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[ "$77 per cubic yard" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Ready-Mix Concrete: $93 per cubic yard *National Average in 2013. Concrete makes up the majority of the cost of a concrete project. Prices vary by region, to get a more accurate estimate contact your local Ready-Mix supplier. *(source: NRMCA-Ready Mixed Concrete Industry Data Survey). Grading: $50 - $70 per hour. Cost will vary depending on the amount of dirt you need to move. PRICE PER SQUARE FOOT: $3.25 to $5.25 (for plain concrete depending on the size and complexity). Decorative Concrete Costs: 1 Decorative Concrete Cost. 2 Stamped", "Additional considerations and costs. 1 Decorative effects in concrete are available and include colored concrete for an average cost of $40 per cubic yard ($260 in this example) and embossed concrete for average cost of $1.70 per square foot ($1,037 in this example). A typical two-car driveway is 16 feet wide and 38 feet long without curves or slope, for a total surface area of 610 square feet. It will typically cost $4.99 per square foot to be professionally supplied and paved with concrete. The DIY Material Cost is around $2.59 per square foot", "Concrete is essentially quoted per cubic yard or cubic meter, and as an average you could use $77 per cubic yard. But always have your ready mix concrete quoted by a local supplier. ", "If you live in a region with freeze/thaw cycles in winter, ask for 5 percent air entrainment to help the concrete withstand freeze/thaw damage. Cost. Use $90 per cubic yard as a ballpark figure, but this will vary by region. Also, expect a fee of about $60 per load for delivery. There could be other fees for such things as Saturday delivery and small loads. Ask about these fees so you know the total bill before the truck arrives. Unload time.", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Concrete Driveway Installation project. For a basic 120 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install a Concrete Driveway ranges between $4.56 - $6.34 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1.", "They should give you a good idea of what concrete cost, but always check your local ready mix concrete cost with a company in your area for exact pricing. In addition to the concrete cost per yard, I will also list the extra's or concrete additive cost-enhancements that you can add to the concrete. I think it's important if you are a homeowner, builder, or contractor to know the cost of a yard of concrete and what the extras are that will be added to the price per cubic yard. Below, I will list a current concrete company's price list, that I use, of 4 different PSI strengths of concrete.", "Cost of a Concrete Driveway. Longer-lasting, less maintenance, and cost-effective are the top three attributes of driveways installed with decorative concrete. Driveway costs can range from $6 per square foot to more than $15 per square foot depending upon the design and coloring effects desired. ", "Get an INSTANT estimate of the cost to Install a Concrete Pad! Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Concrete Pad Installation project. For a basic 120 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install a Concrete Pad ranges between $4.64 - $6.36 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1.", "1 Decorative effects in concrete are available and include colored concrete for an average cost of $40 per cubic yard ($260 in this example) and embossed concrete for average cost of $1.70 per square foot ($1,037 in this example). A typical two-car driveway is 16 feet wide and 38 feet long without curves or slope, for a total surface area of 610 square feet. It will typically cost $4.99 per square foot to be professionally supplied and paved with concrete. The DIY Material Cost is around $2.59 per square foot" ], "url": [ "http://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete-prices.html", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/concrete-driveway-paving", "http://construction.about.com/od/Cost-Control/tp/Estimating-Concrete-Pricing.htm", "http://www.familyhandyman.com/masonry/pouring-concrete/how-to-estimate-a-concrete-order/view-all", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_concrete_driveway.html", "http://www.everything-about-concrete.com/how-much-does-concrete-cost.html", "http://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete/concrete_driveways/cost.html", "http://homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_concrete_pad.html", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/concrete-driveway-paving" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "yes you can get pregnant during your period but your chances of getting pregnant during your period are slim the best time for a woman to get pregnant is around the middle of her cycle close to ovulation for the average woman this is around cycle day 12 to 16 however it is possible to get pregnant during your period and there are several reasons why early ovulation typically a woman ovulates around 14 days before the start of her period so if you have an average 28 day cycle you would most likely ovulate on cycle day 14 a woman s cycle though is not always predictable even women who normally have regular cycles can have an off cycle and ovulate earlier or later than normal", "it isn t impossible for a girl to become pregnant on her period however this is the most unlikey time to concieve a child it can happen though if you are trying to get pregnant the best time to have sex is 14 days into the girl s menstural cycle in other words 14 days from the beginning of the girl s period if you are not trying to get pregnant i suggest you always use a condom as well as another method of birth control just becuase it is highly unlikely to get a girl pregnant when she is on her period it is not impossible", "even with her period a lot of people think that if a girl has sex during her period she can t get pregnant but it is possible for a girl to get pregnant while she is bleeding this can happen for a couple of reasons not all vaginal bleeding is the result of a menstrual period sometimes a girl will have a small amount of vaginal bleeding at the time of ovulation the time when she is most fertile", "a lot of people think that if a girl has sex during her period she can t get pregnant but it is possible for a girl to get pregnant while she is bleeding this can happen for a couple of reasons not all vaginal bleeding is the result of a menstrual period sometimes a girl will have a small amount of vaginal bleeding at the time of ovulation the time when she is most fertile", "best answer if your girlfriend is on birth control then it s very unlikely that she s gotten pregnant especially on her period however if she has only been taking them for a very short while then the pills may not have had time to kick in completely yet a lot of people think that if a girl has sex during her period she can t get pregnant but it is possible for a girl to get pregnant while she is bleeding this can happen for a couple of reasons not all vaginal bleeding is the result of a menstrual period", "most women don t start getting a baby bump until they re about sixteen weeks along unless they ve already had a baby that being said yes a girl can get pregnant while she s on her period when the egg is released it lodges into the uterine wall to wait to be fertilized a lot of people think that if a girl has sex during her period she can t get pregnant but it is possible for a girl to get pregnant while she is bleeding this can happen for a couple of reasons not all vaginal bleeding is the result of a menstrual period", "it is possible for a woman approaching ovulation to still be on her period in fact some women will begin producing fertile cervical mucous during the last few days of their periods if a woman ovulates shortly after her period ends or while she is spotting she could get pregnant early ovulation typically a woman ovulates around 14 days before the start of her period so if you have an average 28 day cycle you would most likely ovulate on cycle day 14 a woman s cycle though is not always predictable even women who normally have regular cycles can have an off cycle and ovulate earlier or later than normal", "report abuse hi though chances of conception during period is very slim we can t say for sure a girl will not get pregnant on her period cos u may be ovulating while having menses not common but surely it happens so if u r ovulating while having your period u will get pregnant it s very likely your more fertile the first couple days before your period and during your period so many girls think they can play it safe and not get pregnant while she s menstruating it s a myth birth control is the only way in preventing pregnancy live laugh love", "how to get pregnant on a period if a woman is hoping to get pregnant it s commonly assumed that her best chance falls sometime around 14 days after her last period source mayo clinic but that rule of thumb only applies for those with a textbook 28 day menstrual cycle" ], "url": [ "http://www.justmommies.com/articles/pregnant-during-your-period.shtml", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100228203607AABs2Sg", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080604183919AAsDexv", "https://malaysia.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080625195333AAG20zo", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080604183919AAsDexv", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080604183919AAsDexv", "http://www.justmommies.com/articles/pregnant-during-your-period.shtml", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071118212717AAJHuOb", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy-and-parenting/pregnancy/fertility/pregnant-during-period1.htm" ] }

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[ "Qatari Riyal" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Qatari riyal, denoted by QAR, is the official currency of Qatar. Divided into 100 dirhams, the riyal is issued by the Qatar Central Bank.", "QAR-Qatari Riyal. Qatar, Riyal. The Qatari Riyal is the currency of Qatar. Our currency rankings show that the most popular Qatar Riyal exchange rate is the INR to QAR rate. The currency code for Rials is QAR, and the currency symbol is ﷼. Below, you'll find Qatari Riyal rates and a currency converter.", "The currency abbreviation for the Qatari riyal (QAR), the currency for Qatar, an Arab emirate located along the coast of the Arabian Peninsula. The Qatari riyal is made up of 100 dirham and is often presented with the symbol QR in English.", "The Qatari Riyal is the currency in Qatar (QA, QAT). The Qatari Riyal is also known as the Qatar Rial. The symbol for QAR can be written QR, and ﷼. The Qatari Riyal is divided into 100 dirhams. The exchange rate for the Qatari Riyal was last updated on October 9, 2015 from The International Monetary Fund.", "Qatar, Riyal. The Qatari Riyal is the currency of Qatar. Our currency rankings show that the most popular Qatar Riyal exchange rate is the INR to QAR rate. The currency code for Rials is QAR, and the currency symbol is ﷼. Below, you'll find Qatari Riyal rates and a currency converter." ], "url": [ "http://gocurrency.com/countries/qatar", "http://www.xe.com/currency/qar-qatari-riyal", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/q/qar-qatar-riyal.asp", "http://coinmill.com/QAR_calculator.html", "http://www.xe.com/currency/qar-qatari-riyal" ] }

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[ "Mantle" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "How Earth's Plates Move Lesson #3. Geologists came to the conclusion in the 1960's that the Earth's rigid outer layer (crust and outer, rigid layer of the mantle) was not a single piece, but was broken up into about 12 large pieces called plates.", "The Lithosphere The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere. The Lithospheric Plates The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The plates float on the soft, semi-rigid asthenosphere.", "The 3 layers that make up the Earth are the Crust, the Mantle, and the Core. The Crust is the first layer of the Earth, the part we live on and its about 18 miles thick.", "Plates at our planet s surface move because of the intense heat in the Earth s core that causes molten rock in the mantle layer to move. It moves in a pattern called a convection cell that forms when warm material rises, cools, and eventually sink down. As the cooled material sinks down, it is warmed and rises again.", "Janet17. The theory of plate tectonics states that Earth's outermost layer, the lithosphere, is broken into 7 large, rigid pieces called plates. They are floating on the Earth's mantle, a really thick layer of hot flowing rock.", "Flowing Lava. Plates at our planet s surface move because of the intense heat in the Earth s core that causes molten rock in the mantle layer to move. It moves in a pattern called a convection cell that forms when ...more." ], "url": [ "http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/how-earths-plates-move-lesson-3", "http://6thgradearchiekids.weebly.com/uploads/8/7/1/4/8714630/earth_layers_project.pdf", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_layer_of_Earth_makes_up_the_plates_and_what_layer_causes_them_to_move", "http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/interior/how_plates_move.html", "http://www.weegy.com/?ConversationId=417B08AE", "http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/interior/how_plates_move.html" ] }

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[ "They are heterotrophic, eukaryotic organisms, have cell walls made of chitin." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Distinguishing characters of fungi are: 1.It is a plant like microscopic multicellular organism living on a nutrient substrate. 2.They are achlorophyllous,heterotrophic thall … ophytes. 3.Every fungi contains mass of interwoven hyphae is called mycelium. 4.The mycelium may be unicellular or multicellular. Fungi, a member of kingdom plantae has features that distinguishes it from the rest. They are heterotrophic, eukaryotic organisms, have cell walls made of chitin, they do … not have distinct disuse differentiation and propagate by means of spores. Answered. In Biology.", "Distinguishing characters of fungi are: 1.It is a plant like microscopic multicellular organism living on a nutrient substrate. 2.They are achlorophyllous,heterotrophic thallophytes. 3.Every fungi contains mass of interwoven hyphae is called mycelium. 4.The mycelium may be unicellular or multicellular. Fungi, a member of kingdom plantae has features that distinguishes it from the rest. They are heterotrophic, eukaryotic organisms, have cell walls made of chitin, they do … not have distinct disuse differentiation and propagate by means of spores. Answered. In Biology.", "Plants, such as trees, flowers, and ferns, are eukaryotic, non-motile organisms that use photosynthesis to get energy. Remember that photosynthesis is a process that converts sunlight and carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugar. While both plants and fungi have cell walls, the cell walls in plants are made of cellulose. Both plants and fungi are in the Eukarya domain, meaning they are made of eukaryotic cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Another similarity is that they both evolved from protists.", "Abundant worldwide, most fungi are inconspicuous because of the small size of their structures, and their cryptic lifestyles in soil, on dead matter. They are both symbionts of plants, animals, or other fungi and also parasites. They may become noticeable when fruiting, either as mushrooms or as molds. Fungi perform an essential role in the decomposition of organic matter and have fundamental roles in nutrient cycling and exchange in the environment. ", "Plant-like protists make their own food, and many have cell walls made of cellulose. Animal-like protists cannot make their own food and ingest it. Some animal-like protests have “shells,” called tests, which are made of silica or calcium carbonate. Other animal-like protists lack a cell wall or protective test. The fungi-like protists are actually not evolutionarily related to fungi, although they do take in food by absorption. Like plants, however, their cell walls are made of cellulose. Animal-like protist. The majority of organisms classified as protists are unicellular though there are a few multicellular organisms. For example, kelp (“seaweed”) is technically a protist even though it is multicellular. Kelp is not grouped with plants, however, because it lacks the cellular complexity present in plant cells.", "Fungi, a member of kingdom plantae has features that distinguishes it from the rest. They are heterotrophic, eukaryotic organisms, have cell walls made of chitin, they do … not have distinct disuse differentiation and propagate by means of spores. Pelu Ruiz. Distinguishing characters of fungi are: 1.It is a plant like microscopic multicellular organism living on a nutrient substrate. 2.They are achlorophyllous,heterotrophic thallophytes. 3.Every fungi contains mass of interwoven hyphae is called mycelium. 4.The mycelium may be unicellular or multicellular", "Characteristics of Fungi and Plants. Both the plant and fungus kingdoms have some common characteristics. First, they are both eukaryotic, meaning they belong to the Eukarya domain and that their cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Both plants and fungi are in the Eukarya domain, meaning they are made of eukaryotic cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Another similarity is that they both evolved from protists." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_some_distinguishing_characteristics_of_fungi", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_some_distinguishing_characteristics_of_fungi", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-evolution-of-plants-and-fungi-characteristics-evolutionary-history.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungus", "http://www.learner.org/courses/essential/life/session2/closer_protist.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Distinguishing_features_of_kingdom_Fungi", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-evolution-of-plants-and-fungi-characteristics-evolutionary-history.html" ] }

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[ "(4 to 5 years), which teaches the fundamentals of psychology. After that, you will need a master's degree (2 to 3 years)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example, becoming a school psychologist can take a little as two years of graduate-level education, and only requires a master’s degree. On the other hand, if you want to become a child psychologist you will need to earn a doctorate degree, which can require up to seven additional years of psychologist schooling.", "1 During the first four years of medical school you take classes, do lab work, and learn about medical ethics. 2 You may not have the opportunity to do hands-on psychiatry work at this stage, but earning your medical degree is a requirement in the path to becoming a psychiatrist, so stick with it.", "1 Clinical Psychologist: Doctorate Degree in Psychology (4 to 7 years of graduate school). 2 Industrial-Organizational Psychologist: Master’s Degree (2 to 3 years of graduate school). 3 Forensic Psychologist: Master’s Degree (2 to 3 years of graduate school); a doctoral degree is recommended.", "So it will take about 13 years to become a psychiatrist, perhaps more if you do nto already have a bachelor's degree (4 years). ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::... Source(s): http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_... OR · 8 years ago. Thumbs up.", "How long does it take to become a psychiatrist? Typically, it takes about 8 years of post-undergraduate study to become a board-certified psychiatrist – 4 years to complete your M.D. degree plus another 4 years of residency.", "The Path to Becoming a Psychologist. First, you will need a bachelor's degree (4 to 5 years), which teaches the fundamentals of psychology. After that, you will need a master's degree (2 to 3 years), which can qualify you to practice in the field as a case manager, employment specialist, or social worker.", "The road from high school graduate to licensed psychiatrist is a long one, and it starts with a bachelor's degree. Many people who are interested in psychiatry choose to major in psychology, chemistry, biology, or engineering in order to start learning about the way the mind works." ], "url": [ "http://www.collegeatlas.org/becoming-a-psychologist.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Psychiatrist", "http://www.collegeatlas.org/becoming-a-psychologist.html", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080424123713AAPwTiI", "http://www.gapmedics.com/blog/2013/12/30/how-to-become-a-psychiatrist-training-licensing-and-certification-requirements/", "http://www.capella.edu/online-psychology-degrees/FAQ/how-long-does-it-take-to-become-a-psychologist/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Psychiatrist" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Description: Lotteria is another brand of fast food outlets that can be found in South Korea. Having an outlet in almost every neighbourhood you can't miss these restaurants. They have menus of shrimp burger 새우 버거 (SaeWoo Burger) and squid burger 오징어 버거 (OhJingEo Burger) that can be ordered by Muslims. In 2011, me and a group of friends went on a backpacking trip to Seoul. We planned our own trip, reserved the accommodation and made the budget ourselves. The result from the research done for the trip is a whole lot of information that I think can be beneficial for others, especially Muslim travellers.", "Disclaimer: The site is not taking responsibility that all the food served in restaurants listed here will be 100% halal. Please take own c... Yang Good Korean BBQ Lamb Restaurant. Category: Restaurant-Halal Restaurant Nearest Subway Station: Yeoksam Station (Line 2) Distance from Subway Station: 289 meters (Exit... In 2011, me and a group of friends went on a backpacking trip to Seoul. We planned our own trip, reserved the accommodation and made the budget ourselves. The result from the research done for the trip is a whole lot of information that I think can be beneficial for others, especially Muslim travellers.", "Morinaga Animal shortening is used. Example in which shortening is not used are as follows: Choco Chip Cookie Yamazaki-Nabisco Animal shortening is contained in items indicated as just shortening. So all products are halal. Typical trade names are as follows: Pie-no-Mi Chococo Koala no March Meiji Vegetable shortening or the mixture of vegetable and fish shortening is used, s", "You do not have to look around the halal food restaurants because it is obviously difficult. NOT all neighborhoods offers halal food. It's better that you stick to Korean food that falls within the confines of halal food and there is plenty to choose from. I've short-listed Zen Kimchi's list here and have made some additions as well. Korea Tourism website has a very informative page on Korean food so check that out here.", "The first Lotteria restaurant in Myanmar was opened in Junction Square in Yangon in April 2013, with plans to open 24 more by 2016 from Yangon to Nay Pyi Taw. Along with the regular fare of chicken and burgers, Lotteria is offering dishes tailored to Myanmar consumers, such as chicken rice. Lotteria has followed the global fast-food trend of shifting towards health-conscious foods and rebranding its image. In the face of health trends, it eliminated trans fats from its French fries. It also introduced healthier menu items, such as a rye bread burger that totals only 350 calories.", "Lotteria is a chain of fast-food restaurants in East Asia that grew out of its first shop in Tokyo, Japan in September 1972. Lotteria has followed the global fast-food trend of shifting towards health-conscious foods and rebranding its image. In the face of health trends, it eliminated trans fats from its French fries. It also introduced healthier menu items, such as a rye bread burger that totals only 350 calories.", "Provided by Islamic Association of Nagoya. This is the halal list of items made by the result of inquiries at some food companies for the purpose of avoiding intake of haram meat and alcohol which are mixed in food. Regarding to fast foods, we confirmed whether they were contaminated with lard or other animal oil when they are cooked. 1 Mos Burger Though vegetable oil is used for cooking, fish and potatoes are fried together with pork and other meats. ( 2 HARAM). 3 Lotteria Vegetable oil is used for prawn hamburgers, potatoes and apple pies. 4 The shortening contained in the bread for hamburgers is made by only vegetable oil.", "List of Korean Food or HANSHIK that is HALAL in Korea. I thought I should put up a list of Korean food or Hanshik (한식) that Muslims in particular can eat at any restaurant across the length and breadth of South Korea. This list includes dishes that are served with seafood in it or are simply composed of rice and vegetables or noodles and vegetables. By the way, just to be on the safe side you can tell restaurant manager that: Gogi um-mou-go yeo! (I don't eat meat/ 저는 고기 안 먹어요). It's better that you stick to Korean food that falls within the confines of halal food and there is plenty to choose from. I've short-listed Zen Kimchi's list here and have made some additions as well. Korea Tourism website has a very informative page on Korean food so check that out here.", "Mc Donald The mixture of vegetable oil and beef fat is used. Lotteria Though vegetable oil is used for cooking, prawn hamburgers, potatoes and pies are fried together with pork and chicken. Mos Burger Though vegetable oil is used for cooking, fish and potatoes are fried together with pork. So all products are halal. Typical trade names are as follows: Pie-no-Mi Chococo Koala no March Meiji Vegetable shortening or the mixture of vegetable and fish shortening is used, s", "If you are planning to stay near Itaewon you won't face any problem looking for halal food. Itaewon is filled with halal restaurants, especially among the road heading to Seoul Grand Mosque. This site is therefore focusing on halal restaurants outside of Itaewon. Salam. I managed to get a guide book Seoul Dining-Soul Food of Seoul A Delicious Epicurean Journey published by Seoul Metropolitan Government. It is easily available for free at Itaewon Tourist Guide Center. There are guides on vegetarian and halal recommended restaurants." ], "url": [ "http://www.muslimbackpackerseoul.com/2012/05/lotteria.html", "http://www.muslimbackpackerseoul.com/2012/05/lotteria.html", "http://www.geocities.ws/miyazaki_msa/list_halal.htm", "http://sarahinsouthkorea.blogspot.com/2013/09/list-of-korean-food-that-is-halal.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotteria", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotteria", "http://pmij.us/islam-di-jepang/halal-haram/list-of-halal-food-in-japan.html", "http://sarahinsouthkorea.blogspot.com/2013/09/list-of-korean-food-that-is-halal.html", "http://www.geocities.ws/miyazaki_msa/list_halal.htm", "http://www.muslimbackpackerseoul.com/2012/05/halal-restaurants-in-seoul.html" ] }

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[ "1 You sneeze and have a runny nose, a mild cough, watery eyes, and sometimes a mild fever. \n2 The symptoms last from several days to 2 weeks. \n3 This is when you are most likely to spread the disease." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Symptoms of whooping cough may occur in three stages, especially in young children. Adults and older children may not follow this pattern of symptoms. In stage 1, symptoms are like those of a cold: 1 You sneeze and have a runny nose, a mild cough, watery eyes, and sometimes a mild fever. 2 The symptoms last from several days to 2 weeks. 3 This is when you are most likely to spread the disease.", "Adults and older children usually have milder symptoms than young children. How bad your symptoms are also depends on whether you've had the vaccine and how long ago it was. Symptoms of whooping cough usually last 6 to 10 weeks, but they may last longer. Adults and older children may not follow this pattern of symptoms. In stage 1, symptoms are like those of a cold: 1 You sneeze and have a runny nose, a mild cough, watery eyes, and sometimes a mild fever. 2 The symptoms last from several days to 2 weeks. 3 This is when you are most likely to spread the disease.", "Older children and adults commonly transmit pertussis to infants and young children. In infants, the disease can be particularly severe, even deadly; more than half of infants less than 1 year who get whooping cough end up requiring hospitalization. ", "Whooping cough often starts with cold or flulike symptoms – sneezing, runny nose, and a mild cough, which may last up to two weeks before the more severe coughing spells begin. Your child may also have a fever. Listen: Whooping cough with whoop. Listen: Whooping cough without whoop. ", "The disease usually starts with cold-like symptoms and maybe a mild cough or fever. In babies, the cough can be minimal or not even there. Babies may have a symptom known as apnea.. Apnea is a pause in the child's breathing pattern. Pertussis is most dangerous for babies. Learn more about pertussis complications. Early symptoms can last for 1 to 2 weeks and usually include: 1 Runny nose. 2 Low-grade fever (generally minimal throughout the course of the disease). 3 Mild, occasional cough. 4 Apnea – a pause in breathing (in babies).", "Signs and symptoms of whooping cough. The illness usually starts like a 'cold' with runny nose and a cough which is not like the spells of coughing later in the illness. After several days the long spells of coughing start, causing difficulty breathing during the spells. Whooping cough (pertussis). Whooping cough (also called pertussis) is an infection of the nose, throat and lungs which causes long bursts of coughing (up to several minutes long). In young children the coughing spell often ends in a 'whooping' noise when the child can finally take a breath in.", "Babies and Children. Pertussis (whooping cough) can cause serious and sometimes deadly complications in babies and young children, especially those who are not fully vaccinated. In babies younger than 1 year old who get pertussis, about half need care in the hospital. Espanol: Español. Complicaciones (pertussis whooping) cough can cause serious and sometimes deadly complications in babies and young, children especially those who are not fully.", "Espanol: Español signos y. Sintomas (síntomas pertussis) whooping cough can cause serious illness, in, babies, children teens. And adults symptoms of pertussis usually develop within 5 to 10 days after, being exposed but sometimes not for as long as. 3 weeks Learn more about pertussis complications. Early symptoms can last for 1 to 2 weeks and usually include: 1 Runny nose. 2 Low-grade fever (generally minimal throughout the course of the disease). 3 Mild, occasional cough. 4 Apnea – a pause in breathing (in babies).", "Pertussis (Whooping Cough). Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable respiratory disease. Pertussis most commonly affects infants and young children and can be fatal, especially in babies less than 1 year of age. Pertussis is caused by a bacteria found in the mouth, nose and throat of an infected person. Symptoms. Pertussis usually starts with cold or flu-like symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, fever and a mild cough. These symptoms can last up to 2 weeks and are followed by increasingly severe coughing spells.", "Adults and older children may not follow this pattern of symptoms. In stage 1, symptoms are like those of a cold: 1 You sneeze and have a runny nose, a mild cough, watery eyes, and sometimes a mild fever. 2 The symptoms last from several days to 2 weeks. 3 This is when you are most likely to spread the disease. " ], "url": [ "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/whooping_cough_pertussis-health/article_em.htm", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/whooping_cough_pertussis-health/article_em.htm", "http://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/pertussis-whooping-cough", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_whooping-cough-in-babies_10911.bc", "http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/about/signs-symptoms.html", "http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetails.aspx?p=114&np=303&id=1851", "http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/about/complications.html", "http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/about/signs-symptoms.html", "http://health.mo.gov/living/healthcondiseases/communicable/pertussis/", "http://www.webmd.com/children/tc/whooping-cough-pertussis-topic-overview" ] }

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[ "If he/she is too hungry and won't be able to concentrate that is very bad.He or she may not be able to afford the equipment they need for school, like calculator, notebooks, binder, pencils, and etc.he poor children doesn't get education because they can't afford to go. When they don't have money they can't afford to buy anything such as school supplies or pay for school fees." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It may also include lack of access to opportunities like education and employment which aid the escape of poverty. Problems in our society are interconnected in one way or the other, just like poverty and personal family problems affect a student’s capability to learn. Negative impacts of poverty on education. Just as a coin has got two sides, a head and a tail, poverty also, apart from having positive impacts on education, it does have negative impacts on the same. We have talked much about the positive face", "Education is largely affected by poverty. Many people living in poverty are unable to attend school from a very early age. Families may not be able to afford the necessary clothing or school supplies. The effects of poverty can be felt at every level of society — from the individual living in poverty to the political leader attempting to provide solutions. Whether it is health conditions or increased crime rates, poverty reaches just about every aspect of life.", "(Answer #22). Poverty does not have to have a negative impact on a child's education, but often times it does. A child growing up in poverty is exposed to some of the lowest facets of life. They may be products of young parents who dropped out of school, addicted to drugs, drug dealers, foster parents etc... The poor children doesn't get education because they can't afford to go. When they don't have money they can't afford to buy anything such as school supplies or pay for school fees. This is how poverty affects education. Everybody should try to help decrease poverty so that it wont affect their", "People who are lower, economically, have lower expectations for education,” says Neville. Poverty has an unseen effect on education, particularly on students’ diagnosis and progress. Students with learning disabilities are often diagnosed at a young age, and are occasionally misdiagnosed. ", "Considering also the fact that poverty is one of the forces that come in the way; blocking the success of education, we feel it rational to look at how the two realities, education and poverty, affect each other both positively and negatively. That is also why we are convinced that this topic is worth studying. Negative impacts of poverty on education. Just as a coin has got two sides, a head and a tail, poverty also, apart from having positive impacts on education, it does have negative impacts on the same. We have talked much about the positive face", "Not only does poverty encourage one to get educated, but also it helped in the introduction of free primary education. In Malawi, for instance, when Bakili Muluzi became president, he introduced free primary education and he had eliminated the requirements for school uniform forthwith (Kadzamira & Rose,2001) . Negative impacts of poverty on education. Just as a coin has got two sides, a head and a tail, poverty also, apart from having positive impacts on education, it does have negative impacts on the same. We have talked much about the positive face", "Poverty is something that is very bad, and should get help if the student is still learning. Poverty can affect the kid's education in many ways. If he/she is too hungry and won't be able to concentrate that is very bad. He or she may not be able to afford the equipment they need for school, like calculator, notebooks, binder, pencils, and etc. The poor children doesn't get education because they can't afford to go. When they don't have money they can't afford to buy anything such as school supplies or pay for school fees. This is how poverty affects education. Everybody should try to help decrease poverty so that it wont affect their", "Shutterstock. It's hard to argue that poverty does not affect education. It's hard to argue that children who come from homes where they may be wanting--wanting for food, for time, or for resources--don't enter the school door with a little less than others. They should also be provided with the academic supports they need to thrive and succeed in those courses. Poverty affects our education, our economy, and our future. It is becoming the norm, and we appear reluctant to address it.", "Effects of Poverty and Violence. The effect of poverty on terrorism is not as straightforward as the media often perceives it to be. Poverty fuels terrorism by creating a state of misery and frustration that pushes people to join terrorist organizations. But more research shows, it is more complicated. Issues like hunger, illness, and thirst are all causes and effects of poverty. That is to say, that not having food means being poor, but being poor also means being unable to afford food or clean water. The effects of poverty are often interrelated so that one problem rarely occurs alone.", "1 Poverty is both a cause and effect of insufficient access to quality education. 2 A 2003 study sponsored by the National Center for Children in Poverty found that in families whose income falls below 200 percent of the Federal Poverty Line children score far below average on reading, math and general knowledge tests. 1 A lack of education perpetuates poverty and breaking this cycle is key to overcoming persistent poverty in Georgia. 2 Data suggest that poverty affects increases the likelihood a student will not graduate high school and will miss more days of school than his or her more affluent counterpart." ], "url": [ "http://www.poemhunter.com/best-poems/innocent-masina-nkhonyo/the-impact-of-poverty-on-education/", "http://borgenproject.org/5-effects-poverty/", "http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/how-does-poverty-affect-education-391805", "http://bangordailynews.com/community/poverty-effects-education/", "http://www.poemhunter.com/best-poems/innocent-masina-nkhonyo/the-impact-of-poverty-on-education/", "http://www.poemhunter.com/best-poems/innocent-masina-nkhonyo/the-impact-of-poverty-on-education/", "http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/how-does-poverty-affect-education-391805", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/sean-slade/poverty-affects-education_b_7861778.html", "http://borgenproject.org/how-poverty-effects-society-children-and-violence/", "http://www.coveringpoverty.org/tutorials/education/" ] }

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[ "Juvenile diabetes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 This form was previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. 2 The cause is unknown. 3 Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. 4 As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop. 1 Type 1 DM results from the pancreas' failure to produce enough insulin. 2 This form was previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. 3 The cause is unknown.", "Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. 1 Type 1 DM results from the pancreas' failure to produce enough insulin. 2 This form was previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. 3 The cause is unknown.", "Other forms of diabetes mellitus include congenital diabetes, which is due to genetic defects of insulin secretion, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, steroid diabetes induced by high doses of glucocorticoids, and several forms of monogenic diabetes. 1 Type 1 DM results from the pancreas' failure to produce enough insulin. 2 This form was previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. 3 The cause is unknown.", "Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes (as it will be in this article) was first identified as a disease associated with sweet urine, and excessive muscle loss in the ancient world. Elevated levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia) lead to spillage of glucose into the urine, hence the term sweet urine. Normally, blood glucose levels are tightly controlled by insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin lowers the blood glucose level.", "Definition. Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced, so that glucose in the blood cannot be absorbed into the cells of the body. Symptoms include frequent urination, lethargy, excessive thirst, and hunger. Hypoglycemia — A condition where there is too little glucose or sugar in the blood. Insulin — A hormone or chemical produced by the pancreas, insulin is needed by cells of the body in order to use glucose (sugar), the body's main source of energy.", "The term diabetes is the shortened version of the full name diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is derived from the Greek word diabetes meaning siphon-to pass through and the Latin word mellitus meaning honeyed or sweet. This is because in diabetes excess sugar is found in blood as well as the urine. It was known in the 17th century as the “pissing evil”. It was in 1675 that Thomas Willis added the word “'mellitus'” to the word diabetes. This was because of the sweet taste of the urine. This sweet taste had been noticed in urine by the ancient Greeks, Chinese, Egyptians, Indians, and Persians as is evident from their literature.", "Diabetes mellitus type 1 (also known as type 1 diabetes, or T1D; formerly insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, while type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin deficiency, generally without insulin resistance. Another hallmark of type 1 diabetes is islet autoreactivity, which is generally measured by the presence of autoantibodies directed towards the beta cells.", "Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, leading to insulin deficiency. This type can be further classified as immune-mediated or idiopathic. 1 Type 1 DM results from the pancreas' failure to produce enough insulin. 2 This form was previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. 3 The cause is unknown." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus", "http://www.medicinenet.com/diabetes_mellitus/page2.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Diabetes+Mellitus", "http://www.news-medical.net/health/History-of-Diabetes.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" ] }

[]

[ "Spaniel" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Boykin Spaniel breed has evolved from this one dog, with crosses to American Water Spaniels, Springer Spaniels, Pointers and Chesapeake Bay Retrievers. It is used as a hardy retriever of upland birds as well as water fowl. Exercise. The Boykin Spaniel is a working dog and needs a lot of daily exercise, including a long, brisk daily walk, where the dog is heeling beside or behind you; never in front, as in a dog’s mind, pack leader goes first. They have a high drive and are very willing.", "The first Boykin Spaniel, or the precursor of today's breed, was reportedly a small, stray spaniel type dog that befriended a banker walking from his home to the First Presbyterian Church in Spartanburg, South Carolina around 1905-1910. Alexander L. White (1860-1942) liked the little dog and took it home. The Boykin Spaniel is only slightly larger than the English Cocker Spaniel but much heavier through the body width. Height at the withers for males ranges from 15.5 - 17 ins (39.4 - 43.18 cm) and weight 30 - 40 lbs (13.6 - 18.2 kg). Females are smaller, 14 - 16.5 ins (35 - 41.91 cm) and 25 - 35 lbs (11.4 - 15.9 kg).", "The Boykin Spaniel is a medium-sized hunting dog that originated in the United States and was developed in South Carolina to hunt various types of waterfowl. It is known by a handful of different names including the Boykin Spaniel, Boykin, Little Brown Dog, LBD and the Swamp Poodle. Dumpy was an excellent bird dog, which led Boykin to begin experimenting with crossbreeding of the dog to other types of hunting breeds. It is thought that Boykin used such hunting dogs as Springer Spaniels, Chesapeake Bay Retrievers, Cocker Spaniels and American Water Spaniels in his breeding program.", "Boykin Spaniel. The Boykin Spaniel dog breed is known for his hunting skills, but he makes just as good a companion to a family as to a hunter, thanks to his smarts and his friendly confidence. The family should be an active one, however; this dog needs lots of exercise. ", "The Boykin Spaniel has a Spaniel type head. The tail is docked. The waterproof coat is rather wavy or curly, but a smooth coat is acceptable (hunters care more about the dog’s hunting abilities than its coat type). Color is liver or brown. Exercise. The Boykin Spaniel is a working dog and needs a lot of daily exercise, including a long, brisk daily walk, where the dog is heeling beside or behind you; never in front, as in a dog’s mind, pack leader goes first. They have a high drive and are very willing.", "The Boykin Spaniel’s claim to fame is that he is the official state dog of South Carolina, a title he was given in 1984. The Boykin Spaniel is the product of his native South Carolina, specifically developed to hunt from small boats with little room for the typical large retriever. Hence, the Boykin, one of the smallest of the retrievers and a water dog par excellence. He weighs 25 to 40 pounds and has a wavy or curly coat", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Boykin Spaniel is a medium-sized breed of dog, a Spaniel bred for hunting wild turkeys and ducks in the Wateree River Swamp of South Carolina, in the United States. It is the state dog of South Carolina, where it was discovered and further developed by hunters in the 1900s. The Boykin Spaniel is only slightly larger than the English Cocker Spaniel but much heavier through the body width. Height at the withers for males ranges from 15.5 - 17 ins (39.4 - 43.18 cm) and weight 30 - 40 lbs (13.6 - 18.2 kg). Females are smaller, 14 - 16.5 ins (35 - 41.91 cm) and 25 - 35 lbs (11.4 - 15.9 kg).", "Boykin Spaniel Appearance. Boykin is dog that is rather larger than the cocker spaniel with little but high set ears coated in long and wavy hairs. Muzzle of the breed is straight. Boykin spaniel possesses a head like Spaniel type dogs and a docked tail. Coat is water proof a bit wavy or curly, but sleek coat is also acceptable, coat colors include brown or liver." ], "url": [ "http://www.dogbreedinfo.com/boykinspaniel.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boykin_Spaniel", "https://www.petpremium.com/dog-breeds/boykin-spaniel/", "http://dogtime.com/dog-breeds/boykin-spaniel", "http://www.dogbreedinfo.com/boykinspaniel.htm", "http://www.vetstreet.com/dogs/boykin-spaniel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boykin_Spaniel", "http://www.dogbreedplus.com/dog_breeds/boykin_spaniel.php" ] }

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[ "No, but safety should be your concern when take" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "CRESTOR is a prescription medicine that contains a cholesterol-lowering medicine called rosuvastatin calcium. CRESTOR is used along with diet to: 1 lower the level of your “bad” cholesterol (LDL). 2 increase the level of your “good” cholesterol (HDL). 3 lower the level of fat in your blood (triglycerides).", "She was taking Crestor for her cholesterol. Safety should be your concern when taking Crestor. Patients more at risk for muscle injury include Asians and Asian Americans, people taking cyclosporine, or people with severe kidney or liver failure or damage. The history of Crestor is fraught with problems.", "A: Crestor (rosuvastatin) is a statin, a class of medications used to lower cholesterol and to prevent cardiovascular disease. Common side effects with Crestor include headache, myalgia, abdominal pain, weakness, nausea.", "Using Crestor — and all statins — safely. Some simple steps can help minimize or avoid muscle problems from these cholesterol-lowering drugs. If you take Crestor (rosuvastatin), the cholesterol-lowering statin, the summer of 2005 may have felt like deja déjà vu all over. again", "A: Crestor (rosuvastatin) is a statin medication used to treat high cholesterol. The most common side effects with Crestor are muscle pain, constipation and sore throat. Other side effects with Crestor include joint pain, and weakness This is not a complete list of the side effects associated with Crestor.", "The risk of muscle damage leading to rhabdomyolysis during treatment with rosuvastatin may be increased when it is used together with other cholesterol-lowering drugs and cyclosporine (NEORAL, SANDIMMUNE), a drug used after transplantation to prevent organ rejection.", "Crestor is available as a generic termed rosuvastatin or rosuvastatin calcium. Side effects of Crestor include headache, depression, muscle aches or pains, joint pain, sleep problems (insomnia or nightmares), constipation, nausea, stomach pain, indigestion, or diarrhea.", "FDA ALERT [03/2005]: Rhabdomyolysis (serious muscle damage) has been reported in patients taking Crestor as well as other statin drugs. To date, it does not appear that the risk is greater with Crestor than with other marketed statins." ], "url": [ "http://www.rxlist.com/crestor-drug/medication-guide.htm", "http://www.adrugrecall.com/crestor/safety/", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/crestor", "http://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/using_crestor_and_all_statins_safely", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/crestor", "http://www.worstpills.org/public/crestor.cfm", "http://www.rxlist.com/crestor-side-effects-drug-center.htm", "http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm124906.htm" ] }

[]

[ "Scott Joplin" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Uncertain. Died: April 1, 1917 in New York, New York. Also Known As: Scott Joplin is known as the King of ragtime.. He was a composer, educator, pianist, cornetist (played first cornet for the Queen City Cornet Band), founder and member of the vocal group Texas Medley Quartette. Some of his works, including a musical and a symphony, are lost. ", "The African-American composer and pianist, Scott Joplin (1867/68-1917), is America’s preeminent ragtime composer. He did not create the genre but raised it from the dance halls in red light districts to respectable homes and, ultimately, the concert stage. ", "(1868-1917). Scott Joplin, the King of Ragtime music, was born near Linden, Texas on November 24, 1868. He moved with his family to Texarkana at the age of about seven. Even at this early age, Joplin demonstrated his extraordinary talent for music.", "Scott Joplin (between July 1867 and January 1868 - April 1, 1917) was an Afro-American composer and pianist, born near Texarkana, Texas, into the first post-slavery generation … . He achieved fame for his unique ragtime compositions, and was dubbed the King of Ragtime.. The Jim Crow Era was a post of the civil war Ragtime Music The mai … n instrument used is the piano It was most popular between 1897-1918 The most famous rag-time composers were: Scott Joplin, Joseph Lamb, James Scott.", "Scott Joplin (1868-1917) was known as the “King of Ragtime,” but he also composed classical works. His opera “Treemonisha” has been performed by the Gunther Schuller and the Houston Grand Opera. ", "Composer information. Scott Joplin: Scott Joplin, known as the King of Ragtime Music, was born near Linden, Texas on Nov. 24, 1868. He and his family moved to Texarkana when he was around seven years old. He studied banjo and piano as a youth and took harmony and composition lessons with Julius Weiss.", "Scott Joplin (c.1867-1917) is known as the King of Ragtime.. One of the earliest African-American composers to have his works published, Joplin brought a classical sensibility to ragtime, which had served as music for popular entertainment rather than as art music. Although he is best known for his piano rags, he also wrote several songs and the opera Treemonisha.", "Scott Joplin was the composer of the Maple Leaf Rag, and was otherwise regarded as the king of ragtime. Another interesting fact about Mr. Joplin is that he held most of his … event's entrance cost at one cent, hence the name Penny Rag. Scott Joplin (between July 1867 and January 1868 - April 1, 1917) was an Afro-American composer and pianist, born near Texarkana, Texas, into the first post-slavery generation … . He achieved fame for his unique ragtime compositions, and was dubbed the King of Ragtime..", "Scott Joplin was the composer of the Maple Leaf Rag, and was otherwise regarded as the king of ragtime. Another interesting fact about Mr. Joplin is that he held most of his … event's entrance cost at one cent, hence the name Penny Rag. 1 person found this useful. The Jim Crow Era was a post of the civil war Ragtime Music The mai … n instrument used is the piano It was most popular between 1897-1918 The most famous rag-time composers were: Scott Joplin, Joseph Lamb, James Scott." ], "url": [ "http://musiced.about.com/od/20thcentury/p/joplin.htm", "http://www.cmuse.org/scott-joplin-composer-pianist-and-king-of-ragtime/", "http://www.lsjunction.com/people/joplin.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_was_known_was_king_of_ragtime", "http://www.blackpast.org/perspectives/black-composers-and-musicians-classical-music-history", "http://www.cfa.arizona.edu/sturman/sturmansoundfiles/music109soundfiles/CD001soundfiles/CD001-links/Sturman-00104.html", "http://www.amclassical.com/joplin.shtml", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_was_a_famous_writer_of_piano_music_known_as_king_of_ragtime", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_was_known_was_king_of_ragtime" ] }

