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[ "Are solid masses made of crystals" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Renal calculi: Kidney stones. A common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. Occurs in 1 in 20 people at some time in their life. Development of the stones is related to decreased urine volume or increased excretion of stone-forming components such as calcium, oxalate, urate, cystine, xanthine, and phosphate.", "Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones). A stone that develops from crystals that form in urine and build up on the inner surfaces of the kidney, in the renal pelvis, or in the ureters. Kidney stones include calcium oxalate stones, cystine stones, struvite stones, and uric acid stones. They can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball, although stones that big are rare. If a kidney stone is small enough, it can move or pass through your urinary tract and out of your body on its own. If the stone is too large, however, it could get stuck in your kidney or ureter.", "Kidney stones. Kidney stones (renal lithiasis, nephrolithiasis) are small, hard mineral deposits that form inside your kidneys. The stones are made of mineral and acid salts. Kidney stones have many causes and can affect any part of your urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder. Often, stones form when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together. Passing kidney stones can be quite painful, but the stones usually cause no permanent damage.", "Calcium stones are the most common. They can be made of calcium oxalate (most common), phosphate, or maleate. Eating fewer oxalate-rich foods can reduce your risk of developing this type of stone. High-oxalate foods include potato chips, peanuts, chocolate, beets, and spinach. Recognizing the Symptoms and Signs of a Kidney Stone. Kidney stones are known to cause severe pain. Symptoms of kidney stones may not occur until the stone begins to move down the ureters. This severe pain is called renal colic. You may have pain on one side of your back or abdomen.", "uric acid calculus a hard, yellow or reddish-yellow urinary calculus formed from uric acid. urinary calculus a calculus in any part of the urinary tract; it is vesical when lodged in the bladder and renal (see kidney stone) when in the renal pelvis. Common types named for their primary components are oxalate calculi, phosphate calculi, and uric acid calculi. ", "1 Calculi in the urinary system are called urinary calculi and include kidney stones (also called renal calculi or nephroliths) and bladder stones (also called vesical calculi or cystoliths). 2 They can have any of several compositions, including mixed. 3 Principal compositions include oxalate and urate. Types of lithiasis [edit]. 1 ", "A kidney stone, also known as a renal calculus or nephrolith, is a solid piece of material which is formed in the kidneys from minerals in urine. Kidney stones typically leave the body in the urine stream, and a small stone may pass without causing symptoms. Other associated symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, fever, blood in the urine, pus in the urine, and painful urination. Blockage of the ureter can cause decreased kidney function and dilation of the kidney. Most stones form due to a combination of genetics and environmental factors.", "Kidney stones (renal lithiasis, nephrolithiasis) are small, hard mineral deposits that form inside your kidneys. The stones are made of mineral and acid salts. Kidney stones have many causes and can affect any part of your urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder. Often, stones form when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together. Passing kidney stones can be quite painful, but the stones usually cause no permanent damage.", "Kidney stones, or renal calculi, are solid masses made of crystals. Kidney stones usually originate in your kidneys, but can develop anywhere along your urinary tract. The urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Kidney stones are known to be one of the most painful medical conditions. Recognizing the Symptoms and Signs of a Kidney Stone. Kidney stones are known to cause severe pain. Symptoms of kidney stones may not occur until the stone begins to move down the ureters. This severe pain is called renal colic. You may have pain on one side of your back or abdomen.", "Nephrolithiasis specifically refers to calculi in the kidneys, but renal calculi and ureteral calculi (ureterolithiasis) are often discussed in conjunction. The majority of renal calculi contain calcium. Nephrolithiasis specifically refers to calculi in the kidneys, but this article discusses both renal calculi (see the first image below) and ureteral calculi (ureterolithiasis; see the second image below)." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6712", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001493/", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones/basics/definition/CON-20024829", "http://www.healthline.com/health/kidney-stones", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/renal+calculus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus_(medicine)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones/basics/definition/CON-20024829", "http://www.healthline.com/health/kidney-stones", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/437096-overview" ] }

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[ "It is found on the dorsal surface of the foot at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The Dorsalis Pedis (DP) Artery: Located just lateral to the extensor tendon of the big toe, which can be identified by asking the patient to flex their toe while you provide resistance to this movement. 2 Gently place the tips of your 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingers adjacent to the tendon and try to feel the pulse. ", "dorsalis pedis pulse, the pulse of the dorsalis pedis artery, palpable at the prominent arch of the top of the foot between the first and second metatarsal bones. It can be felt in approximately 90% of people. Other sites for pulse measurement include the side of the neck (carotid artery), the antecubital fossa (brachial artery), the temple (temporal artery), the anterior side of the hip bone (femoral artery), the back of the knee (popliteal artery), and the instep (dorsalis pedis artery).", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In human anatomy, the dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal artery of foot), is a blood vessel of the lower limb that carries oxygenated blood to the dorsal surface of the foot. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery.", "Normally, the dorsalis pedis pulse can be felt by the fingers, but in some conditions, such as shock and low blood pressure, and in some normal circumstances, an instrument called a doppler may be needed to find the dorsalis pedis pulse and amplify it so it can be heard. Dorsalis Pedis Pulse. Dorsalis Pedis Pulse: The dorsalis pedis pulse is one of the palpable pulses, tangible heartbeats that can be felt in various arterial sites throughout the body. The dorsalis pedis pulse can be felt on the top of the foot on the dorsalis pedis artery", "Dorsalis Pedis: To palpate pulse, place fingers just lateral to the extensor tendon of the great toe. If you cannot feel a pulse, move fingers more laterally. Posterior Tibial: To palpate pulse, place fingers behind and slightly below the medial malleolus of the ankle. In an obese or edematous ankle, the pulse may be more difficult to feel. Note: To enhance technique: Assume a comfortable position for you and the client.", "Location and Palpation of Pedal Pulses. Dorsalis Pedis: To palpate pulse, place fingers just lateral to the extensor tendon of the great toe. If you cannot feel a pulse, move fingers more laterally. Posterior Tibial: To palpate pulse, place fingers behind and slightly below the medial malleolus of the ankle. In an obese or edematous ankle, the pulse may be more difficult to feel. Note: To enhance technique: Assume a comfortable position for you and the client.", "The dorsalis pedis artery pulse can be palpated readily lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon (or medially to the extensor digitorum longus tendon) on the dorsal surface of the foot, distal to the dorsal most prominence of the navicular bone which serves as a reliable landmark for palpation. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery.", "dorsalis pedis pulse the pulse felt on the top of the foot, between the first and second metatarsal bones. In 8 to 10 per cent of the population this pulse cannot be detected. entoptic pulse a subjective sensation of seeing a flash of light in the dark with each heart beat. Other sites for pulse measurement include the side of the neck (carotid artery), the antecubital fossa (brachial artery), the temple (temporal artery), the anterior side of the hip bone (femoral artery), the back of the knee (popliteal artery), and the instep (dorsalis pedis artery)." ], "url": [ "http://meded.ucsd.edu/clinicalmed/extremities.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dorsalis+pedis+pulse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsalis_pedis_artery", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/organ/dorsalis_pedis_pulse.htm", "http://pda.rnao.ca/content/location-and-palpation-pedal-pulses", "http://pda.rnao.ca/content/location-and-palpation-pedal-pulses", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsalis_pedis_artery", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dorsalis+pedis+pulse" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. Fluid in the filtrate entering the proximal convoluted tubule is reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries. This is driven by sodium transport from the lumen into the blood by the Na+/K+ ATPase in the basolateral membrane of the epithelial cells.", "Role in Acid-Base Balance  Nephron regulates pH of urine by transport of H + , HCO 3- , and ammonia. ◦Na + /H exchangers recover Na and extrude H+, acidifying the urine ◦Cl - /HCO 3 -exchangers recover Cl, while alkalinizing primary urine  Exchangers occur throughout different parts of tubule. Reabsorption & Secretion.  As fluid passes into the lumen of the tubule, a filtrate is formed = primary urine  As fluid passes through the tubule, about 99% of the volume is recovered.  Remodeling of primary urine occurs as it passes through successive regions of tubule and results in the production of final urine.", "1. The net quantity of H+ ions excreted in the urine is equal to the amount of H+ excreted as titratable acidity and NH4+ minus any H+ added to the body because of urinary HCO3- loss. Net acid excretion(NAE) = titratable acidity + NH4+ - urinary HCO3-. In states of acidosis, maximal acidification of the urine in the collecting tubule must occur for adequate ammonium excretion. 8. In states of acidosis, ammonium excretion is increased by increasing ammonium production and increased hydrogen ion secretion in the collecting duct. 9.", "Because free hydrogens cannot be excreted in the urine easily, there are excreted with weak acids such as H2PO4- which function as urinary buffers. Now in the presence of an increased acid load, the phospate ions are used up and the kidney then increases its production of ammonium. What happens next to ammonium is somewhat complex. So before continuing, let us re-examine the rational behind ammonium excretion. Now remember; free hydrogen ions are not filtered by the kidney. Instead, they are secreted into the tublar fluid.", "This effect is minimized by having an acidic urine ph which keeps NH4+ in its protonated form. However, the urine does not become maximally acidified until the collecting tubule where secretion of hydrogen ions by intercalated cells significantly reduce the urine pH. What happens next to ammonium is somewhat complex. So before continuing, let us re-examine the rational behind ammonium excretion. Now remember; free hydrogen ions are not filtered by the kidney. Instead, they are secreted into the tublar fluid.", "(June 2011). The nephron (from Greek νεφρός - nephros, meaning kidney) is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. The hypertonicity of the medulla (and therefore concentration of urine) is determined in part by the size of the loop of Henle. Unlike the descending limb, the thin ascending limb is impermeable to water, a critical feature of the countercurrent exchange mechanism employed by the loop.", "Notice that the formation of urea consumes 2 molecules of bicarbonate. Therefore, in essence, the bicarbonate generated in the proximal tubule would be negated or cancelled out, and ammoniagenesis would not increase net acid excretion. What happens next to ammonium is somewhat complex. So before continuing, let us re-examine the rational behind ammonium excretion. Now remember; free hydrogen ions are not filtered by the kidney. Instead, they are secreted into the tublar fluid.", "Each nephron is composed of an initial filtering component (the renal corpuscle ) and a tubule specialized for reabsorption and secretion (the renal tubule). The renal corpuscle filters out solutes from the blood, delivering water and small solutes to the renal tubule for modification. The hypertonicity of the medulla (and therefore concentration of urine) is determined in part by the size of the loop of Henle. Unlike the descending limb, the thin ascending limb is impermeable to water, a critical feature of the countercurrent exchange mechanism employed by the loop." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximal_convoluted_tubule", "http://bio.classes.ucsc.edu/bio131/Thometz%20Website/17%20Osmoregulation%20II%20PPT.pdf", "http://fitsweb.uchc.edu/student/selectives/TimurGraham/Renal_acid_excretion_%20summary.html", "http://fitsweb.uchc.edu/student/selectives/TimurGraham/Role_of_Ammonium_Excretion.html", "http://fitsweb.uchc.edu/student/selectives/TimurGraham/Role_of_Ammonium_Excretion.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron", "http://fitsweb.uchc.edu/student/selectives/TimurGraham/Role_of_Ammonium_Excretion.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron" ] }

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[ "Pranic Healing is a claimed energy healing system developed and promoted by Choa Kok Sui which claims that prana (energy) can heal ailments in the body by manipulation of the person's energy field.", "It is a no touch healing technique that uses energy or prana to treat various illnesses in the physical, emotional and mental bodies." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Pranic Healing is a no touch healing technique that uses energy or prana to treat various illnesses in the physical, emotional and mental bodies. This prana is energy that comes the sun, the air, and the ground. Pranic Healing is one of those things that you do not consciously know that you are missing. It can take you as far as you want to go, in so many ways. It can show you how to take the pain out of a skinned knee or a burn.", "Two-day instructor-led Pranic Healing Course PRANIC HEALING is an advanced comprehensive system of subtle energy healing utilizing “prana”. Prana is an invisible bio-energy that keeps the body alive and healthy. When the normal flow of prana is disrupted, diseased energy accumulates which results in a body developing a physical or emotional problem. Pranic Healing is a simple yet powerful and effective method of energy healing. It teaches the complete cycle of techniques to detect energetic abnormalities, remove diseased energy, replace it with the new fresh energy then preserve it.", "Pranic Healing® requires no drugs, gadgets, not even physical contact with the subject. Physical contact is not required because the practitioner is working on the bioplasmic or energy body and not directly on the physical body. This energy body, or aura, is the mold or blueprint that surrounds and interpenetrates the physical body. It is the energy body that absorbs life energy and distributes it throughout the physical body, to the muscles, organs, glands, etc. The reason Pranic Healing ® works on the energy body is that physical ailments first appear as energetic disruptions in the aura before manifesting as problems i", "PRANIC HEALING. Pranic Healing is based on the overall structure of the human body. Man's whole physical body is actually composed of two parts: the visible physical body, and the invisible energy body called the bioplasmic body. Pranic healing is an ancient science and art of healing that utilizes prana or ki or life energy to heal the whole physical body.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Pranic Healing is a claimed energy healing system developed and promoted by Choa Kok Sui which claims that prana (energy) can heal ailments in the body by manipulation of the person's energy field. The Pranic Healing brand-name is a registered trademark of Institute for Inner Studies Inc, a for-profit company founded by Choa Kok Sui, based in Manila.", "Pranic Healing comes from two words: Prana, which means vital energy, and Healing. Pranic Healing is therefore a no-touch, no-drug complementary therapy system that uses prana to heal a wide range of physical and psychological ailments. Pranic Healing is highly systematic and scientific-based, which distinguishes it from other healing modalities. The physical body is basically composed of two parts: the visible physical body and the invisible physical body that is also known as the energy body, etheric body, bioplasmic body or the aura.", "Pranic Healing is a highly evolved and tested system of energy medicine developed by Grand Master Choa Kok Sui that utilizes prana to balance, harmonize and transform the body's energy processes. It is based on the fundamental principles that the body is a self-repairing living entity that possesses the ability to heal itself and that the healing process is accelerated by increasing this life force that is readily available from the sun, air and ground to address physical & emotional imbalances.", "About Pranic Healing. Pranic Healing is a no touch healing technique that uses energy or prana to treat various illnesses in the physical, emotional and mental bodies. This prana is energy that comes the sun, the air, and the ground. It is the natural energy that keeps the body healthy and alive. Pranic Healing is one of those things that you do not consciously know that you are missing. It can take you as far as you want to go, in so many ways. It can show you how to take the pain out of a skinned knee or a burn." ], "url": [ "http://www.pranichealing.net/about-pranic-healing/", "http://www.pranichealingcenter.com/pranic_healing.html", "https://www.pranichealing.com/what-pranic-healing", "http://suprapowers.com/pranic-healing.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranic_healing", "http://globalpranichealing.com/en/faqs/", "http://www.pranichealingcentre.com.au/What-Is-Pranic-Healing.html", "http://www.pranichealing.net/about-pranic-healing/" ] }

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[ "Igneous" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lava flow during a rift eruption at Krafla, Iceland in 1984. Lava is the molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption and the resulting rock after solidification and cooling. This molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites. The source of the heat that melts the rock within the earth is geothermal energy. When first erupted from a volcanic vent, lava is a liquid at temperatures from 700 to 1,200 °C (1,292 to 2,192 °F).", "A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a period of time. ", "A volcano is a vent or fissure in Earth's crust through which lava, ash, rock and gases erupt. A volcano is also a mountain formed by the accumulation of these eruptive products. Let's take a look at how volcanoes form: Earth's crust is 40 to 250 miles (64 to 402 kilometers) thick. It is broken up into 14 major and 38 smaller pieces called tectonic plates.", "The most common are the following: Basalt and gabbro are usually formed by volcanoes that have an oceanic crust origin, such as Hot Spot volcanoes such as the Hawaiian Islands. Andesitic rocks (Andesite) or Diorite are usually formed by subduction zone (strato-or compositive volcanoes) at convergent boundaries. Rhyolite (formed above ground-extrusive) and granite (intrusive-formed under ground and usually never reaches the surface under eruption conditions). Igneous rocks are also formed when volcanoes erupt, causing the magma to rise above the earth's surface. When magma appears above the earth, it is called lava. Igneous rocks are formed as the lava cools above ground. Source(s):", "Volcano rocks are igneous rocks that form during a volcanic eruption. They were all once magma which is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface. There are four major groups of the igneous rocks: basalt, andesite, dacite and rhyolite. Each of these different rock groups form different types of volcanoes.", "Underground, they are formed when the melted rock, called magma, deep within the earth becomes trapped in small pockets. As these pockets of magma cool slowly underground, the magma becomes igneous rocks. Igneous rocks are also formed when volcanoes erupt, causing the magma to rise above the earth's surface. When magma appears above the earth, it is called lava. Igneous rocks are formed as the lava cools above ground. Source(s):", "Volcanic rock (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) is a rock formed from magma erupted from a volcano. In other words, it differs from other igneous rock by being of volcanic origin. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always ==Characteristics==.", "Lava solidifies to rock. New Zealand has 3 main types of volcanoes, and each has been formed from a different type of magma. Once the lava has erupted, it cools and solidifies into rock: 1 Basalt magma often forms shield volcanoes. 2 Andesite magma often forms cone volcanoes. 3 Rhyolite magma often forms calderas. 4 Depending on how much gas the magma contains, it can also form cone volcanoes. Igneous rocks are formed from magma in the Earth’s mantle. They generally don’t contain fossils, don’t react with acids, don’t usually contain obvious layers, can be made of different minerals, sometimes have holes or bubbles and may be glassy in appearance." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jRfEGvp6wDU", "http://www.livescience.com/27295-volcanoes.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090222174653AADvZWA", "http://www.kids-fun-science.com/volcano-rocks.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090222174653AADvZWA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rock", "http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Volcanoes/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/Types-of-volcanic-rock" ] }

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[ "Fat digestion takes much longer than the digestion of carbohydrates and somewhat longer than the digestion of proteins." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Bile contains bile acids, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. 2 Many waste products, including bilirubin, are eliminated from the body by secretion into bile and elimination in feces.", "Protein is a large, complex molecule that must undergo a series of processes during digestion. During digestion and absorption, protein passes through many organs. Once protein is digested, the body can utilize its nutrients to build and repair many of the cells in the body.", "Digestion and absorption of fats. Most of the fat in the human diet is in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) , which consists of three fatty acids linked to glycerol. In the digestive tract, TAG is hydrolyzed by the enzyme lipase, to release free fatty acids and monoglycerides.", "A small amount of digestion of your food triglycerides begins in your stomach, although most occurs in your small intestine. In your small intestine, the fat molecules mix with a substance called bile, secreted from your gallbladder, that emulsifies the fat particles, or makes them more water-soluble. Your pancreas secretes a digestive enzyme, called lipase, into your small intestine, where it acts on the emulsified triglycerides.", "Digestion is the breakdown of food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body. The digestive system is actually a long hollow tube called the gastrointestinal tract, or GI tract. The digestive system includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.", "3. Fat Digestion. Fat digestion takes much longer than the digestion of carbohydrates and somewhat longer than the digestion of proteins. A raw salad consisting of nonstarchy vegetables can be digested within two to three hours.", "Secretion of Bile and the Role of Bile Acids In Digestion. Bile is a complex fluid containing water, electrolytes and a battery of organic molecules including bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids and bilirubin that flows through the biliary tract into the small intestine." ], "url": [ "http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/bile.html", "http://healthyliving.azcentral.com/describe-digestion-absorption-metabolism-protein-20041.html", "http://courses.washington.edu/conj/bess/fats/fats.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/503008-digestion-absorption-of-protein-fats/", "https://msu.edu/~potters6/te801/Biology/biounits/digestion.htm", "http://www.rawfoodexplained.com/fats/fat-digestion.html", "http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/bile.html" ] }

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[ "Female cows called as cow and male cows called as a steer, ox or bullock." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In places where beef-bovine meat-is eaten, the meat comes from both sexes of the cattle. The term cow refers to the female; the male animal is a bull and the young are cal … ves. The meat from the adult cattle is called beef; from the calf it is called veal. 3 people found this useful. The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow.", "The female counterpart to a bull is a cow, while a male of the species which has been castrated is a steer, ox or bullock, although in North America this last term refers to a young bull, and in Australia to a draught animal. Usage of these terms varies considerably with area and dialect. ", "Yes and no. They are not called male cows because technically, male cows don't exist. They, specifically referring to male non-fixed or castrated cattle, are called bulls.. … Cows are specifically female mature cattle. Bulls are male cattle. The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. Steer is a term you will hear as well. A Steer is a bull that has been neutered or castrated.", "Mature, intact male cattle that are used for breeding cows and heifers are called bulls. Intact male cattle that are almost, of or past weaning age but are younger than 2 years of age are called bullocks. ('Bullock' may also be a European term for a steer, according to the Canadian Oxford Dictionary.). The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. Steer is a term you will hear as well. A Steer is a bull that has been neutered or castrated.", "The male is called a Bull and the female a Cow. It's almost like learning … another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. A lot of people use the term 'Cow' in place of 'Cattle' as a sort of abbreviation. The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. Steer is a term you will hear as well. A Steer is a bull that has been neutered or castrated.", "Best Answer: There are several names applied to bovines (cattle), depending on their gender, age, and reproductive status. An adult female bovine that has given birth is called a cow. A young female bovine that has not given birth is called a heifer. An adult female that has not given birth is often called a heiferette. An intact (not castrated) adult male is a bull. A castrated male is a steer. A male cow is called a bull, a female", "1 Cow: a mature female bovine that has given birth to at least one or two calves. 2 Colloquially, the term cow is also in reference to the Bos primigenius species of domestic cattle, regardless of age, gender, breed or type. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_female_cow_called", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_male_cattle_or_male_cows_called", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_male_cattle_or_male_cows_called", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_male_cattle_or_male_cows_called", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101028194558AA9ebt8", "http://www.wikihow.com/Tell-the-Difference-Between-Bulls%2C-Cows%2C-Steers-and-Heifers" ] }

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[ "All objects, both natural and manmade, emit infrared light." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A typical television remote control uses infrared energy at a wavelength around 940 nanometers. While you cannot see the light emitting from a remote, some digital and cell phone cameras are sensitive to that wavelength of radiation. Try it out! Infrared lamps heat lamps often emit both visible and infrared energy at wavelengths between 500nm to 3000nm in length. ", "Thermal imaging is based on heat. All objects, both natural and manmade, emit infrared energy as heat. This energy is actually part of the upper infrared light spectrum. The energy waves can be collected and focused by the right equipment to create a visible image, even when something is not visible to the naked eye. Within the IR part of the spectrum, there is a long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrum. There, objects emit energy even when visible light is not present. Thermal imaging... 1 Can highlight people, animals, and objects. 2 Be used to track fugitives or vehicles. 3 Works in both daylight and darkness. 4 Can see through haze and smoke.", "Infrared (IR) is invisible radiant energy, electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, extending from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nanometers (frequency 430 THz) to 1 mm (300 GHz) (although people can see infrared up to at least 1050 nm in experiments). Infrared light from the Sun accounts for 49% of the heating of Earth, with the rest being caused by visible light that is absorbed then re-radiated at longer wavelengths. Visible light or ultraviolet-emitting lasers can char paper and incandescently hot objects emit visible radiation.", "Radiation. All objects give out and take in thermal radiation, which is also called infrared radiation. The hotter an object is, the more infrared radiation it emits. Light from the sun reaching earth. Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation that involves waves. No particles are involved, unlike in the processes of conduction and convection, so radiation can even work through the vacuum of space. ", "Most of the thermal radiation emitted by objects near room temperature is infrared. Infrared radiation was discovered in 1800 by astronomer Sir William Herschel, who discovered a type of invisible radiation in the spectrum lower in energy than red light, by means of its effect upon a thermometer. Infrared light from the Sun accounts for 49% of the heating of Earth, with the rest being caused by visible light that is absorbed then re-radiated at longer wavelengths. Visible light or ultraviolet-emitting lasers can char paper and incandescently hot objects emit visible radiation.", "When an object is not quite hot enough to radiate visible light, it will emit most of its energy in the infrared. For example, hot charcoal may not give off light but it does emit infrared radiation which we feel as heat. The warmer the object, the more infrared radiation it emits. Near infrared light is closest in wavelength to visible light and far infrared is closer to the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum.", "Infrared light has a range of wavelengths, just like visible light has wavelengths that range from red light to violet. Near infrared light is closest in wavelength to visible light and far infrared is closer to the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum.", "Report Abuse. Basically, hot objects emit infrared light. Infrared radiation is HEAT. So any object with a temperature greater than 0 absolute radiates infrared. Any technology producing heat (desired or not) will emit infrared. ", "Visible and infrared (IR) wavelengths are part of the continuous electromagnetic spectrum. Within the IR part of the spectrum, there is a long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrum. There, objects emit energy even when visible light is not present. Thermal imaging... 1 Can highlight people, animals, and objects. 2 Be used to track fugitives or vehicles. 3 Works in both daylight and darkness. 4 Can see through haze and smoke." ], "url": [ "http://missionscience.nasa.gov/ems/07_infraredwaves.html", "http://www.eotechinc.com/thermal-vision-technology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/energy/heatrev2.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared", "http://science.hq.nasa.gov/kids/imagers/ems/infrared.html", "http://science.hq.nasa.gov/kids/imagers/ems/infrared.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130322135930AAQMqbp", "http://www.eotechinc.com/thermal-vision-technology" ] }

[]

[ "Congo, Africa" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The river rises in North West Zambia at Mwinilunga. the zambezi river starts in congo. the zambezi river starts in congo. Africa. The river seven starts at the Cambrian mountains in mid wales. It is the longest river in Britain and finishes in the Bristol Channel. ", "Where Does the Nile River Start and End. 02 Nov, 2012 where does 0. The Nile River is a famous river that is located in Northeastern Africa. It is mentioned extensively in research and literature related to Egypt and the Egyptian empire. It is 6,650 km (4,130 miles) long and runs through a total of ten countries", "About the Zambezi River. The Zambezi is Africa’s fourth-largest river and is one of the finest and least spoilt rivers in the world. Its source rises from a tiny spring in North-western Zambia and flows for 2,700 kms into the Indian Ocean at its delta on the Mozambique coast. ", "How long is the Zambezi river in miles? The Zambezi river is 2,200 miles long, starting in Zambia, flowing through Angola, then along the borders of Namibia, Botswana, Zambia again, and Zimbabwe, then hrough Mozambi … que to the Indian Ocean. The river is 1599 miles long or 2574 Kms. 2 people found this useful. ", "The 2,574 km- (1,600 mile-) long river has its source in Zambia and flows through Angola, along the borders of Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, to Mozambique, where it empties into the Indian Ocean. The Zambezi's most spectacular feature is Victoria Falls, the world's largest waterfalls. ", "The Zambezi (also spelled Zambeze and Zambesi) is the fourth-longest river in Africa, the longest east flowing river in Africa and the largest flowing into the Indian Ocean from Africa. The area of its basin is 1,390,000 square kilometres (540,000 sq mi), slightly less than half that of the Nile. The lower Zambezi's 650 km from Cahora Bassa to the Indian Ocean is navigable, although the river is shallow in many places during the dry season. This shallowness arises as the river enters a broad valley and spreads out over a large area.", "The 2,574-kilometre-long river (1,599 mi) rises in Zambia and flows through eastern Angola, along the eastern border of Namibia and the northern border of Botswana, then along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe to Mozambique, where it crosses that country to empty into the Indian Ocean. The lower Zambezi's 650 km from Cahora Bassa to the Indian Ocean is navigable, although the river is shallow in many places during the dry season. This shallowness arises as the river enters a broad valley and spreads out over a large area.", "The Zambezi River is the forth longest river in Africa (after the Nile, Congo, and Niger) and the largest to discharge into the Indian Ocean from the African continent, flowing for about 2,574 kilometres from its source on the Central African Plateau to sea. The Zambezi River basin catchment area extends over the territory of eight countries-Zambia, Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Tanzania and Mozambique-a catchment area of 1,320,000 km2 with a cumulative mean annual flow of approximately 97 km3 - making it the largest river in southern Africa.", "The Zambezi – in short. The Zambezi river of southern Africa is the fourth longest of the continent, about 3540 km long and draining an area of some 1.3 million sq km. It rises in northwestern Zambia and flows in a double S curve southeast to the Indian Ocean. ", "Zambia Tourism. he Zambezi is Africa’s fourth largest River system, after the Nile, Zaire and Niger Rivers. It runs through six countries on it’s journey from central Africa to the Indian Ocean. Its unique value is that it is less developed than others in terms of human settlement and many areas along it’s banks enjoy protected status." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_does_the_Zambezi_River_start", "http://wanttoknowit.com/where-does-the-nile-river-start-and-end/", "http://www.zamsoc.org/?page_id=636", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_does_the_Zambezi_River_begin", "http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/z/Zambezi.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi", "http://www.tothevictoriafalls.com/vfpages/zambezi.html", "http://www.tigerfishfrenzy.com/3zambezi.htm", "http://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/rivers/zambezi" ] }

[]

[ "The Golden Gate Bridge has two main towers that support the two main cables. The height of a tower above water is 746 ft (227 m). The height of a tower above roadway is 500 ft (152 m)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Golden Gate Bridge's clearance above high water averages 220 feet (67 m) while its towers, at 746 feet (227 m) above the water, were the world's tallest on a suspension bridge until 1998 when bridges in Denmark and Japan were completed. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "Although the idea of a bridge spanning the Golden Gate was not new, the proposal that eventually took hold was made in a 1916 San Francisco Bulletin article by former engineering student James Wilkins. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "The structure links the U.S. city of San Francisco, on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, to Marin County, bridging both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1 across the strait. The bridge is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and the United States. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "The Golden Gate Bridge is one of the longest suspension bridges in the world. Built across the Golden Gate or the opening of the San Francisco Bay into the Pacific Ocean, the Golden Gate Bridge is a symbol of great engineering feats. Connecting the city of San Francisco and California, the Golden Gate is a well-known civil engineering symbol not only in America, but throughout the world. ", "Crossing the bridge. Even though there is a sidewalk on the Golden Gate Bridge, it's quite a challenge to cross the bridge. Not only is it almost 3km long, but it is a breathtaking 67 meter (220ft) above sea level. In extreme circumstances the bridge can sway almost 28ft (8 meter). When the bridge was completed in 1937 it was the world's longest and tallest suspension bridge. Golden Gate Bridge. But above all this masterly example of engineering is a magnificent monument set against a beautiful backdrop.", "The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate strait, the 1 mile (1.6 km) wide, 3 mile (5 km) long channel between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "The Golden Gate Bridge has two main towers that support the two main cables. The height of a tower above water is 746 ft (227 m). The height of a tower above roadway is 500 ft (152 m). Tower base dimension (each leg) is 33 ft x 54 ft (10 m x 16 m). Bridge Deflection, Load Capacity. Watch this video to see how the Golden Gate Bridge can move up and down by as much as 16 feet ! At midspan, the maximum downward deflection (or the distance the Bridge was built to move downward) is 10.8 ft (3.3.", "The Golden Gate Bridge that was completed in 1937 is a suspense on bridge connecting the San Francisco Bay with the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge is considered to be a globally renowned representation of San Francisco and California. Design Considerations of The Golden Gate Bridge. The design of a suspension bridge is a com plicated work that needs considerable mathematical proficiency and engineering capability. The design has multiple aspects that require extensive deliberations since all materials deform on the application of loads.", "Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge started in 1933. The bridge, which was designed by engineer Joseph Strauss was built to connect San Francisco with Marin County across the 1600 meter (+5000ft) wide strait known as the Golden Gate which links the San Francisco Bay with the Pacific Ocean. When the bridge was completed in 1937 it was the world's longest and tallest suspension bridge. Golden Gate Bridge. But above all this masterly example of engineering is a magnificent monument set against a beautiful backdrop.", "Golden Gate Bridge Facts. The Golden Gate Bridge links the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula to Marin County. This suspension bridge is an iconic symbol of San Francisco, California. It spans the Golden Gate, the part of San Francisco Bay that opens to the Pacific Ocean. It took only four years to build and was opened in 1937 for traffic. The bridge itself was believed to be impossible to build but after almost 100 years of discussion it was completed. Prior to the Golden Gate Bridge the only short way across the bay was by boat. A ferry ran from approximately 1820, but it wasn't until 1867 that a full ferry service began. By the 1920s this ferry company was the largest of its kind in the world." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "http://www.archinomy.com/case-studies/1908/golden-gate-bridge-san-francisco", "http://www.aviewoncities.com/sf/goldengatebridge.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "http://goldengatebridge.org/research/factsGGBDesign.php", "http://www.brighthubengineering.com/structural-engineering/48804-facts-about-the-golden-gate-bridge/", "http://www.aviewoncities.com/sf/goldengatebridge.htm", "http://www.softschools.com/facts/wonders_of_the_world/golden_gate_bridge_facts/103/" ] }

[]

[ "Hot oil" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Optitherm® III infrared thermometer temperature measurement system uses fiber optics and the latest pulsed laser infrared technology to measure precisely a single or multi-wafer temperature during in-situ epitaxial growth in CVD, MBE, MOCVD or sputtering applications.", "As such, the infrared thermometer is useful for measuring temperature under circumstances where thermocouples or other probe type sensors cannot be used or do not produce accurate data for a variety of reasons.", "A thermometer is a device that measures the temperature of things. The name is made up of two smaller words: Thermo means heat and meter means to measure. You can use a thermometer to tell the temperature outside or inside your house, inside your oven, even the temperature of your body if you're sick.", " A rectal thermometer is the most accurate way to measure body temperature, especially in small children. Non-contact infrared thermometers (NCITs)  Depending on the manufacturer, NCITs are held between 1.2 and 6 inches (3-15 cm) from the body.", "up vote 9 down vote. Infrared thermometers work very well when measuring the temperature of hot oil. For deep frying it's not a big deal, as standard probe thermometers work fine. But for shallow frying or sauteeing, the IR thermometer does an excellent job at providing the temperature of the oil.", "The temperature of the air is a measure of how quickly the molecules are moving. The more energy of motion the molecules have, the higher the temperature you feel in the air. Air temperature is measured with thermometers. Common thermometers consist of a glass rod with a very thin tube in it. The tube contains a liquid that is supplied from a reservoir, or bulb, at the base of the thermometer. Sometimes the liquid is mercury, and sometimes it is red-colored alcohol.", "What we measure as the temperature is always related to the average speed of the molecules in a system. Click here To view a java applet which shows how molecules move at different temperatures." ], "url": [ "http://www.pyrometer.com/products/optiherm-iii", "http://www.omega.com/prodinfo/infraredthermometer.html", "http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/how_it_works/thermometer.html", "http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/pdf/ebola-non-contact-temperature-measurement-guidance.pdf", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/1093/what-can-you-do-with-an-infrared-thermometer", "http://www.k5geosource.org/1content/1sc/weather/pg2.html", "http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/light_lessons/thermal/measure.html" ] }

[]

[ "9 and 12 feet" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "For the tauren, nature is the mother of the world, and their faith holds a deep and resonant tone within their hearts. Tauren are connected to the ebb and flow of the world. They revere the spirits of the land and of their ancestors, and they turn to these spirits for wisdom and guidance. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "Goblins are slight and wiry, averaging 3 feet in height. ...average goblin is 3 feet... A high elf is usually a little over 6 feet in height. Humans average 6 feet in height. The average dwarf stands between 4 feet and 5 feet in height. Jungle trolls are lean and wiry, averaging 7 feet tall. Males are on average 7 feet tall. Orcs average between 6 to 7 feet in height. ", "Tauren (shu'halo in their native language of Taur-ahe) are huge nomadic creatures who live on the grassy, open plains of Mulgore in central Kalimdor. Tauren are large, muscular humanoids and bovine in appearance, complete with hooves and horns. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "According to the World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade game manual, tauren females are 6.5 feet and males are 8 feet tall. However, according to Blizzard 's internal bible, females are 9 feet and males are 10 feet tall on average. Blizzard is working to make their internal height values publicly available. ", "7'2 - 9'. 6'10 - 8'8. 7 1/2 feet [8]. 1 Goblins are slight and wiry, averaging 3 feet in height. ...average goblin is 3 feet... 2 A high elf is usually a little over 6 feet in height. 3 Humans average 6 feet in height. 4 The average dwarf stands between 4 feet and 5 feet in height. 5 Jungle trolls are lean and wiry, averaging 7 feet tall. 6 Males are on average 7 feet tall. 7 Orcs average between 6 to 7", "The size range of Tauren males is roughly between 9 and 12 feet for males. The ingame model is not correct, ranging only 8 feet tall. Sean Copeland suspects this was done because even with the 8 feet model Taurens have trouble fitting in spaces made for other races. this was confirmed by Sean Copeland with twitter.The size range of Tauren males is roughly between 9 and 12 feet for males.", "Tauren stand anywhere from nine to twelve feet tall and weigh anywhere from 650 to 1000 lbs. Their immense bodies are covered with fine, short fur that ranges in color from black, gray, white, red, brown and tan and any mottled combinations or variations thereof. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "The tauren race is presumed to be as old as the night elves since both races are said to have awoken during the creation of the world. Much like the elves, they have a strong attunement to nature and the elemental spirits. Thus, their society is largely based on shamanism. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "12780. 26/04/2015 14:09Posted by RagornTauren males average 10.5 feet tall. this was confirmed by Sean Copeland with twitter.The size range of Tauren males is roughly between 9 and 12 feet for males.The ingame model is not correct, ranging only 8 feet tall. Sean Copeland suspects this was done because even with the 8 feet model Taurens have trouble fitting in spaces made for other races." ], "url": [ "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Height", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://wow.gamepedia.com/Tauren", "http://wow.gamepedia.com/Height", "http://eu.battle.net/wow/en/forum/topic/14381289405", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://eu.battle.net/wow/en/forum/topic/14381289405" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "GTAW, CC-CV multi process types of used welding machines and welder power sources. MIG, TIG, SAW, SMAW, Stick, Sub Arc equipment, Submerged arc welders, Pulse Mig, Plasma Welders and GMAW MIG wire feeders as well as push pull soft metal wire feeders and automatic welding process controllers.", "WELDING EQUIPMENT. Welding equipment includes stick welders, tig welders, MIG welders, multi-process welders, advanced process welders, multi-operator welders, engine drives, submerged arc equipment, and wire feeders for arc welding. CUTT", "A wire feeder may be used for machine or automatic welding and must be the constant speed type. The wire feeder must have a speed adjustment covering the range of from 10 in. per minute (254 mm per minute) to 125 in. per minute (3.18 m per minute) feed speed. PAW or plasma arc welding using an automated process. The electric arc is formed in between the work piece and the electrode.", "MobileFeed 201AVS A versatile voltage-sensing wire feeder foruse with any CV or CC welding power supply. MobileFeed 301AVS A versatile voltage-sensing Wire feeder for use with any CV or CC welding power supply. Origo Feed 3004 MA23 Optimized to operate together with the Origo Mig 4002c and 6502c. It can also be used with the Aristo Mig U5000i. The MA23 features manual MIG and Stick welding control from the wire feeder and the Tr ..." ], "url": [ "http://www.weldplus.com/welderlist.asp", "http://www.lincolnelectric.com/en-us/equipment/Pages/welding-cutting-equipment.aspx", "http://www.weldguru.com/plasma-welding.html", "http://www.esabna.com/us/en/products/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.productsbycategory&catId=14" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "No Unycorns. http://honestnutrition.blogspot.com/2009/02/stress-and-sleep-melatonin-and-co... Sleep allows an overactive adrenal to rest overnight, also allowing your melatonin to give you a good night's sleep. Cortisol and melatonin are agonists, and fight for dominance. Cortisol is a stress hormone made by the adrenal gland and melatonin is an antioxidant sleep hormone produced by the pineal gland at night, in darkness.", "Definition: Cortisol is a natural steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland cortex. It has a strong diurnal variation, generally high early in the morning and falling during the day. Cortisol level typically increases over the first few minutes of the day, reaching a peak 20-30 minutes after waking.", "Conflicting evidence for a regulatory role of melatonin on adrenal cortisol production, prompted us to investigate this possibility in a New World primate, the capuchin monkey.", "Melatonin and cortisol switches during mania, depression, and euthymia in a drug-free bipolar patient by Kennedy SH, Tighe S, McVey G, Brown GM Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ow melatonin and elevated cortisol levels have typically been reported during depression.", "mt1 Melatonin receptor in the primate adrenal gland: inhibition of adrenocorticotropin-stimulated cortisol production by melatonin.", "The evidence that the converse is true during mania has been less well documented. In a single case design, repeated measures of nocturnal melatonin and cortisol were taken during mania, depression, and euthymia.", "However, cortisol production stimulated by 100 nM ACTH was significantly inhibited by low melatonin concentrations (0.1-100 nM); this inhibitory effect was reversed by the mt1/MT2 melatonin antagonist luzindole." ], "url": [ "http://www.curezone.org/forums/am.asp?i=1722571", "http://www.raysahelian.com/cortisol.html", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519889", "http://www.biopsychiatry.com/melcortbi.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519889", "http://www.biopsychiatry.com/melcortbi.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519889" ] }

