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[ "120°" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "4 Cover the grill and cook until the temperature of the interior of the tri-tip reaches 120°F for a rare roast, 130°F for medium-rare and 140°F for medium. At this point the meat will take anywhere from 20 to 40 minutes to cook, depending on how hot your grill is, how well done you want it, and the size of the cut. 1 1 tri-tip roast, also known as triangle steak, a bottom sirloin cut (anywhere from 2 1/2 pounds to 4 pounds), look for one well-marbled with fat.", "3) Light the grill and bring to medium heat (between 350 – 375 degrees). Preheat for 7-8 minutes. This is the ideal heat to cook the tri tip fully in 35-40 minutes, depending on the size of the roast. 4) Place the meat fat side up in between the burners. 7) Cook for 15-20 minutes, then check to see if the roast “bounces” off the grill; as beef cooks, it gets denser (or firmer). If it bounces, check the temperature with a meat thermometer. Make sure you check right in the middl", "6. Test the meat after 30 minutes with a meat thermometer. Remove it from the grill when it is 135 degrees (medium rare) or 150 degrees Fahrenheit (medium). The tri-tip cut will start to get tough if you cook to a higher temperature than this. ", "Preparation. Brush tri tip roast with oil. Combine salt, sugar, garlic, chili powder and black pepper and rub evenly over the surface of the meat, cover with plastic wrap. Set aside. Prepare smoker for a cooking temperature around 225 to 250 degrees F/110 to 120 degrees C for 2 to 3 hours. ", "Check out our video about grilling a tri tip roast and see the extra notes below…. Here is a recap of the video (extra notes in blue): 1) Before you light up the grill, take the tri tip roast out of the fridge and bring it to room temperature (or about 70 degrees). This evens out the temperature throughout the roast which will help the roast cook evenly (in other words, you don’t have to burn the outside to cook the deep middle of the roast). 7) Cook for 15-20 minutes, then check to see if the roast “bounces” off the grill; as beef cooks, it gets denser (or firmer). If it bounces, check the temperature with a meat thermometer. Make sure you check right in the middle of the roast.", "Remove the meat from the marinade and pat the extra marinade off with paper towels. Place your tri-tip on a low-temperature spot on the grill, once your grill is ready. Grill your tri-tip, turning it occasionally with grilling tongs, until it is medium-rare---about 35 to 40 minutes. The tri-tip's internal temperature should be 135 degrees F when you cook it, which is just below medium-rare. Remove the tri-tip from the grill onto a platter. Let it rest for 15 to 20 minutes. During this time, the tri-tip's internal temperature will continue to rise 5 to 10 degrees F, cooking it to medium-rare. Prepare your barbecue grill while your tri-tip is coming up to temperature. If you are using a charcoal grill, rake the coals slightly to one side of the grill so that you will have a low-temperature spot, away from the flames, where you can cook your tri-tip.", "Set aside for about 30 minutes. Preheat grill. Preheat grill to a high temperature. Place tri-tip on the hot grill and sear the surface for about two minutes per side. Move away from the high temperature or reduce to a low fire and continue cooking until done. ", "Tri-tip roasts range from 2 1/2 pounds to 4 pounds. Figure on 1/2 pound of meat (before cooking) per person. A Santa Maria rub has salt, pepper, and either garlic salt or garlic powder. That's the base of the rub, anything beyond that is optional. 1 1 tri-tip roast, also known as triangle steak, a bottom sirloin cut (anywhere from 2 1/2 pounds to 4 pounds), look for one well-marbled with fat.", "Lets start with the stuff you'll need: Gas Grill Cooking tri tip roast on a gas grill is simple if the grill has at least two burners, and can maintain 350-375°F/177-191°C. Use an oven thermometer to assure an accurate reading. The one included on the grill is not accurate enough for good barbecue results. For the best cooking results, let it come to room temperature for 1-3 hours. 1 Tri tip is very lean, so leave the fat cap (about 1/4) to ensure a more flavorful roast. 2 If your tri tip has a heavy fat layer, trim it to 1/4. 3 Apply the rub liberally! 4 You can cook it immediately, or let it sit for up to an hour." ], "url": [ "http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/santa_maria_style_tri_tip/", "http://thetritipguy.com/how-to-grill-tri-tip-2/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-a-Tri-Tip-Roast", "http://bbq.about.com/od/tri_tip_recipes/r/Smoked-Tri-Tip-Roast.htm", "http://thetritipguy.com/how-to-grill-tri-tip-2/", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4894743_cook-tritip-bbq.html", "http://bbq.about.com/od/beefrecipes/r/bl80615a.htm", "http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/santa_maria_style_tri_tip/", "http://www.the-greatest-barbecue-recipes.com/tri-tip-roast.html" ] }

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[ "25 mg IM every 2 weeks." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "RISPERDAL® adjunctive therapy with lithium or valproate is indicated for the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder. Efficacy was established in one short-term trial in adults [see Clinical Studies ]. RISPERDAL® can be administered once or twice daily. Initial dosing is 2 mg per day. May increase the dose at intervals of 24 hours or greater, in increments of 1 to 2 mg per day, as tolerated, to a recommended dose of 4 to 8 mg per day. In some patients, slower titration may be appropriate.", "Elderly people, or those with liver or kidney disease, should be started at a lower dose (risperidone 0.5 mg twice daily). The recommended Risperdal dose for treating bipolar disorder in children age 10 to 17 years old is Risperdal 0.5 mg once daily. Your child's healthcare provider may slowly increase the Risperdal dose if necessary. Risperidone Dosing for Schizophrenia. The recommended starting risperidone dose for schizophrenia in adults is risperidone 1 mg twice daily (or risperidone 2 mg once daily). Usually, the dose can be increased slowly in the next few days, up to risperidone 3 mg twice daily (or 6 mg once daily) by the third day.", "Risperidone Dosing for Bipolar Disorder. The recommended starting risperidone dose for bipolar disorder in adults is risperidone 2 mg to 3 mg once daily. Your healthcare provider may increase your dose up to a maximum of risperidone 6 mg once daily if necessary. Risperidone Dosing for Schizophrenia. The recommended starting risperidone dose for schizophrenia in adults is risperidone 1 mg twice daily (or risperidone 2 mg once daily). Usually, the dose can be increased slowly in the next few days, up to risperidone 3 mg twice daily (or 6 mg once daily) by the third day.", "RISPERDAL® is indicated for the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder. Efficacy was established in 2 short-term trials in adults and one short-term trial in children and adolescents (ages 10 to 17 years) [see Clinical Studies ]. RISPERDAL® can be administered once or twice daily. Initial dosing is 2 mg per day. May increase the dose at intervals of 24 hours or greater, in increments of 1 to 2 mg per day, as tolerated, to a recommended dose of 4 to 8 mg per day. In some patients, slower titration may be appropriate.", "Specifically, Risperdal may be used to treat schizophrenia in adolescents aged 13-17 and for the short-term treatment of manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder in children and adolescents aged 10-17. Bipolar disorder I refers to recurrent episodes of mania and depression. ", "Schizophrenia. RISPERDAL® (risperidone) is indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia. Efficacy was established in 4 short-term trials in adults, 2 short-term trials in adolescents (ages 13 to 17 years), and one long-term maintenance trial in adults [see Clinical Studies ]. RISPERDAL® can be administered once or twice daily. Initial dosing is 2 mg per day. May increase the dose at intervals of 24 hours or greater, in increments of 1 to 2 mg per day, as tolerated, to a recommended dose of 4 to 8 mg per day. In some patients, slower titration may be appropriate.", "1 The maximum dose should not exceed 50 mg Risperdal Consta every 2 weeks. 2 Bipolar Disorder. 3 The recommended dose for monotherapy or adjunctive therapy to lithium or valproate for the maintenance treatment of Bipolar I Disorder is 25 mg IM every 2 weeks. 4 Some patients may benefit from a higher dose of 37.5 mg or 50 mg. 1 It is also used to treat manic or mixed episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder. 2 Risperidone also is used to treat behavioral symptoms associated with autism. 3 This medication may be prescribed for other uses. 4 Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information." ], "url": [ "http://www.rxlist.com/risperdal-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://bipolar-disorder.emedtv.com/risperidone/risperidone-dosing.html", "http://bipolar-disorder.emedtv.com/risperidone/risperidone-dosing.html", "http://www.rxlist.com/risperdal-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/news/20070822/fda-oks-risperdal-for-kids-and-teens", "http://www.rxlist.com/risperdal-drug/indications-dosage.htm", "http://www.rxwiki.com/risperidone" ] }

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[ "They convert energy from one form to another." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many. ", "Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger and have a slightly different shape and composition than those found in prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic ribosomes, for instance, have about twice the amount of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and one third more ribosomal proteins (~83 vs. 53) than prokaryotic ribosomes have. A cell is defined as eukaryotic if it has a membrane-bound nucleus. Any organism composed of eukaryotic cells is also considered a eukaryotic organism. Case in point: You. Biologists do not know of any single organism on Earth that is composed of both eukaryotic and", "1 Plasma Membrane: All cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, have a plasma membrane, made mainly of phospholipids and proteins, which functions as a barrier, regulating the movement of materials between the inside and the outside of the cell. 1 Cell Wall: The cells of plants, algae and fungi have thick, protective cell walls, which provide support, help maintain the shape of the cell, and prevent the cell from taking in too much fresh water and bursting.", "No, really. In eukaryotic cells, the first stage of this process takes place in the nucleus and consists of specific portions of the DNA, called genes, being copied, or transcribed, into small strands of ribonucleic acid, or RNA. RNA containing a copy, or transcript, of DNA is called messenger RNA, or mRNA. A cell is defined as eukaryotic if it has a membrane-bound nucleus. Any organism composed of eukaryotic cells is also considered a eukaryotic organism. Case in point: You. Biologists do not know of any single organism on Earth that is composed of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.", "Organelles are specialized membrane-enclosed structures in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. The nucleus, which contains DNA in the form of chromosomes, is the most characteristic eukaryotic organelle. The nuclear envelope is connected to a system of membranes in the; cytoplasm called the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ", "Prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller and have a slightly different shape and composition than those found in eukaryotic cells. Bacterial ribosomes, for instance, have about half of the amount of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and one third fewer ribosomal proteins (53 vs. ~83) than eukaryotic ribosomes have. Some prokaryotic cells also have other structures like the cell wall, pili (singular pillus), and flagella (singular flagellum). Each of these structures and cellular components plays a critical role in the growth, survival, and reproduction of prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells can have multiple plasma membranes.", "In addition to the nucleus, eukaryotic cells may contain several other types of organelles, which may include mitochondria, chloroplasts, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Each of these organelles performs a specific function critical to the cell's survival. Moreover, nearly all eukaryotic organelles are separated from the rest of the cellular space by a membrane, in much the same way that interior walls separate the rooms in a house. Within eukaryotic cells, mitochondria function somewhat like batteries, because they convert energy from one form to another: food nutrients to ATP. Accordingly, cells with high metabolic needs can meet their higher energy demands by increasing the number of mitochondria they contain.", "Eukaryotic cells — those that make up cattails and apple trees, mushrooms and dust mites, halibut and readers of Scitable — have evolved ways to partition off different functions to various locations in the cell. In fact, specialized compartments called organelles exist within eukaryotic cells for this purpose. Within eukaryotic cells, mitochondria function somewhat like batteries, because they convert energy from one form to another: food nutrients to ATP. Accordingly, cells with high metabolic needs can meet their higher energy demands by increasing the number of mitochondria they contain." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleus", "http://www.shmoop.com/biology-cells/all-eukaryotic-cells.html", "http://www.scienceprofonline.com/cell-biology/eukaryotic-cell-parts-functions-diagrams.html", "http://www.shmoop.com/biology-cells/all-eukaryotic-cells.html", "http://classes.midlandstech.edu/carterp/Courses/bio225/chap04/lecture6.htm", "http://www.shmoop.com/biology-cells/prokaryotic-cells.html", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/eukaryotic-cells-14023963", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/eukaryotic-cells-14023963" ] }

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[ "It is Mexico's state-owned petroleum company and the sole supplier of all commercial gasoline (petrol/diesel) stations in the country" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Mexico, with about a third of U.S. production, has only 6! PEMEX is prohibited from partnering with foreign companies within Mexico, but not abroad. So Mexican crude is shipped to Houston, Texas, where it is refined (in partnership with Shell) and then re-imported to Mexico. What is PEMEX, and Where is it Going? Allan Wall-PVNN Hopefully, this year will see some kind of substantive reform that can reform PEMEX, for the good of Mexico and its economic development. PEMEX (Petr leos Mexicanos) is Mexico's state oil monopoly. PEMEX is protected from competition in Mexico, where it enjoys a legal monopoly on the exploration, processing and sale of petroleum. Its privileged status in national mythology affords it a certain immunity from criticism", "Petroleos Petróleos (mexicanos trademarked and better known As, [pemex]), ˈpemeks which translates To Mexican, petroleums is The mexican-state owned petroleum, company created in 1938 by nationalized petroleum and the expropriation of all, private, foreign and domestic companies at that. time Taxes on Pemex revenue provide about a third of all the tax revenues collected by the Mexican government. Pemex has a debt of $42.5 billion, including $24 billion in off-balance-sheet debt. The state-owned company pays out over 60% of its revenue in royalties and taxes.", "Pemex in brief. We are the most important company in Mexico, the largest tax contributor to the Mexican government, and one of the largest in Latin America. In context. 17° In crude proven reserves. 31° Natural gas proven reserves", "[ˈpemeks]), which translates to Mexican Petroleums, is the Mexican state-owned petroleum company, created in 1938 by nationalized petroleum and the expropriation of all private, foreign, and domestic companies at that time. Taxes on Pemex revenue provide about a third of all the tax revenues collected by the Mexican government. Pemex has a debt of $42.5 billion, including $24 billion in off-balance-sheet debt. The state-owned company pays out over 60% of its revenue in royalties and taxes.", "Pemex's offices in Mexico City. Taxes on Pemex revenue provide about a third of all the tax revenues collected by the Mexican government. Pemex has a debt of $42.5 billion, including $24 billion in off-balance-sheet debt. The state-owned company pays out over 60% of its revenue in royalties and taxes. Mexico exports crude oil, but imports more-expensive gasoline", "Pemex is the largest company in Mexico. It operates through the whole chain of value of the industry, from exploration and production-upstream-to industrial transformation, logistics and marketing – downstream. We are the most important company in Mexico and one of the largest in Latin America, and our success is reflected in our dedication to the future of Mexico.", "Mexico’s historic overhaul of Pemex. For the first time in almost eight decades, Mexico's oil and gas fields are now open to foreign competition. To facilitate this shift, the national oil company, Pemex, relinquished its monopoly hold and revamped its corporate structure and governance. ", "The petroleum sector is crucial to the Mexican economy; while its oil production has fallen in recent years, oil revenues still generate over 10% of Mexico's export earnings. High taxes on the revenues of the state oil monopoly Pemex provide about a third of all the tax revenues collected by the Mexican government. Pemex is Mexico's state-owned petroleum company and the sole supplier of all commercial gasoline (petrol/diesel) stations in the country. Cantarell Field is the largest oil field in Mexico and one of the largest in the world producing. As of Jan 2001, Mexico has approximately 10.42 billion barrels (1.657 ×10." ], "url": [ "http://banderasnews.com/0802/edat-pemex.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemex", "http://www.pemex.com/en/Paginas/default.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemex", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemex", "http://www.pemex.com/en/about-pemex/Paginas/default.aspx", "http://www.theoilandgasyear.com/articles/mexicos-historic-overhaul-of-pemex/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Mexico" ] }

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[ "Are antigen-presenting cells (also known as accessory cells) of the mammalian immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system.", "Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (also known as accessory cells) of the mammalian immune system." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Dendritic cells (DCs) are white blood cells forming part of the mammalian immune system. They process antigen material from pathogens and put it on their surface. There it touches other cells of the immune system. So, dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells. They act as messengers between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Dendritic cells are present in tissues in contact with the external environment. These tissues are the skin, and the inner lining of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. They can also be found in an immature state in the blood", "Dendritic Cells Initiate the Immune Response. Dendritic cells are professional antigen processing cells. They have a number of receptors that enhance the uptake of antigens, and they are specialized to convert these antigens into MHC-peptide complexes that can be recognized by lymphocytes. ", "Dendritic cell: A special type of cell that is a key regulator of the immune system, acting as a professional antigen-presenting cell (APC) capable of activating naive Naïve t cells and stimulating the growth and differentiation Of b. cells Dendritic cells are found, for example, in the lymph nodes and spleen. As an APC, a dendritic cell can retain antigen for long periods on its surface, present the antigen to a T or B cell and so influence their behavior. The word dendritic means branched like a tree.. It comes from the Greek dendron (tree).", "Dendritic cells are a type of antigen-presenting cell (APC) that form an important role in the adaptive immune system. Dendritic cells are found in tissue that has contact with the outside environment such as the over the skin (present as Langerhans cells) and in the linings of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. Immature forms are also found in the blood.", "Dendritic cell: A special type of cell that is a key regulator of the immune system, acting as a professional antigen-presenting cell (APC) capable of activating naive Naïve t cells and stimulating the growth and differentiation Of b. Cells dendritic cells are, found for, example in the lymph nodes and. spleen Dendritic cells are found, for example, in the lymph nodes and spleen. As an APC, a dendritic cell can retain antigen for long periods on its surface, present the antigen to a T or B cell and so influence their behavior. The word dendritic means branched like a tree.. It comes from the Greek dendron (tree).", "By Dr Ananya Mandal, MD. Dendritic cells are a type of antigen-presenting cell (APC) that form an important role in the adaptive immune system. The main function of dendritic cells is to present antigens and the cells are therefore sometimes referred to as “professional” APCs. In addition, only the dendritic cells have the capacity to induce a primary immune response in the inactive or resting naive Naïve t. lymphocytes Dendritic cells are found in tissue that has contact with the outside environment such as the over the skin (present as Langerhans cells) and in the linings of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. Immature forms are also found in the blood.", "Dendritic cells are present in those tissues that are in contact with the external environment, such as the skin (where there is a specialized dendritic cell type called the Langerhans cell) and the inner lining of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. They can also be found in an immature state in the blood. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (also known as accessory cells) of the mammalian immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system." ], "url": [ "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendritic_cell", "http://lab.rockefeller.edu/steinman/dendritic_intro/immuneResponse", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=19035", "http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Dendritic-Cells.aspx", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=19035", "http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Dendritic-Cells.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendritic_cell" ] }

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[ "This new, cyclic model of the universe offers an appealing alternative to the prevailing theory, according to Paul J. Steinhardt, a theoretical physicist at Princeton University. The most widely accepted cosmological model, called the inflationary model, the universe was born in an instantaneous creation of matter and energy known as the Big Bang." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In this cyclic model, two parallel orbifold planes or M-branes collide periodically in a higher-dimensional space. The visible four-dimensional universe lies on one of these branes. The collisions correspond to a reversal from contraction to expansion, or a big crunch followed immediately by a big bang. A different cyclic model relying on the notion of phantom energy was proposed in 2007 by Lauris Baum and Paul Frampton of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Other cyclic models include Conformal cyclic cosmology and Loop quantum cosmology.", "This new, cyclic model of the universe offers an appealing alternative to the prevailing theory, according to Paul J. Steinhardt, a theoretical physicist at Princeton University. In the most widely accepted cosmological model, called the inflationary model, the universe was born in an instantaneous creation of matter and energy known as the Big Bang. As the universe has inflated since that event, matter and energy have spread out in clumps.", "Furthermore, recentmeasurements of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy and large scale structurefavor a flat universe over a closed one.In our cyclic model, the universe is infinite and flat, rather than finite and closed. The detailed manner in whichit tends to zero is not crucial for the main predictions of the cyclic model. A quantitativeanalysis of this potential (Ref. 14) shows that a realistic cosmology can be obtained bychoosing c ≥ 10 and V 0 equal to today’s dark energy density (about 6 × 10 −30 g/cm 3) inEq.", "In the 1920s, theoretical physicists, most notably Albert Einstein, considered the possibility of a cyclic model for the universe as an (everlasting) alternative to the model of an expanding universe. A different cyclic model relying on the notion of phantom energy was proposed in 2007 by Lauris Baum and Paul Frampton of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Other cyclic models include Conformal cyclic cosmology and Loop quantum cosmology.", "Called the cyclic universe theory, it could potentially explain why a mysterious repulsive form of energy known as the cosmological constant and which is accelerating the expansion of the universe is several orders of magnitude smaller than predicted by the standard Big Bang model. Cyclic universe. The idea of a cyclic universe, first proposed in 2002 by Steinhardt and Turok, is an alternative to anthropic selection. The [value of lambda] is one of the prime mysteries of physics, Steinhardt said. It's really been so puzzling that it's driven the physics community to this anthropic approach.", "One new cyclic model is a brane cosmology model of the creation of the universe, derived from the earlier ekpyrotic model. It was proposed in 2001 by Paul Steinhardt of Princeton University and Neil Turok of Cambridge University. A different cyclic model relying on the notion of phantom energy was proposed in 2007 by Lauris Baum and Paul Frampton of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Other cyclic models include Conformal cyclic cosmology and Loop quantum cosmology.", "1 Cyclic models of the relativistic universe: the early history Helge Kragh * Abstract. Within the framework of relativistic cosmology oscillating or cyclic models of the universe were introduced by A. Friedmann in his seminal paper of 1922. 4. The oscillating universe in the 1950s Much of the development in cosmology during the first two decades following World War II was concerned with the controversy between relativistic evolutionary models and the rival steady-state theory introduced by Fred Hoyle, Thomas Gold and Hermann Bondi in 1948 (Kragh 1996).", "The explanation, according to the ekpyrotic theory, is that the big bang was actually a big bounce, a transition from a previous epoch of contraction to the present epoch of expansion. The key events that shaped our universe occurred before the bounce, and, in a cyclic version, the universe bounces at regular intervals. The ekpyrotic (ĕk′pī-rŏt′ĭk) universe, or ekpyrotic scenario, is a cosmological model of the early universe that explains the origin of the large-scale structure of the cosmos.", "Steinhardt said several features of the cosmos can be better explained by the cyclic model, including the geometry of the universe, its overall uniformity, and, in particular, the existence of a phenomenon known as acceleration. In the most widely accepted cosmological model, called the inflationary model, the universe was born in an instantaneous creation of matter and energy known as the Big Bang. As the universe has inflated since that event, matter and energy have spread out in clumps." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_Model", "http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/04/0425_020425_universe.html", "http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/0111030v2.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_Model", "http://www.space.com/2372-recycled-universe-theory-solve-cosmic-mystery.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_Model", "http://arxiv.org/pdf/1308.0932", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekpyrotic_universe", "http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/04/0425_020425_universe.html" ] }

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[ "Tundra", "Tundra" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lichen. Lichens are unlike any other organism on earth. Their structure is unique: a symbiosis of two organisms a fungus and algae. Lichens are not plants, so they do not produce seeds. Lichens can survive in some of the most barren and severe regions of the world. They tolerate extreme cold and dry conditions through dormancy and the ability to recover quickly when conditions are favorable.", "A lichen is a plant, usually an alga, and a fungus living symbiotically. Moss is a common name for the Bryophytes, a phylum of usually small plants with a distinctive life cyc … le. Lichens and moss, though often found in similar environments, aren't really related.", "Lichen is a type of plant that is usually found in the Tundra. It also is a type of fungi. A lichen is a symbiosis of a fungus and a photosynthetic organism, either a type of bacteria or a plant. The fungus provides protection for the photosynthetic joint of its being, and the bacteria provides energy for the fungus.", "Introduction: The word tundra derives from the Finnish word for barren or treeless land. The tundra is the simplest biome in terms of species composition and food chains. Vegetation: lichens, mosses, sedges, perennial forbs, and dwarfed shrubs, (often heaths, but also birches and willows). Growthforms: typical are ground-hugging and other warmth-preserving forms including: 1 tussock-forming graminoids.", "Most plants in the Tundra are lichen,mosses,and some other low shrubs or trees like the Dwarf Willow or some other birches that are less then knee-high. From the lack of lots of vegetation, some herbivores in the Tundra have a hard time finding areas with a abundance of plants to eat during the Winter." ], "url": [ "http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Experiments/Biome/seedlichen.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/In_which_biome_do_lichens_and_mosses_grow_abundantly_and_represent_the_dominant_flora", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_biome_do_lichens_live", "https://php.radford.edu/~swoodwar/biomes/?page_id=89", "http://tundrabiomee.weebly.com/plants-and-animals.html" ] }

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[ "The founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The founder effect describes genetic drift that occurs when a few members of the population break away from the pack and are found, or start their own population. Because a small number of individuals start a new population, the allele frequency in this new gene pool can be dramatically altered. ", "A founder effect occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population. This small population size means that the colony may have: 1 reduced genetic variation from the original population. 2 a non-random sample of the genes in the original population. ", "In addition to founder effects, the new population is often a very small population and so shows increased sensitivity to genetic drift, an increase in inbreeding, and relatively low genetic variation. As a result of the loss of genetic variation, the new population may be distinctively different, both genotypically and phenotypically, from the parent population from which it is derived. In extreme cases, the founder effect is thought to lead to the speciation and subsequent evolution of new species.", "In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. As a result of the loss of genetic variation, the new population may be distinctively different, both genotypically and phenotypically, from the parent population from which it is derived. In extreme cases, the founder effect is thought to lead to the speciation and subsequent evolution of new species.", "Genetic drift becomes a factor for evolution in populations that are formed from a small sample of a larger population by either the bottleneck effect or the founder effect. Genetic drift is a change in the relative frequency of an allele due to random fluctuation in an isolated population. ", "The founder effect is a special case of genetic drift, occurring when a small group in a population splinters off from the original population and forms a new one. As a result of the loss of genetic variation, the new population may be distinctively different, both genotypically and phenotypically, from the parent population from which it is derived. In extreme cases, the founder effect is thought to lead to the speciation and subsequent evolution of new species.", "There are two major types of genetic drift: population bottlenecks and the founder effect. A population bottleneck is when a population's size becomes very small very quickly. This is usually due to a catastrophic environmental event, hunting a species to near extinction, or habitat destruction. Genetic drift is when chance events cause changes in frequencies of alleles in a population. Alleles are the genetic variations in a population, and they are the driving force behind the evolution of that population. The smaller the population, the greater the impact genetic drift will have.", "Founder effect. In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. It was first fully outlined by Ernst...", "founder effect The difference in gene pool s between an origin al population and a new population founded by one or a few individuals randomly separated from the origin al population, as when an island population is founded by one or a few individuals; often accentuates genetic drift. Founder effect. founder effect. a high frequency of a particular allele in a population founded by a small ancestral group when one or more of the founders was a carrier of that allele. Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition.", "Genetic drift (or allelic drift) is the change in the frequency of a gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling of organisms. The alleles in the offspring are a sample of those in the parents, and chance has a role in determining whether a given individual survives and reproduces. When there are few copies of an allele, the effect of genetic drift is larger, and when there are many copies the effect is smaller. In the early twentieth century vigorous debates occurred over the relative importance of natural selection versus neutral processes, including genetic drift." ], "url": [ "http://www.shmoop.com/mechanisms-evolution/gene-flow-drift.html", "http://www.evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIID3Bottlenecks.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Founder_effect", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Founder_effect", "http://programs.clarendoncollege.edu/programs/NatSci/Biology/Zoology/zoo%20online%20outlines/Lab%20population%20genetics%202%20-%20fall%2011.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Founder_effect", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/genetic-drift-definition-examples-types.html", "http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-dictionary/Founder_effect/", "http://en.mimi.hu/biology/founder_effect.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_drift" ] }

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[ "5,8 bags cement + 0,65 cubic." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For foundation concrete to cover 1 cubic metre you need 6 x 50kg bags cement and tonnes ballast. … how much water is required to make 380 cubic meters of concrete? … Concrete is a composite material construction material composed primarily of ….", "to mix 1 cubic meter of cement at a ratio of 3:1 how. many 20kg of sand and 25kg bags of cement will be.", "Answer 1. You would need approx 60 bags of ballast for 1m3 of concrete. You may wish to look at our Jumbo bags of ballast as this would probably work out cheaper. http://www.wickes.co.uk/Ballast/invt/220082. These products are only available to order in store, however your local store will be able to offer you a delivery service.", "To make 1 cubic metre of concrete you will need: 5,8 bags cement + 0,65 cubic … Use the same size of container for measuring all the materials in a batch.", "How many tons of ballast to a meter cube of concrete. For foundation concrete, 1 cubic metre is equal to 1.76 tonnes ballast, and for general purpose concrete, 1 cubic metre is equal to 1.6 tonnes ballast. report this answer. Updated on Monday, February 06 2012 at 07:38PM GMT. Source: www.myersgroup.co.uk/..." ], "url": [ "http://beneficiationplantfor.com/mining-equipment/material-required-for-1-cubic-meter-of-concrete.html", "http://community.screwfix.com/threads/how-many-bags-per-cubic-meter.4475/", "http://answers.wickes.co.uk/answers/9987-en_gb/product/220111/questions.htm?sort=recenta&dir=asc", "http://beneficiationplantfor.com/mining-equipment/material-required-for-1-cubic-meter-of-concrete.html", "http://www.kgbanswers.co.uk/how-many-tons-of-ballast-to-a-meter-cube-of-concrete/21373919" ] }

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[ "A black basalt stone found in 1799 that bears an inscription in hieroglyphics, demotic characters, and Greek and is celebrated for having given the first clue to the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphics." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "the discovery and importance of the rosetta stone the rosetta stone a 1700 pound piece of rock called a stele discovered in the sands of egypt was the key to modern understanding of ancient egyptian hieroglyphs ", "the second was demotic which was the common script of egypt the third was greek which was the language of the rulers of egypt at that time the rosetta stone was written in all three scripts so that the priests government officials and rulers of egypt could read what it said the rosetta stone is a stone with writing on it in two languages egyptian and greek using three scripts hieroglyphic demotic and greek", "the rosetta stone the rosetta stone what is the rosetta stone the rosetta stone is a stone with writing on it in two languages egyptian and greek using three scripts hieroglyphic demotic and greek", "the rosetta stone is an example of a donation stele which memorializes the grant of a tax exemption by the reigning pharaoh to the resident priesthood the rosetta stone records that ptolemy v granted the exemption and gave a gift of silver and grain to the temples in the eighth year of his reign ", "the text is not that long but like the mesopotamian behistun inscription before it the rosetta stone is inscribed with the identical text in three different languages ancient egypt in both its hieroglyphic 14 lines and demotic script 32 lines forms and ancient greek 54 lines arguably the most over used metaphor in the english language the rosetta stone is an enormous 114x72x28 centimeters 44x28x11 inches and broken hunk of dark granodiorite not as once believed basalt see middleton and klemm that nearly single handedly opened up ancient egyptian culture to the modern world", "languages of the rosetta stone the rosetta stone is inscribed in 3 languages demotic the everyday script used to write documents greek the language of ionian greeks an administrative script and hieroglyphs for priestly business discovered at rosette raschid see map of nile delta in 1799 by napoleon s army the rosetta stone proved the key to deciphering egyptian hieroglyphs the person who found it was pierre francois xavier bouchards a french officer of engineers", "definition of rosetta stone 1 a black basalt stone found in 1799 that bears an inscription in hieroglyphics demotic characters and greek and is celebrated for having given the first clue to the decipherment of egyptian hieroglyphics 2 one that gives a clue to understanding ", "the rosetta stone is a large block of black granite over 2000 years old that was rediscovered in egypt in 1799 it was a remarkable find as it contains inscriptions that enabled scholars to learn how to read hieroglyphs that were previously indecipherable ", "discovery of the rosetta stone discovered at rosette raschid see map of nile delta in 1799 by napoleon s army the rosetta stone proved the key to deciphering egyptian hieroglyphs the person who found it was pierre francois xavier bouchards a french officer of engineers", "summary the rosetta stone not to be confused with the language learning software is a granodiorite stone it was found in 1799 in rosetta egypt by french scholars and sent to napoleon it contains the same writing in three different languages hieroglyphics sacred language demotic reformed egyptian and greek brigham young university idaho is the first university in the world to obtain a full size 3d replica of the rosetta stone from the freeman institute the replica was obtained to help students get a real view at what the stone is like" ], "url": [ "http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/articles/worldhistory/rosettastone.htm", "http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/writing/rosetta.html", "http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/writing/rosetta.html", "http://www.allaboutarchaeology.org/what-does-the-rosetta-stone-say-faq.htm", "http://archaeology.about.com/od/rterms/g/rosettastone.htm", "http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/egypt/p/rosettastone.htm", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Rosetta%20stone", "http://www.historyextra.com/article/ancient-egypt/nutshell-rosetta-stone", "http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/egypt/p/rosettastone.htm", "http://www.byui.edu/special-collections/exhibits/rosetta-stone" ] }

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[ "$1,400 and $1,970" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Neptune Society Cremation Costs. Cremation planning allows your family time to grieve your loss and observe your own life as an alternative to face perplexing options and high prices. Cremation costs significantly less-than a conventional funeral and interment service.", "How much does a Neptune Society cremation cost? The cost for an immediate direct cremation with the Neptune Society will vary somewhat, depending upon the location, but the cost is generally between $1,400 and $1,970. The comparable cost for a direct cremation from DFS Memorials is between $596 and $1,250, depending upon the location.", "A prepaid direct cremation from the Neptune Society costs on average around $2,500.* A direct cremation plan from a DFS Memorials provider can be arranged for the same price as an immediate need price [in most states].", "The cost of an immediate direct cremation with DFS Memorials is between 34% – 60% of the cost of an immediate direct cremation with the Neptune Society in a location.", "The Neptune Society is owned by Service Corporation International (SCI), and claims to be the “nation’s most trusted provider of low cost cremation services.” No membership fee is required and the Neptune Society provides direct cremation services across the United States with 36 locations in 19 states.", "Review of the Neptune Society. Typical Neptune prepaid funeral contract: 1 You, the consumer, pay about $700 for standard Direct Cremation, which includes everything from body pickup to local return of the cremains. 2 All paperwork is done, and includes one death certificate." ], "url": [ "http://neptunesocietyservices.weebly.com/index.html", "http://dfsmemorials.com/cremation-blog/neptune-society-cremation-prices-increasing/", "http://dfsmemorials.com/cremation-blog/neptune-society-direct-cremation-services-cost-much/", "http://dfsmemorials.com/cremation-blog/neptune-society-cremation-prices-increasing/", "http://dfsmemorials.com/cremation-blog/neptune-society-cremation-prices-increasing/", "http://fcant.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=263:neptune-society-a-review&catid=42:things-that-you-should-know-before-you-go-shopping&Itemid=68" ] }

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[ "Trophoblast" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "3. The blastocyst has an outer-layer of cells called the trophoblast, which will eventually form the protective placenta. Inside the trophoblast is a group of cells called the inner cell mass. The organism in a stage between zygote to fetus is called an embryo* and the cells are called embryonic stem cells. At this point embryonic stem cells have the ability to become a cell for any part of the body (nerve, muscle, blood, etc.).", "As the embryo advances in the development, after 5-6 days it becomes a blastocyst. The blastocyst has an outer thin layer of cells which will later form the placenta, and an inner cell mass which will develop into the fetus. A blastocyst has about 120 cells.", "The outer layer of the blastocyst consists of cells collectively called the trophoblast. This layer surrounds the inner cell mass and a fluid-filled cavity known as the blastocoele. The trophoblast gives rise to the placenta.", "The blastocyst is therefore comprised of an inner cell mass, which subsequently forms the embryo, and a surrounding outer layer of cells, the trophoblast, which later forms the outer chorionic sac and the fetal component of the placenta.", "The blastocyst is a sphere of about 150 cells, with an outer layer (the trophoblast), a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass).", "Blastocyst —A preimplantation embryo of about 150 cells produced by cell division following fertilization. The blastocyst is a sphere made up of an outer layer of cells (the trophoblast), a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass)." ], "url": [ "http://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/stemcells.html", "http://www.ivf-worldwide.com/education/ivf-fertilization-a-embryo-growth/blastocysts.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastocyst", "http://discovery.lifemapsc.com/in-vivo-development/zygote/blastocyst", "http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/pages/cellmovie.aspx", "http://stemcells.nih.gov/StaticResources/info/popups/glossary.html" ] }

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[ "30.21 inches (767 millimetre)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "approximately 505000 km 3 121000 mi 3 of water falls as precipitation each year 398000 km 3 95000 cu mi of it over the oceans given the earth s surface area that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres 39 in over the contiguous united states total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6 1 % per century since 1900 with the greatest increases within the east north central climate region 11 6 % per century and the south 11 1 %", "average yearly precipitation for states rain snow the amounts listed below are averages for each state some parts of a state will get more rain and or snow than the average amount of precipitation listed some parts will get less different amounts fall in different areas of each state ", "state wide averages of annual rainfall plus snowfall range from a high of 63 7 inches 1618 millimetres in hawaii to a low of 9 5 inches 241 millimetres in nevada for the entire united states excluding hawaii and alaska the average amount of moisture falling as rain and snow is 30 21 inches 767 millimetres how much precipitation each state in the us gets on average in a year is listed below the states are also ranked from the wettest state at number 1 to the driest state at number 50", "the amount of precipitation that an area receives is referred to as that area s average annual precipitation menuitem font family verdana font size 10pt color 990000 text decoration none a location with a relatively low average annual precipitation would be rather desolate ", "the winters receive quite a bit of snow the mean annual precipitation ranges from 15 26 cm annual precipitation has reached a maximum of 46 cm and a minimum of 9 cm the heaviest rainfall of the spring is usually in april or may the maximum annual temperature is about 35 c and the minimum is about 4 c in chile the temperature ranges from 2 to 5 c in july and 21 25 c in january the average rainfall measures 8 13 cm in many areas the maximum annual precipitation over a long period of years has been 37 cm with a minimum of 5 cm the soil is fine textured with a moderate salt content", "so i decided to try to find out which u s state really does get the least total annual rainfall i found the area of each state in square miles and the average annual rainfall in inches for selected cities in each state to get the units consistent i convert the rainfall from inches to miles then i multiply the area by the rainfall to get the cubic miles of annual rainfall for the state ", "since 1900 average annual precipitation over the u s has increased by roughly 5 % this increase reflects in part the major droughts of the 1930s and 1950s which made the early half of the record drier there are important regional differences ", "severe storms occur infrequently the greatest rainfall occurs in the winter and early spring especially march the early fall months particularly september and october are the driest average annual precipitation 1971 2000 was 54 7 in 138 9 cm in memphis and 48 in 122 cm in nashville snowfall varies and is more prevalent in east tennessee than in the western section nashville gets about 10 in 25 4 cm a year memphis only 5 in 12 7 cm ", "average annual precipitation by state how much precipitation each state in the us gets on average in a year is listed below the states are also ranked from the wettest state at number 1 to the driest state at number 50" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation", "http://www.netstate.com/states/tables/state_precipitation.htm", "http://www.currentresults.com/Weather/US/average-annual-state-precipitation.php", "http://www.kidsgeo.com/geography-for-kids/0120-average-annual-precipitation.php", "http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/deserts.php", "http://www.betweenwaters.com/etc/usrain.html", "http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/our-changing-climate/precipitation-change", "https://ag.tennessee.edu/climate/Pages/climatedataTN.aspx", "http://www.currentresults.com/Weather/US/average-annual-state-precipitation.php" ] }

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[ "Staphylococcus" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Unfortunately, some bacteria also damage teeth. Two strains of bacteria found in the mouth are particularly destructive: Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli. When these and other types of bacteria are allowed to flourish, they produce acid that causes tooth decay.", "In many cases, like in the gut, the presence of bacteria is beneficial. Bacteria in the mouth causes the formation of cavities, and can increase the chance of other disease and illness. Many different types of bacteria live in the mouth, and some types simply pass through depending on the types of food consumed.", "Bacteria. A dog has at least 20 species of bacteria in his mouth, according to the December 2003 issue of the Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand.. These bacteria are natural inhabitants of your pup's mouth and don't mean that he's ill. A study published in the November 2005 issue of the Journal of Microbiology found that the most common bacteria found specifically in a dog's saliva were Actinomyces, Streptococcus and Granulicatella species.", "Staphylococcus. The species of Staphylococcus most often found in the mouth include Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria have a thick cell wall, known as gram-positive, and are oval in shape.", "Bacteria dominates the chemistry of the dog’s mouth with over 600 different species contained in the oral flora. The bacteria genera most frequently isolated in a dog’s saliva where Actinomyces(26%), Streptococcus (18%), and Granulicatella (17%).", "Mouth Bacteria. Of all the types of microbes living in your mouth, bacteria are the most numerous. It has been estimated that there are over 100 million in every millilitre of saliva from more than 600 different species. Unless there are open wounds or cuts inside your mouth, most mouth bacteria will do you no harm." ], "url": [ "https://www.sharecare.com/health/tooth-and-mouth-disorders/types-bacteria-live-mouth", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/161300-what-are-the-different-types-of-bacteria-found-in-the-human-mouth/", "http://dogcare.dailypuppy.com/germs-found-dog-saliva-5925.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/161300-what-are-the-different-types-of-bacteria-found-in-the-human-mouth/", "http://vitahound.com/dog-health-library/dogs-health/dogs-mouth-bacteria-composition/", "http://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/45935.aspx" ] }