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[ "1 Submit a completed application, electronic fingerprints, and appropriate fee. 2 Pass the Florida Real Estate Sales Associate Examination with a grade of at least 75 or pass the Florida Real Estate Law Exam with a grade of at least 30. 3 Activate the license, otherwise the license is issued in an inactive status real Estate Associate." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Compliance with the education requirements is handled by taking a random audit of individuals. For either a sales associate or broker to renew a real estate license in Florida, the fee is $65.00. For a broker to renew a license the fee is $72.50. It is possible for this experience to be in a different state. The applicant for a broker license must also complete 72 classroom hours of specific Florida real estate courses. Each course is valid for two years. Those who are disabled may qualify for a correspondence pre-licensing course.", "Answers. Best Answer: As far as the work permit, you would need to contact the State Dept: http://www.uscis.gov/graphics/howdoi/ead... For becoming a realtor in Florida, you would need to complete a state of florida approved real estate course to acquire your license. The State of Florida website has a form to contact approved course providers: http://www.stateofflorida.com/Portal/Des... Submit a completed RE 2050-1 form to activate the license, otherwise the license is issued in an inactive status. If you want to immediately begin working as a real estate sales associate, submit the completed RE 2050-1 form at the examination site.", "The Florida Real Estate Commission administers and enforces the real estate laws of the state that affect all aspects of a Florida real estate license. The requirements to become a real estate agent in Florida include being at least 18 years of age and having a high school diploma or its equivalent. Arrest and police history needs to be provided, plus fingerprints that are no older than 60 days. It is possible for this experience to be in a different state. The applicant for a broker license must also complete 72 classroom hours of specific Florida real estate courses. Each course is valid for two years. Those who are disabled may qualify for a correspondence pre-licensing course.", "4. Apply for your license. Submit a completed application to the Florida Real Estate Commission. This application must include your electronic fingerprints, and appropriate fee to the Florida Real Estate Commission. Warnings. 1 State regulations are always subject to change. 2 It is illegal in Florida to offer a money back guarantee that you'll pass the Florida Real Estate Sales Associate Examination.", "The applicant for a real estate broker license in Florida must already hold an active sales associate license and have actively completed at least 12 months of real estate experience during the 5 year period preceding his application. It is possible for this experience to be in a different state. The applicant for a broker license must also complete 72 classroom hours of specific Florida real estate courses. Each course is valid for two years. Those who are disabled may qualify for a correspondence pre-licensing course.", "1 State regulations are always subject to change. 2 Be sure to confirm that the steps set forth by the Florida Real Estate Commission have not changed. 3 It is illegal in Florida to offer a money back guarantee that you'll pass the Florida Real Estate Sales Associate Examination. Warnings. 1 State regulations are always subject to change. 2", "Apply for licensure through the Florida Division of Real Estate (see Resources). To activate your license, you must submit form RE-2050-1, found on the Florida Division of Real Estate website. Work as a licensed Sales Associate for 24 months for a licensed Broker who is also a Realtor. Tips & Warnings. 1 In Florida, the term Realtor is a special term, signified by real estate brokers who have been accepted by the Florida Association of Realtors to use the term in association with their name.", "1 Submit a completed application, electronic fingerprints, and appropriate fee. 2 Pass the Florida Real Estate Sales Associate Examination with a grade of at least 75 or pass the Florida Real Estate Law Exam with a grade of at least 30. 3 Activate the license, otherwise the license is issued in an inactive status. Real Estate Associate. 1 Successfully complete a FREC-approved pre-licensing course for sales associates consisting of 63 classroom-hours and covering the topics required by the FREC. 2 The course is valid for licensure purposes for 2 years after the course completion date.", "Pass the Broker examination. Once you become a licensed Broker in Florida, you can apply to the Florida Association of Realtors to use the term Realtor, with the trademark symbol, next to your name in professional settings, designating your status within the real estate profession in Florida. Tips & Warnings. 1 In Florida, the term Realtor is a special term, signified by real estate brokers who have been accepted by the Florida Association of Realtors to use the term in association with their name.", "1 Be sure to confirm that the steps set forth by the Florida Real Estate Commission have not changed. 2 It is illegal in Florida to offer a money back guarantee that you'll pass the Florida Real Estate Sales Associate Examination. 3 If a company offers this to you, stay clear. Warnings. 1 State regulations are always subject to change" ], "url": [ "http://www.mortgagenewsdaily.com/real_estate_license/Florida.asp", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=1006052405506", "http://www.mortgagenewsdaily.com/real_estate_license/Florida.asp", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Licensed-Real-Estate-Agent-in-Florida", "http://www.mortgagenewsdaily.com/real_estate_license/Florida.asp", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Licensed-Real-Estate-Agent-in-Florida", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4550685_become-realtor-florida.html", "http://www.myfloridalicense.com/dbpr/re/licensureinformation.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_4550685_become-realtor-florida.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Licensed-Real-Estate-Agent-in-Florida" ] }

[]

[ "Regularly" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. You're losing money if the fridge is lower than 37-40 degrees or the freezer is lower than 0-5 degrees. To check the temperature, put one thermometer in a class of water at the center of your refrigerator and another between packages in the greezer. Read them after 24 hours. - Temperatures can vary between day and night as we open fridge doors more during the day, raising the temperature inside. It can take up to half an hour for a fridge to regain its correct temperature, so check how often you leave the door open when you unpack your groceries.", "Also, if your going to change the temperature in your refrigerator, only move it one number a day (either warmer or colder). Refrigerators have a small compressor, and it will take a day to adjust to the new temperature that you set it at. Source(s): HVAC&R AND APPLIANCE TECH. Best Answer: You probably go into the refrigerator several times a day. You will notice any warmer temperatures. Now, having said that, there are times that your refrigerator will go into automatic defrost, this is normal.", "1 If you do lose power, keep the doors to your fridge and freezer closed as much as possible to keep foods cold. 2 Before using any foods, check your refrigerator and freezer thermometers. 3 If the fridge is still at or below 40 °F, or the food has been above 40 °F for only two hours or less, it should be safe to eat. Even when your refrigerator and freezer are chilling foods at the right temperatures, and you've followed all the other rules for safe storage, there are limits to how long you can safely store foods in the refrigerator. (Foods will stay safe indefinitely in the freezer, but quality/taste of the food may be affected.).", "1 A fridge should have a temperature of between 37°F(3°C) and 40°F (5°C). 2 Any higher and the food will go off, any lower and you’ll lose nutrients and fresh food can be ruined. The Knowhow. 1 A fridge should have a temperature of between 37°F(3°C) and 40°F (5°C). 2 Any higher and the food will go off, any lower and you’ll lose nutrients and fresh food can be ruined. 3 The ideal freezer temperature is 0°F (-18°C) which will store food safely and stop bacteria forming.", "When it comes to protecting yourself and your family from foodborne illness, one of your most effective tools is the kitchen refrigerator. In fact, at room temperature, the numbers of bacteria that cause foodborne sickness can double every 20 minutes! Even when your refrigerator and freezer are chilling foods at the right temperatures, and you've followed all the other rules for safe storage, there are limits to how long you can safely store foods in the refrigerator. (Foods will stay safe indefinitely in the freezer, but quality/taste of the food may be affected.).", "To measure the temperature: 1 Fridge: put the thermometer in a glass of water. 2 Check the temperature during the first door opening after not using the fridge for 8 hours or more (such as overnight). 3 Freezer: put thermometer between two bags of vegetables and as above check after 8 hours or more. The Knowhow. 1 A fridge should have a temperature of between 37°F(3°C) and 40°F (5°C). 2 Any higher and the food will go off, any lower and you’ll lose nutrients and fresh food can be ruined. 3 The ideal freezer temperature is 0°F (-18°C) which will store food safely and stop bacteria forming.", "Temperature control: food safety tips. Use a fridge thermometer to check the temperature of your fridge regularly. The coldest part of the fridge should be between 0 degrees Celcius and 5 degrees Celcius (32 degrees Fahrenheit and 41 degrees Fahrenheit). 1 aim to keep the coldest part of your fridge between 0 degrees Celcius and 5 degrees Celcius (32 degrees Fahrenheit and 41 degrees Fahrenheit). 2 keep a fridge thermometer in the coldest part and check the temperatur", "1 Fridge: put the thermometer in a glass of water. 2 Check the temperature during the first door opening after not using the fridge for 8 hours or more (such as overnight). 3 Freezer: put thermometer between two bags of vegetables and as above check after 8 hours or more. The Knowhow. 1 A fridge should have a temperature of between 37°F(3°C) and 40°F (5°C). 2 Any higher and the food will go off, any lower and you’ll lose nutrients and fresh food can be ruined. 3 The ideal freezer temperature is 0°F (-18°C) which will store food safely and stop bacteria forming.", "In order to keep food out of the Danger Zone, your fridge must be set between 32-40° F (0-4 degrees Celsius). Your freezer must be below 32° F (0° Celsius). I keep mine as cold as it will go. Keep your freezer efficient by half-filling it with bottles of water. " ], "url": [ "https://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070330012430AANFJgG", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070411231415AAmTTtw", "http://www.fda.gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm253954.htm", "https://knowhow.com/article.dhtml?articleReference=786&country=uk", "http://www.fda.gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm253954.htm", "https://knowhow.com/article.dhtml?articleReference=786&country=uk", "http://northdevon.gov.uk/business/food-hygiene-and-safety/food-safety-tips/temperature-control/", "https://knowhow.com/article.dhtml?articleReference=786&country=uk", "http://lifehacker.com/what-temperature-should-you-keep-your-refrigerator-set-533534221" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If you think about it, although school is very important, it does not really take up very much of a child's time. In the United States, the school year averages 180 days; in other nations, the school year can last up to 240 days and students are often in school more hours per day than American students.", "Helping your child become a reader is the single most important thing that you can do to help the child to succeed in schooland in life. The importance of reading simply can't be overstated. Reading helps children in all school subjects.", "A: If you want to become a nurse practitioner the first thing to do is to enroll in a four year bachelors of nursing program. These programs are offered by educational institutes but also by various health care facilities.", "Expense. Time. Family. Weigh the factors that go into your decision to become a doctor. If you are struggling with whether or not medicine is right for you, the first thing to do is take a realistic look at what it takes to get there and what the job of becoming a doctor in the United States is actually like. Many factors must be considered when making the decision.", "“And you know,” said Obama, “I didn’t know what to tell him. But it is the right thing to do, to provide age-appropriate sex education, science-based sex education in the schools.”. ABCNews.com published a story about what Obama told Planned Parenthood." ], "url": [ "http://www2.ed.gov/parents/academic/help/succeed/part4.html", "http://www2.ed.gov/parents/academic/help/succeed/part4.html", "http://www.excite.com/education/nursing/careers/how-to-become-a-nurse-practitioner", "http://www.mommd.com/toughdecision.shtml", "http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/obama-sex-ed-kindergartners-right-thing-do" ] }

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[ "Frederick county" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Weichert Realtors is one of the nation's leading providers of Ijamsville, Maryland real estate for sale and home ownership services. Contact Weichert today to buy or sell real estate in Ijamsville, MD.", "The Preserve at Windsor Knolls is in Ijamsville, MD, located between I-270 and I-70, making both Baltimore and Washington, DC, easily accessible. Up the road is Urbana with its local schools, restaurants and stores. Frederick is close as well, and you can pick up groceries or stroll the town’s famous historic downtown.", "(December 2009). Ijamsville (pronunciation: /ˈaɪəmzvɪl/ EYE-əmz-vil) is an unincorporated community located 7 miles southeast of Frederick, Maryland, in Frederick County, Maryland, United States.", "Ijamsville (GNIS FID: 585127) is a populated place located in Frederick County at latitude 39.36 and longitude -77.323. The elevation is 348 feet. Ijamsville appears on the Urbana U.S. Geological Survey Map. Frederick County is in the Eastern Time Zone (UTC -5 hours). Frederick County: Cities & Towns | ZIP Codes | Schools | Features (airports, churches, hospitals, etc.", "Ijamsville, Frederick County, Maryland Land for Sale. Looking for rural homes and land for sale in Ijamsville, Frederick County, Maryland? LandWatch.com has thousands of rural properties in Ijamsville, Frederick County, Maryland, including hunting & fishing properties, cabins, Land for sale and land auctions. Choose from small acreage lots to massive 500+ acre estates.", "Local news for Ijamsville, MD continually updated from thousands of sources on the web." ], "url": [ "http://www.weichert.com/MD/Frederick/Ijamsville/", "http://www.nvhomes.com/neighborhoods/md/frederick/ijamsville/windsor-knolls", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijamsville,_Maryland", "http://maryland.hometownlocator.com/md/frederick/ijamsville.cfm", "http://www.landwatch.com/Maryland_land_for_sale/Ijamsville", "http://www.topix.com/city/ijamsville-md" ] }

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[ "Tonsil cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, which arise in the lining tissues of the mouth, although it is possible for lymphoma (a type of immune system cancer) to develop in the tonsils" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Tonsils have on their surface specialized antigen capture cells called M cells that allow for the uptake of antigens produced by pathogens. These M cells then alert the underlying B cells and T cells in the tonsil that a pathogen is present and an immune response is stimulated. A tonsillolith is material that accumulates on the tonsil. They can range up to the size of a peppercorn and are white/cream in color. The main substance is mostly calcium, but they have a strong unpleasant odor because of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan and other chemicals.", "Cancer of the tonsil has been linked to a virus called human papilloma virus (HPV) . There are a number of different types of HPV. Some cause warts on the genital area or skin. Other types increase the risk of some types of cancer including cancer of the cervix, vagina, vulva, penis and anus. ", "Symptoms of tonsil cancer include a sore at the back of the throat that does not heal, or one tonsil that is bigger than the other. It may or may not be painful. Tonsil cancer is known to cause bleeding, bad breath, or altered taste. Most tonsil cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, which arise in the lining tissues of the mouth, although it is possible for lymphoma (a type of immune system cancer) to develop in the tonsils. Smoking is the most common risk factor for squamous cell carcinomas of the tonsils", "Tonsils are collections of lymphoid tissue facing into the aerodigestive tract. The set of lymphatic tissue known as Waldeyer's tonsillar ring includes the adenoid tonsil, two tubal tonsils, two palatine tonsils, and the lingual tonsil. A tonsillolith is material that accumulates on the tonsil. They can range up to the size of a peppercorn and are white/cream in color. The main substance is mostly calcium, but they have a strong unpleasant odor because of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan and other chemicals.", "A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages. B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood. C) T cells are the precursors of B cells. D) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue. B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.", "Tonsil Anatomy. To understand the process of tonsil regeneration, you need to have some awareness of the tonsil anatomy. You have two palatine tonsils located in your throat, as well as lingual tonsils located at the base of your tongue-these tonsils are composed of lymphoid tissue. While this surgery is decidedly less extreme than a full tonsillectomy, it guarantees that tonsil tissue will be deliberately left behind during the procedure. The portion of tonsil tissue leftover from a partial tonsillectomy has the ability to regenerate, so that you get back the tonsils you attempted to eliminate.", "The palatine tonsils are dense compact bodies of lymphoid tissue that are located in the lateral wall of the oropharynx, bounded by the palatoglossus muscle anteriorly and the palatopharyngeus and superior constrictor muscles posteriorly and laterally. The adenoid is a median mass of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. ", "The tonsils are a group of lymphoid tissues in the throat. Lymphoid tissue helps protect the body against infection. The throat contains three types of tonsils: the pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) in the back of the throat, the palatine tonsils on the sides of the throat, and the lingual tonsils on the base of the tongue. Cancer of the tonsils usually involves the palatine tonsils. ", "15) Select the correct statement about lymphocytes. A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages. B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood. C) T cells are the precursors of B cells. D) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue. back 15. B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsil", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/rare-cancers/rare-cancers-name/tonsil-cancer", "http://www.healthgrades.com/conditions/tonsil-cancer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsil", "http://www.easynotecards.com/notecard_set/2154", "http://tonsilstoneshelper.com/why-do-tonsils-grow-back/", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899367-overview", "https://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Programs-and-Services/Head-and-Neck-Cancer-Center/Treatment/Tonsil-Cancer-Treatment.aspx", "http://www.easynotecards.com/print_cards/2154" ] }

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[ "The Geiger counter" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "A survey meter is a portable handheld, electronic instrument used to detect radiation, often called a “Geiger counter”. Choosing a Survey Meter Portable survey instruments can be very useful in aiding workers in locating radioactive contamination. ", "5.0 RADIATION MONITORING SURVEY INSTRUMENTS Radiation survey instruments are used to detect potential radiation hazards, measure radiation intensities, monitor the effectiveness of shielding arrangements, and estimate exposure to personnel. There are two main categories of radiation monitoring devices: gas filled detectors and scintillation detectors. The kind of detector used is based on the intensity and the type of radiation field encountered. Scintillation detectors operate on the principle that certain materials scintillate or give off light when exposed to radiation. There are two major types of scintillation detectors, crystal and liquid.", "The most common type of radiation detector is a Geiger-Mueller (GM) tube, also called a Geiger counter. Using a Typical Geiger-Mueller (GM) Counter to Survey. Get the GM counter and batteries from storage; prepare the instrument and determine background level. -- Pay particular attention to hands, face and feet. -- Note that some GM instruments cannot detect alpha radiation and some low-energy beta radiation. Because alpha radiation is non-penetrating, it cannot be detected through even a thin film of water, blood, dirt, clothing, or through probe cover.", "Pyro helio meter is used to measure the radiation right from Sun and there by we can find the solar constant. Geiger muller counter is used to measure the radiation such as gamma, x ray other radiations coming out of radio active nuclei. Thermo pile is used to detect and measure the heat radiations fallen. There are many different devices used to detect nuclear radiation, though the most famous is probably the Geiger counter. A Geiger counter uses a tube filled with an inert g … as (e.g. helium, neon, or argon) which becomes briefly conductive when struck by beta particles or gamma rays", "SURVEY INSTRUMENTS. Radiation survey instruments are used to detect potential radiation hazards, measure radiation intensities, monitor the effectiveness of shielding arrangements, and estimate exposure to personnel. There are two main categories of radiation monitoring devices: gas filled detectors and scintillation detectors. The kind of detector used is based on the intensity and the type of radiation field encountered. Scintillation detectors operate on the principle that certain materials scintillate or give off light when exposed to radiation. There are two major types of scintillation detectors, crystal and liquid.", "An electroscope is an early scientific instrument that is used to detect the presence and magnitude of electric charge on a body. It was the first electrical measuring instrument. A type of electroscope is also used in the quartz fiber radiation dosimeter. Electroscopes were used by the Austrian scientist Victor Hess in the discovery of cosmic rays. Electroscopes detect electric charge by the motion of a test object due to the Coulomb electrostatic force.", "The Geiger counter, is an instrument used for measuring ionizing radiation used widely in such applications as radiation dosimetry, radiological protection, experimental physics and the nuclear industry. Geiger counters are widely used to detect gamma radiation, and for this the windowless tube is used. However, efficiency is generally low due to the poor interaction of gamma rays compared with alpha and beta particles. For instance, a chrome steel G-M tube is only about 1% efficient over a wide range of energies" ], "url": [ "http://www.rso.wsu.edu/on-line-training/Radiation%20safety%20training%20survey%20meters.pps", "http://www2.bakersfieldcollege.edu/erp/Xray/chp5.htm", "https://orise.orau.gov/reacts/guide/detect.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_instruments_are_used_to_detect_radiation", "http://www2.bakersfieldcollege.edu/erp/Xray/chp5.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroscope", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geiger_counter" ] }

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[ "It is a sociological perspective that is influential in many areas of the sociological discipline." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "symbolic interactionism. (noun) The theory that society is possible because of the shared meanings and social patterns created during social interactions. Audio Pronunciation: (sym·bo·lic in·ter·act·ion·ism). Download Audio Pronunciation: symbolic interactionism.mp3. Usage Notes: ", "Herbert Blumer, a student and interpreter of Mead, coined the term symbolic interactionism and put forward an influential summary of the perspective: people act toward things based on the meaning those things have for them, and these meanings are derived from social interaction and modified through interpretation. The term symbolic interactionism has come into use as a label for a relatively distinctive approach to the study of human life and human conduct (Blumer, 1969). With Symbolic interactionism, reality is seen as social, developed interaction with others.", "Definition of INTERACTIONISM. 1. : a theory that mind and body are distinct and interact causally upon one another — compare double-aspect theory, psychophysical parallelism. 2. : a theory that derives social processes (conflict, competition, cooperation) from human interaction. ADVERTISEMENT. ", "Interactions. Interactionism is micro-sociological and believes that meaning is produced through the interactions of individuals. The social interaction is a face-to-face process consisting of actions, reactions, and mutual adaptation between two or more individuals. It also includes animal interaction such as mating. ", "Symbolic interactionism is the study of the relationship between self and society that focuses on the symbolic processes of communication between participants. There are several varieties of symbolic interactionism with different approaches to empirical research and different epistemological presuppositions. Symbolic interactionism assumes that actions and self identity are determined by interaction with other people. Symbolic interactionism attempts to identify people's meanings and how the interactive process impacts on the the meanings people have and the subsequent actions that they take.", "Symbolic interactionism is a sociological perspective that is influential in many areas of the sociological discipline. It is particularly important in microsociology and social psychology. Symbolic interactionism is derived from American pragmatism and particularly from the work of George Herbert Mead. The term symbolic interactionism has come into use as a label for a relatively distinctive approach to the study of human life and human conduct (Blumer, 1969). With Symbolic interactionism, reality is seen as social, developed interaction with others.", "Symbolic Interactionism. Symbolic interactionism is a sociological perspective on self and society based on the ideas of George H. Mead (1934), Charles H. Cooley (1902), W. I. Thomas (1931), and other pragmatists associated, primarily, with the University of Chicago in the early twentieth century. ", "_________________________________________________________________. Symbolic interactionism. core definition. Symbolic interactionis m is an approach to sociology that focuses on interpreting the meanings that people develop through their interaction with others. Symbolic interactionism assumes that actions and self identity are determined by interaction with other people. Symbolic interactionism attempts to identify people's meanings and how the interactive process impacts on the the meanings people have and the subsequent actions that they take.", "Symbolic interactionism was developed by thinkers such George Herbert Mead and Herbert Blumer in the 20th century. Mead believed that one's self develops through social interactions. Moreover, how people communicate and interact with each other depends on how they interpret factors such as language, actions, and statuses (potential symbols).", "Symbolic interactionism is a school of thought in sociology that explains social behavior in terms of how people interact with each other via symbols; in this view, social structures are best understood in terms of such individual interactions. Mead believed that one's self develops through social interactions. Moreover, how people communicate and interact with each other depends on how they interpret factors such as language, actions, and statuses (potential symbols)." ], "url": [ "http://sociologydictionary.org/symbolic-interactionism/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_interactionism", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interactionism", "http://www.academicroom.com/topics/what-is-interactionism", "http://www.qualityresearchinternational.com/socialresearch/symbolicinteractionism.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_interactionism", "http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Symbolic_Interactionism.aspx", "http://www.qualityresearchinternational.com/socialresearch/symbolicinteractionism.htm", "http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/definitions/symbolic-interactionism-49", "http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/definitions/symbolic-interactionism-49" ] }

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[ "In the retail environment, merchandise is classified according to the category into which it falls.These categories include hard or durable goods such as appliances, furniture, electronic goods and sports equipment; food; and soft goods or consumables.rice.", "Retailing is a distribution channel function where one organization buys products from supplying firms or manufactures the product themselves, and then sells these directly to consumers." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Retailing is a distribution channel function where one organization buys products from supplying firms or manufactures the product themselves, and then sells these directly to consumers. A retailer is a reseller (i.e., obtains product from one party in order to sell to another) from which a consumer purchases products. In the US alone there are over 1,100,000 retailers according to the 2002 US Census of Retail Trade. In the majority of retail situations, the organization from which a consumer makes purchases is a reseller of products obtained from others and not the product manufacturer. As a reseller, retailers offer many benefits to suppliers and customers as we discussed in the Distribution Decisions tutorial. For consumers the most important benefits relate to the ability to purchase small quantities of a wide assortment of products at prices that are considered reasonably affordable.", "A definition of retail marketing includes the places where it occurs, such as in-store, online and points of sale. This also applies to non-store operations such as retail sales taking place from the business owner's home. Related Reading: Importance of Retail Marketing. Price. Pricing is a major aspect of any retail marketing strategy. The price of merchandise helps to define the methods of retail marketing employed, as well as the target market, store location and retail format used to sell it.", "After studying this unit, you should be able to: 1 define retailing. 2 understand what marketing means to business executives and academics. 3 understand the ways that retailers use marketing tools and techniques to interact with their customers. Activity 1 asks you to draw on your own shopping experiences to come up with your definition of retailing and Activity 2 asks you to determine whether there are differences between the retailers with which you shop. In Section 1 of this unit we will explore the following: 1 creating a definition of", "Retail Marketing consists of the sale of goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store. Marketing is everything you do to place your product or servic … e in the hands of potential customers. ", "shopping spree image by MAXFX from Fotolia.com. Retail marketing is comprised of the activities related to selling products directly to consumers through channels such as stores, malls, kiosks, vending machines or other fixed locations, according to the Free Dictionary. Retail marketing is comprised of the activities related to selling products directly to consumers through channels such as... 1 Definition of Point of Sale Marketing.", "Definition of Retail Marketing. Retail marketing is comprised of the activities related to selling products directly to consumers through channels such as... 1 Wholesale Buying Vs. 2 Retail Buying. Retail marketing is comprised of the activities related to selling products directly to consumers through channels such as... 1 Definition of Point of Sale", "This is different from other types of marketing because of the components of the retail trade, such as selling finished goods in small quantities to the consumer or end user, usually from a fixed location. Price. Pricing is a major aspect of any retail marketing strategy. The price of merchandise helps to define the methods of retail marketing employed, as well as the target market, store location and retail format used to sell it.", "The cornerstone of the retail marketing definition is the product. In the retail environment, merchandise is classified according to the category into which it falls. These categories include hard or durable goods such as appliances, furniture, electronic goods and sports equipment; food; and soft goods or consumables. Price. Pricing is a major aspect of any retail marketing strategy. The price of merchandise helps to define the methods of retail marketing employed, as well as the target market, store location and retail format used to sell it.", "The Definition of Multi-Channel Retailing. Multi-channel retailing gives consumers a choice of buying options. Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images. Multi-channel retailing is a marketing strategy that offers your customers a choice of ways to buy products. A true multi-channel strategy covers purchases from a store, purchases from a website, telephone ordering, mail orders, interactive television, catalog ordering and comparison shopping sites. The aim of a multi-channel retailing strategy is to maximize revenue and loyalty by offering your customers choice and convenience." ], "url": [ "http://www.knowthis.com/retailing/what-is-retailing", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/definition-retail-marketing-40196.html", "http://www.open.edu/openlearn/money-management/management/business-studies/retail-marketing/content-section-1", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_definition_of_retail_marketing", "http://www.ehow.com/about_6401557_definition-retail-marketing.html", "http://www.ehow.com/about_6401557_definition-retail-marketing.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/definition-retail-marketing-40196.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/definition-retail-marketing-40196.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/definition-multichannel-retailing-20263.html" ] }

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[ "Yes", "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Dominican Republic is a densely populated country in the Caribbean that shares the island of Hispaniola with Haiti. Under the Regional REDD Programme in Central America and the Dominican Republic, representatives from the Ministry for environment and natural resources and forest managers have participated in a number workshop on safeguards.", "It is estimated that the forest cover in the Dominican Republic was about 40,000 km2 at the start of the twentieth century. This accounted for approximately 83% of the total land area of the country (48,380 km2). Meanwhile, two thirds of the 4 billion hectares of forests are now concentrated in only 10 countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Indonesia, Peru, Russia, and the United States of America.", "Management of forest resources in the Dominican Republic. As far as forest production and consumption goes, in 2004 the Dominican Republic exported a total of 556,000m3 of firewood, while it imported 267,000m3 of lumber, 31,000m3 of wood based panels, and 182,000 tons of paper and cardboard. Meanwhile, two thirds of the 4 billion hectares of forests are now concentrated in only 10 countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Indonesia, Peru, Russia, and the United States of America.", "Compared to the Dominican Republic, the area of flat land good for intensive agriculture in Haiti is much smaller, as a higher percentage of Haiti’s area is mountainous. There is more limestone terrain, and the soils are thinner and less fertile and have a lower capacity for recovery. But Haiti’s area is only slightly more than half of that of the Dominican Republic. As a result, Haiti, with a larger population and smaller area, has double the Republic’s population density. Get The Globalist in your email inbox three times a week. Sign up here.", "Deforestation in the Dominican Republic: a village-level view. Deforestation is still rapid in some parts of the Caribbean, though it has attracted much less attention than deforestation in mainland Latin America. Abstract", "For the Dominican Republic, FAO estimates that there are 60 tons of biomass carbon per hectare, which means a total of 82 million tons of carbon for the country. This amount of forest carbon is distributed in a total of 64 million cubic meters of Dominican forest. Meanwhile, two thirds of the 4 billion hectares of forests are now concentrated in only 10 countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Indonesia, Peru, Russia, and the United States of America.", "How policies matter; Haiti and the Dominican Republic. The border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic, James P Blair/National Geographic, 2009. This image is pretty famous. It’s a picture of the border between Haiti, on the left, and the Dominican Republic, on the right. It’s also one of the reasons I think environmental policy is so cool – look at the difference valuing forests can make in the long run!", "The Dominican Republic is the second largest economy in Central America and the Caribbean with in 2011, a GDP of 93 million US dollars and a GDP per capita of US$ 9,600. The country is also one of the fastest growing economies in the Caribbean region. Under the Regional REDD Programme in Central America and the Dominican Republic, representatives from the Ministry for environment and natural resources and forest managers have participated in a number workshop on safeguards." ], "url": [ "http://theredddesk.org/countries/dominican-republic", "http://diccionariomedioambiente.org/DiccionarioMedioAmbiente_en/en/cpo_deforestacion_bis.asp", "http://diccionariomedioambiente.org/DiccionarioMedioAmbiente_en/en/cpo_deforestacion_bis.asp", "http://www.theglobalist.com/haiti-and-the-dominican-republic-one-island-two-worlds/", "http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?aid=38167", "http://diccionariomedioambiente.org/DiccionarioMedioAmbiente_en/en/cpo_deforestacion_bis.asp", "https://naturalinternational.wordpress.com/2012/04/04/how-policies-matter-haiti-and-the-dominican-republic/", "http://theredddesk.org/countries/dominican-republic" ] }

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[ "Lucca is located 30 kilometers northeast of the Pisa airport and 85 kilometers west of Florence in Northern Tuscany.", "Province of Lucca" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lucca Map and Suggested Itinerary. The map below shows the city of Lucca, Italy and the major tourist attractions found in the Tuscan city. Lucca is one of the more interesting towns in Tuscany, although rather lightly touristed. The line indicates a walk that starts and ends at the train station. Lucca is capital of the Province of Lucca. Lucca's intact Renaissance walls, quite visible on the map, can be walked or biked upon. A stay at the Hotel Rex near the train station will allow you complimentary bikes with baskets for your picnic goods, or you can rent bikes near the wall.", ") is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near the Tyrrhenian Sea. It is the capital city of the province of Lucca. It is famous among other things for its intact Renaissance-era city walls. Lucca was an important city and fortress even in the 6th century, when Narses besieged it for several months in 553. Under the Lombards, it was the seat of a duke who minted his own coins.", "Map of Lucca & Itinerary. Lucca is capital of the Province of Lucca. Lucca's intact Renaissance walls, quite visible on the map, can be walked or biked upon. A stay at the Hotel Rex near the train station will allow you complimentary bikes with baskets for your picnic goods, or you can rent bikes near the wall.", "The Province of Lucca (Italian: Provincia di Lucca) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lucca. It has an area of 1,773 square kilometres (685 sq mi) and a total population of about 400,000. There are 35 comuni (singular: comune) in the province. The Case Guinigi and the Guinigi Tower of Lucca is a fine example of remaining medieval architecture in the province; construction began in 1384 to accommodate the wealthy Guinigi family. Paolo Guinigi was a ruler of the town a little later in the early 15th century.", "Lucca is located 30 kilometers northeast of the Pisa airport and 85 kilometers west of Florence in Northern Tuscany. Lucca was an important junction in Roman times, you'll see it in the north-south grid pattern of main streets and in the elliptical plan of the Piazza Anfiteatro . Lucca's train station is two blocks outside the ramparts (enter at Porta San Pietro) on the south side of town in Piazza Ricasoli. Lucca is on the Florence-Viareggio train line, with frequent service to Florence.", "What to see and things to do in Lucca. The town of Lucca is probably the most charming of the art cities of Tuscany, Italy. Lucca is small enough to make strolling to every corner of it a pleasure, even in mid-summer, and its intact city wall has been converted into a relaxing promenade. Lucca is also the location of a number of annual festivals, of which the most famous is the Festa della Esaltazione della Santa Croce which takes place on 13 September each year. Lucca, with the Apuan Alps in the background The site of the Roman amphitheatre of Lucca. Lucca, with the Apuan Alps in the background.", "Lucca [1] is a city of some 90,000 people in Tuscany. Its long history goes back to Etruscan and Ancient Roman times, and the city retains pieces of Ancient architecture. Lucca's great era was in the Gothic era just before the Renaissance, and the city contains much marvelous architecture from that era. Lucca's current defensive walls were designed by Leonardo Da Vinci and were never breached. Lucca remained an independent city state until the end of the 18th century.", "1 Bed and Breakfast Casa San Jacopo, Via Michele Rosi 93 Lucca, ☎ +39 339 6328832 ([email protected]), [9]. 2 B&B Lucca in Tuscany-The Bed and Breakfast Casa San Jacopo is located within the Lucca Walls and the nearest access is Porta San Jacopo. Lucca's great era was in the Gothic era just before the Renaissance, and the city contains much marvelous architecture from that era. Lucca's current defensive walls were designed by Leonardo Da Vinci and were never breached. Lucca remained an independent city state until the end of the 18th century.", "At the Lucca Conference, in 56 BC, Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus reaffirmed their political alliance known as the First Triumvirate. Piazza Anfiteatro and the Basilica di San Frediano. Frediano, an Irish monk, was bishop of Lucca in the early 6th century. Lucca was an important city and fortress even in the 6th century, when Narses besieged it for several months in 553. Under the Lombards, it was the seat of a duke who minted his own coins.", "At one point, Lucca was plundered by Odoacer, the first Germanic King of Italy. Lucca was an important city and fortress even in the 6th century, when Narses besieged it for several months in 553. Under the Lombards, it was the seat of a duke who minted his own coins." ], "url": [ "http://www.mappingeurope.com/italy/lucca-map.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucca", "http://www.mappingeurope.com/italy/lucca-map.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Province_of_Lucca", "http://goeurope.about.com/od/lucca/a/lucca_guide.htm", "http://lucca-italy.org/", "http://wikitravel.org/en/Lucca", "http://wikitravel.org/en/Lucca", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucca", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucca" ] }

[]

[ "$75,234" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The starting salary of a Registered Nurse can range from around $28,000-$50,000 per year on average. The starting hourly wage of an RN can range from $16.50-26.00 per hour. This salary will increase over time, as nurses gain experience, certifications, and specialize in a specific area. Registered nurses can also advance their career to managment postions, in addition to regular raises offered by employers. ", "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Staff Nurse-RN-Infusion Therapy in the United States is $79,537 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Staff Nurse-RN-Infusion Therapy in the United States are expected to make less than $79,537. What is the average annual salary for Staff Nurse-RN-Infusion Therapy? The annual salary for someone with the job title Staff Nurse-RN-Infusion Therapy may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education.", "Average oncology nurse salary. Oncology nurse salary is between $46,253 and $90,621, with the median pay being $63,443, based on PayScale reports. Their hourly rate ranges from $21.52 to $41.46 with an overtime pay of up to $78.14 from some generous employers. The salary range for registered nurses in South Africa, including the oncology nurse salary, is R97,549 to R274,315, with the median pay being R174,594. Nurses with less than four years of experience make around R80,446 to R193,769. This increases significantly with experience.", "Infusion Therapist (RN) Salary. (United States). Women comprise the majority of Infusion Therapists in the United States. Individuals in this line of work make around $30.06 per hour on average. Career length and the particular city each impact pay for this group, with the former having the largest influence. Job satisfaction is reported as high by the vast majority of workers.", "Based on the industry where they are working, the oncology nurse’s salary is still the highest in hospitals, around $49,686 to $88,547. For someone working in an oncologist’s office, the annual pay ranges from $63,298 to $77,857 a year. The salary range for registered nurses in South Africa, including the oncology nurse salary, is R97,549 to R274,315, with the median pay being R174,594. Nurses with less than four years of experience make around R80,446 to R193,769. This increases significantly with experience.", "For nursing and residential care facilities, the average annually salary is around $62,440 or $28.28 per hour. Finally, in offices of physicians, a RN can earn an average of $58,420 ($30.02 per hour). In 2014, the top paying state for a registered nurse was California with an average annual salary of $98,440 ($47.31 an hour). Registered Nurse Salary. As stated on the bls.gov website, the median average wage for a RN (Registered Nurse) was around $69,790 or about $33.55 as an hourly rate in 2014. The lowest paid 10% of employed RN’s made less than $45,880 ($22.06 per hour), and the upper 10% percent made more than $98,880 ($47.54 per hour).", "The average salary for a RN working for an outpatient care center is $72,390 or $34.80 an hour. In local, private, and state hospitals, the average annual salary is roughly $71,640 ($34.44 per hour). Home health service RN’s earn an estimated $67,880 ($32.64 hourly). Registered Nurse Salary. As stated on the bls.gov website, the median average wage for a RN (Registered Nurse) was around $69,790 or about $33.55 as an hourly rate in 2014. The lowest paid 10% of employed RN’s made less than $45,880 ($22.06 per hour), and the upper 10% percent made more than $98,880 ($47.54 per hour)." ], "url": [ "http://www.registerednursern.com/registered-nurse-rn-salary-pay-wages-and-income-of-registered-nurses/", "http://www1.salary.com/Staff-Nurse-RN-Infusion-Therapy-salary.html", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/nursing/oncology-nurse-salary", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Infusion_Therapist_(RN)/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/nursing/oncology-nurse-salary", "http://www.hospitaljobsinc.com/how-much-does-a-registered-nurse-make/", "http://www.hospitaljobsinc.com/how-much-does-a-registered-nurse-make/" ] }

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[ "A group of words (or possibly a single word) that functions as a constituent in the syntax of a sentence —a single unit within a grammatical hierarchy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A phrase is a group of related words that does not include a subject and verb. (If the group of related words does contain a subject and verb, it is considered a clause .) There are several different kinds of phrases. [See below for definitions of participial, infinitive, and prepositional phrases.] Usually, a noun phrase will be all of a piece, all the words that compose it being contiguous with the noun itself. It is possible, however, for a noun phrase to be broken, to become what we call discontinuous.", "In linguistic analysis, a phrase is a group of words (or possibly a single word) that functions as a constituent in the syntax of a sentence —a single unit within a grammatical hierarchy. A phrase appears within a clause, although it is also possible for a phrase to be a clause or to contain a clause within it. Theorists of syntax differ in exactly what they regard as a phrase; however, it is usually required to be a constituent of a sentence, in that it must include all the dependents of the units that it contains.", "Phrase is a group of words, which makes sense, but not complete sense, is called a Phrase. It is a group of related words without a Subject and a Verb. or. A Phrase consists of two or more words lacking a complete sense and a complete verb. It may consist of one or more incomplete verbs-the Infinitives or the Participles standing on their own. Words/group of words in italics are phrases in examples below:", "Search. A phrase is a group of words that stand together as a single unit, typically as part of a clause or a sentence. A phrase does not contain a subject and verb and, consequently, cannot convey a complete thought. A phrase contrasts with a clause. A clause does contain a subject and verb, and it can convey a complete idea.", "In grammar, a phrase is a small group of related words within a sentence or clause. Adjective: phrasal. A phrase functions as a part of speech and includes a head (or headword), which determines the nature of the unit. Principal Types of Phrases. 1 Adjective Phrase. 2 Adverb Phrase. 3 Infinitive Phrase. 4 Noun Phrase. ", "A phrase is two or more words that relate to each other. Phrases are never complete thoughts but are joined with other clauses. There are several different types of phrases. First, a noun phrase is a phrase that contains a person, place, thing, or idea and the words that modify it. Noun Phrase. A noun phrase is a phrase that includes a person, place, or thing and the modifiers that describe it. It is important to recognize the noun phrase because it will distinguish the noun. In writing, this will help you add more details and create a stronger, more vivid picture for your audience.", "There is a difference between the common use of the term phrase and its technical use in linguistics. In common usage, a phrase is usually a group of words with some special idiomatic meaning or other significance, such as all rights reserved , economical with the truth , kick the bucket , and the like. It may be a euphemism, a saying or proverb, a fixed expression, a figure of speech, etc. Theorists of syntax differ in exactly what they regard as a phrase; however, it is usually required to be a constituent of a sentence, in that it must include all the dependents of the units that it contains.", "By linguistic analysis this is a group of words that qualifies as a phrase, and the head-word gives its syntactic name, subordinator, to the grammatical category of the entire phrase. Theorists of syntax differ in exactly what they regard as a phrase; however, it is usually required to be a constituent of a sentence, in that it must include all the dependents of the units that it contains.", "As we know, a noun is the person, place, or thing in the sentence, a participle is a verb being used as an adjective, and the modifiers are the words or phrases that describe the noun. Not all absolute phrases will need to include modifiers; some will just have the noun and a participle. Noun Phrase. A noun phrase is a phrase that includes a person, place, or thing and the modifiers that describe it. It is important to recognize the noun phrase because it will distinguish the noun. In writing, this will help you add more details and create a stronger, more vivid picture for your audience.", "Phrases are groups of words, without both a subject and a verb, functioning as a single part of speech. This means that while a phrase is made up of multiple words (all of which have their own function), all of the words work together to perform one larger function. " ], "url": [ "https://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/phrases.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase", "http://english---language.blogspot.com/2006/10/what-is-phrase.html", "http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/phrase.htm", "http://grammar.about.com/od/pq/g/phrase.htm", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-phrase.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-phrase.html", "http://www.english-grammar-revolution.com/english-phrases.html" ] }