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[]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "I bought it and brought it home, and put it on my desk at work where I can see it every day. Now, whenever I receive a prayer request or hear of someone in need, I write it on a slip of paper and put down the date. Then I drop it in the bowl. Lord, I pray, please remember everyone in this bowl. ", "Follow prayer bowl to get e-mail alerts and updates on your eBay Feed. ", "Product Description. Pretty prayer bowl in intricate design, in sparkling silver tones and amazing detail; write your prayer down and place it in the prayer bowl as a reminder that God is the one who can supply all your needs. Also a meaningful way to write down the blessings and answers to prayer that you have received. $16.99. Pretty prayer bowl in intricate design, in sparkling silver tones and amazing detail; write your prayer down and place it in the prayer bowl as a reminder that God is the one who can supply all your needs. Also a meaningful way to write down the blessings and answers to prayer that you have received.", "My Story. I am a believer in the power of prayer. A few years ago I was extremely sick. Family, friends, and even strangers lifted me up to God in prayer as I went through many surgeries and treatments. ", "we made PrayerBowls to help. So many times we hear of a prayer request at church, Bible study, through social media or email, and we pray for that person at that time. Often, we quickly forget to offer a prayer again while we shuffle back into our daily routine…but God tells us to pray continuously. ", "Note: We currently have a very limited selection of Amethyst Prayer Bowls available and hope to get more Moss Agate ones soon. As you can see from the picture, the translucent Moss Agate contains beautiful green and white dendrites, which make imaginative patterns for meditation. Moss Agate is associated with nature and agriculture, and brings new beginnings.", "Article in Vegetarian Times. is dedicated to creating peace in people’s lives and the world one bowl, one prayer at a time. We believe when people create an intention that peace on our planet is an idea whose time has come and is obtainable now, we can create that reality. A percent of our profits go directly to organizations that are actively promoting peace through the Eat in Peace Foundation.", "- We couldn't resist carrying these gorgeous Prayer Bowls. These carefully cut and polished Prayer Bowls are made in India. As you can see from the picture, the translucent Moss Agate contains beautiful green and white dendrites, which make imaginative patterns for meditation. Moss Agate is associated with nature and agriculture, and brings new beginnings.", "Worlds Largest Selection of Singing Bowls. Known as the roof of the world, the Himalayan expanse is full of myths and mystery and home to many unique instruments of meditation and relaxation. " ], "url": [ "https://www.guideposts.org/prayer/how-to-pray-effectively/the-prayer-bowl", "http://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_nkw=prayer+bowl", "http://www.christianbook.com/prayer-bowl-silver/pd/214429X", "http://prayerbowls.com/my-story/", "http://prayerbowls.com/", "http://www.healingcrystals.com/Prayer_Bowl_-_Moss_Agate_Prayer_Bowls__India_.html", "http://www.peaceprayerbowls.com/index.php", "http://www.healingcrystals.com/Prayer_Bowl_-_Moss_Agate_Prayer_Bowls__India_.html", "http://www.silverskyimports.com/" ] }

[]

[ "1-3 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Everyone is different, and it really does depend on how many calories you consume.(contrary to popular belief you cannot eat an endless amount of bacon and eggs) I lose weight really fast when I Atkins, I can drop 10-15 lbs in the first two weeks, then 3-4 lbs a week after that. ", "IMO actually being in ketosis isn't really that important, you will get the benefit of a low carb diet as long as you are under 100 grams of carbs or so split evenly through the day made up mostly of fibrous veggies. Dec. 07/08, 02:49 PM #9. Originally Posted by realworksuks takes me about 5 days okay thanks. I'll assume about a week I guess. So far no fatigue-I heard people get headaches and start getting tired from the lack of carbs. I got no Fats in the house, past 2 days I have gotten out to go buy some.", "The rate of weight loss on a ketosis diet varies, and how long it takes to work depends on how much weight you need to lose, but you may be able to lose more than 12 pounds in a month. Getting Into Ketosis. Your body's preferred source of fuel is glucose, which is derived from carbohydrates. When fasting, your body undergoes hormonal changes that stimulate the release of fat from your fat cells, where it is transported to the liver and made into ketones, which are then used for energy.", "My question is adressed in the first place to those who follow lc diets that require you to monitor whether you're in ketosis or not, such as atkins, stillman's etc. How many days does it take you until you know you're in ketosis? When do you usually start developing first symptoms of ketosis? WOE: Atkins. I use ketosticks to check, and it takes me 2 days to get into ketosis. __________________. There are no elevators to success-you have to take the stairs.", "Eugenia 11687 · June 10, 2012 at 9:34 PM. It only takes 1-3 days to get into ketosis. But getting in ketosis is easy, becoming keto-adapted is the tricky part. It usually takes a month to get to the first stage of becoming keto-adapted, and it takes up to 2 years to fully train your body to use ketones fully. Add Comment 8 Comments. ", "If you go on a binge, it can take you a couple of days or more to eliminate the glycogen out of your liver. If you just have a few extra carbs, then no it does not take 3 days to get back into ketosis. If I have a piece of chocolate cake, for example, it only takes me a day to get back on track. The body only has the capacity to store about 300 to 400 grams of carbs, so if you've been following Atkins Induction correctly or Protein Power (20 to 30 net carbs per day), after 5 days you'll definitely be in Ketosis even if it's not showing up on the Ketone sticks.", "Weight Loss. When followed as advised, people on a ketogenic diet for weight loss lose weight and lose it quickly, according to dietitian Juliette Kellow. According to a 2008 study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, men who followed a ketogenic diet for four weeks lost an average of 12 pounds. Getting Into Ketosis. Your body's preferred source of fuel is glucose, which is derived from carbohydrates. When fasting, your body undergoes hormonal changes that stimulate the release of fat from your fat cells, where it is transported to the liver and made into ketones, which are then used for energy.", "If you are eating 20 to 60 grams of carbs, and weight training (I will assume at least 3 times a week-heavy)--dependent on the length of the low carb period, and levels of intensity, volume, etc, in your training......there is a good chance your glucose stores are very low (or even depleted). Originally Posted by realworksuks takes me about 5 days okay thanks. I'll assume about a week I guess. So far no fatigue-I heard people get headaches and start getting tired from the lack of carbs. I got no Fats in the house, past 2 days I have gotten out to go buy some.", "Wal Mart pharmacy behind the counter of by the diabetic stuff. $7.00 for 50 of them. Work pretty good. Also I heard in light of the holiday that if you cheat, exceed the ketosis threshold of carbs, it can take up to 3 days for your body to go back to burning phat. Originally Posted by realworksuks takes me about 5 days okay thanks. I'll assume about a week I guess. So far no fatigue-I heard people get headaches and start getting tired from the lack of carbs. I got no Fats in the house, past 2 days I have gotten out to go buy some." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061201132916AANieH2", "http://training.fitness.com/nutrition/how-long-does-take-get-into-ketosis-37327.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/553603-how-long-does-it-take-for-the-ketosis-diet-to-work/", "http://www.lowcarbfriends.com/bbs/main-lowcarb-lobby/615366-how-long-does-take-you-get-yourself-into-ketosis.html", "http://www.paleohacks.com/ketosis/how-long-does-it-take-to-reach-ketosis-16885", "http://kickincarbclutter.blogspot.com/2011/05/how-do-i-get-back-into-ketosis-faster.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/553603-how-long-does-it-take-for-the-ketosis-diet-to-work/", "http://training.fitness.com/nutrition/how-long-does-take-get-into-ketosis-37327.html", "http://training.fitness.com/nutrition/how-long-does-take-get-into-ketosis-37327.html" ] }

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[ "A Depository Participant (DP) is described as an agent of the depository.They are the intermediaries between the depository and the investors. The relationship between the DPs and the depository is governed by an agreement made between the two under the Depositories Act.", "It is described as an agent of the depository.They are the intermediaries between the depository and the investors. The relationship between the DPs and the depository is governed by an agreement made between the two under the Depositories Act." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Depository participant provides the service of opening a demat account to the investor; they are coming with different schemes like three-in-one demat account, free demat account etc to lure the investors to open an account with them. Function of Depository: One of the main function of the Depository is to transfer the ownership of shares from one investor`s account to another investor`s account whenever the trade takes place.", "A depository is an organisation which holds securities (like shares, debentures, bonds, government securities, mutual fund units etc.) of investors in electronic form at the request of the investors through a registered depository participant. It also provides services related to transactions in securities. 2. All the benefits of the dematerialized shares are given to the actual investor since the depository holds the securities in a fiduciary capacity on behalf of the investors who have opened a demat account with the depository. Hence, the actual investor is the “Beneficial Owner” (BO) of the", "A depository is an organisation which holds securities (like shares, debentures, bonds, government securities, mutual fund units etc.) of investors in electronic form at the request of the investors through a registered Depository Participant. It also provides services related to transactions in securities. 2. ", "DEFINITION of 'Depository'. On the simplest level, depository is used to refer to any place where something is deposited for storage or security purposes. More specifically, it can refer to a company, bank or an institution that holds and facilitates the exchange of securities. BREAKING DOWN 'Depository'. Central security depositories allow brokers and other financial companies to deposit securities where book entry and other services can be performed, like clearance, settlement and securities borrowing and lending.", "Parties involved in Depository System: 1 Depository: facilitates the smooth flow of trading and ensure the investor`s about their investment in securities. 2 Depository Participant(DP): provides the service of opening a demat account to the investor. 3 Investor: individual invested in securities. Function of Depository: One of the main function of the Depository is to transfer the ownership of shares from one investor`s account to another investor`s account whenever the trade takes place.", "In a strictly legal sense, a DP is an entity who is registered as such with SEBI under the sub section 1A of Section 12 of the SEBI Act. As per the provisions of this Act, a DP can offer depository-related services only after obtaining a certificate of registration from SEBI. These intermediaries are known as Depositories Participants. Fundamentally, There are two sorts of depositories in India. One is the National Securities Depository Limited(NSDL) and the other is the Central Depository Service (India) Limited(CDSL).", "In India, a Depository Participant (DP) is described as an agent of the depository. They are the intermediaries between the depository and the investors. The relationship between the DPs and the depository is governed by an agreement made between the two under the Depositories Act. These intermediaries are known as Depositories Participants. Fundamentally, There are two sorts of depositories in India. One is the National Securities Depository Limited(NSDL) and the other is the Central Depository Service (India) Limited(CDSL).", "Dematerialisation or Demat Account is an account that holds the investors securities such as shares, debentures, mutual fund etc in a dematerialised or an electronic form. A buy transaction will result in a credit entry while a sell transaction leads to debit entry in a demat account. Function of Depository: One of the main function of the Depository is to transfer the ownership of shares from one investor`s account to another investor`s account whenever the trade takes place.", "A Depository Participant (DP) is an agent of the depository through which it interfaces with the investor. A DP can offer depository services only after it gets proper registration from SEBI. A Depository can be compared with a bank, likewise a DP may be compared with a branch of a bank. ", "Depository participant provides the service of opening a demat account to the investor; they are coming with different schemes like three-in-one demat account, free demat account etc to lure the investors to open an account with them. We have 2 depositories in India which are well known as NSDL (National securities depository limited) and CSDL (Central Depository Services (India) Limited). They interface with the investors through their agents called Depository participants (DPs) ." ], "url": [ "http://www.financialgyaan.com/dictionary/depository/", "http://www.sebi.gov.in/cms/sebi_data/attachdocs/1357620708118.pdf", "http://www.sebi.gov.in/faq/faqdemat.html", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/depository.asp", "http://www.financialgyaan.com/dictionary/depository/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depository_participant", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depository_participant", "http://www.financialgyaan.com/dictionary/depository/", "http://capitalmarket.webtutorials4u.com/home/2009/09/depository-participant/", "http://www.financialgyaan.com/dictionary/depository-participants/" ] }

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[ "$5 to $10 to have a single-page" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The prize is only worth $60, and I have never had anything notarized-so I'm wondering if it would be worth it to go through the hassle of having it... show more I recently won a contest/drawing online and in order to claim my prize, I have to fill out an affidavit and have it notarized by a notary public. The prize is only worth $60, and I have never had anything notarized-so I'm wondering if it would be worth it to go through the hassle of having it... Source(s): cost signed notary public process work: https://tr.im/7TQxW. Finley · 2 months ago.", "Most Mailboxes USA or Etc. have notaries on call as well. Cost is specific by state. In CA, it's $10 per signature witnessed (so if two people are signing or two documents are being signed by one person, it'd be $20 for example). Bring the document(s) with you when you appear before the notary. You will be required to provide a valid ID and possibly a thumb print. Look up a Notaries Public in your local yellow pages. The last time I had to pay I paid something like $5 - $10 per document...but that may be different from notary to notary and place to place.... Otherwise, check with your bank. Most banks offer FREE notary services to their account holders (Bank of America does)", "Best Answer: Most likely your local bank has a notary and it should be free or at most ten dollars. You will need to sign the affidavit in front of the notary and she will stamp the paperwork and record your name. It's that easy!!! The prize is only worth $60, and I have never had anything notarized-so I'm wondering if it would be worth it to go through the hassle of having it... Source(s): cost signed notary public process work: https://tr.im/7TQxW. Finley · 2 months ago.", "1 On average, a notary is going to anywhere from $0 to as much as $10. 2 More than likely, you will find that your local bank will notarize something for free as long as you are a customer of that particular bank and they have a notary on staff. What are the extra costs? 1 If the notary has to come to your location, a delivery charge will more than likely apply. 2 Like the document fees, many states have laws that forbid the notary from charging too much “per mile.”. 3 If copies have to be made, this can be anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 per copy.", "There are many situations in which a notary may be necessary, and many different services that a notary can offer. The cost of a notary will really depend upon the company, the amount of work that may have to be done, and other factors. 1 On average, a notary is going to anywhere from $0 to as much as $10. What are the extra costs? 1 If the notary has to come to your location, a delivery charge will more than likely apply. 2 Like the document fees, many states have laws that forbid the notary from charging too much “per mile.”. 3 If copies have to be made, this can be anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 per copy.", "State-imposed ceilings on notary fees vary considerably. For example, in Massachusetts the fee limit is $1.25, while in California it is $10. Notaries are easy to locate. You’ll find them at banks, law firms and realty offices. Courts and county clerk’s offices are other places to locate a notary public when you need one. Every Signature Counts. A key point to remember is that notaries charge on a per signature basis. Suppose a husband and wife both sign a document that must be notarized in California. The fee can be $20 for the two signatures even though they appear on one document.", "In our area most banks do it for free if you have an account with them. Also most real estate offices will have a notary that will do it for free hoping to get your business one day. I think the maximum notary fee here in AZ is $2.00 per notarized page if they want to charge you. Notary fees by state: Maximum Notary Fees By State: Don’t Get Ripped Off By Big Fat Notary Guys! Does anyone know the average cost of getting documents notarized. I'm gonna need about 20 documents notarized. I heard banks do it for free.", "How much is it? 1 On average, a notary is going to anywhere from $0 to as much as $10. 2 Public companies such as FEDEx Kinkos and the UPS Store usually charge around $5 to $10 to have a single-page document notarized. 3 For example, SFBayNotary.com charges $5 per every notarized signature. What are the extra costs? 1 If the notary has to come to your location, a delivery charge will more than likely apply. 2 Like the document fees, many states have laws that forbid the notary from charging too much “per mile.”. 3 If copies have to be made, this can be anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 per copy." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080228171953AAbinHz", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080421120609AAbItxr", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080228171953AAbinHz", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-a-notary-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-a-notary-cost/", "http://www.ehow.com/info_7927035_much-cost-something-notarized.html", "http://www.city-data.com/forum/business/2104464-average-cost-getting-something-notarized.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-a-notary-cost/" ] }

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[ "American.", "American", "American" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Prince, born Prince Rogers Nelson to John L. Nelson and Mattie Shaw in Minneapolis, Minnesota at Mount Sinai Hospital on June 7, 1958. Prince's parents are in fact African-American, and like many black Americans, their lineage is an amalgam of ethnicities. ", "Geoffrey Royce Rojas (born May 11, 1989), known by his stage name Prince Royce, is an American singer, songwriter from The Bronx. At an early age, Royce took an interest in music and into his teenage years, began experimenting with music and writing poetry. ", "Mixed People – Prince. A couple of days late with my Mixed People Monday but here it is. Prince’s ethnic makeup is somewhat unclear. According to a 1983 Rolling Stone Magazine article, the pop singer’s father was of African American ethnicity and his mother was of Italian American Ancestry.", "Confidence votes 194. Prince is an American, from Minneapolis in the state of Minnesota. Ethnically, he is of mixed race-his father, jazz musician John Nelson, was African-American, and his mother was white. ", "Early Life. Famed singer, songwriter and instrumentalist Prince was born Prince Rogers Nelson on June 7, 1958, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Named after the Prince Roger Trio, a jazz band his father performed with as a pianist, Prince was signed to Warner Brother Records as a teenager. Synopsis. Prince was born Prince Rogers Nelson on June 7, 1958, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He later changed his name four times. Prince's early music career saw the release of Prince (1979), Dirty Mind (1980) and Controversy (1981)—all of which created controversy due to their fusion of religious and sexual themes.", "Mini Bio (1). Prince Rogers Nelson was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to Mattie Della (Shaw), a jazz singer, and John L. Nelson, a lyricist and pianist. His parents were both from African-American families from the U.S. south. They separated during his youth, which lead him to move back and forth. ", "Prince. by ethnic on. photo by Magnus Manske. Birth Name: Prince Rogers Nelson. Place of Birth: Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Date of Birth: June 7, 1958. Ethnicity: African-American. Prince is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and actor. Prince’s paternal grandparents were Clarence Nelson (the son of Edward Nelson and Emma Hardy) and Carrie Jenkins (the daughter of Handy Jenkins and Dina Ann Phillips). Prince’s maternal grandparents were Frank Shaw and Lucille Bonnell (the daughter of Sam W. Bonnell and Kathy).", "Prince Roger Nelson (born June 7, 1958), known by his mononym Prince, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and actor, a major figure in popular music for over three decades. Prince's sister Tika Evene (usually called Tyka) was born in 1960. Both siblings developed a keen interest in music, and this was encouraged by their father. Prince wrote his first tune, Funk Machine, on his father's piano when he was seven. When Prince was ten years old, his parents separated." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=1006052411839", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Royce", "https://nomorerace.wordpress.com/2013/07/17/mixed-people-prince/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_nationality_is_Prince", "http://www.biography.com/people/prince-9447278", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0002239/bio", "http://ethnicelebs.com/prince", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_(musician)" ] }

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[ "Abnormal growth of cells on the skin of the outer ear usually appear as a persistent crusting on the upper edge of the ear and tumor may be a scaly area that does not improve with the use of a moisturizer, or appear as a white bump, sometimes accompanied by oozing or draining." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Ear cancer is a type of head and neck cancer which develops from the skin that overlays the ear, and occurs within the epithelial lining of the ear canal. As cancer grows inside the ear, excessive pain occurs, and the patient may have to get many treatments in order to fight it. Such an opening in the tympanic membrane is a sure sign of ear cancer. Growth of a Sore in the Ear. One of the key symptoms of cancer of the ear is the occurrence of a sore in or around the ear that takes more than a month to heal. It could be a pink lump, and might bleed easily.", "Ear symptoms can develop over time and occur along with additional symptoms that may be a sign of a more serious condition, such as hearing loss or rarely, a tumor. Ear symptoms may occur in both ears or only in one ear or a small part of the ear. In adults, ear symptoms can result from infection, inflammation, trauma, malignancy (skin cancer), other abnormal processes, and aging. Underlying conditions in another region of the body can lead to secondary or referred ear symptoms, such as disorders of the jaw joint (temporomandibular joint) and teeth.", "Squamous cell carcinoma signs and symptoms. Most often, squamous cell carcinoma occurs on sun-exposed areas of your body, such as your face, ears and hands. People with darker skin are more likely to develop squamous cell carcinoma on areas that aren't often exposed to the sun. Squamous cell carcinoma may appear as: ", "Signs and Symptoms of Ear Cancer. Abnormal growth of cells on the skin of the outer ear usually appear as a persistent crusting on the upper edge of the ear. The tumor may be a scaly area that does not improve with the use of a moisturizer, or appear as a white bump, sometimes accompanied by oozing or draining. Towards the outer ear ulceration may be observed. As the tumor grows inside the ear other structures are affected, such as the nerves, the surrounding bones, the vestibular apparatus, lymph nodes and the parotid gland. Ear cancer symptoms then include: 1 Constant ringing in the ear. 2 Loss of hearing. 3 Ear pain. 4 Dizziness/vertigo. 5 Facial paralysis on the side of the affected ear – due to facial nerve involvement. 6 Enlargement of the parotid gland which is the salivary gland located below the ear. 7 Enlargement of the lymph nodes", "Glomus Tympanicum Tumors. The most common tumor of the middle ear and second most common tumor found in the temporal bone is the paraganglioma, commonly referred to as the glomus tumor. Chemodectoma is another term occasionally used to describe this tumor. ", "Symptoms of cancer of the ear. The symptoms of cancer of the ear depend on where the tumour is within the ear. Some people may also have swollen lymph nodes in their neck. Middle ear – the most common symptom is a discharge from the ear which may be blood stained. Other symptoms include hearing loss and earache. Occasionally people cannot move their face on the side of the affected ear. Inner ear – pain including a headache, hearing loss, tinnitus and dizziness", "As soon as the symptoms of ear cancer are noticed, the patient should be taken to a doctor who will carry out tests such as biopsy, MRI Scans, and CT Scans to figure out the real cause of ear problem. If cancer is diagnosed, doctors recommend chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Such an opening in the tympanic membrane is a sure sign of ear cancer. Growth of a Sore in the Ear. One of the key symptoms of cancer of the ear is the occurrence of a sore in or around the ear that takes more than a month to heal. It could be a pink lump, and might bleed easily.", "Symptoms of cancer of the outer ear. The main symptom is a spot or sore that doesn’t heal within 4 weeks. Most squamous cell cancers are pink lumps that have a hard scaly surface. They often bleed easily and ulcerate. ", "The most common cause of ear symptoms in children is a middle ear infection (otitis media). In adults, ear symptoms can result from infection, inflammation, trauma, malignancy (skin cancer), other abnormal processes, and aging. Underlying conditions in another region of the body can lead to secondary or referred ear symptoms, such as disorders of the jaw joint (temporomandibular joint) and teeth." ], "url": [ "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ear-cancer-symptoms.html", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/ear-symptoms", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/skin-cancer/basics/symptoms/CON-20031606", "http://www.healthguideinfo.com/other-cancers/p107357/", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/860642-overview", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/cancer-questions/treatment-for-cancer-of-the-ear-canal-and-middle-ear", "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ear-cancer-symptoms.html", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/cancer-questions/treatment-for-cancer-of-the-outer-ear", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/ear-symptoms" ] }

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[ "A nerve conduction study (NCS), also called a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test--is a measurement of the speed of conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Nerve conduction studies and needle EMG are commonly performed by physical medicine and rehabilitation or neurology specialists to assess the ability of the nervous system to conduct electrical impulses and to evaluate nerve/muscle function to determine if neuromuscular disease is present. Motor nerve conduction studies. In motor nerve conduction studies, motor nerves are stimulated and the compound muscle action potential from the muscle is recorded. This corresponds to the integrity of the motor unit.", "Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test-also called a nerve conduction study (NCS) - is a measurement of the speed of conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve. NCV can determine nerve damage and destruction. ", "An electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity of muscles at rest and during contraction. Nerve conduction studies measure how well and how fast the nerves can send electrical signals. Nerves control the muscles in the body with electrical signals called impulses. These impulses make the muscles react in specific ways. Nerve and muscle problems cause the muscles to react in abnormal ways. If you have leg pain or numbness, you may have these tests to find out how much your nerves are being affected. An EMG is done to: 1 Find diseases that damage muscle tissue, nerves, or the junctions between nerve and muscle. 2 Find the cause of weakness, paralysis, or muscle twitching.", "An electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity of muscles at rest and during contraction. Nerve conduction studies measure how well and how fast the nerves can send electrical signals. Nerves control the muscles in the body with electrical signals called impulses. When the test is done, the electrodes are removed. Nerve conduction studies are done before an EMG if both tests are being done. Nerve conduction tests may take from 15 minutes to 1 hour or more, depending on how many nerves and muscles are studied.", "A nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test determines how quickly electrical signals move through a particular peripheral nerve. It is also sometimes known as a nerve conduction study and is used in the diagnosis of nerve damage or nerve dysfunction. ", "The nerve conduction study is performed by placing surface electrodes over nerves, usually in the arms and/or legs. The electrodes are used to stimulate the nerves and then record the conduction of the signal down the nerve to some other point. The nerve conduction test provides physicians with information about the functioning of the peripheral nerves including both the type of dysfunction and the likely location of its cause. This can be used to help diagnose various diseases that impact the nerves.", "A nerve conduction study (NCS), also called a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test--is a measurement of the speed of conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve. NCS can determine nerve damage and destruction. During the test, the nerve is stimulated, usually with surface electrode patches attached to the skin. The nerve conduction velocity (speed) is then calculated by measuring the distance between electrodes and the time it takes for electrical impulses to travel between electrodes. A related procedure that may be performed is electromyography (EMG).", "A nerve conduction study (NCS) is a medical diagnostic test commonly used to evaluate the function, especially the ability of electrical conduction, of the motor and sensory nerves of the human body. Nerve conduction studies are used mainly for evaluation of paresthesias (numbness, tingling, burning) and/or weakness of the arms and legs. The type of study required is dependent in part by the symptoms presented. A physical exam and thorough history also help to direct the investigation.", "Nerve Conduction Study. A nerve conduction study is a neurological test, usually performed by a neurologist and often along with an electromyogram, which evaluates the conduction of electrical impulses down peripheral nerves. The nerve conduction test provides physicians with information about the functioning of the peripheral nerves including both the type of dysfunction and the likely location of its cause. This can be used to help diagnose various diseases that impact the nerves.", "This video accompanies the article: Electromyography (EMG) . Video Transcript. EMG/NCS stands for electromyogram and nerve conduction studies and this is an electrical test of your nerves and muscles. The purpose of the test is to localize where your symptoms are coming from. " ], "url": [ "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2094544-overview", "http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/health/services/brain/getting-treatment/clinical-services/tests-procedures/nerve-conduction-studies.cfm?DCSext.condition=Nerve%20Conduction%20Studies", "http://www.webmd.com/brain/electromyogram-emg-and-nerve-conduction-studies", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/electromyogram_emg_and_nerve_conduction_studies-health/article_em.htm", "http://www.healthline.com/health/nerve-conduction-velocity", "http://www.nervous-system-diseases.com/nerve-conduction-study.html", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test_procedures/neurological/nerve_conduction_velocity_ncv_92,P07657/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_conduction_study", "http://www.nervous-system-diseases.com/nerve-conduction-study.html", "http://www.spine-health.com/video/video-what-emg-ncs" ] }

[]

[ "HCM" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "There are many different forms of heart disease. The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself. This is called coronary artery disease and happens slowly over time. It's the major reason people have heart attacks.", "HCM remains the most common cardiovascular genetic disorder, occurring in at least 1 in 500 people in the general population. 7 HCM is a primary inherited disorder of the myocardium characterized by hypertrophy, usually of the left ventricle, in the absence of other loading conditions such as hypertension.", "In most cases, the cause of CCHD is unknown. A variety of genetic and environmental factors likely contribute to this complex condition. Changes in single genes have been associated with CCHD. Studies suggest that these genes are involved in normal heart development before birth.", "The cause of cardiomyopathy, a thickening or enlarging of the heart muscle, may depend on the type: 1 Dilated cardiomyopathy. 2 The cause of this most common type of cardiomyopathy often is unknown. 3 It may be caused by reduced blood flow to the heart (ischemic heart disease), infections, toxins and certain drugs.", "1 Dilated cardiomyopathy. 2 The cause of this most common type of cardiomyopathy often is unknown. 3 It may be caused by reduced blood flow to the heart (ischemic heart disease), infections, toxins and certain drugs. 4 It also may be inherited from a parent.", "Congenital heart disease is often divided into two types: cyanotic (blue skin color caused by a lack of oxygen) and non-cyanotic. The following lists cover the most common congenital heart diseases: Cyanotic: 1 Ebstein's anomaly.", "Down Syndrome: Down syndrome or DS is a chromosomal syndrome which occurs as a result of an extra chromosome and is the most common disorder of that type. Symptoms include distinctive spacing of the facial features, impaired cognitive ability, stunted physical growth and an increased risk of congenital heart disease.", "1 The cause of this most common type of cardiomyopathy often is unknown. 2 It may be caused by reduced blood flow to the heart (ischemic heart disease), infections, toxins and certain drugs. 3 It also may be inherited from a parent. 4 It usually enlarges (dilates) the left ventricle." ], "url": [ "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartdiseases.html", "http://circgenetics.ahajournals.org/content/2/2/182.full", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/critical-congenital-heart-disease", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/basics/causes/CON-20034056", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/basics/causes/CON-20034056", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001114.htm", "http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/16903/1/The-10-Most-Common-Genetic-Diseases.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/basics/causes/CON-20034056" ] }

[]

[ "A way of constructing their social identity, or showing who they were and how they were different from other people, utensils, cooking pots etc." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Pottery is the ceramic material which makes up potterywares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural potteries). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery. A dictionary definition is simply objects of fired clays. Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape.", "Clay is a porous material that, when soaked in cold water and then heated, allows for slow evaporation of steam from its pores. The benefits of cooking with clay are numerous: food cooked in a lidded clay pot, especially slow-cooked dishes like stews and beans, is full of intense, rich flavour. When a clay pot is used repeatedly, the porous surface develops a seasoning “memory” that adds to a dish’s flavour. Almost anything can be cooked in clay, from soups, fish, and seafood, to casseroles, vegetables, even breads and desserts like pies and cobblers. Because clay is a natural material, it is safe to use, raising none of the concerns of many other types of cookware. Clay pots fall into two categories: glazed and unglazed.", "The Egyptians made kilns to place their clay pots in for firing. The kiln was lined with a kind of insulation brick that was made from a mixture of straw and clay which had been dried in the sun. Later, the ancient Egyptians used a finer clay with a high quartz content for their delicate pottery. In medieval times sand was mixed with clay to make cooking pots strong enough to be placed over an open fire. Today, for the same reason, casseroles used for baking are made from clay mixed with grog which is a ground-up fired pottery.", "In different parts of the subcontinent different shapes of pottery utensils have been used. In the southern states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in India, the traditional pot used for cooking is called a chatti. There are many different types of pots used in the different cultures of North India, Pakistan, Bangladesh. Clay pot cooking is a process of cooking food in a pot made of unglazed pottery.", "Different cultures have different techniques of cooking food in pottery. Some design pots that are fully finished by burnishing and therefore don’t require the pot to be soaked each time before use. Some are unfinished and work well when soaked for about 30–45 minutes in water, each time before use. Clay pot cooking is a process of cooking food in a pot made of unglazed pottery.", "Pottery is clay that is modeled, dried, and fired, usually with a glaze or finish, into a vessel or decorative object. Clay is a natural product dug from the earth, which has decomposed from rock within the earth's crust for millions of years. , the ancient Egyptians were involved in pottery on a much larger scale. They utilized finer clays and fired the pieces at much higher temperatures in early kilns that removed the pots from the direct fire so they were not blackened from the fire. Bricks from clay were used as building material as well.", "Some clay pots were traditionally used on top of the stove, but you should follow the manufacturer's instructions, and it would be wise to use a heat diffuser between the heat source and the pot. Moroccan tagines, however, can also be used on a barbecue, though the coals should be covered with sand. Cooking in Clay Pots. A clay cooker is a single pot or vessel that can serve as a vegetable steamer, stew pot, soup kettle, fish poacher, brick oven and roaster. Clay is a porous material which, when saturated with water and heated in the oven, provides slow evaporation of steam from the pores.", "From the beginning, people used pottery as a way of constructing their social identity, or showing who they were and how they were different from other people. Many of the designs used on pottery were borrowed from cloth, which was also used to identify people of one group or another. A little later on, European and Chinese potters began using lead glazes too. About 1200 AD, potters of the Yuan dynasty in China began to use different color glazes to create designs on their pots. Chinese pottery was still the best and the most expensive.", "They not only made pottery from the clay. They built a kiln and wood fired the pots in the kiln. Eric Good Kaufmann, their teacher, is an accomplished potter and teaches art at Bethany Christian High School, Goshen, Indiana, USA. Mr. Kaufmann is an alumnus, class of '97, Goshen College. PROCESS to rework good clay that becomes too dry to use." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pottery", "http://www.ediblecommunities.com/vancouver/Recent-Articles/clay-pot-cooking.htm", "http://www.lakesidepottery.com/HTML%20Text/brief%20history%20of%20clay_pottery.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_pot_cooking", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_pot_cooking", "http://www.madehow.com/Volume-4/Pottery.html", "http://cookingwithshirley.com/cooking_in_clay_pots.htm", "http://quatr.us/arts/pottery/", "https://www.goshen.edu/art/DeptPgs/rework.html" ] }

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[ "Federal bureau of investigation" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "the fbi which is in almost every forest not just in maritimes it stands for fungi bacteria and insects the fbi basically help break down decompose the plants in turn it receives nutrients for it to live and sometimes a new home", "there are exactly 46 leaves in the two branches since there were 46 states in the union when the fbi was founded in 1908 the significance of the red and white parallel stripes lies in their colors red traditionally stands for courage valor strength while white conveys cleanliness light truth and peace as in the american flag the red bars exceed the white by one the motto fidelity bravery integrity succinctly describes the motivating force behind the men and women of the fbi see below", "the fbi stands for federal bureau of investigation and basically what the fbi does is solve murder mysteries and arrest the criminals of these murder mysteries they may a lso save lives along the way these jobs such as detectives can be very dangerous and deadly", "fbi stands for federal bureau of investigation an angency of the us federal government that deals principally with internal security and counter intelligence", "the fbi is a specific government agency and not countable so it is the fbi unless you are using fbi as an adjective then the above rules would apply examples john is an fbi agent john works for the fbi", "seal and motto heraldry of the seal each symbol and color in the fbi seal has special significance the dominant blue field of the seal and the scales on the shield represent justice the endless circle of 13 stars denotes unity of purpose as exemplified by the original 13 states" ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_FBI_stand_for", "https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/seal-motto", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_FBI_stand_for", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_FBI_stand_for", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_FBI_stand_for", "https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/seal-motto" ] }

[]

[ "Everett Jack" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "View. comments. Kris Jenner officiated at the wedding of Faye Resnick and attorney Everett Jack, Jr. on Sunday. The 58-year-old interior designer walked down the aisle for the fourth time at Kris' Hidden Hills mansion and her Real Housewives Of Beverly Hills co-star Kyle Richards was the bridesmaid.", "Date: 22 Jun, 2015 Report This. Faye Resnick is an American television personality, model, actor and interior designer. Born on July 3, 1957in Los Angeles, California, Resnick's Nationality is American and belongs to white ethnicity.", "Faye Resnick (nee Née Faye) hutchison is An american television personality and interior. Designer she is best known for her involvement in The.O. J simpson murder trial and for her appearances On The Real housewives Of Beverly. hills", "Faye and Paul Resnick, a wealthy hotel refurbisher, divorced amicably in 1991. Faye's settlement netted her a payout of $194,000. His daughter Jackie stated in 1995: Faye was the absolute worst of his [five] nightmare ex-wives.", "Kris Jenner is seen officiating at the wedding of good pal Faye Resnick and Everett Jack, Jr. at her Hidden Hills mansion on Sunday. The bride wore white: Faye Resnick, who was a part of O.J. Simpson's trial, got married for the fourth time; here she is seen with bridesmaid Kyle Richards.", "Reality TV worlds colliding! Real Housewives of Beverly Hills guest star Faye Resnick wed longtime love Everett Jack Jr. on Saturday, Oct. 10, at the home of another reality star — none other than Kris Jenner. PHOTOS: Celeb weddings in 2015.", "Faye Resnick is an American television personality, model, actor and interior designer. Born on July 3, 1957in Los Angeles, California, Resnick's Nationality is American and belongs to white ethnicity. As per the records, her father abandoned his family and his mother who was Spanish took charge on behalf of hm.", "With a little help from her longtime friends Kyle Richards, Mauricio Umansky, Kris Jenner, and Rick Hilton, Faye Resnick is a married woman." ], "url": [ "http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-3269644/Faye-Resnick-OJ-Simpson-s-trial-weds-FOURTH-time-Kris-Jenner-officiates-Kyle-Richards-serves-bridesmaid.html", "http://wikipicky.com/tv-celebrity/faye-resnick-wiki-bio-married-husband-or-boyfriend-and-net-worth.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faye_Resnick", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faye_Resnick", "http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-3269644/Faye-Resnick-OJ-Simpson-s-trial-weds-FOURTH-time-Kris-Jenner-officiates-Kyle-Richards-serves-bridesmaid.html", "http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/faye-resnick-marries-everett-jack-at-kris-jenners-house-wedding-pics-20151210", "http://wikipicky.com/tv-celebrity/faye-resnick-wiki-bio-married-husband-or-boyfriend-and-net-worth.html?similar-stories", "http://www.realitytea.com/tag/faye-resnick/" ] }

[]

[ "In warm water,Hot tubs, Cooling towers, Hot water tanks, Large plumbing system." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition. Legionnaires' disease is a severe form of pneumonia — lung inflammation usually caused by infection. Legionnaires' disease is caused by a bacterium known as legionella. You can't catch Legionnaires' disease from person-to-person contact. Instead, most people get Legionnaires' disease from inhaling the bacteria. ", "Espanol: Español sobre la. Enfermedad pontiac fever And' legionnaires disease may also be called (LEGIONELLOSIS-lee-juh-nuh-low) sis separately or. Together legionellosis is a term for any disease caused By legionella. bacteria Pontiac fever and Legionnaires' disease may also be called legionellosis (LEE-juh-nuh-low-sis) separately or together. Legionellosis is a term for any disease caused by Legionella bacteria. 1 Causes & Transmission Explains the spread of the disease, environment, exposure...", "Legionella in the Environment. Legionnaires' disease (LEE-juh-nares) is caused by a type of bacteria called Legionella. The Legionella bacteria are found naturally in the environment, usually in water. The bacteria grow best in warm water, like the kind found in. 1 Hot tubs. 2 Cooling towers. 3 Hot water tanks. 4 Large plumbing systems.", "Knowledge center. With the current outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in south Wales, here are some facts about the illness. Legionnaires' disease, also called Legionellosis is a lung infection, a form of pneumonia which can be fatal, caused by the legionella bacterium. The name Legionnaires' disease emerged in 1976 - in July there was an outbreak of pneumonia among delegates at a convention of the American Legion in Philadelphia. ", "Legionnaires' disease (Legionellosis) is a serious and sometimes fatal form of pneumonia caused by the bacteria Legionella. Although not all cases of Legionnaires' disease are severe, up to ten per cent of cases can be fatal. There are over forty strains of Legionella bacteria but only a few cause disease in humans. The strains that are most commonly associated with human disease are pneumophila and longbeachae.", "Legionnaires' disease, also known as legionellosis or Legion fever, is a form of atypical pneumonia caused by any type of Legionella bacteria. Over 90% of cases of Legionnaires' disease are caused by Legionella pneumophila. Other causative species include L. longbeachae, L. feeleii, L. micdadei, and L. anisa. ", "About the Disease. Legionnaires' disease is a severe, often lethal, form of pneumonia. It's caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila found in both potable and nonpotable water systems. Each year, an estimated 10,000 to 18,000 people are infected with the Legionella bacteria in the United States. It is not uncommon for patients with Legionnaires' disease to be admitted to the intensive care unit.", "Legionellosis, or Legionnaire's disease, is a type of pneumonia caused by Legionella bacteria. Legionnaires' disease is not contagious, and you cannot catch it from another person. The bacteria are common and grow in water. People often receive low-level exposure in the environment without getting sick. 1 Unlike Legionnaires disease, which can be a serious and deadly form of pneumonia, Pontiac fever produces flu-like symptoms that may include fever, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite, muscle and joint pain, chills, nausea, and a dry cough. 2 Full recovery occurs in 2 to 5 days without antibiotics.", "Legionnaires' disease is a serious lung disease (pneumonia) with chills, high temperature (fever) and muscle pains. You get the infection by breathing in droplets of water which contain legionella germs (bacteria) from contaminated water systems. " ], "url": [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/legionnaires-disease/basics/definition/CON-20028867", "http://www.cdc.gov/legionella/about/index.html", "http://www.cdc.gov/legionella/about/causes-transmission.html", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/18413.php", "http://ideas.health.vic.gov.au/diseases/legionnaires-disease-facts.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legionellosis", "http://legionella.org/about-the-disease/what-is-legionnaires-disease/legionella-bacteria/", "https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_iii/otm_iii_7.html", "http://patient.info/health/legionnaires-disease-leaflet" ] }

[]

