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The extraordinary Eastgate Building in Harare, Zimbabwe's capital city, is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound . Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building, which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building--the country's largest commercial and shopping complex--uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size. The Eastgate's owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning equipment didn't have to be imported. The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady, glass-roofed atrium open to the air. Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium, blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents . As _ rises and warms, it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys. During summer's cool nights, big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors. By day, smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building, to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors. For winter days, there are small heaters in the vents. This is all possible only because Harare is 1600 feet above sea level, has cloudless skies, little dampness and rapid temperature changes--days as warm as 31degC commonly drop to 14degC at night. "You couldn't do this in New York, with its hot summers and cold winters," Pearce said. The engineering firm of Ove Arup&Partners monitors daily temperatures. It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23degC and 25degC, with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November, when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night. And the air is fresh--far more so than in air-conditioned buildings, where up to 30% of the air is recycled. Why would a building like Eastgate Not work efficiently in New York?
|
[
"New York has less clear skies as Harare.",
"Its dampness affects the circulation of air.",
"New York covers a larger area than Harare.",
"Its temperature changes seasonally rather than daily."
] | 3D
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Should we say goodbye to chivalry in the age of sex equality? Chivalry began as a response to the violence of the Middle Ages. PierMassimo Forni, the founder of the Civility Institute, says chivalry "as a form of treatment inspired by the sense that there was something special about women and that they deserve added respect." Today "chivalry" is often used as a term for "gentlemanly" behavior, related to "fair sex", honor, courage and loyalty. But we can hardly see chivalry nowadays with many women demanding to be treated equally in the workplace. According to a 2013 survey carried out by the British Daily Mail, only one in seven men will offer their seat to a woman on a bus or train; over three-quarters of men don't offer to help carry a heavy bag or suitcase for women. In many cases, it's not because these men are being insensitive, but on the contrary, they say they are unwilling to help women because they are worried about making them embarrassed. These men may worry too much. According to the same survey, only seven percent of women view acts like holding open doors as unpleasant. "Men seem confused by the modern 'sex equality' message", psychologist and relationship expert Donna Dawson told the Daily Mail. "This message was meant for the workplace and was never meant to replace good manners. Men will always be the stronger sex physically, so it is natural for them to show consideration for women." So, should the acts of chivalry be brought back? US writer Emily Smith says chivalry is what we should all long for. Many people are predicting the death of chivalry, but chivalry is not dead yet. Slowly but surely, chivalry is making a come-back. Some men are not willing to help women because _ .
|
[
"they are not sensitive enough",
"they misunderstood \"sex equality\"",
"they are afraid of women",
"they had no good manners"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Li Ping is going to England. He wants to know something about English people. One day he sees an English girl in the street. Then he comes up to her. "Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?" "Of course you may."answers the girl politely. "I'll go to London. What should I notice when I'm talking with English people in London? "asks Li Ping. "Well, don't ask a woman how old she is and..." "But how old are you? "Li Ping stops the girl and asks suddenly. "I..."The girl gets angry. "Why do you get so angry?"asks Li Ping. "Now we are in China, not in England, you see" Does the girl like to answer the first question?
|
[
"No,she doesn't.",
"Yes,she does.",
"No,she don't.",
"Yes,she do."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Nino . The appearance of El Nino is known to affect the weather around the world. Scientists still do not completely understand it. Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world. One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York, Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel. A scientist of Zimbabwe , Roger Buckland worked with them. They have found that when El Nino appears, Zimbabwe has little or no rain. This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor. The last El Nino was in 1991 to 1993. That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain. The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature. Their computer program can tell when an El Nino will develop up to a year before it does. They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa, and could prevent many people from starving. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
|
[
"Scientists come to understand how El Nino appears.",
"Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.",
"Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.",
"El Nino has something to do with Zimbabwe's poor crops."
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What information supports the conclusion that Jamie acquired this trait?
|
[
"Jamie can cook food over a fire.",
"Jamie learned how to build a fire at summer camp."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
" To seek happiness is to look for it" was once said by the famous French author Jules Renard. Look for it? Sure...but don't spend a lifetime trying, especially if it's well within your reach but you're just too blind to see it. Discover the three keys to happiness that you have already understood, but that you are just too afraid to find it. 1. Accepting Yourself The idea of happiness is difficult to understand if you are not at peace with yourself. Learn to accept yourself as you are. Your next step will be to improve your attitude for tomorrow, for the next day, for the day after that, and so forth. By beginning to accept reality, you will come to the final point of true happiness. Only when you are at peace with yourself, will you finally be able to admit that you are, in fact, a happy person. 2. Forgiving Others Forgiving others is a true show of humanity which also allows us to feel more at ease. When you learn to forgive, you also learn to keep a firm hold on your life. To forgive is to open the doors of personal satisfaction. Yet you simply open your mind to answer, " Do I really want to allow my anger to grow and eat me from inside out?" 3. Helping Your Neighbors When a friend seems to be suffering from a state of depression , it's quite easy to help him or her out of the trouble. The best attitude to have in this situation is to make him or her understand that he or she is not alone. If you come to save a friend in need, you'll feel a lot more at peace with yourself. You will feel high--spirited by knowing that someone is looking at life on the brighter side thanks to your kind words. ,. The best title for the passage is " _ "
|
[
"Acceping Yourself",
"Forgiving Others.",
"Helping Your Neighbors",
"Keys to Happiness"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Winter begins in the north on December 22nd. People and animals have been doing what they always do to prepare for the colder months. Squirrels , for example, have been busy gathering nuts from trees. Well, scientists have been busy gathering information about what the squirrels do with the food they collect. They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana. The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut trees. The black walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of squirrels. The black walnut tree is also a central part of some hardwood forests. Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study with Jake Goheen, a former Purdue student now at the University of New Mexico. The two researchers estimate that several times as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels. Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way. Gray squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of places. But they seldom remember where they buried every nut. So some nuts remain in the ground. Conditions are right for them to develop and grow the following spring. Red squirrels, however, store large groups of nuts above ground. Professor Swihart calls " _ ". Gray squirrels are native to Indiana. But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture. Red squirrels began to spread through the state during the past century. The researchers say red squirrels are native to forests that stay green all year, unlike walnut trees. They say the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has helped red squirrels invade Indiana. Jake Goheen calls them a sign of an environmental problem more than a cause. When Professor Swihart says "death traps for seeds", he actually means that _ .
|
[
"red squirrels eat more nuts than gray squirrels",
"gray squirrels and red squirrels will have severe fights",
"nuts above the ground will not develop into plants",
"seeds can be traps for other animals in the forest"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When it comes to social behaviour,mammals are in a league of their own.Some birds may form pairs,or even cooperate to hunt,but the complexity of their relationships can hardly compare to those within a school of dolphins,a herd of elephants or a group of humans.What makes mammalian social groups different from a flock of starlings or a shoal of fish,is that in many cases the individuals could recognize each other.Although we may think that all elephants look pretty much the same,we can easily tell individuals of our own species apart and it has become clear through studies that the same is true of other species.Dolphins have their own signature whistles that act like "names",and elephants can recognize and greet other individuals they have known but not seen for many years.This is something that only a few species of birds appear to be able to do. Mammals in complex social groups not only recognize each other as individuals,but also they remember a lot of information about that individual.Social groups often rely on this memory--such as knowing who is dominant to whom,who is related to whom,and who has done what to whom in the past.It's like remembering who you have lent money to or done a favour for,and who hasn't repaid that money or has talked about you behind your back.You have to learn who to trust,who your friends are,and who to watch out for. All this remembering goes on in a particular part of the brain called the neocortex .If you compare the size of a mammal's social group with the size of this part of the brain,you will find they are remarkably closely related.This area seems to take a long time to develop fully and animals in which it is very large take a very long time to grow up to adulthood.During this time,the youngster has to learn all the rules of social behaviour in their group and to piece together all the relationships between the group members:Knowledge that will be needed to avoid getting into trouble. If the neocortex is larger,the animals _ .
|
[
"can live a longer life",
"have a smaller social group",
"have a larger social group",
"have a greater body size"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks, monkey tails, and salt were used as money in parts of Africa. Some animals were used as money too. The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. People _ them together and carried them from place to place. The first coins in England were made of tin . Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money. Later countries began to make coins of gold and silver. Later the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today. The word "strung" in the passage probably means_."
|
[
"came",
"tied",
"put",
"made"
] | 1B
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We often don' t give importance to minor things thinking they won' t matter. But at times, some things look very minor but their result can be really powerful. Here are some of the efforts which can change the relationship between parents and children. Pat your child when he loses:May it be failure in the class, or on the field, speak words of encouragement to your child. The trust and confidence in your relationship will go to another level. After all, words of encouragement during failure are more valuable than words of praise after success. Give him importance, like a member of the family:Hang his painting in your room or in the office, take his opinion when you are buying furniture for the house. Your child will believe in himself and be a winner throughout. Share your own experience when your child makes a mistake:When you see your child lying or stealing, share with him the mistakes you made in your life. He' 11 know it is all right to make mistakes and that he can share with you anything. Appreciate at least one quality in your child every day:Each day look at what qualities your child possesses and appreciate him, maybe for his caring attitude, his dance skills or his observation power. Tell him how proud you are of him because of those qualities. Become his age before bedtime:Jump on the bed, have pillow fights, act silly, dance--become a child with your child for sometime. You' 11 forget all your day's stress. Try these minor things; you' 11 see the love deepen and the relationship blossom. The writer introduces his opinion with _ .
|
[
"facts",
"arguments",
"examples",
"stories"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Global warming has a great influence on species all over the world. Polar bears are particularly at risk because their habitat is increasingly threatened by global warming. Lots of scientific research has shown that polar bear numbers are on the decline, and that if action is not taken quickly, polar bears may die out from the Earth. Pack ice is decreasing globally. In the wild, polar bears spend much of their lives wandering pack ice in search of food. In 2009, several polar bear deaths by drowning were recorded, which had never been heard of before. The polar bears had been trapped on isolated areas of floating ice, and had tried to swim for land. Due to the shrinkage of the ice, the polar bears tired and drowned before reaching the shore, though they are rapid and aggressive swimmers. This problem will only grow as the pack ice shrinks. The shrinkage of the ice has other consequences for polar bears. They are losing their natural prey , who are also affected by the shrinkage in habitat. Land animals also do not provide the high-fat diet that polar bears need, which will lead to starvation. Starving mothers will not be able to provide their babies with the nutrition they need, which will further contribute to the decline in polar bear numbers. While searching for food and habitat, polar bears have also fought with humans. With the disappearance of the sea ice, polar bears have begun to show up around inhabited areas looking for food and shelter. But they often end up being killed by hunters because they present a threat to human communities. The combination a deadly factors brought about by global warming put polar bears at a very high rate of risk. A global effort is needed to act against global warming before it is too late for polar bears, as well as many other species that call Earth home. The reason why several polar bears died in 2009 is that _ .
