patrickbdevaney/mia9 · Datasets at Hugging Face

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should be decreased as quickly as possible to prevent weed invasions. Weeds should be
controlled monthly until the project is self-sustaining. Additional applications of pine straw may
be required. Pine straw should be clean, having no seeds. Pine straw can also be collected within
pine rockland on the same site as the planting area if there is enough. This would have the added
benefit of introducing seeds of pine rockland plant species from the same property.
4.15 Security
At times, it may be necessary to enforce certain security measures to ensure the preservation of
EEL pine rockland sites. These measures, which include but are not limited to, fencing, signage,
patrolling by county personnel, and continuous staffing of entrances to sites, are similar for all
EEL sites. Please refer to Part I, Section 5.4.5 of this management plan for details about the
security management policy for EEL preserves.
4.16 Partnerships
The EEL program has partnered with several Miami-Dade County agencies and organizations in
an effort to better protect and preserve EEL sites. These agencies include Miami-Dade County
Natural Areas Management (NAM), Miami-Dade County Park and Recreation Department, IRC,
FTBG, and the Nature Conservancy. Please refer to Part I of this management plan for details
about these agencies, and others, and how they play a role in the EEL program.
Management Policy
In the event of any security breach at any pine rockland EEL site, the site manager (or
any persons observing such a violation) should report such actions to the Miami-Dade
County Police Department, for proper investigation.
EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 44
5.0 Public Use of the Pine Rockland EEL Properties
Consistent with the defined goals of the EEL Program (refer to Part I, Section 5.3), prospective
public uses of pine rockland sites should avoid potential ill effects. Public use on all pine
rockland EEL sites will be managed in accordance with all management policies outlined in Part
I of this management plan. Part III of this management plan will provide site-specific
information for the uses that are allowed in each of the EEL preserves, taking into consideration
the need for preservation as well as the opportunities for primarily passive recreation.
EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 45
6.0 Monitoring, Research, and Information Needs
General monitoring, research, and information needs have been discussed in Part I of this
management plan. Long-term management of pine rocklands poses several challenges that will
require specific research to overcome. Additional issues that should be studied include:
• Appropriate densities of pine trees and understory shrubs and hardwoods
• Control of some exotic and problematic plant species including:
o Natal grass (currently being studied by Jennifer Possley at FTBG)
o Lacy bracken fern control with Asulox
o Control of growth and establishment of cabbage palmetto in drained pine
rocklands
• Site recovery and determination of restoration needs following intense fires
• Recreation of pine rockland vegetation on disturbed soils
Management Policy
Long-term biological research and monitoring must be conducted on pine rockland
EEL sites to determine appropriate vegetation densities, control exotic and
problematic plant species, and determine restoration needs following fires.
Furthermore, any research that benefits pine rockland EEL sites should be encouraged
and permitted.
EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 46
7.0 Literature Cited
Alexander, T.R. 1953. Plant succession on Key Largo, Florida, involving Pinus caribaea and
Quercus virginiana. Q.J. Fla. Acad. Sci. 16:133-138.
Alexander, T.R. 1967. A tropical hammock in the Miami (Florida) limestone: a twenty-five year
study. Ecology 48:863-867.
Barbour, T. 1931. Another introduced frog in North America. Copeia. 1936: 113-114.
Beckage, B., W.J. Platt, M.G. Slocum, B. Panko. 2003. Influence of the El Niño southern
oscillation on fire regimes in the Florida everglades. Ecology 84(12):3124-3130.
Bradley, K.A., and G.D. Gann. 1999. Status summaries of 12 rockland plant taxa in southern
Florida. Report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vero Beach, Florida.
Miami: The Institute for Regional Conservation.
Brandt, L.A. and F.J. Mazzotti. 2002. Marine toads (Bufo marinus). Document WEC 11.
Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Florida Cooperative Extension
Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Services, University of Florida, Florida.

