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https://ocairshow.com/f-35-joint-strike-fighter/
| 2019-05-27T03:34:34 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232260658.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20190527025527-20190527051527-00415.warc.gz
| 0.930476 | 713 |
CC-MAIN-2019-22
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__123677057
|
en
|
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter
The OC Air Show will be 1 of only 8 air shows in 2018 to feature a flight performance of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter. The F-35 will fly together with the P-51 Mustang in a Heritage Flight showcasing the past and future of Air Force technology. The 2018 performance will also include added solo maneuvers... View Article
The OC Air Show will be 1 of only 8 air shows in 2018 to feature a flight performance of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter. The F-35 will fly together with the P-51 Mustang in a Heritage Flight showcasing the past and future of Air Force technology. The 2018 performance will also include added solo maneuvers by the F-35.
Purchase Now and Save 25% off the day-of-event price!
The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, also known as the Lightning II, is single-seat, single-engine, all-weather stealth fighter undergoing final development and testing by the U.S. Department of Defense. The fifth generation combat aircraft is designed to perform ground attack, aerial intelligence and air defense missions. The F-35 has three main models: the F-35A conventional takeoff and landing version that will be used by the Air Force, the F-35B short take-off and vertical-landing (STOVL) version that will be used by the Marine Corps, and the F-35C carrier-based version that will be used by the Navy.
The F-35 Heritage flight will begin with a pass-in-review coming from behind show right, the best opportunity for a photo of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter as the two aircraft cross in front of Show Center. The F-35 Heritage Flight will then set up for a second pass flying down the water line coming from show left. The third and final pass will come from behind the crowd with the F-35 and P-51 performing a separation maneuver to create separation between the aircraft followed a few seconds later by a single simultaneous aileron roll by both aircraft. During the flypasts there is a musical accompaniment played through the public address system. The music that is normally played is “We Remember” by Dwayne O’Brian. After the roll maneuver each of the aircraft will then enter the airfield traffic pattern, typically performing an individual pass before the crowd and then “pitching out” into an approach pattern and landing.
The U.S. Air Force Heritage Flight program presents the evolution of USAF air power by flying today’s state-of-the-art fighter aircraft in close formation with vintage fighter aircraft. t was created in 1997 to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the United States Air Force. It incorporates fighters from World War II, the Vietnam War, the Korean War and other conflicts in which the USAF has been involved. There will only be 10 air shows in the nation in 2016 to feature an F-35 Lighting II Joint Strike Fighter in a Heritage Flight.
An Air Force Heritage Flight performance involves a current USAF fighter with an Air Combat Command trained military Heritage Flight pilot and flown with a historical warbird piloted by a trained and certified civilian Heritage Flight pilot. The Air Force Heritage Flight formations of modern fighters flying with World War II, Korean, and Vietnam era fighters such as the P-51 Mustang and F-86 Sabre, dramatically display our U.S. Air Force air power history and proudly support our Air Force’s recruiting and retention efforts.
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aerospace
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https://www.ibtimes.com.ph/
| 2023-05-31T03:20:35 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646257.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20230531022541-20230531052541-00610.warc.gz
| 0.957205 | 107 |
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__134843151
|
en
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North Korean Satellite Plunges Into Sea After Rocket Failure
The new "Chollima-1" satellite launch rocket failed because of instability in the engine and fuel system, state news agency KCNA reported. The flight was the nuclear-armed state's sixth satellite launch attempt, and the first since 2016. It was supposed to put North Korea's first spy satellite in orbit. South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff said on Wednesday the military was conducting a salvage operation to recover what is believed to be parts of the space launch vehicle.
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aerospace
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https://www.jetcollector.com/air-force-one-vc25a-withstand-and-key-chain-28000-1200-scale-inflight-ifvc25a0222p.html
| 2022-05-27T18:02:40 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662675072.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220527174336-20220527204336-00509.warc.gz
| 0.770717 | 234 |
CC-MAIN-2022-21
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__181370858
|
en
|
Thumbnail Filmstrip of Air Force One VC25A with/stand and key chain 28000 1:200 Scale Inflight IFVC25A0222P Images
Inflight Air Force One VC25A with/stand and key chain 28000
Over the last two years, these aircraft - which are affectionately known as Air Force One - have been going through some upgrades. With these significant visual upgrades there was a need for these two models to once again be released.
|ETA:||Pre-Order Future Release|
|Aircraft Name:||Boeing VC-25A|
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aerospace
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https://www.knowledgesuttra.com/blog/another-spacecraftspace-x-dragon-version-2/
| 2019-06-17T15:12:58 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627998509.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20190617143050-20190617164643-00003.warc.gz
| 0.937801 | 322 |
CC-MAIN-2019-26
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__117210340
|
en
|
Hello everyone welcome to KnowledgeSuttra. Friend’s today we are going to discuss about about the new spacecraft which NASA plans to use for international space station flights Name as Boeing CST-100 Starliner or Space-X’s Dragon version 2.
The second form of the SpaceX Dragon shuttle, which will be a human-appraised vehicle. It incorporates an arrangement of four side-mounted thruster cases with two SuperDraco engines each, which can fill in as a dispatch escape framework or launch abort system (LAS). What’s more, it has significantly bigger windows, new flight PCs and flying, and overhauled sun powered exhibits, and an adjusted external shape line from the underlying payload Dragon that has been flying for quite a long while.
The spacecraft is of type crewed capsule. Life of spacecraft is 1 week free flight and 2 year docked. Payload capacity of spacecraft is 3,310 kg to ISS 2,500 kg return cargo. The diameter of spacecraft is 12 ft (3.7 m), height of spacecraft is 27 ft (8.1 m).
The rocket was uncovered on May 29, 2014, amid a press occasion at SpaceX central station in Hawthorne, California. Designed to ferry space travelers to space, the container varies impressively from the freight conveying Dragon, which has been operational since 2010. As of June 2018, the rocket is required to lead a mechanized test mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on September 16, 2018, and to convey its first group on an exhibit trip on January 17, 2019.
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aerospace
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https://updatednews.com/nasa-moon-rocket-faces-more-flight-delays-as-repairs-mount/
| 2022-05-22T04:29:03 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662543797.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220522032543-20220522062543-00722.warc.gz
| 0.883934 | 548 |
CC-MAIN-2022-21
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__166915058
|
en
|
CAPE CANAVERAL, FLA. — The flight debut of NASA’s mega moon rocket faces additional delays following a string of failed fueling tests.
Officials said Monday it will be challenging to meet a launch window in early to mid-June. The next opportunity to send an empty capsule to the moon on a test flight would be at the end of June or July.
The 30-story Space Launch System rocket has been on the pad at Kennedy Space Center for the past month. It will return to the hangar next week for valve and fuel leak repairs. The problems cropped up earlier this month, preventing NASA from filling the rocket’s fuel tanks for a critical dress rehearsal.
The rocket will likely spend weeks in the hangar before heading back to the pad for a testing redo, said launch director Charlie Blackwell-Thompson.
Managers are considering various options for getting back on track.
“It’s just a matter of what’s the right time, what’s the right way to do that,” said Tom Whitmeyer, a NASA deputy associate administrator.
NASA wants this test flight under its belt before putting astronauts on board for the second launch, a lunar flyaround targeted for 2024. The third mission would attempt to land astronauts on the moon around 2025, more than a half-century after NASA’s Apollo moonshots,
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aerospace
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https://www.cmh17.org/RESOURCES/Education
| 2024-03-01T11:22:37 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475238.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301093751-20240301123751-00642.warc.gz
| 0.914139 | 726 |
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__3118433
|
en
|
The following tutorials are typically offered at CMH-17 Coordination meetings. For more information, please contact [email protected]
The Composite Materials Handbook provides world-class engineering information, including databases, standards and guidelines for structural applications of composite materials. Its primary purpose is the standardization of engineering information for current and emerging composite materials. The Handbook therefore constitutes an overview of the field of composites engineering and technology in an area which is advancing and changing rapidly.
In support of this objective, the handbook includes methodology for performing a number of engineering processes associated with the design, manufacture and continued operational safety of composite materials. These processes use rigorous statistical data requirements to confirm acceptability. These statistical procedures are sometimes intricate and confusing to individuals that are not familiar with them.
In order to provide clarity to these procedures, a six (6) hour tutorial session will be presented as part of the next CMH-17 meeting.
This tutorial is a comprehensive treatment of the CMH-17 methods for statistical analysis and their importance to proper development of design information. Students will participate in an interactive session on the CMH-17 statistical methods, including practical example problems.
Students need to bring a laptop computer with EXCEL to participate in the interactive sessions as they will be focused on using the specialized software available: CMH17 STAT and HYTEQ.
The Composite Materials Handbook provides world-class engineering information, including databases, standards and guidelines for structural applications of composite materials. Its primary purpose is the standardization of engineering information for current and emerging composite materials. The Handbook, therefore, constitutes an overview of the field of composites engineering and technology in an area which is advancing and changing rapidly.
A six-hour tutorial session will be presented as part of the next CMH-17 meeting emphasizing Volume 3, Chapter 3. This chapter is being developed to provide general information on the regulatory and technical issues that need to be addressed when showing compliance with certification requirements relating to composite aircraft structure. To achieve aviation safety, certifying agencies require certification of design, production, maintenance and operation at different stages in the aircraft program development. Certifications of design and production are to ensure the initial airworthiness of the aircraft. The compliance with maintenance requirements is necessary to ensure the continued airworthiness of the aircraft.
The tutorial provides an overview of the subjects of certification, regulations, design substantiation, and essentials of production and maintenance delivered by subject experts, with an emphasis on structural substantiation. The linkage among design, production, and maintenance functions in the context of unique material properties of composite materials has long been recognized as a critical part of safe and efficient certification. Developing an awareness of regulations and their role is another essential understanding for practitioners engaged in certifying aircraft.
The tutorial begins with general certification topics related to product development, continued airworthiness, product modification, and the need for a qualified workforce working in a team environment. This discussion is followed by a summary of regulations associated with attaining production approval, structural design and maintenance and repair. Two other segments of the tutorial include production and maintenance, addressing important topics such as production substantiation and implementation, quality control, and defect disposition requirements. The importance of various aspects of maintenance in order to maintain the same performance requirements as the base aircraft structure is presented.
The subject of design substantiation will comprise a major segment of the tutorial. Design substantiation covers many discussion points, including, for example, survivability, the importance of achieving repeatable results, and lightening protection requirements. A major focus area will be structural substantiation.
|
aerospace
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http://www.lomography.com/magazine/160075-today-in-history-john-glenn-orbits-the-earth-1962
| 2015-11-29T14:10:58 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398458511.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205418-00305-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.96027 | 620 |
CC-MAIN-2015-48
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-48__0__126892288
|
en
|
On this day, 50 years ago, John Hershel Glenn Jr. became the first American astronaut to perform an orbital flight around the Earth. Read about this milestone in space travel after the jump!
The 1960’s was marked by a new political and military tension after the end of World War II. The Cold War, as it became known, set the capitalist United States in conflict against the communist Soviet Union. By the late 1950’s, these two powerful and influential nations would find another arena for their strife: the space.
And so, the so-called space race commenced. The Soviets, much to the unpleasant surprise of most Americans, kicked it off by launching the world’s first artificial satellite and man-made object called Sputnik (Russian word for “traveler”) into the Earth’s orbit in 1957. Four years later, cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space, and was able to make a full orbit before his return to Earth. American astronaut Alan Shepard Jr. was launched into space in less than a month after Gagarin, but had only done a 15-minute suborbital flight.
Come August 1961, after Russia sent another of its cosmonauts to space to spend more than 25 hours and make 17 orbits, the United States felt the pressure of appearing second-rate compared to its Soviet rival. Finally, on February 20, 1962, the United States sent John Hershel Glenn Jr. to space, who lifted off from the Cape Canaveral launch pad at 9:47 a.m. Manually maneuvering the bell-shaped Friendship 7 after the automatic control system malfunctioned at the last leg of the first orbit ended, Glenn was able to orbit around the earth two more times. His space mission lasted nearly five hours before the spacecraft splashed down into the Atlantic Ocean.
Let’s take a look back at John Glenn’s legacy in these significant photographs:
"Love your camera" is Marika's first rule when it comes to shooting film. Her passion for collecting gear stemmed from a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity of testing a variety of film cameras for her friend's shop. Let's all welcome our newcomer of the week from Prague, Czech Republic, analogvision!
Check out these snapshots from the community, taken with various cameras equipped with the Diana Flash. While you're at it, find out how you can earn piggies and have your own photos be featured on the Online Shop!
Abandoned locations are often surrounded by an air of mystery and beauty that beckons the adventurous ones to venture into them and have a look around. A few years ago, hodachrome and his friends had the opportunity to visit one such facility in Fukushima.
In partnership with Leuchtturm1917, we were on the hunt for the most colorful pictures in your LomoHomes. You accepted our challenge and submitted more than one thousand brightly colored photos! The time has come to choose the winners.
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aerospace
|
http://fullonfear.com/wiki/Altitude_(2010)
| 2019-08-21T17:50:06 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027316150.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20190821174152-20190821200152-00415.warc.gz
| 0.899161 | 107 |
CC-MAIN-2019-35
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__239122424
|
en
|
When five young people charter a small plane the combination of a drunken arsehole, mechanical failure and a freak storm make this a seriously bad flight - even without the flying monster. Altitude is nicely done with some good performances, moments of high tension and interesting changes of direction. Unfortunately in the last couple of minutes the story veers away from a dramatically satisfying resolution to a disappointing happy ending.
What To Watch Next
If you enjoyed Altitude then the Full On Fear recommendation engine suggests that you might like to try these movies:
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aerospace
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http://www.cassidian.com/web/guest/unmanned-air-systems5
| 2013-05-20T15:15:42 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699056351/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101056-00096-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.796321 | 166 |
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__131926808
|
en
|
Unmanned Air System
Unmanned Air Systems UAS and UAV solutions from Cassidian are suitable for airborne intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance missions. Solutions include Harfang MALE UAS, Eurohawk HALE UAS, and Barracuda multi-sensor system.
Military and civil organisations alike can find a suitable UAS from the complete portfolio:
Tracker: Fit, lightweight and reliable, hand-launched mini-UAS.
Atlante: Long-endurance tactical UAS, independent from terrain conditions.
Barracuda: A multi-sensor, fast UAS.
Harfang MALE UAS with secure data transmission.
European UAS: MALE UAS developed completely in Europe.
Eurohawk HALE UAS equipped for SIGINT missions.
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aerospace
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https://www.slideserve.com/DavidPflieger/dave-pflieger-b-52-presentation
| 2022-07-01T20:08:44 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103945490.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220701185955-20220701215955-00261.warc.gz
| 0.952035 | 593 |
CC-MAIN-2022-27
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__173247336
|
en
|
Facts After finding the coefficients of lift and drag I was finally able to calculate the glide ratio. The success of the B-2 was proved in Operation Allied Force, where it was responsible for destroying 33 percent of all Serbian targets in the first eight weeks, by flying nonstop to Kosovo from its home base in Missouri and back.. Many aspects of the low-observability process remain classified; however, the B-2's composite materials, special coatings and flying-wing design all contribute to its "stealthiness. At crusing speed, the engines exert 200kN of force. , are key members of the aircraft contractor team. The B-2's low observability is derived from a combination of reduced infrared, acoustic, electromagnetic, visual and radar signatures. The B-2 brings massive firepower to bear, in a short time, anywhere on the globe through previously impenetrable defenses.
How to Control You have to be familiar with the aircraft to control perfectly. On the wings there are flaps that if you press a certain button, the flaps will go down to go up, up to go down and 1 up and 1 down to go side ways. There are also flaps on the tail fin.
First Animation Air moves toward the wing
Second Animation Low Pressure is faster than high pressure The slower the air the more pressure you will get in it
Description The force needed to keep an airplane in the air is called ‘Lift’. Lift is produced by forcing air to flow over the wings. The construction of the wings is such that the air flowing over the top surface has to travel further, and it therefore travels faster, than the air under the wing. This causes the pressure of the air on the top of the wing to be lower, and so effectively the wing is sucked up by this lower pressure, and flies. Lift is produced independently of power from the engine. The engine produces ‘Thrust’, which gets the aircraft moving along the runway, so that air flows over the wings. Thrust also overcomes ‘Drag’, which is the force which tries to oppose the motion of the bomber through the air. The presence of the airplane – or any other object – causes friction; and this is a type of drag. The other force involved is ’Weight’, and the weight of the airplane determines how much lift is required to get it into the air. As long as there is enough lift to overcome the aircraft’s weight, and enough thrust from the engine to overcome the drag, then the plane will fly. Even if the engine stops, if the bomber is allowed to descend in a glide, the air over the wings will generate enough lift to keep it airborne, while the pilot prepares for a landing. http://aerospaceplanes.suite101.com/article.cfm/how_do_airplanes_flyreference
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aerospace
|
https://www.evasivemotorsports.com/store/product/apr-performance-carbon-fiber-gt-1000-71-inch-adjustable-wing-universal/
| 2023-12-01T13:12:56 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100287.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201120231-20231201150231-00842.warc.gz
| 0.899284 | 467 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__19496837
|
en
|
Representing the latest in ground-breaking aerodynamic performance, the GT-1000 includes these special features:
- 71" span, 10" chord (main foil), 4" chord (secondary foil)
- Ultra-high downforce, up to 1650 pound force (lbf) of downforce (at 160 MPH)
- Angle-of-Attack (AoA) adjustment from 10 to 52 degrees (relative to ground plane) on the secondary airfoil, with no stall at 52 degrees
- Side plate dimensions of 17.1" (width) x 9.39" (height)
- 6061 billet aluminum brackets
Chassis mounting is required. Do not mount the GT-1000 wing assembly to a vehicle trunk lid --- the downforce levels can easily deform and damage even factory OEM steel trunk lids and create hazardous conditions. Pedestals are not available for the GT-1000. All customers will be required to fabricate their own, chassis-mount pedestals for their specific applications.
Setup guidelines:Although the upper brackets (the ones that are permanently attached to the bottom of the main airfoil) have a multitude of mounting holes, the main airfoil is intended to be installed and fixed at exactly one position. For proper installation, the side plates (aka "end plates") are to be at exactly 0 degrees AoA relative to the ground plane. The main airfoil ends up being fixed at just under 5 degrees AoA relative to the ground plane. All on-track adjustments for more/less downforce are to be performed on the secondary airfoil only. These guideline will apply for all applications, regardless of vehicle model/shape/size. Following these guidelines will ensure optimal performance of the GT-1000 wing assembly.
Warning:User assumes full responsibility for ensuring proper installation as intended. Professional installation by well-qualified personnel is highly recommended. The vehicle applications shown above are intended to work as a complete system when installed. To insure proper function and reliability, APR advises against modification or substitution of any component of the intended installation. Any modification or substitution of the airfoil, side plates, pedestals, mounting bases, mounting brackets, or hardware included with the wing kit may create unsafe operating conditions and ultimately cause this system to fail.
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aerospace
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https://danumbers.substack.com/p/nasa-needs-a-bigger-budget-to-go?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share
| 2024-04-21T06:03:50 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817729.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421040323-20240421070323-00286.warc.gz
| 0.943485 | 1,476 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__5827459
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en
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Is NASA's budget too small for a Moon program?
Data from The Planetary Society suggest that the space agency could be underfunded for its objectives
For this edition, DaNumbers explores an under-reported issue (at least on this side of the Atlantic Ocean): the costs of the American Space Program. Using data from The Planetary Society, I tried to figure out the problem with NASA after two failed launch attempts of the Artemis I mission. The problem, data suggest, could be easier to solve than it looks: it is, simply, money.
BRUSSELS -- NASA failed to launch the Artemis I mission twice. Despite the efforts of Kennedy Space Center’s crews, the 111-meter-tall SLS rocket didn’t leave the launchpad because of technical glitches. Although the issues of the Artemis program were broadly discussed in the press, the real problem NASA is facing is not just a U.S. Congress-designed program but, more importantly, a chronic budget deficit that forces the American space agency to operate many different programs without focus on a specific policy item. Looking at budget data, one argues if NASA and the U.S. government are serious about going back to the Moon in the first place.
Although NASA does not publish its financial statements in an open format, The Planetary Society offers a handy Google Sheet-based dataset that allows multi-year comparisons and inflation-adjusted estimations of how much NASA costs. One good metric to understand the relevance of NASA over time is how much of the federal budget goes to the space agency. How relevant is NASA? The following chart answers.
The above chart shows the share of federal spending by NASA, with annotations about significant events in the U.S. manned space program. The chart already tells some uncomfortable truths. The first is that, in the ‘60s, the budget of NASA was 4 percent of the Federal spending, whereas, in 2021, it was only 0.3 percent.
The impact of disasters like the Challenger or Columbia is debatable. On the one hand, it looks like the 1986 disaster put the space program higher on the agenda. After the Columbia disaster, though, space lost relevance in the U.S. budget, starting a declining trend partially reversed only in 2021. This chart offers no information about what this decline means for NASA. The following will explain the point better.
Here we see how much the NASA budget changed every year. The chart shows how much momentum NASA gained in the ‘60s, with a lack of enthusiasm at the beginning of the following decade. Despite a new, theoretically exciting program, Skylab, NASA failed to grow its budget significantly, and, after the inception of the Space Shuttle program, the NASA overall budget remained constant in 2021 U.S. dollars terms.
Positive variations are evident in 1987, one year after the Challenger fell into pieces at launch. The NASA budget shrunk immediately afterward, though. The 2003 Columbia disaster failed to ignite a wave of interest in the fate of the U.S. space program. George W. Bush announced the Constellation program in 2005. The following administrations failed to launch any crewed deep space missions. Slight budgetary increases were posted right after SpaceX's first commercial crew flight to the ISS.
The question that arises from the data is how serious the U.S. is about getting back to the Moon. Data, so far, say that the agency was the hostage of what the U.S. Congress gave it in the budget. This is highlighted because NASA rarely gets more funding than the White House requests. As the following chart shows, this is so rare that it did not happen, even during the Apollo hey-days.
Once more, data show how important was the Challenger disaster of 1986. In 1987 NASA got 35.6 percent more than the White House asked for. There are plus signs scattered over the last two decades, between 3 and 9 percent of the demand. The years when the commercial services started transporting astronauts and goods to the International Space Station saw the U.S. Congress giving slightly more money than requested. In 2021 and 2022, COVID-19 and other priorities distracted money from space. In 1959, NASA received 22.4 percent less than it requested.
The data do not always offer a grim picture. One of the possible interpretations of the data is that Looking at this data is that the American civilian space agency and lawmakers found a modus vivendi with unwritten rules and predictable outcomes. What does it mean? The following chart will answer.
In 1959, in 2021 U.S. dollars, the NASA appropriation was 58.7 billion. The following year it was 58.4. After, it did not move beyond the 20-30 billion range after 1990. In particular, the NASA budgets following 1990 speak of an established federal agency that knows more or less how much money it needs to work and, more importantly, what D.C. can give in return.
The comparison with the Apollo program is excruciating. In 1969, the year of the Moon landing, in 2020 U.S. dollars, the expenses for the Apollo program were 34.1 billion dollars. How does that compare to the current situation? The following chart explains.
Here DaNumbers shows the NASA major programs as aggregated by the Planetary Society. Data show that NASA, for 2022, appropriated 7.6 billion for the Science Missions Directorate. For deep-space human flight 6.8. The chart also shows that Low-Earth orbit operations still have a firm place in the money NASA appropriates at around 4 billion. The appropriation for human exploration is growing as LEO operations decline.
Data suggest that NASA is a delicate ecosystem where the budget has to be stable and where different programs compete for funding against each other. Science saw its appropriation increase in the last decade, whereas human spaceflight-related activities seemed stable in their overall budget. Is it the case? The following chart will give more hints on that.
Here, DaNumbers calculated the share of the money that goes for the extensive seven programs as identified by The Planetary Society since 2008. Here we see that NASA became a Swiss Army knife for civilian space exploration without much clarity on the mission it must run. For example, science constantly occupies almost one-third of the NASA allocation.
The chart also represents a grim reality regarding human spaceflight. Although the numbers support the notion that NASA is spending around 45 percent of its allocation on human spaceflight, it looks that the LEO and deep space programs are pitted against one another. Even assuming that NASA will leave Low Earth Orbit to commercial operators, the fact that LEO missions still represent 17 percent of the budget might show that the Moon is not the number one priority for the U.S. space program.
NASA and the American space policymakers are at a crossroads now: they can decide to be serious about their Moon program and unleash investments or risk lagging behind the competition. It is no longer technology, human capital, or testing problem: it is more about the political will to send people on the Moon again and give NASA the money it needs. Otherwise, the U.S. space program will be only a mockery of what it was more than 60 years ago.
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aerospace
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https://www.iitb.ac.in/en/breaking-news/%E2%80%98pratham%E2%80%99-satellite-developed-iit-b-students-to-be-launched-isro-next-month
| 2023-02-02T21:55:05 |
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| 0.928913 | 271 |
CC-MAIN-2023-06
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__160271979
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en
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Pratham, a microsatellite developed by IIT Bombay will be launched by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota on 26th September.
After a wait of nine years, the satellite will finally be launched with ISRO’s main satellite ScatSat and few other satellites on board a four-stage Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).
The brain child of two IIT-B students, Pratham weighs 10 kg and it will be placed at an altitude of 720 km. With mission duration of four months, the main function of the satellite will be to measure the electron count of the ionosphere, which can be used for tsunami alerts and also to increase the accuracy of Global Positioning System in India. Many communication errors can be corrected with the help of counting electrons. The total cost of the project is about Rs. 1.5 crore.
The IIT-B student satellite programme was initiated in 2007, after a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between the institute and ISRO. The satellite missed the launch in 2012 because of several reasons like lack of manpower, technical faults, administrative delays, etc.
Currently, Pratham is in the clean room of ISRO Satellite Centre in Bengaluru and the exact launch date is yet to be finalised.
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aerospace
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http://medical-site.info/physics/basic-aerodynamics-pdf-3511.php
| 2020-01-22T02:47:02 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250606269.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20200122012204-20200122041204-00529.warc.gz
| 0.824351 | 239 |
CC-MAIN-2020-05
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__225192378
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en
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Category B1/B2 according Part Appendix 1. Module 8 Basic Aerodynamics. Issue 1. Effective date FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY. Page 1 of . Section 6 Basic aerodynamics General airfoil theory When an airfoil is located in an airstream, the flow divides at the leading edge, the stagna. BASIC AERODYNAMICS. Subcourse Number AL EDITION B. US Army Aviation Logistics School. Fort Eustis, Virginia 2 Credit Hours.
|Language:||English, Spanish, Indonesian|
|Genre:||Politics & Laws|
|Distribution:||Free* [*Register to download]|
aerodynamics. He understood the basic forces acting on a wing and built a glider with a wing and a tail unit which flew successfully. He realized the importance. BASIC AERODYNAMICS. The forces that affect a parachute are invisible, but not incomprehensible. Learn what makes a parachute fly well and you will know. The basic concept of lift is simple. However, the details of how the relative movement of air and airfoil interact to produce the turning action that generates lift are.
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aerospace
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https://filmreviewonline.com/2011/07/03/apollo-18-trailer-image-gallery-and-release-dates/
| 2021-02-24T18:23:05 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178347293.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20210224165708-20210224195708-00045.warc.gz
| 0.922231 | 223 |
CC-MAIN-2021-10
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__102782895
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en
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This Sci-Fi Horror Apollo 18 features decades-old found footage from NASA’s apparently abandoned Apollo 18 mission.
Two American astronauts were sent on a secret expedition and this reveals the reason the US has never returned to the moon!
Spanish director Gonzalo Lopez-Gallego helms this low budget but intriguing horror.
It’s theatrical release is due in September 2011.
Apollo 18 Trailer
Apollo 18 Official Information
Officially, Apollo 17, launched December 17th, 1972 was the last manned mission to the moon. But in December of 1974, two American astronauts were sent on a secret mission to the moon funded by the US Department of Defense.
What you are about to see is the actual footage which the astronauts captured on that mission. While NASA denies its authenticity, others say it’s the real reason we’ve never gone back to the moon.
Directed by Gonzalo Lopez-Gallego. Written by Brian Miller.
US and Canada release September 2, 2011
UK release September 2, 2011
Australia January 12, 2012
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aerospace
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https://support.skydio.com/hc/en-us/articles/360036117254-How-does-Skydio-2-2-use-GPS
| 2024-04-15T02:25:52 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816939.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415014252-20240415044252-00841.warc.gz
| 0.89125 | 615 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__174981825
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en
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Skydio 2/2+ has built-in GPS, which enhances the autonomous flight experience with features that enable it to follow a Beacon or go to a point on a map within the Skydio app. Below are some details about the GPS capabilities of your Skydio 2/2+ drone.
Acquire GPS lock
After launching, fly a few meters in a lateral motion (forward, backward, left, or right) to acquire a GPS lock. This is a critical step that must be taken if you are going to fly your drone over water.
[warning] Failure to acquire a GPS lock prior to flight over water may result in erratic flight and/or emergency landing. A minimum of 20 satellites is required when flying over water. [/warning]
How to confirm you have a GPS lock: If your drone can ascend beyond 33 ft (10 m) above ground when outdoors you have a GPS lock.
You can monitor the strength of the signal connection and GPS quality. Select the Connection Status icon to display the connected drone status, signal strength, GPS quality, and satellite count.
0 connected satellites
7 or fewer connected satellites
8-12 connected satellites
Good GPS (recommended)
13 or more connected satellites
Last-known GPS location
At any time during a flight (either following a subject or flying manually), you can easily return Skydio 2/2+ to the last known GPS location of your phone or Home Point (set using the map).
Not only is this a handy way to quickly return Skydio 2/2+ to your location, but it can be helpful if you’ve lost line of sight with Skydio 2/2+, or if it has lost you while tracking.
|The GPS accuracy of many phones can vary from model to model, so Skydio may return to a location slightly offset from your own.
|If you initiate a return to your phone and keep moving, Skydio continues to update the GPS location until it reaches your general location.
Skydio requires a good GPS connection to fly greater than 33 ft (10 m) above the Launch Point.
The Skydio Beacon accessory extends the operational range of Skydio, greatly enhances the GPS accuracy, and adds GPS tracking abilities to Skydio. This allows Skydio to continue following even when it loses visual sight of you, and smoothly reacquire you visually when it can. See our related articles for more info on Beacon.
GPS signal is independent of cellular data plans. Although the Skydio app does require location services to be ON while flying, you can still fly Skydio if you have no cellular data active on your device.
Check out our specs page for further details.
Skydio, Inc. A0167
Was this article helpful?
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aerospace
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https://odessa-journal.com/odessa-and-london-will-be-connected-for-the-first-time-by-a-direct-flight/
| 2022-07-06T10:14:22 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104669950.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220706090857-20220706120857-00001.warc.gz
| 0.953495 | 243 |
CC-MAIN-2022-27
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__109823823
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en
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Wizz Air will open 26 new flights from Ukrainian cities. The Hungarian airline is going to deploy seven more aircrafts in Ukraine. Thus, their number will grow to 11 liners.
Among the new routes, Wizz Air has announced a direct flight between Odessa and London, starting from March 27, 2022. It will be the first flight to the Odessa airport from the UK capital. Flights will be operated twice a week on Thursdays and Sundays.
Five new aircraft will be deployed in Kyiv (in addition to the three already based in the capital), two more aircraft will receive a base in Lviv (in addition to one plane).
Wizz Air also plans in 2021-2022 to open 12 new directions from Kyiv, nine from Lviv, three from Odessa, and two from Kharkov.
In addition, Wizz Air will have four new countries on the map of flights with Ukraine – Spain, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
In total, the airline plans to serve 117 destinations from Ukraine to 22 countries of the world.
The airline Wizz Air will start operating flights from Kyiv to Hungarian Debrecen on December 15.
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aerospace
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https://sites.google.com/a/lunenburgschools.net/google-earth-maps/
| 2017-03-30T19:54:33 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218199514.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212959-00366-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.869156 | 80 |
CC-MAIN-2017-13
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__15912405
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en
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Download Google Earth
Google Earth lets you fly anywhere on Earth to view satellite imagery, maps, terrain, 3D buildings, the ocean and even galaxies in outer space. Explore rich
geographical content, save your toured places, and share with others.
New Features in Google Earth 6 include the ability to zoom from outer space to street view and view 3D buildings and trees (where available)
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aerospace
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https://ms.caltech.edu/people/ravichan
| 2021-05-12T05:02:13 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991252.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20210512035557-20210512065557-00409.warc.gz
| 0.809843 | 312 |
CC-MAIN-2021-21
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__26988975
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en
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Guruswami (Ravi) Ravichandran
John E. Goode, Jr., Professor of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering; Otis Booth Leadership Chair, Division of Engineering and Applied Science
Degrees and Appointments
B.E., University of Madras (Regional Engineering College), 1981; Sc.M. (Solid Mechanics and Structures), Brown University, 1983; Sc.M. (Applied Mathematics), 1984; Ph.D., 1987; D.h.c., Paul Verlaine University. Assistant Professor, Caltech, 1990-95; Associate Professor, 1995-99; Professor, 1999-2005; Goode Professor, 2005-; Associate Director, 2008-09; Director, Graduate Aerospace Laboratories, 2009-15; Division Chair, 2015-; Otis Booth Leadership Chair, 2015-.
Assistant(s)Research Group Website
Prof. Ravichandran focuses on the mechanics of materials including active materials and structures (ferroelectrics, shape memory alloys, MEMS), biomaterials, cell mechanics, composite materials, fracture and adhesion mechanics, and dynamic deformation and failure behavior of solids.
List of Research Areas
Deformation and failure of materials, dynamic behavior, wave propagation, micro/nano mechanics, composites, active materials, biomaterials and cell mechanics, experimental mechanics
MS News about Guruswami (Ravi) Ravichandran
Read more news about Guruswami (Ravi) Ravichandran »
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aerospace
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https://istory.world.edu/2021/05/24/airbus-looking-for-sales-success-with-new-aircraft-wings/
| 2021-06-18T17:31:46 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487640324.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20210618165643-20210618195643-00460.warc.gz
| 0.937963 | 225 |
CC-MAIN-2021-25
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__166418572
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en
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The European aircraft manufacturer Airbus wants to develop a new type of wing. The new wing is cheaper and easier to manufacture.
The aircraft maker expects the lightweight composite wing to be another sales success.
More than a decade ago, Airbus added more fuel-efficient engines to its A320 aircraft family, boosting demand for this already best-selling model. The new wing will be deployed on an upgraded version of the same A320 series, making these single-aisle jets even more efficient, said project leader Sue Partridge.
Airbus has made some upgrades over the years, including adding wingtips that reduce aerodynamic vortex, but otherwise, the wing has mainly remained the same since the A320’s introduction in the late 1980s.