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[ "Despite this pollution, the Ganges River remains important to the Indian people as well as different species of plants and animals such as the Ganges River dolphin, a very rare species of freshwater dolphin that is native only to that area." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "the reason that the ganges river is so important to the Hindu religion is because it is believed to be lord shiva's hair. Besides irrigation, food and tourism, It has long … been considered a holy river by Hindus and worshiped as the goddess Ganga in Hinduism.. The river Ganges is important to the followers of Hinduism. It is believed that the river was brought down to earth through the matted locks of Lord Shiva on the request of Ba … gheeratha.", "the river ganges is supposedly the holiest of the holy trinity of rivers in India.(the indus,the brahmaputra and the ganges..).. and yes even though the banks of the river are completely filled with piles of garbage and there are hundreds of mutilated bodies floating in it... The river Ganges is important to the followers of Hinduism. It is believed that the river was brought down to earth through the matted locks of Lord Shiva on the request of Ba … gheeratha.", "The River Ganges, also known as the Ganga, flows 2,700 km from the Himalaya mountains to the Bay of Bengal in northern India and Bangladesh. Regarded as sacred by Hindus, the river is personified as the goddess Ganga in ancient texts and art. Ritual bathing in the Ganges was and is an important part of Hindu pilgrimage and the ashes of the cremated are often spread across her waters.", "For Hindus in India, the Ganga is not just a river but a mother, a goddess, a tradition, a culture and much more. Some Hindus also believe life is incomplete without bathing in the Ganga at least once in one's lifetime. The river is considered holy by Hindus (the majority population in India) and there are quite a few pilgrimage sites along the banks of the Ganga (Ganges, in English). It is considered holy because it sustains life on a huge and fertile delta and ancient Indians worshipped nature. Clara · 7 years ago.", "It is a perennial river which crosses several states in its 2500 km or so trajectory. The river is considered holy by Hindus (the majority population in India) and there are quite a few pilgrimage sites along the banks of the Ganga (Ganges, in English). It is considered holy because it sustains life on a huge and fertile delta and ancient Indians worshipped nature. Clara · 7 years ago.", "2. The Ganges: Ganges is the most important and sacred river of India. In Indian culture it is treated as a goddess. It is approximately 2528 km in length with most of it flowing through India. ", "Despite this pollution however, the Ganges River remains important to the Indian people as well as different species of plants and animals such as the Ganges River dolphin, a very rare species of freshwater dolphin that is native only to that area. As such, the city's culture is also closely tied into the river as it is the most sacred river in Hinduism. Once the Ganges River flows out of India and into Bangladesh its main branch is known as the Padma River.", "The Ganges River, also called Ganga, is a river located in northern India that flows toward the border with Bangladesh (map). It is the longest river in India and flows for around 1,569 miles (2,525 km) from the Himalayan Mountains to the Bay of Bengal. As such, the city's culture is also closely tied into the river as it is the most sacred river in Hinduism. Once the Ganges River flows out of India and into Bangladesh its main branch is known as the Padma River.", "the reason that the ganges river is so important to the Hindu religion is because it is believed to be lord shiva's hair. Besides irrigation, food and tourism, It has long been considered a holy river by Hindus and worshiped as the goddess Ganga in Hinduism.. The river Ganges is important to the followers of Hinduism. It is believed that the river was brought down to earth through the matted locks of Lord Shiva on the request of Ba … gheeratha.", "The Ganges Basin with its fertile soil is instrumental to the agricultural economies of India and Bangladesh. The Ganges and its tributaries provide a perennial source of irrigation to a large area. Chief crops cultivated in the area include rice, sugarcane, lentils, oil seeds, potatoes, and wheat. The river is considered holy by Hindus (the majority population in India) and there are quite a few pilgrimage sites along the banks of the Ganga (Ganges, in English). It is considered holy because it sustains life on a huge and fertile delta and ancient Indians worshipped nature. Clara · 7 years ago." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_ganges_river_important", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_ganges_river_important", "http://www.ancient.eu/Ganges/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081217131956AAPN0SO", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081217131956AAPN0SO", "http://knowledgeofindia.com/rivers-of-india/", "http://geography.about.com/od/culturalgeography/a/Ganges-River.htm", "http://geography.about.com/od/culturalgeography/a/Ganges-River.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_Ganges_river_so_important_to_the_Hindu", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081217131956AAPN0SO" ] }

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[ "$20" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Getting There. Driving Directions: Space Center Houston is just 26 miles south of downtown Houston, located south of Hobby Airport. Take I-45 South, exit NASA Parkway and follow the signs. 1 The NASA Tram Tour, a 90-minute behind-the-scenes-tour, takes you to real working areas of Johnson Space Center. 2 Experience the thrill of launching into space like a real astronaut in the Blast-Off theater.", "With this behind-the-scenes journey through NASA's Johnson Space Center, you may visit the Historic Mission Control Center, the Space Vehicle Mockup Facility or the current Mission Control Center. Before returning to Space Center Houston, you can visit the all new Saturn V Complex at Rocket Park. The exhibit is the largest project Space Center Houston has taken on since it was founded in 1992.", "Space Center Houston offers the opportunity to spend time with a NASA astronaut while enjoying a lunch prepared by our award winning catering staff. ", "Celebrate the next great adventure in exploration this Columbus Day by visiting Space Center Houston. Learn about the robots and astronauts who will lead the way to Mars and discover NASA’s next steps in the Orion program. Use the code EXPLORE04 today to save $5 off tickets! Space Center Houston. October 9 at 6:03am ·. After exploring all there is to see on this blue marble we call home, the next great adventure in exploration awaits in deep space.", "Space Center Houston is the official visitors center of NASA’s Johnson Space Center. Touch a real moon rock. See astronaut training on a behind-the-scenes tour of NASA. Launch to Mars in the Blast-Off theater! 1 The NASA Tram Tour, a 90-minute behind-the-scenes-tour, takes you to real working areas of Johnson Space Center. 2 Experience the thrill of launching into space like a real astronaut in the Blast-Off theater.", "Groups of 15 or more who make reservations (not valid at the ticket booth) may purchase at $10.95 per ticket if reservations are pre-paid and made at least one week in advance, or$12.95 per ticket if reserved at least 24 hours in advance. Get one (1) FREE ticket for each fifteen (15) tickets purchased. 1 Parking at Space Center Houston is $6. 2 Cash and credit cards are accepted at the toll plaza. 3 For your safety and the safety of others, all bags must be screened by security officers prior to entering Space Center Houston. 4 Large diaper bags are permitted, but may be subject to inspection.", "Ticket prices and getting the best value. Space Center Houston offers all of its attractions for just one price. Discounts are also available for groups of 15 or more, online ticket purchases, active U.S. military and senior citizens. 1 Parking at Space Center Houston is $6. 2 Cash and credit cards are accepted at the toll plaza. 3 For your safety and the safety of others, all bags must be screened by security officers prior to entering Space Center Houston. 4 Large diaper bags are permitted, but may be subject to inspection.", "1 The journey into space begins with the film On Human Destiny at the Destiny Theater. 2 The NASA Tram Tour, a 90-minute behind-the-scenes-tour, takes you to real working areas of Johnson Space Center. 1 The NASA Tram Tour, a 90-minute behind-the-scenes-tour, takes you to real working areas of Johnson Space Center. 2 Experience the thrill of launching into space like a real astronaut in the Blast-Off theater.", "NASA Space Center-Houston – They don't give you that much useful information or interesting items although the presentations are two long. Not so much fun. Whereas you pay $5 for parking and $20 per person. Just go in the case you have nothing else to visit or do in Houston. Recommends. angela1963. like nowhere on earth – I believe that the space center houston is the best place, that a family can go and get an indepth view of our countries rich and unmatched wealth of travels to space, and a reassuring hope of continued exploration for the generation to come." ], "url": [ "http://www.citypass.com/houston/space-center", "http://www.visithoustontexas.com/listings/space-center-houston/19562/", "http://spacecenter.org/", "http://www.facebook.com/SpaceCenterHouston", "http://www.citypass.com/houston/space-center", "http://spacecenter.org/visitor-information/", "http://spacecenter.org/visitor-information/", "http://www.citypass.com/houston/space-center", "http://www.citysearch.com/profile/9911824/houston_tx/space_center_houston.html" ] }

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[ "Introduction. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term mainly used to describe two conditions, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition that involves chronic inflammation in all or part of the digestive tract. Often painful and debilitating, IBD can lead to life-threatening complications as well as increase the risk for colon cancer. ", "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the principal types of inflammatory bowel disease. The chief types of inflammatory bowel disease are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). Inflammatory bowel diseases fall into the class of autoimmune diseases, in which the body's own immune system attacks elements of the digestive system.", "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves chronic inflammation of all or part of your digestive tract. IBD primarily includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Both usually involve severe diarrhea, pain, fatigue and weight loss. IBD can be debilitating and sometimes leads to life-threatening complications. Crohn's disease is an IBD that cause inflammation of the lining of your digestive tract. In Crohn's disease, inflammation often spreads deep into affected tissues. The inflammation can involve different areas of the digestive tract — the large intestine, small intestine or both.", "What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)? Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the name of a group of disorders that cause the intestines to become inflamed (red and swollen). The inflammation lasts a long time and usually comes back over and over again. Approximately 1.4 million Americans have some kind of inflammatory bowel disease.", "The inflamed colon (colitis) has different types: 1 Infectious colitis – this is due to ingestion of many bacteria, disease-causing bacteria. 2 Ischemic colitis – blood supply is impeded because of obstruction thus causing ischemia. 3 Ulcerative colitis – affects the rectum and sigmoid colon. Colitis or known as the inflammation of the colon affects about a small percent of Americans. This condition usually occurs to people at a young age and less frequently in old people. The colon is a tube that receives the products of digestion.", "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to two different chronic conditions or diseases that may be related, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Both diseases consist of inflammation of the wall of the bowel or intestines-hence the name-leading to bowel that is inflamed, swollen and that develops ulcers. ", "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a broad term that describes conditions with chronic or recurring immune response and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two most common inflammatory bowel diseases are ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Inflammation affects the entire digestive tract in Crohn’s disease and only the large intestine in ulcerative colitis. Both illnesses are characterized by an abnormal response to the body’s immune system.", "Introduction. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term mainly used to describe two conditions, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are long-term (chronic) conditions that involve inflammation of the gut (gastrointestinal tract)", "Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a broad term that describes conditions with chronic or recurring immune response and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two most common inflammatory bowel diseases are ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. " ], "url": [ "http://www.livescience.com/39880-inflammatory-bowel-disease.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammatory_bowel_disease", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/basics/definition/CON-20034908", "http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease.html", "http://medicalpoint.org/inflamed-colon/", "http://www.medicinenet.com/inflammatory_bowel_disease_ibd_pictures_slideshow/article.htm", "http://www.cdc.gov/ibd/what-is-ibd.htm", "http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx", "http://www.cdc.gov/ibd/index.htm" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If stage 3 kidney disease is caused by polycystic kidney disease (CKD) or other renal cystic kidney disease, back pain is associated enlargement of kidney cysts. The enlarged cysts compress the adjacent kidney tissues and organs, leading to back pain.", "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time. To read more about kidney function, see How Your Kidneys Work.", "The most common causes of CKD do not cause any pain. And, much of the pain that is near the kidneys is not caused by a kidney problem. But some people who have CKD do have pain. Some people with kidney problems may have pain in the upper back (where the kidneys are) or on the same side as the affected kidney. 1 Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) , which causes large, fluid-filled cysts on the kidneys and sometimes the liver, can cause pain.", "Kidney disease can be found through lab tests or by symptoms. High blood levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen (BUN) or high levels of protein in your urine suggest kidney disease. Diabetics should have a yearly urine test for microalbumin, small amounts of protein that don't show up on standard urine protein test.", "Causes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) slowly gets worse over months or years. you may not notice any symptoms for some time. The loss of function may be so slow that you do not have symptoms until your kidneys have almost stopped working. The final stage of chronic kidney disease is called end-stage renal disease (ESRD).", "Most people will have high blood pressure at all stages of chronic kidney disease. During an exam, your health care provider may also hear abnormal heart or lung sounds in your chest. You may have signs of nerve damage during a nervous system exam. A urinalysis may show protein or other changes in your urine.", "Also, chronic kidney disease can cause high blood pressure. Other conditions that affect the kidneys are: 1 Glomerulonephritis, a group of diseases that cause inflammation and damage to the kidney's filtering units. 2 These disorders are the third most common type of kidney disease." ], "url": [ "http://www.kidneyabc.com/ckd-symptoms/1882.html", "https://www.kidney.org/kidneyDisease/aboutckd", "http://lifeoptions.org/kidneyinfo/ckdinfo.php?page=3", "http://www.davita.com/kidney-disease/overview/symptoms-and-diagnosis", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000471.htm", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000471.htm", "https://www.kidney.org/kidneyDisease/aboutckd" ] }

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[ "1 The dominant trait for eye color is brown, represented by BB. 2 All other eye colors – blue, grey, green, and hazel – are recessive traits, represented by bb.3 A homozygous brown eyed person would have the BB gene, while a homozygous blue eyed person would have the bb gene. Having dimples on the cheeks is a dominant trait, with the homozygous DD gene causing them. 2 However, the recessive trait is distinguished by the symbol dd; individuals with this homozygous gene will not have freckles. 3 Curly hair is a dominant trait, with the homozygous HH gene causing the condition.", "The dominant trait for eye color is brown, represented by BB.All other eye colors – blue, grey, green, and hazel – are recessive traits, represented by bb.A homozygous brown eyed person would have the BB gene, while a homozygous blue eyed person would have the bb gene." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Any time an individual has two different alleles for a gene, the individual's genotype is heterozygous. For genes with simple dominance, like the pea example, the dominant allele is always expressed, so heterozgyous individuals have the dominant trait. ", "Example of Homozygous Dominant. In cats, the agouti allele is dominant. It causes each hair in the cat's coat to have sections that are black and sections that are another color, such as gray. Tabby cats have the agouti allele, giving their fur a multicolored appearance. If a cat (or a person, or a pea plant) has two dominant alleles of a certain gene, we say it is homozygous dominant for that particular trait.", "1 A homozygous brown eyed person would have the BB gene, while a homozygous blue eyed person would have the bb gene. 2 One person is immune to poison ivy, which is represented by the dominant PP trait; while another is not immune to poison ivy, which is represented by the recessive trait distinguished by the symbol pp. 1 Having dimples on the cheeks is a dominant trait, with the homozygous DD gene causing them. 2 However, the recessive trait is distinguished by the symbol dd; individuals with this homozygous gene will not have freckles. 3 Curly hair is a dominant trait, with the homozygous HH gene causing the condition.", "Effects of Homozygous Genes. Following are some examples of homozygous genes. 1 The dominant trait for eye color is brown, represented by BB. 2 All other eye colors – blue, grey, green, and hazel – are recessive traits, represented by bb. 3 A homozygous brown eyed person would have the BB gene, while a homozygous blue eyed person would have the bb gene. 1 Having dimples on the cheeks is a dominant trait, with the homozygous DD gene causing them. 2 However, the recessive trait is distinguished by the symbol dd; individuals with this homozygous gene will not have freckles. 3 Curly hair is a dominant trait, with the homozygous HH gene causing the condition.", "When a person has two dominant alleles for a gene (e.g. LL), they are referred to as being homozygous dominant for that trait. If they have two recessive alleles (ll), they are homozygous recessive. If they inherited one of each allele (Ll), they are heterozygous for that trait. In this case, the dad is homozygous dominant, and the mom is homozygous recessive. When their alleles join up, the only possible resulting genotype in their children will be heterozygous (Ll), which is different from either parent.", "Heterozygous means that an organism has two different alleles of a gene. For example, pea plants can have red flowers and either be homozygous dominant (red-red), or heterozygous (red-white). If they have white flowers, then they are homozygous recessive (white-white). Carriers are always heterozygous. People with CF are homozygous recessive.", "Let's say that red is dominant and white is recessive. A plant containing 2 red alleles (homozygous for the dominant allele) will be red. A plant containing 2 copies of the white allele (Homozygous recessive) will be white and heterozygous plant, containing a single copy of both alleles will be red. There is no heterozygous recessive because the dominant allele will determine the phenotype. When different forms of the same gene are inherited from parents, they are heterozygous. Dominance refers to the relation between alleles of a gene. When two alleles of a gene combine, the dominant one then determines the trait that is expressed.", "To determine the probability of inheritance of a widow’s peak (or any other dominant trait), the genotypes of the parents must be considered. For example, if one parent is homozygous dominant (WW) and the other is homozygous recessive (ww), then all their offspring will be heterozygous (Ww) and possess a widow’s peak. If both parents are heterozygous (Ww), there is a 75% chance that any one of their offspring will have a widow’s peak (see figure)", "Homozygous dominant is a genotype that consists of two dominant alleles for a gene. Although a homozygous dominant cat might have the same phenotype, or appearance, as a heterozygous one, the difference is that the homozygous dominant individual will 'breed true'. If a cat (or a person, or a pea plant) has two dominant alleles of a certain gene, we say it is homozygous dominant for that particular trait.", "Often, organisms will carry a dominant and a recessive allele of a gene. These organisms can be referred to as carriers of the recessive allele. For example, if a pea plant has a red flower-color allele and a white flower-color allele, then it is a carrier of the recessive white flower-color allele. For example, pea plants can have red flowers and either be homozygous dominant (red-red), or heterozygous (red-white). If they have white flowers, then they are homozygous recessive (white-white). Carriers are always heterozygous. People with CF are homozygous recessive." ], "url": [ "http://education.seattlepi.com/2-examples-heterozygous-traits-4076.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/homozygous-dominant-definition-example-quiz.html", "http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-homozygous.html", "http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-homozygous.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-genotypes-definition-examples-quiz.html", "http://www.stat.washington.edu/thompson/Genetics/1.3_genotypes.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_an_example_of_a_homozygous_Dominant_genotype", "http://knowgenetics.org/dominant-inheritance/", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/homozygous-dominant-definition-example-quiz.html", "http://www.stat.washington.edu/thompson/Genetics/1.3_genotypes.html" ] }

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[ "Cactaceae" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Hi jrmaine. and welcome to GW. What you have is a grafted cactus plant. The top is one species, the bottom is another. The top lives in a desert, the bottom in a rainforest, or at least a tropical forest. The top has no chlorophyll, so it can never live alone. The bottom is usually a short-lived plant, called the stock in grafting terms. The problem is that you either have to graft the top onto another cactus, or re-root the bottom. In either case, the top will likely shrivel before the roots grow or the graft takes. Actually, a graft would probably cure it, but you need to get to work fast. The short answer: there isn't much you can do.", "Peanut cactus (Echinopsis chamaecereus) is most suited to container growing because it is a small, low-growing cactus that tends to get lost in the landscape. It grows in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 10 through 12. ", "Closet Cactus Care by M.S. Smith. For the non-professional cactus lover starting cacti from seed can be a daunting task, especially for those without a greenhouse and experience. But growing these beautiful specimens of the plant kingdom should not be limited to those who are mass producers. ", "Gymnocalycium produces offsets pretty easily, even when grafted, and the offsets so produced can be grafted to a new base, perpetuating the plant. Even the best grafts only last a few years, as the base grows faster than the Gymnocalycium. After that point, the difference in speed between the two becomes too great for the graft to hold together, and the two split apart. However, you can regraft the scion back on to the rootstock after this.", "Gymnocalycium mihanovichii, often called chin cactus, is a species of cactus from South America commonly grown as a houseplant. The most popular cultivars are varied mutants which completely lack chlorophyll, exposing the red, orange or yellow pigmentation. These cultivars are often called moon cactus. Even the best grafts only last a few years, as the base grows faster than the Gymnocalycium. After that point, the difference in speed between the two becomes too great for the graft to hold together, and the two split apart. However, you can regraft the scion back on to the rootstock after this.", "The tallest free-standing cactus is Pachycereus pringlei, with a maximum recorded height of 19.2 m (63 ft), and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana, only about 1 cm (0.4 in) in diameter at maturity. Cactus stems are often ribbed or fluted, which allows them to expand and contract easily for quick water absorption after rain, followed by long drought periods. Like other succulent plants, most cacti employ a special mechanism called crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) as part of photosynthesis.", "A cactus (plural: cacti, cactuses, or cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae within the order Caryophyllales. The word cactus derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek κάκτος, kaktos, a name originally used by Theophrastus for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain. Cacti occur in a wide range of shapes and sizes. Most cacti live in habitats subject to at least some drought. Cactus stems are often ribbed or fluted, which allows them to expand and contract easily for quick water absorption after rain, followed by long drought periods. Like other succulent plants, most cacti employ a special mechanism called crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) as part of photosynthesis.", "A rose may be a rose, but the products of the Florida Cactus Nursery near Apopka are true individualists of the plant kingdom. In fact many of these members of the vegetable domain look as if they came from beyond planet Earth. Barrel cacti squat like overgrown pin cushions next to convoluted brain cacti and grafted varieties that resemble dwarfs in fur hats. Along with cacti, the nursery raises succulents: spiny aloe vera plants, popular for soothing sunburns, and prehistoric-looking lithops (living stones) that resemble pebbles of granite.", "kaktuskris (5). Cacti can indeed be grafted to other Cacti, just as Euphorbia can be grafted to other Euphorbia. However, I have yet to hear of a successful Jade to Jade graft of any type, and of course, a Jade graft onto anything but Crassula would be impossible anyway. Christopher. Like Bookmark January 2, 2014 at 7:30PM. I bought some Schlumbergera opuntioides (close relative of Christmas cactus) that was grafted onto Opuntia. Due to a delay in shipping, my plants arrived dead (frozen) but the seller had sold quite a few others with good feedback so it apparently worked well." ], "url": [ "http://forums.gardenweb.com/discussions/1829999/first-time-cactus-owner-moon-cactus-rotting-sos", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/peanut-cactus-desert-plant-70220.html", "http://www.cactus-mall.com/ccc/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnocalycium_mihanovichii", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnocalycium_mihanovichii", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cactus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cactus", "http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-05-25/features/0220390017_1_nursery-is-located-cacti-lithops", "http://forums.gardenweb.com/discussions/1803607/christmas-cactus-and-jade-grafting" ] }

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[ "30 to 38 grams a day for men and 25 grams a day for women between 18 and 50 years old, and 21 grams a day if a woman is 51 and older." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The TLC diet calls for you to consume 10 to 25 grams of soluble fiber each day to reduce your LDL cholesterol. Soluble fiber is found in psyllium seeds, legumes, fruits, some vegetables, barley and oats. Nuts and seeds are also rich in soluble fiber. These guidelines also report that most women need 1,600 to 2,400 calories per day, while most men require 2,000 to 3,000 calories each day to maintain healthy body weights—specific needs are based on age and activity level. For example, someone following a 2,000-calorie diet should aim for 28 grams of fiber each day.", "The average adult only eats 15 grams of fiber per day. Women need 25 grams of fiber per day, and men need 38 grams per day, according to the Institute of Medicine. Eating more plant foods -- vegetables, beans, fruit, whole grains, and nuts -- is the best way and is one of the major recommendations from the U.S. government's 2010 Dietary Guidelines", "A: The amount you need is tied to the number of calories you eat in a day. For healthy adults, the USDA recommends 14 grams of fiber for every 1,000 calories consumed. So a person eating 2,000 calories a day should aim to get 28 grams of fiber daily. A: Soluble and insoluble fiber can be found in different foods, and also in different parts of the same food. Insoluble fiber tends to be found in the peels and husks of plant foods, and soluble fiber is found in the fleshy interior.", "The amount of fiber you need on a daily basis depends on your age and gender. The standard recommendation for fiber consumption suggests that you should consume a minimum of 25 grams of fiber per day. Most people do not need to worry about consuming too much fiber, but instead consuming too little. If you consume fiber in the 50 grams per day range, then some health issues may arise. It is possible to experience increased flatulence and diarrhea.", "The National Fiber Council recommends an average of 32 grams of fiber per day for a healthy body. To calculate how much fiber you need based on your age and gender, and receive a customized meal plan just for you, click on the fiber calculator below. Tip: Remember to increase your fiber intake gradually. ", "So just how much fiber do you need? The national fiber recommendations are 30 to 38 grams a day for men and 25 grams a day for women between 18 and 50 years old, and 21 grams a day if a woman is 51 and older. Another general guideline is to get 14 grams of fiber for every 1,000 calories in your diet. If you're ready to increase the amount of fiber in your diet, that's a positive step. A popular TV commercial shows a woman eating broccoli and other fiber-rich foods throughout the day, depicting how difficult it seems to get the recommended daily levels of fiber. In truth, a lot of people just don’t bother.", "If you have even 5 to 10 grams of soluble fiber a day -- it can lower your level of low-density lipoproteins -- the bad cholesterol that hardens arteries, by as much as 5 percent, according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Adult men should get 30 to 38 grams of fiber each day, while adult women need 21 to 25 grams. During pregnancy and while nursing, however, you should get 28 to 29 grams of total fiber daily. This basic recommendation may be too much or too little, depending on your diet", "For example, if you require 2,000 calories per day for healthy weight maintenance you should consume 28 grams of fiber each day, and if you need 3,000 calories you should eat 42 grams of fiber every day. It is ideal to get your fiber from a well-balanced diet containing plenty of fiber-rich foods. Foods high in fiber include whole grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. If you’re constipated or unable to meet your fiber requirements from food, ask your doctor about taking a fiber supplement made from psyllium husks or seeds.", "For example, eat 38 grams of fiber each day if you’re a man ages 19 to 50, 30 grams per day if you’re a man age 50 or older, 25 grams if you’re a woman ages 19 to 50, 21 grams if you’re a woman age 50 or older, 28 grams if you’re pregnant and at least 29 grams of fiber each day if you’re breastfeeding. Foods high in fiber include whole grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. If you’re constipated or unable to meet your fiber requirements from food, ask your doctor about taking a fiber supplement made from psyllium husks or seeds." ], "url": [ "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/much-soluble-insoluble-fiber-per-day-6686.html", "http://www.webmd.com/diet/guide/fiber-how-much-do-you-need", "http://www.vegetariantimes.com/article/ask-the-nutritionist-how-much-fiber-do-i-really-need/", "https://www.exercise.com/faq/how-much-fiber-do-i-need-in-a-day", "http://nationalfibercouncil.org/fiber_calculator.php", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/guide-to-daily-fiber/too-much-fiber/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/370487-how-much-soluble-fiber-per-day/", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/calculate-much-fiber-one-needs-day-4814.html", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/calculate-much-fiber-one-needs-day-4814.html" ] }

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[ "(Animals) any of various volelike rodents of the genus Lemmus and related genera, of northern and arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "lemming. n. 1. (Animals) any of various volelike rodents of the genus Lemmus and related genera, of northern and arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America: family Cricetidae. ", "noun. 1 any of various volelike rodents of the genus Lemmus and related genera, of northern and arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America: family Cricetidae. 2 a member of any large group following an unthinking course towards mass destruction. noun. 1 any of various volelike rodents of the genus Lemmus and related genera, of northern and arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America: family Cricetidae. 2 The Scandinavian variety, Lemmus lemmus, migrates periodically when its population reaches a peak.", "Wiktionary (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: lemming (Noun). Any of the small Arctic and Subarctic rodents of the tribe Lemmini. Three genera of vole are also commonly called lemmings. lemming (Noun). Any member of a group given to conformity or groupthink, especially a group poised to follow a leader off a cliff. ", "Example sentences. 1 In the last week I have received 3 calls from telemarketers and 5 pieces of individually addressed junk mails offering me the chance to join the financial lemmings as they go over the cliff that is inner-city investment property. ", "Definitions. 1 any of various volelike rodents of the genus Lemmus and related genera, of northern and arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America: family Cricetidae. noun. 1 any of various volelike rodents of the genus Lemmus and related genera, of northern and arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America: family Cricetidae. 2 The Scandinavian variety, Lemmus lemmus, migrates periodically when its population reaches a peak.", "Full Definition of LEMMING. : any of various small short-tailed furry-footed rodents (as genera Lemmus and Dicrostonyx) of circumpolar distribution that are notable for population fluctuations and recurrent mass migrations. — lem·ming·like \\-ˌlīk\\ adjective. See lemming defined for English-language learners. ", "by Angelina :P January 13, 2007. 7. lemming. a person with no opinion of their own. they only act like the other people in their group because they tink that if they act like themselves they will lose theirfriends that only like the fake person that the person acts like.", "DEFINITION of 'Lemming'. The act of an investor following the crowd into an investment, without doing research themselves; this usually results in losses. These investors are emotional and easily swayed by the current ongoings of how well or bad the market is doing. In the animal kingdom, a lemming is a rodent known for periodic mass migrations that occasionally end in drowning. To contradict the herd mentality, many proactive investors react in an opposite fashion than what the majority of investors are doing.", "BREAKING DOWN 'Lemming'. In the animal kingdom, a lemming is a rodent known for periodic mass migrations that occasionally end in drowning. To contradict the herd mentality, many proactive investors react in an opposite fashion than what the majority of investors are doing." ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/lemming", "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/lemming", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/lemming", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/lemming", "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/lemming", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lemming", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=lemming", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/lemming.asp", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/lemming.asp" ] }

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[ "Sausages are best used within 3 months of freezing, but do not freeze for longer than 6 months." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Meats freeze and keep well in the freezer. You can store them over a year if kept frozen. Freezing is the best way to preserve foods. 2 people found this useful. Edit. Share to: 1 Brining Pork Roast Made Simple Professional chefs have a secret to preparing the most delicious, succulent, juiciest pork roast.", "Content of Fresh Sausages. 1 Fresh Pork Sausages may not contain pork byproducts and may contain no more than 50% fat by weight. 2 Fresh Beef Sausages may not contain beef byproducts and may contain no more than 30% fat by weight. Use the chart as a guideline for safe storage. Types of Sausages. Sausages are either uncooked or ready to eat. They can be made from red meat (for example, beef, pork, lamb or veal), poultry (turkey or chicken, for example) or a combination. Uncooked sausages include fresh (bulk, patties or links) and smoked sausages.", "You can freeze pork spareribs for months. After a while, they may become freezer burnt so it is a good idea to consume them within three to four months. You can store them over a year if kept frozen. Freezing is the best way to preserve foods. 2 people found this useful. Edit. Share to: 1 Brining Pork Roast Made Simple Professional chefs have a secret to preparing the most delicious, succulent, juiciest pork roast.", "Fresh sausages are a coarse or finely comminuted (reduced to minute particles) meat food product prepared from one or more kinds of meat, or meat and meat byproducts (heart, kidney, or liver, for example). They may contain water not exceeding 3% of the total ingredients in the product. Use the chart as a guideline for safe storage. Types of Sausages. Sausages are either uncooked or ready to eat. They can be made from red meat (for example, beef, pork, lamb or veal), poultry (turkey or chicken, for example) or a combination. Uncooked sausages include fresh (bulk, patties or links) and smoked sausages.", "34.3k Views. As a general rule, 5-7 days for BOTH raw and cooked sausages is your best bet. Yes, they will most likely last longer; however, there are so many things that can go into this equation that you are best staying on the safe side. Here are some things that can affect the shelf life: Be conservative, 5-7 days max. ", "How long can you freeze italian sausages? i bought some italian sausages 2 weeks ago, there still sealed in the box and frozen, how long can it be frozen? thank you. ", "1 Fresh Beef Sausages may not contain beef byproducts and may contain no more than 30% fat by weight. 2 Breakfast Sausages may contain meat and meat byproducts and no more than 50% fat by weight. Use the chart as a guideline for safe storage. Types of Sausages. Sausages are either uncooked or ready to eat. They can be made from red meat (for example, beef, pork, lamb or veal), poultry (turkey or chicken, for example) or a combination. Uncooked sausages include fresh (bulk, patties or links) and smoked sausages.", "And with the use of a zip-seal bag and a permanent marker, you can avoid wasting your good food. Before you put meat in the freezer, you should always write the date on it -- that way you don't have to question how long it's been frozen. And, believe it or not, some meats can last in the freezer for up to one year. 1 Cooked poultry -- 4 months. 2 Uncooked poultry parts -- 9 months. 3 Uncooked whole poultry -- 12 months. ", "Relevance. Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Absolutely. You can safely keep beef and pork frozen for a year if it is stored properly (freezer containers or freezer bags.) We often stock up on meats like beef and pork when it's on sale at the grocery store. Typically it stays in our freezer no longer than a year before it's used in a recipe. All foods will stay safe to eat for years and years in the freezer. However, they will start to lose quality and also dry out after a period of time. Sausages are best used within 3 months of freezing, but do not freeze for longer than 6 months.", "That would depend on how you want your sausage to cook up, how lean your game meat is, what type of game meat and type of pork you are using. Here are some guidelines for Venison or Elk: Using a ratio of 50% game meat with 50% pork butts or pork shoulders will give you a high quality sausage with a pork influence. Next bone out the meat you choose for putting into sausage (it will surprise you how much meat you can get from the neck and rib areas if you try). After boning the meat, keep it cold or frozen until you are ready to make sausage. Add pork for flavor and to provide some fat to the usually lean game meat." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_you_freeze_pork_sausage", "http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/wcm/connect/fsis-content/internet/main/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/sausages-and-food-safety/ct_index", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_you_freeze_pork_sausage", "http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/wcm/connect/fsis-content/internet/main/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/sausages-and-food-safety/ct_index", "https://www.quora.com/How-long-can-raw-and-cooked-sausage-last-refrigerated", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071012224235AA00EFn", "http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/wcm/connect/fsis-content/internet/main/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/sausages-and-food-safety/ct_index", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/20/freezing-meat_n_1367941.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130613074055AAUZ9Sf", "http://www.homebutcher.com/sausage" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The SLC25A4 gene provides the instructions for making a protein called adenine nucleotide translocase type 1 (ANT1). ANT1 functions in mitochondria, which are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use. ", "One of 2 (the other is thymine) major purine bases (C5H5N5) in nucleic acid. Adenine pairs with a pyrimidine in nucleic acids—with thymine in DNA, or with uracil in RNA; adenine combines with deoxyribose to form deoxyadenosine in DNA and ribose to form adenosine in RNA. Adenine is a major factor in a plethora of biological and molecular reactions. One of the two major purines (the other is guanine) found in both RNA and DNA, and also in various free nucleotides of importance to the body (for example, AMP (adenylic acid), ATP, NAD + , NADP + , and FAD); in all these smaller compounds, adenine is condensed with ribose at nitrogen-9, forming adenosine.", "Adenine is one of the four bases found in both DNA and RNA. These four bases are necessary for life. Adenine base pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA. These bases are … called nitrogenous bases. Adenine is a purine derivative and one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acids. Its chemical formula is C5H5N5. Edit. Share to: 1 5 Popular Protein Skimmer Reviews A protein skimmer is a device that filters microorganisms from the water in an aquarium.", "Adenine /ˈaedɨnɨn/ (ˈædɨnɨn, A) ade is a (nucleobase a purine) derivative with a variety of roles in biochemistry including cellular, respiration in the form of both the-energy rich adenosine (TRIPHOSPHATE) atp and the cofactors nicotinamide adenine (DINUCLEOTIDE) nad and flavin adenine (DINUCLEOTIDE). fad Adenine structure, with standard numbering of positions in red. Adenine forms several tautomers, compounds that can be rapidly interconverted and are often considered equivalent. However, in isolated conditions, i.e. in an inert gas matrix and in the gas phase, mainly the 9H-adenine tautomer is found.", "Adenine is one of the two purine nucleobases (the other being guanine) used in forming nucleotides of the nucleic acids. In DNA, adenine binds to thymine via two hydrogen bonds to assist in stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. In RNA, which is used for protein synthesis, adenine binds to uracil. Adenine structure, with standard numbering of positions in red. Adenine forms several tautomers, compounds that can be rapidly interconverted and are often considered equivalent. However, in isolated conditions, i.e. in an inert gas matrix and in the gas phase, mainly the 9H-adenine tautomer is found.", "1 When RNA polymerase transcribes the DNA into a mRNA molecule, adenine pairs with uracil and cytosine pairs with guanine (A-U and C-G). 2 At the end of transcription, mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm for the completion of protein synthesis. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid and like DNA, RNA nucleotides contain three components: RNA nitrogenous bases include adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and uracil (U). The five-carbon (pentose) sugar in RNA is ribose.", "1. adenine - (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA. A. biochemistry-the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry.", "Adenine (A) is one of four chemical bases in DNA, with the other three being cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). Within the DNA molecule, adenine bases located on one strand form chemical bonds with thymine bases on the opposite strand. The sequence of four DNA bases encodes the cell's genetic instructions. A form of adenine called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) serves as an energy storage molecule and is used to power many chemical reactions within the cell.", "Adenine and Guanine arenucleic acids. They are found in DNA and RNA. In DNA Adenine bonds with another nucleic acid called Thymine and Guanine bonds with Cytosine. In RNA … Adenine bonds with Uracil (only found in RNA) and Guanine still bonds with Cytosine. Adenine is a purine derivative and one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acids. Its chemical formula is C5H5N5. Edit. Share to: 1 5 Popular Protein Skimmer Reviews A protein skimmer is a device that filters microorganisms from the water in an aquarium.", "The chemistry of the nitrogenous bases is really the key to the function of DNA. It allows something called complementary base pairing. You see, cytosine can form three hydrogen bonds with guanine, and adenine can form two hydrogen bonds with thymine. Or, more simply, C bonds with G and A bonds with T. The phosphate group and sugar are the same in every nucleotide, but there are four different nitrogenous bases: guanine, adenine, thymine and cytosine. They are often abbreviated by the first letter of each nitrogenous base: G, A, T and C." ], "url": [ "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/SLC25A4", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/adenine", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_Adenine_a_protein", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenine", "http://biology.about.com/od/molecularbiology/ss/rna.htm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/adenine", "http://www.ghr.nlm.nih.gov/glossary=adenine", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_Adenine_a_protein", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/dna-adenine-guanine-cytosine-thymine-complementary-base-pairing.html" ] }

[]

[ "Luthiers" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A person who plays a violin is called a violinist, a person who plays a cello is called a cellist, what do you call a person that plays the viola? ", "Some people who write music don't make up a tune-- they use someone else's tune but assign the notes to someone else, say, to the violins instead of the flute. This is called arranging.. Maybe you've heard a melody you know in an elevator. This is an arrangement of that melody. ", "edit Differences in Playing Style and Technique. When played in a folk style, it is said to be a fiddle and when played in classical tones it's called a violin. In fact, the playing style is the main criteria that differs the fiddle from the violin. The violinist reproduces the composer’s music with exacting accuracy, down to the loudness of individual notes. A violin is called a fiddle when playing folk music. A fiddle is also a colloquial term for instruments used by players in all genres, including classical music. Fiddle playing, or fiddling, is a style of music.", "exists and is an alternate of. Merge this question into. Split and merge into it. Answer by Northie. Confidence votes 133. Violin makers. I don't think there's a specific word for it. They are called luthiers. Luthiers make and repair string instruments. ", "It's my understanding that the difference between a violin and a fiddle is the bridge. The bridge on a violin is flatter that the fingerboard. However, on a fiddle, the contour of the bridge is made to match the contour of the fingerboard. The word 'fiddle' comes from the medieval French string instrument called the 'fidele'. I've been a classically trained violinist for over 60 years, and my violin has always been my fiddle. Every professional violinist(teacher or performer) I've ever known has referred to his or her instrument as their fiddle.", "The violin is sometimes called a “ fiddle ”. Someone who plays it is a “fiddler”. There is even a verb, to “fiddle, which means “to play the fiddle”. This word can be used as a nickname for the violin. Students learning to play a violin may put dots or stickers on the fingerboard to help them learn how to play. The violin is the smallest and highest pitched string instrument. A person who plays the violin is called a violinist. A person who makes or repairs violins is called a luthier. The violin is important in European and Arabian music. No other instrument has played such an important part in Europe", "A bow maker is a person who builds, repairs, and restores ancient or modern bows for instruments of the violin family. These include violins, violas, cellos, double basses, viola d'amore, viola da gamba, etc. The French word for bowmaker (bow maker) is archetier for one who makes bows of the string family of instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass. Root of the word comes from archet —pronounced [aʁʃɛ] —the bow. A bow maker typically uses between 150 and 200 hairs from the tail of a horse for a violin bow.", "The neck of the instrument is the part of the violin that carries most of the stress of the strings. It is the long wooden piece behind the fingerboard, which the fingerboard is glued to. The neck of modern violins is more slender and longer than the neck of the baroque violins. The body of the violin is the part that amplifies the sound in acoustic violins. The body of the violin can be made of a variety of different woods. While most violins have two-piece backs that are joined together with a seam down the middle, one-piece backs are preferred due to their increased resonance.", "The difference between a violin and a fiddle is that a fiddle is held looser and further down the shoulder and the bow is held in the middle rather than at the end. That's what my music teacher told me. The word 'fiddle' comes from the medieval French string instrument called the 'fidele'. I've been a classically trained violinist for over 60 years, and my violin has always been my fiddle. Every professional violinist(teacher or performer) I've ever known has referred to his or her instrument as their fiddle." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100524021613AA4uE0p", "http://justinlocke.com/orchfaq.htm", "http://www.diffen.com/difference/Fiddle_vs_Violin", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_people_called_who_makes_the_violin", "http://flyinfiddler.com/what.html", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_maker", "http://www.get-tuned.com/parts-of-the-violin.php", "http://flyinfiddler.com/what.html" ] }

[]

