gepgraphical reach, product portfolio, and financial performances over the last three years. In March 2020, PPG completed its acquisition of Alpha Coating Technologies, LLC (Alpha), a powder coatings manufacturer for light industrial applications and heat-sensitive substrates. The acquisition provides additional powder capacity. It includes small batch and low cure powder manufacturing capabilities for general finishes, light industrial, furniture, and heat-sensitive substrate end uses. This acquisition also provides emerging opportunities in low-temperature cure powder technology.
Another important player in the global industrial maintenance coatings market is Akzo Nobel N.V.
In March 2020, Akzo Nobel acquired the remaining 25% stake in Akzo Nobel Boya Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. (Turkey), a leading powder coatings joint venture. The acquisition is expected to help Akzo Nobel serve the powder coatings market in Turkey, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia.
Industrial Maintenance Coatings Market by Technology (Solvent-based, Water-based, Powder & Others), Resin Type (Epoxy, PU, Acrylic, Alkyd & Others), End-use Industry And Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America & Middle East & Africa) – Global Forecast to 2025
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Published Date: Nov 2020 | Report Code: CH 7789 | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11233 | {"url": "https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/ResearchInsight/industrial-maintenance-coating-market.asp", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.marketsandmarkets.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:45:42Z", "digest": "sha1:AYSMEHM6ZIZXLR2RU7MAWXS4REEZ4GLA"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2990, 2990.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2990, 7665.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2990, 10.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2990, 216.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2990, 0.9]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2990, 261.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2990, 0.17179024]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2990, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2990, 0.07581376]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2990, 0.04285126]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2990, 0.04285126]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2990, 0.04285126]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2990, 0.07787392]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2990, 0.10754017]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2990, 0.10094767]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2990, 0.05424955]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2990, 0.24412297]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2990, 0.558753]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2990, 5.82014388]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2990, 5.04843942]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2990, 417.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 39, 0.0], [39, 94, 0.0], [94, 650, 1.0], [650, 1574, 1.0], [1574, 2270, 1.0], [2270, 2367, 1.0], [2367, 2644, 1.0], [2644, 2923, 0.0], [2923, 2943, 0.0], [2943, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 39, 0.0], [39, 94, 0.0], [94, 650, 0.0], [650, 1574, 0.0], [1574, 2270, 0.0], [2270, 2367, 0.0], [2367, 2644, 0.0], [2644, 2923, 0.0], [2923, 2943, 0.0], [2943, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 39, 4.0], [39, 94, 6.0], [94, 650, 81.0], [650, 1574, 129.0], [1574, 2270, 91.0], [2270, 2367, 14.0], [2367, 2644, 45.0], [2644, 2923, 36.0], [2923, 2943, 3.0], [2943, 2990, 8.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 39, 0.0], [39, 94, 0.0], [94, 650, 0.025878], [650, 1574, 0.0], [1574, 2270, 0.00593472], [2270, 2367, 0.0], [2367, 2644, 0.02264151], [2644, 2923, 0.01593625], [2923, 2943, 0.0], [2943, 2990, 0.18604651]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 39, 0.0], [39, 94, 0.0], [94, 650, 0.0], [650, 1574, 0.0], [1574, 2270, 0.0], [2270, 2367, 0.0], [2367, 2644, 0.0], [2644, 2923, 0.0], [2923, 2943, 0.0], [2943, 2990, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 39, 0.1025641], [39, 94, 0.10909091], [94, 650, 0.02338129], [650, 1574, 0.08766234], [1574, 2270, 0.02873563], [2270, 2367, 0.05154639], [2367, 2644, 0.07220217], [2644, 2923, 0.11827957], [2923, 2943, 0.15], [2943, 2990, 0.14893617]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2990, 0.02228421]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2990, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2990, 0.07962233]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2990, -248.68817269]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2990, -65.46608614]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2990, 10.65522986]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2990, 33.0]]} |
Semitendinosus
Where Is the Semitendinosus?
The Semitendinosus of the hamstring muscles. It runs along the insides of the legs. It goes from the inner back of your down to the inner back of the lower knee.
What are the Symptoms of a Semitendinosus Tear or strain?
The hamstrings are the most commonly injured muscles in the human body.
This muscle can cause pain in the upper leg if the muscle is damaged at the top where it attaches. Often times the pain will radiate down the leg.
This muscle can also be damaged at the lower part giving pain behind the lower inner part of the knee.
What is The Function of the Semitendinosus?
Extends the thigh at the hip such as when walking it is responsible for drawing the leg backwards.
Flexes the leg at the knee.
Origin and Insertion of Semitendinosus
Lower, medial surface of ischial tuberosity
Medial surface of tibia (lower leg bone)
The 3 hamstring muscles are the semimembranosis, semitendinosis, and the biceps femoris. (With the exception of the short head of the biceps femoris) | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11234 | {"url": "https://www.markgiubarelli.com/yoga-anatomy/semitendinosus/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.markgiubarelli.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:38:01Z", "digest": "sha1:EC6GJZF3QVYHLIDJPCLZHM3RDNNUGRCX"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1030, 1030.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1030, 1849.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1030, 14.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1030, 79.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1030, 0.85]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1030, 236.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1030, 0.41708543]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1030, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1030, 0.04206731]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1030, 0.02884615]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1030, 0.03365385]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1030, 0.10552764]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1030, 0.48603352]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1030, 4.64804469]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1030, 3.9066398]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1030, 179.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 44, 1.0], [44, 206, 1.0], [206, 264, 1.0], [264, 336, 1.0], [336, 483, 1.0], [483, 586, 1.0], [586, 630, 1.0], [630, 729, 1.0], [729, 757, 1.0], [757, 796, 0.0], [796, 840, 0.0], [840, 881, 0.0], [881, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 44, 0.0], [44, 206, 0.0], [206, 264, 0.0], [264, 336, 0.0], [336, 483, 0.0], [483, 586, 0.0], [586, 630, 0.0], [630, 729, 0.0], [729, 757, 0.0], [757, 796, 0.0], [796, 840, 0.0], [840, 881, 0.0], [881, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 15, 1.0], [15, 44, 4.0], [44, 206, 31.0], [206, 264, 10.0], [264, 336, 12.0], [336, 483, 29.0], [483, 586, 20.0], [586, 630, 7.0], [630, 729, 18.0], [729, 757, 6.0], [757, 796, 5.0], [796, 840, 6.0], [840, 881, 7.0], [881, 1030, 23.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 44, 0.0], [44, 206, 0.0], [206, 264, 0.0], [264, 336, 0.0], [336, 483, 0.0], [483, 586, 0.0], [586, 630, 0.0], [630, 729, 0.0], [729, 757, 0.0], [757, 796, 0.0], [796, 840, 0.0], [840, 881, 0.0], [881, 1030, 0.00694444]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 44, 0.0], [44, 206, 0.0], [206, 264, 0.0], [264, 336, 0.0], [336, 483, 0.0], [483, 586, 0.0], [586, 630, 0.0], [630, 729, 0.0], [729, 757, 0.0], [757, 796, 0.0], [796, 840, 0.0], [840, 881, 0.0], [881, 1030, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 15, 0.06666667], [15, 44, 0.10344828], [44, 206, 0.02469136], [206, 264, 0.06896552], [264, 336, 0.01388889], [336, 483, 0.01360544], [483, 586, 0.00970874], [586, 630, 0.09090909], [630, 729, 0.01010101], [729, 757, 0.03571429], [757, 796, 0.07692308], [796, 840, 0.02272727], [840, 881, 0.02439024], [881, 1030, 0.01342282]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1030, 0.27253807]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1030, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1030, 0.00467825]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1030, -7.27099624]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1030, 12.69568857]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1030, 9.38892759]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1030, 14.0]]} |
Grants for First Time Homebuyers
POSTED Oct 5 2020 | 1 MINUTE READ
This is the eleventh in a series of videos and articles inspired by Mars Bank’s First Time Homebuyer live events. Sign up today for our free online first time homebuyer seminar.
There are a variety of sources for grants for first time homebuyers. Typically, these funds are available through housing or development organizations. Funds vary from state to state and county to county. Grant funds are awarded towards down payment and closing costs. Grant funds do not have to be repaid, however, there are stipulations for eligibility and repayment.
One of the stipulations is household income. Household income takes into consideration income of everyone who will be living in the property, regardless if they are a signatory on the mortgage or not.
For example, an individual is planning to buy a house in their name on the deed and mortgage. However, they have an elderly parent who will be living with them. For grant purposes only, the income of the parent will be considered. This includes pension and Social Security. The same holds true if the grant applicant has small children. The grant will take into consideration any child support or supplemental income that the children earn, including a part-time job.
Repayment of Grants
Most grants do not require homebuyers to repay. However, homeowners are typically required to live in the home for five years. If the grant recipient sells the property before the five years ends, there is a sliding scale for repayment. In year one it would be a higher percentage, year two would be less, and so on until year five.
All grant programs require credit counseling – either live or online. Credit counseling covers topics such as monthly payments, the importance of staying current with payments, credit, and budgeting. The budgeting details what expenses to expect when buying a home.
Apply Early
Grant funds are made available each year. However, it is important to note that grants are on a first-come-first-serve basis. Plan ahead and work with a lender to apply for a grant.
To get started, contact Mars Bank today.
Considering a first home purchase? Sign up today for our free online first time homebuyer seminar. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11235 | {"url": "https://www.mars.bank/grants-for-first-time-homebuyers/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.mars.bank", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:32:24Z", "digest": "sha1:AAQSNMMSEGYT53L4RUR7ZUUSOXZAV74A"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2236, 2236.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2236, 4900.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2236, 13.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2236, 106.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2236, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2236, 261.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2236, 0.3986014]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2236, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2236, 0.05736349]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2236, 0.08825152]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2236, 0.05736349]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2236, 0.05736349]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2236, 0.05736349]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2236, 0.05736349]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2236, 0.02482074]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2236, 0.02978489]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2236, 0.01985659]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2236, 0.00699301]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2236, 0.12820513]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2236, 0.50402145]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2236, 4.86058981]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2236, 4.88653962]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2236, 373.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 67, 0.0], [67, 245, 1.0], [245, 615, 1.0], [615, 816, 1.0], [816, 1284, 1.0], [1284, 1304, 0.0], [1304, 1637, 1.0], [1637, 1903, 1.0], [1903, 1915, 0.0], [1915, 2097, 1.0], [2097, 2138, 1.0], [2138, 2236, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 67, 0.0], [67, 245, 0.0], [245, 615, 0.0], [615, 816, 0.0], [816, 1284, 0.0], [1284, 1304, 0.0], [1304, 1637, 0.0], [1637, 1903, 0.0], [1903, 1915, 0.0], [1915, 2097, 0.0], [2097, 2138, 0.0], [2138, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 33, 5.0], [33, 67, 7.0], [67, 245, 31.0], [245, 615, 58.0], [615, 816, 33.0], [816, 1284, 79.0], [1284, 1304, 3.0], [1304, 1637, 60.0], [1637, 1903, 40.0], [1903, 1915, 2.0], [1915, 2097, 32.0], [2097, 2138, 7.0], [2138, 2236, 16.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 67, 0.19354839], [67, 245, 0.0], [245, 615, 0.0], [615, 816, 0.0], [816, 1284, 0.0], [1284, 1304, 0.0], [1304, 1637, 0.0], [1637, 1903, 0.0], [1903, 1915, 0.0], [1915, 2097, 0.0], [2097, 2138, 0.0], [2138, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 67, 0.0], [67, 245, 0.0], [245, 615, 0.0], [615, 816, 0.0], [816, 1284, 0.0], [1284, 1304, 0.0], [1304, 1637, 0.0], [1637, 1903, 0.0], [1903, 1915, 0.0], [1915, 2097, 0.0], [2097, 2138, 0.0], [2138, 2236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 33, 0.12121212], [33, 67, 0.5], [67, 245, 0.03932584], [245, 615, 0.01351351], [615, 816, 0.00995025], [816, 1284, 0.01709402], [1284, 1304, 0.1], [1304, 1637, 0.01201201], [1637, 1903, 0.0112782], [1903, 1915, 0.16666667], [1915, 2097, 0.01648352], [2097, 2138, 0.07317073], [2138, 2236, 0.02040816]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2236, 0.29452723]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2236, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2236, 0.09115332]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2236, -93.06797995]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2236, 17.96975085]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2236, -38.78624759]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2236, 28.0]]} |
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Crawford Smith: Mid 1950s
Clarence Schaffer, who operated Schaffer's Smoke House in the 300 block of Broadway for more than 30 years, created a sketch collection... | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11237 | {"url": "https://www.maryloumontgomery.com/googlef7ef4d60fa959b2fhtml/tags/clarence-schaffer", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.maryloumontgomery.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:57:15Z", "digest": "sha1:CD4JQGU6YRQRBUPH2XJCZ6IZGNQEFDCH"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 164, 164.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 164, 1781.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 164, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 164, 41.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 164, 0.89]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 164, 310.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 164, 0.28125]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 164, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 164, 0.5]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 164, 0.21875]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 164, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 164, 5.07692308]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 164, 0.03125]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 164, 3.25809654]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 164, 26.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 164, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 164, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 26, 4.0], [26, 164, 22.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 26, 0.16666667], [26, 164, 0.03787879]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 26, 0.0], [26, 164, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 26, 0.11538462], [26, 164, 0.04347826]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 164, 0.2613833]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 164, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 164, -9.66e-06]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 164, -7.14714196]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 164, -0.16882362]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 164, 1.8188352]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 164, 1.0]]} |
Marketing Strategy ›
Procter and Gamble (P&G) Marketing Strategy & Marketing Mix (4Ps)
Published by MBA Skool Team, Last Updated: August 19, 2017
Marketing Strategy of Procter and Gamble (P&G) analyzes the brand with the marketing mix framework which covers the 4Ps (Product, Price, Place, Promotion). There are several marketing strategies like product innovation, pricing approach, promotion planning etc. These business strategies, based on Procter and Gamble (P&G) marketing mix, help the brand succeed in the market.
Procter and Gamble (P&G) marketing strategy helps the brand/company to position itself competitively in the market and achieve its business goals & objectives.
Let us start the Procter and Gamble (P&G) Marketing Strategy & Mix to understand its product, pricing, advertising & distribution strategies:
Place and Distribution Strategy
Promotional and Advertising Strategy
Procter and Gamble (P&G) Product Strategy:
The product strategy and mix in Procter and Gamble (P&G) marketing strategy can be explained as follows:
P&G or Procter and Gamble is one of the leading FMCG companies in the world. P&G is a global leader offering product offerings in categories in beauty, grooming, personal care, healthcare etc. The wide range of product portfolio in the marketing mix of P&G is as below:
Beauty: Skin and beauty care products of P&G are offered under this segment. The brands under this segment are Olay, old spice, safeguard. P&G offers products such as shampoo and hair conditioner under the brand names Pantene and Head & shoulders. P&G also targets niche segments by offering products like Olay Age Defying.
Grooming: Product and Gamble offers shave care and appliances such as razors, pre and post shave in its grooming segment. The products are sold under the brand name Gillette which holds a leading market position in men grooming segment.
Health care: P&G offers oral care products under the brand Oral-B and personal health care products such as Vicks. The products offered under oral-B are mainly toothbrushes and toothpastes
Fabric care and Home care: P&G offers fabric care products under the brands Ariel and Tide. The products range from detergents, additives to fabric enhancers. Procter and Gamble also offers home care products such as air fresheners under the brand ambi pur
Baby, feminine and family care: P&G offers baby care products such as diapers and baby wipes under the brand pampers. It also offers feminine products under the Always which is known in India as whispers.
Image: company website
Procter and Gamble (P&G) Price/Pricing Strategy:
Below is the pricing strategy in Procter and Gamble (P&G) marketing strategy:
P&G follows different pricing policy for different brands under it.
The price of Procter and Gamble produts mostly depends on the quality of the product and its brand value. P&G uses three different pricing policy to gain market share and generate revenue i.e. competitive pricing, penetrating pricing and premium pricing. The Brands whose sale is affected a lot by its competitors, a competitive pricing policy is followed as a part of its marketing mix. If the competitor decreases its price then there are high chances that it would have an effect on sale of the product and thus the product has to competitively priced. When P&G enters the market or wants to create a new consumers base, it tries to capture market by following penetrative pricing policy. P&G prices it products of similar quality that of competitors at a slightly lower price to gain market share. The brands also provides high quality products that are targeted at a segment that can afford these products. P&G charges premium for these type of products. P&G doesn’t offer many discount and coupons on its products instead spends extra on advertising.
Procter and Gamble (P&G) Marketing Strategy comprises of not only its Marketing Mix, but also segmentation, targeting, positoning, competition and analysis like SWOT. Also read Procter and Gamble (P&G) SWOT Analysis, STP & Competitors
Procter and Gamble (P&G) Place & Distribution Strategy:
Following is the distribution strategy in the Procter and Gamble (P&G) marketing mix:
P&G has an efficient distribution system and thus is able to reach a larger consumer base. P&G products reaches a wide audience through provision stores chemist shops, retail Outlets and super markets. DHL is the courier service provider of P&G products that ensures logistical efficiency. The products are not only used by consumers but are also consumed in large amounts by businesses such as hotels etc. There are authorized dealers that caters to the needs of these business and provides them P&G products in large quantity.
The products are also sold through P&G website but this service is only available in few countries.
Procter and Gamble (P&G) Promotion & Advertising Strategy:
The promotional and advertising strategy in the Procter and Gamble (P&G) marketing strategy is as follows:
P&G promotes its brands and products through various means such as Advertising, Direct Marketing, Public relations and personal selling. Procter and Gamble uses TVC, print and online media to promote the brand through advertisements. P&G also uses celebrity endorsements for the advertisements. It has capitalized on internet marketing by launching its own website and where a consumer can find information about the product and purchase the product. The company uses direct marketing to sell its products to its corporate consumers. Personal selling is applied when a new brand or a new product of an existing brand enters the market. P&G gives sponsorships for various TV shows and events under its public relations activities. This completes the marketing mix of P&G (Procter and Gamble).
About Procter and Gamble (P&G):
P&G or Procter and Gamble, is a fortune 500 fast moving consumer goods multinational corporation headquartered in Ohio, USA. With its acquisition of Gillet in 2005, P&G became the largest consumer product company in the world. It is ranked in most admired companies of the world. It has a huge portfolio with 300 Brands under it. Procter and Gamble has a worldwide presence with its products sold in 160 countries and operation in 80 countries. The company employs around 135000 people. P&G is known worldwide for its quality and innovation.
It offers the products under five major segments- beauty, grooming, family and baby care, fabric and home care and health care segments. Some of the famous brands of P&G are Head and Shoulder, Olay, Pampers, Gillet, Oral-B, Always, Bounty, Old Spice and Ariel.
Browse marketing strategy and 4Ps analysis of more brands similar to Procter and Gamble (P&G). The Marketing Strategy & Mix section covers 4Ps and 7Ps of more than 800 brands in 2 categories.
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The names and other brand information used in the Marketing Strategy & Mix section are properties of their respective companies. The companies are not associated with MBA Skool in any way.
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MCI Response to PQ on Funding to Persons Providing Commentary on Social Media Platforms in Support of Government Policies
Category: Public Comms, Infocomm Media
Parliament Sitting on 10 January 2023
18. Mr Leong Mun Wai: To ask the Minister for Communications and Information whether the Government or any other entities owned or controlled by the Government provides funding to any foreign persons providing public commentary to promote or support Government policies or Singapore on social media platforms such as Facebook.
The Ministry of Communications and Information does not track the amount spent by the Government on paid advertising based on nationality.
2. Except for the Singapore Tourism Board in promoting Singapore as a tourism destination, it is not part of our communications and engagement strategy to pay foreign individuals to publish commentaries in support of Government policies or Singapore, on social media or anywhere else.
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October Deadline for ICD-10: What’s Different?
IDC-10
The medical coding system that was put in place 30 years ago is due for an update. ICD-9 is the set of codes used by healthcare practitioners and hospitals for diagnosis, and while many countries have moved to ICD-10 years ago, the U.S. is making its transition with the final date of compliance by October 1, 2015.
“ICD-10 codes will provide better support for patient care, and improve disease management, quality measurement and analytics,” said Marilyn Tavenner, Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) in a statement on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services website. “For patients under the care of multiple providers, ICD-10 can help promote care coordination.”
The difference between ICD-9 and ICD-10 comes down to detail; with the new implementation, practitioners will be able to gather more information on patients, which means diseases and health outcomes will be tracked with greater efficiency.
The move towards ICD-10 is one that has been needed for quite some time. ICD-9 is outdated, with obsolete medical terms that do not align with current medical technology and practices.
Examples of change include reclassification of certain diseases to reflect current medical knowledge, updated definitions of modern practices, and categorizing injuries by anatomical site, not by the injury itself.
Healthcare facilities must be prepared to ensure a smooth transition to ICD-10. Compliance programs are available so that managers and staff can stay current on the newest classifications and regulations.
MedXWaste offers OSHA Compliance Programs to help with the changing landscape of the medical field, including medical waste removal and safety plan builders.
In addition to accessing millions of MSDS/SDSs and bringing staff up to current safety codes, our OSHA Compliance Program helps ease the transition to ICD-10, allowing facilities to reduce rejected claims and bring systems to the current standard.
As with major changes in any industry, the transition to ICD-10 will require focused effort and attention.
Let MedXWaste assist you with the transition today. Contact us for pricing and details. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11240 | {"url": "https://www.medxwaste.com/2015/10/08/october-deadline-icd-10-whats-different/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.medxwaste.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:35:39Z", "digest": "sha1:UE7I55SRLJO2UYMUN7GPA4ZZ7525YJ36"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2204, 2204.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2204, 3397.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2204, 12.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2204, 80.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2204, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2204, 284.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2204, 0.3406326]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2204, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2204, 0.01545254]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2204, 0.0281457]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2204, 0.02317881]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2204, 0.04622871]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2204, 0.18004866]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2204, 0.59050445]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2204, 5.3768546]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2204, 4.89902644]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2204, 337.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 47, 1.0], [47, 54, 0.0], [54, 370, 1.0], [370, 759, 1.0], [759, 999, 1.0], [999, 1184, 1.0], [1184, 1399, 1.0], [1399, 1604, 1.0], [1604, 1762, 1.0], [1762, 2010, 1.0], [2010, 2117, 1.0], [2117, 2204, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 54, 0.0], [54, 370, 0.0], [370, 759, 0.0], [759, 999, 0.0], [999, 1184, 0.0], [1184, 1399, 0.0], [1399, 1604, 0.0], [1604, 1762, 0.0], [1762, 2010, 0.0], [2010, 2117, 0.0], [2117, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 47, 6.0], [47, 54, 1.0], [54, 370, 57.0], [370, 759, 55.0], [759, 999, 36.0], [999, 1184, 31.0], [1184, 1399, 29.0], [1399, 1604, 30.0], [1604, 1762, 23.0], [1762, 2010, 38.0], [2010, 2117, 17.0], [2117, 2204, 14.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.04651163], [47, 54, 0.4], [54, 370, 0.03267974], [370, 759, 0.01066667], [759, 999, 0.01287554], [999, 1184, 0.01675978], [1184, 1399, 0.0], [1399, 1604, 0.00995025], [1604, 1762, 0.0], [1762, 2010, 0.00826446], [2010, 2117, 0.01941748], [2117, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 54, 0.0], [54, 370, 0.0], [370, 759, 0.0], [759, 999, 0.0], [999, 1184, 0.0], [1184, 1399, 0.0], [1399, 1604, 0.0], [1604, 1762, 0.0], [1762, 2010, 0.0], [2010, 2117, 0.0], [2117, 2204, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.14893617], [47, 54, 0.42857143], [54, 370, 0.03164557], [370, 759, 0.05398458], [759, 999, 0.02916667], [999, 1184, 0.03783784], [1184, 1399, 0.00465116], [1399, 1604, 0.02439024], [1604, 1762, 0.05696203], [1762, 2010, 0.06854839], [2010, 2117, 0.03738318], [2117, 2204, 0.05747126]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2204, 0.38136655]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2204, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2204, 0.23028338]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2204, -161.43151179]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2204, -2.1188395]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2204, -56.42797018]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2204, 18.0]]} |
Christchurch Call
Peace, rights and security
Peace support operations
People smuggling and human trafficking
Space security
New Zealand is committed to the elimination of terrorist and violent extremist content online.
On 15 March, 2019 a terrorist opened fire in two Christchurch mosques, killing 51 people and injuring dozens more, during their prayers.
The atrocities were livestreamed on Facebook, weaponising the internet and amplifying the harm on a scale of magnitude the world had not seen.
On May 15, 2019, Prime Minister Ardern and President Macron of France, led the adoption of the Christchurch Call to Action.
The Christchurch Call(external link) is a series of voluntary commitments that bring Governments, Tech Companies and Civil Society together, with the common goal of eliminating terrorist and violent extremist content online.
This is an issue that transcends borders and platforms. It is a global problem that requires a global solution.
New Zealand is committed to working collaboratively, with industry and civil society, to prevent an online event like what we saw in Christchurch, from ever happening again.
The Christchurch Call is grounded in support for a free, open and secure internet, and the understanding that commitments must be respected in a way that upholds human rights and fundamental freedoms, including freedom of expression and States’ obligations under international human rights law.
New Zealand’s engagement on the Christchurch Call
As founders of the Christchurch Call, New Zealand and France have worked closely with Call supporters to deliver significant progress in the first year.
Since the Christchurch Call was established:
More than 50 countries and international organisations have supported the Call.
It has ten tech companies in support.
Three crisis response protocols are operational, that did not exist at the time of the Christchurch Attack. The Christchurch Call Shared Online Crisis Response Protocol, the industry led Content Incident Protocol and the European protocol, provide an interlinking communications network that enables a rapid and coordinated response to online events, between Governments and companies.
The Call has been the driving impetus for reform of the Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism (GIFCT)(external link), giving it independent status and dedicated resourcing.
The GIFCT will carry forward substantive progress on a number of the Call commitments.
New Zealand sits on a number of bodies within the GIFCT, including the Independent Advisory Committee and working groups dealing with Crisis Response and Content-sharing algorithms, processes and positive interventions.
MFAT works alongside partner agencies, including DIA, DPMC, Ministry of Justice and Police to meet New Zealand’s own commitments under the Christchurch Call. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11241 | {"url": "https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/peace-rights-and-security/international-security/christchurch-call/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.mfat.govt.nz", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:00:16Z", "digest": "sha1:VSBZBQDE2RNIRTOM3P7IJRMUSO2EJPYV"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2823, 2823.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2823, 7325.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2823, 23.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2823, 218.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2823, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2823, 332.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2823, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2823, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2823, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2823, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2823, 0.31589958]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2823, null]], 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Pawn Shop Owner Sues Georgia City
Jun 28, 2012 Sean Albert
The popularity of using pawn shops as a form of alternative finance has been on the rise since thanks to multiple reality television shows showing the behind the scenes work of the sector. However, some lawmakers seem to have a problem with the industry. In Georgia, a pawn shop owner recently decided to sue the city of Kennesaw because of allegedly unconstitutional zoning laws. After the ordinance was passed, a pawn shop was forced to close its doors. Zoning laws violate rights According to the Marietta Daily Journal, Mack Dobbs Properties owner Celestino Venturi has levied a lawsuit against the Georgia city. Despite being banned from opening a pawn shop in 2004, the source explained, Venturi was able to secure a business license for Cruchelow Jewelry and Loan in 2011 after an oversight by the city council. However, in early June, council members would not vote for an amendment to the shopping center's zoning laws that provide for a pawn shop. Venturi is claiming the city council of Kennesaw did not prove its denial of the zoning amendment was constitutional, the Marietta Daily Journal reported. "The defendants have delegated their authority to zone property to the citizens at large by basing their decision on whether there is vocal opposition to a zoning request," the lawsuit said, explaining the state constitution was not followed. A pawn shop could provide citizens in the area with a place to shop for new items, as well as a means of obtaining non-traditional short term lending should they face unexpected expenses, despite any possible issues with credit history. Georgia pawn shops shed in good light recently Regardless of any issues in Kennesaw, Georgia pawn shops have received positive advertising in the media lately. When a celebrity's name is linked with a pawn shop, the industry often receives a boost in revenue. The latest winner of American Idol, Phillip Phillips, was hailed as coming from a family of pawn owners. The show provided a forum for Phillips to talk about his work in the industry prior to auditioning for the reality show. After Phillips began gaining traction as one of the competition's frontrunners, WALB-TV reported, many customers called and visited the store to show support for the young singer. "We're getting calls from all over the world," shop manager Les Sherwood told WALB, explaining that the show and media coverage provided positive advertisement for the business.