|
[
"they were too hungry to swim",
"they were not as strong as others",
"there was no ice for them to land on",
"they were seriously hurt when hunting"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
American doctors say that mothers who smoke cigarettes before their babies are born may slow the growth of their babies' lungs. They say reduced lung growth could cause the babies to suffer breathing problems and lung diseases later in life. Doctors in Boston, Massachusetts studied 1,000 children. The mothers of some of the children smoked, while the other mothers did not. Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers smoked were 8% less developed than the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke, and that the children whose mothers smoked had 25% more cold and breathing diseases than other children later in life. Another recent study found that children had a greater chance of having lung cancer if their mothers smoked. The study also showed that the danger of cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters, and that the father's smoking did not affect a child's chance of suffering from lung cancer. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
|
[
"Effects of Smoking",
"Smoking is Harmful",
"Mothers, Don't Smoke",
"Lung Cancer"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
That was one surprising finding when researchers put Stanford University students in a simulated self-driving car to study how they reacted when their robo-chauffer needed help. The experiment was one in a growing number that assesses how cars can safely hand control back to a person when their self-driving software is at a loss. With some models already able to stay in their lane or keep a safe distance from other traffic, and automakers pushing for more automation, the car-to-driver handoff is a big open question. The elimination of distracted driving is a major selling point for the technology. But in the Stanford experiment, reading or watching a movie helped keep participants awake. The Stanford research suggests engaging people with media could help, while some automakers are marketing vehicles with limited self-driving features that will slow the car if they detect a person has stopped paving attention to the road. Though research is ongoing, it appears that people need at least 5 seconds to take over. Meanwhile, traditional automakers are advancing with the technology. Mercedes and Toyota sell cars that can hit the brakes and stay in their lane. By adding new features each year, they might produce a truly self-driving car in about a decade. One potential risk of this gradualist approach became clear this fall, when Tesla Motors had to explain that its "auto pilot" feature did not mean drivers could stop paying attention. Starting late next year, the Cadillac CTS will get a Super Cruise system, which will allow semi-autonomous highway driving. If the driver's eyes are off the road, and they don't respond to repeated urging, the car slows. "We are in no way selling this as a technology where the driver can check out," General Motors spokesman Dan Flores said, "You can relax, glance away, but you still have to be aware because you know the technology's not safe." One riddle automakers must solve: How to get owners to trust the technology so they'll use it -- but not trust it so much that they'll fall into a false sense of security. Trust was on the mind of researchers who in August published an extensive report on self-driving cars. "Although this trust is essential for widespread adoption, participants were also observed prioritizing non-driving activities over the operation of the vehicle," the authors wrote. Another wide-open question: How to alert the person in the driver's seat of the need to take over. It appears that the car should appeal to several senses. Visual warnings alone may not be enough. From the passage, we can conclude that _
|
[
"the automakers are proud of the new cars for their technology",
"there are problems to solve in getting owners to trust the technology",
"automakers have already marketed cars with limited self-driving technology",
"traditional automakers rather than present ones are advancing with the technology"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the primary source of energy that causes evaporation of water from the surface of bodies of water?
|
[
"solar radiation",
"transpiration by plants",
"heat from nearby land masses",
"convection currents in the water"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Food safety will become the food industry's key target as the nation tries to adopt international food standards. The National Development and Reform Commission, the Standardization Administration of China, the Ministry of Agriculture and six other departments announced their 2004-05 development programme for national food standards over the weekend. China is conducting a rectification within two years. Inspectors will search for all known banned materials in food production. To reduce trading barriers, China will raise the ratio of adopting international standards in the food industry to 55 percent from today's 23 percent. "Safety is the first consideration for anything entering people's mouth followed by its nutritious value," said Hao Yu, secretary-general of the National Food Industry Standardization Technique Committee. He added the usage of food addictives will be a major field for consideration in setting the new standards. On-the-spot checks during the past two years have shown the abuse or misuse of addictives in food production and processing has become the biggest threat to food safety. In one case, talcum powder was found in flour products, which is outlawed according to national food standards. "At present there are no methods or standards to test the content of talcum powder in flour," said Shang Yan'e, an official with the national watchdog on grain and oil inspections. Under the guidelines, all banned addictives will be recorded as inspections increase, Relevant departments have allocated funds to conduct risk evaluations on current food addictives to fix the limits of their usage. China will adopt international advanced techniques and standards so as to find out the harmful materials in food within a shortest period. _ is the second consideration for anything people eat according to the passage.
|
[
"Safety",
"Value",
"Nutrition",
"Addictives"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which cells help to destroy pathogens such as bacteria that enter the human body?
|
[
"red blood cells",
"liver cells",
"white blood cells",
"brain cells"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Since I became a full--time freelancer , I've found one of the hardest things to do is to get up early. Without the danger of being fired, there just hasn't been a lot of motivation to get out of bed. I've quickly learned that getting up is the key to success and better yet: waking up early is really just a habit. The most important thing to keep in mind is that you must have strong reasons to get out of bed. Motivation is the only thing keeping us from lying in bed all day. Writing down all the big and important things you'll do the next day can give you an extra push in your goal to wake up early and quickly. Don't read in bed. Spending as little time as possible in bed will actually help your body realize that the bed is for sleeping, and not for lying awake for hours. The goal of reading in bed is just to help you fall asleep within 10 minutes. Stress is one of the main causes of poor sleep. Relax yourself before getting into bed. Try controlled breathing exercises or yoga to lower your stress level. These are just a few ways you can use to wake up earlier. Finding the best way is the most important, and it requires a little work. The key thing is that waking up should be a pleasant experience. If you can make waking up something you are looking forward to, you're already halfway on your journey toward becoming an early riser. Which of the following is NOT true about doing yoga?
|
[
"It is a good way to reduce stress.",
"It can help you sleep.",
"It can make you worried.",
"It will help you wake up earlier."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There are seabirds as well as land-birds. The most ordinary seabird is the seagull. It has a white body, a white head and a yellow beak. There is a very, very spot of red at the very end of the beak, underneath. All gulls have very strong wings so that they can fly far out to sea. If a gull flies out too far, so that it is too tired to fly back to the shore , it does not get frightened, for it can sit and rest upon the waves . A seagull's wings do not get wet because all its feathers have a kind of oil over them, so that when the water gets on to the feathers, it just runs off again. Gulls can even sleep upon the waves. Sailors know a lot about seagulls and they never kill them. When the gulls fly a long way out to sea, sailors say that it means fine weather is coming. When the gulls stay near the shore, sailors say they there will be much wind and rain, and perhaps a storm, for the gulls know more about the weather than sailors do. The water can't make the seagull's feathers wet because the feathers are _ .
|
[
"thick",
"long",
"light",
"oily"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When we heard that our friend astronaut Gregory Chamitorff was going to be on board the last flight of the space shuttle Endeavour, we asked him if he would answer some questions from space. He said yes! Here are our questions and Greg's answers from space. What's the best thing about being in space? Zero-gravity is by far the best thing about being in space. It does not really mean that there is no gravity. It means that we are moving around Earth in the same way the space station is moving around Earth. So we are floating inside the space station. We travel around Earth once every 90 minutes. That's 16 sunrises and sunsets every day. Really fast! Inside the station, we can fly around like superman. It's an amazing feeling, and I hope everyone gets a chance to fly in space someday to experience the wonder of zero-gravity. What do you do for fun in the space shuttle? There are so many things you can do in zero-gravity that are fun. Flying around is fun. Eating food that floats is fun. I like to play like Superman and see how far I can fly without touching any walls. Another fun thing is to play with water. Most of all, the most exciting thing to do is to look out the window at our beautiful planet Earth below. You never get tired of seeing it like that, the way it really is and it can never be seen that way while standing on its surface. What's the coolest thing about being on a spacewalk? Wow! Doing a spacewalk is cool. There is nothing more wonderful than floating in space in your own space suit. It's amazing, and when you are doing a spacewalk, you are "out there" just floating in empty space, like the earth, like the moon, like the sun, like the space station. It's not science fiction. It's real. Why does Greg think doing a spacewalk is the coolest thing?
|
[
"He can wear his own space suit then.",
"He can see the moon when doing that.",
"He can see the earth by doing so.",
"He thinks it's great flying in empty space."
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
SPACE is a lonely place. Hundreds of thousands of kilometers from home, astronauts have a hard life. It stands to reason that, once in a while, they need to have a good cry. But this is a lot harder than it sounds. We still know very little about space, and about living in zero gravity. In fact, we are discovering new things every time astronauts take to the skies (and beyond). As The Atlantic reported in January, crying is not all that simple in space. This is because when a person normally cries, gravity makes their tears move downwards. But in a spacecraft, this is not the case. Here, there is no gravity, which is why we so often see pictures of astronauts floating around. This means that, strangely, when you cry your tears have nowhere to go. As a result, they just stick to your eyes. In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this. "Tears," as he said, "don't fall off your eye... they just kind of stay there. " This can be quite painful. In space, your eyes get very dry, and the added moisture is irritating . Sometimes, things get even weirder . The astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic that when tears get big enough, they "break free of the eye and float around". No one can be quite sure why we cry. Why should water in our eyes have anything to do with feeling sad? If you stop to think about it, crying is a very strange thing indeed. And now, thanks to the wonders of space, it just got even stranger. Astronauts feel _ if tears are always in their eyes.
|
[
"sad",
"comfortable",
"happy",
"uncomfortable"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Your youngest son or daughter has just graduated from high school, and soon he or she will trade his or her bedroom in your home for a college residence hall. You're starting to worry about the coming silence in your home and are wondering how you will fill the hours that you previously spent with your son or daughter attending his or her school and sporting events. Take heart -- the empty nest "is often worse in anticipation than in day-to-day practice", says psychologist Bert Hayslip Jr. Hayslip, who has studied retirement adjustment and other aging problems, such as aging sleeplessness, for many years, points out that, more often than not, children who leave do not completely cut off contact with their parents. He advises parents to think of _ as a series of life events, instead of a sudden change. He also says an empty nest can cause bigger problems to surface "if a couple hasn't looked after their marriage while raising their children". According to Hayslip, some couples may find they no longer have anything in common once the children are out of the house. Thinking of an empty nest as the loss of children makes the adjustment more difficult. "With the empty-nest syndrome , parents actually need to deal with the loss of the parenting control over children, not with having really lost their children," Hayslip says. "They just have to find a new way to get along with their children." "Relating to their college-age children in this new way will come easily to parents as the months pass. As with many things, the passage of time heals the pain of loss," Hayslip says. What does the "empty nest" mean?
|
[
"Children's cutting off contact with their parents.",
"Children's not liking spending time with their parents.",
"Children's growing up and leaving home.",
"Children's not accepting parents' care and love."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Does technology influence the purity of Chinese language? Yes! Many Chinese use messenger tools such as MSN or QQ, listen to music on MP3 players and blog on the Internet using ADSL ,but most people don't know the Chinese meanings of the abbreviations, as many English letters have become part of the local lexicon . some parents are so crazy about English letters that a couple tried to name their baby "@", they say the character used in email addresses reflects their love for the child. While the "@" is obviously familiar to Chinese e-mail users, they often use the English word "at" to pronounce it , which sounds like ai ta, or "love him", to Putonghua speakers. "Nowadays, more and more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese, making them an important part of the modern language," said Hou Min, a professor at Communication University of China. "The abbreviations are very popular because they can be used easily," Hou said. "As more Chinese people learn foreign languages, especially English, in recent years, using abbreviations has become a trend among some educated people," she said. Some language scholars fear _ will influence the purity of Chinese and cause confusion in communication. Why do some parents name their baby"@"?
|
[
"Because some parents feel \"@\"is very interesting.",
"Because some parents think \"@\"is a lucky word.",
"Because some parents want to show their love.",
"Because it is easy for children to write\"@\"."