[ "A barred spiral galaxy is a spiral galaxy with a central bar-shaped structure composed of stars." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Statutes of limitations are enacted by the legislature, which may either extend or reduce the time limits, subject to certain restrictions. A court cannot extend the time period unless the statute provides such authority. The absence of the plaintiff or defendant from the jurisdiction does not suspend the running of the statute of limitations, unless the statute so provides. The statute of limitations for a debt or obligation may be tolled by either an unconditional promise to pay the debt or an acknowledgement of the debt.", "A barred spiral galaxy is a spiral galaxy with a central bar-shaped structure composed of stars. Bars are found in approximately two-thirds of all spiral galaxies. Bars generally affect both the motions of stars and interstellar gas within spiral galaxies and can affect spiral arms as well. Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, is classified as a barred spiral galaxy. Bars are thought to be temporary phenomena in the lives of spiral galaxies; the bar structures decay over time, transforming galaxies from barred spirals to more regular spiral patterns. Past a certain size the accumulated mass of the bar compromises the stability of the overall bar structure.", "1) n. collectively all attorneys, as the bar, which comes from the bar or railing which separates the general spectator area of the courtroom from the area reserved for judges, attorneys, parties and court officials. A party to a case or criminal defendant is before the bar when he/she is inside the railing. 2) v. to prevent some legal maneuver, as in barring a lawsuit due to the running of the time to file. 3) to prohibit and keep someone from entering a room, building, or real property. 3. But there is a difference between real and personal actions. 4. In personal actions, as in debt or account, the bar is perpetual, inasmuch as the plaintiff cannot have an action of a higher nature, and therefore in such actions he has generally no remedy, but by bringing a writ of error. Doct.", "The statute of limitations is a defense that is ordinarily asserted by the defendant to defeat an action brought against him after the appropriate time has elapsed. Therefore, the defendant must plead the defense before the court upon answering the plaintiff's complaint. The absence of the plaintiff or defendant from the jurisdiction does not suspend the running of the statute of limitations, unless the statute so provides. The statute of limitations for a debt or obligation may be tolled by either an unconditional promise to pay the debt or an acknowledgement of the debt.", "But if the defendant be barred in a real action, by judgment on a verdict, demurrer or confession, &c., he may still have an action of a higher nature, and try the same right again. Lawes, Pl. 39, 40. See generally, Bac. 3. But there is a difference between real and personal actions. 4. In personal actions, as in debt or account, the bar is perpetual, inasmuch as the plaintiff cannot have an action of a higher nature, and therefore in such actions he has generally no remedy, but by bringing a writ of error. Doct.", "52 If you do something such as work in your own time in British English, or on your own time in American English, you do it in your free time rather than, for example, at work or school. ♦ in your own time phrase PHR with cl. If I choose to work on other projects in my own time, then I say that is my business. You use all-time when you are comparing all the things of a particular type that there have ever been. For example, if you say that something is the all-time best, you mean that it is the best thing of its type that there has", "No holds barred is an old term meaning that no particular techniques, or holds, are restircted, or barred. In modern colloquial, it's basically anything and everything goes. Comes from the old days of wrestling and bare-knuckle boxing. Report Abuse. If there are no holds barred, there are no rules of conduct; you can do anything. The phrase originates from wrestling holds.There's a film based on free-form wrestling - 'No Holds Barred'. Its tagline was No Ring." ], "url": [ "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Statute+of+Limitations", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barred_spiral_galaxy", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/-barred", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Statute+of+Limitations", "http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/-barred", "http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-cobuild/time%20barred", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061018003042AAfyJn0" ] }

[]

[ "Between $400 to $500" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "According to IndependentInspectors.org the price of a home inspection can range from $175 to $600, and will require anywhere from one to six hours to complete. Not all inspectors will cover the same areas of the home, and some may refuse to issue reports on specific areas altogether. For example, swimming pools and free standing sheds or pole barns are often excluded from a home inspection write up.", "In South Florida a home inspection for a average 2000 sf home will cost about 400-450. It will include termite and roof. A windstorm mitigation inspection will be required by the Insurance company for discounts...the cost is 100-150. The home inspection cost depends on the size of the home as well as other factors such as what part of the country you are in, age, out buildings and inspection of appliances (not all inspectors inspect appliances). I recommend that you ask a Realtor for the best Inspector(s) and price would be the second criteria.", "Let's put home inspection fees in perspective: If you're buying a $400,000 house and the inspection fee is $700, that's less than .2% of the cost of the house! Most real estate agencies charge 3% to 6% to sell a home, that would be $12,000 to $24,000 for a $400,000 house! The home inspection cost depends on the size of the home as well as other factors such as what part of the country you are in, age, out buildings and inspection of appliances (not all inspectors inspect appliances). I recommend that you ask a Realtor for the best Inspector(s) and price would be the second criteria.", "1 On average, you should expect to spend $400-$800 for a 1,500 square foot house including lab fees, and then another $200-$400 for a re-inspection after the project is complete. 2 Asbestos removal can cost anywhere from $400-$30,000 depending on the amount of asbestos present. 1 However it does come at a hefty cost. 2 On average, you should expect to spend $400-$800 for a 1,500 square foot house including lab fees, and then another $200-$400 for a re-inspection after the project is complete. 3", "Let’s put home inspection fees in perspective: If you’re buying a $400,000 house and the inspection fee is $700, that’s less than .2% of the cost of the house! Most real estate agencies charge 3% to 6% to sell a home, that would be $12,000 to $24,000 for a $400,000 house! The cost of a home inspection is a bargain, even if you paid $1500 for the inspection, and most are less than half that! Aside from the time invested, the value of the inspection and report can be measured by its usefulness. The size and age of homes varies. Some homes / condos can be inspected in 2 to 3 hours. Older, larger homes can take 4 or more hours. Some inspection reports might take an hour or two to complete, while others might take 4 hours or more.", "Ray Akers, Agent, Seattle, WA. The cost for a full home inspection varies, but usually between $400 to $500 for a single-family home, and as low as $250 for a condominium. Large luxury homes or unique properties might expect an inspection to cost upwards of $1,500. Choose an inspector with care, and check references. Hi Seanf, The cost of an inspection ranges from inspector to inspector and house to house. I've seen them as cheap as $150 but usually no more than $450 (for an average single family home). A lot of inspectors charge depending on square footage, age of the home, and the scope of work involved.", "1 This varies by inspector and how they compile reports. 2 The average rate for home inspection is around $200-$600 based on where you live. 3 Some inspectors can charge up to $800 or more. 4 As with most things, paying the lowest cost for a home inspection isn't always in your best interest. 1 However it does come at a hefty cost. 2 On average, you should expect to spend $400-$800 for a 1,500 square foot house including lab fees, and then another $200-$400 for a re-inspection after the project is complete. 3 Asbestos removal can cost anywhere from $400-$30,000 depending on the amount of asbestos present.", "The average national home inspection cost is $314, with most homeowners spending $266 and $369. This data is based on actual project costs as reported by HomeAdvisor members. Buying a home is exciting, but it can also be stressful and time-consuming. 1 However it does come at a hefty cost. 2 On average, you should expect to spend $400-$800 for a 1,500 square foot house including lab fees, and then another $200-$400 for a re-inspection after the project is complete. 3 Asbestos removal can cost anywhere from $400-$30,000 depending on the amount of asbestos present." ], "url": [ "http://www.fixr.com/costs/home-inspection", "http://www.zillow.com/advice-thread/Typically-How-much-do-Home-inspections-cost/427301/", "http://www.zillow.com/advice-thread/Typically-How-much-do-Home-inspections-cost/427301/", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/inspectors-and-appraisers/hire-a-home-inspector/", "http://www.independentinspectors.org/articles-list/15-home-inspection-how-much", "http://www.trulia.com/voices/Home_Buying/How_much_should_the_average_home_inspection_cost_-506985", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/inspectors-and-appraisers/hire-a-home-inspector/", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/inspectors-and-appraisers/hire-a-home-inspector/" ] }

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[ " $400 million. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Well, either that, or the boxer has money to burn. Floyd Mayweather’s net worth in 2015 is estimated at $300 million, making him one of the highest paid athletes in the world. Even though Mayweather doesn’t have many endorsement deals, he tends to make around $80 million per year when he’s fighting in the ring.", "Floyd Mayweather Net Worthcelebritynetworth.com/richest-athletes/richest-boxers/floyd-maywe...Floyd Mayweather net worth: Floyd Mayweather is a world renowned American boxing champion who has a net worth of $400 million.", "About Floyd Mayweather. American professional boxer, Floyd Mayweather, Jr., has an estimated net worth of $650 million as of June 2015.", "Floyd Mayweather net worth: Floyd Mayweather is a world renowned American boxing champion who has a net worth of $400 million. Floyd Mayweather was born on February 24, 1977 in Grand Rapids, Michigan.", "Floyd Mayweather net worth is estimated at $400 million after his bout with Manny Pacquiao in 2015. Floyd Mayweather is a world renowned boxing champion. The American has won seven world championships in 5 different weight classes, a unique feat.", "Floyd Mayweather, Sr. Net Worth. celebritynetworth.com/richest-athletes/richest-boxers/floyd-maywe... Floyd Mayweather Sr. net worth: Floyd Mayweather Sr. is an American boxing trainer and former boxer who has a net worth of $5 million. Floyd Mayweather Sr. was born in Amory, Mississippi in October 1952.", "Floyd Mayweather, Sr. Net Worthcelebritynetworth.com/richest-athletes/richest-boxers/floyd-maywe...Floyd Mayweather Sr. net worth: Floyd Mayweather Sr. is an American boxing trainer and former boxer who has a net worth of $5 million. Floyd Mayweather Sr. was born in Amory, Mississippi in October 1952.", "At celebritynetworth.com, Mayweather is listed as being worth $280 million, while Pacquiao’s net worth is listed at $110 million. But Pacquiao has experienced his own share of financial troubles, as the Philippine government demanded he pay $75 million in taxes last year." ], "url": [ "http://www.inquisitr.com/1942986/floyd-mayweathers-net-worth-in-2015-is-crazy-boxer-spends-4000-a-day-on-food-writes-with-a-18-karat-gold-pen/", "http://www.celebritynetworth.com/dl/floyd-mayweather/", "http://www.therichest.com/celebnetworth/athletes/boxer/floyd-mayweather-jr-net-worth/", "http://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-athletes/richest-boxers/floyd-mayweather-net-worth/", "http://www.bornrich.com/floyd-mayweather.html", "http://www.celebritynetworth.com/dl/floyd-mayweather/", "http://www.celebritynetworth.com/dl/floyd-mayweather/", "http://www.ibtimes.com/floyd-mayweather-manny-pacquiao-net-worth-how-much-are-floyd-manny-making-fight-1901738" ] }

[]

[ "400 kilometers" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "ISS is the ninth space station to be inhabited by crews, following the Soviet and later Russian Salyut, Almaz, and Mir stations as well as Skylab from the US. The station has been continuously occupied for 7008471909275000000♠ 14 years and 348 days since the arrival of Expedition 1 on 2 November 2000. This is the longest continuous human presence in space, having surpassed the previous record of 7008314841600000000♠ 9 years and 357 days held by Mir. The station is serviced by a variety of visiting spacecraft: Soyuz, Progress, the Automated Transfer Vehicle, the H-II Transfer Vehicle, Dragon, and Cygnus.", "Confidence votes 39. The International Space Station is maintained in a near circular orbit with a minimum mean altitude of 278 km (173 mi) and a maximum of 460 km (286 mi). Atmospheric drag gradually slows the station down and it moves closer to earth. The station must be periodically re-boosted. ", "The orbital velocity needed to maintain a stable low Earth orbit is about 7.8 km/s, but reduces with increased orbital altitude. Calculated for circular orbit of 200 km it is 7.79 km/s and for 1500 km it is 7.12 km/s. The Moon 's orbit is around 9 times larger (in radius and length) than geostationary orbit. A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with an altitude between 160 kilometers (99 mi) (orbital period of about 88 minutes), and 2,000 kilometers (1,200 mi) (about 127 minutes). Objects below approximately 160 kilometers (99 mi) will experience very rapid orbital decay and altitude los", "The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit. Its first component launched into orbit in 1998, and the ISS is now the largest artificial body in orbit and can often be seen with the naked eye from Earth. This is the longest continuous human presence in space, having surpassed the previous record of 7008314841600000000♠ 9 years and 357 days held by Mir. The station is serviced by a variety of visiting spacecraft: Soyuz, Progress, the Automated Transfer Vehicle, the H-II Transfer Vehicle, Dragon, and Cygnus.", "Even though our International Space Station is in a Low-earth orbit, It's at an altitude of about 350-400 kms (which lies in the exosphere). In order to overcome the orbital velocity, one needs some special thrusters in addition to their pressurized spacesuit. As other answers say, if someone just jumps off of the international space station(ISS), they would still be in orbit around the earth since the ISS is traveling at 17,000 miles per hour (at an altitude of 258 miles).", "Credit: NASA For most of the last decade, as astronauts and cosmonauts orbited the Earth aboard the International Space Station they were circling the globe at an altitude of approximately 220 statute miles, or about 350 kilometers. When the European Space Agency’s resupply ship Johannes Kepler, known also as Automated Transfer Vehicle 2 (ATV2) arrives at the space station later this month, it will bring the fuel needed to boost the station to its normal planned altitude of 248 miles, or 40", "Otherwise we would be flying slightly higher now.”. At its current altitude, the space station uses about 19,000 pounds of propellant a year to maintain a consistent orbit. At the new, slightly higher altitude, the station is expected to expend about 8,000 pounds of propellant a year. When the European Space Agency’s resupply ship Johannes Kepler, known also as Automated Transfer Vehicle 2 (ATV2) arrives at the space station later this month, it will bring the fuel needed to boost the station to its normal planned altitude of 248 miles, or 400 kilometers.", "The International Space Station. The International Space Station is the biggest object ever flown in space. It travels around the Earth at an average speed of 27,700 km/h, completing 16 orbits per day. At night it can easily be seen from Earth, as it flies 320 kilometres above us.", "The ISS maintains an orbit with an altitude of between 330 and 435 km (205 and 270 mi) by means of reboost manoeuvres using the engines of the Zvezda module or visiting spacecraft. It completes 15.54 orbits per day. This is the longest continuous human presence in space, having surpassed the previous record of 7008314841600000000♠ 9 years and 357 days held by Mir. The station is serviced by a variety of visiting spacecraft: Soyuz, Progress, the Automated Transfer Vehicle, the H-II Transfer Vehicle, Dragon, and Cygnus." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Space_Station", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_height_does_the_International_Space_Station_orbit_around_the_Earth", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Space_Station", "http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/40886/could-someone-jump-from-the-international-space-station-and-live", "http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition26/iss_altitude.html", "http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition26/iss_altitude.html", "http://www.esa.int/esaKIDSen/SEMZXJWJD1E_LifeinSpace_0.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Space_Station" ] }

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[ "Daffodils last almost two weeks, if the weather is cooperating and last in the garden for three to four weeks." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Daffodils last almost two weeks, if the weather is cooperating. When they start to bloom, do keep an eye on the weather forecast. If heavy rain, or a freeze is due I'll cut older flowers and place them in a vase indoors since heavy rain and freezing will be the end of them. Earth ◊³ Dee · 8 years ago. When you plant the bulbs, you plant them in a cluster. Lets say you have about 30 bulbs. Dig your hole about 7 inches deep and say 14-16 inches in diameter, put about an inch of peat moss at the bottom and water the heck out of it.", "Maintaining the right temperatures is the key to long-lasting blooms. Daffodils prefer cooler weather. In fact, the warmer the weather, the sooner the flowers will fade. Daffodils blooms can last up to three weeks when temperatures remain between 45 and 55 degrees Fahrenheit, according to Longwood Gardens. But when temperatures rise above 65 degrees Fahrenheit, flower longevity is greatly shortened to only a few days. The bulbs require a chilling period before they will bloom, and this period varies greatly depending on the climate. For that reason, blooming time also varies greatly. In general, daffodils begin to bloom any time from late February to early May, depending on the climate. Most bloom in early April, however", "Report Abuse. The blooms on daffs may last anywhere from 2 days to 2 weeks depending on if they get wet, experience freezing temps, and moisture content of the soil. Hibiscus and other very delicate flowered plants normally only have blooms that last a day or 2. When you plant the bulbs, you plant them in a cluster. Lets say you have about 30 bulbs. Dig your hole about 7 inches deep and say 14-16 inches in diameter, put about an inch of peat moss at the bottom and water the heck out of it.", "Planting Daffodils in Containers: Daffodils can grow well in containers for up to 3 years, if the pot is deep enough for their roots to fill out. 1 Choose a pot that is 8-12 inches in diameter and at least 8 inches deep. 2 The deeper the better, since daffodil roots like to reach down about 12 inches. 3 Make sure it has drainage holes. 1 Top dress with a handful of fertilizer or bone meal. 2 When the leaves die off, place the pot on its side and let it dry out. 3 Then start all over again. 4 Potted daffodil bulbs can bloom for 2-3 years in the container, but they will do better if you move them to a spot in the ground and pot up fresh bulbs each year.", "Best Answer: They are an excellent choice for the Spring garden. They will flower between 4 - 6 weeks depending on the variety and if they are in full sun or shade. They not only come back every year, but multiply. So if a a clump gets to big, you can dig it up (after it flowers) separate the bulbs and plant them in different parts of the garden. ", "1 Potted daffodil bulbs can bloom for 2-3 years in the container, but they will do better if you move them to a spot in the ground and pot up fresh bulbs each year. 1 Top dress with a handful of fertilizer or bone meal. 2 When the leaves die off, place the pot on its side and let it dry out. 3 Then start all over again. 4 ", "Cut Flowers. It is hard to resist cutting daffodils in the spring when the months of winter are over. If you must cut a few for indoor decoration, they should last in fresh warm water. Expect to keep them for up to two weeks before they shrivel and die. Plants. Daffodil plants will live for about five years in one location. After that, the flowers will look weak and small. If you dig up the bulbs, separate them and replant them in amended soil, they should come back in the spring with a renewed vigor.", "Garden Grown. Daffodils last in the garden for three to four weeks. About a week to 10 days after the daffodil blooms fade away, the leaves start collecting energy for the following year. Removing the leaves at this point will weaken the bulb and likely kill it after a year or so. Plants. Daffodil plants will live for about five years in one location. After that, the flowers will look weak and small. If you dig up the bulbs, separate them and replant them in amended soil, they should come back in the spring with a renewed vigor." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080229105104AAnv7ry", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/long-potted-daffodils-last-81473.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080229105104AAnv7ry", "http://gardening.about.com/od/daffodilsandtulips/p/Daffodils-Planting-And-Growing-Daffodil-Bulbs.htm", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090324041317AA4E8t1", "http://gardening.about.com/od/daffodilsandtulips/p/Daffodils-Planting-And-Growing-Daffodil-Bulbs.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8404248_long-daffodils-last.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8404248_long-daffodils-last.html" ] }

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[ "About 26 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Expert Insight. Duck embryo development can be put on hold for about a week prior to incubation by keeping the eggs at 55-60 F (13-15 C). Embryo development does not begin until the egg is warmed to the correct temperature. The incubation period begins once the egg reaches the proper temperature of 99.5 F (37.5 C). Save. 04-07-08 © Bimarto sasri. To incubate means to maintain a set temperature. Incubation of a duck egg is the time period between when the egg is warmed to the correct temperature after laying and when it hatches. Incubation is the period of development of the embryonic duck inside the egg.", "You don't spritz the eggs and you keep temp and humidity the same during incubation. When you set them to hatch (lockdown) you'll need higher humidity, around 65%. But NOT during incubation, you just keep them wherever you keep your chicken eggs. Mallard ducks take about 26 days to hatch. Using the turner is fine.", "Incubation provides the heat needed for embryos to develop inside the eggs of ducks and geese. Because the required temperature range of developing embryos is narrow, parents must commit to a rigorous incubation schedule. ", "The mallard (/ˈmaelɑrd/ ˈmælɑrd /or/) ˈmaelərd ˈmælərd or (Wild duck) anas platyrhynchos is a dabbling duck which breeds throughout the temperate And, Subtropical, Americas, europe Asia And, north africa and has been Introduced To, New, Zealand, Australia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, argentina Chile The falkland Islands And. south africa ", "How to Hatch a Mallard Duck Egg. Mallard ducks are amazing animals. And sometimes you want to help them hatch. It's important to not remove wild ducks eggs from any nest without the proper cause; however, if the mother is confirmed missing for over a period of 48 hours, you may be able to help.", "The incubation period for waterfowl lasts from 21 to 31 days, and females spend from 73 to more than 99 percent of each day on the nest. In the extreme case of emperor geese, females spend as much as 99.5 percent of each day on the nest. This leaves a mere seven minutes a day for other activities such as feeding. " ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/about_5074884_incubation-period-duck-eggs.html", "http://www.backyardchickens.com/t/468522/incubating-mallard-duck-eggs", "http://www.ducks.org/conservation/waterfowl-biology/the-incubation-period", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallard_ducks", "http://www.wikihow.com/Hatch-a-Mallard-Duck-Egg", "http://www.ducks.org/conservation/waterfowl-biology/the-incubation-period/page2" ] }

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[ "Is a soup or sauce made by pulping corn kernels." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 In a skillet over medium heat, combine the corn, cream, salt, sugar, pepper and butter. 2 Whisk together the milk and flour, and stir into the corn mixture. 3 Cook stirring over medium heat until the mixture is thickened, and corn is cooked through. 4 Remove from heat, and stir in the Parmesan cheese until melted. 5 Serve hot.", "Melt butter in a large skillet over medium heat; stir in corn kernels and milk. Sprinkle with cornstarch, sugar, and salt; stir well. Bring mixture to a boil, stirring constantly. Reduce heat, and simmer, stirring constantly, 10 to 12 minutes.", "Directions. Prep. Cook. Ready In. 1 In a skillet over medium heat, combine the corn, cream, salt, sugar, pepper and butter. 2 Whisk together the milk and flour, and stir into the corn mixture. 3 Cook stirring over medium heat until the mixture is thickened, and corn is cooked through.", "1 Cook corn according to package directions; I use the microwave. 2 Melt butter in saucepan, stir in flour and blend well. 3 Add milk, about 1/2 cup at a time, and blend with whisk. 4 Cook over medium heat until thickened. 5 Stir in sugar, salt and pepper. 6 Add cooked, drained corn. 7 Hint: sometimes I use part milk, part cream.", "Directions. 1 Cook corn according to package directions; I use the microwave. 2 Melt butter in saucepan, stir in flour and blend well. 3 Add milk, about 1/2 cup at a time, and blend with whisk. 4 Cook over medium heat until thickened. 5 Stir in sugar, salt and pepper.", "Creamed corn (which is also known by other names, such as cream-style corn) is a soup or sauce made by pulping corn kernels and collecting the milky residue from the corn. It is a common part of Midwestern and Southern American cuisine, typically sold canned." ], "url": [ "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/53304/cream-corn-like-no-other/", "http://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/creamed-corn-1", "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/53304/cream-corn-like-no-other/", "http://www.food.com/recipe/creamed-corn-145165", "http://www.food.com/recipe/creamed-corn-145165", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creamed_corn" ] }

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[ "Loose connective tissue is a category of connective tissue which includes areolar tissue, reticular tissue, and adipose tissue.Loose connective tissue is the most common type of connective tissue in vertebrates. It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Loose connective tissue is a category of connective tissue which includes areolar tissue, reticular tissue, and adipose tissue. Loose connective tissue is the most common type of connective tissue in vertebrates. It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues. Usually loose connective tissue is considered a parent category that includes the mucous connective tissue of the fetus, areolar connective tissue, reticular connective tissue, and adipose tissue.", "Areolar tissue (/əˈriːɵlər/) is a common type of loose connective tissue (and the most widely distributed type of connective tissue in vertebrates). Usually loose connective tissue is considered a parent category that includes the mucous connective tissue of the fetus, areolar connective tissue, reticular connective tissue, and adipose tissue.", "Of the three types of fibers in areolar connective tissue, only collagen is visible in this image. The other two types of fibers, elastic and reticular, do not show up in this image, even though they are there. Some of the dark dots in the images are the nuclei of areolar connective tissue cells. areolar connective tissue, you have learned a cue that will allow you to recognize it. Areolar connective tissue is made of cells and extracellular matrix (extra- means outside, so the extracellular matrix is material that is outside of the cells).", "a) Areolar (Loose) Connective Tissue (Slide #31). Areolar connective tissue is the most widespread connective tissue of the body. It is used to attach the skin to the underlying tissue. It also fills the spaces between various organs and thus holds them in place as well as cushions and protects them. It also surrounds and supports the blood vessels. Cartilage and bone form the skeletal framework of the body while blood is the vascular (transport) tissue of animals. I. Connective tissue proper a) Areolar (Loose) Connective Tissue (Slide #31) Areolar connective tissue is the most widespread connective tissue of the body.", "Areolar connective tissue has no obvious structure, like layers or rows of cells. You might think that this would make it harder to identify. But if you realize that the lack of pattern is one of the distinguishing characteristics of. areolar connective tissue, you have learned a cue that will allow you to recognize it. Areolar connective tissue is made of cells and extracellular matrix (extra- means outside, so the extracellular matrix is material that is outside of the cells). The matrix has two components, fibers and ground substance. In the images on this page, you can see the fibers very easily--they look like threads", "Found throughout the body, areolar tissue is a type of connective tissue. It consists of cells and various properties of the tissue’s intercellular matrix. Cushioning surrounding organs, connecting different tissues, and supporting blood vessels represent just a few of the functions of this specific connective tissue. Together these fibers make up the traditional weaved appearance of areolar, and other loose connective tissues. The intercellular matrix of areolar tissue is composed of the matrix of collagenous, elastic and reticular fibers and ground substance.", "Three types of loose connective tissue are recognized. These include areolar, adipose, and reticular types. Areolar and adipose are the most abundant types and these are typically found together in most body locales where blood vessels, nerves, ducts, and other structures are passing through tissues. Loose connective tissue types: Areolar connective tissue! Adipose connective tissue! Reticular connective tissue! Home to the Table of Contents. Copyright ©1999 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved.", "Areolar tissue is a common type of connective tissue, also referred to as “loose connective tissue”. It is strong enough to bind different tissue types together, yet soft enough to provide flexibility and cushioning. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areolar_connective_tissue", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areolar_connective_tissue", "http://www.austincc.edu/histologyhelp/tissues/ti_aer_ct.html", "http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/15lab42006/lb4pg6.htm", "http://www.austincc.edu/histologyhelp/tissues/ti_aer_ct.html", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-areolar-tissue.htm", "http://mhhe.com/biosci/ap/histology_mh/loosects.html", "http://www.anatomybox.com/areolar-connective-tissue/" ] }

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[ "Administer Venofer at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, not to exceed 100 mg per dose, every four weeks for 12 weeks given undiluted by slow intravenous injection over 5 minutes or diluted in 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl and administered over 5 to 60 minutes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "3. • 300 mg iron (15 ml Venofer) in at least 1 ½ hours • 400 mg iron (20 ml Venofer) in at least 2 ½ hours Intravenous injection: Venofer can be administered undiluted by slow intravenous injection as follows: • 100 mg iron (5 ml Venofer) in at least 5 minutes • 200 mg iron (10 ml Venofer) in at least 10 minutes. ", "How to use Venofer intravenous. This medication is given by injection into a vein as directed by your doctor. It is usually given slowly over 2 to 5 minutes or as directed by your doctor. Iron sucrose can also be mixed in a saline solution and given through an IV over a longer time. Your body may also need more iron if you use the drug erythropoietin to help make new red blood cells. Iron is an important part of your red blood cells and is needed to transport oxygen in the body. Many patients with kidney disease cannot get enough iron from food and require injections.", "Chronic Kidney Disease Patients not on Dialysis: VENOFER is administered as a total cumulative dose of 1000 mg over a 14 day period, either as a 200 mg slow intravenous injection on 5 different occasions within the 14 day period, or as an infusion of 500 mg of VENOFER over a period of 4 hours on day 1 and day 14. Sexual Function/Reproduction VENOFER at IV doses up to 15 mg iron/kg/dose [about 10 times the maximum recommended human dose for a 70 kg person] given three times a week was found to have no effect on fertility and reproductive performance of male and female rats.", "For iron maintenance treatment: Administer Venofer at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, not to exceed 100 mg per dose, every two weeks for 12 weeks given undiluted by slow intravenous injection over 5 minutes or diluted in 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl and administered over 5 to 60 minutes. Administer Venofer in 3 divided doses, given by slow intravenous infusion, within a 28 day period: 2 infusions each of 300 mg over 1.5 hours 14 days apart followed by one 400 mg infusion over 2.5 hours 14 days later.", "Administer Venofer 100 mg undiluted as a slow intravenous injection over 2 to 5 minutes, or as an infusion of 100 mg diluted in a maximum of 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl over a period of at least 15 minutes, per consecutive hemodialysis session. Venofer should be administered early during the dialysis session. Administer Venofer in 3 divided doses, given by slow intravenous infusion, within a 28 day period: 2 infusions each of 300 mg over 1.5 hours 14 days apart followed by one 400 mg infusion over 2.5 hours 14 days later.", "Venofer (iron sucrose) Injection is an iron replacement product used to treat iron deficiency anemia in people with kidney disease. It is usually given with another medication to promote the growth of red blood cells (such as Aranesp, Epogen, or Procrit). Here is a collection of user reviews for the medication Venofer sorted by most helpful. See User Reviews. Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.", "DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. Venofer must only be administered intravenously either by slow injection or by infusion. The dosage of Venofer is expressed in mg of elemental iron. Each mL contains 20 mg of elemental iron. Administer Venofer in 3 divided doses, given by slow intravenous infusion, within a 28 day period: 2 infusions each of 300 mg over 1.5 hours 14 days apart followed by one 400 mg infusion over 2.5 hours 14 days later.", "Venofer is only administered intravenously by slow injection or by infusion. Dose is determined by whether the patient is on dialysis and what type of dialysis. Venofer may interact with iron supplements or other iron-based oral medications, such as ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, and ferrous sulfate, and others. Here is a collection of user reviews for the medication Venofer sorted by most helpful. See User Reviews. Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.", "For iron maintenance treatment: Administer Venofer at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, not to exceed 100 mg per dose, every four weeks for 12 weeks given undiluted by slow intravenous injection over 5 minutes or diluted in 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl and administered over 5 to 60 minutes. Administer Venofer in 3 divided doses, given by slow intravenous infusion, within a 28 day period: 2 infusions each of 300 mg over 1.5 hours 14 days apart followed by one 400 mg infusion over 2.5 hours 14 days later." ], "url": [ "http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/v/venoferinf.pdf", "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-20109/venofer-intravenous/details", "http://www.luitpold.com/documents/22.pdf", "http://www.rxlist.com/venofer-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.rxlist.com/venofer-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.rxlist.com/venofer-side-effects-drug-center.htm", "http://www.rxlist.com/venofer-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.rxlist.com/venofer-side-effects-drug-center.htm", "http://www.rxlist.com/venofer-drug/indications-dosage.htm" ] }

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[ "White Bread Wheat Flour" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A snowflake is either a single ice crystal or an aggregation of ice crystals which falls through the Earth's atmosphere. They begin as snow crystals which develop when microscopic supercooled cloud droplets freeze. Snowflakes come in a variety of sizes and shapes. ", "First, I made the salt dough. I mixed together 2 cups of all-purpose flour and 1 cup salt. I measured one tablespoon of lemon juice into a one cup measuring cup and filled the remainder of the cup with warm water. I added the liquid mixture to the dry mixture and stirred until a smooth dough formed (about 5 minutes with an electric stand mixture)", "WAY too much flour for this recipe! I think it is a mistake. The recipe works if you use 1 cup milk and only about 2 1/4 to 2 1/2 cups flour. ", "Cake Wheat Flour. If there’s one kind of flour you should always have in your home, it is Snowflake Cake Wheat flour. New methods of refining wheat have ensured that our flour is whiter and finer than ever before, so you can be sure you are using the best quality flour for all your baking needs. SIZES: 1kg, 2.5kg, 5kg, 12.5kg. ALLERGENS: Wheat Gluten.", "1 For snowflake rolls, gently shake flour from a sieve atop the warm rolls. 2 When making yeast rolls or bread, let the dough rise to the point the recipe says it should, e.g., Let the dough rise till it's doubled in bulk.. 9) Bake the rolls until they're a deep golden brown on top, and lighter on the sides, about 25 minutes. 10) Remove the rolls from the oven, and after 2 or 3 minutes, carefully transfer them to a rack. They'll be hot and delicate, so be careful. Serve warm, or at room temperature.", "there are 339 calories in a 100g serving of snowflake cake wheat flour calorie breakdown 4 % fat 82 % carbs 14 % prot ", "Snowflake White Bread Wheat Flour is a popular Snowflake product with bakeries and consumers.You’ll notice that Snowflake White Bread Wheat Flour is not as white as Snowflake Cake Wheat Flour – this is because our White Bread Flour is a pure wheaten product. ", "Important Note: It is very important to let the snowflake dry completely before the next step. If it is not completely dry, the color from the blue paint will bleed out into the strings. Step 7: Now that the snowflake is completely dry, it is time to fill in some of the spaces with glue and color them. Fill one space at a time with enough glue so it is slightly heaping. See photo G. Before you fill the next space in, mix some watercolor paint into the glue with your paintbrush.", "Cake Flour on the other hand does not have enough gluten in it to expand with the yeast-the result is a very yeasty taste-therefore not suited for yeast baking but for more delicate treats like cakes and biscuits using baking powder as a raising agent. Types of Flour in South Africa. 1 White Bread Flour: best for bread, buns, Chelsea buns, donuts, pizza bases, sauces or batter for brinjal and fish. 2 a healthier alternative for making whole-wheat breads, donuts, pizza etc. 3 these are often used in accompaniment with cake flour or bread flour to make whole wheat biscuits or breads.", "Beat in eggs, vanilla and almond extract until combined. In a medium bowl, combine flour, baking powder and salt. Gradually add to sugar mixture, beating until smooth. Wrap dough in heavy-duty plastic wrap, and refrigerate 1 hour. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Line 2 baking sheets with parchment paper. On a lightly floured surface, roll out dough to 1/4-inch thickness" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowflake", "http://scissorsandspoons.com/diy-christmas-ornaments-salt-dough-snowflakes/", "http://www.handimania.com/cooking/braided-nutella-star-bread-all-steps.html", "http://www.snowflake.co.za/products/snowflake-flour/cake-wheat-flour.aspx", "http://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/soft-white-dinner-rolls-recipe", "http://www.fatsecret.co.za/calories-nutrition/snowflake/cake-wheat-flour/100g", "http://www.snowflake.co.za/products/snowflake-flour/white-bread-wheat-flour.aspx", "http://www.holiday-crafts-and-creations.com/easy-to-make-christmas-ornaments.html", "http://www.foodlikeammausedtomakeit.info/2011/10/which-types-of-flour-to-use-for-baking.html", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/snowflake-cookies-recipe.html#!" ] }

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[ "Between $6,000 and $20,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Bowling has only recently started to become a spectator sport, attracting endorsement deals from corporations. The average salary of a professional bowler is between $6,000 and $20,000 for member of the NBL. The PBA sees similar salary numbers. In general, most players do it to supplement a full-time job. ", "Mika Koivuniemi after winning $250,000, the largest 1st place prize ever, at the 2011 Tournament of Champions. There are a lot of reasons to become a professional bowler but the salary is not one of them. Over the PBA’s 56 year history, only 40 players have earned more than $1,000,000 over the course of their careers. In the 2012-2013 season, the top 3 earners were: 1 Sean Rash (USA) – $248,317. 2 Mika Koivuniemi (Finland) – $227,851. The average pro bowler salary is roughly 1/4th that of the top earner. All earnings are adjusted for inflation and are displayed in today’s dollar value. 1 2000-2009 – $270,690. 2 1990-1999 – $359,597. 3 1980-1989 – $381,153. 4 1970-1979 – $446,710. 5 1960-1969 – $343,001.", "Average Salaries. According to the website Simply Hired, the average annual salary for professional bowlers is $25,000, as of 2011. Bowler Brad Angelo, in a 2003 article for The Los Angeles Times, said he started bowling at an early age and bowls because he loves it as opposed to making money. The first bowler to earn a million dollars was Earl Anthony, a six-time PBA player of the year, according to an article by Steve Kallas for Sports Plus. Top bowlers such as Walter Ray have earned more than $4 million since joining the tour in 1980.", "Confidence votes 98.3K. Winning a pro tournament earns a bowler between $25,000-$50,000. The leading money winner on the PBA tour earns about $250,000 per year. The most money won in a year was in 2003 when Walter Ray Williams won $419,700. How much does a professional baseball umpire earn? Answer According to mlb.com: Professional umpires currently begin their Minor League career at $1,800 per month.", "Back to top. Q: How much does it cost to bowl in a PBA tournament. A: Regional Tour - $220 Regional Tour - $285 (non-members) Senior Tour - $425 Senior Tour - $475 (non-members) PBA Tour - $500 PBA Tour - $525 (non-members) except for the U.S. Open." ], "url": [ "http://www.kaycircle.com/How-much-does-a-Professional-Bowler-make-per-Year-Average-Annual-NBL-PBA-Bowling-Salary-Range", "http://www.bowlingtournaments.net/professional-bowler-salary/", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8219773_pro-bowlers-salary.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_do_professional_bowlers_earn", "http://www.pba.com/Resources/Faqs" ] }

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[ "In 4-6 weeks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In general, small broken bones with simple fractures take about four weeks to heal in small children. In teenagers and adults, small bones — like a finger or wrist bone — with a simple fracture, will take about six weeks to heal. Larger broken bones, for example the bones in the thigh, would take a great deal longer to heal, usually six weeks to three months in the average healthy adult. ", "4-6 weeks: All things being equal, the bone shold heal in 4-6 weeks. If it is a complicated fracture, infected, or if other issues, it may take longer. Discuss with your orthopedist or hand surgeon. ", "Sometimes your doctor may splint the fingers next to the fractured one to provide additional support. Your doctor will tell you how long to wear the splint. Usually a splint on a fractured finger is worn for about 3 weeks. You may need more x-rays over this time so that your doctor can monitor the progress of your finger as it heals. ", "Report Abuse. The skin heals in a few days but the bone takes much longer. Keep the wound dry and the finger immobilised like on a finger splint. It can take 4 - 8 weeks for the bone to heal depending on your state of health, diet and or you aggravate it by bumping into objects. I wouldnt be able to tell you how long before you can wet the wound, but speak to your GP/ doctor and they will be able to tell you. As for your bone, it will probably take around 4-8 weeks to heal properly, 6 weeks seems to be the norm.", "Health related question in topics Conditions Illness .We found some answers as below for this question How long does a broken finger take to heal,you can compare them. It usually takes a broken finger 4-6 weeks but be careful and don't fracture the finger while healing. ChaCha 24/7! [ Source: http://www.chacha.com/question/how-long-does-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal ]. More Answers to How long does a broken finger take to heal . ", "If it is broken, treatment depends on the type of fracture and what bone is injured. This could involve only taping or splinting one finger to the other. If a fracture is severe, then surgery is done. If it is a simple fracture, it usually takes 4-6 weeks to heal. You can read more here. http://www.emedicinehealth.com/broken_finger/article_em.htm. Ask Your Own Health Question. Customer: replied 7 years ago.", "Answer by Mikereptile. Confidence votes 60. It takes about 6-8 weeks to heal, depending on the type of injury sustained. (Keep the finger as still as you can !!!!). When broken place the hand in ice cold water for about 5 min.s then take it and wrap the whole hand in a soft wrap (anything that is a soft colth) . Take the wraped hand and hold it above or upright to the head.", "Four Parts: Determining the Severity of the Injury Treating the Finger on the Way to the Doctor Getting Medical Treatment Taking Care of the injury. A broken finger occurs when your fracture one of the bones in any of your fingers. Your thumbs have two bones and your other digits have three bones. 1 Take a long thin item, as long as your broken finger, such as a popsicle stick or a pen. 2 Place it next to your broken finger, or have a friend or family member help you hold it in place. 3 Use medical tape to wrap together the stick or pen and your finger. 4 Wrap it loosely. 5 The tape should not squeeze or pinch your finger", "A splint will keep your finger elevated and hold it in place. To make a splint: 1 Take a long thin item, as long as your broken finger, such as a popsicle stick or a pen. 2 Place it next to your broken finger, or have a friend or family member help you hold it in place. 3 Use medical tape to wrap together the stick or pen and your finger. 1 Take a long thin item, as long as your broken finger, such as a popsicle stick or a pen. 2 Place it next to your broken finger, or have a friend or family member help you hold it in place. 3 Use medical tape to wrap together the stick or pen and your finger. 4 Wrap it loosely. 5 The tape should not squeeze or pinch" ], "url": [ "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/how-long-do-broken-bones-take-to-heal.htm", "https://www.healthtap.com/topics/how-long-will-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal", "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00257", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090327142240AATNH2M", "http://www.themedicalquestions.com/illness/how-long-does-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal.html", "http://www.justanswer.com/health/1hd98-long-does-fractured-finger-heal.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_for_a_broken_finger_to_heal", "http://www.wikihow.com/Treat-a-Broken-Finger", "http://www.wikihow.com/Treat-a-Broken-Finger" ] }