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Chase Lab
Microbial Ecology and Evolution
Alexander Chase, PhD
Dr. Chase received his B.S. in Biological Sciences at UC Los Angeles (UCLA) and his PhD in Biological Sciences at UC Irvine, studying the mechanisms driving biogeographic patterns of microbial diversity with Dr. Jennifer Martiny. Through this work, Dr. Chase became interested in the way microbes communicate within their cells, with other microbes, and with the environment. These interactions are largely driven by chemical communication in the form of small molecule natural products. Consequently, Dr. Chase completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography with Dr. Paul Jensen. His research aims to bridge natural product chemistry and microbial ecology to uncover the mechanisms maintaining microbial diversity in microbiomes. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Roy M. Huffington Dept. of Earth Sciences at SMU.
Full CV can be found here.
Lab Staff
Bukola Ogungbe, Lab Technician
Ruhani Ahluwalia
Ruhani is an independent undergraduate student researcher interested in how microbiomes respond to pollutants (heavy metals) and intermittent environmental perturbations. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11243 | {"url": "https://www.microbomics.com/lab-members.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.microbomics.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:41:26Z", "digest": "sha1:5F3D5ORN3IKGNJTCOL7KHGARCTYWKWHL"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1234, 1234.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1234, 1509.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1234, 9.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1234, 27.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1234, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1234, 330.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1234, 0.27751196]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1234, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1234, 0.04664723]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1234, 0.02040816]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1234, 0.03887269]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1234, 0.04275996]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1234, 0.03827751]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1234, 0.14354067]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1234, 0.66853933]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1234, 5.78089888]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1234, 4.55479793]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1234, 178.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 10, 0.0], [10, 42, 0.0], [42, 63, 0.0], [63, 977, 1.0], [977, 1005, 1.0], [1005, 1015, 0.0], [1015, 1046, 0.0], [1046, 1064, 0.0], [1064, 1234, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 10, 0.0], [10, 42, 0.0], [42, 63, 0.0], [63, 977, 0.0], [977, 1005, 0.0], [1005, 1015, 0.0], [1015, 1046, 0.0], [1046, 1064, 0.0], [1064, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 10, 2.0], [10, 42, 4.0], [42, 63, 3.0], [63, 977, 135.0], [977, 1005, 6.0], [1005, 1015, 2.0], [1015, 1046, 4.0], [1046, 1064, 2.0], [1064, 1234, 20.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 10, 0.0], [10, 42, 0.0], [42, 63, 0.0], [63, 977, 0.0], [977, 1005, 0.0], [1005, 1015, 0.0], [1015, 1046, 0.0], [1046, 1064, 0.0], [1064, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 10, 0.0], [10, 42, 0.0], [42, 63, 0.0], [63, 977, 0.0], [977, 1005, 0.0], [1005, 1015, 0.0], [1015, 1046, 0.0], [1046, 1064, 0.0], [1064, 1234, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 10, 0.2], [10, 42, 0.09375], [42, 63, 0.19047619], [63, 977, 0.05908096], [977, 1005, 0.10714286], [1005, 1015, 0.2], [1015, 1046, 0.12903226], [1046, 1064, 0.11111111], [1064, 1234, 0.00588235]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1234, 0.01778799]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1234, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1234, 0.02309853]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1234, -35.95414439]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1234, -7.90643277]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1234, 12.92331032]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1234, 17.0]]} |
Community Food Pantry+ Drive
Posted on September 6, 2022 September 6, 2022 By Mary
Saturday, September 24th 9am to 1pm. Mifflin Avenue is collecting non-perishable food, paper & cleaning products and Toiletries. Donations will benefit Wilkinsburg Community Ministry who help our neighbors in Wilkinsburg, Homewood, Swissvale and Edgewood. Please note: expired foods cannot be distributed. Please check expiration dates before donating.
If you are unable to participate on this day, bring your donations on any Sunday morning between 9:30am and 12:30pm or during the office days/hours, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday between 9am and 1pm. Visit WCM website at www.wcm15221.org for more information. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11244 | {"url": "https://www.mifflinave.org/2022/09/06/community-food-pantry-drive/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.mifflinave.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:42:52Z", "digest": "sha1:IZG4Z6QCZTWMT2HUXONHROMU7X4BRYA5"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 694, 694.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 694, 1584.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 694, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 694, 45.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 694, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 694, 216.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 694, 0.24242424]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 694, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 694, 0.03521127]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 694, 0.04929577]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 694, 0.00757576]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 694, 0.24242424]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 694, 0.82]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 694, 5.68]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 694, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 694, 4.33130929]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 694, 100.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 83, 0.0], [83, 436, 1.0], [436, 694, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 83, 0.0], [83, 436, 0.0], [436, 694, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 29, 4.0], [29, 83, 10.0], [83, 436, 46.0], [436, 694, 40.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 83, 0.19607843], [83, 436, 0.01179941], [436, 694, 0.05668016]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 83, 0.0], [83, 436, 0.0], [436, 694, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 29, 0.13793103], [29, 83, 0.09259259], [83, 436, 0.04249292], [436, 694, 0.03488372]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 694, -9.66e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 694, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 694, 5.96e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 694, -67.11285875]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 694, -33.54955348]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 694, -44.42056071]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 694, 9.0]]} |
We Help Families
Plan For & Protect
Their Legacies REACH OUT NOW
If I Don't Have an Estate, Do I Really Need an Estate Plan?
Tanieka Thompson Mungo Nov. 5, 2020
You don't need to have a summer house on Lake Lanier or a private art collection big enough to rival the High Museum of Art to consider yourself the owner of an estate. In fact, virtually anyone who owns anything has an “estate” in the eyes of the law. Although the term may conjure images of expansive country properties, expensive cars, or other symbols of high wealth, for the purposes of estate planning law, the term “estate” covers a whole lot more.
What Constitutes an Estate?
Ordinary possessions like homes, jewelry collections, bank accounts, cars, furniture — basically anything you can own — are also under the purview of your estate, meaning estate planning is something that profoundly impacts virtually everyone, not just the “country club” crowd.
So even if you wouldn't ordinarily consider yourself the owner of an estate, it's quite likely that you are. The answer to the question “I don't have an estate. Do I really need an estate plan?” is, “Yes, virtually everyone who owns property could benefit from estate planning.” And estate planning covers more than just property, too: It's also about ensuring someone you trust can make critical medical decisions for you if you're unable to do so.
4 Key Advantages of Estate Planning
Estate planning may seem overwhelming. But you don't have to go it alone. We know what it takes to create a comprehensive estate plan tailored to your exact needs. Here are the core tenets of what's involved in estate planning and how you stand to benefit from the process:
It allows you to remain in complete control of your property while you're still alive and well.
It helps you provide for yourself and your loved ones if you become incapacitated or disabled - without expensive and distracting court hearings.
It minimizes the impact of professional fees, court costs, and taxes.
It provides a framework so you can give what you have to whom you want, the way you want, when you want.
Are you ready to sit down with a qualified estate planning attorney to see how you can ensure a better future for yourself and your family? There's no time to waste — the sooner you take stock of your estate and get critical documents like wills and trusts completed, the better. Give the Thompson Mungo Firm a call today to find out how we can keep your health and wealth in the right hands for good. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11245 | {"url": "https://www.millenialestateplanning.com/blog/if-i-dont-have-an-estate-do-i-really-need-an-estate-plan/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.millenialestateplanning.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:41:34Z", "digest": "sha1:Z5IFPU6FYAJFWQZDLYLDRHVYBKUAHF6A"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2502, 2502.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2502, 3597.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2502, 16.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2502, 60.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2502, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2502, 298.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2502, 0.44466019]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2502, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2502, 0.03690773]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2502, 0.07082294]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2502, 0.07082294]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2502, 0.07082294]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2502, 0.03690773]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2502, 0.03690773]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2502, 0.02793017]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2502, 0.00997506]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2502, 0.0159601]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2502, 0.01359223]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2502, 0.14174757]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2502, 0.52173913]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2502, 4.58810069]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2502, 4.97422677]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2502, 437.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 17, 0.0], [17, 36, 0.0], [36, 65, 0.0], [65, 125, 1.0], [125, 161, 0.0], [161, 617, 1.0], [617, 645, 1.0], [645, 924, 1.0], [924, 1374, 1.0], [1374, 1410, 0.0], [1410, 1684, 0.0], [1684, 1780, 1.0], [1780, 1926, 1.0], [1926, 1996, 1.0], [1996, 2101, 1.0], [2101, 2502, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 17, 0.0], [17, 36, 0.0], [36, 65, 0.0], [65, 125, 0.0], [125, 161, 0.0], [161, 617, 0.0], [617, 645, 0.0], [645, 924, 0.0], [924, 1374, 0.0], [1374, 1410, 0.0], [1410, 1684, 0.0], [1684, 1780, 0.0], [1780, 1926, 0.0], [1926, 1996, 0.0], [1996, 2101, 0.0], [2101, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 17, 3.0], [17, 36, 3.0], [36, 65, 5.0], [65, 125, 13.0], [125, 161, 6.0], [161, 617, 82.0], [617, 645, 4.0], [645, 924, 41.0], [924, 1374, 77.0], [1374, 1410, 6.0], [1410, 1684, 49.0], [1684, 1780, 17.0], [1780, 1926, 22.0], [1926, 1996, 11.0], [1996, 2101, 22.0], [2101, 2502, 76.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 17, 0.0], [17, 36, 0.0], [36, 65, 0.0], [65, 125, 0.0], [125, 161, 0.15151515], [161, 617, 0.0], [617, 645, 0.0], [645, 924, 0.0], [924, 1374, 0.0], [1374, 1410, 0.02857143], [1410, 1684, 0.0], [1684, 1780, 0.0], [1780, 1926, 0.0], [1926, 1996, 0.0], [1996, 2101, 0.0], [2101, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 17, 0.0], [17, 36, 0.0], [36, 65, 0.0], [65, 125, 0.0], [125, 161, 0.0], [161, 617, 0.0], [617, 645, 0.0], [645, 924, 0.0], [924, 1374, 0.0], [1374, 1410, 0.0], [1410, 1684, 0.0], [1684, 1780, 0.0], [1780, 1926, 0.0], [1926, 1996, 0.0], [1996, 2101, 0.0], [2101, 2502, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 17, 0.17647059], [17, 36, 0.15789474], [36, 65, 0.44827586], [65, 125, 0.18333333], [125, 161, 0.11111111], [161, 617, 0.01754386], [617, 645, 0.10714286], [645, 924, 0.00358423], [924, 1374, 0.01777778], [1374, 1410, 0.11111111], [1410, 1684, 0.01459854], [1684, 1780, 0.01041667], [1780, 1926, 0.00684932], [1926, 1996, 0.01428571], [1996, 2101, 0.00952381], [2101, 2502, 0.01496259]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2502, 0.01336747]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2502, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2502, 0.11263561]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2502, -86.95259095]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2502, 5.96462741]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2502, -241.60051536]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2502, 22.0]]} |
Jean-Michel Basquiat replica painting Bas20 | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11246 | {"url": "https://www.ming-gallery.com/jeanmichel-basquiat-painting-reproduction-Bas20.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ming-gallery.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:47:52Z", "digest": "sha1:N2WOS7MJACAS5PLFSEULXWJZUS7LAEXT"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 43, 43.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 43, 1332.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 43, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 43, 67.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 43, 0.63]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 43, 338.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 43, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 43, 0.14285714]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 43, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 43, 7.6]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 43, 1.60943791]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 43, 5.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 43, 5.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 43, 0.04761905]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 43, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 43, 0.09302326]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 43, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 43, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 43, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 43, -3.01871782]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 43, -1.14354113]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 43, 0.36517413]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 43, 1.0]]} |
Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto
Dated: 05 August 2003
(Former Prime Minister of Pakistan)
Chairperson of Pakistan People's Party and former Prime Minister of Pakistan, Benazir Bhutto, held a meeting with Dr Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri in Minhaj-ul-Quran Islamic Centre London on August 5, 2003. Impressed by the aims and objectives of MQI, its efforts for the spread of Islam and promotion of international peace and harmony, she got life membership of Minhaj-ul-Quran International. Talking at the occasion, she said that MQI was working towards the mission of eliminating sectarianism, extremism, and terrorism. It was all for interfaith dialogue and harmony under the leadership of Dr Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri. She said when personality like Shaykh-ul-Islam Dr Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri presents to the world his viewpoint about Islam, I feel pleased, satisfied and proud that we are followers of universal religion like Islam.
Expressing her views during her visit, she said that MQI was busy performing important obligation of promoting real spirit of Islam in the Islam world and getting together of so many people on a single platform was a matter worthy of appreciation. She said that she observed the welfare system, plans and visited various department of MQI and could say with authority and surety that no other organization outside Pakistan could compete with Minhaj-ul-Quran International.
Benazir Bhutto becomes life member of Minhaj-ul-Quran International
www.minhaj.org/english/tid/30/
Mr. Abdul Qadir Shaheen received Life Membership Certificate of Mrs Benazir Bhutto.
www.minhaj.org/english/tid/2796/
MQI observes seven-day mourning on Benazir's assassination
Dated: 28 December 2007
Hundreds Mourn Loss of Benazir Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto was a gallant daughter of a dauntless father: Dr Tahir-ul-Qadri
Murder of Benazir Bhutto is the death of the democratic process: Dr. Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri
PAT's condolence reference for Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed
Dated: 15 January 2008
Benazir Bhutto Joins Minhaj-ul-Quran
Pakistan Awami Itehad | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11247 | {"url": "https://www.minhaj.org/english//tid/8939/comments-views-by-what-Mohtarma-Benazir-Bhutto-Former-Prime-Minister-of-Pakistan-said-about-shaykh-ul-islam-dr-muhammad-tahir-ul-qadri.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.minhaj.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:12:42Z", "digest": "sha1:OUJ5D4HQ72E5FKOPPU3CM37ITCVDP3GQ"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2042, 2042.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2042, 6439.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2042, 18.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2042, 205.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2042, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2042, 270.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2042, 0.28140704]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2042, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2042, 0.05472933]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2042, 0.06960143]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2042, 0.05234979]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2042, 0.02498513]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2042, 0.01758794]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2042, 0.19346734]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2042, 0.56610169]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2042, 5.69830508]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2042, 4.71341767]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2042, 295.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 24, 0.0], [24, 46, 0.0], [46, 82, 0.0], [82, 916, 1.0], [916, 1389, 1.0], [1389, 1457, 0.0], [1457, 1488, 0.0], [1488, 1572, 1.0], [1572, 1605, 0.0], [1605, 1664, 0.0], [1664, 1688, 0.0], [1688, 1726, 0.0], [1726, 1805, 0.0], [1805, 1898, 0.0], [1898, 1961, 0.0], [1961, 1984, 0.0], [1984, 2021, 0.0], [2021, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 24, 0.0], [24, 46, 0.0], [46, 82, 0.0], [82, 916, 0.0], [916, 1389, 0.0], [1389, 1457, 0.0], [1457, 1488, 0.0], [1488, 1572, 0.0], [1572, 1605, 0.0], [1605, 1664, 0.0], [1664, 1688, 0.0], [1688, 1726, 0.0], [1726, 1805, 0.0], [1805, 1898, 0.0], [1898, 1961, 0.0], [1961, 1984, 0.0], [1984, 2021, 0.0], [2021, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 24, 3.0], [24, 46, 4.0], [46, 82, 5.0], [82, 916, 124.0], [916, 1389, 75.0], [1389, 1457, 8.0], [1457, 1488, 1.0], [1488, 1572, 12.0], [1572, 1605, 1.0], [1605, 1664, 7.0], [1664, 1688, 4.0], [1688, 1726, 6.0], [1726, 1805, 12.0], [1805, 1898, 14.0], [1898, 1961, 8.0], [1961, 1984, 4.0], [1984, 2021, 4.0], [2021, 2042, 3.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 24, 0.0], [24, 46, 0.3], [46, 82, 0.0], [82, 916, 0.00621118], [916, 1389, 0.0], [1389, 1457, 0.0], [1457, 1488, 0.08333333], [1488, 1572, 0.0], [1572, 1605, 0.15384615], [1605, 1664, 0.0], [1664, 1688, 0.27272727], [1688, 1726, 0.0], [1726, 1805, 0.0], [1805, 1898, 0.0], [1898, 1961, 0.0], [1961, 1984, 0.28571429], [1984, 2021, 0.0], [2021, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 24, 0.0], [24, 46, 0.0], [46, 82, 0.0], [82, 916, 0.0], [916, 1389, 0.0], [1389, 1457, 0.0], [1457, 1488, 0.0], [1488, 1572, 0.0], [1572, 1605, 0.0], [1605, 1664, 0.0], [1664, 1688, 0.0], [1688, 1726, 0.0], [1726, 1805, 0.0], [1805, 1898, 0.0], [1898, 1961, 0.0], [1961, 1984, 0.0], [1984, 2021, 0.0], [2021, 2042, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 24, 0.125], [24, 46, 0.09090909], [46, 82, 0.11111111], [82, 916, 0.05515588], [916, 1389, 0.02959831], [1389, 1457, 0.07352941], [1457, 1488, 0.0], [1488, 1572, 0.11904762], [1572, 1605, 0.0], [1605, 1664, 0.06779661], [1664, 1688, 0.08333333], [1688, 1726, 0.13157895], [1726, 1805, 0.06329114], [1805, 1898, 0.07526882], [1898, 1961, 0.11111111], [1961, 1984, 0.08695652], [1984, 2021, 0.13513514], [2021, 2042, 0.14285714]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2042, 0.26598167]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2042, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2042, 0.9364593]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2042, -78.78077346]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2042, -11.21956465]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2042, 11.4819876]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2042, 15.0]]} |
Wajid Khan
(Member Parliament, Canada)
It is a matter of great privilege for me that I had an opportunity of visiting Minhaj-ul-Quran in Lahore. My visit here has strengthened my belief that Minhaj-ul-Quran will lead the Muslim Umma and Pakistan on the path of enlightened moderation. I believe the personality of Professor sahib beacon of light and hope for us. I wish from the core of my heart that this Tehreek lead the Muslim world. May Allah enable us all to cooperate with it! | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11248 | {"url": "https://www.minhaj.org/english//tid/8962/comments-views-by-what-Wajid-Khan-Member-Parliament-Canada-said-about-shaykh-ul-islam-dr-muhammad-tahir-ul-qadri.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.minhaj.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:00:28Z", "digest": "sha1:NZD77BVB3TCYN4D54SGWNOSS7FYGMSAY"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 482, 482.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 482, 4582.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 482, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 482, 180.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 482, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 482, 233.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 482, 0.4]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 482, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 482, 0.03617571]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 482, 0.06718346]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 482, 0.03]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 482, 0.12]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 482, 0.73809524]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 482, 4.60714286]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 482, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 482, 3.97380111]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 482, 84.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 11, 0.0], [11, 39, 0.0], [39, 482, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 11, 0.0], [11, 39, 0.0], [39, 482, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 11, 2.0], [11, 39, 3.0], [39, 482, 79.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 11, 0.0], [11, 39, 0.0], [39, 482, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 11, 0.0], [11, 39, 0.0], [39, 482, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 11, 0.18181818], [11, 39, 0.10714286], [39, 482, 0.04063205]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 482, 0.02377254]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 482, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 482, 0.00070506]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 482, -1.01570167]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 482, -0.79711548]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 482, -23.13255825]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 482, 5.0]]} |
PalmaNew apartment house near the beach
This unique apartment building comprises four high-quality units and is located just a few metres from the port of Molinar and its magnificent pedestrian promenade. The total built area of the building is 553 sqm, divided into four floors. On the ground floor, next to the entrance area, there is a residence of 97 sqm with two bedrooms, two bathrooms and a living/dining room with integrated kitchen. The apartments on the first and second floors are identical and each has an open-plan living/dining area with kitchen, three bedrooms, two bathrooms and balcony. On the top floor of the building is a penthouse with a private sea view terrace. The 43 sqm penthouse has one bedroom, one bathroom and a living/dining room with an open kitchen. The sustainable architecture through a cross-laminated timber (CLT) construction gives the building an exclusive comfort that is reflected in the warmth of the spacious rooms and helps to reduce the carbon footprint of the building. In addition, it ensures minimal energy consumption to heat the building. Parking spaces can be purchased as an option.
Air ConditioningClose to beachLiftSea View
Start request for: PalmaNew apartment house near the beach | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11249 | {"url": "https://www.minkner.org/expose/665210/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.minkner.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:41:26Z", "digest": "sha1:4LCGASPTNQEOE6W3DVPOBAX3SP74DFIF"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1236, 1236.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1236, 5398.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1236, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1236, 155.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1236, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1236, 251.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1236, 0.37662338]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1236, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1236, 0.11462451]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1236, 0.06719368]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1236, 0.05434783]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1236, 0.03853755]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1236, 0.0513834]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1236, 0.004329]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1236, 0.12554113]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1236, 0.57788945]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1236, 5.08542714]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1236, 4.39505173]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1236, 199.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 1135, 1.0], [1135, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 1135, 0.0], [1135, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 40, 6.0], [40, 1135, 179.0], [1135, 1178, 5.0], [1178, 1236, 9.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 1135, 0.00654818], [1135, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 1135, 0.0], [1135, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 40, 0.05], [40, 1135, 0.01187215], [1135, 1178, 0.13953488], [1178, 1236, 0.05172414]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1236, 0.16518933]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1236, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1236, 0.16953868]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1236, -38.34882499]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1236, 0.34932423]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1236, 26.06091403]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1236, 10.0]]} |
Crutchfield, Tim
Timothy H. Crutchfield has been practicing law in Miami, FL since 1986. For the last 12 years, Mr. Crutchfield worked as a sole practitioner representing diverse clients in appeals and commercial litigation matters relating to insurance claims, commercial litigation, and personal injury.
Prior to owning his own firm, Mr. Crutchfield worked for Haley, Sinagra & Perez, P.A. as a Partner and, prior to, an Associate (elected partner in 1997). Mr. Crutchfield had the honor of serving as Law Clerk to the Honorable Wilkie D. Ferguson at the Third District Court of Appeal of Florida, Miami Florida from 1986 - 1988
OFFICIAL APPOINTMENTS:
Miami Shores Planning and Zoning Board 1999 - 2005
FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF LAW, Tallahassee, Florida
Juris Doctor, 1986
Member, Florida State University Law Review
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Gainesville, Florida
Bachelor of Arts, English, 1983
BAR MEMBERSHIP:
Florida, 1986 • United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit, 1989 • United States District Court, Southern District of Florida, 1988
SAMPLE PUBLISHED OPINIONS:
U.S. South Florida Water Management District, 922 F.2d 704 (11th Cir. 1991) • In re Pleeter, 293 B.R. 812 (Bankr. S.D. Fla. 2003), affirmed, Pleeter v. Bookbinder, 123 Fed. Appx. 386 (table), cert. denied, Pleeter v. Bookbinder 126 S.Ct. 329 (2005) • Morales v. Rosenberg, 919 So.2d 476 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005) • Magnum Capital, LLC v. Carter & Associates, LLC, 905 So.2d 220 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005) • Rosenberg v. Morales, 804 So.2d 622 (Fla. 3d DCA 2002) • Loveland v. CSX Transportation, Inc., 622 So.2d 1120 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993)
Business Interruption Claims
Construction Defect Claims
Homeowner Claims
Windstorm & Hurricane Damage
Juris Doctor - 1986
B.A., Bachelor of Arts - 1983
U.S. Court of Appeals 11th Circuit, 1989
U.S. District Court Southern District of Florida, 1988
Haley, Sinagra & Perez, P.A., Partner
Honorable Wilkie D. Ferguson at the Third District Court of Appeal of Florida, Miami Florida, Law Clerk, 1986 to 1988
Fraternities or Sororities
Pleeter v. Bookbinder 126 S.Ct. 329 (2005)
Morales v. Rosenberg, 919 So.2d 476 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005)
LLC v. Carter & Associates, LLC, 905 So.2d 220 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005)
Rosenberg v. Morales, 804 So.2d 622 (Fla. 3d DCA 2002)
Loveland v. CSX Transportation, Inc., 622 So.2d 1120 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993)
Certified Legal Specialties
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Teresa M. Wood
Stay up-to-date on event information as well as memories shared on Teresa M. Wood’s Tribute Wall. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11251 | {"url": "https://www.modetzfuneralhomes.com/obituaries/obituary-listings?obId=23342", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.modetzfuneralhomes.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:35:32Z", "digest": "sha1:CTXZNONPNINOGVT6HVWJNNPUESJTDQD4"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 112, 112.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 112, 51675.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 112, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 112, 81.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 112, 0.88]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 112, 226.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 112, 0.28571429]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 112, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 112, 0.15730337]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 112, 0.07142857]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 112, 0.21428571]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 112, 0.78947368]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 112, 4.68421053]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 112, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 112, 2.65258753]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 112, 19.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 112, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 112, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 15, 3.0], [15, 112, 16.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 112, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 112, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 15, 0.2], [15, 112, 0.06185567]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 112, -6.91e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 112, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 112, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 112, -17.98226607]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 112, -4.47126765]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 112, -12.01648988]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 112, 3.0]]} |
Skip to content Orthopedic Surgery
Montefiore.org
General Orthopedics
Hand & Upper Extremity
Orthopedic Oncology
Pediatric Orthopedics
718-900-2000 [email protected]
Refer My Patient
specialty: Orthopedic Oncology
Hockey Player, 19 years old, Long Island, NY
at barely five-seven Jake Drucker may be the smallest hockey player in his league, but he plays like a giant on the ice.
But his energy disappeared one morning in 2017. Unlike the usual soreness that comes from five-hour days on the ice, and repeated body checks into the boards, Jake’s pain felt like a slapshot to the leg.
I just had the most excruciating, horrible pain around my knee. Just the worst pain possible.
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I just had the most excruciating, horrible pain around my knee. Just the worst pain possible. So, I went to one doctor who told me it was bursitis. But the pain was still there for two weeks, so I ended up being referred to Montefiore.
Doctors in the Department of Orthopedics at Montefiore discovered a tumor was quietly and aggressively eating away at Jake’s femur.
I’m a pretty rough player to play against.
I’m a pretty rough player to play against. I kind of fit into the role there of ‘the agitator’. That’s the kind of game I play. I try to get under their skin and be as pugnacious and energetic as I can.
In this instance, the tumor was benign, and he was very glad, but even though the tumor is benign, we have to take it out
Dr. Hoang:
When you’re young, you’re invincible and you don’t think that you’re gonna have a problem, ever. And then to have somebody come and tell you that you have a tumor and that you need to have surgery. It’s pretty scary. In this instance, the tumor was benign, and he was very glad, but even though the tumor is benign, we have to take it out because that it will help the bone to heal much better and he can go back to playing hockey much quicker and he doesn’t have to worry about subsequent fractures.
With hockey season fast approaching, Jake had less than three months to get his atrophied right leg back up to speed so he could qualify for his team, the New England Wolves.
Montefiore basically gave me a mental road map of how I could do it.
Montefiore referred me to a physical therapy company and basically gave me a mental road map of how I could do it. First I had to learn how to walk again, then I had to re-learn how to skate. Then I had to learn how to skate while someone is trying to shoot a puck at me or trying to take my head off.
Jake was able to rejoin his pack and get back to being a playmaker on the ice – lacing up and facing off with the best of them.
Andrew Trimble, New England Wolves Head Coach:
“Jake came into our program and has been a key ingredient in our teams making the playoffs. He is the first person on the ice to practice and the last to leave. He takes extra reps and will bike after games for hours until you have to kick him out of the rink. Jake is an incredible young man with a bright future”
It’s been a year since my surgery and I’m on the ice pretty much all day, every day
It’s been a year since my surgery and I’m on the ice pretty much all day, every day. I’m in the gym when I’m not on the ice. And I honestly think that I’m stronger now than I was before this entire ordeal. Doctor Hoang, he saved my hockey career. Without Montefiore I wouldn’t have these opportunities to continue traveling the world and meeting all these great people. So, at the end of the day, Montefiore kind of saved my life.
