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7agK0nkiZpA | at Langham vitam the elixir of long life and it was suggested thousands of years ago as a treatment against consumption later to be known as tuberculosis so I'm going to take you on a journey and I'm going to take a radical left turn halfway through this talk and I'm going to present some data that has never been shown any to anyone else outside of my research team so I am | 119 | 144 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=119s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | honored to be representing triple a s on June 9th this year I was awarded as the invention ambassador this is great it's like a first audience that knows what Triple A s is so I don't have to explain that but it's a huge honor and I grew up in a small town in Ohio and my brother John with my got me into science and he went on to Yale my brother Bill one on the Cornell and we had this incredible | 144 | 169 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=144s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | laboratory in the basement which they would not let me have access to but they went off to college and I suddenly had this fully equipped laboratory including the the radio from the aircraft carrier the intrepid my father was on it and after world war ii he got the radio so I was listening to all sorts of things behind the Iron Curtain I was just having a fabulous time so my dream was | 169 | 189 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=169s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | always to live in the country and be a scientist and have my own scientific laboratory well on June 9th I got that award my brother John we were competitive and there's you know like brothers are you love him 80% of the time and 20% of time they kind of piss you off and so John really never respected you know my interest in my ecology what is this mushroom stuff but | 189 | 209 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=189s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | so when Triple A yes gave me this award it was highly vetted and I said Wow you know I can I get this is exciting I can tell my older brother now John I got this award so I called him he didn't answer and then I emailed him and that was a day they discovered his body John I died from cardiac arrest standing up and I just want to tell all of you you have brothers and sisters that bug you | 209 | 233 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=209s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | you know think about the good times and how our life is so precious and so short so this talk is dedicated to my brother John who first got me into science so my main theme is biodiversity as biosecurity this is we live in I live in Washington State in the southern regions of the Puget Sound and I want to point out the largest organism in the world is a mycelial mat 2,200 acres in size over | 233 | 267 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=233s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | two thousand years old and it's one cell wall thick surrounded by hundreds of millions of microbes per gram of soil we have several skin layers to protect us from infection the mycelium has one and yet achieves the largest mass of any organ in the world how is that possible well it's possible because it the is involved in I own his own microbiome it selects beneficial bacteria that it | 267 | 290 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=267s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | works in concert with and the mycelium has based on a network like design the mycelium is digested nutrients externally we share more common ancestor with fungi than we do with any other Kingdom six hundred and fifty million years ago we split from fungi and there is an announcement a new super Kingdom it's been published called a pice the canta that joins Animalia and fungi | 290 | 313 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=290s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | together we exhale carbon dioxide we inhale oxygen and the fungi are able to stream nuclei to their tips and because of epigenesis the ability to adapt to change this is one of the few organisms that actually benefits from disruption and so when these mats are disrupted the fork the us streaming of nuclei epigenesis comes into play reassortment nuclei at the end tips it codes for new | 313 | 337 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=313s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | genes for new enzymes acids to capture new food and then the information becomes back channeled into the mice illegal network so using the epidemic properties of mycelium i think is a way of the future of medicine so the mycelium is a lot more pervasive than most people realize virtually 90% of all plants have mycorrhizae fungi has now been determined that these microbial networks | 337 | 362 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=337s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | and the mycelium communicates across landscapes in between plants and indeed all plants are part fungi so any research on botanical medicine the contribution of the end of it funds that are associated inside this plants needs to be taken into account because the conferring medicinal properties may be welcoming from the end of it expunged I as opposed to the plant by itself | 362 | 385 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=362s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | these my cellular networks stream across landscapes and I have these epiphanies and I believe habitats have immune systems and the mice ileal networks are the foundation of the food web that's joining us all together now here is something that's I grow lots of mycelium twenty to thirty thousand kilos a week we have a small company sixty seven employees and this is differently | 385 | 408 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=385s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | frankly just not fair that I can tell you this in fifteen seconds which took me thirty years to discover the problem with mcgroin mycelium in laboratories is immunologically naive it's grown in pure