A size comparison of four different snakes; comparing large individuals of the extant <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_anaconda" class="extiw" title="w:Green anaconda">green anaconda</a> (<i>Eunectes murinus</i>) and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reticulated_python" class="extiw" title="w:Reticulated python">reticulated python</a> (<i>Malayopython reticulatus</i>) to total length estimates of the extinct <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigantophis" class="extiw" title="w:Gigantophis">Gigantophis</a></i> and <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanoboa" class="extiw" title="w:Titanoboa">Titanoboa</a></i>.
<p><br></p>
<dl><dd>• The green anaconda is the largest (most massive) extant snake. The silhouette is scaled to 5.21 metres (17.1 ft) which was the longest measured and published in a study by Jesús Antonio Rivas that measured hundreds of anacondas.<sup id="cite_ref-Riv00_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Riv00-1">[1]</a></sup> There are reports of longer anacondas, but these reports have been questioned.<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Barker2012_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker2012-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SizeRecords_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SizeRecords-4">[4]</a></sup></dd>
<dd>• The reticulated python is the longest extant snake. The silhouette is scaled to 6.95 metres (22.8 ft) which is the length of a reliably measured wild reticulated python.<sup id="cite_ref-Fre05_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fre05-5">[5]</a></sup> A captive reticulated python named "Medusa" is reported to measure 7.67 metres (25.2 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> There are reports of ~10 metres (33 ft) specimens but these are questionable.<sup id="cite_ref-Barker2012_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker2012-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SizeRecords_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SizeRecords-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fre05_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fre05-5">[5]</a></sup></dd>
<dd>• <i>Gigantophis</i> is thought to be a member of the extinct snake family <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madtsoiidae" class="extiw" title="en:Madtsoiidae">Madtsoiidae</a>. <i>Gigantophis</i> is only known from a few vertebrae and the morphology of Madtsoiidae snakes are not very well known. However, <i>Gigantophis</i> has been estimated as one of the largest snakes to have lived. It was estimated between 9.3 and 10.7 metres (31 and 35 ft) in length by Jason Head &amp; P. David Polly in 2004 using regression analysis (the silhouette shown here is 10 metres (33 ft)). Another similar analysis by Jonathan P. Rio &amp; Philip D. Mannion estimated it at 6.9 metres (23 ft) (+/- 0.3 m).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2017desc_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2017desc-8">[8]</a></sup></dd>
<dd>• <i>Titanoboa</i> is known from vertebrae and skull material and estimates make it the largest snake known. In 2009, Jason Head and colleagues estimated it at 12.8 metres (42 ft) (+/-2.18 m) by measuring the vertebrae and performing a regression analysis. In a later conference abstract, Head et al. estimated a length of 14.3 metres (47 ft) (+/-1.28 m) based on skull material, and comparisons to <i>Eunectes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></dd>
<dd>• Human scaled to 180 cm (5 ft 11 in).</dd></dl><p><br></p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<ol class="references"><li id="cite_note-Riv00-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Riv00_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rivas, Jesús Antonio (2000) <cite>The life history of the green anaconda (<i>Eunectes murinus</i>), with emphasis on its reproductive Biology</cite> (<a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doctor_of_Philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Doctor of Philosophy (page does not exist)">Ph.D.</a>)<sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303202240/http://www.anacondas.org/diss/disser.pdf">[1]</a></sup> (<a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portable_Document_Format&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Portable Document Format (page does not exist)">PDF</a>), <a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Tennessee&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Tennessee (page does not exist)">University of Tennessee</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anacondas.org/diss/disser.pdf">the original</a> on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-03-03">2016-03-03</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Wood-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Wood_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Wood, Gerald (1983)      <i> The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats</i>  <small><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="extiw" title="en:International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>:  <a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85112-235-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85112-235-9">978-0-85112-235-9</a>. </small></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Barker2012-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Barker2012_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barker2012_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">G Barker, David (2012). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265083871_The_Corrected_Lengths_of_Two_Well-known_Giant_Pythons_and_the_Establishment_of_a_New_Maximum_Length_Record_for_Burmese_Pythons_Python_bivittatus">The Corrected Lengths of Two Well-known Giant Pythons and the Establishment of a New Maximum Length Record for Burmese Pythons, Python bivittatus</a>". <i>Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society</i> <b>47</b>: 165-168.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-SizeRecords-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-SizeRecords_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SizeRecords_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Murphy, John C. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://squamates.blogspot.com/p/sizerecords.html?m=1">Size Records for Giant Snakes</a>. <i>squamates.blogspot.com</i>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-02-17">February 17, 2020</span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Fre05-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Fre05_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fre05_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Fredriksson, G. M. (2005). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070811101110/http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/53/53rbz165-168.pdf">Predation on Sun Bears by Reticulated Python in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo</a>". <i>Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</i> <b>53</b> (1): 165–168. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/53/53rbz165-168.pdf">the original</a> on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2007-08-11">2007-08-11</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/longest-snake-ever-(captivity)">Longest snake in captivity ever</a>. <i>Guinness World Records</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2011-10-12">12 October 2011</span>). Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-02-17">February 17, 2020</span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Head, J. (2004). "They might be giants: morphometric methods for reconstructing body size in the world's largest snakes". <i><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Vertebrate_Paleontology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (page does not exist)">Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology</a></i> <b>24</b> (Supp. 3): 68A–69A. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="extiw" title="w:Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2004.10010643">10.1080/02724634.2004.10010643</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2017desc-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2017desc_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> (2017). "The osteology of the giant snake <i>Gigantophis garstini</i> from the upper Eocene of North Africa and its bearing on the phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Madtsoiidae". <i>Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology</i> <b>37</b> (4): e1347179. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="extiw" title="w:Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2017.1347179">10.1080/02724634.2017.1347179</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Head, Jason J. (2009). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nature07671">Giant boid snake from the Palaeocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures</a>". <i>Nature</i> <b>457</b> (7230): 715–717. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="extiw" title="w:Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07671">10.1038/nature07671</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="extiw" title="en:International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Head, Jason (2013). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280610583_Cranial_osteology_Body_Size_Systematics_and_Ecology_of_the_giant_Paleocene_Snake_Titanoboa_cerrejonensis">Cranial osteology, Body Size, Systematics, and Ecology of the giant Paleocene Snake Titanoboa cerrejonensis</a>". <i>Conference: 73nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology</i>: 140-141.</cite></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
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