Learn more about Orthopedic Oncology
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Community Services & Resources
A Member of the Montefiore Health System | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11252 | {"url": "https://www.montefiore-orthopedics.org/story/jake", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.montefiore-orthopedics.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:35:24Z", "digest": "sha1:F3TLF23B65W5VSRA2B5XSYYQFSAZU6SV"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 3816, 3816.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 3816, 5380.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 3816, 39.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 3816, 131.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 3816, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 3816, 330.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 3816, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 3816, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 3816, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 3816, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 3816, 0.45676005]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 3816, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 3816, 0.18223684]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 3816, 0.21513158]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 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Jeannette Elizabeth Gunderson
Jeannette Elizabeth Gunderson, aged 85 years of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, passed away on Friday, June 19th, 2009. In keeping with Jeannette’s wishes, there will be No Funeral Service.Jeannette was born in Broadview, Saskatchewan. She married Arthur Gunderson October 14th, 1949. Jeannette was predeceased by her parents David and Florence Robinson as well as two brothers Billy and Gerry. She will be lovingly remembered by her husband of almost 60 years, Art; son David (Leanne); daughter Sharon (Dale Langford); son Trevor (Tammi); three grandchildren Karli (Kory), Janson (Sharon) and Tyler; two sisters Florence Weber and Verna (Alex) Wyllie; brother in law Melvin (Marion); and numerous other relatives. Flowers are gratefully declined. For those so wishing, memorial donations may be made in Jeannette’s name to the Heart & Stroke Foundation of Sask., 279 3rd Ave. N., Saskatoon, Sk., S7K 2H8. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11253 | {"url": "https://www.moosejawfuneralhome.com/project/gunderson-jeannette-elizabeth/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.moosejawfuneralhome.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:30:02Z", "digest": "sha1:5CM2HWOLAEFZPTSCPFP4WVDCKYSYEWLX"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 928, 928.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 928, 1854.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 928, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 928, 73.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 928, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 928, 249.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 928, 0.2311828]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 928, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 928, 0.04871448]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 928, 0.07307172]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 928, 0.01612903]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 928, 0.25806452]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 928, 0.78571429]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 928, 5.27857143]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 928, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 928, 4.60185578]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 928, 140.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 30, 0.0], [30, 928, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 30, 0.0], [30, 928, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 30, 3.0], [30, 928, 137.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 30, 0.0], [30, 928, 0.02712264]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 30, 0.0], [30, 928, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 30, 0.1], [30, 928, 0.06792873]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 928, 0.11375654]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 928, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 928, 0.02545208]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 928, -43.95973546]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 928, -8.98879579]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 928, 7.62567668]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 928, 12.0]]} |
MomLife Louisville || Bear Paddle Swim School
I know we just got through Christmas, and spring break may not be the next thing on your mind, but the only thing that is going to get me through this cold weather is counting down the days until we are on the beach again.
As the boys get older and more active, I am beginning to purge some of the toys they no longer use. So for Christmas, I asked my mom to buy less "stuff" and give more "experiences". Nolan had a few trial classes at Bear Paddle Swim School here in town and after the first class I was so impressed that I suggested my mom consider gifting the boys lessons to prepare them for all our time by the pool and in the ocean in a few months. Can't beat the practicality!
Aiden, Hudson and Nolan were THRILLED when they opened their swim package at Nana's. My mom recruited my niece to make super cute certificates which she included inside along with a skill-patch towel, a Bear Paddle teddy bear and a hooded beach towel. They are so excited for their sessions to begin in January.
What makes Bear Paddle so great?
I had never heard of Bear Paddle until just a few months ago when they reached out to me about their new location in Louisville off Hurstbourne Ln. When we went for our first visit I was impressed with the facility. It was clean, bright, welcoming and warm. We were greeted by their friendly staff and given a tour. Afterwards we headed to the family changing area to get Nolan ready for his class. There were numerous private stalls for changing, a large grouping of lockers to keep belongings and a few swim suit dryers for after class so you don't have to toss dripping trunks into your bag to bring home. And because I'm a moderate germophobe, I'll mention again that it was very clean, which is always a huge plus in my book.
Before getting in the saltwater pool, kids are supposed to walk through a "Kiddie Car Wash" - a water shower area - but Nolan refused, so I wasn't sure he would even step foot in the pool for the lesson. Luckily, he warmed up to his instructor pretty quickly and got right in.
The gentle and fun approach that Bear Paddle uses to teach basic swim skills was perfect for Nolan. They sing songs, splash, and have the kids pretend to push the instructor in the water which always got a lot of laughs. The small lanes have a platform at the other end so the kids can stand up and catch their breath when they turn around. Genius! They worked on putting their faces in the water, getting their heads wet, floating on their back, kicking and paddling, and even getting out of the pool on the side by themselves, something I never really even thought of needing to teach!
At the end of the first class Nolan was sad and couldn't wait to come back. And once the other boys heard Nolan got to go swimming, they wanted to get in on the fun. Ethan, my oldest, swims independently, but if he ever wanted to participate, Bear Paddle also offers classes beyond the fundamentals, helping them learn and master swim strokes, flip turns and other competitive skills.
Bear Paddle also offers swim camps and pool parties. Nolan turns 4 February 1st and he has already decided he wants to celebrate with friends at Bear Paddle.
I highly recommend you check them out! For more information, visit Bear Paddle's website or give them a call and ask for your free trial class today. Only 3 months left before spring break, so get those little ones ready by helping them become confident swimmers, and helping give you peace of mind!
**I was given complimentary Bear Paddle swim lessons in exchange for social media sharing. As always, my reviews are 100% honest.
2017: Facing Many Changes
I clearly remember the anxiety that overcame me the minute the ball dropped last New Year's Eve. Once we said goodbye to 2016, it meant we were entering "the year that Aiden would have his midface surgery". It became real. We had to start saying "this year" rather than "in the future" when discussions on the subject would come up. The anticipation for this part of his journey had lingered for so long that the build up almost broke me.
In February we got a date confirmed for the mid-face advancement procedure and an official countdown began. My emotions were strapped in tight on the scariest roller coaster you could ever imagine. Most of the time I would be okay to function normally, participate socially, smile freely. But underneath the surface my nerves were shot.
My health suffered. I felt like a failure as a mom because there were so many moments I had to lock myself in my room to cry. The stress took a toll on my body and I bounced around from doctor to doctor begging someone to figure out why I felt like a 36 year old woman trapped in an 85 year old's body.
And yet time didn't stop, May 19th still steadily approached.
As someone with a type-A personality, always wanting to plan things and control the outcomes, the unknowns that surrounded the major procedure my 9 year old son was going to undergo left me feeling completely out of sorts. I found a wonderful therapist who was worth every penny, but even that was no match for the craziness that swirled about my head on a daily basis. I used to be someone who kept a clean house, stayed on top of the laundry, meal-planned and cooked healthy dinners several nights a week. Someone who loved to write. Someone who felt pretty confident in her abilities to be a decent mom and manage the chaos that is mothering 4 boys under 10.
In April, we went on spring break with a group of friends. For the second year in a row we had 14+ kids and 12 adults sharing a large beach house. It was totally crazy and definitely fun, but every second felt like I was watching it happen through the lens of "what-ifs". Every photo I took of the boys playing carefree in the sand was snapped with a lump in my throat and the gruesome thought "what if this is the last time we are on the beach together as a family of 6".
My friend Cara happens to be an amazing photographer so when I asked if she would take our family photos that year in Destin, she happily obliged. I remember applying makeup to my sunburned face and having to put my mascara on last because of the tears I cried thinking that these would be the last professional pictures we would have as a family before Aiden's surgery. The last photos we would have of Aiden the way he was then. My mind raced, "What if these were the last family pictures with Aiden we had...ever?"
Photo Credit: Caroline Couture Photography
May began and we tied up loose ends. Everyone rallied around our son with Super Aiden t-shirts, care packages and lots and lots of visits with friends and family. And then, on a sunny morning in mid-May, we said our good-byes, kissed the other boys and piled in the car careening towards the biggest unknown of all. "What if Aiden doesn't come home?"
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Handing him over was still just as difficult as it always is. Ricky and I sat silently in the family waiting room but our hearts spoke through the worry on our faces. "Please let him come back to us."
In just 4 short hours the surgery was complete and although we still had several weeks of enduring the RED device, my biggest fear subsided. I started to breathe again. He was okay. We were going to be okay. The first few weeks were the hardest. He was sad, not himself. Who could blame him. When he began doing cannonballs into the pool we knew we would make it through this too. The days were slow but the weeks flew by and before we knew it we were heading back to Dallas for the removal of the device. The final weight to be lifted off our shoulders.
Adjusting to Aiden's new look was slow at first. We had so many mixed emotions as we stared at a boy who looked one way 8 weeks earlier and totally different now. He bounced back quickly and had a new sense of confidence which made it easier for us to accept the change.
It wasn't long after things settled down that I finally took time to care for myself. I was eventually diagnosed with Hashimotos thyroiditis, an autoimmune disease that affects the function of your thyroid. I had been on medication for hypothyrodism for years but the underlying issue was (and may have always been) Hashimotos. With a clearer diagnosis, a new endocrinologist, some new medication and significant diet changes, I started on the right path to feeling better.
Although the surgery was behind us, I think I underestimated the time it would take for my mind and heart to heal. For many more weeks, months even, I felt like I was treading water, never able to make it to the edge for a break. I wasn't drowning anymore, but I was definitely still having trouble keeping my head above the splashes that even just a back to "normal" life surrounds you with.
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My 2017 "Best Nine" photos from Instagram (the pictures with the most "likes").
Clearly indicates what our biggest event from this year was!
Visit @MoreSkeesPlease on Instagram to follow our family.
Looking back, this entire year has mostly been a blur. There were so many good moments - wonderful friends that lifted our family up in ways that I'll never quite be able to adequately express gratitude for. Family who literally put their lives on hold to help us sort ours out. And the overwhelming relief of a successful surgery and smooth transition from Aiden before the RED to the new Aiden after the RED.
My strength and resolve was tested for sure, but with the love from those closest to us and even the support from complete strangers who prayed for a little boy they have never met, I'm happy to say I have found a renewed faith in God. My mind feels clear and my heart at ease. I am ready to take on 2018. Oh so grateful for the both the valleys and the peaks. Oh so grateful for this crazy beautiful life.
▼ Dec ( 2 ) | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11254 | {"url": "https://www.moreskeesplease.com/2017/12/?widgetType=BlogArchive&widgetId=BlogArchive1&action=toggle&dir=open&toggle=MONTHLY-1564635600000&toggleopen=MONTHLY-1512108000000", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.moreskeesplease.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:57:35Z", "digest": "sha1:HBDF7RKCWFPSLXDVPQNP6CBHVAWT37YZ"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 9989, 9989.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 9989, 12544.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 9989, 35.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 9989, 176.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 9989, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 9989, 262.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 9989, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 9989, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 9989, 1.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 9989, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 9989, 0.46089932]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 9989, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 9989, 0.0]], 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2011 International Historic Motoring Awards: Winners announced
Submitted by Rich Fowler on November 23, 2011
The inaugural International Historic Motoring Awards were held last weekend to an audience of over 200 racing legends, celebrities, collectors and industry heads.
The winners were as follows:
Museum or Collection of the Year:
Simeone Foundation Automotive Museum
Club of the Year, sponsored by Ellis Clowes:
Historic Sports Car Club
Innovation of the Year:
3D Engineers
Industry Champion of the Year, sponsored by the HSCC:
Revs Program at Stanford University
Book of the Year:
Ultimate E-type by Philip Porter
Restoration of the Year, sponsored by EFG International:
The Lindner Nöcker E-type by Classic Motor Cars
Personal Achievement of the Year, sponsored by The Sunday Times InGear:
Kevin Wheatcroft of Donington Park Circuit
Historic Race Series of the Year, supported by BRM watches:
Pre-63 GT
Motorsport Event of the Year:
Motoring Event of the Year, sponsored by Classic Motor Cars:
Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance
Car of the Year, sponsored by Octane magazine:
Porsche Type 64 Rekordwagen
Lifetime Achievement Award:
Sir Stirling Moss
Here is the official blurb
Over 210 people attended the event at the stunning St Pancras Renaissance Hotel, for drinks reception, sit-down meal and awards presentation, brilliantly hosted by ex-F1 driver and current F1 TV commentator Martin Brundle, a great fan of historic racing following his drives in Ferrari 250GTO and Jaguar E-type Lightweight at Goodwood Revival. His comments on the dangers of racing Nick Mason’s £20 million GTO were met with a wry smile from Nick, sat in the audience.
The first award of the evening was Museum or Collection of the Year, won by the Simeone Foundation Automotive Museum on the east coast of America. The collection’s founder, Dr Frederick Simeone, collected the award, saying ‘the collection tells the story of the competition and shows the evolution of the competition car through that. When asked by Martin Brundle if there are plans to expand the collection he replied, ‘I’m kinda tapped out now!’
Next up was Club of the Year, sponsored by Ellis Clowes, and won by the Historic Sports Car Club, the long-established historic race series organisers. Executive director Graham White collected the award, explaining that ‘for the first time we’ve topped 1000 members this year’.
The Innovation of the Year award followed and was won by 3D Engineers, the company that successfully mapped every component of a Bugatti Type 35, not just to analyse the design but to allow the parts to be more easily recreated when necessary. Stuart Brown of 3D Engineers described how ‘it took three years to digitise the Bugatti. Every part was a piece of engineering beauty. Now the only limit to what we can do with this is our own imaginations.’
The next award was for Industry Champion of the Year, sponsored by the Historic Sports Car Club. The winner was the Revs Program at Stanford University, USA, and executive director Dr Sven Beiker explained what had prompted the study: ‘Everyone has a tale to tell about the automobile, and that’s what Stanford is good at.’
For the Book of the year Award, it seemed appropriate that Philip Porter’s authoritative work Ultimate E-type – The Competition Cars was voted the winner in this, the 50th year of the E-type. ‘It was a great big detective story,’ said Philip, ‘and I was lucky enough to interview great people and some true heroes.’
The high-profile Restoration of the Year award was next, sponsored by EFG International, and won to great applause by Classic Motor Cars for the restoration of the Lindner Nocker E-type. CMC’s Peter Neumark explained ‘the restoration took 7000 hours, over 5000 of which were in the body alone. It was the last ever competition car to be prepared in Coventry – it [the restoration] just had to be done!’
This was followed by the Personal Achievement of the Year award, sponsored by The Sunday Times InGear supplement. The worthy winner was Kevin Wheatcroft, who took over from his late father to rescue Donington Park circuit after the disastrous attempt by an outside company to prepare it for Formula 1. ‘There was nothing to think about, I just had to get it done,’ said Kevin, though he later admitted that the work had entirely taken over his life.
The winner of the Historic Race Series of the Year award, supported by BRM watches, was the Pre-’63 GT series, organised by Carol Spagg and Ben Collins, who collected the award together. ‘It’s all thanks to having the right people with the right cars and the right attitude,’ said Ben.
The Motorsport Event of the Year came next, with the award won by the Goodwood Revival and collected by Goodwood’s motorsport director Lloyd McNeill. When talking with Martin Brundle on how the team manages to improve the Revival year on year, Lloyd revealed that for 2012 the Revival would celebrate 50 years of the Cobra and would also include a special Silver Arrows feature.
This was followed by the Motoring Event of the Year, sponsored by Classic Motor Cars, and won by the Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance, which not only leads the world in concours events but has also raised over $15 million for charity. Nic Waller from the organising team said ‘we have the most fantastic cars but people are what this event is about’, before turning to Classic Motor Cars’ Peter Neumark and saying ‘Next year we want the Lindner Nocker!’
The penultimate award was for the Car of the Year, sponsored by Octane. It was won by the Porsche Type 64 Rekordwagen, which was destroyed by American soldiers after World War Two. Years later the remaining parts were tracked down and restored to enable the legendary forerunner to the 356 to be recreated by Hamburg’s Prototyp museum. Prototyp founders Thomas Konig and Oliver Schmidt explained how the Type 64 was ‘the car of our dreams. We are very grateful to have won this award – [the restoration] was big fun and the next project awaits!’
And then the last one, the Lifetime Achievement Award. Tony Brooks, who competed in 38 Grand Prix races between 1956 and ’61, joined Brundle on stage to welcome the winner, Sir Stirling Moss OBE, who retired from racing this year.
‘I’ve had the most fantastic life,’ he told the audience. ‘It’s been dangerous, exciting and very exhilarating. The danger of motor racing was one of the reasons why you wanted to do it as a kid, and they were great times.’
Tony Brooks explained that their careers had overlapped by seven seasons and that the two had been teammates for some of that time. ‘Stirling was absolutely magnificent, the skills he had were incredible. We didn’t have a single argument, just the occasional mumble, while we were teammates.’
Martin Brundle asked “Are you jealous of the F1 drivers of today?” to which Stirling replied “How could I be! If Lewis wins something he has to go to talk to Vodaphone, while I just went out chasing crumpet!”
He received a standing ovation from the crowd, as the 2011 International Historic Motorsport Awards drew to a close. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11255 | {"url": "https://www.motorsportretro.com/2011/11/international-historic-motoring-awards/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.motorsportretro.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:44:08Z", "digest": "sha1:7KJ2OKOYC6WQ6UCSKTSN27VCYUKUIBOA"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 7063, 7063.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 7063, 7992.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 7063, 45.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 7063, 93.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 7063, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 7063, 317.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 7063, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 7063, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 7063, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 7063, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 7063, 0.38395415]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 7063, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 7063, 0.01709104]], 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Finding a Great Caravan Park
Comments Off on Finding a Great Caravan Park
Staying in a caravan for a holiday is becoming increasingly popular for couples, families and friends. So if you fancy spending time in one, you will want to know where to find the perfect park for you.
The internet is an excellent way to find a suitable park, especially the best ones around. So if you want to get a head start in your search just type the words “Caravan Park” prefaced by your location in your browser, e.g., ‘Yorkshire caravan parks’ and up will pop of host of websites belonging to all kinds of parks – both large and small.
In order to assist people in finding a caravan park in a location which is either close to them, or in an area where they would like to stay, many websites publish lists in geographical order, sometimes throughout the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. You may also find parks listed across the English Channel in France as well as other locations throughout Europe. Some websites also publish aerial maps of their various locations, giving you a better idea of the area you may choose stay in
So what makes a park “great”, as opposed to just pleasant or quite good? Firstly there are the facilities in the caravans themselves. Today’s units are a far cry from the traditional cramped little caravans that were popular many years ago. Nowadays the vans come complete with luxury items, fully fitted kitchens, showers and can be anything up to sixty feet long. They really are a home from home which is of course one reason why these kind of holidays are becoming so popular once again.
Other factors that serve to make a caravan park deserve the term “great”is the provision of entertainment, be it organised, proximity to a beach, golf, water sports, cycling, indoor entertainment and children’s play area, to name just a few.
Location is also very important. The seaside with a beautiful beach, or a beautiful countryside venue, are likely ingredients for popular parks. As well as pleasant surroundings, they will also be near to interesting places to visit, be they quaint country towns or seaside resorts.
And, if you enjoy your holiday so much you can choose to own your own holiday home as most parks will have a choice of luxury new and used static caravans for sale. If they don’t have the particular one you desire, the park may help you find it. Price is always important, and the park will hopefully charge a very economical price for the static caravan you wish to purchase. You will also have to pay ground rent, so check the contact details on their website, and ask how much you are likely to have to pay.
So in order to find a great park for your caravan holiday, check out the internet to find out what is on offer.
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Accommodation For All the Family in Cornwall | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11256 | {"url": "https://www.motox3m2.com/finding-a-great-caravan-park/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.motox3m2.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:06:07Z", "digest": "sha1:ZYGQEZXIIKW4XFDXESI7SPD2CJBRNYKA"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2839, 2839.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2839, 4197.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2839, 12.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2839, 98.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2839, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2839, 280.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2839, 0.48421053]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2839, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2839, 0.02101576]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2839, 0.01926445]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2839, 0.01138354]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2839, 0.01751313]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2839, 0.10701754]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2839, 0.49108911]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2839, 4.52277228]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2839, 5.03310416]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2839, 505.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 74, 0.0], [74, 277, 1.0], [277, 620, 1.0], [620, 1123, 0.0], [1123, 1615, 1.0], [1615, 1857, 1.0], [1857, 2140, 1.0], [2140, 2651, 1.0], [2651, 2763, 1.0], [2763, 2795, 0.0], [2795, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 74, 0.0], [74, 277, 0.0], [277, 620, 0.0], [620, 1123, 0.0], [1123, 1615, 0.0], [1615, 1857, 0.0], [1857, 2140, 0.0], [2140, 2651, 0.0], [2651, 2763, 0.0], [2763, 2795, 0.0], [2795, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 29, 5.0], [29, 74, 8.0], [74, 277, 37.0], [277, 620, 64.0], [620, 1123, 88.0], [1123, 1615, 86.0], [1615, 1857, 39.0], [1857, 2140, 45.0], [2140, 2651, 98.0], [2651, 2763, 23.0], [2763, 2795, 5.0], [2795, 2839, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 74, 0.0], [74, 277, 0.0], [277, 620, 0.0], [620, 1123, 0.0], [1123, 1615, 0.0], [1615, 1857, 0.0], [1857, 2140, 0.0], [2140, 2651, 0.0], [2651, 2763, 0.0], [2763, 2795, 0.0], [2795, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 29, 0.0], [29, 74, 0.0], [74, 277, 0.0], [277, 620, 0.0], [620, 1123, 0.0], [1123, 1615, 0.0], [1615, 1857, 0.0], [1857, 2140, 0.0], [2140, 2651, 0.0], [2651, 2763, 0.0], [2763, 2795, 0.0], [2795, 2839, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 29, 0.13793103], [29, 74, 0.13333333], [74, 277, 0.00985222], [277, 620, 0.01457726], [620, 1123, 0.02186879], [1123, 1615, 0.0101626], [1615, 1857, 0.00413223], [1857, 2140, 0.01060071], [2140, 2651, 0.00782779], [2651, 2763, 0.00892857], [2763, 2795, 0.125], [2795, 2839, 0.11363636]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2839, 0.51373273]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2839, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2839, 0.00924385]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2839, -83.95840435]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2839, 15.96347694]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2839, -178.2165995]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2839, 23.0]]} |
A Phase III Randomized Study Assessing the Addition of Abiraterone Acetate with Prednisone and Apalutamide to the Usual Hormone Therapy and Radiation Therapy to Treat Recurrent Lymph Node-Positive Prostate Cancer after Surgery
Randomized Phase III Trial Incorporating Apalutamide and Advanced Imaging Into Salvage Treatment for Patients with Node-Positive Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy (INNOVATE) (CIRB)
The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of adding apalutamide, abiraterone acetate, and prednisone to the usual hormone therapy and radiation therapy for patients who have a recurrence of their prostate cancer after surgery (prostatectomy). Specifically, there must have been cancer originally found in the lymph nodes at the time of surgery for patients to be eligible for this study. The treatment being evaluated is a “salvage therapy” for recurrent prostate cancer. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive hormone therapy and radiation therapy after prostate cancer surgery with or without apalutamide, abiraterone acetate, and prednisone.
Androgens (male sex hormones) can cause the growth of prostate cancer cells. Newer anti-hormone drugs such as apalutamide may help stop or slow the growth of prostate cancer cell growth by blocking androgens. Abiraterone acetate, also a newer anti-androgen drug, blocks some of the enzymes needed for androgen production and may cause the death of prostate cancer cells that need androgens to grow. Prednisone is given with abiraterone to replace the corticosteroids that are no longer made by the adrenal glands in the body in the presence of abiraterone.
To be eligible for this study, patients must meet several criteria, including but not limited to the following:
Patients must have prostate cancer, with cancer cells in the lymph nodes, and must have been surgically removed.
Patients must have detectable PSA, indicating a recurrence of prostate cancer.
There must be no evidence of metastatic prostate cancer.
Prior chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or radiation therapy for prostate cancer are not permitted.
Patients must be physically well enough that they are fully ambulatory, capable of all self-care, and capable of all but physically strenuous activities. As an example, patients must be well enough that they would be able to carry out office work or light housework.
This study is for men age 18 and older.
For more information about this study and to inquire about eligibility, please contact Dr. Craig Grossman at 631-212-6334.
Disease Status
Craig E. Grossman
Co-Investigators
Deaglan McHugh
Michael J. Zelefsky
Prostate Cancer › Localized Disease
Prostate Cancer › Rising PSA After Primary Therapy
Memorial Sloan Kettering Commack Nonna’s Garden Foundation Center
Memorial Sloan Kettering Basking Ridge
Memorial Sloan Kettering Westchester
Memorial Sloan Kettering Monmouth
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Delays in transfer of care (DTOC) in 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16. 190417
1. What is the longest time (in days) one patient has remained in a bed at your NHS Trust due to delays in transfer of care (DTOC) in 2013/14, 2014/15, 2015/16;
2. In each case, please provide the age of the patient and reason for delay.
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Kyle Mills will sign and discuss Lethal Agent (Atria; $28.99).
Kyle Mills is the New York Times bestselling author of twelve books, including the latest in Robert Ludlum’s Covert-One series, The Ares Decision. Growing up in Oregon, Washington, DC, and London as the son of an FBI agent, Kyle absorbed an enormous amount about the Bureau, giving his novels their unique authenticity. He and his wife live in Wyoming where they spend their off hours rock climbing and backcountry skiing.
Vince Flynn fans, make sure to check out Kyle's message to you on his website.
Our in-store talk/readings are free. However, if you want to get anything signed, the author's newest book must be purchased from Murder By The Book. Our signing policies can be found here.
Sunday, September 29, 2019 - 2:00pm
2342 Bissonnet St.
Lethal Agent (A Mitch Rapp Novel #18) (Hardcover)
By Vince Flynn, Kyle Mills
Published: Atria/Emily Bestler Books - September 24th, 2019
An unprecedented and terrifying bioterrorism plot threatens to kill millions in the midst of a divisive presidential election in this new thriller from the #1 New York Times bestselling Mitch Rapp series.
A toxic presidential election is underway in an America already badly weakened by internal divisions.
Red War (A Mitch Rapp Novel #17) (Mass Market)
Published: Pocket Books - August 27th, 2019
This instant #1 New York Times bestseller and “modern techno-thriller” (New York Journal of Books) follows Mitch Rapp in a race to prevent Russia’s gravely ill leader from starting a full-scale war with NATO.
When Russian president Maxim Krupin discovers that he has inoperable brain cancer, he’s determined to cling to power.
Enemy of the State (A Mitch Rapp Novel #16) (Mass Market)
“In the world of black-op thrillers, Mitch Rapp continues to be among the best of the best” (Booklist, starred review), and he returns in Vince Flynn’s #1 New York Times bestselling series alone and targeted by a country that is supposed to be one of America’s closest allies.
Order to Kill: A Novel (A Mitch Rapp Novel #15) (Mass Market)
Published: Pocket Books - July 18th, 2017
In a pulse-pounding race to save America, covert operative Mitch Rapp confronts a mortal threat. But this time he might have met his match.
Mitch Rapp is used to winning.
The Survivor (A Mitch Rapp Novel #14) (Mass Market)
The #1 New York Times bestselling novel that picks up where The Last Man left off, The Survivor is a no-holds-barred race to save America…and Mitch Rapp’s finest battle.