culture when you throw it out into the ground all these organisms consume it well we've soaked woodchips or a straw under water salt water or fresh water for two weeks in aerobic interwebz | 408 | 430 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=408s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | become predominant then we take this out and we drain off the water and then the oxygen becomes a sterilizer the anaerobes are largely killed simply our robes are in there and then the mycelium then becomes immunologically educated this is a profoundly powerful mycelium it's got an immune system and resident within this mycelium is the enormous amounts of bacteria we did next-gen | 430 | 453 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=430s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | sequencing here and this is a color heat map a thousand full difference in the relative abundance of different genre of bacteria to different mushroom species selected out whole different constellations of bacteria this enables the mycelium to cell set up guilds and have commensal mutualistic organisms that i can combine with that allows it to conquer such large habitats well we | 453 | 476 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=453s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | all know that we have cancer 41% of us will get cancer 21% of us will die from it but did you know still that 73% of all against our cancer drugs have their origins and natural products we grow about 500 different species turkey tails featured here or when the best described and studied medicinal mushrooms in the world we received a 2.2 million dollar breast | 476 | 499 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=476s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | cancer clinical grant from the nih for phase one breast cancer and the results of the studies have been published and on a dose-dependent basis well prior to radiation your immune system is as active and then when the turkey tail mushrooms eight capsules per day are consumed there is an upregulation of natural killer cells and then post radiation most of you know the immune | 499 | 523 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=499s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | system is damaged it and then it has to recover and then on a dose-dependent basis two weeks and then four weeks the immune system kicks into gear natural killer cells are enhanced dramatically and also cytotoxic T cells look at the significance value here and so the immune system is activated by the consumption of these mushrooms and there's TLR tlr4 receptors I don't want | 523 | 548 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=523s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | to get into that right now but we've identified seven different distinct pathways of the immune systems activated than the consumption of these mushrooms now this became deeply personal to me in june 2009 when my 83 year old mother called me up she's a charismatic Christian she's not seen a doctor since 1968 she called me a mrs. Paul I'm scared I didn't recognize | 548 | 570 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=548s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | her voice she was shaking I said what's wrong and she said my right breast is five times the size of my left I have six angry lymph nodes dark and swollen on my right side I said I couldn't believe it why didn't you tell me sooner and so I rushed her to Swedish breast cancer clinic in Seattle and then we got the worst news after the second visit the oncologist said she should have been | 570 | 590 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=570s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | seen two years earlier the cancer is inoperable they could not do a mastectomy because of her age they couldn't give a radiation therapy because of the same reason because the likelihood of infection and so the oncologist tried to make best of it saying you live a long life and we kept on asking how long how long how long and she said you lucky if you had three | 590 | 610 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=590s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | months the tumor is erupting out of her breast across the Meridian invaded her sternum and when it went into her liver so we had the circle meeting many of you have had this we planned for her funeral she chose a pink dress that bought the cheapest coffin that she could find because she was going to Jesus there's a lot of Tears and then on the third visit the oncologist said you know if your | 610 | 632 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=610s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | immune system could kick in patty you might be able to beat this and so she said you know there's these turkey tail mushroom study that's on a misty romantical school University of Minnesota Medical you might want to take start taking turkey tail mushrooms well that's my mother said well that's what my son was talking about but she had to hear it from a doctor right so my | 632 | 651 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=632s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | mother started taking turkey tail she was on tax haul briefly had a horrific reaction refused to take it and she was ten then she's worth taking Herceptin a wonderful drug well that was in June of 2009 and I'm happy to say my mother she crossed the five year disease free period she's totally cancer-free this led to then a study saying well maybe turkey tail mushrooms can enhance | 651 | 692 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=651s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | Herceptin now the good news that my mother survived but then she told me something her oncologist told her of the 50 women who joined at Herceptin program and listed in a new program in Ellensburg Washington where she enlisted of the 50 women 48 of them have died my mother was the only one taking turkey tail with Herceptin so how did this is interesting on multiple levels | 692 | 718 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=692s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | she's been written up as a best