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[ "The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest military decoration awarded for valour in the face of the enemy to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Albert suggested its name – the Victoria Cross. The Victoria Cross was meant to have a simple design though in an era when medals for bravery were anything but simple, the design won few friends in the media of the time. The first one was made to the specifications of Prince Albert who wanted a “simple cross”. The Victoria Cross was deliberately intended to have little actual value. Its value lies in what it stands for and what people do to earn it: be extremely brave. The inscription on the Victoria Cross is “For Valour”, a traditional word for bravery.", "Victoria Cross. The Victoria Cross is the highest award for acts of bravery in wartime. It was instituted in 1856 by Queen Victoria and made retrospective to 1854 to cover the period of the Crimean War. It is possible for any serving member of the armed forces to obtain this award. The Victoria Cross is designed in the form of the Maltese Cross: in the centre of the medal is a lion guardant standing upon the Royal Crown.", "The Victoria Cross is the highest award for gallantry that a British and Commonwealth serviceman can achieve. The bronze for the Victoria Cross came from a captured Chinese-made cannon used by the Russians at Sebastopol during the Crimean War. What is left of the metal is kept at the army base DSDC Donnington, in Telford, Shropshire. Today, there is only enough metal left for 80 more medals.", "The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest military decoration awarded for valour in the face of the enemy to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories. It is first in the order of wear in the United Kingdom honours system, and takes precedence over all other orders, decorations, and medals, including the Order of the Garter. It may be awarded to a person of any military rank in any service and to civilians under military command.", "The Victoria Cross is the highest award for gallantry that a British and Commonwealth serviceman can achieve. It is linked with acts of extreme bravery and the original document associated with the medal stated that it could only be awarded for “gallantry of the highest order”. The Victoria Cross was deliberately intended to have little actual value. Its value lies in what it stands for and what people do to earn it: be extremely brave. The inscription on the Victoria Cross is “For Valour”, a traditional word for bravery.", "Victoria Cross. The Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour in the face of the enemy to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories. It takes precedence over all other orders, decorations and medals.", "The Victoria Cross was created in the wake of the carnage of the Crimean War to recognise gallantry in action by all ranks of the services. ", "The Victoria Cross is forever linked with acts of extreme bravery and the original document associated with the medal stated that it could only be awarded for “gallantry of the highest order”. The Victoria Cross had its origins in the Crimean War. The bronze for the Victoria Cross came from a captured Chinese-made cannon used by the Russians at Sebastopol during the Crimean War. What is left of the metal is kept at the army base DSDC Donnington, in Telford, Shropshire. Today, there is only enough metal left for 80 more medals.", "Other countries with a Victoria Cross had awarded it numerous times since the end of the Second World War, some members of the Australian, New Zealand, and British armed forces receiving the decoration for their actions during the Afghan and Iraq wars of the 2000s. The Victoria Cross is awarded for the most conspicuous bravery, a daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice or extreme devotion to duty, in the presence of the enemy at any point after 1 January 1993, may be presented posthumously, and, unlike its British counterpart, may be revoked.", "The Victoria Cross (French: Croix de Victoria), created in 1993, is a military decoration and the highest award within the Canadian honours system, taking precedence over all other orders, decorations, and medals. The Victoria Cross is awarded for the most conspicuous bravery, a daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice or extreme devotion to duty, in the presence of the enemy at any point after 1 January 1993, may be presented posthumously, and, unlike its British counterpart, may be revoked." ], "url": [ "http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/defence/11435229/What-is-the-Victoria-Cross-and-how-do-you-get-one.html", "https://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/vic_cross/", "http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/world-war-two/the-victoria-cross/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Cross", "http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/defence/11435229/What-is-the-Victoria-Cross-and-how-do-you-get-one.html", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/victoria%20cross", "http://www.army.gov.au/Our-history/Traditions/Victoria-Cross", "http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/world-war-two/the-victoria-cross/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Cross_(Canada)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Cross_(Canada)" ] }

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[ "Chromatography." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Chlorophyll can be extracted with a range of solvents. After extraction of the chlorophyll pigments with 80% acetone or 100% methanol, they can be measured in the spectrophotometer. When measured in the red light part of the spectrum there is no interference through absorbance by carotenoids. ", "How do you extract chlorophyll from a leaf? Grind leaves of a plant, preferably soft and very green ones-such as spinach, in a mortar and pestle with acetone (available in any pharmacy). Pour off the acetone sol … ution which should be a dark green and contain chlorophyll. Warning-acetone is highly flammable. Let the solution cool, put the leaf in a Petri dish or discard it, and pour the chlorophyll extract someplace where you can observe it better. That's the extracted chlorophyll! You can use this method with any leaf, really.", "Chlorophyll is vital for photosynthesis, which allows plants to absorb energy from light. Chlorophyll molecules are specifically arranged in and around photosystems that are embedded in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. In these complexes, chlorophyll serves two primary functions. The charged reaction center chlorophyll (P680 +) is then reduced back to its ground state by accepting an electron. In Photosystem II, the electron that reduces P680 + ultimately comes from the oxidation of water into O 2 and H + through several intermediates.", "Why does chlorophyll appear green to us? Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts of algae and plants which is an important biochemical for photosynthesis. It appears green because i … t is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. The … light energy is then carried through the antenna complex to the reaction center, which is composed entirely of chlorophyll A. It is in the reaction center that the light energy is used to excite electrons before they enter the electron transport chain. 3 people found this useful. Answered.", "Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants. Plants use chlorophyll and light to make food. People use chlorophyll as medicine. Common sources of chlorophyll used for medicine include alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and silkworm droppings. Chlorophyll is used for bad breath and reducing colostomy odor. ", "Chlorophyll is a natural pigment found in green plants. It is the primary pigment that absorbs light energy from the sun for photosynthesis. This energy is then used by the plant to synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide and water. Chlorophyll in the leaves of plants can be extracted and separated using chromatography. A good source of chlorophyll for an extraction is a dark green leafy vegetable like spinach. Rub a fresh spinach leaf on the bottom of a strip of filter paper. You can get a good dark smear of green by using a coin.", "In Biology. Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts of algae and plants which is an important biochemical for photosynthesis. It appears green because i … t is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. The … light energy is then carried through the antenna complex to the reaction center, which is composed entirely of chlorophyll A. It is in the reaction center that the light energy is used to excite electrons before they enter the electron transport chain. 3 people found this useful. Answered.", "Chlorophyll is the green pigment responsible for the color of leaves. Its presence in leaves is crucial for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis can be defined as the process by which plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria use light energy to drive the synthesis of organic compounds. In this experiment you will first extract chlorophyll from spinach via column chromatography in the first lab period. In the second lab period you will investigate the photochemistry of chlorophyll.", "Chlorophyll (also chlorophyl) is a term used for several closely related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός, chloros (green) and φύλλον, phyllon (leaf). The charged reaction center chlorophyll (P680 +) is then reduced back to its ground state by accepting an electron. In Photosystem II, the electron that reduces P680 + ultimately comes from the oxidation of water into O 2 and H + through several intermediates." ], "url": [ "http://prometheuswiki.publish.csiro.au/tiki-index.php?page=Chlorophyll+extraction+and+determination", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_Chemical_will_be_use_to_extract_the_chlorophyll", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorophyll", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Which_substances_is_used_to_remove_chlorophyll_from_a_green_leaf_during_photosynthesis", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-712-CHLOROPHYLL.aspx?activeIngredientId=712&activeIngredientName=CHLOROPHYLL", "http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/PlantBio_p020.shtml", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Which_substances_is_used_to_remove_chlorophyll_from_a_green_leaf_during_photosynthesis", "http://www.columbia.edu/itc/chemistry/chem-c2507/navbar/chloro_handout_2002.doc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorophyll" ] }

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[ "Load the Support Packages into SAP system by choosing. From Front End. Step 3: SPAM/SAINT Update: A SPAM/SAINT Update contains updates and improvements to Support Package Manager (SPAM) and Add-On Installation Tool (SAINT). Support packages should be always applied in client 000. 2 The user to be used for the support package implementation must have authorizations equivalent to DDIC or SAP*. 3 Call the transaction SPAM and see if any previous Support Package import is incomplete." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1. Go to http://service.sap.com/swdc. 2. Go to section SAP Software Download Center Support Packages and Patches Browse Our Download Catalog SAP Content ESR Content (XI Content) and select the software component you want to download. 3. Download appropriate version of Software component. This file will be a .zip file.", "Next, load the Support Packages into SAP system by choosing. From Front End. Step 3: SPAM/SAINT Update: A SPAM/SAINT Update contains updates and improvements to Support Package Manager (SPAM) and Add-On Installation Tool (SAINT). Support packages should be always applied in client 000. 2 The user to be used for the support package implementation must have authorizations equivalent to DDIC or SAP*. 3 Call the transaction SPAM and see if any previous Support Package import is incomplete.", "Install the Support Package Manager using the command line. 1. 2. Open a DOS box or Telnet session. 3. Go the transport directory: # cd H:\\usr\\sap\\trans\\bin. 4. Use tp to add the transport to the buffer: 5. Import the transport request: 6.", ". You have imported the most recent SPAM/SAINT update. To do this, you have checked whether the SPAM/SAINT update in SAP Support Portal is newer than the one in your system. (The version of the SPAM/SAINT update in your system appears in the title bar of the Support Package Manager screen).ou have the relevant authorizations in Support Package Manager. You are logged on in client 000. You have called Support Package Manager. The initial screen provides an overview of the status of the last queue imported.", "Importing Support Packages with Support Package Manager. You can use Support Package Manager to import Support Packages into your system, irrespective of whether they are from SAP Support Portal or from Collection CDs. You have the relevant authorizations in Support Package Manager. You are logged on in client 000. You have called Support Package Manager. The initial screen provides an overview of the status of the last queue imported. If the Support Package import is incomplete, the last (terminated) phase processed by Support Package Manager is displayed.", "– Essentially what you are doing here is telling SAP which SPs you want to import. Load the SP’s from the Application server (after you have unzipped them into the ../EPS/in folder). Pick the highest SP number. (It will automatically included other SP’s or dependencies.).tep-by-Step process of Importing Support Packages into ECC6 EHP4 System. Sep 26. Posted by Murtuza. In this blog we look at a step-by-step procedure to import HR support packages (HR Sp 16 to 20) & (EA-HR 16 to 20) into a ECC6 system with EHP4.", "The Support Package Stack is a list of ABAP and Java Support Packages for all software components (SC) included in SAP NetWeaver. It is used to bring each Software Component of SAP NetWeaver to a defined Support Pack (SP) level. Support packages should be always applied in client 000. 2 The user to be used for the support package implementation must have authorizations equivalent to DDIC or SAP*. 3 Call the transaction SPAM and see if any previous Support Package import is incomplete.", "Step-by-Step process of Importing Support Packages into ECC6 EHP4 System. Sep 26. Posted by Murtuza. In this blog we look at a step-by-step procedure to import HR support packages (HR Sp 16 to 20) & (EA-HR 16 to 20) into a ECC6 system with EHP4. The most important part of the installation is the preparation work.", "Step-by-Step process of Importing Support Packages into ECC6 EHP4 System. In this blog we look at a step-by-step procedure to import HR support packages (HR Sp 16 to 20) & (EA-HR 16 to 20) into a ECC6 system with EHP4. The most important part of the installation is the preparation work." ], "url": [ "http://www.sapbasistuts.com/home/sap-pi/sap-pi-administration/sap-pi-download-and-import-esr-xi-content", "http://www.guru99.com/support-package-stack-updates.html", "http://searchsap.techtarget.com/tip/How-to-reinstall-the-Support-Package-Manager-from-the-command-line-in-SAP-Basis", "http://help.sap.com/erp2005_ehp_04/helpdata/en/a7/a7a932845c11d2b421006094b9ea64/content.htm", "http://help.sap.com/erp2005_ehp_04/helpdata/en/a7/a7a932845c11d2b421006094b9ea64/content.htm", "https://sapbasisnetweaver.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/step-by-step-process-of-importing-support-packages-into-ecc6-ehp4-system/", "http://www.guru99.com/support-package-stack-updates.html", "https://sapbasisnetweaver.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/step-by-step-process-of-importing-support-packages-into-ecc6-ehp4-system/", "https://sapbasisnetweaver.wordpress.com/" ] }

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[ "Invasive mammary carcinoma, also known as infiltrating mammary carcinoma, is a mixture of invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas; meaning the cancer grows at the junction of the duct and the lobule." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The most common invasive breast cancers are: 1 Invasive ductal carcinoma (also called infiltrating ductal carcinoma) begins in the milk ducts and is the most common invasive breast cancer. 2 Invasive lobular carcinoma begins in the lobules and is the second most common invasive breast cancer. ", "Invasive mammary carcinoma is the most common type of breast cancer. When we classify breast cancers, there are 2 main types of breast cancer: invasive and non-invasive cancers. In 2013, about 230,000 women (and about 2,000 men) are diagnosed with invasive mammary carcinoma. Most often (80% of the time) breast cancer begins in the milk ducts of the breast. If the abnormal cells have not broken through the duct into the surrounding breast tissue, it is called ductal carcinoma In situ (DCIS). This means it has no ability to spread, as the abnormal cells are still confined to the duct.", "Invasive mammary carcinoma, (IMC) also called infiltrating mammary carcinoma, is a mixture of invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas. That means the cancer grows where the breast lobe, or gland that produces milk, meets the breast duct, which is the tube that carries the milk to the nipple. Most often (80% of the time) breast cancer begins in the milk ducts of the breast. If the abnormal cells have not broken through the duct into the surrounding breast tissue, it is called ductal carcinoma In situ (DCIS). This means it has no ability to spread, as the abnormal cells are still confined to the duct.", "The abnormal cancer cells that began forming in the milk ducts have spread beyond the ducts into other parts of the breast tissue. Invasive cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body. It is also sometimes called infiltrative ductal carcinoma. 1 IDC is the most common type of breast cancer, making up nearly 70- 80% of all breast cancer diagnoses. 2 IDC is also the type of breast cancer that can most commonly affects men. ", "Invasive Mammary Carcinoma (IMC). Invasive mammary carcinoma, also known as infiltrating mammary carcinoma, is a mixture of invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas; meaning the cancer grows at the junction of the duct and the lobule. Invasive mammary carcinoma is treated with a lumpectomy or mastectomy, depending on the size and location of the tumor. Your oncology team also may recommend chemotherapy and/or radiation, hormonal therapy or biologic targeted therapy. Sometimes an MRI is done to help determine the diameter", "(Redirected from Mammary ductal carcinoma). Invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST) also known as invasive ductal carcinoma or ductal NOS and previously known as invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS) is a group of breast cancers that do not have the specific differentiating features. ", "A Johns Hopkins Medicine answered. Invasive mammary carcinoma (IMC) is an aggressive and fast growing cancer that appears where the breast lobe and breast duct meet. The breast lobe produces milk and the breast duct carries milk to the nipple", "Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC). Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), also known as infiltrating ductal carcinoma, is cancer that began growing in the duct and has invaded the fatty tissue of the breast outside of the duct. IDC is the most common form of breast cancer, representing 80 percent of all breast cancer diagnoses", "Sign in to receive recommendations (Learn more). Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Larger Version. Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), sometimes called infiltrating ductal carcinoma, is the most common type of breast cancer. About 80% of all breast cancers are invasive ductal carcinomas. Invasive means that the cancer has “invaded” or spread to the surrounding breast tissues. " ], "url": [ "http://ww5.komen.org/AboutBreastCancer/FactsandStatistics/WhatisBreastCancer/InvasiveBreastCancers.html", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/breast-cancer/what-is-invasive-mammary-carcinoma", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/breast-cancer/what-is-invasive-mammary-carcinoma", "http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/invasive-ductal-carcinoma", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/breast_center/breast_cancers_other_conditions/invasive_mammary_carcinoma.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammary_ductal_carcinoma", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/breast-cancer-treatment/what-treatment-invasive-mammary-carcinoma", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/breast_center/breast_cancers_other_conditions/invasive_ductal_carcinoma.html", "http://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/types/idc" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Re: Does medicare help pay for cataracts. William, Yes, Medicare will cover cataract surgery. 1 If you have Original Medicare and the procedure is done on an outpatient basis, the Medicare Part B deductible applies and then Part B will cover 80% of the costs and you will be responsible for 20%. 2 A Medicare supplement (Medigap policy) can help cover these costs.", "Generally, Medicare doesn't cover eyeglasses or contact lenses. However, following cataract surgery that implants an intraocular lens, Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance) helps pay for corrective lenses (one pair of eyeglasses or one set of contact lenses).", "The average cost of Cataract surgery in a Medicare outpatient setting is generally around $2,500.00/eye for the surgeon, the out patient facility, and the anesthesia provider. Medicare would pay 80% or $2,000.00/eye and you would pay the remaining $500.00 out of pocket.", "Outpatient cataract surgery is typically covered under Medicare Part B benefits, while inpatient surgery is usually covered under Medicare Part A. You may have greater coverage and lower out-of-pocket costs if you have a Medicare Advantage or Medigap plan. See Medicare Plans. The actual cause of cataracts is unknown.", "Yes, it does. Because cataract surgery is performed by a physician rather than an optometrist, Medicare Part B See also: Medicare Explained See all 145 questions about Vision Problems covers the surgery, including lens implants. And following that surgery, it can pay its share for one pair of eyeglasses.", "With any insurance.. medicare or other,.. your cost for a standard cataract surgery will be 500-550 per eye.. unless you choose.. crystalens.. then you can expect to pay.. 1200+..and the best thing to do is ask your Dr. (surgeon) for sample eye drops.." ], "url": [ "https://www.mymedicareanswers.com/thread/2579", "https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/eyeglasses-contact-lenses.html", "http://www.garyfostermd.com/the-cost-of-cataract-surgery/", "http://www.ehealthmedicare.com/about-medicare/cataracts/", "https://www.caring.com/questions/does-medicare-cover-cataract-surgery", "https://www.caring.com/questions/does-medicare-cover-cataract-surgery" ] }

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[ "Attempt to find the lock and unlock bar in the door and catch it with the hook of the unlocking strap. Once the hook catches the bar, pull upwards with a quick tug. This should pull the locking bar up and unlock the car door. Some car doors require downwards motion on the unlocking bar.", "To unlock a car, the locksmith has to access its locking mechanism from outside. This requires creating a gap between the door or window and the car’s interior so that another instrument can be inserted to release the lock." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Fortunately, it is possible to get a car door unlocked without a key. When faced with this frustrating situation, many people try to unlock their cars using coat hangers or magnets, but these may not work on modern cars, and they might damage car windows, doors, locking mechanisms or paint jobs. Locksmith Wedges. To unlock a car, the locksmith has to access its locking mechanism from outside. This requires creating a gap between the door or window and the car’s interior so that another instrument can be inserted to release the lock. Several types of simple wedges can accomplish thi", "Attempt to find the lock and unlock bar in the door and catch it with the hook of the unlocking strap. Once the hook catches the bar, pull upwards with a quick tug. This should pull the locking bar up and unlock the car door. Some car doors require downwards motion on the unlocking bar. In this case, turn the slim jim unlocking strap upside-down, repeat the steps and push downwards on the locking bar mechanism to open the door.", "1 How to Unlock Your Car Door with a Shoelace in 10 Seconds. 2 How to Break into Locks with Beer Can Shims, Bump Keys, & Just Plain Brute Force. 3 Digital Lock-Picking: This Simple Arduino Hack Opens Millions of Hotel Keycard Doors. 4 Oops: Some Security Doors Can Be Picked with Canned Air. House Door Method #1: Use a Bump Key. Bump keys are specially crafted keys that are used to unlock pin based locking systems, which are used on the vast majority of homes. Most pin systems are spring-loaded and the ridges of the keys press against the corresponding pins, which then unlock the lock.", "Car Door will not Unlock with the Key. If your car door will not unlock with the key, but the key is still working to start the car, then the problem is most likely with the lock on your car door rather than the key. Read on for potential problem areas. One possibility is that the lock cylinder needs new tumblers. ", "Unlocking the car manually without the key is a complicated process and can also damage the car paint job and the car locking mechanisms. As most cars are an expensive affair and it is often heartbreaking to see your beloved mean machine get damaged in front of your eyes. ", "If you have locked your car keys in your car, you can use a wire coat hanger to unlock your car door by forcing it through the key hole. Take the VIN (Vehicle Id … entification Number) along with some ID (your license) to the dealership and they will make you a new key. No damage done this way. ", "The surefire way to unlock a car door is with another key for that car. Personally, I don't like those little magnetic boxes so I carry a spare in a wallet insert. Once upon a time, AAA would cut plastic one-time-use copies of wallet keys for their members, perhaps they still do. Unlock the car with the key you attached to the underside of your car with a magnet. I was doing some work on my car a few years ago and I found a key behind the muffler in one of those magnetic boxes.", "Use this to unlock your car when you lock your keys inside. According to YouTuber assertivecrystalgg45, all you need is a door stop/wooden wedge and a long metal rod. To break in, you insert the wedge into the top part of the driver's side door until it makes a small opening. ", "Save. Opening a locked door without a key can seem like a difficult task. But with a few tools, you can create a key and open the locked door. Simple items you can find around the house, such as an Allen wrench, screwdriver, paper clip, straight pin and safety pin, can open a variety of doors. Before starting, read these helpful tips" ], "url": [ "http://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifestyle/how-to-unlock-a-car-door-without-keys.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_7314452_unlock-car-doors-key.html", "http://lock-picking.wonderhowto.com/how-to/open-door-lock-without-key-15-tips-for-getting-inside-car-house-when-locked-out-0147386/", "http://www.talklocal.com/blog/2012/09/s/auto-repair/car-door-will-not-unlock-with-the-key/", "http://www.carnewscafe.com/2014/11/unlock-car-door-without-keys/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_unlock_a_car_door_without_the_key", "http://ask.metafilter.com/273644/Whats-the-most-surefire-easy-way-to-unlock-a-car-door-without-the-key", "http://lifehacker.com/5848743/break-into-your-car-the-safe-and-easy-way", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4809693_unlock-locked-door-key.html" ] }

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[ "Chest pain or discomfort that occurs if an area of your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Angina is usually caused by coronary heart disease. When the arteries that supply your heart muscle with blood and oxygen become narrowed, the blood supply to your heart muscle is restricted. This can cause the symptoms of angina. Angina. Angina is a pain or discomfort felt in your chest, which is usually caused by coronary heart disease. Some people feel the pain in their arm, neck, stomach or jaw. Angina often feels like a heaviness or tightness in your chest, and this may spread to your arms, neck, jaw, back or stomach as well", "Pain and discomfort are the main symptoms of angina. Angina often is described as pressure, squeezing, burning, or tightness in the chest. The pain or discomfort usually starts behind the breastbone. Pain from angina also can occur in the arms, shoulders, neck, jaw, throat, or back. The pain may feel like indigestion", "Knowledge center. Angina-or angina pectoris (Latin for squeezing of the chest) - is chest pain, discomfort, or tightness that occurs when an area of the heart muscle is receiving decreased blood oxygen supply. It is not a disease itself, but rather a symptom of coronary artery disease, the most common type of heart disease. ", "Angina (an-JI-nuh or AN-juh-nuh) is chest pain or discomfort that occurs if an area of your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. Angina may feel like pressure or squeezing in your chest. The pain also can occur in your shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. Angina pain may even feel like indigestion. Angina isn't a disease; it's a symptom of an underlying heart problem. Angina usually is a symptom of coronary heart disease (CHD).", "Angina pectoris, commonly known as angina, is the sensation of chest pain, pressure, or squeezing, often due to ischemia of the heart muscle from obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries. ", "Learn more: Angina is chest pain or discomfort caused when your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. It may feel like pressure or squeezing in your chest. The discomfort also can occur in your shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. Angina pain may even feel like indigestion. But, angina is not a disease. It is a symptom of an underlying heart problem, usually coronary heart disease (CHD). ", "About Angina. Angina (an-JI-nuh or AN-juh-nuh) is chest pain or discomfort that occurs if an area of your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. Angina may feel like pressure or squeezing in your chest. The pain also can occur in your shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. Angina pain may even feel like indigestion. Angina isn't a disease; it's a symptom of an underlying heart problem. Angina usually is a symptom of coronary heart disease (CHD). ", "Angina Symptoms. Most people feel angina symptoms in the chest. The most common symptom is chest pain or pressure, or a strange feeling in the chest. But you might feel symptoms in other parts of your body. Some people feel pain, pressure, or a strange feeling in the back, neck, jaw, or upper belly, or in one or both shoulders or arms. ", "Angina, or angina pectoris, is a medical term for the symptoms caused by the heart not getting enough oxygen from the arteries that supply the heart with blood. When these arteries become narrowed or blocked over time, it is called coronary artery disease (CAD) , and it can cause angina. " ], "url": [ "https://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/conditions/angina.aspx", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/angina/signs", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8886.php", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/angina/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angina_pectoris", "http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HeartAttack/SymptomsDiagnosisofHeartAttack/Angina-Chest-Pain_UCM_450308_Article.jsp", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001247/", "http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/angina-symptoms", "http://secondscount.org/heart-condition-centers/angina-chest-pain" ] }

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[ "Exercise" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "How to Reduce Insulin Levels in 15 Minutes. Increased insulin levels are closely associated with type-2 diabetes. This happens because the body begins to resist insulin and as a result blood sugar levels increase. As the body adjusts to normally high levels of insulin it begins requiring high levels of insulin to keep glucose in a normal blood sugar range.", "Insulin is a hormone that facilitates the transport of blood sugar (glucose) from the bloodstream into cells throughout the body for use as fuel. In response to the normal increase in blood sugar after a meal, the pancreas secretes insulin into the bloodstream.", "Insulin is also released when glucose is present in the blood. After eating carbohydrates, blood glucose levels rise. Insulin makes it possible for glucose to enter our body's cells-without glucose in our cells they would not be able to function. Without insulin the glucose cannot enter our cells.", "Insulin (from the Latin, insula meaning island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas. It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood to skeletal muscles and fat tissue and by causing fat to be stored rather than used for energy.", "It makes our body's cells absorb glucose from the blood. The glucose is stored in the liver and muscle as glycogen and stops the body from using fat as a source of energy. When there is very little insulin in the blood, or none at all, glucose is not taken up by most body cells.", "Alternatively there is a recent study showing how to reduce insulin levels naturally and how to lower insulin levels with exercise. The study shows that exercise can have an immediate effect on insulin levels and can even reduce insulin levels in as little as 15 minutes a day.", "Continue ReadingPatient Guide to Insulin: About Diabetes. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy or to store glucose for future use. Insulin helps keeps your blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia)." ], "url": [ "http://www.howtolivealongerlife.com/2009/05/how-to-reduce-insulin-levels-in-15.html", "http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/ART03085/Insulin-Resistance.html", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/whatisinsulin.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/whatisinsulin.php", "http://www.howtolivealongerlife.com/2009/05/how-to-reduce-insulin-levels-in-15.html", "http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/type-1-diabetes/what-insulin" ] }

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[ "1.DNA is a double stranded molecule while RNA is a single stranded molecule.2.DNA is stable under alkaline conditions while RNA is not stable.3.DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, while RNA is ribonucleic acid.4.DNA uses the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine; RNA uses adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 DNA and RNA base pairing is slightly different, since DNA uses the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine; RNA uses adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine. 2 Uracil differs from thymine in that it lacks a methyl group on its ring. 1 DNA is a double stranded molecule while RNA is a single stranded molecule. 2 DNA is stable under alkaline conditions while RNA is not stable. 3 DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans.", "DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, while RNA is ribonucleic acid. Although DNA and RNA both carry genetic information, there are quite a few differences between them. This is a comparison of the differences between DNA versus RNA, including a quick summary and a detailed table of the differences. 1 DNA is a double stranded molecule while RNA is a single stranded molecule. 2 DNA is stable under alkaline conditions while RNA is not stable. 3 DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans.", "(1) RNA is single-stranded while DNA is a double-stranded helix. (2) RNA also has uracil as its base while the DNA base is thymine. However, even with the differences in their structures, DNA and RNA have cooperating roles in the field of Cell Biology. - DNA contains a pentose sugar Deoxyribose, RNA contains the pentose sugar Ribose. A pentose is a 5-carbon sugar molecule. - DNA is limited to the nucleus, RNA is made in the nucleus, but can travel outside of it. - DNA has a nitrogenous base called Thymine, but RNA doesn't. Instead, RNA has Uracil", "1. RNA is usually single stranded while DNA is usually double stranded... 2. RNA nucleotides contain ribose as their sugar and DNA contains deoxyribose (a type of ribose without one oxygen molecule) 3. RNA uses the base Uracil which binds to Adenine while DNA uses Thymine as a base that binds to Adenine. 2. RNA contains the nitrgoenous base uracil instead of the nitrgoenous base thymine found in DNA. 3. RNA is usually single stranded unlike DNA which is a double helix.", "1 DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose. 2 The only difference between ribose and deoxyribose is that ribose has one more-OH group than deoxyribose, which has-H attached to the second (2') carbon in the ring. 1 DNA is a double stranded molecule while RNA is a single stranded molecule. 2 DNA is stable under alkaline conditions while RNA is not stable. 3 DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans.", "Report Abuse. 1. DNA contains deoxyribose while RNA contains ribose. 2. RNA contains the nitrgoenous base uracil instead of the nitrgoenous base thymine found in DNA. 3. RNA is usually single stranded unlike DNA which is a double helix.", "1 The only difference between ribose and deoxyribose is that ribose has one more-OH group than deoxyribose, which has-H attached to the second (2') carbon in the ring. 2 DNA is a double stranded molecule while RNA is a single stranded molecule. 3 DNA is stable under alkaline conditions while RNA is not stable. 1 DNA is a double stranded molecule while RNA is a single stranded molecule. 2 DNA is stable under alkaline conditions while RNA is not stable. 3 DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans.", "DNA is two stranded while RNA is usually one stranded. DNA uses a deoxyribose sugar while RNA uses a ribose sugar. DNA has the base thymine while RNA uses uracil in it's place. RNA is catalytic, while DNA is only an information storage molecule. Three of the nitrogenous bases are the same for both RNA and DNA: guanine, adenine, and cytosine. Thymine, the fourth base pair found in DNA, is replaced by uracil in RNA. DNA has deoxyribose sugar while RNA has ribose sugar. The deoxyribose sugar has one less oxygen atom than the", "DNA is two stranded while RNA is usually one stranded. DNA uses a deoxyribose sugar while RNA uses a ribose sugar. DNA has the base thymine while RNA uses uracil in it's place … . RNA is catalytic, while DNA is only an information storage molecule. Thymine, the fourth base pair found in DNA, is replaced by uracil in RNA. DNA has deoxyribose sugar while RNA has ribose sugar. The deoxyribose sugar has one less oxygen atom than the ribose sugar. DNA is longer than RNA because DNA contains all the genes of the organism and more besides." ], "url": [ "http://chemistry.about.com/od/lecturenoteslab1/a/Dna-Versus-Rna.htm", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/lecturenoteslab1/a/Dna-Versus-Rna.htm", "http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-similarities-differences-between-dna-rna-65255", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090318135335AA2Ur5l", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/lecturenoteslab1/a/Dna-Versus-Rna.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090318135335AA2Ur5l", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/lecturenoteslab1/a/Dna-Versus-Rna.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/DNA_differs_from_RNA_in_that_DNA", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_DNA_different_from_RNA" ] }

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[ "Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, primates, rodents and marsupials." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Science Main Index. Animals with an internal skeleton made of bone are called vertebrates. Vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, primates, rodents and marsupials. Although vertebrates represent only a very small percentage of all animals, their size and mobility often allow them to dominate their environment.", "THE VERTEBRATES Chordates (phylum Chordata) are deuterostome coelomates whose nearest relatives in the animal kingdom are the echinoderms, the only other deuterostomes. However, unlike echinoderms, chordates are characterized by a notochord, jointed appendages, and segmentation.", "Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spinal column, also called vertebrae. These animals include fish, birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles.", "Vertebrates Defintion. Vertebrate are the animals belonging to the sub-phylum Vertebrata. They belong to the Phylum Chordata. The characteristics of phylum chordata is the presence of notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord and paired pharyngeal gill slits.", "Dogs, cats, bears, humans and most other large animals today are members of the vertebrate class Mammalia. All mammals conceive their young within the reproductive tract of the mother and, after birth, nourish them with milk produced by their mammary glands.", "To date, nearly 2 million species of invertebrates have been identified. These 2 million species make up about 98% of the total animals identified in the entire animal kingdom, i.e. , 98 out of 100 types of animals in the world today are invertebrates. On the other hand, vertebrates only form 2% of the animal species.", "Animals can be classified into two main groups: vertebrates and invertebrates. The main difference between vertebrates and invertebrates is that invertebrates, like insects and flatworms, do not have a backbone or a spinal column. Examples of vertebrates include humans, birds, and snakes." ], "url": [ "http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/AnimalIndexV.htm", "http://www2.fiu.edu/~longoria/gly1101/mammals.pdf", "http://www.ducksters.com/animals/vertebrates.php", "http://biology.tutorvista.com/organism/vertebrates.html", "http://anthro.palomar.edu/animal/animal_4.htm", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Invertebrate_vs_Vertebrate", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Invertebrate_vs_Vertebrate" ] }

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[ "The Last Supper or Communion is supposed to be observed as a Memorial to our Lord Jesus Christ. Jesus Himself instructed his disciples to do this in remembrance of me." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Christians don't celebrate the Last Supper. Jesus had the Last Supper with his disciples before He went to the cross. What we celebrate is known as the Lord's Supper. The rea … son the celebration of the Lord's Supper is significant to Christians is that Jesus told us to celebrate it to remember his sacrifice for us. Jesus did many things at the Last Supper. The main one, though, was the first communion. Communion is a ritual done by the Christian church and it is modeled after what Christ … did during", "The Passover celebration that Jesus kept with His disciples is referred to as the Last Supper. The apostle Paul describes it like this: the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, 'This is my body which is for you. First held when Jesus kept the Passover feast with His disciples on the evening before He was betrayed, the Lord's Supper, or Christian Communion, looks back to the death of our Lord and ahead to His victory over death at the resurreciton, as well as His coming again to earth at the end of the age.", "Christians don't celebrate the Last Supper. Jesus had the Last Supper with his disciples before He went to the cross. What we celebrate is known as the Lord's Supper. The rea … son the celebration of the Lord's Supper is significant to Christians is that Jesus told us to celebrate it to remember his sacrifice for us. I must note that observing the Lords Supper is serious business and should be done in a totally respectful manner only to honor Christ Jesus. The Last Supper is important to Christians for what it commemorates-the suffering and death of their Lord and Saviour.", "The Last Supper or Communion is supposed to be observed as a Memorial to our Lord Jesus Christ. Jesus Himself instructed his disciples to do this in remembrance of Me. You can find this quote in the book of Luke, Chapter 22, verse 19. I must note that observing the Lords Supper is serious business and should be done in a totally respectful manner only to honor Christ Jesus. The Last Supper is important to Christians for what it commemorates-the suffering and death of their Lord and Saviour.", "Extracts from this document... Introduction. The Last Supper Question 1: Jesus' last meal with the disciples has become very important for Christians today. Using Mark's Gospel explain this importance for Jesus and his disciples. Christians throughout the world, have many different names, practices, and interpretations of the Last Supper. The Last Supper Question 1: Jesus' last meal with the disciples has become very important for Christians today. Using Mark's Gospel explain this importance for Jesus and his disciples", "Typically, the Passover meal was a family celebration. However, at the Last Supper, the apostles were alone with Jesus (Luke 22:14), which suggests that this particular meal has specific meaning for the church, of which the apostles were the foundation (Ephesians 2:20).", "Question: What is the meaning and importance of the Last Supper?. Answer: The Last Supper is recorded in the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew 26:17-30; Mark 14:12-26; Luke 22:7-30). It was both a Passover meal and the last meal Jesus had with His apostles before His arrest and subsequent crucifixion. However, at the Last Supper, the apostles were alone with Jesus (Luke 22:14), which suggests that this particular meal has specific meaning for the church, of which the apostles were the foundation (Ephesians 2:20).", "Answered by The Community. Making the world better, one answer at a time. The Last Supper is important to Christians for what it commemorates-the suffering and death of their Lord and Saviour. Jesus began this practice 'on the night when He was betrayed,' in the shadow of the cross. Jesus did many things at the Last Supper. The main one, though, was the first communion. Communion is a ritual done by the Christian church and it is modeled after what Christ … did during" ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_last_supper_important_to_Christians_today", "http://www.compellingtruth.org/Lords-Supper.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_Last_Supper_important_to_Christians", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_Last_Supper_important_to_Christians", "http://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/religious-studies-philosophy-and-ethics/the-last-supper.html", "http://www.gotquestions.org/Last-Supper.html", "http://www.gotquestions.org/Last-Supper.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_last_supper_important_to_Christians_today" ] }

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[ "Headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, tinnitus, vertigo, hearing impairment, sweating, flushing, and blurred vision, to deafness, blindness, serious cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, and circulatory collapse." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Treatment Options. Treatment will also involve supportive care, which consists of treating symptoms that occur as a result of the overdose. Supportive treatment options for a quinine overdose may include fluids through an intravenous (IV) line and medications to increase blood pressure.", "OVERDOSE. Quinine overdose can be associated with serious complications, including visual impairment, hypoglycemia, cardiac arrhythmias, and death. Visual impairment can range from blurred vision and defective color perception, to visual field constriction and permanent blindness.", "Cinchonism or quinism is a pathological condition caused by an overdose of quinidine or its natural source, cinchona bark. Quinine is medically used to treat malaria.", "Most symptoms of cinchonism (except in severe cases) are reversible and disappear once quinine is withdrawn. Quinine, like chloroquine, inactivates enzymes in the lysosomes of cells, and has an anti-inflammatory effect, hence its use in rheumatoid arthritis.", "In much smaller amounts, quinine is an ingredient of tonic drinks, acting as a bittering agent. Cinchonism can occur from therapeutic doses of quinine, either from one or several large doses. Quinidine (Class 1A anti-arrhythmic) can also cause cinchonism symptoms to develop with as little as a single dose.", "Cinchonism occurs in virtually all patients with quinine overdose. Symptoms range from headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, tinnitus, vertigo, hearing impairment, sweating, flushing, and blurred vision, to deafness, blindness, serious cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, and circulatory collapse." ], "url": [ "http://malaria.emedtv.com/quinine/quinine-overdose.html", "http://www.rxlist.com/qualaquin-drug/overdosage-contraindications.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchonism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchonism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchonism", "http://www.rxlist.com/qualaquin-drug/overdosage-contraindications.htm" ] }

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[ "Change Your Password." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Or maybe you can log in to your email, but find that your inbox is suddenly empty and all of your contacts have been deleted. No matter what tips you off, when your email is hacked (notice I say when, not if, here), the impact can be disastrous. If the wizards who hacked into your account forgot to change your password and you can still log in – do it immediately and change that password.", "If your email account is compromised, there are things you can do. Bonora and other experts say these are the smart steps you should take: 1 Recognize the signs. 2 Occasionally, a sender’s address (and other parts of the header) are altered to hide the true source of an email. 3 This is called spoofing.. 1 You’ll want to proceed as if your computer has a virus or other malicious software that places all the personal data at risk, Bonora says. 2 Notify friends. 3 Use a different email address or another form of contact to warn friends and contacts not to open anything from your compromised email address.", "Change your Yahoo password if your Yahoo account has been hacked. Sign in to Yahoo and click Change Your Password.. Type in a new password and confirm it. Click Continue twice. Change your Outlook.com password if your Hotmail or Outlook.com account has been hacked. Log in to your Microsoft account and click Security and Password.. Microsoft needs to send you a security code, so select an email address from the first drop-down menu and then type in that email address in the next fiel", "If you think your e-mail list was compromised or harvested from an e-mail you previously sent you can change your password but all that will do is confirm that these e-mails are being sent from a third party without your knowledge. ", "Or maybe you can log in to your email, but find that your inbox is suddenly empty and all of your contacts have been deleted. No matter what tips you off, when your email is hacked (notice I say when, not if, here), the impact can be disastrous. Check your email folders. Folks have a tendency to send financial or personally identifiable information to others via email and then archive the offending email in a file in their system. If so, immediately go to whatever account is identified and change the user ID and password.", "// Rant + Technology. (IMPORTANT: Before I get to my story, if your Yahoo! email has been hacked I recommend that you immediately change your password, update your security questions and ensure your Yahoo! Mobile and Y! Messenger are both up-to-date. Also, when you are hacked and you recover your account, go through ALL your email and account settings to make sure that additional accounts, forwarding accounts, vacation replies, different reply to addresses have not been created. I have seen all of this on different customer’s accounts.", "Change your Gmail password if your Gmail account has been hacked. Log in to Gmail, click the arrow by your account name, click the Account link, click the Security tab and click Change Password.. Type in your current password. Type in a new password twice and click Change Password.. Sign in to Yahoo and click Change Your Password.. Type in a new password and confirm it. Click Continue twice. Change your Outlook.com password if your Hotmail or Outlook.com", "If you’re not so lucky, the hacker changed your password too, locking you out of your account. If that’s the case, you’ll need to reclaim your account, usually a matter of using the “forgot your password” link and answering your security questions or using your backup email address. Check out the specific recommendations for reclaiming possession of your account for Gmail, Outlook.com and Hotmail, Yahoo! and AOL." ], "url": [ "http://abcnews.go.com/Business/top-things-email-hacked/story?id=19715483", "http://us.norton.com/yoursecurityresource/detail.jsp?aid=email_hacked", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8333452_fix-hacked-email.html", "http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/protect/forum/mse-protect_scanning/my-email-address-list-has-been-hacked/8e1d17b7-087f-e011-9b4b-68b599b31bf5", "http://blog.credit.com/2013/07/things-to-do-when-your-email-is-hacked-67568/", "http://www.blindfiveyearold.com/yahoo-email-hacked", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8333452_fix-hacked-email.html", "http://www.techlicious.com/tip/what-to-do-when-your-email-gets-hacked/" ] }