When Joe “Rick” Rickman, a former golden boy of the CIA, steals a massive amount of the Agency’s most classified documents in an elaborately masterminded betrayal of his co | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11259 | {"url": "https://www.murderbooks.com/event/kyle-mills", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.murderbooks.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:30:47Z", "digest": "sha1:6D3W4D7T4F2WYO4MUCX4WAIZZ3IYNXUC"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2676, 2676.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2676, 5176.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2676, 24.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2676, 178.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2676, 0.91]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2676, 274.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2676, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2676, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2676, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2676, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2676, 0.25778547]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2676, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2676, 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Home Schirmer's Library of Musical Classics: Twenty-Four Italian Songs and Arias of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Schirmer's Library of Musical Classics: Twenty-Four Italian Songs and Arias of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
SKU HL50261140
Note: This is a standalone book and doesn't include a CD. (Vocal Collection). For well over a century, the G. Schirmer edition of 24 Italian Songs & Arias of the 17th and 18th Centuries has introduced millions of beginning singers to serious Italian vocal literature. Offered in two accessible keys suitable for all singers, it is likely to be the first publication a voice teacher will ask a first-time student to purchase. The classic Parisotti realizations result in rich, satisfying accompaniments which allow singers pure musical enjoyment. For ease of practice, carefully prepared accompaniments are also available that were recorded by John Keene, a New York-based concert accompanist and vocal coach who has performed throughout the United States for radio and television. Educated at the University of Southern California, Keene has taught accompanying at the university level and collaborated with Gian Carlo Menotti and Thea Musgrave on productions of their operas. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11260 | {"url": "https://www.musicaccessstore.com/products/schirmers-library-of-musical-classics-twenty-four-italian-songs-and-arias-of-the-seventeenth-and-eighteenth-centuries", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.musicaccessstore.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:20:38Z", "digest": "sha1:WFEIUM7C74PB5PCABZXMXLHQRYRW7X3K"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1236, 1236.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1236, 9594.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1236, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1236, 213.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1236, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1236, 209.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1236, 0.34862385]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1236, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1236, 0.19726562]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1236, 0.19726562]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1236, 0.19726562]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1236, 0.19726562]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1236, 0.19726562]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1236, 0.19726562]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1236, 0.03515625]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1236, 0.02929688]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1236, 0.04882812]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1236, 0.01834862]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1236, 0.12385321]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1236, 0.64864865]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1236, 5.53513514]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1236, 4.51403225]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1236, 185.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 125, 0.0], [125, 245, 0.0], [245, 260, 0.0], [260, 1236, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 125, 0.0], [125, 245, 0.0], [245, 260, 0.0], [260, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 125, 17.0], [125, 245, 16.0], [245, 260, 2.0], [260, 1236, 150.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 125, 0.0], [125, 245, 0.0], [245, 260, 0.57142857], [260, 1236, 0.00628931]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 125, 0.0], [125, 245, 0.0], [245, 260, 0.0], [260, 1236, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 125, 0.104], [125, 245, 0.1], [245, 260, 0.33333333], [260, 1236, 0.03483607]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1236, 0.44812977]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1236, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1236, 0.54239529]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1236, -40.25701506]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1236, 6.49143227]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1236, 33.52625908]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1236, 8.0]]} |
Boise State Football
2016 NFL Draft: Boise State LB Kamalei Correa drafted by Baltimore
The former Boise State linebacker was taken by the Ravens, who have a long history of developing elite defensive talents.
By Jeremy Mauss@JeremyMauss Apr 29, 2016, 5:09pm PDT
Share All sharing options for: 2016 NFL Draft: Boise State LB Kamalei Correa drafted by Baltimore
Trevor Ruszkowski-USA TODAY Sports
With the 42nd pick in the 2016 NFL draft, the Baltimore Ravens selected Boise State Broncos linebacker Kamalei Correa. Per Dan Kadar's rankings at Mocking the Draft, Correa was rated as the 67th best player overall and the eighth-best outside linebacker.
Correa left one year of eligibility on the table with Boise State, but he had proved nearly everything he could at the college level. He is a player that can get to the quarterback, with 20 career sacks, nineteen of which coming in his final two years.
He was an all-MWC performer, earning second-team accolades last year in addition to first-team honors in his sophomore year. He was listed as a defensive lineman, though he will be an outside linebacker/defensive end at the NFL level and ideally would fit in a 3-4 defense.
He has exceptional speed for a linebacker of his size, and it showed when he was able to chase down running backs. He is very explosive off the line which is why had had 19 sacks when he became a starter as a sophomore and continued that through his junior year. With this speed he is a great outside linebacker candidate and a player who can disrupt the flow of a play.
He zeroes in on getting past his opponent in front of him instead of making a move to get up the field. It worked well in college but that technique will not go over as well with better athletes. He does not use his hands enough to break off of blockers to get them out of his way. His speed is also a negative as he sometimes goes to fast and can over shoot the ball carries. He also needs to bulk up his upper body. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11261 | {"url": "https://www.mwcconnection.com/2016/4/29/11533284/2016-nfl-draft-boise-states-kamalei-correa-drafted-by-baltimore", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.mwcconnection.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:26:49Z", "digest": "sha1:EVKIE5AGY3V5GFAHXLJOARF6XZLWYDKU"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1966, 1966.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1966, 4870.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1966, 11.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1966, 102.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1966, 0.99]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1966, 293.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1966, 0.4516129]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1966, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1966, 0.06988564]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1966, 0.06988564]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1966, 0.06988564]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1966, 0.06988564]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1966, 0.06988564]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1966, 0.06988564]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1966, 0.03811944]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1966, 0.02287166]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1966, 0.02160102]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1966, 0.0248139]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1966, 0.12158809]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1966, 0.52824859]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1966, 4.44632768]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1966, 4.85029693]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1966, 354.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 88, 0.0], [88, 210, 1.0], [210, 263, 0.0], [263, 361, 0.0], [361, 396, 0.0], [396, 651, 1.0], [651, 904, 1.0], [904, 1178, 1.0], [1178, 1549, 1.0], [1549, 1966, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 88, 0.0], [88, 210, 0.0], [210, 263, 0.0], [263, 361, 0.0], [361, 396, 0.0], [396, 651, 0.0], [651, 904, 0.0], [904, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1549, 0.0], [1549, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 21, 3.0], [21, 88, 11.0], [88, 210, 20.0], [210, 263, 8.0], [263, 361, 16.0], [361, 396, 4.0], [396, 651, 41.0], [651, 904, 47.0], [904, 1178, 46.0], [1178, 1549, 72.0], [1549, 1966, 86.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 88, 0.06153846], [88, 210, 0.0], [210, 263, 0.1875], [263, 361, 0.04210526], [361, 396, 0.0], [396, 651, 0.03225806], [651, 904, 0.00809717], [904, 1178, 0.00757576], [1178, 1549, 0.00546448], [1549, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 88, 0.0], [88, 210, 0.0], [210, 263, 0.0], [263, 361, 0.0], [361, 396, 0.0], [396, 651, 0.0], [651, 904, 0.0], [904, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1549, 0.0], [1549, 1966, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 21, 0.14285714], [21, 88, 0.1641791], [88, 210, 0.03278689], [210, 263, 0.16981132], [263, 361, 0.13265306], [361, 396, 0.31428571], [396, 651, 0.06666667], [651, 904, 0.01581028], [904, 1178, 0.02919708], [1178, 1549, 0.00808625], [1549, 1966, 0.01199041]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1966, 0.77497232]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1966, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1966, 0.5841167]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1966, -15.51368372]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1966, 54.80563066]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1966, 22.97078212]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1966, 15.0]]} |
The Good, the Bad, the Ugly: Colorado State vs. Wyoming
Border War Edition
By Zach_Ballard Jul 3, 2018, 8:00am PDT
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Troy Babbitt-USA TODAY Sports
Welcome to the third edition of “The Good, the Bad, the Ugly.” During the offseason I will be featuring some of the most important games of the 2017 Mountain West Season. This week it will be the Battle for the Bronze Boot featuring Colorado State and Wyoming.
Dalyn Dawkins
Dawkins had a great game. Weather like this makes it nearly impossible to throw the ball, Dawkins and fellow running back Izzy Matthews carried the load on offense for the Rams. Dawkins easily had the best state line of any player in this game, he carried the ball 29 times for 154 yards. Dawkins was a workhorse for the Rams, he put the teams on his shoulders and managed to take excellent care of the ball in blizzard-like conditions.
Ball Security
As I rewatched this game, I was shocked that there was only one turnover. In games like this, ball security and field position are critical because scoring is much more difficult. A Josh Allen fumble was the only turnover of the game. Both teams did an excellent job taking care of the ball and maximizing their possessions.
The Kickers
Wyatt Bryan and Cooper Rothe were a combined five for five on field goal attempts. In games like this, you often times and live and die by your kicker. Bryan and Rothe did a great job kicking in such difficult conditions. Colorado State had an issue with a fumbled snap, but you can’t blame that on the kicker.
Nick Stevens
It’s hard to pick on the quarterbacks in a game like this, but Nick Stevens did not do enough to lead the Rams to a victory. Stevens was 8/14 passing for 110 yards, but really hurt the Rams was Stevens’ lack of impact on the running game. Allen’s ability to extend plays with his legs late in the game helped to secure the victory for the Cowboys. Stevens had 7 rushed for 17 yards, while his counterpart Josh Allen had 12 carries for 60 yards. Allen was the play maker his team needed late in the game, Stevens wasn’t and that proved to be the difference.
The Ugly:
It was terrible, awful, difficult to watch. It was beautiful, fun, and entertaining. All of those emotions describe how I felt during different portions of this game (especially the second half). In these types of games it is hard to know if the better team really won the game. But the Cowboys were able to use the weather and their home field to secure a 16-13 victory.
While it wasn’t a football masterpiece by any stretch of the imagination, the weather made the game an entertaining and unique viewing experience. The game was extremely important at the time because the victory still has a chance to represent the Mountain division in the conference championship game.
Stay tuned, next week I will cover the West division showdown between SDSU and Fresno State. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11262 | {"url": "https://www.mwcconnection.com/2018/7/3/17499938/the-good-the-bad-the-ugly", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.mwcconnection.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:42:49Z", "digest": "sha1:EFEUMXISGWB6NLV36QYJJYDTEPANBPBK"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2953, 2953.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2953, 6339.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2953, 18.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2953, 113.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2953, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2953, 243.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2953, 0.39408867]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2953, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2953, 0.03559322]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2953, 0.03559322]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2953, 0.03559322]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2953, 0.03559322]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2953, 0.03559322]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2953, 0.03559322]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2953, 0.01271186]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2953, 0.01271186]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2953, 0.01652542]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2953, 0.01642036]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2953, 0.14285714]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2953, 0.4743833]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2953, 4.47817837]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2953, 4.97177588]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2953, 527.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 56, 0.0], [56, 75, 0.0], [75, 115, 0.0], [115, 202, 0.0], [202, 232, 0.0], [232, 493, 1.0], [493, 507, 0.0], [507, 944, 1.0], [944, 958, 0.0], [958, 1283, 1.0], [1283, 1295, 0.0], [1295, 1606, 1.0], [1606, 1619, 0.0], [1619, 2176, 1.0], [2176, 2186, 0.0], [2186, 2558, 1.0], [2558, 2861, 1.0], [2861, 2953, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 56, 0.0], [56, 75, 0.0], [75, 115, 0.0], [115, 202, 0.0], [202, 232, 0.0], [232, 493, 0.0], [493, 507, 0.0], [507, 944, 0.0], [944, 958, 0.0], [958, 1283, 0.0], [1283, 1295, 0.0], [1295, 1606, 0.0], [1606, 1619, 0.0], [1619, 2176, 0.0], [2176, 2186, 0.0], [2186, 2558, 0.0], [2558, 2861, 0.0], [2861, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 56, 10.0], [56, 75, 3.0], [75, 115, 7.0], [115, 202, 15.0], [202, 232, 4.0], [232, 493, 47.0], [493, 507, 2.0], [507, 944, 79.0], [944, 958, 2.0], [958, 1283, 57.0], [1283, 1295, 2.0], [1295, 1606, 58.0], [1606, 1619, 2.0], [1619, 2176, 106.0], [2176, 2186, 2.0], [2186, 2558, 67.0], [2558, 2861, 48.0], [2861, 2953, 16.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 56, 0.0], [56, 75, 0.0], [75, 115, 0.22857143], [115, 202, 0.0], [202, 232, 0.0], [232, 493, 0.01568627], [493, 507, 0.0], [507, 944, 0.01168224], [944, 958, 0.0], [958, 1283, 0.0], [1283, 1295, 0.0], [1295, 1606, 0.0], [1606, 1619, 0.0], [1619, 2176, 0.02380952], [2176, 2186, 0.0], [2186, 2558, 0.01114206], [2558, 2861, 0.0], [2861, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 56, 0.0], [56, 75, 0.0], [75, 115, 0.0], [115, 202, 0.0], [202, 232, 0.0], [232, 493, 0.0], [493, 507, 0.0], [507, 944, 0.0], [944, 958, 0.0], [958, 1283, 0.0], [1283, 1295, 0.0], [1295, 1606, 0.0], [1606, 1619, 0.0], [1619, 2176, 0.0], [2176, 2186, 0.0], [2186, 2558, 0.0], [2558, 2861, 0.0], [2861, 2953, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 56, 0.125], [56, 75, 0.15789474], [75, 115, 0.175], [115, 202, 0.10344828], [202, 232, 0.36666667], [232, 493, 0.0651341], [493, 507, 0.14285714], [507, 944, 0.02059497], [944, 958, 0.14285714], [958, 1283, 0.02461538], [1283, 1295, 0.16666667], [1295, 1606, 0.02893891], [1606, 1619, 0.15384615], [1619, 2176, 0.02513465], [2176, 2186, 0.2], [2186, 2558, 0.0188172], [2558, 2861, 0.00990099], [2861, 2953, 0.09782609]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2953, 0.58899343]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2953, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2953, 0.42685312]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2953, -103.86004611]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2953, 50.85776606]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2953, -60.74725075]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2953, 30.0]]} |
Top Fintech Trends Today
Every generation evolves through changes. Some of them are social, economic, domestic, and throughout history, these changes have happened through either inventions, events or simply due to nature. Two world wars caused much turmoil yet there was much advancement that happened solely due to World wars like Formation of European Union etc. Similarly, historical pandemic diseases gave shifted focus of mankind toward healthcare industry elevation. Therefore, there is always a better side of change.
However, in our current times, matters are a bit different than history. The speed of change in our times is quite unseen and inexperienced. The pace and adoption of new things and ways are quite high. Millennials have seen the emergence and obsoleting of mobile phones in the span of 10 to 15 years. Our pre-conceived notions get challenged regularly, and our definition of work is evolving at a rapid pace. Similarly, the way we live our lives and do our work is constantly changing. And the majority of the credit goes to technology.
The technology sector has evolved the most in recent times. It didn’t grow only in its depth as a sector but also pushed and boasted the other sectors too. Technology now is not only a sector but a vehicle of progress for almost every area of our lives. Modern healthcare is now able to diagnose and cure complex diseases through advance technological equipment and research through sophisticated data sciences. Accounting and Financial systems became more extensive and intelligent through cloud computing and artificial intelligence.
The above-stated examples are only two peas in a big pod. However, one of the most revolutionary shifts that the world has seen is in the financial and banking sector. This amalgamation of finance and technology is known as FinTech. According to many big shots in the financial sector, the financial deals through such technological phenomena are increasing day by day and attract billions of dollars altogether. Many conventional ways of banking and financing are changing. The banking sector and financing companies can provide such products and services, which were mere fiction through conventional practices.
Let’s take a look at some of the trends emerging due to the FinTech around the world:
1. Only Digital Banking
We have already seen the majority of our required services like funds transfer, credit requests, online payments, etc., can be done with few simple clicks and there is no need to visit any bank branch for them. Modern technology has enabled such a possibility for a bank to exist but without any brick and mortar facility. The financial world is already adapting to such mode of operations as there are lesser costs, lesser paperwork to deal with, customer preference and convenience. Digital Banking is adding more pie in the overall pie-size and also eating some from the traditional banks too as we will be seeing a significant drop of 36% in several customer visits to bank branches in just 5-6 years.
However, there are some bumps on the road ahead in the form of Ponzi schemes and frauds over the internet in the name of digital banking; similarly, some customers are reluctant to adopt and trust such mode of banking as it lacks human interaction and connection which some humans crave for. But with the future road ahead, these are expected to be overcome through collaboration among traditional and digital banking together.
2. The Emergence Of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence, as a phenomenon itself, has outpaced the development of human intelligence. Financial Sector has jumped into this ship earlier as there is and was massive potential and synergies possible. AI adaption has enabled the banking sector to deal with cybercrimes and fraudulent threats more effectively. The introduction of chatbots and smarter systems to provide improved customer services is just the pinnacle of AI integration and possibilities.
3. Innovation In Payment Modes And Methods
One of the basic wonders fintech is providing to its beneficiaries is the introduction and emergence of various innovative payment methods. With the rise in the trends of online shopping and freelancing economy, people are already concerned about their money over the internet. Fintech Revolution is solving this problem with safe, secure, fast and reliable payment modes to the consumers. Along with AI and machine learning, it is improving the security aspect already. There are many new payment methods available to laymen consumers like mobile payments, mobile wallets, contactless payments, etc. Mobile wallets are already replacing physical cash payments and wallets in normal day trading or domestic chores.
4. Regulation Of Fintech Industry
The banking and financial sector are one of the most scrutinized and regulated industries in the world, as it involves the hard-earned of people. The emergence of fintech and related technologies has disrupted conventional ways, and there is no template available already to regulate and formalize fintech-related practices. This is one of the prime reasons that many countries and governments are denying to accept the utility of blockchain and cryptocurrencies.
For the greater good and across the nation's adaption, the regulatory bodies are working to regulate and formalize such innovative practices, and every country is taking out leaf as per their existing systems, convenience and financial schemes already in place.
5. Hyper-Personalization For Customers
In this attention-deficit economy, providing relevant and productive services to the customer is the name of the game. With extensive data mining and comprehensive analysis of it, it is possible to provide more than just run of the mill products and services to the current and potential customers. The insights generated through big data and AI, customers’ behavior, purchasing patterns, social understanding, browsing history, etc., can be tapped to design customer acquisition and retention strategies in fintech. AI can also facilitate multi-channel marketing strategies to deliver a personalized experience to customers. And on the security side of personalization, there is of course id verification to provide extra levels of financial protection.
Stay Educated On Top Fintech Trends Today
As we have seen, this is just the start of innovative drives, and as more and more countries jump into this bandwagon of transformation, we will see the wide implementation of such possibilities. And with the passage of time and increasing human talent in a specialized field, we can expect to overcome challenges that pertain to the fintech industry already, which would boost the development and innovation in this already fast-moving phenomenon. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11263 | {"url": "https://www.myfrugalbusiness.com/2020/03/top-fintech-trends.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.myfrugalbusiness.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:53:29Z", "digest": "sha1:IHWTKWPZEFXQJTJN3OFWO4LJ7ETBJDKE"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 6771, 6771.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 6771, 16878.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 6771, 20.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 6771, 226.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 6771, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 6771, 333.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 6771, 0.41819699]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 6771, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 6771, 0.0071582]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 6771, 0.00572656]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 6771, 0.00751611]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 6771, 0.00417362]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 6771, 0.11101836]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 6771, 0.43032015]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 6771, 5.26177024]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 6771, 5.39116738]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 6771, 1062.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 25, 0.0], [25, 526, 1.0], [526, 1063, 1.0], [1063, 1599, 1.0], [1599, 2213, 1.0], [2213, 2299, 0.0], [2299, 2323, 0.0], [2323, 3029, 1.0], [3029, 3457, 1.0], [3457, 3501, 0.0], [3501, 3969, 1.0], [3969, 4012, 0.0], [4012, 4727, 1.0], [4727, 4761, 0.0], [4761, 5225, 1.0], [5225, 5487, 1.0], [5487, 5526, 0.0], [5526, 6281, 1.0], [6281, 6323, 0.0], [6323, 6771, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 25, 0.0], [25, 526, 0.0], [526, 1063, 0.0], [1063, 1599, 0.0], [1599, 2213, 0.0], [2213, 2299, 0.0], [2299, 2323, 0.0], [2323, 3029, 0.0], [3029, 3457, 0.0], [3457, 3501, 0.0], [3501, 3969, 0.0], [3969, 4012, 0.0], [4012, 4727, 0.0], [4727, 4761, 0.0], [4761, 5225, 0.0], [5225, 5487, 0.0], [5487, 5526, 0.0], [5526, 6281, 0.0], [6281, 6323, 0.0], [6323, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 25, 4.0], [25, 526, 74.0], [526, 1063, 94.0], [1063, 1599, 84.0], [1599, 2213, 95.0], [2213, 2299, 17.0], [2299, 2323, 4.0], [2323, 3029, 121.0], [3029, 3457, 71.0], [3457, 3501, 6.0], [3501, 3969, 68.0], [3969, 4012, 7.0], [4012, 4727, 108.0], [4727, 4761, 5.0], [4761, 5225, 70.0], [5225, 5487, 40.0], [5487, 5526, 4.0], [5526, 6281, 111.0], [6281, 6323, 7.0], [6323, 6771, 72.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 25, 0.0], [25, 526, 0.0], [526, 1063, 0.00763359], [1063, 1599, 0.0], [1599, 2213, 0.0], [2213, 2299, 0.0], [2299, 2323, 0.04545455], [2323, 3029, 0.00578871], [3029, 3457, 0.0], [3457, 3501, 0.02380952], [3501, 3969, 0.0], [3969, 4012, 0.02439024], [4012, 4727, 0.0], [4727, 4761, 0.03125], [4761, 5225, 0.0], [5225, 5487, 0.0], [5487, 5526, 0.02777778], [5526, 6281, 0.0], [6281, 6323, 0.0], [6323, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 25, 0.0], [25, 526, 0.0], [526, 1063, 0.0], [1063, 1599, 0.0], [1599, 2213, 0.0], [2213, 2299, 0.0], [2299, 2323, 0.0], [2323, 3029, 0.0], [3029, 3457, 0.0], [3457, 3501, 0.0], [3501, 3969, 0.0], [3969, 4012, 0.0], [4012, 4727, 0.0], [4727, 4761, 0.0], [4761, 5225, 0.0], [5225, 5487, 0.0], [5487, 5526, 0.0], [5526, 6281, 0.0], [6281, 6323, 0.0], [6323, 6771, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 25, 0.16], [25, 526, 0.01796407], [526, 1063, 0.01303538], [1063, 1599, 0.01119403], [1599, 2213, 0.01302932], [2213, 2299, 0.03488372], [2299, 2323, 0.125], [2323, 3029, 0.00708215], [3029, 3457, 0.00700935], [3457, 3501, 0.11363636], [3501, 3969, 0.01923077], [3969, 4012, 0.13953488], [4012, 4727, 0.01258741], [4727, 4761, 0.11764706], [4761, 5225, 0.00646552], [5225, 5487, 0.00381679], [5487, 5526, 0.1025641], [5526, 6281, 0.01059603], [6281, 6323, 0.16666667], [6323, 6771, 0.00446429]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 6771, 0.37481421]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 6771, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 6771, 0.08203715]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 6771, -184.79625918]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 6771, 66.36538788]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 6771, -79.64503594]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 6771, 57.0]]} |
Donnie McClurkin Show
Mobile 90’s Block Party Contest Rules
Magic 106.1’s “Mobile 90’s Block Party” Contest
A complete copy of these rules can be obtained at the offices of radio station WRRX (“Station”), owned and operated by Cumulus Media Holdings Inc. or one of its subsidiary companies, 6565 North W St. Ste.270, Pensacola, FL during normal business hours Monday through Friday or by sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to the above address.
The Station will conduct the Magic106.1 “Mobile 90’s Block Party” Contest (the “Contest”) substantially as described in these rules, and by participating, each participant agrees as follows:
No purchase is necessary to enter or win. A purchase will not increase your chance of winning. Void where prohibited. All federal, state, and local regulations apply.
Eligibility. This Contest is open only to legal U.S. residents, age eighteen (18) years or older at the time of entry with a valid Social Security number and who reside in the Station’s Designated Market Area (“DMA”) as defined by Nielsen Audio, who have not won a prize from the Station in the last 30 days or a prize valued at $500 or more in the last 180 days, and whose immediate family members or household members have not won a prize from the Station in the last 30 days or a prize valued at $500 or more in the last 180 days. Void where prohibited by law. Employees of Cumulus Media Holdings Inc., its parent company, affiliates, related entities and subsidiaries, promotional sponsors, prize providers, advertising agencies, other radio stations serving the Station’s DMA, and the immediate family members and household members of all such employees are not eligible to participate. The term “immediate family members” includes spouses, parents and step-parents, siblings and step-siblings, and children and stepchildren. The term “household members” refers to people who share the same residence at least three (3) months out of the year. The Contest is subject to all applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations. Participation constitutes entrant’s full and unconditional agreement to these Official Rules and Station’s decisions, which are final and binding in all matters related to the Contest. Winning a prize is contingent upon fulfilling all requirements set forth herein.
Contest Period. The Contest will begin at 12:01am CT on February 5, 2018 and will run through 11:59pm CT on February 23, 2018 (the “Contest Period”). The Station’s computer is the official time keeping device for this Contest.
How to Enter. To enter:
(i) On-Air: Listen to the Station weekdays from 9am-12noon CT from February 5th, 2018 through February 16th, 2018 during the Contest Period. When the Station plays the “cue-to-call” sounder, listeners should call the Station at 850-471-0106. Caller number 6 to the Station, as determined by the Station in its sole discretion, will be entered to win a pair of general admission tickets. Listen to the station weekdays from 9am-12noon from February 19th, 2018 to February 23rd, 2018 for the cue-to-call and be caller number 6 to qualify to win a pair of front row tickets and a limo ride to and from the concert. Time Delay Between Over-the-Air Analog Signal and Internet Broadcast: Due to the time delay that exists between the Station’s analog over-the-air signal and the Station’s online webcast, listeners who listen to the Station online may hear the cue to call later than listeners listening to the Station’s analog over-the-air signal. As a result, the odds of an online listener entering this Contest on-air may be diminished.
Winner Selection. Each weekday during the weeks of February 5, 2018 to February 16, 2018Caller number 6 each day will be entered to win the general admission tickets. Each weekday during the week of February 19, 2018 through February 23, 2018, caller number 6 will be qualified to win . On February 23, at 12:30pm, one winner will be randomly selected from the qualifiers who won during the week of February 16 through February 23 and that person will be entered to win the front row seats and limo ride to and from the concert. The winner may be awarded the prize (subject to verification of eligibility and compliance with the terms of these rules). Station’s decisions as to the administration and operation of the Contest and the selection of the potential winner are final and binding in all matters related to the Contest. Failure to respond to the initial verification contact within three (3) days of notification will result in disqualification.
Verification of Potential Winner. THE ELIGIBILITY OF ALL POTENTIAL CONTEST WINNERS IS SUBJECT TO VERIFICATION BY STATION WHOSE DECISIONS ARE FINAL AND BINDING IN ALL MATTERS RELATED TO THE CONTEST. The potential winner must continue to comply with all terms and conditions of these Official Rules, and winning is contingent upon fulfilling all requirements. The potential winner may be notified by email and/or telephone call after the date of random drawing and/or winner determination. The potential winner will be required to sign and return to Station, within three (3) days of the date notice is sent, an affidavit of eligibility and a liability/publicity release (except where prohibited) in order to claim his/her prize, if applicable. A winner who returns the affidavit of eligibility and liability/publicity release will be deemed to have accepted the contest prize and thereafter will not be permitted to rescind their acceptance of the prize and/or return the prize. If a potential winner cannot be contacted, fails to sign and return the affidavit of eligibility and/or the liability/publicity release within the required time period (if applicable), or if the prize or prize notification is returned as undeliverable, potential winner forfeits prize. In the event that the potential winner of a prize is disqualified for any reason, Station may award the applicable prize to an alternate winner by random drawing from among all remaining eligible entries.
Sixteen (16) Prizes will be awarded in this Contest. The Prizes during the dates of February 5 through February 16, 2018 are fifteen (15) individual pairs of general admission tickets ARV [Forty Dollars] ($40). The prize the week of February 19, 2018 through February 23, 2018 is one (1) pair of front row tickets to the Mobile 90’s Block Party Saturday, March 3rd, 2018 at the Mobile Civic Center, 401 Civic Center Dr. Mobile, AL 35502 and a limo ride from Karolas Limousine Service [705 Lagoon Dr. Pensacola, FL 32505] to the concert from 6565 North W St. Ste. 270 Pensacola, FL 32505 and back. ARV [Six hundred dollars] ($600). Winner is responsible for all taxes associated with prize receipt and/or use. Odds of winning the Prize depends on a number of factors including the number of calls received during the Contest Period and listeners participating at any given time.
There is no substitution, transfer, or cash equivalent for prizes, except that the Station may, at its sole discretion and to the extent permitted by law, substitute prizes of comparable value or cash. The prizes are expressly limited to the item(s) listed above and do not include taxes, gratuities or any other expenses. Any tickets and/or gift certificates/cards awarded as part of a prize will be subject to the terms and conditions set forth by the issuer and are valid only on the date(s) printed on the tickets or gift certificates/cards. Other restrictions may apply.
Entry Conditions and Release. By entering, each participant agrees to: (a) comply with and be bound by these Official Rules and the decisions of the Station, which are binding and final in all matters relating to this Contest; (b) release and hold harmless Station, Cumulus Media Inc., and its subsidiaries, related and affiliated companies, participating sponsors, the prize suppliers and any other organizations responsible for sponsoring, fulfilling, administering, advertising or promoting the Contest, and each of their respective past and present officers, directors, employees, agents and representatives (collectively, the “Released Parties”) from and against any and all claims, expenses, and liability, including but not limited to negligence and damages of any kind to persons and property, including but not limited to invasion of privacy (under appropriation, intrusion, public disclosure of private facts, false light in the public eye or other legal theory), defamation, slander, libel, violation of right of publicity, infringement of trademark, copyright or other intellectual property rights, property damage, or death or personal injury arising out of or relating to a participant’s entry, creation of an entry or submission of an entry, participation in the Contest, acceptance or use or misuse of prize (including any travel or activity related thereto) and/or the broadcast, exploitation or use of entry; and (c) indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Released Parties from and against any and all claims, expenses, and liabilities (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or relating to an entrant’s participation in the Contest and/or entrant’s acceptance, use, non-use or misuse of the prize.