[ "Vitamin H" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "A drug or a prescription medication can also bring on the incidence of itching as a side effect in the body of an individual. The yellowing of the skin and itching on the skin can also come due to the presence of accumulated bile, in conditions like jaundice. Itching in specific regions of the body is due to a variety of conditions that may be connected with that area or region of the body. If there is not reduction in the itching sensation in the skin even after a regimen of the A and E vitamins, the B complex vitamins can be included in the supplement. The nervous system fights off a number of infections of the skin making use of the B vitamins in the body.", "So, the first thing to do is to stop the vitamin D and see if that is truly the problem. If you stop itching the next day, then it's likely your vitamin D. Then, find a High Quality Vitamin D3 Supplement that contains no artificial ingredients, no gluten and no oils that can go rancid. ", "For the maintenance of an elastic skin and for the rejuvenation of the skin, the body needs the vitamins such as the A and E oil soluble group. With particular regard to the elderly, with dry and itchy skin, the vitamin E is most beneficial as a supplement. If there is not reduction in the itching sensation in the skin even after a regimen of the A and E vitamins, the B complex vitamins can be included in the supplement. The nervous system fights off a number of infections of the skin making use of the B vitamins in the body.", "Considering taking a vitamin or supplement to treat Tinea cruris (jock itch)? Below is a list of common natural remedies used to treat or reduce the symptoms of Tinea cruris (jock itch). Follow the links to read common uses, side effects, dosage details and read user reviews for the drugs listed below. Your search for Tinea cruris (jock itch) returned 4 matches.", "Adding foods rich in vitamin A to your diet might help improve skin health, alleviating scalp itch. Foods that are good sources of vitamin A include eggs, butter, dairy products, sweet potatoes, squash, carrots, cantaloupe and papaya. Vitamin A is essential to skin and scalp health, according to the Linus Pauling Institute Micronutrient Center; Vitamin A plays important roles in the immune system and blood circulation as well as supporting the maintenance and function of skin cells.", "Considering taking a vitamin or supplement to treat Itching? Below is a list of common natural remedies used to treat or reduce the symptoms of Itching. Follow the links to read common uses, side effects, dosage details and read user reviews for the drugs listed below. Your search for Itching returned 7 matches.", "Introduction. Eczema is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder. It can appear as blisters that crust over to become scaly, itchy rashes, or as dry, thick patches of skin with scales. The main symptom is itching, and symptoms can come and go. Although eczema is not contagious, it is very comm", "Vitamin H. Vitamin H -- also known as biotin -- can help promote healthy skin and prevent itching. While a vitamin H deficiency is rare, symptoms can include dry eyes, fatigue, depression, insomnia, hair loss, cracking at the corners of your mouth and dry, scaly skin. By keeping your skin hydrated, you are less likely to experience dry and itchy skin. Vitamin A can be supplemented or consumed through a well-balanced diet. Food sources of vitamin A include cheese, squash, spinach and eggs.", "You can supplement vitamin E or consume vitamin E through your diet. Food sources of vitamin E include nuts, vegetable oil, wheat germ, green vegetables and whole grains. Vitamin H -- also known as biotin -- can help promote healthy skin and prevent itching. While a vitamin H deficiency is rare, symptoms can include dry eyes, fatigue, depression, insomnia, hair loss, cracking at the corners of your mouth and dry, scaly skin. By keeping your skin hydrated, you are less likely to experience dry and itchy skin. Vitamin A can be supplemented or consumed through a well-balanced diet. Food sources of vitamin A include cheese, squash, spinach and eggs." ], "url": [ "http://www.herbs2000.com/disorders/itching.htm", "http://www.easy-immune-health.com/can-vitamin-d-cause-itchy-skin-comments.html", "http://www.herbs2000.com/disorders/itching.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/search.aspx?stype=both&query=Tinea%20cruris%20(jock%20itch)", "http://livewell.jillianmichaels.com/diet-itchy-scalp-4852.html", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/condition-1842-Itching.aspx", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/condition/eczema", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/495172-vitamins-for-itching/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/495172-vitamins-for-itching/" ] }

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[ "It cost $25,458 for the 2014/2015 academic year. Out-of-state students who don't possess Rhode Island residence can expect a one year cost of $41,024." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "As the State's flagship university, committed to enriching the lives of its students through its land, sea, and urban grant traditions, URI is the only public institution in Rhode Island offering undergraduate, graduate, and professional students the distinctive educational opportunities of a major research university. At the University of Rhode Island, students will be inspired by some of today's leading innovators, discoverers, and problem solvers to think big to address key global issues.", "Founded in 1892, the University of Rhode Island has a main campus in Kingston, and also has the Feinstein Providence, Narragansett Bay, and W. Alton Jones campuses. It is the largest university and the principal public research institution in the smallest state in the country. ", "Considering recent college tuition rises, URI is still about $13000 for in-state students and under $30,000 for out of state. If you are majoring in the majors I've previously listed, URI would definitely be a bang for your buck. the university of Rhode island is a university with many opportunities and great professors. the campus is beautiful and has everything we need in walking distance. offers a transportation bus right on the campus to take you around if you do not want to walk.", "Summary. University of Rhode Island is a public institution that was founded in 1892. It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 13,589, its setting is rural, and the campus size is 1,245 acres. It utilizes a semester-based academic calendar. University of Rhode Island's ranking in the 2016 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, 161. Its in-state tuition and fees are $12,506 (2014-15); out-of-state tuition and fees are $28,072 (2014-15)", "Tuition. At the University of Rhode Island, we understand that in order to make a fully-informed decision about where to attend college, you need to learn as much about financing your education as you do about the opportunities our university offers. ", "The University of Rhode Island, commonly referred to as URI, is the principal public research as well as the land grant and sea grant university for the state of Rhode Island. ", "Think Big. It’s what we do every day at URI. And it’s what you’ll do, too, when you decide to join us. At URI, you’ll get the friendly, intimate feel of a much smaller school, with the cutting-edge experiences and research you’d expect at a much larger university. Welcome back or check us out!", "Undergraduate Tuition. University of Rhode Island tuition is $10,878 per year for in-state residents. This is 69% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $19,509 and 64% cheaper than the average Rhode Island tuition of $30,387 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 2nd in Rhode Island amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 9th most expensive 4 year college in the state. Annual Total Cost. The total list price for in-state Rhode Island residents to go to URI is $25,458 for the 2014/2015 academic year. Out-of-state students who don't possess Rhode Island residence can expect a one year cost of $41,024.", "Future projections are based on past four years' data averaging 6.01% annual change in in-state tuition and fees and 1.02% change in out-of-state tuition and fees. Amounts shown are estimates only and not guaranteed. For a better estimate, contact the college directly. " ], "url": [ "http://www.princetonreview.com/schools/1024118/college/university-rhode-island", "http://www.stateuniversity.com/universities/RI/University_of_Rhode_Island.html", "http://www.cappex.com/colleges/University-of-Rhode-Island/reviews", "http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-rhode-island-3414", "http://web.uri.edu/admission/paying-for-uri/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Rhode_Island", "http://www.uri.edu/", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/rhode-island/university-of-rhode-island/", "http://www.cappex.com/colleges/University-of-Rhode-Island/tuition-and-costs" ] }

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[ "The name Diggory means-Derived from the French egare meaning astray." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Share what you know! Nicknames for Digory: | Edit. Share what you know! Meanings and history of the name Digory: | Edit. The meaning seems to be unknown. Two ideas are that it could mean lost one, from French, or it may instead be a place name. Digory in song, story & screen: | Edit. Digory Kirke, from C.S. Lewis' Chronicles of Narnia. He appears as a young boy in The Magician's Nephew, but is perhaps most famous for being the professor in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe.", "You can use census records and voter lists to see where families with the Digory surname lived over the years. While the questions in census records vary from place to place, and year to year, you can generally find information like name of household members, ages, birthplaces, residences, occupations, etc. Find out where people with the family name Digory lived before coming to the United States. The Social Security Death Index has records for over 70 million names; where you can find birth dates, death dates, addresses, and more. Census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your Digory ancestors, such as occupation. Occupation can tell you about your ancestors social and economic status.", "Just for fun, see the name Digory in Hieroglyphics, learn about ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics and write a Hieroglyphic message. Learn about nautical flags and see your name or message written in nautical flags, on the Digory in Nautical Flags page. Digory is generally used as a boy's name. It consists of 6 letters and 3 syllables and is pronounced Di-go-ry. In the U.S. in 2014 less than 5 boys given the name. Less than 5 girls were given the name. View the Digory Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Digory has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Digory to other names. The name Diggory is a form of Digory", "Meaning of Diggory. English name. In English, the name Diggory means-Derived from the French egare meaning astray..The name Diggory originated as an English name. The name Diggory is most often used as a boy name or male name. English Name Meaning-Derived from the French egare meaning astray. Origin-English. Expression num - 4. Soul Urge num - 22.", "Comments and insights on the name Digory: | Edit. A handsome name that rolls off the tongue and is fairly underused. Most famous as the protagonist in C.S. Lewis' The Magician's Nephew. Digory in song, story & screen: | Edit. Digory Kirke, from C.S. Lewis' Chronicles of Narnia. He appears as a young boy in The Magician's Nephew, but is perhaps most famous for being the professor in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe.", "Digory is an unusual first name for males. Digory is also an uncommon surname for both adults and children. (2000 U.S. Census). Presented below is the birth name popularity of Digory for boys. Digory has yet to be ranked in the Top 1000 thus far. ", "Probably an Anglicized form of Degare. Degaré Sir degare degaré was the subject of a medieval poem Set. In brittany the name may mean lost One from. french egare égaré Sir Degare degaré was the subject of a medieval poem set In. Brittany the name may mean lost one From french. egare égaré" ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/digory", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=digory", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Digory.html", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/english-names/diggory.asp", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/digory", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Digory", "http://www.behindthename.com/name/diggory" ] }

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[ "Pure" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Katie is an English feminine name. It is a pet form of Katherine, Kate, Caitlin, Kathleen and their related forms. It is frequently used on its own. It may refer to: In sports 1 : Katie, the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim Rally Monkey. Katie is an English feminine name. It is a pet form of Katherine, Kate, Caitlin, Kathleen and their related forms. It is frequently used on its own. It may refer to: In sports :", "English. Meaning: A beautiful person on the inside and outside.But can do the wrong things when people push her and they tell her to do the wrong thing!!!!! It means a beautiful, smart, and kool person!!!!!!! my name is katie and i'm a brunette and i get good grades (im not dumb) and many people have said im beautiful. ", "Katy is generally used as a girl's name. It consists of 4 letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Ka-ty. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 1300 in baby name popularity for girls with 182 occurrences. Less than 5 boys were given the name. View the Katy Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Katy has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Katy to other names. Katy is a variant spelling of Katie.", "Katy /katy/ [2 sylls.] as a name for girls. Katy's root is Greek, and Katy means pure. Katy is a version of Catherine (Greek): from katharos. Katy is also a derivative of Katherine (Greek). Katy is also used as a derivative of Katie (Greek). See also Cady and Kady. Katy is a very popular first name for women (#817 out of 4276, Top 19%) but a unique surname for all people. (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is the baby name popularity of Katy for girls.", "Greek Meaning: The name Katy is a Greek baby name. In Greek the meaning of the name Katy is: Pure. French Meaning: The name Katy is a French baby name. In French the meaning of the name Katy is: Pure, clear. Form of the Latin Katharina, from the Greek Aikaterina. Latin Meaning: The name Katy is a Latin baby name. In Latin the meaning of the name Katy is: Pure, clear. Form of the Latin 'Katharina', from the Greek 'Aikaterina'.", "English Meaning: The name Katie is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Katie is: Pure. Greek Meaning: The name Katie is a Greek baby name. In Greek the meaning of the name Katie is: Pure. American Meaning: The name Katie is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Katie is: Pure. Irish Meaning: The name Katie is an Irish baby name. In Irish the meaning of the name Katie is: Pure.", "My name is Katy and i think Justin Bieber is stupid. Katy means insane, nice, has a great sense of humor, and is surrounded by the best friends on the face of the Earth. In other words, Katy means me, haha. awesome, beautiful and kind. i know a few katys. It means unique, and that you have idividuality. Usage: English. Meaning: katy means pure and blessed. princess xxxx love of a rich mans life desurves happyness and a lot of loving xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx. pureness and popularity. katy means very nice and pure. Katy is my best friend! her name means awesome, funny, crazy and cute. alot of this is very true. whoever wrote she loves katy perry and hates justin bieber you're probably talking about the girl i know because that is true for her. i love you katy!", "The name Katie is of English origin, and it means Pure . It's a name commonly given to girls. Katie Holmes is an actress and model with the most prominent portion of her career being from 1997 to present. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katie", "http://what-does-my-name-mean.org/name/katie/", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Katy.html", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Katy", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/katy", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/katie", "http://what-does-my-name-mean.org/name/katy/", "http://www.names.org/n/katie/about" ] }

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[ "The death of living tissue; specifically: death of a portion of tissue differentially affected by local injury (as loss of blood supply, corrosion, burning, or the local lesion of a disease)—compare necrobiosis." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Necrosis is caused by factors external to the cell or tissue, such as infection, toxins, or trauma which result in the unregulated digestion of cell components. Untreated necrosis results in a build-up of decomposing dead tissue and cell debris at or near the site of the cell death. A classic example is gangrene.", "Structural changes of cells undergoing necrosis and apoptosis. Necrosis (from the Greek νέκρωσις death, the stage of dying, the act of killing from νεκρός dead) is a form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. Untreated necrosis results in a build-up of decomposing dead tissue and cell debris at or near the site of the cell death. A classic example is gangrene.", "massive hepatic necrosis massive, usually fatal, necrosis of the liver, a rare complication of viral hepatitis (fulminant hepatitis) that may also result from exposure to hepatotoxins or from drug hypersensitivity. moist necrosis necrosis in which the dead tissue is wet and soft. coagulation necrosis necrosis of a portion of some organ or tissue, with formation of fibrous infarcts, the protoplasm of the cells becoming fixed and opaque by coagulation of the protein elements, the cellular outline persisting for a long time.", "Avascular necrosis occurs when blood flow to a bone is interrupted or reduced. Reduced blood supply can be caused by: 1 Joint or bone trauma. 2 An injury, such as a dislocated joint, might damage nearby blood vessels. 3 Cancer treatments involving radiation also can weaken bone and harm blood vessels. ", "Avascular necrosis is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. Also called osteonecrosis, avascular necrosis can lead to tiny breaks in the bone and the bone's eventual collapse. The blood flow to a section of bone can be interrupted if the bone is fractured or the joint becomes dislocated.", "In this article. Avascular necrosis (AVN), also called osteonecrosis, aseptic necrosis, or ischemic bone necrosis, is a condition that occurs when there is loss of blood to the bone. Because bone is living tissue that requires blood, an interruption to the blood supply causes bone to di", "Medical Definition of NECROSIS. : death of living tissue; specifically: death of a portion of tissue differentially affected by local injury (as loss of blood supply, corrosion, burning, or the local lesion of a disease)—compare necrobiosis. ", "Necrosis: The death of living cells or tissues. Necrosis can be due, for example, to ischemia (lack of blood flow). From the Greek nekros (dead body). ", "Avascular necrosis is bone death that occurs when the blood supply to the bones is decreased or stopped. Without an adequate blood supply, the bone breaks down and dies and collapses. If the bone affected is near a joint, the joint may also collapse. Although any bone can be affected, avascular necrosis most often affects ends of the long bones, such as the upper leg bone at the hip. Avascular necrosis is also called osteonecrosis, aseptic necrosis, or ischemic bone necrosis." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrosis", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/necrosis", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/avascular-necrosis/basics/causes/CON-20025517", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/avascular-necrosis/basics/definition/CON-20025517", "http://www.webmd.com/arthritis/avascular-necrosis-osteonecrosis-symptoms-treatments", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/necrosis", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4514", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/avascular-necrosis-osteonecrosis-topic-overview" ] }

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[ "Between about $630 and nearly $900." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Find out how much your project will cost. Provide a few details about your project and receive competitive quotes from local pros. On average, hiring a land surveyor costs $477 nationally, with most homeowners spending between $334 and $651. This data is based on actual project costs as reported by HomeAdvisor members. One of the primary roles of the land surveyor is to find the boundaries of a property. ", "1 For example, Homestead Land Surveying in California charges $55 an hour for the services of a junior survey technician, $95 an hour for a senior technician, $135 an hour for the principal land surveyor, $150 an hour for a two-person field crew and $220 an hour for a three-person field crew. 1 A typical residential lot survey might cost $300-$1,000 depending on local rates and the size and type of parcel; placing permanent stone or metal boundary markers may be optional at $100-$300 each.", "With a land survey, you can ascertain the boundaries of your property and ensure that any improvements you make are placed correctly. The cost of a survey depends on the nature of the work and the surveyor performing the job. On the high end, land surveys can be upwards of $900. As an hour rate, land survey fees range from $50 to $220 per hour, according to CostHelper.com.", "1 Total costs depend on the type and complexity of survey. 2 A developer building new houses might have surveys done of the entire development then sell a copy of a specific parcel survey to the buyer of that lot for $300-$500. 1 A typical residential lot survey might cost $300-$1,000 depending on local rates and the size and type of parcel; placing permanent stone or metal boundary markers may be optional at $100-$300 each.", "1 GJB Engineering in Virginia charges $50 an hour for administrative work, $85 an hour for a surveying draftsman, $100 an hour for a technician, $150 an hour for a professional surveyor and $140 an hour for a two-person surveying crew. 2 Total costs depend on the type and complexity of survey. 1 A typical residential lot survey might cost $300-$1,000 depending on local rates and the size and type of parcel; placing permanent stone or metal boundary markers may be optional at $100-$300 each.", "National Average. As of 2015, home improvement resource Home Advisor cites $470 as the national average cost for a land survey, with most homeowners paying between $320 and $620. The home improvement website ImproveNet quotes approximately $360 to $470. On the high end, land surveys can be upwards of $900. As an hour rate, land survey fees range from $50 to $220 per hour, according to CostHelper.com.", "Land Surveyor Costs. The costs to survey an average residential home is $300 to $800. The cost will depend on the layout and accessibility. It will also be based on how complex the job is and how detailed the reports need to be. Furthermore, price will always vary from company to company.", "1 Ramsey Surveying in Arkansas estimates a typical lot survey for less than a half acre at $500 in subdivisions newer than 1970 and $750 for subdivisions older than 1950, with boundary surveys on up to 10 acres starting at $750-$850, and 10-20 acre parcels at $1,750 or more. 1 A typical residential lot survey might cost $300-$1,000 depending on local rates and the size and type of parcel; placing permanent stone or metal boundary markers may be optional at $100-$300 each.", "Several factors shape the final bill of a land survey. The cost of hiring a professional surveyor is not so straightforward as paying for routine repair work or even a home inspection. The price varies widely not only by locality and surveyor but also by dozens of project-specific details. Nationally, the average cost to purchase a land survey is about $760 with a range between about $630 and nearly $900. However, these figures may be adjusted by location. Among the most fundamental of cost factors is the project scope; a 1-acre lot will cost less to survey than 2,000 acres. Land surveys are binding, professionally certified pieces of evidence that precisely state the true and legal boundaries of your property. A survey may be needed when you carry out major renovations or additions on your premises." ], "url": [ "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/architects-and-engineers/hire-a-land-surveyor/", "http://home.costhelper.com/land-surveyor.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8669171_average-land-survey-cost.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/land-surveyor.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/land-surveyor.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8669171_average-land-survey-cost.html", "http://www.costowl.com/home-improvement/other-hire-land-surveyor-cost.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/land-surveyor.html", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/land-survey-cost-estimator" ] }

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[ "His difficulties preclude him from leading a normal life." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The shock of what he saw and heard has, as I write, put him into a condition that precludes him from talking about it. 2 As a Catholic, she was looked upon with suspicion by the government and the people of England-a situation that precluded her from being at her husband's side during his coronation.", "Verb [edit]. preclude ‎(third-person singular simple present precludes, present participle precluding, simple past and past participle precluded). ( 1 transitive) Remove the possibility of; rule out; prevent or exclude; to make impossible.", "transitive verb. 1 To make impossible, as by action taken in advance; prevent. 2 See Synonyms at prevent. 3 To exclude or prevent (someone) from a given condition or activity: Modesty precludes me from accepting the honor.", "View synonyms. 1.1 (preclude someone from) (Of a situation or condition) prevent someone from doing something: his difficulties preclude him from leading a normal life. More example sentences. 1 The shock of what he saw and heard has, as I write, put him into a condition that precludes him from talking about it.", "(Example from ODO). Remove the possibility of; rule out; prevent or exclude; to make impossible. It has been raining for days, but that doesn’t preclude the possibility that the skies will clear by this afternoon! You are correct that there is some overlap between preclude and both prevent and exclude.", "Full Definition of PRECLUDE. transitive verb. 1. archaic: close. 2. : to make impossible by necessary consequence: rule out in advance. — pre·clu·sion \\-ˈklue-ˈklü\\ zhən. — noun·pre·clu \\-sive-ˈklue, -ˈklü\\ siv. — ziv·adjective·pre·clu sive. Ly adverb see preclude Defined-for english. language learners", ": to make (something) impossible: to prevent (something) from happening." ], "url": [ "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/preclude", "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/preclude", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/preclude", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/preclude", "http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/118305/preclude-vs-exclude-vs-prevent", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/preclude", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/preclude" ] }

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[ "$1.1 billion" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Lessons from the Past: MGM Grand Fire. Smoke billows from the MGM Grand on Nov. 21, 1980. The aftermath of the fire in the MGM Grand's casino area, a 450,000 square foot area. November 21, 2010, marks the 30th anniversary of the MGM Grand fire in Las Vegas. Most of our senior peers from that era certainly remember the MGM tragedy.", "Other expensive Las Vegas properties cost a fraction of the price, such as the Bellagio, which cost half the price at US$533,000 per room. The most expensive hotel property in the world was previously the Grand Wailea Resort in Maui, Hawaii, which cost US$775", "Levi Ellyson, PRNewsFoto/MGM Grand. The renovated Grand King Suite at the MGM Grand. MGM Resorts International announced Oct. 11 it will embark on a $160 million remodel of the MGM Grand's main tower. MGM Resorts is embarking on a $160 million remodeling of its signature hotel, MGM Grand. Company officials announced Tuesday that every hotel room in the main tower of MGM Grand will receive a makeover. That’s 3,570 guest rooms and 642 suites.", "The 112-acre MGM Grand opened in December 1993 at a cost of $1.1 billion. It was the world's largest hotel at the time, with four 30-story towers, 5,044 rooms and 751 suites." ], "url": [ "http://www.firehouse.com/article/10465399/lessons-from-the-past-mgm-grand-fire", "https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/World%27s_most_expensive_hotel-casino_opens_in_Las_Vegas", "http://vegasinc.com/business/2011/oct/11/mgm-plans-160-million-hotel-renovation/", "http://vegasinc.com/business/tourism/2013/mar/08/how-much-does-it-cost-build-strip-megaresort/" ] }

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[ "Dr Jonas Salk who, with the help of his colleagues at University of Pittsburgh Medical School, discovered the polio vaccine itself." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When the polio vaccine was discovered, it couldn’t have happened at a better time. More and more outbreaks had been occurring since the turn of the century. In 1952 alone, the CDC estimated that there were over 21,000 paralytic cases of polio in the USA. Well like many medical breakthroughs, there were a succession of findings by many scientists which led to an ultimate polio vaccine. But it was a scientist by the name of Dr Jonas Salk who, with the help of his colleagues at University of Pittsburgh Medical School, discovered the polio vaccine itself. Dr Jonas Salk was the son of Orthodox Polish-Jewish immigrants and was born in New York in 1914", "Two polio vaccines are used throughout the world to provide immunity to the virus that causes poliomyelitis (or polio). The first was developed by Jonas Salk through the use of HeLa cells and first tested in 1952. Announced to the world by Dr Thomas Francis Jr. on 12 April 1955, it consists of an injected dose of inactivated (dead) poliovirus. An oral vaccine was developed by Albert Sabin using attenuated or weakened poliovirus. The two vaccines have eliminated polio from most countries in the world, and reduced the worldwide incidence from an estimated 350,000 cases in 1988 to just 223 cases in 2012. In November 2013, the World Health Organization announced a polio outbreak in Syria.", "Even before another successful vaccine was discovered, Dr. Salk's discovery had reduced polio and its effects by 97 percent. Today, polio is not a familiar disease to younger Americans, and many have difficulty appreciating the magnitude of the disorder that the Salk vaccine virtually wiped from the face of the Earth. Until 1957, when the Salk vaccine was introduced, polio was considered one of the most frightening public health problems in the world. In the postwar United States, annual epidemics were increasingly devastating.", "In about 98% of cases, polio is a mild illness, with no symptoms or with viral-like symptoms. In paralytic polio, the virus leaves the digestive tract, enters the bloodstream, and then attacks nerve cells. Fewer than 1%-2% of people who contract polio become paralized. Poliomyelitis, shortened, became polio. For a time, polio was called infantile paralysis, though it did not affect only the young. Cause of Polio. Polio is caused by one of three types of poliovirus (which are members of the Enterovirus genus).", "Category: when was polio vaccine discovered, polio vaccine history, who invented the polio vaccine : (polio vaccine discovered history). Back to top: When was polio vaccine discovered / polio vaccine history. Enter your search terms Submit search form. Well like many medical breakthroughs, there were a succession of findings by many scientists which led to an ultimate polio vaccine. But it was a scientist by the name of Dr Jonas Salk who, with the help of his colleagues at University of Pittsburgh Medical School, discovered the polio vaccine itself. Dr Jonas Salk was the son of Orthodox Polish-Jewish immigrants and was born in New York in 1914", "Oral polio vaccine (OPV) is an attenuated vaccine, produced by the passage of the virus through non-human cells at a sub-physiological temperature, which produces spontaneous mutations in the viral genome. Oral polio vaccines were developed by several groups, one of which was led by Albert Sabin. Other groups, led by Hilary Koprowski and H.R. Cox, developed their own attenuated vaccine strains. In 1958, the National Institutes of Health created a special committee on live polio vaccines. The two vaccines have eliminated polio from most countries in the world, and reduced the worldwide incidence from an estimated 350,000 cases in 1988 to just 223 cases in 2012. In November 2013, the World Health Organization announced a polio outbreak in Syria.", "1894, first outbreak of polio in epidemic form in the U.S. occurs in Vermont, with 132 cases. 1908, Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper identify a virus as the cause of polio by transmitting the disease to a monkey. 1916, large epidemic of polio within the United States. 1921, Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) contracts polio at age 39.", "Polio used to be very common in the United States and caused severe illness in thousands of people each year before polio vaccine was introduced in 1955. Most people infected with the polio virus have no symptoms; however, for the less than 1% who develop paralysis it may result in permanent disability and even death. There are two types of vaccine that protect against polio: inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). IPV is given as an injection in the leg or arm, depending on the patient's age. Polio vaccine may be given at the same time as other vaccines. Most people should get polio vaccine when they are children. Children get 4 doses of IPV at these ages: 2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months, and a booster dose at 4-6 years. OPV has not been used in the United States since 2000 but is still used in many parts of the world" ], "url": [ "http://www.sleepydust.net/polio-vaccine-discovered-history.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio_vaccine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salk_vaccine", "http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/polio", "http://www.sleepydust.net/polio-vaccine-discovered-history.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio_vaccine", "http://amhistory.si.edu/polio/timeline/", "http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/polio/default.htm" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Recommendation: Buy Forever Stamps! Welcome! Price of a Stamp is a simple reference site which keeps track of the current stamp price. Bookmark it if you find it handy — it’s always kept up with the most current info from the USPS. The price of a stamp increased by three cents to 49 cents, effective January 26, 2014. Of course, if you own “forever” stamps, the value of your stamp goes up automatically when the rates increase, so there’s not much to worry about. Stamps work with single-piece First-Class Mail — basically, a standard letter", "Medium parcels. If you need to send something a little larger, then a Medium Parcel size may be what you need. 1 Send a Medium Parcel, up to 20kg-prices start from only £4.89 by Royal Mail 2nd Class. ", "$2.04. You can attach stamps to large envelopes and small packages to be sent through First Class Mail as long as you’ve met USPS’s weight restrictions. It costs $0.98 to send the first ounce of a large envelope and $2.04 for the first 3 ounces of a small package. ", "Mark Mavroudis, Stamp Collector. 22.1k Views. A letter can be sent to Canada from the U.S. using International First-Class Mail for as low as $0.80 (as long as the weight of the letter is not over 1 ounce). Exact rates based on weight (and for destinations other than Canada) can be found at the USPS website: http://www.usps.com/price s/first..", "Summary of the 2015 Postage Rate Increase: 1 First Class Mail Letters (1 oz.) will remain the same at $0.49 when purchased at the Post Office. 2 Each additional ounce will cost $0.22 (up one cent from 2014). ", "Price for first-class stamp rises to 49 cents. It's going to cost you a few pennies more to mail a letter. The cost of a first-class postage stamp is now 49 cents — 3 cents more than before. Regulators approved the price hike in December, and it went into effect Sunday. Many people won't feel the increase right away: Forever stamps are good for first-class postage at whatever the future rate. Price for first-class stamp rises to 49 cents. It's going to cost you a few pennies more to mail a letter. The cost of a first-class postage stamp is now 49 cents — 3 cents more than before. Post to Facebook.", "The price of a US First Class Stamp in 1913 was 2 cents. It was good for one ounce of First Class Postage. It went up to 3 cents in 1917. 2 people found this useful. Edit. Share to: Mark Swarthout. 775,875 Contributions. Collector for over 40 years, 25+ year member of the APS. Exhibited on a national level. " ], "url": [ "http://priceofastamp.com/", "http://www.postoffice.co.uk/mail/uk-standard", "http://www.stamps.com/usps/first-class-mail/", "https://www.quora.com/How-much-postage-do-I-need-to-put-on-a-regular-letter-sent-from-the-U-S-to-Canada", "http://www.stamps.com/usps/postage-rate-increase/", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/01/26/postage-stamp-price-increase/4914773/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_Cost_of_first_class_stamp_to_Canada" ] }

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[ "Korean.", "Korean" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In South Korea, the language is most often called Hangungmal (한국말), consisting of Hanguk (한국, /hɐːnguk̚/), the South Korean name for Korea, and mal (말, /mal/), meaning speech; the /k̚/ at the end of the first word becomes /ŋ/ by the rules of consonant assimilation in Korean phonology. Many Korean dialects have basic vocabulary that is etymologically distinct from vocabulary of identical meaning in Standard Korean or other dialects, such as South Jeolla dialect /kur/ vs. Standard Korean 입 /ip/ mouth or Gyeongsang dialect /t͡ɕʌŋ.ɡu.d͡ʑi/ vs. Standard Korean /puːt͡ɕʰu/ garlic chives .", "Korean is the official language of South Korea and North Korea. It is also one of the two official languages of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China. Many Korean dialects have basic vocabulary that is etymologically distinct from vocabulary of identical meaning in Standard Korean or other dialects, such as South Jeolla dialect /kur/ vs. Standard Korean 입 /ip/ mouth or Gyeongsang dialect /t͡ɕʌŋ.ɡu.d͡ʑi/ vs. Standard Korean /puːt͡ɕʰu/ garlic chives .", "As North and Soities in the 1950s. It is also one of the two official languages (along with Mandarin) of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in northeastern China. Roots of the language: Korean is usually considered to be an example of a “language isolate,” which means that its roots have not been definitively traced to an older tongue that is also the basis for other major languages.", "There are 48.5 million speakers of Korean in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and another 23.3 million in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea). In addition, Korean is spoken by some 2.7 million people in Chinese provinces bordering North Korea. Korean (Hankukmal 한국어/조선말) is the language of the Korean peninsula in northeast Asia. It is believed that the ancestors of the Korean people arrived in the Korean peninsula and in Manchuria around 4,000 BC.", "Korean is an official language in both North Korea and South Korea, as well as one of the official languages of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China. Korean Language Dialects. There are several dialects throughout North Korea and South Korea. The standard language of South Korea is based on the dialect of the Seoul area, while the North Korean standard is based on the dialect spoken in the Pyongyang area.", "Answer by 823coolcar. Confidence votes 133. Korean, also called Hangul (한국말), is the official language of both North Korea and South Korea. There are no other languages native to the area, and no other languages are widely spoken, although English is a popular second language. ", "the language is Korean, but it is a different dialect than what is used in Seoul, South Korea. Korea uses several different dialects - Busan and Seoul use different dialec … ts and so does North Korea. + 1 other found this useful. Many North Koreans who have defected to South Ko … rea have had to take brush up courses on the dialect of Korean spoken in Seoul, South Korea. As another example Konglish, the use of English using the Korean phoentic alphabet, is not practised in North Korea though it is widely", "Korean, known in the language itself as Kugo, is the language of the Korean Peninsula in northeast Asia. In the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK, or North Korea) there are 20 million speakers and in the Republic of Korea (ROK, or South Korea) there are 42 million speakers. Language Variation. Officially, there are two standard varieties of Korean in Korea: the Seoul dialect in South Korea and the Phyong'yang dialect in North Korea. The dialects are distinguished and regulated by each country's national language policy. Regional dialects roughly correspond to province boundaries." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language", "http://www.mapsofworld.com/languages-of-the-world/korean.html", "http://aboutworldlanguages.com/korean", "https://www.alsintl.com/resources/languages/Korean/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_languages_are_spoken_in_Korea", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_language_in_Korea", "http://asiasociety.org/korean-language" ] }

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[ "An unleavened bread traditionally eaten by Jews during the Passover festival, when chametz is forbidden.", "Matzo is an unleavened cracker-like bread that is traditionally eaten at Passover. It is made with flour and water, and it is the flour-containing product that is deemed to be Kosher for passover.Matzo meal is made by finely grinding matzo crackers into a breadcrumb-like consistency.atzo is an unleavened cracker-like bread that is traditionally eaten at Passover." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "At the Passover seder, it is customary to eat matzah made of flour and water; matzah containing eggs, wine, or fruit juice in addition to water is not considered acceptable for use at the seder. The flour can be made from the five grains mentioned in the Torah: wheat, barley, spelt, rye and oats. Matzah brei is a dish of Ashkenazi origin made from matzah soaked in water and fried with eggs. These items are made from matzah meal, or finely ground matzah sometimes called cake meal, used as a binder in baked goods.", "Most commercially-made matzo is about as tasty as the cardboard box it comes in. We imagine that making it ourselves has to be an improvement and we're curious to give it a try. The downside to making matzo at home is that it's difficult to keep it kosher. Jewish law gives us only 18 minutes from the time the flour is first mixed with water to get the breads cooked. If you're speedy and work in small batches, you can just accomplish this at home.", "Tweet. Matzah is unleavened bread made from one of five species of grain – wheat, barley, spelt, rye, and oats – mentioned in the Torah. The Torah commands Jews to eat matzah during Passover in Exodus 12:18 : In the first month [i.e. ", "Matzo is a type of flatbread which is made in Jewish communities all over the world. This bread is traditionally eaten during Passover, when people of the Jewish faith are not allowed to eat leavened breads, and it also appears in recipes used throughout the year. Mix in a large bowl: Three big eggs, one cup matzo meal, half a cup of warm water, a teaspoon of salt and a fourth cup of chicken fat. Mix it thoroughly and chill it overnight or for four hours. Boil half a pot of water and sink a onion in it.", "Beat the eggs, oil, and seasonings in a mixing bowl. Fold in the matzo meal and mix until fully incorporated. Store the mixture, covered, in the refrigerator for a minimum of 2 hours, or overnight. Boil 12 cups of water in a 4 to 5-quart saucepan. Directions. ", "A popular type of enriched matzo or non-standard matzo is egg matzo made with-you guessed it-eggs. Matzo that is made with additional ingredients beyond the two basic and standard ingredients: water and flour, is called Matzo Ashirah in Hebrew, meaning Enriched Unleavened Bread or simply, Enriched Matzo. The flour produced from the grain that is used in making the matzo dough-be it barley, oats, rye, spelt, or wheat flour-must be completely dry and is also stored in a dark, cool place overnight just prior to being used in the matzo-making process.", "Matzo is an unleavened cracker-like bread that is traditionally eaten at Passover. It is made with flour and water, and it is the flour-containing product that is deemed to be Kosher for passover. Matzo meal is made by finely grinding matzo crackers into a breadcrumb-like consistency. ", "There are numerous explanations behind the symbolism of matzah. One is historical: Passover is a commemoration of the exodus from Egypt. The biblical narrative relates that the Israelites left Egypt in such haste they could not wait for their bread dough to rise; the bread, when baked, was matzah. (Exodus 12:39). Matzah brei is a dish of Ashkenazi origin made from matzah soaked in water and fried with eggs. These items are made from matzah meal, or finely ground matzah sometimes called cake meal, used as a binder in baked goods.", "Matzo, matza or matzah (Hebrew: מַצָּה ‎; plural matzot; matzos, matzus of Ashkenazi Hebrew dialect) is an unleavened bread traditionally eaten by Jews during the Passover festival, when chametz (bread and other food made with leaven) is forbidden according to Jewish religious law. Matzah brei is a dish of Ashkenazi origin made from matzah soaked in water and fried with eggs. These items are made from matzah meal, or finely ground matzah sometimes called cake meal, used as a binder in baked goods.", "Matzo meal (also spelled matzah meal and matzoh meal) is a food product that is made by grinding matzo bread, a traditional Jewish food. There are a wide range of uses for it in Jewish cuisine, and as a result, it is usually in stock at stores which carry Jewish foods. Basically, this is a type of breadcrumbs or cracker meal; Jewish cuisine often calls for matzo meal because it is presumed to be kosher, since matzo is a Jewish food. One of the most famous uses for this meal is in matzo balls, dumplings made from meal, eggs, and oil that are cooked in boiling broth or water." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matzo", "http://www.thekitchn.com/try-this-homemade-matzo-81256", "http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/matzah.html", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-matzo.htm", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/matzo-balls-recipe.html", "http://www.angelfire.com/pa2/passover/faq/matzo.html", "http://bakingbites.com/2011/04/what-is-matzo-meal/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matzo", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matzo", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-matzo-meal.htm" ] }

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[ "An Interior Angle of a polygon is the angle formed inside it by any two adjacent sides of the polygon." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "METHOD 2: The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a triangle is 180 degrees. Since all the sides of equilateral triangles are the same length, all the angles are the same... The interior angles of an equilateral triangle are all 60 degrees.", "1 Number of interior angles in a polygon = number of sides of the polygon. 2 Sum of the measures of any interior angle and the corresponding exterior angle in a polygon is 180°. 3 In a simple polygon, each vertex has one interior angle.", "More About Interior Angle. 1 Number of interior angles in a polygon = number of sides of the polygon. 2 Sum of the measures of any interior angle and the corresponding exterior angle in a polygon is 180°. 3 In a simple polygon, each vertex has one interior angle.", "Note the behavior of the interior angles and their sum. The interior angles of a polygon are those angles at each vertex that are on the inside of the polygon. There is one per vertex. So for a polygon with N sides, there are N vertices and N interior angles.", "1 An Interior Angle of a polygon is the angle formed inside it by any two adjacent sides of the polygon. 2 When two lines are cut by a third line (transversal), then the angles formed inside the lines are called Interior Angles.", "The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a convex polygon with n sides is. Example : Find the sum of the measures of the interior angles of an octagon. Solution: An octagon has 8 sides. So, n = 8. Substitute 8 for n in the formula. The sum of the measures of the interior angles of an octagon = (8 - 2)180°.", "The sum of the interior angles of any regular polygon of n sides is equal to 180(n - 2) degrees. In this instance, the sum of the interior angles of a decagon is equal to 180 … x (10 - 2) = 1440 degrees. (10-2)*180 = 8*180", "Definition of Interior Angle. 1 An Interior Angle of a polygon is the angle formed inside it by any two adjacent sides of the polygon. 2 When two lines are cut by a third line (transversal), then the angles formed inside the lines are called Interior Angles.", "Interior Angles The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a triangle is 180 degrees. Since all the sides of equilateral triangles are the same length, all the angles are the same... The interior angles of an equilateral triangle are all 60 degrees." ], "url": [ "http://www.coolmath4kids.com/interior.html", "http://www.icoachmath.com/math_dictionary/Interior_Angle.html", "http://www.icoachmath.com/math_dictionary/Interior_Angle.html", "http://mathopenref.com/polygoninteriorangles.html", "http://www.icoachmath.com/math_dictionary/Interior_Angle.html", "http://hotmath.com/hotmath_help/topics/polygon-interior-angles-sum-theorem.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_definition_of_the_sum_on_interior_angles", "http://www.icoachmath.com/math_dictionary/Interior_Angle.html", "http://www.coolmath4kids.com/interior.html" ] }