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[ "Ground or earth is the reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured, a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Grounding is a method of giving electricity the most effect way to return to the service panel. You see current flows from the panel to the outlet or device to power it up. The neutral wire is the return path for unused current. The ground wire is an additional path for electrical current to return safely to ground without danger to anyone in the event of a short circuit. In that instant, the short would cause the current to flow through the ground wire, causing a fuse to blow or a circuit breaker to trip.", "Part of the Smart grid glossary: A ground is a direct electrical connection to the earth, a connection to a particular point in an electrical or electronic circuit, or an indirect connection that operates as the result of capacitance between wireless equipment and the earth or a large mass of conductive material. A chassis ground is a connection to the main chassis of a piece of electronic or electrical equipment. In older appliances and in desktop computers, this is a metal plate, usually copper or aluminum. In some modern equipment, it is a foil run on the main printed circuit board, usually running around the periphery.", "Ground or earth in a mains (AC power) electrical wiring system is a conductor that provides a low-impedance path back to the source to prevent hazardous voltages from appearing on equipment. (The terms ground and earth are used synonymously here. Neutral is a circuit conductor that normally carries current, and is connected to ground (earth) at the main electrical panel. In the electrical trade, the conductor of a 2-wire circuit connected to the supply neutral point and earth ground is referred to as the neutral.", "In electrical engineering, ground or earth is the reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured, a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth. Strictly speaking, the terms grounding or earthing are meant to refer to an electrical connection to ground/earth. Bonding is the practice of intentionally electrically connecting metallic items not designed to carry electricity.", "Answers. Best Answer: It has several meanings. And a circuit may have several different grounds. The basic meaning is to connect to the earth (and earth is a term used in UK instead of ground) via a heavy copper wire to a copper plate buried in the ground. That plate is connected to the ground/earth wire in your 3 wire AC power distribution system, aka AC mains, aka AC power", "Report Abuse. Ground means the earth, where excess electrons are sent. In a 3 pronged plug, one prong is for incoming electrons, 1 prong for leaving electrons, and the larger prong is for excess electrons to be sent into the ground so that they do not hurt you or equipment. science teacher · 6 years ago. Thumbs up", "Grounded conductor-A system or circuit conductor that is intentionally connected to ground. This conductor has also been referred to as the neutral or common conductor. Grounding conductor-a conductor used to connect equipment or the grounded circuit of a wiring system to the grounding electrode (s). Ungrounded conductor-A current carrying conductor not connected to ground. Device-A unit of an electrical system that is intended to carry but not utilize electricity. ", "For uses of the term ground or earth in electricity but not in the context of mains wiring, see ground (electricity) . As the neutral point of an electrical supply system is often connected to earth ground, ground and neutral are closely related. Under certain conditions, a conductor used to connect to a system neutral is also used for grounding (earthing) of equipment and structures. Neutral is a circuit conductor that normally carries current, and is connected to ground (earth) at the main electrical panel. In the electrical trade, the conductor of a 2-wire circuit connected to the supply neutral point and earth ground is referred to as the neutral." ], "url": [ "http://electrical.about.com/od/wiringcircuitry/a/What-Is-Grounding-And-How-Does-It-Work.htm", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/ground", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_and_neutral", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_%28electricity%29", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091214161817AAwDuoU", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090913154345AAjEtpW", "http://www.magnuminspections.com/Basic_Electrical_Terms.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_and_neutral" ] }

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[ "On March 22, 1765, the British Parliament passed the “Stamp Act” to help pay for British troops stationed in the colonies during the Seven Years’ War. The act required the colonists to pay a tax, represented by a stamp, on various forms of papers, documents, and playing cards." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Play video. Lead Story. Stamp Act imposed on American colonies. In an effort to raise funds to pay off debts and defend the vast new American territories won from the French in the Seven Years’ War (1756-1763), the British government passes the Stamp Act on this day in 1765.", "click image for larger picture On March 22, 1765, the Stamp Act was passed by Parliament without debate and was to become effective November 1 of that year. ", "~~~~~ was passed in March 1765 and became effective November 1, 1765 in the colonies ~~~~~. To pay for some of the costs of the French and Indian War, in March of 1765, Lord George Grenville asked the English Parliament to impose the Stamp Act. This was the first direct tax on the American colonies. On October 7, 1765, representatives from nine colonies attend the Stamp Act Congress in New York City. This Congress passes a resolution to be sent to King George III and the English Parliament.", "The Stamp Act was passed by Parliament on March 22, 1765 with an effective date of November 1, 1765. It passed 205–49 in the House of Commons and unanimously in the House of Lords. Historians Edmund and Helen Morgan describe the specifics of the tax: The Stamp Act Congress was held in New York in October 1765. Twenty-seven delegates from nine colonies were the members of the Congress and their responsibility was to draft a set of formal petitions stating why Parliament had no right to tax them.", "The Stamp Act of 1765 (short title Duties in American Colonies Act 1765; 5 George III, c. 12) was a direct tax imposed by the British Parliament specifically on the colonies of British America. The act required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in Lond…. The Stamp Act of 1765 was the first example of the British Crown imposing a direct tax on its American colonists. The act required that all legal documents, permits, commercial contracts, newspapers, wills, pamphlets, and playing cards in the American colonies be printed on stamp paper (a special ….", "The Stamp Act was introduced by the British prime minister George Grenville and passed by the British Parliament in 1765 as a means of raising revenue in the American colonies. ", "The Stamp Act was passed on March 22, 1765, but the Stamp Act Congress (a group of people from nine colonies) came together to form a statement protesting the Stamp Act. This was the first action of protesting the Stamp Act. Finally, British Parliament stopped the Stamp Act in 1776. The Stamp Act started when George Grenville came up with the idea to tax colonists so the British Parliament would get the colonists money. On March 22, 1765, the Stamp Act was passed.", "The Stamp Act. When Parliament passed the Stamp Act in March 1765, things changed. It was the first direct tax on the American colonies. Every legal document had to be written on specially stamped paper, showing proof of payment. The Stamp Act of 1765 was not the first attempt to tax the American colonies. Parliament had passed the Sugar Act and Currency Act the previous year. Because tax was collected at ports though, it was easily circumvented. Indirect taxes such as these were also much less visible to the consumer", "The Stamp Act, 1765. A primary source by George III. View this item in the Collection. On March 22, 1765, the British Parliament passed the “Stamp Act” to help pay for British troops stationed in the colonies during the Seven Years’ War. The act required the colonists to pay a tax, represented by a stamp, on various forms of papers, documents, and playing cards. " ], "url": [ "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/british-pass-stamp-act", "http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/history/stamp-act.html", "http://www.hobart.k12.in.us/gemedia/amrev/revwar/stampact.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765", "http://www.answers.com/Q/FAQ/22081", "http://www.lexrex.com/enlightened/laws/stampact.htm", "http://www.crareacatholic.com/lasalle/Resources/8th%20Websites/Holly,%20Bethany,%20Jen%20Rev%20War/Bethany%20Chambers%20Rev%20War/Stamp_Act.html", "http://www.ushistory.org/us/9b.asp", "https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/road-revolution/resources/stamp-act-1765" ] }

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[ "To generate mature T lymphocytes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A Riverside Center for Neurosciences answered. The thymus is a gland that contributes to the development of your immune system. It helps some of the cells that are part of your immune system become able to distinguish between foreign material and your own body. ", "As the thymus is the organ of T-cell development, any congenital defect in thymic genesis or a defect in thymocyte development can lead to a profound T cell deficiency in primary immunodeficiency disease. In the two thymic lobes, hematopoietic precursors from the bone-marrow, referred to as thymocytes, mature into T-cells. Once mature, T-cells emigrate from the thymus and constitute the peripheral T-cell repertoire responsible for directing many facets of the adaptive immune system.", "The thymus gland is located in the neck above the heart. The function of the thymus gland is to generate mature T lymphocytes (white blood cels that help the immune system fight off illness).", "The thymus lives in your chest, between your breast bone and your heart. It is responsible for producing T-cells (see the next section), and is especially important in newborn babies-without a thymus a baby's immune system collapses and the baby will die.", "The thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. Within the thymus, T cells or T lymphocytes mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts specifically to foreign invaders. The thymus is composed of two identical lobes and is located anatomically in the anterior superior mediastinum, in front of the heart and behind the sternum. In the two thymic lobes, hematopoietic precursors from the bone-marrow, referred to as thymocytes, mature into T-cells. Once mature, T-cells emigrate from the thymus and constitute the peripheral T-cell repertoire responsible for directing many facets of the adaptiv", "The thymus gland, despite containing glandular tissue and producing several hormones, is much more closely associated with the immune system than with the endocrine system. The thymus serves a vital role in the training and development of T-lymphocytes or T cells, an extremely important type of white blood cell. T cells defend the body from potentially deadly pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The thymus is a soft, roughly triangular organ located in the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity anterior and superior to the heart and posterior to the sternum....", "The immune system is used to prevent and destroy infection from various pathogens in the body. It consists of the circulatory system, lymphatic system, bone marrow, spleen and … thymus gland. The first line of defense is against all foreign invaders. It is what is responsible for keeping you healthy. ", "The thymus gland is an organ in the upper chest cavity that processes lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that fights infections in the body. This organ is part of both the lymphatic system, which makes up a major part of the immune system, and the endocrine system, which includes all glands that produce hormones. ", "The thymus seems to be much less important in adults-for example, you can remove it and an adult will live because other parts of the immune system can handle the load. However, the thymus is important, especially to T cell maturation (as we will see in the section on white blood cells below). The spleen filters the blood looking for foreign cells (the spleen is also looking for old red blood cells in need of replacement). It is responsible for producing T-cells (see the next section), and is especially important in newborn babies-without a thymus a baby's immune system collapses and the baby will die.", "Thymus. The thymus gland is the main organ of the lymphatic system. Located in the upper chest region, the primary function of this gland is to promote the development of specific cells of the immune system called T lymphocytes. Summary. The thymus gland acts to regulate the immune system through the development of immune cells responsible for cell mediated immunity. In addition to immune function, the thymus also produces hormones that promote growth and maturation." ], "url": [ "https://www.sharecare.com/health/immune-lymphatic-system-health/role-thymus-play-myasthenia-gravis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/immune-lymphatic-system-health/the-function-of-thymus-gland", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/immune/immune-system6.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus", "http://www.innerbody.com/image_endoov/lymp04-new.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_thymus_do_in_the_immune_system", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-thymus-gland.htm", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/immune/immune-system6.htm", "http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/ss/thymus.htm" ] }

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[ "The extent to which one identifies with a particular ethnic group(s). Refers to one s sense of belonging to an ethnic group and the part of one s thinking, perceptions, feelings, and behavior that is due to ethnic group membership.", "The extent to which one identifies with a particular ethnic group(s). Refers to one s sense of belonging to an ethnic group and the part of one s thinking, perceptions, feelings, and behavior that is due to ethnic group membership." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Ethnic Identity Achievement-This stage is characterized by clarity about one’s ethnic identity. 2 The achievement phase includes a secure, confident, and stable sense of self. Others have found evidence of a behavioral component of ethnic identity development, separate from cognition and affect, and pertaining to one's ethnic identity. Ethnic identity development points toward the importance of allowing an individual to self-identify ethnicity during data collection.", "The fact that there is no widely agreed upon definition of ethnic identity is indicative of the confusion surrounding the topic. Typically, ethnic identity is an affiliative construct, where an individual is viewed by themselves and by others as belonging to a particular ethnic or cultural group. An individual can choose to associate with a group especially if other choices are available (i.e., the person is of mixed ethnic or racial heritage). The construct, ethnic identity, can best be understood through an examination of its etymological origins. The term ethnic has Latin and Greek origins – ethnicus and ethnikas both meaning nation. It can and has been used historically to refer to people as heathens. Ethos, in Greek, means custom, disposition or trait.", "Ethnic identity development includes self-categorization in, and psychological attachment toward, an ethnic group(s). Ethnic identity is characterized as part of one’s overarching self-concept. Others have found evidence of a behavioral component of ethnic identity development, separate from cognition and affect, and pertaining to one's ethnic identity. Ethnic identity development points toward the importance of allowing an individual to self-identify ethnicity during data collection.", "In this way, cultural identity is both characteristic of the individual but also of the culturally identical group of members sharing the same cultural identity. Cultural identity is similar to and overlaps with identity politics. Some critics of cultural identity argue that the preservation of cultural identity, being based upon difference, is a divisive force in society, and that cosmopolitanism gives individuals a greater sense of shared citizenship.", "Broadly, socialization in the context of ethnic identity development refers to the acquisition of behaviors, perceptions, values, and attitudes of an ethnic group(s). This process recognizes that feelings about one’s ethnic group(s) can be influenced by family, peers, community, and larger society. Others have found evidence of a behavioral component of ethnic identity development, separate from cognition and affect, and pertaining to one's ethnic identity. Ethnic identity development points toward the importance of allowing an individual to self-identify ethnicity during data collection.", "Development of ethnic identity is described as a process of the construction of identity over time, due to a combination of experience and actions of the individual and includes gaining knowledge and understanding of in-group(s) , as well as a sense of belonging to an ethnic group(s). Others have found evidence of a behavioral component of ethnic identity development, separate from cognition and affect, and pertaining to one's ethnic identity. Ethnic identity development points toward the importance of allowing an individual to self-identify ethnicity during data collection.", "The extent to which one identifies with a particular ethnic group(s). Refers to one s sense of belonging to an ethnic group and the part of one s thinking, perceptions, feelings, and behavior that is due to ethnic group membership. The ethnic group tends to be one in which the individual claims heritage (Phinney, 1996). CULTURE/SOCIAL IDENTITY: An individual s identity as a multi-faceted human being. Identity is composed of other facets of social/cultural background. (aspects include such things as language preference, sexual orientation, age, gender, religion, social class, generation, and so on).", "Symbolic ethnic identity usually implies that individuals choose their identity, however to some extent the cultural elements of the ethnic or racial group have a modest influence on their behavior (Kivisto & Nefzger, 1993). The construct, ethnic identity, can best be understood through an examination of its etymological origins. The term ethnic has Latin and Greek origins – ethnicus and ethnikas both meaning nation. It can and has been used historically to refer to people as heathens. Ethos, in Greek, means custom, disposition or trait." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_identity_development", "http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/trimble/research_themes/ethnicity_identity.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_identity_development", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_identity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_identity_development", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_identity_development", "http://www.uky.edu/Classes/FAM/357/fam544/ethnic_identity.htm", "http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/trimble/research_themes/ethnicity_identity.htm" ] }

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[ "A tariff code is a product-specific code as documented in the Harmonized System (HS) maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "You won't believe these 10 facts about people. A tariff code is a number assigned to each type of product sold internationally. Each tariff code is issued by the World Customs Organization (WCO) through a database called the Harmonized System. The number of digits for each product ranges from six digits for common products to 10 digits for niche items. The rule of thumb is that each additional set of digits indicates an increasingly specialized type of product. Tariff codes are not solely used by the WCO and national governments to collect taxes. A tariff code might be a red flag to security officials tasked with enforcing national trade restrictions.", "The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, also known as the Harmonized System (HS) of tariff nomenclature is an internationally standardized system of names and numbers to classify traded products. Under the HS Convention, the contracting parties are obliged to base their tariff schedules on the HS nomenclature, although parties set their own rates of duty. The HS is organized into 21 sections and 96 chapters, accompanied with general rules of interpretation and explanatory notes.", "Schedule provides the applicable tariff rates and statistical categories for all merchandise imported into the United States; it is based on the international Harmonized System, the global classification system that is used to describe most world trade in goods. ", "A tariff code is a product-specific code as documented in the Harmonized System (HS) maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO). Tariff codes exist for almost every product involved in global commerce. Required on official shipping documents for tax assessment purposes, a tariff code ensures uniformity of product classification world wide. A complete tariff code is no less than six digits and can be up to ten. The more digits in a tariff code string, the more specific the product it identifies. A string of less than six digits is considered a partial tariff code and represents a broad product category or chapter of products in the HS", "Schedule B and Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) codes for Computer Hardware. Prepared by: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Technology and Electronic Commerce. The Harmonized System is intended to serve as a universally accepted classification system for trade data reporting purposes. ", "Tariff classification of goods is one of the more complex issues under the Customs and Excise Act. Tariff classification relates to the proper classification of goods within the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (tariff book). All import and export commercial transactions require commodities on Customs declarations to be classified according to an appropriate tariff heading. The tariff classification code is directly linked to the rate of duty payable on that commodity. Classification operates as part of the international Harmonised Commodity and Coding System, under the WCO Harmonised System Convention", "A tariff is a tax on imports or exports (an international trade tariff). In other languages and very occasionally in English, tariff or its equivalent may also be used to describe any list of prices (electrical tariff, etc.). The government gains from the taxes. It charges an amount PtPt' of tariff for every good imported. Since S*D* goods are imported, the government gains an area of C and E. However, there is a Deadweight loss of the triangles B and D, or in Diagram 1, the triangles labeled Societal Loss.", "Each tariff code can be broken down into three sections that dictate product category and subcategory. The first four digits of a tariff code represent the general category of the listed product. The WCO adds two or four digits depending on the number of subcategories within a product category. The rule of thumb is that each additional set of digits indicates an increasingly specialized type of product. Tariff codes are not solely used by the WCO and national governments to collect taxes. A tariff code might be a red flag to security officials tasked with enforcing national trade restrictions.", "A customs duty or due is the indirect tax levied on the import or export of goods in international trade. In economic sense, a duty is also a kind of consumption tax. A duty levied on goods being imported is referred to as an import duty. Similarly, a duty levied on exports is called an export duty. A tariff, which is actually a list of commodities along with the leviable rate (amount) of customs duty, is popularly referred to as a customs duty. The government gains from the taxes. It charges an amount PtPt' of tariff for every good imported. Since S*D* goods are imported, the government gains an area of C and E. However, there is a Deadweight loss of the triangles B and D, or in Diagram 1, the triangles labeled Societal Loss." ], "url": [ "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-tariff-code.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonized_System", "https://www.aacb.com/resources/tariff-lookup/", "https://www.ups.com/content/us/en/resources/sri/itl15.html", "http://web.ita.doc.gov/ITI/itiHome.nsf/b9031e32ebc3732985256dc500700adb/e7a31a16cd44df7285256cc40077edee", "http://www.sars.gov.za/ClientSegments/Customs-Excise/Pages/Tariff.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tariff", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-tariff-code.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tariff" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "My sister made this video of how to make a functioning model of the urinary system. Thanks to my Dad for all the help in making the model and video.", "Working Model of the Kidney. We found 19 results related to this asset. Working Model of the KidneyTyronis3My sister made this video of how to make a functioning model of the urinary system. Thanks to my Dad for all the help in making the model and video.kidney, model, functional, urinary, system, tutorial, instructions, make, how, biology, anatomy, bladder, renal, artery, vein, pelvis.", "Best Answer: It is a bit tough to do the working model of kidney.But I will tell u one of the way: U need to have a big box. In the front part of the box you have to do a model of kidney and then in the inside portion of the box.Connect pipes to the kidney as t works in our body.Thn pour water n through the pipes. If u have connected the pipes s the system works in our body.Then the wate poured wil *** out correctly.", "How can you make working model of kidney? You can't as it's a highly complex organic system, but could simulate what it does.One the kidneys primary functions ..." ], "url": [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-kEv0TggI-Q", "http://www.learningace.com/doc/6147065/85a4d286b4381aea6732fe2c23add8b4/working-model-of-the-kidney", "https://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100426001729AAKLOJ3", "http://www.howdonkey.com/21228-make-kidney-working-model/" ] }

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[ "Closing-or settlement or escrow-is essentially a meeting where the closing agent (the party who conducts settlement) takes in money from the buyers, pays out money to the owner and makes sure that the purchaser's title is properly recorded in local records along with any mortgage liens." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Double-Check the Money. Prior to the actual closing day, there are several things you should do to be certain that your real estate transaction will close on time, and that everything will go smoothly. A day or two before closing, you should review your final closing statement or HUD-1 Statement, whichever is used in your area of the country. ", "(2) Escrow. A commercial real estate closing will generally involve a more formal escrow process than in a residential transaction. Typically, the title agent will agree to hold the money, collect and record all documents, and wire out the money. Typically the term is used to refer to the inspection and investigation of real property, personal property or a business entity before a buyer makes the final decision whether to consummate a transaction. Below is a list of topics that a buyer or investor in real estate should consider and review prior to closing.", "Going through the process of buying or selling a house without the assistance of a qualified real estate attorney is usually a bad decision. Real estate transactions are complex legal cases that require skills and knowledge that most non-lawyers or non-real estate professionals do not have. 1 1 Edit step. 1. Set up an appointment for the closing with the other party. At the closing, both parties will sign their names to a number of documents, money will be paid, and the keys to the home will be handed over to the new owner.", "The real estate closing is also referred to as settlement. The two terms are interchangeable, though closing is the more common usage. This is the final step in a real estate purchase transaction. It's when property ownership is transferred from the seller to the buyer. There will also be a final distribution of funds on closing day. The sellers will receive a check for whatever proceeds they earned from the sale. Here are some specific things that happen on closing day: 1 The buyer (or the buyer's lender) will provide a check for the amount owed toward the purchase price of the house. 2 The seller will sign the deed over to the buyer. 3 This act officially transfers ownership to the buyer. 4 The seller will turn over the keys, as well.", "You don’t need a real estate agent to sell a house. You sure don’t need one to buy a house. Historically, about 20 percent of annual house sales are direct purchases between the buyer and the owner, though the definition of ‘by owner’ varies. ", "Real Estate Closing. Closing-or settlement or escrow-is essentially a meeting where the closing agent (the party who conducts settlement) takes in money from the buyers, pays out money to the owner and makes sure that the purchaser's title is properly recorded in local records along with any mortgage liens. In this case, the closing agent will compensate you for the prepayment at closing by having the buyer pay you additional money. It could also work in reverse. If you are behind on property taxes, the closing agent will reduce the money due to you at settlement by the amount of the unpaid taxes.", "(e) Limited Partnership at a Commercial Real Estate Closing. The key documents for a closing with a limited partnership in Massachusetts are a certified copy of the limited partnership certificate and a copy of the limited partnership agreement, certified by the general partner. Typically the term is used to refer to the inspection and investigation of real property, personal property or a business entity before a buyer makes the final decision whether to consummate a transaction. Below is a list of topics that a buyer or investor in real estate should consider and review prior to closing.", "Do not wait until the closing to address any of your concerns, but rather deal with them immediately or you will risk delaying the closing. If any problems arise that are too difficult for you to handle on your own, you should delay the closing and seek the advice of a real estate professional. 1. Set up an appointment for the closing with the other party. At the closing, both parties will sign their names to a number of documents, money will be paid, and the keys to the home will be handed over to the new owner.", "If you’re in this kind of situation (or if you just want to understand how the process works, inside-and-out), I want to show you the exact steps I use when I’m closing a real estate transaction in-house. The process is very similar, regardless of whether I’m buying or I’m selling a property. Being able to close a transaction in-house is a huge asset. By handling this entire process in-house, you can minimize paperwork and make the process much less intimidating for the person on the other end of your transaction.", "How much: Traditionally 6% split between buyer and seller agents; usually 3% to buyer's agent, 3% to seller's agent. Description: Payment for the work agents have done. All real estate agent/broker sales commissions are paid at closing. Who pays: Seller pays unless local custom dictates otherwise, or a deal to split commissions was negotiated and written into the sales and purchase contract." ], "url": [ "http://www.realestateabc.com/homeguide/closing.html", "http://dougcornelius.com/files/closing_commercial_real_estate_transactions.pdf", "http://www.wikihow.com/Do-Your-Own-Real-Estate-Closing", "http://homebuyinginstitute.com/closing.php", "http://www.forsalebyowner.com/real-estate-help/buying-a-house/home-search/find-a-real-estate-agent/buy-home-directly-owner/", "http://www.century21.com/sellingadvice/closingandbeyond/closing", "http://dougcornelius.com/files/closing_commercial_real_estate_transactions.pdf", "http://www.wikihow.com/Do-Your-Own-Real-Estate-Closing", "http://retipster.com/how-to-close-cash-transaction/", "http://www.zillow.com/home-buying-guide/how-much-are-closing-costs/" ] }

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[ "$4,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The average cost of eyelid surgery is $2,874, according to 2014 statistics from the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Blepharoplasty costs can vary widely. The average fee referenced above does not include anesthesia, operating room facilities or other related expenses. ", "The cost of eyelid surgery (blepharoplasty) varies based on several factors, including the expertise of the surgeon, extent of the procedure and whether it's done as a standalone surgery or in combination with other procedures, such as a brow lift or injectables. Other factors that may affect eyelid surgery cost include the surgeon's fee as well as the geographic location of his or her practice. Eyelid surgery cost is comprised primarily of anesthesia fees, facility fees and surgeon fees. The total cost can range from $2,000 to $5,000 or higher.", "The type of anesthesia used in the blepharoplasty procedure may cost between $400 and $600. There is also a fee for the use of the facility (surgical suite fee), which increases with the amount of time spent there. On average, eyelid surgery will cost around $4,000, though some doctors may charge as low as $2,000 and others as much as $7,000. The different types of eyelid surgery carry various price tags as well.", "1 Eyelid surgery, also known as blepharoplasty or an eyelid tuck, usually costs between $4,000 and $5,500 for the upper and lower eyelids. 2 This includes the anesthesia fee, facility fee and surgeon's fee. 1 This includes the anesthesia fee, facility fee and surgeon's fee. 2 The average surgeon's fee for eyelid surgery is $2,813, according to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery.", "Eyelid Surgery Cost. 1 Eyelid surgery, also known as blepharoplasty or an eyelid tuck, usually costs between $4,000 and $5,500 for the upper and lower eyelids. 1 This includes the anesthesia fee, facility fee and surgeon's fee. 2 The average surgeon's fee for eyelid surgery is $2,813, according to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery.", "Eyelid Surgery Cost: Breaking it Down. The average surgeon's fee for blepharoplasty is around $2,900, according to the most recent statistics from the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Other factors that may affect eyelid surgery cost include the surgeon's fee as well as the geographic location of his or her practice. Eyelid surgery cost is comprised primarily of anesthesia fees, facility fees and surgeon fees. The total cost can range from $2,000 to $5,000 or higher.", "In comparison to more major forms of cosmetic surgery, blepharoplasty can be done for a relatively low cost. On average, eyelid surgery will cost around $4,000, though some doctors may charge as low as $2,000 and others as much as $7,000. The different types of eyelid surgery carry various price tags as well.", "Eyelid Surgery Fees. When a patient pays for blepharoplasty, the cost is actually a combination of various fees, the most substantial of which is the surgeon’s fee. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, in 2004 the average surgeon’s fee for blepharoplasty was $2,523. On average, eyelid surgery will cost around $4,000, though some doctors may charge as low as $2,000 and others as much as $7,000. The different types of eyelid surgery carry various price tags as well.", "The national average for plastic surgeon fees for blepharoplasty is $3,528, according to the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Of course, this is just the average. Some surgeons charge less and others charge much more. Anesthesia fees for eyelid surgery can range from $400 to $800 depending on the nature and extent of the procedure, and the facility fee can be up to $1,000.", "The total cost for upper and lower blepharoplasty is about $4,000. For the lower lids, the total cost is around $2,500, and upper lid blepharoplasty costs about the same as the lower lid surgery. Eyelid surgery costs tend to be higher in urban areas — like New York City or Dallas — where overhead is more expensive and where surgeons are in greater demand. Some surgeons charge less and others charge much more. Anesthesia fees for eyelid surgery can range from $400 to $800 depending on the nature and extent of the procedure, and the facility fee can be up to $1,000." ], "url": [ "http://plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/eyelid-surgery.html?sub=Eyelid+surgery+cost", "http://www.yourplasticsurgeryguide.com/face-lift/eyelid-surgery-cost.htm", "http://www.docshop.com/education/cosmetic/face/eyelid-surgery/cost", "http://health.costhelper.com/eyelid-surgery.html", "http://health.costhelper.com/eyelid-surgery.html", "http://www.yourplasticsurgeryguide.com/face-lift/eyelid-surgery-cost.htm", "http://www.docshop.com/education/cosmetic/face/eyelid-surgery/cost", "http://www.docshop.com/education/cosmetic/face/eyelid-surgery/cost", "http://www.facialplasticsurgery.net/eyelid-surgery-cost.htm", "http://www.facialplasticsurgery.net/eyelid-surgery-cost.htm" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Colosseum, originally known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, is a large amphitheatre in the city of Rome. The construction of the Colosseum started around 70—72 AD and was finished in 80 AD. Emperor Vespasian started the works, and Emperor Titus completed them.", "The building of the Roman Colosseum was commissioned by the Emperor Vespasian of the Flavian family who died before it was completed. His oldest son, the Emperor Titus oversaw the completion and the inauguration of the amphitheatre in 80AD. During the reign of Titus there were water battles at the Roman Colosseum. When Titus died, 2 years later, his younger brother Domitian took the throne and during his reign he extended the Colosseum by adding another tier and also the Hypergeum.", "The Colosseum was the name of the coliseum in city center ancient Rome. The Colosseum is also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre. The Colosseum had seats for about 45,000 people, but if you were not lucky enough to get a seat there was also a standing section. When full, and it often was, it would hold 70,000 people.", "Parent Category: Ancient Rome. The Colosseum, originally known as the Flavian Amphitheater, is a huge elliptical structure that was commissioned by Emperor Vespasian in 72 AD. It is located in Rome, Italy, and is slightly east of the Roman Forum.", "The water battles at the Colosseum were abandoned after a very short space of time. Water Battles at the Colosseum The content of this Water Battles at the Colosseum category on life in Ancient Rome provides free educational details, facts and information for reference and research for schools, colleges and homework.", "Accounts of Water Battles at the Colosseum The Water Battles at the Colosseum were documented by Ancient Roman writers who recorded that the Colosseum was used for naumachiae (the Greek word for sea warfare) or simulated sea battles. Although experts cannot agree on how this was achieved." ], "url": [ "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosseum", "http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/colosseum/water-battles-at-the-colosseum.htm", "http://rome.mrdonn.org/colosseum.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/FAQ/10783", "http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/colosseum/water-battles-at-the-colosseum.htm", "http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/colosseum/water-battles-at-the-colosseum.htm" ] }

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[ "45-160 days, it have approximately two to eight weeks." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The incubation period of hepatitis E virus (HEV) is 2-9 weeks (average, 45 days). HEV usually causes an acute self-limited disease similar to HASV infection. Fulminant disease does occur in about 10% of cases. In women who are pregnant, HEV infection has a case-fatality rate of 15-20%. The incubation period for hepatitis B virus (HBV) is 30-180 days (average, approximately 75 days). Patients then enter the prodromal or preicteric phase, characterized by the gradual onset of anorexia, malaise, and fatigue.", "This period between hepatitis D transmission and the start of hepatitis D symptoms is called the hepatitis D incubation period.. The hepatitis D incubation period can be as short as 30 days or as long as 180 days. The length of the incubation period is dependent of the number of virus particles a person is exposed to. Infection with very few particles results in a longer incubation period. The hepatitis D incubation period is the time between transmission of the hepatitis D virus and the start of hepatitis D symptoms. When a person becomes infected with the hepatitis D virus (HDV) and has an active hepatitis B infection, the virus begins to multiply within the liver cells.", "An Overview of the Hepatitis D Incubation Period. For people who are infected with the hepatitis B virus at the same time as the hepatitis D virus, symptoms of hepatitis D can begin 4 weeks to 12 weeks (on average) after infection with the hepatitis D virus. The hepatitis D incubation period is the time between transmission of the hepatitis D virus and the start of hepatitis D symptoms. When a person becomes infected with the hepatitis D virus (HDV) and has an active hepatitis B infection, the virus begins to multiply within the liver cells.", "Transmission. The hepatitis B virus can survive outside the body for at least 7 days. During this time, the virus can still cause infection if it enters the body of a person who is not protected by the vaccine. The incubation period of the hepatitis B virus is 75 days on average, but can vary from 30 to 180 days. The virus may be detected within 30 to 60 days after infection and can persist and develop into chronic hepatitis B. ", "A person is contagious during the hepatitis D incubation period. Someone who is infected with hepatitis D begins to be contagious early in the incubation period. The point at which a person is thought to be most contagious is right before symptoms begin. If a person develops chronic hepatitis D, he or she remains contagious indefinitely. * For hepatitis B, the incubation period is between 4 and 20 weeks. * For hepatitis C, it's estimated that the incubation period is 2 to 26 weeks.", "E. Incubation period The incubation period for Hepatitis D superinfection is approximately two to eight weeks. When HBV and HDV viruses infect simultaneously, the incubation period is similar to that of HBV, 45-160 days with an average of 90 days. ", "Hepatitis A. The incubation period of hepatitis A virus (HAV) is 2-7 weeks (average, 28 days). Clinical symptoms then develop, often with a presentation similar to that of gastroenteritis or a viral respiratory infection. The incubation period for hepatitis B virus (HBV) is 30-180 days (average, approximately 75 days). Patients then enter the prodromal or preicteric phase, characterized by the gradual onset of anorexia, malaise, and fatigue.", "The incubation period following exposure to the hepatitis E virus ranges from 3 to 8 weeks, with a mean of 40 days. The period of communicability is unknown. The hepatitis E virus causes acute sporadic and epidemic viral hepatitis. Symptomatic infection is most common in young adults aged 15–40 years. ", "Hepatitis C. The incubation period for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is 15-150 days, with symptoms developing anywhere from 5-12 weeks after exposure. During acute HCV infection, symptoms may appear similar to those of HBV infection. In up to 80% of cases, however, patients are asymptomatic and do not develop icterus. The incubation period for hepatitis B virus (HBV) is 30-180 days (average, approximately 75 days). Patients then enter the prodromal or preicteric phase, characterized by the gradual onset of anorexia, malaise, and fatigue." ], "url": [ "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/775507-clinical", "http://hepatitis.emedtv.com/hepatitis-d/hepatitis-d-incubation-period.html", "http://hepatitis.emedtv.com/hepatitis-d/hepatitis-d-incubation-period.html", "http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs204/en/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Incubation_period_for_hepatitis_d", "http://www.floridahealth.gov/diseases-and-conditions/disease-reporting-and-management/disease-reporting-and-surveillance/_documents/gsi-hepatitis-d.pdf", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/775507-clinical", "http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs280/en/", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/775507-clinical" ] }

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[ "1/4 to 1/2 inch", "About 7 kg (15 pounds)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Girls gain, on average, more fat than boys during the interval of their growth spurt -- 3 kg (6 pounds) versus 1.5 kg (3 pounds). Adapted from R.M. Malina and C. Bouchard (1991); Growth, Maturation, and Physical Activity; Champaign, IL; Human Kinetics. They occur, on average, several months after the period of peak height velocity. During the interval of maximum growth in height (about 11-13 years in girls and 13-15 years in boys) girls gain about 7 kg (15 pounds) in fat-free mass, boys gain double this value, about 14 kg (31 pounds).", "1 A child can gain 20 pounds (9 kilograms) or more in one year. 2 Girls gain weight first as a layer of fat all over the body and then more around breast, hip and thighs. 3 Girls appear “fat” before curves appear. As an adolescent’s growth velocity (speed) increases, they physically begin to thin out and the weight gain is adjusted on their bodies. Statistics on teenage height growth patterns: 1 The beginning of growth velocity is approximately 9 years old for girls and 11 years old for boys. 2 The growth spurt lasts 2-3 years.", "They say the differences in BMI between physically active and inactive girls tripled between ages 9-10 and 18-19 years. Inactive white girls experienced an average weight gain of 9 to 13 pounds, and inactive black girls gained an average of to 13 to 20 pounds. In addition, the results showed that black girls were significantly heavier and fatter throughout adolescence than white girl", "Healthy Weight Journal May/June 1999 Vol. 13 #3 www.healthyweight.net Normal Weight Gain in Growing Children By Robert Malina, PhD Height and weight (body mass) are the two body dimensions most commonly used to monitor the growth of children and adolescents. They occur, on average, several months after the period of peak height velocity. During the interval of maximum growth in height (about 11-13 years in girls and 13-15 years in boys) girls gain about 7 kg (15 pounds) in fat-free mass, boys gain double this value, about 14 kg (31 pounds).", "1 In the first year your newborn baby will on average gain 8 ounces in weight each month and have an average growth of around 1/4 to 1/2 inch a month. 2 From birth to the childs first birthday their weight will have tripled. 1 Dieting for teens is not recommended as quite often you will find they will simply grow out or their baby fat as they mature into young adults. 2 In the first year your newborn baby will on average gain 8 ounces in weight each month and have an average growth of around 1/4 to 1/2 inch a month.", "Birth. The average newborn is 19.5 inches long and weighs 7.25 pounds. Boys have a head circumference of about 13.5 inches and girls measure in at 13.3 inches, according to the National Center for Health Statistics. 1 Baby Growth Charts: Calculate Height and Weight. 2 Charting Baby's Development. ", "During the preteen and teenage stages there are significant physical changes, including increased weight gain to help support height and physical growth. Some statistics: 1 Children gain on average between 30-40 pounds (13.5-18.0 kilograms) between age 11-14. 2 A child can gain 20 pounds (9 kilograms) or more in one year. 3 Girls gain weight first as a layer of fat all over the body and then more around breast, hip and thighs. As an adolescent’s growth velocity (speed) increases, they physically begin to thin out and the weight gain is adjusted on their bodies. Statistics on teenage height growth patterns: 1 The beginning of growth velocity is approximately 9 years old for girls and 11 years old for boys. 2 The growth spurt lasts 2-3 years.", "1 Children gain on average between 30-40 pounds (13.5-18.0 kilograms) between age 11-14. 2 A child can gain 20 pounds (9 kilograms) or more in one year. 3 Girls gain weight first as a layer of fat all over the body and then more around breast, hip and thighs. As an adolescent’s growth velocity (speed) increases, they physically begin to thin out and the weight gain is adjusted on their bodies. Statistics on teenage height growth patterns: 1 The beginning of growth velocity is approximately 9 years old for girls and 11 years old for boys. 2 The growth spurt lasts 2-3 years.", "Between the ages of two and five years, the average child grows about 2 1/2 inches and gains four to five pounds each year. During the grade school years, kids grow at a steady pace. Each year they get about two inches taller and gain anywhere from 5 to 10 pounds. During preadolescence, most children, especially girls, gain weight primarily in the form of body fat. Preadolescent weight gain often occurs between the ages of 9 and 11 in girls and 10 and 12 in boys. This weight gain is normal and necessary to help them prepare for the rapid and intense growth spurt that will occur in adolescence. " ], "url": [ "http://www.oregondairycouncil.org/what_is_normal/pdf/weight_gain_children.pdf", "http://www.brightonyourhealth.com/teenage-weight-gain-why-a-jump-in-a-teens-weight-may-not-be-a-concern/", "http://teens.webmd.com/news/20050714/less-exercise-behind-teen-girls-weight-gain", "http://www.oregondairycouncil.org/what_is_normal/pdf/weight_gain_children.pdf", "http://www.disabled-world.com/artman/publish/height-weight-teens.shtml", "http://www.parents.com/toddlers-preschoolers/development/physical/age-by-age-growth-chart-for-children/", "http://www.brightonyourhealth.com/teenage-weight-gain-why-a-jump-in-a-teens-weight-may-not-be-a-concern/", "http://www.brightonyourhealth.com/teenage-weight-gain-why-a-jump-in-a-teens-weight-may-not-be-a-concern/", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/kids-teens-health/how-weight-gain-healthy-children" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If your tenant doesn’t move out when you give him notice, you’ll have to file a lawsuit to evict him and prove that he isn’t following the rules of the state. In addition, there may be city or county rules that impact how the case is handled. If your lease or rental agreement has a specified term such as one or two years—and you and the tenant have signed new agreements—then you need to find out when the lease ends. The lease should specify how much notice you need to give to let your tenant know when you intend to stop renewing the lease. If your tenant is on a month-to-month lease, you’ll need to follow state regulations about when to give notice. Most states require a 30- or 60-day notice to vacate. All of the above presumes you don’t have any reason for evicting a tenant except that you want to sell your home", "A tenant must give at least 14 days notice, unless the property manager/owner has breached the agreement. The tenancy ends on the end date of the agreement or the end date of the notice period (whichever is longer). For a long term tenancy, the tenant must give at least 14 days notice, unless the caravan park manag", "As of January 1, 2001, a landlord must give the tenant at least 30 days’ advance notice if the rent increase is 10 percent (or less) of the rent charged at any time during the 12 months before the rent increase takes effect. A landlord must give 60 days’ advance notice if the rent increase is greater than 10 percent. To end a periodic rental agreement (month-to-month), a tenant must give the landlord proper written notice before vacating. If you pay rent monthly, you must give at least 30 days advance notice. If you pay rent weekly, you must give at least 7 days advance notice. (Civil Code Section 1946).", "For example, if the landlord served a 60-day notice on July 16, you would begin counting the 60 days on July 17, and the 60-day period would end on September 14. If September 14 falls on a weekday, you would have to leave on or before that date. You must give the landlord the same amount of notice as there are days between rent payments. This means that if you pay rent monthly, you must give the landlord written notice at least 30 days before you move. If you pay rent every week, you must give the landlord written notice at least seven", "You can only give them a notice to terminate once you have a purchaser and signed an Agreement of Purchase and Sale AND the purchaser plans to live in the house. At that point you would serve the tenants with a 60 days notice on a Form N12. The notice period for this reason is still 60 days even if they are weekly tenants. You can obtain the form and more information on this issue on the Landlord and Tenant Board's website at www.ltb.gov.on.ca.", "At anytime a landlord can put a rental property on the market to sell. The landlord however does need to give you 24 hours notice to show the property and 30 days notice for you to move once the house sells. If it is not spelled out in the lease-generally 60 to 90 days before the expiration of your lease is the general time period a landlord can start to advertise the property. Talk with your landlord-explain that you require a minimum of a day's notice to show the property to prospective buyers.", "If you have a lease for more than 30 days (e.g. 1-year lease), your rent cannot be increased during the term of the lease, unless the lease allows rent increases. If you have a periodic rental agreement (month-to-month), your landlord can increase your rent, but must give you proper advance notice in writing. To end a periodic rental agreement (month-to-month), a tenant must give the landlord proper written notice before vacating. If you pay rent monthly, you must give at least 30 days advance notice. If you pay rent weekly, you must give at least 7 days advance notice. (Civil Code Section 1946).", "A landlord can end a periodic tenancy (for example, a month-to-month tenancy) by giving the tenant proper advance written notice. Your landlord must give you 60 days advance written notice that the tenancy will end if you and every other tenant or resident have lived in the rental unit for a year or more. You must give the landlord the same amount of notice as there are days between rent payments. This means that if you pay rent monthly, you must give the landlord written notice at least 30 days before you move. If you pay rent every week, you must give the landlord written notice at least seven" ], "url": [ "http://www.realtor.com/advice/how-much-notice-evicting-a-tenant/", "https://www.rta.qld.gov.au/Renting/Ending-a-tenancy/Notice-periods-for-ending-a-tenancy", "http://www.hrc-la.org/doc.asp?id=36", "http://dca.ca.gov/publications/landlordbook/moving-out.shtml", "http://www.landlordselfhelp.com/education/forum_q_a.asp?sub_id=24&sub_catid=1&sub_name=Selling", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091025063850AA6HGgS", "http://www.hrc-la.org/doc.asp?id=36", "http://dca.ca.gov/publications/landlordbook/moving-out.shtml" ] }