The future wing will be longer and thinner to improve aerodynamic performance and fuel efficiency. Production will also be simplified through automation and new manufacturing techniques, says Partridge.
The Airbus wing project will be completed in 2023. The next step is to hone the technology for a final product launch, where planning depends on the complexity of the aircraft design, Partridge said.
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aerospace
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http://teacher.scholastic.com/commclub/president_activity1/page-3.htm
| 2017-03-23T18:11:52 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218187193.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212947-00588-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.968499 | 56 |
CC-MAIN-2017-13
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__313226640
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en
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What Does the President Do?
See All Books
He flies on his own plane. It is called Air Force One. It has places for the president to work, eat, and sleep.
Click on the image to see full size.
magazine. Learn more.
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aerospace
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https://www.wilx.com/2021/09/15/live-first-all-civilian-flight-into-space/
| 2021-09-25T20:34:04 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057775.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20210925202717-20210925232717-00489.warc.gz
| 0.894786 | 128 |
CC-MAIN-2021-39
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__62856453
|
en
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First all-civilian flight into space a success
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fl. (WILX) - A private spacecraft carrying four Americans known as the “Inspiration4” is launched into space from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
The flight represented the first mission to space without any professional astronauts onboard. The all-civilian crew rode aboard a SpaceX rocket and capsule and will orbit the Earth for days before re-entering the atmosphere.
Copyright 2021 WILX. All rights reserved.
Subscribe to our News 10 newsletter and receive the latest local news and weather straight to your email every morning.
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aerospace
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https://orbital.co.ke/facts-about-the-international-space-station/
| 2023-12-07T14:27:46 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100674.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20231207121942-20231207151942-00371.warc.gz
| 0.875721 | 442 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__62478424
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en
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The International Space Station (ISS) is spacecraft capable of supporting a human crew in a low orbit for an long period of time, hence a type of space habitat. This project involves five global space agencies from 15 countries i.e. United States’ NASA, Russia’s Roscosmos, Japan’s JAXA, Europe’s ESA, and Canada’s CSA.
According to NASA, here are some thrilling facts about the International Space Station:
- The space station has been continuously occupied since November 2000.
- It weighs approximately (420,000 kilograms or 420 tons).
- The International Space Station flies 400 km high at speeds that defy gravity – literally!
- At 28, 800 km/hr it only takes approximately 90 minutes for the weightless laboratory to make a complete circuit of Earth.
- Astronauts working and living on the ISS experience 16 sunrises and sunsets each day!
- Due to the Station’s orbit, it appears to travel from west to east over the earth, and due to Earth’s own rotation the Space Station’s moves about 2,200 km to the west on each orbit.
- An international crew of seven (7) people live and work while traveling at a speed of five miles per second, orbiting Earth about every 90 minutes.
- The solar array wingspan (measuring 356 feet or 109 meters) is longer than the world’s largest passenger aircraft, the Airbus A380 ( measuring 262 feet or 80 meters).
- Peggy Whitson set the U.S. record for spending the most total time living and working in space at 665 days on Sept. 2, 2017.
- The living and working space in the station is larger than a six-bedroom house (and has six sleeping quarters, two bathrooms, a gym, and a 360-degree view bay window).
- To mitigate the loss of muscle and bone mass in the human body in microgravity, the astronauts work out at least two hours a day.
- Astronauts and cosmonauts regularly conduct spacewalks for space station construction, maintenance and upgrades.
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aerospace
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https://flightsimsquadron.com/2020/12/03/updated-colonial-viper/
| 2022-06-27T21:46:18 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103341778.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220627195131-20220627225131-00200.warc.gz
| 0.961733 | 115 |
CC-MAIN-2022-27
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__165003845
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en
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I love the Battlestar Galactica series, from the original one as a child to the rebooted series. I added Colonial Viper mod when I first started trying this out and it was pretty janky.
Like the show, I thought it was time for a reboot.
I updated the awesome model here and added one of our jet fighter cockpits for fun as it didn’t have a cockpit.
It’s not functional but I thought it might make for some more interesting cockpit views than having nothing there 🙂
Test flight video:
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aerospace
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https://www.checkman.com/quote/ba
| 2023-03-25T08:07:14 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945317.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20230325064253-20230325094253-00149.warc.gz
| 0.688069 | 4,323 |
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__92976962
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en
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Buy or Sell ? Support and Resistance
What is MACD and how to read it?
How RSI can help?
BA Stock Summary
Top 10 Correlated ETFs
In the News
Boeing: A New Blow
Boeing faces Q1 charge on Air Force KC-46A tanker program. Troubles on defense contracts continue to haunt Boeing.
Boeing Starliner's first crewed space mission delayed again
Boeing's first mission carrying astronauts to space aboard its Starliner capsule has been delayed until at least the summer, a NASA official said. Previously slated for late April, the Starliner mission was delayed “as teams reassess readiness and complete verification work,” NASA space operations chief Kathy Leuders announced in a tweet on March 23.
Here's the Big Mystery About Boeing's Second-Biggest Business
Giant aerospace company Boeing is one of the biggest names in space investing -- and always has been. Sometime later this year Boeing may decide to sell its highest-profile space business -- its United Launch Alliance joint venture.
Pentagon probing Boeing Co. security clearance lapses involving Air Force One: WSJ
Boeing Co. BA, +0.70% employees allegedly worked on current and future Air Force One planes without the required security credentials, The Wall Street Journal reported Thursday. Pentagon officials are scrutinizing the security lapse, the newspaper said, citing people familiar with the matter.
Ryanair and Boeing talks restart over long-delayed 737 shipment
Ryanair Holdings PLC (LSE:RYA) and The Boeing Company (NYSE:BA) have returned to negotiations for a new shipment of 737s, after talks collapsed over pricing disagreements in 2021. Ryanair boss Michael O'Leary said there was a “deal to be done” with Boeing for a bulk order of new 737-Max jets on Thursday, adding the two parties were talking again after negotiations broke down eighteen months ago.
Boeing Stock Dropped on Two Counts. Four Reasons It Can Bounce Back.
The past couple of days have been a whirlwind of new information for Boeing investors.
United Launch Alliance Is For Sale: How Much Is It Worth?
Boeing's and Lockheed's United Launch Alliance joint venture is reportedly for sale. ULA is a private company, however, and keeps most of its numbers private, making it difficult to figure out how much ULA might be worth.
The Boeing Company (BA) Bank of America Global Industrials Conference (Transcript)
The Boeing Company (NYSE:BA ) Bank of America Global Industrials Conference Call March 21, 2023 6:35 AM ET Company Participants Brian West - Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer Conference Call Participants Ron Epstein - Bank of America Ron Epstein Brian, thank you for coming. You're Executive Vice President, Finance and CFO of Boeing Company.
US companies including Netflix and Boeing join 'biggest' business mission to Vietnam
Dozens of American companies are in Vietnam this week in hopes of pushing further into the fast-growing Southeast Asian economy, which has emerged as an attractive potential alternative to China as companies seek to diversify their markets and supply chains.
1 Number Shows Why Boeing Stock Is Struggling to Gain Altitude
Boeing's commercial arm is back up and running, generating 94% year-over-year revenue growth in the most recent quarter. But that sales figure is still down big compared to pre-pandemic.
BA Financial details
BA Financial Performance
Yearly Fundamentals Overview
Last date of statement is 2022-12-31
|Revenue per share||174.51||134.82||102.28||109.54||117.14|
|Net income per share||18.05||-1.12||-20.88||-7.39||-8.68|
|Operating cash flow per share||26.44||-4.31||-32.38||-6.01||6.18|
|Free cash flow per share||23.35||-7.76||-34.67||-7.73||4.03|
|Cash per share||14.78||17.66||45||28.57||30.28|
|Book value per share||0.58||-15.17||-32.21||-26.38||-27.93|
|Tangible book value per share||-18.74||-34.69||-51||-44.8||-46.1|
|Share holders equity per share||0.58||-15.17||-32.21||-26.38||-27.93|
|Interest debt per share||24.54||49.07||116.08||107.37||105.18|
|Price to sales ratio||1.85||2.42||2.09||1.84||1.63|
|EV to sales||1.91||2.65||3.06||2.65||2.27|
|Enterprise value over EBITDA||13.6||276.08||-17.77||-1.38K||-385.16|
|EV to operating cash flow||12.6||-82.85||-9.66||-48.24||42.99|
|EV to free cash flow||14.26||-45.98||-9.02||-37.49||65.93|
|Free cash flow yield||0.07||-0.02||-0.16||-0.04||0.02|
|Debt to equity||344.98||-16.47||-9.29||-10.23||-9.63|
|Debt to assets||1||1.06||1.12||1.11||1.12|
|Net debt to EBITDA||0.43||24.06||-5.61||-422.84||-108.83|
|Sales general and administrative to revenue||0.05||0.05||0.08||0.07||0.06|
|Research and developement to revenue||0.03||0.04||0.04||0.04||0.04|
|Intangibles to total assets||0.1||0.09||0.07||0.08||0.08|
|Capex to operating cash flow||-0.12||0.8||0.07||0.29||-0.35|
|Capex to revenue||-0.02||-0.03||-0.02||-0.02||-0.02|
|Capex to depreciation||-0.85||-0.86||-0.58||-0.46||-0.62|
|Stock based compensation to revenue||0||0||0||0.01||0.01|
|Return on tangible assets||0.1||-0.01||-0.08||-0.03||-0.04|
|Tangible asset value||-10.86B||-19.7B||-29B||-25.48B||-26.22B|
|Net current asset value||-29.12B||-39.7B||-48.57B||-44.73B||-43.43B|
|Days sales outstanding||51.84||59.46||63.08||66.68||61.95|
|Days payables outstanding||57.85||78.74||73.91||57.03||59|
|Days of inventory on hand||280.24||387.93||467.18||485.42||452.02|
|Capex per share||-3.09||-3.45||-2.29||-1.72||-2.15|
Quarterly Fundamentals Overview
Last date of statement is 2022-12-31 for Q4
|Revenue per share||25.07||23.66||28.1||26.77||33.41|
|Net income per share||-7.02||-2.06||0.33||-5.49||-0.91|
|Operating cash flow per share||1.21||-5.44||0.14||5.35||5.78|
|Free cash flow per share||0.84||-6.03||-0.31||4.88||5.23|
|Cash per share||27.52||20.77||19.28||23.92||28.79|
|Book value per share||-25.41||-26.04||-25.08||-29.7||-26.56|
|Tangible book value per share||-43.17||-43.67||-42.58||-47.07||-43.83|
|Share holders equity per share||-25.41||-26.04||-25.08||-29.7||-26.56|
|Interest debt per share||100.02||98.7||97.44||97.05||96.82|
|Price to sales ratio||8.03||8.09||4.87||4.52||5.7|
|EV to sales||11.43||11.69||7.69||7.26||7.84|
|Enterprise value over EBITDA||-48.55||-341.51||82.34||-58.38||259.7|
|EV to operating cash flow||236.22||-50.87||1.58K||36.33||45.3|
|EV to free cash flow||342.37||-45.89||-704.84||39.88||50.02|
|Free cash flow yield||0||-0.03||0||0.04||0.03|
|Debt to equity||-10.23||-9.81||-10.09||-8.77||-9.63|
|Debt to assets||1.11||1.11||1.11||1.13||1.12|
|Net debt to EBITDA||-14.44||-105.08||30.24||-22.03||70.75|
|Sales general and administrative to revenue||0.07||0.06||0.04||0.08||0.07|
|Research and developement to revenue||0.05||0.05||0.04||0.05||0.04|
|Intangibles to total assets||0.08||0.08||0.08||0.08||0.08|
|Capex to operating cash flow||-0.31||0.11||-3.25||-0.09||-0.09|
|Capex to revenue||-0.02||-0.02||-0.02||-0.02||-0.02|
|Capex to depreciation||-0.42||-0.72||-0.53||-0.58||-0.65|
|Stock based compensation to revenue||0.01||0.01||0.01||0.01||0.01|
|Return on tangible assets||-0.03||-0.01||0||-0.03||0|
|Tangible asset value||-25.48B||-25.83B||-25.28B||-28.05B||-26.22B|
|Net current asset value||-44.73B||-45.06B||-44.27B||-45.94B||-43.43B|
|Days sales outstanding||69.22||74.33||67.71||68.5||50.92|
|Days payables outstanding||48.16||57.9||59.19||52.53||50.65|
|Days of inventory on hand||409.9||526.47||494.03||427.94||388.08|
|Capex per share||-0.38||-0.59||-0.44||-0.48||-0.55|
BA Frequently Asked Questions
What is The Boeing Company stock symbol ?
The Boeing Company is a US stock , located in Chicago of Il and trading under the symbol BA
Is The Boeing Company buy or a sell ?
41 stock analysts have 41 predictions with a medium analyst target price of $228.93. The lowest prediction is $170 and the highest is $307
What is BA stock prediction ?
With a median analyst target price of $223, 4 stock analysts have made 4 forecasts in last 90 days. $207 is the lowest and $240 is the greatest projection.
What is The Boeing Company stock quote today ?
The Boeing Company stock price is $197.53 today.
Is The Boeing Company stock public?
Yes, The Boeing Company is a publicly traded company.
|
aerospace
|
http://www.skarclub.org/category/launch/
| 2018-03-21T00:48:39 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257647556.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20180321004405-20180321024405-00125.warc.gz
| 0.96763 | 686 |
CC-MAIN-2018-13
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__97918565
|
en
|
Our launch for this Saturday from 0900-1400 has been approved. It is always possible that a last minute mission can happen, but as of right now we are good to go. For directions on how to get to the launch site, go here: http://www.skarclub.org/launch-information/
Just got confirmation for the October launch. This month the launch will be Sunday, Oct 15th from 0900 to 1400. We have an approved ceiling of 10,000 AGL. You can find directions to the launch site here: http://www.skarclub.org/launch-information/
If you have any questions, please let us know! As per normal, you can make purchases from http://bayarearocketry.com/ For delivery options select launch site pickup and in the notes write that it is for SKAR launch pickup in mojave. Be sure to let me (Chris) or Kevin know as if we have stuff to pickup we can pick yours up also. Looking forward to seeing you all out there!
Also, our build session this month will be Sat OCt 28th. from noon to 3pm. We may have a local boyscout troop with us building rockets as well, but that has not yet been confirmed. Our business meeting will be that same day at 3pm. We will have some pizza and drinks so be sure to make it if you can!
Unfortunately the Air Force has contacted us and has rescinded their permission for us to launch this weekend. They will not let us launch on Saturday OR Sunday, not even with lowered altitude ceilings (I tried everything!!), While the AF has, in the past, not allowed us to launch on a Saturday, we have always been able to launch on at least the next day on Sunday. Unfortunately because they have denied permission on both days, we will not be able to launch again until September. This is because we are required to have an FAA waiver on our launch days. At the end of each year, I submit the entire year in advance to ensure we have our waivers in order. This process takes several months, so even if I were to put in a waiver today, it would not be approved until November at the earliest, which , as you can see, is a little late for an August launch date.
Our launch site location is pretty good, and has been utilized for over 20 years by the MDAR group. However, for SKAR, it has been a pain in the butt. We have to request special permission from the AF each month, and never know until a few days before if we are launching on a saturday or a sunday. This can be very frustrating for members, especially those that come out from farther away. Due to this issue, and this weekends completely cancellation without any reason given, Kevin and I have decided that we are going to search for a new launch location. One that is not in the R2515 or R2508 complex. Or any restricted airspace for that matter. I have gotten a lead on a couple of locations closer to Rosamond and will be checking them out this weekend. Hopefully one of these will pan out and we can have a much more stable launch schedule.
We will maintain the current launch site until a new one is ready, and the appropriate FAA waivers have been submit.
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aerospace
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https://linquest.com/products-and-solutions/ampedup
| 2022-11-27T09:53:47 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710218.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20221127073607-20221127103607-00741.warc.gz
| 0.871382 | 196 |
CC-MAIN-2022-49
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__22124954
|
en
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AMPED-UP is a web-based collaborative mission planning capability designed for Joint All-Domain Operators. It transforms traditional methods of mission planning from whiteboards and laminated maps to an advanced digital environment. Working from the mission objectives backwards, it allows the Joint All-Domain Force to rapidly plan using Air Operations Center (AOC) data products for operator manipulation.
AMPED-UP's 3D tactical map allows operators to iteratively build deconflicted plans while honoring other constraints such as combat air patrols (CAPs), artillery, avoidance zones and stand off weapons. AMPED-UP, designed and implemented as a service oriented architecture (SOA), enables efficient development and eases integration challenges due to its module-based implementation and open architecture.
With initial planning complete, AMPED-UP's automation allows operators to simulate the plan visualizing tactical gaps and holes and administer the development of contracts and contingencies IAW the integrated planning and employment pub.
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aerospace
|
https://univold.com/c4isr-cyber-space/
| 2023-12-04T00:44:52 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100518.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203225036-20231204015036-00338.warc.gz
| 0.830828 | 225 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__67605868
|
en
|
Univold Delivers information & Software
Univold provides technology that enables Univold superiority for air, ground, sea, space, and cyber domains. Our software defined electronic warfare (EW), signals intelligence (SIGINT), and counter-unmanned aircraft technologies (C-UAS) provide protection and deliver precision effects against any adversary. We deliver groundbreaking space technology – from laser communications and advanced launch operations to exploitations in the space domain. Our innovations in cybersecurity address today’s and tomorrow’s challenges and overlay across our EW, SIGINT, C-UAS, and resilient communications technologies.
Counter-Unmanned Systems Technology
CACI provides end-to-end solutions and capabilities that address all UAS threats with advanced mitigation technology. Our SkyTracker® Technology Suite offers sophisticated, interoperable, multi-domain sensors and solutions. Our system-of-systems design enables a plug-and-play approach where sensors and new architectures can be easily added to legacy platforms. Our C-UAS technology is modular, flexible, and tailorable for each unique mission.
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aerospace
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https://secondnexus.com/news/science/nasa-confirms-clean-water-ice-mars
| 2024-02-24T00:36:45 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474470.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223221041-20240224011041-00677.warc.gz
| 0.957605 | 1,701 |
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__142090160
|
en
|
Humans really, really want to colonize Mars. Water, of course, is essential, and recent findings by researchers at Arizona State University have confirmed that Mars still has large amounts of water ice that future human settlers will be able to access with relative ease. The presence of subsurface water ice could also render the possibility of microbial life on Mars a bit more realistic. Perhaps most promisingly, the water ice is relatively clean.
"Water is a crucial resource for astronauts, because it could be combined with carbon dioxide, the main ingredient in Mars's atmosphere, to create oxygen to breathe and methane, a rocket propellant.” - Science Magazine
What did NASA find?
Scientists have discovered vast deposits of clean water ice just below the surface of Mars, according to a January study published in Science. Led by United States Geological Survey planetary geologist Colin Dundas, a team of researchers discovered eight regions of the Martian surface that are eroded away, enough so that stores of water ice were directly observable. As a general rule, bright patches of the Martian surface are presumed to be ice (Mars also has deposits of carbon dioxide ice at its poles).
“It’s long been hypothesized that this mantle was a mix of ice and dust based on things like its limited latitudinal extent and how it becomes increasingly eroded as you move from the poles toward the equator,” Tanya N. Harrison, a director of research at Arizona State University’s NewSpace Initiative, told Gizmodo. “But now thanks to CRISM spectral data and colour data from the HiRISE camera, we can actually see the signature of the water ice.”
Sifting through images provided by the Arizona State University-operated HiRISE camera, which takes detailed pictures of Mars based on data from NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Mars Odyssey, Dundas and his colleagues examined areas of the Martian surface where surface rock has eroded away. Beneath the sterilized Martian regolith, Dundas’s team noticed 100-meter deep ice sheets, similar to those found in the polar regions on Earth. On Earth, ice cores are used to examine climatic conditions in Earth’s past, by measuring levels of various atmospheric gases trapped inside the ancient ice.
“This revealed cliffs composed mostly of water ice, which is slowly sublimating as it is exposed to the atmosphere. The ice sheets extend from just below the surface to a depth of 100 meters or more and appear to contain distinct layers, which could preserve a record of Mars' past climate. They might even be a useful source of water for future human exploration of the red planet.”
Dundas thinks that this same method could be implemented on Mars. The ancient Martian climate is still a mystery, namely, because Mars is believed to have been wet in the distant past. Scrutinizing changes in the Martian atmosphere, which took place over large swaths of time, will help answer the question of how Mars lost its liquid surface water and magnetic field. He also explained that finding large ice sheets is a huge boon to future human exploration of our planetary cousin.
"If you had a mission at one of these sites, sampling the layers going down the scarp, you could get a detailed climate history of Mars," suggested MRO Deputy Project Scientist Leslie Tamppari of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California. "It's part of the whole story of what happens to water on Mars over time: Where does it go? When does ice accumulate? When does it recede?"
Based on the eight water ice scarps observed by HiRISE, which often slope as much as 55 degrees, they are estimated to cover a full third of the Martian surface beneath the dark, dusty regolith.
“There is shallow ground ice under roughly a third of the Martian surface, which records the recent history of Mars,” noted Dundas. "What we’ve seen here are cross-sections through the ice that give us a 3-D view with more detail than ever before.”
Amazingly, these ice deposits are only four to six meters beneath the surface of the red planet, which means they should be easily accessible to rovers, like NASA’s Mars 2020 mission which will generate oxygen on Mars by splitting water molecules it finds on the surface (the first step in terraforming Mars), and human settlers who need it to survive.
"On Mars, when you see something bright, it usually means ice,” said Richard Zurek, chief scientist for the Mars Program Office at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Typical Martian surface rock and dust don’t reflect much light, "but the albedo readings on these exposed sections show that this is very bright stuff," Zurek says. "And the spectrometer readings support that this is water ice and not ice-cemented soil, which would be much harder to convert into water as a resource."
Dundas also explains in his study that the ice likely formed from seasonal snowfall over millions of years, which occurs when ice sublimates (changes from solid to gas) when it comes in contact with the Martian atmosphere. Speaking of the atmosphere on Mars, it’s less than 1% the mass of Earth’s and is nearly 96% carbon dioxide.
“We investigated eight of these locations and found that they expose deposits of water ice that can be >100 meters thick, extending downward from depths as shallow as 1 to 2 meters below the surface. The scarps are actively retreating because of sublimation of the exposed water ice. The ice deposits likely originated as snowfall during Mars’ high-obliquity periods and have now compacted into massive, fractured, and layered ice. We expect the vertical structure of Martian ice-rich deposits to preserve a record of ice deposition and past climate,” the study said.
What makes this ice so special?
The presence of easily-accessible water ice on Mars is good news for future space missions from Mars to Earth, and from Mars into the dark, far-flung reaches of the solar system. Water can be converted into liquid hydrogen and oxygen, and then used as rocket fuel. Mars’s relatively small mass, compared to the Earth, means it has less gravity; less surface gravity requires less fuel for spacecraft to make it into space.
The location of the Martian water ice may present challenges for eventual robotic rovers and settlers. Located at 55-58 degrees north and south of the Martian equator, the water ice lies close to the polar regions, which experience extremely cold temperatures. These latitudes also receive far less sunlight than latitudes closer to the equator.
Future human settlements are generally expected to be limited to being located no more than 30 degrees north or south of the equator, due to the more temperate climate. This is comparable to the climate in Scotland, located at 56 degrees north, to the southern tip of South Africa, at 30 degrees south latitude. Because Mars is much smaller than Earth and nearly twice as far away from the Sun, the climatic difference at different latitudes are immense.
"If you wanna stay warm, it's better to be in Hawaii than Alaska,” Zurek commented. "So that's something you'll want to follow up on and investigate before you put your base down."
A warmer climate, however, is theorized to drive ice deposits deeper underground, making them much more difficult to access. "I'm sure we haven't found all of the exposures at this point," Dundas said. It’s reasonable to infer that further exploration will reveal more subsurface water ice. It’s also realistic to predict that eventual settlers will possess, or at the very least have the capability of assembling, robotic rovers and sample collectors that they could deploy to mitigate the danger the northern Martian latitudes pose to humans.
Irrespective of the location, the water ice found by Dundas and his fellow scientists has an additional property that makes it appealing for future missions. It contains relatively few contaminants, such as heavy sediments, rocks, and dust. The relatively low amount of embedded rocky material in the water ice would enable easier and faster mining operations.
|
aerospace
|
http://similestack.com/library/modern-missile-guidance
| 2017-09-24T17:26:03 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818690112.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170924171658-20170924191658-00441.warc.gz
| 0.919287 | 554 |
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__241901721
|
en
|
By Rafael Yanushevsky
Written via knowledgeable with greater than 30 years of expertise, glossy Missile counsel comprises new analytical effects, got by means of the writer, that may be used for research and layout of missile counsel and keep watch over platforms. This ebook covers not only new equipment neither is it simply a compilation of older tools, even though it comprises either. The e-book discusses, in a logical development, with its transparent elucidation of the counsel legislation, the complete box from missile dynamics to modeling and checking out missile assistance and regulate structures.
In distinction to current books that debate extremely simple and infrequently unrealistic counsel procedure versions, this e-book offers missile information types that describe extra exactly the dynamics of the missile flight keep watch over approach, making analytical effects better in perform. The research of missile assistance method versions within the time-domain and within the frequency-domain permits the iteration of other suggestions legislation that complement one another.
Taking smooth, rigorous strategy that results in more suitable functionality in missile suggestions purposes, the ebook examines new assistance legislation, and corresponding algorithms for producing and checking out those legislation, and contains potent new software program courses built by way of the writer. the writer presents an leading edge presentation of the theoretical points of recent missile suggestions that relatively in all likelihood can't be present in the other booklet. It delineates new rules that, as soon as crystallized, will considerably enhance missile structures functionality.
Read Online or Download Modern Missile Guidance PDF
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Plane gasoline Turbine Engine expertise presents a finished, easy-to-understand remedy of the heritage, improvement, and functions of the fuel turbine engine it its quite a few types, resembling turobjet, turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft powerplants. Designed basically as a source for technicians getting ready for the FAA airplane powerplant mechanic certification, airplane gasoline Turbine Engine know-how additionally can be utilized a reference.
The trendy helicopter is a worldly machine which merges a stunning variety of applied sciences jointly. This wide selection of disciplines is among the fascinations of the helicopter, however it is additionally makes an entire knowing tough. these trying to find an knowing of the helicopter will locate The paintings of the Helicopter priceless.
The learn of flight dynamics calls for a radical realizing of the idea of the soundness and regulate of airplane, an appreciation of flight keep an eye on platforms and a grounding within the conception of computerized keep watch over. Flight Dynamics rules is a scholar concentrated textual content and offers quick access to all 3 subject matters in an built-in smooth structures context.
Additional info for Modern Missile Guidance
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aerospace
|
https://www.dynali.com/helicopters/
| 2023-09-26T12:37:01 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510208.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926111439-20230926141439-00791.warc.gz
| 0.807406 | 516 |
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__242409827
|
en
|
Maintenance & Operating Costs
The maintenance program for the H3 Sport is one of this machine’s greatest advantages. The entire helicopter has been designed for ease of access, simplicity and low cost of maintenance for the owner. It can be performed easily thanks to detailed but very simple technical procedures.
The general TBO of the H3 Sport is at 2400 h and has no calendar limited service life. Service inspections are spaced at every 25, 50, 100, 300, 600, 1200 and 2400 h.
The figures below are estimates only, calculated by Dynali Helicopter Company. The prices will vary depending on use, costs of labour, local condition and prices. Under no condition should the estimated costs below be considered as contractually binding.
1. Provision for Helicopter standard overhaul
2400 h helicopter standard overhaul (€ 17.640,00), per flight hour € 8,80
(Labour cost excluded)
2. Direct operating cost
|50h maintenance operation cost||5h labour (estimated)||€ 350||€ 26,50|
|100h maintenance operation cost||10h labour (estimated)||€ 700||€ 300,00|
|300h maintenance operation cost||25h labour (estimated)||€ 1750||€ 1.720,00|
|600h maintenance operation cost||50h labour (estimated)||€ 3500||€ 6.290,00|
|1200h maintenance operation cost||100h labour (estimated)||€ 7000||€ 14.710,00|
Total direct operating cost, per flight hour* € 37,70
*Cumulative direct maintenance cost on 2400h = € 75.400,00
3. Total operating cost
(1) 2400h helicopter standard overhaul, per flight hour € 8,80
(2) Total direct operating cost, per flight hour € 37,70
Provision for non-scheduled repair, per flight hour € 5,00
Total operating cost, per flight hour € 51,50
(Engine overhaul, fuel, labour, insurance, depreciation, local
transportation and hangar excluded)
Special maintenance operations
These maintenance operations can not be estimated per flight hour as intervals are indeterminate and dependent on inspection.
Engine overhaul Rotax (912ULS / 912ULS-I / 914UL) See Rotax Price’s list
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aerospace
|
https://www.cloud9balloons.com.au/blog/5-breathtaking-hot-air-balloon-images
| 2019-04-24T01:55:03 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578624217.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20190424014705-20190424040705-00268.warc.gz
| 0.880972 | 101 |
CC-MAIN-2019-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__82975178
|
en
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5 Breathtaking Hot Air Balloon images
Hot air ballooning is the oldest and most romantic form of flight. Since 1783, when Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent d'Arlandes first took flight, humans have been captivated by this majestic form of flight.
Here are 5 images of hot air ballooning that will surprise and inspire
Okay, we lied… 7 images, I couldn’t pick just 5. How breathtaking are these pictures?
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aerospace
|
https://www.aviationfly.com/marketplace/asa-flight-school-software/
| 2021-04-14T07:16:42 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038077336.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20210414064832-20210414094832-00377.warc.gz
| 0.904736 | 260 |
CC-MAIN-2021-17
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__175723347
|
en
|
ASA Flight School SoftwareContact
School Management Software
- Specializes in: Flight School Software
- ASA Flight School
- SAM Maintenance Software
- SAM Light
- ASA Aero Club
ASA software is a Danish software company specializing in flight school software, aviation maintenance software and aero club software. They are known internationally in the aviation community for their excellent support staff, hands on development approach, short implementation timeline and cost-effective pricing structure.
ASA Flight School - Automate Your Flight School From The Ground Up
ASA Flight School Software gives you the ability to control all aspects of a flight school from:
- Booking Aircraft
- Scheduling Instructors
- Logging Students' Flights
- Theory Training Courses
- Aircraft Maintenance Management
And actually, performing the maintenance in a seamlessly integrated MRO software, reducing your workload massively.
The software helps you optimize every part of your flight school. All files are backed up into the cloud and are easily searchable, eliminating the need for large and messy filing cabinets filled with tons of paper records.
Are you ready to optimize your flight school with industry-leading software? Book a demo today by pressing the CONTACT button and we’ll show you all the exciting features we have to offer.
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aerospace
|
http://www.capitalwired.com/scientific-laser-curiosity/213940/
| 2021-12-06T02:32:05 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363229.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20211206012231-20211206042231-00215.warc.gz
| 0.949248 | 560 |
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Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/capitalwired/public_html/wp-content/plugins/really-simple-facebook-twitter-share-buttons/really-simple-facebook-twitter-share-buttons.php on line 318
NASA’s Curiosity rover is equipped with a scientific laser that can target rocks and pulverize them into the thin Martian air. The feature is fully automated and does not require human control.
The new software that allows Curiosity to automate its laser function had been developed by the NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena.
The plasma produced after the laser destroys the rock is analyzed and will offer information on the composition of the material without having to cut out a sample of the stone, which would take a lot of time.
Even if at this moment a team of scientists selects the rocks based on the images received from the rover’s camera, Curiosity is able to choose all by itself multiple targets per week.
Curiosity can choose its targets based on brightness and size. Once the machine detects an appropriate rock, it fires the laser and analyzes the resulting plasma.
The scientific laser can reach targets going as far as 7 meters away.
The rover had been trained to act autonomously in order to avoid delays that may occur in the communication between Mars and Earth and to overpass schedule incongruence between the device and the team of scientists back on our planet.
The scientific laser is part of the ChemCam instrument which is operated by a joint team of US and French astrophysicists.
So far, it had been used more than 350,000 times on 10,000 targets. The autonomy feature will allow Curiosity to analyze even more rocks than before.
Until now, the rover had to be stopped in front of the stone, and the scientific team back on Earth had to fine tune the pointing parameters. Only then Curiosity was capable of firing the laser.
The new software will allow the device to hit targets on its own, without any help from the scientific team. The robot will know to identify the rocks all by itself, it will find the proper location on the rock where it will point the laser, it will orientate the laser towards the stone, and it will hit the target all by itself, with no human intervention.
Curiosity had been on Mars for almost four years, and even if this month the device went into an automatic shutdown, it recovered entirely, and now it seems to be working very well.
The rover uses ChemCam and other instruments to gather information on the geological layers from Mount Sharp to decide the history of the planet and to detect if life had ever existed on Mars.
Image Source: Wikipedia
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aerospace
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https://www.hodinkee.com/articles/revisiting-the-history-of-the-speedmaster-with-the-astronauts-who-wore-them
| 2024-02-26T12:13:46 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474659.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226094435-20240226124435-00555.warc.gz
| 0.96505 | 1,090 |
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__192290343
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en
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The official status of Omega’s Speedmaster Professional as that of “Moonwatch” is widely known and celebrated amongst enthusiasts and certainly by Omega themselves. Unlike many brand partnerships, the relationship between Omega and NASA has yielded real, tangible benefits, with the Speedmaster itself making appearances in each of the manned missions to the Moon, and even contributing to one of the greatest dramas of the 20th century, helping the astronauts of Apollo 13 return safely to Earth after an oxygen tank explosion two days into the mission. To gain a more personal perspective on this relationship, Omega sent us to NASA headquarters in Houston, where we had access to astronauts Jim Lovell (Gemini 7, 12; Apollo 8, 13) and Tom Stafford (Gemini 6A, 9A; Apollo 10; ASTP). We heard the first hand account of Lovell’s heroism, and the Speedmaster’s pivotal role in Apollo 13’s return to Earth.
“Houston, we have a problem.” It’s a line we all recognize, even if only out of the mouth of Tom Hanks in the movie Apollo 13. The famous words were actually spoken by Astronaut Jim Lovell on April 14th, 1970, more than three quarters of the way to the Moon, where he and crewmates Jack Swigert and Fred Haise were scheduled to explore the Fra Mauro highlands. Interesting fact: Jim Lovell actually said "Houston, we've had a problem." The oxygen tank explosion meant skipping the lunar landing – instead they looped around the Moon in order to limp back to Earth in power reserve mode. To keep the Lunar Module life-support and communication systems operational until re-entry, the module was powered down to the lowest levels possible. This placed a premium on any mechanical devices that might aid their return, such as their Speedmaster watches.