case outcome several medical journals she that no chem brain no nausea no loss of appetite so she's happy and she her acumen has come back she's smarter now than were quick with her wit than I've ever ever seen so then a series of other articles came out this past year turkey tail enhances the microbiome specifically of lactobacillus and | 718 | 741 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=718s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | Bifidobacterium while suppressing and anti flattery bacteria so this is extremely interesting because this speaks to the fact that when we grow the much of mycelium in pure culture we do see a resident mutualistic population of bacteria which may we at first thought were contaminants but now we understand better that they're part of the of the microbiome of the fungi when we | 741 | 763 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=741s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | split from fungi 650 million years ago we chose the relevance circulating our food in a gastric in a sack and a stomach basically digested nutrients within the mycelium went externally well just as we have a microbiome within us the mycelium is selected a micro biome also Muta listicle e to its advantage I'm very interested in the viral to cancer connection there are seven | 763 | 786 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=763s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | identified viruses or probably a lot more that caused cancer then Fred hutch medical school called me up and said we have a very interesting case from the Merkel cell carcinoma one of the most deadly cancers of the world only ten people have ever been reported to it have ever recovered from it and I call it the NIMH hypothesis dr. paul NIMH MD PhD at Fred hutch and they had this | 786 | 809 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=786s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | patient he started taking a seven species mushroom blend and this is immune evasion and then after taking the mushrooms there's no chemotherapy no radiation therapy nothing can be done for these patients and then after taking the seven mushroom species blend he had spontaneous recovery and he is alive today so we think that it D cloaks cancers for discovery by the immune | 809 | 835 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=809s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | system we don't know exactly how it does it but we've seen this over and over again your immune systems activated and your mutant cells can discover receptor sites in the stroma of tumors this could go abroad and be useful for addressing lots of solid tumors as an adjunct therapy so this case also was written up in the medical journals and then Hayling Lou and I submitted an application to | 835 | 861 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=835s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | NIH to standardize the methodology for analyzing medicinal mushroom products it was amazed or so and unfortunately the sequester occurred and we did not get funded for this but it's a great paper that I'd be glad to provide to anyone who likes to see it the Bison team produces extracellular metabolites and in these metabolite droplets are all sorts of interesting compounds I was | 861 | 881 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=861s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | working with a bio shield program of the US Defense Department directly after 9/11 we submitted over 700 samples and this is the said the samples of mushrooms in particular a gerakan reishi and chaga and this is the selectivity index and the viruses h5n1 h3n2 h1n1 and the rip of ayran is being the positive control the selectivity index is an indication of antiviral activity our | 881 | 909 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=881s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | extracts were diluted from the mycelium 100 to 1 and this is the selectivity index of the diluted extracts that were much far more powerful than the pharmaceutical control well then we were we did by our guided fractionation of the University Mississippi this is a school pharmacy and we've identified a group of sterols this one has been unreported in the literature I've given | 909 | 932 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=909s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | it the name phony top straw so we have our first eight api's here that are active against in this case poxviruses now that's coming on the same mcgarrick on extract that was active against flu viruses but we sent these structures to to st. Jude University in order to st. Jude hospital in order for tests against HIV and when they were totally inactive which suggests that there's more than | 932 | 956 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=932s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | one antiviral API that's present within these these mushroom extracts NIH called us three times in the past month we've submitted now ten of these structures they potential api's for testing against Ebola and a wide number of other viruses so resident when these mushrooms are very interesting complex molecules that were beginning to discover so after ten years I finally received a patent | 956 | 983 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=956s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | universality of opinion by the patent extent patent examiner's and it took a long time to get the patent but I was happy to see that vector in Russia published an article two years ago authenticating that a gerakan is highly active against flu viruses this article was published yesterday so is there people are catching up but it's great that other researchers are | 983 | 1,003 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=983s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | authenticating that which we had discovered now working with a gerakan instructor scott franzblau who is the director of the tuberculosis research institute at the university of chicago we started doing experimentation and he started using our mycelium and we did by organic fraction we found a new active anti-tb set of molecules chlorinated