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[ "Development of an infection that attacks the salivary glands and causes them to swell." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Another common cause of salivary blockage is the development of an infection that attacks the salivary glands and causes them to swell. Mumps, for example, can cause salivary gland blockage in about 30 to 40 percent of cases. Symptoms of Blocked Salivary Glands. Because the salivary glands throughout the face and neck are responsible for both the production and delivery of saliva to the mouth and throat, salivary gland blockage is usually quite simple to identify.", "Sialolithiasis (also termed salivary calculi, or salivary stones), is a condition where a calcified mass or sialolith forms within a salivary gland, usually in the duct of the submandibular gland (also termed Wharton's duct ). ", "In addition, 600-1000 tiny glands (the minor salivary glands) are located in the lips, inner cheek, and in the lining of the mouth and throat. The most common cause of problems in the salivary gland occurs when the ducts become blocked and saliva cannot drain. The three major salivary glands are the parotid gland, submandibular gland (also called the submaxillary gland), and sublingual glands. Saliva drains into the mouth through small tubes called ducts. 1 The parotid gland makes 25% of the saliva and drains into the mouth near the upper teeth.", "Sialolithiasis (sigh a lo THIGH a sis) is a condition where tiny salivary stones form in the glands. The stones, called sialoliths, are made of calcium. Some stones do not cause any symptoms, but some stones block the ducts. The saliva flow is partially or completely stopped. The three major salivary glands are the parotid gland, submandibular gland (also called the submaxillary gland), and sublingual glands. Saliva drains into the mouth through small tubes called ducts. 1 The parotid gland makes 25% of the saliva and drains into the mouth near the upper teeth.", "Salivary gland infection or sialadenitis. Bacterial infection of the salivary gland, most commonly the parotid gland, may result when the duct into the mouth is blocked. Sialadenitis creates a painful lump in the gland and foul-tasting pus drains into the mouth. Sometimes salivary stones can block the flow of saliva. When saliva cannot exit through the ducts it backs up into the gland, causing pain and swelling. Pain is usually intermittent, is felt in one gland, and gets progressively worse. Unless the blockage is cleared the gland is likely to become infected.", "Viral infections such as mumps, flu, and others can cause swelling of the salivary glands. Swelling happens in parotid glands on both sides of the face, giving the appearance of chipmunk cheeks.. Salivary gland swelling is commonly associated with mumps, happening in about 30% to 40% of mumps infections. The following are some of the more common salivary gland problems : Salivary stones, or sialoliths. The most common cause of swollen salivary glands, salivary stones are buildups of crystallized saliva deposits. Sometimes salivary stones can block the flow of saliva. When saliva can't exit through the ducts, it backs up into the gland, causing pain and swelling. Pain is usually off and on, is felt in one gland, and gets progressively worse. Unless the blockage is cleared, the gland is likely to become infected", "Salivary gland problems that cause clinical symptoms include: Obstruction: Obstruction to the flow of saliva most commonly occurs in the parotid and submandibular glands, usually because stones have formed. Symptoms typically occur when eating. ", "Salivary stones (sialoliths) The most common causes of swollen salivary glands, salivary stones, are accumulations of crystallised saliva deposits. Sometimes salivary stones can block the flow of saliva. When saliva cannot exit through the ducts it backs up into the gland, causing pain and swelling. Pain is usually intermittent, is felt in one gland, and gets progressively worse. Unless the blockage is cleared the gland is likely to become infected.", "Salivary gland problems that cause clinical symptoms include: Obstruction: Obstruction to the flow of saliva most commonly occurs in the parotid and submandibular glands, usually because stones have formed. Symptoms typically occur when eating. When these lymph nodes enlarge through infection, you may have a red, painful swelling in the area of the parotid or submandibular glands. Lymph nodes also enlarge due to tumors and inflammation. Tumors: Primary benign and malignant salivary gland tumors usually show up as painless enlargements of these glands." ], "url": [ "http://www.ent-surgery.com.au/blocked-salivary-gland/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialolithiasis", "https://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Health-Conditions/Salivary-Gland-Disease-and-Tumors.aspx", "https://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Health-Conditions/Salivary-Gland-Disease-and-Tumors.aspx", "http://www.webmd.boots.com/oral-health/guide/salivary-gland-problems", "http://www.webmd.com/oral-health/guide/salivary-gland-problems-infections-swelling", "http://entallergyandsinus.com/articles/the-throat/salivary-glands/", "http://www.webmd.boots.com/oral-health/guide/salivary-gland-problems", "http://www.entnet.org/content/salivary-glands" ] }

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[ "It is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by organisms of the fungi kingdom, commonly known as molds." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Trichothecene mycotoxins is a type of mycotoxin produced by toxic molds, such as Fusarium molds and Stachybotrys chartarum (also known as black mold or black toxic mold). Trichothecene is one of the most toxic types of mycotoxins. Trichothecene mycotoxins also suppress the immune system. B1 is the most abundant aflatoxin mycotoxin. It is also the most toxic and carcinogenic. M1 is a mycotoxin that comes from animals after the animals have eaten feed contaminated with aflatoxin mycotoxins. For example, M1 can be in cows milk after cows have eaten", "A mycotoxin (from Greek μύκης (mykes, mukos) fungus and τοξικόν (toxikon) poison) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by organisms of the fungi kingdom, commonly known as molds. The term 'mycotoxin' is usually reserved for the toxic chemical products produced by fungi that readily colonize crops. One mold species may produce many different mycotoxins, and the same mycotoxin may be produced by several species. Some of the health effects found in animals and humans include death, identifiable diseases or health problems, weakened immune systems without specificity to a toxin, and as allergens or irritants. Some mycotoxins are harmful to other micro-organisms such as other fungi or even bacteria; penicillin is one example.", "Mycotoxins are toxins produced by some species of mold (myco means fungal). These mycotoxins are some of the most toxic substances in existence. Mycotoxins in the air can also enter through a person's eyes. Trichothecene mycotoxins can be absorbed through the skin as well. Another way mycotoxins get into a person's body is by the person eating food with mycotoxins in it. This can happen if toxic mold has been growing on crops.", "Alimentary toxic aleukia (ATA), a disease which is caused by trichothecenes like T-2 mycotoxin, killed many thousands of USSR-citizens in the Orenburg District in the 1940s. It was reported that the mortality rate was 10% of the entire population in that area. T-2 mycotoxin is also thought to be a cause of Gulf War Syndrome. US troops suffered from mycotoxosis-like symptoms after an Iraqi missile detonated in a US military camp in Saudi Arabia during Operation Desert Storm in the Persian Gulf War, in 1991.", "T-2 is a trichothecene mycotoxin. It is a naturally occurring mold byproduct of Fusarium spp. fungus which is toxic to humans and animals. T-2 mycotoxin is also thought to be a cause of Gulf War Syndrome. US troops suffered from mycotoxosis-like symptoms after an Iraqi missile detonated in a US military camp in Saudi Arabia during Operation Desert Storm in the Persian Gulf War, in 1991.", "Mycotoxin poisoning (medical condition): Claviceps purpurea is a type of fungus that can contaminate grains... more ». See also: Claviceps purpurea poisoning : » Introduction: Claviceps purpurea poisoning. » Symptoms of Claviceps purpurea poisoning. ", "Contents. Mycotoxins are poisonous chemical compounds produced by certain fungi. There are many such compounds, but only a few of them are regularly found in food and animal feedstuffs such as grains and seeds. Nevertheless, those that do occur in food have great significance in the health of humans and livestock", "Definition of MYCOTOXIN. : a toxic substance produced by a fungus and especially a mold. ADVERTISEMENT. aflatoxin, antitoxin, biotoxin, neurotoxin", "Aflatoxins are a type of mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus species of fungi, such as A. flavus and A. parasiticus. The umbrella term aflatoxin refers to four different types of mycotoxins produced, which are B 1, B 2, G 1, and G 2. Some of the health effects found in animals and humans include death, identifiable diseases or health problems, weakened immune systems without specificity to a toxin, and as allergens or irritants. Some mycotoxins are harmful to other micro-organisms such as other fungi or even bacteria; penicillin is one example." ], "url": [ "http://blacktoxicmolds.com/mycotoxins-mold.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycotoxin", "http://blackmold.awardspace.com/mycotoxins.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-2_mycotoxin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-2_mycotoxin", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/medical/mycotoxin_poisoning.htm", "http://www.fao.org/Wairdocs/X5008E/X5008e01.htm", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mycotoxin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycotoxin" ] }

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[ "They are located between the ribs and the pelvis and make up the waist." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The external abdominal obliques are a pair of broad, thin, superficial muscles that lie on the lateral sides of the abdominal region of the body. Contraction of these muscles may result in several different actions, but they are best known for their lateral flexion and rotation of the trunk known as a side bend. The external obliques get their name from their position in the abdomen external to the internal abdominal obliques and from the direction of their fibers, which run obliquely (diagonally) across the sides of the abdomen.... Click to read more below.", "External oblique. The external oblique muscle is one of the largest parts of the trunk area. Each side of the body has an external oblique muscle. The external oblique muscle is one of the outermost abdominal muscles, extending from the lower half of the ribs around and down to the pelvis. The external obliques on either side not only help rotate the trunk, but they perform a few other vital functions. These muscles help pull the chest, as a whole, downwards, which compresses the abdominal cavity. Although relatively minor in scope, the external oblique muscle also supports the rotation of the spine.", "The internal abdominal oblique muscle ends at the bottom edge of the rib cage, the rectus sheath (fibrous tissue that covers the abdominal muscles), and the pubic crest (an area in the lower-front of the pelvis). The internal abdominal oblique muscle is located closer to the skin than the transverse abdominal muscle. This muscle supports the abdominal wall, assists in forced respiration, aids in raising pressure in the abdominal area, and rotates and turns the trunk with help from other muscles. Internal abdominal oblique muscles are called “same side rotators.” The right internal oblique works with the left external oblique, and vice versa, when flexing and rotating the torso.", "The oblique muscles are considered part of the abdominal muscles. They are located between the ribs and the pelvis and make up the waist. The obliques help the trunk to rotate and bend. There are the external obliques which are large muscles close to the surface of the skin. ", "The oblique muscles are located on both sides of the abdomen running diagonally along the rectus abdominis, which is the center abdominal muscle. There are two sets of oblique … s, the external and the internal. The external obliques are more superficial while the internal obliques are a deeper muscle. 1 The internal oblique muscles are located within each side of your abdomen, attached 2 …. Fantastic Ab and Oblique Workouts for a Stronger Core When people work out at home, they tend to do the exercises they are familiar with. 3 This can lead to an unbalanced workout regimen, and that in turn can produce ineffective r….", "An anatomical illustration showing many muscles in the upper body, including the external abdominal oblique muscle (or obliquus externus abdominis). Having strong obliques may help support a strong back. Obliques are the stomach muscles located toward the sides of the body. In the front of the abdomen, there is a major muscle called the rectus abdominis, which stretches from pubis to the ribs. On either side of the rectus abdominis, right at the hips, the internal obliques are located. The external obliques are higher, on either side of the rectus abdominis, and start at the rib cage", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The external oblique muscle (of the abdomen) (also external abdominal oblique muscle) is the largest and the most superficial (outermost) of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen. It is broad, thin, and irregularly quadrilateral, its muscular portion occupying the side, its aponeurosis the anterior wall of the abdomen. In most humans (especially females), the oblique is not visible, due to subcutaneous fat deposits and the small size of the muscle.", "The external oblique is situated on the lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen. It is broad, thin, and irregularly quadrilateral, its muscular portion occupying the side, its aponeurosis the anterior wall of the abdomen. In most humans (especially females), the oblique is not visible, due to subcutaneous fat deposits and the small size of the muscle." ], "url": [ "http://www.innerbody.com/image_musfov/musc14-new.html", "http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/external-oblique-muscle", "http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/internal-oblique", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/123761-oblique-muscle-strain-symptoms/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_is_the_obliques_muscle_located", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-obliques.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle" ] }

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[ "$45,000 -$55,000." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Paramedic Salary NSW Australia. If you work as a paramedic in NSW the average salary is approximately $56,000 per year, depending on experience (time in the jobs), qualifications, and any specialist qualifications, such as Intensive Care Paramedic/Extended Care Paramedic, or Ambulance Management Roles.", "The highest-paid paramedics in the 90 percentile margin report earnings of $25.50 hourly, computing to $53,050 each year. The top 75 percent bring in $40,440 annually, or $19.44 per hour.", "In general, paramedics within Australia can be on salaries ranging from unpaid voluntary service through to positions exceeding $100,000 per year. Paramedic Salary QLD Australia. Paramedics in QLD Australia usually earn a Salary of $45,000 -$55,000. However, penalties, often increase a paramedics overall package up to around $70,000 per year, depending on location, qualifications, and experience.", "The average pay for a Paramedic is AU$58,694 per year. A skill in Critical Care is associated with high pay for this job. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 20 years in this field.", "The District of Columbia offers the best pay in the nation for paramedics, with an average annual salary of just over $50,000. The Hawaiian islands are another appealing location to paramedics, with pay averaging $49,530 each year. Third place goes to Washington state, offering paramedics $46,690 on average.", "Average Pay. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, paramedics get paid a median yearly income of $30,710, or $14.77 per hour." ], "url": [ "http://www.emergencymedicalparamedic.com/australian-paramedic-salaries/", "http://work.chron.com/much-paramedics-paid-9048.html", "http://www.emergencymedicalparamedic.com/australian-paramedic-salaries/", "http://www.payscale.com/research/AU/Job=Paramedic/Salary", "http://work.chron.com/much-paramedics-paid-9048.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-paramedics-paid-9048.html" ] }

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[ "Imaging science is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the generation, collection, duplication, analysis, modification, and visualization of images, including imaging things that the human eye cannot detect." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The foundation of imaging science as a discipline is the imaging chain – a conceptual model describing all of the factors which must be considered when developing a system for creating visual renderings (images). In general, the links of the imaging chain include: 1. The human visual system. Note that some imaging scientists will include additional links in their description of the imaging chain. For example some will include the source of the energy which illuminates or interacts with the subject of the image.", "If you’re a practicing professional in the radiation or imaging sciences, or a graduate of a program in radiologic technology, diagnostic ultrasound, radiation therapy, or nuclear medicine, our BAS degree completion program is for you. Bellevue College is proud to offer the bachelor of applied science (BAS) degree in Radiation and Imaging Sciences.", "General Concentration (Abdominal and Obstetrics-Gynecology) Diagnostic Medical Sonography is a radiologic and imaging sciences specialty with nine subspecialties. This emphases prepares students for clinical practice in abdominal and obstetrics-gynecology. Vascular sonography is a required portion of this program.", "Imaging Scientists are experts in understanding and developing cutting edge imaging systems: from satellite systems, to portable eye trackers, to medical imagers, to multispectral detectors-anything that involves recording, processing, displaying, or analyzing image data. ImSci students typically have interests in science, engineering, computing, or math, but are not sure what they want to do. They may also have interests in photography or video, but are looking to apply science and engineering concepts.", "Medical Imaging Science/Radiography (X-ray). The BS program in Medical Imaging/Radiography (X-ray) takes two years (five or six semesters) and starts in the fall. Students rotate through clinical education settings in the Central New York region. The BPS programs also start in the fall. The CT and MRI BPS programs take one calendar year to complete", "Imaging Science. Background. Imaging Science is dedicated to exploring the following imaging modalities: MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), CT (Computed Tomography), Ultrasound, PET (Positron Emission Tomography), PET-CT, and X-ray. Part of the history of Imaging Science includes the arrival of the 8-Tesla magnet during the last week of December 1997, which achieved the 8-Tesla field in February 10, 1998.", "Radiation Therapy is a radiologic and imaging sciences specialty that is an essential part of the multi-disciplinary field of radiation oncology. Radiation Therapists practice in a cooperative effort between medical and radiation oncology physicians, medical physicists, dosimetrists and oncology nurses and dietitians. Diagnostic Medical Sonography is a radiologic and imaging sciences specialty with nine subspecialties. This emphases prepares students for clinical practice in abdominal and obstetrics-gynecology. Vascular sonography is a required portion of this program.", "Imaging Science is one-of-a-kind. RIT is the only university in the United States with an undergraduate program in Imaging Science, thanks to Rochester's rich history as a world leader in optics and imaging. ImSci students typically have interests in science, engineering, computing, or math, but are not sure what they want to do. They may also have interests in photography or video, but are looking to apply science and engineering concepts.", "Diagnostic Medical Sonography is a radiologic and imaging sciences specialty with nine subspecialties. This emphases prepares students for clinical practice in adult echocardiography and either pediatric echocardiography or vascular sonography. Diagnostic Medical Sonography is a radiologic and imaging sciences specialty with nine subspecialties. This emphases prepares students for clinical practice in abdominal and obstetrics-gynecology. Vascular sonography is a required portion of this program.", "Imaging science is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the generation, collection, duplication, analysis, modification, and visualization of images, including imaging things that the human eye cannot detect. Note that some imaging scientists will include additional links in their description of the imaging chain. For example some will include the source of the energy which illuminates or interacts with the subject of the image." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaging_science", "http://www.bellevuecollege.edu/imaging/", "http://www.gvsu.edu/rad/index.cfm?id=B33CAFAB-9FE2-F13D-D86C5F27C68413AB", "http://www.cis.rit.edu/prospective-students/what-imaging-science", "http://www.upstate.edu/chp/programs/mi/", "http://radiology.osu.edu/11217.cfm", "http://www.gvsu.edu/rad/index.cfm?id=B33CAFAB-9FE2-F13D-D86C5F27C68413AB", "http://www.cis.rit.edu/prospective-students/what-imaging-science", "http://www.gvsu.edu/rad/index.cfm?id=B33CAFAB-9FE2-F13D-D86C5F27C68413AB", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaging_science" ] }

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[ "Phomopsis twig blight of juniper, also known as nursery blight, cedar, juniper, or needle blight, is caused by the fungus Phomopsis juniperovora." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Phomopsis blight has been a serious problem for more than 75 years in nurseries producing juniper seedlings and grafts. Phomopsis juniperovora Hahn, the fungus causing this disease, is widespread in the United States (fig. 1). Figure 1. States in which Phomopsis juniperovora is present. Damage from drought may be confused with Phomopsis blight. In both cases, tips of branches may be killed. However, the demarcation between green and dead tissues is sharp in Phomopsis-blighted seedlings and gradual in seedlings affected by drought.", "Check the label of any pesticide referenced to ensure your use is included. Phomopsis twig blight is caused by the fungus Phomopsis vaccinii. This disease occurs in most blueberry-growing regions and is present at low levels in most fields. In some years and locations, twig blight can be severe, with over 100 blighted twigs per bush.", "Die-back of juniper branch tips caused by Phomopsis tip blight. Gina Foreman* and Brian Hudelson, UW-Madison Plant Pathology *Completed as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Plant Pathology 875 – Plant Disease Diagnostics Clinic Internship at the University of Wisconsin Madison. Item number: XHT1099. ", "The fungus Phomopsis can cause disease in a number of plants, including Russian olive and hickory. Symptoms of infection vary depending on the host plant. Phomopsis causes sunken areas called cankers to form on the branches and trunk of Russian olive, while galls (swellings) form on the branches and trunk of hickory. Phomopsis canker of Russian olive is caused by Phomopsis arnoldiae. The fungus survives in cankers on the trunk or branches and produces spores throughout the growing season, which are thought to be wind-blown or rain-splashed to nearby trees. The fungus then enters the tree through wounds", "In addition to twig blight and canker, the fungus causes a fruit rot. Symptoms and Disease Development. Phomopsis canker is caused by the fungus Phomopsis vaccinii, which overwinters in infected plant parts. The primary symptom of twig infection is a blighting of one-year-old woody stems that have flower buds. Only in recent years have phomopsis twig blight and canker become important diseases of blueberries. Bushes that have been weakened by other factors usually are more prone to infection.", "Diaporthe helianthi is a fungal pathogen that causes Phomopsis stem canker of sunflowers. In sunflowers, Phomopsis helianthi (teleomorph = Diaporthe helianthi) is the causative agent behind stem canker. Its primary symptom is the production of large canker lesions on the stems of sunflower plants. ", "RPD No. 622 - Phomopsis Twig Blight of Juniper. Phomopsis twig blight of juniper, also known as nursery blight, cedar, juniper, or needle blight, is caused by the fungus Phomopsis juniperovora. Economic damage to landscape plantings and nursery stock is largely restricted to species and cultivars of juniper (Juniperus). Phomopsis twig blight to juniper is found in most of the United States from the Pacific Northwest, throughout the Great Plains from South Dakota to Texas, and eastward through the entire Midwest to the East Coast as well as in Canada, however, it is not common on plants growing in the wild.", "Many gymnosperms especially those in the cypress family are affected by the fungal pathogen-Phomopsis juniperovora. Species most commonly affected include eastern red cedar, and the savin, creeping, and Rocky Mountain junipers. ", "Damage from the lesser cornstalk borer can be distinguished from Phomopsis blight by the straw color of the dead tops and by the feeding wounds on the lower stem and taproot present in the former. Needle blight of junipers and other species in the Cupressaceae caused by Cercospora sequoiae Ell. Damage from drought may be confused with Phomopsis blight. In both cases, tips of branches may be killed. However, the demarcation between green and dead tissues is sharp in Phomopsis-blighted seedlings and gradual in seedlings affected by drought." ], "url": [ "http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/fidls/phomopsis/phomopsis.htm", "http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/be_on_the_look_out_for_phomopsis_twig_blight_in_blueberries", "http://hort.uwex.edu/articles/phomopsis-tip-blight/", "http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/phomopsis-canker-and-gall/", "http://extension.psu.edu/gardening/fphg/blueberries/diseases/phomopsis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaporthe_helianthi", "http://ipm.illinois.edu/diseases/series600/rpd622/", "http://extension.illinois.edu/focus/phomopsis.cfm", "http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/fidls/phomopsis/phomopsis.htm" ] }

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[ "It is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean which has numerous uses." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The key benefits of soya are its high protein content, vitamins, minerals and insoluble fibre. The soya bean has been transformed into a number of popular soya based foods including: 1 Miso – a fermented soya bean paste that is used as a flavouring, popular in Asian cuisine. 2 It is a good source of many minerals. The texture is so adaptable that soya beans are frequently processed into a variety of foods. Soya beans – also known as edamame beans when eaten fresh from the pod-are consumed as an alternative to meat. They are the basis of soya milk, tofu, miso, tempeh and soya protein.", "The soybean in the US, also called the soya bean in Europe (Glycine max) is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean which has numerous uses. The plant is classed as an oilseed rather than a pulse by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Common forms of soy (or soya) include soy meal, soy flour, soy milk, tofu, textured vegetable protein (TVP, which is made into a wide variety of vegetarian foods, some of them intended to imitate meat), tempeh, soy lecithin and soybean oil.", "Glycine max, soja, soja bean, soya, soybean plant, soya bean, soy. soya, soya bean, soybean, soy-the most highly proteinaceous vegetable known; the fruit of the soybean plant is used in a variety of foods and as fodder (especially as a replacement for animal protein). legume, leguminous plant-an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae. 3. soybean-the most highly proteinaceous vegetable known; the fruit of the soybean plant is used in a variety of foods and as fodder (especially as a replacement for animal protein). soya, soya bean, soy. soy flour, soybean flour, soybean meal-meal made from soybeans.", "soya, soya bean, soybean, soy-the most highly proteinaceous vegetable known; the fruit of the soybean plant is used in a variety of foods and as fodder (especially as a replacement for animal protein). legume, leguminous plant-an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae. soya bean. n. 1. (Plants) an Asian bean plant, Glycine max (or G. soja), cultivated for its nutritious seeds, for forage, and to improve the soil. 2. (Plants) the seed of this plant, used as food, forage, and as the source of an oil.", "Soybean is hailed as the most protective bean. Soy contains 40 percent protein. It has the highest protein content amongst plant products. Soy protein refers to the protein found in soybeans. ", "Traditional nonfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk, and from the latter tofu and tofu skin. Fermented foods include soy sauce, fermented bean paste, natto, and tempeh, among others. The oil is used in many industrial applications. Common forms of soy (or soya) include soy meal, soy flour, soy milk, tofu, textured vegetable protein (TVP, which is made into a wide variety of vegetarian foods, some of them intended to imitate meat), tempeh, soy lecithin and soybean oil.", "1 Miso – a fermented soya bean paste that is used as a flavouring, popular in Asian cuisine. 2 It is a good source of many minerals. 3 Tempeh – is an Indonesian specialty typically made by cooking and dehulling soya beans and forming a textured, solid ‘cake’. 4 It is a very good source of protein, B vitamins and minerals. The texture is so adaptable that soya beans are frequently processed into a variety of foods. Soya beans – also known as edamame beans when eaten fresh from the pod-are consumed as an alternative to meat. They are the basis of soya milk, tofu, miso, tempeh and soya protein.", "soya bean-the most highly proteinaceous vegetable known; the fruit of the soybean plant is used in a variety of foods and as fodder (especially as a replacement for animal protein). soya, soybean, soy. soy flour, soybean flour, soybean meal-meal made from soybeans. soya bean. n. 1. (Plants) an Asian bean plant, Glycine max (or G. soja), cultivated for its nutritious seeds, for forage, and to improve the soil. 2. (Plants) the seed of this plant, used as food, forage, and as the source of an oil." ], "url": [ "http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/ingredient-focus-soya", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soybean", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/soybean", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/soya+bean", "http://www.medindia.net/patients/lifestyleandwellness/health-benefits-of-soybean.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soybean", "http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/ingredient-focus-soya", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/soya+bean" ] }

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[ "The U.S. Census Bureau has conducted a census of governments every 5 years, in years ending in 2 and 7 since 1957. This census, authorized by Title 13, U.S. Code, requires participation of all state and local governments in the United States, including counties, cities, townships, special districts, and school districts." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The United States Census is a decennial census mandated by Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution, which states: Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States ... according to their respective Numbers ... The United States Census Bureau (officially the Bureau of the Census, as defined in Title 13 U.S.C. § 11) is responsible for the United States Census. The first census after the American Revolution was taken in 1790, under Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson; there have been 22 federal censuses since that time.", "Most of us are familiar with the nationwide Decennial Census conducted every 10 years by the U.S. Census Bureau. The last Decennial Census was held in 2010. The first such census occurred in 1790. In 1903, the Census Bureau was authorized to conduct mid-decade Censuses. ", "As required by the United States Constitution, the U.S. census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. The 2000 U.S. Census was the previous census completed. Participation in the U.S. Census is required by law in Title 13 of the United States Code. The 2010 United States Census, known as Census 2010 , is the twenty-third and most recent United States national census. National Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2010. As part of a drive to increase the count's accuracy, 635,000 temporary enumerators were hired", "In 1903, it became the Census Bureau and was moved to the new Department of Commerce and Labor. The 1905 economic census was the first U.S. census to be conducted by mail. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, the Census Bureau took on an important new role. Because the census has been around for almost 240 years, its results have been important in decision-making for the United States government since the nation was founded. In 2020 the U.S. Census Bureau will take the 24th decennial census. As nominal director, Thomas Jefferson oversaw the first census in 1790.", "The United States Census is a population census, which is distinct from the U.S. Census of Agriculture, which is no longer the responsibility of the Census Bureau. It is also distinct from local censuses conducted by some states or local jurisdictions. The United States Census Bureau (officially the Bureau of the Census, as defined in Title 13 U.S.C. § 11) is responsible for the United States Census. The first census after the American Revolution was taken in 1790, under Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson; there have been 22 federal censuses since that time.", "For years between the decennial censuses, the Census Bureau issues estimates made using surveys and statistical models, in particular, the American Community Survey. Title 13 of the United States Code governs how the Census is conducted and how its data is handled. The United States Census Bureau (officially the Bureau of the Census, as defined in Title 13 U.S.C. § 11) is responsible for the United States Census. The first census after the American Revolution was taken in 1790, under Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson; there have been 22 federal censuses since that time.", "Currently, the economic census is conducted during years ending in 2 and 7.. The most recent economic census was conducted in 2007. The next is scheduled for 2012. ", "When is the census of governments conducted? The U.S. Census Bureau has conducted a census of governments every 5 years, in years ending in 2 and 7 since 1957. This census, authorized by Title 13, U.S. Code, requires participation of all state and local governments in the United States, including counties, cities, townships, special districts, and school districts." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census", "http://www.chandleraz.gov/census", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_United_States_Census", "http://www.allgov.com/departments/department-of-commerce/us-census-bureau?agencyid=7142", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census", "https://www.census.gov/history/www/faqs/economic_faqs/when_is_the_economic_census_conducted.html", "https://www.census.gov/history/www/faqs/governments_faqs/when_is_the_census_of_governments_conducted.html" ] }

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[ "In ancient Egyptian mythology and was later developed in the Phoenician, Indian and Greek traditions." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The phoenix bird represent rebirth. The phoenix bird is referenced a lot in the Harry Potter Series. Professor Dumbledore owned a pet phoenix named Fawkes. Harry's and Lord voldemort's wands contains phoenix feathers. Lyfe Jennings new CD is titled The Phoenix. The Phoenix could also mean renewal of spirit.", "The Origin of the Phoenix Symbol. The story of the phoenix begins in ancient Egyptian mythology and was later developed in the Phoenician, Indian and Greek traditions. The phoenix is a sacred firebird with beautiful feathers of gold and red or purple and blue. A phoenix lives for 500-1,000 years and then builds itself a nest of myrrh twigs.", "Modern additions to the myth in popular culture say the tears of the phoenix have great healing powers, and if the phoenix is near one cannot tell a lie. Continually morphing and remorphing, the phoenix represents the idea that the end is only the beginning.", "The symbolism of the Phoenix, like the mystical bird itself, dies and is reborn across cultures and throughout time. Ancient legend paints a picture of a magical bird, radiant and shimmering, which lives for several hundred years before it dies by bursting into flames.", "The Phoenix is also an alchemical symbol. It represents the changes during chemical reactions and progression through colors, properties of matter, and has to do with the steps of alchemy in the making of the Great Work, or the Philosopher’s Stone.", "Best Answer: A phoenix is a mythical bird with beautiful gold and red plumage. At the end of its life-cycle the phoenix builds itself a nest of cinnamon twigs that it then ignites; both nest and bird burn fiercely and are reduced to ashes, from which a new, young phoenix arises. The new phoenix is destined to live, usually, as long as the old one.", "I would say it's strength, and rebirth. A phoenix is a mythical bird with beautiful gold and red plumage. At the end of its life-cycle the phoenix builds itself a nest of cinnamon twigs that it then ignites; both nest and bird burn fiercely and are reduced to ashes, from which a new, young phoenix arises. The new phoenix is destined to live, usually, as long as the old one." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061122012600AAEbhIf", "http://www.livingartsoriginals.com/symbolism-phoenix.html", "http://www.ancient-origins.net/myths-legends/ancient-symbolism-magical-phoenix-002020", "http://www.ancient-origins.net/myths-legends/ancient-symbolism-magical-phoenix-002020", "http://www.ancient-origins.net/myths-legends/ancient-symbolism-magical-phoenix-002020", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080314170119AAWWVhJ", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080314170119AAWWVhJ" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Scanning electron micrographs of conifer pollen. (a) Chamaecyparis pollen with orbicules (arrow) on the surface and indentations due to natural dehydration. (b) Pinus pollen showing body (arrow) and two sacci (wings). (c) Pseudotsuga pollen with indentation due to natural drying.", "The Fruits of Conifers. Conifers have two types of cones: pollen cones and seed cones. Depending on the tree species, you may find both types of cones on the same tree or on different trees. When seed and pollen cones are found on different trees, the species is called dioecious.", "While pine tree allergy is relatively uncommon, there are two main allergens of concern that come from pine trees: pine nuts and pine pollen. Pine nuts (pignoli) are the edible seeds of certain species of pine trees, and are used in a variety of foods, including Italian pesto.", "Conifers pollen in the early spring as the new growth starts. They only produce pollen once a year. I would look at the compost heap. The compost is being broken down by decay fungi and mold The spores from the fungi and mold could be the allergic reaction you are getting.", "CONIFER SEEDS & CONES. Conifer seeds are produced in tiny scale-like things called seed cones or ovulate cones. These are completely different from the yellow, wormlike, pollen-producing cones you shook next to your car. At pollination time, seed cones are so small and inconspicuous that most people never notice them.", "CONIFER SEEDS & CONES Conifer seeds are produced in tiny scale-like things called seed cones or ovulate cones. These are completely different from the yellow, wormlike, pollen-producing cones you shook next to your car. At pollination time, seed cones are so small and inconspicuous that most people never notice them.", "Many modern conifers produce saccate pollen; bisaccate pollen (Figure 9.5) is common among the pines and close relatives as well as many other Mesozoic seed plants. Other conifers produce pollen with a single bladder -- monosaccate pollen." ], "url": [ "http://www.cell.com/trends/plant-science/fulltext/S1360-1385(98)01337-5", "https://www.theforestacademy.com/tree-knowledge/conifers/", "http://acaai.org/allergies/types/allergy-myths/pine-tree-allergy", "http://en.allexperts.com/q/Conifers-713/2008/10/conifer-pollen.htm", "http://www.backyardnature.net/conifers.htm", "http://www.backyardnature.net/conifers.htm", "http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/IB181/VPL/CorCon/CorCon3.html" ] }

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[ "A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction between two compounds where one of the products is water or ammonia." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction or process in which a chemical compound is broken down by reaction with water.It is the type of reaction that is used to break down certain polymers, especially those made by step-growth polymerization. One more time ... Hydrolysis deals with decompistion(break down) Decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water Condensation: deals with formation (Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water..", "Biology Glossary search by EverythingBio.com. A chemical reaction in which water is used to break down a compound; this is achieved by breaking a covalent bond in the compound by inserting a water molecule across the bond. The opposite of this is a dehydration-condensation reaction. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z.", "Condensation Reaction. Combining of two compounds into a single compound that occurs in association with the loss of a small molecule between them. In dehydration synthesis the small molecule that is lost is water and this is the most biologically relevant of condensation reactions. See also synthesis reaction. Strictly you should view condensation reactions as reducing, that is, condensing the number of components over the course of a chemical reaction, though with the caveat that the number of chemical players does not actually decline in number, i.e., A-X + Y-B → A-B + X-Y strictly stays the same number-wise.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The condensation of two amino acids to form a peptide bond (red) with expulsion of water (blue). A condensation reaction, is a chemical reaction in which two molecules or moieties (functional groups) combine to form a larger molecule, together with the loss of a small molecule. If the union is between atoms or groups of the same molecule, the reaction is termed intramolecular condensation, and in many cases leads to ring formation.", "A simple example is the condensation of two amino acids to form the peptide bond characteristic of proteins. This reaction example is the opposite of hydrolysis, which splits a chemical entity into two parts through the action of the polar water molecule, which itself splits into hydroxide and hydrogen ions. Hence energy is required. If the union is between atoms or groups of the same molecule, the reaction is termed intramolecular condensation, and in many cases leads to ring formation.", "By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. Condensation Reaction Definition: A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction between two compounds where one of the products is water or ammonia. Also Known As: Dehydration reaction. Examples: Reactions that produce acid anhydrides are condensation reactions. ", "Condensation. Definition. noun. (1) (chemistry, physics) The process or the state of changing a substance from gas to liquid or solid. (2) (chemistry) A chemical reaction in which the joining of two organic compounds results in the production and release of water, ammonia, simple alcohol, or other molecules. Condensation is the process resulting in the formation of fog, dew, clouds, and other forms of atmospheric vapour." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080514150328AAJZQvn", "http://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-H/hydrolysis.html", "http://www.biologyaspoetry.com/terms/condensation_reaction.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation_reaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation_reaction", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryglossary/g/Condensation-Reaction-Definition.htm", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Condensation" ] }

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[ "Between $1,700 and $10,000 per year." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The average cost for a general liability insurance for a restaurant varies between $1,700 and $10,000 per year. Pricing varies based on the size and location of the restau … rant. Answered. In Restaurants and Dining Establishments. I would say an average premium for a well insured bar that does $200,000 a year in sales and has $100,000 of property insurance, shoud expect to pay about $3,000 - … $5,000 a year.", "The average cost of general liability insurance varies widely based on a number of factors, including the average cost per square foot of commercial real estate in your geographic market. Restaurant owners also should carry various other types of insurance. Other Influences on Insurance Costs. The length of time you’ve been in business is a key factor, according to The Murray Group. Many restaurants fail within their first three years.", "Average business insurance costs for E & O coverage for small firms is typically in the range of $1,000 to $3,000 annually per million dollars of coverage. There are many ways to package policies, get discounts, and reduce your business insurance costs. ", "Costs for general liability insurance depend on the location of the business, yearly revenue and the past claims history of the sole proprietor. It could be as low as $500 to as high as $15,000 a year for a sole proprietor, as of July 2011. Related Reading: Sole Proprietorship & Health Insurance. ", "It depends. I would say an average premium for a well insured bar that does $200,000 a year in sales and has $100,000 of property insurance, shoud expect to pay about $3,000 - … $5,000 a year. The premium will depend upon years in business, claims history, live entertainment or not, and other factors as well. I would say an average premium for a well insured bar that does $200,000 a year in sales and has $100,000 of property insurance, shoud expect to pay about $3,000 - … $5,000 a year", "General Liability Insurance Average Costs. General liability insurance is surprisingly affordable. Most policies cost less than $1,000 per year. A $1 million policy costs $300 to $1,000 per year. While, $2 million worth of coverage will cost an average of $500 to $1,300. There are exceptions, of course. Businesses with a greater risk of causing personal injury or property damage will pay more." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_restaurant_insurance_cost", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/average-restaurant-insurance-per-square-foot-81786.html", "https://www.trustedchoice.com/business-insurance/compare-coverage/cost/", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/average-cost-insurance-coverage-sole-proprietor-business-14691.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_restaurant_insurance_cost", "http://costowl.com/insurance/insurance-general-liability-cost.html" ] }

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[ "Software that aims to gather information about a person or organization without their knowledge and that may send such information to another entity without the consumer's consent, or that asserts control over a computer without the consumer's knowledge." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Spyware is software that aims to gather information about a person or organization without their knowledge and that may send such information to another entity without the consumer's consent, or that asserts control over a computer without the consumer's knowledge. Whenever spyware is used for malicious purposes, its presence is typically hidden from the user and can be difficult to detect.", "Spyware. As the name implies, this is software that spies on your computer. Nobody likes to be spied on, and your computer doesn't like it either. Spyware can capture information like Web browsing habits, e-mail messages, usernames and passwords, and credit card information.", "Spyware. 1. Spyware is a term used to describe a software program that is intentionally installed on a computer by to monitor what other users of the same computer are doing. 2. A term used to describe a software program that has been designed to secretly gather information about a user's activity. ", "Spyware is usually advertising software that gets installed on your computer without your knowledge. Companies use it to pop up ads on your computer, track your Internet usage, and gather other personal information about you. These programs are usually not written very well and tend to cause a lot of problems. ", "Spyware is mostly classified into four types: system monitors, trojans, adware, and tracking cookies. Spyware is mostly used for the purposes of tracking and storing Internet users' movements on the Web and serving up pop-up ads to Internet users. Whenever spyware is used for malicious purposes, its presence is typically hidden from the user and can be difficult to detect.", "Spyware can also be used as a type of adware, where the software delivers unsolicited pop-up ads in addition to tracking user behavior. Typically, spyware is installed when a user installs a piece of free software that they actually wanted. When the desired software is installed, the spyware will piggyback on the installation and start collecting data from the user’s activities.", "Programs that secretly record what you do on your computer are called spyware. They can be used for some perfectly legitimate purposes, but the majority of spyware is malicious. Its aim is usually to capture passwords, banking credentials and credit card details-and send them over the internet to fraudsters. ", "Some spyware, such as keyloggers, may be installed by the owner of a shared, corporate, or public computer intentionally in order to monitor users. While the term spyware suggests software that monitors a user's computing, the functions of spyware can extend beyond simple monitoring. Whenever spyware is used for malicious purposes, its presence is typically hidden from the user and can be difficult to detect.", "Defining Spyware. Spyware is a program installed on your computer, with or without your permission, that can change system configurations, monitor your Internet activity and broadcast the information back to an outside party. Sluggish computer performance, altered home pages, and endless pop-ups are all signs your PC is infected. ", "Spyware is a type of malware that is installed on a computer without the knowledge of the owner in order to collect the owner’s private information. Spyware is often hidden from the user in order to gather information about internet interaction, keystrokes (also known as keylogging), passwords, and other valuable data. Typically, spyware is installed when a user installs a piece of free software that they actually wanted. When the desired software is installed, the spyware will piggyback on the installation and start collecting data from the user’s activities." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spyware", "http://techterms.com/definition/spyware", "http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/spyware.htm", "http://its.uiowa.edu/spyware", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spyware", "http://www.pctools.com/security-news/what-is-spyware/", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/guides/about-spyware", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spyware", "http://www.lavasoft.com/mylavasoft/securitycenter/articles/spyware", "http://www.pctools.com/security-news/what-is-spyware/" ] }