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Winter is coming, and some parts of the world are already covered with deep snow. The best way to warm those cold hands is a cup of hot sweet chocolate. Hot chocolate has been used for many years to treat diseases and fight bad moods. It's known as a special healthy drink from the 16thto 19thcenturies, and sometimes was taken as a medicine. Nowadays people don't consider hot chocolate as a medicine, but drink even more than ever! There are plenty of tasty and healthy hot chocolate recipes you can try to enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate. It improves your brain power The study shows that drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and your brain health. The flavonoids in hot chocolate increase the blood flow and oxygen to your brain, helping you think better. If you want to improve your memory, try drinking two cups of hot chocolate a day. Not only will you improve your memory, but your mood as well. Just make sure you don't use too much sugar in your hot chocolate.[:Zxxk.Com] It improves your mood Chocolate, including hot chocolate, is well-known mood booster. This tasty drink helps fight stress, anxiety, and depression. But the problem is, hot chocolate may contain high amounts of sugar. Consider making sugar-free hot chocolate to get all its mood-improving properties . It can help you lose weight If you are trying to drop a few pounds, drinking hot chocolate can help you achieve your weight loss goal. When made correctly, hot chocolate is a delicious and low calorie drink that you can enjoy every time you have chocolate desire. Besides, drinking a cup of low calorie hot chocolate helps prevent the intake of high-calorie and sugar foods like cakes. Now that you're aware of some of the best health benefits of drinking chocolate, what are you waiting for? Rush into your kitchen and make this fantastic winter drink. In the passage the author mainly talks about _ .
|
[
"different hot chocolate recipes",
"materials used to make hot chocolate",
"side effects from drinking chocolate",
"benefits of drinking hot chocolate"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Today tell you a series of information about how students in other countries can attend colleges and universities in the United States. Two years ago we broadcast our Foreign Student Series. Since then we have got more requests for information about how to attend American schools. So we will offer new reports in our series with the most current information. Each week, we will discuss a part of the process of becoming an international student in the United States. Each report will also appear on the Internet at www. Tingroom.com. Currently you can find the programs from the last time our series aired. Foreign students who want to study in the United States have many questions. How do I find out about American colleges? How do I choose the right one for me? What tests must I take? What kinds of documents will I need? How much will it cost? We will answer these and other questions in our reports. We will discuss the American system of higher education. We will tell about financial aid and rules about working in jobs while a student. We will discuss required tests and explain English language requirements. And we will tell where to find help in other countries. Our reports will also describe a few of the three thousand colleges and universities in the United States. We will discuss programs of study as well as living situations at American schools. For students without the ability to come to the United States, we will tell how to take classes by computer. We will also examine how the threat of terrorism has changed some of the rules for study in the United States. In researching our series, we talked not only to officials in education and government, but also to some foreign students. Most students say planning ahead helped make their educational experience successful. That is the purpose of this series--to help you plan. We would like to hear from anyone who has a question about studying in the United States. We will try to answer as many questions as possible as part of our series in the coming weeks. Send your questions to special @ voanews.com. The report intends to _ .
|
[
"introduce education in America",
"help foreign students learn more about education in America",
"advertise for American colleges and universities",
"attract more foreign students to study in America"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What science fiction once told of other worlds far away is now a fact. Astronomers prove the existence of another solar system like ours with some planets in the constellation Andromeda . Geoffrey Marcy is a professor of astronomy and physics at San Francisco State University and says, "What we have found now, for the first time ever, is indeed a fully-grown system of planets around the star Upsilon Andromeda, in which there are three planets, one close in, one at a middle distance, and one farther out." The star is slightly larger than our sun. The planets are huge, like our Jupiter . Marcy's partner in this research, Debra Fischer, describes the solar system, "Here's the inner planet that goes around every 46 days, the middle planet that goes around every 242 days, and then the outer planet that goes around every three and a half to four years." Astronomically, it's not far away, 44 light years. The sun of that solar system, Upsilon Andromeda, is so near and bright that it can be seen by using no equipment during summer and fall. For twelve years astronomers searched the skies in the belief that if our sun has planets around it, surely others do, too. Geoffrey Marcy says, "And then starting three and a half years ago, we began finding for the first time planets singly, one planet here around one star." "When I look up at the stars now at night, I can imagine easily that every one of them has planets around them," says Debra Fischer. It was the tremble in the star that led Marcy to discover the planets. "The star rocks around due to the gravity of the planet much like a dog owner gets pulled around by a little dog." Can they support life? We don't know, because present technology is not advanced enough to determine what the planets are made of. That, Marcy says, is astronomy's next challenge. What led to Marcy's discovery of the planets?
|
[
"That he found a dog owner was pulled by his dog.",
"That he believes any star has its planets.",
"That any planet has gravity.",
"The tremble of Upsilon Andromeda."
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Consumers eat other what?
|
[
"islands",
"winds",
"currents",
"fauna"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A student is organizing a room. She moves a box from the floor to a shelf. She wants to estimate the amount of potential energy the box has on the shelf. What information does the student need?
|
[
"the volume and mass of the box",
"the mass of the shelf and the mass of the box",
"the mass of the box and the height of the shelf",
"the volume of the box and the height of the shelf"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Last Friday my friend Deborah asked me if I would like to learn how to make tofu. I couldn't think of any good reason not to be interested in, so I said, "Yes". The next day I met her and another three nice people at the Hodo Soy Beanery Oakland. I enjoyed the trip. I got a lot from the trip. The following is what I learnt. Tofu has a history of 2,000 years. Although the word "tofu" is from Japanese, the food maybe comes from China. There are two main kinds of tofu: soft tofu and firm tofu . In some parts of Asia, people use tofu as a kind of meat. Douhua is one kind of soft tofu. It is a popular breakfast food in China. Because it is very soft, people can't eat it with _ , but with a spoon . People often eat it as a snack and often add spring onions and gravy to it. In Malaysia, people usually eat douhua with white or dark sugar water. ,. How many people went there with the writer?
|
[
"One.",
"Two.",
"Three.",
"Four."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Solar energy for your home is coming. It can help you as a single home owner. It can help the whole country as well. Whether or not solar energy can save your money depends on many things. Where you live is one factor and the type of home you have is another. Things like insulation , present energy costs, and the type of system you buy are added factors. Using solar energy can help save our precious fuel. As you know, our supplies of oil and gas are very limited. There is just not enough on hand to meet all our future energy needs. Sooner or later Mother Nature will say that's all. The only way we can delay hearing those words is by starting to save energy now and by using other sources, like the sun. We won't have to worry about the sun's running out of energy for another several billion years or so. Besides, the sun doesn't offer as many problems as other energy sources. For example, fossil fuel adds to already high pollution levels. With solar energy, we will still need sources of energy, but we won't need as much. That means we can cut down on our pollution problems. With all these good points, why don't we use more solar power? There are many reasons for this. The biggest reason is money. Until now, it was just not practical for a home owner to put in a solar unit. There were cheaper sources of energy. All that is changing now. Solar costs are starting to equal the costs of oil and electricity. Experts say that gas, oil and electricity prices will continue to rise. The demand for electricity is increasing rapidly. But new power plants will use more gas, oil or coal. Already in some places the supply of electricity is being rationed . Solar energy is now in its infancy . It could soon grow to become a major part of our nation's energy supply. Solar energy can help us _ .
|
[
"escape punishment from nature",
"become home owners",
"get rid of present energy",
"save our precious fuel"
] | 3D
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Vehicle exhaust contains a form of pollution called particulate matter. Technologies are being developed to reduce the amount of particulate matter in exhaust. A vehicle that produces less particulate matter would have the greatest impact on which aspect of human health?
|
[
"heart health",
"respiratory health",
"the rate of birth defects",
"weight and physical fitness"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A chemical property of a mineral is evident if the mineral
|
[
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Colton starts to pull the wagon across the yard. To move the wagon at the same speed each time, which friend does Colton need to pull with a larger force?
|
[
"a friend who weighs 27 pounds",
"a friend who weighs 32 pounds"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
As children grow up, they become curious about different kinds of things. When they are babies, they are interested in the parts of their bodies and in the smiles of their mothers. The they become interested in the physical world around them: the plants, the animals, the sky. Later, they become interested in the things that people have made: wheels, bicycles, cars. And when they are adults, their curiosity continues. Sometimes this curiosity leads to a career (, ) in science. Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world. Those who work with the earth sciences study the earth, the oceans, and the skies. Other scientists who study living things work with the biological sciences. A third group of scientists study the physical sciences, e. g. physics, chemistry . These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world. For example, they tell us why your heart beats fast when you run. They say that when you are quiet, your heart normally beats sixty-five or seventy-five times a minute. Your heart is a pump that pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood carries oxygen and nutrition. When you run, your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the blood carries to them. The muscles need oxygen, too . So your brain sends a signal to the heart. The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen. Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles. It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute. Of course, scientists cannot answer all of our questions. If we ask, "Why does the ocean water taste salty?" Scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks. Rain falls into cracks. The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask , "What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean does not get saltier every year." Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question. We know a lot about our world, but there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious. When you run, your muscles need _ .
|
[
"more nutrition and oxygen",
"more signals",
"more salt",
"water"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When a sound is produced inside a room, sometimes there is a
|
[
"light",
"electric charge",
"delayed reflection",
"video"
] | 2C
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Recently I came in contact with the true meaning of love. That would have been, Kane, a boy. Kane was the two-year-old son of Jolene, my new neighbor. At a glance Kane was a sight. He'd been born with hard sticks for legs. And on that morning I witnessed the effect that Kane's physical shortcomings had on his family. But I also witnessed much more than that. I saw an extraordinary family that embraced this special child. A family that wouldn't allow Kane to know he was different. Jolene had constructed a small cart just a few inches off the floor for his son to get around. Using his hands to move about, Kane moved the cart to "go to" any place just as everyone else was able to do. Kane worked that little cart like a master. Kane was a vital focus of the entire family. He was more than just a member of the family; he was the soul. This child was the driver, the motivator, and the founder of much of the interaction. Much later in my life, I came to realize that God had sent this child to help some of us who just weren't getting what love was all about. Even with my limited capacity for understanding at the time that Kane was a highly developed spirit with great wisdom. Kane demanded attention, but not because of his mobility challenges or other apparent shortcomings. In his mind, he had no challenges or shortcomings. The truth is that he received attention because he was alive and real and had so much to offer. Kane was and still is a lot of warm and powerful energy sent to us all, so we might learn that love surpasses all things. Kane, a fragile yet lovely baby, was here to teach us all an important lesson. And at the age of two he did just that. What can we learn from Kane's story?
|
[
"Love me, love my dog.",
"Love is above all things.",
"Many hands make light work.",
"Pure gold fears no fire."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of two sailboats. Which sailboat was moving at a lower speed?
|
[
"a sailboat that moved 65kilometers in 5hours",
"a sailboat that moved 90kilometers in 5hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
If your mother told you to eat carrots so you'd be able to see in the dark, she was right. It turns out that feeding kids carrots is just one of a number of things to keep eyes healthy. Other things include regular eye exams, and sunglasses or hats are also very helpful, experts say. While eye disease is sometimes hereditary , some are still preventable , said Dr. Ron Weber, an Atlanta-based ophthalmologist. For example, nearsightedness, "not only has a genetic component but is also influenced by how kids use their eyes during childhood," he told Reuters Health by phone. He said that extended close work, such as reading, has long been thought to cause nearsightedness. Recent support has come from a study in which people with a higher level of education were more likely to have nearsightedness, because they spend more time reading or working on computers. Another study showed that children who spend more time outdoors are less likely to become nearsighted. But these findings don't mean kids should be stopped from reading or working on the computer. Instead, Weber suggests, make sure a child's environment is bright enough while they are doing close work. Parents should also help kids get into the habit of holding their reading material at the perfect distance - about 18 to 22 inches, he said. Finally, taking a break every five minutes or so, to let the eyes relax and focus on an object in the distance, will also help. One of the most important things a parent can do to help _ eye disease and vision problems is to make sure their child gets regular eye exams, beginning early in life. "The majority of vision problems in children are preventable and treatable," said Dr. Ida Chung. What does the writer want to tell us in the passage?
|
[
"It is important to keep your eyes healthy.",
"People seldom pay attention to eye health.",
"It is necessary to give your kids carrots.",
"All the eye disease are hereditary."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What do ice, a rock, and a piece of aluminum have in common?
|
[
"They are all solids.",
"They are all liquids.",
"They are all minerals.",
"They are all elements."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Have you ever rubbed your hands together when they get cold? Why do we do that? We do that for _ . Friction happens when two things that aren't very smooth rub together to make heat energy. The faster you rub two things together, the more friction ( and heat) you can make. Let's discover friction! WHAT YOU'LL NEED *Soap *Water*Your hands! WHAT TO DO Make sure your hands are dirty. Rub your hands together until you feel the heat of your hands. Now, use soap and water to get your hands very slippery . Try to make friction happen while your hands are slippery. Please write down what has happened. LET'S TALK! Friction is an energy that happens when two things rub together. When friction happens, it makes heat! When your hands are slippery, they won't make very much friction and your hands won't get so hot. DID YOU KNOW? Friction happens when you stop your fast running bike. Ancient people made fire by rubbing two pieces of wood together. Friction happened though they didn't know it. _ Friction is everywhere. Have you ever noticed situations where friction is happening? If not, ask your parents to take you out in a car. If it is not hot, touch the tires of the car before and after a short drive to see how much warmer they get from friction. _ is not an example of friction.