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[ "yes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Check the capacity of your washing machine to determine it is large enough. Most home washing machines can handle twin and full size comforters. Most high capacity front load washers can handle down comforters. If you have to crumple the comforter to get it in you should bring it to a nearby laundromat.", "Now, after having made sure that your washing machine is large enough, load the down comforter into it and use either gentle cycle or hand wash if you have it. Remember down comforters require a very minimal amount of detergent. Putting too much will cause the cleaning agent to strip the down.", "1 Take care not to clean a down comforter too often as it can break down the feathers. 2 Alternatives to washing your down comforter are purchasing a dry-clean kit for your dryer and using a duvet cover to protect the bedding.", "Load the down comforter and down-cleansing detergent into a front-loading washing machine. If you don't have a front-loading washing machine, go to the laundromat. Down comforters become heavy and bulky with water and can damage the balance of top-loading washing machines. Comforters can also become tangled and rip in washing machines that are too small. 1 Go Easy on It.", "1 Alternatives to washing your down comforter are purchasing a dry-clean kit for your dryer and using a duvet cover to protect the bedding.", "1 After the water and mild detergent are thoroughly mixed, place the down comforter loosely into the washing machine. 2 Place a pair of clean white canvas tennis shoes, with laces removed, into the washing machine to help keep the down evenly distributed; they will also aid in the washing process.", "A down comforter can be washed in a washing machine, but it may need to be shifted around to keep it from getting burn spots. Give a down comforter plenty of time to dry after removing it from a washing machine with help from a professional house cleaner in this free video on down comforter cleaning tips.", "3. Run the comforter through two rinse cycles to ensure all the soap has been washed out. 4. Dry the comforter in an XL capacity dryer on low. This may take a few hours but will ensure that all the down is completely dry to prevent mold growth." ], "url": [ "http://www.downcomforterguide.org/can-you-wash-a-down-comforter/", "http://www.downcomforterguide.org/can-you-wash-a-down-comforter/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Clean-a-Down-Comforter-at-Home", "http://www.overstock.com/guides/best-way-to-wash-a-down-comforter", "http://www.wikihow.com/Clean-a-Down-Comforter-at-Home", "http://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-clean-down-comforters/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oPeJCZKFho", "http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/how-to-wash-a-down-comforter-105347" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Polytechnic University Salary. Polytechnic University average salary is $55,221, median salary is $49,020 with a salary range from $26,000 to $140,000. Polytechnic University salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Polytechnic University salary is full-time annual starting salary.", "Nova Southeastern University, the University of Florida and the University of Central Florida round out the top five average salaries. Harvard University led the nation with an average professor salary of $198,000. Bethune-Cookman University had the lowest average salary reported among Florida schools at $68,300. Check out the Chronicle of Education’s data here.", "Florida Polytechnic University in Lakeland as seen from the road. Nola Laleye. See the full database of salaries for employees at Florida Polytechnic University for Spring 2014. You can view the entire list in the chart below, or search by last name in the search function underneath the chart.", "Florida Polytechnic University in Lakeland as seen from the road. Nola Laleye. The data is from the Florida Has a Right to Know website. The Tampa Bay Business Journal will follow up with updated Spring 2014 salary data for the University of South Florida. View New College of Florida salary data here. Nola Laleye. See the full database of salaries for employees at Florida Polytechnic University for Spring 2014. You can view the entire list in the chart below, or search by last name in the search function underneath the chart.", "Hurricane instructors are paid an average of $140,800 for the 2011-2012 school year. More interesting is the number two school on the list: The University of South Florida Polytechnic. Professors at the Lakeland school earn $124,400 on average, or $17,200 more than the average professor at the flagship Tampa campus. University of South Florida at St. Petersburg professors also earn more than their colleagues at the Tampa campus. Harvard University led the nation with an average professor salary of $198,000. Bethune-Cookman University had the lowest average salary reported among Florida schools at $68,300. Check out the Chronicle of Education’s data here.", "Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience. The average beginner in this position makes around $62K, but folks who have been around for five to 10 years see a markedly higher median salary of $63K. Assistant Professors bring in $64K after working for 10 to 20 years. Assistant Professors in the United States can expect to earn an average of $62K annually. Compensation ranges between $45K and $98K per year. The most important factor affecting compensation for this group is the specific employer, followed by geography and experience level.", "Description. Build the next great university! Florida’s newest state university is looking for exceptional candidates to fill the positions of Assistant Professors (9003), Associate Professors (9002) and Full Professors (9001) in the following concentrations areas: 1 Digital Logic Design. Florida Polytechnic University was created by the Florida legislature in 2012 to be the state’s STEM – focused four-year public university, with a range of innovative undergraduate and graduate programs.", "Glassdoor gives you an inside look at what it's like to work at Florida Polytechnic University, including salaries, reviews, office photos, and more. This is the Florida Polytechnic University company profile. All content is posted anonymously by employees working at Florida Polytechnic University. 1 Salaries by Job. ", "For many Professors, more experience generally translates to higher pay. Those who have worked for fewer than five years take home a median salary of $58K, and workers with five to 10 years of experience earn a higher $70K on average. Professors bring in $87K after working for 10 to 20 years. Professors in the United States are often veterans in their line of work, with close to four-fifths bringing more than 10 years of experience to the table. Salaries slide in at $88K annually on average but can range from $50K to $158K per year." ], "url": [ "http://www.salarylist.com/company/Polytechnic-University-Salary.htm", "https://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/2012/04/10/university-of-miami-reports-highest-florida-professor-pay/", "http://www.bizjournals.com/tampabay/news/2014/10/03/database-florida-polytechnic-university-salaries.html", "http://www.bizjournals.com/tampabay/news/2014/10/03/database-florida-polytechnic-university-salaries.html", "https://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/2012/04/10/university-of-miami-reports-highest-florida-professor-pay/", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Assistant_Professor%2c_Postsecondary_%2f_Higher_Education/Salary", "https://floridapolytechnic.org/job/faculty-assistant-associate-full-professors-computer-engineering/", "https://www.glassdoor.ca/Overview/Working-at-Florida-Polytechnic-University-EI_IE836564.11,41.htm", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Professor%2c_Postsecondary_%2f_Higher_Education/Salary" ] }

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[ "Both hard and soft tissue structures." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In its anterior/superior potion the pharynx joins the nasal cavity and this upper portion is called the nasopharynx.. The midportion of the pharynx, where it joins the oral cavity, is called the oropharynx.. Thus the tongue lies in both the oral cavity and the pharynx. Key Points. 1 The oral cavity and oropharynx are spaces defined by both hard and soft tissue structures. 2 The oral cavity has muscle and bony boundaries, but the pharynx is a muscular tube. 3 An embryologic/evolutionary definition is useful for understanding the impact of birth defects.", "1 The oral cavity and oropharynx are spaces defined by both hard and soft tissue structures. 2 The oral cavity has muscle and bony boundaries, but the pharynx is a muscular tube. 3 An embryologic/evolutionary definition is useful for understanding the impact of birth defects. Key Points. 1 The oral cavity and oropharynx are spaces defined by both hard and soft tissue structures. 2 The oral cavity has muscle and bony boundaries, but the pharynx is a muscular tube. 3 An embryologic/evolutionary definition is useful for understanding the impact of birth defects.", "The throat, or pharynx, is a funnel-shaped tube located in the posterior of the mouth. The pharynx connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the esophagus and larynx in the neck. The region of the throat behind the mouth is known as the oropharynx and forms the posterior wall of the mouth. The mouth contains many other organs-such as the teeth, tongue, and the ducts of the salivary glands-that work together to aid in the ingestion and digestion of food. The mouth also plays a major role in the production of speech through the movements of the tongue, lips and cheeks.", "The nasopharynx is the superior region of the pharynx found in the posterior of the nasal cavity. Inhaled air from the nasal cavity passes into the nasopharynx and descends through the oropharynx, located in the posterior of the oral cavity. Air inhaled through the oral cavity enters the pharynx at the oropharynx. ", "The Oropharynx. The oropharynx is the middle part of the pharynx, located between the soft palate and the superior border of the epiglottis. It contains: 1 Posterior 1/3 of the tongue. 2 The lingual tonsils – Located inferiorly to the tongue. 3 The palatine tonsils – Found in the tonsillar fossa between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches of the oral cavity. 1", "1. Define the anatomic boundaries of the oropharynx and hypopharynx. Oropharynx: The oropharynx is a three dimensional structure bounded anteriorly by the anterior pillars of the pharyngeal fauces (the palatoglossus muscle), the circumvallate papillae (sulcus terminales) or the junction of the hard and soft palates. Oropharynx. : The oropharynx is a three dimensional structure bounded anteriorly by the. anterior pillars of the pharyngeal fauces (the palatoglossus muscle), the circumvallate.", "The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is an organ found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though the structure is not universally the same across the species. In humans the pharynx is part of the digestive system and also of the conducting zone of the respiratory system. The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. It is also important in vocalization. There are two sets of pharyngeal muscles that act upon the pharynx. These are arranged as an inner layer of longitudinal muscles and an outer circular layer.", "It makes up the part of the throat situated immediately posterior to the nasal cavity, posterior to the mouth and superior to the esophagus and larynx. The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. It is also important in vocalization. There are two sets of pharyngeal muscles that act upon the pharynx. These are arranged as an inner layer of longitudinal muscles and an outer circular layer.", "Oral cavity cancer, or just oral cancer, is cancer that starts in the mouth (also called the oral cavity). Oropharyngeal cancer starts in the oropharynx, which is the part of the throat just behind the mouth. Many types of tumors (abnormal growths of cells) can develop in the oral cavity and oropharynx. They fit into 3 general categories: 1 Benign or non-cancerous growths that do not invade other tissues and do not spread to other parts of the body." ], "url": [ "http://www.nature.com/gimo/contents/pt1/full/gimo5.html", "http://www.nature.com/gimo/contents/pt1/full/gimo5.html", "http://www.innerbody.com/image_digeov/dige28-new.html", "http://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/respiratory", "http://teachmeanatomy.info/neck/viscera/pharynx/", "http://www.uvm.edu/medicine/surgery/documents/OroHypopharyngealCarcinoma1.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharynx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharynx", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/oralcavityandoropharyngealcancer/detailedguide/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer-what-is-oral-cavity-cancer" ] }

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[ "The set of all mental abilities and processes related to knowledge, attention, memory and working memory, judgment and evaluation, reasoning and computation , problem solving and decision making, comprehension and production of language, etc." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Test Now. T he general cognitive ability test (also known as aptitude tests or general intelligence assessment) is one of the most powerful predictors of future work performance. Find out more about LOTF and cognitive ability testing. This broad range of question types and difficulty levels means that the Revelian Cognitive Ability Test provides a comprehensive assessment of general cognitive ability.", "These and other different approaches to the analysis of cognition are synthesised in the developing field of cognitive science, a progressively autonomous academic discipline. Within psychology and philosophy, the concept of cognition is closely related to abstract concepts such as mind and intelligence. Cognition is a word that dates back to the 15th century when it meant thinking and awareness. Attention to the cognitive process came about more than twenty-three centuries ago, beginning with Aristotle and his interest in the inner workings of the mind and how they affect the human experience.", "Lesson Summary. Cognitive skill development in children involves learning skills, such as attention, memory and thinking. Genetic makeup is responsible for some cognitive ability, but most cognitive skills are learned and therefore can be improved with proper training. Children develop cognitive skills rapidly in the first few years of life and build on them progressively throughout grade school. In this lesson, you'll learn about three essential cognitive skills, as well as explore cognitive milestones from two to 12 years of age.", "The word cognition comes from the Latin verb cognosco (con 'with' and gnōscō 'know') (itself a cognate of the Greek verb γι(γ)νώσκω gi(g)nόsko, meaning 'I know, perceive' (noun: γνώσις gnόsis 'knowledge')) meaning 'to conceptualize' or 'to recognize'. Cognition is a word that dates back to the 15th century when it meant thinking and awareness. Attention to the cognitive process came about more than twenty-three centuries ago, beginning with Aristotle and his interest in the inner workings of the mind and how they affect the human experience.", "Cognitive impairment occurs when problems with thought processes occur. It can include loss of higher reasoning, forgetfulness, learning disabilities, concentration difficulties, decreased intelligence, and other reductions in mental functions. ", "Cog­ni­tion has to do with how a per­son under­stands and acts in the world. It is the set of abil­i­ties or processes that are part of nearly every human action. Cog­ni­tive abil­i­ties are brain-based skills we need to carry out any task from the sim­plest to the most com­plex. They have more to do with the mech­a­nisms of how we learn, remem­ber, problem-solve, and pay atten­tion rather than with any actual knowl­edge", "In neuropsychology and cognitive psychology, cognitive ability, or intelligence or executive functioning is the level of functioning in intellectual tasks demonstrating the capacity to control and planfully apply one's own mental skills. Cognitive Psychology: Attention · Decision making · Learning · Judgement · Memory · Motivation · Perception · Reasoning · Thinking-Cognitive processes Cognition-Outline Index.", "The Cognitive Abilities Test (CogAT) is a group-administered K–12 assessment intended to estimate students' learned reasoning and problem solving abilities through a battery of verbal, quantitative, and nonverbal test items. The test purports to assess students' acquired reasoning abilities while also predicting achievement scores when administered with the co-normed Iowa Tests.", "Cognition is the set of all mental abilities and processes related to knowledge, attention, memory and working memory, judgment and evaluation, reasoning and computation , problem solving and decision making, comprehension and production of language, etc. Cognition is a word that dates back to the 15th century when it meant thinking and awareness. Attention to the cognitive process came about more than twenty-three centuries ago, beginning with Aristotle and his interest in the inner workings of the mind and how they affect the human experience.", "Cognitive skill development in children involves the progressive building of learning skills, such as attention, memory and thinking. These crucial skills enable children to process sensory information and eventually learn to evaluate, analyze, remember, make comparisons and understand cause and effect. Children develop cognitive skills rapidly in the first few years of life and build on them progressively throughout grade school. In this lesson, you'll learn about three essential cognitive skills, as well as explore cognitive milestones from two to 12 years of age." ], "url": [ "http://www.revelian.com/cognitive-ability-test/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognition", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-cognitive-skills-in-children-development-definition-training.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognition", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/cognitive-impairment", "http://sharpbrains.com/blog/2006/12/18/what-are-cognitive-abilities/", "http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Cognitive_abilities", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_Abilities_Test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognition", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-cognitive-skills-in-children-development-definition-training.html" ] }

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[ "Mitochondria in liver cells contain enzymes that allow them to detoxify ammonia, a waste product of protein metabolism. A mutation in the genes regulating any of these functions can result in mitochondrial diseases." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The function of the mitochondria in a plant cell is to support the function of the cell and the structure. The mitochondria usually has a membrane which has folds that are … stretched to provide a wider surface area for cellular activities. 1 person found this useful. An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. The main function of the mitochondria is the … production of energy, in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The cell uses this energy to perform the specific work necessary for cell survival and function", "Mitochondria Structure and Functions. Mitochondria are called the 'powerhouse of the cell'. They contain a number of enzymes and proteins that help process carbohydrates and fats obtained from the food we eat to release energy. Read on to know about the structure and functions of the organelle. Although mitochondria are present in every cell, they are found in high concentrations in the muscle cells that require more energy. Though the primary function of mitochondria is to produce energy, they also play an important role in the metabolism and synthesis of certain other substances in the body.", "The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. Some mitochondrial functions are performed only in specific types of cells. For example, mitochondria in liver cells contain enzymes that allow them to detoxify ammonia, a waste product of protein metabolism. A mutation in the genes regulating any of these functions can result in mitochondrial diseases.", "Mitochondria Mitochondria are rod-shaped organelles that can be considered the power generators of the cell, converting oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the chemical energy currency of the cell that powers the cell's metabolic activities.", "The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. thread, and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. granule or grain-like. Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. Some mitochondrial functions are performed only in specific types of cells. For example, mitochondria in liver cells contain enzymes that allow them to detoxify ammonia, a waste product of protein metabolism. A mutation in the genes regulating any of these functions can result in mitochondrial diseases.", "Mitochondria are well-defined cytoplasmic organelles of the cell which take part in a variety of cellular metabolic functions. Survival of the cells requires energy to perform different functions. The mitochondria are important as the fact that these organelles supply all the necessary biological energy of the cell, and they obtain this energy by oxidizing the substrates of the Krebs cycle. Functions of Mitochondria. The most prominent function of mitochondria is to produce energy to the cell in the form of ATP through oxidative respiration process. It also regulates the metabolic activity of the cell.", "The main function of mitochondria is the production of energy during the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via the TCA Cycle (which is also as the Krebs Cycle and the Citric Acid Cycle). That process is an important metabolic pathway (see also what is metabolism). Production of energy. ATP Synthesis. The main function of mitochondria is the production of ATP. According to many textbooks: Energy production within cells is the main function of mitochondria. However, some students are told not to state that mitochondria produce or create energy.", "The mitochondria provide energy for the cell. They are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they provide the location for the production of ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate). ATP is produced by aerobic respiration such as glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport. An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. The main function of the mitochondria is the … production of energy, in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The cell uses this energy to perform the specific work necessary for cell survival and function" ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_the_mitochondria", "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/mitochondria-structure-and-functions.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion", "http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/mitochondria/mitochondria.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion", "http://biology.tutorvista.com/animal-and-plant-cells/mitochondria.html", "http://www.ivyroses.com/Biology/Organelles/Function-of-Mitochondria.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_the_mitochondria" ] }

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[ "Chlorophyte and Charophyte" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Life History and Growth. Green seaweed, or green algae, consists of many diverse species. Although most predominant in fresh water, green seaweeds have many marine representatives, including green fleece, hollow green weed, and sea lettuce. ", "The green algae (singular: green alga) are a large, informal grouping of algae consisting of the Chlorophyte and Charophyte algae, which are now placed in separate Divisions. The land plants or Embryophytes (higher plants) are thought to have emerged from the Charophytes. There are about 8,000 species of green algae. Many species live most of their lives as single cells, while other species form coenobia (colonies), long filaments, or highly differentiated macroscopic seaweeds. A few other organisms rely on green algae to conduct photosynthesis for them.", "Green seaweeds. Characteristics: Green colour from chlorophyll a and b in the same proportions as the 'higher' plants; beta-carotene (a yellow pigment); and various characteristic xanthophylls (yellowish or brownish pigments). Food reserves are starch, some fats or oils like higher plants. ", "Types of Seaweed. The simplest of the seaweeds are among the cyanobacteria, formerly called the blue-green algae, and green algae (division Chlorophyta), found nearest the shore in shallow waters and usually growing as threadlike filaments, irregular sheets, or branching fronds. The brown algae (division Phaeophyta), in which brown pigment masks the green of the chlorophyll, are the most numerous of the seaweeds of temperate and polar regions. They grow at depths of 50 to 75 ft (15–23 m).", "Seaweed refers to several species of macroscopic, multicellular, marine algae that live near the seabed (benthic). The term includes some members of the red, brown, and green algae. Seaweeds can also be classified by use (as food, medicine, fertilizer, filtration, industrial, etc.). The study of seaweed is known as phycology", "Brown algae is the largest type of algae. Brown algae is in the phylum Phaeophyta, which means dusky plants.. Brown algae is brown or yellow-brown in color and found in temperate or arctic waters. Brown algae typically have a root-like structure called a holdfast to anchor the algae to a surface. 3. Green Algae-the Chlorophyta. There are more than 4,000 species of green algae. Green algae may be found in marine or freshwater habitats, and some even thrive in moist soil. These algae come in 3 forms: unicellular, colonial or multicellular.", "Green seaweeds. Green seaweeds are usually found in the intertidal zone (between the high and low water marks) and in shallow water where there is plenty of sunlight. About 140 species have been recorded around the coast.", "The green algae include unicellular and colonial flagellates, most with two flagella per cell, as well as various colonial, coccoid and filamentous forms, and macroscopic, multicellular seaweeds. In the Charales, the closest relatives of higher plants, full cellular differentiation of tissues occurs. There are about 8,000 species of green algae. Many species live most of their lives as single cells, while other species form coenobia (colonies), long filaments, or highly differentiated macroscopic seaweeds. A few other organisms rely on green algae to conduct photosynthesis for them.", "Seaweed descriptions and pictures. Here is a selection of 200 or so of the larger seaweeds from the north-eastern Atlanic, many of which occur in Norway, Britain, Ireland, Atlantic France and Spain, and in Portugal. Web pages have so far been completed for those with links (underlined). ", "The most commonly eaten seaweed in this group is sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca). Most green algae are found in freshwater. There are approximately 5,000 species of marine green algae. Once washed ashore, seaweed seems to be nothing more than gooey, smelly, fly-infested garbage. However, as unpalatable as they might seem, seaweeds are, in fact, extremely important plants." ], "url": [ "http://www.edc.uri.edu/restoration/html/gallery/plants/green.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_algae", "http://www.seaweed.ie/algae/chlorophyta.php", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/seaweed-types-seaweed.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seaweed", "http://marinelife.about.com/od/plants/tp/typesofalgae.htm", "http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/seaweed/page-2", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_algae", "http://www.seaweed.ie/descriptions/", "http://www.motherearthnews.com/real-food/guide-edible-seaweed-ze0z1404zjhar.aspx" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Deerfield Beach is a city in Broward County, Florida, USA. It is located just south of the Palm Beach County line. The city is named for the numerous deer that once roamed the area.", "The largest Deerfield Beach racial/ethnic groups are White (54.8%) followed by Black (25.3%) and Hispanic (15.6%). In 2013, the median household income of Deerfield Beach residents was $38,629. Deerfield Beach households made slightly more than Chokoloskee households ($38,611) and Tavares households ($38,543) . However, 19.0% of Deerfield Beach residents live in poverty. The median age for Deerfield Beach residents is 42.9 years young.", "19.4%. According to our research of Florida and other state lists there were 39 registered sex offenders living in Deerfield Beach, Florida as of October 07, 2015. The ratio of number of residents in Deerfield Beach to the number of sex offenders is 1,986 to 1.", "The 2014 Deerfield Beach, Florida, population is 75,724. There are 5,019 people per square mile (population density). The median age is 43.9. The US median is 37.2. 44.60% of people in Deerfield Beach, Florida, are married.", "As of 2010, the total population of Deerfield Beach is 75,018, which is 16.16% more than it was in 2000. The population growth rate is lower than the state average rate of 17.64% and is much higher than the national average rate of 9.71%.", "Description. Deerfield Beach is a city in Broward County, Florida, USA. The city is named for the numerous deer that once roamed the area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 75,018." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deerfield_Beach,_Florida", "http://www.florida-demographics.com/deerfield-beach-demographics", "http://www.city-data.com/city/Deerfield-Beach-Florida.html", "http://www.bestplaces.net/people/city/florida/deerfield_beach", "http://www.usa.com/deerfield-beach-fl-population-and-races.htm", "http://www.mapquest.com/us/fl/deerfield-beach-282040204" ] }

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[ "The average, or normal, good cholesterol in men is 42 to 44 mg/dL at all ages; while the average good cholesterol in women is 53 mg/dL before age 30, 57 mg/dL at ages 30 to 39, 58 mg/dL at ages 40 to 49, 60 mg/dL at ages 50 to 59 and 62 mg/dL above 60." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cholesterol levels should be measured at least once every five years in everyone over age 20. The screening test that is usually performed is a blood test called a lipid profile. Experts recommend that men ages 35 and older and women ages 45 and older be more frequently screened for lipid disorders. Your total cholesterol level is in the Desirable range, but your level of bad LDL cholesterol is High. This may mean that your level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or good cholesterol, is too low. It is best to have a high level of good HDL and a low level of bad LDL.", "A diet high in saturated and trans fats raises LDL cholesterol. Triglycerides Triglyceride is the most common type of fat in the body. Normal triglyceride levels vary by age and sex. A high triglyceride level combined with low HDL cholesterol or high LDL cholesterol is associated with atherosclerosis, the buildup of fatty deposits in artery walls that increases the risk for heart attack and stroke. ", "Normal cholesterol levels for children and adolescents are lower than for adults. Children should keep total cholesterol to 170 milligrams per deciliter or less and LDL cholesterol to less than 110 milligrams per deciliter. Maintaining your cholesterol levels within the normal range helps reduce your risk for heart disease. Doctors urge patients to keep their total cholesterol at less than 20", "Men's average bad cholesterol is 136 mg/dL before age 30, 149 mg/dL when they're 30 to 39, 162 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49, 165 mg/dL when they're 50 to 59 and 164 mg/dL when they're above 60, according to Controlling Cholesterol The Natural Way.. Men's average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above. Below age 40, men's average total cholesterol is 185 mg/dL but for women it is 183 mg/dL.", "The average, or normal, good cholesterol in men is 42 to 44 mg/dL at all ages; while the average good cholesterol in women is 53 mg/dL before age 30, 57 mg/dL at ages 30 to 39, 58 mg/dL at ages 40 to 49, 60 mg/dL at ages 50 to 59 and 62 mg/dL above 60. Men's average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above. Below age 40, men's average total cholesterol is 185 mg/dL but for women it is 183 mg/dL.", "High: ages 0 to 9: 100 mg/dL or higher, ages 10 to 19: 130 mg/dL or higher. The American Heart Association recommends that all adults have their cholesterol checked every four to six years, starting at age 20, which is when cholesterol levels can start to go up. As we age, cholesterol levels tend to rise. Men are generally at a higher risk than women", "Age is a major factor in the amount of cholesterol in your blood. Being older than 45 years old if you're a man and older than 55 if you're a woman is a risk factor for having a cholesterol problem, according to the U.S. government's National Cholesterol Education Program, or NCEP. Men's average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above. Below age 40, men's average total cholesterol is 185 mg/dL but for women it is 183 mg/dL.", "Total cholesterol above 200 mg/dL is a risk factor, the NCEP reports. Men's average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above. Below age 40, men's average total cholesterol is 185 mg/dL but for women it is 183 mg/dL.", "Adult Normal Levels. Maintaining your cholesterol levels within the normal range helps reduce your risk for heart disease. Doctors urge patients to keep their total cholesterol at less than 200 milligrams per deciliter.", "The American Heart Association recommends that adults over age 20 check their cholesterol at least every five years. Normal levels, the readings that support good health, are the same for all adults, but age affects your risk for high cholesterol. Maintaining your cholesterol levels within the normal range helps reduce your risk for heart disease. Doctors urge patients to keep their total cholesterol at less than 200 milligrams per deciliter." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/cholesterol-management/guide/understanding-numbers", "http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/AboutCholesterol/What-Your-Cholesterol-Levels-Mean_UCM_305562_Article.jsp", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/age-normal-cholesterol-7975.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/275091-normal-cholesterol-levels-by-age/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/275091-normal-cholesterol-levels-by-age/", "http://www.healthline.com/health/high-cholesterol/levels-by-age", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/275091-normal-cholesterol-levels-by-age/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/275091-normal-cholesterol-levels-by-age/", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/age-normal-cholesterol-7975.html", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/age-normal-cholesterol-7975.html" ] }

[]

[ "Between $361.88 - $617.28" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Estimated Cost for a Commercial Kitchen in a Small Business. The more complicated your commercial kitchen design, the more expensive it will be. Comstock/Stockbyte/Getty Images. In most states and counties, legitimate food businesses must cook and bake in commercial kitchens licensed by local health agencies. You may have to pay rent for at least a few months while you are making your kitchen production-ready, and you will also have to pay a health department licensing fee, which can range from less than a hundred dollars to nearly a thousand dollars depending on the county, state and licensing agency.", "RE: How much cost should I anticipate for installing a commercial ventilation hood in a restaurant (TN, USA) ?? I am looking for a contractor to buy and install a hood system (for a restaurant project). I look for 10'x4' stainless steel exhaust canopy hood with fire suppression (and so on that should be required). ", "Best Answer: i do a lot of kitchen work exhaust refer. a/c etc. Kitchen exhaust is very expensive.all the ductwork needs to be welded water tight stainless steel. which can run upwards of 400 a linear foot installed. the hood itself can cost about 5000 plus install. I would like an educated guess from others out there about how much this should cost us. Here are our mechanical specs for the system per our architect and... Source(s): cost retrofitting building commercial kitchen exhaust hood system: https://tr.im/Nvkr7. Gypsy · 2 months ago.", "The Extras. In addition to the cost of setting up your commercial kitchen, you may need to pay a damage deposit that likely will total about a month's rent. Your landlord may also ask you to pay your last month's rent along with your first month's. You may have to pay rent for at least a few months while you are making your kitchen production-ready, and you will also have to pay a health department licensing fee, which can range from less than a hundred dollars to nearly a thousand dollars depending on the county, state and licensing agency.", "Like I said, I was fortunate-in the right place at the right time. Installation-keeping in mind that the cost can vary wildy depending on many circumstances, I paid $5000 to a heating & air contractor for installation and wiring of a 12-foot exhaust hood. That cost included new exhaust and make-up air fans (one each), ductwork and welding. ", "The electrical for each unit will run about the same as for the hood. I would probably figure about $2,500-$3,000 for the install once there is an opening for access and electrical available. You will also need a drain for when you defrost it and the cost of the drain depends on the distance to an accessible sewer line. Each drain will also need a trap primer. Assuming that you are supplying the hood and all materials, I would figure on $1,200-$1,500 for a basic installation. If the duct work is greater than say 10', then I would add $500 for every 10'. If it will be exiting the building through metal (metal siding or metal roofing), then I would add another $500", "$617.28. Get an INSTANT estimate of the cost to Install a Vent Hood! Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Vent Hood Installation project. For a basic 1 hood project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install a Vent Hood ranges between $361.88 - $617.28 per hood. To estimate costs for your project:", "Cooking produces grease, moisture, heat and smoke-all of which take a toll on your cabinets and walls. Installing a range hood will remove unwelcome odors and improve kitchen ventilation. Range hood installation is easier than you think. Use these helpful instructions to safely install a range hood in your kitchen. These instructions describe the installation of a range hood under a cabinet. Different hoods are available for kitchen island ranges. If you want to replace an existing vent-free hood with a vented one or put a vented hood in a new location, you'll need to install ductwork that leads to the outside of the home.", "The cost of renting a commercial kitchen usually runs $10 to $25 per hour as of 2013, although some commercial kitchens offer unlimited access packages for $600 to $800 per month. Although renting a commercial kitchen saves money, it does usually limit the space and time you have available for kitchen production. You may have to pay rent for at least a few months while you are making your kitchen production-ready, and you will also have to pay a health department licensing fee, which can range from less than a hundred dollars to nearly a thousand dollars depending on the county, state and licensing agency." ], "url": [ "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/estimated-cost-commercial-kitchen-small-business-74630.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070309203310AAjXOMX", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060711143739AA8wYEJ", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/estimated-cost-commercial-kitchen-small-business-74630.html", "http://forums.foodservice.com/index.cfm?FSF_action=view_thread&FSF_ID=15835", "http://www.justanswer.com/home-improvement/2mt0y-approximatelly-install-commercial-kitchen-hood.html", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_vent_hood.html", "http://www.lowes.com/projects/kitchen-and-dining/install-a-range-hood/project", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/estimated-cost-commercial-kitchen-small-business-74630.html" ] }

[]

[ "65 to 75 percent" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "On average students who purchase our TEAS V test prep materials score higher on their exam. The Test of Essential Academic Skills (TEAS V) is used as part of the admissions process by Nursing and Allied Health schools nationwide.*. For more information on the TEAS allied health products email us today. It is recommended that you take an online TEAS V practice test when you are just starting to prepare for the TEAS V test. After taking the practice test, you will be provided with a score report that will highlight a list of topics to review based upon your performance on the practice test.", "The scores are also helpful in approaching nursing schools since a good score makes your application impressive. Good performance in TEAS shows your potential even if you have a considerably average GPA of about 3 or 3.5. Sending TEAS Score Report. The ATI sends the scores of TEAS to the nursing schools electronically. Students can request ATI to send their scores to any of the nursing schools. For this they are required to pay an additional fee.", "Explore AP See what students are saying about AP and how it helps them prepare for college and beyond. This is a discussion on What is the TEAS V national average score for ADN level students in Georgia State Nursing Programs, part of Georgia Nursing. Comments are closed. ", "Jun 24, '11 by keepmovingrn. I dont there really is away to study for the science portion on the TEAS. If I were you I would focus on Math, English and Reading and be sure to get high scores in that. The science was soooooooo random......Seriously........ Let me know how you do. i am not sure wht the national average is i am applying to chatt tech to and when i spoke to a some there they said that last year the lowest score was and 84 and the highest was a 98. they also said that they expect a ten point drop this year so i presume that between 88-74.", "When asked, the adviser at Chattahoochee Tech responds with a shrug and the non-committal comment, We don't know what the national average is; you'll have to apply to (the Rn program) find out.. My score is 75%, my assessment states the National mean(average) is 63.3% and the Program mean(average) is 64.7%. Let me know how you do. i am not sure wht the national average is i am applying to chatt tech to and when i spoke to a some there they said that last year the lowest score was and 84 and the highest was a 98. they also said that they expect a ten point drop this year so i presume that between 88-74.", "This refers to the mean scores of all applicants that apply to that particular college. This is the score that every applicant has to surpass. Most good schools have average TEAS V test scores of above 80-85%. As the quality of the nursing program or school goes down, the average scores that it asks for also reduces. This refers to the scores of all students who have attempted the TEAS in a particular state or in the whole country. Generally, the national mean score is within the range of 65 to 75 percent. The standard scores usually lie within the range of 60 to 70 percent for most nursing schools. For the best nursing schools and programs in the country, this value can go up to 85 percent.", "0. Jun 7, '11 by jpatel3006. i am not sure wht the national average is i am applying to chatt tech to and when i spoke to a some there they said that last year the lowest score was and 84 and the highest was a 98. they also said that they expect a ten point drop this year so i presume that between 88-74. Let me know how you do. i am not sure wht the national average is i am applying to chatt tech to and when i spoke to a some there they said that last year the lowest score was and 84 and the highest was a 98. they also said that they expect a ten point drop this year so i presume that between 88-74.", "Recommended and required score minimums are subject to change without notice. 1 The TEAS Exam is not a pass or fail test. 2 The recommended Reading score for all Nursing programs is 69.0% or higher. 3 Dental Hygiene will require a 70% Adjusted Individual Score or higher on the TEAS V exam. 1 TEAS V scores are valid for just two years. 2 If the TEAS V exam was taken more than two years before the application deadline, then you will need to re-test. 3 If your scores on the TEAS exam do not meet the recommended or required minimums, then we strongly encourage you" ], "url": [ "https://www.atitesting.com/Solutions/pre-program/TEAS.aspx", "http://www.testpreppractice.net/TEAS/teas-scores.aspx", "http://taiganati.blog.com/2013/04/21/what-is-the-average-score-on-the-teas-v-exam/", "http://allnurses.com/georgia-nursing/what-is-the-575109.html", "http://allnurses.com/georgia-nursing/what-is-the-575109.html", "http://www.testpreppractice.net/TEAS/average-teas-v-test-scores.html", "http://allnurses.com/georgia-nursing/what-is-the-575109.html", "http://www.ccbcmd.edu/Programs-and-Courses/Schools-and-Academic-Departments/School-of-Health-Professions/School-of-Health-Professions-Admissions-Office/TEAS-Testing.aspx" ] }

[]

[ "30 minutes per pound" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Preheat the oven to 450 degrees F. Place the oven rack in the lower third of the oven so the lamb will sit in the middle of the oven. Peel 6 of the cloves of garlic and place them in the bowl of a food processor fitted with the steel blade. Add the rosemary, 1 tablespoon salt, 1 teaspoon pepper, and butter. Place the lamb on top of the potatoes and roast for 1 1/4 to 1 1/2 hours, or until the internal temperature of the lamb is 135 degrees (rare) or 145 degrees (medium).", "1 Place leg of lamb on a rack in a roasting pan. 2 Preheat oven to 325 degrees and bake leg of lamb uncovered for 30 minutes per pound or until internal temperature reaches 120 to 130 degrees at the thickest point. 1 Preheat oven to 325 degrees and bake leg of lamb uncovered for 30 minutes per pound or until internal temperature reaches 120 to 130 degrees at the thickest point.", "Ingredients. 1 1 (7-pound) semi-boneless leg of lamb, aitchbone removed, fat trimmed to 1/4-inch thick, and lamb tied. 2 8 garlic cloves. 3 1 cup flat-leaf parsley. 4 1/4 cup fresh mint leaves. 5 2 teaspoons lemon zest. 6 2 lemons, juiced. 7 1 tablespoon kosher salt. 8 1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper. 9 1/2 cup olive oil. 10 Pita bread, wrapped in foil and .... Preheat oven to 425 degrees F. Roast lamb in middle of oven for 20 minutes, reduce heat to 350, and cook until an instant-read thermometer inserted 2 inches into thickest part of meat (not touching bone) registers 135 degrees F, about 1 3/4 hours.", "Pour marinade over lamb and potatoes. Roast 20 minutes. Reduce oven to 400 degrees, and roast until an instant-read thermometer registers 130 degrees for medium-rare, 40 to 45 minutes. Remove from oven. Directions. Place lamb in a large, shallow, nonreactive dish. Using a paring knife, make 1/2-inch-deep slits all over lamb, spacing 2 inches apart; insert 1 garlic slice into each slit. Pour lemon juice over top. Add marjoram, crushed garlic, and 3 tablespoons oil to dish. Turn lamb to coat.", "Place in the bottom of a large roasting pan. Place the lamb on top of the potatoes and roast for 1 1/4 to 1 1/2 hours, or until the internal temperature of the lamb is 135 degrees (rare) or 145 degrees (medium). Remove from the oven and put the lamb on a platter; cover tightly with aluminum foil", "1 Season lamb with all the ingredients listed, making sure that they are evenly distributed. 2 Place leg of lamb on a rack in a roasting pan. 3 Preheat oven to 325 degrees and bake leg of lamb uncovered for 30 minutes per pound or until internal temperature reaches 120 to 130 degrees at the thickest point. 1 Preheat oven to 325 degrees and bake leg of lamb uncovered for 30 minutes per pound or until internal temperature reaches 120 to 130 degrees at the thickest point.", "1 boneless leg of lamb (about 4 to 5 lbs) 2 tablespoons fresh rosemary 2 tablespoons fresh thyme 2 tablespoons fresh oregano 4 cloves garlic Olive oil Salt & pepper. Preheat the oven to 450ºF. While the oven is heating, finely chop the herbs and garlic or use a food processor like we did. A 4 to 5 pound boneless leg of lamb, rolled and tied, takes about 30 minutes per pound in a 325 degree oven. This of course depends on the exact size of your lamb and the actual temperature of your oven. Just because you set your oven at 325 doesn’t mean it is accurate." ], "url": [ "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/ina-garten/herb-roasted-lamb-recipe.html", "http://www.food.com/recipe/boneless-leg-of-lamb-22650", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/bobby-flay/roasted-leg-of-lamb-recipe.html", "http://www.marthastewart.com/313735/roast-boneless-leg-of-lamb-with-potatoes", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/ina-garten/herb-roasted-lamb-recipe.html", "http://www.food.com/recipe/boneless-leg-of-lamb-22650", "http://www.reluctantgourmet.com/roast-boneless-leg-of-lamb/" ] }

[]

[ "Between $326 to $460." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The average cost of replacing the bearings, irrespective of the car model and location is around $330. Quoting one replacement estimate would be difficult as it varies from car to car. Moreover, in one car, there are two types of bearings: one front and a rear bearing. Since the bearings are usually replaced in pairs, the total cost for parts may double up to $100 to $400. The replacement procedure is not that simple and about an hour of labor is involved in replacement. The labor cost is usually $70 to $150", "1 A car model such as a Toyota Corolla has parts available for $20 to $110. 2 When labor is factored in, the total labor costs can cost anywhere from $350 to as much as $1,000 depending on the complexity of the job. 1 For the parts alone, wheel bearings can cost anywhere from $20 to as much as $205 for only the part. 2 For example, Amazon has a parts selector that allows you to check for your particular model.", "1 According to the website RepairPal.com, a user had asked what wheel bearings would cost on a 1997 Honda Accord. 2 According to the answers, the price would range anywhere from $60 to $85 for the part itself and upwards of 2 hours for the labor. 1 For the parts alone, wheel bearings can cost anywhere from $20 to as much as $205 for only the part. 2 For example, Amazon has a parts selector that allows you to check for your particular model.", "It depends front or rear. The front cartridge style bearing is about $60 to $85 and about 1.8 to 2 hours labor. The hub may also be damaged if the bearing was badly worn. About an hour to replace the rear wheel bearing hub assemble, look at www.rockauto.com for price of part. Upvote (14).", "To do it yourself, about £25 for the taper bearings and the cost of a pot of high melting point grease. It's a simple job if you have some knowledge of vehicle maintenance. At a garage, the cost of labour would be about £60 - £70 plus parts and VAT. In total around £100. Cheap. Probably around $10 each for bearings (you need to buy TWO, always replace BOTH when you change one), and another $5 for new seals (always use new seals), and about $4 for wheel bearing grease. So about $29, assuming you do it yourself.", "Labor and Part Costs. The cost of a wheel hub (assembly or bearings) can start from as low as $60 and go well over a hundred dollars. The make and model of your car, will determine the exact price. Wheel hub replacement costs can vary from car to car as well as who you buy them from. ", "about $300 for each wheel is a good estimated price. $300 is an extremely high estimate and probably get both rear axel bearings done for that amount. Front wheel bearings are … much simpler to change and probably can get them done for $100 to $125 for each side. Shop around because if your going to pay $300 a wheel, your paying too much. I replaced one front wheel bearing on our 2002 Explorer XLT and the part was $216 and Labor $120 - total $336. The explanation for the high cost w … as that the wheel bearing is more than just the wheel bearing itself-it's an assembly.", "Labor: $194 - $246. Parts: $132 - $214. The average cost for a wheel bearing replacement-front is between $326 to $460. Labor costs are estimated between $194 to $246 while parts are priced between $132 to $214. Get a personalized estimate based on your location and specific car. Estimate does not include taxes and fees. " ], "url": [ "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/wheel-bearing-replacement-cost.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/wheel-bearings-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/wheel-bearings-cost/", "http://repairpal.com/how-much-does-it-cost-to-change-wheel-bearings-015", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080127141631AAaAkaC", "http://www.buyautoparts.com/howto/how-much-does-a-wheel-hub-cost.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_cost_of_changing_wheel_bearings_on_a_car", "http://repairpal.com/estimator/front-wheel-bearing-replacement-cost" ] }

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[ "Around 55 degrees F" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "What you don't want is to store your wine at room temperature or warmer for an extended period of time. At the very least, it will speed the aging of the wine, but more likely you'll end up cooking the bottle, robbing the wine of its aromas and flavors. Every wine will have its own optimal serving temperature. Now, red wines should be stored around 55 degrees, if you can manage it. (A portable wine fridge, or well-insulated basement, can suffice.) So you'll want to give your syrah an hour or two at room temperature to warm up a bit.", "Dual-zone wine refrigerators can store two types of wine at two different temperatures. Set one compartment at a temperature between 50 and 65 degrees Fahrenheit for red wine and set the other between 45 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit for white wine. Store red wines for up to ten years and white wines for up to three years. 1 Adjust the Temperature Gradually, When Necessary. Wine refrigerators, also known as wine coolers, are made to chill wine to the appropriate temperature. Regular refrigerators are subject to constant activity, which causes the temperature to fluctuate. This is not appropriate for wine, which must be stored at a constant", "So, just to recap, red wines between 62-68 degrees optimal serving temperature, and white wines probably between 49-55 degrees. If you live in a house that is over 70 degrees, maybe put it in the fridge for 30 minutes before serving it, this is a red wine. ", "Best Answer: long term storage between 52 - 54 for both reds and whites. You can actually store both reds and whites together. I tend to keep my friend set on the setting for whites, which is slightly colder than the reds. When preparing to serve, I stick the white in the fridge for about half hour to chill down to 41. ", "1 The greater the changes in temperature a wine suffers, the greater the premature aging of the wine from over breathing. 2 The temperature should never fluctuate more than 3°F (1.6°C) a day and 5°F (2.7°C) a year, especially with red wines, which will suffer more temperature-related problems than white wines. 1 Wine storage temperature should not go over 75˚F (24°C), for longer than brief spans of time. 2 At 75°F, wine begins to oxidize. 3 An ideal temperature for storing a varied wine collection is 54°F (12.2°C). 4 Letting the temperature drop below 54°F won't hurt the wine; it'll only slow down the aging process.", "The typical kitchen refrigerator also holds a pretty hefty motor that causes a constant vibration throughout the unit. Long-term vibration is a contentious enemy of wine. How Long Should I Store White Wine. The vast majority of the white wines (and red wines for that matter) are intended to be consumed within 2-3 years. In general, most mass market white wines are freshest upon release and are best opened as close to their vintage year as possibl", "by coolerman on. The best temperature for storing all wines – reds, whites, champagnes, and ports – is around 55 degrees (F). For long-term storage – 6 months or more-you really want to stay around this temperature. For short-term storage, the temperature doesn’t matter as much. Many casual wine drinkers are aware of the problems with heat in wine storage, and some may opt to store their wine in the kitchen fridge. However, this is not a good practice, for a number of reasons. First, the temperature is actually too cold, and if left there long-term, can actually “flatten” the taste of the wine.", "Wine Temperature. Lesson Objectives: Know how temperature affects a wine in storing and serving. Know the proper temperature to store / cellar your wine. Know which temperature will bring the best aroma out of a bottle of wine. " ], "url": [ "http://www.today.com/food/perfect-temperature-wine-2D80555109", "http://www.overstock.com/guides/how-to-store-wine-in-a-wine-refrigerator", "http://winefolly.com/tutorial/white-red-wine-temperature/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071108183024AA3hCiO", "http://www.wikihow.com/Store-Wine", "http://wine.about.com/od/whitewines/a/howtostorewine.htm", "http://www.winecoolerreviews.com/what-temperature-should-i-store-my-wine-at/", "http://www.bettertastingwine.com/temperature.html" ] }