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[ "It is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb; that is, the entire clause modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "An adverbial is a construction that modifies, or describes, verbs. When an adverbial modifies a verb, it changes the meaning of that verb. Word groups that are also considered to be adverbials can also modify verbs: for example, a prepositional phrase, a noun phrase, a finite clause or a non-finite clause. (April 2007). In grammar an adverbial is a word (an adverb) or a group of words (an adverbial phrase or an adverbial clause) that modifies or tells us something about the sentence or the verb. (The word adverbial itself is also used as an adjective, meaning having the same function as an adverb.) Look at the examples below:", "An adverb clause is a group of words that is used to change or qualify the meaning of an adjective, a verb, a clause, another adverb, or any other type of word or phrase with the exception of determiners and adjectives that directly modify nouns. ", "comments powered by Disqus. An adverb phrase is simply two or more words that act as an adverb. It can modify a verb, adverb, or adjective and can tell “how”, “where”, “why”, or “when.”. An adverb clause which also modifies verbs, adverbs and adjectives; but, an adverb clause also includes a subject and a verb. ", "An adverbial clause is a clause that has an adverb-like function in modifying another clause. An adverbial clause is likely to be distinct in its syntax or verb morphology. ", "An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb; that is, the entire clause modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. As with all clauses, it contains a subject and predicate, although the subject as well as the (predicate) verb may sometimes be omitted and implied (see below). An adverbial clause is commonly, but not always, fronted by a subordinate conjunction —sometimes called a trigger word.", "An adverbial clause is a group of words which plays the role of an adverb. (Like all clauses, an adverbial clause will contain a subject and a verb.) For example: In the examples above, the normal adverb and adverbial clause both tell us when the gong is to be hit. They are both adverbs of time. All adverbs (including adverbial clauses) can usually be categorized as one of the following: Properties of an Adverbial Clause. 1 An adverbial clause is an adjunct. 2 An adverbial clause is a dependent clause. 3 An adverbial clause usually starts with a subordinating conjunction (e.g., although, because, if, until, when). 4 An adverbial clause will contain a subject and a verb.", "Adverb Clauses. An adverb may be a single word such as quickly, here or yesterday (see the page Adverbs), or a phrase such as the day before yesterday or to see my mother (see the page Adverb Phrases). However, adverbs can also be clauses, containing a subject and a full verb. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverbial", "http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/adverb/adverb-clauses/", "http://examples.yourdictionary.com/adverb-phrase-examples.html", "http://www-01.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnAdverbialClause.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverbial_clause", "http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/adverbial_clauses.htm", "http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/advcls.htm" ] }

[]

[ "The somatic nervous system (SoNS)" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A motor neuron (or motoneuron) is a nerve cell (neuron) whose cell body is located in the spinal cord and whose fiber (axon) projects outside the spinal cord to directly or indirectly control effector organs, mainly muscles and glands. Motor neurons' axons are efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the spinal cord to the effectors to produce effects. Types of motor neurons are alpha motor neurons, beta motor neurons, and gamma motor neurons.", "According to their targets, motor neurons are classified into three broad categories : Somatic motor neurons, which originate in the central nervous system, project their axons to skeletal muscles (such as the muscles of the limbs, abdominal, and intercostal muscles), which are involved in locomotion. Motor neurons' axons are efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the spinal cord to the effectors to produce effects. Types of motor neurons are alpha motor neurons, beta motor neurons, and gamma motor neurons.", "Afferent nerves are responsible for relaying sensation from the body to the central nervous system (CNS); efferent nerves are responsible for sending out commands from the CNS to the body, stimulating muscle contraction; they include all the non-sensory neurons connected with skeletal muscles and skin. Thus somatic nervous system consists of three parts: 1 Spinal nerves: They are peripheral nerves that carry sensory information into and motor commands out of the spinal cord. 2 Cranial nerves: They are the nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem.", "In Uncategorized. Motor (efferent) division of PNS carries motor responses from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, and other organs. Response by the nervous system is accomplished … by motor control. Neurons send impulses to the spinal chord and dendrites carry the message to the cell body the axons then sends them away Motor neurons efferent neurons", "There are upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons, with the cell type described above being a lower motor neuron. Upper motor neurons are cortico-spinal interneurons that arise from the motor cortex and descend to the spinal cord where they activate the lower motor neurons through synapses. Motor neurons' axons are efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the spinal cord to the effectors to produce effects. Types of motor neurons are alpha motor neurons, beta motor neurons, and gamma motor neurons.", "For the musician known as Somatic, see Hahn Rowe. The somatic nervous system (SoNS or voluntary nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with skeletal muscle voluntary control of body movements. The SoNS consists of afferent nerves and efferent nerves. Thus somatic nervous system consists of three parts: 1 Spinal nerves: They are peripheral nerves that carry sensory information into and motor commands out of the spinal cord. 2 Cranial nerves: They are the nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem.", "Generally, skeletal muscle tissue contracts in response to a signal from the nervous system. The skeletal muscles of one side of the body are controlled by the opposite side of the brain. Thus, injury to the left side of the brain tends to result in paralysis of the right side of the body. 5-22. The axon of the motor neuron passes out of the CNS to become a part of the nerves going to the individual skeletal muscles. e. Motor Units. In the skeletal muscle, the individual motor neuron (axon) has a terminal branching so that it contacts several striated muscle fibers." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_neuron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_neuron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_nervous_system", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_division_carries_motor_commands_to_muscles_and_glands", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_neuron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_nervous_system", "http://edgeroamer.com/sweethaven/medical/Physiology/HumPhys02.asp?iNum=0504" ] }

[]

[ "The sky,chieftain" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Kalani is not regularly used as a baby name for boys. It is not listed in the top 1000 names. Baby names that sound like Kalani include Kalahan, Kalanee, Kalaney, Kalino, Kaloney, Kaloni, Keallin, Keilani, Kelemen, Keylin, Keylyn, Kilian, Killian, Koloman, Kylian, Cadwallon, Calahan, Calyen, Cleone, and Colino.", "The meaning of Kalani is . The sky . Its origin is Hawaiian . This name is mostly being used as a unisex name. Last year it ranked 1,843rd in the U.S. Social Security Administration list of most popular baby names.", "Kalani /ka-la-ni/ [3 sylls.] as a girls' name (also used as boys' name Kalani) is pronounced kah-LAH-nee. It is of Hawaiian origin, and the meaning of Kalani is the heavens, sky; royal one. Kreatif forms: Kalami, Kaslani.", "Hawaiian Meaning: The name Kalani is a Hawaiian baby name. In Hawaiian the meaning of the name Kalani is: The sky; chieftain. American Meaning: The name Kalani is an American baby name. In Americ", "[ 3 syll. ka-la-ni, kal-ani ] The baby boy name Kalani is also used as a girl name. It is pronounced as KaaL AA Niy- †. Kalani is used predominantly in the English and Hawaiian languages, and its origin is Hawaiian. The name is of the meaning the heavens; the sky.", "Kalani is used as both a boys and girls name. It consists of 6 letters and 3 syllables and is pronounced Ka-la-ni. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 1072 in baby name popularity for girls with 237 occurrences. It ranked 2152 in popular baby names for boys with 63" ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Kalani/m", "http://www.ebabynames.com/#!meaning-of-Kalani", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Kalani", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/kalani", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Kalani/m", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Kalani.html" ] }

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[ "Probably about 2 minutes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Yum How to cook rice in the microwave Servings: 4 Prep Time: 1 minute Cook Time: 12 mintutes To make perfect microwaved rice, follow these instructions. Ingredients: 1 1/2 cups white rice-basmati, jasmine, sushi rice 2 1/4 cups water Directions: 1. Scoop the rice into the microwave-safe container, pot or steamer. Fill the pot with water and swish the water and rice with your hands. Pour out the water, keeping the rice in the pot (just cup your hands around the rice to prevent it from pouring out). *I’ll have to write separate post on how to microwave brown rice and wild rice next time – different water + timing instructions. For 4 people, add 1 1/2 cups of rice. This will make about 3 cups of cooked rice. Pour in some cool water and swish the rice around to wash it", "Probably about 2 minutes. Depending on your microwave, you will probably have to tweak the time by 30 seconds. But on 4 or 5 different microwaves, microwave time for me has always been between one minute and thirty seconds (1:30) and two minutes and thirty seconds (2:30). Of course, if you microwave more than one rice bag at a time, you will need to double that.", "Mix rice and water in a microwave-safe container. A good place to start is two parts water for every part of rice (e.g., 2 cups rice to 4 cups water). You can adjust the ratio through experimentation, depending on how dry or moist you prefer your rice, the power of your microwave and the size/shape of the container. To rinse, put the desired amount of dry rice in a container and fill it up with cold water. Use clean hands to sift the rice in the water. Drain and repeat. To soak", "Instructions. Place pre-cooked rice in a microwavable container. Add 2 tbsp. of water for every cup of rice you plan to reheat. Secure the lid on top of the container. Place the container in the microwave. Set the timer for 30 seconds for 1 c. of rice and adjust the time accordingly based on how much rice you cook. For example, if you are reheating 5 c. of rice, set the timer for two minutes and 30 seconds. Check the cooking percentage on your microwave", "Let rest covered for 3 minutes. 1. Scoop the rice into the microwave-safe container, pot or steamer. Fill the pot with water and swish the water and rice with your hands. Pour out the water, keeping the rice in the pot (just cup your hands around the rice to prevent it from pouring out). *I’ll have to write separate post on how to microwave brown rice and wild rice next time – different water + timing instructions. For 4 people, add 1 1/2 cups of rice. This will make about 3 cups of cooked rice. Pour in some cool water and swish the rice around to wash it", "1 (Some rices have more starchy coating than others.). 2 Measure the rice and water: For most rice, use a 1:2 ratio of one cup of rice to two cups of water. 3 Measure a half cup of uncooked rice per person and scale this ratio up or down depending on how much you're making. A 2-quart saucepan for one to two cups of uncooked rice is a good size. Add the rice: When the water has come to a boil, stir in the rice, salt, and butter (if using), and bring it back to a gentle simmer. Cover and cook: Cover the pot and turn the heat down to low.", "1 Measure the rice and water: For most rice, use a 1:2 ratio of one cup of rice to two cups of water. 2 Measure a half cup of uncooked rice per person and scale this ratio up or down depending on how much you're making. A 2-quart saucepan for one to two cups of uncooked rice is a good size. Add the rice: When the water has come to a boil, stir in the rice, salt, and butter (if using), and bring it back to a gentle simmer. Cover and cook: Cover the pot and turn the heat down to low.", "1. Before cooking, optionally rinse or soak the rice. This is necessary for some types of rice (especially brown rice, which is much harder than white rice), but it improves the flavor and texture of most types. To rinse, put the desired amount of dry rice in a container and fill it up with cold water. Use clean hands to sift the rice in the water. Drain and repeat. To soak, put the desired amount of dry rice in a container and fill it up with cold water.", "As we waited for our leftover white rice to reheat in the microwave yesterday, we started to ponder the question of reheated rice. We almost always use the microwave to warm up leftovers, but it often leaves the rice grainy and dry. " ], "url": [ "http://steamykitchen.com/22048-how-to-microwave-rice-recipe.html", "http://www.instructables.com/id/Warm-Rice-Bag/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Rice-in-a-Microwave", "http://www.ehow.com/how_10008886_reheat-rice-microwave.html", "http://steamykitchen.com/22048-how-to-microwave-rice-recipe.html", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-cook-rice-on-the-stove-44333", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-cook-rice-on-the-stove-44333", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Rice-in-a-Microwave", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-do-you-reheat-rice-76610" ] }

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[ "Top vented gas fireplace inserts cost $750 to $3,000, and installation adds another $500 to $1,000. Direct-vent gas fireplaces cost $1,000 to $3,500, plus $500 to $1,000 for installation." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Top vented gas fireplace inserts cost $750 to $3,000, and installation adds another $500 to $1,000. 2 Direct-vent gas fireplaces cost $1,000 to $3,500, plus $500 to $1,000 for installation.", "1 Inserts cost $1,200-$2,900, with professional installation adding another $600-$1,000. 2 A direct-vent gas fireplace doesn't need a chimney and is a way to add a fireplace where there isn't one. 3 Installation is through an outside wall, and a pipe-within-a-pipe feature lets air in and exhaust out with just one vent.", "1 Direct-vent gas fireplaces cost $1,000 to $3,500, plus $500 to $1,000 for installation. 2 The cost of a ventless gas fireplace is $500 to $2,500, and while there are additional installation costs, you may pay extra for finish work (such as a mantle, marble surround, etc.).", "1 These types can include wood, gas and pellet burning fireplaces which makes the prices of the inserts different. 2 On average, a fireplace insert can cost as little as $200 to as much as $3,000. 3 A good quality insert is going to be within the $1,000 to $2,500 price range.", "1 Vented gas logs (need a working chimney) run about $300-$550, and ventless/unvented gas logs (without a working chimney or pipes) are $350-$600, with installation estimated at $200-$350 for a basic project, according to Hearth.com.", "The actual cost to install a gas fireplace may vary depending on your location, the product selected, complexity of the installation process, additional accessories purchased, and other options. 1 Top vented gas fireplace inserts cost $750 to $3,000, and installation adds another $500 to $1,000.", "1 Ventless (also called vent-free or unvented) gas fireplaces don't need a chimney or vent, and are either zero clearance (right against a wall) or close clearance (a few inches away). 2 They cost about $400-$1,500 plus installation of the gas lines and any desired mantle or surround.", "1 The cost of a ventless gas fireplace is $500 to $2,500, and while there are additional installation costs, you may pay extra for finish work (such as a mantle, marble surround, etc.). 2 Some top-of-the-line gas fireplaces may cost as much as $5,000 to $10,000 or more. 3 A gas log kit might cost $750 to $1,000 installed.", "1 Options include fans to move the heat, remote controls, wall switches and wall-mounted thermostats. 2 Inserts cost $1,200-$2,900, with professional installation adding another $600-$1,000. 3 A direct-vent gas fireplace doesn't need a chimney and is a way to add a fireplace where there isn't one." ], "url": [ "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-gas-fireplace.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-gas-fireplace.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/fireplace-insert-cost/", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-gas-fireplace.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/hvac-gas-fireplace.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/gas-fireplace.html" ] }

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[ "Seething pool" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "American Meaning: The name Cory is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Cory is: Seething pool. Irish Meaning: The name Cory is an Irish baby name. In Irish the meaning of the name Cory is: From the round hill. English Meaning: The name Cory is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Cory is: Hill; hollow. ", "What does Corey mean, popularity, numerology and more. The name Corey is of Irish origin. The meaning of Corey is from the hollow. It is also of English origin, where its meaning is seething pool. ", "[ 2 syll. co-rey, cor-ey ] The baby boy name Corey is sometimes used as a girl name. Its pronunciation is K AO R-iy- †. Corey is used chiefly in the English language, and its origin is Old French and Old Norse. Old Norse origin: It is literally from the word 'corey' meaning ravine. The name is of debated origin; it could be from the English surname Corey, derived from the personal name Kori (Old Norse), or else it could be from Corbin. Corey is a fairly popular baby name for boys. The name's popularity rose from the 1940s up to the 1980s; before that, it was of very light use only. At the modest peak of its usage in 1989, 0.383% of baby boys were given the name Corey. It ranked at #55 then. The baby name has since experienced a loss in popularity.", "Confidence votes 14. The name Corey was originally Kori from the Old Norse (A germanic language) which has a meaning unknown. Some say the meaning is A true soul, a real heart. The sudden popularity of this name might haved formed by Corey Baker on the popular 1960's show 'Julia'. hill hollow", "Scottish Meaning: The name Corey is a Scottish baby name. In Scottish the meaning of the name Corey is: Seething pool. American Meaning: The name Corey is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Corey is: Seething pool. Gaelic Meaning: The name Corey is a Gaelic baby name. In Gaelic the meaning of the name Corey is: Ravine. English Meaning: The name Corey is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Corey is: Hill hollow. The name Corey is an Anglo-Saxon baby name. In Anglo-Saxon the meaning of the name Corey is: Chosen. Irish Meaning: The name Corey is an Irish baby name. In Irish the meaning of the name Corey is: From the round hill or hollow.", "Corey /co-rey/ [2 sylls.] as a boys' name (also used less commonly as girls' name Corey) is pronounced KOR-ee. It is of Old Norse origin. From an English surname derived from an Old Norse personal name Kori. Of uncertain meaning. It may also derive from the Germanic name Godfrey meaning God-peace. ", "Borrowed from the Irish, Corey is a name of more than one derivation. It is the transferred use of the surname derived from the Gaelic coire (a cauldron, a seething pool, a hollow): hence, “dweller in or near a hollow.” Alternatively, it is an Anglicized form of the var-ious surnames derived from corra (a spear). ", "Form of: Itself (Corey). Keep in mind that many names may have different meanings in other countries and languages, so be careful that the name that you choose doesn’t mean something bad or unpleasant. Search comprehensively and find the name meaning of Corey and its name origin or of any other name in our database. Also note the spelling and the pronunciation of the name Corey and check the initials of the name with your last name to discover how it looks and sounds." ], "url": [ "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/cory", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Corey.html", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Corey/m", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_name_Corey_mean", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/corey", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Corey", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/corey", "http://www.thenamemeaning.com/corey/" ] }

[]

[ "15,768" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In 2013, the median household income of Secaucus residents was $85,392. Secaucus households made slightly more than Avalon households ($85,234) and Logan households ($85,379) . However, 8.6% of Secaucus residents live in poverty. The median age for Secaucus residents is 41.6 years young.", "Since 2005 Secaucus's population has grown by about 2%. Secaucus's property crime levels tend to be much higher than New Jersey's average level. The same data shows violent crime levels in Secaucus tend to be much low", "Secaucus, NJ Profile. Secaucus, NJ, population 15,768, is located in New Jersey's Hudson county, about 4.4 miles from Jersey City and 5.8 miles from New York. Through the 90's Secaucus's population has grown by about 13%. It is estimated that in the first 5 years of the past decade the population of Secaucus has declined by about 2%.", "Tornado activity: Secaucus-area historical tornado activity is slightly below New Jersey state average. It is 39% smaller than the overall U.S. average. On 5/28/1973, a category F3 (max. wind speeds 158-206 mph) tornado 23.0 miles away from the Secaucus town center caused between $50,000 and $500,000 in damages.", "As of 2010, the total population of Secaucus is 16,264, which is 2.09% more than it was in 2000. The population growth rate is lower than the state average rate of 4.49% and is much lower than the national average rate of 9.71%.", "Secaucus Demographics Summary. With 18,416 people, Secaucus is the 142nd most populated city in the state of New Jersey out of 564 cities. But watch out, Secaucus, because Dover with 18,313 people and Hopewell Township with 18,400 people are right behind you." ], "url": [ "http://www.newjersey-demographics.com/secaucus-demographics", "http://www.idcide.com/citydata/nj/secaucus.htm", "http://www.idcide.com/citydata/nj/secaucus.htm", "http://www.city-data.com/city/Secaucus-New-Jersey.html", "http://www.usa.com/secaucus-nj-population-and-races.htm", "http://www.newjersey-demographics.com/secaucus-demographics" ] }

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[ "They are mostly found in sub-Saharan Africa and in eastern and southern African parks.They like dry, open grasslands where they can pick up speed to kill prey.iew full size image" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Feeding Ecology and Diet. 1 Cheetah facts about its diet include a wide variety of animals. 2 These large felines predominantly feed on mammals measuring 40 kilograms (88 lb) or less. 3 They usually eat wildebeests, impala, Thomson’s gazelle, springbok, zebras, Guineafowl, and Hares. Distribution and Habitat. 1 Cheetah facts about its habitat display its widespread distribution across Africa, Iran, and Pakistan. 2 These felines are more likely to build their habitats in semi-deserts or open areas. 3 They are also known to live in savannahs and grassland where vegetation is abundant.", "Top facts. 1 The cheetah is the fastest land mammal on the planet, reaching speeds of up to 87 kilometres per hour. 2 Cheetahs mainly hunt during the day to avoid competition with larger predators such as lions and hyaenas, which usually hunt at night. 1", "Cheetahs are mostly found in sub-Saharan Africa and in eastern and southern African parks. Some of the animals can still be found in southern Algeria, northern Niger and Iran. They like dry, open grasslands where they can pick up speed to kill prey. View full size image. Cheetahs are big cats, members of the Felidae family and closely related to bobcats, lynxes and pumas. These graceful animals are identified by their unique black spots on gold or yellow coats and are known for their amazing speed.", "The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a big cat in the subfamily Felinae that inhabits most of Africa and parts of Iran. It is the only extant member of the genus Acinonyx. The cheetah can run as fast as 109.4 to 120.7 km/h (68.0 to 75.0 mph), faster than any other land animal. The cheetah is a unique felid, with its closest living relatives being the puma and jaguarundi of the Americas. This cat is notable for modifications in the species' paws, being one of the few felids with only semi-retractable claws.", "Not so long ago cheetahs inhabited an area from North Africa to India, but they are now commonly found only in sub-Saharan Africa (south of the Sahara Desert). Their range includes sparse sub-desert, steppe (a treeless plain), medium and long-grass plains. ", "Cheetahs are carnivores, meaning their primary food is meat. The predators stick to smaller prey, such as gazelles, hares, young wildebeest, warthogs and birds. These cats were made for a dry lifestyle. They only need to drink water every three or four days. View full size image. Cheetahs are big cats, members of the Felidae family and closely related to bobcats, lynxes and pumas. These graceful animals are identified by their unique black spots on gold or yellow coats and are known for their amazing speed.", "Cheetah Diet. As a truly carnivorous animal that depends on meat for survival, the cheetah utilizing its speed to hunt various prey that inhabit the open or partially open savannah. In general, the diet of the cheetah consists of gazelles, wildebeest calves, impalas, and smaller hoofed animals in its habitat. Furthermore, cheetahs may eat rabbits, birds, hares, antelopes, and warthogs.", "In the wild, the cheetah is a prolific breeder, with up to nine cubs in a litter. The majority of cubs do not survive to adulthood, mainly as a result of depredation from other predators. The rate of cub mortality varies from area to area, from 50% to 75%, and in extreme cases such as the Serengeti ecosystem, up to 90%. The cheetah is a unique felid, with its closest living relatives being the puma and jaguarundi of the Americas. This cat is notable for modifications in the species' paws, being one of the few felids with only semi-retractable claws.", "Here are some of the most interesting and amazing cheetah facts for kids. The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a feline that is endemic to Africa with some of the species are also found in the Middle East. These animals are the extant members of genus Acinonyx. Without any doubt, cheetah is the fastest living animal on earth and covers a vast distance of about 500 metres (1,600 feet). Distribution and Habitat. 1 Cheetah facts about its habitat display its widespread distribution across Africa, Iran, and Pakistan. 2 These felines are more likely to build their habitats in semi-deserts or open areas. 3 They are also known to live in savannahs and grassland where vegetation is abundant.", "The cheetah is listed as vulnerable, facing various threats including: loss of habitat and prey; conflict with humans; the illegal pet trade; competition with and predation by other carnivores; and a gene pool with very low variability. The cheetah is a unique felid, with its closest living relatives being the puma and jaguarundi of the Americas. This cat is notable for modifications in the species' paws, being one of the few felids with only semi-retractable claws." ], "url": [ "http://animalstime.com/cheetah-facts-kids-cheetah-habitat-diet/", "http://www.arkive.org/cheetah/acinonyx-jubatus/", "http://www.livescience.com/27319-cheetahs.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheetah", "http://cheetahspot.com/habitat.php", "http://www.livescience.com/27319-cheetahs.html", "http://www.conservationinstitute.org/cheetah-facts/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheetah", "http://animalstime.com/cheetah-facts-kids-cheetah-habitat-diet/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheetah" ] }

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[ "Unicellular protozoa and algae" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Protozoa are eukaryotic cells and, as a result, have organelles and structures common to this kind of cell: endoplasmic reticula, a Golgi apparatus, digestive vesicles, ribosomes, mitochondria, a nucleus with genetic material, karyotheca, etc. All these elements are found dispersed throughout the cytoplasm.", "Protista, group of comparatively simple organisms, called protists, that have characteristics of both. and. . Most protists are unicellular (consisting of a single. ) and can only be seen with a microscope, although there are some that are composed of more than one cell.", "These protists move by beating their long whiplike structures called flagella. These protists can have one or more flagella that help them move. Many of these protists live in the bodies of other organisms. Sometimes, they help their host, while at other times they harm their host.", "Most are unicellular, some are colonial, and other are simple multicellular organisms closely related to single protist cells. One group of protists, the algae, are autotrophic photosynthesizers, while the rest eat bacterial or other protistan cells, or small organic particles suspended or dissolved in water.", "Protists are a group made up of protozoa, unicellular algae, and slime molds. We will concentrate on the animal portion of this group: the protozoa (proto = first, zoa = animals). Protozoa are the oldest known group of heterotrophic life that consume and transform complex food particles into energy.", "1 Commonly called haptophyte algae, these protists are pigmented with chlorophylls A and B and a pigment called fucoxanthin. 2 Instead of a flagellum, these have similiar structures called haptonema. 3 These haptonema are threadlike and help the haptophyte move around, along with other functions.", "The protist kingdom includes protozoa and algae. (Two groups of fungi with similar characteristics to protozoa, myxomycetes and oomycetes, have been classified as protists.). Unicellular protozoa and algae are unicellular eukaryotes. Pluricellular algae are also eukaryotes of simple structure. Protists are believed to be the phylogenetic ancestors of the living organisms of the other eukaryotic kingdoms (fungi, animals and plants)." ], "url": [ "http://www.biology-questions-and-answers.com/protists.html", "http://autocww2.colorado.edu/~toldy2/E64ContentFiles/VirusesMoneransAndProtists/Protista.html", "http://www.tnmanning.com/id151.htm", "http://classic.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb5/Labs/Classification_Lab/Eukarya/Protista/", "http://eol.org/info/456", "http://faculty.college-prep.org/~bernie/sciproject/project/Kingdoms/Protista3/Structural%20Features-Noble/Structure%20and%20Function.htm", "http://www.biology-questions-and-answers.com/protists.html" ] }

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[ "Welsh origin" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Share what you know! Nicknames for Rice: | Edit. Share what you know! Meanings and history of the name Rice: | Edit. Rice is a surname that is usually of Welsh origin, but also can be Irish, English, or even German. In Wales it is an Anglicized transliteration of Rhys, as are Reese and Price. Comments and insights on the name Rice: | Edit. Rice is appealing because it sounds like Brice and Price, and it's also in the last-name-as-first-name vein. Rice was used in the 1800s as a given name, probably due to parents passing on the mother's maiden name.", "There is more to Rice family history than the origin of your surname: Start your Genealogy to find your personal Rice family ancestry. It's easy to get started. Just begin your family tree with what you already know. ", "Rice is a surname that is frequently of Welsh origin, but also can be Irish, English, or even German. In Wales it is an Anglicized transliteration of Rhys, as are Reese and Reece. Recent genetic evidence shows the surname also arose independently in southeastern England among men with non-Celtic ancestry. The German name Reiss has also been transliterated as Rice in the United States. This page or section lists people with the surname Rice. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link.", "Rice /rice/ [1 syll.] as a boys' name is of Welsh origin, and the meaning of Rice is enthusiasm. Anglicization of Rhys. Also a respelling of the German name Reis, possibly meaning knight on horseback, gatherer of twigs, wood carver, or dweller in the brush. Football player Jerry Rice. Rice is an uncommonly occurring first name for males but a very prominent surname for both adults and children (#169 out of 150436, Top 1%). (2000 U.S. Census). Charted below is the baby name popularity of Rice for boys.", "Welsh Meaning: The name Rice is a Welsh baby name. In Welsh the meaning of the name Rice is: Ardent. American Meaning: The name Rice is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Rice is: Ardent. Anglo-Saxon Meaning: The name Rice is an Anglo-Saxon baby name. In Anglo-Saxon the meaning of the name Rice is: Powerful.", "Rice at RootsWeb databases. Rice in RootsWeb surname mailing lists. Rice genealogy mailing list for correspondence and sharing of information pertaining to family histories of the Rice surname and its variations. Or check the index of mailing lists for a sound-alike name. Rice in Ancestry Message Boards.", "It originates from the pre 7th century Olde English personal name Ris or Rhys, meaning ardour or sometimes fiery warrior. The name first appears as Hris in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles for the county of Cambridgeshire, in the year 1052, and as Rees in the Domesday Book of Cheshire, dated 1086. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of William Res. This was dated 1203, in the Pipe Rolls of Lincolnshire, during the reign of King John of England, 1199 - 1216." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/rice", "http://www.searchforancestors.com/surnames/origin/r/rice.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_(surname)", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Rice", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/rice", "http://surnames.meaning-of-names.com/genealogy/rice/", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Rice" ] }

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[ "45 to 85 °C" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Answers. Relevance. Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: I am a former chef from Canada and our newer stoves and ovens have both guides on them, for a low oven between 75 d C and 125 d C is considered a slow oven, in the old Fahrenheit scale that would roughly be 150-250 d F, even 140-150 d C is still while in that scale.", "(If cooking in the oven, bring to a simmer first on the stovetop, then put in the oven, start the temp at 350°F for 15 minutes, then drop it to 250°F for the next hour, and then to 225°F after that.). 3 Cook for 3 1/2 to 4 1/2 hours, or longer, until meat is tender. In order for this recipe to work properly, let the roast sit (wrapped) for one to two hours outside of the refrigerator so that it comes to room temperature (between 65 and 70°F) before cooking. Otherwise, it will take a lot longer to cook at the low heat called for in this recipe.", "Low-temperature cooking is a cooking technique using temperatures of 45 to 85 °C (113 to 185 °F) for a prolonged time to cook food. History [edit]. Low-temperature cooking has been used for a long time; evidence of its use can be found in indigenous cultures. Samoans and Tongans slow-cook meat in large pits for celebrations and ceremonies.", "Low-temperature cooking methods include sous vide cooking, slow cooking using a slow cooker, cooking in a normal oven which has a minimal setting of 70 °C (158 °F), and using a combi steamer providing exact temperature control. History [edit]. Low-temperature cooking has been used for a long time; evidence of its use can be found in indigenous cultures. Samoans and Tongans slow-cook meat in large pits for celebrations and ceremonies.", "h. At this altitude, water boils at approximately 201 degrees. I am making green chili, and after a lot of prep, the chili is supposed to simmer (i.e., just below boiling, I presume) for a few hours. So I thought, why not put it in the oven at 200 degrees. ", "Use the Oven to Keep Stews at a Simmer. Trying to keep a pot of stew, soup, or braise at a low simmer on the stove can be a tricky endeavor since everyone’s stove is different. Sometimes it’s too hot, sometimes it’s not hot enough. The result is that we end up peeking into the pot frequently and are constantly playing with the knobs to try to get it right. For most stews and braised dishes, look for the part in the recipe says “turn down to a simmer, cover, and cook.” Do everything before this as instructed on the stove and save the long cooking part (when maintaining temperature is the most important) for the oven.", "I think that the term is usually used like, eg bring to a boil then simmer for 5 minutes would be, when you boil something you would normally do it on high heat...but after the ingredients are put in the pot, depending on the food you would sometimes keep the fire burning strong boil, or simmer it at low heat. I've been instructed to bring to a boil and simmer the soup for 35 minutes.. The internet is filled with unsatisfying and at times contradictory answers. My research yields a few prototypical examples: 1 Simmer means low or off position, suggesting basically no heat at all. 2 To simmer is to heat to a temperature point just off boiling, generally acknowledged as somewhere around 95 degrees C or something like 195 degrees F", "Sounds way to high to me. 212 F is boiling, so to simmer, I set my oven at 250 F. However, it is important to get the dutch oven full of food to boiling before you put it in the preheated oven. I even heat the dutch oven cover on another burner on low so that the whole dutch oven is hot when it goes into the oven. For most stews and braised dishes, look for the part in the recipe says “turn down to a simmer, cover, and cook.” Do everything before this as instructed on the stove and save the long cooking part (when maintaining temperature is the most important) for the oven." ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090111082441AAZ1Eb4", "http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/pot_roast/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-temperature_cooking", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-temperature_cooking", "http://www.chowhound.com/post/simmering-284995", "http://noshon.it/tips/simmer-stew-in-the-oven/", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/19160/what-does-bring-to-a-simmer-mean", "http://noshon.it/tips/simmer-stew-in-the-oven/" ] }

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[ "Its chief use is as petrochemical feedstock for ethylene production." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Ethane (/ˈɛθeɪn/ or /ˈiːθeɪn/) is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C 2 H 6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas, and as a byproduct of petroleum refining. Its chief use is as petrochemical feedstock for ethylene production.", "Because the chemical structure only consists of single bonds between hydrogen and carbon atoms, ethane is classified as an alkane. Ethane has many uses. It is the second most abundant component of natural gas that is commonly used in many homes.", "Ethane is a hydrocarbon compound that exists in nature as an odorless and colorless gas at standard temperature and pressure. Due to the presence of a single bond in its structure, it is classified as an alkane hydrocarbon and is included in the first four primary alkanes: methane, ethane, propane, and butane.", "Ethane is a colorless, odorless and flammable gas with a chemical formula of C2H6 - it has two carbon (C) atoms and six hydrogen (H) atoms. It is only composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, so it is classified as a hydrocarbon.", "Ethane is a hydrocarbon with a molecular structure C2H6, and belongs to the group of natural gas liquids (or NGLs). NGLs include ethane, propane (C 4 H 8), n-butane (C 4 H 10), iso-butane (C 4 H 10), and natural gasoline (C 5 and C 6 molecules).", "1 The chemical formula for ethane gas is C 2 H 6. 2 Ethane is a hydrocarbon that exists in nature as an odorless and colorless gas at standard temperature and pressure. 3 It is a stable compound and shows resistance to reactivity. 4 It has a molar mass of 30.07 grams per mole (g/mol).", "Ethane-1,2-diol, (ethylene glycol, monoethylene glycol, MEG) which is manufactured from ethene via epoxyethane, is used to make polyester fibres, resins and films although it is probably better known for its use as a coolant in cars.", "1 Ethane is a hydrocarbon that exists in nature as an odorless and colorless gas at standard temperature and pressure. 2 It is a stable compound and shows resistance to reactivity. 3 It has a molar mass of 30.07 grams per mole (g/mol).", "Ethane is a hydrocarbon gas made from petroleum. It is the second (first is methane) in a series of simple hydrocarbon petrochemical compounds in a family of related compounds named ‘Alkanes’, all of which have the feature of containing only single bonds between carbon atoms." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethane", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/ethane-structure-uses-formula.html", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-ethane.htm", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/ethane-structure-uses-formula.html", "http://marketrealist.com/2014/04/ethane-important-energy-companies/", "http://www.innovateus.net/science/what-ethane", "http://www.essentialchemicalindustry.org/chemicals/ethane-12diol.html", "http://www.innovateus.net/science/what-ethane", "http://www.innovateus.net/science/what-ethane" ] }

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[ "Roy Williamson and Ronnie Browne" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "jul. 2012. The Corries were a Scottish folk group that emerged from the Scottish folk revival of the early 1960s. Although the group was a trio in the early days, it was as the partnership of Roy Williamson and Ronnie Browne that it is best known. Roy Williamson was born in 1936 in Edinburgh, Lothian.", "The Corries were a Scottish folk group that emerged from the Scottish folk revival of the early 1960s. Although the group was a trio in the early days, it was the partnership of Roy Williamson and Ronnie Browne that it is best known.", "Listeners. read more. The Corries were a Scottish folk group which emerged from the Scottish folk revival of the early 1960s. Although the group went through several changes of line-up in the early days, it was as the partnership of Roy Williamson (1936 - 1990) and Ronnie Browne that it is best known.", "The Corries were a Scottish folk group that emerged from the Scottish folk revival of the early 1960s. Although the group was a trio in the early days, it was the partnership of Roy Williamson and Ronnie Browne that it is best known.", "Biography Read More. The Corries were a Scottish folk group that emerged from the Scottish folk revival of the early 1960s. Although the group was a trio in the early days, it was as the partnership of Roy Williamson and Ronnie Browne that it is best known...." ], "url": [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXYGFpzTKPw", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Corries", "http://www.last.fm/music/The+Corries", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/a816d0c7-addb-4642-9946-f4cdf3a8186f", "http://www.jango.com/music/The+Corries" ] }

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[ "Chinese art" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "New things happened during Han times. One of the most important was the trade that had begun with ancient Rome via the silk road . There was a demand in the Roman Empire for Chinese silk. That brought new wealth into China, along with gold, silver, and precious gems. Another was the invention of paper.", "An important contributor to Chinese art, and a high point in Chinese civilization, the Tang Dynasty provided the first real stability since the collapse of the Han Dynasty in 220 CE.", "The Han dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE) was abundant in cultural relics and over 10,000 tombs were constructed for the leaders and officials who served during the regime. The Han dynasty emerged after a five-year civil war had broken out.", "The arts of the Western Zhou Dynasty were mainly a continuation of Shang art which had flourished during the years 1700 to 1050 BCE, such as bronze metallurgy and bronze sculpture. In addition, a large quantity of Jade ornaments and objects continued to be made for both ritual ceremonies and ornamental purposes.", "This type of paper was unearthed in a Han tomb somewhere in Ganshu Province and it is so far the earliest type of paper found. But during the Eastern Han Dynasty around 104 A.D., a eunuch of the Imperial Court named Cai Lun invented a new type of paper. It was said that he took bamboo fibers and the inner bark of a mulberry tree. He then added water to these and pounded them using a wooden tool.", "The Han dynasty is notable for its concentration on organized ceramic production. Mass-produced functional vessels, some stamped with place names and government offices, suggest that a true nationwide industry had come into existence and that some ceramic workshops were already state controlled.", "After the civil war that followed the death of Qin Shihuangdi in 210 B.C., China was reunited under the rule of the Han dynasty, which is divided into two major periods: the Western or Former Han (206 B.C.9 A.D.) and the Eastern or Later Han (25220 A.D.).", "According to recent research and excavations, the earliest form of paper was dated back to the Western Han Dynasty, but this type of paper was made hemp that was pounded and disintegrated. It was very coarse, had an uneven texture and it was very thick." ], "url": [ "http://china.mrdonn.org/han.html", "http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/east-asian-art/tang-dynasty.htm", "http://gallery.sjsu.edu/oldworld/asiangate/chinesetombs/tomb-dynasties-han-page.htm", "http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/east-asian-art/zhou-dynasty.htm", "http://totallyhistory.com/the-invention-of-paper/", "http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/ceramics/early-chinese-ceramics-han.cfm", "http://metmuseum.org/toah/hd/hand/hd_hand.htm", "http://totallyhistory.com/the-invention-of-paper/" ] }

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[ "Tailor the shoe to your foot.Pad the inside of your shoes where you felt the most irritation. Pad the heel.Mold them to your foot.Lubricate. Buy shoes at the end of the day. 7 Get off the sales floor." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "RELATED: 5. Add Some Padding. Blister patches, whether they’re stuck to your shoes or your feet, can help keep your shoes in place and prevent rubbing, says Yoshida. Try Dr. Scholl's for Her Rub Relief Strips ($9.99, amazon.com) or Compeed Blister Relief Pack Plasters ($8.48, amazon.com). Here are their tips for rocking your new shoes—from stilettos to sneakers—sans blisters. 1. Make Sure the Shoes Fit. This should be common sense, but the first step in preventing rubbing (and the ensuing blisters) is picking shoes in the right size.", "To drain a blister: 1 Sterilize a needle and the surface of the blister with rubbing alcohol. 2 Introduce the needle into the side of the blister, parallel to the skin, so you don't run the risk of piercing the flesh at the base of the blister. 3 Gently dab the blister with sterile gauze to facilitate the drainage. 4 Apply anti-bacterial ointment and a ... Meghan Cleary and podiatrist Megan Leahy, DPM to find out what we can do to love our shoes … and wear them, too! PREVENT BLISTERS BEFORE THEY HAPPEN: 1 Tailor the shoe to your foot. 2 Most of us wait until we get a blister to do something about it. 3 Cleary recommends padding a new shoe before wearing them outside. 4 When you first buy the heels, bring them home, put them on, and walk around your house in them for at least an hour", "Shoes that squeeze your foot, ones that are too loose, or ones that cause you to walk abnormally subject your foot to pressure and friction that may result in blisters. Try to avoid wearing these types of shoes, which include: 1 High heeled shoes, especially those with narrow toe boxes. To prevent blisters in these situations, make sure to: 1 Choose athletic shoes that fit your feet very comfortably. 2 Make sure you properly break your athletic shoes in by wearing them for only for short sessions until they conform to the shape of your feet.", "PREVENT BLISTERS BEFORE THEY HAPPEN: 1 Tailor the shoe to your foot. 2 Pad the inside of your shoes where you felt the most irritation. 3 Pad the heel. 4 Mold them to your foot. 5 Lubricate. 6 Buy shoes at the end of the day. 7 Get off the sales floor. Meghan Cleary and podiatrist Megan Leahy, DPM to find out what we can do to love our shoes … and wear them, too! PREVENT BLISTERS BEFORE THEY HAPPEN: 1 Tailor the shoe to your foot. 2 Most of us wait until we get a blister to do something about it. 3 Cleary recommends padding a new shoe before wearing them outside. 4 When you first buy the heels, bring them home, put them on, and walk around your house in them for at least an hou", "Simply, rub the Vaseline on any spot you normally get a blister. Places such as: the back of your heel, the sides of your feet/toes and where the edges of the shoes hit your skin. The Vaseline will help prevent friction created by your shoe rubbing on bare skin. The Vaseline allows the shoe to sit comfortably on your foot and won’t leave behind any annoying marks! How To Prevent Blisters From New Shoes. There is nothing better than getting a brand new pair of shoes and heading out for a night on the town! The only downside is that sometimes you end up with annoying blisters. Blisters show up after there is friction between you foot and shoe and can last for quite a few days.", "1 Wash your hands. 2 Don't skimp on the water and soap 3 ! Clean the blister. 4 Use a clean swab with water and soap, rubbing alcohol, or iodine. 5 Sterilize a needle (a small, sharp needle or a pin should do it—nothing fancy). 6 Use rubbing alcohol and a clean swab or pad. 1 Clean the blister. 2 Use a clean swab with water and soap, rubbing alcohol, or iodine. 3 Sterilize a needle (a small, sharp needle or a pin should do it—nothing fancy). 4 Use rubbing alcohol and a clean swab or pad. 5 Take a deep breath. 6 Try not to freak out about poking yourself with a needle.", "Typical causes of blisters on the feet include friction and pressure from wearing the wrong kind or size of shoes, from damp socks or skin, and from intense activity. If you already have blisters on your foot you will want to treat and heal them. To prevent blisters in these situations, make sure to: 1 Choose athletic shoes that fit your feet very comfortably. 2 Make sure you properly break your athletic shoes in by wearing them for only for short sessions until they conform to the shape of your feet.", "Here's what to do: 1 Thoroughly wash your hands. 2 Clean the blister area with alcohol or an iodine solution. 3 Puncture the blister with a needle you've sterilized (by soaking it in alcohol). 4 Leave the top on the blister. 5 DO NOT try to pull it off, because doing so will delay healing and open the raw area to infection. 1" ], "url": [ "http://www.womenshealthmag.com/style/how-to-prevent-blisters-from-new-shoes", "http://magazine.foxnews.com/style-beauty/bye-bye-blisters-love-your-shoes-and-wear-them-too", "http://www.wikihow.com/Prevent-Foot-Blisters", "http://magazine.foxnews.com/style-beauty/bye-bye-blisters-love-your-shoes-and-wear-them-too", "http://www.raininghotcoupons.com/prevent-blisters-new-shoes/", "http://greatist.com/fitness/runners-guide-prevent-treat-blisters", "http://www.wikihow.com/Prevent-Foot-Blisters", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/musculoskeletal/foot-injuries1.htm" ] }