chlorinated coumarins now this is interesting to me | 1,003 | 1,027 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1003s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | this mushroom has a dual activity against viruses and bacteria very few medicines do that the majority people who die from viral pneumonia actually die from bacterial pneumonia and so to have something as a nutraceutical that can be broad-based against multiple viruses multiple bacteria I think is medically extremely interesting my wife and I spend a lot of time in the old-growth forest the force | 1,027 | 1,054 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1027s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | used to be resplendent around the world and now we are facing a radical change and in our ecosystems through deforestation so the composition in the ecology of the forests have changed and 70% of the soils are composed of microbial mass of which 40% of the mouse's fungal but because of our practices of logging and harvesting and creating monoculture which in repetitive | 1,054 | 1,083 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1054s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | Harbor planting of trees leads to premature decline disease vectors spread the diameter of trees become smaller and you lose that that plurality of biodiversity of Ages of trees and their associated organisms we have really changed the face of this planet so I'm going to now take a radical left turn so this is the case now imagine hundreds of millions of years our ancestors and | 1,083 | 1,113 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1083s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | other organisms in the ecosystem have been used these resplendent for us and now we've deforested much of the planet and the deforestation continues at an incredible clip we've now entered 6x the sixth greatest extinction event on the life of this planet and we're losing about 30,000 species per year of 8.3 million species on this planet that means that a hundred years | 1,113 | 1,136 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1113s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | we'll lose more than 30% of the biodiversity on this planet this is this is an all-hands-on-deck moment so a friend of mine came to me he said Paul I do a lot of work with antibiotic genic fungi controlling insects and says can you help the bees and then whole foods provide this very interesting graphic here's your dairy choices with bees and there's your dairy choices without bees bees | 1,136 | 1,163 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1136s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | liberate pollinators 30% of the food in the grocery store is direct result of pollens it and pollination 70% is indirect and the President Obama came out with a presidential memorandum and there is a we call it click on a hex efekta there is like six different converging stressors on the ecosystem deforestation is one the bees now don't have the ecosystem that it's evolved to | 1,163 | 1,191 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1163s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | to draw from as part of this menu it's banquet of food well then because of the pollution and one dozen speakers mentioned his blood was analyzed he has a thousand different xenobiotic toxins president is blood unprecedented a theater of evolution mites are carrying viruses and then you have of the the fact that the bees are being trucked hundreds of miles into almond orchards | 1,191 | 1,217 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1191s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | in the middle of the desert in California in January and February this is totally unnatural so the bees fly out and we see bees around a flower that's the last seven or ten days of a life the bees flap their wings into the wings are shredded and the bees then with a colony collapse disorder the bees leave the Beehive and they just don't come back they just suddenly | 1,217 | 1,240 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1217s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | disappear now it's a very complicated set of stressors but just like there's colony collapse disorder I suggest to you that we are facing cultural collapse disorder this is a proverbial canary in the coal mine so I had some very strange events in my life a lot more that I can tell you but but I was growing mushroom mycelium in my garden this is 1984 and I went out to my garden | 1,240 | 1,270 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1240s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | and this is the mushroom beds and I went Wow what's going on here I look very closely and bees had come to my mushroom bed move the wood chips away and started sucking on my mycelium I went what is going on from day to night for 40 days for 40 days a direct stream of bees from my beehives to my mycelium back and forth all day long the mycelium shrunk from about 8 or 10 inches to about 3 inches | 1,270 | 1,302 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1270s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | well I noted this in one of my books and Harrow Smith magazine virtually everybody ignored me I got one beekeeper from Canada wrote me well maybe that's why do they go to sawdust piles so ok I put that in the back of my mind and then a friend of mine said you know what can you do to help the bees and I thought well you know I had this very weird experience in my garden 1984 so here's | 1,302 | 1,326 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1302s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | dusty in the old-growth forest and bear scratch trees well we used to have a lot of bears but the tip industry put a bounty on them killed the Bears and only in the past 20 years we've come out with research knowing and finding out the Bears bring salmon carcasses up on the banks and returning sea phosphorus from the ocean into the roots of the trees which is a limiting nutrient for tree | 1,326 | 1,350 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1326s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | growth so the industry totally got it