As of March 1965 the Omega Speedmaster has been “flight qualified by NASA for all manned space missions.” The watch has been present on all six of the manned missions to the Moon, making its first appearance on the lunar surface as part of the Apollo 11 mission. While speculation about Swigert’s Rolex GMT Master remains just that, there seems to be little doubt that it was a Speedmaster that played a role in the Apollo 13 mission. Never mind the fact that NASA specified that a chronograph would be needed, we now have it from Jim Lovell himself – that it was the Omega that played a role in timing critical maneuvers on the return trip.
In preserving life support and communication systems, the Lunar Module was nearly completely powered down. However, two midcourse corrections were required on the way back to Earth to ensure proper trajectory. On the last controlled burn, the crew needed to manually sight the capsule’s trajectory through the duration of a 14-second burn. Lovell used a “gunsight” and aligned the crosshairs with the day/night shadow, or “terminator” line on the Earth.
“Well, that was the last burn… What we had to do was get back in the proper quarter to come back in and make a safe landing because we were still a little bit off. The Command Module of course, was completely dead. We used the Lunar Module as the life boat, it was the landing engine of the Lunar Module we used to make the corrections. So what we had to use was the Omega watch to time the 14 second burn of the Lunar Module engine, to get back into the proper quarter to get back in to make a proper landing.”– – Jim Lovell
Without that last controlled burn the LM could have bounced off of the Earth’s atmosphere and continued into space along with its occupants. For its part in getting the astronauts home, the Speedmaster was awarded the Silver Snoopy Award, an honor awarded to NASA employees and contractors for outstanding achievements related to human flight safety or mission success. Omega has commemorated the award with special edition watches just twice, the second of which was shown for the first time in Basel earlier this year.
During our time in Houston, we were also treated to a tour of NASA’s facilities, including the mission control room that flight director Gene Kranz and the support crew called home during the Apollo 13 mission. We saw new Lunar rover designs, Astronauts in training, and even the Orion capsule set to take humans to Mars for the first time. At the base of the mission control tower resides a case full of Speedmaster watches, each with a different mission patch from 22 missions. In 1997, a case containing all 22 (plus a 1957 lookalike) was made available for purchase to celebrate the watch’s 50th anniversary. Unfortunately, only 50 were made. They rarely hit the open market, and when they do they command well into six figures.
A dinner with the astronauts, including Gene Cernan (Gemini 9A; Apollo 10, 17), and a brief appearance by George Clooney wrapped up our visit. The takeaway? The Speedmaster has a legit place in the history of America’s space program. More info on the modern Speedmaster can be found at Omega’s website, and you can learn more about the Apollo 13 mission right here.
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aerospace
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https://soek.pro/How-to-fly-Drones/news-409371/
| 2018-04-24T07:05:00 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125946565.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20180424061343-20180424081343-00040.warc.gz
| 0.879793 | 200 |
CC-MAIN-2018-17
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__213820709
|
en
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How to Fly the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt
VHSRip | 1943 | English | 01:50:00 | DivX - 1199 Kbps | 704 x 480 | 30 fps | MP3 48 kbps avg | 1,5 Gb
Three educational films during World War II, issued by the Military Department of the Army Air Force in cooperation with the U.S. firm Republic, intended to familiarize and train new pilots a fighter Republic P-47 Thunderbolt. Shows in detail the basic unit of the aircraft, a preliminary examination, inspection before the flight and post-flight inspection as well as training and piloting aerobatics.
The fourth film - a bonus: The Fight for the Sky: Our Fighter Pilots versus the Luftwaffe in Western Europe in 1945. . The struggle for the Sky: The American fighter pilots 8th Fighter Command, perform their tasks on escort bombers, and destroy enemy aircraft, transport and communications in Western Europe, 1945.
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aerospace
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http://aviationbanter.com/showthread.php?s=0913f795f54f8648baee1065e1fa1948&p=102345
| 2020-02-29T00:27:32 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875148163.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20200228231614-20200229021614-00329.warc.gz
| 0.704228 | 958 |
CC-MAIN-2020-10
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__78305770
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en
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|If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below.|
||Thread Tools||Display Modes|
Military Acft Comms Log, Florida, Monday 20 Sep 2004
Monday 20 Sep 2004
Two long-absent visitors returned today:
FAB 65 is one of the Bolivian Air Force's transports that used to be a
regular visitor. He usually stopped at Patrick before continuing to Opa Locka.
NASA 963, my favorite NASA T-38, is always a heartwarming visitor.
The Hurricane Hunters continue to fly all around us, heard here and on HF
comms throughout the entire day (and even now as I type this at 4:29am
FAB 65: C-130, Bolivian Air Force
11:35am: Lands Patrick AFB
JOLLY 12: HH-60G, Pave Hawk Helo
12:00 noon: Hover checks.
MAULER 14: S-3B, Jacksonville NAS VS-32 "Maulers"
12:54pm: Area transition, northward; descends to Jacksonville.
[269.3, 273.55, 251.15, 351.8]
ROPER 91: C-130, Ft Worth NAS JRB, TX-ANG 136AW
1:00pm: Lands Patrick.
2:50pm: Departs to Ft Worth NAS.
JOLLY 11: HH-60G, Pave Hawk Helo
1:01pm: Local work.
TEAL 99: WC-130, Keesler AFB 403W 53WRS "Hurricane Hunters"
1:05pm: Area transition.
7:04pm: Heard again.
PAT 258: US Army Priority Air Transport
1:27pm: Area transition.
AIR TRANSPORT 300: DC-8 (USAF Contract Acft)
1:30pm: Departs Patrick to Antigua.
[133.75, 132.65, 132.15]
ROPER 94: C-130, Ft Worth NAS JRB, TX-ANG 136AW
2:20pm: Area transition.
KING 55: HC-130P #64-14855, Patrick AFB 920RQW 39RQS
7:00pm: Departs Patrick, then lands immediately, "Pilot ADI [attitude director
NASA 963: T-38N #59-1603 (my favorite NASA T-38)
9:50pm: Lands NASA Space Shuttle Landing Facility.
[133.9, 125.075, 132.25, 124.8, 132.65, 128.55]
NASA 920: T-38N #66-8386, Johnson Space Ctr
10:47pm: Lands?/Departs? NASA Space Shuttle Landing Facility.
10:49pm: Area transition.
AL STERN Satellite Beach FL (28-11N 80-36W) monitoring
Patrick AFB (KCOF) NASA-KSC Shuttle Landing Fac (KX68)
Avon Park Bombing Range (KAGR) Cape Canaveral AFS (KXMR)
JSTARS E-8 Acft Integration Facility, Melbourne IAP (KMLB)
Worldwide Military HF Communications
Life Member: Missile, Space and Range Pioneers.
http://hometown.aol.com/allanstern/m...age/index.html (My Freqs)
http://hometown.aol.com/scanaddict/index.html (My Equipment)
|Thread||Thread Starter||Forum||Replies||Last Post|
|Florida Mil Acft Comms Log - Thurs, 26Aug2004||AllanStern||Military Aviation||0||August 27th 04 05:52 AM|
|Florida Military Comms Log - Thurs 15 Apr 2004||AllanStern||Military Aviation||1||April 17th 04 08:38 PM|
|Military Comms, Florida, Sat 10 Apr 2004||AllanStern||Military Aviation||0||April 12th 04 07:36 AM|
|Florida Military Comms Logging||AllanStern||Military Aviation||0||February 28th 04 09:17 AM|
|bush rules!||Be Kind||Military Aviation||53||February 14th 04 05:26 PM|
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aerospace
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https://www.abbotsfordflyingclub.ca/author/markt/
| 2021-01-22T18:53:29 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703531335.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20210122175527-20210122205527-00405.warc.gz
| 0.919943 | 169 |
CC-MAIN-2021-04
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__263993882
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en
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Click here to read the whole story.
A short video showing the look of Microsoft Flight Simuator over the years since its beginnings in 1982.
Interesting tour of a classic Cold War Soviet fighter.
Cool tour of a Soviet-era Hind Mi-24 attack helicopter.
Click here for an interesting story about a Manitoba pilot who visited 200 airstrips in 3 months.
Dave Hadfield takes us with him on a flight in the only Westland Lysander flying in the world.
Come along for a ride on a virtual Concorde with former Concorde Chief Pilot Mike Bannister and former Concorde Chief Flight Engineer Ian Smith sharing the experience along the way.
Because I was inverted…
Click here for an interesting article from the Seattle Times on the history of the Boeing 747, aka Queen of the Skies.
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aerospace
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http://sk.ru/news/b/news/archive/2015/08/20/boeing-research-center-up-and-running-by-december-_1320_-official.aspx
| 2018-05-22T02:17:13 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794864622.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20180522014949-20180522034949-00063.warc.gz
| 0.933211 | 385 |
CC-MAIN-2018-22
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__50288105
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en
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The president of Boeing for Russia and the CIS says the aviation giant’s research center at Skolkovo should be up and running by the end of the year.
President of Boeing for Russia.CIS Sergei Kravchenko. Photo: sk.ru
Boeing is a key partner of the Skolkovo Foundation, a status that obliges the company to build research facilities at the Skolkovo Innovation Center, where it can then enjoy a wealth of benefits including tax breaks and access to the latest Russian innovations.
“We are currently completing our Aviation Training Center, which will train flight personnel and engineers,” said Sergei Kravchenko, Boeing’s top official in Russia and the surrounding republics, in comments carried by the Kommersant business daily.
“I was at the construction site recently and was I blown away: Not only will there be stunning aviation simulators designed and produced in Russia, but it will all be staffed by Russian scientists and programmers,” he added.
“I think in November or December the building work will be finished and we will begin work at the new center. It’s funny, just 18 months ago we announced this project in the presence of Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev,” Kravchenko said.
The research facility, known as Boeing's Moscow Design Center, will house nearly 300 IT specialists, engineers and researchers to support Boeing Commercial Airplanes programs.
Then-President Dmitry Medevdev signed the partnership agreement with Boeing on his trip to the United States in 2010.
The project brings together Boeing, Russian company TRANSAS, the Industrial Investors group and the Skolkovo Foundation.
TRANSAS produced half of all the class D aviation simulators for airplanes and helicopters in Russia. A Boeing 737-800 simulator was put on display at the Skolkovo Hypercube in 2013.
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aerospace
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https://especials.site/get-able-to-register-with-the-federal-government/
| 2021-03-01T15:22:58 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178362741.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20210301151825-20210301181825-00214.warc.gz
| 0.936611 | 1,389 |
CC-MAIN-2021-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__27340201
|
en
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Get Able to Register With The federal government
THE food firm Domino’s has delivered its first pizza by DRONE. In hand hover https://force1rc.com/products/scoot-hands-free-hover-drone-red that might mark the end of scooter-driven quick food, Domino’s despatched its first ever unmanned aircraft to efficiently carry out a pizza order. Superb footage of the supply to an tackle in Whangaparaoa, simply north of Auckland, shows the drone named DRU swooping down from the sky to hoover over the house. It then winches down the order — a Peri-Peri Chicken and a Rooster and Cranberry pizza — before zooming off again to base. The stunt comes simply three months after the corporate first started testing the dizzying supply methodology in partnership with drone firm Flirtey. WAS THAT WHEELIE Wise?
Further trials will probably be rolled out in Australia, Belgium, France, The Netherlands, Japan and Germany earlier than the UK and different markets are thought-about. Domino’s boss Don Meij says the aerial technique might catch on as it beats visitors and cuts waiting time. “DRU This Resource site by Flirtey gives the promise of safer, quicker deliveries to an expanded supply area, that means extra customers can expect to receive a freshly-made order within our final goal of 10 minutes. “They can avoid site visitors congestion and visitors lights, and safely cut back the supply time and distance by travelling on to customers’ properties. That is the longer term.
Airbus Defense & Space GmbH makes use of totally different technology to detect drones. Drawing from army expertise, its radar can establish a small unmanned aircraft so far as 2.Eight miles (4.5 km) away, in line with Meinrad Edel, director of sales, safety and reconnaissance on the company’s Ulm, Germany, facility. Video cameras take over at closer range and may see a drone as small as the favored SZ DJI Know-how Co. Ltd. Phantom from .9 miles (1.5 km), Edel stated. The corporate presents countermeasures that can divert or take down the drone, if it is authorized to use such jamming know-how, he said.
- Management the pace of the putt
- More to come
- Max flight velocity of 10m/s
- The movement of the precise joystick to the left will allow the drone to move in the direction of the fitting
- The proper settings
- Why Web of Issues(IoT)
- Before every flight, the drone should endure a preflight inspection to ensure it’s airworthy
In a follow up last month, Aerospace’s engineers demonstrated it was attainable to take over management of one drone with out interfering with the radio indicators of another close by unmanned aircraft, Villahermosa mentioned. While the corporate won’t be selling anti-drone products, it is working with legislation enforcement businesses to seek out out whether the expertise would work in real-world situations, he said.
Aerospace’s scientists have looked at various techniques for detecting drones and none of them are perfect, he stated. Sensing radio indicators will probably work for drone operators who by accident fly into the fallacious locations, but may not be as efficient towards a sophisticated operator intentionally attempting to evade detection. Defending sites as delicate because the White House might require a number of layers of technology, he said. The problem is just like creating anti-virus protections for a pc, he mentioned. There can be an unending race between nefarious actors and people creating the defenses.
Therefore it is best to harvest solely a little bit amount of honey and go away a sufficient quantity as storage for winter. 5 – Harvest the honey. Little or no could be harvested in the primary 12 months, however afterward you can start harvesting substantial quantity of honey. Harvesting is certainly the very best part of beekeeping. Check all of the honey-stuffed supers and take away them from the hive at any time to get the honey extracted from the combs. Take away the rubbish or lifeless bees from the honey comb, after which put again empty frames as replacements. You’ll be capable of sell the honey in two kinds; the liquid honey and the items of honey comb.
The liquid honey is produced by the mean of a centrifuge to extract honey from the honey combs. Whereas the second kind is the original honey comb pieces made by the bees. This kind supplies some enjoyment to some people who find themselves after the pure honey flavor. One factor I forgot to say earlier, which I should tackle to learners, is to get a handbook or information or introductory guide. This will offer you the mandatory data on how you can handle your hive correctly previous to purchasing your bee colony.
The Dieppe Fireplace Department has a brand new recruit — a drone. More Tips says they’re one in every of the first hearth departments in Atlantic Canada to make use of one. Cormier has been practising flying the drone daily for the last few months. He says the first rule he learned about operating the 10-kilogram machine that has 4 propellers is to remain targeted.
Cormier is considered one of three operators from the fireplace department authorised by Transport Canada, and each time the drone is flown, the Moncton airport is notified. Cormier realized methods to fly the drone from Marc LeBlanc, a drone enthusiast. LeBlanc is a local photographer, who uses drones to seize footage for businesses that need an “eye within the sky” similar to realtors, and tourism operators. LeBlanc thinks drones will probably be used more and more in emergency conditions. They’re already gaining popularity in the United States and starting to make their method north.
What Are Aerial Drones Used for? Should you plan to fly a drone, you want to understand how it is managed. For an object that’s heavier-than-air to get airborne, you need to create lift. Carry is a force that pushes an object upward into the air and is created by various the air stress above and beneath an aircraft. Airplanes create carry by transferring air above and under a wing. remote control boats for pools https://force1rc.com/products/h102-velocity-remote-control-boat-for-pool-outdoor-use that air motion is created is with the horizontal motion of the aircraft. The bigger the aircraft, the longer the runway they want to gain the right amount of speed to create the carry that will ultimately push the aircraft into the air.
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aerospace
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https://civitas.eu/news/harmony-drone-pilot-comes-to-a-close-in-trikala
| 2024-04-13T19:54:59 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816832.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413180040-20240413210040-00072.warc.gz
| 0.962158 | 470 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__105383364
|
en
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Image by HARMONY
The drone pilot taking place in Trikala, Greece within the scope of the HARMONY project has come to a close.
The pilot was an enlightening experience for the project, since it shed a light on the many challenges that must be addressed in order to safely and effectively utilise drones for medical and other deliveries.
One such challenge was the risk of drones entering residential areas. Experiencing this challenge made organisers realise that flight path safety and flight permit insurance from the Hellenic Civil Aviation Authorities (HCAA) must always be taken into account. A member from the HCAA was always present during the tests to ensure flight safety. Additionally, with the supervision and cooperation of the local government bodies, all the necessary roads and areas were evacuated for safety.
Each flight was conducted from the GISEMI Hub to the three destinations Leptokarya, Mikro Kefalobryso and Megalo Kefalobryso. Prior to take off, the operational team performed all the necessary pre-fight checks. The flight path was planned and uploaded to the autopilot. Each drone flight , including take-off and landing, were performed automatically. Upon reception of the cargo at the three destinations, the drone returned to the GISEMI HUB in autopilot.
During this pilot period, organisers recognised that in case the need for a flight permit would be permanent, permanent spaces for landing and take-off outside residential areas must also be created. To improve radio communication and line-of-sight (LOS), a set of digital and physical infrastructure would be needed as well.
With the pilot now complete, the drone flights conducted reached a total distance of 170km, with a total flight duration of 632 min (10.5h). The average speed was 10 meters per second. No further flights are scheduled.
The data and results collected during the pilot will be used to enrich the current policy tools of the Municipality of Trikala in the direction of evidence-based policy making. The Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan is to be updated and include the air dimension in a more mature way than in the initial phase. Urgent situations or vulnerable social groups could be served by urban air mobility systems and services in the future.
Author: ENIDE SOLUTIONS
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aerospace
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https://www.pv-magazine.com/2023/01/24/ready-for-takeoff/
| 2024-04-24T06:48:32 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819067.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424045636-20240424075636-00068.warc.gz
| 0.941962 | 1,167 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__170950854
|
en
|
In view of rising electricity prices as airports strive to reduce CO2 emissions, many aerodrome operators are turning to renewables for a secure, independent energy supply. Airports often have large undeveloped areas and flat roofs that could be considered for harvesting solar energy. Aviation emissions-reduction measures such as sustainable fuels and hydrogen and other aircraft propulsion technologies are still in development while PV is ready to roll out and can have a direct impact on the carbon footprint of airports.
There are various opportunities for airports and smaller airfields to generate economic value from rooftop PV or ground-mounted solar. Site operators can develop areas themselves to lease as “ready-to-build” sites. From a permitting perspective, the planning, installation, and operation of PV systems would then face only minor hurdles. Alternatively, an airport operator can directly invest, use solar panels for its own electricity needs or supply energy customers or traders via a power purchase agreement.
Common concerns from airport operators regarding on-site PV
Is glare from panels a problem for pilots and air traffic controllers? Do PV installations pose a physical obstacle to aviation and is there a possibility of electromagnetic interference with air traffic control communication, navigation and surveillance (CNS) equipment? Can the required safety distances on the ground be maintained, for example from runways and taxiways? Do PV systems interfere with rescue and firefighting services (RFFS) during emergency operations?
However, the placement of solar arrays near aprons, taxiways, or runways can present a challenge in terms of aviation safety and regulatory compliance. There are a range of common concerns.
Addressing those questions requires a broad knowledge, and practical experience, of conducting aeronautical safety assessments and of aeronautical planning and approval processes. Airsight has conducted technical and aeronautical feasibility studies for solar near airports and other flight operation areas.
Maximizing the generation potential of airport PV while ensuring the already high safety level of flight operations and other processes often requires a multi-level risk assessment of potential hazards posed by panels near “aircraft maneuvering areas.” Such assessments ensure only acceptable risks exist for airport operations. It must be demonstrated to the responsible aviation approval authority that the solar system will not compromise the safety level of the airport and that aviation regulations at national and international level will be strictly followed.
Depending on airport characteristics, many requirements must be observed, from an aeronautical perspective, for the planning and approval of an airport PV system.
A hazard analysis and risk assessment of glare and irritation effects from solar installations must be carried out, as well as development of measures to reduce glare – a glare assessment.
An obstacle assessment is required, under national and supra-national regulations (such as in the EU) and an assessment of compatibility with air traffic control CNS systems must also be performed.
Developers will need a hazard analysis and risk assessment of the impact of solar arrays on runway safety, for instance in the case of unplanned veer-off of aircraft from the runway, or any impact on the evacuation of aircraft in case of accidents.
An assessment of any impact on emergency response by RFFS is needed, as is an impact assessment for wildlife management, for instance as a result of increased breeding activity of birds
Also, compliance checks must be carried out in relation to regulations regarding aerodrome design and certification.
Interdisciplinary expertise in hazard analysis and risk assessment is necessary for processing the test criteria for PV at or near airports, covering sustainable aviation, airfield planning and approval, safety of air traffic operations, and aviation obstacles and CNS installations. This requires extensive knowledge and experience with national and international specifications, standards, and norms for airfield design and management.
Big airports such as Edmonton in Canada, Washington-Dulles in the United States, and most recently, Frankfurt in Germany, are operating or planning open-space PV systems near taxiways and runways. In May 2022, a 24 MW solar system was commissioned at Vienna-Schwechat Airport, in Austria, around 200 meters from the runway. The airport says the project is the largest ground-mounted solar system in Austria and, together with the rooftop systems already installed at the site, covers around a third of the airport’s annual electricity consumption.
The solar potential of airports is clear when looking at the length of runways. A 4 km runway, such as that found at Munich International Airport in Germany, could accommodate a 50-meter wide, 3 km long solar site that could generate around 17 GWh per year with an installed capacity of 15 MW – all in line with safety and regulatory requirements.
The energy transition requires that previous principles be broken down, new ideas be developed, and the exploitation of existing renewable energy potential also be evaluated at safety-critical infrastructure such as airports.
The areas required for solar are available at many airports, in some cases on a large scale, and could make a significant contribution as long as they do not compromise the high level of safety in aviation.
About the author: Christoph Struempfel studied aeronautics and astronautics at TU Berlin and is a consultant for sustainable aviation at airsight GmbH. The Berlin-based consultancy specializes in aviation safety assessments, inspection and engineering services, and training courses for airports, air navigation services, and aviation authorities worldwide.
The views and opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own, and do not necessarily reflect those held by pv magazine.
This content is protected by copyright and may not be reused. If you want to cooperate with us and would like to reuse some of our content, please contact: [email protected].
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aerospace
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https://www.capitalgazette.com/cg2-arc-da37ee9e-57eb-54e1-922e-5b23e69b2559-20130128-story.html
| 2022-08-18T20:01:46 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00336.warc.gz
| 0.964989 | 199 |
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__27581648
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en
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TEHRAN, Iran (AP) - Iran said Monday it has successfully sent a monkey into space, describing the launch as another step toward Tehran's goal of a manned space flight.
According to a brief report on state TV, the rocket dubbed Pishgam, or Pioneer in Farsi, reached a height of 72 miles. The report gave no other details on the timing or location of the launch, but said the monkey returned to earth safely.
Iran has long said it seeks to send an astronaut into space as part of its ambitious aerospace program, including plans for a new space center announced last year. In 2010, Iran said it launched an Explorer rocket into space carrying a mouse, turtle and worms.
The U.S. and its allies worry that technology from the space program could also be used to develop long-range missiles that could potentially be armed with nuclear warheads. Iran denied it seeks atomic weapons and claims it is pursuing nuclear reactors only for energy and medical applications.
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aerospace
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https://www.2paxfly.com/2021/03/01/rex-regional-express-starts-flying-domestic-routes-today/
| 2023-12-02T18:57:45 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100448.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202172159-20231202202159-00264.warc.gz
| 0.95721 | 163 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__66445536
|
en
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REX: Regional Express starts flying domestic routes today
REX, formerly just a regional player, starts its new life as a domestic airline today with the inaugural Sydney to Melbourne route.
Using 2 Boeing 737-800 aircraft formerly flown by Virgin Australia, it has commenced the first of its planned domestic routes. It came out fighting offering AU$49 one way fares, and business fare specials of AU$199.
I wrote a post earlier about how Rex’s ‘mid market’ pricing has upset the other two players – Virgin Australia and Qantas/Jetstar.
I should be flying with them today, but with Melbourne lockdowns and some other uncertainties, I had to cancel. I hope to fly with them soon.
Image courtesy of REX/Twitter/ Kurt Ams
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aerospace
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http://actv7news.com/2019/03/28/ethiopian-official-says-737-max-plane-crash-report-due-this.html
| 2019-07-18T02:41:55 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195525483.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20190718022001-20190718044001-00309.warc.gz
| 0.954271 | 637 |
CC-MAIN-2019-30
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__64205628
|
en
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Ethiopian official says 737 Max plane crash report due this week
- Author: Jon Douglas Mar 28, 2019,
Mar 28, 2019, 0:58
The FAA certified the Boeing 737 Max jet in 2017 and let it keep flying after a deadly crash in October in Indonesia that investigators believe may be related to a new flight-control system that pushed the plane's nose down repeatedly.
On Monday, Ethiopian Airlines' CEO Tewolde Gebremariam said the pilots who flew the plane that crashed on the outskirts of the capital, Addis Ababa, had trained on "all appropriate simulators", rejecting reports that they had not been adequately prepared to handle the new aircraft.
Southwest Airlines flight 1117 from St. Louis lands at Boston Logan International Airport on March 13, 2019.
In a statement at the time, the EASA said: "Following the tragic accident of Ethiopian Airlines flight ET302 involving a Boeing 737 MAX 8, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is taking every step necessary to ensure the safety of passengers".
Investigators have drawn similarities between the flight data from that crash and the Ethiopian Airlines crash earlier this month that killed 157 people.
Officials from across the aviation world will convene at Boeing's sprawling production facility outside of Seattle Wednesday as the company tries to restore industry confidence in its safety protocols and the airworthiness of its signature plane, which was downed twice under apparently similar circumstances in the past six months.
Acting FAA Administrator Dan Elwell will tell Wednesday's Senate Commerce subcommittee that the agency's oversight approach must "evolve" following the crashes, according to written testimony viewed by Reuters. The company is expected to outline changes to software that controls a system created to automatically prevent a mid-flight stall. It was the second fatal crash involving the airplane model in the past five months.
"The traveling public needs assurances that the FAA will only recertify the aircraft for flight if and when the FAA, outside safety and technical experts, and pilots agree the aircraft is safe to fly", DeFazio (D-Ore.) said.
Southwest 8701, which was occupied by a pair of pilots and no passengers, took off from Orlando just before 3 p.m. local time, a spokesperson for the airline told Global News.
A Boeing spokesman said the company was "aware of the incident and supporting our customer".
United States airlines are allowed to shuttle the planes but can not carry passengers.
"In all cases pilots continue to have the ability to manually override MCAS and manually control the aircraft", he said.
He said the committee needs to understand what happened with the crashes, how the FAA determined that the Max was airworthy, and "take action to keep something like these tragic crashes from occurring again".
The system created to down the plane's nose, when it reaches beyond normal angles of attack, is one of the main suspected reasons that led to the two crashes of 737 MAX planes over the last half a year.
The Federal Aviation Administration delegates much of the work of airplane certification to manufacturers such as Boeing under a decades-old process.
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aerospace
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https://greatgreenwedding.com/when-was-the-yorktown-decommissioned/
| 2023-09-29T01:19:50 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510462.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20230928230810-20230929020810-00033.warc.gz
| 0.929801 | 722 |
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__138888210
|
en
|
When was the Yorktown decommissioned?
How many died on the USS Yorktown?
the Royal Navy
Which country has the best air force in ww2?
the United States
Which is the strongest fighter jet in the world?
Which country has the best fighter pilots?
17 Countries With A Super Strong Air ForceGermany. India. France. China. United Kingdom. Israel. Russia. One of the 3 superpowers on this list, Russia has one of the world’s most powerful air forces. United States. The most powerful Air Force on this list.
Who has the best air force in the world 2020?
Top 5 most powerful Air Force in the world for 2020#5 – Japan. Photo credit: Getty Images / AFP. Ad. #4 – India. Photo credit: Wikipedia. India possesses predominantly outdated aircraft, mainly Soviet-made (although there are French, British, and own developments). #3 – China. Photo credit: Wikipedia. #2 – Russia. Photo credit: Wikipedia. #1 – USA. Photo credit: Wikipedia.
Is the f22 or f35 better?
While the F-22 is superior to the F-35 in air-to-air missions, the F-35’s air-to-air capability is superior to all other fighters. The F-35 is better than any other fighter aircraft, including the F-22, for air-to-ground strike missions.
Can f35 beat f22?
The answer is that the F-35 cannot match the F-22 as an air superiority fighter—it was never designed as such. The U.S. Air Force’s original plan was for the F-22 to be its high-end air superiority fighter while the F-35 was designed to be primarily an air-to-ground strike aircraft, but one which could defend itself.
Why was f22 Cancelled?
In 2009, the program was cut to 187 operational production aircraft due to high costs, a lack of clear air-to-air missions due to delays in Russian and Chinese fighter programs, a ban on exports, and development of the more versatile F-35. The last F-22 was delivered in 2012.
What is the best fighter jet in the world 2020?
Here in this post, we will see the top best fighter jet in the world today in 2020:Sukhoi Su-57.Chengdu J-20. Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. Sukhoi Su-35. Eurofighter Typhoon. Origin: Germany. Dassault Rafale. Origin: France. General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon. Origin: United States. Mikoyan MiG-35. Origin: Russia.
Who is the world’s best fighter?
As of 2016, the Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor is the only operational 5th generation fighter jet, worldwide. It is a stealth air superiority fighter and almost invisible to radars. The F-22 is not only the most advanced but also the most expensive production fighter aircraft to date.
What will replace the f22?
The F-22’s replacement, currently known as “Penetrating Counter Air,” will take shape in much the same way. It will also probably be supersonic, and able to actively defeat enemy sensors in a similar manner to the F-22 and F-35.
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aerospace
|
http://www.energyinsight.info/solar_impulse_maiden_flight.html
| 2018-02-17T19:45:35 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891807660.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20180217185905-20180217205905-00517.warc.gz
| 0.925155 | 469 |
CC-MAIN-2018-09
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__90945812
|
en
|
Successful Maiden flight for Solar Impulse
|Solar Impulse on its maiden flight.|
On April 7, 2010, a 10:27 local time, the Solar Impulse HB-SIA took off from Payerne (VD) airfield on its maiden flight.
Under the eyes of thousands of spectators from all over Switzerland, Solar Impulse HB-SIA slowly climbed up to 1200 meters. The next 87 minutes Solar Impulse test pilot Markus Scherdel spent familiarizing himself with the prototype’s flight behaviour and performing the initial flight exercises before making the first landing on the Vaudois tarmac. The execution of these various manoeuvres (turns, simulating the approach phase) was designed to get a feel for the aircraft and verify its controllability.
“This first flight was for me a very intense moment!” exclaimed Solar Impulse test pilot Markus Scherdel, still under the emotion of the event, on stepping down from the aircraft. “The HB-SIA behaved just as the flight simulator told us! Despite its immense size and feather weight, the aircraft’s controllability matches our expectations!”
“This first mission was the most risky phase of the entire project. 1h27 of intense emotion after 7 years of research, testing and perseverance. Never has an airplane as large and light ever flown before! The aim was to verify the prototype’s behaviour in flight and to test its reaction to various manoeuvres. The success of this first flight allows us to envisage the further program with greater serenity!” said a delighted Andre Borschberg, CEO and co-founder of the project.
“We still have a long way to go until the night flights and an even longer way before flying round the world, but today, thanks to the extraordinary work of an entire team, an essential step towards achieving our vision has been taken”, adds Solar Impulse Chairman and initiator Bertrand Piccard. “Our future depends on our ability to convert rapidly to the use of renewable energies. Solar Impulse is intended to demonstrate what can be done already today by using these energies and applying new technologies that can save natural resources.”
Read Electric Vehicle Technology Explained from Amazon.
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aerospace
|
https://planetavgeek.co.uk/events/malta-aviation-conference-expo/
| 2021-12-03T19:13:42 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362918.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20211203182358-20211203212358-00638.warc.gz
| 0.914927 | 178 |
CC-MAIN-2021-49
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__182228491
|
en
|
Malta Aviation Conference Expo
Malta is fast becoming Europe’s favourite aviation jurisdiction with airlines setting up in Malta. The Maltese aircraft register has now exceeded the 300 aircraft milestone and more than 35 airlines call Malta home. Important MRO’s have setup in Malta and more are expected to follow suit.
The Malta Aviation Conference Expo – MACE – is the largest aviation conference and exhibition of its kind in Malta. With the support of numerous ministries and associations such as Malta’s Ministry of Transport, the Transport Malta’s Civil Aviation Directorate, the Malta Business Aviation Association (MBAA) and the European Business Aviation Association (EBAA) and its ‘Expanding Horizon’s Campaign’, MACE has become an exceptional aviation event and a must attend for all industry experts interested in an overview of the aviation industry and its outlook.
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aerospace
|
https://community.agriculture.com/t5/Precision-Agriculture/FAA-Says-No-To-UAS-For-Farming/td-p/511188
| 2020-12-03T23:03:44 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141732835.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20201203220448-20201204010448-00066.warc.gz
| 0.957652 | 224 |
CC-MAIN-2020-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__2148905
|
en
|
FAA Says No To UAS For Farming
The FAA published a request for comment and interpretation of law that says that using a model airplane, which is considered an unmanned aerial sysstem (UAS) in support of a commercial operation such as your farm is not legal without specific FAA authorization.
Over the past few years, I've seen a number of demonstrations of UAS "drones" by vendors who claim that the farmer can use them on his farm for crop scouting and similar operations under the provisions of the exemption for model airplanes. The FAA specfically says "No".
"Any operation not conducted strictly for hobby or recreation purposes could not be operated under the special rule for model aircraft. Clearly, commercial operations would not be hobby or recreation flights.5 Likewise, flights that are in furtherance of a business, or incidental to a person’s business, would not be a hobby or recreation flight."
The FAA goes on to give specific examples that include use in farming.
Here is the 17 page interpretation. It is also a request for comment so feel free to post your recommendations.
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aerospace
|
https://mbs.isolutions.iso.org/standard/37278.html?browse=tc
| 2023-09-29T06:49:51 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510498.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20230929054611-20230929084611-00406.warc.gz
| 0.821544 | 272 |
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__14148438
|
en
|
ISO 15859-3:2004 specifies limits for the composition of nitrogen and establishes the sampling and test requirements applicable for the verification of nitrogen composition.
ISO 15859-3:2004 is applicable to nitrogen, used in both flight hardware and ground facilities, systems and equipment, of the following types and grades of nitrogen: Type I, gaseous (Grade A: purging/pressurizing, Grade B: crew breathing, Grade C, Grade F, Grade J) and Type II, liquid (Grade A: purging/pressurizing, Grade B: crew breathing, Grade C, Grade F).
ISO 15859-3:2004 is applicable to influents only within the specified limits.
ISO 15859-3:2004 is applicable to any sampling operation required to ensure that, when the fluid enters the launch vehicle or spacecraft, the fluid composition complies with the limits provided hereafter or with any technical specification agreed to for a particular use.