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[ "1 Use the pry bar to lift the sliding glass door upward until the rollers clear the bottom track. \n2 Pull the bottom toward you until the door clears the upper track. \n3 If the door will not clear the rollers on the lower track, you may need to adjust the rollers. Pull the door toward you until it has cleared the top tracks. \n4 Remove the stationary door. \n5 To remove the stationary door, use your screwdriver to remove the retaining screws from the top and sides." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Remove the screen. 2 If your sliding glass doors have a screen, this will be the first part to remove. 3 Use the pry bar to lift the screen door from the bottom,by placing the pry bar somewhere near the center of the screen door and prying upward until the rollers have cleared the tracks. 1 Pull the door toward you until it has cleared the top tracks. 2 Remove the stationary door. 3 To remove the stationary door, use your screwdriver to remove the retaining screws from the top and sides. 4 Once again, you may have to use the pry bar to lift the door upward until the door clears the lower track.", "To remove a sliding glass door, you will need: 1 pry bar. 2 screwdriver. 3 padding for the floor. 4 Protect your floor. 5 These doors are very heavy and have sharp edges on the bottom, so it is a good idea to put something over the surface that you are working around. 1 Pull the door toward you until it has cleared the top tracks. 2 Remove the stationary door. 3 To remove the stationary door, use your screwdriver to remove the retaining screws from the top and sides. 4 Once again, you may have to use the pry bar to lift the door upward until the door clears the lower track.", "STEP 1 - REMOVE THE STATIONARY UNIT. In order to access the glass door units, first remove the screen door (if you have one). Lift one end of the frame and use a screwdriver or stiff putty knife to lift the bottom rollers from the track. Do this to both ends of the screen door and lift the screen door off the track. The stationary glass door unit is usually held in place by a metal plate that runs along the bottom of the track from the corner of the stationary unit to the bottom of the side jamb (there's a chance this piece may be missing, but if you do see one, remove it from the track.) [Picture 1].", "1 Use the pry bar to lift the sliding glass door upward until the rollers clear the bottom track. 2 Pull the bottom toward you until the door clears the upper track. 3 If the door will not clear the rollers on the lower track, you may need to adjust the rollers. 1 Pull the door toward you until it has cleared the top tracks. 2 Remove the stationary door. 3 To remove the stationary door, use your screwdriver to remove the retaining screws from the top and sides. 4 Once again, you may have to use the pry bar to lift the door upward until the door clears the lower track.", "Removing an Andersen Sliding Stationary Patio Door. To remove an Andersen stationary patio door, you must first remove the sliding door as in the previous step, and get a helper. Located at the bottom of the stationary door is a screw or screws that secure the door to the bottom sill. Sliding Glass Shower Doors. Step inside the shower or bathtub. Turn and face the sliding doors. Grasp the door that is closest to the inside of the tub or shower. Sliding glass shower or tub doors overlap each other as they slide, and one will be closer to the inside. Lift up on the door until the rollers clear the bottom rail, and pull inward", "Removing an Andersen Sliding Glass Door. Located above the sliding glass door on the interior side is a wood stop. A stop is a narrow board with a screw in it that holds the top of the sliding door in place. Ask a helper to hold the sliding door, and the remove the screw with a cordless drill. Sliding Glass Shower Doors. Step inside the shower or bathtub. Turn and face the sliding doors. Grasp the door that is closest to the inside of the tub or shower. Sliding glass shower or tub doors overlap each other as they slide, and one will be closer to the inside. Lift up on the door until the rollers clear the bottom rail, and pull inward", "5. Remove the screws that hold the fixed door in place in the sliding door tracks. If the fixed side of the sliding glass door is held up by a metal strip that attaches to the door jamb, remove it. Have a helper assist you with tilting the top of the fixed glass door in toward you and lifting it up out of the track. 3. Slide the moving side of the glass door over to the center of its track. Stand on the inside of the house. Have a helper assist you with tilting the top of door in toward you and lifting it up out of the bottom track.", "Then try to remove the bottom piece of the frame off of the sliding unit; you may need to use a rubber mallet or a piece of wood and tap on the bottom of the frame until it comes off of the sliding unit. Now that you have removed the bottom of the frame you can take a close look at your patio glass door rollers. ", "4. Pry off the roller adjustment screw caps on the sliding screen door. Turn the adjustment screws counter-clockwise to pull the rollers up into the door. Remove the sliding screen door by tilting the top toward you, then lifting it up out of the bottom track. 3. Slide the moving side of the glass door over to the center of its track. Stand on the inside of the house. Have a helper assist you with tilting the top of door in toward you and" ], "url": [ "http://www.mademan.com/mm/how-remove-sliding-glass-doors.html/", "http://www.mademan.com/mm/how-remove-sliding-glass-doors.html/", "http://www.swisco.com/guides/view35", "http://www.mademan.com/mm/how-remove-sliding-glass-doors.html/", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4987786_remove-sliding-glass-doors.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4987786_remove-sliding-glass-doors.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/disassemble-sliding-glass-door-24502.html", "http://www.naturalhandyman.com/iip/infdoor/infpatiodoorrollers.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/disassemble-sliding-glass-door-24502.html" ] }

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[ "Modbus RTU is widely used within Building Management Systems (BMS) and Industrial Automation Systems (IAS)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "MODBUS RTU messages are a simple 16-bit CRC (Cyclic-Redundant Checksum). The simplicity of these messages is to ensure reliability. Due to this simplicity, the basic 16-bit MODBUS RTU register structure can be used to pack in floating point, tables, ASCII text, queues, and other unrelated data.", "OVERVIEW. Modbus RTU is an open, serial (RS-232 or RS-485) protocol derived from the Master/Slave architecture. It is a widely accepted protocol due to its ease of use and reliability. Modbus RTU is widely used within Building Management Systems (BMS) and Industrial Automation Systems (IAS).", "Modbus-TCP means that the Modbus protocol is used on top of Ethernet-TCP/IP. Modbus-TCP is an open Industrial Ethernet network which has been specified by the Modbus-IDA User Organization in co-operation with the Internet Engeneering Task Force (IETF) as an RFC Internet standard.", "1 Modbus RTU-This is original Modbus. 2 It is used over RS-232 and RS-485 links. 3 Modbus ASCII-This is similar to Modbus RTU, but the data is encoded in ASCII instead of raw binary. 4 This version is mainly used over radio links.", "Modbus is not industry specific and is used across a wide range of industries. The common denominator is the messaging structure that all devices support. In response to customer demand, the semiconductor industry has implemented a Network Communication Standard and an Object Messaging Protocol using Modbus TCP/IP.", "Developed by Modicon, MODBUS is a master/slave serial line communication protocol is used to interconnect intelligent automation devices.", "Modbus-TCP means that the Modbus protocol is used on top of Ethernet-TCP/IP. It is an open Industrial Ethernet network which has been specified by the Modbus-IDA User Organization in co-operation with the Internet Engeneering Task Force (IETF) as an RFC Internet standard.", "Modbus is used in multiple master-slave applications to monitor and program devices; to communicate between intelligent devices and sensors and instruments; to monitor field devices using PCs and HMIs. Modbus is also an ideal protocol for RTU applications where wireless communication is required.", "Modbus Protocol is a messaging structure developed by Modicon in 1979. It is used to establish master-slave/client-server communication between intelligent devices. It is a de facto standard, truly open and the most widely used network protocol in the industrial manufacturing environment." ], "url": [ "http://www.rtaautomation.com/technologies/modbus-rtu/", "http://www.rtaautomation.com/technologies/modbus-rtu/", "http://www.anybus.com/products/modbustcp.shtml", "http://mblogic.sourceforge.net/mbapps/ModbusBasics-en.html", "http://www.modbus.org/faq.php", "http://www.belden.com/products/industrialcable/modbus.cfm", "http://www.anybus.com/products/modbustcp.shtml", "http://www.modbus.org/faq.php", "http://www.modbus.org/faq.php" ] }

[]

[ "$250,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "As much as $100,000 is insured in an FDIC insured bank by the full faith of the United States government. Only the $100,000 dollar amount is insured at each insured bank including principal and interest due. You cannot have more than this dollar amount insured regardless of how many accounts you have or with how many different branches or division of the bank the deposits are in.", "1 For individuals: Each bank and thrift customer's deposits are insured up to $250,000. 2 That includes checking, savings, money market accounts, certificates of deposit and individual retirement accounts. 3 For couples: All cash in a joint account is insured on a per-person basis", "So, on a joint account, both depositors are insured for $250,000, for total insurance coverage of up to $500,000 on the account. And, if you have $250,000 in a Zions Bank single ownership savings account and $250,000 in a Zions Bank IRA, each account is insured for $250,000 separately.", "All accounts owned by the same one person at the same insured bank are totaled and insured up to $250,000. For example, if you have a savings account with a $200,000 balance and a CD of $80,000, you would be uninsured for the $30,000 that exceeds the $250,000 limit.", "While your deposits are insured for up to $250,000 by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., or FDIC, that doesn't mean every account at a particular bank is covered for that amount. The way you structure your accounts could put you at risk.", "As much as $100,000 is insured in an FDIC insured bank by the full faith of the United States government. Only the $100,000 dollar amount is insured at each insured bank inclu … ding principal and interest due.", "When a bank fails, the FDIC ensures that bank members receive their accounts' funds--including interest--up to the insurance limit. In addition, the agency is responsible for handling the failed bank's assets and debt settlement.", "Ally Bank is a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). As an Ally Bank customer, your Ally Bank deposits are insured by the FDIC up to $250,000 per depositor, for each account ownership category." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_money_is_insured_in_a_bank_account", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/savings/fdic-insurance-protects-your-money-except-when.aspx", "https://www.zionsbank.com/learning-center/member-fdic.jsp", "http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/fdic-insurance-how-safe-money-29803-2.html", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/savings/fdic-insures-bank-deposits-to-250-000-1.aspx", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_money_is_insured_in_the_bank", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_7183095_much-account-insured-bank-fails_.html", "https://www.ally.com/bank/fdic/" ] }

[]

[ "Meat, eggs, peanuts, milk, mushrooms, greens, breads and cereals." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "40 foods high in niacin. Foods containing tryptophan can help increase niacin intake, as tryptophan is an amino acid that gets converted by the body into niacin. These foods include poultry, red meat, eggs, and dairy products. Note that niacin in grains is present in the bran of whole grains. Some foods high in niacin. When I studied biochemistry, I realized that B vitamins from foods were essential for our body to work properly. And vitamin B3, also known as niacin or nicotinic acid, is no exception. First, you’ll find the 40 foods that contain the highest amount of niacin. Then, I explain why B vitamins are important and why you want to avoid deficiencie", "The best sources of niacin are foods with a high protein content, such as meat, eggs, and peanuts. Other good sources of vitamin B3 equivalents, such as milk, actually provide more tryptophan than niacin. Mushrooms and greens are good vegetable sources. Foods That Contain Vitamin B3. The vitamin B3 we get from food includes preformed niacin and the amino acid tryptophan, which can be converted to niacin in the body. Food composition tables, however, list only preformed niacin", "Vegetables contain all of the B-complex vitamins, which work together. Niacin, also known as B-3, is one of the essential B-complex vitamins. In very high doses -- higher than generally found in foods -- niacin can help lower cholesterol levels. Most vegetables contain a number of B-complex vitamins that", "Healthy Eating Resources. Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water soluble B vitamin that actually refers to two similar compounds called nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. The term niacin was created in order to prevent people from confusing these two compounds with nicotine, the drug found in tobacco. ", "Download. Niacin is a water-soluble B vitamin also known as vitamin B3. This means that niacin is not stored in the body. You need to eat foods rich in niacin every day. Niacin helps your body use fat, protein and carbohydrates from foods to make energy. Niacin helps over 200 enzymes (natural chemicals in the body) to function normally in your body by helping your body use other B vitamins, and make DNA.", "1 Foods That Contain Vitamin B3 Niacin is found in foods with a high protein content, such as meat, eggs, and peanuts. 2 It can also be found in milk, mushrooms, and greens. 3 Niacin is added to enriched breads and cereals. 1 However, taking niacin supplements in high doses can be dangerous to your health. 2 Foods That Contain Vitamin B3 Niacin is found in foods with a high protein content, such as meat, eggs, and peanuts. 3 It can also be found in milk, mushrooms, and greens. 4 Niacin is added to enriched breads and cereals." ], "url": [ "http://www.anneshealthykitchen.com/top-40-foods-high-in-niacin-vitamin-b3/", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/vitamin-supplements/vitamin-b-33.htm", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/vegetables-niacin-3959.html", "http://drbenkim.com/nutrient-vitamin-b3-niacin.html", "http://www.dietitians.ca/Your-Health/Nutrition-A-Z/Vitamins/Food-Sources-of-Niacin.aspx", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/vitamin-supplements/vitamin-b-3.htm" ] }

[]

[ "Adenocarcinomas" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Adenocarcinomas that start in the gland cells are the next most common type of nose and paranasal sinus cancer. Cancers in these areas can also be lymphomas, plasmacytomas (closely related to myeloma), melanomas or sarcomas, and rare tumours called neuroendocrine carcinomas. Several layers of tissue make up each part of the nasal cavity (nose) and paranasal sinuses. Each layer contains many different types of cells. Different cancers can develop from each type of cell. It is important for doctors to recognise the type to help them decide on how best to treat the cancer.", "1 Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. 2 Different types of cells in the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity may become malignant. The most common type of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is squamous cell carcinoma. This type of cancer forms in the squamous cells (thin, flat cells) lining the inside of the paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity. 1 Signs of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer include sinus problems and nosebleeds. 2 Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to detect (find) and diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. 3 Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.", "Types of sinus cancer, nasal cancer, and skull-base cancer. Many different types of cancers can be found within the sinus cavities, nasal passageway and skull base. These cancers include: 1 Squamous carcinoma, occurring in the maxillary sinus. 2 Salivary gland cancers, occurring in the sinonasal cavity. 3 These cancers include adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. 4 Ethesioneuroblastoma, a common cancer of the nasal cavity.", "1 Different types of cells in the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity may become malignant. 2 Being exposed to certain chemicals or dust in the workplace can increase the risk of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. 3 Signs of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer include sinus problems and nosebleeds. 1 Signs of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer include sinus problems and nosebleeds. 2 Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to detect (find) and diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. 3 Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.", "Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer. More than 6 out of 10 nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers (60%) are SCCs. Squamous cells are the flat, skin like cells that cover the lining of the mouth, nose, larynx, thyroid and throat. Several layers of tissue make up each part of the nasal cavity (nose) and paranasal sinuses. Each layer contains many different types of cells. Different cancers can develop from each type of cell. It is important for doctors to recognise the type to help them decide on how best to treat the cancer.", "Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of non-melanoma skin cancer, as well as the most common type of nose cancer. It begins in the basal cells. Basal cells reside in the deepest part of the epidermis---the outer layer of skin. Photo Credit nose picker image by Theresa DeAngelis from Fotolia.com. Skin cancer, the most common type of cancer, results from the abnormal and uncontrollable growth of skin cells. Skin cancers can affect many parts of the body, such as the trunk, legs, arms and face and most often affect areas exposed to the sun.", "More than 6 out of 10 nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers (60%) are squamous cell carcinomas. Squamous cells are the flat, skin like cells that cover the lining of the mouth, nose, larynx, thyroid and throat. Carcinoma just means cancer. Several layers of tissue make up each part of the nasal cavity (nose) and paranasal sinuses. Each layer contains many different types of cells. Different cancers can develop from each type of cell. It is important for doctors to recognise the type to help them decide on how best to treat the cancer.", "1 Lymphomas (cancers arising from immune system cells called lymphocytes) can also occur in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. 2 One type of lymphoma seen in this area, T-cell/natural killer cell nasal-type lymphoma, was previously called lethal midline granuloma. 1 Squamous epithelial cells can become squamous cell carcinomas. 2 This is the most common type of cancer in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. 3 It makes up a little over half of cancers of these areas.", "Sinus cancer, nasal cancer and skull-base cancer usually originate in the maxillary sinus, the nasal cavity, and the ethmoid sinus, in that order. Cancers that originate at the top of your maxillary sinus, located between the eyes and the upper jaw, can invade your eyes and affect your vision. These cancers include: 1 Squamous carcinoma, occurring in the maxillary sinus. 2 Salivary gland cancers, occurring in the sinonasal cavity. 3 These cancers include adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. 4 Ethesioneuroblastoma, a common cancer of the ", "Changes in your hearing after nasal and sinus cancer. Sometimes treatment for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer may affect your hearing. Hearing loss can be caused by swelling in the tube that connects the ear with the back of your nose. This is usually temporary. This page is about how nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers can affect your hearing. You can find the following information. 1 A quick guide to what's on this page. 2 How your sense of hearing works. 3 Treatments that can affect your hearing. 4 Coping with changes to" ], "url": [ "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/nasal-cancer/about/types-of-nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer", "http://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/paranasal-sinus-treatment-pdq", "http://www.mountsinai.org/patient-care/service-areas/ent/areas-of-care/head-and-neck-cancer/sinus-cancer", "http://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/paranasal-sinus-treatment-pdq", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/nasal-cancer/about/types-of-nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/153938-types-of-skin-cancer-on-the-nose/", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/nasal-cancer/about/types-of-nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/nasalcavityandparanasalsinuscancer/detailedguide/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinuses-cancer-what-is-nasal-paranasal", "http://www.mountsinai.org/patient-care/service-areas/ent/areas-of-care/head-and-neck-cancer/sinus-cancer", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/nasal-cancer/living/changes-in-your-hearing-after-nasal-and-sinus-cancer" ] }

[]

[ "Annual salary of $ 174000." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "salary as of 2012 the base salary for all members of the u s house and senate is $ 174000 per year plus benefits that base salary is lower than that of many lawyers doctors and business people in the united states both houses of congress have not raised member salaries since 2009", "that too is wrong salaries and benefits of members of the u s congress have been the source of taxpayer unhappiness and myths over the years here are some facts for your consideration as of 2015 the base salary for all rank and file members of the u s house and senate is $ 174000 per year plus benefits salaries have not been increased since 2009 compared to private sector salaries the salaries of members of congress is lower than many mid level executives and managers also see the 10 wealthiest members of congress rank and file members the current salary 2015 for rank and file members of the house and senate is $ 174000 per year as it is for all other federal employees congressional retirement is funded through taxes and the participants contributions members of congress under fers contribute 1 3 percent of their salary into the fers retirement plan and pay 6 2 percent of their salary in social security taxes", "the total about $ 67250 per year a three term congressman or one term senator who has now reached retirement age would be eligible for an annual pension of $ 17588 for six years of work that s generous but not close to full pay federal law prevents members of congress from getting full pay retirement when they leave office under the formula it would take 67 years of service to hit that limit so the email saying that members of congress can receive full pay retirement after serving one term is blatantly bogus it s never full pay and the only one term members who would be eligible for any pension would be senators", "nancy pelosi will retire as a congress person at $ 174000 dollars a year for life she retired as speaker at $ 223500 a year plus she will receive an additional $ 193400 a year as minority leader that s $ 803700 dollars a year for life including free medical which is not available to us she is just one of the hundreds of senators and congress that float in and out every", "salary the u s constitution in article i section 6 authorizes compensation for members of congress ascertained by law and paid out of the treasury of the united states currently members salary is $ 174000 annually senator heller has never voted to increase his salary as a member of congress ", "according to the report members of congress receive an annual salary of $ 174000 which alone puts them in the highest paid 5 percent of u s workers they also however receive a host of additional benefits that put their total annual compensation at around $ 285000 ", "for the superwealthy and some members of congress are superwealthy salary doesn t matter according to my analysis of center for responsive politics data 18 percent of representatives and senators in 2011 had an estimated net worth of $ 5 million or more they probably wouldn t even notice if they got a raise for an apples to apples comparison we have to look at what members of congress earned in the past and how much they could earn at other jobs if representatives were paid today what they brought home in 1992 adjusted for inflation they could expect a $ 43000 pay bump bringing their earnings to $ 214000", "members of congress are paid $ 174000 annually and haven t enjoyed a pay raise since 2009 staffers are paid considerably less with the average staff assistant on the hill earning roughly $ 35000 per year ", "the message claims pelosi will retire as a member of congress making $ 174000 and that she ll earn it annually for life on top of her full speaker s salary of $ 223500 and minority leader s salary of $ 193400 for a whopping $ 803700 dollars a year for life including free medical plus she will receive an additional $ 193400 a year as minority leader that s $ 803700 dollars a year for life including free medical which is not available to us" ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/average-salary-newly-elected-congressman-7774.html", "http://usgovinfo.about.com/od/uscongress/a/congresspay.htm", "http://www.politifact.com/ohio/statements/2013/jan/11/chain-email/can-members-congress-retire-full-pay-after-just-on/", "http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2013/oct/17/chain-email/chain-email-says-lawmakers-earn-salaries-life-whic/", "http://www.heller.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/salary-and-benefits-received-by-members-of-congress", "http://dailycaller.com/2011/07/27/report-members-of-congress-earn-3-4-times-more-than-the-average-u-salary/", "http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2013/04/congressional_salaries_senators_representatives_and_their_staff_all_deserve.html", "http://www.cnn.com/2015/05/19/politics/members-of-congress-pay-raise/index.html", "http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2013/oct/17/chain-email/chain-email-says-lawmakers-earn-salaries-life-whic/" ] }

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[ "It is an antibiotic that belongs to a group of medicines called macrolides." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Rulide is typically prescribed for a period of 7 to 14 days and patients should take the medication for as long as it has been prescribed to prevent the infection from returning even if they become asymptomatic. Patients should not however, take doses larger than has been prescribed as this can result in an overdose. A reasonable risk suggests that it has been proven that Rulide may cause harm or birth defects if used by pregnant women. It has yet to be determined to what extent Rulide passes into the mother’s breast milk and what harm it might cause a nursing baby. Women who are pregnant or nursing should avoid taking Rulide.", "However, your doctor may have prescribed Rulide D for another reason. Ask your doctor if you have any questions about why Rulide D has been prescribed for your child. Rulide D (roxithyromycin) is an antibiotic, which belongs to a group of medicines called macrolides. These antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that are causing the infection. Like all antibiotics Rulide D will not work against viral infections. Rulide D is usually taken for 5 to 10 days. Children should not take Rulide D for more than 10 days. Ask your doctor if you are not sure how long your child should be taking it. Make sure your child takes Rulide D for the number of days your doctor has prescribed, even if they begin to feel better after a few day", "Rulide D (roxithyromycin) is an antibiotic, which belongs to a group of medicines called macrolides. These antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that are causing the infection. Like all antibiotics Rulide D will not work against viral infections. Rulide D works best on an empty stomach so it should be taken at least 15 minutes before food or at least 3 hours after a meal. Rulide D is usually taken for 5 to 10 days. Children should not take Rulide D for more than 10 days. Ask your doctor if you are not sure how long your child should be taking it. Make sure your child takes Rulide D for the number of days your doctor has prescribed, even if they begin to feel better after a few day", "The dosage of Rulide given to children is dependent on the child's weight. Rulide D should be used for children less than 40kg in weight. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure of the correct dose for you. They will tell you exactly how many to take. Do not take Rulide if you are also taking certain medicines for migraine headache called ergot alkaloids eg Migral, Cafergot, Ergodryl, Dihydergot (not all brands listed). Ask your doctor if you are not sure if you are taking one of these medicines. Do not take it after the expiry date (EXP) printed on the pack.", "Rulide, like other antibiotics, does not work against viral infections such as the flu. Your doctor, however, may prescribe Rulide for another purpose. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions about why it has been prescribed for you. This medicine is available only with a doctor's prescription. Do not take Rulide if you are also taking certain medicines for migraine headache called ergot alkaloids eg Migral, Cafergot, Ergodryl, Dihydergot (not all brands listed). Ask your doctor if you are not sure if you are taking one of these medicines. Do not take it after the expiry date (EXP) printed on the pack.", "Rulide is an antibiotic that belongs to a group of medicines called macrolides. These antibiotics work by killing or stopping the growth of the bacteria that are causing your infection. Rulide, like other antibiotics, does not work against viral infections such as the flu. ", "Rulide is generically prescribed as roxithromycin and can cause life threatening heart complications in patients who also take pimozide, astemizole, cisapride, ergot medications, and terfenadine. Rulide is an ineffective treatment option for patients suffering from infections caused by a virus or bacterium. A reasonable risk suggests that it has been proven that Rulide may cause harm or birth defects if used by pregnant women. It has yet to be determined to what extent Rulide passes into the mother’s breast milk and what harm it might cause a nursing baby. Women who are pregnant or nursing should avoid taking Rulide.", "It is used to treat respiratory tract, urinary and soft tissue infections. Roxithromycin is derived from erythromycin, containing the same 14-membered lactone ring. However, an N-oxime side chain is attached to the lactone ring. It is also currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of male-pattern hair loss." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicalook.com/reviews/Rulide.html", "http://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/rulide-d-tablets-for-suspension", "http://www.news-medical.net/drugs/Rulide-D.aspx", "http://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/rulide-tablets", "http://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/rulide-tablets", "http://www.news-medical.net/drugs/Rulide.aspx", "http://www.medicalook.com/reviews/Rulide.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roxithromycin" ] }

[]

[ "The First Battle of Bull Run was a battle that happened in Manasses, Virginia on July 21, 1861, during the US Civil War. It was the first major engagement between the opposing armies of the North (Union) and South (Confederacy)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Introduction. On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia, in the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Prelude to the First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas). By July 1861, two months after Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter to begin the Civil War, the northern press and public were eager for the Union Army to make an advance on Richmond ahead of the planned meeting of the Confederate Congress there on July 20.", "A+E Networks. On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia, in the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Prelude to the First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas). By July 1861, two months after Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter to begin the Civil War, the northern press and public were eager for the Union Army to make an advance on Richmond ahead of the planned meeting of the Confederate Congress there on July 20.", "Play video. In This Day in History video clip: The First Battle of Bull Run, was the first major land battle of the American Civil War, fought on July 21, 1861, near Manassas, Virginia. In the first major land battle of the Civil War, a large Union force under General Irvin McDowell is routed by a Confederate army under General Pierre G.T.", "APEX(= -The Confederate forces defeated the Union forces.. The battle of Bull Run was the first battle after Fort Sumter, the battle leading to the war. It was fought on Jul … y 21, 1861 and it was a Southern win. The defeat of the Union forces dispelled any hope of a quick end to the war. A second battle at this location, called the Second Battle of Bull Run was fought a year later, on August 28-30, 1862. This was another, less overwhelming victory for the Confederacy, and likely the high point for the South in the war.", "The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as First Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was fought on July 21, 1861, in Prince William County, Virginia, near the city of Manassas, not far from the city of Washington, D.C. It was the first major battle of the American Civil War. The Union 's forces were slow in positioning themselves, allowing Confederate reinforcements time to arrive by rail. Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained and poorly led troops in their first battle.", "The First Battle of Bull Run was a battle that happened in Manasses, Virginia on July 21, 1861, during the US Civil War. It was the first major engagement between the opposi … ng armies of the North (Union) and South (Confederacy). The defeat of the Union forces dispelled any hope of a quick end to the war. A second battle at this location, called the Second Battle of Bull Run was fought a year later, on August 28-30, 1862.", "This was the first major land battle of the armies in Virginia. On July 16, 1861, the untried Union army under Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell marched from Washington against the Confederate army, which was drawn up behind Bull Run beyond Centreville. On the 21st, McDowell crossed at Sudley Ford and attacked the Confederate left flank on Matthews Hill. Learn more about the first major battle of the American Civil War-the Battle of First Manassas (Bull Run). It was here that two green armies met in the field for the first time.", "The First Battle of Bull Run was a battle that happened in Manasses, Virginia on July 21, 1861, during the US Civil War. It was the first major engagement between the opposi … ng armies of the North (Union) and South (Confederacy). The defeat of the Union forces dispelled any hope of a quick end to the war. A second battle at this location, called the Second Battle of Bull Run was fought a year later, on August 28-30, 1862. This was another, less overwhelming victory for the Confederacy, and likely the high point for the South in the war.", "APEX(= -The Confederate forces defeated the Union forces.. The battle of Bull Run was the first battle after Fort Sumter, the battle leading to the war. It was fought on July 21, 1861 and it was a Southern win. The 2 commanders of the war were General McDowell commanding 28,000 men and Comander Bearguard commanding 3,3000 Confederates. It was the first major engagement between the opposi … ng armies of the North (Union) and South (Confederacy). The defeat of the Union forces dispelled any hope of a quick end to the war. A second battle at this location, called the Second Battle of Bull Run was fought a year later, on August 28-30, 1862.", "First Battle of Bull Run. The first battle of Bull Run (or first battle of Manassas) was the first major engagement of the Civil War. On July 16, 1861, the Union army under Gen. Irvin McDowell began to move on the Confederate force under Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard at Manassas Junction, Va. " ], "url": [ "http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run", "http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run", "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-first-battle-of-bull-run", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_happened_after_the_battle_at_bull_run", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_Bull_Run", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_happened_in_the_Battle_of_Bull_Run", "http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/bullrun.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_happened_after_the_battle_at_bull_run", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_happened_in_the_Battle_of_Bull_Run", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/bull-run-first-battle-bull-run.html" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In transcription, the codons of a gene are copied into messenger RNA by RNA polymerase.This RNA copy is then decoded by a ribosome that reads the RNA sequence by base-pairing the messenger RNA to transfer RNA, which carries amino acids. Enzymes Required. DNA Helicase, DNA Polymerase. Definition. DNA replication is the replication of a strand of DNA into two daughter strands, each daughter strand contains half of the original DNA double helix. Uses the genes as templates to produce several functional forms of RNA. Products. One strand of DNA becomes 2 daughter strands.", "Replication is the duplication of two-strands of DNA. Transcription is the formation of single, identical RNA from the two-stranded DNA. Enzymes. The two strands are separated and then each strand's complementary DNA sequence is recreated by an enzyme called DNA polymerase. Definition. DNA replication is the replication of a strand of DNA into two daughter strands, each daughter strand contains half of the original DNA double helix. Uses the genes as templates to produce several functional forms of RNA. Products. One strand of DNA becomes 2 daughter strands.", "In transcription, or RNA synthesis, the codons of a gene are copied into messenger RNA by RNA polymerase. As opposed to DNA replication, transcription results in an RNA complement that includes uracil (U) in all instances where thymine (T) would have occurred in a DNA complement. Definition. DNA replication is the replication of a strand of DNA into two daughter strands, each daughter strand contains half of the original DNA double helix. Uses the genes as templates to produce several functional forms of RNA. Products. One strand of DNA becomes 2 daughter strands.", "Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied (transcribed) to mRNA, which carries the information needed for protein synthesis. Transcription takes place in two broad steps. First, pre-messenger RNA is formed, with the involvement of RNA polymerase enzymes. Errors occur in DNA replication, when the incorrect base is incorporated into the growing DNA strand. This leads to mismatched base pairs, or mispairs. DNA polymerases have proofreading activity, and a DNA repair enzymes have evolved to correct these mistakes.", "The mechanism of transcription has parallels in that of DNA replication. As with DNA replication, partial unwinding of the double helix must occur before transcription can take place, and it is the RNA polymerase enzymes that catalyze this process. Errors occur in DNA replication, when the incorrect base is incorporated into the growing DNA strand. This leads to mismatched base pairs, or mispairs. DNA polymerases have proofreading activity, and a DNA repair enzymes have evolved to correct these mistakes.", "Transcription. Transcription involves copying DNA into RNA. The portion of the DNA that codes for genes is transcribed, or copied, into messenger RNA, known as mRNA. The first step in the process is the unwinding and separation of the two strands of the DNA helix. DNA Replication. DNA replication is the process of copying the DNA in a cell so that there are two copies. This is done in preparation for cell division, or mitosis. Before a cell divides, the DNA must be copied so that there is a copy for each of the resulting daughter cells.", "The purpose of transcription is to make RNA copies of individual genes that the cell can use in the biochemistry. Definition. DNA replication is the replication of a strand of DNA into two daughter strands, each daughter strand contains half of the original DNA double helix. Uses the genes as templates to produce several functional forms of RNA. Products. One strand of DNA becomes 2 daughter strands.", "Transcription & Translation: Transcription (Basic). Transcription is the process by which the information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) for protein production. Transcription begins with a bundle of factors assembling at the promoter sequence on the DNA (in red). Here, two transcription factors are already bound to the promoter. " ], "url": [ "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Replication_vs_Transcription", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Replication_vs_Transcription", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Replication_vs_Transcription", "http://www.atdbio.com/content/14/Transcription-Translation-and-Replication", "http://www.atdbio.com/content/14/Transcription-Translation-and-Replication", "http://classroom.synonym.com/difference-between-transcription-dna-replication-9038.html", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Replication_vs_Transcription", "https://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/12-transcription-basic.html" ] }

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[ "An oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Colosseum, originally known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, is a large amphitheatre in the city of Rome. The construction of the Colosseum started around 70—72 AD and was finished in 80 AD. Emperor Vespasian started the works, and Emperor Titus completed them. It is the biggest amphitheatre built by the Roman Empire. The Colosseum was first called the Flavian Amphitheatre or in Latin, the Amphitheatrum Flavium. This was after Vespasian and Titus who had the family name of Flavius.", "Roman Colosseum. The Roman Colosseum is the most famous monument to have survived from the classical world. It was built nearly two thousand years ago for the purpose of hosting violent gladiator games. Thousands of men and animals fought for their lives in the sandy arena. ", "The Ultimate Guide. The Colosseum was built of blocks of travertine stone extracted from the quarries of Albulae near Tivoli and brought to Rome by a wide road specially constructed for the purpose. The amphitheater forms an oval 527 meters (1,729) in circumference with diameters of 189 and 156 meters (615 and 510 ft). ", "The Roman Colosseum or Coliseum, originally known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, was commisioned in AD 72 by Emperor Vespasian. It was completed by his son, Titus, in 80, with later improvements by Domitian. The Colosseum is located just east of the Roman Forum and was built to a practical design, with its 80 arched entrances allowing easy access to 55,000 spectators, who were seated according to rank. The Coliseum is huge, an ellipse 188m long and 156 wide.", "The Colosseum. - Colosseum -. - Roman gladiators -. - Arch of Constantine -. - Arch and Colosseum -. The Flavius amphitheatre is the biggest and most imposing in the Roman world, but is also the most famous monument in Rome and is known as the Colosseum or Coliseum . Started by Emperor Vespasian of the Flavia family, it was opened by his son Titus in 80 A.D", "The Colosseum's original Latin name was Amphitheatrum Flavium, often anglicized as Flavian Amphitheater. The building was constructed by emperors of the Flavian dynasty, following the reign of Nero. This name is still used in modern English, but generally the structure is better known as the Colosseum. The Colosseum is generally regarded by Christians as a site of the martyrdom of large numbers of believers during the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire, as evidenced by Church history and tradition.", "It is now a ruin because of earthquakes. The Colosseum is a symbol of the Roman Empire. It is one of Rome's most popular tourist attractions. On Good Fridays, the Pope leads a torch lit Way of the Cross procession around the various levels of the amphitheatre. It is the biggest amphitheatre built by the Roman Empire. The Colosseum was first called the Flavian Amphitheatre or in Latin, the Amphitheatrum Flavium. This was after Vespasian and Titus who had the family name of Flavius.", "The Colosseum or Coliseum (/kɒləˈsiːəm/ kol-ə-SEE-əm), also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium; Italian: Anfiteatro Flavio [amfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo] or Colosseo [kolosˈsɛːo]), is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy. The Colosseum is generally regarded by Christians as a site of the martyrdom of large numbers of believers during the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire, as evidenced by Church history and tradition.", "The Colosseum or Flavian Amphitheatre is a large ellipsoid arena built in the first century CE under the Roman emperors of the Flavian dynasty: Vespasian (69-79 CE), Titus (79-81 CE) and Domitian (81-96 AD). ", "The Colosseum, (the Flavian Amphitheatre) is one of Rome's most famous buildings and enduring monuments to the culture of the ancient Romans. Construction was initiated by the Emperor Vespasian around 72 AD. His son Titus reigned over its completion and the official opening ceremonies, about 8 years later, in 80 AD. " ], "url": [ "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosseum", "http://romancolosseum.org/", "http://romancolosseum.org/roman-colosseum-architecture/", "http://www.rome.info/colosseum/", "http://www.italyguides.it/en/lazio/rome/ancient-rome/colosseum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosseum", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosseum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosseum", "http://www.ancient.eu/Colosseum/", "http://www.unrv.com/culture/colosseum.php" ] }

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[ "Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics, classically studying zeros of multivariate polynomials." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics, classically studying zeros of multivariate polynomials. Modern algebraic geometry is based on the use of abstract algebraic techniques, mainly from commutative algebra, for solving geometrical problems about these sets of zeros. The real algebraic geometry is the study of the real points of the algebraic geometry. The fact that the field of the reals number is an ordered field may not be occulted in such a study. For example, the curve of equation is a circle if, but does not have any real point if.", "algebraic geometry. branch of geometry geometry[Gr.,=earth measuring], branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of and relationships between points, lines, planes, and figures and with generalizations of these concepts...... In algebraic geometry, algebraic manifolds are usually studied to within birational equivalence, and therefore one of the basic problems of algebraic geometry is the construction of birational invariants for algebraic manifolds.", "1 With the rise of the computers, a computational algebraic geometry area has emerged, which lies at the intersection of algebraic geometry and computer algebra. 2 It consists essentially in developing algorithms and software for studying and finding the properties of explicitly given algebraic varieties. The real algebraic geometry is the study of the real points of the algebraic geometry. The fact that the field of the reals number is an ordered field may not be occulted in such a study. For example, the curve of equation is a circle if, but does not have any real point if.", "Algebraic geometry seems to have acquired the reputation of being esoteric, exclusive, and very abstract, with adherents who are secretly plotting to take over all the rest of mathematics. In one respect this last point is accurate. David Mumford. ", "Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics studying polynomial equations. Modern algebraic geometry is based on more abstract techniques of abstract algebra, especially commutative algebra, with the language and the problems of geometry. Algebraic geometry occupies a central place in modern mathematics. The concepts it uses connects it to such diverse fields as complex analysis, topology and number theory. At the start, algebraic geometry was about studying systems of polynomial equations in several variables.", "Algebraic Geometry is a subject with historical roots in analytic geometry. At its most naive level it is concerned with the geometry of the solutions of a system of polynomial equations. ", "Algebraic Geometry. Algebraic geometry is the study of geometries that come from algebra, in particular, from rings. In classical algebraic geometry, the algebra is the ring of polynomials, and the geometry is the set of zeros of polynomials, called an algebraic variety. For instance, the unit circle is the set of zeros of and is an algebraic variety, as are all of the conic sections. The geometry of such a ring is determined by its algebraic structure, in particular its prime ideals. Grothendieck defined schemes as the basic geometric objects, which have the same relationship to the geometry of a ring as a manifold to a coordinate chart.", "In the twentieth century, it was discovered that the basic ideas of classical algebraic geometry can be applied to any commutative ring with a unit, such as the integers. The geometry of such a ring is determined by its algebraic structure, in particular its prime ideals. Grothendieck defined schemes as the basic geometric objects, which have the same relationship to the geometry of a ring as a manifold to a coordinate chart.", "So, mathematicians study algebraic geometry because it is at the core of many subjects, serving as a bridge between seemingly different disciplines: from geometry and topology to complex analysis and number theory. +100. NEW ADDITION: a big list of freely available online courses on algebraic geometry, from introduction to advanced topics, has been compiled in this other answer. And a digression on motivation for studying the subject along with a self-learning guide of books is in this new answer." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_Geometry", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/algebraic+geometry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_Geometry", "http://www.math.byu.edu/~jarvis/alg-geom.html", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_geometry", "http://www.math.tamu.edu/%7EPeter.Stiller/agpage.html", "http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AlgebraicGeometry.html", "http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AlgebraicGeometry.html", "http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/255063/why-study-algebraic-geometry" ] }