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[ "If you need to increase or decrease the humidity in your incubator beyond what can be accomplished by adjusting the vents then you will need to increase or decrease the surface area of water in the incubator." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If there are no trays of water in the incubator, it is probably a combination of where you live and the humidity being put off by the eggs themselves. I don't think there would be anything you could do to reduce it. However, unless you are doing a dry hatch, I would recommend keeping some water at all times in the incubator so too much humidity is not taken out of the eggs. If the eggs dry out, they may not be able to hatch because the chicks will get stuck inside. Lisa Taylor. Taylor Hobby Farms.", "Answers. Best Answer: Humidity is a function of temperature because the hotter it is the more moisture the air can hold. So, without adding water air that is cool and then warmed will lose relative humidity. In my greenhouse as daytime temps go from 50 to 120 relative humidity goes from about 35% to 5%. I am trying to hatch bearded dragons from eggs for the first time. Ive done some Research and i bought a hobivator incubator. I know bearded dragon eggs need to be exposed to a temperature some where around 82 degrees with a humidity around 70%-90%. I have my incubator at 82 degrees but the humidity is only at about 65%. I put alot of water in the water tray that came with it", "Controlling Humidity. If you need to increase or decrease the humidity in your incubator beyond what can be accomplished by adjusting the vents then you will need to increase or decrease the surface area of water in the incubator. An easy method of turning eggs during storage before incubation is to put the eggs point down in an egg carton and place one end on a tissue box or equivalent height object. Once a day, move the carton to the other side of the box tilting the eggs from side to side.", "8. Adjust the humidity levels in the incubator. Humidity should be around 45 to 50 percent throughout incubation, except during the last three days when you will want to raise it to 65 percent. You may need higher or lower humidity levels depending on the type of eggs you wish to hatch. ", "This is critical on homemade incubators. It is possible to suffocate the eggs and chicks in air-tight container. The relative humidity of the air within an incubator for the first 18 days should be able 60 percent. During the last 3 days (the hatching period) the relative humidity should be nearer 65-70 percent. Too much moisture in the incubator prevents normal evaporation and results in a decreased hatch, but excessive moisture is seldom a problem in small incubators", "I could open the incubator doors but then the temperature would decrease. I will put a tray of water in to stop the eggs drying out, hadn't thought of that thanks. It is going to be cooler over the next few days which will lower the external humidity and therefore lower the internal humidity of the incubator. Reply. However, unless you are doing a dry hatch, I would recommend keeping some water at all times in the incubator so too much humidity is not taken out of the eggs. If the eggs dry out, they may not be able to hatch because the chicks will get stuck inside. Lisa Taylor. Taylor Hobby Farms.", "I keep mine between 50 and 55 for the first 18 days and then increase the last 3 days to around 65. However, unless you are doing a dry hatch, I would recommend keeping some water at all times in the incubator so too much humidity is not taken out of the eggs. If the eggs dry out, they may not be able to hatch because the chicks will get stuck inside. Lisa Taylor. Taylor Hobby Farms.", "During the last 2-3 days of incubation the eggs no longer need to be turned but they will require extra humidity. Each type of incubator will have suggestions as to how to increase the humidity at this time. Usually this involves closing air vents and adding more water to the incubator. An easy method of turning eggs during storage before incubation is to put the eggs point down in an egg carton and place one end on a tissue box or equivalent height object. Once a day, move the carton to the other side of the box tilting the eggs from side to side." ], "url": [ "http://www.backyardchickens.com/t/698082/how-to-reduce-the-humidity-in-my-incubator", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090511042532AAJBM1U", "http://www.wapoultryequipment.net.au/Information/incubation%20hints%20and%20tips.htm", "http://www.wikihow.com/Use-an-Incubator-to-Hatch-Eggs", "http://extension.psu.edu/animals/poultry/topics/general-educational-material/incubation/science-of-incubation/humidity-and-ventilation", "http://www.backyardchickens.com/t/698082/how-to-reduce-the-humidity-in-my-incubator", "http://www.backyardchickens.com/t/698082/how-to-reduce-the-humidity-in-my-incubator", "http://www.wapoultryequipment.net.au/Information/incubation%20hints%20and%20tips.htm" ] }

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[ "Tapeworms, fleas, and barnacles." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Parasitic Relationships. A parasitic relationship is one in which one organism, the parasite, lives off of another organism, the host, harming it and possibly causing death. The parasite lives on or in the body of the host. A few examples of parasites are tapeworms, fleas, and barnacles.", "A: An example of a parasitism relationship is that of ticks, fleas, lice or leeches on a host such as a human or dog. A parasitism relationship is where one of two plants or animals gains at the expense the other without killing it.", "comments powered by Disqus. Parasitism is a relationship between two organisms where one is usually harmed and the other gets benefits from the relationship. Parasites are smaller than their host organism and can reproduce quicker, causing more damage to the host.", "In biology / ecology, parasitism is a non-mutual symbiotic relationship between species, where one species, the parasite, benefits at the expense of the other, the host. Traditionally parasite (in biological usage) referred primarily to organisms visible to the naked eye, or macroparasites (such as helminths).", "Commensalism is a form of symbiosis between two organisms of different species in which one of them benefits from the association whereas the other is largely unaffected or not significantly harmed or benefiting from the relationship. Many of the animals that feed on grass will have birds follow them." ], "url": [ "http://www.necsi.edu/projects/evolution/co-evolution/parasites/co-evolution_parasite.html", "http://www.ask.com/science/example-parasitic-relationship-bfc602dec2876a22", "http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-parasitism.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitism", "http://savannahbiomeinfo.weebly.com/symbiosis.html" ] }

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[ "It is a person or entity to which the Health Science Center discloses protected health information so that the person/entity can carry out." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Princeton's WordNet (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: associate (noun). a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor. he had to consult his associate before continuing. companion, comrade, fellow, familiar, associate (noun). a friend who is frequently in the company of another. Associate (verb). to unite in action, or to be affected by the action of a different part of the body. Associate (adj). closely connected or joined with some other, as in interest, purpose, employment, or office; sharing responsibility or authority; as, an associate judge.", "Definition of Business Associate: A Business Associate is a person or entity to which the Health Science Center discloses protected health information so that the person/entity can carry out, assist with the performance of, or perform a function or activity for the Health Science Center. Any person or company that is a Business Associate will be required to sign a contract with special language mandated by the privacy rules. Business Associate agreements will assist the Health Science Center in protecting our patients' health information when it is released to someone outside our organization.", "MedSphere OpenVista. As defined by the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), a business associate is any organization or person working in association with or providing services to a covered entity who handles or discloses Personal Health Information (PHI) or Personal Health Records (PHR). Updates made to the HIPAA regulation by the HITECH Act require business associates to comply with HIPAA mandates regarding the handling and use of PHI.", "Wiktionary (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: associate (Noun). A person united with another or others in an act, enterprise, or business; a partner or colleague. associate (Noun). A companion; a comrade. associate (Noun). One that habitually accompanies or is associated with another; an attendant circumstance. Associate (verb). to unite in action, or to be affected by the action of a different part of the body. Associate (adj). closely connected or joined with some other, as in interest, purpose, employment, or office; sharing responsibility or authority; as, an associate judge.", "· just now. Report Abuse. A personal associate is a friend, or someone you know personally, or even anyone who you have met. A business associate is someone you know through business, or someone you work with, a work colleague for example. The capitalisation of these terms is not required. B K · 6 years ago. ", "10. a person having a subordinate position in or admitted to only partial membership of an institution, association, etc. adj (prenominal). 11. joined with another or others in an enterprise, business, etc; having equal or nearly equal status: an associate director. 4. associate-any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another; first was the lightning and then its thunderous associate. accompaniment, concomitant, co-occurrence, attendant-an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another.", "Business Associates. The Privacy Rule also protects individually identifiable health information when it is created or maintained by a person or entity conducting certain functions on behalf of a covered entity a business associate.", "(A) A function or activity involving the use or disclosure of individually identifiable health information, including claims processing or administration, data analysis, processing or administration, utilization review, quality assurance, billing, benefit management, practice management, and repricing; or. This posting is one of several that outline the HITECH privacy provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that President Obama signed into law on Tuesday, February 17, 2009, in Denver, CO. Here, we reproduce the definitions that appear in Subtitle D—Privacy, Section 13400." ], "url": [ "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Associate", "http://uthscsa.edu/hipaa/assoc-who.asp", "http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/business-associate", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Associate", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100326085156AA9cvtg", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/associate", "http://privacyruleandresearch.nih.gov/pr_06.asp", "http://www.hipaa.com/the-definition-of-business-associate/" ] }

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[ "2 to 3 weeks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Processing Times for Tax Refunds. The length of time it takes the CRA to process your income tax return and refund depends on how and when you file your return. Processing Times for Paper Returns. Paper returns usually take four to six weeks to process. For paper tax returns filed before April 15, wait four weeks before you check on your refund. For paper tax returns filed after April 15, wait six weeks before you check. Processing Times for Electronic Returns. Electronic (NETFILE or EFILE) returns can take as little as eight business days to be processed.", "NETFILE is an electronic tax-filing service that allows you to send your individual income tax and benefit return directly to the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) using the Internet and a NETFILE-certified software product. It streamlines the tax-filing process and offers the following benefits: 1 File your returns directly from one of the NETFILE-certified products available using the NETFILE webservice. 2 No more need to upload your “.tax” file. 3 Refunds are issued faster (in most cases, with direct deposit, you can receive your refund in as little as eight business days).", "You should wait until at least four weeks after you file your tax return before checking on the status of your refund. If you file your tax return after April 15, wait six weeks before you check. However, the length of time it takes the CRA to process your income tax return and refund depends on how and when you filed. NETFILE or EFILE returns tend to be processed faster than those on paper. ", "Report Abuse. The CRA says 6 weeks if you mail it but it is usually a bit longer, given that you filed right at the deadline and so does everyone else. I would expect it by end of June/early July. You can check the status of your refund online through the CRA website's Access. Next year, I suggest filing online via Netfile. I filed my taxes on April 29th 08 through the mail. I was wondering how long it should take for me to get my return. It is my first time filing (I don't know if that makes a difference). Follow.", "I understand that you would like to know that how long does it take netfile Canada tax return. Look if you have filed your returns through the normal paper work then it will take at least six weeks to get the tax refund back. While if you have made your tax refund using TELEFILE, NETFILE or EFILE then the waiting period is two weeks. Thanks Gary_dean.", "1 After you have filed your return using NETFILE. The NETFILE program will be open for transmissions on February 9, 2015, until January 15, 2016, for the electronic filing of your 2013 and 2014 personal income tax and benefit return. 1 File your returns directly from one of the NETFILE-certified products available using the NETFILE webservice. 2 No more need to upload your “.tax” file. 3 Refunds are issued faster (in most cases, with direct deposit, you can receive your refund in as little as eight business days).", "This electronic process is called NETFILE and can be completed from directly within the online program. NETFILE is a free, secure tax-filing option provided by the CRA and RQ that allows you to file your tax return electronically if you're using a NETFILE-certified product like H&R Block's Online Tax Software. When you use NETFILE, you: 1 Can get your refund fast-in as few as 8 business days.", "The CRA limits all NETFILE-certified tax preparation software products in Canada to a maximum of 20 returns filed per computer or online account, regardless of your income level. ", "If you have transmitted your return by NETFILE, all your data is sent to the CRA and /or the Revenu Quebec and you will receive a confirmation number from the CRA and the Revenu Quebec websites. It can take 2 to 3 weeks to receive a refund when you transmit your return via NETFILE. For mailed returns, refunds are mailed out in 4 to 6 weeks following receipt of the return by the CRA or the Revenu Quebec. If you haven't filed in your return yet, you must do so by choosing the option that suits your needs best. To find out more about NETFILE, please visit the Tax return section in UFile or contact the CRA by calling their toll-free Help Desk: 1-800-714-7257. UFile is not a government body. We are a tax preparation software company that provides you with the tools to file your return without using the old pencil-and-paper method. After you have completed your return you have a choice to transmit via NETFILE or print and mail your return." ], "url": [ "http://canadaonline.about.com/od/personalincometax/a/taxrefund.htm", "http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/netfile/", "https://www.hrblock.ca/filing-income-tax/", "https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080429233214AAanq1I", "http://www.askmefast.com/How_long_does_it_take_to_get_tax_refund_back_after_Netfile-qna103311.html", "http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/netfile/", "https://www.hrblock.ca/online-tax-software/faq/", "http://turbotax.intuit.ca/tax-resources/netfile.jsp", "http://support.drtax.ca/KB/faqs-web-english/source/webpages/kpa210-20080704103317su.htm" ] }

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[ "Bread and baked goods, cereals, salad dressings, candies, and snacks, whey, curds, milk by-products, dry milk solids, and nonfat dry milk.", "Lactose is also added to some foods, such as bread and baked goods, cereals, salad dressings, candies, and snacks.Foods that contain whey, curds, milk by-products, dry milk solids, and nonfat dry milk also contain lactose." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The most common foods that are high in lactose include dairy products such as milk, ice cream, and cheese. Lactose is also added to some foods, such as bread and baked goods, cereals, salad dressings, candies, and snacks. Foods that contain whey, curds, milk by-products, dry milk solids, and nonfat dry milk also contain lactose. Lactose is also present in about 20% of prescription medications, such as birth control pills (oral contraceptives), and about 6% of over-the-counter medications, such as some tablets for stomach acid and gas. Lactose intolerance is extremely common.", "Tips for Consumers. 1 If you are lactose intolerant, try lactose-free milk or dairy products lower in lactose, such as yogurt and cheese. 2 You may be able to consume dairy products in small amounts without symptoms. 3 Consume milk or other dairy products with other foods. Dietary supplements with lactase enzyme are available to help people digest foods that contain lactose. However, FDA has not formally evaluated the effectiveness of these products, and you may want to ask your doctor if these supplements are right for you.", "Regular Milk. Regular milk is the most concentrated source of lactose. Avoid drinking milk, adding it to your cereal or cooking with it to keep your lactose intake as low as possible and prevent symptoms. Goat milk and the milk of other mammals contain a similar amount of lactose compared to cow milk. Fresh cheeses have a moderate lactose content. Avoid ricotta cheese, cottage cheese and feta cheese and foods prepared with these ingredients to prevent embarrassing digestive problems. Even if you are lactose intolerant, you can still enjoy aged cheese, such as Brie cheese, cheddar cheese and Swiss cheese.", "1 If you are lactose intolerant, try lactose-free milk or dairy products lower in lactose, such as yogurt and cheese. 2 You may be able to consume dairy products in small amounts without symptoms. 3 Consume milk or other dairy products with other foods. Dietary supplements with lactase enzyme are available to help people digest foods that contain lactose. However, FDA has not formally evaluated the effectiveness of these products, and you may want to ask your doctor if these supplements are right for you.", "Lactose (g). Vegetables and Fruit. These foods contain very little lactose. Vegetables and fruits that may contain lactose include those prepared with milk or milk products such as creamed vegetables or covered in cream sauce, fruit in pudding or custard, or breaded and battered vegetables. Grain Products. Download. Lactose is found in all milk products and may be added as an ingredient to many different foods and beverages. Read the ingredient list on product labels to find out if the product contains a lactose-containing food.", "People who are lactose intolerant are missing the enzyme lactase, which breaks down lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. As a result, lactose-intolerant patients are unable to digest these foods, and may experience symptoms such as nausea, cramps, gas, bloating and diarrhea. ", "Other foods that MAY contain lactose in smaller quantities include: 1 Bread and baked goods. 2 Milk chocolate. 3 Salad dressings and sauces. 4 Breakfast cereals and cereal bars. 5 Instant potatoes, soups, rice and noodle mixes. 6 Lunchmeats (other than kosher). 7 Candies and other snacks. 8 Mixes for pancakes, biscuits, and cookies. The most common high-lactose foods include: 1 Milk, milkshakes and other milk-based beverages. 2 Whipping cream and coffee creamer. 3 Ice cream, ice milk, sherbet. 4 Cheese. 5 Butter. 6 Puddings, custards. 7 Cream soups, cream sauces. 8 Yogurt", "Food and drinks that don't usually contain lactose include: 1 soya milks, yoghurts and some cheeses. 2 milks made from rice, oats, quinoa, almonds, hazelnuts, coconut and potato. 3 foods which carry the 'dairy-free' or 'suitable for vegans' signs. 4 carob bars. As well as milk and dairy products, there are other food and drinks that can sometimes contain lactose. These can include: 1 salad cream, salad dressing and mayonnaise. 2 biscuits. 3 chocolate. 4 boiled sweets.", "Skim Milk Powder. Many processed foods can contain skim milk powder or other lactose-containing ingredients. Read food labels and make sure you don't see any skim milk powder, cheese or yogurt on the label of the foods you want to buy. Fresh cheeses have a moderate lactose content. Avoid ricotta cheese, cottage cheese and feta cheese and foods prepared with these ingredients to prevent embarrassing digestive problems. Even if you are lactose intolerant, you can still enjoy aged cheese, such as Brie cheese, cheddar cheese and Swiss cheese." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-lactose-intolerance", "http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm094550.htm", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/list-foods-avoid-lactose-intolerance-1961.html", "http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm094550.htm", "http://www.dietitians.ca/Your-Health/Nutrition-A-Z/Lactose/Food-Sources-of-Lactose.aspx", "http://www.foodallergy.org/allergens/milk-allergy", "http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Lactose_Intolerance", "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/lactose-intolerance/Pages/Treatment.aspx", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/list-foods-avoid-lactose-intolerance-1961.html" ] }

[]

[ "7.5mm" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "6.5-7mm pearl necklace: It gives a delicate look. The size is neither too big nor too small. Ideal for young or petite women. 7-7.5mm pearl necklace: It is about the central size for Akoya pearls. 7-7.5mm is the most popular among all sizes of pearls. Appropriate for most women. Ideal for weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, Mother's Day presents, college graduations, and Valentine's Day gifts.", "South Sea pearls dominate the pearl world in size, and are generally found between 9mm and 15mm, though some pearls can be found as large as 20mm in size! These larger and extremely rare pearls are extremely valuable, especially in the higher qualities. Pearls below 10mm are typically considered small in size. 10mm until 12mm are generally the more popular sizes selected for necklaces, while anything above 13mm is considered to be larger, rarer, and more valuable, especially in the higher qualities. ", "SIZE OF TAHITIAN PEARLS. Tahitian pearls range from 8 to 18 millimeters in size, the average being 13 millimeters. As with any cultured pearl, a fine quality Tahitian pearl may be judged by its quality factors, but also by personal taste. In the end what is most important is what makes a pearl beautiful to your customer. A brief history of pearls SIZE OF TAHITIAN PEARLS Tahitian pearls range from 8 to 18 millimeters in size, the average being 13 millimeters.", "The sizes of cultured Akoya pearls range from 2 to 10mm. The larger the pearl, the rarer and more valuable it is. The average size of pearl necklaces sold today is 6.5-7mm, 7-7.5mm, and 7.5-8mm. 6-6.5mm pearl necklace: Ideal for young or petite women. 7-7.5mm pearl necklace: It is about the central size for Akoya pearls. 7-7.5mm is the most popular among all sizes of pearls. Appropriate for most women. Ideal for weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, Mother's Day presents, college graduations, and Valentine's Day gifts.", "The larger the pearl, the greater the cost. A 2 millimeter cultured pearl is considered very small, whereas Akoya cultured pearls over 8 millimeters are considered very large; in South Sea pearls, an 8 mm pearl is small, 13-15 millimeters is average, and over 16 millimeters is very large. Pearl strands are sorted by size, with a specific millimeter range: Petite: 6 millimeters and below; Classic: 6 to 7.5 millimeters; Most Popular: 7 to 7.5 millimeters; Outstanding: 8 millimeters. A pearl's size doesn't necessarily indicate its quality, but it most certainly does affect its price.", "After all, a pearl strand of same quality using slightly smaller pearls is just as beautiful, yet prices do of course go up with pearl size -- especially as you get into the extremely rare sizes (8 x 8.5mm and larger). 5.5 x 6mm-Priced from $250 up to $850 Generally for young teens, 12 to 16 years. ", "1 5mm or less: Generally recommended for young girls and/or very petite ladies. 2 6mm Pearls: A bit smaller than 'usual' - a good option for ladies 5'3 or under and/or with a particularly slender neck. 3 7mm - 8mm Pearls: The 'standard' size. 4 Most pearl strands you've likely seen are about 7-8mm. ", "The diameter of every pearl is measured in millimeters, varying from 2 to 20mm and rounded off to the nearest 0.5 mm. Pearls in strands are measured differently. Measurements are taken perpendicular to the drill holes and expressed in half-millimeter ranges, for example, 6 to 6.5 millimeters. When it comes to quality pearls, like most things, size does matter. A key factor in a pearl's value is its size, with the larger pearls generally being the more prized." ], "url": [ "http://www.premiumpearl.com/guide-pearl-necklace-size.html", "https://www.thepearlsource.com/pearl-sizing.php", "http://www.americanpearl.com/historybtsize.html", "http://www.premiumpearl.com/guide-pearl-necklace-size.html", "http://www.sndgems.com/pearlsize.html", "http://www.americanpearl.com/whatsizisrig1.html", "http://www.pearls.com/pages/pearl-size-comparison", "http://www.pearlsofjoy.com/Pearl-Size_ep_51-1.html" ] }

[]

[ "God is my strength" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Origin of the name Gabriel: Derived from the Hebrew gavrīēl (God is my strength). The name is borne in the Bible by one of the seven archangels, the herald of Good News who appeared to Mary to announce her pregnancy and the impending birth of the Christ-child. Short: Gabe. From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman. ", "The name Gabrielle is a French baby name. In French the meaning of the name Gabrielle is: Woman of God. A feminine form of the Hebrew name Gabriel. American Meaning: The name Gabrielle is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Gabrielle is: Woman of God. A feminine form of the Hebrew name Gabriel. Hebrew Meaning: The name Gabrielle is a Hebrew baby name. In Hebrew the meaning of the name Gabrielle is: God gives strength", "Notes: Gabriel is a name with Hebrew origins. The meaning of the name Gabriel is God is my Strength. In the Bible, Gabriel is an archangel who was God’s messenger. Common nicknames for the name Gabriel include Gabe and Gabey. Famous people with the name Gabriel include rulers (Gabriel II and III of Constantinople), Prince Gabriel Constantinovich of Russia, and Prince Gabriel of Russia.", "The name Gabriel is a Biblical baby name. In Biblical the meaning of the name Gabriel is: God is my strength. Spanish Meaning: The name Gabriel is a Spanish baby name. In Spanish the meaning of the name Gabriel is: God is my strength. American Meaning: The name Gabriel is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Gabriel is: God is my strength. Hebrew Meaning: The name Gabriel is a Hebrew baby name. In Hebrew the meaning of the name Gabriel is: Man of God. God's able-bodied one. Famous bearer: The archangel Gabriel, who appears several times in the Bible. Swedish Meaning: The name Gabriel is a Swedish", "Gabriel /gab-ri-el/ [2 sylls.] as a boys' name (also used less regularly as girls' name Gabriel) is pronounced GAY-bree-el. It is of Hebrew origin, and the meaning of Gabriel is man of God; my strength is God. From Hebrew gheber man, or gabar strong, combined with el god. Biblical: the archangel Gabriel, messenger of God and intermediary between God and man, is only angel besides Michael named in the canonical Scriptures. ", "The feminine given name Gabrielle is from the Hebrew and French languages, with the meaning of God is my strength, a heroine, strong. It is the feminine form of the male giv … en name Gabriel. 2 people found this useful. ", "From the Hebrew name גַבְרִיאֵל (Gavri'el) meaning God is my strong man. Gabriel was one of the seven archangels in Hebrew tradition. He appears in both the Old Testament and the New Testament, where he serves as the announcer of the births of John to Zechariah and Jesus to Mary. ", "View the Gabriel Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Gabriel has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Gabriel to other names. Gabriel is derived from the Hebrew elements geh-ver (&#1490&#1468&#1462&#1489&#1462&#1512) meaning man, male and el (&#1488&#1461&#1500) meaning G-d. ", "From the Hebrew name (Gavri'el) which meant strong man of God. Gabriel is one of the seven archangels in Hebrew tradition. He appears in both the Old Testament and the New Testament, where he serves as the announcer of the births of John to Zechariah and Jesus to Mary. ", "Gabriel (Hebrew: גַבְרִיאֵל) is a given name or surname derived from the Hebrew name Gabriel meaning God is my strength. It was popularized by the association with the Biblical archangel Gabriel. " ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/gabriel", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/gabrielle", "http://www.babynames.com/name/GABRIEL", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/gabriel", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Gabriel", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_meaning_of_the_name_Gabriel", "http://www.behindthename.com/name/gabriel", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Gabriel.html", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Gabriel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_(name)" ] }

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[ "Productive; Fruitful; Increasing; Bountiful" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Comments and insights on the name Apphia: | Edit. Share what you know! Personal experiences with the name Apphia: | Edit. Share what you know! Nicknames for Apphia: | Edit. Share what you know! Meanings and history of the name Apphia: | Edit. Greek form of a Hebrew name meaning 'fruitiful, increasing'.", "The name Apphia thus means Darling in Phrygian, but for those who didn't speak Phrygian but Hebrew (there must have been a few), the name Appiah may have sounded to mean She Who Shields, or Innocent Girl, or Pure Woman. | copyright | author | contact | Biblical names | home |. The name Apphia in the Bible. Apphia is mentioned by Paul in his letter to Philemon (v2). Because her name is mentioned directly after that of Philemon, some scholars allow the reasonable conjecture that she is Philemon's wife (Spiros Zodhiates — Complete Wordstudy Dictionary New Testament).", "List of Biblical baby names, Biblical baby boy names (male), girl names (female) & Biblical names meanings has been compiled from various resources. Please use this list of Biblical baby names only for reference/idea to name your kid/child. Database of baby names has been compiled from various references and suggestions provided by our web site visitors and resources partners. Meaning of Apphia in Biblical origin/culture for Girl name with history and fame details.", "[ 3 syll. ap -(p) hia, app-h- ia ] The baby girl name Apphia is pronounced AE F-iy-ah or AE P-Fiy-ah in English †. Apphia has its origins in the Old Greek language and it is used largely in English. Apphia's meaning is 'bountiful'. A variant transcription of Apphia is Apphiah. Apphia is not widely used as a baby name for girls. ", "The name Apphia is a Biblical baby name. In Biblical the meaning of the name Apphia is: Productive; fruitful. SoulUrge Number: 11. Expression Number: 6. People with this name have a deep inner desire to inspire others in a higher cause, and to share their own strongly held views on spiritual matters. for harmony and balance in their lives, and respond positively to beautiful things.", "Greek form of a Hebrew name which possibly meant increasing. This is a name mentioned in Paul 's epistle to Philemon in the New Testament. ", "APPHIA. af'-i-a, ap'-fi-a (Apphia, dative case of Apphia; in Philemon 1:2, though Apphia, Amphia, and Appia, also occur): A Christian of Colosse, probably the wife of Philemon; certainly a member of his household, greeted as the sister the Revised Version, margin. In the Greek church, November 22 is sacred to her memory. ", "Scripture Reference — Philemon 1:2. Name Meaning —That which is fruitful. This believer, belonging to Colossae, the ancient Phrygian city now a part of Turkey, is spoken of as our “dearly beloved” and “our sister” (rv, margin). It is likely that she lived out the significance of her name by being a fruitful branch of the Vine.", "Meaning of Apphia. Israeli name. In Israeli, the name Apphia means-productive, fruitful.The name Apphia originated as an Israeli name. The name Apphia is most often used as a girl name or female name. Israeli Name Meaning-productive, fruitful.", "Some sources insist that Apphia is a transliteration of a Hebrew name and that it means Increase. If so, then the name it came from must have been related to the verb יסף (yasap) meaning to add, increase, do again. In itself that's not unthinkable because this verb is also the source of the names Joseph and Josiphiah. The name Apphia in the Bible. Apphia is mentioned by Paul in his letter to Philemon (v2). Because her name is mentioned directly after that of Philemon, some scholars allow the reasonable conjecture that she is Philemon's wife (Spiros Zodhiates — Complete Wordstudy Dictionary New Testament)." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/apphia", "http://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Apphia.html", "http://www.babynology.com/meaning-apphia-f10.html", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Apphia", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/apphia", "http://www.behindthename.com/name/apphia", "http://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/apphia/", "https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/all-women-bible/Apphia", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/israeli-names/apphia.asp", "http://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Apphia.html" ] }

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[ "about $1,500 to $4,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "According to our fence installation cost estimator, the average price to install a fence is $2,388. No matter your preferred type, most homeowners choose a six-foot privacy fence. The average minimum cost to install a six-foot privacy fence is $3 per linear foot, with the maximum coming in at $13 per linear foot. Security gates, for those looking for extra protection, on average, cost around $5,000.", "1 Chain-link fence prices fluctuate with the cost of steel, but an average residential chain link fence with do-it-yourself installation typically costs $3-$6 a linear foot for 4' high and $8-$15 a foot for 6' high; with a gate or other options DIY materials can be $400-$2,000 for a 100' fence.", "1 The cost for a wooden fence can vary from $3 -$9 a foot for do-it-yourself installation of a ranch-style rail fence, to $10 -$30 or more a foot for professional installation of a basic 6' wood privacy fence. 2 For details, see How Much Does a Wood Fence Cost.", "1 With professional installation it can cost $0.50-$4 a foot, depending on materials and terrain, or $450-$3,500 to enclose a square acre. 2 Do-it-yourself installation of a high tensile electric fence to control livestock or wildlife costs about $0.05-$0.75 a foot, or $50-$65", "Since the cost for fencing can vary widely, it's important to estimate cost per project, keeping the specific materials and dimensions in mind. Nationally, costs range from about $1,500 to $4,000 for new fence installation. On average, homeowners spend $2,550, but prices can vary slightly by region. Continue Reading.", "1 With professional installation a rail fence can cost $8-$25 or more a foot, or $900-$3,000 for 100' and $6,800-$21,000 to enclose a square acre, depending on local rates, the number of rails and the terrain (sloping properties or those with difficult access will cost more).", "Get an INSTANT estimate of the cost to Install a Fence! Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Fence Installation project. For a basic 25 linear feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install a Fence ranges between $20.44 - $28.94 per linear foot." ], "url": [ "http://www.improvenet.com/a/how-much-does-a-fence-cost", "http://home.costhelper.com/fence.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/fence.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/fence.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/fencing/", "http://home.costhelper.com/wooden-fencing.html", "http://homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_fence.html" ] }

[]

[ "$120" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A brewing Kit costs about $100 including the Ingredients The fermenter will make 6 gallons of beer. 6 gallons of beer is the equivalent of 64 12oz bottles. 64 bottles for $100, comes to about 1.56 a beer.", "Of course there’s shipping to account for, but buy two or more and the price goes down to under $32 per kit, plus you qualify for E. C. Kraus free shipping. Now we’re talking! As you can see it really doesn't cost that much to make your own beer.", "Brew-it-yourself kits costing as little as 5.75 come usually in 40 pint packs, and this works out at a fraction of the cost, just under 15p per pint! If you can make a cup of tea, you can brew a pint of beer. Home beermaking is a totally successful and rewarding hobby.", "On the other hand, if you are comparing the cost of making that same porter to the cost of a case of Old Milwaukee (or a similar very inexpensive beer, which can be found for less than $10 per 24 pack), homebrewing isn’t cost effective at all and is in fact more expensive than such beer.", "Or, $20-$24 per month. Multiply that by 12, and you get between $240 and $288 per year in savings. If you brew your own beer, your savings increase by one-third to one-half! Even the top of the line kegerator is likely to pay for itself within two years, and if you use a kegerator conversion kit, in less than one year!", "If you have your own 22 ounce bottles from a prior brew session with Saugatuck Brewing Company the cost is reduced by $50.00. We do emphasize that it is your responsibility to utilize proper bottle care so that the proper level of sanitation is maintained.", "If I had to buy beer like I'm making, it would cost me over $120 for that case of beer I made for only $20. However, if you feel that Bud Light is the best beer in the world, don't bother with brewing your own.", "The cost savings between purchasing good quality beer and going the U-brew route is pretty substantial; you roughly get 120 pints for $150 CAD (one kettle of brew). Add on about $20 for bottles the first time in and re-use them. It’s a great way to get a group of friends together.", "Most beer making recipes follow a pretty standard procedure. Just pour two gallons of water into your large pot, heat it to 160 degrees F (80 degrees C) or so, put the grains in the grain bag and tie it off, then drop the grain bag in the water to steep for twenty minutes or so." ], "url": [ "http://www.thesimpledollar.com/a-walkthrough-and-cost-breakdown-of-brewing-your-own-beer/", "http://www.eckraus.com/blog/how-much-does-it-cost-to-make-your-own-beer", "http://www.homebeermaking.co.uk/", "http://www.thesimpledollar.com/a-walkthrough-and-cost-breakdown-of-brewing-your-own-beer/", "http://www.kegerators.com/articles/the-true-cost-of-owning-a-kegerator.php", "http://saugatuckbrewing.com/brew-your-own-beer/", "http://www.wisebread.com/homebrewed-beer-make-your-own-and-save-money", "http://www.thesimpledollar.com/a-walkthrough-and-cost-breakdown-of-brewing-your-own-beer/", "http://www.thesimpledollar.com/a-walkthrough-and-cost-breakdown-of-brewing-your-own-beer/" ] }

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[ "Tail fibers or Analogous structure." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In order to infect a host cell, the bacteriophage attaches itself to the bacteria’s cell wall, specifically on a receptor found on the bacteria’s surface. Once it becomes tightly bound to the cell, the bacterial virus injects its genetic material (its nucleic acid) into the host cell. ", "These structures are used by bacteriophages to attach to host cell receptors: A) sheath B) tail fibers C) nucleic acid D) capsid head E) none of the choices are correct. B) tail fibers. Steps in Bacteriophage Replication. Adsorption, Penetration (different from regular virus, genome enters host cell, not the virus), Replication, Synthesis and Assembly, Maturation(completion of viral formation), Release(viruses leave cells to infect other cells).", "The bacterial ligand, called an adhesin, is typically a macromolecular component of the bacterial cell surface which interacts with the host cell receptor. Adhesins and receptors usually interact in a complementary and specific fashion. The host receptors are usually glycoproteins located on the cell membrane or tissue surface. Several types of experiments provide direct evidence that receptor and/or adhesin molecules mediate specificity of adherence of bacteria to host cells or tissues. These include: 1.", "In this electron micrograph of bacteriophages attached to a bacterial cell, the viruses are the size and shape of coliphage T1. To enter a host cell, bacteriophages attach to specific receptors on the surface of bacteria, including lipopolysaccharides, teichoic acids, proteins, or even flagella. As the lysogenic cycle allows the host cell to continue to survive and reproduce, the virus is reproduced in all of the cell’s offspring. An example of a bacteriophage known to follow the lysogenic cycle and the lytic cycle is the phage lambda of E. coli.", "The tail fibers attach to specific receptors on the bacterial cell and the host specificity of the phage (i.e. the bacteria that it is able to infect) is usually determined by the type of tail fibers that a phage has. The nature of the bacterial receptor varies for different bacteria. Bacteriophage (phage) are obligate intracellular parasites that multiply inside bacteria by making use of some or all of the host biosynthetic machinery (i.e., viruses that infect bacteria.). There are many similarities between bacteriophages and animal cell viruses.", "Bacteriophage is a virus that attacks bacteria. When bacteriophage typically attaches to the bacterium and then injects nucleic acid into it and then the ghost virus prote … in stays outside. When it has replicated multiple times within the host cell. They need to be liberated, so they disrupt the membrane and burst open, thereby killing the infected host cell.", "Bacteriophage From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A bacteriophage (from 'bacteria' and Greek phagein, 'to eat') is any one of a number of viruses that infect bacteria. The term is commonly used in its shortened form, phage. Typically, bacteriophages consist of an outer protein hull enclosing genetic material. Diagram of bacteriophage structure Release of virions Phages may be released via cell lysis or by host cell secretion. In the case of the T4 phage, in just over twenty minutes after injection upwards of three hundred phages will be released via lysis within a certain timescale.", "Viruses usually prefer specific types of cells from specific animals or plants because their genetic makeup and the proteins that they have available to use to attach to and e … nter the cell to make it change its function and work for the virus instead of the host, are also specific for infecting those cells. When bacteriophage typically attaches to the bacterium and then injects nucleic acid into it and then the ghost virus prote … in stays outside. When it has replicated multiple times within the host cell. They need to be liberated, so they disrupt the membrane and burst open, thereby killing the infected", "A. Adsorption The first step in the infection process is the adsorption of the phage to the bacterial cell. This step is mediated by the tail fibers or by some analogous structure on those phages that lack tail fibers and it is reversible. Bacteriophage (phage) are obligate intracellular parasites that multiply inside bacteria by making use of some or all of the host biosynthetic machinery (i.e., viruses that infect bacteria.). There are many similarities between bacteriophages and animal cell viruses.", "This step is mediated by the tail fibers or by some analogous structure on those phages that lack tail fibers. Phages attach to specific receptors on the bacterial cell such as proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium, LPS, pili, and lipoprotein. This process is reversible. One or more of the components of the base plate mediates irreversible binding of phage to a bacterium. At the end of the tail, phages like T4 have a base plate and one or more tail fibers attached to it. The base plate and tail fibers are involved in the binding of the phage to the bacterial cell. Not all phages have base plates and" ], "url": [ "http://phages.org/bacteriophage/", "https://quizlet.com/20775958/chapter-6-an-introduction-to-viruses-flash-cards/", "http://textbookofbacteriology.net/pathogenesis_2.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriophage", "http://www.microbiologybook.org/mayer/phage.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_structures_are_used_by_bacteriophages_to_attach_to_host_cell_receptors", "http://www.mc3cb.com/pdf_articles/Bacteriophage.pdf", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_structures_are_used_by_bacteriophages_to_attach_to_host_cell_receptors", "http://www.microbiologybook.org/mayer/phage.htm", "http://microrao.com/micronotes/bacteriophage.pdf" ] }

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[ "PBX operator is a person who operates a telephone switchboard.", "To handle phone traffic, businesses at one time used switchboards staffed by operators, who manually connected each call as it came in or went out. Nowadays, automated private branch exchanges are making the traditional job description of a PBX operator obsolete.Nevertheless, some operations still require human control of incoming calls, voicemail systems, conferencing, messaging and reception." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "To handle phone traffic, businesses at one time used switchboards staffed by operators, who manually connected each call as it came in or went out. Nowadays, automated private branch exchanges are making the traditional job description of a PBX operator obsolete. Nevertheless, some operations still require human control of incoming calls, voicemail systems, conferencing, messaging and reception. The job entails basic customer service. The operator must handle and direct incoming calls, route these incoming calls to the correct individual or department within the business, or send to a message system, such as voicemail, if required.", "Private-branch exchange, or PBX, operators answer incoming calls, route calls to a desired department, and respond to callers' questions. Due to the proliferation of automated systems, the occupation is in decline. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 23 percent reduction in jobs by 2020. ", "Working as a PBX operator requires good people skills, as operators are literally the voice of the companies they work for. A courteous and patient personality is needed to become a PBX operator. A PBX operator routes calls for a corporation or organization. View slideshow of images above. At an organization that uses a PBX, the PBX operator is the first person callers hear when they make a call. The operator receives calls and routes them to appropriate departments, as well as handling short questions and requests for assistance.", "A private branch exchange (PBX) operator is a person who operates a telephone switchboard. Switchboards are used by large businesses, such as hotels, to handle calls internally as well as receive incoming calls. At an organization that uses a PBX, the PBX operator is the first person callers hear when they make a call. The operator receives calls and routes them to appropriate departments, as well as handling short questions and requests for assistance.", "LDProd/iStock/Getty Images. A private branch exchange operator is an individual who manages telephone calls for a specific office, unlike common carrier exchange operators who manage telephone business for multiple offices or the public. Function. PBX operators perform several functions for the business they work for. They are responsible for accepting incoming calls, creating connections between incoming lines and internal lines, and creating connections between two internal lines.", "Pay for PBX Operators in the United States sits in the ballpark of $11.85 per hour. The pay spectrum stretches from $8.99 per hour to $15.73. Location is the biggest factor affecting pay for this group, followed by experience level. The majority of workers are highly satisfied with their job. The main priority of a PBX operator is to maintain high standards set for customer service by the hospital for which they work. Their goal is to be an advocate for the customer and provide the best service possible, and this may include explaining product information.", "A PBX Operator is the person that answers the phones on the main hospital line. This means if a person doesn't know the direct number to reach whomever they're trying to reach at the hospital they will call the main number and get you. ", "Effects. While most PBX operators work for medium and large sized businesses and offices, the past 10 years has seen an increase in PBX operators employed by small businesses and entrepreneurs. One reason for the new job market is the lowered cost of owning a PBX system since digital options were offered. Function. PBX operators perform several functions for the business they work for. They are responsible for accepting incoming calls, creating connections between incoming lines and internal lines, and creating connections between two internal lines.", "Avaya Aura. A PBX (private branch exchange) is a telephone system within an enterprise that switches calls between enterprise users on local lines while allowing all users to share a certain number of external phone lines. " ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/pbx-operator-17252.html", "http://work.chron.com/become-pbx-operator-24002.html", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-pbx-operator.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-pbx-operator.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/about_4695674_what-pbx-operator.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=PBX_Operator/Hourly_Rate", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100811225738AAWJucD", "http://www.ehow.com/about_4695674_what-pbx-operator.html", "http://searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.com/definition/private-branch-exchange" ] }