|
[
"Bike riding",
"Car driving",
"Hands rubbing",
"Friction discovering"
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Steve Jobs, Apple's chief executive, made his first public appearance since going on medical leave six weeks ago, taking the stage at a San Francisco media event to introduce the iPad 2, the second generation of the company's tablet computer. Thin but energetic, Mr. Jobs showed off a thinner iPad. " We've been working on this product for a while and I just didn't want to miss this day," he said. His absence has concerned investors, especially since the group has given no details of his condition. He was diagnosed with cancer in 2004 and had a liver transplant during almost six moths of medical leave in 2009. People close to him said last month his health had been changing. Apple's stock rose more than 2 percent in the minutes after Mr. Jobs began speaking, then gave up some of its gain as he detailed the iPad 2. The iPad 2 will go on sale in black and white versions in the US on March 11 and in 26 other countries, including the UK and Germany, on March 25. The table is Apple's biggest product launch since the iPhone three years ago, and is comparable to the iPhone as the most expected in Apple's history. Most of the improvements in the latest version had been expected, including front and rear-facing video, which allows video conferencing between iPads, Mac computers and the most recent iPhones and iPods, a larger speaker, a faster processor and other upgrades. The iPad 2 is one-third thinner than the original tablet and slightly lighter, with a 9.7-inch touchscreen. It can run movies, books, games and a complete range of applications. In the US it will work with AT&T and Verizon, the top two mobile carriers. The pricing will be the same to the 2010 iPad at its introduction, ranging from $499 to $829 in six models. But Apple dropped prices on the older iPad on Wednesday by $100 across the board. Apple has made the most of its year-long head start in tablets, selling 15,000,000 units of the older iPad last year and taking about 85 percent of the market. Forrester predicted that the iPad 2 would clain 80 percent of the US market this year, or 20,000,000 out of 24,000,000 total shipped. This prediction was based on both the technical improvements to the iPad 2, and the distribution difficulties and higher prices for Apple's rivals. Motorola, BlackBerry maker Research in Motion, Samsung and others have brought out competing tablets, many based on Google's Android software. Mr. Jobs said the rest of the field was still catching up with the first iPad and their markets for applications designed for tablets had, at best, 100 small programs. This compares with 65,000 on Apple's applications store. How many tablet computers were sold in the market last year?
|
[
"about 15,000,000",
"about 17,000,000",
"about 20,000,000",
"about 24,000,000"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms. Which describes the greatest difference between the cells of a baby gorilla and the cells of an adult gorilla?
|
[
"The adult has more cells than the baby.",
"The baby has simpler cells than an adult.",
"The baby has smaller cells than the adult.",
"The adult has different types of cells than the baby."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
The gray-haired lady can't wait to leave the building to search for her dad. Unless watched, she will walk in the streets in an effort to find her father, who died 30 years ago. Not all cases of Alzheimer's disease look like this, but Alzheimer's is a serious disease that is said to be the fourth or fifth leading cause of death for people over age 75. It is said that about three percent of the U.S. population over age 65 have Alzheimer's. In the early stages, people may exhibit short-term memory loss. Some may experience changes in personality, easy to be angry. As the disease progresses, patients might lose the ability to move and may be unable to speak or move at all. This progressive disease generally lasts 8 to 10 years before death occurs. While no one is certain what causes these changes in the brain's nerve fibers , their effect is certain. Alzheimer's destroys not only the patients, but also spouses , friends and families. What should you do if you notice progressive memory loss in yourself or a loved one? Have the person examined by a doctor who is a specialist in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease? Though many reasons other than Alzheimer's disease may cause memory loss, its early diagnosis and treatment may delay some of the most serious effects. What feeling will you likely experience if a loved one suffers from Alzheimer's disease? A person will often go through the various stages of sadness, shock, anger, and so on. If the spouse develops the disease, you may experience hurt and disappointment when he or she doesn't remember you are married. Life for the Alzheimer's patients and their loved ones will never be the same as the disease progresses, bringing a deep sorrow, loss and even anger towards God. No matter what feelings are present, facing them honestly will serve one better than burying them. What can be inferred from the passage about the gray-haired day?
|
[
"She has been living with her father.",
"She was sad about the death of her father.",
"She can't search for her father without being watched.",
"She suffers from Alzheimer's disease."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Try it and see for yourself--Crossword Weaver is the leading Crossword Puzzle Creator. This crossword puzzle maker, Crossword Weaver, is the leading crossword puzzle software. Type in your words to quickly create two styles of crossword puzzles. The freeform style uses only your words. Perfect for educators, home scholars, parents, and anyone wanting their puzzle to use only their words. Or, our patented technology mixes your words with a high quality database to give you professional puzzles in just seconds! Education Discount--Get 25% Off! Teachers, parents, students, home scholars, and religious educators who are purchasing this product qualify for a 25% discount! The demo mode allows you to try the program to see if it meets your needs before you purchase it. After you purchase an unlocking code and enter the code into the Crossword Weaver demo, it will immediately become the full version. The demo version has limitations on printing, saving, and exporting. Crossword Weaver is the best program for the best price. Used by teachers, parents, puzzle lovers, businesses, newsletter editors, publishers, and newspapers all over the world! Help your students learn vocabulary, spelling, facts, and more. Easily add a puzzle to your newsletter to make it really special Quickly make gifts for that special puzzle lover in your life. New!Play your puzzles online or email to friends. New!Save your puzzles as PDF's. New!Easily export to a web site. Try it for yourself and see how Crossword Weaver can help you with all of your crossword puzzle needs. License number to unlock the demo $39.95 License number to unlock the demo plus the optional CD $39.95 + $4.95 (includes S&H) All upgrades are free. Simply download the demo for the new version and type in your unlock code again to get your new version. Crossword Weaver is used to help you _ .
|
[
"solve the crossword puzzles",
"make the crossword puzzles",
"find the best crossword puzzles",
"research on the crossword puzzles"
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Algernon's genotype for the fur color gene?
|
[
"brown fur",
"ff"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
It's almost time to head back to school, and well, it' s never too early to start shopping for those school supplies.If you have some extra cash left over after shopping for backpacks and number two pencils, then treat your kid to some cool electronics you can borrow from them later. Acer Aspire One: Netbooks are great for many reasons.Parents will love them because they're extremely affordable and light compared to the average laptop.They' re also ideal for students who don' t quite need a computer but want one to do research, check email, or just surf the Web.You can find a black or white version for the low price of $ 99. Fuji Fine Pix Z20fd: This sub - $ 200 digital camera is the perfect thing for any high school student.Available in five eye -catching color1s, the Fine Pix Z20fd is a 10 - megapixel camera.Media kids will appreciate the camera? s blog and auction mode that lets users transfer pictures between cameras, as well as the "one touch" movie recording option that allows them to edit movies before sharing them online.This is certainly an affordable camera for photo - lovers of any age Mimobot: USB flash drives are all pretty much the same, but if you want to treat your teen to a hip flash drive, check out Momobot.corn.Each drive is packed with cool wallpaper, digital magazines, and so on.You can find them in 1GB, 2GB, 4GB and 8GB capacities at the price of $35- $100. Samsung S2: Regardless of what your teen may tell you, there are other music players out there packed with plenty of great features.Samsung' s S2 MP3 player is nice enough to wear around the neck and small enough to take to the gym.It is available in five color1s (red, black, white, purple, and green) , comes in capacities of 1GB or 2GB, and is available for the low price of $40 or less. According to the passage, which of the following is the most expensive?
|
[
"Fuji Fine Pix Z20fd.",
"Acer Aspire One.",
"Mimobot.",
"Samsung S2."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Staying healthy at work isn't always easy.With all your co-workers sneezing around you,it seems impossible.Find out how to avoid the germs with these tips Wash your hands often. You should wash your hands every time after you use the restroom,before you eat, after you sneeze or cough.Also,keep a bottle of hand sanitizer at your desk. Eat balanced meals every day--including breakfast! Many people don't eat breakfast because it takes too long to eat in the morning.It has been proven that the people who eat breakfast are healthier and more likely to remain a healthy weight. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. Sodas and coffee may help you stay awake, but _ will also lead to dehydration .So you also need to be sure to drink water.Just keep a water bottle with you all the time,drink throughout the day and you will probably get what you need. Take frequent breaks throughout the day. When you feel tired,get up and walk around for a few minutes.Taking breaks and keeping your body in shape will help you feel better and make you more productive. Use your vacations. It seems that there is never a good time to be away from the office,but the people who do not take vacations are more likely to be sick. Taking vacations is a good way to relieve stress. So even if it is just a short weekend,use it and don't take your work with you. Give up smoking. It is common that smoking is bad for your health.Smokers get sick much easily than non-smokers. How many tips are mentioned in the passage?
|
[
"Five.",
"Six.",
"Seven.",
"Eight."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Are people less happy or happier when they get older? If your answer is"happier", then you are right,based on a study published seven years ago.It found that people become happier and experience less worry after age fifty.In fact,it found that by the age of eighty-five,people are happier with their life than they were at eighteen. The finding came from a Gallup survey of more than three hundred and forty thousand adults in the United States in 2008.At that time,people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five. Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study.His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five.Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. Levels of happiness were the highest among the kids and those in their early seventies. The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older.However, women at all ages reported more sadness,stress and worry than men did. So why would happiness increase with age? One theory is that,as people get older, they become more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions.They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences. Why does happiness increase with age?
|
[
"People aren't able to control their emotions better.",
"It takes them less time to think about bad experiences.",
"People become less thankful for what they have.",
"Women feel sadder, more stressed and worried than men."
] | 1B
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sitting on a chair all day in school can make anyone want to move around. So, more and more teachers are letting students have a ball. By sitting on exercise balls instead of chairs , teachers find students' posture and attention improve. Dottie Pownall, a fifth-grade teacher in West Virginia, USA, has been using balls as chairs since December 2008. "The students love them", she says. Pownall took a survey of her students. She found that 80% of the students thought sitting on the balls helped them pay more attention to what they were learning. The teacher, Pisa Witt, felt so strongly about the use of balls as chairs, she started Witt Fitt. This company encourages the use of the balls. And the company educates not only teachers but also students on how to use them. "Our products are used in 24 states, three provinces in Canada, Puerto Rico and Japan," says Witt, " Research shows that sitting on the balls makes them sit up straighter . You can slouch on a ball," says Witt, "but it feels bad." Because the students are moving, their blood increases. That carries more oxygen( ) to the brain , so the kids have more energy and can pay attention longer. "Besides, they're fun." says Pownall. What will happen if a student sits on a chair all day in school? The student will _ .
|
[
"pay more attention to his lessons",
"be fun",
"like to move around",
"sit up straighter"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
This course is for those who want to learn to type , as well as those who want to improve their typing . The course is not common . You are tested in the first class and begin practicing at one of the eight different skill levels . This allows you to learn at your own speed. Each program lasts 20 hours . Bring your own paper . Course fee : $ 125 Materials : $ 25 Two hours each evening for two weeks . New classes begin every two weeks . This course is taught by a number of qualified business education teachers who have successfully taught typing courses before . UNDERSTANDING COMPUTERS This twelve-hour course is for people who do not know very much about computers, but who need to learn about them . You will learn what computers are , what they can and can't do and how to use them . Course fee : $ 75 Equipment fee : $ 10 Jan. 4 , 7, 11 , 14 , 18 Wed. and Sat. 9 ~ 11:30 a.m. The teacher , Joseph Saunders is a professor of Computer Science at New Urban University . He has over twenty years of experience in the computer field . STOP SMOKING Do you want to stop smoking ? Have you already tried to stop and failed ? Now is the time to stop smoking using the latest methods . You can stop smoking , and this twelve-hour course will help you do it . Course fee : $ 30 Jan. 2 , 9 , 16 , 23 Mon. 2 p.m. ~ 5 p.m. ks#5@u Dr. John Good is a practicing psychologist who had helped hundreds of people stop smoking . If you want to learn computer and at the same time you want to improve your typing , you will pay _ .