Status: PublishedPublication date: 2004-06
Edition: 1Number of pages: 10
Technical Committee: ISO/TC 20/SC 14 Space systems and operations
Buy this standard
|std 1 61|
|std 2 61||Paper|
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aerospace
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https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2023/05/31/quetta-intl-airport-made-operational-after-upgradation-of-main-runway/
| 2023-09-28T01:00:37 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510334.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927235044-20230928025044-00534.warc.gz
| 0.9416 | 178 |
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__83304746
|
en
|
QUETTA: The first Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) flight landed at the Quetta International airport on Wednesday after the upgradation of its main runway.
As per the details, PIA flight PK-325 landed at Quetta International airport from Islamabad at 6:20 am after the airport was made operational.
The runway has the capacity to accommodate wide-body aircraft such as Boeing 777 and other passenger planes.
The airport manager and project director were present at the time of the landing of the flight at the main runway.
The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) sources said taxiway and apron area have also been expanded besides installation of modern equipment for flight management at Quetta airport.
The modification will facilitate Balochistan citizens to avail travel services of the national flag-carrier Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) and other airlines during Hajj operations.
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aerospace
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https://library.keldysh.ru/preprint.asp?lg=e&id=2005-96
| 2022-05-24T15:21:11 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662573053.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220524142617-20220524172617-00442.warc.gz
| 0.95602 | 297 |
CC-MAIN-2022-21
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__221483648
|
en
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Determination of the spacecraft Foton M-2 attitude motion on measurements of the Earth magnetic field
The preprint presents the results of
reconstruction of the Foton M-2 attitude motion during its uncontrolled flight 31.5 - 16.06.2005. The reconstruction was carried out by processing onboard measurements of the Earth magnetic field strength. The measurement data were accumulated continually during the most part of the flight, but the processing procedure dealt with data segments, which had length 270 min. The measurement data on each such segment were processed simultaneously by means of the least squares method and integration of the spacecraft attitude motion equations. The estimates of the mathematical model parameters and initial conditions of the attitude motion were obtained as a
result of such processing. The results of
processing several segments above made clear the motion during the flight. The motion began with very small angular rates, but then it became faster and proved to be close to Euler's regular precession of an axially symmetric rigid body. In the last day of magnetic filed measurements
09.06.2005, the spacecraft angular rate around its longitudinal axis was equal 1.1 deg./s, projection of the angular rate vector onto the plane perpendicular to that axis was equal 0.11 deg./s. Deflections of the longitudinal axis from the normal to the spacecraft orbital plane did not exceed 60°. The estimations of real
quasi-steady acceleration component on board the spacecraft were obtained.
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aerospace
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http://www.dcdvtoday.com/dji-officially-releases-the-drone-dji-air-2s-starting-at-cny6499/
| 2023-09-28T21:45:02 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510454.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20230928194838-20230928224838-00576.warc.gz
| 0.933575 | 232 |
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__130596004
|
en
|
At least one new drone product a year, DJI always challenges itself in this field. Mavic has always been the product line that most consumers choose to enter the pit, and there is no reason for DJI. A few days ago, DJI officially released its new drone product DJI Air 2S, with a price starting at CNY 6,499.
Although the model released this time is not the Pro series, this Air 2S simply rubs almost all consumer drones on the ground. 1 inch sensor, 10bit Dlog-M mode, RAW photos with up to 12.6 stops of dynamic range, DJI O3’s 12km image transmission, master lens, APAS 4.0 up and down front and rear obstacle avoidance, ADS-B manned aircraft avoidance, 5.4K 30P highest Video specifications, etc., are enough to prove that it is powerful enough.
The price of the DJI Air 2S stand-alone is CNY6,499, and the Sanden Changfei package is CNY8,399. Friends who are interested in aerial photography can start decisively.
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aerospace
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https://www.120thairliftwing.ang.af.mil/News/Photos/igphoto/2002939230/
| 2023-06-07T09:54:26 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224653631.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20230607074914-20230607104914-00584.warc.gz
| 0.810811 | 306 |
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__48762395
|
en
|
C-130H Hercules aircraft assigned to the 120th Airlift Wing, Montana Air National Guard fly over Great Falls, Mont. Oct. 3, 2020 The six ship formation mission tested the tactical capabilities of the the 120th Airlift Wing and the Montana Air National Guard.(courtesy photo by Maj. Melissa Martin)
Tech Sgt. Devin Doskey
24.0-120.0 mm f/4.0
No camera details available.
IMAGE IS PUBLIC DOMAIN
This photograph is considered public domain and has been cleared for release.
If you would like to republish please give the photographer appropriate credit.
Further, any commercial or non-commercial use of this photograph or any other
DoD image must be made in compliance with guidance found at
which pertains to intellectual property restrictions (e.g., copyright and
trademark, including the use of official emblems, insignia, names and slogans), warnings
regarding use of images of identifiable personnel, appearance of endorsement, and related matters.
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aerospace
|
http://commercialoverprints.com/british-overseas-airways-corporation/
| 2017-09-23T11:46:09 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818689624.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170923104407-20170923124407-00602.warc.gz
| 0.960136 | 188 |
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__158673456
|
en
|
British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) was the British state-owned airline created in 1940 by the merger of Imperial Airways and British Airways Ltd. On 1st April 1940 BOAC started operations as a single company.
BOAC aircraft kept wartime Britain connected with its colonies and the free world, often under enemy fire, and initially desperate shortages of long-range aircraft. At the end of the war BOAC’s aircraft, bases and personnel were scattered around the world, and it took a decade to reorganise it into an efficient unit at Heathrow.
In 1952 BOAC was the first airline to introduce a passenger jet into airline service. This was the de Havilland Comet which flew to Johannesburg and Tokyo. In 1958 BOAC operated the first transatlantic jet service with the larger and longer-range Comet 4.
In 1971 BOAC merged with British European Airways to form today’s British Airways.
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aerospace
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http://www.thebunsenburner.com/news/solar-storms-could-be-unprecedented/
| 2018-10-17T02:13:20 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583510932.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20181017002502-20181017024002-00186.warc.gz
| 0.945163 | 897 |
CC-MAIN-2018-43
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__84613161
|
en
|
NASA officials said Wednesday that Earth is likely to face a barrage of increasingly common solar storms over the course of 2012 and 2013.
The solar storm, which is technically known as a coronal mass ejection (CME), is a massive eruption of solar plasma into space. The storm is expected spark major and moderate geomagnetic storms at high latitudes on Wednesday and Thursday, said officials on Wednesday.
The storm could interrupt cell phone use in a number of countries, however, it remains unclear what effect the solar storm will have on everyday life. Experts says the storm is likely to cause temporary radio blackouts in some areas. Scientists at NASA and NOAA say they have provided warnings to electric companies, spacecraft operators, and airline pilots before a CME comes to Earth so that these groups can take proper precautions.
An avalanche of blackouts carried across continents by long-distance power lines could last for weeks to months as engineers struggle to repair damaged transformers, NASA officials say. Planes and ships could face problems with GPS, and banking and financial networks might go offline.
The Sun often ejects billions of tons of hot plasma, at speeds up to 5 million miles per hour, bathing the solar system in large doses of radiation. Scientists say they upcoming solar storm is just one of many upcoming flares that are part of a larger increase in activity in the Sun, which runs in 11-year cycles. The latest storm is expected to peak around 2013, say experts.
That said, the storm is likely to put on quite a show for stargazers. Officials at NASA said the solar storm would produce some unprecedented auroras, noting that astronomers should be on the look out.
“There’s a 20-40 percent chance of geomagnetic storms!” tweeted NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory team today. “If you live at a high latitude, look out for #auroras today.”
The space agency has taken an interest in reports of solar storms in recent months. In a statement released earlier this year, NASA downplayed fears of an increase in solar storm activity, saying internet reports were little more than hype.
NASA officials have long prepared for the increased solar activity. Speaking at the annual Space Weather Enterprise Forum earlier this year, NASA officials said they have conducted a number of tests to research the impact of a major solar storm, noting that an increased dependency on technology could present challenges for millions around the world.
“A similar storm today might knock us for a loop,” said Lika Guhathakurta, a solar physicist at NASA headquarters. “Modern society depends on high-tech systems such as smart power grids, GPS, and satellite communications–all of which are vulnerable to solar storms.”
Space agency officials say they often coordinate with companies maintaining electric grids and other major systems that could be impacted by massive solar flares.
“We can now track the progress of solar storms in 3 dimensions as the storms bear down on Earth,” noted Michael Hesse, chief of the GSFC Space Weather Lab. “This sets the stage for actionable space weather alerts that could preserve power grids and other high-tech assets during extreme periods of solar activity.”
While NASA officials said the solar storm poses little danger to planet earth, it remains unclear how Mars will handle the situation. While Earth’s magnetic field is able to absorb the incoming charged particles, Mars does not have currently have such a global geomagnetic field to deflect the energy.
In a statement released Tuesday, NASA officials said the upcoming solar storm may be on par with a massive storm in September of 1859. On the eve of a below-average solar cycle, the sun unleashed one of the most powerful storms in centuries. The underlying flare was so unusual, researchers note they still remain unsure how to categorize it.
It remains unclear whether astronauts working at the International Space Station will be required to take precautions. “Astronauts are routinely exposed to four times as much radiation as industrial radiation workers on Earth,” he says. “It’s a serious occupational hazard.”
NASA keeps careful track of each astronaut’s accumulated dosage throughout their careers. Every launch, every space walk, every solar flare is carefully accounted for. Astronauts are routinely exposed to four times as much radiation as industrial radiation workers on Earth.
|
aerospace
|
https://cfc.aero/instrument-rating-conversion/
| 2024-04-15T01:50:29 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816939.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415014252-20240415044252-00467.warc.gz
| 0.924178 | 163 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__116820341
|
en
|
To obtain a Canadian Instrument Rating, the following requirement must be met: An applicant wishing to obtain an Instrument Rating, to be endorsed on the CPL-A, must meet the knowledge and skill requirements set out in the CARs by successfully completing the written examination (INRAT), and successfully completing a flight test.
INRAT written exam cost $35 to write, study guides and books are about $150, ground school cost about $225, the best option is online ground school . Flight test cost $350 + the airplane rental.
The amount of training or practice prior to the flight test depends on the pilotís currency and ability.
Licencing fee is $30. With a pilot who is current and proficient, the above will take about 1 week.
|
aerospace
|
http://www.sears.ca/product/helisphere8482-radio-controlled-helicopter/616-000455196-22008
| 2015-05-29T02:39:21 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207929832.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113209-00155-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.871124 | 205 |
CC-MAIN-2015-22
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-22__0__84455723
|
en
|
Experience the thrill of RC like never before with the HeliSphere™ Radio-Controlled Helicopter! This hi-tech heli features an innovative, 360° roll cage that allows it to bounce off walls, ceilings, furniture and more without sustaining damage or stopping the flight! Gyro-stabilized technology ensures smooth and controlled flights, while the 3-channel remote doubles as a handy charger.
Innovative circular roll cage makes the HeliSphere™ virtually indestructible during flight!
Heli smoothly bounces off walls, ceilings, furniture and other obstacles while maintaining flight a smooth flight path
Features 3-channel, infrared control for a precise flight (up and down; left and right; forward and backward)
Internal gyro and digital proportional control ensure steady operation
Controller doubles as a convenient portable charger
Requires 6 "AA" batteries (not included)
Recommended for ages 12 years and up
Contains small pieces which can pose a choking hazard; not suitable for children under 3 years
|
aerospace
|
https://www.spectroom.com/102239519-spacex-dragon
| 2022-07-05T04:32:22 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104512702.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220705022909-20220705052909-00298.warc.gz
| 0.694348 | 238 |
CC-MAIN-2022-27
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__166110396
|
en
|
Inside SpaceX's Crew Dragon Capsule | Space Launch LIVE
Crew Dragon | Animation
SpaceX Dragon V2 | Flight Animation
Crew Dragon‘s Second Demonstration Mission
Mission Highlights: SpaceX's Dragon Makes History
Dragon is a reusable cargo spacecraft developed by SpaceX, an American private space transportation company. Dragon is launched into orbit by the company's Falcon 9 two-stage-to-orbit launch vehicle.
Space and astronomy
Explore contextually related video stories in a new eye-catching way. Try Combster now!
Puff, the Magic Dragon
Peter, Paul and Mary
Variants and derivatives
List of missions
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aerospace
|
https://ramem.com/componentes-para-espacio/?lang=en
| 2022-08-09T11:37:15 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00707.warc.gz
| 0.82951 | 347 |
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__111288582
|
en
|
RAMEM supplies flight parts and components according to the technical specifications of its customers and performs precision machining on a variety of different materials: titanium, Invar, stainless steels, special alloys, technopolymers, etc., as well as thermal-cryogenic cycling to guarantee the dimensional stability of critical parts.
The flight parts and components form part of the supply chain for a variety of different projects:
- REMS “Rover Environmental Monitoring Station” for the NASA MARS SCIENCE LABORATORY -“CURIOSITY” rover
- APM “Antenna Pointing Mechanism” for the ENVISAT satellite
- OMC “Optical Monitoring Camera” for the INTEGRAL satellite
- TRIBOLAB, Spanish tribology experiment on the INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
- Other programmes such as: “Focal Plane Assembly” for the “PLATO Mission”, “Hold-Down and Release HRM”, “Coarse Lateral Sensor” for the “Elegant GreadBoard EBB” project, “Fourier Transform Scanning Mechanisms” for the “SPICA/SAFARI” project
Manufacturing of a variety of antennae and waveguides for our space clients.
Furthermore, RAMEM’s sister company ARQUIMEA is a European reference supplier of space-qualified actuators and mechanisms. ARQUIMEA provides custom and off-the-shelf devices such as Hold-Down and Release Mechanisms (HDRMs), linear and rotary actuators, or deployment mechanisms.
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aerospace
|
https://www.mlive.com/news/2019/06/spectacular-view-of-mercury-mars-should-be-visible-after-sunset-later-this-month.html
| 2019-08-23T16:06:32 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027318894.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20190823150804-20190823172804-00496.warc.gz
| 0.949931 | 280 |
CC-MAIN-2019-35
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__45168698
|
en
|
While they certainly won’t be the brightest planets in the sky, Mercury and Mars should be briefly visible after sunset on June 17, 18 and 19 for an opportunity at a “spectacular” sight.
NASA says that the two planets will appear ultra-close together just after sunset on these aforementioned days. EarthySky reports that during this period, Mercury and Mars will have the closest conjunction of two planets in all of 2019.
Conjunction in astronomy is described as when two planets, asteroids, moons or other space objects appear to be close together in the sky as observed from Earth.
“You’ll need a pretty clear view of the western horizon to catch them, as the pair will be only a few degrees above it (and the farther north you are, the lower they’ll be),” NASA writes on its website.
“But it should be spectacular if you can manage it.”
EarthSky says that Mercury is much brighter than Mars, and that binoculars might be needed to spot the Red Planet if weather conditions don’t cooperate.
The two planets are expected to enter conjunction on June 18, which is when Mercury will outshine Mars by four times the brightness.
Sunset is projected to occur around 9:12 p.m. on June 17, 18 and 19 in Michigan.
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aerospace
|
https://dsiac.org/articles/misconfigured-communications-equipment-prevents-rocket-labs-first-test-rocket-from-reaching-orbit/
| 2023-12-07T03:39:22 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100632.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20231207022257-20231207052257-00457.warc.gz
| 0.961016 | 224 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__155349820
|
en
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Aerospace startup Rocket Lab says it knows why the first test launch of its small rocket failed to reach orbit in May. The failure had nothing to do with the rocket itself, but instead the mission was terminated early because of a problem with ground equipment supporting the launch. Now that Rocket Lab knows what happened, the company says there’s an easy fix and will take corrective measures so the failure doesn’t happen again.
The May test launch — dubbed “It’s a Test” — was the first flight ever of Rocket Lab’s Electron rocket. The vehicle, which launches from New Zealand, has been under development for the last four years, and Rocket Lab is now finally doing full-scale test flights through the end of the year. Ultimately, the Electron is capable of carrying payloads between 330 and 500 pounds into orbit, and is specifically geared toward launching small satellites. Rocket Lab plans to sell launches on the vehicle for $4.9 million per flight, a cheap price tag compared to other larger commercial rockets that run tens to hundreds of millions of dollars.
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aerospace
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https://www.stem.org.uk/mission-x
| 2017-05-23T01:00:30 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463607245.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170523005639-20170523025639-00045.warc.gz
| 0.904154 | 159 |
CC-MAIN-2017-22
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-22__0__165039544
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Mission X 2017
Train like an astronaut
About Mission X
Mission X is an international project led by the UK Space Agency, NASA and ESA and involving 29 different countries.
Mission X participants learn principles of healthy eating and exercise, compete for points by finishing training modules, and get excited about the world's future in space and the educational possibilities for their own future.
Students will practice scientific reasoning and teamwork while participating in hands-on training missions targeting strength, endurance, coordination, balance, spatial awareness, and more. Train Like an Astronaut mission activities include Base Station Walkback, Crew Strength Training, Do a Spacewalk and Space Roll and Roll. Educational science modules include Living Bones, Strong Bones, Hydration Station, Energy of an Astronaut, Reduced Gravity, Low Fat.
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aerospace
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https://bettyflies.org/bettys-fliers
| 2019-09-20T06:31:24 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573832.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20190920050858-20190920072858-00213.warc.gz
| 0.970294 | 830 |
CC-MAIN-2019-39
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__96099379
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en
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Pilots who owe their involvement in aviation to Betty
Testimonials From Betty’s Fliers
“My name is Matt Stege and I won the Betty Pfister scholarship in high school and it forever changed my life.
After barely getting through middle school in both grades and discipline, I arrived in high school with a loss of purpose and direction. Sure I played sports, but scholastically I had no motivation or desire. And that lack of motivation was showing in my grades as I was coming home with C’s and a dismal GPA.
That all changed on my 14th birthday, when my parents gave me an introductory flight lesson in a Cessna 172 at the aspen airport. I remember that day like it was yesterday; the sound of the engine starting and listening to air traffic control. I remember the exhilarating feeling of the plane lifting off the ground, and the true sense of freedom flying an airplane. It was the biggest spark of passion and excitement you could give a 14 year old.
My life has never been the same. I was immediately hooked and as Leonardo da Vinci said, ”Once you have tasted flight, you will forever walk the earth with your eyes turned skyward, for there you have been, and there you will always long to return”.
I finally found a purpose and passion! I immediately started working at Aspen Base Operations, the local FBO at the time, to be closer to aviation and to start working my way into the industry. But even with a discount on flight lessons for working there, I could not afford to fly.
Then came the Betty Pfister Scholarship. When I first heard about it, I thought people were joking and that I didn’t stand a chance at winning it. But my parents convinced me to apply and thankfully I won one of the scholarships. That gave me the opportunity to pursue my ultimate dream. I started flying regularly and the scholarship paid my way to solo my first airplane at 16.
I continued to follow my dream, getting my private pilots license, then attending an aeronautical university where I finished my training. After flight instructing out of the Aspen airport, I was hired by a regional airline. I am now a pilot for a major airline flying internationally and loving every minute of it.
I am truly grateful for the Betty Pfister scholarship and the incredible opportunity it provided me. It lit the spark a 14 year old needed to accomplish his dream.”
“At 17 years old, in 2000, I received the Betty Pfister scholarship for flight lessons through a solo flight, and almost twenty years later, much of my personal life and career revolves around aviation.
The scholarship was the push that jump-started my dreams of flying and being an aerospace engineer. My mother’s family has a history of aviation, with a Grandfather who was a WWII Navy Pilot Instructor and then a crop duster, an Uncle who was an F-16 fighter pilot and Delta pilot, and a cousin who was an Air Force pilot. I grew up getting rides in little 2-seat airplanes, so the seed was planted very young, but our family was less aviation centric and getting a Private Pilot’s in Aspen seemed daunting.
The scholarship allowed me to pursue it as a catalyst both motivationally and financially. I continued on after the scholarship to get the PPL, and then went to college at Stanford University to study aerospace engineering. Soon after, I went to the renowned experiment airplane design shop, Scaled Composites, as an engineer to design experimental aircraft under Burt Rutan, and then onto SpaceX to design rockets.
I am considering rejoining the aviation world again soon in the electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) space, so may be back in the aviation fold full time, and hope I can make my own lasting impact. I have no doubt that this scholarship played a large roll in kicking off my career in aerospace, and am always grateful for it.”
— Jamie Gull
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aerospace
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https://www.recoverycurios.com/westland-wessex
| 2023-12-01T15:49:36 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100290.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201151933-20231201181933-00361.warc.gz
| 0.956272 | 1,383 |
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en
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In the late 1950s, the British Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm placed a tender for a helicopter that could be used across a broad range of operations including anti-submarine warfare, marine reconnaissance and search and rescue.
The Royal Marines were also keen for the aircraft, or a variant of it, to be used as a troop transport and rapid deployment platform - operating from the navy’s amphibious assault ships
In 1956 a US built Sikorsky H-34 helicopter was provided to the British government to be used as a starting point in the development of a British sourced helicopter to be built under licence by Westland Aircraft.
Westland replaced the original piston-engine with a single Napier Gazelle turboshaft engine and after further modifications, an initial order of Wessex HAS.1s were delivered to the Royal Navy in 1961.
The Gazelle engine allowed for rapid starting and its turbo-charged output gave the Wessex a greater load carrying capacity whilst also making it quieter and significantly reducing traditional helicopter airframe vibration.
The RAF variant, the HC - 2 was a high-performance development of the Mk 1, with twin Bristol Siddeley Gnome turboshaft engines.
Intended as an air transport, ambulance and general purpose helicopter, the HC-2 could carry 16 battle-equipped troops or a 4000lb underslung load (such as a 105mm Pak Howitzer) whilst also providing air to ground troop support with its Nord SS-11 anti-tank missiles and machine guns.
The HC-2 began service with No 18 Squadron at RAF Odiham, in 1964, with 71 delivered and soon became a familiar sight on anti-terrorist operations in Northern Ireland, as well as supporting UN Peacekeeping forces in Cyprus.
With increasingly more sophisticated Soviet submarines taking to sea, the Royal Navy began replacing their original anti-submarine HAS 1s with an improved variant featuring additional radar capacity, more advanced electronics and weaponry systems as well as a power-plant upgrade to the same twin Gnome turboshaft engines that had been installed in the RAF's HC-2s.
Many of the original RN HAS 1’s were modified further with the addition of an ‘over-door' mounted winch designed for maritime and mountain search & rescue (SAR). These were operated by the RAF’s SAR units and kept on permanent standby around Britain - being able to respond to any emergency within 15 min, within 40 miles of the British coast.
A 'commando assault' variant, the Wessex HU5, was also developed as a battlefield transportation helicopter.
Deployed from the RN's amphibious assault ships, the HU5’s twin Rolls-Royce Gnome engines provided nearly double the power of the original HAS1 model and significantly expanded the aircraft's operational range in a wider range of conditions.
Wessex squadrons often flew in support of British Army operations and in large-scale helicopter assault operations, they could be escorted by the RAF's Hawker Harriers.
This was most clearly demonstrated during the Falklands War in 1982 when 55 Wessex HU.5s accompanied the British landing forces in the South Atlantic.
On 21 May 1982, 845 Squadron's Wessex HU.5s supported British landings on East Falkland with the transportation and insertion of British special forces, including members of the Special Air Service (SAS) and the Special Boat Service (SBS).
Nine Wessex (eight HU.5s and one HAS.3) helicopters were lost during the Falklands campaign.
Two HU.5s of 845 Squadron crashed on the Fortuna Glacier in South Georgia during an attempt to extricate members of the SAS; six of 848 Squadron's Wessex HU.5s were lost when the container ship Atlantic Conveyor was sunk and the HAS.3 aboard HMS Glamorgan was destroyed when the ship was struck by an Exocet missile.
The Australian RAN had also been impressed with the Westland Wessex and in April 1961, had followed the British lead by selecting it to become their standard naval service helicopter. In September 1963, they received the first two of 27 Wessex Helicopters for anti-submarine patrols, evacuations and naval transportation duties.
This was a major shift for the RAN Fleet Air air who had been in the process of converting the aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne to an anti-submarine platform.
In typical carrier operations, a Wessex would be deployed during the launch and recovery of fixed-wing aircraft as a guard helicopter and during anti-submarine patrols, one Wessex would remain airborne to actively screen the ship while a second fully armed helicopter prepared for operations. This twin role was used during troop transport deployments by HMAS Sydney in Vietnam during the 1960s.
Search and rescue missions became another valued role and in 1974, multiple Wessex helicopters participated in the relief efforts in Darwin in the aftermath of Cyclone Tracy.
With the retirement of the Australian aircraft carriers and a refocus on smaller, faster naval destroyers the Wessex proved to be too large to operate from the new vessels and although retained as a supply and troop transport, it was eventually replaced by the smaller but more advanced Westland Sea King, retiring from service in 1989.
Britain’s RAF continued to operate their Wessex helicopters in a search & rescue capacity both in the UK and in Cyprus up until their retirement in 2003.
Many thanks to RAAF Gp Capt Nigel Ward for the use of some of these Wessex HC-2 images.
As well as offering either the standard 1/72 or larger 1/48 scale model to complete your Westland Wessex HC-2 Collectable Display, we are also delighted to be able to offer a rare and awesome, Super Scaled 1/32 model of this iconic RAF /RN helicopter. Click here for a quick look!
All Westland Wessex Instruments listed below come complete with detailed Scale Model, Mango Wood Stand & Plaque plus Printed Fact Sheet featuring photo of instrument in aircraft cockpit.
Return to VINTAGE ORIGINAL AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS
WESTLAND WESSEX HC-2 INCLINOMETER/SLIP INDICATOR
Rare Westland Wessex HC-2 Inclinometer/Slip indicator
WESTLAND WESSEX HC-2 ANTI COLLISION TAIL LAMP
Rare Westland Wessex HC-2 XR498 Anti-Collision Tail Lamp
WESTLAND WESSEX HC-2 EXHAUST TEMPERATURE GAUGE
Weston 6A/6685 Exhaust Temperature Indicator installed in the British RAF...
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aerospace
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https://www.wijkplatformnoordoost.nl/post/this-new-electric-flying-car-can-be-piloted-with-a-driver-s-license-and-it-will-fit-in-your-garage
| 2023-11-28T11:13:17 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679099281.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20231128083443-20231128113443-00548.warc.gz
| 0.912717 | 156 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
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en
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Miami-based Doroni has started to accept pre-orders for its “personal” flying machines. The company recently showed off the cockpit of its H1 aircraft at the EAA AirVenture in Wisconsin, using VR headsets to simulate takeoff, flight and landing.
Doroni is going after a different market than most eVTOL manufacturers, which are building air taxis for intra-city use. Instead, it’s targeting personal pilots, much like the Jetson, with an aircraft it claims will be intuitive and much easier to fly than a helicopter or conventional airplane.
Lees meer: https://robbreport.com/motors Door: Michael Verdon, 15-09-2022
Afbeelding: Courtesy Doroni
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aerospace
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http://ogpnetwork.com/all-electric-lilium-jet-celebrates-maiden-flight/
| 2019-05-20T03:20:10 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232255536.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20190520021654-20190520043654-00315.warc.gz
| 0.949449 | 701 |
CC-MAIN-2019-22
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__224332696
|
en
|
Lilium, the Munich-based startup growing a revolutionary on- demand air taxi service, right now revealed its new five-seater air taxi prototype for the primary time. The unveiling of the brand new Lilium Jet got here because the all-electric plane accomplished its maiden flight within the skies over Germany earlier this month.
The full-scale, full-weight prototype is powered by 36 all-electric jet engines that enable it to take-off and land vertically, whereas attaining remarkably environment friendly horizontal, or cruise, flight. The simplicity of the plane design, with no tail, no rudder, no propellers, no gearbox and just one shifting half within the engine not solely contributes to the protection and affordability of the plane, nevertheless it has additionally allowed the design workforce to focus their efforts on making a magical buyer expertise within the cabin, from panoramic home windows to gull-wing doorways.
With a high velocity of 300 km/h and a spread of 300km, the Lilium Jet is able to finishing for much longer journeys than the vast majority of its opponents. This is, partially, because of the mounted wing design of the plane. While drone-based plane eat a lot of their power keep- ing an plane within the air, the Lilium Jet can depend on the carry generated by the mounted wing to do that, which means it can require lower than ten p.c of its most 2000 horsepower throughout cruise flight. This effectivity, which is similar to the power utilization of an electrical automotive over the identical distance, means the plane wouldn’t simply be able to connecting suburbs to metropolis facilities and airports to foremost practice stations, however would additionally ship inexpensive high-speed connections throughout complete areas.
The Lilium Jet first took to the air at 08.03 native time on 4th May 2019, having accomplished in depth floor testing at Lilium’s HQ in Munich, Germany. The prototype plane, which is managed remotely from the bottom, has since begun a rigorous flight take a look at marketing campaign that can show its functionality and lay the foundations for certification of the plane to security requirements similar to these of enormous business plane.
Lilium plans to fabricate and function the Lilium Jet as a part of a revolutionary on-demand air taxi service. At the push of a button, passengers will be capable to use the Lilium app to find their nearest touchdown pad and plan their journey with ease. Choosing from a community of pads throughout cities and areas, passengers will take pleasure in journeys which can be comparable in worth with a taxi, but 4 occasions sooner. Lilium expects to be fully-operational in varied cities world wide by 2025, though trial providers will begin sooner than this in a number of places.
The newest five-seater Lilium Jet builds on the profitable flight testing of a two-seater prototype in 2017. The two-seater prototype supplied proof of idea for Lilium’s signature transition flight maneuver, the place the plane shifts from vertical to horizontal flight, and laid the groundwork for right now’s prototype.
The five-seater prototype will now enter a rigorous flight take a look at marketing campaign that can see it reveal its full vary of capabilities.
(Source and picture: Lilium)
The publish ALL-ELECTRIC LILIUM JET CELEBRATES MAIDEN FLIGHT appeared first on Energy Global News.
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aerospace
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https://takadeals.org/drone-meaning-project-ideas-and-startups/
| 2024-02-21T09:31:19 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473401.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221070402-20240221100402-00264.warc.gz
| 0.902863 | 2,684 |
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__87659079
|
en
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Decoding Drones: From “Drone Kya Hai” to Project Ideas and Startups
Exploring the world of drones unveils a trove of possibilities, prompting the question “Drone Kya Hai?” or “What is a drone?” Drones, often seen as harbingers of innovation, extend their reach into diverse applications, from aerial photography to advanced agriculture.
Startups and tech enthusiasts are decoding drones, transforming this curiosity into tangible project ideas and innovative startups. These ventures leverage drones’ versatility to address complex issues, offer logistic solutions, and promote environmental stewardship. The potential drones hold for these pioneering enterprises is vast, offering a bird’s-eye view of what’s on the horizon for technology and business.
The transition from understanding ‘Drone Kya Hai’ to launching a drone-focused startup symbolizes the growth of a tech-savvy culture ready to embrace the challenges and opportunities of the future. Advantages and laws play a crucial role in navigating this evolving landscape.
What is Drone? (Drone kya hai?)
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly referred to as drones, have completely changed sky exploration. “Drone kya hai?”—or “what is a drone?” These devices embody advanced engineering, capable of precision and autonomy that transform numerous industries.
Photography has been revolutionized by drones, offering new perspectives and unparalleled aerial shots. Their value extends into agriculture for crop monitoring, logistics for delivering packages, and disaster management for real-time risk assessments. As DJI dominates the market, it sets the standard for drone technology, shaping the industry’s trajectory.
Considering “drone kya hai” invites us to see drones as symbols of human innovation, seamlessly integrating into the tapestry of modern technology and expanding our reach into the skies. However, it’s essential to be aware of the disadvantages of relying too heavily on drones and the legal considerations, especially in India’s burgeoning drone startup landscape.
Drones Advantages and Disadvantages:
- Reach: Access hard-to-reach places.
- Cost: Generally cheaper than manned aircraft for many tasks.
- Safety: Reduce risks by taking on tasks that would be dangerous for humans.
- Efficiency: Complete certain tasks more quickly than humans.
- Data: Collect detailed information for various uses.
- Privacy: Potential for privacy invasion.
- Security: Can be used for unauthorized activities.
- Regulation: Complex and sometimes unclear laws.
Drones on Rent: Overview
- Accessibility: Drone rental services make it easier for people and organizations to gain access to drone technology without the upfront cost of acquiring a drone.
- Variety: Renters have access to a large selection of models that are appropriate for a variety of uses, including photography, surveying, and agricultural work.
- Cost-Effective: It is cost-effective for short-term needs or one-off projects.
- No Maintenance: Renters are not responsible for the maintenance or updates of the drones.
- Trial: It’s an excellent way to test different drones before deciding to purchase one.
- Professional Use: Businesses can use rental services to provide services like aerial photography or land surveying without significant investment.
Points to Consider:
- Insurance: Renters should ensure they have adequate insurance to cover potential damage or liability issues.
- Regulations: Renters must be aware of and comply with local drone regulations.
- Skill Level: Operating a drone requires skill, and renters should have the necessary experience or consider hiring a qualified pilot.
Drone Project Ideas: Innovations from the Sky
1. Captivating Aerial Photography: Drones revolutionize photography by capturing breathtaking aerial shots, making it an ideal project for photographers and filmmakers. Whether it’s for real estate showcases, landscape photography, or event filming, the sky’s the limit with drone imagery.
2. Precision Agriculture: Tech-savvy farmers and agronomists can leverage drones for precision agriculture projects. Drones equipped with advanced sensors can monitor crop health, improve farm efficiency, and reduce costs by providing detailed aerial views that traditional methods cannot.
3. Life-Saving Search and Rescue: Drones can be literal lifesavers. By equipping drones with thermal imaging cameras, search and rescue teams can locate missing persons in challenging terrains, making this a project that combines technology with humanitarian efforts.
4. Environmental Protection Initiatives: Conservationists can use drones for environmental monitoring projects. Drones make it possible to track wildlife populations, enforce anti-poaching measures, and monitor ecological changes without disturbing the natural habitat.
5. Groundbreaking 3D Mapping: Drones are transforming the surveying and mapping industry. Projects that focus on 3D mapping with drones can support urban planning, construction, and historical preservation efforts by providing accurate and detailed geographical data.
6. Disaster Response and Assessment: Quick disaster response is critical, and drones can be at the forefront. They can assess damage, locate survivors, and map out safe routes for rescue workers, proving invaluable for disaster management and mitigation projects.
7. Educational Tools and Programs: Drones can take STEM education to new heights. Educational projects can introduce students to the principles of flight, robotics, and programming, preparing the next generation of innovators.
8. Futuristic Delivery Networks: The future of logistics may well involve drones. Projects that explore the use of drones for delivering packages, especially in remote or inaccessible areas, can pave the way for a new era in delivery services.