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[ "Any of a group of endogenous peptides (as enkephalin) found especially in the brain that bind chiefly to opiate receptors and produce some pharmacological effects (as pain relief) like those of opiates; specifically: beta-endorphin.", "Endorphins are the body’s natural opiates, designed to relieve stress and enhance pleasure. It's common knowledge that exercising releases endorphins, a chemical in your brain that leads to feelings of happiness, even euphoria. But exercise isn’t the only thing thing you can do to release endorphins." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Endorphins are natural pain killing substances found in the human brain. The name comes from endogenous (meaning within) and morphine (morphine being a pain killer). This is due to an elevation in endorphins, which are the body's natural pain reduction and pleasure chemicals that are produced in the brain. After time, more and more nicotine is needed to achieve the same pleasurable feeling, leaving the smoker addicted.", "Beta-endorphins, or B-endorphins, are substances created by the pituitary gland. They specifically function as neurotransmitters, or conductors of messages between nerve cells. Beta-endorphins can enhance a person's mood and create feelings of relaxation. Beta-endorphins are substances created by the pituitary gland. Yoga and other exercise spurs the pituitary gland to create more endorphins, the body's natural pain medication. B-endorphins circulate around the spinal cord.", "What Are Endorphins. Endorphins are created in response to certain stimuli, such as fear, pain or stress. They come from different parts of the body, including the pituitary gland, the brain and the nervous system. They are neurotransmitters, which means they can prompt or suppress the signaling of nearby neurons. ", "Endorphins are the body’s natural opiates, designed to relieve stress and enhance pleasure. It's common knowledge that exercising releases endorphins, a chemical in your brain that leads to feelings of happiness, even euphoria. But exercise isn’t the only thing thing you can do to release endorphins. ", "Definition of ENDORPHIN. : any of a group of endogenous peptides (as enkephalin) found especially in the brain that bind chiefly to opiate receptors and produce some pharmacological effects (as pain relief) like those of opiates; specifically: beta-endorphin. ADVERTISEMENT.", "At least 20 types of endorphins have been demonstrated in humans. Endorphins can be found in the pituitary gland, in other parts of the brain, or distributed throughout the nervous system. Stress and pain are the two most common factors leading to the release of endorphins. Endorphins interact with the opiate receptors in the brain to reduce our perception of pain and act similarly to drugs such as morphine and codeine. In contrast to the opiate drugs, however, activation of the opiate receptors by the body's endorphins does not lead to addiction or dependence.", "When you exercise, your body releases chemicals called endorphins. These endorphins interact with the receptors in your brain that reduce your perception of pain. Endorphins also trigger a positive feeling in the body, similar to that of morphine. For example, the feeling that follows a run or workout is often described as euphoric.. That feeling, known as a runner's high, can be accompanied by a positive and energizing outlook on life", "Endorphins can be found in the pituitary gland, in other parts of the brain, or distributed throughout the nervous system. Stress and pain are the two most common factors leading to the release of endorphins. Endorphins interact with the opiate receptors in the brain to reduce our perception of pain and act similarly to drugs such as morphine and codeine. In contrast to the opiate drugs, however, activation of the opiate receptors by the body's endorphins does not lead to addiction or dependence.", "In addition to decreased feelings of pain, secretion of endorphins leads to feelings of euphoria, modulation of appetite, release of sex hormones, and enhancement of the immune response. With high endorphin levels, we feel less pain and fewer negative effects of stress. Endorphins interact with the opiate receptors in the brain to reduce our perception of pain and act similarly to drugs such as morphine and codeine. In contrast to the opiate drugs, however, activation of the opiate receptors by the body's endorphins does not lead to addiction or dependence.", "Medical Definition of ENDORPHIN. : any of a group of endogenous peptides (as enkephalin and dynorphin) found especially in the brain that bind chiefly to opiate receptors and produce some of the same pharmacological effects (as pain relief) as those of opiates; specifically: beta-endorphin. : any of a group of endogenous peptides (as enkephalin) found especially in the brain that bind chiefly to opiate receptors and produce some pharmacological effects (as pain relief) like those of opiates; specifically: beta-endorphin. ADVERTISEMENT." ], "url": [ "http://altered-states.net/barry/newsletter260/", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-are-beta-endorphins.htm", "http://www.symptomfind.com/health/what-are-endorphins/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Release-Endorphins", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/endorphin", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090121174539AASLYQS", "http://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/exercise-depression", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=55001", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=55001", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/endorphin" ] }

[]

[]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Not everyone who doesn’t have insurance will be charged a fee or will get cost assistance. 2 How much you pay for your premium depends on your income and household size. 3 Location, income, smoking status, family size and age all affect the cost of your health insurance premium. 1 How much you pay for your premium depends on your income and household size. 2 Location, income, smoking status, family size and age all affect the cost of your health insurance premium. 3 ObamaCare subsidizes those with incomes ranging from 139% to 400% of the FLP (federal poverty level).", "If you lose your group health insurance coverage under one of the state or local health insurance plans administered by this Department, you may be eligible to continue your coverage at group rates for up to 36 months. 1 However, if you were previously covered under the Wisconsin Retirement System for at least 6 months (and have not since taken a WRS benefit), you must apply for health coverage within 30 calendar days of your first day of employment.", "Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance) covers a glaucoma test once every 12 months for people at high risk for glaucoma. The screening must be done or supervised by an eye doctor who's legally allowed to do this test in your state. ", "Ophthalmologist salary in USA. Ophthalmology doctors who possess 1 to 5 years of experience earn reported salary in the range of $105,015 to $249,468 per year. Those with 6 to 10 years of experience usually make between $125,228 and $276,000 per year. An average expected wage for an ophthalmology doctor in Canada averages anywhere from C$ 246,000 – C$ 261,000 per year. Typically, this means that Canadian doctors earn an average annual salary (before taxes) of a little above $225,000 each year.", "Flat Fee Versus Percentage of Income. The penalty for going without health insurance involves a flat fee or a percentage of taxable income, depending on which is greater. In 2014, the tax began at $95 per adult and $47.50 per child (up to $285 for a family) or 1 percent of annual income, whichever is greater. Beginning Nov. 15, millions of uninsured Americans with low and moderate incomes will be eligible for tax credits (to help pay premium costs) and government subsidies (to help pay out-of-pocket expenses) when they purchase health insurance in the online marketplaces created by the law.", "(per hour and annual). Ophthalmologists employed in the US typically earn salaries that range from $112,745 to $385,128 a year. A median hourly wage for ophthalmologists is $98.46 as of 2015. An average expected wage for an ophthalmology doctor in Canada averages anywhere from C$ 246,000 – C$ 261,000 per year. Typically, this means that Canadian doctors earn an average annual salary (before taxes) of a little above $225,000 each year.", "In 2015, the penalty begins at $325 per adult and $162.50 per child (up to $975 for a family) or 2 percent of annual income, whichever is greater. By 2016, the tax is $695 per adult and $347.50 per child (up to $2,085 for a family) or 2.5 percent of annual income, whichever is greater. Beginning Nov. 15, millions of uninsured Americans with low and moderate incomes will be eligible for tax credits (to help pay premium costs) and government subsidies (to help pay out-of-pocket expenses) when they purchase health insurance in the online marketplaces created by the law.", "***NEW Healthcare Options in Wisconsin for 2014: Families who do not qualify for BadgerCare Plus or who do not currently have health insurance will be able to apply for insurance through the Health Insurance Marketplace starting on October 1st. Example 1: Adding the child to an existing policy. 1 A parent's monthly income is $2,500. 2 5% of the monthly income is $125. 3 The parent now pays $900/month for his or her employer's family health insurance (the coverage is for a parent and a new spouse).", "If you are a state employee, or if you are a local employee covered by the Wisconsin Retirement System and your employer has elected to participate in the state health insurance program, you are probably eligible to enroll in one of the health insurance plans administered by the Department of Employee Trust Funds. 1 However, if you were previously covered under the Wisconsin Retirement System for at least 6 months (and have not since taken a WRS benefit), you must apply for health coverage within 30 calendar days of your first day of employment.", "The average annual salary earned by an ophthalmology doctor in Australia can range anywhere from AUD 153,000 at the lower end and about AUD 207,000 at the higher end. The median annual salary earned by an experienced practitioner in Australia is nearly AU$128,000. An average expected wage for an ophthalmology doctor in Canada averages anywhere from C$ 246,000 – C$ 261,000 per year. Typically, this means that Canadian doctors earn an average annual salary (before taxes) of a little above $225,000 each year." ], "url": [ "http://obamacare-guide.org/wisconsin", "http://etf.wi.gov/members/benefits_health_ins.htm", "https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/glaucoma-tests.html", "http://www.healthassistancepartnership.org/ophthalmologist-salary/", "http://health.usnews.com/health-news/health-insurance/articles/2014/11/14/should-i-pay-the-obamacare-tax-penalty", "http://www.healthassistancepartnership.org/ophthalmologist-salary/", "http://health.usnews.com/health-news/health-insurance/articles/2014/11/14/should-i-pay-the-obamacare-tax-penalty", "http://dcf.wisconsin.gov/bcs/med/default.htm", "http://etf.wi.gov/members/benefits_health_ins.htm", "http://www.healthassistancepartnership.org/ophthalmologist-salary/" ] }

[]

[ "PA-40" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In the case of incorrectly reported income (whether under-or over-reported), you should also file a federal tax amendment form to correct the errors in your federal tax return. You have two options to amend your Pennsylvania amended tax return: Download and complete Form PA-40 and Form PA-40X yourself. The amended tax return should be filed within 3 years of the filing deadline for the original tax return, or 2 years from the time when tax was paid, whichever is later.", "PART 1 Lines 1a through 8 Column (A) padirectfile has pre-populated the amounts of income or unreimbursed business expenses from your original PA-40 personal income tax return or most recently amended PA-40 personal income tax return on the corresponding lines of Schedule PA-40X. If you claimed Tax Forgiveness on your original or most recently amended PA-40, or if you are amending the Tax Forgiveness credit claimed, you must also complete Liens 19 and 20 on your amended PA-40 return.", "Pennsylvania State Tax Amendment Forms (download, print out, fill out, and mail). To file an amendment, the taxpayer must fill out Form PA-40 for the corresponding tax year, clearly printing the words AMENDED RETURN at the top of the form. The amended tax return should be filed within 3 years of the filing deadline for the original tax return, or 2 years from the time when tax was paid, whichever is later.", "To file an amended return on a 2011 through presnet tax year PA-40, Personal Income Tax return, complete the following steps-. 1. Fill in the Amended Return oval and write AMENDED RETURN at the top of the PA tax return. 2. However, if your software supports the amended Pennsylvania return, starting with the 2011 return can be amended using Federal/State e-file. If not using Federal/State e-file and for prior tax years, obtain a PA-40 Individual Income Tax Return and instructions booklet for the year you want to amend.", "Use a PA-40 return from the same tax year you are amending. For example, to amend a 2014 return, use 2014 PA Personal Income Tax return. Then, follow these steps: Fill in the oval on the right-hand side for Amended Return.. Enter the amounts from your original return that you are not changing. Enter your amended amounts. Attach a statement explaining the reason(s) you are filing an amended return. Attach Schedule PA-40X and the amended forms or schedules supporting your amended amounts. Calculate your amended Total PA-Taxable Income. Calculate your PA Tax Liability", "How to File Amended Tax Return. General Information: This function allows you to amend returns for Sales, Use and Hotel Occupancy Tax (PA-3), Employer Withholding Tax (W-3), Public Transportation Assistance Fund Taxes and Fees (PA-4), and Vehicle Rental Tax (PA-5) through e-TIDES. There are two ways to amend a return: Amended returns cannot be filed on the same day as the original return. You must wait one business day before filing an Amended return. Note: You cannot change payment information for Sales Payment Only, Sales Tax Pre-Payments or Employer PA-501 Deposit. To correct payment information please use the Get Assistance link.", "To amend your original Pennsylvania Personal Income Tax return use a PA-40, Personal Income Tax return and starting with tax year 2011 complete and submit a Schedule PA-40X for the tax year that is to be amended and fill in the Amended Return oval at the top of the tax return. However, if your software supports the amended Pennsylvania return, starting with the 2011 return can be amended using Federal/State e-file. If not using Federal/State e-file and for prior tax years, obtain a PA-40 Individual Income Tax Return and instructions booklet for the year you want to amend.", "Note. Do not send a copy of the original PA-40, Personal Income Tax return with the amended PA-40, Personal Income Tax return. Be sure to sign the amended return and mail the amended return with all explanations and attachments to the appropriate address. However, if your software supports the amended Pennsylvania return, starting with the 2011 return can be amended using Federal/State e-file. If not using Federal/State e-file and for prior tax years, obtain a PA-40 Individual Income Tax Return and instructions booklet for the year you want to amend." ], "url": [ "http://www.efile.com/how-to-amend-pennsylvania-state-income-tax-return-form/", "http://www.doreservices.state.pa.us/eServices/padirect/sch_x.htm", "http://www.efile.com/how-to-amend-pennsylvania-state-income-tax-return-form/", "https://revenue-pa.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/864/~/what-if-i-need-to-amend-a-personal-income-tax-return-to-receive-a-refund-of-tax", "https://revenue-pa.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/862/~/how-do-i-correct-the-information-by-filing-an-amended-return%3F", "https://www.etides.state.pa.us/Instructions/AmendedReturn.htm", "https://revenue-pa.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/864/~/what-if-i-need-to-amend-a-personal-income-tax-return-to-receive-a-refund-of-tax", "https://revenue-pa.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/864/~/what-if-i-need-to-amend-a-personal-income-tax-return-to-receive-a-refund-of-tax" ] }

[]

[ "Electromagnetic wave" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Confidence votes 30.4K. Retired US Navy officer, astronomy buff, history nut. No, an X-ray is not a mechanical wave. An X-ray is an electromagnetic wave. However, in polar molecules, an X-ray can cause the molecule to vibrate rapidly, just like a microwave oven can.", "X-rays are very high frequency waves, and carry a lot of energy. They will pass through most substances, and this makes them useful in medicine and industry to see inside things. X-rays are given off by stars, and strongly by some types of nebula. An X-ray machine works by firing a beam of electrons at a target.", "Mechanical waves require a medium to travel through. Examples of mechanical waves are sound waves, water waves, a vibrating string. (See related link). Electromagnetic waves … (such as light, radio waves, X-rays, microwaves) do not need a medium to travel through, so these are not mechanical waves.", "Examples include light waves, radio waves, and X-rays All electromagnetic waves travel through space at the speed of light Since these waves can’t be observed, we study mechanical waves. Electromagnetic Waves. Waves that DO NOT require a medium for motion.", "Electromagnetic waves are a form of energy waves that have both an electric and magnetic field. Electromagnetic waves are different from mechanical waves in that they can transmit energy and travel through a vacuum. Electromagnetic waves are classified according to their frequency." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_an_X-Ray_wave_a_mechanical_wave", "http://www.darvill.clara.net/emag/emagxray.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_an_X-Ray_wave_a_mechanical_wave", "http://scienceclassroom09.wikispaces.com/file/view/Physics+20+Intro+Waves+PPT.pptx", "http://www.ducksters.com/science/physics/types_of_electromagnetic_waves.php" ] }

[]

[ "16 weeks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Being the smallest of the tiger subspecies, the Sumatran Tiger male is only about 120 kilograms (or 265 pounds) and 243 centimetres (or around eight feet) long from head to tail. The female is quite a bit smaller, at an average of 91 kilograms (equivalent to about 200 pounds) and 213 centimetres or seven feet long. ", "Reproduction. The Sumatran tiger can breed at any time of the year but they will generally mate in the winter or spring. After a gestation period of 103 days the female will give birth to two to six cubs. The cubs are born blind and helpless and usually weigh about 1 kilogram (2 lbs). The average length and weight of a male Sumatran tiger is 2.4 metres (8 feett) and 120 kilograms (265 pounds). While the average length and weight of a female Sumatran tiger is 2.2 metres (7 feet) and 90 kilograms (200 pounds). Lifespan.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. The gestation period for Tigers is 16 weeks. The litter size usually consists of around 3 to 4 cubs. Cubs weigh approximately 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) each, which are born blind and helpless. The father of the cubs generally takes no part in rearing them. Tigers have a gestation period of 16 weeks. First of all, babies stay in the mothers uterus (if they were in the stomach, they would be dissolved). The gestation period (time of pregnancy) of a tiger is 104-106 days. Bengal tigers pregnancy last up to approximately 3-4 months and has a litter of approximately 2-4 cub", "Due to the size and power of the Sumatran tiger, it has no natural predators in its native environment. Humans that hunt the Sumatran tiger and habitat loss are the only threats to the Sumatran tiger. After a gestation period of 3 to 4 months, the female Sumatran tiger gives birth to up to 5 cubs. Newborn Sumatran tiger cubs weigh about 1 kg (2 lb) and are blind and helpless. The mother feeds them milk for about 2 months and then the Sumatran tiger cubs are introduced to meat. The Sumatran tiger is the smallest subspecies of tiger in the world, with male Sumatran tigers rarely growing to 2.5 meters in length.", ": The island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Sumatran tigers are distinctive for being the only subspecies to live in isolation on a large island, Sumatra, Indonesia. They have been isolated from their cousins on mainland Asia for something like 10-12,000 years; which occurred after a rise in sea level. ", "The gestation period (or length of the pregnancy) for a Siberian tiger is about 3 to 3 1/2 months. The cubs are born blind and helpless in a secluded den. Tigers have a gestation period of 16 weeks. First of all, babies stay in the mothers uterus (if they were in the stomach, they would be dissolved). The gestation period (time of pregnancy) of a tiger is 104-106 days. Bengal tigers pregnancy last up to approximately 3-4 months and has a litter of approximately 2-4 cubs", "Tigers Birth And Care Of The Young. After a gestation period of 16 weeks (about 3.5 months), a tiger gives birth to a live litter, usually comprising three or four cubs. However, litters of up to seven cubs have been known to occur, although they seldom all survive" ], "url": [ "http://www.tigers.org.za/sumatran-tiger.html", "http://theanimalfacts.com/mammals/sumatran-tiger/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_is_the_gestation_period_for_a_tiger", "http://a-z-animals.com/animals/sumatran-tiger/", "http://www.torontozoo.com/ExploretheZoo/AnimalDetails.asp?pg=401", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_is_the_gestation_period_for_Sumatran_tigers", "http://www.tigers.org.za/birth-and-care-of-the-young.html" ] }

[]

[ "Maxico" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The United Kingdom and the Philippines have good relations. 2 The Philippines has been one of the UK's major recruitment countries for nurses and over 80,000 Filipino nurses and care-givers work in the UK. 3 The total Philippine community in the UK is estimated to be about 150,000. The relations between the United Kingdom and Oman are strong and strategic. In April 2010 the government of Oman stated that it wanted to buy Eurofighter Typhoons from the UK. The United Kingdom has an embassy in Mina al Fahal and Oman has an embassy in London.", "The United States was the first country to recognize the independence of Brazil, doing so in 1808. Brazil-United States relations have a long history, characterized by some moments of remarkable convergence of interests but also by sporadic and critical divergences on sensitive international issues. The Marshall Islands and the United States maintain excellent relations. After more than a decade of negotiation, the Marshall Islands and the United States signed the Compact of Free Association on June 25, 1983.", "But side effects of the treaty should not be ignored. Edward Alden, a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, notes that wages haven't kept pace with labor productivity and that income inequality in the United States has risen in recent years, in part due to pressures on the U.S. manufacturing base. Twenty years after its implementation, the North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA, has helped boost intraregional trade between Canada, Mexico, and the United States, but has fallen short of generating the jobs and the deeper regional economic integration its advocates promised decades ago.", "The Marshall Islands is a sovereign nation in free association with the United States. The Marshall Islands and the United States maintain excellent relations. After more than a decade of negotiation, the Marshall Islands and the United States signed the Compact of Free Association on June 25, 1983.", "Mexico and the United States belong to a number of the same international organizations, including the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank (WB), and World Trade Organization (WTO). Mexico's Membership in International Organizations. Mexico is a strong supporter of the United Nations (UN) and Organization of American States (OAS) systems, and hosted the G-20 Leaders’ Summit in 2012.", "More information about Mexico is available on the Mexico Page and from other Department of State publications and other sources listed at the end of this fact sheet. U.S.-MEXICO RELATIONS. U.S. relations with Mexico are strong and vital. Mexico's Membership in International Organizations. Mexico is a strong supporter of the United Nations (UN) and Organization of American States (OAS) systems, and hosted the G-20 Leaders’ Summit in 2012.", "1 A state has to be recognized diplomatically by other states. 2 A nation is a group of people who share a set of characteristics. 3 At the core of the concept of a nation is the notion that people having commonalities owe their allegiance to the nation and to its legal representative, the state. 1 In the case of the United States and Canada, the state and nation do not coincide, yet a common identity and nationality is forged over time, even in the absence of religious, ethnic, or cultural similarity. 2 In the United States, national values reflecting commonly held ideas are expressed in public rituals.", "The United States has formal diplomatic relations with most nations. The United States federal statutes relating to foreign relations can be found in Title 22 of the United States Code. The Marshall Islands and the United States maintain excellent relations. After more than a decade of negotiation, the Marshall Islands and the United States signed the Compact of Free Association on June 25, 1983.", "Poland graduated from USAID assistance in 2000 and capitalized on its successful transition experience to become a provider of assistance to other countries in the region. The U.S.-Poland Democracy Dialogue is a unique framework for U.S. partnership with Poland on democracy promotion. More information about Poland is available on the Poland Page and from other Department of State publications and other sources listed at the end of this fact sheet. U.S.-POLAND RELATIONS. Poland is a stalwart ally in Central Europe and one of the United States’ strongest partners on the continent in fostering transatlantic security and prosperity and in promoting democracy in Eastern Europe and around the world" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Relations_of_the_United_Kingdom", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States", "http://www.cfr.org/trade/naftas-economic-impact/p15790", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States", "http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35749.htm", "http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35749.htm", "http://www.wwnorton.com/college/polisci/essentials-of-international-relations5/ch/05/summary.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States", "http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2875.htm" ] }

[]

[ "$29,000,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "2015 MLB Opening Day Payrolls. Payrolls and average salaries for the opening day rosters of the 30 major league teams. Figures are based on documents obtained from the MLB Players Association, club officials and filed with Major League Baseball's central office. ", "Salaries. The average salary of a professional baseball player on one of the 30 Major League teams was $3.4 million per year, as calculated from the 2012 amounts provided by USA Today. The MLB Collective Bargaining Agreement specifies minimum player salaries up to 2016. The minimum rate in 2012 was $480,000 per year, rising to $490,000 for 2013, $500,000 for 2014, and, for subsequent years, equaling at least the previous year’s rate plus a cost of living adjustment.", "Adam LaRoche. Browse our online application for MLB, NBA, NFL, NHL, or MLS player contracts, salaries, transactions, and more. Francisco Liriano. Browse our online application for MLB, NBA, NFL, NHL, or MLS player contracts, salaries, transactions, and more.", "Newsday Sports. A look at the salaries of every MLB baseball player for 2015, which can be searched, sorted and aggregated by team, division, league, age and position. Salary data was collected using information from MLB.com, Baseball Reference and Cot's Baseball Contracts.", "Highest. The MLB team with the highest salaries in 2012 was the New York Yankees, which averaged $6.18 million per year, and had a total payroll of $197.9 million. The MLB Collective Bargaining Agreement specifies minimum player salaries up to 2016. The minimum rate in 2012 was $480,000 per year, rising to $490,000 for 2013, $500,000 for 2014, and, for subsequent years, equaling at least the previous year’s rate plus a cost of living adjustment.", "Baseball salaries for 2015. A look at the salaries of every MLB baseball player for 2015, which can be searched, sorted and aggregated by team, division, league, age and position. Salary data was collected using information from MLB.com, Baseball Reference and Cot's Baseball Contracts.", "He also has the highest career earnings in MLB history. The highest paid player in Major League Baseball (MLB) from the 2013 season is New York Yankees ' third baseman Alex Rodriguez with an annual salary of $29,000,000, $4 million higher than the second-highest paid player, Cliff Lee. ", "CBA. The MLB Collective Bargaining Agreement specifies minimum player salaries up to 2016. The minimum rate in 2012 was $480,000 per year, rising to $490,000 for 2013, $500,000 for 2014, and, for subsequent years, equaling at least the previous year’s rate plus a cost of living adjustment.", "This graph depicts the top player salaries in Major League Baseball in 2015. Mark Teixeira of the New York Yankees receives a total salary of 23.13 million U.S.dollars for the 2015 season. During the previous year, the minimum salary of an MLB player was roughly 45 times smaller than Teixeira's salary. " ], "url": [ "http://www.stevetheump.com/Payrolls.htm", "http://work.chron.com/average-salary-pro-baseball-player-8344.html", "http://www.spotrac.com/mlb/rankings/", "http://sports.newsday.com/long-island/data/baseball/mlb-salaries-2015/", "http://work.chron.com/average-salary-pro-baseball-player-8344.html", "http://sports.newsday.com/long-island/data/baseball/mlb-salaries-2015/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_highest_paid_baseball_players", "http://work.chron.com/average-salary-pro-baseball-player-8344.html", "http://www.statista.com/statistics/236221/players-with-the-highest-salary-in-major-league-baseball/" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If you're looking for a way to get some a free membership on Animal Jam, but don't want to pay for one or you just don't have money to pay for it, you can get one on my website. My premium Animal Jam-Membership codes is unique and it can generate a big number of membership codes every single day.", "its from 5-6 dollars. for three month its 15-16 dollars. for a year its 25. if you want a membership that keeps paying, you have to go on animaljam.com and at the very bottom … click membership with the badge and you can buy an ongoing membership. when you pay the ongoing, then it comes directly from your card.", "But not everyone has the money to buy it themselves. Opportunities offered by premium account are huge. For example: More to Create Animal, New clothing and accessories, Exclusive items for your den, a VIP Membership Club Geoz or den Exciting new upgrades! Therefore, in your hands AJ Free Membership Hack. Only here you can download it for free at no extra charge. This is a free version, which generates 15 Membership Codes every day. Remember! This free version is only available from this page.", "$6 for 1 month of membership, $30 for 6 months of membership, $50 for a year of membership! And $15 for 3 months.", "You do not get a code for a membership unless you buy an animal jam gift card which you can get at Toys R Us. It will have a code and you will get a 1 year membership and a ra … re lion animal. 7 people found this useful.", "This is a lie. There are no codes for Animal Jam Membership, other than the ones you find on the back of an Animal Jam Gift Card that you purchase. Don't believe anything you hear about an Animal Jam Membership code." ], "url": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/ourteamagaincodes/comments/2r711k/getanimal_jam_membership_codes_2015_codes_for/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_animal_jam_membership_cost", "http://animaljamcheatsmembership.blogspot.com/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_animal_jam_membership_cost", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_animal_jam_membership_cost", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_become_a_member_on_animal_jam_for_free" ] }

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[ "A credit limit is the maximum amount of credit that a financial institution or other lender will extend to a debtor for a particular line of credit (sometimes called a credit line, line of credit, or a tradeline)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A credit limit is the maximum amount of credit that a financial institution or other lender will extend to a debtor for a particular line of credit (sometimes called a credit line, line of credit, or a tradeline). ", "One of the most important things to know about your credit card is your credit limit. The credit limit on your credit card is the maximum amount that can be borrowed on a credit card without penalty. Exceeding your credit limit and even getting close to it impacts your credit score. Your credit utilization measures the amount of your credit limit that's being used and counts 30% of your credit score. The higher your credit card balance, the higher your credit utilization and the more your credit score is hurt. It's best to keep your credit card balances within 10% to 30% of your credit limit", "Definition. The maximum amount of credit that a bank or other lender will extend to a customer, or the maximum that a credit card company will allow a card holder to borrow on a single card. “ I exceeded my credit limit, so I was not allowed to buy anything else, unless I used my debit card.", "Credit limit. A credit limit, also known as a credit line, is the maximum amount of money you can borrow under a revolving credit agreement. For instance, if you have a credit card with a credit limit of $3,000, and you charge $1,000, you can spend $2,000 more before you reach your credit limit.", "Credit limit. A credit limit is the amount of money that can be charged to a credit card. The size of a credit limit, and how much of it has been borrowed, have a large influence on consumer credit scores. Low credit utilization -- that is, a credit limit on which little has been borrowed -- leads to a higher credit score. Credit limit is also known as a credit line. See How to ask for a credit limit increase ..", "DEFINITION of 'Credit Limit'. The amount of credit that a financial institution extends to a client. Credit limit also refers to the maximum amount a credit card company will allow someone to borrow on a single card. Credit limits are usually determined based on information contained in the application of the person seeking credit, or that person's credit rating. Next Up", "The revolving credit limit is defined as the amount of money your bank or card company will extend as a loan. The total revolving credit limit definition pertains more to risk scores, than it does to an individual account. The total limit is a number or variable input into a scoring algorithm to help determine the risk score rating. It aggregates the limits of each", "The maximum amount of charges that may be charged to an account. For example, if you have a credit limit of $5,000, your total charges cannot exceed this amount. When applying for a credit card, the lender or bank decides what that maximum amount is that you can borrow. This is known as a credit limit. Once you have the credit card, you are able to use it to borrow up to your limit. For example, if your credit card has a $5,000 credit limit, that is how much debt you are able to put on that card, including any financial charges and interest." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_limit", "http://credit.about.com/od/glossary/g/creditlimit.htm", "http://www.investorwords.com/1205/credit_limit.html", "http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Credit+limit", "http://www.creditcards.com/glossary/term-credit-limit.php", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/credit_limit.asp", "https://www.savvyoncredit.com/revolving-credit-limit-definition/", "https://www.lendingtree.com/glossary/what-is-credit-limit" ] }

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[ "Around two weeks.", "After a one week" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Yes | No Thank you! I usually recommend at least 1 week after missed period to ensure you don't get a false postive or negative. Your Hcg levels should be high enough to read already so go ahead and get a couple of home pregnancy tests-if they are negative but still getting symptoms give it another week and test again. ", "1 So, the earlier after a missed period you take a HPT, the harder it is to spot the hCG. 2 If you wait one week after a missed period to test, you are more apt to have an accurate result. 3 Also, testing your urine first thing in the morning may boost the accuracy. 1 When you use them – The amount of hCG in a pregnant woman’s urine increases with time. 2 So, the earlier after a missed period you take a HPT, the harder it is to spot the hCG. 3 If you wait one week after a missed period to test, you are more apt to have an accurate result.", "If you can wait one week after your missed period, most home pregnancy tests will give you an accurate answer. Ask your doctor for a more sensitive test if you need to know earlier. Whether a home pregnancy test will give an accurate result depends on many things. So, the earlier after a missed period you take a HPT, the harder it is to spot the hCG. If you wait one week after a missed period to test, you are more apt to have an accurate result. Also, testing your urine first thing in the morning may boost the accuracy.", "If you can wait one week after your missed period, most home pregnancy tests will give you an accurate answer. Ask your doctor for a more sensitive test if you need to know earlier. When a home pregnancy test will give an accurate result. 1 When you use them – The amount of hCG in a pregnant woman’s urine increases with time. 2 So, the earlier after a missed period you take a HPT, the harder it is to spot the hCG. 3 If you wait one week after a missed period to test, you are more apt to have an accurate result.", "If you think you may be pregnant, taking a pregnancy test as soon as the first day of your missed period can help you get the care and support you need. A home pregnancy test can tell whether you are pregnant with almost 99% accuracy, depending on how you use it. 1 When you use them. 2 The amount of hCG or pregnancy hormone in your urine increases with time. 3 The earlier you take the test, the harder it is for the test to detect the hCG. 4 Most home pregnancy tests can accurately detect pregnancy after a missed period.", "TV and magazines boast pregnancy tests that may be taken before you have even missed a menstrual period. You have probably wondered how these tests can possibly be accurate. If you are unsure as to when to take a pregnancy test, most doctors advise waiting until after you have missed your period. ", "1 So, home pregnancy tests will be accurate as soon as one day after a missed period for some women but not for others. 2 How you use them – Be sure to follow the directions and check the expiration date. 3 When you use them – The amount of hCG in a pregnant woman’s urine increases with time. 1 When you use them – The amount of hCG in a pregnant woman’s urine increases with time. 2 So, the earlier after a missed period you take a HPT, the harder it is to spot the hCG. 3 If you wait one week after a missed period to test, you are more apt to have an accurate result.", "Most doctors recommend that you wait until the first day of your missed period before taking a home pregnancy test. A missed period is usually one of the first signs of pregnancy. This is usually around two weeks after conception. However, some tests are more sensitive than others and can be taken earlier. Concentrations of hCG are reported in milliInternational Units (mIU) or amounts equal to 1/1000th of an IU per milliliter." ], "url": [ "http://www.babycenter.com/400_how-long-should-i-wait-after-a-missed-period-to-take-a-test_8241771_529.bc", "http://ccobgyn.com/obstetrical-care/am-i-pregnant/how-soon-after-a-missed-period-can-i-take-a-home-pregnancy-test-and-get-accurate-results/", "http://www.momswhothink.com/trying-to-conceive/are-you-pregnant.html", "http://ccobgyn.com/obstetrical-care/am-i-pregnant/how-soon-after-a-missed-period-can-i-take-a-home-pregnancy-test-and-get-accurate-results/", "http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-test.html", "http://www.ehow.com/way_5366151_pregnancy-test-after-missed-period.html", "http://ccobgyn.com/obstetrical-care/am-i-pregnant/how-soon-after-a-missed-period-can-i-take-a-home-pregnancy-test-and-get-accurate-results/", "http://americanpregnancy.org/getting-pregnant/taking-a-pregnancy-test/" ] }

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[ "Cite in text the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year. Use double quotation marks around the title or abbreviated title." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Know the format. For MLA style, you'll embed a reference to your citation in the text, then include a works cited page at the end of your essay. 2. Cite the website in the text. Directly after the sentence in which you reference the information from the website, put in a reference to your works cited page. 1 Do not put a period at the end of the sentence (yet). 2 Put your reference in parentheses. 3 Start the parentheses one space away from your last word.", "Step 4. Find the author of the information online. If citing an article that has an author's name, you will use the author rather than the website as part of your citation. If there is no author listed, you will need to include the website's name. Write the author's name before or after the citation within the text. For example, According to Harvey Wise, sea turtles are becoming increasingly endangered.. You may also cite the reference using the author's last name.", "Cite in text the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year. Use double quotation marks around the title or abbreviated title.: (All 33 Chile Miners, 2010). Note: Use the full title of the web page if it is short for the parenthetical citation.", "However, when you are citing a particular document or piece of information from a website, include both a reference list entry and an in-text citation. The key to creating the reference list entry is to determine the type of content on the web page. Basically, provide the following four pieces of information:", "Include the actual website for those online references that fail to include an author's name. For example, if citing whitehouse.gov as a reference, you could cite the reference like this: Barack Obama become president of the United States in 2009 (White House). Include your online reference in your works cited page." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Cite-a-Website", "http://classroom.synonym.com/cite-website-text-4088.html", "http://www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/web-page-no-author.aspx", "http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-references.aspx", "http://classroom.synonym.com/cite-website-text-4088.html" ] }

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[ "Tuberculosis" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The lungs are the most commonly affected organs by far, but the disease can also involve the eyes, skin, lymph glands, bones and joints, heart, nervous system and other internal organs. For this reason sarcoidosis is classified as a multisystem disorder. Multi-system sarcoidosis is not caused by any element, but granulomatous disease of the lung and skin may be caused by beryllium. The disease is called berylliosis. Zirconium (used in deodorants) can cause granulomas in the skin, but it does not cause not systemic sarcoidosis. 35.", "View full size image. The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste and other unwanted materials. The primary function of the lymphatic system is to transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body. The lymphatic system primarily consists of lymphatic vessels, which are similar to the circulatory system's veins and capillaries.", "Tuberculosis usually affects the lungs, but the disease may spread to other organs, including the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, bones, joints, nervous system, lymph nodes, and skin. tu·ber·cu·lo·sis (TB), A specific disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tubercle bacillus, which can affect almost any tissue or organ of the body, the most common site of the disease being the lungs. Primary TB is typically a mild or asymptomatic local pulmonary infection.", "Print. Sarcoidosis is a disease in which abnormal collections of inflammatory cells (granulomas) form in many organs of the body. These collections of cells are most often found in the lungs, but granulomas may also form in the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, eyes and skin. More rarely, they can form in the spleen, bones, joints, skeletal muscles, kidneys, heart and nervous system. Eventually, the granulomas may disappear completely or become scars. After a long time, high blood calcium levels may lead to kidney stones or calcium deposits in the kidney and, eventually, to kidney failure. The signs of sarcoidosis vary widely. They can include: 1 Aching joints. 2 Chest pain. 3 Enlarged lymph nodes that usually do not cause symptoms. 4 Feeling tired.", "The organs most affected by sarcoidosis are the lungs. Enlarged lymph nodes at the place where the lungs meet the heart or to the right of the windpipe (trachea) may be seen on a chest x-ray. Sarcoidosis causes inflammation in the lungs that may eventually lead to scarring and the formation of cysts. Sarcoidosis is a disease in which abnormal collections of inflammatory cells (granulomas) form in many organs of the body. Sarcoidosis usually develops in people aged 20 to 40, most often people of Scandinavian ancestry and American blacks. It can affect many organs, most commonly", "The disease is primarily one of the lungs and lymph nodes, but granulomas can also form in any organ, including the liver, eyes, and skin, and less often the spleen, bones, joints, sinuses, skeletal muscles, kidneys, heart, reproductive organs, salivary glands, and nervous system. Sarcoidosis is a disease in which abnormal collections of inflammatory cells (granulomas) form in many organs of the body. Sarcoidosis usually develops in people aged 20 to 40, most often people of Scandinavian ancestry and American blacks. It can affect many organs, most commonly the lungs.", "Sarcoidosis can affect any organ in your body. However, it's more likely to affect some organs than others. The disease usually starts in the lungs, skin, and/or lymph nodes (especially the lymph... An inflammatory disease marked by the formation of granulomas (small nodules of immune cells) in the lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs. Sarcoidosis may be acute and go away by itself, or it may be chronic and progressive. Also called sarcoid", "tuberculosis. an infectious, inflammatory, reportable disease that is chronic in nature and usually affects the lungs (pulmonary tuberculosis), although it may occur in almost any part of the body. The causative agent is Mycobacterium tuberculosis (also known as the tubercle bacillus). tu·ber·cu·lo·sis (TB), A specific disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tubercle bacillus, which can affect almost any tissue or organ of the body, the most common site of the disease being the lungs. Primary TB is typically a mild or asymptomatic local pulmonary infection.", "While most start in the lymph nodes, spleen, and/or bone marrow, some start in lymph tissue in the stomach, intestines, or even the eye socket. Lymphomas can spread within the lymph system to distant parts of the body. Less often, they spread outside the lymph system to other organs, such as the lungs, liver, or bone. Lymphomas can affect the brain and spinal cord, either initially (called primary central nervous system lymphoma) or as spread to the fluid and tissues (the meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. If the cells travel through the lymph system, they may end up in nearby lymph nodes (small, bean-sized collections of immune cells) or they may spread to other organs. More often, cancer cells that break off from the main tumor travel through the bloodstream. Once in the blood, they can go to any part" ], "url": [ "http://www.sarcoid-network.org/FAQ/faq-disease.php", "http://www.livescience.com/26983-lymphatic-system.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Respiratory+tuberculosis", "https://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Health-Conditions/Sarcoidosis.aspx", "http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/sarcoidosis/sarcoidosis", "http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/sarcoidosis/sarcoidosis", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001140/", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Respiratory+tuberculosis", "http://www.cancer.org/treatment/understandingyourdiagnosis/advancedcancer/advanced-cancer-what-is-metastatic" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Louis Pasteur discovered that most infectious diseases are caused by germs, known as the germ theory of disease, it is one of the most important discoveries in medical history. LOC. ", "This is the bacterium that causes cholera. The germ theory of disease states that some diseases are caused by microorganisms. These small organisms, too small to see without magnification, invade humans, animals, and other living hosts. Their growth and reproduction within their hosts can cause a disease. The germ theory was proposed in the mid-16th century and gained widespread credence when substantiated by scientific discoveries of the 17th through the late 19th century. It supplanted earlier explanations for disease, such as Galen's miasma theory.", "The fact is you do not, and cannot, catch germs, bacteria or viruses, nor can you catch candida overgrowth or cancer. The following text disproves The Germ Theory of Disease, as promoted by the medical industry today, which was initiated by Louis Pasteur in the early 1800s. Louis Pasteur was a French microbiologist and chemist, born on December 27, 1822 in Dole, in the region of Jura, France. His discovery that most infectious diseases are caused by germs, known as the germ theory of disease, became the foundation for the science of microbiology, and a cornerstone of modern medicine. Pasteur also developed 'pasteurization', which was named after him", "The miasma theory was accepted from ancient times in Europe, India, and China. The theory was eventually given up by scientists and physicians after 1880. They instead accepted the germ theory of disease: specific germs, not miasma, caused specific diseases. ", "The theory of biogenesis states that living cells arise from preexisting living cells. In the theory of germ disease, it was found that diseases are caused by microorganisms s … uch as bacteria. The correlation is that microorganisms are able to thrive off living cells. + 8 others found this useful. Celeste McKinney. Contrary to germ theory is the theory that disease due to infection is caused by diminished resistance of the body's fighting mechanism, the immune system. The theory is based … on certain observations. * Of the five people in family only one catches the infection when the exposure to germs by all members is the same.", "Louis Pasteur and the germ theory of disease. The work of people like Jenner and Semmelweiss led doctors and scientists to think that perhaps infectious diseases were caused by an infectious agent or 'germ'. This was the germ theory of disease. It took a very long time for this idea to be accepted. Much of the work that led to a wide acceptance of the germ theory is down to Louis Pasteur, helped by the development of microscope techniques by people such as Robert Koch which made microorganisms visible and identifiable. Pasteur made a number of important steps forward", "Causes vs. Treatments. While germ theory may have revolutionized understanding of the causes of disease, it did not necessarily revolutionize treatment. Vaccination was an empirical procedure that had been developed almost 80 years earlier. The great decline in mortality associated with the end of the 19th century is not associated with the impact of the germ theory, but with improved sanitation and nutrition. The identification of a disease germ does not necessarily lead to a cure for that disease." ], "url": [ "http://inventors.about.com/od/pstartinventors/a/Louis_Pasteur.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ_theory_of_disease", "http://truthquest2.com/germtheory.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miasma_theory_of_disease", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_did_people_think_about_diseases_before_the_germ_theory", "http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/infectiousdiseases_timeline/timeline4.cfm?coSiteNavigation_allTopic=1", "http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/contagion/germtheory.html" ] }