backwards Bears help trees grow well the Bears scratched the trees and dusty and I are hiking in the old-growth forest and the South Fork of the hoe and we go around the corner and dusty sees this bear scratch BAM the bear scratched the trees the best bear scratch I've ever seen but that's why I photographed it now looked into this and wow the timid | 1,350 | 1,376 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1350s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | industry says the bear scratched the trees and it causes a mushroom to form which is related to a Garrett con so we went back two years later there's that bear scratch ok so think about this and the bear scratch the trees then resin comes out and bees go after the resins and they get propolis which is a very strong antimicrobial and they used for patching up you know spaces in the | 1,376 | 1,400 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1376s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | Beehive so the red belted polypore sure enough was growing out of that tree with a bear scratch that we saw so in a sense the timber industry is correct this is a parasitic fungus that kills the trees and then grows Sacre physically well also interesting the mycelium breaks down pesticide herbicide and fungicides okay so that's another box another experience I had the garden | 1,400 | 1,424 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1400s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | now hiking the old-growth forest a bear scratch I looked into the you know why the timber industry was trying to kill the bears then this article comes comes out these are all very very recent and it turns out that fungi produced the P chimeric acid related to the chloral chlorinated coumarins that Scott Franklin our fund their active against tuberculosis by the way and it turns out | 1,424 | 1,448 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1424s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | that the absence of P chimeric acid stops the up regulation of the cytochrome p450 pathway bees only have 47 cpy genes whereas most insects have 80 and the absence of P chimeric acid coming from fungi turns off their mono oxygenase pathway and so they can't detoxify this accumulation of all these toxins that are become resident as they for a out into the farmer's fields | 1,448 | 1,474 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1448s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | sprayed with pesticides fungicides and herbicides okay interesting and so then it turns out that when the EPA license many of these fungicides and insecticides and herbicides they didn't look at the consortium of them all coming together and turn out the sub-lethal doses of these toxins defeat the microbiome in the gut of the bee so you have another problem happening here | 1,474 | 1,500 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1474s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | not only is this my oxidase pathway the cytochrome p450s turned off but the microbiome now is being damaged by glycolysis by the way there's one of the big cult culprits some craig Venter hope you're listening so then fungicide contamination in the fields is harming the resident fungi and now we don't have rotting logs we've got agricultural crops may the species of | 1,500 | 1,525 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1500s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | which are not native okay so beekeepers feed bees sugar water and up to 50 these a 50 percent water 50 percent sugar this is because they need to have the sugar obviously for food and then the bees are truck hundreds of miles in this case the almond and walnut orchards for pollination so the bees are now being fed pure Sugar's as opposed to the complex carbohydrates and polysaccharides was | 1,525 | 1,555 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1525s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | coming from the sweat of the Weisse ilium so I had an epiphany why don't we take our mycelium and my research team you know it gets credit for this and we came up with Michael honey this is totally made from mycelium it's like 90% sugars but they're complex sugars and guess what it has P chimeric acid in it as the antiviral agents in it as the antibacterial agents so we contacted | 1,555 | 1,582 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1555s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | Washington State University working with dr. Steve Sheppard and and Brandon Hopkins and we started doing a series of experiments by feeding extracts of the mycelium to bees at different concentrations this is called a stress test they're in captivity they only live 30 days when the worker bees fly out and they're doing a pollination if they don't come back nurse bees are prematurely recruited to | 1,582 | 1,609 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1582s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | become worker bees and they fly out they abandon the brood so it's a doubling down every time the fewer and fewer worker bees come back nurse bees now have to go out and get pollen and food for the hive so the the larvae and abandoned mites then proliferate mites are injecting viruses into the larva okay so the mushrooms that we're talking about clean the one of my hat Amadou | 1,609 | 1,632 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1609s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | reishi and chaga are polypore mushrooms and birch forests worldwide apis mellifera the honeybee is from europe it's not native to North America but it produced a four-digit amounts of honey so there's chaga there's Amadou and there's red reishi we provided the bees with twelve different species these are the three ones I'm going to talk about I've never shown this before this this | 1,632 | 1,657 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1632s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | information just came came in the sugar control in one week's time the virus is increased by 63% when the bees started sipping on the mycelium the viral about pathogen payload plummeted across these three different species in week one versus a week two the sugar control the