|
[
"$ 85",
"$ 115",
"$ 150",
"$ 235"
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Imagine a huge rabies epidemic, where all the cats in the world died, which species would over run the earth?
|
[
"Rodents",
"Pachyderms",
"Butterflys",
"Homo sapiens"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the United States, the number of children affected by divorce grows by about one million each year. As the number increases, experts continue to debate the effects of divorce on children. Some experts say divorce is harmful to children. Some studies show that children of divorce have more problems. For example, some children of divorce are more often aggressive toward parents and teachers. They have a greater risk of leaving school before completing their studies. They have more health and learning problems. However, experts note that these problems are not necessarily caused by divorce alone. During the 1970's, many Americans believed that divorce was the best solution for married people who were not happy. People did not think divorce would harm children. They thought children would go through a period of change when their parents ended their marriage. Then the children would be all right. These beliefs have changed in recent years. Researcher Judith Wallerstein studied more than one hundred children of divorce over a twenty-five-year period. She says some children never recover from divorce. She says they often have problems with their own adult relationships as a result of their parents' divorce. Ms. Wallerstein says her study proves that parents should stay together for their children, even if they are unhappy. However, some people say that children suffer more in a situation where there is much conflict. They say it is better for children to live with one divorced parent than to live with two parents who are angry and unhappy. Other experts note that many children of divorce do not have serious problems. This is because their parents are able to deal with the situation in a responsible way. Experts say that some people who get divorced are able to put the needs of their children first. They say that they are able to show the children that their love and support will continue after the divorce. Divorce results in all the following problems except that _ .
|
[
"the children are more aggressive to their teachers",
"the children are more likely to quit school",
"the children may have problems with their own adult relationship",
"the children may experience more pressure from society"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The best example of something is often called the "gold standard." It sets the standard against which other things are measured. In economics, the term describes how major trading nations once used gold to set currency values and exchange rates. Many nations continued to use the gold standard until the last century. In the United States, people could exchange paper money for gold from the eighteen seventies until nineteen thirty-three. Then-President Richard Nixon finally disconnected the dollar from the value of gold in nineteen seventy-one. From time to time, some politicians call for a return to the gold standard. In 1978, the International Monetary Fund ended an official gold price. The IMF also ended the required use of gold in _ with its member countries. Since that time, gold prices have grown and continued to be high. But people keep buying. Some people are "gold bugs." These are investors who say people should buy gold to protect against inflation . People have valued gold for thousands of years. The soft, dense metal polishes to a bright yellow shine and resists most chemical reactions. It makes a good material for money, political power -- and, more recently, electrical power. If you own a device like a mobile phone or a computer, you might own a little gold in the wiring. The gold standard was the subject of one of the best-known speeches in American political history. William Bryan wanted the country to use both gold and silver as money. The idea was to devalue the dollar and make it easier for farmers to pay their debts. So he delivered a speech, which made him famous. He was a presidential candidate three times. But he never won. After the IMF ended the official gold price, the gold prices _ .
|
[
"stayed the same",
"began to drop",
"increased",
"increased a little at first and kept drop"
] | 2C
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The United States is already one year into a depression That was the news this week from the Na-tional Bureau of Economic Research. The downturn is the longest since a depression that began in 1981and lasted sixteen months. Economists generally wait for production to shrink for six months in a row before they declare a re-cession. But the bureau, a private group, uses a wider set of information to measure the economy. Thenews only confirmed what many people already knew: that the world's largest economy is weak and maynot recover soon. Worsening conclitions have led to a big drop in spending, especially on costly products like new cars. Even Japanese automaker Toyota saw its sales fall thirty - four percent in the United States in November from a year ago. The heads of Chrysler, Ford and General Motors retumed to Congress this week to again ask for federal aid. Congressional leaders denounced them two weeks ago after they came in private jets with no clear plans for saving their industry. This time, the chiefs drove to Washington in fuel- saving hybrid vehicles. And their companies presented detailed restructuring plans. The reguest for aid has risen from twenty-five billion dollars two weeks ago to thirty-four billion in loans and credit lines. G.M. wants almost half of that, and says it needs four billion dollars this month. It warned that without support it cannot continue to operate. Ford is in a better position, But the sharing of suppliers means it could be affected if G.M. or Chrysler fails. Ford is asking for a nine billion dollar credit line in case it needs it. Chrysler is the smallest and most trouble of America's Big Three. It says it needs a seven billion dollar loan by the end of the month. Two days of congressional hearings began Thursday in the Senate Banking Committee. The chairman, Democrat Chris Dodd, said he would support helping the automakers for the good of the economy. But the committee's top Republican, Richard Shelby, continued to express opposition to a bailout . A main root of the world financial crisis is the weak housing market in the United States. The Trea-sury Department has been under pressure to help troubled homeowners. Now comes news that the depart-ment is developing a plan aimed at reducing interest rates on mortgage loans for some buyers of homes. That could be good for homeowners trying to sell. Which of the following is asking for the largest federal aide
|
[
"G.M.",
"Toyota.",
"Chrysler.",
"Ford."
] | 0A
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tigers are terrible animals, but a cat is a cute animal. As a mother, the Chinese-American writer Amy Chua is just a tiger . Her book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother (<<>> ), tells us how she gives her two children education. She says that being strict is the only way to train a child's talent. Her kids had to obey the following rules. To begin with, her kids weren't allowed to watch TV or play computer games. Then, they were not allowed to " hang out " with other kids after school. They had to be the top students in their class. And they had to practice the piano and the violin for hours every day. Of course, she believes this has brought a lot of problems for herself and her kids. But she doesn't mind because her kids have become great. Chua says, like her, most Asian mothers are tigers because they believe their children can achieve a lot if they're pushed hard enough. She says American mothers are really cats. They care more about their children's self-respect . They don't want to be strict with their kids because this may hurt their feelings. With soft words and understanding, they encourage their children to choose for themselves. So is a tiger mom better than a cat mom? It may also depend on the child. She doesn't mind because her kids have become great. does she?
|
[
"Yes, she does",
"No, she doesn't",
"Yes, she doesn't",
"No, she does."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Phoenix's phenotype for the cheek color trait?
|
[
"bright orange cheeks",
"RR"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world. Maybe that doesn't sound very interesting. But when you're joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (www). There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people's desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself. There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at any time. Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want on the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow? What does the writer try to tell us in the last two sentences?
|
[
"English is important in using the Internet.",
"The Internet is more and more popular.",
"Most of the information is in English.",
"Every computer must have the Internet."
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Researchers are placing robotic dogs in the homes of lonely old people to determine whether they can improve the quality of life for humans. Alan Beck, an expert in human-animal relationship, and Nancy Edwards, a professor of nursing, are leading the animal-assisted study concerning the influence of robotic dogs on old people's depression, physical activity, and life satisfaction. "No one will argue that an older person is better off being more active, challenged, or stimulated ," Edwards points out. "The problem is how we promote that, especially for those without friends or help. A robotic dog could be a solution." In the study, the robot, called AIBO, is placed for six weeks in the houses of some old people who live alone. Before placing AIBO in the home, researchers will collect baseline data for six weeks. These old people will keep a diary to note their feelings and activities before and after AIBO. Then, the researchers will review the data to determine if it has inspired any changes in the life of its owner. "I talk to him all the time, and he responds to my voice," says a seventy-year-old lady. "When I'm watching TV, he'll stay in my arms until he wants down. He has a mind of his own." The AIBOs respond to certain orders. The researchers say they have some advantages over live dogs, especially for old people. Often the elderly are disabled and cannot care for an animal by walking it or playing with it. A robotic dog removes exercise and feeding concerns. "At the beginning, it was believed that no one would relate to the robotic dog because it was metal and not furry," Beck says. "But it's amazing how quickly we have given up that belief." "Hopefully, down the road, these robotic pets could become a more valuable health helper. They will record their masters' blood pressure, oxygen levels, or heart rhythms. AIBOs may even one day have games that can help stimulate older people's minds." The author seems to suggest that the future robotic dogs may _ .
|
[
"keep old people active",
"cure certain diseases",
"change people's beliefs",
"look more like real dogs"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a potato?
|
[
"16 centimeters",
"16 kilometers",
"16 millimeters",
"16 meters"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which concept supports the endosymbiotic origin of complex, eukaryotic double-membrane structures?
|
[
"Mitochondria and chloroplasts arise from preexisting mitochondria and chloroplasts.",
"Mitochondria and chloroplasts arise from preexisting endomembrane systems.",
"Mitochondria and chloroplasts are synthesized in the nucleus.",
"Mitochondria and chloroplasts are synthesized in ribosomes."
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dear Sara, Can you please help me improve my relationship with my mother? She is in her late 70s, and will probably need me to care for her in the future. I am willing to take on this responsibility but I find seeing her and talking to her stressful because I am so angry ab out what she and my father did to my elder sister. My sister was born "out of wedlock" in the 1950s. My sister's father disappeared and never turned up again. My mother loved my sister a lot even if she was an unwanted baby. But then my mother met and married my father. A few years later I was born. But my father didn't love my sister and my mother failed to protect her. We moved frequently, and my sister was not allowed to come along. She never came on holiday with us; instead she was sent to holiday camps. As she grew up, she started to use drugs and became an alcoholic. My sister is now in her mid-50s, jobless, living on benefits and mixing with a crowd of drunks. She has no partner, no children, no possessions and no company except for her dog. Her health is ruined, though she no longer drinks. I support her financially, but our relationsh ip is rocky as she hates the fact that my father loved me. She has no contact with my mother and is to this day excluded from any family event, including my father's funeral. My mother refuses even to mention my sister. I hate her because I think that if she could manage to apologize to my sister, things might be a little better. But there is ly no chance of this. How will I be able to take care of my mother with this always standing between us? Annie Why does the author hate her mother?
|
[
"Because her mother didn't love her.",
"Because her mother didn't treat her sister well.",
"Because her mother got married again.",
"Because her mother never took her on holiday."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Have you ever considered why you begin yawning too when you see someone yawn? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons in our brains. Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how, we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to ( for example: "The hand took hold of the ball" ) , the same mirror neurons were _ as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball). Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders. Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with even more information regarding how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does -- well, perhaps you'll understand why. We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _ .
|
[
"determine our knowledge and language abilities",
"control human physical actions and feelings",
"result in bad behavior and social disorders",
"relate to human behavior and interaction"
] | 3D
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Since the beginning of history, man has been attracted by the idea of living forever, of winning the fight against death and disease. So far, this has only remained a dream. Many people have wondered whether it would be possible to find a way to preserve human bodies, and what would be the best way. It has long been known that meat of fruit can be kept fresh for long periods by freezing; in ancient China, for example, food was stored with ice to keep it fresh. This method could also be useful for preserving humans. However, most living beings that exist under warm conditions die when frozen. This is because of the harmful effects of freezing ice crystals , which not only are larger than the volume of the water originally in the cells, but also form sharp cutting shapes that harm the cells. In the 1940s Dr B.J. Luyet and a group of scientists in England were working on the problem of freezing cells without damaging them. Since the harm caused by ice crystals was the main cause of damage, Luyet suggested removing some or all of the water from the cells before freezing them. Using living cells form chicken, Luyet and his assistants discovered that they could partly dry the chicken cells, using a mixture of the white part of an egg and glycerin . Some success was obtained. The chicken cells were dried, frozen for a period of time, and then carefully unfrozen. Almost all the cells recovered when they reached normal temperatures. Since then, the cooling of whole animals to a temperature far below freezing point for later unfreezing has become more of a possibility, and the glycerin method would probably be used to accomplish this. When this can be done completely and successfully, science will have moved much closer to its aim of freezing and storing incurable patients until the day they can be cured. According to the text, freezing _ .