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[ "3’x5’" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The most common American flag size is a 3' x 5', which is ideal for display outside of your home. Some prefer a slightly smaller flag such as a 2' x 3', but with slight difference in costs we like to recommend with the bigger one to help the display. If you you going to fly the flag let’s see is our saying.", "Flags to use with residential flagpoles. Flag size 3’x5’ is the most popular size flag for residential display. The size is appropriate for display with a pole and mounting bracket on your home or with a ground set flagpole 18 to 20 feet tall. Some prefer a slightly smaller size, 2-1/2’x4.", "The standard sizes are (all listed height x width) : A) Size: 4 inches x 6 inches (101mm x 152mm). This is the smallest standard flag and comes with its own little pole so you can wave them by hand at parades, fetes etc. This is also the standard size for table flags.", "This is the most common flag size and therefore the most 'Standard', It is a cost effective production size and used on most company flag poles, outside private houses, at schools, clubs etcetera. A full size flag pole is required for this size flag. F) Size: 4ft x 6ft (1219mm x 1829mm). Whilst only slightly bigger in each dimension, this is a considerable increase in area over the standard size flag. It is therefore much heavier and takes more wind to fly.", "Size guide: For in-ground flagpoles, the length of the flag should be one quarter to one third the height of the pole. An example would be if you had a 20ft (6m) flagpole you should be looking at a 3ft x 5ft (914mm x 1524mm) flag." ], "url": [ "http://www.flagoutpost.com/categories/American-Flags/Shop-by-Size/", "http://www.libertyflags.com/flag-sizes-for-residential-or-commercial-flagpoles/", "http://www.zephyr-flags.co.uk/direct/flag-resources-flag-sizes.php", "http://www.zephyr-flags.co.uk/direct/flag-resources-flag-sizes.php", "http://www.zephyr-flags.co.uk/direct/flag-resources-flag-sizes.php" ] }

[]

[ "May 3, 1950", "May 3, 1950" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Published in Dallas Morning News from Mar. 21 to Mar. 22, 2012. Hopkins, Mary Mary Ellen Davis Hopkins, age 61, of Dallas, Texas passed away on March 18, 2012. She was born November 17, 1950 in Marshall, Texas to Jeff Davis and Lillia Rosborough Davis. On August 4, 1973, she married the love of her life, Randy Hopkins, in Crockett, Texas where she spent her childhood. The light of her life, Katy, was born July 9, 1986, in Dallas, Texas where Mary and Randy made their home for 40 years. Mary graduated from Stephen F. Austin University in 1971 with a BA in education.", "In her teens she made some modest success as a Welsh folk singer until one day, on 4 May, 1968, one day after her 18th birthday, she appeared on the television talent show Opportunity Knocks (1956), a show which featured talented (and sometimes not-so-talented) up-and-coming show business ... See full bio ». ", "Proev prøv igjen. Senere lastet opp. 5. jan. 2011 Mary (hopkin born 3 may), 1950 credited on some recordings As Mary, visconti is A welsh folk singer best known for her 1968 uk number one Single Those Were The. days 2011. Mary Hopkin (born 3 May 1950), credited on some recordings as Mary Visconti, is a Welsh folk singer best known for her 1968 UK number one single Those Were The Days.", "1 Mary Kent is believed to be the first wife of Stephen Hopkins, born in Ratlake, Hampshire in about 1580, the daughter of Robert and Joan Kent. 2 Robert’s father may have been named Andrew Kent. 3 Joan’s maiden name was probably Machill, or a variation thereof such as Machell, based on documents of the time. Hopkins was baptized 30 April 1581 at Upper Clatford, Hampshire, England, the son of John Hopkins and Elizabeth Williams. He died between 6 June 1644 and 17 July 1644. Not much is known about his early life in Hampshire, but his family appears to have removed to Winchester, Hampshire by 1586.", "Lastet opp 5. jan. 2011. Mary Hopkin (born 3 May 1950), credited on some recordings as Mary Visconti, is a Welsh folk singer best known for her 1968 UK number one single Those Were The Days. She was one of the first musicians to sign to The Beatles' Apple label", "Mary Hopkin (born May 3, 1950) is a British singer. Born in Pontardawe, Wales, she grew up Welsh-speaking and began her musical career as a folk singer. She was discovered after appearing and winning ''Opportunity Knocks' hosted by the much imitated and more recently chronicled Hughie Green. She was one of the first artists to record on The Beatles' Apple record label.", "Children of Stephen Hopkins and his wife Mary, baptized in the parish of Hursley, Hampshire, England: 1 Elizabeth Hopkins was baptized on 13 March 1603/04. 2 She was alive at her mother’s death in 1613, but nothing else is known of her. Hopkins was baptized 30 April 1581 at Upper Clatford, Hampshire, England, the son of John Hopkins and Elizabeth Williams. He died between 6 June 1644 and 17 July 1644. Not much is known about his early life in Hampshire, but his family appears to have removed to Winchester, Hampshire by 1586.", "Mary's story has been told many times over. At some point we may write a sheer unadulterated biography for this website, but for now, here are the basics, pulled from Wikipedia: Mary Hopkin (born May 3, 1950) is a Welsh folk singer. She is best known as one of the first artists to sign to The Beatles' Apple Records label. ", "Wife of Samuel Smith. Died as an adult. Unmarked grave. Cemetery records list her death date as 1700. However, Jesse Smith Ancestors and Descendants by L. Bertand Smith in 1919 gives birth information for Mary Hopkins Smith as born in Yarmouth, MA, 1640 and died in Eastham Mar 20, 1696-97.", "Mary Hopkin (born 3 May 1950), credited on some recordings as Mary Visconti, is a Welsh folk singer best known for her 1968 UK number one single Those Were The Days . To celebrate her 57th birthday in 2007, she released an album called Valentine on her new eponymous label. It included 12 previously unheard tracks dating from 1972 to 1980, three of which were written by Hopkin. In 2008, a new album, Recollections, was released on her own label." ], "url": [ "http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/dallasmorningnews/obituary.aspx?pid=156609423", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1051284/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogfhIAXmdEU", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hopkins_(Mayflower_passenger)", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogfhIAXmdEU", "http://www.last.fm/music/Mary+Hopkin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hopkins_(Mayflower_passenger)", "http://www.maryhopkin.com/pages/biography.html", "http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=51538880", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Hopkin" ] }

[]

[ "Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita.manita muscaria is the type species of the genus." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Amanita muscaria is the type species of the genus. By extension, it is also the type species of Amanita subgenus Amanita, as well as section Amanita within this subgenus.", "Fly agaric was first described by Carl Linnaeus (Swedish botanist and the father of modern taxonomy) in 1753, as Agaricus muscarius, the epithet deriving from the Latin ‘ musca ’, or ‘fly’, apparently referring to its use in parts of Europe as an insecticide, crushed in milk for attracting and killing flies. Toxicity of fly agaric. Fly agaric is psychoactive and hallucinogenic, containing the alkaloids muscimol, ibotenic acid and muscazone, which react with neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system. These cause psychotropic poisoning which may be severe in some cases although deaths are very rare.", "Amanita cafeteria, commonly called fly agaric or less often smurf 's mushroom, is a fungus that sprouts from the forest floor. The nickname Smurf's mushroom comes from the little blue creatures that carve out homes in the bulbous base of Fly Agaric mushrooms. 1 Fly Agaric is also known as Amanita Muscaria, Fly Amanita, and is suspected to be the ancient ritual drug Soma(unproven).", "Yet a type of mushroom called Amanita muscaria — commonly known as fly agaric, or fly amanita — was found growing in the gardens of Buckingham Palace by the producers of a television show, the Associated Press reported on Friday (Dec. 12). A. muscaria is distinct from psilocybin magic mushroom, (such as Psilocybe cubensis), a common recreational drug. It was outlawed in the United Kingdom in July 2005. After that, legal sales of A. muscaria began increasing, according to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction.", "An agaric /ˈaeɡərɪk/ ˈæɡərɪk /or/ əˈɡaerɪk əˈɡærɪk is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of (a) pileus cap that is clearly differentiated from (the), stipe stalk (with) lamellae gills on the underside of. The pileus agaric can also refer to a basidiomycete species characterized by-an agaric type. fruiting body Agaric can also refer to a basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body. Archaically agaric meant 'tree-fungus' (after Latin agaricum); however, that changed with the Linnaean interpretation in 1753 when Linnaeus used the generic name Agaricus for gilled mushrooms.", "The common name Fly Agaric is a reference to the tradition of using this mushroom as an insecticide. In some European countries caps of Amanita muscaria are crumbled up and placed in saucers of milk to attract house flies. In common with most Amanita species, and with all common amanitas that occur in Britain, Amanita muscaria is ectomycorrhizal. The Fly Agaric forms mycorrhizal associations with a range of hardwood and softwood trees, notably birches, pines and spruces.", "This section is about the use of the Fly-Agaric mushroom, for medicinal and spiritual use, by the Celtic and Pre-Celtic people of Ireland. This is probably the most well known fungi because of it's association with the fairy folk, was a very important fungi to the Druids of the Celtic tribes. ", "The Fly Agaric, Amanita muscaria, is a hallucinogen and must be considered poisonous. These attractive fungi often appear in groups and are a common sight in all kinds of woodlands. In common with most Amanita species, and with all common amanitas that occur in Britain, Amanita muscaria is ectomycorrhizal. The Fly Agaric forms mycorrhizal associations with a range of hardwood and softwood trees, notably birches, pines and spruces.", "An agaric /ˈaeɡərɪk/ ˈæɡərɪk /or/ əˈɡaerɪk əˈɡærɪk is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of (a) pileus cap that is clearly differentiated from (the), stipe stalk (with) lamellae gills on the underside of. the pileus Agaric can also refer to a basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body. Archaically agaric meant 'tree-fungus' (after Latin agaricum); however, that changed with the Linnaean interpretation in 1753 when Linnaeus used the generic name Agaricus for gilled mushrooms.", "Amanita muscaria (fly agaric). One of the most iconic and distinctive of British fungi, fly agaric, with its red cap and white spots, is renowned for its toxicity and hallucinogenic properties. Toxicity of fly agaric. Fly agaric is psychoactive and hallucinogenic, containing the alkaloids muscimol, ibotenic acid and muscazone, which react with neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system. These cause psychotropic poisoning which may be severe in some cases although deaths are very rare." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanita_muscaria", "http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/amanita-muscaria-fly-agaric", "http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/Fly_agaric", "http://www.livescience.com/49118-magic-mushrooms-royal-gardens.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaric", "http://www.first-nature.com/fungi/amanita-muscaria.php", "http://www.shee-eire.com/Herbs,Trees&Fungi/Fungus/Fly-agaric/main.htm", "http://www.first-nature.com/fungi/amanita-muscaria.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaric", "http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/amanita-muscaria-fly-agaric" ] }

[]

[ "Place the cracked eggs into a separate egg carton and refrigerate. Use the eggs within one day in a dish in which the eggs will be fully cooked. Break the egg into a shallow container. Secure a tight-fitting lid on the egg and store in the refrigerator for up to 2 days.Use in a recipe in which the eggs will become fully cooked.Crack the egg and separate the yolk from the white." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Because of the possibility of contamination through a crack in the shell, toss any eggs that are dirty. Wash them really well, peel off the shell, and put the frozen eggs in a zip bag. Place the bag in a container of hot (not boiling, just hot tap) water, and let them sit for about five minutes. ", "I placed my eggs in the incubator on the 12th and went to candlelight my 14 eggs. I picked up an egg that looked to have no cracks. When I candlelighted it, it had cracks in it. I took it out, finished cracking it open and we had a fertile egg with a fetus. YES, I hand turn my eggs and one time I had accidently dropped it. It cracked the smaller end of the egg, very large crack too.. I was devisated. So I got some tape and taped it up. It had also bled, well then I read some forums about what to do with a cracked egg.", "1) Hens and Cracked Eggs. If you find large numbers of cracks in eggs that are carefully gathered by hand from the nests or cages, your hens are a possible source of the problem. For a 60 week old flock, it is normal to find cracks in 4% of the eggs at examined at the nest or cage. Even if shell quality is good, you may still find large numbers of cracked eggs at the cage or nest. Nests require 5 cm or more of bedding material to provide a soft landing area for the eggs. Cage floors must be designed and installed to prevent too steep of a slope.", "Instructions. Place the cracked eggs into a separate egg carton and refrigerate. Use the eggs within one day in a dish in which the eggs will be fully cooked. Break the egg into a shallow container. Secure a tight-fitting lid on the egg and store in the refrigerator for up to 2 days. Use in a recipe in which the eggs will become fully cooked. Crack the egg and separate the yolk from the white.", "When you are faced by a cracked egg problem you need to investigate both the quality of the eggs produced by the hens and your method of handling the eggs after they have been laid. One tool that helps to investigate these problems is an egg candler. Even if shell quality is good, you may still find large numbers of cracked eggs at the cage or nest. Nests require 5 cm or more of bedding material to provide a soft landing area for the eggs. Cage floors must be designed and installed to prevent too steep of a slope.", "The shell is the egg's first defense against contamination. Do not buy or eat eggs with cracked shells. If you crack the shell, either prepare the egg or break it into a clean container and refrigerate it. Use within 2 days. ", "If you notice a crack and don't know how it got there, toss the egg. If YOU accidentally crack the egg but don't want to use it right away, you can store it in a clean, sealed container for a couple of days, and then use it in a baked recipe. Wash that container very thoroughly afterwards; raw eggs are where the danger comes in. Source(s): University of Maine-Cooperative Extension. ", "Place the eggs in a bowl of water. Fresh eggs will lay “flat” at the bottom of the bowl. An egg that is about a week old will have the big end of the egg start to lift up off of the bottom. An egg that is 2 to 3 weeks old will stand up, and an old egg will float. As eggs age, the air cell in the egg expands which will cause them to float. This isn’t totally scientific, but it is simple test you can do. Obviously, if your eggs smell rotten, please throw them away", "up vote 5 down vote. If you didn't originally plan on using the egg out of shell, there is no reason you need to do it now. The egg if put in a sealed container can last 2-4 days out of shell according to stilltasty.com. You could break open the egg into a ramekin or coffee mug and place it in the microwave for 2 minutes. Enjoy it then or the next day. A little tip if you want it to come out in one piece, spray a little pan release inside the mug or ramekin.", "If you’re not sure how fresh your eggs are, or if they’ve been in your fridge for a few weeks and you’re wary about using them, try this quick experiment 1 : Dissolve 2 Tbsp salt in 2 c. cold water. 2 Place the egg in the water gently. 3 If it sinks and stays down, it’s fresh. In the meantime, if you get a pastured egg and it has a “bloom” on it, don’t wash it off UNTIL you’re ready to use it (and then rinse it well and wipe with a towel). Keeping the bloom on will help your eggs stay fresh in the fridge for two or so weeks." ], "url": [ "http://smallfarm.about.com/od/chickens/a/What-To-Do-With-Frozen-Chicken-Eggs.htm", "http://www.backyardchickens.com/t/653093/cracked-eggs-in-incubator", "http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/livestock/production/poultry/cracked-eggs-and-your-small-flock-of-laying-hens.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_7366117_store-cracked-eggs-refrigerators.html", "http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/livestock/production/poultry/cracked-eggs-and-your-small-flock-of-laying-hens.html", "http://www.bfhd.wa.gov/edu/eggucation.php", "http://shelflifeadvice.com/content/if-i-find-cracked-egg-my-carton-do-i-have-throw-it-out", "http://ohlardy.com/a-practical-guide-to-keeping-chickens-eggs/", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/33059/what-do-i-do-with-one-cracked-egg", "http://crunchybetty.com/12-things-you-should-know-about-and-do-with-your-eggs" ] }

[]

[ "Around six months of age" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Even if you had a straightforward birth, you will experience some bleeding as your body sheds the lining of your womb after birth (lochia). It's normal to bleed for anything up to six weeks after birth. However, your baby can go swimming at any time from birth, although most baby swimming classes start at six weeks.", "It's normal to bleed for anything up to six weeks after birth. However, your baby can go swimming at any time from birth, although most baby swimming classes start at six weeks. If you are keen for your baby to be introduced to swimming before he is six weeks old, your partner or someone else can take him. Some private baby swimming classes start as early as four weeks. There's no need to wait until your baby is immunised (NHS Choices 2012) before taking him to a pool. ", "He may also be put off by all the noise and activity. Most babies up to six months of age can actually swim, with your help, of course! If you start early you can take advantage of your baby's natural ability to do basic strokes. Also, your baby's inbuilt gag reflex is generally at its strongest before six months. It's normal to bleed for anything up to six weeks after birth. However, your baby can go swimming at any time from birth, although most baby swimming classes start at six weeks.", "If you are keen for your baby to be introduced to swimming before he is six weeks old your partner, or someone else, can take him. Some private baby swim classes start as early as four weeks but most classes at public pools begin at around 4 months. Check with your local swim centre. There is no need to wait until your baby is immunised as the chlorine in the pool will kill off any germs. Baby swim classes tend to use small, warm pools which are ideal for tiny tots. If you plan to use a regular public swimming pool wait until your baby is six months old. Before that, the water will be too cold for him. He may also be put off by all the noise and activity. Most babies up to six months of age can actually swim, with your help, of course! If you start early you can take advantage of your baby's natural ability to do primitive stroke", "Around six months of age, consider enrolling your baby into swimming lessons. There are qualified instructors and infant swim classes in many cities. Usually by nine months, babies can be taught to swim between two adults for about five seconds. My baby is one-month-old and I want to start him in the pool as early as I can. A. Swimming is one of the healthiest forms of exercise. It tones muscles, relaxes the mind and is friendly to exercising joints. Most babies have a natural love of water. After all, your baby enjoyed his own swimming pool for nine months.", "The idea is to give your baby confidence in the water from a very early age, paving the way for more structured swimming lessons as they grow up. These very early swimming courses can take babies as young as six weeks old and are led by specialist teachers. Learning to swim is a real life skill so take advantage of your baby's instinctive affinity with the water and their lack of fear. Many swimming pools have shallow baby and toddler sections where you can be sure your child won't be frightened by splashing and noise from more raucous older children.", "1 Another way to explore the water together is to take a swim class. 2 A good time to start: when your baby's 6 months old, says Connie Harvey, aquatics expert at the American Red Cross. 3 You'll learn how to handle him in the water and build a foundation for swimming. 4 Classes should have no more than 10 to 15 pairs. 1 A good time to start: when your baby's 6 months old, says Connie Harvey, aquatics expert at the American Red Cross. 2 You'll learn how to handle him in the water and build a foundation for swimming. 3", "It's normal to bleed for anything up to six weeks after birth. However, your baby can go swimming at any time from birth, although most baby swimming classes start at six weeks. If you are keen for your baby to be introduced to swimming before he is six weeks old, your partner or someone else can take him. 1 If your baby is under a year old, limit your time in the water to 30 minutes maximum. 2 If your baby has a bad cold, a temperature or seems unwell, don't go swimming. 3 Also, your baby shouldn't swim with a tummy bug and shouldn't go swimming until he has been clear for at least 48 hours." ], "url": [ "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/x542046/how-soon-can-i-take-my-new-baby-swimming", "http://www.babycenter.com.au/a539332/swimming-with-your-baby", "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/x542046/how-soon-can-i-take-my-new-baby-swimming", "http://www.babycenter.com.au/x542046/how-soon-can-i-take-my-baby-swimming", "http://www.parenting.com/article/ask-dr-sears-too-young-for-the-pool", "http://www.netmums.com/activities/active-family-fun/swimming-for-babies", "http://www.parenting.com/article/baby-swimming-lessons", "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/a539332/swimming-with-your-baby" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "NOTE: Speed eating can be hazardous to one’s health. Please use caution. 10:49 Fastest Time To Eat 19 Chicken Nuggets And 3/4 Medium Fries Alyjha Williams Alyjha Williams ate 19 chicken McNuggets and 3/4 of a medium order of french fries in five minutes, 19.97 seconds. NOTE: Speed eating can be dangerous to one’s health, and should only be attempted by professionals. We will not accept speed eating submissions from minors. 02:45 Most Chicken McNuggets Eaten In 10 Minutes Using Vuvuzela Hands The Record Collection Sam Stilson of The Record Collection ate four Chicken McNuggets in 10 minutes using vuvuzelas as hands.", "1 Add tomatoes, beer, coffee, tomato paste and beef broth. 2 Add spices Stir in 2 cans of kidney beans and peppers. 3 Reduce heat and simmer for 1 1/2 hours. 4 Add 2 remaining cans of kidney beans and simmer for another 30 minutes. ", "MLE. Major League Eating is the undisputed authority on competitive eating worldwide. All official eating contests are sanctioned by MLE and MLE maintains all official eating records. Following are recent records: ", "Please do not attempt this record unless you are above the age of 18 and trained as a professional speed eater. We will not accept submissions in this category from minors. 03:15 Fastest Time To Eat 40 Chicken McNuggets Jonathan Clarke Jonathan C. ate 40 Chicken McNuggets in two minutes, 16.80 seconds. WARNING: Speed eating can be extremely dangerous. Please do not attempt this record unless you are above the age of 18 and trained as a professional. We will not accept submissions in this category from minors. 00:17 Fastest Time To Eat A Slice Of Cheese Elias Sozkesen Elias Sozkesen ate a slice of cheese in 1.50 seconds. NOTE: Speed eating can be dangerous. Please do not attempt this record unless you are above the age of 18 and trained as a professional. We will not accept submissions in this category from minors. 04:33 Fastest Time To Eat A 72-Ounce Steak Molly Schuyler Molly S. ate a 72-ounce steak in two minutes, 44.05 seconds.", "Meanwhile, in a big, deep pot, brown beef in oil over medium high heat. Add onions, peppers, and garlic. Season meat mixture with chili powder, cumin, cayenne, and salt. Cook together 5 minutes, stir in beer or broth, and reduce liquid by half, 2 minutes. Stir in tomatoes and simmer for 10 minutes. Drain pasta. ", "On July 4, 2007, Chestnut won the 92nd Annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest, beating six-time defending champion Takeru Tsunami Kobayashi by consuming 66 hot dogs and buns (HDB) in 12 minutes, which set a new world record. The following year, he successfully defended his title by winning a 5 hot dog eat-off after tying Kobayashi in consuming 59 HDB in 10 minutes. On July 4, 2009, Chestnut outlasted Kobayashi again, by consuming a new world record of 68 HDB and winning his third consecutive title.", "Mac And Cheese Fundraiser. A mac and cheese fundraiser is a simple and fun way to raise funds for any size group. There are literally dozens of fundraiser event variations you can include, but it can be just as easy as doing a pancake breakfast or you can make it as big as an outdoor chili cook-off. Here are several delicious and fun ways you can do a mac and cheese fundraiser: 1 Straight mac and cheese as the main course of a meal. 2 Mac and cheese pancake breakfast. 3 Macaroni and cheese eating contest. 4 Gourmet mac-n-cheese competition featuring local restaurant chefs. 5 Mac-n-cheese competition amateur cook-off.", "Takeru Kobayashi, a skinny guy from Japan, is one of the most loved hotdog-eating champions out there. He rose in the ranks of speed eaters at the Nathan’s Famous Hot Dog Eating Contest on Coney Island, New York, where he wolfed down 50 hotdogs in 12 minutes. Currently, he is the Guinness World Record holder for Most Hot Dogs Eaten in Three Minutes. She has been a hotdog eating champion, as well as a recorder breaker for chicken nuggets, clams, Vienna sausages (8.31 pounds in 10 minutes), chili cheese fries and whole turkey (5.25 pounds in 10 minutes). It seems she can eat pretty much any man or woman on the planet under the table, no matter what’s being served.", "Please do not attempt this record unless you are above the age of 18 and trained as a professional eater. We will not accept submissions in this category from minors. 04:33 Fastest Time To Eat A 72-Ounce Steak Molly Schuyler Molly S. ate a 72-ounce steak in two minutes, 44.05 seconds. Please do not attempt this record unless you are above the age of 18 and trained as a professional", "8 Records Found. 03:15 Fastest Time To Eat 40 Chicken McNuggets Jonathan Clarke Jonathan C. ate 40 Chicken McNuggets in two minutes, 16.80 seconds. WARNING: Speed eating can be extremely dangerous. Please do not attempt this record unless you are above the age of 18 and trained as a professional. We will not accept speed eating submissions from minors. 02:45 Most Chicken McNuggets Eaten In 10 Minutes Using Vuvuzela Hands The Record Collection Sam Stilson of The Record Collection ate four Chicken McNuggets in 10 minutes using vuvuzelas as hands." ], "url": [ "https://recordsetter.com/mcdonald's-world-records", "http://www.food.com/recipe/the-best-chili-you-will-ever-taste-73166", "http://www.majorleagueeating.com/records.php", "https://recordsetter.com/eating-world-records", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/rachael-ray/chili-mac-recipe.html#!", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joey_Chestnut", "http://www.fundraiserhelp.com/mac-cheese-fundraiser.htm", "http://thefw.com/world-champion-eaters/", "https://recordsetter.com/eating-world-records", "https://recordsetter.com/mcdonald's-world-records" ] }

[]

[ "$10,615" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The national average cost for a catholic schools student including books uniforms and excursion fees is somewhere around 2000$ to 2500$. Average students attending a public junior high school vary from state to state. The averages range from Montana having 136 and District of Columbia having 1,030.", "Notes. On average, it costs $10,615 to send a kid to public school for a year. (That's federal, state and local government spending combined.). As the map above shows, that one number masks a huge variation. Utah spends just over $6,000 per student; New York and the District of Columbia over $18,000. ", "For the 2011-2012 school year, total school revenues were $594.5 billion. This represents nearly a $1 billion increase in revenue compared to 2010, when total school revenues were $593.7 billion. In other words, U.S. schools spent less money per pupil in 2012, even though they collected more revenue than in 2010. The bulk of the revenue increase came from state and local sources", "It is common for school systems to under report their costs. To get real cost, add up all sources of funding (not just local funding) and divide by the number of students. Do that and the DC schools spend $28,000 per head per year, LA spends $25,000 per head per year. Although the amount spent per student has steadily crept up in recent decades, it can vary widely based on cost of living and operating. Of the 50 largest school systems, New York City School District spent the most per student in 2010 at $19,597.", "By Jamie Gumbrecht, CNN. (CNN) - Public school systems spent an average of $10,615 per student in the 2010 fiscal year, an increase of 1.1% from the previous year, according to Public Education Finances: 2010, a U.S. Census Bureau report released today. Washington, D.C., schools topped per-pupil spending at $18,667; Utah was lowest, at $6,064. Although the amount spent per student has steadily crept up in recent decades, it can vary widely based on cost of living and operating. Of the 50 largest school systems, New York City School District spent the most per student in 2010 at $19,597.", "Costs per student by state. Public education by state rankings show that New York spent the most per pupil at $19,552. The next top five are District of Columbia ($17,468), Alaska ($17,390), New Jersey ($17,266), Connecticut ($16,274) and Vermont ($16,040). This represents nearly a $1 billion increase in revenue compared to 2010, when total school revenues were $593.7 billion. In other words, U.S. schools spent less money per pupil in 2012, even though they collected more revenue than in 2010.", "The Real Cost Of Public Schools. We're often told that public schools are underfunded. In the District, the spending figure cited most commonly is $8,322 per child, but total spending is close to $25,000 per child -- on par with tuition at Sidwell Friends, the private school Chelsea Clinton attended in the 1990s. For comparison, total per pupil spending at D.C. area private schools -- among the most upscale in the nation -- averages about $10,000 less. For most private schools, the difference is even greater.", "It reveals that, on average, per-pupil spending in these areas is 44 percent higher than officially reported. Real spending per pupil ranges from a low of nearly $12,000 in the Phoenix area schools to a high of nearly $27,000 in the New York metro area. The gap between real and reported per-pupil spending ranges from a low of 23 percent in the Chicago area to a high of 90 percent in the Los Angeles metro region. To put public school spending in perspective, we compare it to estimated total expenditures in local private schools. The Real Cost of Public Schools. Although public schools are usually the biggest item in state and local budgets, spending figures provided by public school officials and reported in the media often leave out major costs of education and thus understate what is actually spent.", "And the D.C. Council contributes an extra $81 million. Divide all that by the 49,422 students enrolled (for the 2007-08 year) and you end up with about $24,600 per child. For comparison, total per pupil spending at D.C. area private schools -- among the most upscale in the nation -- averages about $10,000 less. For most private schools, the difference is even greater.", "US Public Schools: Cost per Pupilfrom 1920 School Year Total Expenditure Compared to 1950 Current Expenditure Compared to 1950 Decade Change 1919-20. $543 -69.5% $453 -68.5% 1929-30. $1,025 -42.3% $819 -43.0% 81.0% 1931-32. $1,087 -38.9% $910 -36.7% 1933-34. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/National_average_cost_per_student_in_public_school", "http://www.npr.org/sections/money/2012/06/21/155515613/how-much-does-the-government-spend-to-send-a-kid-to-school", "http://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/classroom-resources/public-education-costs-per-pupil-by-state-rankings/", "http://schoolsofthought.blogs.cnn.com/2012/06/21/which-places-spent-most-per-student-on-education/", "http://schoolsofthought.blogs.cnn.com/2012/06/21/which-places-spent-most-per-student-on-education/", "http://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/classroom-resources/public-education-costs-per-pupil-by-state-rankings/", "http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/04/AR2008040402921.html", "http://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/they-spend-what-real-cost-public-schools", "http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/04/AR2008040402921.html", "http://www.publicpurpose.com/gf-edada.htm" ] }

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[ "Manufactures and sells marking, tracking and printing technologies such as thermal barcode label and receipt printers, RFID smart label printers/encoders, and card and kiosk printers." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Company Information. Our Company. A global leader respected for innovation and reliability, Zebra offers technologies that give a virtual voice to an organization's assets, people and transactions, enabling organizations to unlock greater business value. We’ve detected that you’re visiting Zebra.com using Internet Explorer 8. In order to provide enhanced security and a mobile-optimized experience, we will no longer be supporting this browser version. For the best experience, we advise using Google Chrome.", "Headquartered in Lincolnshire, Illinois, it has offices in 26 countries, channel partners in more than 100 countries and more than 2,500 employees worldwide. Zebra-brand printers are used by more than 90 percent of Fortune 500 companies. In 2013, the company had sales of $1.038 billion and had a market capitalization of $3.6 billion. Zebra was incorporated in 1969 as Data Specialties Incorporated, a manufacturer of high-speed electromechanical products. The company changed its focus to specialty on-demand labeling and ticketing systems in 1982 and became Zebra Technologies Corporation in 1986.", "There are three species of zebras: the plains zebra, the Grevy'grévy s zebra and the mountain. Zebra the plains zebra and the mountain zebra belong to the Subgenus, hippotigris But'grevy grévy s zebra is the sole species Of. subgenus dolichohippus Zebras (/ˈzɛbrə/ ZEB-rə or /ˈziːbrə/ ZEE-brə) are several species of African equids (horse family) united by their distinctive black and white striped coats. Their stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual.", "Zebra Technologies is a leader in the field of auto identification and tracking technology. Zebra's enterprise RFID equipment generates actionable ... Zebra Technologies Corporation is the world's leading provider of thermal transfer and direct thermal barcode label printers, secure card printing systems, plastic ... All Label and ID Card Printer and other Products from Zebra-Barcode Giant. Search Results. Zebra makes businesses as smart and connected as the world we live in. From the status of key assets to the action... Zebra QuikCard Professional Photo ID Kit. Coupled with a card printer and media of choice, this all-inclusive starter kit is designed to save time and money. Zebra Technologies.", "The Legacy Zebra segment includes barcode and card printing, location and motion sensing and supplies products. Zebra Technologies was founded by Edward L. Kaplan and Gerhard Cless in 1969 and is headquartered in Lincolnshire, IL. ", "Zebra Technologies is the leader in innovation and barcode printing accross the world. Millions of companies around the world rely on Zebra's barcode label printing products to help improve data management and accessibility, strengthen access control systems, and increase productivity.", "What: Shares of Zebra Technologies Corp. (NASDAQ:ZBRA) jumped 14% Wednesday after the company reported better-than-expected first-quarter results. So what: Quarterly revenue rose 209.8% year over year to $893.2 million. ", "Overview. Zebra Technologies is a global leader in enterprise asset intelligence, designing and marketing specialty printers, mobile computing, data capture, radio frequency identification products and real-time locating systems.", "Zebra Technologies manufactures and sells marking, tracking and printing technologies such as thermal barcode label and receipt printers, RFID smart label printers/encoders, and card and kiosk printers. Zebra was incorporated in 1969 as Data Specialties Incorporated, a manufacturer of high-speed electromechanical products. The company changed its focus to specialty on-demand labeling and ticketing systems in 1982 and became Zebra Technologies Corporation in 1986.", "Zebra Technologies Corporation (NASDAQ:ZBRA) builds actionable information and insight, giving companies unprecedented visibility into their businesses by giving physical things a digital voice. " ], "url": [ "https://www.zebra.com/us/en/about-zebra/company-information.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra_Technologies", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra", "http://www.supplychain247.com/company/zebra_technologies", "http://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/ZBRA/profile", "https://www.a1barcode.com/zebra/", "http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2015/05/13/why-zebra-technologies-corp-stock-popped-today.aspx", "http://investors.zebra.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra_Technologies", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/zebra-technologies" ] }

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[ "A three-way catalytic converter reduces exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons (unburned gas) and nitrogen oxides (the smog-producing pollutant)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Thanks. Apart from 3-way catalytic converter, there is another type of catalytic converter called 2-way catalytic converter. It is typically used in diesel engine vehicles to control carbon-monoxide and hydrocarbon emission. Thanks very much for the information. A three-way catalytic converter makes use of two catalysts to convert harmful gases to harmless gases. They are: 1 Reduction Catalyst and. 2 Oxidation Catalyst.", "In the catalytic converter, there are two different types of catalyst at work, a reduction catalyst and an oxidation catalyst. Both types consist of a ceramic structure coated with a metal catalyst, usually platinum, rhodium and/or palladium. ", "In the modern three-way catalytic converter, uncombusted fuel residues are oxidized with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, nitrogen oxides are converted to ubiquitous nitrogen, and toxic carbon monoxide is oxidized with oxygen to carbon dioxide. The development of the first three-way catalytic converter in 1979/80 marks a milestone in exhaust gas technology. This device was able to catalyze the conversion of the three main pollutants (unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides) simultaneously.", "Ahmed N. , Iraq. A three-way catalytic converter reduces exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons (unburned gas) and nitrogen oxides (the smog-producing pollutant). When catalytic converters arrived in 1975, they reduced emissions of only carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. In a three-way converter, exhaust gases pass through a honeycomb of rare metals — platinum, palladium and rhodium — and the resulting chemical reaction converts harmful emissions into harmless carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen. Learn more. 1 New Nissan Catalytic Converter Could Save Money (KickingTires).", "A 3-way catalytic converter is a sophisticated device used in the exhaust system of many modern petrol engine vehicles. It converts harmful gases in the engine exhaust to relatively harmless gases. A three-way catalytic converter makes use of two catalysts to convert harmful gases to harmless gases. They are: 1 Reduction Catalyst and. 2 Oxidation Catalyst.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. There are three basic types of automotive catalytic converters; Two-Way, Three-Way and Three-Way + Air. Each type uses a slightly different method and chemistry to reduce the harmful elements in exhaust emissions. ", "There are three types of catalytic converters: two-way converters, three-way plus air catalytic converters, and three-way converters. For the most part, each of these different converters came about because of emission regulations. Here is a summary of the catalytic converter evolution. ", "A catalytic converter is an emissions control device that converts toxic pollutants in exhaust gas to less toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction (oxidation or reduction). These three reactions occur most efficiently when the catalytic converter receives exhaust from an engine running slightly above the stoichiometric point. For gasoline combustion, this is between 14.6 and 14.8 parts air to one part fuel, by weight." ], "url": [ "http://mechteacher.com/3-way-catalytic-converter/", "http://auto.howstuffworks.com/catalytic-converter2.htm", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1e9EvrThk1Y", "http://ask.cars.com/2010/02/-what-does-threeway-catalytic-converter-mean.html", "http://mechteacher.com/3-way-catalytic-converter/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_two_way_catalytic_converter", "http://www.walkerexhaust.com/support/understanding-catalytic-converter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_converter" ] }

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[ "Yes", "Yes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "And as far as taking this product to lose weight, you have to size it up against other diet products on the market and see how it compares. The Claim. Plexus Slim claims that their products offer a safe way for you to lose weight. They also state that they can help you regular your blood sugar levels, and also help to keep your blood pressure at a healthy level. Overview. In this economy, we’re all looking for ways to get ahead, and network marketing might sound appealing to you. They claim that it is a business model that thrives in a down economy. It’s true enough that people always want to lose weight, no matter what the economy is doing.", "Many health products are sold this way, and it’s either something that you will appreciate because it’s like having your own consultant when you buy the product, or it’s something you will shy away from because you just want to click the Order Now button but you can’t. Overview. In this economy, we’re all looking for ways to get ahead, and network marketing might sound appealing to you. They claim that it is a business model that thrives in a down economy. It’s true enough that people always want to lose weight, no matter what the economy is doing.", "It is made by the internationally known company, Plexus Worldwide, who manufacture a number of health and wellness supplements that are all marketed and sold through their website and ambassador representatives The website itself is very professional in appearance and informative. Plexus Slim Overview. Plexus Slim is a product that, as the name suggests, helps the user lose weight, safely and effectively.", "Plexus Slim is just one of their range of weight loss products which can be used alone or as part of a full weight loss program. Plexus Slim Overview. Plexus Slim is a product that, as the name suggests, helps the user lose weight, safely and effectively.", "Period. Plexus Slim is research and manufactured by Plexus Worldwide Inc .which is situated in Scottsdale, Arizona. The official site contrasts from most destinations, in that it’s to a greater extent an “organization leaflet” or catalogue site displaying their products to both potential buyers and system advertisers. Plexus starts from the inside out and is not magic. It does not work over night so don’t get discouraged like I did in the past. I love Plexus and will probably take it for the rest of my life. Good luck to you all.", "Plexus works to bring down high blood pressure and sugar levels and it works better than you prescription medications at it but without all the side effects. But u wouldn’t take two diabetic medications because ur sugar would go too low thus the drug interaction you claim is not a drug interaction at all. Plexus Slim does such a good job of balancing blood sugar that people have actually reduced or eliminated their dependency on insulin! Coach Ronnie Cuevas (a coach at Gulfport High in LA) is one of them.", "Plexus Slim can be purchased at a cost of $84.95 per bag but consumers can also try a 7 day sample of the product for $24.95. Plexus Slim is also available as part of a weight loss combo pack and all orders have a full 60-day money back guarantee. Plexus Slim Overview. Plexus Slim is a product that, as the name suggests, helps the user lose weight, safely and effectively.", "Plexus Slim is a powdered dietary supplement that is mixed with water to help you burn calories and fat while on the go. It contains no caffeine or stimulants and is meant to be used in conjunction with a regular diet plan. Plexus Slim also claims to help you obtain healthy blood sugar, cholesterol and lipid levels and is considered safe for those with diabetes.", "Losing weight can be a daunting task with all the tempting food you can find everywhere. Many turn to the use of slimming products to achieve their ideal weight. Plexus Slim is one of these products that claims to help a person lose weight the natural way. " ], "url": [ "http://doesitreallywork.org/plexus-slim-review/", "http://doesitreallywork.org/plexus-slim-review/", "https://www.consumerhealthdigest.com/weight-loss-reviews/plexus-slim.html", "https://www.consumerhealthdigest.com/weight-loss-reviews/plexus-slim.html", "http://www.plexuspoint.com/plexus-slim-review/", "http://supplement-geek.com/plexus-slim-review-ingredients-side-effects/", "https://www.consumerhealthdigest.com/weight-loss-reviews/plexus-slim.html", "http://www.dietsinreview.com/diets/plexus-slim/", "http://www.does-the-product-work.com/plexus-slim/" ] }

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[ "A process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, light, and σύνθεσις, synthesis, putting together.", "Photosynthesis is a chemical process through which plants, some bacteria and algae, produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water, using only light as a source of energy. This process is extremely important for life on earth as it provides the oxygen that all other life depend on. ", "Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria, and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce sugar, which cellular respiration converts into ATP, the fuel used by all living things. This sugar, glucose, is their food, and the process gives off oxygen. Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy by living organisms. The raw materials are carbon dioxide and water. The energy source is sunlight, and the end-products include glucose and oxygen.", "Photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae and certain bacteria to harness energy from sunlight into chemical energy. There are two types of photosynthetic processes: oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis. Oxygenic photosynthesis is the most common and is seen in plants, algae and cyanobacteria. During oxygenic photosynthesis, light energy transfers electrons from water (H 2 O) to carbon dioxide (CO 2), which produces carbohydrates. In this transfer, the CO 2 is reduced, or receives electrons, and the water becomes oxidized, or loses electrons. Ultimately, oxygen is produced along with", "Photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process in which green plants use energy from the sun to transform water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and organic compounds. It is one example of how people and plants are dependent on each other in sustaining life. Science Plants. Photosynthesis is a process in which green plants use energy from the sun to transform water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and organic compounds.", "Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria, and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce sugar, which cellular respiration converts into ATP, the fuel used by all living things. ", "Photosynthesis (photo = light and synthesis = to make) is the process plants use to change carbon dioxide and water into sugar using sunlight. This sugar, glucose, is their food, and the process gives off oxygen. Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy by living organisms. The raw materials are carbon dioxide and water. The energy source is sunlight, and the end-products include glucose and oxygen. It is arguably the most important biochemical pathway, since nearly all life depends on i", "In photosynthesis, solar energy is converted to chemical energy. The chemical energy is stored in the form of glucose (sugar). Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight are used to produce glucose, oxygen, and water. Photosynthesis Summary. In summary, photosynthesis is a process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy and used to produce organic compounds. In plants, photosynthesis typically occurs within the chloroplasts located in plant leaves. Photosynthesis consists of two stages, the light reactions and the dark reactions" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis", "http://www.eschooltoday.com/photosynthesis/what-is-photosynthesis.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_photosynthesis", "http://www.livescience.com/51720-photosynthesis.html", "http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0775714.html", "http://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPS.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_photosynthesis", "http://biology.about.com/od/plantbiology/a/aa050605a.htm" ] }