9. Real-Time Traffic Analysis: Traffic management projects can benefit from drones. With the ability to hover and travel to various points quickly, drones provide a bird’s-eye view of traffic flow, helping to alleviate congestion and enhance road safety.
10. Advanced Security Surveillance: Drones can add a mobile dimension to security surveillance systems. Projects that develop drone-based security protocols can offer flexible and dynamic monitoring solutions for both public and private spaces.
11. Sports Performance Analytics: Coaches and athletes can use drones to get an overhead view of training sessions, providing insights into performance and tactics. Drone-captured footage can be a game-changer for sports analytics projects.
12. Infrastructure Inspection: Drones offer a safer and more efficient way to inspect infrastructure. By creating a project focused on structural inspections, maintenance can be proactive and less intrusive, particularly for bridges, towers, and skyscrapers.
13. Atmospheric Research: Meteorologists and climate scientists can use drones to collect weather data. Drone-based atmospheric research projects can lead to improved weather forecasting and a better understanding of our climate.
14. Dazzling Drone Light Shows: Entertainment projects can use synchronized drone light shows to create spectacular nighttime displays. These shows can be used for public events, celebrations, or as innovative advertising campaigns.
Drones, often perceived as the quintessential flying robots, are an intersection where advanced robotics melds seamlessly with aeronautics. Drones can fly on their own thanks to robotic technology, which also allows them to operate in real-time and precisely navigate the sky while adjusting to changing conditions. This article offers a thorough analysis of the concept of drones as robots.
Understanding Drones as Robots
1. Autonomy and Intelligence: At the heart of drone robotics is autonomy. Drones with sensors and navigation systems can decide for themselves based on the information they gather. Simple obstacle avoidance to intricate pathfinding in dynamic situations are examples of this.
2. Sensors and Perception: Like robots, drones utilize a suite of sensors to understand their surroundings. GPS systems provide location data, gyroscopes, and accelerometers to maintain stability and orientation, while advanced imaging technologies like LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and multispectral sensors offer detailed environmental insights.
3. Robotics Integration: The true robotic nature of drones is evident in their ability to integrate with other robotic systems and IoT (Internet of Things) networks. They can be part of larger automated systems, working in tandem with ground-based robots for tasks like precision agriculture, where drones monitor crops from above while land-based robots take action on the ground.
4. Software and Control Systems: The brains of a drone are its flight control systems and software algorithms. These systems process inputs from the drone’s sensors to perform tasks ranging from simple flight stabilization to executing complex flight maneuvers for drone racing or synchronized drone shows.
Applications of Drone Robots:
- Commercial Deliveries: Companies are experimenting with drones to automate package delivery, which can reduce transit times and increase efficiency.
- Agricultural Management: Drones are becoming an integral part of precision farming, capable of monitoring vast tracts of land and providing farmers with actionable data on crop health.
- Environmental Monitoring: In the realm of conservation, drones are used for tracking wildlife populations, assessing forest health, and even planting seeds.
- Emergency Services: They are indispensable tools in search and rescue operations, able to cover large areas and provide live video feeds to rescue teams.
- Inspection and Maintenance: Drones inspect hard-to-reach infrastructure, like wind turbines and pipelines, reducing the need for human workers to perform dangerous tasks.
Challenges and Considerations:
- Regulatory Environment: As with any robotic deployment, drones face regulatory hurdles that govern their usage, particularly in urban and populated areas.
- Ethical and Privacy Issues: The use of drones for surveillance raises concerns about privacy, requiring clear guidelines and responsible use.
- Technical Limitations: While rapidly advancing, drones still face limitations in battery life and payload capacity, which are ongoing areas of research and development.
Drones, as robotic entities, are more than just flying machines; they are sophisticated platforms that embody the cutting edge of robotics, AI, and machine learning. Their versatility and expanding capabilities make them invaluable across various sectors, marking a significant leap in how robotics can be applied beyond the confines of the factory floor.
Drone ka Hindi Meaning:
A drone is popularly called “ड्रोन” in Hindi. It is an exact transcription of the English word. Regarding its connotation, it is sometimes referred to as “अिर्जन विमान” or “अिर्जन विमान” (uninhabited aircraft).
Drone laws are the regulations set by authorities to manage how drones can be used safely within a country’s airspace. These laws typically cover aspects such as registration requirements, flight restrictions (e.g., around airports or at certain altitudes), no-fly zones, and requirements for pilot training. Regulations are often updated to keep pace with the rapidly evolving technology and its applications.
Drones Startups in India:
India has seen a surge in drone startups due to the increasing demand in sectors like agriculture, surveying, and delivery services. These startups are involved in various aspects of drone technology, including manufacturing, software development for better flight controls and data processing, and providing drone-based services.
Rent DJI Drone:
DJI is one of the world’s leading drone manufacturers, and their drones are widely available for rent through various online platforms and local services. Renting a DJI drone usually involves a fee that depends on the model and rental duration, and often these services offer additional equipment and insurance to cover potential damages.
Final Thoughts on Drones
The world of drones is incredibly diverse and dynamic. From their origins as simple remote-controlled aircraft to complex systems equipped with AI and advanced sensors, drones have become a fixture in modern technology. In India and globally, they are not only changing the landscape of hobbyist activities but are also revolutionizing industries by offering new solutions to old problems. The rise of drone startups in India reflects a broader global trend towards automation and innovative aerial solutions, especially in areas like agriculture, logistics, and disaster management. With this comes the need for comprehensive drone laws to ensure safety and privacy without stifling innovation.
FAQs About Drones
Que. What should I consider before renting a DJI drone?
Before renting a DJI drone, consider the rental terms, costs, your experience with flying drones, the purpose of renting, and whether insurance is provided or necessary.
Que. What are the challenges faced by drone startups in India?
Challenges include navigating regulatory environments, securing funding, technological advancements, competition, and public acceptance.
Que. Are there any privacy concerns with drones?
Yes, drones equipped with cameras can raise privacy concerns, which is why many regions have laws restricting their use of private property without consent.
Que. How long can drones typically fly?
The flight time of drones varies widely depending on the model and usage, but consumer drones typically offer 20-30 minutes of flight time on a single charge.
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aerospace
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http://www.gorgerocketclub.com/2018/12/04/a-good-site-to-keep-informed-on-real-space-launches/
| 2022-06-27T14:50:09 |
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| 0.886313 | 94 |
CC-MAIN-2022-27
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__115605263
|
en
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Skip to content
Gorge Rocket Club
Rocketry is a fun and educational hobby!
Gorge Hobby Shop
A good site to keep informed on real space launches
Gene Kranz recent Air and Space Museum Presentation.
It was cold but the winds were 0
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aerospace
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https://planelopnik.kinja.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-launch-and-land-the-space-shu-1831780418
| 2020-08-14T04:35:46 |
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CC-MAIN-2020-34
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en
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It takes 510 seconds and a couple hundred miles to get the Space Shuttle from the launch pad to orbit. During that time you get accelerated to about 18,000 miles per hour.
Landing takes a few thousand miles and over an hour. The deorbit burn takes place somewhere around Australia, and slows you down by only a couple hundred miles per hour. Around an hour later you land in Florida.
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aerospace
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https://wreathsacrossamerica.org/pages/19520/News/48/?relatedId=0
| 2020-05-30T09:13:57 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347407667.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20200530071741-20200530101741-00306.warc.gz
| 0.950028 | 377 |
CC-MAIN-2020-24
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-24__0__194751364
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en
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When Like-Minded Missions Work Together
Civil Air Patrol (CAP)
Supporting America's communities with emergency response, diverse aviation and ground services, youth development and promotion of air, space and cyber power.
Since Civil Air Patrol’s formation during the earliest days of World War II, this vigilant organization of citizen Airmen has been committed to service to America. Founded on Dec. 1, 1941, to mobilize the nation's civilian aviation resources for national defense service, CAP has evolved into a premier public service organization that still carries out emergency service missions when needed — in the air and on the ground.
As a Total Force partner and Auxiliary of the U.S. Air Force, Civil Air Patrol is there to search for and find the lost, provide comfort in times of disaster and work to keep the homeland safe. Its 60,000 members selflessly devote their time, energy and expertise toward the well-being of their communities, while also promoting aviation and related fields through aerospace/STEM education and helping shape future leaders through CAP’s cadet program. Civil Air Patrol’s missions for America are many, and today’s adults and cadets perform their duties with the same vigilance as its founding members — preserving CAP’s 75-year legacy of service while maintaining its commitment to nearly 1,500 communities nationwide.
As one of Wreaths Across America's first partners, CAP has been actively fundraising for the program since 2006. In fact, two CAP volunteers in Maine were the ones who first recognized the potential to expand what was then a small program begun by Morrill Worcester by tapping into the thousands of service-minded CAP members across America. More and more participate every year — obtaining wreath sponsorships from the public, laying wreaths and conducting ceremonies to mark the day with pomp, circumstance and patriotism.
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aerospace
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https://www.ericmackonline.com/ICA/BLOGS/emonline.nsf/dx/delta2-rocket-launch-in-the-night-sky-from-pmc
| 2021-05-16T03:23:31 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991659.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20210516013713-20210516043713-00243.warc.gz
| 0.979902 | 112 |
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|
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en
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It gets dark early and since it's already dark in the forest, we had a perfect night sky for viewing. Shortly after lift-off, we saw a bright trail of fire moving upward. As the rocket headed off, the trail turned into a fireball as we looked directly into the rocket from behind.I'm not a photographer, but I managed to get a shot without the flash. This does not do it justice.
Apparently, it was a Delta 2 Rocket, carrying an Italian Radar Satellite into space. Details and the launch sequence are available here.
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aerospace
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http://www.themotorpool.net/RAF-TSR-2-Strike-Aircraft-Imperial-War-Museum-p/aa38602.htm
| 2015-09-03T08:53:19 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-35/segments/1440645310876.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20150827031510-00179-ip-10-171-96-226.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.967236 | 697 |
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Corgi AA38602 RAF BAC TSR-2 Tactical Strike Aircraft - XR222, Imperial War Museum, Duxford, Cambridgeshire (1:72 Scale)
"All modern aircraft have four dimensions: span, length, height and politics. TSR-2 simply got the first three right."
- Sir Sydney Camm, an English aeronautical engineer who contributed to many Hawker aircraft designs
The British Aircraft Corporation Tactical Strike/Reconnaissance 2 (TSR-2) was an ill-fated Cold War strike aircraft developed by the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) for the Royal Air Force (RAF) in the early 1960s. The TSR-2 was designed to penetrate a well-defended forward battle area at low altitudes and very high speeds, and then attack high-value targets in the rear with close-in bomb runs and precision drops. The TSR-2 included a number of advanced features that made it the highest performing aircraft in this role, yet the programme was controversially cancelled in favor of the General Dynamics F-111, a procurement that itself was later cancelled.
The envisioned "standard mission" for the TSR-2 was to carry a 2,000 lb (900 kg) weapon internally for a combat radius of 1,000 nautical miles (nm) (1,850 km). Of that mission 100 nm (185 km) was to be flown at higher altitudes at Mach 1.7 and the 200 nm (370 km) into and out of the target area was to be flown as low as 200 feet (60 m) at Mach 0.95. The rest of the mission was to be flown at Mach 0.92. If the entire mission were to be flown at the low 200-ft altitude, the mission radius was reduced to 700 nm (1,300 km). Heavier weapons loads could be carried with further reductions in range.
Pictured here is a 1:72 scale replica of a RAF British Aerospace Corporation TSR-2 strike aircraft that is currently on display at the Imperial War Museum, located at Duxford, Cambridgeshire, England. Sold Out!
Length: 14.75 inches
Release Date: March 2011
Historical Account: "Museum Quality" - The TSR-2 included a number of advanced features that made it the highest performing aircraft of this type in the world. The prototype TSR-2, XR219 flew from Boscombe Down on September 27th, 1964, and the test program soon made good progress despite some initial problems. However, a Labour Government had taken office shortly after the TSR-2's first flight and the writing was on the wall. XR219 was the only example to fly, the project being cancelled controversially in favor of the General Dynamics F111, a procurement that was itself later cancelled.
Thankfully the ordered destruction of all five TSR-2 prototypes did not happen. XR219, along with XR221 and XR223 were lost, having been taken to Shoeburyness range in Essex and used for target practice. The other two prototypes were rescued and XR220 was placed on display at RAF Cosford's Aerospace Museum, whilst XR222 was initially sent to the College of Aeronautics at Cranfield and is now on display at the Imperial War Museum at Duxford, Cambridgeshire.
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aerospace
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https://www.nps.gov/places/national-aviation-heritage-area.htm
| 2019-05-19T23:11:37 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232255182.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20190519221616-20190520003616-00319.warc.gz
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- Fifteen partner sites spread across eight counties in west-central Ohio conserve, interpret, and promote the resources associated with the development of the aviation and aerospace industry in America.
- National Heritage Area
- OPEN TO PUBLIC:
- MANAGED BY:
- National Aviation Heritage Area Alliance
Aviation is chock-full of tradition & history and nowhere will you find a richer collection of aviation than here, the birthplace of aviation, the National Aviation Heritage Area. From the straightforward bicycle shops that fostered the Wright brothers' flying ambitions to the complex spacecraft that carried man to the moon, the National Aviation Heritage Area has everything you need to learn about this country’s aviation and aerospace legacy.
The National Aviation Heritage Area consists of fifteen partner sites in the west-central Ohio area. This National Heritage Area preserves and promotes the rich aviation legacy of the region that began with the Wright brothers and continues to the current day with Dayton’s leadership in aerospace development. The National Aviation Heritage Area includes the five National Park Service sites that make up Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park.
The National Aviation Heritage Area was enacted by Congress and signed by President George W. Bush on December 8th, 2004. The intent of the National Aviation Heritage Area is to promote heritage tourism and develop educational and cultural programs for the public while preserving certain lands, structure, facilities and sites within the heritage area. The National Aviation Heritage Area is guided by the National Aviation Heritage Alliance, a private, not for profit corporation designated by Congress as the management entity of the heritage area.
The National Aviation Heritage Area includes the following sites:
- Air Camp
- Armstrong Air & Space Museum
- Aviation Trail, Inc. Visitor Center & Parachute Museum
- Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park
- Dayton History
- Greene County Historical Society
- Historic Grimes Field
- Historic WACO Field
- Historic Woodland Cemetery & Arboretum
- National Aviation Hall of Fame
- National Museum of the United States Air Force
- Wright B Flyer, Inc.
- Wright Image Group
- Wright State University Wright Archives
- Vectren Dayton Air Show
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aerospace
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https://www.knowesis-inc.com/product-page/u-s-air-force
| 2023-12-09T19:36:32 |
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| 0.892969 | 535 |
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en
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Knowesis supports the USAFSAM Department of Aerospace Medicine (USAFSAM/FE), Aerospace Medicine Studies and Analysis Division (FES) providing data audits, research and evaluation of programming effectiveness, and tracking of programmatic measures of success. Our subject matter experts (SMEs) support USAFSAM and Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC) in providing data and visual analytic support for the AFMC Suicide Risk Analysis study. Our team assists in designing, formulating, conducting, and leading data analysis of operational studies on health surveillance data / health records and other relevant military records and risk reduction of negative health outcomes affecting the USAF total force population. Our highly qualified SMEs use cognizant judgement and originality in developing innovative approaches to define and resolve highly complex situations and identify risk factors that contribute to service member suicide. Our work includes:
- Oversee program development, and data analysis
- Consultation support to the client’s Operations Support Team (OST)
- Assist in data collection in support of USAFSAM / FES mission
- Assist in development of Tableau dashboards for AFMC
- Develop statistical model assisting OSTs in determining USAF units, bases, and installations for suicide risk
Knowesis provides data via dashboards to support Operational Support Teams (OST) embedded across Air Force units, bases, and installations. Real-time data for informed decision-making regarding next steps for programs being observed is the goal. Knowesis is also working with the Military’s Operations Research Scientists assigned to the Integrated Operational Support (IOS) team to better understand the logic behind the current model and the needs and requirements for the new statistical model under development. This new model will assist the client in evaluating needs for both Active Duty and Civilian members as well, to improve determiners of high suicide risk across the enterprise.
U.S. Air Force 711th HPW
The 711th Human Performance Wing (HPW), headquartered at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio, is the first human-centric warfare wing to consolidate human performance research, education, and consultation under a single organization. Established under the Air Force Research Laboratory, the 711th HPW is comprised of the Airman Systems Directorate (RH) and the United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine (USAFSAM). The Wing delivers unparalleled capability to the Air Force through a combination of world class infrastructure and expertise of its diverse workforce of military, civilian and contractor personnel encompassing 75 occupational specialties including science and engineering, occupational health and safety, medical professions, technicians, educators, and business operations and support.
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aerospace
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http://fantendo.wikia.com/wiki/File:6a00d8341bf7f753ef017617575535970c-500wi.gif
| 2017-08-20T17:36:42 |
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This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.
If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
GIF file comment
PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109. TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
PHOTO CAPTION May 1993
This artist's rendering shows the European Space Agency's Huygens
probe on the surface of Saturn's moon Titan after being released
by NASA's Cassini spacecraft. Planned for launch in October
1997, Cassini will reach Saturn in June 2004 and will release the
Huygens probe later that year. Photo courtesy ESA.
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aerospace
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http://saabgroup.com/Air/Air_C4I_Solutions/Ground_C2_Systems/Air_C4I_Training_System/
| 2015-04-20T00:45:35 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-18/segments/1429246644200.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20150417045724-00122-ip-10-235-10-82.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.922102 | 696 |
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en
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Air C4I Training System
Realistic Real-Time Training
Operators in C4I systems must have realistic training in real time. The Air C4I Training System from Saab is a simulator designed for this purpose, and it can also be used for technical evaluation and testing.
The Air C4I Training System is a high-performance Linux-based simulator which, with one or two scenarios, can be used to stimulate two centres simultaneously.
The Air C4I Training System from Saab is designed to provide realistic real-time training for operators in air C4I systems. The simulator presents a complete simulated environment, realistic in every detail, just like situations you would encounter in live operations.
Such simulations include the full range of sensors, all moving objects, various weather conditions, jamming and all adjacent systems, as well as the interaction between operators and other support personnel controlling and managing operations. The simulator also includes pilot positions including tactical-data-link exchange capabilities.
As a customer of Saab’s you benefit from a complete life commitment. It is our utmost ambition to support and facilitate your use of our products and services. That is why we are always willing to walk that extra mile to develop a strong and trustful relationship.
The system supports training for all levels of Fighter Controller and other operators, with tasks from basic training to highly complex operational scenarios.
- Handling of orders, briefings, intelligence and risk assessments
- Monitoring the situation:
- Directing sensors
- Receiving sensor information from ground radar, airborne radar and fighter aircraft
- Target tracking
- Target management including identification and reception/distribution of situation pictures
- Handling flight plans
- Monitoring weather
- Management and transmission of air defence areas, flight slots and threats by aggressors
- Monitoring resources – the availability of radar, aircraft and airbases
- Air missions with fighters such as engagement of target including pilot stations, as well as national and/or international tactical data links
- Anti-aircraft operations relating to air-defence command and control (coordination between aircraft and air defence) and engagement of targets
- Air-traffic control in wartime
- Issuing alerts to air bases (base alerts) and local communities (air-raid warnings)
- Communication-resource management
- Voice communication
- Radio communication
- Data communication
- Communication services
The Air C4I Training System has been operational with the Royal Swedish Air Force since 1998. It has been continuously developed to offer the customer the latest state-of-the-art solutions.
The system can simulate the following types of objects and technical systems:
- Airborne early warning (AEW)
- 3D 300 km high S-band
- 2D 150 km medium L-band
- 2D 100 km low C-band
- Ground radar, civil MSSR
Simulation of the sensors can also include simulation of rain areas, ground and sea clutter and wind.
- Specified fighters, fourth generation (incl. radar & EW)
- Air defence
- Ground-based air defence
- Naval units
- Ship movement + air defence
- Military arbases
- Civil airports
- Weather MILMET
- C2 (adjacent) C2STRIC
- Ground radar
Air and surface targets can be equipped with the ability to act as jammers
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aerospace
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https://myhomeworkgeeks.net/kalpana-chawla-the-first-indian-american-astronaut/
| 2021-09-22T18:22:57 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057371.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20210922163121-20210922193121-00123.warc.gz
| 0.960835 | 1,197 |
CC-MAIN-2021-39
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en
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‘Kalpana Chawla’ ( July 1 , 1961 – February 1 , 2003 ) was an Indian-American astronaut and space shuttle mission specialist of STS-107 ( Columbia ) who was killed when the craft disintegrated after reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere . Early Life Chawla was born in Karnal , Haryana , India . Her interest in flight was inspired by J. R. D. Tata , India’s first pilot. Education Chawla studied aeronautical engineering at the Punjab Engineering College in 1982 where she earned her Bachelor of Science degree.
Thereafter she moved to the United States to obtain a Master of Science degree in aerospace engineering from University of Texas ( 1984 ). Dr. Chawla earned a doctorate in aerospace engineering from University of Colorado in 1988 . That same year she began working for NASA ‘s Ames Research Center . Kalpana Chawla became a naturalized USA citizen, and married Jean-Pierre Harrison, a freelance flying instructor. Chawla held a certified flight instructor’s license with airplane and glider ratings, and has commercial pilot’s licenses for single and multiengine land and seaplanes.
NASA Career Dr. Chawla entered NASA’s astronaut program in 1994 and was selected for flight in 1996 . Chawla’s first mission to space began on November 19 , 1997 as part of the 6 astronaut crew that flew the Space Shuttle Columbia Flight STS-87 . Chawla was the first Indian-born woman in space, as well as the first Indian-American in space. (She was the second person from India to fly into space, after cosmonaut Rakesh Sharma who went into space in 1984 in a Soviet spacecraft. ) On her first mission Chawla travelled over 6. million miles in 252 orbits of the earth, logging more than 375 hours in space. During STS-87, she was responsible for deploying the Spartan Satellite which malfunctioned forcing two other astronauts to go on a spacewalk to capture the solar satellite. A five-month NASA investigation blamed the error on the flight crew and ground control. She was fully exonerated (although this did not stop some reporters from making direspectful comments about her involvement in the mishap in the days after her death in the explosion of the final Columbia mission).
After being selected for a second flight, Chawla lived at the Lyndon B Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas , undergoing extensive training. Chawla’s mission got delayed in July 2002 when NASA engineers identified three cracks on the shuttle’s second engine’s liquid hydrogen flow liner. Over six months later the shuttle was cleared and she returned to space in the ill-fated STS-107 mission. Chawla was dedicated to the scientific goals of SPACEHAB/FREESTAR microgravity research mission, for which the crew conducted nearly 80 experiments studying earth and space science, advance technology development, and astronaut health and safety.
Personal Characteristics Chawla was a strict vegetarian . On her mission, she carried a white silk banner as part of a worldwide campaign to honor teachers, as well as nearly two dozen CDs, including ones by Abida Parveen , Yehudi Menuhin , Ravi Shankar , and Deep Purple . She went to her first rock concert, a Deep Purple show, in 2001 with her husband. “Kalpana is not necessarily a rock music aficionado,” her husband said of a Deep Purple show they went to in 2001. “But (she) nevertheless characterized the show as a ‘spiritual experience. ” The administrator for the Hindu temple in Houston where Chawla attended when her schedule permitted said “She was a nice lady … and very pious. “DeathKalpana Chawla died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster which occurred on February 1, 2003, when the Space Shuttle disintegrated over Texas during re-entry into the Earth’s atmosphere, with the loss of all seven crew members, shortly before it was scheduled to conclude its 28th mission, STS-107.
Memoria Shortly after her last mission, India renamed its first weather satellite ‘Kalpana-1’ in her honor. She died a hero and a role-model for many young women, particularly those in her hometown of Karnal where she periodically returned to encourage young girls to follow in her footsteps. Her brother, Sanjay Chawla , remarked “To me, my sister is not dead. She is immortal. Isn’t that what a star is? She is a permanent star in the sky. She will always be up there where she belongs. ”
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aerospace
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https://www.123freevectors.com/military-vehicles-free-vector/
| 2019-07-22T08:01:21 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195527828.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20190722072309-20190722094309-00340.warc.gz
| 0.874858 | 104 |
CC-MAIN-2019-30
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__127917233
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en
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You may like
More Free Vectors & Images.
War and transports vector graphics of military vehicles and equipment. Silhouettes of stylized tanks, armored cars, trucks with antennas and missiles in the back, airplanes, military helicopter and a gasoline pump. Free vector for your military, war, aviation and transport designs.
Vehicles Silhouettes by DG for FreeVector.com
License: Digital Art License. Vector tagged as aircraft, Airplanes, Armored Car, aviation, Clip Art Trucks,
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aerospace
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https://www.clickaerospace.com/blog/what-is-the-aircraft-fuel-management-system-and-how-does-it-work/
| 2023-06-05T04:19:48 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224650620.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20230605021141-20230605051141-00638.warc.gz
| 0.943522 | 774 |
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When conducting a flight operation, it is paramount that the correct amount of fuel is supplied for the means of efficiency and safety. With the use of a fuel management system, fuel calculations may be conducted to find the proper amount of fuel required for a particular route, stop, or diversion. On top of general calculations, a fuel system may also provide high precision by accommodating for time, wind, distance, and fuel flow. In this blog, we will discuss the fuel management system and its functionality, allowing you to better understand its uses and importance to flight.
Once a route has been established for the flight management system (FMS), the device will utilize its fuel management function in order to convey the amount of available fuel and aircraft endurance while estimating the fuel that will be left as each waypoint of a route is met. While pilots will make their own estimates for fuel calculations, the aircraft fuel management system serves as confirmation. It is important to understand that the fuel display may not be capable of detecting certain issues such as leaks, plumbing malfunctions, and more, thus the pilot must be adamant about monitoring fuel rates as the flight is conducted. For the means of safety, pilots should always land at the first indication of low fuel or a discrepancy so that issues may be remedied while safely on the surface.
In general, a great number of fuel management systems will lack a fuel quantity sensor or float gauge. As a result, most calculations are based on an initial fuel estimate that is inputted by the pilot themselves. Because of this, pilots must be very careful when inputting fuel estimates, as attempting a low fuel landing with an incorrect initial fuel estimate may be very dangerous. Depending upon the expected level of fuel that is to be added to the aircraft engine for an operation, pilots should ensure that fuel servicing matches the need.
In order for the fuel management system to make calculations for how much fuel will be spent during certain aspects of a flight, it will utilize the current amount of fuel and the rate of consumption to make a determination. For some systems, the fuel burn rate may need to be manually entered, while others may feature sensors for flow or quantity. As both will widely differ in their accuracy, the pilot must know what type of system they have and its capabilities.
Based on fuel burn rates and available reserves, the fuel management system may be capable of displaying the endurance of the aircraft. This measurement is the amount of distance that the aircraft is capable of reaching based on its fuel and burn rate, often being given in the form of hours and minutes. Generally, the display will feature a ring around the aircraft, an inner one indicating when fuel reserve minimums would be reached while the outer is where fuel will be fully exhausted.
As a fuel management system can provide very important information regarding fuel amounts and burning rates, it is important that pilots know how to properly use them and how to input various data points as needed. After multiple flight operations, pilots may also compare true fuel spent to the calculations provided by the fuel management system, ensuring that everything is accurate and precise. If you find yourself in need of a fuel management system or various aircraft components such as temperature gauges, pressure gauges, and electronic sensors, look no further than Click Aerospace.
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aerospace
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https://fdocuments.nl/document/radio-navigation-5780b2125a3ef.html
| 2023-02-08T09:55:15 |
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| 0.836317 | 21,565 |
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Embed Size (px)
Transcript of Radio Navigation
Radio Aids Ground direction finder DF (including classification of bearings)
ADF (including NDBs and use of RBI)
CVOR & DVOR (including use of RMI)
DME (Distance measuring equipment):
ILS (Instrument landing system):
MLS (Micro landing system):
Basic Radar Principle Pulse technique and associated terms: Ground radar
Airborne weather radar SSR (Secondary surveillance radar): Use of radar Observations and Application to In-flight Navigation:
Area navigation system General philosophy:
Typical Flight deck Equipment and Operation: Instrument Indications
Types of area Navigation systems Input:
VORDME Area Navigation (RNAV):
Flight director and autopilot coupling:
Self-contained and external referenced Navigation systems Doppler:
Global Navigation satellite Systems GNSS GPS GLONASS:
Decca Navigation system:
Radio Aids Ground direction finder DF (including classification of bearings)
An aircraft heading 040 (M) has an ADF reading of 060 Relative. The alteration of heading required to
intercept the 120 track inbound to the NDB at 50 is:
A) 020 Right.
B) 030 Right.
C) 040 Right.
D) 050 Right.
The MF band extends from:
A) 300 to 3000 KHz.
B) 30 to 300 KHz.
C) 100 to 1000 KHz.
D) 3 to 30 KHz.
What is the maximum range at which a VDF station at 325 ft can provide a service to an aircraft at FL080?
A) 114 nm
B) 91 nm C) 134 nm
D) 107 nm Which of the following statements is correct in respect of a RF signal:
A) the electrical component of the signal is parallel to the aerial.
B) both the electrical and magnetic components are parralel to the aerial. C) the magnetic component of the signal is parallel to the aerial.
D) the plane of polarisation is dictated by the oscillator unit in the
transmitter. A VDF bearing Class A should be accurate to within:
A) 10 B) 2
D) 5 A pilot wishes to obtain the magnetic bearing of his aircraft from a VDF station. Which of the following terms would he use:
C) QGH D) QDR
The maximum theoretical range at which a VHF signal will be received by an aircraft flying at FL 200, assuming that the transmitter is sited at 860 ft amsl, and that there is no intervening high ground:
A) 213 nm.
B) 180 nm.
C) 170 nm. D) 144 nm.
Which of the following is an advantage of Ground/DF (VDF) let-down?
A) It only requires a VHF radio to be fitted to the aircraft.
B) It does not require any special equipment to be fitted to the aircraft.
C) It is pilot interpreted and does not require the assistance of ATC. D) It does not require any special equipment, apart from a VHF radio, to be
installed in the aircraft or on the ground. Ground direction finding at aerodromes utilises which frequencies?
A) VHF at civil aerodromes and VHF at military aerodromes.
B) VHF at civil aerodromes and UHF at military aerodromes. C) UHF at civil aerodromes and VHF at military aerodromes
D) UHF at civil aerodromes and UHF at military aerodromes. What is the approximate maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL130 could receive information from a VDF facility which is sited 1024 FT above MSL?
A) 220 NM
B) 120 NM
C) 180 NM
D) 150 NM Of two sinusoidal waves of the same amplitude and frequency, Wave A is passing zero going negative when Wave B is at maximum positive. Which of the following statements accurately describes this situation
A) wave A leads wave B by 360 . B) wave A leads wave B by 180 .
C) wave A leads wave B by 90 .
D) wave A leads wave B by 270 . In an amplitude modulated signal, the amplitude of the carrier wave will:
A) vary according to the amplitude of the modulating signal.
B) vary according to the frequency of the modulating signal. C) vary according to the phase of the modulating signal.
D) remain constant, and the frequency will vary according to the amplitude
of the modulating signal. To estabilish and maintain effective HF communications the frequency used at a given range:
A) should be decreased at night. B) should remain constant. C) should only be varied by season, decreased in summer and increased in winter.
D) should be increased at night.
For a given set of ionospheric conditions, as the frequency of an HF signal is increased:
A) the size of the dead space increases due solely to the decreasing minimum skip distance.
B) the size of the dead space decreases because the surface wave coverage
decreases, and the minimum skip distance decreases.
C) the size of the dead space increases due solely to the increasing minimum skip distance.
D) the size of the dead space increases because the surface wave coverage
decreases, and the minimum skip distance increases.
The phase difference between the reference and variable signals on QDM 050 (VAR 10 W) for a conventional VOR is:
A) 050 B) 220
The emission characteristics A3E describe:
A) VHF communications.
B) HF communications. C) ILS.
In the MF frequency band:
A) skywaves are more common by night than by day.
B) ducting is a common phenomena.
C) reasonable reception is restricted to line of sight range. D) skywaves are more common by day than by night.
The range at which you can obtain a VDF bearing can be influenced by:
A) time of day.
B) intensity of ionisation.
C) type of surface.
D) height of aircraft.
A VDF bearing can be obtain:
A) on the frequency notified for VDF services. B) on the Approach frequency.
C) on the frequency agreed between the pilot and ATC but chosen from one
of the available ATC frequencies.
D) only on a frequency of 121,5 Mhz.
What is QTE?
A) Magnetic track from the station. B) True track from station.
C) Magnetic track to the station.
D) True track to the station.
21. Around a radiating transmitter aerial there is:
A) an electrical field.
B) a magnetic field.
C) an electrical and magnetic field.
D) a field of equal ionisation.
A radio wave increases speed when crossing the coast, leaving the land and passing over the sea. When this happens:
A) no change in either. B) the wavelength changes.
C) the frequency increases..
D) the frequency changes.
If the (i) of a radio wave is (ii) then the skip distance will (iii) and the dead space will (iv):
A) (i) frequency; (ii) decrease; (iii) increase; (iv) decrease
B) (i) wavelength; (ii) increase; (iii) increase; (iv) increase
C) (i) wavelength; (ii) decrease; (iii) increase; (iv) decrease D) (i) frequency; (ii) increase; (iii) increase; (iv) increase
Ground responders respond at a frequency:
A) the same as the interrogation signal. B) 63 MHz lower than interrogation frequency.
C) 63 MHz different from interrogation frequency, either above or below.
D) 63 MHz grader than interrogation frequency.
The rate of attenuation of a radio wave which occurs when the wave travels close to the Earths surface. A) increases as the frequency of the wave increases, and is greater over the sea than the land. B) increases as the frequency of the wave increases, and is greater over the land than the sea. C) decreases as the frequency of the wave increases, and is greater over the land than the sea. D) decreases as the frequency of the wave increases, and is greater over the sea than the land.
What is the minimum level that an aircraft, at a range of 113 NM, must fly in order to contact the tower on R/T for a VDF bearing from an airport sited 169 FT above MSL
A) FL 60
B) FL 50
C) FL 100
D) FL 80
Which of the following statements is true?
A) A transmissions bandwidth is affected by the design of the aerial.
B) A narrow bandwidth improves beam width. C) Bandwidth must be reduced in order to reduce noise.
D) A broad bandwidth gives a narrow beam width.
The frequency which corresponds to a wavelength of 12 mm is:
A) 25 MHz
B) 2.5 GHz
C) 2.5 MHz
D) 25 GHz
Abnormal long ranges may be experienced on VDF channels, caused by:
A) The VDF station using a relay station for communication to the aircraft. B) Super refraction of signals in the atmosphere.
C) Efficient VDF antennas.
D) Intermodulation with signals on frequencies close to the one used by the
A VDF bearing category B should be accurate to within:
With reference to VDF, the true bearing of an aircraft from a ground station is:
For a given HF frequency skip distance will normally:
A) be greater by day than by night.