|
[
"is harmful to living cells",
"is the best way of preserving food",
"reduces the volume of water in living cells",
"is a way of removing water from living cells"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a leather belt?
|
[
"80 meters",
"80 millimeters",
"80 centimeters",
"80 kilometers"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Animals use resources in the environment to survive. Which of the following resources does an animal use for energy?
|
[
"air",
"food",
"shelter",
"water"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
While it may be unlikely for a computer to write a best seller, a technology expert has created a computer program that writes its own fiction stories with minimal user input. The program, called MEXICA, is the first to generate original stories based on computerized representations of emotions and tensions between characters. An Internet survey was carried out to see the popularity of the computer-generated stories, other computerized stories and stories written solely by a human. The result was that readers ranked MEXICA stories highest for flow and coherence, structure, content, suspense and overall quality. Rafael Perezy Perez, the creator of MEXICA, explained that a story might begin with something as basic as, "The enemy wounded the knight. The princess cured the knight. The knight killed the enemy. The knight rewarded the princess. The end." The program reads characters as variables and assigns a numerical value, between a continuum from -3 to +3, to emotional connections that are defined as either amorous or non-amorous. The numerical value is equivalent to the degree of emotion, with -3 being intense hate and +3 being intense love. The program also understands story tension, such as linking the word "wounded" with tension. This too is assigned a numerical value. Once these clusters of emotional links and tensions are established, the program begins what is called an "engagement reflection cycle". Basically this involves searching a database of story actions and other happenings, which are called "atoms", and determines the best match for the characters and contexts for that moment. The process repeats itself again and again until the system can no longer make any matches. At this point, the computer analyzes the story for coherence and "interestingness". The program views a story as interesting when tension levels increase and fall throughout the piece. If the program finds that the story is boring or incoherent in places, it will replace or insert atoms until a version is thought to be satisfactory. What are "atoms" understood by the computer system?
|
[
"The tensions preset for the story.",
"The characters designed for the story.",
"Episodes of action of the story.",
"Events becoming of the characters."
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
With their weakening bodies, advanced age or increasing pressure of work or study, people have been advised and usually persuaded to have health care products. Do you remember your first time to take a nutritional supplement ? What was your first impression? Posted by Amy, Dec.23, 2010 8:05 P.M. Madeline on Dec.24, 2010 7:25 P.M. Years ago, as a young mom with two small children, I struggled to keep up with the demands of a busy life. One day, I woke up feeling so tired that I knew something had to change! A friend gave me some Royal Jelly--an amazing substance from the beehive .I was doubtful, but desperate...so I tried it! In time, I began to experience renewed energy like never before! Now, over two decades later, I travel all round the country, sharing my lifechanging experience. I'm grateful for the energy to keep up and love to share this wonderful discovery with others. Blanca on Dec.25, 2010 7:02 P.M. Ten years ago, when I was 73, my mind wanted to be busy and useful, but my body didn't. I became very tired. That's when my daughter Madeline tried to persuade me to try her special Royal Jelly. It made great difference in her life, so she was sure it could help me too! Hesitating for 2 days, I gave in. She was right! I no longer felt worn out. I had a new, youthful eagerness for life and I've been OK--thanks to Royal Jelly! Lori on Dec.25, 2010 10:27 P.M. When my mom Madeline was introduced to Royal Jelly, it affected my life, too! Mom gave me some of her fantastic Royal Jelly. Boy, things did turn around! I had more energy and _ and was finally able to keep up with high school and, eventually, college activities. Today, I'm a busy mom in my mid thirties with two active boys and a new business! I have enough energy to do it all! I'm glad I took my Mom's advice. Where can we most probably read this text?
|
[
"In a health club.",
"On an Internet page.",
"In a book review.",
"In a health report."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dawn brought a chocolate bar for lunch, but the chocolate melted in her backpack. Dawn wants to perform a scientific investigation to determine the reason her chocolate bar melted in her backpack. Which hypothesis should Dawn use for her investigation?
|
[
"Chocolate will taste better when melted.",
"Chocolate will taste the same even when melted.",
"If the chocolate is broken then the chocolate will melt.",
"If heat is added to chocolate then the chocolate will melt."
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Winnee's phenotype for the wool color trait?
|
[
"white wool",
"black wool"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A tropical rain forest is an amazing place. Thousands of different kinds of plants and animals make their homes there. Some are not found anywhere else in the world. If the rain forests are not protected, some species of plants and animals could disappear forever, taking their resources with them. Scientists have known for a long time that medical cures can come from plants. The rain forest is the perfect habitat for various types of plants. They compete for space, sunlight, water, and nutrients. The plants that survive are strong. They also contain many types of chemicals. These chemicals are part of the plants' defence system. They can help protect the plants from bacteria, insects, diseases, and other threats. Experts believe that some of these chemicals might be useful to human beings, too. The native people of the rain forests have healers who help those who are sick. For hundreds of years, they have known which leaves, roots, and berries can be used to treat different illnesses. Western scientists have begun working with these native healers. They learn about different plants, cures, and treatments. Then, they can perform tests on the plants to see what chemicals they contain and how they might be used. When they do find something important, it goes through more and more tests. Lots of experiments must be done over a long period of time before something can be safely sold as a drug. Scientists want to be sure that it works and that the risk of using it isn't too high. American scientists have set up labs in the countries where the rain forests are. They do studies and research there. They also employ scientists and workers who live in these countries to help them. This allows the local people to benefit from research on the rain forests. They can make money from the rain forest without destroying it, which is very important. If the rain forest is valuable to them, they will help protect it. The more people who are trying to protect the rain forests, the better. Just imagine the cures that might be found there! Drugs need to be tested before being sold mainly because_.
|
[
"they are made from plants",
"they may contain other nutrients",
"scientists don't know their use or effect",
"scientists need to be sure they're safe for use"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Because plants cannot move or talk, most people believe that they have no feelings and that they cannot receive signals from outside. However, this may not be completely true. People who studied plants have found out that plants carry a small electrical charge . It is possible to measure this charge with a small piece of equipment called "galvanometer". The galvanometer is placed on a leaf off the plant, and it records any changes in the electrical field of the leaf. Humans have a similar field which can change when we are shocked or frightened. A man called Backster used a galvanometer for his studies of plants and was very surprised at his results. He found that if he had two or more plants in a room and he began to destroy one of them - perhaps by pulling off its leaves or by pulling it out of its pot - then the galvanometer on the leaves of the other plants showed a change in the electrical field. It seemed as if the plants were signalling a feeling of shock. This happened not only when Backster started to destroy plants, but also when he destroyed other living things such as insects . Backster said that the plants also knew if someone had destroyed a living thing some distance away, because they signalled when a man who had just cut down a tree entered the room. Another scientist, named Sauvin, achieved similar results to Backster's. He kept galvanometers fixed to his plants all the time and checked regularly to see what the plants were doing. If he was out of the office, he telephoned to find out about the signals the plants were sending. In this way, he found that the plants were sending out signals at the exact times when he felt strong pleasure or pain. In fact, Sauvin could cause a change in the electrical field of his plants over a distance of a few miles simply by thinking about them. The scientist called Sauvin _ .
|
[
"did not agree with Backster's ideas",
"did not get the same sort of results as Backster did",
"got different results from Backster's",
"found out some of the same things that Backster did"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which characteristic would be most important for a plant to have to become a pioneer plant on a recovering beach?
|
[
"ability to grow very large",
"long roots to find water",
"resistant to disturbances",
"big leaves to catch sunlight"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which likely can hydrate without moving?
|
[
"a panda",
"a bamboo stalk",
"a raccoon",
"a dog"
] | 1B
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A lone fox is searching for its next meal in a meadow that used to be bountiful with food. This season, though, rabbits have all been eaten up and the field is dry and barren. The fox may
|
[
"fly",
"say something",
"hibernate",
"starve"
] | 3D
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There is good news for old people with Alzheimer's disease . As we know, people who have Alzheimer's disease may get lost easily. Sometimes they can't find the way to their home. All the family members must be worried about their safety. Now, some has invented GPS-enabled walking shoes. The shoes are very special and useful. They can help people find old people easily, wherever they go. These walking shoes are especially important for people who are in the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease. According to the research, such old people have the highest danger. Let's see some terrible facts. About 60c/o of patients with Alzheimer's disease get lost for days when they go for a walk. Up to half of those who are lost and not found within 24 hours can die outside. If old people wear such shoes , you needn't worry about that. These shoes can help their families to find _ easily if they are lost. So you see, the shoes can ensure old people's safety. These walking shoes are equipped with a GPS device in the heel. The shoes are very comfortable and they look like the shoes that many old people wear. The GPS-enabled walking shoes have a great advantage. Of course, the shoes are suitable for children .Parents can ask them to wear such shoes. Then they can find their children easily. But some children have different ideas. Sometimes, they don't want their parents to know where they are. What will they do? Well... some children say that they will take them off and put them at home. What does this passage mainly talk about?
|
[
"People who have Alzheimer's disease can't find the way to their home sometimes.",
"The GPS-enabled walking shoes can help us find the old or the children easily.",
"The GPS-enabled walking shoes look like the shoes that many old people wear.",
"We can see the GPS-enabled walking shoes easily wherever we go around the world."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long does it take for Earth to rotate on its axis seven times?
|
[
"one day",
"one week",
"one month",
"one year"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
An astronaut's work may sound exciting, but living in space isn't as fun as you think. The website www.space.com lists the disadvantages of living in space. Here are some of them. When astronauts work outside the station during spacewalks, they have to wear special gloves. The gloves are very tight. They can hurt the astronauts' fingernails and even make them fall off. In space, you don't have many choices in what you eat. It's hard to get fresh fruits and vegetables. It is not OK to eat bread because it leaves crumbs . Crumbs could fly around everywhere. In space, it is impossible to have a good shower because water can fly all over the ship and break the machines. Astronauts have to use a special water-shooting gun and a washcloth. Astronauts lose their bone strength quickly during their stay in space. So far, there is no way to solve this problem. They do exercise while they're in space to try to keep their bones strong as long as possible. Perhaps the hardest part of life in space is the feeling of loneliness. Astronauts sometimes have to spend weeks and even months away from Earth. They miss their friends and families. People often think the life in space is _ .
|
[
"terrible",
"lonely",
"hard",
"fun"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A new study suggests that sad music might actually arouse positive emotions. The finding helps to explain why people enjoy listening to sad music, say Ai Kawakami and her colleagues from Tokyo University of the Arts and the RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Japan. Ai Kawakami and her colleagues asked 44 volunteers, including both musicians and nonspecialists, to listen to two pieces of sad music and one piece of happy music. Each participant was required to use a set of keywords to rate both their perception of the music and their own emotional state. The sad pieces of music included Glinka's La Separation in F minor and Blumenfeld's Etude Sur Mer in G minor. The happy music piece was Granados's Allegro de Concierto in G major. To control the "happy" effect of major key, they also played the minor key pieces in major key, and vise versa. The researchers explained that sad music aroused contradictory emotions because the participants of the study tended to feel sad to be more tragic and less romantic than they felt themselves while listening to it. " In general, sad music causes sadness in listeners, and sadness is regarded as an unpleasant emotion. If sad music actually arouses only unpleasant emotion, we would not listen to it," the researchers wrote in the study. "Music that is believed as sad actually causes romantic emotion as well as sad emotion.And people, regardless of their musical training, experience this ambivalent emotion to listen to the sad music," added the researchers. Also, unlike sadness in daily life, sadness experienced through art actually feels pleasant, possibly because the latter does not cause an actual threat to our safety. This could help people to deal with their negative emotions in daily life, concluded the authors. "Emotion experienced by music has no direct danger or harm unlike the emotion experienced in everyday life. Therefore, we can even enjoy unpleasant emotion such as sadness. If we suffer from unpleasant emotion aroused through daily life, sad music might be helpful to negative emotion," they added. We can learn from the passage that _ .