Except where prohibited, participation in the Contest constitutes winner’s consent to use by the Station and its agent of winner’s name, likeness, photograph, voice, opinions and/or biographical information (including hometown and state) for promotional purposes in any media, worldwide, without further payment or consideration, unless otherwise prohibited by law.
All State, Local, Federal and/or other taxes, duties, tariffs, title fees, licensing fees, or other fees for prizes awarded become the sole responsibility of the winner. All those who win a prize or prizes valued $600 or more in any given year will be issued an IRS Form 1099 to report their winnings.
General Conditions. Station reserves the right to cancel, suspend and/or modify the Contest, or any part of it, if any fraud, technical failures or any other factor beyond Station’s reasonable control impairs the integrity or proper functioning of the Contest, as determined by Station in its sole discretion. Station reserves the right in its sole discretion to disqualify any individual it finds to be tampering with the entry process or the operation of the Contest or to be acting in violation of these Official Rules or acting in an unsportsmanlike or disruptive manner. Any attempt by any person to deliberately undermine the legitimate operation of the Contest may be a violation of criminal and civil law, and, should such an attempt be made, Station reserves the right to seek damages from any such person to the fullest extent permitted by law. Station’s failure to enforce any term of these Official Rules shall not constitute a waiver of that provision.
Limitations of Liability. The Released Parties are not responsible for: (1) any incorrect or inaccurate information, whether caused by Station, entrants, printing errors or by any of the equipment or programming associated with or utilized in the Contest; (2) technical failures of any kind, including but not limited to malfunctions, interruptions, or disconnections in phone lines or network hardware or software; (3) unauthorized human intervention in any part of the entry process or the Contest; (4) technical or human error which may occur in the administration of the Contest or the processing of entries; or (5) any injury or damage to persons or property which may be caused, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, from entrant’s participation in the Contest or receipt or use, non-use or misuse of any prize. No more than the stated number of prizes will be awarded. In event that a production, technical, programming or other error causes more than stated number of prizes as set forth in these Official Rules to be claimed, Station reserves the right to award only the stated number of prizes by a random drawing among all legitimate, unawarded, eligible prize claims.
Entrant agrees that: (i) any and all disputes, claims and causes of action arising out of or connected with this Contest, or any prizes awarded, shall be resolved individually, without resort to any form of class action; (ii) any and all disputes, claims and causes of action arising out of or connected with this Contest, or any prizes awarded, shall be resolved exclusively by the United States District Court or the appropriate state court located in the Station’s listening area; (iii) any and all claims, judgments and awards shall be limited to actual out-of-pocket costs incurred, including costs associated with entering this Contest, but in no event attorneys’ fees; and (iv) under no circumstances will entrant be permitted to obtain awards for, and entrant hereby waives all rights to claim punitive, incidental and consequential damages and any other damages, other than for actual out-of-pocket expenses, and any and all rights to have damages multiplied or otherwise increased. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE LIMITATIONS OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. All issues and questions concerning the construction, validity, interpretation and enforceability of these Official Rules, or the rights and obligations of entrant and Station in connection with the Contest, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the state in which the Station is located, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law rules (whether of the state in which the Station is located or any other jurisdiction), which would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the state in which the Station is located.
Entrant’s Personal Information. Information collected from entrants is subject to Station’s Privacy Policy, which is available on the Station’s website under the “Privacy Policy” link. All entry blanks, forms, devices, and materials gathered during the course of entry, as well as all information contained therein, shall become the sole property of Station to be used, disposed of or destroyed in its sole discretion. Station is not responsible for any incorrect or inaccurate information entered by website users, and assumes no responsibility for any error, omission, interruption, deletion, defect, delay in operation or transmission, communications line failure, theft or destruction or unauthorized access to Station’s website.
Contest Results. A winners list may be obtained within thirty (30) days after the Contest Period expires by sending a self-addressed stamped envelope to the Station identified below.
CONTEST SPONSOR: Cumulus Media Holdings Inc., WRRS 6565 North W St. Ste. 270 Pensacola, FL 32505
Prize Sponsors: Mobile Civic Center, 401 Civic Center Dr. Mobile, AL 35502,
Karolas Limousine Service, 705 Lagoon Dr. Pensacola, FL 32505 | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11264 | {"url": "https://www.mymagic106.com/2018/01/31/mobile-90s-block-party-contest-rules/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.mymagic106.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:54:41Z", "digest": "sha1:GIM5BZLOHJPZDRORKTTKBO64TSXUUWY5"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 14913, 14913.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 14913, 16560.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 14913, 25.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 14913, 80.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 14913, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 14913, 213.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 14913, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 14913, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 14913, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 14913, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 14913, 0.37396978]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 14913, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 14913, 0.05953266]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 14913, 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When is Soft Tissue Grafting Needed?
Many people don't even notice that their gums have receded because it's a gradual process. However, over time, an exposed tooth root may grow unsightly and cause tooth sensitivity, especially when eating cold or hot foods. Eventually, gum recession, if not treated, can cause tooth loss. To repair the damage and prevent further dental problems, a soft tissue graft may be needed.
The Soft Tissue Grafting Procedure
The grafting procedure itself will generally be performed under local anesthetic, but this will depend on the size of the areas receiving grafts. A small incision will be made at the site in order to create a small pocket. An incision is made in this pocket, and the donor tissue is placed between the two sections of this area. Tissue-stimulating proteins that promote natural tissue growth and healing may be applied to the site before suturing. Finally, the wound site will be sutured to prevent shifting, and protective surgical material will be placed to protect the sensitive area. Gum uniformity and substantial healing will take place in the first six weeks after the procedure.
To learn more about our Lexington soft tissue grafting services, contact Smart Dental of Lexington at (859) 309-1356 to schedule an appointment! | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11265 | {"url": "https://www.mysmartdentalchoice.com/oral-surgery/soft-tissue-grafting/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.mysmartdentalchoice.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:59:30Z", "digest": "sha1:MOOHER7AIP3YJW5R3SD5JGMUQZPBVVWU"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1284, 1284.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1284, 2525.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1284, 5.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1284, 56.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1284, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1284, 278.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1284, 0.3744856]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1284, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1284, 0.03824092]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1284, 0.05162524]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1284, 0.00411523]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1284, 0.13580247]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1284, 0.61244019]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1284, 5.00478469]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1284, 4.584216]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1284, 209.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 37, 1.0], [37, 418, 1.0], [418, 453, 0.0], [453, 1140, 1.0], [1140, 1284, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 418, 0.0], [418, 453, 0.0], [453, 1140, 0.0], [1140, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 37, 6.0], [37, 418, 62.0], [418, 453, 5.0], [453, 1140, 114.0], [1140, 1284, 22.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 418, 0.0], [418, 453, 0.0], [453, 1140, 0.0], [1140, 1284, 0.07194245]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 418, 0.0], [418, 453, 0.0], [453, 1140, 0.0], [1140, 1284, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 37, 0.13513514], [37, 418, 0.01049869], [418, 453, 0.14285714], [453, 1140, 0.00873362], [1140, 1284, 0.03472222]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1284, 0.10386777]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1284, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1284, 0.00943816]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1284, -23.59046261]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1284, 8.76540887]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1284, -23.87514837]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1284, 12.0]]} |
Papi Clutch
Read reviews (14)
Hip Hop Latin
Download Share Add Queue
United States, New York, Brooklyn
Yo what’s good? What part of New York you from? I think the song could be a lot better but stil has a nice ring to it. I see your talent and feel you will go as far in life as you decide to take yourself. Keep grinding and pushing your music you have a great sound my guy 100.
SwiffDaddieDolla
United States, Texas, Dallas
Wooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo9ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo wooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo9ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo wooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo9ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo wooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo9ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
United States, Washington D.C., Harare
Keep up the good work. You’ve got a talent for music so never give up on your skills. The more you work the better you will be at it. I look forward to hearing more songs from you homie so keep the awesome tracks coming & keep striving for major success & achievements.
ABoose
United States, Michigan, Saginaw
When you going through it, listen to nightmares.
Nightmares. I know I got em, great titled. Writing music is universal. Writing lyrics is educational. Negative approach or positive for those who been that path, I like the fantastic trip expressed. I got a dark side so it not frightening when I understand the method used through hip-hop. I've been living in the Las Vegas NV areas getting footage and doing homework on how to grow my talents from the desert just like the mob did. If ever interested in coming to Las Vegas NV and performing this track, I have a street performers permit to display your talent outside on the Fremont Street Experience Downtown Las Vegas NV where thousands of people pass through on a regular.
Splitendz The Profit
United States, Nevada, Las Vegas
hype....xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
O.G. PHILLY
United States, California, San Bernardino
Lyrical floetry. Dope lyricism. This compositional strategy slaps! Levels of the vocals are on point. Transitions are tight and seem-less. I'm most impressed with the content. DopE vibes, understood, clean af. #HipHop
United States, South Dakota, Rapid City
good workkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
ddmw.ent justheflame
United States, South Carolina, bennettsville
Your music has a good vibe keep up the good work continue to put your music out there you will make it into music definitely looking to hear more music from you sky's the limit you are very talented
Real Lil samm
HOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOTHOT
#BUTLERBOYZZ
United States, California, Los Angeles
presure
heat homie nice n smooth you got a video to this one if not u should shoot one homie mos def feeling this 1 fwm beats collabs etc let's work with You on Spotify etc if so send me the link I follow you etc salute keep mashing respect Lets work homie respect!!! Follow me Slimmioski
Slimmioski
&B _HIP HOP RAP wow nice some rap/R&B/hip hop AWESOME .this song has a really good melody lines I can hear this song over and over.............................they the song was put together is very unique..........................just love the way its sung the vocals are spot on the drums were played perfectly........................... i can't say enough about this song .........................I want to thank you for letting me review your amazing song thank you.......................... This is steve from voodoo dancer and thank you....again........................... . ..............
Voodoo dancer
United States, New York, Middle village
Lit track
Youre beat is fire, vocals are on point. lika bowflex haha loved that rhyme! Love the flow you laid down on this beat they pair perfectly. Hella good work, I genuinely vibe with this track man. Well done.
United States, Oklahoma, Oklahoma City
To clutch
Yo I like it my G no disrespect but I feel like you should not drop the N bomb on the hook right before like a Rolex just my opinion other than that I like the rawness and production aswell as the adlibs sounds good G stay blessed ????
White-Boy
Canada, Nova Scotia, Halifax
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
The Hubble Phat Ace | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11266 | {"url": "https://www.n1m.com/clutch1/song/1089265-Nightmares", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.n1m.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:29:54Z", "digest": "sha1:PDZPOG5RHOS62HVUBBVTLMK2I5XZYL3Z"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 5790, 5790.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 5790, 6855.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 5790, 45.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 5790, 114.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 5790, 0.87]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 5790, 263.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 5790, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 5790, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 5790, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 5790, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 5790, 0.3615894]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 5790, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 5790, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 5790, 0.00697722]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 5790, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": 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1931 Anita 2019
Anita Ellen Cook
January 10, 1931 — May 14, 2019
Anita Ellen Clement Cook of Goshen, Idaho, peacefully passed away on Tuesday, May 14, 2019, in Idaho Falls, Idaho, with her children by her side. She was 88 years old.
Anita was born on January 10, 1931, in Idaho Falls, Idaho, to Albert Leland Clement and Ellen Christine Frederiksen Clement. She was raised in Idaho Falls, Idaho and graduated from Idaho Falls High School.
After graduation from high school she attended Ricks College where she met the love of her life, Leland Jay (“L.Jay”) Cook. They were married on July 12, 1950 in the Idaho Falls Idaho Temple. She was a stay at home farmer’s wife and mother to six daughters.
Anita was an active member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints and served faithfully in all of her church callings. She served many years as a Pink Lady volunteer at the Idaho Falls Hospital and made lifetime friends participating in Sons of Norway. She was an avid reader and genealogist.
She is survived by her children, Kristine Purcell (Terry, deceased); Janna Wheeler (Michael); Jolene Reeder (Karl); Judy Nulph (Mark); Carolyn Howard (Brent); and Jerri Ane Cook; 17 grandchildren and 45 great-grandchildren; her sisters Lois Freemen; Barbara Mathewson; Debra Birt; and Karen Howell; her brothers-in-law and sisters- in-law, Afton Cook ; Elaine Hanny Larsen; Phyllis Clement; Illa Mae and Newell K. Richardson; and Evelyn and Alva Harris. She was preceded in death by her husband, parents, sisters, Shirley Jean Clement and Betty Bowles, brothers David Clement and Gary Williams, son-in-law, Terry Purcell, randson Jayson Purcell and great-granddaughter, Johanna Jamesen.
Funeral services will be at 11:00 a.m. Friday, May 24, 2019 at the Presto Ward Chapel (792 North 1090 East) in Goshen. The family will meet with friends Thursday evening from 6:00 p.m. till 7:30 p.m. at Nalder Funeral Home (110 West Oak) in Shelley and Friday morning from 9:30 a.m. till 10:40 a.m. at the church. Burial will be in the Goshen Cemetery.
To order memorial trees or send flowers to the family in memory of Anita Ellen Cook, please visit our flower store.
6:00 - 7:30pm (Mountain time)
Nalder Funeral Home
110 West Oak, Shelley, ID 83274
9:30 - 10:40am (Mountain time)
Presto Ward Chapel
792 N 1090 E, Shelley, ID 83274
11:00am - 12:00pm (Mountain time)
Goshen Cemetery
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N.Y.’s Chinatown hard-hit by fear
These days the fear of SARS is hurting nearly all businesses in New York’s Chinatown, from stores and restaurants to city tour operators. NBC’s Brian Williams reports.
April 25, 2003, 5:39 PM UTC / Source: NBC News
By By Brian Williams
New York’s Chinatown has one of the highest density Chinese populations anywhere in the world outside of China. These days the fear of SARS is hurting nearly all businesses in the district, from stores and restaurants to city tour operators.
“We've seen a 10 to 15 percent drop-off on groups, particularly school groups who are not willing to come to the neighborhood,” says Seth Kamil of Big Onion Walking Tours.
SARS hasn’t arrived in Chinatown — at least not yet — but that hasn’t stopped the rumors from flying, including one that the owner of a local Chinese restaurant died of SARS. He did not get the illness — in fact, he’s alive and well.
As concern continues to grow, New York hospitals are taking every precaution against the illness. St. Vincent’s Hospital in New York is a level-one trauma unit, which means it would be on the front line in the event of a SARS outbreak.
Dr. Richard Westfahl of St. Vincent’s says the increase in tension reminds him of another scare not too long ago. “You know ..(it’s) like in the fall of 2001 with the anthrax cases — similar scare, similar concern.”
While there are suspected SARS cases in the United States, there has not been a confirmed case in New York City, but health officials are busy preparing just in case.
Anyone who walks into the hospital off the streets with symptoms even closely resembling those of SARS is immediately put in a “negative-pressure isolation room,” which effectively quarantines the patient. When walking into the room, a visitor notices a slight breeze in the doorway and a barely perceptible vacuum sucking air in.
New York hospitals are under orders to immediately alert the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention if a patient’s chest X-rays or laboratory tests point to a possible SARS infection.
But while lunch-hour crowds continued to pack the streets of Chinatown on Friday, merchants still found themselves fighting rumors that the illness has found its way to the district.
“Actually there’s no SARS in Chinatown. ... Everyone is healthy!” says a store keeper.
Even one confirmed case in New York City could mean huge economic losses for Chinatown’s business owners, but so far they insist the only thing to fear is fear itself.
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Creditor Estopped from Objecting to Amended Plan
A mortgage creditor who accepted the debtor’s plan could not late object to confirmation of an amended plan that contained the same terms with respect to that creditor. In re Ritter, No. 22-40120 (Bankr. S.D. Ill. Feb. 2, 2023).
The debtor filed a chapter 13 petition listing his mortgagee’s claim at $116,819.95. The debtor proposed a plan to pay the claim at 0% interest and $0 monthly payments. Within minutes of filing that plan, he filed a second “original” plan proposing to make monthly payments to the mortgagee in the amount of $1,200.00 for 60 months, to pay $43,000.00 in arrearages, and to make a Limbo payment of $2,400.00. The creditor, Shellpoint Mortgage, filed an objection to the first original plan but withdrew it three days later stating that the second original plan provided sufficient treatment of its claim. Shellpoint then filed a proof of claim listing the outstanding principle as $119,308.66 and the arrearage as $35,247.86. It later added to its claim $2,125.00, in fees, expenses, and charges. Neither the debtor nor the trustee objected to Shellpoint’s claim.
The trustee objected to various aspects of the second original plan and, in response, the debtor filed a first amended plan, which mooted those objections. The amended plan also changed the payments to Shellpoint to a monthly payment of $763.72, the Limbo payment of $1,527.44, the pre-petition delinquency as $35,247.86, and the post-petition fees of $2,125.00. Shellpoint did not object to the amended plan, and the trustee objected only with respect to certain discrepancies which the debtor corrected in a second amended plan. Shellpoint objected to that plan raising for the first time the argument that the debtor could not cure arrearages because the property had been sold in a pre-petition foreclosure sale, though that sale had not yet been confirmed by the state court.
The debtor filed a third amended plan to correct certain issues raised by the trustee but did not change its treatment of the Shellpoint’s claim. Shellpoint reasserted its objections as to the third amended plan.
The court found Shellpoint’s objections were barred by the judicial estoppel and by certain provisions of the Bankruptcy Code.
As to judicial estoppel, the court found Shellpoint’s objections were inconsistent with its statement with respect to the second original plan that the plan “provides sufficient treatment as to Creditor.” At that time, Shellpoint’s asserted bases for its objection were not that the property had been sold, but were that the mortgage would not mature during the course of the plan and that the arrearage amount to be cured under the plan was $35,247.86. When the debtor amended his plan to conform to Shellpoint’s position, Shellpoint did not object or withdraw its claim.
In reliance on Shellpoint’s stated position, the court allowed Shellpoint to withdraw its objections and the trustee made monthly payments to Shellpoint totaling more than $10,000. The court found that if Shellpoint prevailed on its objections and were permitted to retain the payments as requested, it would give Shellpoint an unfair advantage over other creditors and harm the debtor.
The court also found sections 1325 and 1323 precluded the result Shellpoint sought. Section 1325(a)(5)(A) provides that the court shall confirm a plan if each secured creditor has accepted it. The court found Shellpoint’s withdrawal of its objection constituted such acceptance. Under section 1323, once it accepted the plan, Shellpoint could not later object to an amended plan containing the same terms.
The court overruled Shellpoint’s objections and confirmed the debtor’s plan.
Ritter BAnkr SD Ill Feb 2023
Tags: Plan confirmation, judicial estoppel | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11269 | {"url": "https://www.ncbrc.org/blog/2023/02/21/creditor-estopped-from-objecting-to-amended-plan/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ncbrc.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:05:21Z", "digest": "sha1:UJ3EZDBXO7FZ4MATPWPN6OMECSQQ4PPK"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 3776, 3776.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 3776, 6431.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 3776, 12.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 3776, 56.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 3776, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 3776, 339.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 3776, 0.36114733]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 3776, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 3776, 0.03979126]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 3776, 0.02544031]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 3776, 0.03228963]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 3776, 0.01696021]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 3776, 0.0146771]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 3776, 0.0065189]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 3776, 0.22685789]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 3776, 0.365]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 3776, 5.11]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 3776, 4.71313717]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 3776, 600.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 278, 1.0], [278, 1141, 1.0], [1141, 1922, 1.0], [1922, 2135, 1.0], [2135, 2262, 1.0], [2262, 2835, 1.0], [2835, 3222, 1.0], [3222, 3628, 1.0], [3628, 3705, 1.0], [3705, 3734, 0.0], [3734, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 278, 0.0], [278, 1141, 0.0], [1141, 1922, 0.0], [1922, 2135, 0.0], [2135, 2262, 0.0], [2262, 2835, 0.0], [2835, 3222, 0.0], [3222, 3628, 0.0], [3628, 3705, 0.0], [3705, 3734, 0.0], [3734, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 49, 7.0], [49, 278, 39.0], [278, 1141, 140.0], [1141, 1922, 125.0], [1922, 2135, 35.0], [2135, 2262, 19.0], [2262, 2835, 93.0], [2835, 3222, 59.0], [3222, 3628, 62.0], [3628, 3705, 10.0], [3705, 3734, 6.0], [3734, 3776, 5.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 278, 0.05581395], [278, 1141, 0.06553398], [1141, 1922, 0.03183024], [1922, 2135, 0.0], [2135, 2262, 0.0], [2262, 2835, 0.01245552], [2835, 3222, 0.01315789], [3222, 3628, 0.043257], [3628, 3705, 0.0], [3705, 3734, 0.14285714], [3734, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 278, 0.0], [278, 1141, 0.0], [1141, 1922, 0.0], [1922, 2135, 0.0], [2135, 2262, 0.0], [2262, 2835, 0.0], [2835, 3222, 0.0], [3222, 3628, 0.0], [3628, 3705, 0.0], [3705, 3734, 0.0], [3734, 3776, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 49, 0.10204082], [49, 278, 0.03930131], [278, 1141, 0.01274623], [1141, 1922, 0.00768246], [1922, 2135, 0.01408451], [2135, 2262, 0.03149606], [2262, 2835, 0.01396161], [2835, 3222, 0.01808786], [3222, 3628, 0.01970443], [3628, 3705, 0.02597403], [3705, 3734, 0.24137931], [3734, 3776, 0.04761905]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 3776, 0.77647471]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 3776, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 3776, 0.82893533]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 3776, -163.03295689]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 3776, 86.05672949]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 3776, -35.74664061]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 3776, 45.0]]} |
Tip of the iceberg for ND's move to Big Ten?
SOUTH BEND — Temptation exists, for the most cynical of folks, to look beyond the news.
The worst-kept secret in college sports over a 24-hour news cycle the other day was Notre Dame’s decision to transfer its hockey team from the prestigious Hockey East conference to the struggling Big Ten in 2017-18.
On the surface, it doesn’t make sense.
In terms of athletics, the professed mandate at Notre Dame is: Compete at the highest level possible.
That’s a good place to start in this case.
Hockey East is the highest level possible. No one can dispute that. Notre Dame is one of six conference teams that were invited to the upcoming 16-team NCAA Tournament. Friday in Cincinnati, the Irish will play Michigan, the Big Ten’s only representative in The Big Skate.
Just a couple weeks ago, Notre Dame coach Jeff Jackson talked about how he has molded his roster with talent to fit the demands of opponents in Hockey East. Speed takes precedence over bulk, especially on defense.
Sounds like a football comparison between the Big Ten and SEC.
Bet he was just aching to spill the beans back then, as he talked with reporters.
But, we digress.
Why leave? Now? Four years ago, the cozy, competitive Central Collegiate Hockey Association crumbled because the Big Ten wanted to be autonomous fielding the sport. When Penn State invested in a program, it made six conference schools with quality facilities.
Wisconsin and Minnesota are hockey hotbeds that happen to have struggled lately to live up to their rich tradition. Kinda like Notre Dame football under Bob Davie. And Tyrone Willingham. And Charlie Weis. Same goes for Michigan State and, for the most part, Michigan.
In other words, since its inception, the Big Ten has had problems meeting expectations. Regular-season champ Minnesota lost to runner-up Michigan in the Big Ten Tournament championship last week. The game was played in the beautiful hockey cathedral in St. Paul. Two-thirds of the 18,000 seats were empty. Sad, considered the hometown Gophers were playing.
When the CCHA first dissolved, the Big Ten smugly wanted no part of Notre Dame or anyone else. So the Irish packed up to look for a home.
Notre Dame adjusted well to Hockey East. A third-place finish and first-round tournament bye this season was proof that the Irish had found a place among the elite.
So, why bail?
Buses rather than planes. Wednesday, Jackson talked about the demands of travel, even though the Irish always “go first class.” No more airports.
Jackson had no qualms about the competitive level of the Big Ten having its needle pointed toward the elite level by the time Notre Dame joins.
This could either be a blip on the radar or a seismic move. It’s way too early to quantify what’s happening right now.
Is this a hockey-exclusive situation in which a struggling league reached out to a vital program for help?
Or, in the big picture, is this the beginning of a thaw in the “cold war” between the Big Ten and Notre Dame?
For years, the two entities had flirted, but when Notre Dame refused to have its football pigeon-holed by the constraints of a conference, it was a deal-breaker.
None of the power brokers on either side — the movers and shakers behind the scenes — are going to admit to anything more than this being a move that makes geographic and economic sense, while throwing the competitive equation out the window.
Hmmmmm. (See Notre Dame’s professed mandate above.)
But, the cynics among us can’t help but project this beyond the borders of a niche sport. Is this the first step toward the Big Ten warming to the idea of welcoming Notre Dame – and the rest of its sports that currently compete in the Atlantic Coast Conference – as friend, rather than foe, even if the Irish steadfastly maintain football independence?
The Big Ten owes Notre Dame now.
There’s no indication that the Irish have any inkling of leaving the ACC. But, then again, probably several months ago there was no reason to walk out on Hockey East, either.
Notre Dame football won’t join a league anywhere until there’s no way to get to the playoffs without a conference title. If the playoff scenario goes from four to eight teams anytime soon, that will eliminate any impediment for independents.
Other Notre Dame teams are just starting to get comfortable in the ACC. Economic realities, though, are still fact. If the Irish baseball team gets rained out of a weekend series in Miami, it’s much more costly than a series at Northwestern would have been.
However, some ideas cost dollars and lack sense. Could this be the first step toward changing that?
Or, just a new home for Irish hockey in a bad league, with no other strings attached? | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11270 | {"url": "https://www.ndinsider.com/story/sports/more-sports/2016/03/23/ip-of-the-iceberg-for-nds-move-to-big-te/45837611/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ndinsider.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:21:40Z", "digest": "sha1:SPYSICABMM7PNC5YZ7ZRGWX6TC427JMV"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 4713, 4713.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 4713, 8353.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 4713, 32.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 4713, 53.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 4713, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 4713, 321.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 4713, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 4713, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 4713, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 4713, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 4713, 0.40451745]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 4713, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 4713, 0.0]], 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Article by Faith Briggs
Running the National Monuments: Behind the Scenes in This Land Documentary
Photos by Michael A. Estrada
Right around the time that I found myself digging a multitool out of my hydration pack to pull cacti needles out of my ankle, while swatting away relentless mosquitoes, I started to doubt the overall point of my adventure...
There’s a reason why I was lost near the Escalante River in Escalante, Utah. I was originally supposed to be quite a few miles west, closer to Grosvenor’s Arch, a previously protected area of the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument. However, flash floods had meant the road was washed out, cars were stuck in the mud and, after consulting with the local outdoor store owners, the idea of overnighting alone in the monument had been scrapped.
Despite the rains, I was told about a sixteen-mile trail near the river that should be 'totally doable’ to start at 3 p.m. and be done running by dark.
Three hours, multiple river crossings, and a few swift water areas later, I had lost the trail and needed to bail as rain and darkness approached. I found myself crawling on my hands and knees in the wet grass under sagebrush while following the sound of the river.
I talked to myself out loud to calm down. I counted my breath and followed the canyon wall back to a clearing in the brush and found the river again. I used my Garmin Inreach to tell my camera crew, Chelsea Jolly and Whit Hassett, that I wasn’t going to be meeting them at the pickup point in an hour. I headed back to the trailhead.
How did I get here? I had the same question at that very moment.
Eighteen months earlier, Addie Thompson, my friend and the associate producer on This Land — a documentary film about running, inclusivity, and public lands — hatched a project to road trip and trail run through parts of National Monuments that had been threatened to lose protections because of the Trump Administration’s apparent campaign against public land protections. By the time we started running together in the Cascade Siskiyou National Monument, Grand Staircase- Escalante had already been reduced in monument status protections by 85%. By that time, the project had also shifted to focus on me, the only one who could dedicate three weeks to being on the road.
Trying to adventure and run 340 miles on foot while balancing day jobs is a monumental task on its own. It’s also a privilege and a delight.