B) be greater by night than by day.
C) have no diurnal variation.
D) be less by night than by day.
When two separate frequencies are mixed together the resultants are the sum and also the difference between the frequencies. This process is called:
B) heterodyning. C) transponding.
D) frequency modulation. The maximum theoretical range at which a UHF transmission can be received by an aircraft flying at FL 200, assuming the UHF station is at a height of 860 ft amsl is:
A) 180 nm
B) 213 nm
C) 144 nm
D) 170 nm
Diffraction of a RF signal is a displacement of its propagation path due to:
A) reflection from the surface.
B) passing through ionised regions of the upper atmosphere.
C) passing over or though mediums of different conductivity.
D) passing over obstacles with dimensions close to the wavelength.
Which of the following does NOT affect the accuracy of VDF bearings:
A) ground reflections. B) synchronous transmissions.
C) duct propagation.
D) sky waves. The rate of refraction of a radio wave which occurs within the ionosphere:
A) is greater at night. B) decreases as the frequency of the radio wave increases.
C) is constant regardless of the frequency involved.
D) increases as the frequency of the radio wave increases. You are at an altitude of 9.000 feet. At a range of 200nm from a VHF communications transmitter, and you are receiving a good signal.
A) You should expect this since the transmitter is at a height of 2.000 feet.
B) You should have been receiving the signal from a range of 240 nm.
C) You are probably receiving a duct propagation signal. D) You are probably receiving a sky wave signal.
The frequency corresponding to a wavelength of 3.5 cm is:
A) 85.7 MHz.
B) 8.57 MHz.
C) 857 MHz. D) 8.57 GHz.
In sky wave propagation the distance between the end of the surface wave and the first returning sky wave is called the:
A) skip distance. B) maximum usable range.
C) minimum theoretical range.
D) dead space.
41. What airborne equipment, if any, is required to be fitted in order that a VDF let-down may be
C) VHF radio
A half wave dipole aerial suitable for transmitting an RF signal at 18 MHz should have an effective length of:
A) 83,33 metres.
B) 166,67 metres. C) 8,33 metres.
D) 16,67 metres.
At a height 5.000 feet you might expect to receive a VHF signal, from a transmitter at sea level, at a range of:
A) 200 km
B) 88,4 nm
C) 88,4 km D) 70,7 nm
A Class A magnetic bearing from a VDF station will be a ... with an accuracy of ...
A) QDM; 2 .
B) QDR; 2 .
C) QDR; 5 . D) QDM; 5 .
A radio aid has a wavelength of 2.4 m. The frequency is:
A) 720 MHz
B) 125 MHz
C) 12.5 MHz D) 72 MHz
A frequency of 295 KHz would be described as:
C) MF. D) short wave.
If, when you are requesting a QDM from an airfield, you are offered a QGH, it means:
A) the VDF service will be handled by a different VDF unit, operating on the
B) the VDF unit is prepared to give you assistance during an approach to the airfield, based on VDF bearings.
C) the bearing will only be accurate when the aircraft is flying above the
D) the service will be limited to bearings, no positions will be given by the DF station.
With reference to a VDF bearing, the true bearing of the aircraft from the ground station is a:
C) QDR. D) QUJ.
With reference to a VDF bearing, the true bearing of the aircraft from the ground station is a:
C) QDR. D) QUJ.
VDF for aeronautical use provides service in the frequency band:
A) 108 - 136 MHz B) 130 - 300 MHz
C) 118 - 137 MHz
D) 108 - 118 MHz
The total length of a half-wave dipole designed to operate on 100 MHz would be:
A) 142.5 cm.
B) 1.5 m.
C) 0.95 m. D) 285 cm.
A signal with a wavelength of 7360 m lies in the:
A) VLF band.
B) HF band.
C) LF band.
D) MF band.
A radio signal which is modulated in a manner described as A3E is likely to be used for:
A) LF/MF radio navigation (NDB).
B) a pulsed radar system. C) VHF voice communication.
D) HF telegraphy.
In radio terms, frequency means:
A) the speed of radio waves in metres per second.
B) the number of complete waveforms passing a spot in one second.
C) the length of a complete waveform in metres.
D) the number of waveforms in one hour.
A frequency of 305 KHz would be described as:
B) HF. C) MF.
D) Short Wave.
VLF surface waves achieve greater range than LF surface waves because:
A) VLF diffraction is less and attenuation is greater.
B) VLF diffraction is greater and attenuation is less. C) VLF diffraction and attenuation are greater.
D) VLF diffraction and attenuation are less.
The maximum theoretical range that an aircraft flying at 14.400 ft can receive signals from a VHF station (400 ft amsl) is:
A) 175 nm.
B) 152 nm. C) 203 nm.
D) 72.5 nm.
The indicator of the ground VDF equipment responds to:
A) The carrier wave received. B) The voice modulated signal transmitted by the aircraft.
C) The signal being reflected from the aircraft.
D) The identification transmitted from the aircraft. A radar set with a wavelength of 10 cm lies within which of the following frequency bands:
A) SHF B) EHF
D) VHF As a radio signal increases in frequency, ionospheric refraction ... and atmospheric attenuation...
A) increases; decreases. B) increases; increases.
C) decreases; decreases.
D) decreases; increases. Which of the following is an advantage of VDF?
A) It is pilot interpreted, so ATC is not required. B) Only a VHF radio is needed in the aircraft.
C) No equipment required in the aircraft.
D) No special equipment required in the aircraft or on the ground.
61. An aircraft travelling at 330 metres a second transmits a signal at 10 GHz to a stationary receiver. If the aircraft is flying directly towards the receiver and they are approximately at the same height the
received frequency will be:
A) 11 GHz
B) 9,999989 GHz C) 11 MHz
D) 10,000011 GHz When conducting a QGH approach responsibility for interpreting the procedure rests with ... and on a VDF approach responsibility rests with...
A) the controller; the controller. B) the pilot; the pilot.
C) the controller; the pilot.
D) the pilot; the controller. In which one of the following circumstances is ground direction finding (VDF) likely to be used to fix an aircrafts position?
A) When using the emergency VHF frequency 121.5 MHz.
B) On first contact with ATC on crossing an international FIR boundary.
C) When contacting ATC to join controlled airspace from the open FIR. D) When declaring an emergency on any frequency.
Skywaves are not likely to occur by day or night in which of the following frequency bands:
A) HF B) LF.
D) MF. A horizontally polarised signal would be best received by an aerial which is:
A) vertical. B) horizontal.
C) the plane of the aerial does not matter.
D) horizontal or vertical. The maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL80 can obtain bearings from a ground VDF facility sited 325 FT above MSL is:
A) 134 NM.
B) 158 NM.
C) 107 NM. D) 114 NM.
ADF (including NDBs and use of RBI): An aircraft heading 130 (M) has an ADF reading of 190 Relative. The heading to steer to intercept the 170 track outbound from the NDB at 30 is:
A) 210 (M)
B) 200 (M) C) 220 (M)
D) 190 (M) An aircraft is maintaining track outbound from an NDB with a constant relative bearing of 184 . To return to the NDB the relative bearing to maintain is:
A) 356 .
C) 000 .
Consider the following statements on the NDB transmitter:
A) It is operating in the MF/HF band.
B) To overcome the limitations caused by line of sight propagation, high-
power transmitters must be used.
C) It is very simple, being required to transmit only a carrier wave and an identification.
D) In Europe, most NDBs operate in the frequency band 455 - 1750 kHz. At 1000 Z an aircraft is overhead NB PE enroute to NDB CN, Track 075(M), Heading 082(M) At 1029 Z NDB PE bears 176 Relative and NDB CN bears 353 Relative. The heading to steer at 1029 Z to reach NDB CN is:
B) 078(M) C) 081(M)
D) 0082(M) The basic information given by the ADF is:
A) The magnetic direction of the loop aerial with reference to the sense
aerial. B) The true great circle track from the NDB to the aircraft.
C) The relative bearing from the aircraft to the NDB.
D) The magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the NDB. The purpose of the BFO switch on the ADF receiver is to:
A) improve the strength of the received signal. B) make the signal audible.
C) cut out the static noise.
D) attenuate the received signal.
When using NDBs night effect is most likely to be greatest at:
A) dawn or dusk. B) night.
D) awn. With regard to the following types of NDB which statements is correct?
A) Locators have 15 W power, 10-25 nm range and are NON A2A. B) Locators have 5000 W power, 50 nm range and are NON A1A.
C) Locators have 5000 W power, 50 nm range and are NON A2A.
D) Locators have 200 W power, 50 nm range and are NON A2A. The inbound track to NDB GDV is 075 (T), Variation 10 W, drift 7 Right. The relative bearing to maintained on the radio compass to reach GDV is
A) 000 Relative.
B) 183 Relative,
C) 353 Relative. D) 007 Relative.
An aircraft heading 040 (M) has an ADF reading of 060 ;Relative is to intercept the 120 (M) track inbound to an NDB at 50 . The relative bearing of the NDB that confirms track interception is:
A) 060 Relative. B) 070 Relative.
C) 080 Relative.
D) 050 Relative. Variations of signal strength in NDB receivers known as fading indicates the presence of:
A) reflection from thunderstorms. B) night effect.
C) mountain or terrain effect.
D) coastal refraction.
An aircraft heading 100 (M) has an ADF reading of 210 Relative. The alteration of heading required to intercept the 340 track inbound to the NDB at 60 is:
A) 180 Left. B) 180 Left or Right.
C) 170 Left.
D) 170 Right. The D layer of the ionosphere affects the accuracy of NDB bearings:
A) by night only. B) never.
C) by day and night.
D) by day only.
Both the VOR (single pointer) and the ADF in an aircraft are correctly tuned and identified. The indications from both are shown on the RMI shown below. Which of the following statements is correct:
A) the aircraft is heading 033 (M), is on
the 310 radial, and bears 050 (M)
from the NDB.
B) the aircraft is heading 330 (M), is on the 310 radial, and bears 050 (M)
from the NDB.
C) the aircraft is heading 330 (M), is on
the 130 radial, and bears 230 (M) from the NDB.
D) the aircraft is heading 330 (M), is on
the 130 radial, and bears 050 (M)
from the NDB.
An ADF uses a sense aerial to:
A) resolve ambiguous bearings. B) detect the receiver test signal.
C) determine the null position.
D) transmit the beacon ident.
Factors liable to affect most NDB/ADF system performance and reliability include:
A) static interference - night effect - absence of failure warning system. B) height error - station interference - mountain effect.
C) coastal refraction - lane slip - mountain effect.
D) static interference - station interference - latitude error.
The heading read on a standard RMI is:
A) The True heading.
B) The compass heading. C) The magnetic heading.
D) The relative heading.
An aircraft heading 200 (M) has an ADF reading of 160 Relative is to intercept the 150 (M) track outbound from an NDB at 30 . The relative bearing of the NDB that confirms track interception is:
A) 230 Relative. B) 220 Relative.
C) 240 Relative.
D) 210 Relative.
The signal to noise ratio for an NDB is...allowing a maximum error of...on 95% of occasions during...
A) 5/1, 3 degrees, daylight hours only. B) 3/1, 5 degrees, 24 hours.
C) 5/1, 3 degrees, 24 hours.
D) 3/1, 5 degrees, daylight hours only.
What is the role of a ground direction finder?
A) To aid pilot navigation. B) To all ground movements.
C) To assist planners in the construction of airfield approaches.
D) To map airfields.
21. A long range NDB is likely to transmit on ... and be classified as Select the answer to complete this statement.
A) 800 KHz; A2A.
B) 200 KHz; A2A.
C) 800 KHz; A1A.
D) 200 KHz; A1A. Some ADFs have a bandwidth control. Consider the following statements:
A) Narrow bandwidth should be selected for listening to voice or music.
B) Broad or wide bandwidth should be selected when listening to any NDB
for its identification.
C) Broad or wide bandwidth should be used when static from CBs is
experienced. D) Broad or wide bandwidth should be selected when listening to music or voice. An aircraft over the sea is receiving a signal from an NDB 50nm from the coast and another from an NDB 20nm from the coast. Which of the following statements is most correct?
A) The bearing information from the beacon 20nm inland would be most correct.
B) The bearing information from the beacon 50nm inland would be most
C) The bearing information from relative bearings of 90 and 270 would be most correct.
D) The bearing information from relative bearings of 360 and 180 would
be most correct. The maximum errors when using an ADF bearing will occur in the position of NDB ... and angle of cut at the coast...
A) on the coast; 90
B) on the coast; 45
C) inland; 45 D) inland; 90
Which of the following equipments does not have a system to warn the pilot that it is inoperative:
C) DME D) ILS
A) is used to determine the signal strength of an NDB. B) is used to make the ident from an A1A NDB audible.
C) is used to make the ident from an A2A NDB audible.
D) creates the audio ident for an NDB. An aircraft heading 040 (M) has an ADF reading of 060 Relative. The heading to steer to intercept the 120 track inbound to the NDB at 50 is:
C) 060(M) D) 050(M)
Using an NDB it is possible to experience which of the following errors or limitations?
A) Coastal refraction, timing error and lack of a failure warning system.
B) Night effect, station interference and latitude error.
C) Coastal refraction, timing error and night effect. D) Night effect, station interference and lack of a failure warning system.
An NDB signal crossing from land to sea will ... speed and bend ... the normal.
A) decrease, towards.
B) increase, towards.
C) decrease, away from. D) increase, away from.
An aeroplanes RMI shows an NDB bearing 070 , w/v calm. The aeroplane is to join a right hand holding pattern at the NDB, the inbound leg of which is 330 . The aeroplane should:
A) fly to the NDB then fly outbound on 150 for 1 minute, then turn left to point directly at the NDB joining the pattern overhead.
B) fly to the NDB then fly a teardrop with an outbound heading of 120 for 1
minute and a rate one turn to join in bound.
C) fly to the NDB and join the pattern. D) fly to the NDB then fly choose either B) or C) above as preferred.
An NDB transmits a signal pattern in the horizontal plane which is:
A) a beam rotating at 30 Hz.
C) a cardioid balanced at 30 Hz. D) bi-lobal circular.
The D layer in the ionosphere causes errors by day for an NDB system and errors by night for a VOR system:
A) maximum; maximum B) no; no
C) maximum; no
D) no; maximum
Which of the following is the ICAO allocated frequency band for ADF receivers?
A) 300 - 3000 kHz. B) 200 - 1750 kHz.
C) 200 - 2000 kHz.
D) 255 - 455 kHz. The accuracy of ADF within the DOC by day is:
A) +/-10 deg. B) +/-1 deg.
C) +/-2 deg.
D) +/-5 deg. Aircraft heading 225(M), ADF RMI reading 090 the quadrantal error of this bearing:
A) proportional to sine heading times the signal strength. B) not much.
D) maximum. An NDB aerial is (i) so as to ensure the range is (ii) by minimising (iii) due to (iv):
A) (i) vertical; (ii) maximum; (iii) attenuation; (iv) atmospheric refraction B) (i) horizontal; (ii) maximum; (iii) diffraction; (iv) the ground wave
C) (i) vertical; (ii) maximum; (iii) attenuation; (iv) energy losses to the
D) (i) horizontal; (ii) maximum; (iii) refraction; (iv) the D layer
Long range NDBs normally employ:
To double the range of an NDB the power must be increased by a factor of:
When using ADF, the sky-wave (night) effect:
A) Occurs when two sky-wave signals from two different NDBs interfere with
B) Occurs when the signal from the desired NDB is interfered with by a long
distant sky- wave signal from another NDB operating at the same or a close frequency.
C) Is most dominant around dusk and dawn.
D) Is most dominant at the darkest time of the day.
F bearings by an aeroplane by day within the published protection range should be accurate to within a maximum error of:
C) +/-5 D) +/-10
41. A relative bearing indicator shows 030 . The heading of the aeroplane is 090 M. The intercept angle for a course to the NDB of 180 M is:
C) 120 D) 60
An aircraft heading 135 (M) with 13 Right drift intercepts the 082 (M) track outbound from an NDB. The relative bearing of the NDB that confirms track interception is:
A) 132 Relative.
B) 137 Relative.
C) 122 Relative.
D) 127 Relative.
Errors caused by the effect of coastal refraction on bearings at lower altitudes are maximum when the NDB is:
A) near the coast and the bearing crosses the coast at an acute angle.
B) inland and the bearing crosses the coast at right angles.
C) near the coast and the bearing crosses the coast at right angles.
D) inland and the bearing crosses the coast at an acute angle.
An aircraft heading 200 (M) has an ADF reading of 160 Relative. The heading to steer to intercept the 150 track outbound from the NDB at 30 is:
A) 110 (M) B) 140 (M)
C) 130 (M)
D) 120 (M)
An RMI shows the bearing of an NDB as 020 . The heading of the aeroplane is 020 M. In order to intercept an outbound course of 330 (from the NDB) at an angle of 40 , the aeroplanes heading should be altered to:
When the induced signals from the loop and sense antenna are combined in an ADF receiver, the resultant polar diagram is:
A) a limacon.
B) None of the above
C) a cardioid.
D) a bi-lobal circular.
Coastal refraction on an ADF bearing will be increased if the:
A) aircraft is further away from the coast. B) aircraft is nearer the coast.
C) beacon is further inland..
D) beacon is nearer the coast.
Fading of an ADF signal, together with a hunting needle, is an indication of:
A) night effect.
B) thunderstorm effect.
C) mountain effect. D) quadrantal error.
The ADF reception loop is always used so that the electromotive force (EMF):
A) induced is zero.
B) induced is maximum.
C) is zero.
D) is maximum.
Homing on an NDB:
A) Calls for an assessment of the drift.
B) Is most effective in strong winds. C) Will in most situations result in frequent heading changes when approaching the NDB.
D) Will result in passing the NDB along the planned track.
Which of the following is likely to have the greatest effect on ADF accuracy?
A) Mutual interference between aircraft aerials.
B) Interference from other NDBs, particularly at night.
C) Frequency drift at the ground station. D) Interference from other NDBs, particularly during the day.
When using a N0N A2A NDB the BFO should be:
A) off for tuning and off for identification. B) off for tuning and on for identification.
C) on for tuning and on for identification.
D) on for tuning and off for identification.
What is the approved frequency band assigned to aeronautical NDBs?
A) 190-1750 MHz
B) 190-1750 GHz
C) 190-1750 kHz D) 190-1750 Hz
An aircraft heading 130 (M) has an ADF reading of 190 Relative is to intercept the 170 (M) track outbound from an NDB at 30 . The relative bearing of the NDB that confirms track interception is:
A) 150 Relative.
B) 140 Relative.
C) 170 Relative. D) 160 Relative.
The nominal maximum range of an NDB with a transmitter power is 200 watts is:
A) 200 to 220 nm. B) 50 to 60 nm.
C) 100 to 120 nm.
D) 150 to 170 nm. Given: Compass heading 270 Deviation 2 W Variation 30 E Relative bearing 316 What is the QDR?
A) 224 B) 226
D) 044 Which of the following factors could cause an error of an ADF bearing of an NDB?
A) Phase interference B) Night effect.
D) Atmospheric scatter. Of the bearing indicators available for use on ADFs, the most sophisticated one is:
A) The Radio Magnetic Indicator. B) The Manually Rotateable Card.
C) The Relative Bearing Indicator.
D) The Deviation Indicator. If an NDB with a transmitter power of 25 KW which has a range of 50 nm is adjusted to give a power output of 100 KW the new range of the NDB will be approximately:
A) 200 nm
B) 100 nm
C) 300 nm D) 400 nm Which of the following is true about the ADF?
A) Sky waves do not affect the bearing accuracy provided they come from
the correct NDB.
B) It does not have a signal failure warning. C) Its accuracy is the same by day and by night.
D) It should not be used at night because of sky waves.
61. An aircraft heading 130 (M) has an ADF reading of 190 Relative. The alteration of heading required to intercept the 170 track outbound from the NDB at 30 is:
A) 70 right. B) 80 right.
C) 60 right.
D) 50 right.
The approximate range of a 10 KW NDB over the sea is:
A) 100 nm B) 500 nm
C) 50 nm
D) 1000 nm When is coastal error its worst for an aircraft at low level?
A) Beacon close to the coast at 90 to the coast. B) Beacon close to the coast at an acute angle to the coast.
C) Beacon inland at 90 to the coast.
D) Beacon inland at an acute angle to the coast. With a transmission from an NDB aerial, the ... component travels in the ... plane and the signal is ... polarised.
A) magnetic; horizontal; vertically.
B) magnetic; vertical; horizontally.
C) electrical; horizontal; vertically. D) electrical; vertical; horizontally.
An aircraft is flying a constant heading with 8 right drift and is making good a track parallel to the centre line of an airway but 5 nm off to the left of the centreline. The ADF reading of a NDB on the airway centreline 42 nm ahead of the aircraft is:
A) 015 Relative.
B) 011 Relative.
C) 001 Relative.
D) 002 Relative.
When ADF equipment which incorporates a sense aerial and a loop aerial is tuned to a NDB and the loop aerial is rotated so that a sharp null is found the aerial is:
A) either at right angles or in line with the incoming signals.
B) at right angles to the incoming signals. C) aligned with the aircraft nose.
D) in line with the incoming signals. The promulgated range for an NDB is applicable:
A) during daytime only.
B) during night time only. C) at all times.
D) throughout 24 hours, but is most prone to error around dusk and dawn. Night Effect which causes loss of signal and fading, resulting in bearing errors from NDB transmissions, is due to:
A) interference from other transmissions and is maximum at dusk when east of the NDB.
B) the effect of the Aurora Borealis.
C) static activity increasing at night particularly in the lower frequency band. D) skywave distortion of the null position and is maximum at dawn and dusk.
When ADF equipment which incorporates a sense aerial and a loop aerial is tuned to an NDB and the loop is rotated so that a sharp null is found, the aerial is:
A) in line with the incoming signals.
B) at right angles with the incoming signals.
C) parallel to the incoming signals. D) aligned with the aircraft nose
The result of flying towards a NDB maintaining a 000 relative bearing with a crosswind is:
A) the aircrafts track remains unchanged.
B) the aircraft's track curves to the upwind side of the NDB.
C) the heading remains constant. D) the aircrafts track curves to the downwind of the NDB.
An aircraft heading 325 (M) has an ADF reading of 330 Relative. The heading to steer to intercept the 280 track inbound to the NDB at 50 is:
A) 330(M) B) 340(M)
D) 310(M) A radio beacon has an operational range of 10 NM. By what factor should the transmitter power be increased in order to achieve an operational range of 20 NM?
An aeroplane is flying parallel to a coast. Which of the following NDBs will give the greatest coastal refraction LOP error?
A) NDB sited 30 nm inland-RBI 330 .
B) NDB sited on the coast-RBI 330 . C) NDB sited on the coast-RBI 300 .
D) NDB sited 30 nm inland-RBI 300 . Flying in the vicinity of CB clouds and using ADF:
A) Strong static emitted from the CB may cause the ADF needle to deflect
towards the CB. B) All 3 answers are correct. C) The ANT position of the function switch should be used when listening for NDB ID.
D) The static emitted from the CB will fade soon after you have passed it.
In order to obtain an ADF bearing the:
A) BFO switch must be selected to ON.
B) signal must be received by both the sense and loop aerials.
C) mode selector should be switched to LOOP.
D) sense aerial must be tuned separately.
The BFO selector on an ADF receiver is used to:
A) hear the IDENT and must always be switched ON. B) find the loop NULL position.
C) stop loop rotation.
D) hear the IDENT of some NDB stations radiating a continuous wave signal. The inbound track to NDB GDV is 075 (T), Variation 10 W, drift 7 Right. The RMI ADF bearing to maintain to reach GDV is
C) 085 D) 075
When considering the propagation of ADF transmissions night effect is most pronounced:
A) when flying at low altitude.
B) at or near the coast.
C) at dusk and dawn. D) during the long winter nights.
An aircraft is HOMING to a radio beacon whilst maintaining a relative bearing of zero. If the magnetic heading decreases, the aircraft is experiencing:
A) left drift. B) right drift.
C) a wind from the west.
D) zero drift. What is the wavelength of an NDB transmitting on 375 kHz?
A) 80 m B) 8000 m
C) 800 m
D) 8 m
81. An aircraft heading 315 M shows an NDB bearing 180 on the RMI. Any quadrantal error affecting the accuracy of this bearing is likely to be:
A) zero, as quadrantal errors are not found on the RMI.
B) zero, as quadrantal errors affect only the VOR.
C) at a minimum. D) at a maximum. While correctly tuned to an NDB transmitting a N0N A1A signal the BFO is switched on. What would you hear:
A) no signal noise. B) both the identification and the tone.
C) the tone but not the identification.
D) the identification but not the tone.
Which one of the following disturbances is most likely to cause the greatest inaccuracy in ADF bearings?
A) Precipitation interference.
B) Coastal effect.
C) Quadrantal error.
D) Local thunderstorm activity. In an ADF system, night effect is most pronounced:
A) when the aircraft is at low altitude.
B) at dusk and dawn.
C) during long winter nights.
D) when the aircraft is at high altitude. The accuracy of ADF bearings is affected by precipitation static because:
A) the antenna leaks. B) electro-magnetic fields produced when rain strikes an aircraft reduce the
signal to noise ratio giving a broad null.
C) static produced by thunderstorms giving heavy rain attracts the ADF
D) the NDB transmission refracts as it passes through rain.
Which of the following factors could cause an error on an ADF bearing of an NDB:
A) night effect.
B) land/sea bias.
C) tropospheric scatter.
Quadrantal errors associated with aircraft Automatic Direction Finding (ADF) equipment are caused by:
A) signal bending caused by electrical interference from aircraft wiring.
B) signal bending by the aircraft metallic surfaces. C) misalignment of the loop aerial.
D) skywave/groundwave contamination.
CVOR & DVOR (including use of RMI): In order to plot a bearing from a VOR station, a pilot needs to know the magnetic variation:
A) at both the VOR and aircraft.
B) at the half-way point between the aircraft and the station. C) at the aircraft location.
D) at the VOR. The basic principle of operation of the VOR is by:
A) phase comparison between a 63 Hz reference signal and a 63 Hz variable signal.
B) phase comparison between a 30 Hz reference signal and a 30 Hz variable signal. C) phase comparison between a 30 Hz reference signal and a 63 Hz variable signal.
D) pulse difference between a 30 Hz reference signal and a 30 Hz variable signal. The basic principle of operation of a standard VOR is by:
A) phase difference between a frequency modulated reference signal and an amplitude modulated variable signal.
B) phase comparison between a 30 Hz reference signal and a 108 Mhz
C) phase comparison between an amplitude modulated reference signal and a frequency modulated variable signal.
D) phase comparison between a 108 Mhz reference signal and a 30 Hz
variable signal. An aircraft is flying on a heading of 270 (M). The VOR OBS is also set to 270 with the full left deflection and FROM flag displayed. In which sector is the aircraft from the VOR ground station:
C) NE D) NW
Given: Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) for a VOR is selected to 090 . From/To indicator indicates TO. CDI needle is deflected halfway to the right. On what radial is the aircraft?
A) 095 B) 085
D) 265 For a conventional VOR a phase difference of 090 deg would be achieved by flying ... from the beacon.
A) west B) north
The TO/FROM indicator of a VOR:
A) Tells whether the deviation indicator shows that you should manoeuvre the aircraft towards or from the CDI needle.
B) Tells whether you are now flying towards or from the VOR.
C) Tells whether you should turn the aircraft towards or away from the CDI
indication. D) Tells whether a track equal to the selected bearing will bring you to or
away from the VOR. If you correctly tuned in a VOT situated to your east, your RMI should read ... and your OBS would read...
A) 000; 000 with needle central and FROM indicated.
B) 090; 090 with needle central and TO indicated.
C) 000; 000 with needle central an TO indicated.
D) 090; 090 with needle central and FROM indicated.
Using a VOR outside the DOC may result in interference from:
A) other aircraft.
B) ground waves.
C) other beacons.
A VOR frequency is selected and VOR and DME indications are received on the appropriate indicators. The VOR ident is CPL and the DME CPZ. This indicates that VOR and DME transmitters are:
A) co-located, and the bearing and range can be plotted from the VOR position.
B) this indicates a TACAN installation. C) at two independent positions and are not related. D) serving the same location and may be plotted after checking the two positions. An aircraft is required to approach a VOR via the 104 radial. Which of the following settings should be made on the VOR/ILS deviation indicator?
A) 284 with the FROM flag showing.
B) 284 with the TO flag showing.
C) 104 with the FROM flag showing.
D) 104 with the TO flag showing.
Which of the following statements concerning the variable, or directional, signal of a conventional VOR is correct?
A) The transmitter changes the frequency of the variable signal by 30 Hz
either side of the allocated frequency each time it rotates. B) The rotation of the variable signal at a rate of 30 times per second gives
it the characteristics of a 30 Hz amplitude modulation.
C) The transmitter varies the amplitude of the variable signal by 30 Hz each
time it rotates.
D) The receiver adds 30 Hz to the variable signal before combining it with the reference signal.
If the signal from a VOR is lost, how is this shown on the B737-400 EHSI display?
A) A flashing red FAIL message appears in the frequency location. B) By showing a fail flag alongside the deviation bar.
C) An amber FAIL message appears in the frequency location.
D) By removal of the deviation bar and pointer. An aircraft heading 140 (M) bears 320 (T) from a VOR (VAR 10 E). The bearing, selected on the OBS which would make the VOR/ILS deviation indicator show TO would be:
C) 330 D) 120
The principle used in VOR bearing measurement is:
A) beat frequency discrimination.
B) envelope matching.
C) phase comparison. D) difference in depth of modulation.
The antenna polar diagram of a conventional VOR:
A) Is a pencil beam.
B) Is like a figure of 8.
C) Rotates at 30 revolutions per second. D) Is always directed towards the aircraft.
An aircraft is on a bearing of 263 (M) from a VOR station. If the OBI is set to 091, the deviation indicator will show:
A) FROM and fly left 4 dots. B) TO and fly right 4 dots.
C) TO and fly left 4 dots.
D) FROM and fly right 4 dots. An aircraft at FL 100 should be able to receive a VOR ground station at 100 FT above MSL at an approximate maximum range of:
A) 130 NM
B) 135 NM
C) 142 NM
D) 123 NM
An aircraft is tracking inbound to a VOR beacon on the 105 radial. The setting the pilot should put on the OBS and the CDI indications are:
A) 285, FROM.
B) 285, TO. C) 105, TO.
D) 105, FROM.
An aircraft at FL 100 should be able to receive a VOR ground station at 100 FT above MSL at an approximate maximum range of:
A) 142 NM
B) 135 NM
C) 130 NM D) 123 NM
21. You are in an aircraft on a heading of 280 (M) and on a bearing of 090 (M) from a VOR. The bearing you should select on the omni-bearing selector in order to centralise the deviation needle with TO showing is:
An aircraft is tracking the 065 radial inbound to VOR X. With 12 port drift which of the Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) indications will be correct when crossing the 133 radial from VOR Y?
A) B B) A
The captain of an aircraft flying at FL100 wishes to obtain weather information at the destination airfield from the airfields VOR. At what maximum theoretical range will it be possible to obtain this information?
A) 12.3 NM
B) 123 km
C) 1230 km D) 123 NM If an aircraft flies along a VOR radial it will follow a:
A) rhumbline track.
B) line of constant bearing.
C) constant magnetic track. D) great circle track.
Transmissions from VOR facilities may be adversely affected by:
A) night effect. B) static interference.
C) quadrantal error.
D) uneven propagation over irregular ground surfaces. An RMI slaved to a remote indicating compass has gone unserviceable and is locked on to a reading of 090 . The tail of the VOR pointer shows 135 . The available information from the VOR is:
A) Radial 315 , relative bearing unknown.
B) Radial unknown, relative bearing 225 . C) Radial 135 , relative bearing unknown.
D) Radial unknown, relative bearing 045 . An aircraft at 6.000 amsl is attempting to receive a VOR signal from a station at 240 amsl. Assuming no other factors are involved the maximum range at which the signal could be detected is:
A) 151 nm
B) 151 km
C) 116 km
D) 116 nm Using a VOR beyond the limits of the DOC may result in:
A) loss of signal due to line of sight limitations.
B) scalloping errors.
C) interference from other VOR s operating on the same frequency. D) skywave contamination of the VOR signal. The frequency range of a VOR receiver is:
A) 108 to 135.95 MHz.
B) 108 to 117.95 MHz.
C) 108 to 111.95 MHz.
D) 118 to 135.95 MHz. An aircraft heading 140 (M) bears 320 (T) from a VOR (VAR 10 E). The bearing, selected on the OBS which would make the VOR/ILS deviation indicator show TO would be:
C) 120 D) 130 The ICAO designation for VOR is:
C) A9W D) A3W
The principle advantage of Doppler VOR is that:
A) the effective range is increased. B) site errors are considerably reduced.
C) transmitter frequency instability is minimised.
D) a readout of range as well as bearing is obtained. An aircraft is 100 NM from a VOR facility. Assuming no error when using a deviation indicator where 1 dot = 2 deviation, how many dots deviation from the centre line of the instrument will represent the limits of the airway boundary? (Assume that the airway is 10 NM wide)
A) 1.5 B) 3.0
D) 6.0 When a maximum range and altitude is published for a VOR?
A) The terrain will cause bends and/or scalloping on the VOR signal and make it inaccurate outside standards in the airspace outside the
B) The reception from this VOR is guaranteed free from harmful interference
from other VORs when you are within this airspace.
C) The signal from the VOR will be too weak to provide information when you are outside this airspace.
D) You are guaranteed to receive no interference to the VOR signal from
other radio transmissions as long as you are within the air space
What is the maximum theoretical range that an aircraft at FL150 can receive signals from a VOR situated 609 feet above MSL?
A) 184 NM
B) 156 NM C) 147 NM
D) 220 NM An aircraft is required to approach a VOR station via the 244 radial. In order to obtain correct sense indications the deviation indicator should be set to:
A) 244 with the FROM flag showing.
B) 244 with the TO flag showing.
C) 064 with the TO flag showing.
D) 064 with the FROM flag showing.
An aircraft is on a bearing of 263 (M) from a VOR station, the OBI is set to 091 , the deviation indicator will show:
A) FROM and fly left 4 dots.
B) TO and fly right 4 dots. C) TO and fly left 4 dots.
D) FROM and fly right 4 dots.
An aircraft is over flying a VOR at 30.000 ft, at a groundspeed of 300 kt. The maximum time during which no usable signals will be received (in minutes and seconds) is:
C) 4.40 D) 2.25
Which of the following can affect the accuracy of VOR?
A) Sky waves.
B) Thunderstorms nearby.
C) Night effect. D) Coastal refraction.
41. With reference to a VOR, the cone of confusion is:
A) the change over from TO to FROM when the OBS is set 90 to the radial. B) the area outside the DOC.