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[ "$84,000 for a standard 12-week course of treatment." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When used with the hepatitis C drug ribavirin, a common combination, a 12-week course costs about $84,000 wholesale, or $1,000 a day, she says. A 3-month course of Olysio (simeprevir), also used with other medications, is about $66,000 wholesale, or about $733 a day, says Craig Stoltz, a Janssen spokesman.", "Also a big deal is the cost of Sovaldi (sofosbuvir), an oral drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration in December 2013 for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Sovaldi has been priced by its manufacturer, Gilead, at $1,000 per pill, or an estimated $84,000 for its entire 12-week regimen.", "Hepatitis C, which afflicts some 150 million people globally, often without symptoms for years, can cause fatigue and fever, cirrhosis or liver cancer. The pill, known as Sovaldi, or generically as sofosbuvir, costs $84,000 for a standard 12-week course of treatment.", "For the first time, hepatitis C can be cured without interferon and ribavirin, which can cause fatigue and depression. Finally, there’s a medication to cure hepatitis C that doesn’t require use of the dreaded drugs interferon or ribavirin.", "Harvoni is a combination medication that includes sofosbuvir (Sovaldi), another Gilead breakthrough treatment approved late last year, and ledipasvir, which is also made by Gilead. The new medication costs $95,000 for a 12-week course of treatment. On the surface it appears even more expensive than Sovaldi, which costs $84,000 for a 12-week supply. Both medications have been proven to cure hepatitis C in a majority of people with genotype 1 hepatitis C within that time frame.", "Sovaldi costs $1,000 a pill, or $84,000 for a typical 12-week course of treatment, but it must be used with other drugs. Harvoni is even more expensive at $1,125 a pill, or $94,500 for a 12-week course of treatment. But that is roughly in line with the total cost for Sovaldi and the drugs used with it.", "Approximately 1,000 patients are transplanted each year for liver disease due to hepatitis C. With the cost per liver transplantation in the range of $280,000 for one year, liver transplantation for hepatitis C alone reaches a cost of nearly $300 million per year.", "Here's the problem: The newer hepatitis C drugs are super-expensive. Harvoni rings in at $1,125 per pill, or $94,500 for a 12-week course of treatment, and other new medications are nearly as pricey. Insurers are scrambling to figure out how to pay for treatment without breaking the bank." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/hepatitis/news/20140414/high-cost-hepatitis-c-drugs", "http://healthaffairs.org/blog/2014/06/05/the-cost-of-a-cure-medicares-role-in-treating-hepatitis-c/", "http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/16/opinion/sunday/how-much-should-hepatitis-c-treatment-cost.html", "http://www.healthline.com/health-news/harvoni-takes-sting-out-of-hepatitis-c-treatment-102614", "http://www.healthline.com/health-news/harvoni-takes-sting-out-of-hepatitis-c-treatment-102614", "http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/11/business/harvoni-a-hepatitis-c-drug-from-gilead-wins-fda-approval.html", "http://www.epidemic.org/theFacts/theEpidemic/USHealthCareCosts/", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/news/pros-cons-new-hepatitis-treatments-patients/" ] }

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[ "$45 to $150 per hour." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The average cost per hour for a plumber ranges from $45 to $150 per hour depending on the job, timing and location. Services may include drain cleaning, faucet replacement or installation, and toilet repair. ", "with a 2 hour minimum usually 2 guys $200 an hour.A licensed plumber working for a company will be paid $35-75.00 per hour depending on experience. if you hire a plumber your looking at at least 250 dollars or more usually depening the work done..... Plumbers wages are between $15.00 to $30.00 hour. ", "1 In some areas plumbers charge $45 -$75 an hour; in other regions the hourly rate can be $75 -$150. 2 Most plumbers charge a two-hour minimum or a service call fee of $75 -$150, and some plumbers bill a flat fee per job instead of an hourly rate. 3 Either away, exact costs will depend on the complexity and type of work done. 1 Plumbers' rates vary significantly by location. 2 In some areas plumbers charge $45 -$75 an hour; in other regions the hourly rate can be $75 -$150. 3 Most plumbers charge a two-hour minimum or a service call fee of $75 -$150, and some plumbers bill a flat fee per job instead of an hourly rat", "About the same as an electrician (reference your other question). In Texas you can expect to pay anywhere from $80-120 per hour for a master plumber. It's often better to just have them bid the job than pay hourly. Realize that their insurance and licensing costs have to be accounted for along with any office costs. Also, it took them at least 7 years to get their Master license", "Summary: How much does a plumber cost, average cost per hour for a plumber. When faced with any building job that needs carrying out around the house, many people often weigh up the pros and cons of employing a professional to do the job or endeavouring to do it themselves. It is generally the case that a local and trusted plumber will be far more economical than one of the emergency plumbing companies listed in the 'Yellow Pages' for example. A local plumber will base any estimates on an hourly rate of £15 to £25 per hour.", "For basic plumbing services, such as leak repair or installing new traps, you'll pay $45 to $65 per hour in addition to parts, which the plumber will mark up from his wholesale price. For weekend or night calls, you'll pay as much as $100 just for the call and $75 an hour after that. Though the plumber might spend only an hour at your home, you pay for his time (driving to and from the job, picking up parts) and more. For a plumber specializing in drain-clearing services, expect to pay at least $70 per hour for drain lines and $125 per hour for sewer lines.", "Continue Reading. The cost of a plumber ranges from $160 to $430 for a typical job with the average cost per hour ranging from $45 to $150. This can include jobs like repairing faucets, toilets, sinks or bathtubs. Some plumbers may also charge a flat rate depending on the job. ", "1 Most plumbers charge a two-hour minimum or a service call fee of $75 -$150, and some plumbers bill a flat fee per job instead of an hourly rate. 2 Either away, exact costs will depend on the complexity and type of work done. 1 Plumbers' rates vary significantly by location. 2 In some areas plumbers charge $45 -$75 an hour; in other regions the hourly rate can be $75 -$150. 3 Most plumbers charge a two-hour minimum or a service call fee of $75 -$150, and some plumbers bill a flat fee per job instead of an hourly rat" ], "url": [ "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/plumbing/hire-a-plumber/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_hourly_wage_for_a_plumber", "http://home.costhelper.com/plumbers.html", "http://answers.angieslist.com/How-plumber-charges-hour-q45531.aspx", "http://www.lets-do-diy.com/Projects-and-advice/Plumbing/Average-cost-of-a-plumber.aspx", "http://www.thisoldhouse.com/toh/article/0,,219042,00.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/plumbing/", "http://home.costhelper.com/plumbers.html" ] }

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[ "artesian well" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The word watershed is sometimes used interchangeably with drainage basin or catchment. Ridges and hills that separate two watersheds are called the drainage divide. The watershed consists of surface water--lakes, streams, reservoirs, and wetlands--and all the underlying ground water. Larger watersheds contain many smaller watersheds", "Image shows the 50 states by area. Check the legend for more details. This is a complete list of the states of the United States and its major territories ordered by total area, land area, and water area. The water area figures include inland, coastal, Great Lakes, and territorial waters. Glaciers and intermittent water features are counted as land area. U.S. states by water percentage. Alaska is the largest state by total area, land area, and water area. The area of Alaska is 7001180000000000000♠ 18% of the area of the United States and 7001210000000000000♠ 21% of the area of the contiguous United States.", "A body of water or waterbody (often spelled water body) is any significant accumulation of water, generally on a planet's surface. The term most often refers to oceans, seas, and lakes, but it includes smaller pools of water such as ponds, wetlands, or more rarely, puddles. Bodies of water that are navigable are known as waterways. Some bodies of water collect and move water, such as rivers and streams, and others primarily hold water, such as lakes and oceans. The term body of water can also refer to a reservoir of water held by a plant, technically known as a phytotelma.", "These areas are called aquifers. The water that is found underground is called ground water. The aquifer systems under Florida provide the majority of the state s water. There are two major aquifers in Florida: the Floridan (the whole state), and the Biscayne (south Florida).", "These depressions can be shallow, but the more area they encompass, the more water will be held. These depressions, also called swales, should be designed to hold enough water to penetrate to the roots of trees and shrubs. One inch of water will penetrate the soil about one foot. . ", "1 Gulf-a part of a lake or ocean that extends so that it is surrounded by land on three sides, similar to, but larger than a bay. 2 Headland-an area of water bordered by land on three sides. 3 Harbor-an artificial or naturally occurring body of water where ships are stored or may shelter from the ocean's weather and currents. Bodies of water that are navigable are known as waterways. Some bodies of water collect and move water, such as rivers and streams, and others primarily hold water, such as lakes and oceans. The term body of water can also refer to a reservoir of water held by a plant, technically known as a phytotelma.", "Ground water is always moving by the force of gravity from recharge areas to discharge areas. Ground-water movement in most areas is slow-a few feet per year. But, in more permeable zones, such as solution channels in limestone, movement can be as much as several feet per day. ", "Watersheds are important because the streamflow and the water quality of a river are affected by things, human-induced or not, happening in the land area above the river-outflow point. Ridges and hills that separate two watersheds are called the drainage divide. The watershed consists of surface water--lakes, streams, reservoirs, and wetlands--and all the underlying ground water.", "The top of the water in the soil, sand, or rocks is called the water table and the water that fills the empty spaces and cracks is called ground water. Water seeping down from the land surface adds to the ground water and is called recharge water. Ground water is recharged from rain water and snowmelt or from water that leaks through the bottom of some lakes and rivers. Water leaving an aquifer is called discharge water. Water that is pumped from a well is discharge water. Ground water might also discharge naturally as springs or into swamps, lakes, or rivers. Some wells, called artesian wells, do not need a pump.", "A watershed is the area of land where all of the water that falls in it and drains off of it goes to a common outlet. Watersheds can be as small as a footprint or large enough to encompass all the land that drains water into rivers that drain into Chesapeake Bay, where it enters the Atlantic Ocean. Ridges and hills that separate two watersheds are called the drainage divide. The watershed consists of surface water--lakes, streams, reservoirs, and wetlands--and all the underlying ground water." ], "url": [ "http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watershed.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_area", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_of_water", "http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/lessons/water/water.htm", "http://cals.arizona.edu/cochise/waterwise/waterharvest.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_of_water", "http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/gw_ruralhomeowner/gw_ruralhomeowner_new.html", "http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watershed.html", "http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/ofr93-643/", "http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watershed.html" ] }

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[ "A lumbar puncture (also called a spinal tap) is a procedure to collect and look at the fluid (cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF) surrounding the brain and spinal cord." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A lumbar puncture is a medical procedure that is usually performed in order to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid. The procedure is sometimes referred to as a spinal tap. Cerebrospinal fluid is the fluid that surrounds the spinal cord and brain. ", "Lumbar puncture (spinal tap). Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) is performed in your lower back, in the lumbar region. During lumbar puncture, a needle is inserted between two lumbar bones (vertebrae) to remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid — the fluid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord to protect them from injury. A lumbar puncture can help diagnose serious infections, such as meningitis; other disorders of the central nervous system, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome and multiple sclerosis; or cancers of the brain or spinal cord.", "In addition, a lumbar puncture may be used to measure the pressure of the CSF, which flows freely between the spinal column and the brain. The doctor measures the pressure during a lumbar puncture using a special tube (called a manometer) that is attached to the lumbar puncture needle. A lumbar puncture (LP), also known as a spinal tap, is a diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedure performed by a doctor. The procedure is performed by inserting a hollow needle into the subarachnoid space in the lumbar area (lower back) of the spinal column", "Lumbar Puncture. Guide. A lumbar puncture (also called a spinal tap) is a procedure to collect and look at the fluid (cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. During a lumbar puncture, a needle is carefully inserted into the spinal canal low in the back (lumbar area). Samples of CSF are collected.", "A lumbar puncture (or LP, and colloquially known as a spinal tap) is a diagnostic and at times therapeutic medical procedure. Diagnostically it is used to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to confirm or exclude conditions such as meningitis and subarachnoid hemorrhage and it may be used in diagnosis of other conditions. ", "A. Your brain and spinal cord are bathed in fluid. A spinal tap, also called a lumbar puncture, is a procedure doctors use to remove and test some of this liquid, called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It helps them diagnose disorders of the brain and spinal cord, including multiple sclerosis", "A lumbar puncture (LP) is the insertion of a needle into the fluid within the spinal canal. It is termed a lumbar puncture because the needle goes into the lumbar portion (the small) of the back. Other names for a lumbar puncture (an LP) include spinal tap, spinal puncture, thecal puncture, and rachiocentesis. ", "Introduction. A lumbar puncture is a medical procedure where a needle is inserted into the lower part of the spine to test for conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord or other parts of the nervous system.", "A lumbar puncture (LP), also called a spinal tap, is an invasive outpatient procedure used to remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space in the spine. (This test is similar to a blood test, in which a needle is inserted into an artery to collect blood for testing.). " ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/health/lumbar-puncture", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/lumbar-puncture/basics/definition/PRC-20012679", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test_procedures/neurological/lumbar_puncture_lp_92,P07666/", "http://www.webmd.com/brain/lumbar-puncture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_puncture", "http://www.webmd.com/multiple-sclerosis/guide/multiple-sclerosis-spinal-tap", "http://www.medicinenet.com/lumbar_puncture/article.htm", "http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lumbar-puncture/Pages/Introduction.aspx", "http://www.mayfieldclinic.com/PE-LP.HTM" ] }

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[ "A no-calorie sweetener approximately 200 times sweeter than table sugar." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Acesulfame potassium (Acesulfame K, Ace-K, or Ace K) is about 200 times sweeter than table sugar and adds sweetness to food items without adding calories. It was discovered (accidentally) in 1967 by German chemist Karl Clauss.", "Acesulfame potassium is an artificial sweetener used in place of sugar in foods, beverages, candy and chewing gum. It is approved by the FDA and is reported to be safe. Acesulfame potassium is widely used in diet products to provide sweetness without calories.", "Also known as acesulfame K or Ace-K, the ingredient is a calorie-free sweetener found in sugar-free products. Though it’s considered safe by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.", "Acesulfame potassium, also known as acesulfame K, is a calorie-free sweetener up to 200 times sweeter than sugar and as sweet as aspartame. It is often blended with sucralose and used to decrease the bitter aftertaste of", "Acesulfame Potassium makes foods sweet and low-calorie! Acesulfame potassium is a calorie-free sweetener that has been used in foods and beverages around the world for 15 years. The ingredient, which is 200 times sweeter than sugar, has been used in numerous foods in the United States since 1988.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Acesulfame potassium (ace-SUHL-faym), also known as Acesulfame K (K is the symbol for potassium), or Ace K, is a calorie-free sugar substitute (artificial sweetener), and marketed under the trade names Sunett and Sweet One. In the European Union, it is known under the E number (additive code) E950.", "Acesulfame Potassium (Acesulfame K). Discovered in 1967, acesulfame potassium (also called acesulfame K or ace-K) is a no-calorie sweetener approximately 200 times sweeter than table sugar (sucrose). It has a clean, quickly perceptible sweet taste and excellent stability under high temperatures and good solubility." ], "url": [ "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/acesulfame-potassium-dangers.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/414517-what-is-acesulfame-potassium/", "http://www.healthline.com/health/is-acesulfame-potassium-bad-for-me", "http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Goodfood/Pages/the-truth-about-acesulfame-k.aspx", "http://www.nutritionexpress.com/article+index/vitamins+supplements+a-z/showarticle.aspx?id=120", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acesulfame_potassium", "http://www.beverageinstitute.org/article/acesulfame-potassium-acesulfame-k/" ] }

[]

[ "3-4 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "NEVER thaw chicken at room temperature. USDA recommends 1-2 days of refrigerated storage (40°F). Depending upon the packaging of the chicken, how it was handled in-transit, and the temperature in the refrigerator, the chicken could last longer.", "Cooked chicken could be good up to 4 days. Raw chicken is best used within 1 or 2 days. You should store the chicken in the coldest part of the refrigerator for best shelf life or put it in freezer if not used within that time frame. Thawed chicken should be cooked as soon as possible.", "Meats are kept better in the freezer. Meats can be kept in the refrigerator for 3 to 4 days if raw and 1 to 2 days longer if cooked. Always place cooked meats in an airt … ight container.", "Dear SS: According to Foodsafety.gov, uncooked poultry is safe in the refrigerator for 1-2 days, and safe in the freezer for 9 months (for pieces) and up to 12 months for whole chickens or turkey. Cooked poultry is safe refrigerated for 3-4 days. You can also freeze your cooked breaded chicken cutlets (tightly wrapped in foil or saran wrap and place in freezer bags) for 1-3 months. Just pull it out the night before you want to have it and thaw in the fridge." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_will_cooked_chicken_stay_fresh_in_the_refrigerator", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_chicken_stay_fresh_in_the_refrigerator", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_will_cooked_chicken_stay_fresh_in_the_refrigerator", "http://www.rachaelray.com/2012/02/how-long-can-you-keep-chicken-in-the-fridge" ] }

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[ "This is most important component of the salary because it is used as basis for calculation of retirement benefit and calculation of tax exemption for certain allowances, basic salary is fixed between 30% to 50% of total salary. It is done so that employee can get an appropriate tax exemption as well as retirement benefit.", "Basic salary is fixed between 30% to 50% of total salary. It is done so that employee can get an appropriate tax exemption as well as retirement benefit. 2. House Rent Allowance (HRA) – HRA is basically an allowance, which forms a part of one’s taxable salary.It is in the range of the 40% or 50% of basic salary. It is not mandatory for the employer to give HRA.But, if an employer chooses to offer the allowance as part of salary then employee may get some part of it as tax-free if the employee satisfies certain conditions." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "I want to know how to calculate basic on gross salary. My gross pay is Rs.17450/-. (its excluding LTA & Medical of Rs.1150/- per month). My basic as per my gross is Rs.6900/- , is this correct? also let me know basic is on gross salary excluding LTA and medical benefits. Hi, Basic salary should be not less than 40% of your gross, as per your salary structure it is correct. srividya.kothapalli. to calculate your basic, you need to know your annual gross amount 40 % of your gross is your basic. the rest comes under the allowances and benefits ,as per the company policy.", "Gratuity Calculation= [ (Basic Pay + D.A) x 15 days x No. of years of service ] / 26 Where, D.A = Dearness Allowance. End of Service Benefits Eligibility: 1. Any person employed on wages/salary. 2. ", "1 In India, salary is composed of various individual components. 2 The primary one is known as 'Basic' allowance. 3 This calculator only requires you to enter your 'Basic' allowance (Monthly amount) to start. 4 Once you enter the value, it automatically derives some of the other components like HRA (H ouse R ent A llowance). 1 HRA is an allowance, normally in the range of 40-60% of Basic. 2 You have to enter the basic pay amount and click (if using computer mouse) or tap (if using touch based mobile) anywhere outside the 'Basic' text box for it to start calculation.", "The Dearness Allowance (DA) is a cost of living adjustment allowance paid to Government employees, Public sector employees (PSU)and pensioners in Bangladesh and India. Dearness Allowance is calculated as a percentage of an Indian citizen's basic salary to mitigate the impact of inflation on people. Indian citizens may receive a basic salary or pension that is then supplemented by a housing or a dearness allowance, or both", "Dear seniors what is the formula for calculation of el s? basic / 26 x no.of el s if the ... How to calculate basic salary 4 Replies. My salary is 5000 per month. how to calculate my basic salary and all allowances.pls tell my financial formula to ... Hi friends iam having one query about calculation of elsactually the formula for calculation of els is basic salary/26 ... Salary calculation formula 12 Replies 2 Files. Hello everybady.... please send me complete formula for calculate salary. ex. i just want to give net 60000 salary p.m. ...", "Salary does not apply in India due to the below components. 1. Basic Salary (Base Salary) – This is most important component of the salary because it is used as basis for calculation of retirement benefit and calculation of tax exemption for certain allowances. Generally, basic salary is fixed between 30% to 50% of total salary. It is done so that employee can get an appropriate tax exemption as well as retirement benefit. 2. House Rent Allowance (HRA) – HRA is basically an allowance, which forms a part of one’s taxable salary. It is in the range of the 40% or 50% of basic salary. It is not mandatory for the employer to give HRA. But, if an employer chooses to offer the allowance as part of salary then employee may get some part of it as tax-free if the employee satisfies certain conditions. 3", "3. The Salary Calculator calculates your PF and EPF to be 12% of your Basic Pay and Gratuity as 4.81% of Basic Pay. If your PF is paid as a different percentage, you need to enter the actual mount paid to you in the PF field for accurate calculations. Various ways of increasing your Take Home salary." ], "url": [ "http://www.citehr.com/347383-calculation-basic-salary-gross-pay.html", "https://www.easycalculation.com/finance/gratuity-calculation-india.php", "http://apps.am22tech.com/take-home-salary-india/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dearness_allowance", "http://www.citehr.com/272507-basic-salary-calculation-formula.html", "http://celergo.com/india-salary-calculator-by-kira/", "http://calculatorstack.com/salary-calculator-india.php" ] }

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[ "It is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 75% of the atmosphere 's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere is called the tropopause, located at an altitude of around 5 miles in the winter, to around 8 miles high in the summer, and as high as 11 or 12 miles in the deep tropics. The troposphere is characterized by decreasing temperature with height (at an average rate of 3.5 degrees F per thousand feet, or 6.5 degrees C per kilometer).", "The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 75% of the atmosphere 's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. The average depth of the troposphere is approximately 17 km (11 mi) in the middle latitudes. The chemical composition of the troposphere is essentially uniform, with the notable exception of water vapor. The source of water vapour is at the surface through the processes of evaporation and transpiration.", "Report. The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. The troposphere is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere, and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.", "The orange layer is the troposphere, the white layer is the stratosphere and the blue layer is the mesosphere. (The shuttle is actually orbiting at an altitude of more than 320 km (200 mi), far above all three layers.). Earth atmosphere diagram showing the exosphere and other layers. The chemical composition of the troposphere is essentially uniform, with the notable exception of water vapor. The source of water vapour is at the surface through the processes of evaporation and transpiration.", "Credit: Randy Russell, UCAR. The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. Most of the mass (about 75-80%) of the atmosphere is in the troposphere. Most types of clouds are found in the troposphere, and almost all weather occurs within this layer.", "Definition of TROPOSPHERE. : the lowest densest part of the earth's atmosphere in which most weather changes occur and temperature generally decreases rapidly with altitude and which extends from the earth's surface to the bottom of the stratosphere. — tro·po·spher·ic \\ˌtrō-pə-ˈsfir-ik, ˌtrae-, -ˌträ-\\ ˈsfer. adjective", "The lowest part of the troposphere, where friction with the Earth's surface influences air flow, is the planetary boundary layer. This layer is typically a few hundred meters to 2 km (1.2 mi) deep depending on the landform and time of day. The chemical composition of the troposphere is essentially uniform, with the notable exception of water vapor. The source of water vapour is at the surface through the processes of evaporation and transpiration.", "The troposphere is where all of Earth's weather occurs. It contains approximately 80% of the total mass of the atmosphere. The troposphere is characterized by decreasing temperature with height (at an average rate of 3.5 degrees F per thousand feet, or 6.5 degrees C per kilometer). In contrast, the stratosphere has either constant or slowly increasing temperature with height", "The troposphere (from Greek: tropein-to change, circulate or mix) is the lowermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere. Most of the weather phenomena, systems, convection, turbulence and clouds occur in this layer, although some may extend into the lower portion of the stratosphere. " ], "url": [ "http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_is_the_troposphere.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troposphere", "http://web.physics.ucsb.edu/~lgrace/chem123/troposphere.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troposphere", "http://scied.ucar.edu/shortcontent/troposphere-overview", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/troposphere", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troposphere", "http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_is_the_troposphere.htm", "http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/wxfacts/Troposphere.htm" ] }

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[ "$57,580 (2012)", "$21.73 per hour", "$21.73 per hour" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The median annual wage for medical laboratory technologists was $57,580 in May 2012. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $39,580, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $78,900. The median annual wage for medical laboratory technicians was $37,240 in May 2012. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $24,790, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $57,710", "Nuclear Technologist. PayScale.com reported in May 2014 that the median wage for these professionals was $56,725. The BLS reported in May 2013 that the average salary for nuclear technologists of all experience levels was $71,970. Average wages were $71,540 for general hospitals and $74,310 for physicians' offices. Florida had the highest employment level and offered an average wage of $70,610. On the other hand, California offered the highest average wage of $95,310. As in other medical imaging careers, much of your time working as a nuclear medicine technologist is spent interacting directly with patients.", "Well there are a wide range of jobs in the Entry Level category and their pay varies greatly. If you know the pay grade of the job you are searching for you can narrow down this list to only view Entry Level jobs that pay less than $30K, $30K-$50K, $50K-$80K, $80K-$100K, or more than $100K. If you are unsure how much your Entry Level job pays you can choose to either browse all Entry Level salaries below or you can search all Entry Level salaries. Other related categories you may wish to browse are Administrative, Support, and Clerical jobs and Skilled and Trades jobs.", "Salary by Location. Your salary as a medical lab assistant can also depend on your region. The BLS reported that the states employing the most medical and clinical lab technicians in May 2012 were California, Texas and Pennsylvania. Earnings for these states were $44,220, $35,550 and $37,860, respectively. PayScale.com reported that the 10th-90th percentile range of entry-level medical and clinical lab technicians earned between $23,928 and $48,583 in February 2014.", "An Entry-Level Medical Technologist earns an average wage of $21.73 per hour. ", "Radiographer. According to the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) in 2010, entry-level radiographers earned an average salary of $44,500 (www.asrt.org). Florida had the highest employment level and offered an average wage of $70,610. On the other hand, California offered the highest average wage of $95,310. As in other medical imaging careers, much of your time working as a nuclear medicine technologist is spent interacting directly with patients.", "Salary Overview. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the mean yearly wage for medical and clinical lab technicians of all experience levels was $39,340 as of May 2012 (www.bls.gov). The 10th-90th percentile range of these professionals earned between $24,790 and $57,710. PayScale.com reported that the 10th-90th percentile range of entry-level medical and clinical lab technicians earned between $23,928 and $48,583 in February 2014.", "The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported that the average salary for radiologic technologists of all experience levels was $56,760 in May 2013 (www.bls.gov). In addition, these workers made average wages of $57,530 working in hospitals and $53,210 working in physicians' offices. Florida had the highest employment level and offered an average wage of $70,610. On the other hand, California offered the highest average wage of $95,310. As in other medical imaging careers, much of your time working as a nuclear medicine technologist is spent interacting directly with patients." ], "url": [ "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Healthcare/Medical-and-clinical-laboratory-technologists-and-technicians.htm", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_the_Salary_for_Entry-Level_Medical_Imaging_Jobs.html", "http://www1.salary.com/Entry-Level-Salaries.html", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_the_Average_Salary_for_an_Entry-Level_Medical_Lab_Assistant.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Medical_Technologist/Hourly_Rate/bfeca691/Entry-Level", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_the_Salary_for_Entry-Level_Medical_Imaging_Jobs.html", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_the_Average_Salary_for_an_Entry-Level_Medical_Lab_Assistant.html", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_the_Salary_for_Entry-Level_Medical_Imaging_Jobs.html" ] }

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[ "About $4,000 to $5,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "However, installing a bathtub can also be a time-consuming and labor-intensive project. The average cost to install or replace a bathtub will be anywhere between $1,030 and $4,597, depending on a wide variety of factors. One of those major factors is the type of bathtub you choose for the space. ", "1 If the replacement tub is larger and heavier than the old bathtub, you might also need to install larger copper water pipes (anywhere from $1.30-$10 a foot) and a bigger-capacity hot water heater ($150-$3,500), and to reinforce the floor joists ($100-$300 per joist). Replacing a fiberglass one with an acrylic whirlpool one. The estimate I got was for $3900.00 with me buying the tub and with a notice that the costs could go up if they have difficulty setting the tub. The tub cost $800. I am trying to keep costs down, so I am having them minimize the tile replacement.", "1 The total cost for a new shower surround should average $1,200 to $2,000. 2 For tile shower installation, you’re probably looking at a minimum cost of at least $1,500, although intricate, labor-heavy designs and add-ons (such as new faucets and a tub) could easy bring the price up to $5,000 or more. New Shower Costs. The actual cost of a new shower depends on your location, the materials used, the complexity of the installation, and other factors. 1 A basic shower enclosure may cost as little as $400 to $600, while a combination bath/shower unit or a top-of-the-line surround could cost $1,500 to $3", "If you’re wondering how much you should expect to pay to replace an old tub or shower, the short answer is: anywhere from about $1,500 to $5,000, with the national average running about $3,000. The next step up on the renewal scale is to replace an old tub or shower with a fiberglass or plastic insert that includes integrated wall panels. According to Paul Nygren, of Nygren Remodeling, Inc. , in Minneapolis, this type of job costs about $2,000 to $3,000.", "Cost breakdown. The price of a standard bathtub varies depending on the features and quality. In this case we decided on a standard quality tub priced at $700. The cost of ceramic tile wall averages $2.50 per square foot, equaling $250 in this scenario. A faucet and shower cost approximately $225. For this scenario, we discuss replacing a standard bathtub that is 5 feet long, 2 feet wide, and 1.2 feet deep. It also includes replacing the surrounding 100 square feet of ceramic tiles. For a project of this scope, you can expect to pay $1,875.", "1 For tile shower installation, you’re probably looking at a minimum cost of at least $1,500, although intricate, labor-heavy designs and add-ons (such as new faucets and a tub) could easy bring the price up to $5,000 or more. New Shower Costs. The actual cost of a new shower depends on your location, the materials used, the complexity of the installation, and other factors. 1 A basic shower enclosure may cost as little as $400 to $600, while a combination bath/shower unit or a top-of-the-line surround could cost $1,500 to $3", "“It’s generally about the same price range for the average tub or shower replacement. If you’re replacing a tub with a tub or a shower with a shower and aren’t adding new features, the typical cost is about $3,000 to $5,000. This is when people want a new tub or shower environment, generally for a facelift.”. The next step up on the renewal scale is to replace an old tub or shower with a fiberglass or plastic insert that includes integrated wall panels. According to Paul Nygren, of Nygren Remodeling, Inc. , in Minneapolis, this type of job costs about $2,000 to $3,000.", "1 Total cost for removing the old tub and installing a new one can run $1,500-$5,000 or more but averages $2,500-$3,500 depending on the ease of access, local rates, the quality of the new fixtures, and the extent of the repairs/replacements for the walls, plumbing and flooring. Replacing a fiberglass one with an acrylic whirlpool one. The estimate I got was for $3900.00 with me buying the tub and with a notice that the costs could go up if they have difficulty setting the tub. The tub cost $800. I am trying to keep costs down, so I am having them minimize the tile replacement.", "By his estimate, a typical job that includes replacing an old shower or tub with a custom shower pan, new wall tile, a glass surround and a custom glass door ranges in cost from about $4,000 to $5,000. Without the custom door, the price drops about $1,000. The next step up on the renewal scale is to replace an old tub or shower with a fiberglass or plastic insert that includes integrated wall panels. According to Paul Nygren, of Nygren Remodeling, Inc. , in Minneapolis, this type of job costs about $2,000 to $3,000." ], "url": [ "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/plumbing/install-a-bathtub/", "http://home.costhelper.com/replace-bathtub.html", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/bathroom-shower-replacement-cost.html", "http://www.networx.com/article/how-much-should-it-cost-to-replace-a-tub", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/install-or-replace-bathtub", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/bathroom-shower-replacement-cost.html", "http://www.networx.com/article/how-much-should-it-cost-to-replace-a-tub", "http://home.costhelper.com/replace-bathtub.html", "http://www.networx.com/article/how-much-should-it-cost-to-replace-a-tub" ] }

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[ "An extremely long, double-stranded nucleic acid molecule arranged as a double helix that is the main constituent of the chromosome." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Example sentences. 1 Within the nucleus are chromosomes that contain DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, genetic material unique to each individual. 2 In cultured cells, the consumption of the nutrients in the medium may affect the cell metabolism by interfering with deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis. ", "DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid. One of two types of molecules that encode genetic information. (The other is RNA. In humans DNA is the genetic material; RNA is transcribed from it. In some other organisms, RNA is the genetic material and, in reverse fashion, the DNA is transcribed from it.). DNA is a double-stranded molecule held together by weak hydrogen bonds between base pairs of nucleotides. The molecule forms a double helix in which two strands of DNA spiral about one other", "DNA. deoxyribonucleic acid: an extremely long, double-stranded nucleic acid molecule arranged as a double helix that is the main constituent of the chromosome and that carries the genes as segments along its strands: found chiefly in the chromatin of cells and in many viruses. [1930–35]. 1. DNA - (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information; DNA is the king of molecules. deoxyribonucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid.", "Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is a molecule that contains the instructions an organism needs to develop, live and reproduce. These instructions are found inside every cell, and are passed down from parents to their children. DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic code.", "There are four kinds of nucleotides in a DNA molecule: cytosine, guanine, adenine, and thymine—C, G, A, and T, for short. Specific sequences of these bases, known as genes, form codes that contain all of an organism's genetic information. 1. DNA - (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information; DNA is the king of molecules. deoxyribonucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid.", "Deoxyribonucleic acid (/diˌɒksiˌraɪbɵ.njuːˌkleɪ.ɨk ˈaesɪd/ ; ˈæSɪD) dna is a molecule that carries most of the genetic instructions used in the, development functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many. viruses ", "Share. By Regina Bailey. Definition: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a type of macromolecule known as a nucleic acid. It is shaped like a twisted double helix and is composed of long strands of alternating sugars and phosphate groups, along with nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine)", "DNA. Definition. noun. A double-stranded nucleic acid that contains the genetic information for cell growth, division, and function. Supplement. Structure: DNA is composed of two strands that twist together to form a helix. Each strand consists of alternating phosphate (PO4) and pentose sugar (2-deoxyribose), and attached on the sugar is a nitrogenous base, which can be adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine. In DNA, these bases pair; adenine pairs with thymine and guanine with cytosine. Hence, DNA is a ladder-like helical structure. Location: DNA is found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells, and chiefly in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.", "Definition of DNA for Kids. : a large organic molecule that carries genetic information in the chromosomes and resembles a twisted ladder. " ], "url": [ "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/dna", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3090", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/DNA", "http://www.livescience.com/37247-dna.html", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/DNA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA", "http://biology.about.com/od/geneticsglossary/g/DNA.htm", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/DNA", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/DNA" ] }

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[ "Girdling, also called ring barking or ring-barking is the complete removal of a strip of bark (consisting of cork cambium, phloem, cambium and sometimes going into the xylem) from around the entire circumference of either a branch or trunk of a woody plant." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Girdling results in the death of the area above the girdle over time. A branch completely girdled will fail and when the main trunk of a tree is girdled, the entire tree will die, if it cannot regrow from above to bridge the wound. Girdling is also used as a technique to force a fruit-bearing plant to bear larger fruit. A farmer would place a girdle (bark removal) at base of a large branch or at the trunk. Thus, all sugars manufactured by the leaves have no sinks but the fruit, which grows to above the normal size.", "The inner layer of the bark, the phloem, is the only living part of the tree trunk. It is responsible for carrying nutrients made by photosynthesis in the leaves down to the roots. If that path is cut by removing the bark in a ring around the trunk then no nutrients can reach the roots, and the tree dies. · just now. Report Abuse. Girdling, also called ring barking or ring-barking, is the process of completely removing a strip of bark (consisting of Secondary Phloem tissue, cork cambium, and cork) around a tree's outer circumference, causing its death.", "Girdling in Lille, Northern France. Girdling, also called ring barking or ring-barking is the complete removal of a strip of bark (consisting of cork cambium, phloem, cambium and sometimes going into the xylem) from around the entire circumference of either a branch or trunk of a woody plant. Girdling is also used as a technique to force a fruit-bearing plant to bear larger fruit. A farmer would place a girdle (bark removal) at base of a large branch or at the trunk. Thus, all sugars manufactured by the leaves have no sinks but the fruit, which grows to above the normal size.", "Girdling. in trees and grapevines, a notched ring or the removal of a ring of bark (3–5 mm wide) right up to the wood. The trunk or the skeletal branches of apple and pear trees are girdled. In grapevines the main trunk, perennial branches, or annual shoots are girdled. Girdling is performed in early spr", "Furthermore, while ring-barking and girdling may not kill a tree they may leave it vulnerable to attack from insect pests and fungal diseases. Tree management techniques such as bridge, approach or patch grafting may be considered as remedial treatments for ring-barked or girdled trees. Girdling will be defined as a circumferential cut made around the trunk of a tree which removes a band of tissue to the depth of the active or functional xylem tissues. Such a cut removes a band which contains cork and cork cambium, phloem tissues, the cambium and the current ...", "It’s called Girdling (also known as ring barking or ring-barking). Or, a technique which involves removal / peeling of a ring of bark from a tree, and the phloem layer (Like shown in the picture above). Yes, that’s it, this kills a tree. And it’s slow death. That is basically food to sustain growth and function of the roots. If that doesn’t reach the roots, the roots don’t receive what is required for their growth and function. Girdling does exactly that – cuts off the down-flow of food. As a result, the root dies and with it dies the whole tree.", "It is the part of the trunk that is alive (the wood, which is the phloem, and the bark are not alive). One of its functions is to transport substances between the leaves and the roots. If you ring bark the tree (this is also called girdling) you will cut this line of transportation between the roots and the leaves. · just now. Report Abuse. Girdling, also called ring barking or ring-barking, is the process of completely removing a strip of bark (consisting of Secondary Phloem tissue, cork cambium, and cork) around a tree's outer circumference, causing its death.", "Barking is a behavior that is so inherent to dogs that it can be difficult to change. Dogs bark for reasons like boredom, frustration, attention seeking, guarding, greeting, play, or anxiety. To change the behavior, you must first determine why your dog is barking and then address that issue. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girdling", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091113044748AAgp4R8", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girdling", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Ring-barking", "http://www.treenetmedia.com/up/pdf/2013/Treenet13D1S12.pdf", "http://awesci.com/an-incredibly-simple-way-to-kill-a-tree/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091113044748AAgp4R8", "http://yourdogsfriend.org/help/barking/" ] }