The first stop was Cascade-Siskiyou. Then my all-female film team of Whit Hassett and Chelsea Jolly said our goodbyes to Jen Castillo and Addie, who had joined me for the first 40 miles in Oregon and headed in our borrowed van down to Utah. I would run alone for 60 miles in Utah. The last stop would be Organ-Mountains Desert Peaks National Monument in New Mexico, 40 miles — with Dustin Martin and Jose Gonzales each joining me for a 20-mile day. We had chosen three Monuments under threat of reduction that represented the beauty of our country and different reasons for protection: biodiversity, science and paleontology, and historic cultural artifacts.
I moved from Brooklyn, New York to Portland, Oregon in November 2016 and — against all odds — I still live in Portland. My life has moved from an intense focus on road and track running within the city, to trail running and outdoor adventure around the Pacific Northwest.
Spending so much time outside with amazing people and sharing their passions is incredible. It also forces me to see not only who is outside playing but also, who is not. As a black woman from New York, it’s strange and often uncomfortable and distressing to not see other black and indigenous people of color on the trails and rivers where I find myself.
On the trail, I have a lot of time to think. I think about representation a lot.
Black women’s representation in media and Caribbean cinema was a focus of my undergraduate double major in Film and African American Studies at Yale. In the time between now and then, I went to journalism school, worked at the Discovery Channel in the documentary department, and moved to Portland to work in marketing. I've subsequently worked at two nonprofits devoted to diversifying the conservation movement and increasing access to service-oriented travel.
When I asked myself what tools I had at my disposal to forward this conversation in my own way, the answer was: storytelling and my own two feet.
This journey became my response to everything I was learning about public lands. It started out being about miles and ended up being about how to be the invitation for others. This is an ongoing question and goal. I invited people to run with me who have inspired me to share my voice. They are people whose voices and perspectives I admire and learn from constantly.
Also, I wanted to see our public lands. I wanted to experience them firsthand and clearly know their importance.
I wanted to see these places myself. I wanted to be responsible for the places that I can be a steward of because I am technically a public landowner.
So, in May 2019, I averaged 20 miles a day and spent each day digging into questions around inclusivity in conservation. It was humbling and stunning. It was hard. Most often it was exhilarating. Sometimes, it was lonely. Regardless of how I was feeling, looking around at the vastness of the landscapes around me was always awe-inspiring.
When I wasn’t running, I was carb-loading, planning, and re-planning routes — or sleeping. Over the course of 3 weeks, we kept the budget down by never hitting a hotel and cooking most of our own food.
Thankfully, we had NEMO tents and sleeping bags to help with that task. NEMO kits of Hornet™, Astro™ Lite, Azura™ 35°, and Fillo™ were a perfect ultralight setup that held strong over many miles on the trail. It took us almost two years to make the connections and carve out the time to make the film. I think we were able to do it because we believe so much in the importance of access to public lands and looking at conservation through an equitable and inclusive lens.
The film is eleven minutes long. It’s the beginning of a conversation. I hope it’s one you’ll join us in having.
View THIS LAND documentary.
Faith E. Briggs is a documentary film producer and outdoor enthusiast with a focus on diversity and representation. Both behind and in front of the camera, she works with brands, non-profit organizations, institutions, and individual creatives to create media that is representative of the world we live in — and the better one we are working together to create. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11271 | {"url": "https://www.nemoequipment.eu/blogs/journal/running-the-national-monuments-behind-the-scenes-in-this-land-documentary", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.nemoequipment.eu", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:51:15Z", "digest": "sha1:EDMZKZGYGCW2NY4FHO5XLZ5G2ACMMWQQ"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 6560, 6560.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 6560, 8702.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 6560, 26.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 6560, 168.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 6560, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 6560, 310.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 6560, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 6560, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 6560, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 6560, 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Taking a look at the website for Toto
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Tag: wolfsbane
Maisie Williams Discusses Her Character Wolfsbane in ‘The New Mutants’ Featurette
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Chile's School Voucher System: Enabling Choice or Perpetuating Social Inequality?
Amaya Garcia
On Tuesday, after a contentious process, Betsy DeVos was confirmed as the country’s next Secretary of Education. Ms. DeVos is a billionaire with a history of using her private wealth to advance an education agenda framed around school choice, including school vouchers that use public funds to provide families with a scholarship or stipend to attend the private school of their choice. With her confirmation finally settled, Americans are likely to hear much more about school vouchers. But do they work?
While many states in the U.S. have implemented school voucher systems (to mixed results), these programs have also been tested abroad in Sweden, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Colombia. Chile implemented a universal school voucher program 1981, as part of a series of free-market economic reforms ushered in by Dictator Augusto Pinochet, who rose to power in a 1973 coup d'état of the socialist government led by the democratically elected Salvador Allende.
As Varun Gauri writes in his 1998 book on school choice in Chile:
[...] The military regime’s technocrats restructured the labor market, introduced vouchers into public housing programs, legalized private health insurance while adding market elements to the public health system, turned over most of the social security system to private pension fund managers, transferred the management of schools and primary health clinics to municipalities, strengthened the municipal finance system, and created a voucherlike [sic] mechanism to finance both public and private schools. (p.11)
Pinochet’s economic policies were crafted by a group of economists (known as the Chicago Boys) who had trained with Milton Friedman at the University of Chicago. In education, Friedman is perhaps most famous for arguing that education policies should establish a “free market” to foster parental choice and promote competition among schools. In a 1995 article, Friedman wrote that “nothing else” would “provide the public schools with the competition that will force them to improve in order to hold their clientele.” Chile’s voucher program has served as a test case for the basic theories that undergird Friedman’s and school choice proponents’ arguments about the impact these models have on student outcomes.
Chile’s transition to a “free-market” education system in 1981 created three types of schools: public municipal, private subsidized, and private non-subsidized. Both public municipal and private subsidized schools accept vouchers, while private non-subsidized do not accept vouchers and cater to the elite. Families have substantial choice and are able to use their voucher in any participating school.The system is universal (open to everyone) and operates as a per-student subsidy that is paid directly to schools, which means that school budgets are inextricably tied to student enrollment.
Chile’s voucher program has been widely studied and largely found to have exacerbated inequality, reduced public school enrollment and minimal to no impact on student achievement.
A 2012 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) report highlights Chile’s high-levels of socio-economic stratification between public and private schools. According to the report, 80 percent of the most-advantaged quarter of students attend a private school, while only 38 percent of the least-advantaged students attend these schools. Chile’s system has been closely studied by Chilean researchers who find that school vouchers have only served to increase, socio-economic segregation between schools. Researchers at the University of Chile and New York University found that children from families in the lowest income groups enroll in public schools at much higher rates than do children from the middle-class, who are more likely to use vouchers to enroll in private-subsidized schools.
Vouchers have worsened socio-economic segregation largely because of the program’s design and the limited availability of private schools in small, rural areas. First, private subsidized schools can charge additional fees or tuition (up to a ceiling of $125), which can limit access to low-income families and keep them in the public school system. One study that sampled parents living in Santiago found that the self-reported monthly income of families who chose to attend public school was $304/month, which can make it difficult to afford the cost of fees. Indeed, these schools have an incentive to charge co-payments due to the fact that they can operate as a for profit business.
Second, private and public schools operate under different regulations. Until recently, private subsidized schools were able to screen, select and expel students based on their own criteria. Public schools do not have flexibility and must admit any student. As researchers Alejandra Mizala and Florencia Torche found in their research on the socioeconomic stratification in Chile’s schools that “while the voucher sector serves a diverse population, voucher schools are socioeconomically homogenous — some of them appear to concentrate better-off families, while others focus on poor communities.”
This type of student selection, where the highest-achieving were chosen by the private subsidized schools, led to an exodus of middle class students from Chilean public schools. The percentage of students attending public schools fell from more than 80 percent in 1979 to 42 percent in 2009. And by 2011, just under 40 percent of students attended a public school, 52 percent attended a private subsidized school and 7 percent attended a private non-subsidized school. OECD data indicate that just under 40 percent of students from the bottom income quarter attend a private school, compared to 60 percent of students from the third income quarter and 80 percent of students from the top income quarter.
These statistics reflect Chile’s larger societal structure, which is highly stratified by social class. Research suggests that parents often base decisions about where to enroll their children based on the student demographics of the school. Gregory Elacqua, Mark Schneider and Jack Buckley studied how parents in Santiago made school choices. While parents reported that academic quality was an important factor in their decision-making about what school to send their child to, their actual choices revealed that this decision was largely influenced by student demographics. In fact, 87 percent of parents only considered schools with similar student demographics.
To be sure, the increase in private subsidized school enrollment has been accompanied by the rapid expansion of the private school sector, which grew from 2,425 schools in 1990 to 5,545 schools by 2009. Notably, 30 percent of schools in Chile are for-profits that are largely run by former educators and are independent schools (not part of a franchise or network of schools).
If Friedman’s theory is correct, there should have been a commensurate decrease in the number of public schools, but that has not happened in Chile. In their widely cited 2006 article on the impacts of Chile’s voucher program, researchers Chang-Tai Hsieh and Miguel Urquiola argue that it might be because “public schools did not face strong incentives to compete” with the private sector. That’s likely due to the fact that public school budgets are supplemented by municipal governments, generally to help them absorb the loss of students. And like in the United States, closing neighborhood schools is a highly contentious process even in the face of declining enrollment and low student achievement.
Many researchers have attempted to examine the impact of Chile’s voucher system on student achievement, but little consensus has been reached. Hsieh and Urquiola’s 2006 study concluded that vouchers did not lead to improved student outcomes. Several other studies have similar findings and some argue that public schools may actually do better at educating students than private subsidized schools. In contrast, other studies have found that private subsidized schools have better results than municipal schools (with comparable budgets) and a 2004 article found that vouchers led to stronger outcomes for students across all socio-economic levels.
The majority of studies reveal the methodological constraints of examining the impacts of vouchers on student achievement and the difficulty of controlling for the selective sorting of students into schools (e.g. students and teachers are not randomly assigned to schools and many schools end up being fairly segregated by socio-economic levels).
On international measures, such as the PISA assessment, Chile has not fared well. In 2015, Chilean students scored well below the PISA average in science, mathematics and reading. Specifically, the average PISA scores for science and reading were 493, but Chilean students’ mean scores in those areas were 447 and 449. Moreover, the difference in science performance between private and public school students was 46 points. These assessments serve to highlight the impact of socio-economic segregation on student achievement. “In 2006 the variance of PISA test scores that was explained by socio-economic background in Chile was stronger than anywhere in the OECD...indicating that the school system needed to do more to help disadvantaged children catch up” writes Nicola Brandt in her 2010 OECD working paper on Chile’s education system.
Chile’s government has implemented several reforms in order to correct some of the inequities created by the education market. In 2008, the Preferential School Subsidy law provided schools with a higher subsidy for students from low-income families. Private schools that accept the SEP subsidy must sign a contract with the Ministry of Education, which mandates that they implement a self-assessment, set improvement targets, design a 4-year school improvement plan and are prohibited from charging extra fees. The law’s impact has been to increase choice among low-income families and to accelerate enrollment losses at public schools. In 2016, only 36 percent of students were enrolled in a public school.
The General Education Law of 2009 prohibited private subsidized schools from screening and selecting students before grade six. The aim of the provision was to end this widespread practice and limit the socio-economic segregation of students. However, research suggests that this practice is still widely-used and that the law has been poorly enforced.
And in 2015, the government passed the School Inclusion Law, which eliminates parent co-payments (which were charged by 80 percent of private subsidized schools), creates financial incentives such as increasing the SEP subsidy, reaffirms that schools receiving a subsidy cannot select students, and eliminates for-profit voucher schools. These actions were inspired by a large, and successful, 2011 student uprising against privatization (especially in higher education, which has seen even larger impacts due to these policies) to implement policies to help ensure education is a “social right.”
What lessons does Chile offer to the United States? First, it provides a cautionary tale on the potential for voucher programs to exacerbate school socio-economic segregation. Here in the U.S., schools in urban areas are not only racially segregated but have high levels of concentrated poverty and policymakers are right to be concerned that universal voucher programs may exacerbate this problem. Second, Chile’s recent reforms highlight the importance of considering equity up front and ensuring that private vouchers schools are held to the same standards as public schools. Evidence from Milwaukee’s voucher program suggests that holding private voucher schools to different standards can foster the creation of low-quality schools that do little to advance student learning and achievement. Finally, the inconclusive evidence on boosting student achievement is a red flag for policymakers who believe that simply shifting students into a private school will lead to stronger academic performance. Voucher systems are no cure for the inequities that plague our education system. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11274 | {"url": "https://www.newamerica.org/education-policy/edcentral/chiles-school-voucher-system-enabling-choice-or-perpetuating-social-inequality/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.newamerica.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:44:51Z", "digest": "sha1:LNGDNJ44LRWSWZD7B4QABCX3TLS735WB"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 12256, 12256.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 12256, 13670.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 12256, 23.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 12256, 91.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 12256, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 12256, 213.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 12256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 12256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 12256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 12256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 12256, 0.36031093]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 12256, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": 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My Community My Updates Building Closing Early
Building Closing Early
Please be advised that the NBRA office and park will be closed at 4pm on December 3, 2022. The facility will resume regular business hours of 9am - 9pm on December 4, 2022.
Thank you for your understanding and cooperation. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11275 | {"url": "https://www.newbrighton-connect.com/my-community/read-news.html?news=307", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.newbrighton-connect.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:13:41Z", "digest": "sha1:TZ55VGGWSBPJ5HYWYCVJR73ZMRHRNZKQ"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 292, 292.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 292, 1485.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 292, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 292, 72.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 292, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 292, 238.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 292, 0.27272727]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 292, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 292, 0.12658228]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 292, 0.16877637]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 292, 0.01818182]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 292, 0.18181818]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 292, 0.7755102]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 292, 4.83673469]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 292, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 292, 3.58061136]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 292, 49.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 70, 0.0], [70, 243, 1.0], [243, 292, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 70, 0.0], [70, 243, 0.0], [243, 292, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 47, 7.0], [47, 70, 3.0], [70, 243, 32.0], [243, 292, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 70, 0.0], [70, 243, 0.07831325], [243, 292, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 70, 0.0], [70, 243, 0.0], [243, 292, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.14893617], [47, 70, 0.13043478], [70, 243, 0.04624277], [243, 292, 0.02040816]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 292, 0.00012183]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 292, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 292, 0.0001297]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 292, -23.18750564]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 292, -8.66133949]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 292, -11.82464719]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 292, 3.0]]} |
Greene County public administrator resigns
Sara Karnes
Greene County's public administrator has resigned.
County Public Information Officer Donna Barton confirmed that Lee Ann Walker submitted her resignation letter on Monday.
Walker wrote that she was resigning due to "an increasingly severe long-term physical illness" in an email to Commissioner Bob Dixon.
"I appreciate the confidence of the Greene County voters who elected me to this position which is a very special calling," Walker wrote. "It has been an honor to serve the 600 souls under my care since January 1, 2017."
The office of the Public Administrator acts as the guardian or conservator for mentally disabled persons, a personal representative of deceased estates and conservator of minor estates, according to a press release from Greene County. Walker received 28,196 votes in the 2016 primary election.
“We want to thank Ms. Walker for her service to the citizens of Greene County and we wish her a speedy recovery to good health,” said Greene County Presiding Commissioner Bob Dixon, per a press release. “In the interim, the County is committed to continuing to serve the individuals and estates entrusted with their affairs through the Public Administrator’s office.”
The Greene County Commission held an emergency session at 4:30 p.m. Monday and appointed retired Greene County Public Administrator David Yancey as interim Public Administrator. Yancey will continue in office until Gov. Mike Parson fills the vacancy by appointment, according to a press release.
Walker's resignation is effective at 5 p.m. Jan. 7. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11276 | {"url": "https://www.news-leader.com/story/news/local/ozarks/2019/01/07/greene-co-public-administrator-resigns/2504293002/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.news-leader.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:14:12Z", "digest": "sha1:TAP4YHAK5SNAQ7SLS6D57CUJR7OS4O7K"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1590, 1590.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1590, 5391.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1590, 10.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1590, 28.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1590, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1590, 325.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1590, 0.32881356]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1590, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1590, 0.03678161]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1590, 0.06436782]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1590, 0.02988506]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1590, 0.04750958]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1590, 0.00338983]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1590, 0.16610169]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1590, 0.60887097]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1590, 5.26209677]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1590, 4.69058046]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1590, 248.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 43, 0.0], [43, 55, 0.0], [55, 106, 1.0], [106, 227, 1.0], [227, 361, 1.0], [361, 581, 0.0], [581, 875, 1.0], [875, 1243, 1.0], [1243, 1539, 1.0], [1539, 1590, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 43, 0.0], [43, 55, 0.0], [55, 106, 0.0], [106, 227, 0.0], [227, 361, 0.0], [361, 581, 0.0], [581, 875, 0.0], [875, 1243, 0.0], [1243, 1539, 0.0], [1539, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 43, 5.0], [43, 55, 2.0], [55, 106, 6.0], [106, 227, 17.0], [227, 361, 21.0], [361, 581, 40.0], [581, 875, 44.0], [875, 1243, 60.0], [1243, 1539, 44.0], [1539, 1590, 9.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 43, 0.0], [43, 55, 0.0], [55, 106, 0.0], [106, 227, 0.0], [227, 361, 0.0], [361, 581, 0.03791469], [581, 875, 0.03125], [875, 1243, 0.0], [1243, 1539, 0.01041667], [1539, 1590, 0.04347826]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 43, 0.0], [43, 55, 0.0], [55, 106, 0.0], [106, 227, 0.0], [227, 361, 0.0], [361, 581, 0.0], [581, 875, 0.0], [875, 1243, 0.0], [1243, 1539, 0.0], [1539, 1590, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 43, 0.04651163], [43, 55, 0.16666667], [55, 106, 0.03921569], [106, 227, 0.08264463], [227, 361, 0.02985075], [361, 581, 0.02727273], [581, 875, 0.02040816], [875, 1243, 0.04076087], [1243, 1539, 0.05743243], [1539, 1590, 0.03921569]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1590, 0.91215211]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1590, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1590, 0.94363618]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1590, -67.91811699]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1590, 26.46095911]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1590, -10.82902079]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1590, 19.0]]} |
Home > Capital Punishment
Tennessee Republican wants to bring back hangings
No one in the U.S. has been executed by hanging since 1996.
By Nick Reynolds On 3/1/23 at 4:57 PM EST
Oklahoma backtracks on "unsustainable" plan to execute one inmate a month
The state's new attorney general asked Oklahoma's Court of Criminal Appeals to slow down the pace of upcoming executions.
By Khaleda Rahman On 1/25/23 at 7:26 AM EST
Robert Fratta fears expired drugs will lead to another botched execution
Fratta, 65, is set to receive a lethal injection at the state penitentiary in Huntsville, Texas on January 10.
By Khaleda Rahman On 1/10/23 at 11:30 AM EST
Who is Robert Fratta? Texas to execute former officer for wife's killing
Fratta's attorneys have asked the U.S. Supreme Court to stay the execution, arguing that prosecutors withheld evidence that a witness was hypnotized by investigators.
Every death row prisoner executed in the U.S. in 2022
Eighteen men were put to death in the U.S. this year, with more than half of them in Texas and Oklahoma.
By Khaleda Rahman On 12/26/22 at 9:58 AM EST
Does Colorado have death penalty? Shooting suspect faces call for execution
Suspected Colorado Springs shooter Anderson Aldrich faces charges of first-degree murder, prompting questions about where Colorado stands on the death penalty.
Death row inmate's wife reveals chaotic moments before failed execution
Kenneth Smith's execution was called off after officials concluded they didn't have enough time to complete the procedure before a midnight deadline.
By Khaleda Rahman On 11/21/22 at 10:58 AM EST
Week of "botched" executions in U.S. condemned by campaigners
Reprieve U.S. said three of the four executions scheduled over a two-day stretch this week were "botched."
Attorneys slam Idaho officials for setting terminally ill man's execution
Gerald Ross Pizzuto Jr., who has late-stage bladder cancer, is scheduled to die by lethal injection on December 15.
Alabama to execute man for murder-for-hire killing
Smith, 57, is scheduled to receive a lethal injection at the William C. Holman Correctional Facility in Atmore on November 17.
Oklahoma set to execute man on his birthday
Richard Fairchild was convicted for the November 1993 killing of his girlfriend's 3-year-old son, Adam Broomhall.
Murray Hooper's final words before Arizona execution
Hooper's execution was Arizona's third since the state resumed executions after an eight-year pause.
Stephen Barbee's final words before Texas execution
Barbee was condemned for the killing of his pregnant ex-girlfriend and her seven-year-old son.
Flurry of executions as four death row inmates to be killed in 48 hours
Arizona, Alabama, Texas and Oklahoma have scheduled executions for November 16 and 17.
Who is Stephen Barbee? Texas set to execute man for killing pregnant ex
Barbee, who was sentenced to death in 2006, was also convicted of killing his ex-girlfriend's 7-year-old son.
Anti-war Russians sabotage railways, could face execution
During World War II, "saboteurs" were shot, former Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said.
By Isabel van Brugen On 11/3/22 at 5:50 AM EDT
"Catatonic" Oklahoma inmate faces execution unless Supreme Court intervenes
Benjamin Cole, 57, is scheduled to die by lethal injection at the Oklahoma State Penitentiary on October 20.
By Khaleda Rahman On 10/18/22 at 11:37 AM EDT
John Ramirez's final words before Texas execution
Ramirez, 38, was executed at the state penitentiary in Huntsville for the 2004 killing 46-year-old Pablo Castro.
By Khaleda Rahman On 10/6/22 at 2:31 AM EDT
Man facing execution in Texas will have pastor touch him while he dies
Ramirez, 38, was sentenced to death for the 2004 killing of 46-year-old Pablo Castro, a convenience store clerk, in Corpus Christi.
Alan Miller Execution Delayed as Alabama Not Ready to Use Nitrogen Hypoxia
A federal judge said the state can only execute Miller using nitrogen. The method is legal under Alabama law, but has never been tested.
By Khaleda Rahman On 9/20/22 at 8:27 AM EDT
Pro-Death Penalty Legislators Demand Hearing on Richard Glossip's Execution
They were among 61 Oklahoma legislators calling for a new evidentiary hearing ahead of Glossip's September execution date..
By Khaleda Rahman On 8/9/22 at 10:24 AM EDT
Who Is James Coddington? Death Row Inmate Step Closer to Clemency
Coddington is the first of 25 inmates whose execution dates were set last month after a federal judge rejected their challenge to Oklahoma's execution protocol.
By Khaleda Rahman On 8/4/22 at 4:47 AM EDT
Oklahoma Execution Dates as State Plans to Kill Inmate Nearly Every Month
The Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals set execution dates for 25 death row inmates after a federal judge upheld the state's lethal injection protocol.
Oklahoma Death Penalty Protocol Upheld, Clearing Way for 28 Executions
Attorneys for the inmates had argued that the use of the sedative midoazolam violated the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment
Clarence Dixon's Final Words Before Execution in Arizona
Dixon, 66, died by lethal injection at the state prison in Florence on May 11.
Clarence Dixon Executed in Arizona Despite Backlash Over His Mental Illness
The Arizona Supreme Court struck down an attempt to repeal Clarence Dixon's death sentence.
By Emma Mayer On 5/11/22 at 2:07 PM EDT
Arizona to Execute First Prisoner Since 'Botched' Lethal Injection in 2014
Clarence Dixon, 66, is set to receive a lethal injection at the state prison in Florence for the 1978 killing of 21-year-old student Deana Bowdoin.
By Khaleda Rahman On 5/11/22 at 11:20 AM EDT
What Did Clarence Dixon Do? Inmate Set to Be Executed in Arizona
The 66-year-old is set to be the first inmate executed in Arizona in nearly eight years.
By Natalie Colarossi On 5/10/22 at 6:27 PM EDT
Who Is Carl Buntion? Oldest Texas Death Row Inmate Faces Execution
Buntion, 78, is scheduled to be executed on April 21 for the killing of a Houston police officer more than 30 years ago.
The State Should Never Have the Power To Kill People
Retribution is not an effective way of managing basic criminals or mass murderers in society.
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NGS Global is quickly expanding its global footprint and recently established offices in Vienna, Austria and Helsinki, Finland. To better understand the human capital challenges companies in Europe face, we recently spoke with Roman Müller-Albrecht, Managing Partner at NGS Global in Frankfurt, Germany, to get his thoughts on the current trends and challenges affecting businesses.
Please click here to access the full article. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11278 | {"url": "https://www.ngs-global.com/index.php/perspectives/8-perspectives/articles/180-update-from-europe-industry-trends-and-human-capital-challenges", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ngs-global.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:24:47Z", "digest": "sha1:LWOJZ6V7JS45BKMGE4B5X237R4A6CG2E"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 428, 428.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 428, 1744.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 428, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 428, 74.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 428, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 428, 264.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 428, 0.28378378]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 428, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 428, 0.05042017]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 428, 0.02702703]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 428, 0.13513514]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 428, 0.79365079]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 428, 5.66666667]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 428, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 428, 3.81554635]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 428, 63.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 383, 1.0], [383, 428, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 383, 0.0], [383, 428, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 383, 55.0], [383, 428, 8.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 383, 0.0], [383, 428, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 383, 0.0], [383, 428, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 383, 0.05483029], [383, 428, 0.02222222]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 428, 0.21086079]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 428, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 428, 0.00305212]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 428, -20.96051258]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 428, -2.43591847]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 428, -10.47002206]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 428, 3.0]]} |
NPR Blogs
Will The Eclipse Make Crops And Animals Flip Out? Scientists Ask (Really)
KBIA | By Kristofor Husted
Daniel Acker/Bloomberg/Getty Images
During the day on Aug. 21, large swaths of farmland will be plunged into darkness, and temperatures will drop about 10 degrees. Scientists are waiting to see how crops and animals react.
On Aug. 21, a 70-mile-wide ribbon from Oregon to South Carolina called the "path of totality" will experience a total solar eclipse. Large swaths of farmland in the Great Plains and Midwest will be plunged into darkness for 2 1/2 minutes, and temperatures will drop about 10 degrees in the middle of the day.
But as millions of people look up at the sky, many Midwest scientists will turn their eyes and cameras toward the plants and animals on the ground. And they're not sure what will happen.
"It's never really been studied systematically," says Angela Speck, director of astronomy at the University of Missouri, Columbia.
Speck says different parts of the Earth experience a total eclipse about once a year, and that makes tracking changes in animal and plant behavior challenging.
"The place that gets to see that total eclipse is only about 0.1 percent of the surface of the Earth," she says. "So even though they happen every year in a given location, they are very rare."
Researchers at the University of Missouri are using the South Farm Research Center, which falls right in the path of totality, to document corn, soybeans and livestock through live-stream webcams.
Kristofor Husted / NPR
Tim Reinbott will be studying how drought-stressed plants react to the lighting and temperature changes during the total solar eclipse.
Tim Reinbott, director of field operations, says he is eager to see how those drought-stressed plants will react to the change in light and temperature. Typically, they cope by twisting up their leaves during the day to prevent loss of moisture. At night, they unfold to breathe in carbon dioxide.
"During the middle of all of this, will it unfold itself and then fold itself right back up in response to the eclipse?" Reinbott asks. "I don't know. Maybe it's too quick. Whether they work or not, we're going to learn something."
Indeed, a lot of research is done in labs to see how plants, including those stressed by drought, react to different conditions. But Reinbott says the eclipse is so unique that it would be a challenge to mimic those exact conditions in a greenhouse or a pasture.
"Also we've got the full spectrum of the sun — all the shades of red lights, green lights and blues. It's hard to get that artificially," he says.
For farmers, the rows of corn and soybeans striping through the Midwest will only briefly dip into photosynthesis — the process by which plants convert light into energy. University of Missouri plant biologist Mannie Liscum says any light or temperature changes that hit the crops during the eclipse will come out as a wash during harvest — no bushels lost.
"The reason for that is that plants normally are adapting to local environments because they are fixed in the soil," he says. "They can't escape their environment, so they undergo huge changes in their light environment during the course of a single day."
Animals, however, are not fixed in the soil. At the South Farm Research Center, Reinbott will have the cameras pointed at horses, which he anticipates might act frisky because they'll think it's dinner time.
He'll also have cameras streaming the behavior of chickens in a coop.
"I think they'll be real reactive to [the eclipse]," he says. "They may say, 'You know, maybe I need to stay out here and eat some more?' I don't know."
With the help of elementary school students, University of Missouri biology professor Candi Galen is putting out microphones near beehives, in gardens and in a pumpkin patch to record buzzing activity.