|
[
"sad music only causes sadness in listeners",
"Only musicians were invited to take part in the survey",
"The volunteers were asked to listen to three pieces of music in all",
"Granados's Allegro de Concierto in G major can cause positive emotions"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say that's exactly what it does. In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin , a chemical that helps us sleep. However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroom--even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone--could disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes. "This is particularly worrisome in populations such as young adults and adolescents, who already tend to be _ ," said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute."Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, selfharm, low concentration and poor performance at school," she added. While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking it's still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on melatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph. Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light. According to the passage, we can know _ .
|
[
"it's a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into night",
"scientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPads",
"darkness makes a great impact on the amount of melatonin",
"the sun was the only source of light in ancient times"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Using nonrenewable resources for energy produces waste products that can have long-term, negative effects on Earth's subsystems. Which energy source produces waste products that can have these effects for the longest amount of time?
|
[
"natural gas",
"uranium",
"crude oil",
"coal"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
We have proof that you become what you eat. When you know the effects of different types of food, you can use your knowledge well and eat what you want to become. Food has an impact on our physical and mental health. Have you ever heard any of the following advice? Lettuce or milk can make you sleepy. To stop feeling sleepy you should eat peanuts or dried fish. Everyone has their own advice to give, which they have read about or have been told by older relatives. Some of these pieces of advice seem to _ each other. Eating chocolate makes you fat and gives you spots. Chocolate contains the essential minerals: iron and magnesium . What we need to figure out is what type of chocolate to eat to get the benefits and how much of it to eat. We can do this by reading the list of ingredients on the chocolate bar package. Exactly how much real chocolate is in there? And how much of that do we need to eat to get the benefits of the minerals it contains? Future restaurants might be named after the physical or mental state they hope to create. Their menus will list the benefits of each dish and drink. Some restaurants have already started this concept, and list the nutritional content of their dishes on the menus. Let's take the restaurant "Winners" as an example. Their menu would list dishes specifically designed to help you win sports competitions. Or you could choose the Go-faster salad, which is a large bowl of mixed raw vegetables in a light salad dressing, giving you energy without making you gain weight. And what kind of dishes do you think would be on the menu at the "Clever Cafe"? So what's going to happen to hamburgers and biscuits? Will the concept of eating food, because it's tasty, go out of fashion? Of course not! Junk food is also changing. If ice-cream is not good for children, can't we give them fat-free, sugar-free tofu ice-cream? Unhealthy food is going out of fashion, so brands are changing. We are told not to drink cola because of the sugar and caffeine content so cola companies are making sugar-free and caffeine-free drinks. We are told dried fruit is a healthier snack than biscuits so some biscuit companies are making biscuits with added vitamins. The concept of eating tasty food will not go out of fashion because _ .
|
[
"the junk food companies are changing their brand names",
"biscuit companies are making dried fruit",
"junk food will become healthier than before",
"Cola companies are still making cola"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The deadly earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan on March 11 damaged two nuclear power stations. Officials are now working to prevent dangerous radiation from poisoning the air in the area surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi plant. The Japanese government has ordered people living within 12 and a half miles of the plant to , and asked those living 12 and a half to 20 miles away to stay indoors. Nuclear power plants create energy using a chemical reaction that produces large amounts of heat. Reactors in Japan have many long, thin rods, called fuel rods , which must be kept cool. If the reactor's fuel rods aren't cooled, the reaction can burn out of control. That's what happened at the two Japanese plants after the quake caused a power failure and the cooling systems malfunctioned . This overheating could cause radiation to escape and sicken many people. Japan's 54 nuclear reactors are built to withstand the many small or moderate earthquakes the country faces each year. But Friday's earthquake was one of the most severe earthquakes ever recorded. People exposed to unsafe levels of radiation have a higher than normal risk of getting cancer. The Japanese government has been distributing potassium iodide pills to people in the surrounding areas to protect those who may have come in contact with radiation from the power plant. The pills flood the body with healthy potassium iodide. The potassium iodide works to crowd out "bad" iodine in the body that may have been poisoned by radiation. On Tuesday morning, 750 workers left the Fukushima Daiichi plant. However, 50 workers stayed behind to use sweater to cool the fuel rods. These dedicated employees are risking their own lives to save many others. On Thursday, officials used helicopters, fire trucks, and water cannons to spray water on the reactors to cool the fuel rods. But it's not clear whether these efforts were successful. Officials are now working on a power line to restore electricity to the plant. They hope this will help restart the plant's cooling system and stop the fuel rods from leaking radiation. What can we learn from the text?
|
[
"The local people are scared and ready to run away.",
"The earthquake led to many deaths and caused damage to roads.",
"The Japanese government has found a kind of pill that can treat cancer.",
"The two stations were damaged because their cooling systems didn't work."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We often hear people say, "I have a good memory for things like that" or "I can remember names". But do you know memory is the single most important thing and it has played a very important part? For early men, there were dangerous all around them--bad weather, wild animals. The key to keep on living lay in man's ability to remember these dangers and the ways he had dealt with them in the past. In order for memories to be stored, the human brain became more complex. And as man learned how to deal with them, he became civilized . Surprisingly, scientists today understand little about memory and how it works. They have not yet found a way to open up the brain and observe its function without destroying it. Perhaps there are two types of memory: short-term and long-term. Short-term refers to those facts that stay with us for a few seconds to a few hours. For instance, when you stay at a hotel, you remember the room number and forget as soon as you leave. Long-term memory, on the other hand, means you remember things for a long period of time. If you spend your honeymoon in a particular hotel, it's likely that you'll remember your stay quite clearly. Scientists also believe that a short-term memory can become a long-term memory through consolidation . A lot of chemical and physical changes take place in the part of the brain. Although the human brain weighs three pounds, it contains 30 billion nerve cells acting like a computer. When those changes strengthen the links in certain nerve cells, a thought becomes part of the long-term memory. So far the great discovery scientists have made about the function of brain is _
|
[
"the weight of brain",
"two types of memory",
"30 billion nerve cells",
"chemical and physical changes"
] | 3D
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It's 4 am, and Danilo C. Dequina is already awake. Holding a flashlight and a bucket, he is walking in the pre-dawn darkness along the shore of Old Poblacion Beach in the town of Maitum, Sarangani, in the far south of the Philippines. A few minutes later, he spots a patch of sand that appears to have been disturbed by a turtle. Dequina studies the area carefully, figuring out where the eggs have been buried, and then starts digging slowly. After clearing away several centimeters of sand, he uncovers a large group of eggs, roughly the size of ping-pong balls. He picks them up and puts them in the bucket. Dequina carries the eggs to his hatchery , some 50 meters away from the seashore. The hatchery is really just a sandy patch of land under the coconut trees enclosed by a black fence. It is here that he buries the turtle eggs he has collected. Today, Dequina scoops a hole, puts the eggs in it, and covers them with sand. After 45 to 70 days, the eggs will hatch. Dequina will then carry the hatchlings to the shore, and release them into the sea. He admits to feeling sorrow as he sets the hatchlings free -- most are hunted down by natural predators, and just one percent survive to adulthood. According to the Philippine Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), eight species of sea turtles face extinction, including four that come to the shores of Sarangani to lay their eggs -- the Hawksbill, Olive Ridley, Loggerhead and Green Turtles. After learning about their plight , Dequina attended a DENR training session on turtle conservation and decided to take action. He helped the local government to set up the Pawikan Nesting Sanctuary next to his house in 2003. The hatchery drew the attention of the locals. "They started to change their attitudes towards sea turtles," 52-year-old Dequina says. "If they see turtle eggs, they will either bring them to me or inform me of the nesting places." Over the past ten years, more than 3,000 hatchlings have been released to the ocean. What do we learn from the passage?
|
[
"Dequina feels sad when he releases hatchlings.",
"Dequina has worked for the hatchery for six years.",
"The hatchery is far from Dequina's house.",
"The hatchery mainly protects injured turtles."
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which item is used for protection from chemical splashing?
|
[
"compass",
"hand lens",
"microscope",
"safety goggles"
] | 3D
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some people think that they will get ill if they use their brains too much. It is not true. Through many researches, scientists show us that the more you use your brains, the better they will be, and the wiser you will become. Of course, if you want to keep your mind clear and be energetic , you must take a proper rest and study properly. To the teenagers, using their brains in the morning is good for their health. There are many ways to rest. One is a peaceful rest. Sleep is a peaceful rest. Another is an active rest. For example, take a walk outdoors, do morning exercises every day. To change the way of the brains'activities is also a good way to rest. In everyday life, to eat some eggs, meat, fresh vegetable and fruit is also good for the brains. Wish you a wise man and a happy life. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
|
[
"Illness comes from the fact that the brains are used too much.",
"Fruits are the most important for the brains.",
"The brains will be better if they are used often.",
"Sleep is the only way of having a rest."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Over a long period of time, a rocky volcanic island that previously did not support any form of life got transformed into a dense forested region. Which of these species is most likely to have been the pioneer species that initiated this transformation?
|
[
"ferns",
"grasses",
"lichens",
"mushrooms"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The South Korean Ministry of education is investing $ 2.4 billion into making the country's school system completely digital. The plan is to get rid of textbooks and replace them with digital learning materials stored in a central database, which students would get into with PCs. Though some digital education programs have been tried in the U.S. and other countries, few can match the South Korean plan. While it will certainly be interesting to spread out, a completely paperless school system will surely stand for other countries to follow. Perhaps the digital learning revolution will have its start in Seoul. The digital developments have improved our personal lives. It was a matter of time before they would finally have an effect on other fields. It's an exciting time in education--whether you're a CEO setting plans for growth, an IT expert making new technology decisions or an educator giving lively courses. All of us are connected by the movement of a more digital campus. Today's generation has integrated web-based technology into their daily lives. Expectations are forming: lively content-anytime, anywhere and on any equipment. And those expectations aren't just for fun--they're spreading into the educational space as well. Expanding our digital footprint isn't just an excitement-it's a necessity. And CEOs and IT experts aren't the only ones feeling the pressure to improve--educators are as well. More and more studies report a change from teaching to learning--moving away from giving lectures of facts to encouraging skills of self-study, analysis and learning paths ; from courses built using a single textbook to numbers of available publisher materials ; and from dull content to lively digital advantages that connect the learners, providing real-time response. Students aren't the only ones benefiting from this change. Educators can now easily build lively online courses while increasing student outcomes. The use of digital technology in education is _
|
[
"a success for teachers and students to make friends",
"a revolution of teaching to learning with many advantages",
"an advance to attract more students to learn IT knowledge",
"an improvement in making more companies to support schools"
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Alzheimer's disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer's disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer's disease is not confined to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease. At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be "getting old". The disease was thought to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer's disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic disease that destroys brain cells. Alzheimer's disease affects the patient's memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking, then the patient's memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, numbers, names and plans. As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior. In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk. Scientists don't know exactly what causes Alzheimer's disease. It may be caused by a virus .It may be caused by a poisonous substance in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease. The press of Alzheimer's disease can be slowed by _ .
|
[
"operation",
"a change in environment",
"medicines",
"physical treatment and exercise"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following distinguishes the organisms in the kingdom Fungi from other eukaryotic organisms?
|
[
"Fungi are unicellular.",
"Fungi reproduce sexually.",
"Fungi obtain nutrients by absorption.",
"Fungi make food through photosynthesis."