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[ "Yes", "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "French green clay is the richest in mineral compositions and is excellent for drawing toxins and oils from the skin. Limit use to once per week. Great for problem skin, not for sensitive skin and used in powders is very effective to keep sweat absorbed. Used in masks, bath products, powders and soap. The high mineral content helps to draw impurities from the skin. Yellow Kaolin Clay. Yellow kaolin clay is a mild clay making it suitable for sensitive skin.", "Yellow Clay Yellow clay is used for normal skin and has similar properties as green clay. This clay is derived from the iron oxide, Xanthoria Parietina. Yellow Clay is generally used for Face and Body Masks, particularly in cases where the condition of the skin and body needs revitalising. Yellow Clay is recommended for most skin types to restore tired and neglected skin. Note: Be careful of coloured clays, there are many manufacturers that add dies to clay to produce artificially coloured clays, which do not have the same properties of effects and may well do you more harm than good.", "„« White Clay: White clay is one of the gentlest clays for the face as it has a very mild, nurturing ability making it ideal for sensitive, elderly and combination skin types. A nourishing clay that makes the skin soft, smooth and enriched with minerals. „« Pink Clay: Pink clay is great for balancing the most stressed and sensitive of skins, it will hydrate the skin and help refine delicate lines, moisturise and improve the overall texture of the skin. It's perfect for balancing stressed skin and excellent for treating capillaries/ thread veins.", "Bentonite clay has been traditionally used to assist in mineral deficiencies, and to help bind toxins making them more soluble. Bentonite, also referred to as Montmorillonite, is one of the most effective and powerful healing clays. For external use only. A truly exquisite spa quality clay from ancient deposits unearthed from the fertile Atlas Mountains in Morocco. This mineral rich clay blends extremely well with water making its application to the face and skin a smooth and delightful experience.", "Kaolin Clay Powder for Skin. Kaolin also comes in form of powder. Kaolin powder is mostly used to soften or make your skin dry. Simply take a teaspoon of the clay powder then mix it your lotion then apply the mixture on your body and hands. To spice it up with more benefits add a few drops of essential oils. Kaolin clay is a clay mineral with numerous benefits as well side effects. Its chemical and physical properties explain how this clay is lets us understand its deep features.It has medicinal and health benefits such as caring for dry skin, treatment of various skin conditions, and detoxifying skin.", "Green Clay The most absorbing of the Clays, Green Clay is generally used as a Face Mask for tissue repair, drawing toxins from the skin and to normalise excessive secretions of oil or sweat. Applied as a Face or Body Mask, facial clay masks cleanse, exfoliate, smoothe and soften the skin. Green clay is especially good at drawing toxins out. White Clay White clay is a mild clay used for normal skin. It has similar properties as green clay and is suitable for Face and Body Masks for young and sensitive or mature and delicate skins. Yellow Clay is recommended for most skin types to restore tired and neglected skin. Note: Be careful of coloured clays, there are many manufacturers that add dies to clay to produce artificially coloured clays, which do not have the same properties of effects and may well do you more harm than good.", "Fuller's Earth is a sedimentary clay that has been widely used as a skin-lightening agent made up mostly of volcanic ash. This clay is a strong absorbent and is good for drawing excess oils from the skin and stimulating circulation to the skin. Used in masks, bath products, powders and soap. The high mineral content helps to draw impurities from the skin. Yellow Kaolin Clay. Yellow kaolin clay is a mild clay making it suitable for sensitive skin.", "Specific trace minerals that various clays possess vary very widely. Also, the amount of any particular trace mineral in any specific clay varies a lot among clays from different locations. For example, the amount of iron in various bentonite clays can vary from well below 1%, and up to 10%. ", "Spread this on your hair and massage down to the scalp. Cover with a shower cap and leave on for 30-60 minutes, then rinse out in the shower. 2. Face/Body Mask: The simplest way to use this clay on your skin is to just mix some with water, spread on your face and/or body and let it sit on your skin for 10 minutes or so. Then you can wash it off in the shower. " ], "url": [ "http://www.gardenofwisdom.com/clayinfo.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100714195524AAPZ0B1", "http://www.natural-skin-care-info.com/clay.html", "https://www.mountainroseherbs.com/catalog/ingredients/clay", "http://durablehealth.net/kaolin-clay/kaolin-clay-benefits-side-effects-properties/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100714195524AAPZ0B1", "http://www.gardenofwisdom.com/clayinfo.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinal_clay", "http://www.deliciousobsessions.com/2013/10/use-clay-skin-hair-care-bentonite-french-green-rhassoul/" ] }

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[ "Withdrawals from traditional IRAs are taxed as regular income, based on your tax bracket for the year in which you make the withdrawal.", "Withdrawals from Roth IRA are tax free as long as you are 59 ½ or older and your account is at least five years old. Withdrawals from traditional IRAs are taxed as regular income, based on your tax bracket for the year in which you make the withdrawal." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A non-qualified distribution is subject to taxation of earnings and a 10% additional tax unless an exception applies. For Roth IRAs, you can always remove post-tax penalty contributions (also known as basis) from your Roth IRA without penalty. Consult your tax advisor about your particular situation. Taking money out of an IRA is referred to as a distribution. Since the account is intended for retirement savings, the tax advantages go hand-in-hand with keeping the money in the account until retirement.", "Once the five-tax-year holding period is met, any distribution from the Roth IRA will be excludable as a qualified distribution if it is made after age 59 1/2 or if it meets one of the other requirements for a qualified distribution. We've now reviewed the provisions in the law regarding the Roth IRA contribution (putting your cashin) and eligibility rules (the stick). Here we'll review the tax treatment of qualified distributions (getting your cash out) from the Roth IRA (the carrot).", "An Individual Retirement Account, or IRA, is a personal savings plan that consists of your contributions and earnings, plus certain amounts, if any, rolled over from pension plans. In general, your contributions were taxed when they were made and are not taxed by New Jersey when withdrawn. Interest, dividends, rollovers from tax-free pension plans, and earnings credited to an IRA are subject to income tax when withdrawn. Distributions from an IRA are most commonly taken in a lump sum or withdrawn over a period of years.", "The tax and penalty applied to distributions from a Traditional IRA depend on the IRA owner's age at the time of the distribution and the tax-deductibility treatment of the contributions. (For background reading, see 9 Penalty Free Withdrawals.). Distributions That Occur Before Age 59.5. ", "Converting your traditional IRA to a Roth IRA will have you owing income taxes on the conversion, but it lets you pass the account on to a beneficiary at your death. If you are subject to RMDs in your traditional IRA, you can't use conversion to eliminate that year's RMD, but it will eliminate subsequent RMDs. You don't have to calculate investment gains. If you have nondeductible contributions in your traditional IRA, you can use IRS Form 8606 to determine the taxable portion of a distribution.Roth IRAs aren't subject to RMDs during the owner's lifetime.", "Tax Brackets. The IRS treats the taxable portion of your IRA distribution as ordinary income, which means it's taxed at your marginal tax rate. The more income you have, the higher the tax rate applied to your IRA distributions. For example, if $5,000 of your distribution is taxable and you fall in the 15 percent tax bracket, you'll owe $750 in taxes. If you're in the 33 percent bracket, you'll owe $1,650 on that same distribution amount", "An individual retirement arrangement (IRA) is a tax-favored personal savings arrangement, which allows you to set aside money for retirement. There are several different types of IRAs, including traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs. To contribute to a traditional IRA, you must be under age 70½ at the end of the tax year. You, and/or your spouse if you file a joint return, must have taxable compensation, such as wages, salaries, commissions, tips, bonuses, or net income from self-employment.", "Distributions out of the account after age 59½ are taxed as ordinary income. You don't have to calculate investment gains. If you have nondeductible contributions in your traditional IRA, you can use IRS Form 8606 to determine the taxable portion of a distribution.Roth IRAs aren't subject to RMDs during the owner's lifetime.", "Ultimate guide to retirement. Your withdrawals from a Roth IRA are tax free as long as you are 59 ½ or older and your account is at least five years old. Withdrawals from traditional IRAs are taxed as regular income, based on your tax bracket for the year in which you make the withdrawal. ", "The result is the amount of tax-free withdrawals of basis. The rest of your withdrawals are taxable. Example 1: As of Dec. 31, 2013, you had made $12,000 in nondeductible contributions to your one traditional IRA. The result is the amount of tax-free withdrawals of basis. The rest of your withdrawals are taxable. Example 2: As of Dec. 31, 2013, you had made $18,000 in nondeductible contributions to your two traditional IRAs." ], "url": [ "https://www.fidelity.com/retirement-planning/learn-about-iras/ira-withdrawal", "http://www.fool.com/money/allaboutiras/allaboutiras06.htm", "http://www.state.nj.us/treasury/taxation/njit8.shtml", "http://www.investopedia.com/university/retirementplans/ira/ira3.asp", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/retirement/how-are-ira-distributions-taxed.aspx", "http://www.ehow.com/how_2124610_determine-taxes-ira-distribution.html", "https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc451.html", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/retirement/how-are-ira-distributions-taxed.aspx", "http://money.cnn.com/retirement/guide/IRA_Basics.moneymag/index11.htm", "http://www.marketwatch.com/story/understanding-taxes-on-ira-withdrawals-2014-02-04" ] }

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[ "Gas hydrates occur naturally in some marine sediments and within and beneath permafrost." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "PRODUCTION: Radon is not produced as a commercial product. Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and comes from the natural breakdown (radioactive decay) of uranium. It is usually found in igneous rock and soil, but in some cases, well water may also be a source of radon. ", "Natural gas is found in deep underground rock formations or associated with other hydrocarbon reservoirs in coal beds and as methane clathrates. Petroleum is another resource and fossil fuel found in close proximity to, and with natural gas. Natural gas can be used to produce hydrogen, with one common method being the hydrogen reformer. Hydrogen has many applications: it is a primary feedstock for the chemical industry, a hydrogenating agent, an important commodity for oil refineries, and the fuel source in hydrogen vehicles.", "Natural gas is often informally referred to simply as gas, especially when compared to other energy sources such as oil or coal. However, it is not to be confused with gasoline, especially in North America, where the term gasoline is often shortened in colloquial usage to gas. Natural gas can be used to produce hydrogen, with one common method being the hydrogen reformer. Hydrogen has many applications: it is a primary feedstock for the chemical industry, a hydrogenating agent, an important commodity for oil refineries, and the fuel source in hydrogen vehicles.", "Some oil and natural gas migrated all the way to the surface and escaped. Other oil and natural gas deposits migrated until they were caught under impermeable layers of rock or clay where they were trapped. These trapped deposits are where we find oil and natural gas today.", "Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4. It is the simplest alkane, and the principal component of natural gas. Methane's bond angles are 109.5 degrees. B … urning methane in the presence of oxygen produces carbon dioxide and water. The relative abundance of methane makes it an attractive fuel.", "Welcome to our web site about natural oil and gas seeps in the state of California. Seeps are like springs that ooze oil and gas instead of water. Tour our site to learn about: 1 how oil and gas seeps form, where they occur, and how they affect the environment; 2 the relationship between oil seeps and underground oil fields; and. 3 the La Brea Tar Pits, a world-famous oil seep in downtown Los Angeles. 1", "Ethylene is a small hydrocarbon gas. It is naturally occurring, but it can also occur as a result of combustion and other processes. You can't see or smell it. Some fruit will produce ethylene as ripening begins. Apples and pears are examples of fruit that produce ethylene with ripening. ", "U.S. Geological Survey Gas Hydrates Project. Gas hydrate is an ice-like crystalline form of water and low molecular weight gas (e.g., methane, ethane, carbon dioxide). On Earth, gas hydrates occur naturally in some marine sediments and within and beneath permafrost. Gas hydrates have also been inferred on other planets or their moons. Methane molecules can fit within both the small and large sites in the Structure I lattice, and Structure I methane hydrate is indeed the most common type found in nature. Thus, “gas hydrate” and “methane hydrate” are often used interchangeably by researchers.", "Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed when layers of decomposing plant and animal matter are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years. The energy that the plants originally obtained from the sun is stored in the form of chemical bonds in natural gas. Natural gas can be used to produce hydrogen, with one common method being the hydrogen reformer. Hydrogen has many applications: it is a primary feedstock for the chemical industry, a hydrogenating agent, an important commodity for oil refineries, and the fuel source in hydrogen vehicles." ], "url": [ "http://www.radon.com/radon/radon_facts.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas", "http://www.adventuresinenergy.org/what-are-oil-and-natural-gas/how-are-oil-natural-gas-formed.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_does_methane_occur_in_nature", "http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/seeps/", "http://www.postharvest.tfrec.wsu.edu/pages/PC2000F", "http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/hydrates/primer.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas" ] }

[]

[ "Blood clotting, or coagulation, is an important process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. Platelets (a type of blood cell) and proteins in your plasma (the liquid part of blood) work together to stop the bleeding by forming a clot over the injury." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Blood clotting (technically blood coagulation ) is the process by which (liquid) blood is transformed into a solid state. This blood clotting is a complex process involving many clotting factors (incl. calcium ions, enzymes, platelets, damaged tissues) activating each other. ", "On the surface of these activated platelets, many different clotting factors work together in a series of complex chemical reactions (known as the coagulation cascade) to form a fibrin clot. The clot acts like a mesh to stop the bleeding. Coagulation factors circulate in the blood in an inactive form. When a blood vessel is injured, the coagulation cascade is initiated and each coagulation factor is activated in a specific order to lead to the formation of the blood clot. Coagulation factors are identified with Roman numerals (e.g. factor I or FI). Watch Dr. Roshni Kulkarni’s interactive animation.", "Blood Clotting (Coagulation) - As described below: Following damage to a blood vessel, vascular spasm occurs to reduce blood loss while other mechanisms also take effect: Blood platelets congregate at the site of damage and amass to form a platelet plug. Best Answer: Blood vessels become damaged, you bleed (which washes out debris) and it fills the wound, the blood vessels constrict & blood flow slows down. Platelets in the blood stick to collagen fibres that make up the vessel wall and this acts as a plug. From this point on enzymes (proteins called clotting factors) trigger a chain of events takes place to form a clot: Prothrombin converts to thrombin, calcium is required for this", "Blood Clots. Blood clotting, or coagulation, is an important process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. Platelets (a type of blood cell) and proteins in your plasma (the liquid part of blood) work together to stop the bleeding by forming a clot over the injury. ", "Clotting factors are proteins in the blood that control bleeding. When a blood vessel is injured, the walls of the blood vessel contract to limit the flow of blood to the damaged area. When a blood vessel is injured, the coagulation cascade is initiated and each coagulation factor is activated in a specific order to lead to the formation of the blood clot. Coagulation factors are identified with Roman numerals (e.g. factor I or FI). Watch Dr. Roshni Kulkarni’s interactive animation.", "Process of Blood Clotting. Although blood clots form within minutes of an injury, the process of blood clotting is a complex one. It includes a large number of co-factors and enzymes that come together to form a plug at the site of injury in order to prevent excess blood loss. Although it depends on the severity of the injury, the blood usually clots within 2 minutes of a cut, and forms a plug at the site of injury that prevents blood from flowing out of the body. Just as important as the blood clotting process is, so is it complex too.", "1 Secondary Hemostasis: There are clotting or coagulation factors in blood, which are actually proteins. 2 When there is an injury to a blood vessel, these factors interact with each other in a cascade of reactions that finally result in the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin strands. Although it depends on the severity of the injury, the blood usually clots within 2 minutes of a cut, and forms a plug at the site of injury that prevents blood from flowing out of the body. Just as important as the blood clotting process is, so is it complex too.", "A thrombus, or colloquially a blood clot, is the final product of the blood coagulation step in hemostasis. There are two components to a thrombus: aggregated platelets that form a platelet plug, and a mesh of cross-linked fibrin protein. ", "Clot-the mesh structure traps red blood cells and form a clot. The red blood cells that are trapped on the outside of the clot dry out (the air oxidises the iron), they turn brownish red and a scab forms. Underneath the scab, blood vessels regenerate and repair and cells-fibroblasts in the dermis create new cells. Best Answer: Blood vessels become damaged, you bleed (which washes out debris) and it fills the wound, the blood vessels constrict & blood flow slows down. Platelets in the blood stick to collagen fibres that make up the vessel wall and this acts as a plug. From this point on enzymes (proteins called clotting factors) trigger a chain of events takes place to form a clot: Prothrombin converts to thrombin, calcium is required for thi" ], "url": [ "http://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Blood/Blood_Clotting.php", "http://www.wfh.org/en/page.aspx?pid=635", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090728083759AA3FR5X", "http://www.hematology.org/Patients/Clots/", "http://www.wfh.org/en/page.aspx?pid=635", "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/blood-clotting-process.html", "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/blood-clotting-process.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombus", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090728083759AA3FR5X" ] }

[]

[ "Average $15,000 to $20,000", "Average $15,000 to $20,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When you're willing to spend between $10,000 and $15,000 on a kitchen remodel, you'll do some of the work yourself and hire a professional for some of the smaller projects. You should attempt to do as much of the work yourself, and if possible, purchase some of the materials before calling in the professionals.", "How much did your kitchen renovation cost, and where did you spend it? According to Today, the average cost for a kitchen remodel is $15,000 to $20,000 — without the appliances.", "The average cost of having new countertops installed is $3,401, but it is important to realize how much this can vary from project to project. The price will be dependent on the size of your kitchen, the simplicity of the layout and the materials used.", "In other words, wondering how much it costs to remodel a kitchen is really a question that doesn’t have an answer, well a precise one anyway. Because the cost varies tremendously as no two kitchens are alike and no two budgets are either. Someone may be looking to put $50 000 into their upgrades and another $5000.", "How much does a kitchen remodel cost?. You want a general idea of the cost before meeting with designers, contractors, and retailers, and these professionals can't calculate the cost of every possible combination.", "1 These are averages; actual costs may be higher or lower. 2 In contrast, DoItYourself.com estimates that the cost of a typical kitchen remodel can start around $5,000 with some do-it-yourself work included, and averages $15,000-$26,000.", "1 In contrast, DoItYourself.com estimates that the cost of a typical kitchen remodel can start around $5,000 with some do-it-yourself work included, and averages $15,000-$26,000.", "The cost of remodeling a kitchen can vary widely depending on the size and scope of your project, with the national average coming in around $17,000 and most homeowners spending between $12,000 and $19,000. This guide can help estimate your costs and give you a starting point for various upgrades and services.", "The average project cost varies depending on the size of your kitchen, the quality of materials, and whether you change the layout of the room. On average, homeowners report that a kitchen remodel costs $19,799." ], "url": [ "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/kitchens/remodel-a-kitchen/", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-much-did-your-kitchen-reno-149500", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/kitchen-remodel-cost-estimator", "http://www.kitchenremodelcosts.com/how-much-does-it-cost-to-remodel-a-kitchen/", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/kitchen-remodel-cost-estimator", "http://home.costhelper.com/remodel-kitchen.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/remodel-kitchen.html", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/kitchen-remodel-cost-estimator", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/kitchens/remodel-a-kitchen/" ] }

[]

[ "A of low or lower degree or rank b of poor quality mediocre", "Situated lower down lower." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "medical definition of inferior 1 situated below and closer to the feet than another and especially another similar part of an upright body especially of a human being compare superior 1 2 situated in a more posterior or ventral position in the body of a quadruped compare superior 2", "4 a situated below another and especially another similar superior part of an upright body b situated in a relatively low posterior or ventral position in a quadrupedal body c 1 situated below another plant part or organ 2 abaxial 5 relating to or being a subscript inferior noun", "full definition of inferior 1 situated lower down lower 2 a of low or lower degree or rank b of poor quality mediocre", "examples of inferior these pearls are of inferior quality they were considered a socially inferior group he always felt inferior around his brother the judges voted to overturn a ruling made by an inferior court the pearls were of inferior quality they looked like pearlized globs of varying wrinkly shapes", "inferiority noun subservience subordination lowliness servitude abasement inferior status or standing i found it difficult to shake off a sense of " ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inferior", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inferior", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inferior", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inferior", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/inferiority" ] }

[]

[ "1890" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Club History. Football had been played in the town of Peterhead as far back as the 1870’s, but in 1890 Peterhead Football club was formed within the hopes and aspirations of a number of enthusiastic football fans in 1890, those men forming the first committee of the Club. Much of Peterhead’s success has come in cup competitions, none more so than the Aberdeenshire Cup, which they have won 20 times, most recently in 1998-99. Peterhead are also five times winners of the Highland League Cup, and six times winners of the Scottish Qualifying Cup (North).", "Peterhead F.C. are a football club based in Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. They currently play in Scottish League One after winning the Scottish League Two Championship in the 2013–2014 season. Their home ground is Balmoor in Peterhead, with a capacity of 3,150. The current manager is Jim McInally, who was appointed on 7 October 2011 following the sacking of John Sheran on 23 September 2011.", "From 1906, the club made steady progress, with a Scottish Cup semi-final appearance in 1908 and another in 1911. In that season of 1910–11, Aberdeen recorded their first victories over the Old Firm, and led the league for a time, but finished the season in second place. Aberdeen's supporters, known as the Red Army, are listed in the team squad list as wearing the number 12 shirt. In 1999, a group of supporters founded the Red Ultras group with the express aim of improving the atmosphere at Pittodrie.", "In 1939, league competition was suspended due to the outbreak of the Second World War, resuming in 1946. Peterhead were then to go through a period of success, winning the Highland League for the first time in that first season back in action. This was to prove the spark for further success for the club, winning the Highland League again in 1949 and 1950. Much of Peterhead’s success has come in cup competitions, none more so than the Aberdeenshire Cup, which they have won 20 times, most recently in 1998-99. Peterhead are also five times winners of the Highland League Cup, and six times winners of the Scottish Qualifying Cup (North).", "Background. Peterhead is a fishing port in the far north-east of Scotland. The club was formed in 1890, adopting a patch of land in Raemoss Park as their home ground, which was renamed Recreation Park and opened in 1891. The club joined the six-team Aberdeenshire League in 1900. During the 1960s, Peterhead won the Highland League Cup on three occasions and the Aberdeenshire Cup five times but they made little impact in the Highland League itself. The pattern continued in the 1970s, with three wins in the Qualifying Cup (North), which led to the club competing in the Scottish Cup.", "‘Peterhead when you were a kid’ was started by local women Judi Alexander and Carol-Anne Murphy-with the aim of reconnecting with old friends and stirring up memories of what life was like for residents in the town years ago. A Facebook page set up in a bid to provide people with memories of Peterhead from days gone by has seen its members reach more than 3000.", "Watch | Peterhead Football Club keeper Graeme Smith and Queen's Park Football Club manager Gus McPherson reflect on their semi-final match up. Peterhead progress but Jim not jovial. Read the quarter final report and reaction at our website http://www.peterheadfc.com/…/1345-peterhead-progress-in-the…. Peterhead progress in the Petrofac Training Cup-Peterhead F.C.All the latest match reports from Peterhead Football Clubpeterheadfc.com.", "On Saturday 18 April Peterhead clinched their first trophy as a football league club by winning the first Scottish League Two title by beating Clyde by 2 goals to 0 at Broadwood Stadium. They currently play in Scottish League One after winning the Scottish League Two Championship in the 2013–2014 season. Their home ground is Balmoor in Peterhead, with a capacity of 3,150. The current manager is Jim McInally, who was appointed on 7 October 2011 following the sacking of John Sheran on 23 September 2011.", "Aberdeen were the last club outside of the Old Firm to win a league title, in 1984–85, and also the last Scottish team to win a European trophy. The team has enjoyed less success since this golden era, but a 19-year wait for a major trophy was ended by winning the 2013–14 Scottish League Cup. Aberdeen's supporters, known as the Red Army, are listed in the team squad list as wearing the number 12 shirt. In 1999, a group of supporters founded the Red Ultras group with the express aim of improving the atmosphere at Pittodrie." ], "url": [ "http://www.peterheadfc.com/club/club-history", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peterhead_F.C.", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeen_F.C", "http://www.peterheadfc.com/club/club-history", "http://historicalkits.co.uk/Scottish_Football_League/Peterhead/Peterhead.htm", "http://news.stv.tv/north/29179-thousands-join-peterhead-memories-page/", "https://www.facebook.com/peterheadfc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peterhead_F.C.", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeen_F.C" ] }

[]

[ "Yes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Activated Charcoal for Pregnancy. It is also useful in acidity of the stomach, flatulency [gas], and in the nausea and constipation attending pregnancy.. Its absorbent and deodorant properties make charcoal a splendid agent to absorb putrid gases from the stomach and bowels.", "Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Activated charcoal might be safe when used short-term if you are pregnant or breast-feeding, but consult with your healthcare professional before using if you are pregnant.", "Activated charcoal is used to treat poisonings, reduce intestinal gas (flatulence), lower cholesterol levels, prevent hangover, and treat bile flow problems (cholestasis) during pregnancy.", "Charcoal Pregnancy Warnings. Charcoal has not been formally assigned to a pregnancy category by the FDA. No animal or human reproductive or fetotoxicity studies have been done. There appears to be no apparent toxicity associated with therapeutic dosages of activated charcoal administered once or for short periods of time.", "We used activated charcoal for poisonings and overdoses following oral ingestion. It is suppose to bind to the poison and keep it from being absorbed in the intestines. I have never heard of it being used for nausea. It is the body 's hormones levels during pregnancy that cause nausea.", "These pores help trap harmful chemicals. Some of the characteristics of activated charcoal include: 1 Activated charcoal is a fine, black powder that is odorless, tasteless, and nontoxic for the human body. 2 Activated charcoal detoxifies the body and inhibits absorption of poisonous substances by the body cells.(1).", "Activated Charcoal Dosage During Pregnancy: Activated charcoal is available in both liquid form and powder. The substance is available in doses of 15g/72 ml, 25g/ 120 ml, and 50 g/ 240 ml. For pregnant woman, it is always better to seek requisite guidance from the doctor and take prescribed dosage of activated charcoal.", "However, there is a lack of safety information on the potential effects of activated charcoal on pregnancy, breastfeeding, or the development of the fetus. A dose of 50 grams of activated charcoal taken by mouth three times daily for eight days has been safely used during pregnancy to reduce bile flow.", "1 Charcoal activated may cause your stools to turn black. 2 PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant while taking charcoal activated, discuss with your doctor the benefits and risks of using charcoal activated during pregnancy. 3 It is unknown if charcoal activated is excreted in breast milk." ], "url": [ "http://www.buyactivatedcharcoal.com/pregnancy", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-269-ACTIVATED%20CHARCOAL.aspx?activeIngredientId=269&activeIngredientName=ACTIVATED%20CHARCOAL", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-269-ACTIVATED%20CHARCOAL.aspx?activeIngredientId=269&activeIngredientName=ACTIVATED%20CHARCOAL", "http://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/charcoal.html", "http://www.mamapedia.com/article/activated-charcoal", "http://www.momjunction.com/articles/side-effects-of-activated-charcoal-during-pregnancy_00356745/", "http://www.momjunction.com/articles/side-effects-of-activated-charcoal-during-pregnancy_00356745/", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/toxicology-antidote/take-activated-charcoal-pregnant-breastfeeding", "http://www.drugs.com/cdi/charcoal-activated.html" ] }

[]

[ "Milk, eggs, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lupin (sometimes called “lupine”) is a legume belonging to the same plant family as peanuts. “For many people, eating lupin or a lupin-derived ingredient, such as a flour, is safe,” says Stefano Luccioli, M.D., a senior medical advisor at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). “But there are reports in the medical literature of allergic reactions to lupin, some of which can be severe.”. Reactions can include anaphylaxis (a severe response to an allergen that can include shock), which is life-threatening and can occur very quickly. Allergens are substances, such as lupin, that can cause allergic reactions. As with most food allergens, people can develop an allergy to lupin over time.", "Traditional Mediterranean lupini bean. Bitter large-seeded European white lupin (L. albus) is commonly eaten, after de-bittering, as a snack food preserved in brine (called 'lupini' or tremo os) in Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Egypt and Algeria. Lupin is related to other legumes, including peanuts and soy. Lupin has been a food ingredient in Europe for many years where it has been used to replace cereal grains in food products such as flour or pasta. However, it is not a common food ingredient in Australia.", "Because lupin flour is used more widely in mainland Europe, people who are allergic to peanuts or lupin should be especially careful when staying in other European countries or eating pastries etc. brought back from there. Foods Matter have an interesting article about Lupin allergy, The hidden menace of Lupin Flour. You can also visit the Lupin index on the Foods Matter for research reports, foods free from Lupin flour and a funny cartoon here.", "If you suspect that you may have an allergy to Lupin, the only real way of finding out for sure is by cutting out the food you suspect of causing the reaction, which you know to contain Lupin, for a month or two and then trying a small amount again. Foods Matter have an interesting article about Lupin allergy, The hidden menace of Lupin Flour. You can also visit the Lupin index on the Foods Matter for research reports, foods free from Lupin flour and a funny cartoon here.", "The seeds from some types of lupin can be used in foods such as seeded bread and can also be ground to make lupin flour, which is used sometimes in foods such as pastries. Foods Matter have an interesting article about Lupin allergy, The hidden menace of Lupin Flour. You can also visit the Lupin index on the Foods Matter for research reports, foods free from Lupin flour and a funny cartoon here.", "For many people, foods containing lupin are safe to eat. However, some people, especially those allergic to peanuts, may have allergic reactions after eating lupin or foods containing ingredients from lupin (like lupin flour). These are milk, eggs, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans. Although this kind of allergen labeling is not required for lupin and lupin-derived ingredients, they must still be declared by name in the list of ingredients on the food label.", "There does appear to be cross re-activity between peanut and lupin, since some people with peanut allergy (4%) can have allergic reactions to lupin. Europe is a good test case as it is estimated that 500,000 tonnes of food consumed annually, contain lupin. Second is the Australian Food Safety Review, which is an independent review – commissioned by the Grains Foods CRC in 2002 on Lupin Allergy. The list consists of cereals containing gluten, crustaceans, molluscs, eggs, fish, peanuts, nuts, soybeans, milk, celery, mustard, sesame, lupin and sulphur dioxide at levels above 10mg/kg, or 10 mg/litre, expressed as SO2.", "The Many Uses of Lupines. Lupines are sometimes made into flour and used in a variety of baked goods. Countries such as Italy and France often combine lupine flour with regular wheat flour to make baked goods, pasta, cereal and other flour-based foods. Pizza, biscuits, tomato sauce and chicken bouillon cubes may also contain this legume. Food manufacturers in Europe sometimes use lupines as a replacement for fat in some foods, including baked goods and ice cream. Roasted lupine beans are sold as snack items in Italy. In Chile, lupines are sold as a dietary fiber product made from hulls of the plant that are finely ground. ", "Lupin (also spelled lupine) is a legume belonging to the same plant family as peanuts. Lupin beans are a traditional food in Mediterranean cuisine. Lupin beans are eaten whole and also used to make ingredients such as lupin flour and lupin protein. These ingredients are often used in baked goods and pasta, including gluten-free products. These are milk, eggs, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans. Although this kind of allergen labeling is not required for lupin and lupin-derived ingredients, they must still be declared by name in the list of ingredients on the food label.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Lupin or lupini beans are the yellow legume seeds of Lupinus genus and are a traditional food of the Mediterranean basin (L. albus) and Latin America (L. mutabilis). They are traditionally eaten as a pickled snack food, primarily in the Mediterranean and South America. " ], "url": [ "http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm409836.htm", "http://www.lupins.org/products/", "http://whatallergy.com/2011-02/lupinallergy", "http://whatallergy.com/2011-02/lupinallergy", "http://whatallergy.com/2011-02/lupinallergy", "http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm410111.htm", "http://www.lupinfoods.com.au/faq-2/", "http://www.peanutallergy.com/articles/other-food-allergies/what-foods-have-lupine-in-them", "http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm410111.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupin_bean" ] }

[]

[ "Brave" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Origin of the name Valeria: Borrowed from the French, Valerie is from the Latin Valerius, an old Roman family name derived from valere (to be strong, healthy). From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman.", "[ 3 syll. va-le-ria, val-er-ia ] The baby girl name Valeria is pronounced Vaa-L EY-RYaa (Italian) or Baa-L EH-RYaa (Spanish) †. Valeria's language of origin is Latin. It is predominantly used in English, German, and Italian. The name Valeria means 'healthy, strong'. It is derived from the word valere which is of the meaning 'be healthy, be strong '. An old form of the name is Valeria (Latin). The name Valeria was borne by a celebrated Roman clan which remained prominent for a long period", "Latin Meaning: The name Valeria is a Latin baby name. In Latin the meaning of the name Valeria is: Brave. American Meaning: The name Valeria is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Valeria is: Brave. Italian Meaning: The name Valeria is an Italian baby name. In Italian the meaning of the name Valeria is: Strong; valiant. Shakespearean Meaning: The name Valeria is a Shakespearean baby name.", "Meaning of Valeria. Portuguese name. In Portuguese, the name Valeria means-A Portuguese version of the Latin name Valeria, meaning strong.. Other origins for the name Valeria include-Portuguese, Italian, Italian.The name Valeria is most often used as a girl name or female name. Portuguese Name Meaning-A Portuguese version of the Latin name Valeria, meaning strong. Origin-Portuguese.", "Valerie is also used as a nickname for Valeria. Both are often shortened to Val. Valery valéry Or valery is a masculine given name in parts Of (europe particularly In france And), russia as well as a common surname In francophone. Countries, another much, Rarer french masculine form can Be. valėre Valerie is almost always a feminine given name in English, derived directly from the French Valerie (valérie a-female only) name and ultimately from The Latin. Valeria valerie is also used as a nickname For. valeria", "Valerie is also used as a nickname for Valeria. Both are often shortened to Val. Valery valéry Or valery is a masculine given name in parts Of (europe particularly In france And), russia as well as a common surname In francophone. countries Valerie is almost always a feminine given name in English, derived directly from the French Valerie (valérie a-female only) name and ultimately from The Latin. Valeria valerie is also used as a nickname For. valeria", "Valeria /va-le-ria/ [4 sylls.] as a name for girls is of Latin origin, and the meaning of the name Valeria is strong, healthy. Valeria is a variant transcription of Valerie (Latin). Valeria is a very prominent first name for women (#859 out of 4276, Top 20%) and a slightly less prominent surname for both adults and children (#98298 out of 150436, Top 65%). (2000 U.S. Census). Shown below is the baby name popularity of Valeria for girls.", "Valerie /va-ler-ie/ [3 sylls.] as a girls' name is pronounced VAL-er-ee. It is of Latin origin, and the meaning of Valerie is strong, healthy . Feminine of Valerius, a Roman family clan name; the French form of an early Christian name, Valeria. Also the name of a fourth-century Spanish saint. Actresses Valerie Harper, Valerie Bertinelli, Valerie Perrine. " ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/valeria", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Valeria", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/valeria", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/portuguese-names/valeria.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valerie_(given_name)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valerie_(given_name)", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Valeria", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Valerie" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cluster headaches, which also are vascular, affect approximately 1 million people per year in the United States. Cluster headaches usually cause pain on one side of the head, occur in groups or “clusters” and can last for days at a time. Tension or muscle contraction headaches often are caused by anxiety and stress. These headaches are characterized by dull pain that begins in the neck or back of the head and squeezes the forehead area. They are characteristically described as having a “rubber band” tightened around your head.", "Migraine Triggers: Your Personal Checklist. Things that can trigger a migraine headache include foods, drinks, activities and exercise, medications, stress, too much or too little sleep, bright lights, hunger, odors, and hormones, among other factors. ", "But it can develop later in life. A milk allergy is an immune system reaction that causes various symptoms to form within the first hour of consuming the dairy product. Headaches and fatigue related to a milk allergy are the result of sinus inflammation. Dairy products on tabletop. Photo Credit Digital Vision./Photodisc/Getty Images. Consuming dairy products doesn't cause headaches and fatigue in healthy adults. If you eat dairy products and get a headache and fatigue, you may be allergic to milk or may be lactose intolerant. AskDrSears.com says headaches and fatigue are subtle symptoms of lactose intolerance. Most of the headaches related to a milk allergy or intolerance are the result of sinus inflammation, which causes sinus headaches. Stop drinking milk and make an appointment with your doctor", "1 Hold the Soy Sauce and MSG Monosodium glutamate (MSG), which is found in soy sauce and as a food additive in many other foods, has been found to cause cramps, diarrhea, and a horrible headache in 10 to 15 percent of people who get migraine headaches. 1 Red Wine and Other Alcohol Reactions Sulfites used as preservatives in red wine have been linked to migraine headaches. 2 Alcohol in any drink causes increased blood flow to your brain and can also result in dehydration, both of which might be headache triggers.", "Let s use a dairy allergy as an example. If you eat any form of dairy, be it milk, butter, cheese, yogurt, or even dairy in the form of casein or whey in another food product, such as bread or milk chocolate, then you can potentially trigger the symptoms of your food allergy, in this case a headache. A headache is really a symptom of something else. It is obviously pain in the head, but the common factor is that headaches of all types usually involve inflammation. If the immune system reacts to one or more of the foods that you eat, then an inflammatory reaction is taking place that can potentially affect your head.", "Stress, certain foods, food additives and hormones can initiate headaches. Researchers have classified many different types of headaches that include sinus headaches, exertion headaches, fever headaches, menstrual headaches and bilious headaches. To simplify let’s examine the three major categories of headaches. Tension or muscle contraction headaches often are caused by anxiety and stress. These headaches are characterized by dull pain that begins in the neck or back of the head and squeezes the forehead area. They are characteristically described as having a “rubber band” tightened around your head.", "Headaches (including Migraines) Many people with chronic headaches suffer from them for years with no permanent relief. Whether or not you have migraine headaches, tension headaches, sinus headaches, or an undetermined form of headache, it is very possible that you are suffering from food allergy-induced inflammation. A headache is really a symptom of something else. It is obviously pain in the head, but the common factor is that headaches of all types usually involve inflammation. If the immune system reacts to one or more of the foods that you eat, then an inflammatory reaction is taking place that can potentially affect your head.", "Causes. Your headache symptoms can help your doctor determine the cause and the appropriate treatment. Most headaches aren't the result of a serious illness, but some may result from a life-threatening condition requiring emergency care. Headaches are generally classified by cause: ", "A soy allergy can cause a headache to develop within minutes of ingesting soy proteins. Soy is one of the most common food allergens and will trigger a plethora of symptoms along with the headache. A headache from a soy allergy is the result of increased histamine levels in your sinus tissue, which causes inflammation. Talk with your doctor before treating your headache. Most headaches that result from consuming soy are treated by avoiding the consumption of soy. Your doctor may recommend the use of over-the-counter medications, such as nasal decongestants and pain relievers." ], "url": [ "http://drhoffman.com/article/headaches-hunting-down-the-cause-of-your-pain-2/", "http://www.webmd.com/migraines-headaches/guide/food-related-headaches", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/378971-does-eating-dairy-cause-headaches-fatigue/", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/headache-pictures/8-foods-that-trigger-headaches.aspx", "http://centerforfoodallergies.com/Headaches.htm", "http://drhoffman.com/article/headaches-hunting-down-the-cause-of-your-pain-2/", "http://centerforfoodallergies.com/Headaches.htm", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/headache/basics/causes/SYM-20050800", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/461221-soy-headaches/" ] }

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[ "Red cell distribution width (RDW) laboratory test is a part of a standard complete blood count (CBC)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Inother words, no problem! RDW refers to the variation in size if your red blood cells. A … low RDW means that the cells are all roughly the same size. A high RDW means there isa high variation in the sizes of the cells and usually means a deficiency of iron and/or B12. If the RDW level is increased and the MCV level is normal. This can be caused by the beginning stages of a decrease in vitamin B12 or folic acid (a type of vitamin) in the body. It can also be caused by the beginning stages of iron deficiency anemia", "RDW is the abbreviation for red blood cell distribution width.. According to Lab Tests Online, RDW calculates the varying sizes of red blood cell (RBC) volume in a blood sample. An RDW test is usually performed as part of a CBC, or complete blood count. It is virtually impossible to discuss the RDW aspect of a blood test without including MCV, or mean corpuscle value. MCV goes hand in hand with red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in terms of anemia and other hematology disorders, and the values of both are influenced by each other.", "Red cell distribution width (RDW) laboratory test is a part of a standard complete blood count (CBC), and it is used along with other RBC indices, especially mean corpuscular volume (MCV) to help determine the causes of anemia. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a parameter that measures variation in red blood cell size or red blood cell volume.", "77 Followers. A. RDW stands for the red blood cell distribution width. This is a standard reported measure on a complete blood count (CBC) lab test. It measures the variability in red blood cell size. In the normal state, red blood cells are continually being produced and removed from the blood at a steady rate", "The red blood cell distribution width (“RDW”) test is normally done when the complete blood count is ordered by the health practitioner. The RDW test measures the variations in size of red blood cells. It is used with the MCV (mean corpuscular volume) test results to better determine types of anemia. Normally red blood cells are between six to eight micrometers in diameter (a micrometer is one millionth of a meter and its symbol is μm). ", "105347. Red cell distribution width is a clinical measure that is used to assess the size of the red blood cells or calculate the volume of the red blood cells. It forms a part of the complete blood count i.e. CBC analysis." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_RDW_mean_in_a_blood_test", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5314562_rdw-blood-test_.html", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2098635-overview", "http://answers.webmd.com/answers/1198043/what-is-rdw", "http://effectivediagnosis.org/rdw-blood-test/", "http://healthresearchfunding.org/rdw-blood-test-results-explained/" ] }