"I don't think it is really known the cues that bees use or don't use when they are foraging that tell them to jump ship and go back their hives or stay put," Galen says. "Bees depend upon the environment to regulate their temperature, and that may suggest that if indeed it does cool off a few degrees as the eclipse progresses, then they would get less active because they would be at a lower temperature physiologically."
Researchers are also working with nearby cattle ranchers and even fishermen to monitor fish activity, Reinbott says.
"What they observe, let us know, and you get enough folks observing the same thing, that's a replicated trial," he says.
Ultimately, Reinbott says, we might not learn a groundbreaking fact during these eclipse studies that can be applied immediately to science. But maybe something will be learned that researchers can use down the line to improve food production.
"What we learn here, we may not even be able to fathom what could be used years from now," he says.
This story comes to us from Harvest Public Media, a reporting collaboration that focuses on agriculture and food production. Kristofor Husted is based at member station KBIA in Columbia, Mo.
Copyright 2017 KBIA
Kristofor Husted
Kristofor Husted is a senior reporter at KBIA in Columbia, Mo. Previously Husted reported for NPR’s Science Desk in Washington and Harvest Public Media. Husted was a 2013 fellow with the Institute for Journalism and Natural Resources and a 2015 fellow for the Institute for Journalism and Justice. He’s won regional and national Edward R. Murrow, PRNDI and Sigma Delta Chi awards. Husted also is an instructor at the Missouri School of Journalism. He received a B.S. in cell biology from UC Davis and an M.S. in journalism from Northwestern University.
See stories by Kristofor Husted | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11279 | {"url": "https://www.nhpr.org/npr-blogs/2017-08-17/will-the-eclipse-make-crops-and-animals-flip-out-scientists-ask-really", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.nhpr.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:01:21Z", "digest": "sha1:V72BNVHVSI65FEVE57VZVAUNOG5AQKNN"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 5677, 5677.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 5677, 13048.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 5677, 33.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 5677, 397.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 5677, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 5677, 287.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 5677, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 5677, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 5677, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 5677, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 5677, 0.42931937]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 5677, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 5677, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 5677, 0.0620462]], 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Jefferson Institute for Bioprocessing (JIB)
The Jefferson Institute for Bioprocessing (JIB), is the first - and only - education and training institute for biopharmaceutical processing in North America that combines commercial single-use processing equipment with the internationally recognized NIBRT curriculum.
While more than 40 percent of therapeutics currently in research and development are biopharmaceuticals, there exist only a handful of places throughout the world dedicated to training people to produce these potentially life-saving drugs, a gap that the JIB intends to close.
The JIB is expected to serve 2,500 people annually through workforce training and bioprocessing certifications, in addition to enrolling 70 additional Jefferson students in bioprocessing, engineering and other related majors.
What is JIB?
The Jefferson Institute for Bioprocessing (JIB) is a specialized training and education institute for single-use-reactor bioprocessing technology used in modern biopharmaceutical manufacturing.
The focus of the JIB is hands-on training of industry professionals through workshops and certificates and hands-on education of new bioprocessing engineers at the undergraduate and graduate levels.
JIB is partnering with the National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT) in Dublin, Ireland.
JIB training courses will use the internationally recognised NIBRT curriculum and will be certified by NIBRT | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11280 | {"url": "https://www.nibrt.ie/training-and-education/jefferson-institute-of-bioprocessing/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.nibrt.ie", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:02:56Z", "digest": "sha1:SPE2KOLHT4AECOI76GIRTJJGO6EPMLP6"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1444, 1444.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1444, 9921.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1444, 9.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1444, 151.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1444, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1444, 268.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1444, 0.34199134]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1444, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1444, 0.10180624]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1444, 0.07389163]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1444, 0.07389163]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1444, 0.07389163]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1444, 0.0591133]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1444, 0.08210181]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1444, 0.08374384]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1444, 0.05627706]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1444, 0.14285714]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1444, 0.52820513]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1444, 6.24615385]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1444, 4.24919535]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1444, 195.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 44, 0.0], [44, 313, 1.0], [313, 590, 1.0], [590, 816, 1.0], [816, 829, 1.0], [829, 1023, 1.0], [1023, 1222, 1.0], [1222, 1336, 1.0], [1336, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 44, 0.0], [44, 313, 0.0], [313, 590, 0.0], [590, 816, 0.0], [816, 829, 0.0], [829, 1023, 0.0], [1023, 1222, 0.0], [1222, 1336, 0.0], [1336, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 44, 5.0], [44, 313, 33.0], [313, 590, 42.0], [590, 816, 30.0], [816, 829, 3.0], [829, 1023, 22.0], [1023, 1222, 28.0], [1222, 1336, 16.0], [1336, 1444, 16.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 44, 0.0], [44, 313, 0.0], [313, 590, 0.00735294], [590, 816, 0.02714932], [816, 829, 0.0], [829, 1023, 0.0], [1023, 1222, 0.0], [1222, 1336, 0.0], [1336, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 44, 0.0], [44, 313, 0.0], [313, 590, 0.0], [590, 816, 0.0], [816, 829, 0.0], [829, 1023, 0.0], [1023, 1222, 0.0], [1222, 1336, 0.0], [1336, 1444, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 44, 0.13636364], [44, 313, 0.05204461], [313, 590, 0.01444043], [590, 816, 0.02212389], [816, 829, 0.30769231], [829, 1023, 0.03608247], [1023, 1222, 0.0201005], [1222, 1336, 0.13157895], [1336, 1444, 0.12037037]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1444, 0.74152553]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1444, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1444, 0.09460151]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1444, -88.29365844]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1444, -5.61793802]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1444, -2.15700437]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1444, 8.0]]} |
By Robert Saldin, B. Kal Munis
The Democratic Party finds itself in a highly precarious electoral position. Although the party performed historically well in 2022, its central weaknesses – those which threaten its ability to govern both nationally and especially at the state level – were still very much in evidence. Even in “good” election cycles, Democrats struggle to translate their typically impressive aggregate vote totals across the country and within states into seats in government. Core to the party’s struggles are its weaknesses with rural and working-class voters. If left unaddressed, the party will not only become irrelevant throughout most states in the country, but it will also continue to face difficulty – and maybe increasing difficulty – in winning the presidency and congressional majorities.
To effectively address these problems, like-minded activists, donors, and others in the broader Democratic ecosystem must come together to form and institutionalize a proper faction within the party that has a platform and brand that differs from that of the big city- and college campus-dominated national party establishment. This new faction needs to be capable of recruiting, financing, and otherwise supporting candidates to run on a platform and brand more appealing to the rural and working-class voters that the party has been hemorrhaging in recent decades. While this new faction will emphasize different issues than the national party, it need not alienate most voters within the current Democratic base. From a policy standpoint, we advocate strategic moderation on social issues paired with progressive economic populism and a strategic championing, on a district-by-district basis, of local issues that are not amenable to politicization in the national discourse.
Overconcentrated and overeducated: the Democratic Party’s chief problem
In American politics, geography matters. This reality is a problem for Democrats because it means that while their candidates get a lot of votes, they don’t have much to show for it. Indeed, despite often winning a majority of the vote nationwide, Democrats have found it increasingly difficult to gain governing majorities. Because their voters are concentrated in communities that, geographically speaking, make up a minority of communities throughout the country, those votes don’t translate into an equivalent amount of governing authority.
One cannot understate the importance of this point: Political geography—and how parties’ coalitions are distributed across space—plays an outsize role in American politics. No other advanced democracy privileges geographic considerations as much as ours; they are central to our system of representation and elections. Two of our defining representational institutions – federalism and single-member districts – were designed under the assumption that citizens’ interests vary across space and are fundamentally linked to the distinctiveness of particular places. Consider federalism. If ours was a unitary rather than a federal country, and elections were conducted between parties (rather than between individual candidates) at the national level, Democrats would be well-positioned to win and maintain majorities within the national legislature most of the time. But in our federal system, where Democratic voters are overly concentrated in a minority of states and within a small number of locales within those states, political boundaries and the proportion of the population on either side of those boundaries matter a lot. This dynamic is at the core of the Democrats’ electoral disadvantage.
Two groups are central to the party’s geography problem: rural voters and, more broadly, working-class voters. The party has performed increasingly worse among these two constituencies dating back many cycles now, with trends spiking dramatically for the worse since former President Donald Trump’s election in 2016.
In sum, the overconcentration of Democratic voters makes it difficult for the party to translate its routine voter majorities into governing majorities at both the state and national levels. This would not be the case if the party were to 1) trade a fraction of its support among urban voters for support among rural and exurban voters, and 2) trade a share of its college educated white-collar constituency for an equivalent share of working-class voters who have been gravitating toward the GOP. Crucially, however, the party doesn’t necessarily need to sacrifice one part of its coalition in a desperate gambit to regain a cohort that used to comprise its base but has since drifted away. Indeed, one great advantage of creating an intraparty faction is that it doesn’t require zero-sum tradeoffs. Creating and institutionalizing a new faction within the party could expand, both compositionally and geographically, the Democratic base without significantly alienating existing supporters.
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Independent Press
Lama Ole Nydahl teaches Phowa
Published: Nov. 14, 2012, 2:36 p.m.
Over 500 Buddhists from around the world will join Lama Ole Nydahl to learn the Tibetan meditation practice called Phowa, or "conscious dying" on November 21-25. The event will be held in New Jersey, and will begin on Tuesday, Nov. 20 at 8 p.m. with a public lecture entitled "Timeless Buddhist Wisdom on Death and Rebirth." Lama Ole is the inspiration behind 600 Diamond Way Buddhist Centers worldwide which were started according to the wishes of H.H. 16th Karmapa. They are now under the spiritual guidance of H.H. 17th Gyalwa Karmapa Trinley Thaye Dorje.
Among the topics the lecture on Tuedsay evening will cover is how developing a healthy relationship with our own mortality can enable us to live richer, fuller lives. The lecture event will be followed by a retreat in which Nydahl teaches the Phowa meditation itself. This is only the second time he has taught this practice, which dates back to the Buddha, in the New York City area. It is considered one of the most profound teachings of Tibetan Buddhism.
Through the Phowa practice, participants learn how to live more fearlessly, help others through the dying process, and how to transfer their consciousness at the moment of death to a state of lasting joy. Nydahl is one of the few and foremost teachers of Phowa and has taught it to more than 90,000 people worldwide.
Nydahl is also the author of the upcoming book entitled Fearless Death: Buddhist Wisdom on the Art of Dying, about which he states: "Death is a black hole in our [Western] collective awareness at the moment", but "Tibetan Buddhism has a lot of unique knowledge in this field. It offers amazing insights into the process of dying and explains what happens afterwards."
Public Lecture:
"Timeless Buddhist Wisdom on Death and Rebirth"
Nov. 20, 8 p.m.
Dolce Hotels and Resorts
300 Maple Ave., Basking Ridge
diamondway.org/deathandrebirthlecture
$10 for public lecture
Phowa "Concious Dying" Meditation Course
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December 19, 2017 • Vol. XLI No. 19
DACA Debate and Schools’ Responsibility
As Congress tries to reach resolution on legislation to continue the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, some board of education members have asked about the potential impact on, and responsibilities of, school districts in educating immigrant students.
DACA was a federal immigration policy established in 2012 that allowed persons who entered the country as minors without documentation to obtain deferred action from deportation and to be eligible for work permits. In September 2017, Attorney General Jeff Sessions issued a statement finding that the program was unconstitutional and urging the Department of Homeland Security to rescind it. On Sept. 5, the White House announced that initial DACA applications would no longer be accepted and renewal applications would no longer be accepted after Oct. 5. The administration set a deadline of March 2018 for Congress to pass legislation to restoring some form of the DACA program.
As a service to boards of education that wish to address the issue, NJSBA has developed a sample resolution that urges Congress to take immediate action on such legislation. In addition, sample resolutions from school districts regarding the responsibility to educate all students, regardless of immigration status, are also available. (See the resources at the end of this article.)
School Board Responsibility Whether the DACA program is eliminated or restored, however, school districts have a primary legal responsibility to educate all children who reside within their boundaries—regardless of immigration status, according to state statutes.
An analysis by NJSBA’s legal and policy staff cited the following statute, code and court decisions:
“Housing and immigration status” (N.J.A.C. 6A:22-3.3)
…immigration/visa status shall not affect eligibility to attend school. Any student who is domiciled in the school district or otherwise eligible to attend school there pursuant to [the residency code] shall be enrolled without regard to, or inquiry concerning, immigration status.
“Proof of eligibility” (N.J.A.C. 6A:22-3.4)
A district board of education shall not condition enrollment on the receipt of information or documents protected from disclosure by law, or pertaining to criteria that are not a legitimate basis for determining eligibility to attend school….
U.S. Supreme Court Decision
The NJSBA analysis also notes information on the New Jersey Department of Education website that references a 1982 U.S. Supreme Court decision in Plyer v. Doe.
In that case, the court held that “undocumented children living in the United States could not be excluded from public elementary and secondary schools based upon their immigration status.”
“Accordingly, school districts are prohibited from requiring students to disclose or document their immigration status, making inquiries of students or parents that may expose their undocumented status or engaging in any practices that ‘chill’ or hinder the right of access to public schools.”
School Ethics Act
A provision of the New Jersey School Ethics Act’s “Code of Ethics for School Board Members” states:
“I will uphold and enforce all laws, rules and regulations of the State Board of education, and court orders pertaining to schools. Desired changes shall be brought about only through legal and ethical procedures.”
School boards concerned about changes in federal practice concerning enforcement of immigration policy may adopt resolutions reaffirming the legal responsibility to educate all students residing within the community, and citing current law and regulations governing access to student records. While a school board may advocate for changes in federal policy, statements that indicate refusal to comply with federal or state law or regulation could be construed as violating the statutory Code of Ethics for School Board Members.
INFORMATION/RESOURCES
Sample Resolution Urging Restoration of DACA (December 2017)
Boundary Lines: New Jersey law helps districts sort through student residency issues (NJSBA School Leader, November/December 2017)
National School Boards Association statement on rescission of DACA (September 2017)
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June 22, 2022 • Vol. XLV No. 44
School Boards Honored at Morris County Meeting
The Morris School District earned the Carole E. Larsen Master Board Certification, and the Washington Township Board of Education earned the New Jersey School Boards Association’s Board Certification at the Morris County School Boards Association’s June 16 meeting at Parsippany Hills High School.
The Carole E. Larsen Master Board Certification is given in recognition of high-performing boards. The board must provide evidence to demonstrate an emphasis on student achievement in their board actions. To earn the Carole E. Larsen Master Board Certification, a certified board must also complete at least 10 additional hours of training for a total of 26 board credits within two years after earning its certification.
Board Certification recognizes the full board’s commitment to training and effective governance in areas such as group process, decision-making, planning, effective meetings and focus on student achievement.
The NJSBA offers its congratulations to each board. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11284 | {"url": "https://www.njsba.org/news-publications/school-board-notes/june-22-2022-vol-xlv-no-44/school-boards-honored-at-morris-county-meeting/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.njsba.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:46:03Z", "digest": "sha1:NZXZLMNDADB5WNLHUQMYYQSTHSHQ24HB"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1058, 1058.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1058, 2945.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1058, 6.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1058, 85.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1058, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1058, 310.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1058, 0.25268817]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1058, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1058, 0.13620885]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1058, 0.13620885]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1058, 0.13620885]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1058, 0.10215664]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1058, 0.03405221]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1058, 0.05448354]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1058, 0.02688172]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1058, 0.15591398]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1058, 0.57861635]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1058, 5.5408805]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1058, 4.24202471]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1058, 159.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 79, 0.0], [79, 377, 1.0], [377, 799, 1.0], [799, 1007, 1.0], [1007, 1058, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 79, 0.0], [79, 377, 0.0], [377, 799, 0.0], [799, 1007, 0.0], [1007, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 32, 8.0], [32, 79, 7.0], [79, 377, 43.0], [377, 799, 66.0], [799, 1007, 27.0], [1007, 1058, 8.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 32, 0.28571429], [32, 79, 0.0], [79, 377, 0.00680272], [377, 799, 0.00966184], [799, 1007, 0.0], [1007, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 79, 0.0], [79, 377, 0.0], [377, 799, 0.0], [799, 1007, 0.0], [1007, 1058, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 32, 0.1875], [32, 79, 0.12765957], [79, 377, 0.10402685], [377, 799, 0.03554502], [799, 1007, 0.00961538], [1007, 1058, 0.11764706]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1058, 0.00012457]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1058, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1058, 0.01605183]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1058, -84.34410232]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1058, -10.72294669]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1058, 0.99187636]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1058, 11.0]]} |
Long Stories
The new record from Amon Tobin, out October 25th. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11285 | {"url": "https://www.nomark.net/post/long-stories", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.nomark.net", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:17:18Z", "digest": "sha1:C475GPKSGDTPMB3VBHEG3FCJNZUCSBH4"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 62, 62.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 62, 421.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 62, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 62, 25.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 62, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 62, 308.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 62, 0.23076923]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 62, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 62, 0.15384615]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 62, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 62, 4.54545455]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 62, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 62, 2.39789527]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 62, 11.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 13, 0.0], [13, 62, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 13, 0.0], [13, 62, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 13, 2.0], [13, 62, 9.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 13, 0.0], [13, 62, 0.04255319]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 13, 0.0], [13, 62, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 13, 0.15384615], [13, 62, 0.08163265]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 62, 0.00058544]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 62, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 62, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 62, -3.91553443]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 62, -0.24514353]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 62, 2.37432879]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 62, 1.0]]} |
Let’s explore the issue of climate change
About a year ago, Rolands Ozols, Deputy Head for Educational Affairs at Riga Jugla Secondary School, initiated a mobility project on an issue of great relevance in recent years: climate change. The idea behind a joint project with Tartu Tamme Gümnaasium was to systematise and reinforce the collaboration already existing.
Debunking myths
The question also familiar to pupils of inevitable global climate change has become associated with various myths. Both schools had desire to look at these myths from a rational perspective while mastering working with data and identifying the prevailing views. “I believe that the main value of projects of this kind is to gain personal experience with a variety of issues. Only in very few cases projects like this produce an outcome that is worth disseminating more broadly. Generally such projects are geared towards their participants, in this case the pupils themselves,” says Rolands Ozols, the project leader.
An interactive contribution
To make sure that the project is not just a one-of effort, the pupils developed the educational content that they believed to be necessary. A list of issues to be covered was compiled, as well as two interactive games, intended to help the knowledge to be passed on to future generations in a stimulating way. It is said that the games are still being used actively after the conclusion of the project.
Around twenty pupils from Estonia and Latvia participated in the project, divided into mixed groups for subsequent activities. The project continued for one year. The pupils selected the information that was most relevant worked on it in a digital environment. Alongside this activity, there were workshops where the partiipants could learn about and analyse climate change processes. A website was set up using eTwinning software. “This was not a complete success, though, as the Estonians have much more attractive modes of communication, in which they are much more comfortable,” noted Rolands Ozols.
The process matters
Rolands Ozols found the project application form for Nordplus Junior software straightforward and comprehensible: objectives, tasks, assessment criteria, publicity. “I had no difficulty writing up this project, and the entire reporting after the project had concluded was the simplest I can remember anywhere,” Ozols sums up. Everything happened online. “On my visits with colleagues, I have been saying that I have not seen management software this simple for years. The process and the activities are what matters the most, not the documentation. At any rate, it is also a very good financial tool for collaboration with Nordic countries, as well as our neighbours.”
Riga Jugla Secondary School Upper secondary school - www.rjv.lv
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The King Of Punchlines Chino XL Props the King of NY, B.I.G.
The legendary underground king of punch lines, Chino XL has released an album entitled "Poison Pen: The Lost Tapes". Biggie is mentioned twice on his album. On the track "B-Boy", Chino XL spits:
"Me dying, I got nothing to lose
put me up in heaven with Barry White, Biggie ...
The original 'Biggie Smalls' Dies
Ever since Notorious B.I.G. made his way on to the rap scene in the early 90’s he was a man of many names. Among Notorious B.I.G.’s numerous aliases was Biggie Smalls, a name he captured from the 1975 film Let’s Do ...
Volleta Wallace thanks the fan for making B.I.G. #1 in America
The Notorious B.I.G.'s "GREATEST HITS," the new Bad Boy Records compilation honoring the extraordinary life and career of the late, great hip-hop legend, has made a triumphant No 1 debut on both the Billboard 200 and "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums" charts this week, with sales of nearly 100,000 units. ...
New B.I.G. tribute track by Maino, Chingy and Hav-Boy
New Notorious B.I.G. 10 year anniversary tribute track featuring Maino, Chingy and Hav-Boy. The track is very decent. To listen to the track, click on the link above to statrt playing the track. Rest in piece ...
Notorious B.I.G. debuts at #1 on the charts with "Greatest Hits"
For the first time since November, five of the top 10 albums on The Billboard 200 this week are debuts. The strongest of these, the late Notorious B.I.G.'s "Greatest Hits," bows at No. 1, selling 99,000 copies in the United States, according ...
Voletta Wallace Launches "Notorious B.I.G." Clothing Line
Voletta Wallace, mother of Christopher "Notorious B.I.G." Wallace, is expanding the slain rapper's Brooklyn Mint clothing line with the launch of Notorious B.I.G., a full collection of mens, young mens and boys apparel. ...
Artist "Iggs" exclusive video drawing of his B.I.G. art
Sketch artist "Iggs" emailed the site and ask us to share this video sketch with you guys. It's very impressive to say the least. He's submitted a B.I.G. drawing he did himself last year and it's in the fan art section.
You can click ...
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THESE ARE TESTIMONIALS FROM ACTUAL CLIENTS OF OURS. RESULTS IN A CASE DEPEND ON A NUMBER OF FACTORS UNIQUE TO EACH CASE. THE RESULT IN ONE CASE DOES NOT GUARANTEE OR PREDICT A SIMILAR RESULT IN A FUTURE CASE.
“S&R Law Firm is an honest, affordable, professional, and extremely personable firm. S&R provides five-star services!”
- C.A., a former client
“I hired the S&R law firm to represent me in a legal action. I was very pleased with their professional, yet also compassionate approach to my case. I never felt like just another case, and I truly felt that they cared about my situation and wanted to do more than just dispense with me as quickly as possible and follow the letter of the law. As the case became protracted, they never stopped trying to get the best possible outcome for me.”
- M.K., a former client
“At trial, we were facing a very tough prosecutor, but Ryan was able to formulate questions and pin-point small details regarding the case that eventually made the judge dismiss the charges.”
- W.H., a former client
“Ryan explained his knowledge of the law and the litigation process. He clearly explained to me his strategy for my defense and the best outcome for the case. He engaged me passionately so he can get the detailed information for the formulation of his strategy. He reassured me of good outcome during our conversations and again at the court date. On my court date, he successfully defended me and the verdict was NOT GUILTY.”
- A.H., a former client
“It was extremely clear to me that Mr. Schaefer was extremely effective in his interaction with both the presiding judge and the Commonwealth's Attorney. An excellent attorney with much knowledge and a skilled litigator which is highly recommended to anyone seeking counsel.”
- R.Z., a former client
“The S&R Law Firm as a whole comes with my high recommendations as to their professionalism, affordability, and legal capabilities. They are conveniently located across the street from the Fairfax County Courthouse with plenty of available parking. Ryan and Ben, a sincere pleasure working with you both. Thank you.”
- H.N., a former client
What Our Clients Say | S&R Law Firm | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11288 | {"url": "https://www.novadefenders.com/testimonials.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.novadefenders.com", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:01:23Z", "digest": "sha1:ZR6OK3YOP2XLYNUJCC7SWDP5DCJ4NTTS"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2162, 2162.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2162, 3997.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2162, 14.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2162, 58.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2162, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2162, 260.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2162, 0.37303371]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2162, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2162, 0.02434783]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2162, 0.04521739]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2162, 0.1505618]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2162, 0.1505618]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2162, 0.54120879]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2162, 4.73901099]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2162, 4.86959668]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2162, 364.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 209, 1.0], [209, 328, 1.0], [328, 352, 0.0], [352, 795, 1.0], [795, 819, 0.0], [819, 1011, 1.0], [1011, 1035, 0.0], [1035, 1462, 1.0], [1462, 1486, 0.0], [1486, 1762, 1.0], [1762, 1786, 0.0], [1786, 2103, 1.0], [2103, 2127, 0.0], [2127, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 209, 0.0], [209, 328, 0.0], [328, 352, 0.0], [352, 795, 0.0], [795, 819, 0.0], [819, 1011, 0.0], [1011, 1035, 0.0], [1035, 1462, 0.0], [1462, 1486, 0.0], [1486, 1762, 0.0], [1762, 1786, 0.0], [1786, 2103, 0.0], [2103, 2127, 0.0], [2127, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 209, 39.0], [209, 328, 16.0], [328, 352, 4.0], [352, 795, 82.0], [795, 819, 4.0], [819, 1011, 31.0], [1011, 1035, 4.0], [1035, 1462, 74.0], [1462, 1486, 4.0], [1486, 1762, 42.0], [1762, 1786, 4.0], [1786, 2103, 49.0], [2103, 2127, 4.0], [2127, 2162, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 209, 0.0], [209, 328, 0.0], [328, 352, 0.0], [352, 795, 0.0], [795, 819, 0.0], [819, 1011, 0.0], [1011, 1035, 0.0], [1035, 1462, 0.0], [1462, 1486, 0.0], [1486, 1762, 0.0], [1762, 1786, 0.0], [1786, 2103, 0.0], [2103, 2127, 0.0], [2127, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 209, 0.0], [209, 328, 0.0], [328, 352, 0.0], [352, 795, 0.0], [795, 819, 0.0], [819, 1011, 0.0], [1011, 1035, 0.0], [1035, 1462, 0.0], [1462, 1486, 0.0], [1486, 1762, 0.0], [1762, 1786, 0.0], [1786, 2103, 0.0], [2103, 2127, 0.0], [2127, 2162, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 209, 0.79904306], [209, 328, 0.05042017], [328, 352, 0.08333333], [352, 795, 0.01580135], [795, 819, 0.08333333], [819, 1011, 0.01041667], [1011, 1035, 0.08333333], [1035, 1462, 0.03278689], [1462, 1486, 0.08333333], [1486, 1762, 0.02173913], [1762, 1786, 0.08333333], [1786, 2103, 0.03785489], [2103, 2127, 0.08333333], [2127, 2162, 0.22857143]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2162, 0.07047641]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2162, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2162, 0.24641252]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2162, -47.36967461]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2162, 20.77211317]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2162, -80.37589706]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2162, 35.0]]} |
Study: U.S. Adults Below Average In Literacy, Basic Math : The Two-Way Japan and Finland ranked at the top in most areas of the OECD study of 22 countries, while Italy and Spain consistently scored at the bottom.
The Two-Way
Study: U.S. Adults Below Average In Literacy, Basic Math
October 8, 20131:00 PM ET
Adults in the U.S. fall behind many of their developed-world counterparts in such basic areas as math, reading and problem-solving using technology, according to a newly released report authored by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
The Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies surveyed 166,000 teens and adults ranging in age from 16 to 65 years old in 24 countries.
In each of the main areas, adults in more than a dozen countries, including Japan, Finland, Australia and Canada, consistently scored higher than the United States, which ranked below average or near the bottom in almost every category.
Respondents were tested in basic reading and math as well as "activities such as calculating mileage reimbursement due to a salesman, sorting email and comparing food expiration dates on grocery store tags," according to The Associated Press.
Among the 22 OECD-affiiated countries participating in the study, the United States ranked below average in literacy proficiency — well below such countries as Japan and Finland, but still higher than France, Spain and Italy.
In numeracy proficiency — defined as "the ability to access, use, interpret and communicate mathematical information and ideas" — the United States ranked third from the bottom with a mean score of 253, just below France at 254. Japan's top mean score was 288 and Finland's 282. Spain scored at the bottom, with 246.
Sweden and Finland score highest in the category of problem-solving using computers; Spain, Italy and France trailed behind, with the U.S. scoring below average.
The AP says:
"Not only did Americans score poorly compared to many international competitors, the findings reinforced just how large the gap is between the nation's high- and low-skilled workers and how hard it is to move ahead when your parents haven't.
"In both reading and math, for example, those with college-educated parents did better than those whose parents did not complete high school."
Participating in the study were OECD member nations Australia, Austria, Belgium (Flanders), Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom (England and Northern Ireland), and the United States; and two partner countries, Cyprus and the Russian Federation.
