ISTANBUL—Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Friday that he hopes to hold snap elections on Nov. 1 after rejecting the main opposition party’s request to try to form a new government.

“We will take our country to an early election,” Mr. Erdogan said in Ankara. He said he would confer with the speaker of parliament to make the call after the 45-day period to form a government ends Sunday night.

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