Brenner, J., D. Wade. 2003. Florida's Revised Prescribed Fire Law: Protection For Responsible
Burners. Pages 132-136 in K.E.M. Galley, R.C. Klinger, and N.G. Sugihara (eds.).
Proceedings of Fire Conference 2000: The First National Congress on Fire Ecology,
Prevention, and Management. Miscellaneous Publication No. 13, Tall Timbers Research
Station, Tallahassee, FL
Castillo, D. 2001. Population estimates and behavioral analyses of managed cat (Felis Catus)
colonies located in Miami-Dade County, Florida, parks. MS Thesis. Florida International
University.
Castillo, D. and A. L. Clarke. 2003. Trap/Neuter/Release Methods Ineffective in Controlling
Domestic Car “Colonies” on Public Lands. Natural Areas Journal, 23(3): 247-253.
Clarke, A. and Pacin, T. 2002. Domestic cat "colonies" in natural areas: A growing exotic
species threat. Natural Areas Journal. 22(2): 154-159.
Craighead, F.C. 1971. The Trees of South Florida. Volume 1: The Natural Environments and
Their Succession. University of Miami Press. Coral Gables, Florida.
Craighead, F.C., and V.C. Gilbert. 1962. The effects of Hurricane Donna on the vegetation of
southern Florida. Quart. J. FL. Acad. Sci. 25(1):1-28.
Dade County Department of Environmental Resources Management [DERM]. 1995. Restoration
plan for Dade County’s pine rockland forests following Hurricane Andrew. Dade County
Department of Environmental Resources Management; Miami, Florida.
EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 47
Delis, P.R. and H.R. Mushinsky. 2005. Human disturbance and Florida anurans. In Amphibians
and Reptiles: status and conservation in Florida, eds. W.E. Meshaka and K.J. Babbitt, 15-
22.
Dressing, Stephen A. 2000. National Management Measures for the Control of Nonpoint
Pollution from Agriculture. Washington D.C.: United States Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Water.
Doren, R.F. 1993. Pine rocklands after Andrew: Damage, Response and Recovery. Abstracts,
Dade County Natural Areas: Post-Hurricane Research and Resource Management
Workshop, October 8, 1993.
Doren, R.F. W.J. Platt, and L.D. Whitaker. 1993. Density and size structure of slash pine stands
in the Everglades region of South Florida. Forest Ecology and Management. 59: 295-312.
Duever, M.J., J.E. Carlson, J.F. Meeder, L.C. Duever, L.H. Gunderson, L.A. Riopelle, T.A.

should be decreased as quickly as possible to prevent weed invasions. Weeds should be

controlled monthly until the project is self-sustaining. Additional applications of pine straw may

be required. Pine straw should be clean, having no seeds. Pine straw can also be collected within

pine rockland on the same site as the planting area if there is enough. This would have the added

benefit of introducing seeds of pine rockland plant species from the same property.

4.15 Security

At times, it may be necessary to enforce certain security measures to ensure the preservation of

EEL pine rockland sites. These measures, which include but are not limited to, fencing, signage,

patrolling by county personnel, and continuous staffing of entrances to sites, are similar for all

EEL sites. Please refer to Part I, Section 5.4.5 of this management plan for details about the

security management policy for EEL preserves.

4.16 Partnerships

The EEL program has partnered with several Miami-Dade County agencies and organizations in

an effort to better protect and preserve EEL sites. These agencies include Miami-Dade County

Natural Areas Management (NAM), Miami-Dade County Park and Recreation Department, IRC,

FTBG, and the Nature Conservancy. Please refer to Part I of this management plan for details

about these agencies, and others, and how they play a role in the EEL program.

Management Policy

In the event of any security breach at any pine rockland EEL site, the site manager (or

any persons observing such a violation) should report such actions to the Miami-Dade

County Police Department, for proper investigation.

EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 44

5.0 Public Use of the Pine Rockland EEL Properties

Consistent with the defined goals of the EEL Program (refer to Part I, Section 5.3), prospective

public uses of pine rockland sites should avoid potential ill effects. Public use on all pine

rockland EEL sites will be managed in accordance with all management policies outlined in Part

I of this management plan. Part III of this management plan will provide site-specific

information for the uses that are allowed in each of the EEL preserves, taking into consideration

the need for preservation as well as the opportunities for primarily passive recreation.

EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 45

6.0 Monitoring, Research, and Information Needs

General monitoring, research, and information needs have been discussed in Part I of this

management plan. Long-term management of pine rocklands poses several challenges that will

require specific research to overcome. Additional issues that should be studied include:

• Appropriate densities of pine trees and understory shrubs and hardwoods

• Control of some exotic and problematic plant species including:

o Natal grass (currently being studied by Jennifer Possley at FTBG)

o Lacy bracken fern control with Asulox

o Control of growth and establishment of cabbage palmetto in drained pine

rocklands

• Site recovery and determination of restoration needs following intense fires

• Recreation of pine rockland vegetation on disturbed soils

Management Policy

Long-term biological research and monitoring must be conducted on pine rockland

EEL sites to determine appropriate vegetation densities, control exotic and

problematic plant species, and determine restoration needs following fires.

Furthermore, any research that benefits pine rockland EEL sites should be encouraged

and permitted.

EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 46

7.0 Literature Cited

Alexander, T.R. 1953. Plant succession on Key Largo, Florida, involving Pinus caribaea and

Quercus virginiana. Q.J. Fla. Acad. Sci. 16:133-138.

Alexander, T.R. 1967. A tropical hammock in the Miami (Florida) limestone: a twenty-five year

study. Ecology 48:863-867.

Barbour, T. 1931. Another introduced frog in North America. Copeia. 1936: 113-114.

Beckage, B., W.J. Platt, M.G. Slocum, B. Panko. 2003. Influence of the El Niño southern

oscillation on fire regimes in the Florida everglades. Ecology 84(12):3124-3130.

Bradley, K.A., and G.D. Gann. 1999. Status summaries of 12 rockland plant taxa in southern

Florida. Report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vero Beach, Florida.

Miami: The Institute for Regional Conservation.

Brandt, L.A. and F.J. Mazzotti. 2002. Marine toads (Bufo marinus). Document WEC 11.

Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Florida Cooperative Extension

Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Services, University of Florida, Florida.

Brenner, J., D. Wade. 2003. Florida's Revised Prescribed Fire Law: Protection For Responsible

Burners. Pages 132-136 in K.E.M. Galley, R.C. Klinger, and N.G. Sugihara (eds.).

Proceedings of Fire Conference 2000: The First National Congress on Fire Ecology,

Prevention, and Management. Miscellaneous Publication No. 13, Tall Timbers Research

Station, Tallahassee, FL

Castillo, D. 2001. Population estimates and behavioral analyses of managed cat (Felis Catus)

colonies located in Miami-Dade County, Florida, parks. MS Thesis. Florida International

University.

Castillo, D. and A. L. Clarke. 2003. Trap/Neuter/Release Methods Ineffective in Controlling

Domestic Car “Colonies” on Public Lands. Natural Areas Journal, 23(3): 247-253.

Clarke, A. and Pacin, T. 2002. Domestic cat "colonies" in natural areas: A growing exotic

species threat. Natural Areas Journal. 22(2): 154-159.

Craighead, F.C. 1971. The Trees of South Florida. Volume 1: The Natural Environments and

Their Succession. University of Miami Press. Coral Gables, Florida.

Craighead, F.C., and V.C. Gilbert. 1962. The effects of Hurricane Donna on the vegetation of

southern Florida. Quart. J. FL. Acad. Sci. 25(1):1-28.

Dade County Department of Environmental Resources Management [DERM]. 1995. Restoration

plan for Dade County’s pine rockland forests following Hurricane Andrew. Dade County

Department of Environmental Resources Management; Miami, Florida.

EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 47

Delis, P.R. and H.R. Mushinsky. 2005. Human disturbance and Florida anurans. In Amphibians

and Reptiles: status and conservation in Florida, eds. W.E. Meshaka and K.J. Babbitt, 15-

22.

Dressing, Stephen A. 2000. National Management Measures for the Control of Nonpoint

Pollution from Agriculture. Washington D.C.: United States Environmental Protection

Agency, Office of Water.

Doren, R.F. 1993. Pine rocklands after Andrew: Damage, Response and Recovery. Abstracts,

Dade County Natural Areas: Post-Hurricane Research and Resource Management

Workshop, October 8, 1993.

Doren, R.F. W.J. Platt, and L.D. Whitaker. 1993. Density and size structure of slash pine stands

in the Everglades region of South Florida. Forest Ecology and Management. 59: 295-312.

Duever, M.J., J.E. Carlson, J.F. Meeder, L.C. Duever, L.H. Gunderson, L.A. Riopelle, T.A.