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Point Reyes
National Seashore California
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Lighthouse History at Point Reyes
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Point Reyes: A Treacherous Obstacle to Mariners
Point Reyes is the windiest place on the Pacific Coast and the second foggiest place on the North American continent. Weeks of fog, especially during the summer months, frequently reduce visibility to hundreds of feet. The Point Reyes Headlands, which jut 10 miles out to sea, pose a threat to each ship entering or leaving San Francisco Bay. The historic Point Reyes Lighthouse warned mariners of danger for more than a hundred years.
The Point Reyes Lighthouse, built in 1870, was retired from service in 1975 when the U.S. Coast Guard installed an automated light. They then transferred ownership of the lighthouse to the National Park Service, which has taken on the job of preserving this fine specimen of our heritage.
All lighthouses in the United States are now automated because it is cheaper to let electronics do the work. Many decommissioned lighthouses were transformed into restaurants, inns, or museums. The lighthouse at Point Reyes National Seashore is now a museum piece, where the era of the lightkeepers' lives, the craftsmanship and the beauty of the lighthouse are actively preserved.
The Point Reyes Light First Shone in 1870.
The Point Reyes Lighthouse lens and mechanism were constructed in France in 1867. The clockwork mechanism, glass prisms and housing for the lighthouse were shipped on a steamer around the tip of South America to San Francisco. The parts from France and the parts for the cast iron tower were transferred to a second ship, which then sailed to a landing on Drakes Bay. The parts were loaded onto ox-drawn carts and hauled three miles over the headlands to near the tip of Point Reyes, 600 feet above sea level.
Historic Point Reyes Lighthouse, 1870
Meanwhile, 300 feet below the top of the cliff, an area had been blasted with dynamite to clear a level spot for the lighthouse. To be effective, the lighthouse had to be situated below the characteristic high fog. It took six weeks to lower the materials from the top of the cliff to the lighthouse platform and construct the lighthouse. Finally, after many years of tedious political pressure, transport of materials and difficult construction, the Point Reyes Light first shone on December 1, 1870.
The Lighthouse, Fog Signal and Lifesaving Station Saved Lives
Lighthouses provide mariners some safety by warning them of rocky shores and reefs. They also help mariners navigate by indicating their location as ships travel along the coast. Mariners recognize lighthouses by their unique flash pattern. On days when it is too foggy to see the lighthouse, a fog signal is essential. Fog signals sound an identifying pattern to signal the location to the passing ships. Unfortunately, the combination of lighthouses and fog signals does not eliminate the tragedy of shipwrecks.
Because of this ongoing problem, a lifesaving station was established on the Great Beach north of the lighthouse in 1890. Men walked the beaches in four-hour shifts, watching for shipwrecks and the people who would need rescue from frigid waters and powerful currents. A new lifesaving station was opened in 1927 on Drakes Bay near Chimney Rock and was active until 1968. Today, it is a National Historic Landmark and can be viewed from the Chimney Rock Trail.
The lens in the Point Reyes Lighthouse is a "first order" Fresnel (fray-nel) lens, the largest size of Fresnel lens. Augustin Jean Fresnel of France revolutionized optics theories with his new lens design in 1823.
Before Fresnel developed this lens, lighthouses used mirrors to reflect light out to sea. The most effective lighthouses could only be seen eight to twelve miles away. After his invention, the brightest lighthouses could be seen all the way to the horizon, about twenty-four miles.
The Fresnel lens intensifies the light by bending (or refracting) and magnifying the source light through crystal prisms into concentrated beams. The Point Reyes lens is divided into twenty-four vertical panels, which direct the light into twenty-four individual beams, radiating out over the ocean surface like the spokes of a giant wagon wheel. A weight and gears similar to those in a grandfather clock rotate the 6000-pound lens at a constant speed of one revolution every two minutes. This rotation made the beams sweep around the horizon and created the Point Reyes Lighthouse's signature pattern of one flash every five seconds.
The Lonely Life of a Lighthouse Keeper
Keeping the lighthouse in working condition was a twenty-four hour job. The light was lit only between sunset and sunrise, but there was work to do all day long. The head keeper and three assistants shared the load in four six-hour shifts.
Lighthouse Keeper cleaning the Fresnel Lens
Every evening, a half-hour before sunset, a keeper walked down the wooden stairs to light the oil lamp, the lighthouse's source of illumination. Once the lamp was lit, the keeper wound the clockwork mechanism, lifting a 170 pound weight, which was attached to the clockwork mechanism by a hemp rope, nine feet off the floor. The earth's gravity would then pull the weight, through a small trap door, to the ground level 17 feet below. The clockwork mechanism was built to provide resistance so that it would take two hours and twenty minutes for the weight to descend the 17 feet. And as the weight descended and the clockwork mechanism's gears spun, the Fresnel lens would turn so that the light appeared to flash every five seconds. In addition to winding the clockwork mechanism every two-hours and twenty minutes throughout the night, the keeper had to keep the lamp wicks trimmed so that the light would burn steadily and efficiently, thus the nickname "wickie."
Daytime duties for the keepers included cleaning the lens, polishing the brass, stoking the steam-powered fog signal and making necessary repairs. At the end of each shift, the keeper trudged back up the wooden staircase. Sometimes the winds were so strong that he had to crawl on his hands and knees to keep from being knocked down. The highest wind speed recorded at Point Reyes was 133 mph, and 60 mph winds are common.
The hard work, wind, fog and isolation at Point Reyes made this an undesirable post. Even so, one keeper stayed for about twenty-four years, a testament to his devotion and love of Point Reyes!
Lighthouse Keepers' Log - January 21, 1888 through November 30, 1888
The Lighthouse is an Enduring Historical Legacy
The historic Point Reyes Lighthouse served mariners for 105 years before it was replaced. It endured many hardships, including the April 18, 1906, earthquake, during which the Point Reyes Peninsula and the lighthouse moved north 18 feet in less than one minute! The only damage to the lighthouse was that the lens slipped off its tracks. The lighthouse keepers quickly effected repairs and by the evening of the eighteenth, the lighthouse was once again in working order. The earthquake occurred at 5:12 am and the lighthouse was scheduled to be shut down for regular daytime maintenance at 5:25 am. Although the earthquake caused much devastation and disruption elsewhere, the Point Reyes Lighthouse was essentially only off-line for thirteen minutes!
The National Park Service is now responsible for the maintenance of the lighthouse. Park rangers now clean, polish and grease it, just as lighthouse keepers did in days gone by. With this care, the light can be preserved for future generations—to teach visitors of maritime history and of the people who worked the light, day in and day out, rain or shine, for so many years.
Visit the Point Reyes Lighthouse
Download The Historic Point Reyes Lighthouse brochure. (696 KB PDF)
Read an article published in the San Francisco Chronicle in 1887 about the Point Reyes Lighthouse.
Download the NPS Historic Structures Report published in 1990 entitled The History and Architecture of the Point Reyes Light Station.
A Quick Visit to the Point Reyes Lighthouse
A condensed virtual visit to the Point Reyes Lighthouse. Climb down the 313 stairs to the Point Reyes Lighthouse. Get an up-close look of the first order Fresnel lens and clockwork.
1 minute, 56 seconds
The Reconstruction of the Point Reyes Fresnel Lens - July 8 to July 13, 2019
A two-minute-long time lapse video of the reconstruction of the Point Reyes Lighthouse's Fresnel lens, which occurred from July 8 through July 13, 2019.
Park footer
1 Bear Valley Road
Point Reyes Station, CA 94956
This number will initially be answered by an automated attendant, from which one can opt to access a name directory, listen to recorded information about the park (i.e., directions to the park; visitor center hours of operation; fire danger information; wildlife updates; ranger-led programs; seasonal events; etc.), or speak with a ranger. 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NHS hospitals spend £2m on gagging orders preventing staff speaking out
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/nhs-hospitals-spend-ps2m-gagging-orders-preventing-staff-speaking-out-8654716.html?
Tory MP, Steve Barclay, accuses NHS chief Sir David Nicholson of either failing to ask questions about the orders or being 'complicit in a cover-up'
Hospitals have spent £2 million on more than 50 gagging orders preventing staff speaking out, a Freedom of Information Act request has revealed.
Tory MP Steve Barclay, who obtained the figures, accused NHS chief Sir David Nicholson of either failing to ask questions about the orders or being “complicit in a cover-up”.
Sir David will retire as NHS England's chief executive next year but Mr Barclay said he should stand down now because the culture in the health service had to change.
It was reported last night that at least 52 staff have been silenced using the orders since 2008, some of which cost as much as £500,000. All are thought to contain confidentiality clauses.
Mr Barclay is a member of the influential Commons spending watchdog the Public Accounts Committee (PAC), which Sir David is due to appear in front of today.
In March, Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt banned the use of gagging clauses in compromise agreements after it emerged that NHS hospital trusts had spent £15 million on silencing almost 600 staff.
But those figures did not include “judicially mediated” settlements, under which a hospital reached an agreement with staff which was then signed off by a judge or senior lawyer rather than the Department of Health or Treasury, meaning that the Government had no chance to block them.
North East Cambridgeshire MP Mr Barclay told The Daily Telegraph: “It is simply not plausible that the man who was supposed to be running the NHS was seemingly unaware that employees threatening to speak out were being offered golden goodbyes in return for a vow of silence.”
The Daily Telegraph reported that Sir David told MPs in March that he had only come across one of the orders.
But Mr Barclay said: “As the accounting officer who has presided over this culture he is either complicit in a systemic cover-up or has failed to ask questions. If he knew about them he has misled Parliament.
”The culture in the NHS needs to change, he has to stand down now. What patient safety concerns have been covered up (by these gagging orders)? How many lives have been put at risk?“
A Department of Health spokesman said the system had been changed so that all severance payments were properly scrutinised and staff were made aware of their whistle-blowing rights.
The spokesman said: ”Judicial mediation payments do not mean that someone is gagged - it is a way of resolving a dispute and suitable cases for this are decided on by a judge.
“The Department did not collect data on these payments prior to February 2013. This has now changed - all non-contractual severance payments, whether via judicial mediation or another means, need to be scrutinised by a national body and they will not be recommended for Treasury approval unless the NHS can show that they have made staff fully aware of their legal right to blow the whistle.
”Judicial mediation payments cannot prevent staff from speaking out about matters on patient safety or in the public interest - NHS staff are protected by the law, regardless of when their payment was made and whether or not it was via judicial payment or any other means.
“The Health Secretary has been absolutely clear that ”gagging“ is illegal and it will not be tolerated.”
Sir David said that “becoming the story” after the publication of the Francis report into the Mid-Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust scandal contributed to his decision to retire.
Campaigners called for the under-fire boss to be sacked after publication of the report into serious failings at the trust.
Sir David, who has worked in the health service for 35 years, was in charge of the regional health authority responsible for Stafford Hospital for a short period while patients were being mistreated. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11291 | {"url": "https://www.nutritruth.org/single-post/nhs-hospitals-spend-2m-on-gagging-orders-preventing-staff-speaking-out", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.nutritruth.org", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:10:44Z", "digest": "sha1:O3IVMOY57BXCZI7RHJNCDAITXC5S2BDR"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 4099, 4099.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 4099, 4479.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 4099, 22.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 4099, 36.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 4099, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 4099, 277.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 4099, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 4099, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 4099, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 4099, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 4099, 0.4153074]], 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NYFA Florence Industry & History
Industry & History
The Industry & History
of Florence
Florence, an idyllic city of romance, art, culture, and incredible cuisine, is often considered to be the birthplace of the Renaissance. As one of the most beloved cities in Italy, Florence boasts an array of historic sites and major landmarks dating back to the 14th century. Students that choose to work and study at NYFA Florence get a once-in-a-lifetime experience, building professional relationships with people from all over the world and exploring local opportunities and events in the thriving tourism, fashion, art, and film industries.
Florence is a major tourist destination, welcoming visitors from all over the world. While tourism is the primary industry in the city, Florence is also a significant hub for the fine arts, as well as fashion, with the presence of Italian designer brands including Prada, Gucci, Ferragamo, and Fendi.
Florence, the birthplace of the Renaissance, is a city that has inspired and nurtured artists for centuries. The first republic in Europe and the home of the Medici dynasty, Florence at its zenith was the cultural capital of the world drawing artists from around the globe.
In 2008, the Government of Tuscany and the Tuscan Film Commission invited NYFA to offer our world-renowned programs in the historic center of Florence. NYFA Florence is near the Piazza Santa Croce, which is home to the Basilica of Santa Croce. The Basilica features sixteen beautifully decorated chapels and tombs of many illustrious Italian figures, including Michelangelo, Machiavelli, Galileo, and Enrico Fermi.
This Italian hub is considered one of the world’s most outstanding cities to learn and practice the visual and creative arts, as the landscape bursts with beauty and stories abound in every palazzo and building. Florence and Tuscany have been the set for many influential movies and television shows, such as Paisan (1946), I Vitelloni (1953), Amici Miei (1975), Obsession (1976), The English Patient (1996), Hannibal (2001), Under the Tuscan Sun (2003), Inferno (2013), I Medici (2016) with Dustin Hoffman, Michael Bay’s 6 Underground (2019), and many others.
During their time at NYFA Florence, students will meet and connect with people from all over the world, establishing their own global network. In their free time, students may attend the many local events and establishments that enrich their experience. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11292 | {"url": "https://www.nyfa.edu/campuses/nyfa-florence-industry-and-history/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.nyfa.edu", "date_download": "2023-03-31T09:08:18Z", "digest": "sha1:6J2WO773N3PUQM2D3UCLKMRNXZEQLC7C"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 2438, 2438.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2438, 6528.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2438, 10.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2438, 192.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2438, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2438, 132.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2438, 0.33982684]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2438, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2438, 0.06842372]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2438, 0.02939686]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2438, 0.02939686]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2438, 0.01520527]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2438, 0.0167258]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2438, 0.02128738]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2438, 0.01515152]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2438, 0.18831169]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2438, 0.53805774]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2438, 5.17847769]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2438, 4.81892986]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2438, 381.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 52, 0.0], [52, 75, 0.0], [75, 87, 0.0], [87, 634, 1.0], [634, 935, 1.0], [935, 1209, 1.0], [1209, 1624, 1.0], [1624, 2185, 1.0], [2185, 2438, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 52, 0.0], [52, 75, 0.0], [75, 87, 0.0], [87, 634, 0.0], [634, 935, 0.0], [935, 1209, 0.0], [1209, 1624, 0.0], [1624, 2185, 0.0], [2185, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 33, 4.0], [33, 52, 2.0], [52, 75, 3.0], [75, 87, 2.0], [87, 634, 85.0], [634, 935, 49.0], [935, 1209, 46.0], [1209, 1624, 62.0], [1624, 2185, 88.0], [2185, 2438, 40.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 52, 0.0], [52, 75, 0.0], [75, 87, 0.0], [87, 634, 0.00377358], [634, 935, 0.0], [935, 1209, 0.0], [1209, 1624, 0.00990099], [1624, 2185, 0.07794677], [2185, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 33, 0.0], [33, 52, 0.0], [52, 75, 0.0], [75, 87, 0.0], [87, 634, 0.0], [634, 935, 0.0], [935, 1209, 0.0], [1209, 1624, 0.0], [1624, 2185, 0.0], [2185, 2438, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 33, 0.21212121], [33, 52, 0.10526316], [52, 75, 0.13043478], [75, 87, 0.08333333], [87, 634, 0.02010969], [634, 935, 0.02657807], [935, 1209, 0.02189781], [1209, 1624, 0.07228916], [1624, 2185, 0.04456328], [2185, 2438, 0.02766798]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2438, 0.5757038]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2438, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2438, 0.15104806]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2438, -83.94373827]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2438, 17.17775167]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2438, 77.71376104]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2438, 14.0]]} |
Workplace First Aid Re-certification
COURSE BACKGROUND
This re-certification course covers a range of topics to do with general first aid emergencies including how to recognise an injury or illness, how to provide treatment based on your findings and how what to watch for before the arrival of an ambulance.
Employees of small, medium and large businesses across all disciplines and anyone who wants to enhance their knowledge and skills of first aid.
First Aid in the workplace
Patient Assessment
Respiratory Emergencies
CPR and AED use
Wounds & Bleeding
Altered Levels of Consciousness
Musculoskeletal Injuries
Burns and Scalds, Chemicals, Electric Shock
And much more.......
This re-certification course is run over 2 days with a multiple choice question exam and practicals. On successful completion the attendee will be awarded a certificate recognised by the Health and Safety Authority which is suitable for your workplace. This certificate is valid for 2 years. | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11293 | {"url": "https://www.odts.ie/store/p9/Workplace_First_Aid_Re-certification.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.odts.ie", "date_download": "2023-03-31T08:31:03Z", "digest": "sha1:MVW5D7PHJPUHLO3RDUN5FY43EGIIPDRS"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 970, 970.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 970, 1858.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 970, 14.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 970, 68.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 970, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 970, 241.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 970, 0.4]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 970, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 970, 0.03990025]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 970, 0.06234414]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 970, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 970, 0.02424242]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 970, 0.07142857]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 970, 0.0969697]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 970, 0.67567568]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 970, 5.41891892]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 970, 0.01212121]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 970, 4.39872789]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 970, 148.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 55, 0.0], [55, 309, 1.0], [309, 453, 1.0], [453, 480, 0.0], [480, 499, 0.0], [499, 523, 0.0], [523, 539, 0.0], [539, 557, 0.0], [557, 589, 0.0], [589, 614, 0.0], [614, 658, 0.0], [658, 679, 1.0], [679, 970, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 55, 0.0], [55, 309, 0.0], [309, 453, 0.0], [453, 480, 0.0], [480, 499, 0.0], [499, 523, 0.0], [523, 539, 0.0], [539, 557, 0.0], [557, 589, 0.0], [589, 614, 0.0], [614, 658, 0.0], [658, 679, 0.0], [679, 970, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 37, 4.0], [37, 55, 2.0], [55, 309, 43.0], [309, 453, 23.0], [453, 480, 5.0], [480, 499, 2.0], [499, 523, 2.0], [523, 539, 4.0], [539, 557, 2.0], [557, 589, 4.0], [589, 614, 2.0], [614, 658, 6.0], [658, 679, 3.0], [679, 970, 46.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 55, 0.0], [55, 309, 0.0], [309, 453, 0.0], [453, 480, 0.0], [480, 499, 0.0], [499, 523, 0.0], [523, 539, 0.0], [539, 557, 0.0], [557, 589, 0.0], [589, 614, 0.0], [614, 658, 0.0], [658, 679, 0.0], [679, 970, 0.00696864]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 55, 0.0], [55, 309, 0.0], [309, 453, 0.0], [453, 480, 0.0], [480, 499, 0.0], [499, 523, 0.0], [523, 539, 0.0], [539, 557, 0.0], [557, 589, 0.0], [589, 614, 0.0], [614, 658, 0.0], [658, 679, 0.0], [679, 970, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 37, 0.10810811], [37, 55, 0.88888889], [55, 309, 0.00393701], [309, 453, 0.00694444], [453, 480, 0.07407407], [480, 499, 0.10526316], [499, 523, 0.08333333], [523, 539, 0.375], [539, 557, 0.11111111], [557, 589, 0.09375], [589, 614, 0.08], [614, 658, 0.11363636], [658, 679, 0.04761905], [679, 970, 0.02061856]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 970, 0.13469869]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 970, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 970, 0.00519907]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 970, -41.39321121]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 970, 0.51267403]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 970, -27.51321267]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 970, 6.0]]} |
Northern Ireland: Spring Break in Post-Conflict Society
By Ellie Koewler ’15
For the third consecutive year, Dr. Haley Duschinski has led students on a Spring Break trip to Northern Ireland with Anthropology course ANTH 4620: Human Rights, Law, and Justice.
Students pose outside of Alternatives, a community-based restorative justice organization on Shankill Road in Belfast in 2015.
The nine-day course examines the post-conflict society of Northern Ireland after “the Troubles” in the 1970s and 1980s, highlighting an anthropological approach to political transition, dealing with the past, contested memories, and the legacy of human rights abuses.
The course is sponsored by the Anthropology program and the Center for Law, Justice & Culture.
Pre-Departure Preparations
Prior to leaving for the trip, students met with Duschinski, Associate Professor of Anthropology, to understand the history of contention in the region. These pre-departure meetings encouraged students to research independently through journals, books, news outlets, and film to better understand the cultural landscape and have thoughtful discussions as a group.
“Before the trip, we spent a lot of time discussing storytelling, identity, and healing in a post-conflict society,” explains Business Pre-Law major and Law, Justice & Culture certificate student Angelina Moore ’16. “We discussed how to appropriately ask questions and how to maintain an anthropological lens when sifting through the different perspectives of the Troubles. During the trip, I used the knowledge I obtained prior to really dive into the complex issues but still remain respectful of the sensitive nature of the interviews. I used my anthropological training after the trip as well to remain neutral when looking over my field notes, since the trip was highly charged with emotion.”
Students visited the large metropolitan areas of Derry, Omagh, and Belfast, as well as small country towns and scenic landscapes of Giant’s Causeway and Dunluce Castle. Students were encouraged to explore independently and to engage with locals to absorb culture, history, politics, and religion of the region. Rather than being lecture-centered, the experiential learning gave students a deeper understanding of the themes and concepts discussed in pre-departure meetings by interacting with the local people and places that naturally brought the topics of human rights, law and justice to life.
These experiences included walking tours of conflicting neighborhoods, exploring cityscapes, candid conversations with former political prisoners, tours of jails, discussing conflict resolution, and visiting museums, non-profits, and sites of contention.
During their time abroad, students had to submit daily logs of their activities, insights, and memorable experiences. This exercise not only provided students a resource for developing a post-trip paper, but also demonstrated the importance and methodology of field notes.
“As a sophomore, I hadn’t had much opportunity to apply what little anthropology training I had,” says Anthropology major Samantha Rommel ’15, who attended the pilot trip in 2013. “The trip was an immersive learning experience, almost a ‘crash course’ in field methods, which I am so grateful for having now that I’m a senior. I was directly involved in practicing anthropology, but also had the benefit of learning from Dr. Duschinski, who was a wonderful model for how to conduct ethical, ethnographic fieldwork. The trip set up the rest of my years at OU, and set me on a path I never expected I’d be on! I became more involved in scholarship on human rights in a post-conflict setting, first in Northern Ireland and then other parts of the world.”
See Class Photos on Flickr.
Developing Post-Trip Research
After the trip, students met again as a group with Duschinski to reflect on their experiences and begin their final independent papers. The papers are based on academic readings and site interviews, and they address issues such as the challenges of negotiating shared space, the challenges of truth recovery, and the challenges of heritage projects in this post-conflict setting.
Several students from past trips have returned to Northern Ireland to continue research. Anthropology majors Lydia Weiant ’16 and Erin Noonan ’16 will return this summer to develop their senior anthropology honors theses. The goal of Noonan’s research is to understand how artist collectives are reinventing Belfast through new forms of cultural production and how these forms express urban identity. Weiant’s thesis examines extra-legal policing in Belfast by analyzing how individuals engaged with local conflict resolution projects understand justice and the relationship between community identities and formal legal systems.
Transformative Take-Aways
“Even though we were only in Northern Ireland for 10 days, because of the way the trip was put together, I felt very connected to the land and the people living there,” says Moore, explaining the impact the trip. It is really indescribable the transformation I felt after this trip, and I really recommend that people go. I learned just as much during the planned activities as I did during unplanned activities, like talking about life with the locals while out to eat.”
African Studies and Political Science major and Law, Justice & Culture certificate student Luke Kubacki adds, “I absolutely recommend this trip to other people. The course material is fascinating and the people with whom you meet are interesting and very capable of presenting their perspective in compelling ways. This trip is jam-packed full of programming, but you somehow have loads of free time to explore, meet people, and experience the cultures in Belfast and Derry. Both the academic content and the independent time spent exploring were useful and memorable.”
This study abroad program aligns with the Making and Breaking the Law and War and Peace thematic track, and it counts toward the requirements for the Law, Justice & Culture certificate and the War and Peace Studies major and certificate.
For more information, contact Duschinski at [email protected].
anthropology news, center for law justice and culture, global, Haley Duschinski, Human Rights, Human Rights Law & Justice in Northern Ireland, Making and Breaking the Law, Northern Ireland, Spring Break, study abroad
Students Study Human Rights in Northern Ireland Over Spring BreakMarch 15, 2016
Northern Ireland Info Session | Spring Break Trip on Law and Conflict, Sept. 23September 2, 2015
Spring Break Study Abroad in Northern Ireland, Info Session Sept. 23September 19, 2013
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Implementing Risk and Needs Assessment - NIJ Juvenile Justice Research Spotlight
Christopher Sullivan
This 4-minute video presents an interview with Christopher Sullivan - Professor, University of Cincinnati School of Criminal Justice - who discusses his research on the implementation of procedures and practices in the juvenile justice system that facilitate the implementation of risk and needs assessment of juveniles processed in the justice system.
In answering the question about his general research interests and focus, he indicates he is studying juvenile delinquency and the response to it from the perspective of age development, youths' interaction with the juvenile justice system, and how the justice system can respond better to age-related risks and needs. When asked about his primary goals for risk and needs assessments in juvenile justice research, he indicates that the goals of his research team are to analyze implementation procedures and practices that facilitate or impede the adoption of tools that identify risks and needs of each juvenile and how assessment findings then affect decisions and programming for each juvenile. When asked about key findings of his research, he indicates that although practitioners have a favorable view of tools that measure risks and needs of a juvenile, there are a number of strategies that could be used to improve the implementation and sustainability of their use in practice. He suggests ways in which policy and practice might reflect the findings of his research, as well as directions for future research.
Sponsoring Agency
National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
810 Seventh Street NW, Washington, DC 20531, United States
Publication Format
Video (Online)
YouTube 00:04:00 (Video)
Case processing Courts Intake/assessment Juvenile delinquency prevention Juvenile justice | 2023-14/4154/en_head.json.gz/11295 | {"url": "https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/implementing-risk-and-needs-assessment", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ojp.gov", "date_download": "2023-03-31T10:32:23Z", "digest": "sha1:KWZZCTHJA2D7LPIXI7HM7LPDBM26HZ6I"} | {"ccnet_length": [[0, 1838, 1838.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1838, 4191.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1838, 11.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1838, 140.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1838, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1838, 270.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1838, 0.38436482]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1838, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1838, 0.03129074]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1838, 0.02346806]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1838, 0.02868318]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1838, 0.01302932]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1838, 0.12052117]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1838, 0.50553506]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1838, 5.66051661]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1838, 4.48939477]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1838, 271.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 102, 0.0], [102, 455, 1.0], [455, 1577, 1.0], [1577, 1595, 0.0], [1595, 1631, 0.0], [1631, 1690, 0.0], [1690, 1709, 0.0], [1709, 1724, 0.0], [1724, 1749, 0.0], [1749, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 102, 0.0], [102, 455, 0.0], [455, 1577, 0.0], [1577, 1595, 0.0], [1595, 1631, 0.0], [1631, 1690, 0.0], [1690, 1709, 0.0], [1709, 1724, 0.0], [1724, 1749, 0.0], [1749, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 81, 10.0], [81, 102, 2.0], [102, 455, 49.0], [455, 1577, 178.0], [1577, 1595, 2.0], [1595, 1631, 5.0], [1631, 1690, 9.0], [1690, 1709, 2.0], [1709, 1724, 2.0], [1724, 1749, 3.0], [1749, 1838, 9.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 102, 0.0], [102, 455, 0.00289855], [455, 1577, 0.0], [1577, 1595, 0.0], [1595, 1631, 0.0], [1631, 1690, 0.14545455], [1690, 1709, 0.0], [1709, 1724, 0.0], [1724, 1749, 0.3], [1749, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 102, 0.0], [102, 455, 0.0], [455, 1577, 0.0], [1577, 1595, 0.0], [1595, 1631, 0.0], [1631, 1690, 0.0], [1690, 1709, 0.0], [1709, 1724, 0.0], [1724, 1749, 0.0], [1749, 1838, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 81, 0.13580247], [81, 102, 0.0952381], [102, 455, 0.02549575], [455, 1577, 0.00356506], [1577, 1595, 0.11111111], [1595, 1631, 0.16666667], [1631, 1690, 0.15254237], [1690, 1709, 0.10526316], [1709, 1724, 0.13333333], [1724, 1749, 0.12], [1749, 1838, 0.05617978]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1838, 0.07927513]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1838, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1838, 0.05318958]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1838, -51.30317839]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1838, 6.98927436]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1838, 1.64555775]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1838, 6.0]]} |
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