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[ "$1620" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A glued down engineered wood plank floor will cost around $2.75 to $3.25 per square foot for installation once everything is considered. A floating laminate floor will run about $2.00 to $2.50 per square foot. Moving furniture, old flooring removal, sub-floor prep, and moldings are a few factors to consider. ", "Labor cost might increase for glue down sheet vinyl floors installation, but typically difference in price will be insignificant. Normally contractor will offer lower installation price on bigger projects and charge a significantly higher rate per square foot if only a small area of vinyl flooring has to be completed. Cost to get new vinyl flooring installed determined by number of factors and overall expenses primary depend on vinyl flooring prices per square foot and labor cost to complete the work.", "Does anyone know if labor for installing 4mm vinyl planks (Tranquility floating floor with locking and Tranquility underlayment), at $1.80/sq.ft is high/low for Seattle market? The place is 900 sq.ft to be installed. Total quote for install labor is: $1620 including side moulding labor (but not material). ", "Normally it takes 4 – 5 hours for professional installer to lay vinyl planks in 12’ x 12’ room over existing floor with no special preparation work required. About 6 hours will be sufficient to complete installation of sheet vinyl in 140 – 160 sq ft kitchen area including 1/4 plywood underlayment installation. Cost to get new vinyl flooring installed determined by number of factors and overall expenses primary depend on vinyl flooring prices per square foot and labor cost to complete the work.", "If the tile is being installed over a plywood sub-floor, an approved cement or fiber-cement based subfloor must be installed prior to the installation of the tile. This labor charge usually runs about $2.00 per square foot (materials are additional). Grout installation is included in the tile installation labor charge. ", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Vinyl Tile Flooring Installation project. For a basic 250 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install Vinyl Tile Flooring ranges between $5.33 - $7.00 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1. Set Project Zip Code Enter the Zip Code for the location where labor is hired and materials purchased", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Sheet Vinyl Flooring Installation project. For a basic 500 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install Sheet Vinyl Flooring ranges between $2.56 - $3.31 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1. Set Project Zip Code Enter the Zip Code for the location where labor is hired and materials purchased", "An installation for a good quality vinyl floor in a 10-by-12-foot room will cost $722, which includes the labor and material. You can buy the material and install it yourself for $500, assuming you have carpentry experience and tools. That's a 31 percent saving. ", "$1.50 per square foot for the tile multiplied by 250 square feet, which equals $375. Add in 10% and the total for flooring materials comes to $412.50. For labor, $3 times 250 square feet equals $750. No need to add 10% here. Add in the removal and haul away for the carpeting and the total labor cost is $900. The total flooring installation price will be the sum of $412.50 for the materials plus $900 for the labor therefore the estimated cost is $1,312.50 (plus applicable taxes). If you don’t wish to do this all yourself, feel free to scroll up and try out our flooring installation calculator for yourself. " ], "url": [ "http://serenityflooringcreations.com/services/services.html", "http://www.rempros.com/costs/calculating-vinyl-flooring-installation-expenses.html", "http://www.city-data.com/forum/home-interior-design-decorating/2068719-labor-cost-installing-vinyl-planks.html", "http://www.rempros.com/costs/calculating-vinyl-flooring-installation-expenses.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_labor_cost_to_install_vinyl_tiles", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_vinyl_tile_flooring.html", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_sheet_vinyl_flooring.html", "http://www.diyornot.com/Project.aspx?ndx2=2&Rcd=51", "https://flooring.installationcalculator.com/" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Brando was one of the first Method actors to star in films, and he is famous for the intensity he brought to the role of Terry Malloy. 2 Brando's famous I coulda been a contender line is often parodied, but when you actually see it for the first time, pay attention to how anguished and heartbroken he is.", "I coulda' been a contender.. Movie: On the Waterfront. Arguably the greatest actor of the 20th Century, On the Waterfront features Marlon Brando at the very top of his game, playing Terry Malloy, a former boxer doing battle with both his own conscience and the corrupt union bosses running the waterfront.", "Parodied in On the Waterfront Again. Knightriders (1981). Bors spoofs Brando's taxi scene. Howard the Duck (1986). Phil's I coulda been a contender line.", "When Ira and Marvin are in the car and Marvin says I could have been a contender he's spoofing the similar scene from On the Waterfront with Marlon Brando.", "Charlie: Oh I had some bets down for you. You saw some money. Terry: You don't understand. I coulda had class. I coulda been a contender. I coulda been somebody, instead of a bum, which is what I am, let's face it. It was you, Charley.", "One of the most imitated scenes in movie history. On the Waterfront is the movie that finally won Marlon Brando a Best Actor Academy Award. I say finally because it was his 4th consecutive nomination. In 1951 he was nominated for A Streetcar Named Desire but lost to Humphrey Bogart in The African Queen." ], "url": [ "http://www.phenry.org/movies/movienight/waterfront.php", "http://www.ign.com/top/movie-moments/38", "http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0047296/movieconnections", "http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0047296/movieconnections", "http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0047296/quotes", "http://www.threemoviebuffs.com/review/on-the-waterfront" ] }

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[ "$9.9 billion and $12.8 billion" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "OFA estimates that the cost of staffing all Connecticut public schools with armed security guards ranges between $60 and $70 million. This estimate is based on both a per-student and per-school calculation of costs. Connecticut has approximately 560,000 students in approximately 1,100 public school buildings. ", "Purchase: Order Reprint. Putting an armed guard in every Minnesota school would require the hiring of hundreds of police or security guards and could cost in the neighborhood of $138 million. Minneapolis schools spend close to $900,000 annually to station 16 officers in schools, along with the cost of a supervisor and school patrol officer.", "8 Paying for one armed security guard, or School Resource Officer, in each will cost between $9.9 billion and $12.8 billion, depending on the annual salary of the SRO. The cost for public schools would be between $7.4 billion and $9.6 billion. Paying for an armed SRO in each private school is an added cost that ranges between $2.5 billion and $3.2 billion.", "Stationing a police officer in all 1,968 public schools in Minnesota would be expensive, based on average earnings of $70,500 reported in 2012 for the statewide police and fire pension plan. But that cost of $138 million could be trimmed somewhat if armed security guards were used. St. Paul schools, for example, pay for 10 police officers, but also employ patrols of security guards who check on alarms and do other duties. Minneapolis schools spend close to $900,000 annually to station 16 officers in schools, along with the cost of a supervisor and school patrol officer.", "1 The time of day also affects pricing. 2 Security guards working at a late-night party in the city may cost $30-$50 per hour, for example. 3 An off-duty police officer typically costs $40-$60 per hour for security guard services. 1 An unarmed security guard typically costs $12-$20 per hour, while an armed security guard costs typically costs $18-$25 per hour. 2 An unarmed guard from 21st Sentry Security in Dallas-Fort Worth typically costs $14 per hour, while an armed guard starts at $18 per hour. 3 The time of day also affects pricing", "2. But studies have shown armed guards may make students feel less safe at school. As Brad Plumer of the Washington Post points out, a 2011 study found that visible safety measures in schools, like armed security, made many students feel less safe -- which can make learning harder. Here's some simple math. The median salary for police officers is $55,010 and there are about 99,000 public schools in the country -- and of those, about a third already have armed guards.", "Close vote allows for administrators to find out price of armed security at one high or elementary school. February 08, 2014 | By Jeremiah Dobruck and Hannah Fry. A split school board recently asked how much it would cost to post armed guards at campuses in Newport Beach and Costa Mesa. Brooks questioned what level of training each security guard would have and whether that's enough to entrust them with children's safety. To take a person off the street that has a clean record and give them a gun, then put them in schools and say we have armed security, well no, we have armed people, he said.", "On a national scale, putting an armed guard in each of the country’s roughly 98,000 public schools would cost over $3.3 billion each year in salaries alone — plus benefits — according to Labor Bureau figures that put the average yearly pay of a a security guard at about $33,840. ", "1 An unarmed guard from 21st Sentry Security in Dallas-Fort Worth typically costs $14 per hour, while an armed guard starts at $18 per hour. 2 The time of day also affects pricing. 3 Security guards working at a late-night party in the city may cost $30-$50 per hour, for example. 1 An unarmed security guard typically costs $12-$20 per hour, while an armed security guard costs typically costs $18-$25 per hour. 2 An unarmed guard from 21st Sentry Security in Dallas-Fort Worth typically costs $14 per hour, while an armed guard starts at $18 per hour. 3 The time of day also affects pricing" ], "url": [ "http://www.cga.ct.gov/2013/rpt/2013-R-0044.htm", "http://www.startribune.com/armed-guards-in-every-minn-school-would-cost-138-million/184725071/", "http://www.urban.csuohio.edu/publications/hill/ArmingSchools_Hill_032813.pdf", "http://www.startribune.com/armed-guards-in-every-minn-school-would-cost-138-million/184725071/", "http://smallbusiness.costhelper.com/security-guard.html", "http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/12/how-much-would-it-cost-to-put-guards-with-guns-in-every-public-school/266579/", "http://articles.dailypilot.com/2014-02-08/news/tn-dpt-me-0209-school-armed-guards-20140208_1_armed-guards-armed-security-split-school-board", "http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nra-ludicrous-proposal-cost-3-3b-article-1.1225758", "http://smallbusiness.costhelper.com/security-guard.html" ] }

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[ "Alessandro Volta", "Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 1954 Solar Cells-Gerald Pearson, Calvin Fuller and Daryl Chapin invented the first solar battery. 2 A solar battery converts the sun's energy to electricity. 3 In 1954, Gerald Pearson, Calvin Fuller and Daryl Chapin invented the first solar battery. 1 1881 - Carl Gassner invented the first commercially successful dry cell battery (zinc-carbon cell). 2 1899 - Waldmar Jungner invented the first nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery. 3 1901 Alkaline Storage-Thomas Alva Edison invented the alkaline storage battery.", "Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (18 February 1745 – 5 March 1827) was an Italian physicist and chemist, who is credited as the inventor of the electrical battery and the discoverer of methane. The battery made by Volta is credited as the first electrochemical cell. It consists of two electrodes: one made of zinc, the other of copper. The electrolyte is either sulfuric acid mixed with water or a form of saltwater brine.", "In 1799, Italian physicist Alessandro Volta created the first battery by stacking alternating layers of zinc, brine-soaked pasteboard or cloth, and silver. This arrangement, called a voltaic pile, was not the first device to create electricity, but it was the first to emit a steady, lasting current. ", "A year after Volta first introduced his voltaic pile he presented his invention to the French National Institute, in which Napoleon Bonaparte was in attendance. In honor of Volta's invention, his name is used as the unit of electromotive measurement known as a volt. That is, not until the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta came along. In 1800, Volta created the first modern day battery when he built what came to be known as his voltaic pile. The pile was made of up of zinc and copper plates with vinegar-or brine-dampened pieces of leather or pasteboard placed in between each plate.", "In announcing his discovery of the voltaic pile, Volta paid tribute to the influences of William Nicholson, Tiberius Cavallo, and Abraham Bennet. The battery made by Volta is credited as the first electrochemical cell. It consists of two electrodes: one made of zinc, the other of copper. The electrolyte is either sulfuric acid mixed with water or a form of saltwater brine.", "Alessandro Volta-Example of Voltic Pile. Photograph courtesy of the National Library of Medicine. In 1800, Alessandro Volta of Italy built the voltaic pile and discovered the first practical method of generating electricity. Count Volta also made discoveries in electrostatics, meteorology and pneumatics", "In 1899, a Swedish scientist named Waldemar Jungner invented the nickel–cadmium battery, a rechargeable battery that had nickel and cadmium electrodes in a potassium hydroxide solution; the first battery to use an alkaline electrolyte. It was commercialized in Sweden in 1910 and reached the United States in 1946. This was known as the trough battery. Volta himself invented a variant that consisted of a chain of cups filled with a salt solution, linked together by metallic arcs dipped into the liquid. This was known as the Crown of Cups. These arcs were made of two different metals (e.g., zinc and copper) soldered together.", "Alessandro Volta invented the first battery called a voltaic pile made of two dissimilar metal plates in a brine solution in 1800. The first practical battery was developed us … ing the Leyden jar. The Leyden jar was invented in 1745 by both Ewald Georg von Kleist and Pieter van Musschenbroek. The battery was invented around 2,000 years ago if you believe the Baghdad battery discovered in 1936 was a real battery … . The Voltaic battery was invented in 1780. The Rechargeable Lead Acid Automobile Battery we use today was invented in 1859.", "Alessandro Volta invented the voltaic pile in 1800 thereby producing the first practical method of generating electricity. The voltaic pile was made by alternating plates of z … inc and copper that had pieces of cardboard soaked in brine between them. The battery was invented around 2,000 years ago if you believe the Baghdad battery discovered in 1936 was a real battery … . The Voltaic battery was invented in 1780. The Rechargeable Lead Acid Automobile Battery we use today was invented in 1859." ], "url": [ "http://inventors.about.com/od/bstartinventions/a/History-Of-The-Battery.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Volta", "http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/everyday-tech/battery1.htm", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/inventions/when-was-the-first-battery-invented.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Volta", "http://inventors.about.com/od/utstartinventors/a/Alessandro_Volta.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_battery", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_the_battery", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_the_battery" ] }

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[ "An American naval officer and the youngest man to serve as Chief of Naval Operations.", "He was an American naval officer and the youngest man to serve as Chief of Naval Operations." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Zumwalt class destroyer is the namesake of Admiral Elmo Russell Zumwalt, Jr., the youngest four-star admiral in U.S. naval history and the youngest man to serve as Chief of Naval Operations (CNO). Zumwalt was appointed CNO in 1970 by President Nixon, and he served in that role until 1974.", "Adm. Elmo R. Zumwalt Jr., who as chief of naval operations in the early 1970's ordered the Navy to end racial discrimination and demeaning restrictions on sailors, then faced a haunting personal anguish that he attributed to the defoliant Agent Orange, died yesterday at the Duke University Medical Center in Durham, N.C. Elmo Russell Zumwalt Jr. was born in San Francisco on Nov. 29, 1920, the son of doctors, and was reared in Tulare, Calif. He graduated from the Naval Academy in 1942, won a Bronze Star serving on a destroyer in the Battle of Leyte Gulf in 1944 and served on the battleship Wisconsin in the Korean War.", "August 14, 1988 | AMY PYLE | Times Staff Writer. Elmo R. Zumwalt III, who was exposed to Agent Orange after his admiral-father ordered the defoliant to be sprayed on the jungles of Vietnam, died from cancer Saturday at age 42.", "Elmo Russell Bud Zumwalt, Jr. (November 29, 1920 – January 2, 2000) was an American naval officer and the youngest man to serve as Chief of Naval Operations. Zumwalt was born in San Francisco, California, the son of Elmo Russell Zumwalt, M.D., and his wife, Frances (Frank) Zumwalt, M.D., both country doctors. Frances was raised Jewish, the daughter of Julius and Sarah Frank of Burlington, Vermont. Her family moved to Los Angeles, California, where she grew up", "FAYETTEVILLE, N.C., Aug. 13— Elmo R. Zumwalt 3d, son of the admiral who ordered the spraying of Agent Orange in Vietnam, and who was exposed to the defoliant himself, died of cancer today at his home. He was 42 years old. The younger Mr. Zumwalt, a lawyer, said he never blamed his father for his disease. Adm. Elmo R. Zumwalt Jr. commanded naval forces in Vietnam from 1968-70, then served as Chief of Naval Operations until 1974, when he retired from active duty. His son served in Vietnam from June 1969 to August 1970 as a lieutenant junior grade commanding a patrol boat.", "Elmo Russell Bud Zumwalt, Jr. (November 29, 1920 – January 2, 2000) was an American naval officer and the youngest man to serve as Chief of Naval Operations.y marrying Elmo Zumwalt, she became estranged from her parents due to their extremely conservative Jewish views, and throughout the rest of her life she claimed she was adopted (Elmo Russell Zumwalt, M.D., was from a Christian background).", "Zumwalt was born in San Francisco, California, the son of Elmo Russell Zumwalt, M.D., and his wife, Frances (Frank) Zumwalt, M.D., both country doctors. Frances was the daughter of Julius and Sarah Frank of Burlington, Vermont. Her family moved to Los Angeles, California, where she grew up. By marrying Elmo Zumwalt, she became estranged from her parents due to their extremely conservative Jewish views, and throughout the rest of her life she claimed she was adopted (Elmo Russell Zumwalt, M.D., was from a Christian background).", "The lead ship is named Zumwalt for Admiral Elmo Zumwalt, and carries the hull number DDG-1000. Originally 32 ships were planned, with the $9.6 billion research and development costs spread across the class, but as the quantity was reduced to 10, then 3, the cost-per-ship increased dramatically.", "By David Sharp, Associated Press. Save for later Saved. Retired Admiral Elmo Zumwalt Jr., salutes President Bill Clinton, during a ceremony at the White House in Washington, after the president announced expanded benefits to veterans suffering side effects from exposure to Agent Orange during the Vietnam War, in 1996." ], "url": [ "http://science.howstuffworks.com/zumwalt1.htm", "http://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/03/us/elmo-r-zumwalt-jr-admiral-who-modernized-the-navy-is-dead-at-79.html", "http://articles.latimes.com/1988-08-14/news/mn-793_1_agent-orange", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmo_Zumwalt", "http://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/14/obituaries/elmo-r-zumwalt-3d-42-is-dead-father-ordered-agent-orange-use.html", "http://military.wikia.com/wiki/Elmo_Zumwalt", "http://military.wikia.com/wiki/Elmo_Zumwalt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zumwalt_class_destroyer", "http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Latest-News-Wires/2014/0411/USS-Zumwalt-warship-s-namesake-fought-racism-sexism" ] }

[]

[ "$10,878 per year for in-state residents." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Rhode Island College tuition is $6,530 per year for in-state residents. This is 2% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $23,857 and 79% cheaper than the average Rhode Island tuition of $30,387 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 1st in Rhode Island amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 10th most expensive 4 year college in the state.", "University of Rhode Island is public, 4 year or high located in Kingston, Rhode Island. For academic year 2015-2016, the undergraduate tuition & fees at University of Rhode Island is $11,128 for in-state and $27,118 for out-of-state students.", "Full-time undergraduate students that do not reside in Rhode Island paid $28,016 in tuition and fees for the 2013 - 2014 school year prior to adjustments for financial need. Of this amount, $26,444 was the cost of tuition and $1,572 the cost of fees.", "The total list price for in-state Rhode Island residents to go to URI is $25,458 for the 2014/2015 academic year. Out-of-state students who don't possess Rhode Island residence can expect a one year cost of $41,024.", "Undergraduate Tuition. University of Rhode Island tuition is $10,878 per year for in-state residents. This is 69% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $19,509 and 64% cheaper than the average Rhode Island tuition of $30,387 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 2nd in Rhode Island amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 9th most expensive 4 year college in the state.", "The cost of tuition and fees is reduced dramatically for residents of Rhode Island. Tuition for these students is set at $10,878 for the 2013 - 2014 year, a discount of 55.6%. Fees are $1,572, bringing the total yearly cost for these full-time undergrads to $12,450." ], "url": [ "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/rhode-island/rhode-island-college/", "http://www.collegetuitioncompare.com/colleges/RI/Kingston/University-of-Rhode-Island.html", "http://www.collegefactual.com/colleges/university-of-rhode-island/paying-for-college/tuition-and-fees/", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/rhode-island/university-of-rhode-island/", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/rhode-island/university-of-rhode-island/", "http://www.collegefactual.com/colleges/university-of-rhode-island/paying-for-college/tuition-and-fees/" ] }

[]

[ "$372 per semester unit." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The cost will vary depending on the college or university attended. For 2015-16, California residents attending a CSU campus as an undergraduate will pay the tuition fee of $5,472 for the academic year (nine months).", "2014-2015 Cost of Attendance. The average student expenses will vary from student to student depending on his/her living arrangements and individual needs. The tables below provide the estimated amounts for the 2014-2015 academic year attendance; however, the actual costs may differ on an individual basis.", "Campus Costs of Attendance for 2015-2016. College costs will vary depending on where a student lives during the academic year-at home with parents or relatives, in university or campus housing (residence halls), or off campus in an apartment or other housing.", "** Nonresident tuition is based on 9 units each semester at $372 per unit. *** Plan for additional expenses that will increase your cost of attendance. For graduate students, we estimate the average annual cost of books and supplies to be $1,804; transportation to be $2,120, and personal expenses to be $1,392.", "2015-2016 Cost of Attendance. The average student expenses will vary from student to student depending on his/her living arrangements and individual needs. The tables below provide the estimated amounts for the 2015-2016 academic year attendance; however, the actual costs may differ on an individual basis.", "$29,500. * California resident undergraduates at all UC campuses pay the same $12,240 in systemwide tuition and fees. The fees figure above includes the average cost of additional campus-based fees. Your total costs will vary depending on your personal expenses and the campus you attend.", "Students who are not classified as residents of the state of California must also pay nonresident tuition when enrolling for courses at the CSU. Nonresident tuition is currently assessed at the rate of $372 per semester unit or $248 per quarter unit. To view or print a table of the summary of standard student expense budget for all CSU 23 campuses click 2015-2016 Campus Cost of Attendance." ], "url": [ "http://www.csumentor.edu/faq/finaid_costs.asp", "http://www.calstatela.edu/financialaid/2014-2015-cost-attendance", "http://www.calstate.edu/sas/costofattendance/", "http://arweb.sdsu.edu/es/admissions/costs.html", "http://www.calstatela.edu/financialaid/2015-2016-cost-attendance", "http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/paying-for-uc/tuition-and-cost/", "http://www.calstate.edu/sas/costofattendance/" ] }

[]

[ "Defined as to explain further or in more detail. An example of expound is someone explaining the meaning of evolution to another.1 to set forth point by point; state in detail. 2 to explain or interpret; clarify.xpound is defined as to explain further or in more detail." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "verb. Expound is defined as to explain further or in more detail. An example of expound is someone explaining the meaning of evolution to another. 1 to set forth point by point; state in detail. 2 to explain or interpret; clarify", "1 Nardini wholeheartedly expounds the idea that those in the public eye are obliged to raise the profile of organisations who struggle to avert major crises. 2 First, it is suggested that successive attempts to expound a Marxian theory of nature have see-sawed between naturalistic and social constructionist positions. 1 The commentator must know the whole of Aristotle in order that, having first proved that Aristotle is consistent with himself, he may expound Aristotle's works by means of Aristotle's works.", "expound. English Collins Dictionary-English synonyms & Thesaurus &nbsp. expound (expounds 3rd person present) (expounding present participle) (expounded past tense & past participle) If you expound an idea or opinion, you give a clear and detailed explanation of it. V P n", "Synonym Discussion of EXPOUND. explain, expound, explicate, elucidate, interpret mean to make something clear or understandable. explain implies a making plain or intelligible what is not immediately obvious or entirely known. ", "› to give a ​detailed ​explanation of something: He's always expounding on what's ​wrong with the ​world. She uses her ​newspaper ​column to expound her ​views on ​environmental ​issues. (Definition of expound from the Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press). As part of our occasional series on idioms used in or in relation to business, we look today at the important area of making projects happen – getting projects started, making progress with those projects and, as sometimes happens, failing to make progress.", "elaborate, lucubrate, expatiate, exposit, enlarge, flesh out, expand, expound, dilate (verb). add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing. She elaborated on the main ideas in her dissertation. set forth, expound, exposit (verb). ", "Blog. A must for anyone with an interest in the changing face of language. The Macmillan Dictionary blog explores English as it is spoken around the world today. Definition and synonyms of expound from the online English dictionary from Macmillan Publishers Limited. The thesaurus of synonyms and related words is fully integrated into the dictionary. Click on the thesaurus category heading under the button in an entry to see the synonyms and related words for that meaning.", "As soon as he had dispatched this messenger, he went in quest of his sister, whom he found reading and expounding the. The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling by Fielding, Henry View in context. Maggie's mother paced to and fro, addressing the doorful of eyes, expounding like a glib showman at a museum. ", "[+] more examples [-] hide examples [+] Example sentences [-] Hide examples. [no object]. When asked to expound, he had no comment. [+] more examples [-] hide examples [+] Example sentences [-] Hide examples. The article expounds on the virtues of a healthy diet. ", "This is the British English definition of expound. View American English definition of expound. Change your default dictionary to American English. View the pronunciation for expound. The thesaurus of synonyms and related words is fully integrated into the dictionary. Click on the thesaurus category heading under the button in an entry to see the synonyms and related words for that meaning." ], "url": [ "http://www.yourdictionary.com/expound", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/expound", "http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-synonyms/expound", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/expound", "http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/expound", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/expound", "http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/expound", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/expounding", "http://www.learnersdictionary.com/definition/expound", "http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/expound" ] }

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[ "Postnatal is the period beginning immediately after the birth of a child and extending for about six weeks. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "post·par·tum. adj. Of or occurring in the period shortly after childbirth: postpartum complications.", "postnatal diseases. diseases which are more prevalent at this time in the animal's life because of its small size, its immunological inadequacy and its dependence on the dam for nourishment, protection from predators and from inclement weather, especially protection from the cold.", "Postnatal. Postnatal is the period beginning immediately after the birth of a child and extending for about six weeks. Another term would be postpartum period, as it refers to the mother. Less frequently used is puerperium. It is the time after birth, a time in which the mother's body, including hormone levels and uterus size, returns to a non-pregnant state.", "Relating to or denoting the period after childbirth: postnatal care. More example sentences. 1 The clinic offers counselling, electrocardiogram and stress tests, pap smear, antenatal and post-natal care and vaccination and immunisation for infants and adults.", "Full Definition of POSTNATAL. — post·na·tal·ly adverb. See postnatal defined for English-language learners. See postnatal defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT.", "relates to the newborn in the period immediately after birth. A suitable subdivision is: early postnatal—within 48 hours of birth; delayed postnatal—2 to 7 days; late postnatal—1 to 4 weeks.", "Postnatal depression is a type of depression some women experience after having a baby. It can develop within the first six weeks of giving birth, but is often not apparent until around six months. Postnatal depression is more common than many people realise, affecting around one in 10 women" ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/postpartum", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/postnatal", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/postnatal", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/postnatal", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/postnatal", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/postnatal", "http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Postnataldepression/Pages/Introduction.aspx" ] }

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[ "5 minutes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "23 comments on “ How to make the best-ever soft-boiled egg ”. Usually what I do is put a cold egg in a pot and barely cover with water, bring to a boil and simmer for 1 1/2 mins. Then I let it stand for about a minute, and it comes out pretty good. But I am open to trying your method to compare the results. Related: How to get perfectly boiled eggs. On the flip-side, the six-minute egg had great results. By exposing the egg to a more moderate and consistent heat, the egg white was fully cooked and not rubbery at all. In the image above, the eggs were cooked for five, six and seven minutes from left to right.", "1 Bring the water to a rapid boil. 2 add saltand keep it at a rapid boil. 3 Prick the bottom (wider end) of the egg with an egg pricker. 4 Immerse in the boiling water and boil for exactly 5 minutes. Directions. 1 Bring the water to a rapid boil. 2 add saltand keep it at a rapid boil. 3 Prick the bottom (wider end) of the egg with an egg pricker. 4 Immerse in the boiling water and boil for exactly 5 minutes. 5 Dash in cold water, crack & enjoy.", "Best-ever soft boiled eggs One cannot overlook the virtues of a good custardy, runny yolk — truly a gift from nature. Whether you want a soft-boiled egg to dip your toast sticks in, or to top off a salad — timing is the key to getting that egg just right. Related: How to get perfectly boiled eggs. On the flip-side, the six-minute egg had great results. By exposing the egg to a more moderate and consistent heat, the egg white was fully cooked and not rubbery at all. In the image above, the eggs were cooked for five, six and seven minutes from left to right.", "Cook. When I want a soft boiled egg I want the yolk soft and the white firm. The boiling time has a lot to do with your elevation. 5 minutes is perfect for an elevation of 1100 ft (330 meters) if you are nearer sea level decrease the boiling time if at a higher elevation increase the time. Directions. 1 Bring the water to a rapid boil. 2 add saltand keep it at a rapid boil. 3 Prick the bottom (wider end) of the egg with an egg pricker. 4 Immerse in the boiling water and boil for exactly 5 minutes. 5 Dash in cold water, crack & enjoy.", "Place the eggs in a saucepan and cover with water. Season with a pinch of salt. Place the pan over medium heat and bring to a boil. Cook for 2 minutes. Remove from heat and cover with a lid. Allow the eggs to sit for 11 minutes. Drain and cool the eggs for 2 minutes in ice water. Drain and peel the eggs.", "Bring the water up to a boil, then lower it to a rapid simmer. Add the eggs to the pot, and then begin timing. If you're just cooking one or two eggs, five minutes is perfect for a runny yolk, or cook as long as seven minutes for a more firmly set, but still spoonable, yolk. Pin it Open Slideshow The perfect soft-boiled egg should have firm, custard-like whites and a warm, runny yolk — this is what my host mother taught me when I lived with her family in France for a summer in high school, and it's still the standard to which I hold my soft-boiled eggs today.", "Directions. Place eggs in a saucepan large enough to accommodate them in a single layer. Fill the pan with cold water, covering eggs by an inch. Set over medium-high heat, and bring to a boil. Turn off heat, cover, and let stand 1 1/2 to 2 minutes. Remove eggs from water. Serve immediately in egg cups -- perfect for cracking and scooping the egg right from the shell", "For hard-boiled eggs, put the eggs in a pan and cover them with cold water. This way you'll have less of a chance of breaking them. Bring to a boil, put a lid on it and turn off the heat. Let it stand for 10 to 15 minutes. You can store hard-boiled eggs peeled or unpeeled for about a week in the refrigerator. They are great deviled or in egg salad or even added to mac and cheese and casseroles. Tip: Hard-boiled eggs are perishable; don't let them sit at room temperature for more than two hours." ], "url": [ "http://www.chatelaine.com/recipes/cooking-tips/the-best-ever-soft-boiled-egg/", "http://www.food.com/recipe/perfect-soft-boiled-eggs-163724", "http://www.chatelaine.com/recipes/cooking-tips/the-best-ever-soft-boiled-egg/", "http://www.food.com/recipe/perfect-soft-boiled-eggs-163724", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/emeril-lagasse/perfectly-boiled-eggs-recipe.html", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-make-a-soft-boiled-egg-kitchn-cooking-lesson-138819", "http://www.marthastewart.com/318797/marthas-soft-boiled-eggs", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/how-to/photos/how-to-hard-boil-and-soft-cook-eggs.html" ] }

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[ "The conversion formulas between F and C are:[ C] = ([ F] - 32) 5/9." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Temperature conversions are performed by using a formula, which differs dependent on the two temperatures you are converting between. For example, to convert, say 50 degrees celsius (centigrade) to fahrenheit, we plug our numbers into the formula as shown below: F = C * 9/5 + 32. F = 50 * 9/5 + 32. F = 90 + 32. F = 122. ", "1 A fever in Celsius is a temperature greater than 38 degrees, or the equivalent of 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit. 2 Also, a temperature of 39 degrees Celsius/102 degrees Fahrenheit is not dangerous in and of itself, although it should prompt the individual to seek medical attention if it persists. Another simple conversion method from C to F is to double the celsius, subtract 10%, add 32. For example: 100C = 2x100=200,200-20=180,add 32=212F. More about fahrenheit and celsius. Visit the Canadian holidays 2015 website for dates and info about holidays in Canada to help plan your vacations.", "How to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit. The temperature T in degrees Fahrenheit (F) is equal to the temperature T in degrees Celsius (C) times 9/5 plus 32: T (F) = T (C) × 9/5 + 32. or. T (F) = T (C) × 1.8 + 32.", "I have a downloadable temperature conversion program available. It converts between all temperature scales, and you can optionally view the formulas and step by step conversion process. It was originally created as shareware, but it never expires so you do not need to register it. ", "Temperature Conversion Formula. They are many Temperature Conversion methods. Among them Kelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit are the most commonly used methods. According to Kelvin scale, the freezing point of water is 273.15K and the boiling point is 373.15K. According to Fahrenheit scale, the freezing point of water is 32 o F and the boiling point is 212 o F. According to Celsius scale, the freezing point of water is 0 o C and the boiling point is 100 o C. The Temperature Conversion Formula from Celsius to Kelvin is,", "Directions. Enter temperature to be converted in degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or Celsius (°C aka centigrade) in box. Select either Fahrenheit or Celsius button to perform conversion. Press convert button to display result at bottom", "Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F) , how to convert & conversion table. The temperature T in degrees Fahrenheit (F) is equal to the temperature T in degrees Celsius (C) times 9/5 plus 32: T (F) = T (C) × 9/5 + 32. or. T (F) = T (C) × 1.8 + 32.", "Celsius, or centigrade, is also a temperature scale that describes temperatures in Celsius degrees (C) and it is used in (almost) everywhere else outside the US. 212 F = 100 C = boiling point of water. 32 F = 0 C = freezing point of water. The conversion formulas between F and C are: [ C] = ([ F] - 32) 5/9. Another simple conversion method from C to F is to double the celsius, subtract 10%, add 32. For example: 100C = 2x100=200,200-20=180,add 32=212F. More about fahrenheit and celsius. Visit the Canadian holidays 2015 website for dates and info about holidays in Canada to help plan your vacations.", "Because of the complex convesion formula people often use fahrenheit to celsius calculators to convert temperatures. Remembering a few C and F pairs can be useful in everyday life. 1 0 C is the freezing point of water (or more accurately the melting point of ice) and it is 32 F. Another simple conversion method from C to F is to double the celsius, subtract 10%, add 32. For example: 100C = 2x100=200,200-20=180,add 32=212F. More about fahrenheit and celsius. Visit the Canadian holidays 2015 website for dates and info about holidays in Canada to help plan your vacations.", "By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. The three common temperature scales are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. Each scale has its uses, so it's likely you'll encounter them and need to convert between them. Fortunately, the conversion formulas are simple: Useful Temperature Facts. 1 Celsius and Fahrenheit are the same at -40°. 2 Water boils at 100°C or 212°F. 3 Water freezes at 0°C and 32°F. 4 Absolute zero is 0 K. 5 Celsius and Fahrenheit are degree scales." ], "url": [ "http://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/conversions/temperature.php", "http://fahrenheittocelsius.com/", "http://www.rapidtables.com/convert/temperature/how-celsius-to-fahrenheit.htm", "http://www.onlineconversion.com/temperature.htm", "http://formulas.tutorvista.com/math/temperature-conversion-formula.html", "http://manuelsweb.com/temp.htm", "http://www.rapidtables.com/convert/temperature/how-celsius-to-fahrenheit.htm", "http://fahrenheittocelsius.com/", "http://fahrenheittocelsius.com/", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/unitconversions/fl/Temperature-Conversion-Formulas.htm" ] }

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[ "Prepared on large spinning drums which are capable of processing high volumes of cotton at once." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If the carded fiber is spun with most of the fibers going in the direction of spinning (ie toward the spinning wheel), it will produce a more compact, smoother yarn. If it is spun with most of the fibers perpendicular to the direction of spin, it will produce a fluffier, airier yarn.", "BELLA + CANVAS tees are made using only 100% combed and ring-spun cotton fabric — never carded open end fabric. Carded open end is a cheaper way of turning cotton into yarn and if you’ve ever worn a heavy, scratchy, cardboard-like tee, you know what carded open end feels like.", "You won't believe these 10 facts about people. Carded cotton is cotton which has been prepared for spinning into thread or yarn. Carding is an important step in the processing of many textiles, ensuring that debris is removed while aligning the fibers to make them easier to spin. Without carding, cotton thread would be coarse and extremely fragile.", "The full question, ring spun carded and combed, refers to the fiber preparation method of carding (brushing) and combing the fibers prior to spinning, in order to form a softer yarn which is best for soft knit items.", "Carded open end is a cheaper way of turning cotton into yarn and if you’ve ever worn a heavy, scratchy, cardboard-like tee, you know what open end feels like. Carded open end fiber is bulky, fuzzy and creates an uneven knit, while 100% combed and ring-spun cotton is finer, smoother ad knit consistently.", "Industrially carded cotton is prepared on large spinning drums which are capable of processing high volumes of cotton at once. For rapid processing, cotton spinning machines are usually located close to the carding area, ensuring that minimal time is wasted transferring cotton products around a factory.", "Spinning of natural fiber may be carded, combed or rotor types. Generally cotton is the most common products all over the world. Cotton spinning process is completely different from synthetic fiber spinning methods.", "The full question, ring spun carded and combed, refers to the fiber preparation method of carding (brushing) and combing the fibers prior to spinning, in order to form a softer yarn which is best for soft knit items." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_in_carded_and_combed_yarn_and_what_products_they_can_make", "http://combedandringspun.com/no-coe.php", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-carded-cotton.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_ring_spun_carded_and_combed_yarn_and_what_are_their_uses", "http://www.kubuny.com/en/help/t-shirts/what-100-combed-and-ring-spun-cotton", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-carded-cotton.htm", "http://textilefashionstudy.com/what-is-carding-functions-of-carding-in-spinning/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_in_carded_and_combed_yarn_and_what_products_they_can_make" ] }

[]

[ "Businesses" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Cost of Goods Sold is an expense and therefore goes under the expense accounts on the Income Statement. COGS is the companies expense to provide the goods it sales. For … example Wal-Mart pays $40 for a Blu-Ray Player and sells it for $150. The $40 that they paid (plus any other expenses such as shipping etc if applicable) are the cost of goods sold and is their expense for that particular sale.", "A cost statement or cost sheet is a breakdown of all costs incurred, which is comprised of direct and indirect expenses. While the statement can be prepared to calculate the cost of any item from attending a university to a development project, it is most commonly used for goods. The cost statement is the largest expense on the income statement and shows the cost of the product. The cost for retailers and wholesalers is the amount paid during the period.", "Cost Statement Features. Most cost sheets contain a minimum of three primary sections labeled direct materials, direct labor and overhead. Direct materials refer to the raw materials or parts necessary to make the actual product. As businesses take on new projects and run their day-to-day operations, they need to track how much they spend along the way. A cost statement or cost sheet provides management a document that details the costs of conducting a project, running a department or manufacturing a product in terms of goods and services. Other People Are Reading", "DEFINITION of 'Cost Of Revenue'. The total cost of manufacturing and delivering a product or service. Cost of revenue information is found in a company's income statement, and is designed to represent the direct costs associated with the goods and services the company provides. Indirect costs, such as salaries, are not included. Next Up.", "Definition of Cost of Goods Sold. The cost of goods sold (COGS) is any direct cost related to the production of goods that are sold or the cost of inventory you acquire to sell to consumers. It does not include overhead expenses related to the general operation of the business, such as rent. ", "Full Cost Statement. In some instances, businesses employ full cost statements to compare potential ways to implement a project. Full cost statements are a comprehensive overview of internal expenses as well as the possible external costs of one choice over another. For example, paper mills are notorious for strong odors. As businesses take on new projects and run their day-to-day operations, they need to track how much they spend along the way. A cost statement or cost sheet provides management a document that details the costs of conducting a project, running a department or manufacturing a product in terms of goods and services. Other People Are Reading", "A full cost statement, however, would include all the costs included in the direct cost statement, and it would also include the cost of waste management or compensation that the company must pay to citizens whose homes were affected by the project. Full Cost Statement. When a business plans a new venture, such as a construction project, a cost statement is an essential tool. Businesses use cost statements to analyze their options and determine the best course of action for new projects. There are two main types of cost statements: full cost statements and direct cost statements", "A direct cost statement is a cost statement that includes only those expenses that relate directly to the implementation of a project, such as the cost of labor and materials. A full cost statement, on the other hand, considers all costs associated with a particular venture, such as environmental or social expenses. Full Cost Statement. When a business plans a new venture, such as a construction project, a cost statement is an essential tool. Businesses use cost statements to analyze their options and determine the best course of action for new projects. There are two main types of cost statements: full cost statements and direct cost statement" ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_cost_statement", "http://www.ehow.com/how_7456137_prepare-cost-statement.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8362692_cost-statement.html", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cost-of-revenue.asp", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/cost-of-goods-sold-on-an-income-statement-definition-formula-quiz.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8362692_cost-statement.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/direct-cost-vs-full-cost-statement-33672.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/direct-cost-vs-full-cost-statement-33672.html" ] }

[]

[ "No", "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "All vertebrate animals, including humans, have a backbone and an internal skeleton. Our skeleton helps to give us our shape, helps us move, and protects soft body parts. While skeleton shape and structure vary greatly from animal to animal, all vertebrates have a skeleton. Invertebrates do not have vertebrae in them. Some, like lobsters or dragonflies, have an exoskeleton, a hard covering that functions similarly to the skeleton of a vertebrate. Some are shelled, like snails and oysters. ", "The oyster is a sessile (immobile) mollusc that is commonly found clinging onto shipwrecks, debris and harbour walls around the world. Oysters are bivalve molluscs meaning that they are closely related to other animals such as scallops, clams and mussels. ", "Cold-blooded animals depend on their surroundings to establish their body temperatures. Almost all animals fall into one of two groups. Adult vertebrates have a spinal column, or backbone, running the length of the body; invertebrates do not. Vertebrates are often larger and have more complex bodies than invertebrates. However, there are many more invertebrates than vertebrates. ", "In Uncategorized. Vertebrates are animals with a backbone (examples: humans, snakes, birds). They give birth alive and sometimes hatched Invertebrates are animals without a backbone … (examples: snails, starfish, worms). Invertebrates have no bones at all that they can move by using tentacles. Vertebrates: animals with backbone are called vertebrates. They fit into the definition o … f invertebrates because they do not have a spine or backbone. Additional interesting fact about oysters: The oyster is usually ambisexual.", "1. invertebrate-lacking a backbone or spinal column; worms are an example of invertebrate animals. spineless. zoological science, zoology-the branch of biology that studies animals. vertebrate-having a backbone or spinal column; fishes and amphibians and reptiles and birds and mammals are verbetrate animals. invertebrate. n. 1. (Zoology) any animal lacking a backbone, including all species not classified as vertebrates. adj. 2. (Zoology) of, relating to, or designating in", "1. Lacking a backbone or spinal column; not vertebrate. 2. Of or relating to invertebrates: invertebrate zoology. n. An animal, such as an insect or mollusk, that lacks a backbone or spinal column. invertebrate. n. 1. (Zoology) any animal lacking a backbone, including all species not classified as vertebrates. adj. 2. (Zoology) of, relating to, or designating in", "While skeleton shape and structure vary greatly from animal to animal, all vertebrates have a skeleton. Invertebrates do not have vertebrae in them. Some, like lobsters or dragonflies, have an exoskeleton, a hard covering that functions similarly to the skeleton of a vertebrate. Some are shelled, like snails and oysters. Others are soft, like jellyfish, octopus and slugs. ", "Yes, an oyster is a mollusk, a grouping with many various characteristics. Squid, clams, scallops, and starfish, etc. are also mollusks. They fit into the definition o … f invertebrates because they do not have a spine or backbone. Additional interesting fact about oysters: The oyster is usually ambisexual. It begins life as a male, then becomes a female, then changes back to being a male, then back to being female. A vertebrate i … s an animal that are a backbone, which affects its body shape. For example: we humans are vertebrates, so are cats, dogs, chimps, elephants, etc...", "Dogs are vertebrates. Vertebrate means to have a spinal column or backbone. All mammals are vertebrates. All corals, insects, worms, jellyfish, snails and starfish are inverte … brates because they have no backbone. They fit into the definition o … f invertebrates because they do not have a spine or backbone. Additional interesting fact about oysters: The oyster is usually ambisexual.", "An animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. A vertebrate i … s an animal that are a backbone, which affects its body shape. For example: we humans are vertebrates, so are cats, dogs, chimps, elephants, etc... While worms are not for example." ], "url": [ "http://www.dec.ny.gov/education/73629.html", "http://a-z-animals.com/animals/oyster/", "http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0768513.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_a_oyster_a_invertebrate_or_vertebrate", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/invertebrate", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/invertebrate", "http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/administration_pdf/lpvertebrates.pdf", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Are_oysters_vertebrates", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_a_oyster_a_invertebrate_or_vertebrate", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Are_oysters_vertebrates" ] }