[]

[ "Digestive System" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "5. The system that allows echinoderms to move and to attach to substrates is called the ambulacral system. In these animals, water enters through a structure called the madreporite, passes through channels and reaches the ambulacral feet along the undersurface of the body.", "Digestive System. Echinoderms have a simple digestive system with a mouth, stomachs, intestineand anus. In many, the mouth is on the underside and the anus on the top surface of the animal. Sea stars can push their stomachs outside of their body and insert it into its prey allowint them to digest the food externally.", "Starfish belong to a group or phylum of animals called echinoderms. This means spiny skinned in Greek. Echinoderms live in salt water only. They sgenerally have five arms and dwell at the bottom of oceans' levels. There are around 6000 species of", "The systems of the body includes the circulatory, immune, skeletal, excretory, muscular, endocrine, digestive, nervous and respiratory. It is important to understand how human body systems work together.", "The sand dollar does not have a circulatory, respiratory, or excretory systems, It has a network of water-filled canals called the water vascular system to help move & feed. •it's powered by the movement of water through the canals.", "Echinoderms have a network of fluid-filled canals that function in gas exchange, feeding and in movement. The network contains a central ring and areas which contain the tube feet which stretch along the body or arms. The tube feet poke through holes in the skeleton and can be extended or contracted.", "Starfish and sea stars like this are known as echinoderms that are from the class Asteroidea. Starfish similar to other echinoderms have skeletons that consists of small calcareous (Calcium Rich) ossicles, also known as bony plates. In order to move these bony plates they use a system known as water vascular system.", "The phylum Echinoderms means spiny-skinned in Latin. There body shape is contains 5 or more arms (Most of them that are grouped by: 2 left, 1 middle, 2 right). Each arm are equal to the other and have a separate copy of organs." ], "url": [ "http://www.biology-questions-and-answers.com/echinodermata.html", "http://mesa.edu.au/echinoderms/", "http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/Starfish.html", "http://www.accuterm.com/life-sciences.html", "http://thecircleofblood.weebly.com/echinodermata.html", "http://mesa.edu.au/echinoderms/", "http://gotmuscle.weebly.com/echinodermata.html", "http://gotmuscle.weebly.com/echinodermata.html" ] }

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[ "A cosmetics retailer headquartered in Poole, Dorset United Kingdom, founded by Mark Constantine, a trichologist and Liz Weir, a beauty therapist." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Lush is also known for their Bath Bombs which are solid bars of sodium bicarbonate. As of July 2012, Lush began selling their Emotional Brilliance makeup collection, which includes liquid lipsticks, liquid eyeliners, and cream shadows. In 2007, Lush started openly supporting campaigning groups by sending a dozen cheques for £1000 each, including road protests groups such as Road Block and NoM1Widening, Hacan Clear Skies (anti-aviation group), and Dump the Dump (which is fighting against an incinerator).", "Lush is a privately owned company with a small number of shares available on an invitation basis only. The company's growth is based mainly upon partnerships. The company also owned the B Never Too Busy To Be Beautiful brand, which had outlets in Poole, Leeds, Covent Garden, and Oxford Street. In 2007, Lush started openly supporting campaigning groups by sending a dozen cheques for £1000 each, including road protests groups such as Road Block and NoM1Widening, Hacan Clear Skies (anti-aviation group), and Dump the Dump (which is fighting against an incinerator).", "Familiarity information: LUSH used as a noun is very rare. • LUSH (adjective). The adjective LUSH has 3 senses: 1. produced or growing in extreme abundance. 2. characterized by extravagance and profusion. 3. full of juice. Familiarity information: LUSH used as an adjective is uncommon. ", "Extravagant or luxurious, as in ornamentation: the lush decor of a grand hotel. b. Extremely pleasing to the senses: a lush scent; lush fruit; the lush sounds of an orchestra. c. Voluptuous or sensual: [His]eyes swept over her lush young body until she was all the way out the door (Clark Howard). 1. (of vegetation) growing abundantly; luxuriant. 2. succulent; tender and juicy. 3. characterized by luxuriant vegetation: a lush valley. 4. characterized by abundance, luxuriousness, opulence, etc.: the lush surroundings of an estate.", "Lush has also phased out its use of sodium palm kernelate, which is derived from trees in the natural habitat of orangutans. Since 2008, all Lush soaps have been made with palm-free soap base, and they have since removed all traces of palm oil from the products. In 2007, Lush started openly supporting campaigning groups by sending a dozen cheques for £1000 each, including road protests groups such as Road Block and NoM1Widening, Hacan Clear Skies (anti-aviation group), and Dump the Dump (which is fighting against an incinerator).", "1 Shortened form of luscious. 2 I loved that movie, it was lush. 3 Citation from Episode 3, Little Britain (TV, 2004), Season 2 Episode 3 blacked out to resolve Google's penalty against this site. 4 You are a lush. 5 See more words with the same meaning: good, okay, cool, awesome, fun. 1 (British slang.) That Louis Vuitton purse is lush! 2 Your body is lush. 3 See more words with the same meaning: British, UK slang (list of) . 4 See more words with the same meaning: expensive, fancy, high quality.", "The lush vegetation of a rainforest. The lush vegetation of a rainforest. The definition of lush is something that is full or exists in abundance. It also is a woman with a sensuous body. 1 An example of lush is vegetation in the rainforest. 2 An example of lush is Marilyn Monroe. b. Extremely pleasing to the senses: a lush scent; lush fruit; the lush sounds of an orchestra. c. Voluptuous or sensual: “[His]eyes swept over her lush young body until she was all the way out the door” (Clark Howard).", "4. lush. If presented with an opportunity to drink shamelessly and in large quantities, and if in the mood for a drunken good time, a lush generally won’t pass up on it. Its not that you're a lush ALL the time, but when given the opportunity, you're definately a lush. by Mademoiselle J July 04, 2004. 5.", "Lush is a cosmetics retailer headquartered in Poole, Dorset United Kingdom, founded by Mark Constantine, a trichologist and Liz Weir, a beauty therapist. In 2007, Lush started openly supporting campaigning groups by sending a dozen cheques for £1000 each, including road protests groups such as Road Block and NoM1Widening, Hacan Clear Skies (anti-aviation group), and Dump the Dump (which is fighting against an incinerator)." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lush_(company)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lush_(company)", "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/lush.htm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/lush", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lush_(company)", "http://onlineslangdictionary.com/meaning-definition-of/lush", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/lush", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=lush", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lush_(company)" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "View full size image. The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste and other unwanted materials. The primary function of the lymphatic system is to transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body. The lymphatic system primarily consists of lymphatic vessels, which are similar to the circulatory system's veins and capillaries.", "In some cases, delayed food allergies will cause tonsillar lymph node swelling. Common causes can be peanuts, dairy, and wheat. Other items can cause the swelling also. This type of allergy is more difficult to diagnose. Often the best way to determine this is the cause is by removing the suspected food item. It is still wise to have any lumps checked by a health care professional. Lymph Nodes filter lymph fluid through the body.", "The tonsils share some histological features with lymph nodes: 1 cells in the tonsils are supported by a fine network of reticular fibres and. 2 high-endothelial (postcapillary ~) venules function in the homing of circulating lymphocytes-this is actually a shared feature of all lymphoid tissues and organs. Spleen. The spleen is, like the lymph nodes, a discriminatory filter. Unlike the lymph nodes, the spleen is inserted into the blood stream. The spleen clears the blood of aged blood cells and foreign particles and is the site of immune reactions to blood-borne antigens. The spleen is not essential to life in adult individual", "The tonsils and adenoids are composed of tissues similar to the lymph nodes or glands found in the neck or other parts of the body. Together, they are part of a ring of glandular tissue (Waldeyer's ring) encircling the back of the throat. The tonsils are the two masses of tissue on either side of the back of the throat. 1 Tonsils and adenoids are composed of tissues similar to the lymph nodes or glands. 2 Acute tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils caused by one of several types of bacteria or viruses.", "It is made up of the spleen, thymus, tonsils, adenoids, bone marrow and a network of lymph nodes throughout the body that are connected by lymph vessels. Lymphatic tissue (which stores infection-fighting cells) is also found in other parts of the body, including the stomach, intestines and skin. Lymph. Lymph (lymph fluid) is a clear, yellowish fluid that carries white blood cells white blood cellsA type of blood cell that helps the body fight infection and diseases. (lymphocytes lymphocytesA type of white blood cell that fights viruses, bacteria, foreign substances or abnormal cells (including cancer cells).", "Enlarged Tonsils and Lymph Nodes. The lymphatic tissues of the nose and throat (lymph nodes, tonsils, adenoids) are the primary sites of immune response to in-coming bacteria, visuses and food materials. It is not surprising then to find the tonsils and adenoids enlarged in a food allergic child. Behavior. The lymphatic tissues of the nose and throat (lymph nodes, tonsils, adenoids) are the primary sites of immune response to in-coming bacteria, visuses and food materials." ], "url": [ "http://www.livescience.com/26983-lymphatic-system.html", "http://www.thelymphnodes.com/locations/neck-lymph-nodes/tonsillar-lymph-nodes/", "http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Lymphoid2/lymph2.htm", "http://www.medicinenet.com/adenoids_and_tonsils/article.htm", "http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/anatomy-and-physiology/?region=on", "http://www.nutramed.com/children/tonsils_nodes.htm" ] }

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[ "$925 and $2,500 per tooth" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Porcelain veneers are more expensive than indirect or direct composite resin veneers. Traditional porcelain veneers cost between $925 and $2,500 per tooth but can last 10 to 15 years. Composite veneers cost approximately $250 to $1500 per tooth and may last between five and seven years. ", "Veneers can cost from as little as $500 each to over $2000. Good oral hygiene is expected with porcelain veneers just as you would normal healthy teeth. As durable as they are a little extra care will need to be taken when it comes to eating tough foods and be sure to avoid grinding of your teeth. ", "Costs of veneers vary depending on what part of the country you live in and on the extent of your procedure. Generally, veneers range in cost from $500 to $1,300 per tooth. The cost of veneers is not generally covered by insurance. To be certain, check with your specific dental insurance company. ", "In Australia: The cost of a porcelain veneer is on average $800-$1200 per tooth. Yes... per tooth. The cost of a composite veneer would be $250-$500 per tooth. The ADA dental fee survey for 2012 reported an average price amongst dentists who responded (about 3000 members) of $1087 per tooth for porcelain veneers and $326 for a composite veneer. In the US: the cost of veneers is actually proportionally higher and can range anywhere from $1000-$30", "Although the cost of veneers varies significantly, there are national averages serving as a price indicator. Composite veneers cost per tooth ranges between $250 and $1,500. Porcelain veneers cost per tooth ranges between $925 and $2,500. Compare with the cost of mini implants, the cost of dentures and the cost of tooth bridges. ", "A poor result may cost you far more in the long run. On average, Lumineers or traditional veneers can cost anywhere between $800 and $2,000 per tooth, depending on individual cases and needs. Factors that will influence the cost of treatment are case difficulty, size, geography, and more. The cost of Lumineers or other smile enhancement should never keep you from achieving the smile you've always wanted. Getting that perfect smile is an important investment because you are investing in yourself, which can pay important dividends in terms of self-esteem, confidence, career and relationships.", "1 At 0.2mm-0.3mm thick, the Lumineers brand of veneers are thin like a contact lens, and cost $700-$1,300 per tooth, or total costs of $2,800-$5,500 on four upper front teeth. 2 Veneers are considered purely cosmetic and are rarely covered by dental insurance. Additional costs: 1 Standard veneers require removing about .5mm of surface tooth enamel before the dentist uses light-activated cement to glue on the custom-made covers. 2 Because they are ultra-thin, Lumineers can often be installed without shaving the enamel, and without needles or shots.", "1 On average, the cost of porcelain veneers can vary anywhere from as little as $1,500 to as much as $20,000. 2 The pricing has such as wide range because each person’s teeth vary. 3 With that being said, replacing a few teeth with porcelain veneers will be a lot cheaper than replacing a full set of teeth. A porcelain veneer is a piece of porcelain that is bonded to the natural surface of your tooth. Porcelain veneers can be done for a number of reasons. First, they can improve the color of the teeth.", "The cost of veneers will vary depending on the difficulty of your individual case, the amount of veneers needed, and the city and state you are located in. Only your individual dentist can tell you what the final cost will be. Typically, veneers can cost on average $1000 per tooth. between $800 and $2,000 per tooth. " ], "url": [ "http://www.yourdentistryguide.com/veneer-procedure/", "http://www.jephsonstreetdental.com.au/veneers-brisbane.html", "http://www.webmd.com/oral-health/guide/veneers", "http://jamiethedentist.com/dental-veneers/costs", "http://www.newimage.com/cosmetic-dentistry/dental-veneers-cost.html", "http://www.lumineers.com/h2_lumineers_cost", "http://health.costhelper.com/veneer-lumineer.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/porcelain-veneers-cost/", "http://www.smilebrilliant.com/articles/average-cost-of-dental-veneers" ] }

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[ "A group of conditions that are the result of a problem with one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromosomes are the structures within the body’s cells that contain genes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Chromosome abnormalities are problems that exist in the genetic structure of a baby's chromosomes. Also referred to as chromosome disorders, these abnormalities can appear in different ways in your baby.", "Chromosome Abnormalities. Chromosome abnormalities are problems that exist in the genetic structure of a baby's chromosomes. Also referred to as chromosome disorders, these abnormalities can appear in different ways in your baby. Most chromosome abnormalities involve an extra copy of a particular chromosome.", "Chromosomal Disorders-list, types, structure, symptoms and treatment. Chromosomal Disorders-abnormalities affecting the chromosomes that result in syndromes (constellations of symptoms) having characteristic physical or functional anomalies. Most chromosomal disorders occur because of alterations in the number of chromosomes or the structure of chromosomes.", "Although it is possible to inherit some types of chromosomal abnormalities, most chromosomal disorders (such as Down syndrome and Turner syndrome) are not passed from one generation to the next. Some chromosomal conditions are caused by changes in the number of chromosomes.", "A chromosomal abnormality can affect the number of chromosomes, the structure of certain chromosomes, or the composition of chromosomes. If the material found in chromosomes is balanced so that the expected amount is found in each cell, no abnormalities occur.", "Chromosomal abnormalities are a group of conditions that are the result of a problem with one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromosomes are the structures within the body’s cells that contain genes. Normally, people hav", "Chromosomal disorders of structure occur when there are physical changes to the chromosome that alter its configuration. In TRANSLOCATION, fragments of a chromosome break away and reattach to other chromosomes or are lost, potentially changing several chromosomes with unpredictable and random results." ], "url": [ "http://www.pregnancy-info.net/chromosomal_abnormalities.html", "http://www.pregnancy-info.net/chromosomal_abnormalities.html", "http://www.beltina.org/health-dictionary/chromosomal-disorders-list-types-symptoms-treatment.html", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/inheritance/chromosomalinheritance", "http://health.cvs.com/GetContent.aspx?token=f75979d3-9c7c-4b16-af56-3e122a3f19e3&chunkiid=101103", "http://health.cvs.com/GetContent.aspx?token=f75979d3-9c7c-4b16-af56-3e122a3f19e3&chunkiid=101103", "http://www.beltina.org/health-dictionary/chromosomal-disorders-list-types-symptoms-treatment.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "About. The Three Hares is a pattern consisting of three rabbits following each other in a circle which has been found in a variety of mediums, including art, religious symbols and architecture. As a puzzle, it is often cited as an example of a strange loop or optical illusion. ", "The three hares is a circular motif appearing in sacred sites from the Middle and Far East to the churches of Devon, England (as the Tinners ' Rabbits), and historical synagogues in Europe. 1 Three Conies Inn was the name of a 17th-century inn, and three rabbits feeding was used as a motif on the obverse of its trade token. 2 The property is believed to date from at least the 17th century; the stone sundial above the former front door shows the date 1622.", "The symbol features three hares or rabbits chasing each other in a circle. Like the triskelion, the triquetra, and their antecedents (e.g., the triple spiral), the symbol of the three hares has a threefold rotational symmetry. Each of the ears is shared by two hares, so that only three ears are shown. Although its meaning is apparently not explained in contemporary written sources from any of the medieval cultures where it is found, it is thought to have a range of symbolic or mystical associations with fertility and the lunar cycle. 1 Three Conies Inn was the name of a 17th-century inn, and three rabbits feeding was used as a motif on the obverse of its trade token. 2 The property is believed to date from at least the 17th century; the stone sundial above the former front door shows the date 1622.", "The search for the meaning and origin of the ancient symbol of the three hares. Tuesday 16 November 2004 11.00-11.30am. An ancient symbol in the roof of a Dartmoor church turns out to link paganism, Islam, Christianity and Buddhism over almost 2000 years, in a fascinating historical detective story. Medieval roof boss, Wissembourg copyright Chris Chapman. Listen again to the programme. Chasing Hares Writer and historian, James Crowden, follows three historical detectives from a church in Devon to a high mountain kingdom in the Himalayas searching for the meaning and origin of the ancient symbol of the three hares.", "The motif of the Three Hares is used in a number of medieval European churches, particularly in France (e.g. , in the Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourviere fourvière In) lyon And. Germany it occurs with the greatest frequency in the churches of The West country Of. england 1 Three Conies Inn was the name of a 17th-century inn, and three rabbits feeding was used as a motif on the obverse of its trade token. 2 The property is believed to date from at least the 17th century; the stone sundial above the former front door shows the date 1622.", "Origins of the Motif. Although the ancient examples of the three hares motif that are known to remain cover a wide geographical range, the majority are located in southeast England, particularly Devon, where they appear on more than two dozen roof bosses — stone or wooden bas reliefs — in local churches.", "The three hares is an ancient symbol that is found in many religious places, buildings and caves ranging from the British Isles, Germany, France and other parts of Europe to the Middle East and parts of China in the Far East. Curiously the motif is found in many of the more well known wooden synagogues in the Ashknaz region of Germany dating from the 17th and 18th century along with the following riddle:-. Three hares sharing three ears, Yet every one of them has two.", "During the Sui and Tang dynasties (581-907), three-hares images were painted on the center of the ceilings of at least 17 caves. Typically, the circle of hares is surrounded by eight large lotus petals and forms the focal point of a large painted canopy covering the entire ceiling. Of all 17 three-hares images, the one in Cave 139 is the most detailed. This image is also the best preserved—perhaps because the cave is accessible only through a small elevated opening on the right side of the entryway to Cave 138." ], "url": [ "http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/three-hares", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_hares", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_hares", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/science/hares.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_hares", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-three-hares-motif.htm", "https://ztevetevans.wordpress.com/2015/05/06/ancient-symbols-the-puzzle-of-the-three-hares/", "http://chinesepuzzles.org/three-hares/" ] }

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[ "Whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, walruses, and many other marine animals are mammals, not fish. The marine mammals exist because about 50 to 60 millions of years ago, some mammals wandered off of the land and into the ocean, and there they evolved into different types of marine mammals." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Yes the killer whale is a mammal. In fact the killer whale is the largest living marine mammals in the dolphin family, which is composed of over 40 different species. When fully grown the killer whale can measure in at up to 32 ft. long (16 – 26 ft. on average) and weight as much as 6 tons (3 – 4.5 tons on average).", "In fact the killer whale is the largest living marine mammals in the dolphin family, which is composed of over 40 different species.", "Species: orca. Though killer whales, also called orcas, are considered whales by most people, they are actually members of the Delphinidae (dolphin) family. Killer whales are excellent hunters that a wide range of prey, including fish, seals, and big whales such as blue whales.", "Answer 1: whales. Whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, walruses, and many other marine animals are mammals, not fish. The marine mammals exist because about 50 to 60 millions of years ago, some mammals wandered off of the land and into the ocean, and there they evolved into different types of marine mammals.", "When it comes to food killer whales have been known to hunt and eat everything from a variety of fish and squid to large marine mammals such as walruses, sea lions seals and whales. Some of the most interesting foods these marine mammals have been known to consume include: 1 Birds. 2 Polar bears. 3 The remains of killer whales." ], "url": [ "http://www.whalefacts.org/is-a-killer-whale-a-mammal/", "http://www.whalefacts.org/is-a-killer-whale-a-mammal/", "http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/cetaceans/killer.php", "http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=2536", "http://www.whalefacts.org/is-a-killer-whale-a-mammal/" ] }

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[ "Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosome found inside mitochondria. The mitochondria are organelles found in cells that are the sites of energy production.", "It is the inheritance of a trait encoded in the mitochondrial genome." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Mitochondrial inheritance: The inheritance of a trait encoded in the mitochondrial genome. Because of the oddities of mitochondria, mitochondrial inheritance does not obey the classic rules of genetics. ", "Mitochondrial inheritance. Mitochondria are the cellular organelles that are responsible for the production of energy. They are maternally inherited because they are supplied by the egg at fertilization. Important concepts of mitochondrial inheritance: 1 Maternal inheritance. 2 Males and females are equally affected. 3 Disease phenotype is determined by: 4 Type of mutation. 5 Prevalence of abnormal mitochondria.", "Mitochondrial Inheritance. Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosome found inside mitochondria. The mitochondria are organelles found in cells that are the sites of energy production. The mitochondria, and thus mitochondrial DNA, are passed from mother to offspring.", "The types of mitochondrial disease inheritance include: 1 DNA (DNA contained in the nucleus of the cell) inheritance. 2 Also called autosomal inheritance. 3 If this gene trait is recessive (one gene from each parent), often no other family members appear to be affected. 1 Mitochondrial disease is a chronic, genetic disorder that occurs when the mitochondria of the cell fail to produce enough energy for cell or organ function. 2 The incidence is about 1:4000 individuals in the US. 3 This is similar to the incidence of cystic fibrosis of caucasian births in the U.S.", "Mitochondrial diseases result from failures of the mitochondria, specialized compartments present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. Mitochondria are responsible for creating more than 90% of the energy needed by the body to sustain life and support growth. When they fail, less and less energy is generated within the cell. Cell injury and even cell death follow.", "mitochondrial inheritance. The acquisition of traits, characteristics and disorders from parents to their children by transmission of genetic information. Genes come in pairs: one originating from the father, the other from the mother. A fourth type of inheritance considered in ophthalmic practice is mitochondrial (maternal) inheritance in which the inheritance of a trait encoded in the mitochondrial DNA is transmitted through the female line (mother to son or mother to daughter). Examples: Leber's hereditary optic atrophy; Kearns-Sayre syndrome", "Due to the maternal pattern of mitochondrial inheritance, males with a mitochondrial disease are not considered to be at risk for transmitting the disorder to their offspring. It's important to remember that there are many mitochondria within a cell, each with its own mtDNA and potential mutations. As previously mentioned, mitochondrial DNA in humans is always inherited from a person's mother (Figure 4). As a result, we share our mitochondrial DNA sequence with our mothers, brothers, sisters, maternal grandmothers, maternal aunts and uncles, and other maternal relatives.", "Maternal Inheritance. Autosomal recessive inheritance was the easy one; maternal inheritance (also known as mitochondrial or cytoplasmic inheritance) is the most complicated of all. Maternally inherited mitochondrial disorders are not rare, and possibly are as common as autosomal recessive mitochondrial disorders. There is also a mitochondrial disorder known as LHON (Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy) where the mitochondrial DNA mutations which causes the disease (acquired blindness) are homoplasmic-meaning that all of the mitochondria carry the defect.", "(February 2014). Mitochondrial disease is a group of disorders caused by dysfunctional mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for the cell. Mitochondria are found in every cell of the human body except red blood cells, and convert the energy of food molecules into the ATP that powers most cell functions. " ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4402", "http://www.utmb.edu/pedi_ed/CORE/MedicalGenetics/page_22.htm", "http://geneed.nlm.nih.gov/topic_subtopic.php?tid=5&sid=9", "http://www.mitoaction.org/mito-faq", "http://www.umdf.org/site/c.8qKOJ0MvF7LUG/b.7934627/k.3711/What_is_Mitochondrial_Disease.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mitochondrial+inheritance", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/mtDNA-and-Mitochondrial-Diseases-903", "http://www.umdf.org/site/c.8qKOJ0MvF7LUG/b.7940911/k.555F/Inheritance__Genetics.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_disease" ] }

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[ "It is in Clark County,United States." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Save this search to get email alerts when listings hit the market. {targetDiv:gpt-ad-b0d1496f-485a-4828-907f-a352f438fb77,slot:zillow/search_results/buy_general/b_right_p1,network:7449,sizes:[300,250],targets:{zip:98604,aamgnrc4:Battle_Ground Clark. 1 Displaying unmapped homes. 2 See mappable homes. 3 Only showing 500 homes.", "Construction on WSDOT’s project to widen SR-502 from I-5 to Battle Ground has resumed. Read on to link to the WSDOT project page for a complete project overview and/or to receive construction activity updates. City Council has passed a resolution naming the Battle Ground fire and police stations the William J. Ganley Public Safety Complex. This distinct honor recognizes Councilmember Bill Ganley for his extraordinary leadership in service to the community. Read on..", "Battle Ground is a city in Clark County, Washington, United States. Battle Ground is 18.5 miles from Portland International Airport, the closest large commercial airport. Battle Ground is 25.5 miles from Portland, Oregon and 161 miles from Seattle, Washington. Battle Ground has 2 different highways running in it 503(Lewisville Highway), and 502(NE 219th ST)", "According to the Washington State Office of Financial Management, Battle Ground ranked 4th of 279 eligible incorporated communities in population growth between 2000 and 2005. Battle Ground is 18.5 miles from Portland International Airport, the closest large commercial airport. Battle Ground is 25.5 miles from Portland, Oregon and 161 miles from Seattle, Washington. Battle Ground has 2 different highways running in it 503(Lewisville Highway), and 502(NE 219th ST)", "Experience all that Battle Ground has to offer at this quality hotel-close to Washington State University Vancouver and the Portland International Airport, 100% non-smoking hotel! The BEST WESTERN PLUS Battle Ground Inn & Suites, situated just outside of Portland, is committed to providing guests with friendly, personalized customer service, great amenities and comfortable accommodations-all at an affordable rate. This hotel is ideal for guests visiting Battle Ground Lake and Mount St. Helens.", "13.5%. According to our research of Washington and other state lists there were 10 registered sex offenders living in Battle Ground, Washington as of October 07, 2015. The ratio of number of residents in Battle Ground to the number of sex offenders is 1,804 to 1. Colleges/universities with over 2000 students nearest to Battle Ground: 1 Clark College (about 12 miles; Vancouver, WA; Full-time enrollment: 9,330). 2 Concordia University-Portland (about 16 miles; Portland, OR; FT enrollment: 3,996).", "1 Battle Ground: When I used to live in BG, on my exchange program I liked to hang out on the park. Colleges/universities with over 2000 students nearest to Battle Ground: 1 Clark College (about 12 miles; Vancouver, WA; Full-time enrollment: 9,330). 2 Concordia University-Portland (about 16 miles; Portland, OR; FT enrollment: 3,996).", "Battle Ground, Washington is a city with much to offer residents & visitors alike. Battle Ground enjoys a mild climate, clean air, beautiful scenic views in a country setting. All the advantages of small-town living while being only a short drive to the amenities of Portland, Oregon. " ], "url": [ "http://www.zillow.com/battle-ground-wa/", "http://www.cityofbg.org/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_Ground,_Washington", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_Ground,_Washington", "http://book.bestwestern.com/bestwestern/US/WA/Battle-Ground-hotels/BEST-WESTERN-PLUS-Battle-Ground-Inn---Suites/Hotel-Overview.do?propertyCode=48167", "http://www.city-data.com/city/Battle-Ground-Washington.html", "http://www.city-data.com/city/Battle-Ground-Washington.html", "http://bgwa.com/" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Ground water has to squeeze through pore spaces of rock and sediment to move through an aquifer (the porosity of such aquifers make them good filters for natural purification. The top of an unconfined aquifer is the water table. A confined aquifer has at least one aquitard at its top and, if it is stacked with others, an aquitard at its base. figure 1. Click on image for larger view. Figure 1 shows an example of an aquifer system in the lower Portneuf River valley.", "Typical aquifer cross-section. An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt) from which groundwater can be extracted using a water well. If a rock unit of low porosity is highly fractured, it can also make a good aquifer (via fissure flow), provided the rock has a hydraulic conductivity sufficient to facilitate movement of water. Porosity is important, but, alone, it does not determine a rock's ability to act as an aquifer.", "When a water-bearing rock readily transmits water to wells and springs, it is called an aquifer. Wells can be drilled into the aquifers and water can be pumped out. Precipitation eventually adds water (rechargeWater added to an aquifer. For instance, rainfall that seeps into the ground (infiltration). ) into the porous rock of the aquifer.", "The boundaries of an aquifer are usually gradational into other aquifers, so that an aquifer can be part of an aquifer system. The top of an unconfined aquifer is the water table. A confined aquifer has at least one aquitard at its top and, if it is stacked with others, an aquitard at its base. figure 1. Click on image for larger view. Figure 1 shows an example of an aquifer system in the lower Portneuf River valley.", "Limestone: Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite (calcium carbonate: CaCO3). A type of limestone known as dolomite is composed of calcium mag … nesium carbonate CaMg(CO3)2. Millions of shelled creatures die in the seas and their bodies fall to the ocean floor. ", "The upper surface of this zone of saturation is called the water table. The saturated zone beneath the water table is called an aquifer, and aquifers are huge storehouses of water. What you are looking at in this picture is a well that exposes the water table, with an aquifer beneath it. Wells can be drilled into the aquifers and water can be pumped out. Precipitation eventually adds water (rechargeWater added to an aquifer. For instance, rainfall that seeps into the ground (infiltration). ) into the porous rock of the aquifer.", "The study of water flow in aquifers and the characterization of aquifers is called hydrogeology. Related terms include aquitard, which is a bed of low permeability along an aquifer, and aquiclude (or aquifuge), which is a solid, impermeable area underlying or overlying an aquifer. If a rock unit of low porosity is highly fractured, it can also make a good aquifer (via fissure flow), provided the rock has a hydraulic conductivity sufficient to facilitate movement of water. Porosity is important, but, alone, it does not determine a rock's ability to act as", "Aquifers are typically saturated regions of the subsurface that produce an economically feasible quantity of water to a well or spring (e.g., sand and gravel or fractured bedrock often make good aquifer materials). If a rock unit of low porosity is highly fractured, it can also make a good aquifer (via fissure flow), provided the rock has a hydraulic conductivity sufficient to facilitate movement of water. Porosity is important, but, alone, it does not determine a rock's ability to act as an aquifer.", "Gravel makes a good aquifer because it is extremely permeable and porous. The large pieces of sediment create significant pore spaces that water can travel through. Often, gravel must be surrounded by a less permeable soil type, such as rich clay or impenetrable rock. Save. The sediments that make up aquifers must be permeable and porous, allowing water to move through them. Water from an aquifer is generally extremely clean, as the fine sediments trap particles and bacteria, acting as a natural filter. The sediments that tend to make the best aquifers include sandstone, limestone, gravel and, in some cases, fractured volcanic" ], "url": [ "http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/hydr/concepts/gwater/aquifer.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer", "http://water.usgs.gov/edu/earthgwaquifer.html", "http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/hydr/concepts/gwater/aquifer.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_limestone_a_good_aquifer", "http://water.usgs.gov/edu/earthgwaquifer.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8469747_sediments-make-good-aquifer.html" ] }

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[ "A detergent-like agent that reduces the surface tension of the liquid film covering the inner lining of the pulmonary alveoli.", "A surface-active lipoprotein mixture which coats the alveoli and which prevents collapse of the lungs by reducing the surface tension of pulmonary fluids." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "pulmonary surfactant. A lipoprotein secreted by type II alveolar cells that decreases the surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli, permitting expansion. Synthetic lung surfactant is available for treating patients with respiratory distress syndrome.", "Background. The surface of the tiny air sacs of the lungs (alveoli), where oxygen goes into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide comes out, is coated in a thin watery layer that contains water and pulmonary surfactant.", "2 also called pulmonary surfactant. one of certain lipoproteins that reduce the surface tension of pulmonary fluids, allowing the exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs and contributing to the elasticity of pulmonary tissue.", "Without normal pulmonary surfactant present, the attractive forces of the water will cause the alveoli to collapse. Pulmonary surfactant is a complex substance in the lungs which reduces the surface tension of water and therefore, prevents the collapse of the alveoli. Surfactant also plays a role in defending the lungs from bacteria and viruses.", ": a surface-active substance; specifically: a surface-active lipoprotein mixture which coats the alveoli and which prevents collapse of the lungs by reducing the surface tension of pulmonary fluids.", "lung surfactant, a detergent-like agent that reduces the surface tension of the liquid film covering the inner lining of the pulmonary alveoli. As an alveolus becomes smaller during expiration, the surfactant becomes more concentrated, further reducing the surface tension and preventing alveolar collapse.", "Surfactant: A fluid secreted by the cells of the alveoli (the tiny air sacs in the lungs) that serves to reduce the surface tension of pulmonary fluids; surfactant contributes to the elastic properties of pulmonary tissue, preventing the alveoli from collapsing." ], "url": [ "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lung+surfactant", "http://www.child-foundation.com/what-is-child/types-of-child/surfactant-deficiency/", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/surfactant", "http://www.child-foundation.com/what-is-child/types-of-child/surfactant-deficiency/", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/surfactant", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lung+surfactant", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10700" ] }

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[ "A demolition order requires you to leave the property within 28 days of receiving the order, and to demolish the property within the next six weeks." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Commercial demolition is the partial or complete dismantlement of commercial properties such as office buildings, shopping malls, hotels and the like. Deconstruction is defined as the labor-intensive demolition of a structure in order to maximize the amount of potentially recyclable materials from the building. It often involved a considerable amount of hand demolition and sort separation in preparation for marketing the structure’s components. Demolition is a complex set of tasks involving structural dismantlement, site clearance, environmental remediation, salvage, recycling, and industrial recovery.", "demolish verb [T] (DESTROY). B2 to ​completely ​destroy a ​building, ​especially in ​order to use the ​land for something ​else: A ​number of ​houses were demolished so that the ​supermarket could be ​built. demolish verb [T] (EAT). › humorous to ​quickly ​eat all the ​food you have been given: Joe demolished an ​enormous ​plateful of ​chicken and ​fries. demolition noun [C or U] uk us /ˌdem.əˈlɪʃ.ən/ › the ​act of ​destroying something such as a ​building: the demolition of ​dangerous ​buildings.", "1 Answer. 0. A demolition order is a legally binding order by a municipal, governmental or judicial authority compelling the owner, the occupant, the builder and/or the municipal or governmental authorities to demolish a structure or building based on the fact that the structure was built without a building permit. ", "1 A demolition order requires you to leave the property within 28 days of receiving the order, and to demolish the property within the next six weeks. 2 You can appeal to the sheriff court within 21 days of receiving the order, if you disagree with the order. Once the council is satisfied that you have successfully brought the property up to standard, it will revoke the closing or demolition order. If the council doesn't approve your plan to improve the home or not use it for living accommodation, it will ask you to proceed with closing or demolishing the property.", "The important points. 1 If a closing order is issued for your home, it means that the property can no longer be used as living accommodation. 2 A demolition order requires you to leave the property within 28 days of receiving the order, and to demolish the property within the next six weeks. Once the council is satisfied that you have successfully brought the property up to standard, it will revoke the closing or demolition order. If the council doesn't approve your plan to improve the home or not use it for living accommodation, it will ask you to proceed with closing or demolishing the property.", "demolish verb [T] (DESTROY). B2 to ​completely ​destroy a ​building, ​especially in ​order to use the ​land for something ​else: A ​number of ​houses were demolished so that the ​supermarket could be ​built. C2 to ​prove that an ​argument or ​theory is ​wrong: He ​completely demolished all her ​arguments. More examples. 1 The ​ building had to be demolished because of ​ subsidence. 2 One by one the ​ old ​ buildings in the ​ city have been demolished and ​ replaced with ​ modern ​ tower ​ blocks. 3 The ​ explosion ​ virtually demolished several ​ nearby ​ houses.", "Demolition orders can only be issued by council. A neighbour who does not like the look of a new extension cannot demand that it be demolished, but they can submit an application to council. If the extension was built without development approval or a building permit, council may then issue a demolition order. In the case above, the house was built in the 1950s.", "If the council is concerned that your home is below the tolerable standard and cannot be brought back up to standard, it can send you a demolition order. A demolition order requires you to leave the property within 28 days of receiving the order, and to demolish the property within the next six weeks. Once the council is satisfied that you have successfully brought the property up to standard, it will revoke the closing or demolition order. If the council doesn't approve your plan to improve the home or not use it for living accommodation, it will ask you to proceed with closing or demolishing the property.", "1 If a closing order is issued for your home, it means that the property can no longer be used as living accommodation. 2 A demolition order requires you to leave the property within 28 days of receiving the order, and to demolish the property within the next six weeks. Once the council is satisfied that you have successfully brought the property up to standard, it will revoke the closing or demolition order. If the council doesn't approve your plan to improve the home or not use it for living accommodation, it will ask you to proceed with closing or demolishing the property.", "Bathroom demolition. Bathroom Renovation is the process of refurbishing your bathroom in order to make it brighter and better. Nowadays, it is important to renovate bathrooms simply because it has gotten old or because you have just moved in recently. " ], "url": [ "http://www.demolitionassociation.com/demolition-faq", "http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/demolish", "http://www.experts123.com/q/what-is-a-demolition-order.html", "http://scotland.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/advice_topics/repairs_and_bad_conditions/repairs_if_you_own_your_home/enforcing_repairs/demolition_and_closing_orders", "http://scotland.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/advice_topics/repairs_and_bad_conditions/repairs_if_you_own_your_home/enforcing_repairs/demolition_and_closing_orders", "http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/demolish", "http://www.homeimprovementpages.com.au/article/what_is_a_demolition_order", "http://scotland.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/advice_topics/repairs_and_bad_conditions/repairs_if_you_own_your_home/enforcing_repairs/demolition_and_closing_orders", "http://scotland.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/advice_topics/repairs_and_bad_conditions/repairs_if_you_own_your_home/enforcing_repairs/demolition_and_closing_orders", "http://peninsulahauling.com/tips-on-bathroom-demolition-and-renovation/946/" ] }

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[ "$30,247" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The median annual wage for medical laboratory technologists was $57,580 in May 2012. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $39,580, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $78,900. The median annual wage for medical laboratory technicians was $37,240 in May 2012. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $24,790, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $57,710. Employment of medical laboratory technologists is projected to grow 14 percent from 2012 to 2022, about as fast as the average for all occupations. Employment of medical laboratory technicians is projected to grow 30 percent from 2012 to 2022, much faster than", "Pay for Biomedical Equipment Technicians in the United States sits in the ballpark of $20.89 per hour. Earnings generally vary between $15.95 per hour and $29.18. Experience level is the biggest factor affecting pay for this group, followed by geography and the particular employer. Job satisfaction for Biomedical Equipment Technicians is high", "Although individuals who have less than five years' experience earn $41K on average, people with five to 10 years benefit from a notably larger average of $48K. After working for 10 to 20 years, Biomedical Equipment Technicians make a median salary of $54K. Earnings generally vary between $15.95 per hour and $29.18. Experience level is the biggest factor affecting pay for this group, followed by geography and the particular employer.", "Medical technologists working for the federal government have the highest median pay at $62,880, while those working in private physician offices earned the lowest median pay of $52,250. Median annual salary for medical laboratory technologists working in hospitals and laboratories is approximately $56,000. Medical Laboratory Technician Salary. The national median medical lab technician salary is $36.280. The medical technician salary of the highest 10% was slightly over $56,000, while the median salary of the lowest 10% was just over $24,000.", "$34,750. The median annual wage for medical equipment repairers was $44,570 in May 2012. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $26,550, and the top 10 percent earned more than $72,080. Employment of medical equipment repairers is projected to grow 30 percent from 2012 to 2022, much faster than the average for all occupations. Employment growth will stem from both greater demand for healthcare services and the increasing types and complexity of the equipment these workers maintain and repair.", "The median expected salary for a medical technician in the United States is about $46,680 per year and an average hourly wage is about $22.44 per hour. The full-time yearly salary for a medical technician in the Canada ranges from between $40,000 CAD- $45,000 CAD and an average hourly wage is about $ 22.19 CAD per hour.", "The highest paid medical technician in Canada receives an average hourly wage of about $27.75 CAD and lowest paid medical technician earns an hourly wage around $17.40 CAD per hour. An average weekly pay for a medical technician in Canada is about $800.90 per week. The full-time yearly salary for a medical technician in the Canada ranges from between $40,000 CAD- $45,000 CAD and an average hourly wage is about $ 22.19 CAD per hour.", "Chicago is home to an above-average pay rate for Biomedical Equipment Technicians, 21 percent higher than the national average. Biomedical Equipment Technicians can also look forward to large paychecks in cities like San Diego (+19 percent), Los Angeles (+18 percent), New York (+16 percent), and Seattle (+12 percent). Earnings generally vary between $15.95 per hour and $29.18. Experience level is the biggest factor affecting pay for this group, followed by geography and the particular employer.", "According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, medical technicians received an average yearly salary of about $30,247 while an average hourly wage is around $18.84 per hour. The median hourly wage for a medical technician ranges from between out $18.94 to $21.62. medical technician salary. The full-time yearly salary for a medical technician in the Canada ranges from between $40,000 CAD- $45,000 CAD and an average hourly wage is about $ 22.19 CAD per hour." ], "url": [ "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Healthcare/Medical-and-clinical-laboratory-technologists-and-technicians.htm", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Biomedical_Equipment_Technician_(BMET)/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Biomedical_Equipment_Technician_(BMET)/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.exploremedicalcareers.com/medical-technologist-technician/", "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Installation-Maintenance-and-Repair/Medical-equipment-repairers.htm", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/technicians/medical-technician-salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/technicians/medical-technician-salary", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Biomedical_Equipment_Technician_(BMET)/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/technicians/medical-technician-salary" ] }

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