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[ "This biome is located in the northern part of the Northern Hemisphere and is in North America, Asia, and Europe.", "Is located in the northern part of the Northern Hemisphere and is in North America, Asia, and Europe" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Location of Deserts. The location of deserts is dependent on two factors, latitude and global wind patterns. Most deserts are located between 15' and 35' latitude, both north and south of the equator. In terms of global wind patterns, most deserts are located within the Southeastern and Northeastern trade winds belt. ", "Location and Land. The taiga is the largest continuous biome in the world. This biome is located in the northern part of the Northern Hemisphere and is in North America, Asia, and Europe. It stretches across Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, and Russia; spreading through the Northern Hemisphere. In North America, there is a type of land called the Canadian Shield. This part of the biome is called the muskeg. The taiga is the largest continuous biome in the world. This biome is located in the northern part of the Northern Hemisphere and is in North America, Asia, and Europe. It stretches across Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, and Russia; spreading through the Northern Hemisphere.", "Health Issues. Location Deciduous biomes are located primarily in the eastern half of the United States, Canada, Europe, parts of Russia, China, and Japan. Climate The average temperature of the forest is about 50 degrees F. The average amount of rainfall in the forest is 30 to 60 inches a year", "Freshwater biomes are very important to life on Earth. They are home to many different species and provide a lot of resources. In this lesson, we will go over what a freshwater biome is, where they are located, and the different plants and animals that inhabit them. Still, freshwater biomes are found all around the world. Lake Victoria in South Central Africa, as well as the Great Lakes of the Midwest U.S. and Canada, are very well known freshwater areas. Lake Baikal in Southern Siberia is the largest freshwater lake in", "T he tundra is located at the top of the world, near the North Pole. This enormous biome, extremely uniform in appearance, covers a fifth of the earth's surface. The most distinctive characteristic of tundra soil is its permafrost, a permanently frozen layer of ground. ", "LOCATION: The marine biome is the biggest biome in the world! It covers about 70% of the earth. It includes five main oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern, as well as many smaller Gulfs and Bays. Marine regions are usually very salty! ", "A biome is a geographical area that is very large in size. Each of these geographical areas has certain groups of animals and plants that are present within it. They are able to thrive there due to their ability to adapt in that particular type of environment. Significant Factors. Two significant factors that determine the climate in any biome where animals live are the temperature and the amount of rainfall. Competition is also something that has to be considered. Sometimes animals can’t thrive in a given location because there are too many other animals.", "Animals of the Tropical Rainforest. Tropical Rainforest Vegetation. Location and Climate of the Tropical Rainforest. Tropical rainforests cover about 6% of the Earth's total land surface. They are mainly located around the belt at the equator. The climate of the rainforest is warm most of the year and has a lot of rain through most of the year. " ], "url": [ "http://study.com/academy/lesson/desert-biomes-facts-climate-locations.html", "http://www.ri.net/schools/West_Warwick/manateeproject/Taiga/land.htm", "http://ths.sps.lane.edu/biomes/deciduous3/deciduous3.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/freshwater-biomes-climate-locations-plants-animals.html", "http://www.mbgnet.net/sets/tundra/where.htm", "http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/biomes/marine.html", "http://www.bioexpedition.com/biomes/", "http://ths.sps.lane.edu/biomes/rain3/rain3.html" ] }

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[ "Minus 234 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 145 degrees Celsius)" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Jupiter is a gaseous planet with a hot core, and there is a large temperature gradient between the planet's surface and its core. Scientists estimate the core temperature of Jupiter to be about 24,000 degrees Celsius (43,000 degrees Fahrenheit), which is hotter than the surface of the sun.", "Jupiter's temperature at night depends on a lot of factors. The latitude and the depth in the atmosphere are the most important. First, there is probably not much difference b … etween daytime and nighttime temperature. The rotational period of Jupiter is about ten hours, so night is only 5 hours long. At the cloud tops, the temperature of Jupiter is thought to be as low as -161° C (112 K). Deeper into the atmosphere, temperatures increase to as high as 36000° near the rocky core. The average temperature of Jupiter is -110C.", "Temperature Range on Jupiter The temperature at the top of Jupiter's clouds is approximately -230oF (-145oC). The temperature increases as you move downward through the clou … ds, and reaches 70oF (21oC) at the point in the atmosphere where its atmospheric pressure is about 10 times that of earth's. At the cloud tops, the temperature of Jupiter is thought to be as low as -161° C (112 K). Deeper into the atmosphere, temperatures increase to as high as 36000° near the rocky core. The average temperature of Jupiter is -110C.", "Average Surface Temperature. Jupiter has a solid core about the size of Earth, but most of the planet is gaseous, and because of this, it doesn't have a well-defined surface. Scientists therefore define the surface as the atmospheric layer in which the pressure is the same as on the surface of the Earth. Scientists estimate the core temperature of Jupiter to be about 24,000 degrees Celsius (43,000 degrees Fahrenheit), which is hotter than the surface of the sun.", "With an average temperature of minus 234 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 145 degrees Celsius), Jupiter is frigid even in its warmest weather. Unlike Earth, whose temperature varies as one moves closer to or farther from the equator, Jupiter's temperature depends more on height above the surface. This is because heat is driven not by the sun but by the interior of the planet. A comparison of the visible, near infrared, and thermal infrared views of Jupiter.", "1 Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun. 2 Its average distance from the sun is around 484 million miles (779 million km), more than five times Earth's distance. 3 The gas giant is the largest planet in the solar system with a diameter of around 89,000 miles (143,000 km). The temperature in Jupiter's upper atmosphere is around -145C (-230F). Deeper below the clouds the temperate reaches 21C (70F). Near the planet's center the temperature is around six times hotter than the surface of the Sun! Jupiter has 62 moons, 16 of which have a diameter of at least 6 miles.", "Heating sources. Because Jupiter's distance from the sun is an average of 484 million miles (778 million km), heat from the star is weak, though it does contribute. Much of the heating of the gases come from the inside of planet itself. Unlike Earth, whose temperature varies as one moves closer to or farther from the equator, Jupiter's temperature depends more on height above the surface. This is because heat is driven not by the sun but by the interior of the planet. A comparison of the visible, near infrared, and thermal infrared views of Jupiter.", "Jupiter's day is about 10 hours. This rotation causes a polar flattening. The temperature ranges from about -190 degrees Fahrenheit or -128 degrees Celsius for the visible surface of the atmosphere, to 9 F (-13 C) at lower cloud levels. Jupiter's orbit is beyond the asteroid belt about 484 million miles or 778 million kilometers from the sun. It orbits the sun every 12 years. In order from the sun it is the first of the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune).", "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun and largest planet of the solar system. Jupiter's orbit is beyond the asteroid belt about 484 million miles or 778 million kilometers from the sun. It orbits the sun every 12 years. In order from the sun it is the first of the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune).", "Jupiter is known for its stripes and large red spot. Image Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona View Larger Image → Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. It is approximately 143,000 kilometers (about 89,000 miles) wide at its equator. Jupiter's orbit is elliptical, or oval-shaped. It takes 12 Earth years for Jupiter to make one revolution around the sun, so a year on Jupiter is equal to 12 years on Earth. Words to Know: Astronomical unit (AU): the average distance from the sun to Earth -- about 149 million kilometers (93 million miles)." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/about_4569765_what-average-temperature-jupiter.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_temperature_of_Jupiter", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_temperature_of_Jupiter", "http://www.ehow.com/about_4569765_what-average-temperature-jupiter.html", "http://www.space.com/18391-jupiter-temperature.html", "http://www.solarsystemquick.com/jupiter.htm", "http://www.space.com/18391-jupiter-temperature.html", "http://mcwdn.org/SPACE/Jupiter.html", "http://mcwdn.org/SPACE/Jupiter.html", "http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/what-is-jupiter-58_prt.htm" ] }

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[ "A variety of the mineral gypsum, which has a chemical formula of calcium sulfate dihydrate." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Selenite cluster from Naica mine, Chihuahua, Mexico. Selenite, satin spar, desert rose, and gypsum flower are four varieties of the mineral gypsum; all four varieties show obvious crystalline structure. The four crystalline varieties of gypsum are sometimes grouped together and called selenite. Gypsum crystals can be transparent (most often selenite), translucent (most often satin spar but also selenite and gypsum flowers), and opaque (most often the rosettes and flowers).", "Sodium selenite is the inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 SeO 3. This salt is a colourless solid. The pentahydrate Na 2 SeO 3 (H 2 O) 5 is the most common water-soluble selenium compound. ", "A lovely but less common color is the Green Selenite, which is very unusual, and mainly comes from Australia. They occur as clusters of crystals and they are very fragile. They are fine needle-like green crystals, with some white and brown color towards the base of them. Selenite has been found in a large number of locations, including Mexico, Russia, Morocco, Greece, Poland, Germany, France, England, Australia and the USA. Its color may be pure white, transparent, orange, peach, grey-blue, green, brown and bright golden yellow, like the cluster shown in the image above.", "The etymology of selenite is through Middle English selinete, from Latin selenites, from Greek selēnitēs (lithos), literally, moonstone or stone of the moon, from selēnē (Moon). The ancients had a belief that certain transparent crystals waxed and waned with the moon. Gypsum crystals can be transparent (most often selenite), translucent (most often satin spar but also selenite and gypsum flowers), and opaque (most often the rosettes and flowers).", "About Selenite. Selenite is a variety of Gypsum, a common mineral found in sedimentary rocks. It is formed through the evaporation of salt water from ancient seas. Its essence as salt resonates with our own salt water bodies in the most primal fashion. Selenite has a pearl like luster and has been described as having a moon like glow. Selenite is direct from nature to you, created by the natural energies of the planet-to be used as a powerful tool for holistic living, wellness and healing. Selenite Healing Wand. Selenite wands can be used to transform the entire aura, or they can be used on a specific area of the body, or on a particular chakra.", "Selenite is also a stone of truth and honesty. This promotes good business practices as well as honesty in other types of relationships. Selenite is associated with the moon it is named for. This brings associations and energies of the unconscious, instinct, subconscious, and emotional well-being. Though Selenite is associated with the moon, it is also a sweet angel stone. It is used for contacting and communicating with angels for guidance. It can also be used for finding and working with other spirit guides.", "Selenite crystals work to help you to bring light down from the higher realms into the physical body, to create personal transformation. The white or transparent crystals have a strong vibration that may open the crown chakra and the soul star chakra. Selenite has been found in a large number of locations, including Mexico, Russia, Morocco, Greece, Poland, Germany, France, England, Australia and the USA. Its color may be pure white, transparent, orange, peach, grey-blue, green, brown and bright golden yellow, like the cluster shown in the image above.", "Selenite is a variety of the mineral gypsum, which has a chemical formula of calcium sulfate dihydrate. The dihydrate part of that formula indicates that each unit has two molecules of water attached to it. ", "I absolutely love Selenite crystals. It’s a form of gypsum crystal that I refer to as liquid light. Interestingly, gypsum occurs on every continent in the world, and is the most common of all the sulfate minerals. Selenite crystals are white in color, and have many healing and mystical properties. It is named after the Greek goddess of the moon, Selene" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenite_(mineral)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_selenite", "http://www.healing-crystals-for-you.com/selenite-crystals.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenite_(mineral)", "https://www.biomathealth.com/selenite.html", "http://meanings.crystalsandjewelry.com/selenite", "http://www.healing-crystals-for-you.com/selenite-crystals.html", "http://earthandstars.org/articles/terra/selenite/", "http://www.energymuse.com/blog/selenite-crystals-healing-properties/" ] }

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[ "1 Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels. 2 They connect to the arteries and the veins. 3 Capillaries are extremely small tubes that average 6 to 8 micron in size; they are too small to see without a microscope.xygen rich blood is pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart into the aorta, which is the largest artery in the body." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In the circulatory system, veins (from the Latin vena) are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart. In contrast to veins, arteries carry blood away from the heart. Veins are less muscular than arteries and are often closer to the skin. There are valves in most veins to prevent backflow.", "1 Venules are similar to arterioles as they are small vessels that connect capillaries, but unlike arterioles, venules connect to veins instead of arteries. 2 Venules pick up blood from many capillaries and deposit it into larger veins for transport back to the heart. There are three major types of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries and veins. Blood vessels are often named after either the region of the body through which they carry blood or for nearby structures. For example, the brachiocephalic artery carries blood into the brachial (arm) and cephalic (head) regions.", "Veins can be classified as pulmonary veins and systemic veins. The pulmonary veins are a set of veins that deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart and the Systemic veins drain the tissues of the body and deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart.", "Arteries carry oxygenated blood (with the exception of the pulmonary artery and umbilical artery). Veins carry deoxygenated blood (with the exception of pulmonary veins and umbilical vein). The pulmonary veins are a set of veins that deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart and the Systemic veins drain the tissues of the body and deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart.", "Veins. The veins also are major blood vessels connected to your heart. 1 The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart so it can be pumped to the body. 2 The superior and inferior vena cavae are large veins that carry oxygen-poor blood from the body back to the heart. The arteries are major blood vessels connected to your heart. 1 The pulmonary artery carries blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to pick up a fresh supply of oxygen. 2 The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the left side of the heart", "There are two types of blood vessels: arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood under high pressure out to all areas of the body after being pumped by the heart. Veins carry blood that should be under low pressure, on its way back to the heart. An artery does not usually connect directly to a vein. Usually there are very small blood vessels called capillaries that connect an artery to a vein.. Source(s): http://www.hht.org/web/what_is_hht/overv... Here the blood in the capillaries gives oxygen to the cells and picks up the waste gas, carbon dioxide, from the cells. The capillaries are connected to the smallest veins in the body. The veins get bigger and bigger as they carry the blood back towards the heart. The blood passes through the right side of the heart and goes to the lungs where it gets rid of carbon dioxide and picks up more oxygen", "There are two types of blood vessels in the circulatory system of the body: arteries that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to various parts of the body and veins that carry blood towards the heart for purification. The pulmonary veins are a set of veins that deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart and the Systemic veins drain the tissues of the body and deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart.", "1 Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels. 2 They connect to the arteries and the veins. 3 Capillaries are extremely small tubes that average 6 to 8 micron in size; they are too small to see without a microscope. Oxygen rich blood is pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart into the aorta, which is the largest artery in the body. The oxygen rich blood travels through the aorta into smaller arteries. The capillaries sit between the arteries and the veins, connecting the two together and acting as an exchange stop.", "The Circulatory System. Veins, arteries and capillaries are the three types of blood vessels in the circulatory system. The blood vessels carry blood, which contains antibodies, nutrients, oxygen, electrolytes and hormones, throughout the body to be used by the organs. Oxygen rich blood is pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart into the aorta, which is the largest artery in the body. The oxygen rich blood travels through the aorta into smaller arteries. The capillaries sit between the arteries and the veins, connecting the two together and acting as an exchange stop." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein", "http://www.innerbody.com/image/cardov.html", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Arteries_vs_Veins", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Arteries_vs_Veins", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/heartmurmur/heartworks", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070321003520AAVjxvK", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Arteries_vs_Veins", "http://www.brighthubeducation.com/science-homework-help/123202-about-the-circulatory-system-arteries-veins-and-capillaries/", "http://www.brighthubeducation.com/science-homework-help/123202-about-the-circulatory-system-arteries-veins-and-capillaries/" ] }

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[ "Walnut oil was one of the most important oils used by Renaissance painters. Its short drying time and lack of yellow tint make it a good oil paint base thinner and brush cleaner." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Walnut oil was one of the most important oils used by Renaissance painters. Its short drying time and lack of yellow tint make it a good oil paint base thinner and brush cleaner. It is light-coloured and delicate in flavour and scent, with a nutty quality. Although chefs sometimes use walnut oil for pan frying, most avoid walnut oil for high temperature cooking; heating tends to reduce the oil's flavour & nutritive value and to produce a slight bitterness.", "Black Walnut has been used in herbal medicine for thousands of years. It has been used throughout history for treatment of intestinal problems, snakebites, open wounds, ulcers, scurvy, and as one of the most effective laxatives available. It is known to be a gentle and effective laxative. Black walnut is known as an effective anti-viral and is used to fix warts, which are caused by viruses. Black walnut is an anti-fungus and has been used to fight herpes, cold sores, athlete’s foot, and Candida.", "For this reason, some historians speak of a series of renaissances in Europe. This is why you may have heard people use the terms Italian Renaissance, French Renaissance and English Renaissance, instead of speaking of a general European Renaissance. The European Renaissance began in Northern Italy in the 14th century. The Tuscan city of Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance. Gradually, the movement spread from Italy to other parts of Europe.", "In the 15th century, egg began to be replaced by walnut or linseed oil as media. These dried more slowly than tempera and created a paint that was more versatile. The use of oils and canvas supports permitted paintings to be used for a wider variety of situations, and subject matter broadened accordingly. Tintoretto was probably the last great painter of the Italian Renaissance and one of the greatest painters of the Venetian School. His dramatic use of perspective space and special lighting effects made him a precursor of Baroque art.", "Introduction. The Renaissance is a peculiar period in history—not in that the time itself was odd, but in that how historians came to define it as a distinct era is unusual. It began as an era defined by an Italian writer in the 16th century, who applied it only to Italian painters and sculptors.", "1 The tannins in Black Walnut Hull (and leaves) possess an astringent quality that is thought to shrink the sweat glands and reduce excessive sweating. 2 The herb is said to help control menorrhagia, the excessive loss of blood during periods. 3 It is also used to control diarrhea. It is known to be a gentle and effective laxative. Black walnut is known as an effective anti-viral and is used to fix warts, which are caused by viruses. Black walnut is an anti-fungus and has been used to fight herpes, cold sores, athlete’s foot, and Candida.", "The Renaissance is a period in the history of Europe beginning in about 1400, and following the Medieval period. Renaissance is a French word meaning rebirth. The Renaissance was seen as a rebirth of that learning. The Renaissance is often said to be the start of the modern age. During the Renaissance, there were many famous artists, many writers and many philosophers. Many people studied mathematics and different sciences.", "Oil painting was among the main relevant advances in art made during the Renaissance. This new medium is documented already in the 11th century, but were the Northern Renaissance painters, among which Jan van Eyck, that at the beginning of the fifteenth century made wide use of it and spread its use in Europe. Jan Van Eyck’s work represented the way to build paintings in the classical manner. Tintoretto was probably the last great painter of the Italian Renaissance and one of the greatest painters of the Venetian School. His dramatic use of perspective space and special lighting effects made him a precursor of Baroque art.", "The Renaissance (UK /rɨˈneɪsəns/ , US /ˈrɛnɨsɑːns/) is a period in Europe, from the 14th to the 17th century, considered the bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. The Renaissance's intellectual basis was humanism, derived from the rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy, such as that of Protagoras, who said, that Man is the measure of all things.. This new thinking became manifest in art, architecture, politics, science and literature.", "The Renaissance was a time of great social and cultural change in Europe. It was a period characterised by innovation, imagination and creativity. The Renaissance was also a time during which Europe's classical past was revisited and reinvigorated. The European Renaissance began in Northern Italy in the 14th century. The Tuscan city of Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance. Gradually, the movement spread from Italy to other parts of Europe." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut_oil", "http://wellnessmama.com/257/black-walnut-hull-herb-profile/", "http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-56_u-422_t-1105_c-4271/wa/sose-history/renaissance-and-reformation/renaissance-in-europe/introduction-what-was-the-renaissance-", "http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/intro/renaissance.html", "http://europeanhistory.boisestate.edu/latemiddleages/renaissance/historyren.shtml", "http://wellnessmama.com/257/black-walnut-hull-herb-profile/", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance", "http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/intro/renaissance.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renissance", "http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-56_u-422_t-1105_c-4271/wa/sose-history/renaissance-and-reformation/renaissance-in-europe/introduction-what-was-the-renaissance-" ] }

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[ "Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is only one of a number of bacteria that can be resistant to lots of different antibiotics.Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relatively common finding in long-standing ear disease and some wounds." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Pseudomonas infections are diseases caused by a bacterium from the genus Pseudomonas. The bacteria are found widely in the environment, such as in soil, water, and plants. They usually do not cause infection in healthy people. If an infection does occur in a healthy person, it is generally mild. Pseudomonas infections are caused by a free-living bacterium from the genus Pseudomonas. Pseudomonas are gram-negative bacteria. They are found widely in soil and water. They favor moist areas. Only a few of the many species cause disease. The most common species that causes infection is called Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of staph bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics called beta-lactams. These antibiotics include methicillin and other more common antibiotics such as oxacillin, penicillin, and amoxicillin. In the community, most MRSA infections are skin infections. Acinetobacter [asz−in−ee−ée–toe−back] ter is a group of bacteria commonly found in soil and. Water outbreaks Of acinetobacter infections typically occur in intensive care units and healthcare settings housing very ill. patients", "Serious Pseudomonas infections usually occur in people in the hospital and/or with weakened immune systems. Infections of the blood, pneumonia, and infections following surgery can lead to severe illness and death in these people. However, healthy people can also develop mild illnesses with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, especially after exposure to water. In hospitals, where the most serious infections occur, Pseudomonas can be spread on the hands of healthcare workers or by equipment that gets contaminated and is not properly cleaned.", "1 Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is only one of a number of bacteria that can be resistant to lots of different antibiotics. 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relatively common finding in long-standing ear disease and some wounds. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium that is able to colonize many natural and manmade environments. It is commonly found in soil and water but can also be found on animal surfaces.", "Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common Gram-negative bacterium that can cause disease in plants and animals, including humans. It is citrate, catalase, and oxidase positive. It is found in soil, water, skin flora, and most man-made environments throughout the world. ", "Pseudomonas infection is caused by strains of bacteria found widely in the environment; the most common type causing infections in humans is called Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For more images of this bacterium, search the Public Health Image Library. In hospitals, where the most serious infections occur, Pseudomonas can be spread on the hands of healthcare workers or by equipment that gets contaminated and is not properly cleaned.", "Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas infection is caused by strains of bacteria found widely in the environment; the most common type causing infections in humans is called Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Serious Pseudomonas infections usually occur in people in the hospital and/or with weakened immune systems. Acinetobacter [asz−in−ee−ée–toe−back] ter is a group of bacteria commonly found in soil and. Water outbreaks Of acinetobacter infections typically occur in intensive care units and healthcare settings housing very ill. patients", "A. A pseudomonas infection is caused by a very common type of bacteria called Pseudomonas aeruginosa (say soo-duh-MOH-nuss ay-roo-jee-NOH-suh). Healthy people often carry these bacteria around without knowing it and without having any problems. Topic Overview. A pseudomonas infection is caused by a very common type of bacteria called Pseudomonas aeruginosa (say soo-duh-MOH-nuss ay-roo-jee-NOH-suh)." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/health/pseudomonas-infections", "http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/organisms/organisms.html", "http://www.cdc.gov/hai/organisms/pseudomonas.html", "http://www.thebellamossfoundation.com/pet-carers/treatment/bugs-explained/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_aeruginosa", "http://www.cdc.gov/hai/organisms/pseudomonas.html", "http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/organisms/organisms.html", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/pseudomonas-infection-topic-overview" ] }

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[ "Son of Cad and companion." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "You can rustle up an Irish origin for Caden, but this name's popularity is about pure sound. You simply cannot get a more fashionable set of phonemes, and the nickname Cade is a winner too. But an entire classroom of rhyming boys is a real risk here. Caden, meet Hayden, Aidan, Jadon, and Braeden.... Personal experiences with the name Cayden: | Edit. My new grandson is Cayden. It is a very popular name and I think there will be a few others with the same name in his class as he grows up.", "Cayden Name Meaning. The meaning of Cayden is “Companion; fighter”. Keep in mind that many names may have different meanings in other countries and languages, so be careful that the name that you choose doesn’t mean something bad or unpleasant. Also note the spelling and the pronunciation of the name Cayden and check the initials of the name with your last name to discover how it looks and sounds. The history and meaning of the name Cayden is fascinating, learn more about it.", "Shown below is a comparison of the popularity of the boy name Cayden and corresponding names. Prominent variation forms of Cayden (#197 in 2014) are Caden (#198 in 2014) , Caiden (#272) , Kaden (#171) , Kadin, Kadyn, Kaeden (#896) , Kaiden (#124) and Kayden (#90) . Variants like Kadan are seldom used. Cayden is an equally unusual surname for all people. (2000 U.S. Census). Shown below is the birth name popularity of Cayden for boys. Cayden entered the list in 1999 and reached its apex rank of #143 in the U.S. in the year 2009, and is at #197 presently.", "Search comprehensively and find the name meaning of Cayden and its name origin or of any other name in our database. Also note the spelling and the pronunciation of the name Cayden and check the initials of the name with your last name to discover how it looks and sounds. The history and meaning of the name Cayden is fascinating, learn more about it.", "Cayden is used predominantly in English. It is derived from Old English and Celtic origins. Cayden is a variation of the name Cade (English). Cayden is also a variation of the name Caden (English). Cayden is popular as a baby boy name, and it is also perceived as fairly trendy. The name's popularity has been increasing since the 1990s; before that, it was of infrequent use only", "The name Caden is a baby boy name. The name Caden comes from the Welsh origin. In Welsh The meaning of the name Caden is: Spirit of battle. See also Kade.", "Cayden's roots are Scottish and Arabic, and the meaning of the name Cayden is son of Cad n; companion. Cayden is an alternate spelling of Caden (Scottish): from the Scottish last name McCadden. Cayden is also a variation of Kaden (Arabic). Kreatif forms: Cayde, Clyden, Coden. Cayden is an equally unusual surname for all people. (2000 U.S. Census). Shown below is the birth name popularity of Cayden for boys. Cayden entered the list in 1999 and reached its apex rank of #143 in the U.S. in the year 2009, and is at #197 presently.", "Cayden is generally used as a boy's name. It consists of 6 letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Cay-den. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 197 in baby name popularity for boys with 2037 occurrences. It ranked 2561 in popular baby names for girls with 68 occurrences. View the Cayden Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Cayden has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Cayden to other names. Cayden is a variant spelling of Caiden.", "Caden /ca-den/ [2 sylls.] as a boys' name is pronounced KAY-den. It is of Scottish origin, and the meaning of Caden is son of Cad n. From the Scottish surname McCadden. Also used as a variant of Cade, in which case it is used as a fashionable modern coinage similar to names like Aidan, Braden and Hayden. ", "What does Cayden mean, popularity, numerology and more. The name Cayden is of American origin. The meaning of Cayden is fighter. It is also of Scottish origin, where its meaning is spirit of battle. View the Cayden Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Cayden has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Cayden to other names. Cayden is a variant spelling of Caiden." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/cayden", "http://www.thenamemeaning.com/cayden/", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Cayden", "http://www.thenamemeaning.com/cayden/", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Cayden", "http://babynames.allparenting.com/list/Welsh_Baby_Names/Caden/details/", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Cayden", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Cayden.html", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Caden", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Cayden.html" ] }

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[ "Bat wings are made of two thin layers of skin stretched over the bat's arm and fingers.", "Bat wings affords the potential to adjust membrane deformations in several ways. The boundary of the membrane is set by the articulated wing skeleton, which dictates membrane position and orientation." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The order Chiroptera, comprising all bats, has evolved the unique mammalian adaptation of flight. Bat wings are modified tetrapod forelimbs. Because bats are mammals, the skeletal structures in their wings are morphologically homologous to the skeletal components found in other tetrapod forelimbs. Through adaptive evolution these structures in bats have undergone dramatic morphological changes.", "Bat wings are made of two thin layers of skin stretched over the bat's arm and fingers. Bats have a thumb and four fingers, just like people (sorry, you can only see 3 of the fingers in my photo -- it's tough to get a bat to pose!). The bat's fingers are very long compared to its body. Bat wings go all the way down the side of the bat's body and partway down its legs. When bats fly, they don't just flap up and down. If you watch them closely, it almost looks like they're pulling themselves through the air -- the movement is similar to the butterfly stroke in swimming.", "Bat wings are not merely skin and bone. They are much more complex than they first appear at a quick glance. First and foremost they do consist of bone which is strong somew … hat willowy, giving them both the ability to hang on to object such as trees and their mother as well a be air born. The decorative Bat Costume can be acquired in the Ancient Ruins of Shark Tooth Island, the Vampire costumes and bat followers from the Poptopica Store*, and the non-bat Glider … Wings are at Leonardo Da Vinci's shop (1516 AD) on Time Tangled island.", "Twitter. The wings of bats are their most distinctive -- and perhaps most remarkable -- feature. They give the order Chiroptera its name (literally, hand-wing), and functional wings and true flight are characteristics of all bats. The origin of bat wings is most clearly revealed by their skeleton. Every element of that skeleton is clearly homologous with structures in the forelimbs of other mammals, and there is no question that bat wings evolved as a result of modifications to the forelimbs of their ancestors. The wing membrane is an extension of the skin of the body. It is made up of external epidermis and an internal layer of dermis, which contains blood vessels (easily seen in a live bat when the wing is stretched in front of a light) and muscles. These muscles control the curvature of the wing in flight.", "By building a robotic bat wing, Brown researchers have uncovered flight secrets of real bats: the function of ligaments, the elasticity of skin, the structural support of musculature, skeletal flexibility, upstroke, downstroke. [Brown University] — Researchers at Brown University have developed a robotic bat wing that is providing valuable new information about dynamics of flapping flight in real bats.", "To draw a skull with bat wings, simply draw a skull with the eye and nose holes. Then draw huge bat wings on the sides of the skull, where the ears would be. The decorative Bat Costume can be acquired in the Ancient Ruins of Shark Tooth Island, the Vampire costumes and bat followers from the Poptopica Store*, and the non-bat Glider … Wings are at Leonardo Da Vinci's shop (1516 AD) on Time Tangled island.", "Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera (/kaɪˈrɒptərə/ ; from the Greek χείρ - cheir, hand and πτερόν - pteron, wing) whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. The smallest bat is the Kitti's hog-nosed bat, measuring 29–34 mm (1.14–1.34 in) in length, 15 cm (5.91 in) across the wings and 2–2.6 g (0.07–0.09 oz) in mass. It is also arguably the smallest extant species of mammal, with the Etruscan shrew being the other contender.", "Unlike flapping birds and insects, bats possess membrane wings that are more similar to many gliding mammals. The vast majority of the wing is composed of a thin compliant skin membrane stretched between the limbs, hand, and body. The musculoskeletal system of bat wings affords the potential to adjust membrane deformations in several ways. The boundary of the membrane is set by the articulated wing skeleton, which dictates membrane position and orientation.", "If you look closely at a bat's wings, you can see the resemblance. The illustration above shows the bone structure in a bat's wing, a bird's wing and a human arm. The bird's wing has a fairly rigid bone structure, and the main flying muscles move the bones at the point where the wing connects to the body. A bat has a much more flexible wing structure. It is very much like a human arm and hand, except it has a thin membrane of skin (called the patagium) extending between the hand and the body, and between each finger bone." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat_wing_development", "http://kidzone.ws/animals/bats/facts2.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_a_bat_wing", "http://animaldiversity.org/collections/mammal_anatomy/bat_wings/", "https://news.brown.edu/articles/2013/02/robobat", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_a_bat_wing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat_wing", "http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-3190/9/2/025007/article", "http://animals.howstuffworks.com/mammals/bat1.htm" ] }

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[ "C fibers are one class of nerve fiber found in the nerves of the somatic sensory system. They are afferent fibers, conveying input signals from the periphery to the central nervous system." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The word fiber is misleading, because many types of dietary fibers are not fibers at all. There are two broad types of fiber, soluble and insoluble. 1 Soluble fiber dissolves in water. 2 It changes as it goes through the digestive tract, where it is fermented by bacteria. 3 As it absorbs water it becomes gelatinous. 4 Insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water.", "When you have a, the pain you feel is in the blood vessels that supply blood to the brain, and not in the neurons that make up the brain itself. When these blood vessels contract or dilate in abnormal ways, the pain receptors in their walls are translated into pain impulses, which are then perceived by your brain. In relative terms, A delta fibres carry messages at the speed of a messenger on a bicycle, while C fibres carry them at the speed of a messenger on foot. C fibres are estimated to account for about 70% of all nociceptive fibres. These two components of pain take different types of pathways to reach the brain: .", "Group C nerve fibers are one of three classes of nerve fiber in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The C group fibers are unmyelinated and have a small diameter and low conduction velocity. They include Postganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and nerve fibers at the dorsal roots (IV fiber). These fibers carry sensory information. Damage or injury to nerve fibers causes neuropathic pain. Capsaicin activates C fibers Vanilloid receptors, giving chili peppers a hot sensation.", "1 The unmyelinated pain fibers belong to the class of afferent fibers called the C fibers and conduct from about 0.5 to 2.0 meters/second. A C fiber can respond to a broad range of painful stimuli, including mechanical, thermal or metabolic factors. The pain produced is slow, burning, and long lasting. The neurotranmitter in the dorsal horn is glutamate along with certain peptides such as substance P.", "Pain Afferents. Pain afferents can be myelinated or unmyelinated. 1 The unmyelinated pain fibers belong to the class of afferent fibers called the C fibers and conduct from about 0.5 to 2.0 meters/second. A C fiber can respond to a broad range of painful stimuli, including mechanical, thermal or metabolic factors. The pain produced is slow, burning, and long lasting. The neurotranmitter in the dorsal horn is glutamate along with certain peptides such as substance P.", "In contrast with A and B fibers, C fibers have the smallest diameter (.4mm to 1.3mm), conduction (.5-2.3m/sec) and are unmyelinated. The two types of C fibers are Dorsal root and Sympathetic. 1. Dorsal root fibers serve the modality of pain, warm and cold temperature, and touch. 2. The sympathetic type involves postganglionic sympathetic fibers. The pain produced by C fibers is characterizized as dull, often poorly localized and slower onset.", "Dietary fiber or roughage is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants. It has two main components: 1 Soluble fiber, which dissolves in water, is readily fermented in the colon into gases and physiologically active byproducts, and can be prebiotic and viscous. Dietary fibers can act by changing the nature of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract and by changing how other nutrients and chemicals are absorbed. Some types of soluble fiber absorb water to become a gelatinous, viscous substance which is fermented by bacteria in the digestive tract.", "C fibers. Unmyelinated fibers, 0.4-1.2 mcm in diameter, conducting nerve impulses at a velocity of 0.7-2.3 m/sec. Synonym(s): C fibres.", "Location [edit]. C fibers are one class of nerve fiber found in the nerves of the somatic sensory system. They are afferent fibers, conveying input signals from the periphery to the central nervous system. They include Postganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and nerve fibers at the dorsal roots (IV fiber). These fibers carry sensory information. Damage or injury to nerve fibers causes neuropathic pain. Capsaicin activates C fibers Vanilloid receptors, giving chili peppers a hot sensation." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/146935.php", "http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_03/d_03_cl/d_03_cl_dou/d_03_cl_dou.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_C_nerve_fiber", "http://courses.washington.edu/conj/sensory/pain.htm", "http://courses.washington.edu/conj/sensory/pain.htm", "http://anesthesia.slu.edu/pdf/keywords/C%20Fiber%20Stimulation%20(Complete).pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_fiber", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/C+fibers", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_C_nerve_fiber" ] }

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[ "30-60 minutes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Another way to cook stuffed pork chops is grilling. Grilling stuffed pork chops is a fun way to prepare your food. On top of all, it will only take you 40-60 minutes from preparation until serving the dish. However, baking or grilling stuffed pork chops at 350 degrees will take you 30-60 minutes to bake. Baking and grilling stuffed pork chops will you save you time from cooking without sacrificing its flavor.", "Check the internal temperature of the baked stuffed pork chops. After 30 minutes, check the internal temperature of the stuffed pork chops. Check the meat right next to the stuffing, sorta in the middle of the pork chops. Pork is safe to eat at 150 degrees F, so that is what I recommend cooking your pork chop to. 5. Bake the pork chops at 400 degrees F. Once the oven is up to heat, put the pork chops in the oven on the middle rack. Set the timer for 30 minutes. But really, time will not be the measure of when these stuffed pork chops are done.", "Stuff pockets of pork chops with stuffing. Flour ... Place chops in baking dish and cover. Bake at 350 degrees for 35 to 45 minutes. 2. BAKED STUFFED PORK CHOPS. Heat oven to ... thoroughly moistened. Fill pork chops with prepared stuffing. ... wooden picks. Place stuffed chops flat side ... tightly with foil. Bake in moderate oven ... spiced applesauce. 8 servings.", "1 Stuff each pork chop with stuffing mix. 2 Place chops in a cooking dish and then pour mushroom soup over top. 3 Bake for about 45 minutes or until chops are cooked all the way through. ", "Saute sauté the chops in about -2 3 tablespoons of butter until each side is slightly.(brown-4) 5. Minutes once, finished remove the tooth picks and place in a dish and if there is any excess, breading put it in with the. Chops pre heat the oven to 350. degrees make your desired. sauce Saute sauté the chops in about -2 3 tablespoons of butter until each side is slightly.(brown-4) 5. Minutes once, finished remove the tooth picks and place in a dish and if there is any excess, breading put it in with the. chops", "3. Place the stuffy pork chops on the baking sheet or baking dish. 4. Bake the pork chops. Put the meat inside the oven uncovered and then leave it for about 30-60 minutes. After 30 minutes, get a meat thermometer and insert it in the meat. However, baking or grilling stuffed pork chops at 350 degrees will take you 30-60 minutes to bake. Baking and grilling stuffed pork chops will you save you time from cooking without sacrificing its flavor.", "Heat 1 tablespoon oil in large saucepan over medium heat. Add garlic; cook, stirring occasionally, 1 minute. Add spinach, 1/4 teaspoon salt, 1/8 teaspoon pepper and the Italian seasoning; cook, stirring, just until spinach is wilted, about 2 minutes. Remove the spinach mixture to a medium-size bowl; let cool completely. Preheat oven to 375 degree F. Heat remaining 1 tablespoon oil in large skillet. Add chops; cook 2 minutes per side or until browned. Place chops in single layer in a baking dish just large enough to hold them. Sprinkle with remaining 1/4 teaspoon salt and 1/8 teaspoon pepper. Bake the chops in the oven for 15 minutes or until the internal temperature registers 155 degrees on an instant-read thermometer when inserted in the pork", "First off, you will want to slice pockets into the chops toward but not quite touching the bone. Fill pork chops with desired amount of stuffing and place a tooth pick in each chop to hold it shut. Saute sauté the chops in about -2 3 tablespoons of butter until each side is slightly.(brown-4) 5. minutes Saute sauté the chops in about -2 3 tablespoons of butter until each side is slightly.(brown-4) 5. Minutes once, finished remove the tooth picks and place in a dish and if there is any excess, breading put it in with the. chops", "The amount of timed consumed in cooking stuffed pork chops depends on the method of cooking. However, baking or grilling stuffed pork chops at 350 degrees will take you 30-60 minutes to bake. Baking and grilling stuffed pork chops will you save you time from cooking without sacrificing its flavor. Also, this allows you to serve it up for a homey, cozy, and flavorful dinner without doing plenty of kitchen work" ], "url": [ "http://franticfoodie.com/how-long-to-cook-stuffed-pork-chops/", "http://www.howtocookmeat.com/recipes/pork/how-to-bake-stuffed-pork-chops.htm", "http://www.cooks.com/rec/search/0,1-0,baked_stuffed_porkchops,FF.html", "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/21859/stuffed-pork-chops-ii/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080528153039AAQJET0", "http://franticfoodie.com/how-long-to-cook-stuffed-pork-chops/", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/stuffed-pork-chops-recipe1.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080528153039AAQJET0", "http://franticfoodie.com/how-long-to-cook-stuffed-pork-chops/" ] }

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[ "130° - 135° F." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Grill this steak over a medium high heat for about 5 to 6 minutes per side (depending on your grill). If you are grilling for a large group of people this is the best level of doneness that pleases most people. Steak-Medium Well. Internal Temperature - 65 to 69 degrees celcius.", "The beef cooking temperature for most cuts of steak is 145-degrees Fahrenheit for medium-rare, 160-degrees for medium and 170-degrees for well-done. A trick that many chefs use to tell the level of doneness for their steaks is by touching the meat and observing how firm it feels compared to their own hand.", "Internal Temp 140 F, 60 o C Medium Rare Approx. Internal Temp 145 o F, 63 o C Medium Approx. Internal Temp 160 o F, 71 o C o Medium Well Approx. Internal Temp 170 F, 77 o C Well Done Approx. Internal Temp 180 F, 82 o C Before cooking your steaks, you should bring a thawed steak to room temperature.", "Internal Temperature - 55 to 60 degrees celcius. A medium rare steak should be warm through the middle with a hint of red. Most of the center of the steak should be pink. The sides should be well browned, with the top and bottom charred to a dark brown color.", "So, if you want your steak medium rare, take it out of the oven, or off the grill or skillet when its' internal temperature is 140 degrees. Don't forget this or your meat may well be more done than you wanted!Allow it to stand for 10 minutes, and dig in! The steak should be ideally cooked for medium rare then at 145 !", "Marinated Grilled Steak. The proper temperature to cook a medium-rare steak is 130° - 135° F. Although, according to foodsafety.gov, beef, lamb, and pork should be cooked to at least 145° (or above, if desired). Ground meat must be cooked to at least 160° F. Ground poultry must be cooked to at least 165°.", "Internal Temperature 130 to 135 degrees F. (55 to 57 degrees C.). A medium rare steak should be warm through the middle with a hint of red. Most of the center of the steak should be pink. The sides should be well browned, the top and bottom caramelized to a dark brown color with good grill marks." ], "url": [ "http://www.topcut.com.au/Documents.asp?ID=68", "http://howtocookasteak.com/beef-cooking-temperature/", "http://www.littlefieldranch.com/template/img/SteakCookingGuide.pdf", "http://www.topcut.com.au/Documents.asp?ID=68", "http://www.askthemeatman.com/steaks_med_rare_updated_9300.htm", "http://southernfood.about.com/od/foodsafety/fl/Meat-and-Poultry-Temperature-Chart.htm", "http://bbq.about.com/od/steaks/ss/aa101606a.htm" ] }