C) the area directly overhead a VOR.
D) the change over from TO to FROM when the OBS is set 90 to the radial. In order to establish what radial you are on, you could:
A) Read the OBS when the CDI is centred and the TO/FROM is showing TO. B) Turn the aircraft until the CDI is centred. The aircraft magnetic heading is
now the reciprocal of the radial you are on.
C) Turn the OBS to make the TO/FROM change from TO to FROM. The OBS
is now indicating the radial you are on. D) Rotate the OBS until the CDI gets centred and the TO/FROM indicator is
showing FROM. Then read the radial on the OBS. An aircraft is flying on the true track 090 towards a VOR station located near the equator where the magnetic variation is 15 E. The variation at the aircraft position is 8 E. The aircraft is on VOR radial:
A) 262 .
B) 278 .
C) 285 .
D) 255 . An aircraft on a heading of 270 (M) has 093 set on the OBS and TO indicated on the VOR L/R deviation indicator. The needle shows two dots fly left. The aircraft is on the:
A) 089 radial
B) 269 radial
C) 277 radial. D) 097 radial
Given: VOR station position N61 E025 , variation 13 E; Estimated position of an aircraft N59 E025 , variation 20 E. What VOR radial is the aircraft on?
A) 347 .
B) 167 .
C) 193 . D) 160 .
In which frequency band do VOR transmitters operate?
C) EHF D) VHF
An aircraft is on a VOR radial of 235 , heading 003 (M), and with the OBS set to 060. The correct indications are:
A) FROM; 1/2 Scale deflection to the left. B) TO; 1/2 Scale deflection to the left.
C) TO; 1/2 Scale deflection to the right.
D) FROM; 1/2 Scale deflection to the right. A VOR frequency is selected and VOR and DME indications are received on the appropriate indicators. The VOR ident is GDV and the DME MFT. This indicates that VOR and DME transmitters are:
A) this indicates that GDV is a TACAN installation. B) serving the same location and may be plotted after checking the two positions.
C) co-located, and the bearing and range can be plotted from the VOR position.
D) at two independent positions and are not related. During maintenance, malfunction or testing the identification signal of a VOR transmitter is (i) by (ii) or (iii).
A) (i) removed; (ii) an antiphase signal; (iii) suppression
B) (i) suppressed; (ii) a continuous tone; (iii) removed
C) (i) suppressed; (ii) a modulated tone; (iii) suppression D) (i) replaced; (ii) a continuous tone; (iii) morse letter S
The RMI indicates aircraft magnetic heading. To convert the RMI bearings of NDBs and VOR s to true bearings the correct positions to read magnetic variation are: (VOR), (NDB)
A) beacon position, beacon position. B) beacon position, aircraft position.
C) aircraft position, beacon position.
D) aircraft position, aircraft position. A VOR is sited at position A (45 00N, 010 00E). An aircraft is located at position B (44 00N, 010 00E). Assuming that the magnetic variation at A is 10 W and at B is 15 W, the aircraft is on VOR radial:
B) 185 C) 190
An airway 10 NM wide is to be defined by two VOR s each having a resultant bearing accuracy of plus or minus 5.5 . In order to ensure accurate track guidance within the airway limits the maximum distance apart for the transmitter is approximately:
A) 105 NM. B) 165 NM.
C) 50 NM.
D) 210 NM. What is the approved frequency band assigned to VOR?
A) 108-117,975 MHz which is LF B) 108-117,975 MHz which is VHF
C) 108-117,975 MHz which is MF
D) 108-117,975 MHz which is HF For an aircraft at 30.000 ft what is the maximum radius above a VOR where unreliable or no signals at all may be received:
A) 2 nm.
B) 5 nm
C) 3 nm
D) 4 nm
The maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL210 may receive signals from a VOR facility sited 340 feet above mean sea level is approximately:
A) 204 NM.
B) 183 NM. C) 245 NM.
D) 163 NM. When using an RMI as an indicator for the VOR receiver?
A) You will read the drift as the angle between the OBS bug and the tip of the VOR needle.
B) You will read the number of the received radial under the tail of the VOR needle.
C) You will read the number of the received radial under the tip of the VOR needle. D) The TO/FROM indication on the RMI will indicate which way to turn the aircraft in order
to fly towards the VOR station being received The VOR in an aircraft is correctly tuned and set to define the centre line of a standard airway. The signal received on the VOR/ILS deviation indicator is shown. At the same time the DME gives a range of 45 nm from the facility. The aircraft is displaced from the centre line by:
A) 4 nm
B) 9 nm
C) 10 nm D) 8 nm
When tracking a VOR radial inbound the aircraft would fly?
A) a rhumb line track. B) a constant track.
C) a constant heading.
D) a great circle track.
The VOR in an aircraft is correctly tuned and set to define the centre line of a standard airway. The signal received on the VOR/ILS deviation indicator is shown. At the same time the DME gives a range of 45 nm from the facility. Assuming still air conditions, on regaining the centre line, it will be necessary to make the following:
A) right onto 085 B) left onto 085
C) left onto 275
D) right onto 275
A VOT is:
A) a trial VOR.
B) a tracking VOR C) a terminal VOR.
D) a test VOR.
The approximate width of the cone of confusion at 15.000 ft overhead a VOR beacon should not be greater than?
A) 4 nm B) 2 nm
C) 3 nm
D) 6 nm
61. When using a DVOR, the pilot should be aware that the reference and variable signals are reversed. This:
A) reverses the indications. B) improves the accuracy.
C) improves the range.
D) does not affect the VOR indications in any way.
An aircraft at 6400 FT will be able to receive a VOR ground station at 100 FT above MSL at an approximate maximum range of:
A) 110 NM
B) 120 NM
C) 90 NM
D) 100 NM
An aircraft on a heading of 270 (M) has 093 set on the OBS and TO indicated on the VOR L/R deviation indicator. With the needle showing 2 dots fly left the aircraft is situated on:
A) 089 radial.
B) 269 radial.
C) 277 radial. D) 097 radial.
With reference to the VOR:
A) A typical VOR frequency is 118.15 Mhz.
B) Failure of the monitor will cause the beacon to cease its ident.
C) Wide coverage is obtained from only a few beacons. D) The TO/FROM indicator shows whether the aircraft is heading towards or
away from the beacon. An aeroplane is on radial 070 of a VOR, HDG is 270 . If the OBS is set to 260 , the CDI will show:
A) fly right FROM
B) fly left FROM C) fly right TO.
D) fly left TO. If the reference phase differs 30 with the variable phase the radial from the VOR station will be:
B) 210 C) 330
D) 150 The two signals transmitted by a conventional VOR ground station are 90 out of phase on magnetic:
B) east. C) north.
D) south. Which of the following lists information required to input a waypoint or Phantom Station into a basic VOR/DME- based Area Navigation System?
A) Magnetic track and distance from the aircraft to the waypoint or Phantom Station.
B) Radial and distance from a VOR/DME to the waypoint or Phantom Station.
C) Magnetic track and distance to a VOR/DME from the Waypoint or
Phantom Station. D) Radials from a minimum of two VOR s to the waypoint or Phantom Station. An aircraft is on radial 120 with a magnetic heading of 300 , the track selector (OBS) reads: 330. The indications on the Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) are fly:
A) left with TO showing. B) left with FROM showing.
C) right with FROM showing.
D) right with TO showing.
A VOR is sited at position 58 00 N 073 00 W where the magnetic variation equals 32 W. An aircraft is located at position 56 00 N 073 00 W where the magnetic variation equals 28 W. The aircraft is on VOR radial:
A) 212. B) 360.
D) 208. An aircraft is on a heading of 100 degrees (m) from a VOR. To make the VOR/ILS deviation indicator needle centralise with the TO flag showing, the following bearing should be selected on the OBS:
A) 280 degrees.
B) 100 degrees.
C) 110 degrees.
D) 290 degrees.
Given: Magnetic heading 280 VOR radial 090 What bearing should be selected on the omni-bearing selector in order to centralise the VOR deviation needle with a TO indication?
B) 270 C) 090
D) 280 An aircraft is attempting to track 186 M on an airway defined by a VOR 80nm away. The VOR indicator indicates the aircraft position. With these indications the aircraft is on the... radial and ... the airway.
A) 001 , inside. B) 001 , outside.
C) 181 , outside.
D) 181 , inside.
When the warning flag on a VOR indicator appears, it may indicate?
A) That no signal is received.
B) That the received signal is too week to be processed in the receiver. C) All 3 answers are correct.
D) That the quality of the received signal is so poor that a stable
establishment of phase difference between the reference and the variable
signal is not possible.
If VOR bearing information is used beyond the published protection range, errors could be caused by:
A) interference from other transmitters. B) sky wave interference from the same transmitter.
C) sky wave interference from distant transmitters on the same frequency. D) noise from precipitation static exceeding the signal strength of the transmitter. Which frequency band is used by VOR transmissions?
D) SHF The average total system error using VOR is:
A) +/- 2,5
B) +/- 3,5
C) +/- 7,5
D) +/- 5 An Omni-bearing selector (OBS) shows full deflection to the left when within range of a serviceable VOR. What angular deviation are you from the selected radial?
A) less than 10 .
B) 10 or more.
C) 2.5 or more
D) 1.5 or more.
If the compass providing information to the RMI suddenly gets a 20 deviation:
A) all 3 answers are correct. B) the number of the received radial may still be read on the compass card under the tail of
the VOR needle. C) the magnetic track to the VOR station may be read on the compass card under the tip of
the VOR needle. D) the relative bearing to the VOR, as observed on the RMI, will jump 20 .
The letters QTX and adjacent symbol indicate a:
C) Airport D) TACAN
81. An aircraft on a heading of 280 (M) is on a bearing of 090 (M) from a VOR. The bearing you
should select on the OMNI bearing selector to centralise the VOR/ILS left/right deviation needle with a
TO indication is:
The basic principle of VOR is:
A) bearing by phase comparison. B) bearing by frequency and amplitude modulation.
C) range by phase comparison.
D) range by frequency and amplitude modulation. Using a 5 dot CDI, how many dots would show for an aircraft on the edge of an airway at 100 nm from the VOR beacon?
C) 2.5 D) 1.5
Refer to the diagram of a VOR/ILS deviation indicator. Assume that the indicator is set to define the centreline of an airway, that the aircraft is 90nm from the VOR and inbound to the facility. At the time of observation the aircraft was located on radial:
The VOR system is limited to about 1 of accuracy. One degree at 200 NM represents a width of:
A) 3.5 NM.
B) 3.0 NM.
C) 2.0 NM.
D) 2.5 NM.
Given: Aircraft heading 160 (M). Aircraft is on radial 240 from a VOR. Selected course on HSI is 250 . The HSI indications are deviation bar:
A) ahead of the aeroplane symbol with the FROM flag showing. B) behind the aeroplane symbol with the FROM flag showing.
C) behind the aeroplane symbol with the TO flag showing.
D) ahead of the aeroplane symbol with the TO flag showing.
DME (Distance measuring equipment): In the DME system:
A) The channels are referred to as " X" channels paired with VORs and " Y"
channels paired with ILS localizers. B) The receive and the transmit frequency is always split by 63 MHz.
C) The operation is similar to a primary radar system.
D) The aircraft equipment is called a transponder.
During a flight at FL 210, a pilot does not receive any DME distance indication from a DME station located approximately 220 NM away. The reason for this is that the:
A) range of a DME system is always less than 200 NM.
B) altitude is too high.
C) aeroplane is below the line of sight altitude.
D) aeroplane is circling around the station.
An X channel DME transponder will not reply to a Y channel interrogation, because:
A) the spacing between the X and Y interrogation pulses is different.
B) the interrogation and reply frequencies are 126 Mhz apart.
C) the Y channel accepts three pulse interrogations only.
D) the x channel accepts three pulse interrogations only,
An aircraft will not accept replies from its own transmissions that are reflected from the ground because the:
A) random PRF which is unique to each transmitter.
B) interrogation and reply frequencies are 63 Mhz apart.
C) pulses are transmitted in pairs. D) the aircrafts registration is embedded onto the signal.
If an ident signal is received once in 30 seconds on a frequency paired VOR/DME, then:
A) the TACAN signal is degraded.
B) the DME only is operational.
C) the VOR only is operational.
D) both facilities are operational.
When can an ILS back beam be received in the:
B) when flying in the area forward the localiser aerial
C) only at installations where this facility exists.
D) when flying in the area behind the localiser aerial.
A) secondary radar. B) primary radar.
C) primary radar from the aircraft and secondary radar from the ground.
D) primary radar from the ground and secondary radar from the aircraft.
What is the maximum distance apart, in metres, that an associated en-route VOR/DME can be sited?
A) 30 m. B) 2000 m.
C) 300 m.
D) 600 m. DME distinguishes between its signals returning from the ground equipment and signals reflected from the ground because:
A) they are differently modulated.
B) the time delay between transmitted and received signals is incorrect.
C) they are at different frequencies. D) they carry a unique coding sequence.
The DME frequency band is:
C) HF D) FM
An aircrafts DME receiver will accept replies to its own interrogations from a DME transponder and ignore replies to interrogations from other aircraft because the:
A) interrogation and reply frequencies are 126 Mhz apart. B) random PRF which is unique to each transmitter.
C) pulses are transmitted in pairs.
D) interrogation and reply frequencies are 63 Mhz apart. Which of the following statements is TRUE in respect to microwave landing system?
A) Azimuth and elevation signals are transmitted at the same UHF frequency.
B) Range information is provided by precision DME operating in the UHF.
C) Azimuth and elevation signals use the same aerial on a time share basic.
D) A special precision DME, operating in the SHF band, provides range
A DME that has difficulty obtaining a lock-on: (NOTE: PRF = pulse recurrence frequency, PPS = pulses per second)
A) alternates search mode with periods of memory mode lasting 10 seconds.
B) stays in search mode without a reduction in PRF. C) stays in search mode but reduces PRF to max. 60 PPS after 100 seconds.
D) stays in search mode but reduces PRF to max. 60 PPS after 15000 pulse
pairs have been transmitted. An aircraft DME receiver rejects pulses meant for other aircraft because:
A) the pulses are transmitted in pairs. B) the transmission and reply frequencies are 63 MHz apart.
C) the random PRF is unique to each aircraft.
D) the pulses are unique to each aircraft.
The DME automatic standby will activate the DME interrogator when:
A) there are too many aircraft in the area for it to service. B) random filler pulses from the transponder are received.
C) a VOR frequency that has a frequency paired DME is selected.
D) the DME ident signal is received.
Airborne DME equipment is able to discriminate between pulses intended for itself and pulses intended for other aircraft because:
A) each aircraft has its own frequency allocation. B) aircraft will only accept unique twin pulses. C) aircraft reject pulses not synchronised with its own random pulse recurrence rate.
D) aircraft transmit and receive on different frequencies.
An aircraft flying at flight level 250 wishes to interrogate a DME beacon situated 400 ft above mean sea level. What is the maximum range likely to be achieved?
A) 222 nm.
B) 175 nm.
C) 198 nm. D) 210 nm.
Consider the following statements on horizontal/slant distance when using DME:
A) The horizontal distance is always slightly longer than the slant distance.
B) The operator in the aircraft should always make a mental increase to the
indicated range, in order to compensate for the difference between
horizontal and slant distance.
C) The difference between the two distances will be negligible for en-route navigation when the indicated distance in NM is more than the height of
the aircraft above the DME site, stated in thousands of feet.
D) The difference between the two is automatically compensated for in all
What is the slant range error for an aircraft flying at 9000 feet absolute altitude above a DME located at elevation 2000 ft, when the slant range is 12 NM?
A) 0,57 NM.
B) 1,42 NM.
C) 0,31 NM.
D) 0,09 NM.
A DME receiver is able to distinguish between replies to its own interrogations and replies to other aircraft because:
A) Each aircraft transmits pulses at a random rate and will only accept
B) DME is secondary radar and each aircraft transmits and receives on a different frequency.
C) DME transponders reply to interrogations with twin pulses and the airborne
equipment ejects all other pulses.
D) When DME is in the search mode it will only accept pulses giving the correct range.
21. Referring to DME, during the search pattern before lock-on.
A) the airborne receiver checks 150 pulse pairs per second.
B) the ground receiver maintains the ground transmitter pulse pair
transmission rate at no more than 150 per second.
C) the aircraft transmits 24 pulse pairs per second and the receiver checks a maximum of 150 pulse pairs per second.
D) the airborne transmitter transmits 150 pulse pairs per second.
Of what use, if any, is a military TACAN station to civil aviation?
A) It is of no use to civil aviation.
B) It can provide a magnetic bearing.
C) It can provide a DME distance and magnetic bearing. D) It can provide DME distance.
A typical frequency employed in Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) is:
A) 1000 MHz
B) 10 MHz
C) 100 GHz D) 100 MHZ
The range indicated by DME is considered to be accurate to within:
A) 3% of range.
B) 0.2 nm.
C) 0.5 nm.
D) 1.25 % of range.
When VOR and DME stations are associated?
A) Their aerials will be mounted on top of each other.
B) Their IDs will in all respects be identical.
C) They may be separated by as much as 600 metres if they are meant for
en-route navigation. D) Their signals must be tuned in by VOR and DME sets in the aircraft having
common frequency control.
On a DME, display counters rotating throughout their range indicates:
A) the airborne equipment is conducting a frequency search.
B) ground equipment failure.
C) the airborne receiver is conducting a range search. D) airborne equipment failure.
An aircraft receives a reply pulse from a DME 1200 micro s after transmission of the interrogation pulse. The DME has a fixed delay of 50 micro s. The range of the aircraft from the DME station is:
A) 63 nm
B) 45 nm C) 93 nm
D) 75 nm
DME and VOR are frequency paired because:
A) cockpit workload is reduced. B) the same receiver can be used for both aids.
C) both ground transmitter aerials can be placed on the same site if
D) the VOR transmitter is easily converted to the required DME frequency.
Distance Measuring Equipment is an example of ... radar operating on a frequency of ... in the ... band.
A) secondary; 1214 MHz; UHF
B) primary; 8800 MHz; SHF C) primary; 9375MHz; SHF
D) secondary; 962 MHz; UHF A DME transponder becomes saturated if interrogated by a excessive number of aircraft. It will reply to the nearest:
A) 200 aircraft.
B) 50 aircraft.
C) 100 aircraft.
D) 150 aircraft. The maximum theoretical range of a DME at 460 ft amsl interrogated by an aircraft at FL 260 is:
A) 183 nm.
B) 228 nm.
C) 137 nm.
D) 190 nm. The aircraft DME receiver is able to accept replies to its own transmissions and reject replies to other aircraft interrogations because:
A) aircraft interrogation signals and transponder responses are 63 MHz
removed from each other.
B) transmission frequencies are 63 MHz different for each aircraft. C) pulse pairs are amplitude modulated with the aircraft registration.
D) pulse pairs are discreet to a particular aircraft. A DME receiver is able to distinguish between replies to its own interrogation pulses and those intended for other aircraft using the same transponder because:
A) DME transponders reply to interrogations by means of twin pulses and
the airborne equipment rejects all single pulses.
B) DME is a secondary radar and each aircraft transmits and receives on a
different frequency. C) each aircraft transmits pulses at a random rate (jittering) and will only
accept replies that match this randomisation.
D) when DME is in the range search mode it will accept only pulses
separated by + or - 63 Mhz from the interrogation frequency.
A DME and VOR have the same ident, are associated and are:
A) within 2.000 feet of each other. B) within 600 feet of each other.
C) always co-located.
D) within 100 feet of each other.
An aircraft DME interrogator transmits pair of pulses for limited periods at switch on. The transmission pattern is:
A) 150 pps for 100 seconds, thereafter 60 pps until lock on, then 27 pps. B) 270 pps for 100 seconds, thereafter 150 pps until lock on, then 25-30 pps.
C) 27000 pps for 100 seconds, thereafter 60 pps until lock on, then 30 pps.
D) 15000 pps for 100 seconds, thereafter 60 pps until lock on, then 27 pps.
The time interval between the transmission of a given DME interrogation pulse and the reception of the appropriate response pulse at the aircraft is 2 milli seconds. The slant range is:
A) 92 nm
B) 162 nm C) 323 nm
D) 73 nm
An aircraft DME receiver does not lock on to its own transmissions reflected from the ground because:
A) DME transmits twin pulses.
B) they are not on the receiver frequency.
C) the pulse recurrence rates are varied.
D) DME uses the UHF band.
System, or beacon, saturation of the DME system:
A) All 3 answers are correct.
B) Occurs when the aircraft DME set has been in operation for an extended period of time, without being put into the STANDBY mode.
C) Occurs when many aircraft, being at a long distance from the DME, are
demanding a reply.
D) May occur when more than 100 aircraft are demanding replies from a single ground station.
Referring to DME during the initial stage of the search pattern before lock-on:
A) the airborne transmitter transmits 150 pulses each second.
B) the ground receiver maintains the ground transmitter pulse transmission
rate at no more than 150 per second.
C) the airborne receiver checks 150 pulses each second.
D) the aircraft transmits 24 pulses per second and the receiver checks a maximum of 150 pulses per second.
For a VOR and a DME beacon to be said to be associated the aerial separation must not exceed ... in a terminal area and ... outside a terminal area.
A) 50 m; 200 m.
B) 100 m; 2000 m
C) 30m; 600m D) 50 feet; 200 feet
41. When using multiple DMEs in the RNAV configuration, errors in navigation can occur because:
A) the aircraft is outside their Promulgated Ranges.
B) it is difficult, if not impossible, to make a positive identification of the
beacon being used and thus confirm its DOC.
C) the ground beacon may be saturated by the number of aircraft interrogating it.
D) the aircraft is below their line of sight reception ranges. DME is a (i) radar operating in the (ii) band and transmits (iii).
A) (i) primary; (ii) SHF; (iii) CW pulses
B) (i) secondary; (ii) SHF; (iii) 2400 pulse pairs per second C) (i) secondary; (ii) UHF; (iii) pulse pairs
D) (i) primary; (ii) UHF; (iii) pulse pairs Height error has the greatest effect on accuracy when an aeroplane is:
A) at the base line bisector at high altitude.
B) over the base line extension at high altitude. C) over the base line extensions at low altitude.
D) at the base line bisector at low altitudes. Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) operates in the:
A) UHF band and is a primary radar system.
B) UHF band and is a secondary radar system. C) SHF band and uses frequency modulation techniques.
D) VHF band and uses the principle of phase comparison. For a conventional DME facility Beacon Saturation will occur whenever the number of simultaneous interrogations exceeds:
D) 100 The accuracy of a DME:
A) is approximately 2 nm. B) decreases with increase of range.
C) increases with increase of altitude.
D) is approximately 0.5 nm. The time taken for the transmission of an interrogation pulse by a Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) to travel to the ground transponder and return to the airborne receiver was 2000 micro-second. The slant range from the ground transponder was:
A) 330 NM. B) 165 NM.
C) 186 NM.
D) 296 NM.
The DME in an aircraft, cruising at FL210, fails to achieve lock on a DME at msl at a range of 210 nm. The reason for this is:
A) the aircraft is beyond the maximum usable range for DME.
B) the aircraft signal is too weak at that range to trigger a response.
C) the aircraft is beyond line of sight range. D) the beacon is saturated.
A DME station is located 1.000 feet above MSL. An aircraft flying at FL 370, 15 NM away from the DME station, will have a DME reading of:
A) 15 NM B) 14 NM
C) 16 NM
D) 17 NM A DME is located at MSL. An aircraft passing vertically above the station at flight level FL 360 will obtain a DME range of approximately:
A) 8 NM.
B) 6 NM.
C) 11 NM.
D) 7 NM.
A VOR and DME are co-located. You want to identify the DME by listening to the callsign. Having heard the same callsign 4 times in 30 seconds the:
A) VOR and DME callsigns were the same and broadcast with the same
pitch. B) DME callsign is the one with the lower pitch that was broadcast several
C) DME callsign is the one with the higher pitch that was broadcast only
once. D) DME callsign was not transmitted, the distance information is sufficient
proof of correct operation. The transmission frequency of a DME beacon is 63 MHz removed from the aircraft interrogator frequency to prevent:
A) interference from other radars.
B) static interference.
C) the airborne receiver locking on to primary returns from its own
D) receiver accepting replies intended for other interrogators.
Given height of aircraft 32.000 feet DME indicated range 16 nm. The actual range is:
A) 15,1 nm
B) 22,8 nm
C) 16,58 nm D) 6,58 nm
The frequency difference between the signal transmitted by the DME in an aircraft and the reply signal which is transmitted by the ground station is , and this difference ensures that the aircraft receiver does not lock-on to
A) 63 MHz; interrogation pulses from other aircraft. B) 6.3 MHz; interrogation pulses from other aircraft.
C) 63 GHz; ground reflected signals.
D) 63 MHz; ground reflected signals. The OFF flag on aircraft DME mileage displays indicate:
A) any of the above. B) the DME is searching.
C) the DME is off.
D) DME is tuned to the wrong frequency. In which of the following frequency bands does DME operate?
A) UHF B) VHF
D) EHF DME operates on frequencies and uses propagation:
A) VHF; space wave B) VHF; sky wave
C) UHF; space wave
D) UHF; sky wave An aircraft at FL 450 is 15 nm from a DME. The ground distance is:
A) 13.96 nm. B) 15.02 nm.
C) 15.04 nm.
D) 13.04 nm ICAO specifications are that range errors indicated by Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) should not exceed:
A) + or - 0.25 NM plus 1.25% of the distance measured.
B) + or - 1.2 5 NM plus 0.25% of the distance measured.
C) + or - 0.25 NM plus 3% of the distance measured up to a maximum of 5
NM. D) + or - 0.5 NM or 3% of the. distance measured whichever is the greater. The distance displayed by the DME indicator is:
A) slant range in statute miles.
B) correct ground range. C) slant range in nautical miles.
D) slant range in kilometres.
61. Groundspeed measurement using DME equipment is most accurate flying:
A) past the station at long range.
B) from the station at long range.
C) towards the station at short range.
D) past the station at short range.
In which situation will speed indications on an airborne Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) most closely represent the groundspeed of an aircraft flying at FL400?
A) When tracking directly away from the station at a range of 10 NM.
B) When overhead the station, with no change of heading at transit. C) When passing abeam the station and within 5 NM of it.
D) When tracking directly towards the station at a range of 100 NM or more. The greatest error between ground distance to the DME station and the indicated distance is:
A) high altitudes at maximum range.
B) low altitudes at maximum range. C) high altitudes close to the DME station.
D) low altitudes close to the DME station. The most accurate measurement of speed by DME for an aircraft at 30.000 ft will be when the aircraft is:
A) tracking away from the beacon at 100 nm.
B) passing abeam the beacon at 50 nm.
C) tracking towards the beacon at 10 nm.
D) overhead the beacon. An aircraft at FL 410 has a DME range of 14 nm. The ground range from the DME is:
A) 12.27 nm
B) 10.33 nm
C) 11.18 nm
D) 12 96 nm
If an NDB has a published range of 30 nm, its accuracy is:
A) is not protected in any way.
B) only guaranteed by day to that range.
C) guaranteed to that range.
D) only guaranteed at night to that range.
For a DME and a VOR to be said to be associated it is necessary for:
A) the aerial separation not to exceed 100 metres in a TMA or 2.000m
outside a TMA.
B) the DME to transmit on the same VHF frequency as the VOR.
C) the aerial separation not to exceed 100 feet in a TMA or 2.000 feet outside a TMA.
D) both beacons to have the same first two letters for their ident but the last
letter of the DME to be a Z.
The accuracy associated with DME is:
A) + or - 3% of range. B) + or - 1.25% of range.
C) + or - 0.2 nm.
D) + or - 3% of range, or 0.5 nm, whichever is greater. How many aircraft can a DME respond to simultaneously:
A) 50 B) 200
D) 150 A DME transponder does not respond to pulses received from radars other than DME because:
A) each aircraft transmits pulses at a random rate. B) DME transmits and receives on different frequencies.
C) DME only responds to the strongest 100 interrogators.
D) it will only accept the unique twin DME pulses. A VOR/DME share the same first two letters of their respective identifiers; the last identifying letter of the DME is a Z. This means that:
A) they are a maximum distance of 30m apart.
B) they are widely separated and do not serve the same location.
C) they are co-located.
D) they are more than 600m apart but serve the same location.
When a VOR is selected, the morse identifier codes PSV. The DME morse identifier codes PSZ. This means that:
A) the two aerials are not associated with each other but do meet the co-
location criteria. B) the two aids are associated and the aerials are less than 2.000 ft apart.
C) the two transmitter aerials do not meet the co-location criteria.
D) the two aids are co-located and can be used for an airfield approach. What is the approved frequency band assigned to DME?
A) 960-1215 MHz which is SHF B) 960-1215 MHz which is UHF
C) 960-1215 MHz which is EHF
D) 960-1215 MHz which is VHF The DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) operates within the following frequencies:
A) 329 to 335 MHz B) 962 to 1213 MHz
C) 108 to 118 MHz
D) 962 to 1213 kHz
When a DME is used instead of marker beacons to provide range to the threshold on an ILS approach and where the DME frequency is paired with the ILS, the DME indications should not be used at altitudes greater than:
A) 6.000 ft. B) 3.000 ft.
C) 25.000 ft
D) 10.000 ft An aircraft at FL360 is 10 nm plan range from a DME. The DME reading in the aircraft will be:
A) 8 nm. B) 13.6 nm.
C) 10 nm.
D) 11.7 nm. DME channels utilise frequencies of approximately:
A) 300 MHz B) 600 MHz
C) 110 MHz
D) 1000 MHz A DME beacon having a transmit frequency of 962 MHz would have a receive frequency of:
A) 1030 Mhz. B) 902 Mhz.
C) 1025 Mhz.
D) 962 Mhz. A DME in tracking mode subsequently experiences a reduction in signal strength will switch the equipment in the first instance to:
A) signal controlled search.
B) memory mode.
C) search mode.
D) standby mode.
If a VOR station and a DME station, having different locations, are selected to provide a fix:
A) two positions, being ambiguous, will be presented.
B) two different IDs will have to be checked.
C) two sets, with separate frequency control, are required in the aircraft.
D) all 3 answers above are correct.
81. The airborne DME equipment will transmit pulse pairs at a comparatively high PRF:
A) At all times, except when the panel control LO is operated. B) Whenever a stable signal is being received from the selected ground
C) When the distance presented is above 50 NM.
D) When first switched on and after a channel selection.
The aircraft DME receiver cannot lock on to interrogation signals reflected from the ground because: A) reflections are subject to doppler frequency shift. B) DME transmits twin pulses.
C) DME pulse recurrence rates are varied. D) aircraft transmitter and DME ground station are transmitting on different frequencies.
The DME indication when an aircraft is overhead a VOR/DME station at 6000 ft: A) 0,5 nm B) 0,2 nm C) 1 nm
D) 1,3 nm
An aircraft DME receiver does not lock on to signals that are reflected from the ground because: A) the pulse recurrence rate is varied. B) DME uses the UHF band. C) reflections will not be at the correct frequency for the receiver. D) DME transmits twin pulses.
What is the maximum distance between VOR and DME/TACAN ground installations if they are to have the same morse code identifier? A) 60 m B) 600 m
C) 300 m D) 2000 m
The accuracy of DME at 100 nm slant range is within: A) 4 nm B) 1 nm C) 3 nm D) 2 nm
When identifying a co-located VOR/DME the following signals are heard in the Morse code every 30 seconds? A) 4 identifications with the DME at a lower tone. B) 4 identifications with the DME at a higher tone. C) no DME identification, but if the VOR identification is present and a range is indicated
then this shows that both are
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aerospace
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https://panarmenian.net/m/eng/news/280415
| 2022-08-17T11:15:23 |
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The Nagorno Karabakh (Artsakh) Defense Army on Wednesday, April 22 published pictures of an Azerbaijani Orbiter drone downed the previous day.
Azerbaijan's air forces have recently been flying in areas close to the line of contact with Karabakh for both educational and reconnaissance purposes, the Karabakh military said.
"In addition to various types of fighter jets and helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles are involved in those operations, which often try to violate Artsakh's airspace for reconnaissance purposes," the Tuesday statement said.
It was during one such flight on April 21 that Karabakh's air defense units downed the drone, the Army said.
The Karabakh Defense Ministry urged the Azerbaijani side against provocations and assured that any aggression will be retaliated.
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aerospace
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https://globalquiz.org/en/question/what-is-the-worlds-largest-aircraft-carrier-by-displacement/history/
| 2021-10-16T09:29:58 |
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What is the world's largest aircraft carrier by displacement?
USS John C. Stennis
USS Harry S. Truman
USS Gerald R. Ford
USS George H. W. Bush
The USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN 78) was delivered to the US Navy in May 2017, while initial operational capability is anticipated to be achieved in 2020. Its full load displacement is 100,000 t. It has the capacity to carry more than 75 aircraft, and can accommodate 4,539 personnel including ship’s company, air wing and other support staff.
reach: rather globalarmynavyshipsUnited States
+1 Very interesting! Ts
+1 Very interesting! Piper Perabo
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aerospace
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https://engineering.purdue.edu/PurdueSpaceDay
| 2016-07-27T21:27:30 |
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We are ready to inspire the next generation of astronauts! Registration opens September 1st.
Big things are happening, stay tuned!
We are committed to providing free STEM outreach in the community. Find out how you can help!
Purdue Space Day encourages future astronauts at the Indiana State Museum Bicentennial Expo
The 21st Purdue Space Day is happening soon, and our Executive Board is working hard on several new activities!
BTN LiveBIG: Purdue Space Day aims to inspire astronauts of tomorrow
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aerospace
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https://maritime-executive.com/article/f-35-lightening-jets-land-in-hms-queen-elizabeth-at-night
| 2021-08-05T17:38:09 |
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F-35 Lightning Jets Land in HMS Queen Elizabeth at Night
Four F-35 Lightning jets have completed night landings in HMS Queen Elizabeth.
The jets flew over U.K. waters on operational training that builds on successful trials completed last year off the coast of the U.S. In December, the first flight was made in U.K. waters (videos here).
HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales will be the first aircraft carriers in the world to be designed specifically to operate the Lightning jet. The “Short Take Off and Vertical Landing” Lightning jets also feature advanced sensors and stealth technology. The Lightning jets will be jointly manned by the Royal Air Force and the Royal Navy.
Defence Secretary Ben Wallace said: “Few countries in the world have the capacity and technology to deploy fighter jets from an aircraft carrier in the North Sea. These trials put the U.K. at the helm of fifth generation warfighting and cement the U.K. as a Tier 1 military power.”
The U.K. is expected to declare Initial Operating Capability by the end of 2020 and combined operational deployment is expected next year. The first operational deployment for HMS Queen Elizabeth 617 Squadron and a squadron of U.S. Marine Corps Lightning jets is due to take place in 2021. The U.K. currently owns 18 aircraft, with an additional order placed for 30 jets.