viruses you know increased dramatically and with with the bees that were taking sips of the mushroom mycelium extract | 1,657 | 1,684 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1657s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | the vibe is plummeted they went up here and they plummeted down on a dose-dependent basis and so it also occurred with a red reishi so now we're trying to get the right concentrations and the often is obvious now that if we use a combination of these you know what benefit what a benefit will this be but we don't know the way of the B tomorrow the rosetta spaceship | 1,684 | 1,707 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1684s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | lands on a comet 300 million years 300 million miles out in space well we can find a comet we don't know the way of the B now I've spoken to entomologists about this they spoke through their friends no one's ever mentioned this I spoke at a national mycological Congress I said any mycologist out there this 500 I call just has anyone ever heard of this B's go | 1,707 | 1,731 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1707s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | no one has bees go to rotted logs because of the immunological benefit increasing their hosts defensive resistance they're complex sugars of nutrition and the antiviral properties I'm the first one to have discovered this really how is that possible we grew up with Winnie the Pooh reading it to our kids they're going after the rotted logs and and and we don't know the way | 1,731 | 1,755 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1731s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | of the bee I think this says a lot so doctor have Steve Shepherd it was so impressed he provided this wonderful quote as entomologist 39 years of experience I'm unaware of any reports extended the lives of worker bees this is this spread is incredibly important this is a period of high pollen acquisition and so if you increase the workers lifespans by 20% they had a | 1,755 | 1,780 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1755s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | tremendous effect on a tipping point a tipping point in favor of the colony survival so I suggest to you let's be friendly let's be mushroom the scientists cross disciplines need to work together biodiversity is our biosecurity now think of the bigger picture here we were forced people bees evolved in the forest the mycelium is confirmed confirming an immunological | 1,780 | 1,810 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1780s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | benefit to to animals but it's unprecedented as far as I know that there is an antiviral agent that is duly active in helping bees and also helping humans and these are from polypore mushrooms are resident in the forest that our ancestors were dependent upon so I want to conclude that humans trees bears mushrooms are all terrestrial organisms that evolved to be interconnected within the mycelial | 1,810 | 1,844 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1810s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | web of life Earth's natural Internet and I think the way of the future is using mycelial scaffolding with a mutualistic organisms in the bacteria using epigenesis and then being able to have the quorum sensing and there's response and being able to up regulate gene expressions that otherwise may not be present or up regulated with one organism but quorum sensing can give up | 1,844 | 1,867 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1844s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
7agK0nkiZpA | regulation of multiple gene sequences otherwise hidden in nature this is the way of life so as much as many of you are ultra specialized I want you to think about the implications of what I'm showing you today we were once forest people for hundreds of millions of years we had force that we're in contact with we're losing the perspective of the synergism and the | 1,867 | 1,889 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7agK0nkiZpA&t=1867s | Mushrooms as Medicine with Paul Stamets at Exponential Medicine | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | [Music] yeah hello everybody my name is Daniel I work for a company called odd phone and we are here today to talk about efficient developers so the first thing that I want to do is define what we mean by efficient to be efficient means achieving maximum productivity without wasting resources and in our case as developers that resource is usually time which means to be efficient is to do | 0 | 36 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=0s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | things fast but this definition is missing one key element for us that we can see in this quote by Peter Drucker to be efficient is to do the things right well to be effective is to do the right things so the be efficient is not that we have to be very very fast it's the things that we do we have to do them in a proper way so the decisions that we take today don't slow us down in the future | 36 | 60 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=36s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | now that we have this quote here you maybe wonder well what is more important to be efficient or to be effective obviously doesn't make any sense to go really really fast if you end up in the wrong place but equally if we know where we want to go but we never achieve that place it doesn't make sense either in fact there is some synergy between to the between the two if you | 60 | 84 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=60s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | are efficient it means that you spend less time takes you less time to do things which means that you have more time in your hands to stop look around and make sure that you're going in the right direction so to be efficient allows you to be more effective now in this talk we are just going to focus on what it takes what it makes us efficient and we're going to stop stop talking | 84 | 106 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=84s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | about focus there are plenty of studies they tried to quantify what is the cost of an interruption for us developers and it seems that the cost is around ten or fifteen minutes so every time that somebody comes and interrupts you it take us between ten and fifteen minutes to load the context reload the context of the tasks that we were doing to be able to be productive | 106 | 128 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=106s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | so it's fair amount to be efficient to minimize the number of interruptions that we get so we have long periods of time where we can focus on the task at hand there are basically two types of interruptions the ones that you control and the ones that other people control the ones that you control this one's email notifications I probably the worst offenders if you think that that little | 128 | 154 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=128s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | pop-up doesn't nothing for your concentration the truth is that for your brain it looks more something like this you cannot just stop looking at it millions of years of evolution have made our brain really sensible to any unexpected movement mostly because the fear of being eaten so when that little pop-up shows up on your screen you have to focus on it you don't have an option so | 154 | 184 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=154s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | efficient developers the first thing that they do they disable all notification not just email notifications but absolutely all notifications in fact you don't even want to see that little number with the number of in that the number of unread notifications on your screen because as soon as that little number changes your brain is going to pick up the change and | 184 | 206 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=184s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | you're going to start thinking about well what could send my an email or what do I need to do so you should always you can always deal with emails whenever you want whenever you have the time nobody should expect that you'd reply immediately to their emails there are other means of of communication that are more appropriate if something is really really urgent emails are asynchronous | 206 | 234 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=206s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | and it's more efficient to deal with them in batches the only notification that you want to say is the one that tells you that you broke the build and please never be one of these guys that they type an email and they want to tell you just to make sure that you received an email this is really really annoying and this brings us to the other types of interruptions | 234 | 262 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=234s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | they want that you don't control what can you do with somebody comes to your desk and interrupt your flow I know three possible options the first one is to wear some headphones really really big so when somebody comes you pretend that you didn't see him and you hope that he will just walk a row we'll walk away the second option is that you have a very good team late | 262 | 286 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=262s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | somebody like this guy somebody that is able to tackle any interruption before it reaches the team the third option is to do peripheral grameen if you are doing pair programming when somebody comes to interrupt you what should happen is that one of the two developers in the pair so stand up walk away a couple of meters and deal with the interruption and when he's done he goes | 286 | 312 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=286s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | back to the other pair and that all the guy that was able to keep focus it works like a really fast cash to get him into a productive State a lot faster the additional benefit of pair programming is that because you have another developer looking at what you are doing all the time you are not going to check the news or your phone or or your email as often so that peer pressure is just | 312 | 337 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=312s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | going to cause you to be more efficient I don't think I need to explain this right we all know this and I don't like to sound like your mom when she tells you to get your greens so let's move to the next one efficient developers just do one thing at a time and the reason is exactly the same why we hate interruptions yeah because of the context switches here we see that doing | 337 | 362 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=337s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | the blue tasks after doing finis in the green tasks it just takes less time in fact it is not just that it takes less time when you try to do multiple things at the same time the quality of your work usually suffers we all know that the definition of multitasking is just screwing several things at the same time so you should always focus on one thing if you finish and then you move to the | 362 | 389 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=362s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | next task you may we are all going to spend thousands upon thousands of hours in front of your ID it's one of our main tools so you really need to know it inside out because any efficiency that you can use in your IDE is going to be multiplied but those are thousands of hours that you are going to spend front of it yes basically need to know two things its functionality and its or | 389 | 419 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=389s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | cuts now just because you are sitting already in front of it for six hours a day it doesn't mean that you are going to master it to master your ID you have to make a conscious and deliberate effort to learn it to find what functionality you don't know about it you can't read the release notes you can follow