[]

[ "Glycogen is the primary source of blood glucose used by the rest of the body for fuel." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 During anaerobic exercise, your body uses the glycogen stored in the muscle tissue. 2 This causes you to reach a point of muscle exhaustion when you do several sets of repetitive muscle training exercises. 3 Aerobic exercise utilizes the glycogen stored in your liver. ", "Glycogen in Tissues. Your liver and your muscle cells are the main storage tissues for glycogen. To store glycogen, your body produces an enzyme known as glycogenin. This enzyme enables the attachment of glucose molecules to muscle and liver cells, where they remain until your body requires them for fuel. Physical activity, including formal exercise, requires fuel for energy. Your body stores energy in the form of glycogen, a readily available fuel. The amount of glycogen in your body plays a major role in determining your level of endurance.", "Glycogen Use. Exercise can cause a slight drop in blood sugar, the amount of glucose circulating in your bloodstream. Your body responds to this slight decrease by producing two hormones: glucagon and epinephrine. Physical activity, including formal exercise, requires fuel for energy. Your body stores energy in the form of glycogen, a readily available fuel. The amount of glycogen in your body plays a major role in determining your level of endurance.", "Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. The polysaccharide structure represents the main storage form of glucose in the body. When it is needed for energy, glycogen is broken down and converted again to glucose. Glycogen phosphorylase is the primary enzyme of glycogen breakdown. For the next 8–12 hours, glucose derived from liver glycogen is the primary source of blood glucose used by the rest of the body for fuel.", "Confidence votes 7. GLYCOGEN is a stored form of energy produced in the liver Glycogen forms an energy reserve that can be quickly mobilized to meet a sudden need for GLUCOSE when needed by the body for physical activity etc. GlUCOSE is our bodys primary scource of energy. ", "Glycogen functions as the secondary long-term energy storage, with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue. Muscle glycogen is converted into glucose by muscle cells, and liver glycogen converts to glucose for use throughout the body including the central nervous system. When it is needed for energy, glycogen is broken down and converted again to glucose. Glycogen phosphorylase is the primary enzyme of glycogen breakdown. For the next 8–12 hours, glucose derived from liver glycogen is the primary source of blood glucose used by the rest of the body for fuel.", "Glycogen Replenishment. Glycogen, which is stored in the muscles, is the fuel source athletes must restore following strenuous training. Muscle glycogen is the predominant fuel source used during long bouts of aerobic exercise. In fact, aerobic performance is directly related to initial glycogen stores. ", "Aerobic Energy from Glycogen. During aerobic exercise, your body uses glycogen stored within your liver to produce energy. However, because aerobic exercise involves high levels of oxygen in your blood stream, lactate acid levels do not build up. Instead, the pyruvic acid is converted to energy. Glycogen Basics. Glycogen is a polysaccharide and the primary storage form of glucose in your body. Your diet supplies your body with an irregular supply of glucose from carbohydrates. Your body achieves a balance, overcoming the dietary peaks and valleys, by using stores of glycogen", "The glucose you don’t use is converted to glycogen and stored in your muscles and liver. Your body utilizes liver glycogen to keep your blood sugar levels up and muscle glycogen during high-intensity workouts. During aerobic exercise, you need oxygen to get energy from stored carbohydrates. Once your carbohydrates, or glycogen stores, are gone, your body relies on fat. Fat metabolism is a less efficient process, so your performance declines and fatigue takes over." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Restore-Glycogen", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/438810-how-is-glycogen-used-during-exercise/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/438810-how-is-glycogen-used-during-exercise/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_glycogen_used_during_exercise", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen", "http://www.todaysdietitian.com/newarchives/110413p18.shtml", "http://livewell.jillianmichaels.com/glycogen-increase-during-exercise-4250.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/487122-the-body-can-use-glycogen-as-an-energy-source-when-aerobic-exercise-lasts-how-long/" ] }

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[ "They were an ancient people who lived in South America." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "At its peak the Incas Empire lasted less than a century before it was destroyed by the Spaniards. In about 1300 the Incas founded their capital city of Cuzco. They were only a small tribe but they came to rule a vast empire including most of Peru and parts of Chile, Ecuador, Bolivia and northwest Argentina. ", "In about 1300 the Incas founded their capital city of Cuzco. They were only a small tribe but they came to rule a vast empire including most of Peru and parts of Chile, Ecuador, Bolivia and northwest Argentina. Well the incas were in the early 15 and they were not in a kingdom they were in a village and they did not have an empore but they did live near by Cuzco so your a little right but not that mutch and they did not live in 1532 they lived in 1509 - 1526 not 1532 They actually did live in 1532.", "The Incas were a pre-Columbian tribe that lived on the Andes mountains and spoke Quechua. The civilization had its capital in Cuzco, Peru. They were an ancient peo … ple, but had been subject to the regional powers during the entire history of South American urban cultures. In Incas. The Incas lived in Peru, spreading from what is now Chile to Quito(what is now Equador), nearly as big as the roman empire. Also they're national language was Quechua … Ke-chew-ah The Incas ruled a great empire in South America-but only for a short time.", "Cuzco was the center of the Incan empire. The Incas, an American Indian people, were originally a small tribe in the southern highlands of Peru. In less than a century, during the 1400s, they built one of the largest, most tightly controlled empires the world has ever known.", "The Inca lived in the Andes Mountains in South America. Their range stretched from southern Chile through Argentina, Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador and into southern Colombia. The Inca were very warlike and often attacked their neighbors to take their land. The Inca lived in stone houses varying in sizes. They were all built in the Andes on flat plateaus. Their temples, however, were built on circular mounds made by the Inca, sort of like a slanted cylinder. At the top there was a plateau.", "The Incas were a pre-Columbian tribe that lived on the Andes mountains and spoke Quechua. The civilization had its capital in Cuzco, Peru. They were an ancient peo … ple, but had been subject to the regional powers during the entire history of South American urban cultures. Well the incas were in the early 15 and they were not in a kingdom they were in a village and they did not have an empore but they did live near by Cuzco so your a little right but not that mutch and they did not live in 1532 they lived in 1509 - 1526 not 1532 They actually did live in 1532.", "The Incas were a civilization in South America formed by ethnic Quechua people also known as Amerindians. In 1400AD they were a small highland tribe, one hundred years later in early the early 16 th century the Incas rose to conquer and control the largest empire ever seen in the Americas forming the great Inca Empire. ", "The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, The Four Regions), also known as the Incan Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political, and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru.", "The Inca society was the society of the Inca civilization in South America. The Inca Empire, which was centred in what is now Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and southern Colombia and lasted from 1438 to 1533 AD, represented the height of this civilization. The Inca state was known as the Kingdom of Cusco before 1438. ", "The Incas were an ancient people who lived in South America. Their unique culture began to spread during the 12th century, and within 400 years, they controlled a larger territory than any other South American cultural group had ever controlled. " ], "url": [ "http://www.localhistories.org/inca.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_did_the_incas_live", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_did_the_Inca_live", "http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/globaltrek/destinations/popups/peru_history.htm", "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Wikijunior:Ancient_Civilizations/Incas", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_did_the_incas_live", "http://www.discover-peru.org/who-were-the-incas-where-did-the-incas-come-from/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_civilization", "http://www.wisegeek.org/who-are-the-incas.htm" ] }

[]

[ "Pleurisy" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Pleurisy is the commonest condition affecting the linings of the lungs. An inflammation of the pleura is known as pleurisy. The condition occurs when a virus or bacteria irritates the pleura leading to inflammation. Pleurisy may present itself as dry or wet variety. The covering of both the lungs is called Pleura. Anatomy: The pleura is a two layered structure namely the parietal and the visceral layers. The parietal layer lines the walls of the bony cage in the thorax and the upper surface of the big muscle called diaphragm that divides the chest cavity and the abdominal cavi", "Pleural innervation: It's true that the visceral layer of pleura has no sensory innervation. But the other layer of pleura -- the parietal pleura -- is continuous with the visceral one and lines the inside of the chest. This parietal pleura is richly innervated via intercostal and phrenic nerves, and is very painful when injured or inflamed. Ask anyone who's been awake while receiving a chest tube. ", "The two lungs and their pleural sacs are situated in the thoracic cavity (figs. 22-1 and 22-2). The pleura is a thin, glistening, slippery serous membrane, inflammation of which is called pleurisy. The pleura lines the thoracic wall and diaphragm, where it is known as the parietal pleura. It is reflected onto the lung, where it is called the visceral pleura. The visceral pleura covers the lung and dips into its fissures. The facing surfaces of the parietal and visceral pleurae slide smoothly against each other during respiration. Air in the pleural cavity (pneumothorax) results in collapse of the lung. The pleura is supplied by adjacent arteries and nerves and has numerous lymphatics. Irritation of the parietal pleura causes pain referred to the thoraco-abdominal wall (intercostal nerves) or to the shoulder (phrenic nerve).", "Pleurisy Pleurisy (also known as pleuritis) is characterized by chestpain that results from inflammation of the pleural surfaces fromany cause. The pain originates from the parietal pleura, whichderives most of its innervation from the intercostal nerves. ", "Pleural effusion occurs when too much fluid collects in the pleural space (the space between the two layers of the pleura). It is commonly known as water on the lungs.. It is characterized by shortness of breath, chest pain, gastric discomfort (dyspepsia), and cough. When either too much fluid forms or something prevents its removal, the result is an excess of pleural fluid—an effusion. The most common causes are disease of the heart or lungs, and inflammation or infection of the pleura. Pleural effusion itself is not a disease as much as a result of many different diseases.", "The outer pleural layer is known as the parietal pleura and lines the inside of the chest cavity around the lung. The inner pleural layer is attached to the lungs and is known as the visceral pleura. The pleural cavity is the space between the two pleural layers and it contains approximately 10 to 20ml of thin serous fluid known as the pleural fluid. However, the pain may radiate or refer to surrounding areas. 1 If the parietal pleura lying in the area of the upper six ribs is inflamed, it causes localized pain (upper chest pain). 2 When the pleura behind the lower ribs and outer parts of the diaphragm are inflamed, the pain may be referred to the upper abdomen.", "Tweet. Pleuritis is the term for inflammation of the pleura, the double layered lining around the lungs. Although the term pleuritis and pleurisy is used synonymously, pleurisy actually refers to any pain from the pleura (pleuritic pain). However, the pain may radiate or refer to surrounding areas. 1 If the parietal pleura lying in the area of the upper six ribs is inflamed, it causes localized pain (upper chest pain). 2 When the pleura behind the lower ribs and outer parts of the diaphragm are inflamed, the pain may be referred to the upper abdomen.", "Pleuritis, usually leads to formation of pleural adhesions between the parietal and visceral pleurae. In extreme cases, in chronic inflammation of the pleurae may cause the adhesion of the two layers, with subsequent thickening. Calcification of this thickened pleura is known. " ], "url": [ "http://www.desimd.com/know-your-body/respiratory-system/pleura-a-membrane-around-the-lungs", "https://www.healthtap.com/topics/visceral-vs-parietal-pain", "http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/part_4/chapter_22.html", "http://edmedia.emory.edu/GStaton/Pleura,%20Hila.pdf", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pleural+effusion", "http://www.healthhype.com/what-is-pleuritis-or-pleurisy-pleura-inflammation-pleuritic-pain.html", "http://www.healthhype.com/what-is-pleuritis-or-pleurisy-pleura-inflammation-pleuritic-pain.html", "http://www.oganatomy.org/projanat/gross/28/clinicalanatomy.htm" ] }

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[ "July 1st, 1942." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Westerbork Transit Camp More than 100,000 Jews in the Netherlands are deported to concentration camps from this camp located in the Dutch town of Westerbork, near the border with Germany.", "The Nazis set up transit camps in occupied lands. Examples of transit camps include Drancy in France, Mechelen in Belgium and Westerbork in the Netherlands. Jews were imprisoned in transit camps before being sent on to a concentration camp or deported to one of the six Nazi extermination camps in Poland. Westerbork was one such transit camp located in the north east of the Netherlands. The camp had originally been set up in October 1939 by the Dutch government.", "Westerbork became officially a transit camp (Durchgangslager Westerbork). On July 14, 1942, all the Jews were examined by the SS in order to determine who was able to work or not. The first train arrived on July 15th and left the camp on July 16th with 1,135 of the first selected Jews.", "O n July 1st, 1942, the German authorities took control of the camp. Westerbork became officially a transit camp (Durchgangslager Westerbork). On July 14th, 1942, all the Jews were examined by the SS in order to determine who was able to work or not. The first train arrived on July 15th and left the camp on July 16th with 1,135 of the first selected Jews.", "On 1 July 1942 Refugee camp Westerbork officially became Transit camp Westerbork sending 104,000 Dutch and German Jews and 250 Dutch Sinti and Roma making use of the regular rail service, mostly freightcars, to their death in extermination camps in Poland.", "A map of the Westerbork transit camp. Until July 1942, Westerbork was a refugee camp for Jews who had moved illegally to the Netherlands. After the Nazi conquest of Holland, it was expanded into a transit camp, where it operated until April of 1944. USHMM (08049), courtesy of Toni Heller.", "The barracks in cold anticipation On 1 July 1942 Refugee camp Westerbork officially became Transit camp Westerbork sending 104,000 Dutch and German Jews and 250 Dutch Sinti and Roma making use of the regular rail service, mostly freightcars, to their death in extermination camps in Poland." ], "url": [ "http://www.annefrank.org/en/Anne-Frank/Discovery-and-arrest/Deported-to-the-camps/To-Camp-Westerbork/", "http://www.theholocaustexplained.org/ks3/the-camps/types-of-camps/transit-camps/", "http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/Westerbork.html", "http://www.jewishgen.org/ForgottenCamps/Camps/WestEng.html", "https://www.fold3.com/page/286060429_westerbork_concentration_camp", "https://www.fold3.com/page/286060429_westerbork_concentration_camp", "http://www.holocaust-lestweforget.com/transit-camp-westerbork.html" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "• The United States spends nearly as much on military power as every other country in the world combined, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. get causes updates. The United States spends almost as much on the military as every other country in the world combined, according to Nicholas D. Kristof, writing in the The New York Times. America Outspends Every Other Country Worldwide Combined.", "The United States spends 58 percent of the total defense dollars paid out by the world's top 10 military powers, which combined for $1.19 trillion in military funding in 2011. With its unparalleled global reach, the US outspends China, the next-biggest military power, by nearly 6-to-1. ", "The $682 billion spent by the U.S. in 2012, according to the Office of Management and Budget, was more than the combined military spending of China, Russia, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Saudi Arabia, India, Germany, Italy and Brazil — which spent $652 billion, according to the SIPRI Military Expenditure Database. Budget cuts and troop reductions are on tap for the U.S. military — if Congress gives its approval. But the U.S. will still spend hundreds of billions of dollars on its armed forces per year, even with the proposed cutbacks.", "1,000 times. Maybe more. No other military or combination of militaries could even begin to inflict the slightest numbers of casualties on the United States military in a conventional war. Consider: The U.S. spends close to what the entire rest of the world spends in defense. $711 billion. Per year. The next closest is China at $143 billion. ", "0053_defense-comparison-full.gif. We currently spend more on defense than the next 7 countries combined. Defense spending accounts for almost 20 percent of all federal spending — nearly as much as Social Security, or the combined spending for Medicare and Medicaid. ", "The U.S. spent more on defense in 2012 than the countries with the next 10 highest budgets combined. CNBC. Budget cuts and troop reductions are on tap for the U.S. military — if Congress gives its approval. But the U.S. will still spend hundreds of billions of dollars on its armed forces per year, even with the proposed cutbacks.", "These are the countries with the highest military expenditures. 1. United States. The $619 billion military expenditure in the U.S. nearly outpaced the combined spending of every other country on this list in 2013. At the start of 2013, the U.S. had nearly 8,000 nuclear warheads in reserve. Since 2001, U.S. defense spending has risen from $287 billion to $530 billion. ", "The U.S. reduced their defense budget by 7.8 percent whereas Russia increased arms spending by $88 billion. For the first time in a decade, Russia devoted a larger share of its GDP to the armed forces than the US. China's healthy economic growth and steady military spending shows a more long-term defense policy. The following chart shows how the top 15 nations in defense expenditures rank: SIPRIThe share of world military expenditure of the 15 states with the highest expenditure in 2013.", "This article is a list of countries by military expenditure, the amount spent by a nation on its military in a given year. Military expenditure figures are presented in US$ based on either constant or current exchange rates. " ], "url": [ "http://www.care2.com/causes/u-s-military-spending-almost-equals-rest-of-the-world-combined.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/06/defense-spending-fact-of-the-day_n_1746685.html", "http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/military-spending-cuts/u-s-military-spending-dwarfs-rest-world-n37461", "https://www.military1.com/all/article/402211-how-much-stronger-is-the-us-military-compared-with-the-next-strongest-power/", "http://www.pgpf.org/Chart-Archive/0053_defense-comparison", "http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/military-spending-cuts/u-s-military-spending-dwarfs-rest-world-n37461", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2014/07/12/countries-spending-most-on-military/12491639/", "http://www.businessinsider.com/us-military-spending-chart-2014-4", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures" ] }

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[ "Flocculation is the process whereby smaller particles (inorganic and organic), water-stable soil aggregates, or flocs aggregate to form larger particles (flocs) in a flowing medium." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Flocculation, in the field of chemistry, is a process wherein colloids come out of suspension in the form of floc or flake; either spontaneously or due to the addition of a clarifying agent. Flocculation (in polymer science) : When a sol is colloidally unstable (I.e., the rate of aggregation is not negligible) then the formation of aggregates is called floculation or coagulation. Agglomeration (except in polymer science). Coagulation (except in polymer science). Flocculation (except in polymer science).", "Flocculation as seen by engineers Edit. Flocculation is a process where a solute comes out of solution in the form of floc or flakes.. The floc may then float to the top of the liquid, settle to the bottom of the liquid, or can be readily filtered from the liquid. The floc operation may be expedited by adding some chemicals.", "Flocculation is the process whereby smaller particles (inorganic and organic), water-stable soil aggregates, or flocs aggregate to form larger particles (flocs) in a flowing medium. ", "Flocculation is one step in the water and wastewater treatment process. In a flocculation tank, the water is stirred or otherwise moved around so that the particles move around, bump into other particles, and stick to one another. The limit flocculation is the amount of an antibody (measured in international units) which equilibrates the antigen present such that the antigen-antibody complexes preci … pitate (flocculate : asexual aggregation of microorganisms.).", "Flocculation. Flocculation or floculation is a significant process widely utilized in water treatment operations, including purification of drinking water, sewage water treatment, storm water treatment and treatment of various other industrial wastewater streams. News and Events. Flocculation", "The gathering together of fine particles in water by gentle mixing after the addition of coagulant chemicals to form larger particles-Source. Links. Flocculation from Wikipedia: Flocculation is a process where a solute comes out of solution in the form of floc or flakes. The action differs from precipitation in that the solute coming out of solution does so at a concentration generally below the one of its solubility limit in the liquid. ", "Flocculation is a physical and chemical process which is used for the removal of the visible sediments and material from water which makes it a colloidal solution. It can be done through agitation or by adding flocculating agents. ", "How Flocculation Works. Flocculation occurs when small particles in a solution lose their repelling forces and begin to attract one another. The small particles then bond together to form “flocs” or “flakes.” Under most circumstances, a flocculant is necessary to begin the flocculation process. Flocculation is when microscopic particles bind together to form larger particles in liquids.", "Post 12. Flocculation refers to the separation of a solution.. My understanding is that it refers to a process by which small particles-possibly microscopic ones-clump together to form bigger particles. Adorable animal families that will make you aww. Flocculation refers to the separation of a solution and most commonly, this word is used to describe the removal of a sediment from a fluid. In addition to occurring naturally, it can also be forced through agitation or the addition of flocculating agents." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flocculation", "http://chemistry.wikia.com/wiki/Flocculation", "http://www.ecmi.us/infowindows/what_is_flocculation.asp", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_flocculation", "http://www.thewatertreatmentplants.com/flocculation.html", "http://www.oilgae.com/ref/glos/flocculation.html", "http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/physical-chemistry/flocculation.html", "http://www.tech-faq.com/flocculation.html", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-flocculation.htm" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For weight loss purposes it is recommended that you take 250 mg of the dietary supplement twice a day. Make sure the supplement’s label states it contains a minimum of 10% of active forskolin.", "Both major human studies that have been conducted on the weight loss potential of Forskolin have used 10% extracts 1,2. This is why Dr. Oz recommended 10%. The fact is, higher concentrations simply have not been studied in relation to weight loss.", "Most recently, Dr. Oz promoted a supplement called forskolin to blast belly fat. Here are five reasons why the natural supplement can work for you. Forskolin Is Natural. About 15 percent of Americans use a dietary supplement for weight loss, according to the Journal of the American Dietetic Association.", "The recommended dose is 125mg of forskolin before breakfast daily. It is recommended that you take one dietary supplement at a time for 2 weeks each. This way you know which supplement does work for you and which does not.", "1. Must Contain 20% Forskolin Extract. 20% pure and potent Forskolin extract is the golden standard in the industry. A lot of brands in the market only contain 10% or 15% and sadly, no matter what promises that brand make, it won’t work for weight loss. If a product does not contain 20% Forskolin, then forget about it. 2.", "20% pure and potent Forskolin extract is the golden standard in the industry. A lot of brands in the market only contain 10% or 15% and sadly, no matter what promises that brand make, it won’t work for weight loss. If a product does not contain 20% Forskolin, then forget about it. 2.", "Forskolin is a natural supplement for weight loss. Weight has become a common all over the world with researchers showing that more people are becoming overweight everyday because of leading unhealthy lifestyle.", "Being a natural supplement for weight loss, there are many people that are interested in knowing how Forskolin work. This is because natural supplements provide the most effective and safe way to lose weight.", "How does forskolin supplement cause the body to lose weight? According to researchers, forskolin works by promoting the breakdown of fats stored in human and animal fat cells. Additionally, forskolin causes the adipose or fatty tissues within the body to release fatty acids." ], "url": [ "http://www.theforskolin.net/", "http://www.aprovenproduct.com/l/forskolin?t=by.forskolin.1", "http://www.ibtimes.com/forskolin-supplement-5-reasons-dr-oz-approved-supplement-can-blast-belly-fat-440214", "http://www.theforskolinexperiment.com/", "http://forskolindr-oz.com/", "http://forskolindr-oz.com/", "http://scienceuniverse101.blogspot.com/2012/03/how-does-forskolin-help-you-loose.html", "http://scienceuniverse101.blogspot.com/2012/03/how-does-forskolin-help-you-loose.html", "http://www.theforskolin.net/" ] }

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[ "$10,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Of course, a single DUI won’t cost you anywhere near that much. But getting caught driving under the influence can be an expensive. Costs vary state by state, but you could spend about $4,000-$5,000 on fines, impound fees, a DUI treatment program, insurance increases and other things—and that’s before you hire a lawyer. Legal Consequences.", "Legal fees and other costs can range from a few thousand dollars to as much as $50,000 or more. Cost in Dollars ($5,000 - $10,000 average): Bail: $150 - $2,500 (cost of bond is usually 10-15%) Attorney Fees: $800 - $5,000 for first offense ($15,000-$50,000 when injury or death is caused). 1 Bail: $150 - $2,500 (cost of bond is usually 10-15%). 2 Attorney Fees: $800 - $5,000 for first offense ($15,000-$50,000 when injury or death is caused). 3 Call a DUI lawyer for a free consultation to find out what your legal fee and other costs will be. 4 Cost of Expert Witness: $2,500-$5,000 (if needed).", "The True Cost of a DUI. Added together all of these DUI-related costs mean you should be ready to pay an estimated $45,435 for a DUI. Keep in mind that this is an estimated minimum for a first-time offense. There is a very good chance you could end up paying more and the number will just keep increasing after each violation. Share Tweet. Committing a DUI in California could cost you over $45,000. Most of us are well aware of the dangers of drinking and driving. The exponentially increased risk of hurting yourself and others in an accident should be more than enough to deter everyone from driving under the influence (DUI).", "The average cost of a first time DUI in any jurisdiction or state typically averages around $10,000, and in state of California, according to the California Drivers Handbook warnings, these costs will likely be more. ", "Conclusion: We estimate that the average cost for a non-injury, non-property damage DUI is between $5,000 and $12,000. Keep in mind that our numbers are on the conservative side. 1 If required, you'll pay an installation fee ($100) and monthly rental fee of approximately $50 to $100 per month. 2 Average time for first offense is 3 months though many states require longer periods. 3 Figure this cost between $0 and $325. 4 Increased Insurance costs", "Most people pay less than $20 for a 12 pack of beer. That's more than sufficient, if the beer is drunk over a few hours, to fuel you with 1600 calories (assuming it's Lite Beer) and to raise your blood alcohol way, way above .08% -- the borderline for committing a DUI in all fifty states. 1 If required, you'll pay an installation fee ($100) and monthly rental fee of approximately $50 to $100 per month. 2 Average time for first offense is 3 months though many states require longer periods. 3 Figure this cost between $0 and $325. 4 Increased Insurance cost", "1 Increased Insurance costs. 2 After a DUI, you'll be categorized by your insurance company as a high-risk driver. 3 Most insurance companies will raise rates at least $1,000 - $1500 or more annually. 4 This high-risk requirement typically continues for three years, after which the rates drop back down. 1 If required, you'll pay an installation fee ($100) and monthly rental fee of approximately $50 to $100 per month. 2 Average time for first offense is 3 months though many states require longer periods. 3 Figure this cost between $0 and $325. 4 Increased Insurance costs", "1 If convicted of DUI/DWI charges, fines and other penalties can run $300-$1,2000 or more; auto insurance rates can go up as much as 450 percent; and having your car towed and stored can cost $75-$250 or more. 2 You might also be required to attend DUI/DWI school at a cost of $100-$400. 1 A DUI/DWI attorney may charge a flat fee or an hourly rate of $100-$300 or more. 2 Some accept credit cards, and can be hired over the telephone. 3 A lawyer charging on an hourly basis deducts the hourly rate from the retainer as the work is done.", "We get asked all the time how much it will cost to hire a DUI attorney in Chicago. In our experience, it should cost you at least $1,500. If it costs less, you may not be getting the proper case evaluation, or the most thorough representation. In many cases, it will cost you more. If convicted of a DUI, you will probably have to pay a fine. In Illinois, the fine can be $2,500 for a first offense. Towing, court fees, etc. You'll get hit with various fees and costs." ], "url": [ "http://well.wvu.edu/articles/the_high_cost_of_drinking_and_driving", "http://www.1888drugcrimes.com/articles/cost-of-DUI-arrest.htm", "http://www.dmv.org/articles/real-cost-of-dui-in-california/", "http://www.drunkdrivinglawyers.com/resources/dui-dwi/dui-resources/the-average-cost-of-dui-in-california", "http://dui.drivinglaws.org/resources/how-much-does-a-first-offense-dui-cost.htm", "http://dui.drivinglaws.org/resources/how-much-does-a-first-offense-dui-cost.htm", "http://dui.drivinglaws.org/resources/how-much-does-a-first-offense-dui-cost.htm", "http://personalfinance.costhelper.com/dui-attorney.html", "http://www.chicagonow.com/chicagos-real-law-blog/2010/08/what-does-a-dui-really-cost/" ] }

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[ "It is a solid cylindrical rod, usually made of wood, plastic, or metal." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Noun. 1. dowel-a fastener that is inserted into holes in two adjacent pieces and holds them together. dowel pin, joggle. fastening, holdfast, fastener, fixing-restraint that attaches to something or holds something in place. dowel. n. 1. (Building) a wooden or metal peg that fits into two corresponding holes to join two adjacent parts. Also called: dowel pin. [C14: from Middle Low German doevel dövel, plug From Old High german; tubili related To greek thuphos]. wedge", "Full Definition of DOWEL. 1. : a pin fitting into a hole in an abutting piece to prevent motion or slipping; also: a round rod or stick used especially for cutting up into dowels. 2. : a piece of wood driven into a wall so that other pieces can be nailed to it. See dowel defined for English-language learners. Definition of DOWEL for Kids. : a pin or peg used for fastening together two pieces of wood.", "In a cross dowel application, the two pieces of wood are aligned and a bolt hole is drilled through one piece of wood and into the other. A dowel hole is drilled laterally across the bolt hole and the cross dowel is inserted into it. To make a dowel, a piece of wood is split or whittled to a size slightly bigger than desired and then driven through the hole in the dowel plate. The sharp edges of the hole shear off the excess wood.", "A dowel is a solid cylindrical rod, usually made of wood, plastic, or metal. In its original manufactured form, a dowel is called a dowel rod. To make a dowel, a piece of wood is split or whittled to a size slightly bigger than desired and then driven through the hole in the dowel plate. The sharp edges of the hole shear off the excess wood.", "Saw to a depth and length that allows the center of the dowel to be placed at mid-depth in the pavement slab. Saw slots parallel to each other and to the centerline of the roadway with a maximum tolerance of 1⁄4-inch per 12 inches of dowel bar length. Complete installation of retrofit dowels, with dowel bars and backfill placed prior to reopening the lane to public traffic. Place silicone at all joints and cracks followed by the dowel bar assemblies in each slot. Following that, place patching material and then consolidate and finish patching material.", "Top 10 amazing movie makeup transformations. A dowel is a type of round pin which is used to attach things to each other. Dowels can also be used to make things like racks, curtain rods, and so forth" ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dowel", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dowel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowel_bar_retrofit", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-dowel.htm" ] }

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[ "Kiwi, pineapple and papaya." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Meat Tenderizing Enzymes. As the name implies, these enzymes are used to treat tough cuts of meat and make them more acceptable to consumers. In addition to beef, pork, and chicken, these enzymes can also be used on seafood such as squid or clams.", "You can rub meats with acidic fruit such as Kiwifruit or lemon immediately prior to cooking, or you can marinade the meat in a covered and refrigerated bowl or plastic b … ag with similar fruits and/or, wine, vinegar, herbs and spices.", "A proper marinade should contain an acidic ingredient such as vinegar or wine, oil such as olive oil, and seasonings such as herbs and spices. Citrus fruit juices may be used in place of the vinegar or wine to provide the acidic ingredient that is necessary to soften the tissues of the meat.", "Tenderize your meat with slices of kiwi. Photo Credit Jupiterimages/Comstock/Getty Images. You can turn tough, cheap meat cuts into juicy, tender bites by using fruit as a meat tenderizer. Kiwi, pineapple and papaya all contain enzymes that break down protein molecules, necessary to tenderize tough meat cuts.", "Even the toughest cuts of meat, from chuck roasts to pork shoulders, can be turned into succulent, juicy meals with the right methods. You can tenderize meat in a variety of ways--from the use of mechanics like meat mallets, to the employment of heat, or the breakdown of enzymes with fruit. 1 Total time (Using Tools): 5 minutes.", "The two most often used meat tenderizing enzymes are Papain and Bromelain. Both are derived from plant sources. These are the papaya fruit and the pineapple plant. To a much lesser extent, Ficin, derived from fig tree latex is also used.", "Indigenous populations around the world have used fruit to tenderize their meat in traditional recipes. You can make a modern version of folk dishes by marinating or cooking your meat with fruit and adding your favorite herbs and spices." ], "url": [ "http://www.enzymedevelopment.com/applications/tenderizer/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_fruit_contains_an_enzyme_that_is_used_as_a_meat_tenderizer", "http://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--351/tenderizing-beef.asp", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/503920-how-to-make-meat-tender-with-fruit/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Tenderize-Meat", "http://www.enzymedevelopment.com/applications/tenderizer/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/503920-how-to-make-meat-tender-with-fruit/" ] }

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[ "Leptospira Hardjo (found in cattle) and Leptospira Icterhaemorragiae." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "There are many different types of Leptospira bacteria, the most common in the UK being Leptospira Hardjo (found in cattle) and Leptospira Icterhaemorragiae (found in rats). Weil's Disease is a more severe form of Leptospirosis and is extremely rare in the UK.", "Get your pet vaccinated against leptospirosis. The vaccine does not provide 100% protection. This is because there are many strains (types) of leptospires (the bacteria that causes Leptospirosis), and the vaccine does not provide immunity against all strains.", "Leptospirosis: Types list. The list of types of Leptospirosis mentioned in various sources includes: 1 Cane-field fever. 2 Hasami fever. 3 Pretibial fever. 4 Weil's syndrome. 5 Stuttgart disease. 6 Mud fever. 7 Nanukayami. 8 Swine-herd's disease.", "Leptospirosis is a disease caused by spiral-shaped bacteria called leptospires. It can affect people as well as many wild and domestic animals, including dogs. The bacteria thrive in moist environments and in water. It can be spread through the urine of infected animals.", "The bacteria that cause leptospirosis are spread through the urine of infected animals, which can get into water or soil and can survive there for weeks to months. Many different kinds of wild and domestic animals carry the bacterium. These can include, but are not limited to: 1 Cattle.", "Leptospirosis is a disease of worldwide significance that infects both animals and humans. The scientific name of the infecting organism is Leptospira interrogans sensu lato. Within this species there are many different strains (serovars).", "The list of types of Leptospirosis mentioned in various sources includes: 1 Cane-field fever. 2 Hasami fever. 3 Pretibial fever. 4 Weil's syndrome. 5 Stuttgart disease. 6 Mud fever. 7 Nanukayami.", "Rodents can carry and spread the bacteria. Get your pet vaccinated against leptospirosis. The vaccine does not provide 100% protection. This is because there are many strains (types) of leptospires, and the vaccine does not provide immunity against all strains." ], "url": [ "http://www.exeter.ac.uk/staff/wellbeing/oh/guidanceandadvice/leptospirosisweilsdisease/", "http://www.cdc.gov/leptospirosis/pets/prevention/index.html", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/l/leptospirosis/subtypes.htm", "http://www.doh.wa.gov/YouandYourFamily/IllnessandDisease/AnimalTransmittedDiseases/CanineLeptospirosis", "http://www.cdc.gov/leptospirosis/infection/index.html", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2102&aid=454", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/l/leptospirosis/subtypes.htm", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=22+2022&aid=3347" ] }

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[ "Type of birth defect called a neural tube defect." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Spina bifida occulta is the mildest type of spina bifida. It is sometimes called “hidden” spina bifida. With it, there is a small gap in the spine, but no opening or sac on the back. The spinal cord and the nerves usually are normal. Many times, spina bifida occulta is not discovered until late childhood or adulthood.", "Spina bifida is part of a group of birth defects called neural tube defects. The neural tube is the embryonic structure that eventually develops into the baby's brain and spinal cord and the tissues that enclose them.", "Spina bifida (“cleft spine”) is a birth defect affecting the spinal column. Spina bifida progresses from a cleft, or splitlike opening, in the back part of the backbones (the spinal vertebrae). In more severe cases, it involves the spinal cord.", "Spina bifida is a type of birth defect called a neural tube defect. It occurs when the bones of the spine (vertebrae) don't form properly around part of the baby's spinal cord. Spina bifida can be mild or severe. 1 The mild form is the most common. 2 It usually doesn't cause problems or need treatment.", "Spina bifida is a birth defect in which an area of the spinal column doesn’t form properly, leaving a section of the spinal cord and spinal nerves exposed through an opening in the back. Myelomeningocele (MMC), the most common and serious form of spina bifida, may be treated before birth with fetal surgery.", "Spina bifida is a congenital malformation in which there is something wrong with the bone in the vertebral column, exposing the spinal cord which should be protected within the vertebral column. It is caused by the incomplete closing of the embryonic neural tube. Congenital malformation means a birth defect." ], "url": [ "http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/spinabifida/facts.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spina-bifida/basics/definition/CON-20035356", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/spina_bifida/article_em.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/tc/spina-bifida-topic-overview", "http://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/spina-bifida", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/220424.php" ] }

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[ "Fruit, nuts, seeds, rice cakes and peanut butter." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "What You Can Eat. That depends on your blood type. Here's what D'Adamo recommends for each type: Type O blood: A high-protein diet heavy on lean meat, poultry, fish, and vegetables, and light on grains, beans, and dairy. D'Adamo also recommends various supplements to help with tummy troubles and other issues he says people with type O tend to have. No. Exercise: The Blood Type Diet recommends exercises based on your blood type. For instance, it suggests yoga or tai chi for type A’s, and vigorous aerobic exercises like jogging or biking for up to an hour a day for type O’s.", "If you have type A blood and suffer from diabetes, hypothyroidism, obsessive-compulsive disorder or are overweight, naturopath Peter D'Adamo says that you're probably eating foods that aren't compatible with your blood type. In his book, Eat Right 4 Your Type, D'Adamo claims that people with type A blood are descended from ancient Asian and Middle Eastern farmers. By following a diet that mirrors what their ancestors ate, D'Adamo says type A individuals will be healthier and thinner.", "Blood Type A Menu. On the blood type diet, a good breakfast if you're type A is whole-grain cereal, such as steel-cut oatmeal, along with fresh mixed fruit. Typical snacks for type A are foods such as fruit, nuts, seeds, rice cakes and peanut butter. For lunch, it's typical to have a large, hearty salad with lots of fresh vegetables. The Blood Type Diet Premise. D’Adamo theorizes that your blood type provides a distinctive marker for which foods are best for you, based on the diet of your ancestors with the same blood type. This means a nutritious diet for one blood type may include different foods than a nutritious diet for another", "People with type B positive blood shouldn't eat ketchup. Not all blood types are the same. There are four types of blood, A, B, AB and O, and the presence or absence of certain antigens is what determines your blood type, according to the American Red Cross. Based on these differences, Dr. Peter D’Adamo created the Blood Type Diet, which is often called the Eat Right For Your Type Diet. If you have type B positive blood, there are certain foods that D'Adamo recommends you avoid to achieve and maintain good health. ", "The antigens present in blood determine the blood type of a person. Antigens, A and B are present on the blood cell's surface and works as markers in the body. People with blood type o positive have an Rh antigen as well as A and B antigens present in the plasma. Type O is the most common blood type and is often sought out for blood donation as well because type O blood can be donated to people of any blood types without fear of rejection. O Positive Blood Type Diet. Many people wonder whether personality is influenced by blood type or not. Well, the blood group you belong to can give a lot of insight about you. Different lectins present in supplements and foods stimulate your cells based on your blood group.", "Blood Types and the Population. O positive is the most common blood type. Not all ethnic groups have the same mix of these blood types. Hispanic people, for example, have a relatively high number of O’s, while Asian people have a relatively high number of B’s. The mix of the different blood types in the U.S. population is:", "D'Adamo recommends that people with type A blood eat plenty of fish, including salmon, sea or rainbow trout, red snapper, cod and mackerel. Chicken and poultry can be eaten up to two times a week, but D'Adamo says to avoid all beef, pork, game meats and shellfish. In his book, Eat Right 4 Your Type, D'Adamo claims that people with type A blood are descended from ancient Asian and Middle Eastern farmers. By following a diet that mirrors what their ancestors ate, D'Adamo says type A individuals will be healthier and thinner.", "D'Adamo claims that the foods you eat react chemically with your blood type. If you follow a diet designed for your blood type, your body will digest food more efficiently. You'll lose weight, have more energy, and help prevent disease. No. Exercise: The Blood Type Diet recommends exercises based on your blood type. For instance, it suggests yoga or tai chi for type A’s, and vigorous aerobic exercises like jogging or biking for up to an hour a day for type O’s.", "Foods to Avoid. If you’re trying to follow the Blood Type Diet, D'Adamo also lists foods that are not beneficial for each of the blood types. If you have type-A blood, stay out of the meat and dairy sections of the store. These protein-rich foods are on the “avoid” list for Type A’s. Poultry and eggs should be avoided, too. Animal foods are said to slow the metabolism of people with type A blood", "Pumpkin seeds and peanuts are good for blood type A individuals, says D'Adamo, as are beans and legumes like lentils, black-eyed peas, red soybeans, black beans and pinto beans. Type A people are warned to avoid pistachios, cashews and beans such as navy, red, garbanzo or kidney beans. In his book, Eat Right 4 Your Type, D'Adamo claims that people with type A blood are descended from ancient Asian and Middle Eastern farmers. By following a diet that mirrors what their ancestors ate, D'Adamo says type A individuals will be healthier and thinner." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/diet/a-z/blood-type-diet", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/list-foods-good-type-blood-9692.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/226230-diet-for-blood-type-a-positive/", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/types-foods-avoid-b-positive-blood-type-9805.html", "http://www.enkivillage.com/o-positive-blood-type-diet.html", "http://www.redcrossblood.org/learn-about-blood/blood-types", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/list-foods-good-type-blood-9692.html", "http://www.webmd.com/diet/a-z/blood-type-diet", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/466981-blood-type-a-grocery-list-of-very-beneficial-foods/", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/list-foods-good-type-blood-9692.html" ] }

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