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Drinking green tea is known to be good for you. Some people suggest drinking 2-3 cups of it a day, and I would say at least one is highly advisable. As many people have already known, tea is filled with powerful antioxidants that will help stop free radicals . Free radicals are harmful to our systems in that they can lead to cell and DNA change, even cell death, and can lead to cancer. Green tea has been drunk throughout Thailand, China, India and Japan for centuries. It is known in these places that green tea can help improve digestion and mental clearness and lower one's blood sugar. It can also help control bleeding, so that injuries can be cured more quickly. Some studies even suggest that drinking green tea on a regular basis can help a person lose weight. Green tea can help a person feel fuller throughout the day with its pleasant smell and taste, and just taking the time to smell it can help ease one's hunger. In short, both studies of green tea and its history show that it is a great thing to drink for your health. How can drinking green tea help one lose weight?
|
[
"By making one feel less hungry.",
"There is no fat in green tea.",
"By burning one's energy.",
"By making one stop wanting to drink."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Even if we have an extremely healthy diet and lifestyle, the human body is programmed to wear out at a maximum of about 120 years, and usually less. We all have a biological clock inside us which determines the moment when our organs cease to function properly. This is because our cells have stopped renewing themselves and our body can no longer repair itself. This is also the moment when we are more likely to begin to suffer from the diseases of old age such as arthritis and Alzheimer's. However, rapid advances in DNA research are beginning to throw light on the secrets of the ageing process. By the end of this century we could literally have the power of life over death. Although it has long been accepted that humans have a fixed lifespan, it is also a fact that certain other organisms, such as reptiles and amphibians, appear to _ . The only reason we do not see 500-year-old alligators is because in the wild their lives are always in danger, from man, from pollution and from other animals. When they are kept in zoos they do not seem to age at all after they are fully grown. The same is true of some species of fish, which grow indefinitely and show no signs of ageing. The existence of animals with no fixed lifespan seems to indicate that an age gene really does exist. It is this gene which scientists are searching for, which may delay or repair damage to the body caused by ageing. Another new area of research involves the oxidation theory, which says that ageing is caused by the same process that makes iron rust. In controlled experiments, the lifespans of certain animals were shown to be lengthened with anti-oxidants; for example, the lifespan of mice can be increased by 30%. Antioxidants are already being used in face creams and other cosmetics, and they are likely to play an important part in keeping people physically young. Perhaps the most immediate advance we are likely to see in the battle to halt the ageing process will be organ replacement. By the year 2020 it is likely that we will be replacing injured bones or even organs like livers and kidneys with ones "grown" in laboratories. By 2050 perhaps every organ in the body, except the brain, will have become commercially available. Recent experiments also show that it may one day be possible to "grow" new organs inside our body to replace worn-out ones, something which lizards and alligators already do. Suddenly immortality(,) seems within reach. We can begin to imagine a future where we are born, we grow to maturity, but we never grow old and die. But do we really want to live forever? When all humans reach a certain age, _ .
|
[
"they suffer the effects of their diet and lifestyle",
"the organs stop to perform appropriately",
"their cells continue to renew themselves",
"they develop arthritis and Alzheimer's"
] | 1B
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is a chemical change?
|
[
"Element 1 is hammered into a thin sheet.",
"Element 2 is heated and turns into a liquid.",
"Element 3 turns a greenish color as it sits in air.",
"Element 4 is ground up into a fine, slippery powder."
] | 2C
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tom, a 15-year-old boy, couldn't hear anything after the whole night computer games and MP3 listening. He was excited and yelled after the MP3. When he walked out of his room the next morning, he could hear nothing about his mother's words. His mother sent him to the doctor at once. It was moderate hearing loss . Do you have an MP3 player? Do you use it to listen to your favorite music? A survey shows that lots of young people enjoy listening to their MP3 players. And they always listen to them at high volumes . There are about 100 million people listening to MP3 players in Europe every day. Most of them are young people. Scientists have found that if people listen to MP3 players at a very high volume for more than five hours a week, they could lose their hearing in five years. High-volume music can keep people excited, so young people would like to keep their players high. It's too bad for the ears. So the MP3 listeners should keep the player within safe volume levels, no higher than 60~70 of full capacity . If people near you can hear your MP3, that means you are keeping your MP3 at a very high volume, turn it down, please! What's the safe volume of the MP3?
|
[
"People beside you can hear your MP3.",
"No higher than 60-70 of full capacity.",
"You can't hear it clearly.",
"Keep the full capacity."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Put an ice cube from your fridge into a glass of water. You have a piece of string 10 centimeters long. The problem is to take out that piece of ice with the help of the string. But you must not touch the ice with your fingers. You may ask your friends to try to do that when you are having dinner together. There is a saltcellar on the table. You must use salt when you carry out this experiment. First you put the string across the piece of ice. Then put some salt on the ice. Salt makes ice melt . The ice round the string will begin to melt. But when it melts, it will lose heat. The cold ice cube will make the salt water freeze again. After a minute or two you may raise the piece of string and with it you will raise your piece of ice! This experiment can be very useful to you. If, for example, there is ice near the door of your house, you must use very much salt to melt all the ice. If you don't put enough salt, the water will freeze again. We must use _ when we carry out this experiment.
|
[
"fridge",
"some food",
"a table",
"some salt"
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I'm not so sure I like my friends any more. I used to like them-to be honest. We'd have lunch, talk on the phone or exchange emails, and they all seemed normal enough. But then came Face Book, and I was introduced to a sad fact: many of my friends have dark sides that they had kept from me. Today my friends show off the more unpleasant aspects of their personalities via FaceBook. No longer hidden, they're thrown in my face like TV commercials -unavoidable and endless advertisements for the worst of their personalities. Take Fred. If you were to have lunch with him, you'd find him warm, and self-effacing .Read his FaceBook and you'll realize he's an unbearable, food-obsessed boring man. He'd pause to have a cup of coffee on his way to save a drowning man-and then write about it. Take Andy. You won't find a smarter CEO anywhere, but now he's a CEO without a company to run. So he plays Mafia Wars on FaceBook. He's doing well-level 731. Thanks to FaceBook, I know he's playing about 18 hours a day. Andy, you've run four companies-and this is how you spend your downtime? What happned to golf?What happened to getting another job? Take Liz. She is positive that the flu vaccine will kill us all and that we should avoid it. And then comes Chris who likes to post at least 20 times a day on every website he can find, so I get to read his thoughts twice, once on FaceBook and once on Twitter. In real life, I don't see these sides of people. Face to face, my friends show me their best. They're nice, smart people. But face to FaceBook, my friends is like a blind date which goes horribly wrong. I'm left with a dilemma. Who is my real friend?Is it the Liz I have lunch with or the anti-vaccine madman on FaceBook? Is it the Fred I can grab a sandwich with or the Fred who weeps if he's at a party and the wine isn't up to his standard? Who is opposed to the flu vaccine in the text?
|
[
"Fred",
"Andy",
"Liz",
"Chris"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When Steven was a young boy, he moved quite often with his family and so he never had many friends. He spent a lot of time on his own and liked to play with electronic things. Steven had a neighbour, Steve Wozniak. Steve was a little bit younger than Steven but also liked to play with electronic things. Steven made a microphone and Steve asked him many questions about it until he understood how it worked. Steven liked the fact that such a young boy was also interest ed in electronic things and so he taught him everything he knew. When they were a little older and knew more about electronic things, they made a "blue box". People could make free phone calls by breaking into the phone company's system with this box. They sold this to many people even though it was illegal , but this is not why they are famous today. Steven and Steve were the inventors of the first PC--personal computer. They called their first computer the Apple I. They invented it only for fun and to make themselves known among their friends. They did not think it would become so popular. They just liked playing computer games on it. Their computer made it cheaper and easier for people to own and use a computer. Their PCs were so popular that they made a new PC called the Apple II. Soon many schools, families and factories were using their computers. Without the two clever men, the personal computers might never have appeared. Which of the following is TRUE?
|
[
"Steve became interested in electronic things after Steven made a microphone.",
"Steve and Steven had done something illegal.",
"The Apple 1 was the first computer in the world.",
"Factories don't use PCs."
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
According to Spanish business newspaper, Spain is planning to build the largest traditional Chinese medicine hospital in Europe. It's an important practice agreement between China and Spain. Barcelona will provide land for its construction and the new hospital is expected to cost 80 million euros ($88.6 million). This center will be the first of its kind outside Asia. The agreement also includes the teaching and studying of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine). The hospital will develop a joint --- research program among the scientists from both of the countries. The agreement makes it possible for doctors of TCM to work in Barcelona. So far, China has been making efforts to _ TCM outside the country, pushing the ancient medical science to the world. Calduch, a spokesperson for the Spain -based European Foundation of TCM, said the plan to build Europe's largest TCM hospital shows China's great dream. "Not only will it help us learn more about this ancient medical science, but it will also bring help to Spanish patients." said Calduch. It's reported that 23.6 percent of the country's population has used natural remedies , and TCM is the most popular. What hospital is Spain going to build according to the news?
|
[
"A Spanish hospital.",
"A Chinese- style hospital.",
"A TCM hospital.",
"A western medicine hospital."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is likely to be digested?
|
[
"metal",
"water",
"hush puppies",
"pain"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
IELTS: international English language testing system Introduction: The IELTS is jointly managed by the University of Cambridge Local Examination Syndicate , the British Council and IDP Education Australia Why more and more people are taking the IELTS test? The IELTS test is widely recognized by the colleges, universities and other academic institutions of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United Kingdom. More and more universities and colleges in the US are also accepting an IELTS result as a language requirement for application to degree courses. IELTS is accepted by many important organizations, such as the New Zealand Immigration Bureau, the Australian Immigration and Cultural Department, the Canadian Immigration Bureau, the Australian Medical Council and the British Medical Association . Choice of two test types There are two test models: Academic and General Training. The candidate must select the one suitable to his/here purpose for taking the test. Academic: for candidates who want to apply for undergraduate or postgraduate courses. General Training: for candidates who take IELTS for immigration purpose, training programmes, or work experience. If you have any questions about which type to take, consult the Examinations Services staff at the British Council offices. Content The test is composed of four papers: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. The first three papers must be taken at one sitting on one day, and the speaking paper may be taken up to two days later. Usually in China, the Listening paper is taken on a Saturday morning, followed by the Reading paper, and then Writing paper. The Speaking test is usually taken on the Saturday afternoon or on the following Saturday. Candidates must complete all four papers in order to obtain an overall score. How many organizations is IELTS managed by?
|
[
"6.",
"5.",
"4.",
"3."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Spending hours playing violent video games prevents teenagers from their moral growth, a study has found.It is thought that regular touch to violence and lack of contact with the outside world makes it harder for them to tell right from wrong.They also struggle to trust other people,and see the world from their viewpoints. Researchers from Brock University in Ontario found that those who spend more than three hours each day in front of the screen are particularly unlikely to have developed the ability to empathise . The Canadian researchers surveyed 109 boys and girls,aged 13 and 14,about whether they played video games,which games they liked,and how long they spent playing them.Their findings found that 88 percent of teens said they played games,and more than half admitted to playing games everyday.Violent games were among the most popular. The teenagers also filled in a questionnaire designed to measure their moral development.For example,they were asked how important it is to save the life of a friend. Previous studies have suggested that a person's moral judgement goes through four phases as they grow from children and enter adulthood.By the age of 13 or 14,scientists claim young people should be entering the third stage,and be able to empathise with others and take their viewpoints into account.The research found that this stage appeared to be delayed in teenagers who regularly played violent video games. It is also thought that teenagers who play games regularly did not spend enough time in the real world to learn to take other's thoughts into consideration.Researcher Mirjana Bajovic said:"The present results indicate that some teenagers;who spent three or more hours a day playing violent video games,are deprived of such opportnnities."Writing in the journal Educational Media International.the researchers added:"Touch to violence in video games may influence the development of moral reasoning because violence is not only presented as acceptable but is also justified and rewarded." They concluded that rather than trying to enforce an'unrealistic'ban on the games, parents and teachers should encourage teenagers to do charity work and take up after-school activities. Why did the Canadian researchers carry out the studies?
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[
"To discuss how to save the life of a friend.",
"To measure teenagers'moral development.",
"To enrich teenagers'awareness of social life.",
"To develop teenagers'ability to communicate."
] | 1B
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college_medicine
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