blogs or YouTube channels of people using it or you can just do pair | 419 | 443 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=419s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | programming when you do pair programming each of your partners is going to show you how they use the ID and it's going to show you functionality that you didn't know about or it's going to show you more efficient ways of doing some tasks also you can teach him your tips and tricks so you make the whole team more efficient I'm always surprised about the amount of manual work that | 443 | 471 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=443s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | with developers can put up with and I found it very paradoxical given that we are paid to automate all these people's job manual work is not just slower to do but it's dull boring and it's error problem so I'll always wonder well why we keep doing it in one of the main reason is that we sometimes for God that we are developers and as developers we have this very rare and powerful skill | 471 | 499 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=471s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | that allow us to create an army of minions that will do as we say they will not complain it they never get tired and they do it really really fast and I think we don't use this skill often enough sometimes it may be because we just end up with this kind of minions but that's a different talk just to make sure that these things I'm going to repeat it again you are developers you | 499 | 526 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=499s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | don't do things that a computer that your computer can do for you so efficient developers before starting any task they always think well can I write a program to do the task or at least to help me to do the task and I'm not just talking about automating some work that can take you hours I'm also talking about automating tasks that can take you five seconds but you | 526 | 550 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=526s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | do several times a day and I am so talking about driving programs for one of tasks that you're never going to do again first because maybe is more efficient you can do it faster but second because I hope that writing programs is fun this is fun for me more finalists and doing things manually to write simple programs there is nothing like all good but she'll have | 550 | 574 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=550s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | been a developer for eighteen years and during those 18 years I have changed operating systems I have changed programming languages I have changed IDs I have changed my mind up about all kinds of ideas and practices the only thing that has been constant during those 18 years has been bash so I want to show a little demo about what bash can do for you the beginning of picking off in the fall | 574 | 602 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=574s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | I didn't cope so let's say that your business manager tells you that some other some other team has created a program and that program is collecting news and he wants to know how many news per country we are we have so you jump into the box and the first thing that you are going to do is write a program this is a program that is going to tell you how many news we have this is a program | 602 | 626 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=602s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | right from 4000 so now let's see what we have in one of those news so it seems that it's a piece of JSON right but kind of hard to read so we format it so we see here some news with an ID some social stats the site that we come from and we have here the country yeah so what we are going to do is write a little program to extract that country so country code quote single quote one | 626 | 660 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=626s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | single code okay let's see if that works yep so we see always make mouse here the country so now let's try to extract it we start doing grab - oh we get something and now we want to get the whole line so so you don't get too lost here it is our result country and then we have the u.s. so what we are going to do is now split the line with a split line with a delimiter of quote and one day feel I | 660 | 693 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=660s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | think is the threat of the fourth is the fourth feel cool so well now what we have it's a program to strike the news they the country for news so we just want to do the same for all the news and now we just need to sort it and count it this because we want to sort it again so we sit in order so we get that for this country there are around three thousand years but now that you have this program | 693 | 722 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=693s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | let's say that instead of the country we're interested on the side yeah we see there number of news per side but now your business manager comes inside like well I want to know what are the top three website for each country so we're just going to modify this program a little bit we grab country let's try for example I L and if I didn't get that wrong does that all the countries so we | 722 | 753 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=722s | Habits of Efficient Developers | |
9-cyC6O81Bk | just want we just want to sort them and take the top three that's it now we are going to format it so it all have chosen one line so now we have a program that for one given country it tell us the top three so we just need to do a for loop right we just need to find all the countries that we can get basically from our previous program and we just need to write a for loop for in this two we echo | 753 | 789 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-cyC6O81Bk&t=753s | Habits of Efficient Developers |
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