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[ "Gnocchi - (Italian) a small dumpling made of potato or flour or semolina that is boiled or baked and is usually served with a sauce or with grated cheese." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Connoisseurs of fine Italian food know that gnocchi is a small dumpling. In fact, the word in Italian means lump. This dumpling is most often made with potatoes, though it can also be made from flour, squash, cheese or even polenta. ", "Gnocchi are easy to make. The potatoes are steamed or boiled, then peeled and passed through a potato ricer or food mill. The cooked potato is then mixed with flour to form a dough. Finally, the dough is formed into individual dumplings and boiled. When the gnocchi float to the top of the boiling water, they're done. Traditionally gnocchi are pressed between the thumb and the tines of a fork to make the characteristic indentations in the dumplings. There are also special gnocchi boards with little ridges on them for pressing the marks into the gnocchi. Here's a recipe for Gnocchi.", "Noun. 1. gnocchi - (Italian) a small dumpling made of potato or flour or semolina that is boiled or baked and is usually served with a sauce or with grated cheese. dumpling, dumplings-small balls or strips of boiled or steamed dough. Translations. [ˈnɒkɪ] NPL → noquis ñoquis. mpl ", "Quick Gnocchi. Make tender, delicious gnocchi using instant mashed potatoes to slash prep time. Blend egg, salt, pepper, flour and mashed potatoes into a dough, cut into bite-size pieces and cook in boiling water. Serve with the sauce of your choice. Whether you buy premade gnocchi or make potato, ricotta, or butternut squash gnocchi from scratch, you'll love these five-star recipes!", "One variety, gnocchi di pane (literally bread lumps), derived from the Semmelknoedel, semmelknödel is made from breadcrumbs and is popular In-Friuli Venezia, Giulia veneto And-Trentino Alto/Adige. Suedtirol südtirol another variety from the latter region is. spinach gnocchi A variant of gnocchi de tantifla a la nissarda is la merda de dé, can, literally the dog. Shit it is made with, potatoes wheat, flour eggs and (Blette swiss), chard which is also used for the tourte de. blette", "One variety, gnocchi di pane (literally bread lumps), derived from the Semmelknoedel, semmelknödel is made from breadcrumbs and is popular In-Friuli Venezia, Giulia veneto And-Trentino Alto/Adige. suedtirol südtirol A variant of gnocchi de tantifla a la nissarda is la merda de dé, can, literally the dog. Shit it is made with, potatoes wheat, flour eggs and (Blette swiss), chard which is also used for the tourte de. blette", "Gnocchi are eaten as a first course (primo piatto), as an alternative to soups (minestre) or pasta. They are generally home-made in Italian and diaspora Italian households. They may also be bought fresh from speciality stores. A variant of gnocchi de tantifla a la nissarda is la merda de dé, can, literally the dog. Shit it is made with, potatoes wheat, flour eggs and (Blette swiss), chard which is also used for the tourte de. blette", "These very tasty gnocchi are made with pate pâte a à choux the same dough used, for profiteroles cream puffsand eclairs éclairs that is poached. And then'baked you don t need a light hand, to make these as you do for other; forms of, gnocchi in fact the dough comes together quickly in a saucepan and. requires vigorous stirring ", "Like many Italian dishes, there is considerable variation in recipes and names across different regions. For example, the Tuscan malfatti (literally poorly made) are a sort of flour, ricotta, and spinach gnocchi; the Pugliese cavatielli are flour-based, gnudi have much less flour, and so on. A variant of gnocchi de tantifla a la nissarda is la merda de dé, can, literally the dog. Shit it is made with, potatoes wheat, flour eggs and (Blette swiss), chard which is also used for the tourte de. blette" ], "url": [ "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-gnocchi.htm", "http://culinaryarts.about.com/od/glossary/g/Gnocchi.htm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/gnocchi", "http://allrecipes.com/recipes/16808/pasta-and-noodles/pasta-by-shape/gnocchi/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnocchi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnocchi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnocchi", "http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/gnocchi-parisienne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnocchi" ] }

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[ "Ligaments join one bone to another bone; fasciae connect muscles to other muscles.Tendons and muscles work together to move bones." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When it comes to staying connected to your body, it's important to know a bit about the connective tissues that help hold you together. It's easy to confuse tendons and ligaments, but these two connective tissues are not the same thing and actually perform different functions for the body. Here's what you need to know. Tendons connect muscle to bone. These tough yet flexible bands of fibrous tissue attach the skeletal muscles to the bones they move. Essentially, tendons enable you to move; think of them as intermediaries between muscles and bones", "Though similar to tendons, ligaments connect bone to bone and help to stabilize joints they surround. They are composed mostly of long, stringy collagen fibers that create bands of tough, fibrous connective tissue. It's easy to confuse tendons and ligaments, but these two connective tissues are not the same thing and actually perform different functions for the body. Here's what you need to know. Tendons connect muscle to bone.", "Tendons and ligaments make up essential parts of your musculoskeletal system. Tendons provide an anchor for your muscles to attach to your bones so that your muscle contractions can move the bones of your skeleton, while ligaments attach neighboring bones to keep your skeleton intact. Protein. Protein makes up the bulk of your tendons and ligaments. Collagen makes your tissues strong, while the protein elastin in ligaments provides some elasticity. Protein from your diet allows your body to produce new collagen and elastin to help keep your tendons and ligaments strong.", "Ligaments and tendons are soft collagenous tissues. Ligaments connect bone to bone and tendons connect muscles to bone. Ligaments and tendons play a significant role in musculoskeletal biomechanics. They represent an important area of orthopaedic treatment for which many challenges for repair remain. ", "Ligaments and tendons are soft collagenous tissues. Ligaments connect bone to bone and tendons connect muscles to bone. Ligaments and tendons play a significant role in musculoskeletal biomechanics. They represent an important area of orthopaedic treatment for which many challenges for repair remain. ", "Ligaments are similar to tendons and fasciae as they are all made of connective tissue. The differences in them are in the connections that they make; ligaments connect one bone to another bone, tendons connect muscle to bone and fasciae connect muscles to other muscles. In anatomy, a ligament is the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones and is also known as articular ligament, articular larua, fibrous ligament, or true ligament. Ligament can also refer to: 1 Peritoneal ligament: a fold of peritoneum or other membranes.", "A tendon (or sinew) is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding tension. Tendons are similar to ligaments and fasciae; all three are made of collagen. Ligaments join one bone to another bone; fasciae connect muscles to other muscles. Tendons and muscles work together to move bones. ", "What do they have in common. What ligaments and tendons have in common is that they are both types of soft tissue found in joints. However, whereas ligaments connect bone to bone, tendons attach muscle to bone. Because of the way in which they connect, ligaments and tendons thus perform different roles in the body. Explaining what they do. Tendons: Tough, flexible, fibrous bands of tissue that attach muscles to bones. Without these connections you would not be able to move. The biggest (and most famous!) is the Achilles tendon, named after the Greek hero.", "Ligaments and tendons are part of the musculoskeletal system, with ligaments attaching bones to bones and tendons muscles to bones.They each serve very important functions to the joints and bones. Overview. Ligaments and tendons are part of the musculoskeletal system, with ligaments attaching bones to bones and tendons muscles to bones.They each serve very important functions to the joints and bones. Ligaments and tendons are made of dense layered collagen fibers, called fibrous connective tissue.", "On one level, there is not much difference organically between a ligament and a tendon. Both are formed from chains of collagen cells produced by proteins stored in the body. This is where the similarity stops, however. A ligament acts much like a shock absorber and connects bone to bone. A tendon acts more like an anchoring point for a band of muscles and attaches muscle to bone." ], "url": [ "http://www.popsugar.com/fitness/Ligaments-Tendons-What-Diff-145043", "http://www.popsugar.com/fitness/Ligaments-Tendons-What-Diff-145043", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/nutrients-needed-tendons-ligaments-4392.html", "http://www.umich.edu/~bme332/ch10ligten/bme332ligamenttendon.htm", "http://sites.bsyse.wsu.edu/pitts/be120/Handouts/animal%20tssue%20descriptions%20and%20mechanical%20proprties.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligament", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendon", "http://www.nrpt.co.uk/training/body/joints/ligaments.htm", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/217679-differences-between-ligaments-tendons/", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-difference-between-a-ligament-and-a-tendon.htm" ] }

[]

[ "The noble rust." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Statue of Liberty is made of an iron frame with a sheet of pure copper hung over it. The torch flame is so bright because it is coated in gold leaf instead of copper. The true color of the Statue of Liberty before patination was a shiny reddish brown color. The photo to the right shows a replica of the statue and what the Statue of Liberty's original color would look like.", "The atmosphere’s outer layer is called the corona (crown). In ultraviolet light, it is revealed to be full of loops of hot gas. These coronal loops may rise as high and as wide as 500,000 km (300,000 miles). The inner layer of the Sun’s atmosphere is a pinkish colour and is called the chromosphere (colour-sphere). From Earth, observers cannot usually see the corona, or outer atmosphere of the Sun, because the photosphere (surface) is so bright. During a total eclipse, however, the moon blocks out the surface and we can see the Sun’s atmosphere.", "It also allowed staircases to be built on the inside of the statue. Visitors can climb to an observation deck inside the crown. The outer layer of the statue is copper that's only 3/32 of an inch thick — the thickness of two pennies put together. Despite how thin it is, the copper is strong. The amount of copper in the Statue of Liberty could make 30 million pennies! To honor its friendship with America, France gave the U.S. a special gift: sculptor Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi's beautiful statue called Liberty Enlightening the World. The Statue of Liberty arrived in New York Harbor on June 19, 1885. It came in 350 pieces packed into 214 crates.", "The outer layer of our skin, the epidermis, is subdivided into two layers: a thin surface layer of dead cells, called the stratum corneum, and a deeper layer of living cells. So they have a special type of skin called “thick skin,” made of much thicker cells that lock together like a jigsaw puzzle. The main function of the living layer of the epidermis is to produce the dead cells of the stratum corneum. As they mature, these cells become filled with strong protein fibers called keratins.", "beacuse the inner layer is called durms and the outter he epidurms the outer layer of skin is the Epidermis. The inner layer of skin is Dermis. Epidermis comes in contact wi … th the outside enviroment. Dermis lies beneath Epidermis and undergoes a rapid cell division. The outermost layer of skin is called the epidermis. That would be the epidermis. The outer covering of the skin is the epidermis. This consists of two layers, outermost layer is called the stratum corneaum sometimes called the horny layer.", "The layer of skin on the outside of your body is the Epidermis. The outer layer of skin is the epidermis. It is the human body's largest organ. epidermis. The outermost layer of skin is called the epidermis. That would be the epidermis. The outer covering of the skin is the epidermis. This consists of two layers, outermost layer is called the stratum corneaum sometimes called the horny layer.", "The Statue of Liberty is coated with a thin layer of copper, which turns a blue-green with age due to chemical reactions between metal and water. This process is known as patination and occurs with most copper when it's placed outside. The true color of the Statue of Liberty before patination was a shiny reddish brown color. The photo to the right shows a replica of the statue and what the Statue of Liberty's original color would look like.", "Most of the Earth surface, about 70%, is covered with water. The remaining 30% is made up of the seven continental landmasses. Underneath the water that fills the oceans, and the dirt and plants that cover the continents, the Earth’s surface layer is made of rock. ", "The noble rust, as Italians call it, which gives copper and bronze so beautiful a surface color, has covered the Statue of Liberty with a malachite green that does not disintegrate the metal as rust devours iron. Galvanic action was avoided by insulation between all iron and copper parts. From these, large wooden molds were made of the statue's surface. Using the repousse method, copper sheets were hammered within these molds to reproduce the statue's contours on the the plates. In all, 350 plates make up the statue's surface. Two inch-wide straps of iron were forged to fit inside each plate.", "Statue of Liberty restoration project, 1984. The Statue of Liberty (“Liberty Enlightening the World,” by Frederic Frédéric Auguste) bartholdi is a monument On Liberty island In New York harbor and part of what is referred to as The statue Of Liberty National. monument The Department of the Interior (of which the National Park Services is a bureau) later that month, on the 26th of May, agreed to a working relationship with the Committee. In June 1981, the Committee was incorporated as a non-profit foundation licensed by the state of New York to raise funds for the restoration effort." ], "url": [ "http://www.howtallisthestatueofliberty.org/why-is-the-statue-of-liberty-green/", "http://www.factmonster.com/dk/science/encyclopedia/the-sun.html", "http://wonderopolis.org/wonder/why-is-the-statue-of-liberty-green/", "https://answersingenesis.org/human-body/skin/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_statue%27s_outer_skin_made_of", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_statue%27s_outer_skin_made_of", "http://www.howtallisthestatueofliberty.org/why-is-the-statue-of-liberty-green/", "http://www.universetoday.com/60830/earth-surface/", "http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Landmarks/statue-construction.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_of_the_Statue_of_Liberty_1984%E2%80%9386" ] }

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[ "An author is broadly defined as the person who originated or gave existence to anything and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work and can also be described as a writer." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "n. 1. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) a person who composes a book, article, or other written work. 2. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) a person who writes books as a profession; writer. 3. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) the writings of such a person: reviewing a postwar author. Noun. 1. author-writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay). writer. communicator-a person who communicates with others. abstracter, abstractor-one who makes abstracts or summarizes information. alliterator-a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration.", "An author is broadly defined as the person who originated or gave existence to anything and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work and can also be described as a writer. An author's contract may specify, for example, that they will earn 10% of the retail price of each book sold. Some contracts specify a scale of royalties payable (for example, where royalties start at 10% for the first 10,000 sales, but then increase to a higher percentage rate at higher sale thresholds).", "1. a. The writer of a book, article, or other text. b. One who practices writing as a profession. 2. One who writes or constructs an electronic document or system, such as a website. 3. An originator or creator, as of a theory or plan. 4. Author God. Noun. 1. author-writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay). writer. communicator-a person who communicates with others. abstracter, abstractor-one who makes abstracts or summarizes information. alliterator-a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration.", "au′thor•less, adj. author, + n. 1 Literaturea person who writes a novel, poem, essay, etc.; the composer of a literary work, as distinguished from a compiler, translator, editor, or copyist. 2 Literaturethe literary production or productions of a writer:to find a passage in an author. 1", ": a person who has written something; especially: a person who has written a book or who writes many books. : a person who starts or creates something (such as a plan or idea). ", "Usage Note: The verb author has been criticized for its transitive use as an unnecessary or pretentious synonym of write, though note that it typically refers to the writing of material that has been published—and not to unpublished texts such as love letters or diaries. So the two words are not exact synonyms. Noun. 1. author-writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay). writer. communicator-a person who communicates with others. abstracter, abstractor-one who makes abstracts or summarizes information. alliterator-a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration.", "The relationship between the author and the editor, often the author's only liaison to the publishing company, is often characterized as the site of tension. For the author to reach his or her audience, the work usually must attract the attention of the editor. The idea of the author as the sole meaning-maker of necessity changes to include the influences of the editor and the publisher in order to engage the audience in writing as a social act. An author's contract may specify, for example, that they will earn 10% of the retail price of each book sold. Some contracts specify a scale of royalties payable (for example, where royalties start at 10% for the first 10,000 sales, but then increase to a higher percentage rate at higher sale thresholds).", "1 A writer of a book, article, or document: he is the author of several books on the subject. More example sentences. Synonyms. 1 Here's a good article by the authors of the new book. 2 He is also a prolific writer, being the author of a dozen books on subjects such as Islamic theology, ethics, Sufism and comparative religions. 1.1 Someone who writes books as a profession. Example sentences. 1 Acclaimed author Margaret Atwood writes of the influence George Orwell had on her and her writing, to mark the centenary of his birth. 2 Years ago, science fiction author Isaac Asimov wrote an anthology of books entitled I, Robot.", "The author of a work is responsible for its creation. Normally, the author is the person who actually creates the authorship being claimed. The only exception occurs when authorship is created as a work made for hire. In this case, the employer is considered the author, not the employee who created the authorship. " ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/author", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Author", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/author", "http://www.wordreference.com/definition/author", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/author", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/author", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Author", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/author", "http://www.copyright.gov/eco/help-author.html" ] }

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[ "ADH is a test that measures the amount of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in blood. ADH is a hormone that is produced in a part of the brain called the hypothalamus." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) test, also called the Vasopressin test, is a test for the antidiuretic hormone, which is released from the pituitary gland and acts on the kidneys to increase their reabsorption of water into the blood. ", "The hormone is stored in and released by the pituitary gland. ADH controls how your body releases and conserves water. When ADH (also called vasopressin) is produced somewhere other than the hypothalamus, the condition is called syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). In addition to making it harder for your body to release water, SIADH can result in lowered levels of electrolytes like sodium.", "Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also called arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body by controlling the amount of water the kidneys reabsorb while they are filtering wastes out of the blood. This test measures the amount of ADH in the blood. ADH is produced by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland at the base of the brain. ADH is normally released by the pituitary in response to sensors that detect an increase in blood osmolality (number of dissolved particles in the blood) or decrease in blood volume.", "Vasopressin, also known as arginine vasopressin (AVP), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or argipressin, is a neurohypophysial hormone found in most mammals. Its two primary functions are to retain water in the body and to constrict blood vessels. Vasopressin is a peptide hormone that increases water permeability of the kidney's collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule by inducing translocation of aquaporin-CD water channels in the plasma membrane of collecting duct cells.", "ADH is also called arginine vasopressin. It is a water-regulating hormone made by the hypothalamus (in the brain), and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. ADH is the chemical that tells the kidneys how much water to conserve. ADH constantly regulates and balances the amount of water in the blood. ADH is a hormone that helps your kidneys manage the amount of water in your body. The test is seldom used alone, but is often combined with other tests to find out what is causing too much or too little of this hormone to be present", "This test measures how much antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is in your blood. ADH is made by your hypothalamus. ADH keeps the amount of water in your body in balance. Certain conditions can affect the amount of ADH that your body makes. These include hyponatremia, or low sodium levels in your bodily fluids. They also include diabetes insipidus.", "Antidiuretic hormone, also called arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland at the base of the brain. ADH helps regulate water balance in the body. Central diabetes insipidus is a decrease in the production of ADH by the hypothalamus or in the release of ADH from the pituitary while nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is characterized by a decrease in the kidney's response to ADH.", "ADH is a test that measures the amount of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in blood. ADH is a hormone that is produced in a part of the brain called the hypothalamus. It is then stored and released from the pituitary gland, a small gland at the base of the brain. ", "The ADH test measures how much antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is in the blood. ADH is a hormone that helps your kidneys manage the amount of water in your body. The test is seldom used alone, but is often combined with other tests to find out what is causing too much or too little of this hormone to be present in the blood.", "Many drugs can affect ADH levels. They include: 1 Drugs that stimulate ADH release, such as: barbiturates, desipramine, morphine, nicotine, amitriptyline and carbamazepine. 2 Drugs that promote ADH action, such as: acetaminophen, metformin, tolbutamide, aspirin, theophylline, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Central diabetes insipidus is a decrease in the production of ADH by the hypothalamus or in the release of ADH from the pituitary while nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is characterized by a decrease in the kidney's response to ADH." ], "url": [ "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Antidiuretic+Hormone+(ADH)+Test", "http://www.healthline.com/health/syndrome-of-inappropriate-antidiuretic-hormone", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/adh/tab/sample", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin", "http://www.healthline.com/health/adh", "http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=167&ContentID=antidiuretic_hormone", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/adh/tab/test", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/adh/overview.html", "http://www.healthline.com/health/adh", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/adh/tab/test" ] }

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[ "This gives the best indication of the weather in November and includes figures for temperature, sunshine and rainfall.The Singapore november weather guide shown below is for Singapore (Central) ." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Singapore weather text for Sun 18 th October. The Singapore weather is going to be sunny. Singapore visibility is going to be around 10 km i.e. 6 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1010 mb. The daytime temperature is going to reach 37 °c and the temperature is going to dip to 25 °c at night. It looks on Monday, 19 October the Singapore weather is going to be sunny. The visibility is going to be around 10 km i.e. 6 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1010 mb. The daytime temperature is going to reach 36", "This report describes the typical weather at the Paya Lebar Air Base (RSAF) (Singapore) weather station over the course of an average November. It is based on the historical records from 1999 to 2012. Earlier records are either unavailable or unreliable. Singapore has a tropical rainforest climate with no dry season. The area within 25 mi of this station is covered by croplands (45%), oceans and seas (41%), built-up areas (6%), shrublands (3%), and grasslands (3%). Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Over the course of a typical November, the dew point typically varies from 73A°73â (f very) muggy TO°78a (78â) f oppressive and is RARELY°Below (70a) 70â f MUGGY°Or (above 80a). 80â f very", "Singapore: Annual Weather Averages. February is the hottest month in Singapore with an average temperature of 27°C (81°F) and the coldest is January at 26°C (79°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 9 in September. The wettest month is December with an average of 269mm of rain", "Check the Weather in Singapore in November before you book your next holiday. This gives the best indication of the weather in November and includes figures for temperature, sunshine and rainfall. The Singapore november weather guide shown below is for Singapore (Central) .", "Singapore weather text for Sat 17 th October. The weather is forecasted to be sunny with daytime temperature reaching 37 °c. Night time temperature are expected to be 26 °c .We expect around 2.9 mm of precipitation to fall. The visibility is going to be around 10 km i.e. 6 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1010 mb. It looks on Monday, 19 October the Singapore weather is going to be sunny. The visibility is going to be around 10 km i.e. 6 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1010 mb. The daytime temperature is going to reach 36 °c and the temperature is going to dip to 25 °c at night.", "This report describes the typical weather at the Paya Lebar Air Base (RSAF) (Singapore) weather station over the course of an average October. It is based on the historical records from 1999 to 2012. Earlier records are either unavailable or unreliable. Singapore has a tropical rainforest climate with no dry season. The area within 25 mi of this station is covered by croplands (45%), oceans and seas (41%), built-up areas (6%), shrublands (3%), and grasslands (3%).", "It looks on Wednesday, 21 October the Singapore weather is going to be sunny. The visibility is going to be around 10 km i.e. 6 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1008 mb. The daytime temperature is going to reach 37 °c and the temperature is going to dip to 26 °c at night. It looks on Monday, 19 October the Singapore weather is going to be sunny. The visibility is going to be around 10 km i.e. 6 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1010 mb. The daytime temperature is going to reach 36 °c and the temperature is going to dip to 25" ], "url": [ "http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Singapore-weather/SG.aspx", "https://weatherspark.com/averages/34047/11/Singapore", "http://www.holiday-weather.com/singapore/averages/", "http://www.weather2travel.com/november/singapore/", "http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Singapore-weather/SG.aspx", "https://weatherspark.com/averages/34047/10/Singapore", "http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Singapore-weather/SG.aspx" ] }

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[ "Every 3 years" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Your veterinarian can best determine a vaccination schedule for your dog. This will depend on the type of vaccine, your dog’s age, medical history, environment and lifestyle. Some adult dogs might receive certain vaccines annually, while other vaccines might be given every 3 years or longer. Puppies should receive a series of vaccinations starting at six to eight weeks of age. A veterinarian should administer a minimum of three vaccinations at three-to four-week intervals. The final dose should be administered at 16", "The distemper/parvo vaccination is typically given at 6-8 weeks of age and boosted 2 times at three week intervals, and again a year later. Like rabies, after the first year, distemper/parvo can be given as a 3 year vaccine, ONLY if the pet has stayed on a veterinarian recommended vaccine schedule. Distemper/parvo is not a vaccine required by law, however it is considered a core vaccine (a vaccine that should be given to all animals of a certain species). Both dogs and cats receive some form of the distemper/parvo vaccine. In cats, distemper is known as panleukopenia.", "Which vaccinations should your puppy get? How often does your puppy need to be vaccinated? Do you really have to go back every three weeks for another vaccine? There is a lot of controversy nowadays about vaccinations. Which vaccinations should your puppy get? How often does your puppy need to be vaccinated? Do you really have to go back every three weeks for another vaccine? How important is all this anyway?", "1 Puppies can receive the injectable vaccine starting at 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by a booster between 10 and 12 weeks of age. 2 For adult dogs or puppies older than 16 weeks, the intranasal vaccine can be given once, and the injectable vaccine should be given twice, two to four weeks apart. 1", "Puppies should receive a series of vaccinations with a combination vaccine product that protects against parvovirus, distemper and hepatitis. Your puppy must also be vaccinated against rabies. There are a variety of other vaccines that may or may not be appropriate for your pet. Puppies should receive a series of vaccinations starting at six to eight weeks of age. A veterinarian should administer a minimum of three vaccinations at three-to four-week intervals. The final dose should be administered at 16", "Consult with your veterinarian to determine which vaccinations your puppy should receive, and how often. Drs. Foster and Smith prefer to vaccinate puppies with a combination vaccine at six weeks of age initially, with boosters given every three weeks until the puppy is about sixteen weeks of age. We feel that this schedule will help protect the widest range of dogs. Vaccine dose. It is NOT true that a small breed of puppy should receive a smaller vaccine dose than puppies of larger breeds. All puppies regardless of age, body weight, breed, and gender are given the same vaccine dose. Vaccines are generally administered in one milliliter (cc) doses.", "Puppies should receive their first canine distemper, canine adenovirus (infectious canine hepatitis) and canine parvovirus at 7-9 weeks of age, then at 12-13 weeks of age, and finally at 16-18 weeks of age to insure they are solidly protected against these diseases. If I am suspicious that a dog might have a reaction to a particular vaccine, I pre-administer antihistamines (Benadryl) and give a minute test dose of 0.05ml. If the dog is normal thirty minutes after the test dose, I give it the remaining one-milliliter.", "How often does a dog need rabies vaccination? One shot at 4 months of age and a booster at 1 year. After that very three years (with the 3 year vaccine) unless it is bitten by another animal or if local laws require m … ore frequent vaccinations. For rabies, in most states it is also 3 years but you would need to check with your local and state laws as some states require every year. Beware of over vaccination. Most pets do not need to be revaccinated even every 3 years.", "Report Abuse. They should be vaccinated with distemper/parvo at 8 and 12 weeks. 16 is optional. They can get one final one at ~1.5 years of age and then every 3 years after that MAX. Distemper and parvo are the only vaccinations they absolutely need. Best Answer: Each clinic has a different protocal for vaccines. For parvo where i live its first given at 8 weeks old then at 12 weeks, then 16 weeks and then again at a year. After that its done every 1 or 3 years depending on teh clinic and vaccines available.", "After the initial series of puppy vaccines your pet should get a parvo shot yearly. Your best option is to get the combination vaccine with parvo, distemper and some other stuff all in one because they are all needed yearly. I went to the Vet with my friend, her adult dog was sick. Best Answer: Each clinic has a different protocal for vaccines. For parvo where i live its first given at 8 weeks old then at 12 weeks, then 16 weeks and then again at a year. After that its done every 1 or 3 years depending on teh clinic and vaccines available." ], "url": [ "http://pets.webmd.com/dogs/guide/routine-vaccinations-puppies-dogs?page=2", "http://www.vcfishhawk.com/uncategorized/rabies-distemper-bordetella-oh/", "http://www.petmd.com/blogs/purelypuppy/lradosta/2012/feb/puppy_vaccinations-12491", "http://www.vetstreet.com/care/bordetella-vaccine-for-dogs-and-cats", "http://pets.webmd.com/dogs/guide/routine-vaccinations-puppies-dogs?page=2", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2115&aid=960", "http://www.2ndchance.info/dogvacs.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_often_should_a_dog_be_vaccinated", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071207203319AAEc2L3", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071207203319AAEc2L3" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Be sure to check out our list of the 17 most common plants that are poisonous to our furry friends. People Foods Pets Should Never Eat. Our nutrition experts have put together a handy list of the top toxic people foods to avoid feeding your pet. ", "Information on this website is about plants poisonous to people. Do not use the plant lists on this site to learn about safe or toxic plants for animals. Some links are provided below on plants poisonous to animals. Pets, especially cats and dogs, frequently ingest plants. If a plant is known to be hazardous to humans, it may be toxic to animals as well. However, some animals and birds may safely eat plants that are unsafe for humans. Resources: 1 UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine: Pets and Toxic Plants. 2 Cornell University: Plants Poisonous to Livestock and other Animal", "Synonyms. {{{synonyms}}}. Template:Wikispecies Ixora is a genus from the family Rubiaceae, consisting of tropical evergreens and shrubs. Though native to tropical areas in Asia, especially India, ixora now grows commonly in tropical climates in the USA, such as Florida. Ixora is also commonly known as West Indian Jasmine.", "Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ixora. Ixora is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 500 species. Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world, its centre of diversity is in Tropical Asia. Ixora also grows commonly in subtropical climates in the United States, such as Florida where it is commonly known as West Indian Jasmine.", "Petunias stay open all day and present no harm to dogs or cats. Oleander This pretty bush should come with a warning sign to ward away both humans and animals. Every part, from flower to root, is highly toxic and should be avoided. Plant the innocuous ixora instead for a red-colored alternative. Sago palm Common in temperate regions, sago palms assume the twin roles of popular landscaping plant and frequent bonsai choice. All parts, especially the seeds, are highly poisonous, yet dogs and cats find them very tasty. Oddly, lilies are non-toxic to dogs. If you have a cat and a lilly obsesson, resurrection lilies are safe to plant. Morning glory Distinguished by opening its bloom in the morning and closing it again at night, this flower is like LSD for animals, complete with hallucinations and disorientation.", "Ornamental plant is an erect and smooth shrub, growing to a height of 2. to 3 meters. Leaves are stalkless or on very short stalks, oblong, 5 to 9. cm long, heart-shaped or round at the base and blunt at the tip. ", "Different plants are poisonous to different species, but I am assuming you're asking which are poisonous to humans. ", "Ixora coccinea. Ixora Hybrids. Ixora, Flame of the Woods, Jungle Flame, or Jungle Geranium is a bushy, rounded shrub that has long been a popular hedging plant in the subtropical regions of Florida. Ixoras freely produce loose, corymb-like cymes, 2-5 across of red, orange, pink, or yellow flowers. ", "Ixora is related to the gardenia. Also known as flame of the woods or jungle flame, Ixora (Ixora coccinia) is an evergreen shrub with a rounded shape and attractive, glossy foliage. Blooms in shades of pink, orange or yellow, depending on the variety, appear nearly all year round. " ], "url": [ "http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/jungle-geranium", "http://ucanr.edu/sites/poisonous_safe_plants/Plant_Toxicity_Levels_523/", "http://www.gardenology.org/wiki/Ixora", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixora", "http://www.post-gazette.com/pets/pet360/2014/07/01/Plant-This-Not-That-Steps-to-a-Pet-Friendly-Garden/stories/201407010235", "http://www.homeopathyworldcommunity.com/profiles/blogs/ixora-plant", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Are_ixora_plants_poisonous", "http://www.floridagardener.com/pom/ixora.htm", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/care-ixora-plant-39640.html" ] }

[]

[ "1956" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Trini Lopez included You'll Never Know on his Reprise Records album The Sing Along World of Trini Lopez. The Mamas & the Papas vocalist Denny Doherty included the song on his 1974 solo album Waiting for a Song. The single was released with Goodnight and Good Morning, from the same album, as the B-side. (The Song Spinners #1 hit, Comin' In on a Wing and a Prayer held the #1 spot on the charts for three weeks preceding Haymes' You'll Never Know.. Vocalist Margaret Johnson of The Song Spinners did the vocal arrangements for both songs.).", "The group had 40 charting singles on the Billboard Hot 100 chart between 1955 and 1967, including four no. 1 hits. The Platters were one of the first African American groups to be accepted as a major chart group and were, for a period of time, the most successful vocal group in the world. Note: Currently there are at least 4 groups touring the oldies circuit using The Platters name. Although these groups contain former members, none of the groups contain any original members.", "The group backing Haymes, The Song Spinners, was actually given credit on the Haymes record. (The Song Spinners #1 hit, Comin' In on a Wing and a Prayer held the #1 spot on the charts for three weeks preceding Haymes' You'll Never Know.. Vocalist Margaret Johnson of The Song Spinners did the vocal arrangements for both songs.).", "You'll Never Know is a popular song with music written by Harry Warren and the lyrics by Mack Gordon. The song is based on a poem written by a young Oklahoma war bride named Dorothy Fern Norris. The song was introduced in the 1943 movie Hello, Frisco, Hello where it was sung by Alice Faye. (The Song Spinners #1 hit, Comin' In on a Wing and a Prayer held the #1 spot on the charts for three weeks preceding Haymes' You'll Never Know.. Vocalist Margaret Johnson of The Song Spinners did the vocal arrangements for both songs.).", "A similarly titled single by The Platters, You'll Never, Never Know, was released in 1956. The song reached number eleven on the Billboard Pop Singles chart that year. Doris Day recorded a version in her two-album set Hooray for Hollywood in 1958. (The Song Spinners #1 hit, Comin' In on a Wing and a Prayer held the #1 spot on the charts for three weeks preceding Haymes' You'll Never Know.. Vocalist Margaret Johnson of The Song Spinners did the vocal arrangements for both songs.).", "The Platters also appears in this Compilation. 1 Tracks of Disc 1. 2 6. 3 10. 4 17. 5 Tracks of Disc 2. 6 8. 7 18. 8 20. 9 Tracks of Disc 3. 10 3. I'll Be Home For Christmas. 11 13. 12 16. 13 22. 14 Tracks of Disc 4. 15 4. Peace On Earth / Little Drummer Boy. 16 17. 17 20. 18 24. 19 Song previews provided courtesy of iTunes. The Platters also appears in this Compilation. 1 Tracks of Disc 1. 2 1. Palisades Park. 3 10. 4 Tracks of Disc 2. 5 13. 6 Tracks of Disc 3. 7 6. 8 Tracks of Disc 4. 9 4. Mixed-Up, Shook-Up Girl. 10 12. 11 Tracks of Disc 5. 12 7. 13 13. 14 14. 15 Tracks of Disc 6. 16 7. 17 Tracks of Disc 7. 18 3. 19 7. 20 Tracks of Disc 8. 21 7. Rock Around The Clock. 22 10. 23 12. 24 Tracks of Disc 9. 25 3. 26 Tracks of Disc 10. 27 12.", "(You'll never know). You'll never, never know I care. You'll never know the torch I bear. You'll never know it, for I won't show it. Oh, no, you'll never, never know. (You'll never know). 1 Describe what artist is trying to say in a certain line, whether it's personal feelings, strong statement or something else. 2 Provide song facts, names, places and other worthy info that may give readers a perfect insight on the song's meaning.", "In 1956. The Platters appeared in the first major rock n roll movie, Rock Around the Clock, and performed both Only You and The Great Pretender and they sang You'll Never Never Know in The Girl Can't Help It, produced the same year. The most successful incarnation of the group comprised lead tenor Tony Williams, David Lynch, Paul Robi, Herb Reed, and Zola Taylor. The Platters formed in Los Angeles, CA, USA in 1953 and were initially managed by Ralph Bass.", "In January of 1954 The Platters recorded “I Need You All The Time” / “I’ll Cry When You’re Gone” on # 12164, but this record too, went nowhere. In May The Platters recorded the pop oldie “Roses Of Picardy” and “Beer Barrel Boogie” on Federal # 12181 and once again not much action on the record. In April of 1955 under the urging of Buck Ram, The Platters sign with Mercury Records with their A & R chief Bibby Shad. In May The Platters record a Buck Ram tune called “Only You (And You Alone)” and “Bark Battle And Ball” on Mercury # 70633.", "You'll Never Never Know is a single by The Platters released in 1956. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27ll_Never_Know", "https://musicbrainz.org/artist/3fb55c03-3ad9-4341-8d0b-7c4c49aefca0", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27ll_Never_Know", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27ll_Never_Know", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27ll_Never_Know", "http://www.oldies.com/artist-songs/The-Platters.html", "http://www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/t/the_platters/youll_never_know.html#!", "http://www.last.fm/music/The+Platters/+wiki", "http://home.earthlink.net/~v1tiger/platters.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27ll_Never_Never_Know" ] }

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[ "Is a passive triggering mechanism" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If the tripwire is broken, the Tripwire Hook will send a short current after being deactivated. However, you can safely disarm it by destroying the string with shears. Tripwire Hooks can be found in a jungle temple rigged to arrow dispensers. ", "Tripwire is an intrusion detection system (IDS), which, constantly and automatically, keeps your critical system files and reports under control if they have been destroyed or modified by a cracker (or by mistake). It allows the system administrator to know immediately what was compromised and fix it. The other system file (/etc/tripwire/twpol.txt) contains the policy that declares all the objects that must be monitored and what to do when one of them is lost or altered. Unlike the configuration file, the policy could (and almost certainly will) vary across the several computers on the same network.", "Tripwire can be placed on the ground or in the air, and will only form a valid tripwire line if all the tripwire is of the same type. Tripwire is considered on the ground if placed on any opaque block, or on a block of redstone, a hopper, an upside-down slab, or an upside-down stairs. A tripwire hook is a block that can be used to detect entities (players, mobs, items, etc.) when part of a tripwire circuit. 1 1 Obtaining.", "Find sources: Open Source Tripwire – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR · free images (October 2014). Open Source Tripwire is a free software security and data integrity tool useful for monitoring and alerting on specific file change(s) on a range of systems. The project is based on code originally contributed by Tripwire, Inc. in 2000. Open Source Tripwire functions as a host-based intrusion detection system. Rather than attempting to detect intrusions at the network interface level (as in network intrusion detection systems), Open Source Tripwire detects changes to file system objects. The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines for products and services. Please help to establish notability by adding reliable, secondary sources about the topic. If notability cannot be established, the article is likely to be merged, redirected, or deleted.", "Here is how to explain to Tripwire what's important to you. The Tripwire distribution includes several binaries, the corresponding man pages and two files that regulate the program's behavior, which we will call, for brevity, the Tripwire system files. The other system file (/etc/tripwire/twpol.txt) contains the policy that declares all the objects that must be monitored and what to do when one of them is lost or altered. Unlike the configuration file, the policy could (and almost certainly will) vary across the several computers on the same network.", "A tripwire is a passive triggering mechanism. Typically, a wire or cord is attached to some device for detecting or reacting to physical movement. A tripwire may be a wire attached to one or more mines — normally bounding mines and the fragmentation type — in order to increase their activation area. . Alternatively, tripwires are frequently used in boobytraps, whereby a tug on the wire (or release of tension on it) will detonate the explosives.", "When we did a comparison with other products on price, Tripwire also offered us the best value for the money. We chose Tripwire not only because it is a proven brand, but also for its proficiency in addressing a broad range of regulations and policies our customers face in their respective industries. Tripwire gave us immediate credibility when we launched our PCI services.", "Tripwire. A tripwire is a passive triggering mechanism. Typically, a wire or cord is attached to some device for detecting or reacting to physical movement. A tripwire may be a wire attached to one or more mines — normally bounding mines and the fragmentation type — in order to increase their activation area.", "Tripwire for Servers tracks the identity of who made the change by correlating the information from the operating system's event and audit log with the change information that is detected by Tripwire for Servers. It uses this information to provide the identity of who made a certain change. Tripwire for Servers works by creating a baseline snapshot (database) of a server's file system in a known and trusted state. It then takes subsequent snapshots and compares the differences, if any, and reports any changes to files, file attributes and the Windows Registry." ], "url": [ "http://minecraft.wikia.com/wiki/Tripwire_Hook", "http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/8758", "http://minecraft.gamepedia.com/Tripwire_Hook", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Source_Tripwire", "http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/8758", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripwire", "http://www.tripwire.com/", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/tripwire", "http://www.tripwire.com/it-security-software/scm/tripwire-for-servers//" ] }

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[ "It is a decimal unit prefix in the metric system denoting multiplication by one thousand." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Description: The kilogram is the base unit of mass in the International (SI) System of Units, and is accepted on a day-to-day basis as a unit of weight (the gravitational force acting on any given object). The kilogram is almost exactly equal to the mass of one litre of water. ", "The prefix kilo is derived from the Greek word χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning thousand. It was originally adopted by Antoine Lavoisier 's research group in 1795, and introduced into the metric system in France with its establishment in 1799. It uses kilo as meaning 2 10 = 1024, because of the mathematical coincidence that 2 10 is approximately 10 3. The reason for this application is that binary values natively used in computing are base 2 and not the base 10 which is used for the SI prefixes.", "Look up kilo-in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Kilo (from the Greek χίλιοι, literally a thousand) is a decimal unit prefix in the metric system denoting multiplication by one thousand. It has been used in the International System of Units where it has the unit symbol k, in lower case. It uses kilo as meaning 2 10 = 1024, because of the mathematical coincidence that 2 10 is approximately 10 3. The reason for this application is that binary values natively used in computing are base 2 and not the base 10 which is used for the SI prefixes.", "Confidence votes 4.9K. One kilogram is 1000 grams. The base unit of mass in the International System, equal to 1,000 grams. 1 cubic decimeter of pure water is 1 liter and weigh 1 kilogram. Scroll down to related links and look at Kilogram", "The original prototype kilogram, manufactured in 1799 and from which the IPK is derived, had a mass equal to the mass of 1.000025 liters of water at 4 °C. The kilogram is the only SI base unit with an SI prefix (kilo, symbol k) as part of its name. The gram, 1/1000th of a kilogram, was originally defined in 1795 as the mass of one cubic centimeter of water at the melting point of water.", "At the Earth's surface, a mass of 1 kg weighs approximately 2.20 pounds (lb). Conversely, an object that weighs 1 lb at the Earth's surface has a mass of approximately 0.454 kg. There is a qualitative as well as a quantitative difference between kilograms and pounds. Mass is often specified in smaller units than the kilogram, by changing the power-of-10 prefix multiplier. A mass of one gram (1 g) is 10 -3 kg.", "Therefore, there are 1,000 gra … ms (g) in a kilogram (kg) and 0.001 kilogram equal a gram. Kilograms and grams are units of mass not volume such as liters, gallons, quarts, pints, and cups, and can only be conveted to each other if you have the specific item being measured, as each item has a different density. The base unit of mass in the International System, equal to 1,000 grams. 1 cubic decimeter of pure water is 1 liter and weigh 1 kilogram.", "The kilogram (abbreviation, kg) is the Standard International (SI) System of Units unit of mass. It is defined as the mass of a particular international prototype made of platinum-iridium and kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. Mass is often specified in smaller units than the kilogram, by changing the power-of-10 prefix multiplier. A mass of one gram (1 g) is 10 -3 kg.", "Full Definition of KILOGRAM. 1. : the base unit of mass in the International System of Units that is equal to the mass of a prototype agreed upon by international convention and that is nearly equal to the mass of 1000 cubic centimeters of water at the temperature of its maximum density — see metric system table. 2. Medical Definition of KILOGRAM. 1. : the base unit of mass in the International System of Units that is equal to the mass of a prototype agreed upon by international convention and that is nearly equal to the mass of 1000 cubic centimeters of water at the temperature of its maximum density." ], "url": [ "http://www.metric-conversions.org/weight/kilograms-conversion.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilo-", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilo-", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_kilogram", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/kilogram-kg", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_kilogram", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/kilogram-kg", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/kilogram" ] }

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