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aerospace
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https://www.journal-news.com/news/local-military/trump-seeks-52b-increase-defense-spending/FwOjWTGdCgfAWymZ6QowfO/
| 2021-12-09T03:48:27 |
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‘Will not be enough’
While the budget increase stands out against cuts to many domestic programs, some defense hawks said the amount proposed doesn’t reach the levels necessary to rebuild the military, restore readiness and address combating terrorism and rising adversary threats.
“While I support President Trump’s commitment and intent to rebuild the military, this budget request will not be enough to do what he has said is needed to improve military capabilities and readiness,” U.S. Rep. Mike Turner, R-Dayton, a member of the House Armed Services Committee, said in a statement.
A Pentagon official defended the size of the increase in a briefing Wednesday.
RELATED: Exclusive: Top Air Force general says ‘all programs at risk’
“Fifty-two billion is not chump change,” said Defense Department Comptroller John P. Roth. “We’re not going to solve the readiness problem in one year. We’re not going to modernize in one year.”
Under the Trump administration proposal, Air Force spending would rise to a total of $183 billion compared to $171.1 billion this fiscal year, and add 4,100 airmen and dozens of F-35 fighter planes, documents show. Acquisition spending, a key mission at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, would also rise. Research and development spending would be “stable,” said Michael Gessel, Dayton Development Coalition vice president of federal programs.
“On its face, it looks like good news for Wright-Patt,” but Congress isn’t likely to pass the federal budget President Donald Trump wants, said Loren B. Thompson, a senior defense analyst with the Virginia-based Lexington Institute and a defense industry consultant.
Gessel said the budget “positions Wright-Patterson for future growth.” He also said the defense plan is significant because it marks the first time the Trump administration asked for a round of base closures.
The budget did not include any major military construction dollars for Wright-Patterson.
RELATED: Air Force responds to Trump over Air Force One costs
The Air Force has struggled to restore readiness levels, which dropped to “historically low levels” four years ago and “will take years to fully rebuild,” an Air Force budget document says. The military branch wants to boost incentives to pilots and mechanics to reverse manpower shortages in the ranks.
Airmen in uniform would receive a 2.1 percent hike in military pay and civilian employees a 1.9 percent pay boost under the proposal. Military personnel would receive a 3.2 percent hike in a housing subsidy and 3.4 percent for basic allowance for subsistence, budget documents show.
More airmen in the ranks
The administration’s Air Force budget proposal raises the number of active duty airmen to 325,100, up 4,100 troops versus the prior year. The Air Guard would add 900 — boosting troop strength to 106,600 — while the Air Force Reserve would add 800, for a total of 69,800.
Research, development, test and evaluation spending would jump sharply to $25.4 billion, from $20.2 billion this year.
Procurement spending would jump to a total of $42 billion, an increase of about $1.1 billion compared to the current fiscal year.
The service branch plans to purchase 46 F-35A Joint Strike Fighters, part of a Defense Department plan to buy 70 of the jets for $10.3 billion.
The Air Force would purchase 15 KC-46 Pegasus refueling tanker jets for $3.1 billion, and spend $2 billion on research and development of the future B-21 Raider stealth bomber, the top acquisition priorities in addition to the controversial F-35, which has faced cost overruns and technical delays.
In a closely watched Wright-Patterson managed program criticized by Trump, spending on development of a future Boeing 747-8 to replace the current fleet of two presidential jets will rise to $434 million versus $322 million the year prior.
The budget spends millions to update the F-22 Raptor, F-16 Fighting Falcon and the F-15 Eagle and unmanned drones. It removes a retirement date for the long-serving U-2 spy plane.
Dead on arrival?
Eaglen acknowledged the proposals won’t get through Congress without revision.
“Members from Sen. (John) McCain to Sen. (John) Cornyn have said this budget is straight up DOA. They’re right,” he said. “But it is still a useful framing document for where DoD will invest the money once it comes even though that is likely a long time from now.”
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https://www.occar.int/occar-achieves-first-a400m-acceptance-full-delegation-de?redirect=/news%3Ff%255B0%255D%3Dmonth%253AJune%26f%255B1%255D%3Dmonth%253ASeptember%26f%255B2%255D%3Dprogramme%253A2%26f%255B3%255D%3Dprogramme%253A4%26f%255B4%255D%3Dprogramme%253A5%26f%255B5%255D%3Dprogramme%253A6%26f%255B6%255D%3Dprogramme%253A9%26f%255B7%255D%3Dprogramme%253A17%26f%255B8%255D%3Dyear%253A2009%26f%255B9%255D%3Dyear%253A2014%26f%255B10%255D%3Dyear%253A2020%26f%255B11%255D%3Dyear%253A2021%23news
| 2023-12-01T19:15:44 |
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OCCAR achieves first A400M acceptance with full delegation from DE
The Transfer of Title of A400M MSN103 was signed on 16 June, becoming the 87th aircraft delivered to Nations under the OCCAR contract. However, this one was an important achievement for OCCAR, as it was the first one to be completed with full delegation from Germany, allowing OCCAR to perform the inspections and functional checks on their behalf, and also completed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
OCCAR team after visual inspections (CIG) completion (11/05/2020)©Airbus
Under normal circumstances, the Buyer Delivery Team (BDT), composed of experts from Nations and OCCAR Seville team members, is in charge of the Individual Aircraft Acceptance and Delivery. However, the mobility restrictions imposed around Europe due to the COVID-19 pandemic made it impossible for German BDT members to be present in Seville for MSN103 acceptance. All stakeholders were involved in defining a workaround solution.
Airbus and OCCAR crew after first CAM flight completion (20/05/2020)©Airbus
Final agreement was achieved, delegating visual inspections and functional checks to the OCCAR Seville team. Following this approach, activities started on 4 May, with the visual inspections of all elements of the aircraft. Functional checks started on 12 May with an Engine Run, followed by further on-ground demonstrations, and peaking with two Customer Acceptance flights on 20 and 27 May, logging a total of 5h and 30min flight time, where all systems were successfully checked. Additionally, DE BDT colleagues were updated daily by OCCAR team members, and technical discussions were also held using OCCAR tele-conferencing tools, allowing DE to have proper visibility on the ongoing activities.
Rafael Botello (Airbus) and Flavien Brossaud (OCCAR) during Transfer of Title signature (16/06/2020) ©Airbus
All these activities were performed following strict H&S measures to minimise COVID-19 exposure, which required special efforts from everybody. With good will and hard work, all parties managed to avoid a halt in the production line, which would have caused a serious knock-on effect on subsequent aircraft.
Eventually, MSN103 performed its ferry flight to Germany on 22 June with a crew who travelled to Seville on another DE A400M.
For more information on the programme, please visit our web.
Mariano Baeza (OCCAR) receives aircraft keys during Delivery Ceremony (22/06/2020) ©Airbus
|
aerospace
|
http://compositealliance.com/products.php?prod=10
| 2021-08-01T06:21:07 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154163.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20210801061513-20210801091513-00323.warc.gz
| 0.870197 | 166 |
CC-MAIN-2021-31
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__218286258
|
en
|
Machining / Drilling
Final contour machining might be necessary after the demolding of many composite structures and components. Machining composites, especially carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) material presents many challenges. The material is not homogenous because of the combination of plastic matrix with carbon fiber reinforcement and reacts not so predictably compared to monolithic metallic materials. Some common challenges are splintering/fraying due to high-strength fiber, the plastic matrix is sensitive to heat and can melt or risks of delamination in the structure.
Our experience in designing and manufacturing custom made composite machining equipment will help minimize your risks while getting the performance, efficiency and quality you desire. Composite Alliance Corp will help you define the right technology and tooling for your edge-trimming, drilling and surface finishing applications.
|
aerospace
|
http://www.troop45bsa.org/outings/outingplan101602.htm
| 2016-08-27T15:18:04 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982921683.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823200841-00180-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.913648 | 739 |
CC-MAIN-2016-36
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-36__0__38677516
|
en
|
As part of the ongoing aviation program element the regular troop meeting on Wednesday, 16 October will be held at the Lebanon Airport. Signal Aviation, the local fixed base operator (FBO), has agreed to host our meeting and will offer tours of its facilities and the general aviation ramp. To top it off, the Lebanon Air Traffic Control Tower has also invited us to visit. Scouts working on Aviation merit badge will have the opportunity to complete some requirements. The Tower counts as a visit to a federal facility as required for Citizenship in the Nation merit badge.
This outing is actually the regular Wednesday evening troop meeting, but we will meet at the airport instead of the regular meeting place. We will meet in the lobby of Signal Aviation at our usual 7:00 pm start time and be directed to the space Signal Aviation has graciously agreed to provide for us. During the preopening, we will assess patrol structure and form provisional patrols as necessary. The opening ceromony will begin as usual at 7:15. Following the opening business each patrol will be assigned a list of tours led by Signal Aviation personnel and uniformed adult leaders. After each patrol has completed all the available activities, we will reconvene for the closing.
Activities will tenatively include:
Tour of the Signal Aviation maintenance and storage hangars
Tour of the general aviation ramp and flight line
Visit to the tower and tower cab
Supervised preflight inspection of a Signal Aviation training aircraft
Tour of Signal Aviation flight training facilty
These activities are tentative and will depend on workload and available personnel at the time of our visit.
2.2 Schedule of Events
Wednesday, 16 Oct 02
1900 -- Meet at Signal Aviation, Lebanon Airport
1915 -- Opening Ceremony
1925 -- Introductions of Signal Aviation personnel
2030 -- Reconvene for wrap-up and Closing Ceremony
2.3 Expected Conditions and Difficulty
This activity will involve spending some time outside on the ramp and getting from the Signal Aviation building to the Tower. Be prepared for the weather.
The ramp is a dangerous place. Pay attention to the instructions of your activity leader.
The people from the Tower and from Signal Aviation who are hosting this event are giving us their time and attention very generously. Please give them your respect and cooperation.
2.4 Special Requirements
This activity is open to all scouts, scouters, and parents.
3.0 Administration and Logistics
3.1 Announcement Date: 25 Sep 2002
3.2 Roster Closing Date: 16 Oct 2002
3.4.1 Individual Equipment
Class A uniform is required. Look sharp!
Outerwear for the weather.
Blue cards if applicable.
3.4.2 Patrol Equipment
3.4.3 Troop Equipment
Aviation MB pamphlet
3.5 Transportation Plan
Drop-off Point: Signal Aviation Parking Lot
Drop-off Time: 1900 Wed 16 Oct
Pickup Point: Signal Aviation Parking Lot
Pickup Time: Approx 2045 Wed 16 Oct
Driving Directions: From Rt12A in West Lebanon, take the airport access road up the hill towards the airport, but do not turn right toward the Main Terminal. Instead go straight (following the sign to Signal Aviation). At the top of the hill you will see the tower on the right. Signal Aviation is the large building just beyond. The parking lot is right in front of the building.
4.1 Planning Committee
4.2 Adult Leaders
Mr. Hoge, SMIC
Approved GCH 9Oct02
Return to index of Outings
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aerospace
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https://www.pedestrian.tv/news/flight-from-melb-turned-back-after-passenger-threatens-to-blow-the-plane-up/
| 2023-12-09T15:00:37 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100912.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209134916-20231209164916-00774.warc.gz
| 0.931373 | 122 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__91698157
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en
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A Malaysia Airlines flight from Melbourne to Kuala Lumpur was turned back last night after a “disruptive” and “threatening” passenger attempted to enter the plane’s cockpit holding an unidentified black device, after threatening fellow passengers he would “blow the plane up”.
— saroki (@saroki19) May 31, 2017
Following the incident on MH128, the disruptive passenger has been apprehended by airport security. Malaysia Airlines together with the Australian authorities will be investigating the incident.
The statement stresses that the airplane was not hijacked at any point in the altercation.
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aerospace
|
http://www.pagef30.com/2009/07/from-earth-to-mars-in-39-days-by-ion.html
| 2017-04-24T22:47:47 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119995.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00140-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.960311 | 517 |
CC-MAIN-2017-17
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__43404359
|
en
|
Saturday, July 25, 2009
Yay! This is an article from New Scientist explaining a successful test of the VASIMR engine on July 2. You can see a short video here explaining how VASIMR works.
This short video of the test alone is great too. Quite the sound it makes too (assuming the sound has something to do with the engine itself).
If you can't or don't feel like watching the first video, here's the general concept: it heats up argon atoms until the electrons boil off, this creates plasma, and then these ions are heated to about a million degrees, after which they are used for propulsion. It's kind of like a second-generation ion drive engine where the force produced is still pretty small compared to chemical engines, but much greater than the ion drive engines we've been using so far, and this will result in greatly decreased travel times.
39 days to Mars would turn it from sheer impossibility to something now within the realm of possibility (but still phenomenally difficult), and it's only with a system of propulsion like this that I would want to give my first conditional support to a manned mission to Mars...but nevertheless, if we are going to head out in that direction Ceres would still be a better target, and in any case the Moon comes first no matter what. You simply can't beat not having to wait for a launch window, the mere 1.5 seconds or so it takes to transmit a signal to the Earth, the possibility of sending supplies directly from the Earth if an emergency arises, the possibility of integrating tourism into the venture (a mission from Earth to lunar orbit and then back to Earth is doable; Mars is not), and many other reasons. Plus, if we do manage to get a VASIMR-powered craft working, we're still going to need to make use of what we learn on the Moon to live off the land on Mars, if that's where we want to go next.
Along with the possibility of manned missions, the ability to use VASIMR to power a craft that could perhaps carry out a sample-return mission to areas like Europa and Titan is also quite exciting. The difference between the present situation and having VASIMR technology to power spacecraft will IMO be nearly as big a game-changer as the current situation vs. discovering other Earth-like planets. The latter will change the way we see the universe, the former will for the first time give us a way to truly explore our corner of it.
|
aerospace
|
http://phasorsolutions.com/news/11?cat_id=&UPaging=6
| 2019-04-21T18:29:52 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578532050.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20190421180010-20190421202010-00154.warc.gz
| 0.959985 | 356 |
CC-MAIN-2019-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__114891892
|
en
|
Almost a year ago, the SME Instrument of the European Commission recognised that Phasor was developing a unique, game-changing technology. It awarded the Company a prestigious €2million grant through its Horizon 2020 program. A year down the line and Phasor has made excellent progress and can now report that, after completion of its second development milestone, the team is halfway to commercial launch of its exceptional technology slated for the second half of 2017.Read More
Phasor announced today a partnership with Harris CapRock Communications to develop an electronically steerable antenna terminal. The companies will co-develop a maritime terminal based on Phasor’s ESA technology that will support high throughput (HTS) Ku-band satellite communications to be included as part of Harris CapRock’s managed services offering. This terminal will be ideal for high mobility and higher bandwidth applications, such as those found in the cruise market.Read More
SmallSats: Change Agents from the Ground Up
SmallSats are spurring innovation across the industry including on the ground segment, which will ultimately influence all operators, regardless of size.
By Caleb Henry
Satellite Executive Briefing has released an extensive Cover Story on Mobility within the Satellite industry and features Phasor as one of the key companies providing a solution for the industry.Read More
Phasor has completed the technology for its flat, Electronically Steered Antenna (ESA), and is now shifting into a new stage focused on making its products ready for various markets. The company’s antenna, which has been under development for more than five years, has completed successful demonstrations of both transmit and receive technology with what the company described as “outstanding results.”
Article from Satellite Today.
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aerospace
|
https://www.openjaw.com/newsroom/article/13546/ac-removes-737-max-from-schedule-until-midfeb
| 2020-10-19T21:27:41 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107866404.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20201019203523-20201019233523-00234.warc.gz
| 0.969041 | 280 |
CC-MAIN-2020-45
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__122066754
|
en
|
Air Canada has removed the Boeing 737 MAX from its flying schedule until 14FEB, 2020. The decision is based on operational considerations for the airline, as it launches a new reservation system beginning next month.
"We are taking this prudent step as a result of the ongoing regulatory uncertainty about the timing of the aircraft returning to service. The extension will give us scheduling predictability through the implementation of the first phase of our new reservation system and the required stability as we prepare the second phase of the system roll-out, introducing it into the airport environment," said Lucie Guillemette, Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer at Air Canada.
"As a result of these and other measures we are taking, including leasing two additional wide-body aircraft through at least the March Break, customers can continue to book with full confidence on Air Canada."
Air Canada has a fleet of 24 Boeing 737 MAX which have been grounded since 13MAR, 2019.
Anna Kroupina Journalist
Anna is OJ's newest member and she joins the team as a writer/reporter. She co-writes the daily news and covers events. Although she's new to the industry, pursuing a career path in travel/tourism has been a goal since her first family road trip to the Florida Keys sparked a desire to discover the world and this exhilarating, fast-paced industry.
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aerospace
|
https://www.airlinepilot.life/t/is-it-possible-to-fly-an-a320-with-only-1500hrs-of-flight-time/27731
| 2020-10-01T18:24:49 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600402131986.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20201001174918-20201001204918-00580.warc.gz
| 0.95912 | 433 |
CC-MAIN-2020-40
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__99525557
|
en
|
Is there an airline that lets their pilots fly A320s right after their completion of flight training?
Not here in the US. I’m Europe there are ab initio programs with MPL licenses that allow that. Here in the good ole USA you’re not getting near a Bus until you build some time and experience flying for a Regional.
Edit: I read original question to be coming out of flight instructing. Given the 1500 hr rule, pretty much impossible if directly out of flight TRAINING.
Possible? Yes. Likely? Not at all. I have a handful of friends who came out of instructing with their 1500 and went straight to majors. One went to Frontier and flew an Airbus and the other went to United on the 757/767.
They are definitely the exception to the rule. 99.9% of people will have to build time in some way before flying a larger jet. And given the current environment of the industry, the odds are even slimmer (outside of an ab initio program - i.e. Destination 225).
I assume they had some people in their corner with some major stroke within their respective companies?
Nope - they both took advantage of opportunities that made them more appealing based on the companies they instructed for.
Impressive. Good for them
Yes! Back when I worked at Miami Seaplane Base as a ramp agent a lot of the seaplane pilots that hit 1500 hours got their ATP and went straight to spirit airlines. I’m pretty sure there’s a few details I’m missing but they went straight from Cessna Caravan Ex at 250hrs straight to an A320 at 1500+ hours.
Frontier Airlines has a pathway program with Purdue University that allows for someone to transition to Frontier at 1500 hours. We had a handful come through before the pandemic shut hiring down. Outside of that program, I won’t say it’s impossible but highly unlikely you’ll get looked at without 500 hours PIC turbine at Frontier. Can’t speak for other airlines.
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aerospace
|
https://www.spacequip.eu/2023/09/11/picogrid-secures-950m-air-force-idiq-contract-to-foster-an-open-defense-ecosystem/
| 2024-04-14T16:34:47 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816893.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414161724-20240414191724-00396.warc.gz
| 0.921114 | 381 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__78395046
|
en
|
Picogrid, a company focused on building a more open defense ecosystem, has secured a $950 million contract with the Air Force for the maturation, demonstration, and proliferation of capability across platforms and domains. The contract aims to leverage open systems design, modern software, and algorithm development to enable Joint All Domain Command and Control (JADC2).
This multiple award contract allows awardees to compete for efforts within seven different competitive pools that support the development and operation of systems as a unified force across all domains. The contract will enable capabilities via multiple integrated platforms in an open architecture family of systems. Future work under this contract will be competed via the Fair Opportunity process.
Tony Lugo, Picogrid’s Head of Government Solutions and retired Army Colonel, expressed the importance of JADC2 in addressing escalating tensions in Europe and the Indo-Pacific. He highlighted the outdated equipment currently used by troops on the ground, which cannot communicate with each other. Lugo emphasized the need for new tools that provide better situational awareness and accelerate decision-making.
Picogrid believes that the current state of the industrial base is hindering the Pentagon’s modernization efforts. The fragmented approach to defense hardware and software systems results in disconnected systems and unused data. To address this, Picogrid aims to build a more connected, secure, and open defense ecosystem. Their unique solution provides a common platform for defense systems to work together and is already operational in various global locations.
Picogrid’s systems connect sensors, physical infrastructure, and military equipment to allow them to function cohesively. Their open-standard solutions are designed to help defense contractors deliver results quickly and securely.
The IDIQ contract with the Air Force is seen as a significant step forward for Picogrid and demonstrates the Pentagon’s trust in their products and approach to building an open defense ecosystem.
|
aerospace
|
https://anywaves.com/resources/blog/what-makes-anywaves-antennas-stand-out/
| 2024-02-21T19:38:07 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473524.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221170215-20240221200215-00550.warc.gz
| 0.927246 | 2,878 |
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__138121324
|
en
|
What makes Anywaves’ antennas stand out?
They need to be small, yet powerful: space antennas are one of the most critical elements of a satellite. Whether it is for telecommunication, observation, defence, navigation missions, or scientific data collection, all satellites use wireless links to communicate with Earth. Antennas are responsible for the transmission and reception of information and are often a single point of failure, i.e. they are vital components of the system, and there is no Plan B. A badly performing antenna (or worse) means the end of the satellite communication and overall purpose.
That’s why special design and sturdy manufacture are key to ensure perfect resistance for several years to the harsh conditions induced by the space environment (radiation, extreme temperatures, vacuum, etc.) and by the launch phase (vibrations, shocks, etc.).
If you’re looking for the perfect antenna, you’re maybe wondering which one to choose in an ever-evolving market and requirements. If you’re at a loss to tell the difference between different products and to understand their technical specifications and performance, please read on and find out why ANYWAVES antennas are unique, from their design to their industrialization process.
A strong R&D department that combines innovation and flight heritage
A spatial antenna is a piece of equipment which radiates electromagnetic waves. A signal coming from a cable is converted into a wave radiated in space by this equipment, or vice versa.
The amount of energy available on board a satellite is limited so there is a real need to control it by optimizing the radiation parameters of our space antennas.
This is where the importance of an R&D department comes into play as we develop new innovative antenna technologies. It allows ANYWAVES to offer its customers the most suitable antenna solution to improve their quality of service while helping them control their costs and energy constraints.
To combine performance and compactness, our Technical Projects Department develops and designs our antennas with state-of-the-art concepts. We’re committed to offer the best of both worlds: innovative antenna designs – meeting the New Space market needs – and flight heritage based on the best of space expertise: materials, quality, …
Our product design history is one of the things that makes us really proud at ANYWAVES: some of our antennas are the result of innovation projects that have evolved from a TRL (Technology Readiness Level) 3 to 9 in just a few years.
For example, 5 years ago, in partnership with CNES and XLim, our teams demonstrated – analytically and by experiment – that we could modify the permittivity of a material, ceramic, using 3D printed patterns. This was the first step and the characteristic proof of concept (TRL3) of what will become our GNSS L1/E1 Bands Antenna.
To reach TRL 4, we then created our first two antennas based on this new technology, a DRA (Dielectric Resonator Antenna) and a patch antenna.
These two antennas have been tested and qualified (TRL5) with the support of ESA (ITI). These prototypes led to the creation and qualification in an operational environment of the L1/E1, a derivative of the patch antenna, now qualified for space application (TRL 6 and 7).
The GNSS L1/E1 Bands Antenna was then commercialized and sold to U-Space, and next to OHB Sweden, thus reaching TRL 8. The achievement of TRL 9 is now imminent, as the satellite equipped with our ceramic antennas is scheduled to fly in 2023.
From concept creation to design, and through testing, qualification and marketing phases, our antennas follow a rigorous process, always with a pragmatic innovation perspective.
We are determined to mark the future of space communication by creating innovative and high-performance antennas, designed to meet the market needs as well as to withstand the extreme flight conditions in space.
Optimized design to withstand harsh space conditions
To ensure maximum performance of its antennas at all stages of the space mission, ANYWAVES is committed to using materials and technologies specifically selected for their properties and strength.
For instance, our COTS antennas are made of an aluminum cavity, a material that is both strong and light, which we improve with a SurTec 650 chemical surface treatment for protection of atomic oxygen in Low Earth Orbit – LEO. This cavity fulfills both mechanical and functional (RF) functions for a more compact and optimized design.
The know-how of ANYWAVES experts is concentrated inside this cavity, including – but not limited to – PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and metamaterial technologies.
Our expertise and technical mastery – to maximize the antenna performance and guarantee its quality – lies in this technological “secret ingredient”.
Finally, to protect the critical functions of the antenna against electrostatic radiations and strong temperature variations, our COTS products are equipped with a radome covered with a white anti-ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) paint. This protection guarantees the reliability and durability of the antenna throughout its life, from launch to deorbit.
Indeed, everything is designed to ensure that the antenna withstands difficult conditions during the flight and launch phases. To achieve this, we carry out Thermal Mechanical analysis and tests, and our Thermal Mechanical and Radio Frequency engineers work together on a daily basis to develop an optimized design that combines compactness and performance.
High-level tests to prove our space antennas’ reliability
To ensure that our antennas can withstand the extreme environmental conditions to which they will be subjected, from launch to orbit, we carry out a series of demanding tests. Two types of tests are performed: qualification tests and acceptance tests.
Qualification tests are carried out on one or more models of a product, the objective being to demonstrate that the antenna can withstand the various life cycles of a space product. To do this, we perform “real orbit conditions” tests, to which we add safety margins based on the ECSS to ensure the durability and quality of the products.
- The first step of the qualification process is a functional measurement of the radiation pattern and the S-parameters of the antenna in order to obtain the nominal performance. This will allow to compare the results obtained by the product before and after its qualification.
- Random vibration test: simulates the vibrations induced by the launch of the rocket.
- Shock test: simulates the shock caused by the detachment of the rocket stages.
- Vacuum thermal cycling: ensures, over a few cycles, that there is no observed degradation of the antenna during thermal cycling, i.e. during repeated phases of temperature variations.
- Long thermal cycling (life test): similar to vacuum thermal cycling, but simulates the impact of the temperature variations experienced during the entire life of the antenna in orbit.
- Moist heat test: optional test to verify that the antenna can withstand extreme and harsh storage conditions, sometimes very different from the space environment.
- If the antenna is to be used for transmission, a power handling test is then performed, during which functional tests are carried out with high input power.
In addition, if the antenna is also equipped with a Test Cap, a Radio Frequency Leakage test is performed to ensure that there is no leakage and operator protection is guaranteed.
Between each test phase, we perform a new functional check to ensure that the antenna is still working properly before submitting it to the next test.
Finally, we perform a last inspection and cut the antenna in half for thorough visual analysis before concluding the qualification phase.
Acceptance tests are performed on each flight model to guarantee that the product delivered to the customer is functional and durable.
To make sure the antenna is not damaged or stressed unnecessarily, these tests are lightened compared to the qualification tests, but they still include an S-parameter test and a random vibration test.
Thermal cycling is then carried out, this time at ambient pressure, before we execute a final S-parameter test and a final external visual inspection.
Certifications to guarantee quality and safety
ANYWAVES has been EN 9100 certified since 2021, as part of our global quality approach and continuous improvement process.
This International standard specifies the quality management requirements for organizations involved in the design, development, production, installation and maintenance of aerospace products. This certification ensures that our products are manufactured in a safe, efficient and controlled production environment and that they meet the specific quality requirements of the aerospace industry.
In addition, all ANYWAVES products are ITAR-FREE. ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) is a U.S. regulation that enforces exportation restrictions on some sensitive technologies and products related to defense and national security. Being ITAR FREE allows our products to be exported more easily, time effectively and without restriction around the world, providing greater flexibility to our customers and partners.
EN 9100 and ITAR FREE certifications are key elements of ANYWAVES’ strategy to ensure the reliability and safety of our products. They allow us to keep developing innovative solutions to meet our international customers’ needs while meeting the highest quality standards of the aerospace industry.
An industrialization process designed for high volumes and short lead time
ANYWAVES’s commitment is not only to design high-quality antennas but to handle large quantity production and fast delivery.
To achieve this, we have adopted an industrialization process inspired by lean manufacturing methods, widely used in the Japanese automotive industry. This approach is based on several fundamental principles, such as continuous improvement, reduction of “wastes”, standardization processes and employee involvement in problem-solving.
Central to the lean manufacturing method is the desire to produce what the customer needs, when he needs it and in the quantity needed, without generating any “waste” (overproduction, overstock, errors, rejects, etc.) to maximize the company’s efficiency and productivity.
With this concept in mind, once the design and qualification phases are completed, we start our industrialization process by producing about ten antennas in pre-production. These antennas are then thoroughly tested to ensure their quality and performance. This process allows us to validate our antenna characteristics before mass production in order to minimize unnecessary operations or risks of defective products.
After pre-production, we perform an extremely thorough inspection of the manufactured antennas, called “First Article Inspection” (FAI). This inspection includes functional and metrological tests to validate the antenna specifications. The FAI thus enables the antenna properties to be fixed, which is crucial for quality assurance and reproducibility in serial production.
Throughout the life of a product, ANYWAVES also uses a continuous improvement method called FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) to identify, analyze and reduce all possible risks. This approach allows us to limit breakdowns and failures by detecting and eliminating their causes upstream in the production process. Continuously using the FMEA method limits the incidents or non-conformities. This will lead to a high-quality supplied product in order to maximize customer satisfaction.
Indeed, all our processes have a simplified and straightforward framework to offer our customers the most successful, reliable and reproducible product possible. At ANYWAVES, we are convinced that “less is more” is an essential principle of any space innovation, with the continuous components’ optimization a condition for projects’ success.
If ANYWAVES COTS product lines are designed for high-volume production, our expertise can also be applied to specific projects. Indeed, if your project does not find a suitable technological answer in our COTS product range, we can support you in the development of custom antennas.
From your system requirements to the best antenna design
For the last 6 years, ANYWAVES has been supporting the largest aerospace companies to manage their specific antenna projects for their satellite constellations. In addition to our technical expertise, part of our DNA is to innovate alongside our customers to offer them the best possible technological answer to their needs. Our experts from the Innovation Division work closely with the clients to understand the specific requirements of their projects. It is a crucial step to be sure that the antenna development is perfectly tailored to the mission and satellite concerned.
Our R&D experts work with our customers right from the identification phase, with a clear objective in mind: being able to translate a system requirement into an antenna feature. Because ANYWAVES has managed a wide variety of projects, our experts can handle a large range of antenna concepts, whether they are high gain antennas (payload telemetry, inter-satellite link, telecommunications, etc.), wide band antennas (spectrum surveillance, GNSS, LEO PNT, etc.) or any other type of antennas and applications (integrated antennas, active antennas, etc.). All our space antenna ranges can be adapted to meet the new challenges of launchers.
This experience, combined with our proven technical expertise, allows us to offer our customers complete and personalized support in all phases of project development, from design to production, from testing to qualification.
Space antennas are vital elements of any satellite as they are responsible for the transmission of information and the success of the space mission in Telecommunication, Navigation, Earth Obeservation… The design, manufacture and testing of these antennas must therefore ensure optimal resistance to the harsh conditions of space. We believe that using a qualitative approach to execute those steps is how we can make a difference in this competitive market. That is why it is so important to us to guarantee the quality, reliability and safety of our antennas while maintaining an industrialization process suitable for fast, serial production.
If you have any questions or would like to benefit from our support for your next space mission, please do not hesitate to contact us. We will be happy to present you the scope of our offers and services!
If you have any question, we would be happy to help you out.
|
aerospace
|
https://aqeeqinternalmed.com/medical-counseling/
| 2024-04-16T15:02:56 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817095.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416124708-20240416154708-00848.warc.gz
| 0.960961 | 171 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__5439753
|
en
|
Prevention is better than cure, and with his training as an experienced primary care physician, he knows that there isn’t such a thing as a one-size-fits-all approach.
We offer medical counseling, to help you to talk through issues, problems, feelings, and emotions, and then dealing with a plan that will help you.
Acute and Chronic Conditions
If you have chronic health conditions like hypertension, diabetes, high blood pressure or high cholesterol, among others, then are the team that can help.
FAA Medical Exams
We offer FAA(Federal Aviation Administration) medical exams, that are required to ensure pilots are healthy and capable of operating an aircraft. We also offer FAA BasicMed, for pilots looking for an alternative.
|
aerospace
|
https://www.airchoiceone.com/news/2020/air-choice-one-adds-an-additional-flight-to-the-hartsfield-jackson-atlanta-international
| 2022-05-24T07:01:20 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662564830.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20220524045003-20220524075003-00386.warc.gz
| 0.90291 | 373 |
CC-MAIN-2022-21
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__324728422
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en
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10 March 2020 – Air Choice One is pleased to announce that it will be adding a flight to the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, from the McKellar-Sipes Airport in Jackson, TN that will operate on Saturdays starting June 20th, 2020.
St. Louis, Missouri, based Air Choice One is a community-minded, globally focused airline. As industry leaders, we practice integrity, innovation, and generosity through the product we provide and the communities we serve. We will continue to uphold these values and strive to amplify our culture while expanding our market. Air Choice One has been providing airline service to the Jackson, TN residents since June 2015.
Air Choice One operates scheduled air service from the McKellar-Sipes Airport in Jackson, TN to the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta, GA with 6 round trips per week and to the St. Louis Lambert International Airport with 12 round trips per week. Adding the additional flight to the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport will give 7 round trips per week allowing passengers from McKellar-Sipes Airport daily service. This additional flight will start operating in June 2020 and will be available to purchase in late March 2020 on Air Choice One’s website or by calling 1-(866)-435- 9847.
“By adding this additional flight to our current air service in Jackson, Tennessee, we will provide passengers another option to connect to the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. This addition will allow more options for connecting to the National Transportation System. I am excited that the passenger demand for service to the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport is needed and Air Choice One looks forward to seeing passenger growth continue at the McKellar-Sipes Airport as we expand our air service."
- Shane Storz, President & CEO, Air Choice One
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aerospace
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https://brickville.com.au/products/lego-city-space-rocket-launch-center-60351
| 2023-12-10T04:23:17 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101195.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210025335-20231210055335-00413.warc.gz
| 0.864723 | 348 |
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__50633781
|
en
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LEGO City Space Rocket Launch Center 60351
We strive to pack and ship all orders within one business day from the date of purchase.
Please note that orders placed on weekends or public holidays will be processed on the following business day.
Once shipped, the estimated time of delivery within Australia is typically between 2 to 5 business days.
Wednesday: 11:00 am - 5:00 pm
Thursday: 11:00 am - 5:00 pm
Friday: 11:00 am - 5:00 pm
Saturday: 10:00 am - 4:00 pm
Sunday: 11:00 am - 4:00 pm
Certified new and unopened with original seals
This LEGO® City Rocket Launch Center (60351) toy playset is packed with NASA-inspired features, including a huge launch tower and a rocket with room for 2 astronauts and a planet rover. There’s also a detailed observation dome and launch control center, plus a service vehicle, drone and 6 minifigures for fun role play. Combine this set with others from the popular LEGO City Space toy range for even more fun.
The creative world of LEGO City
LEGO City Space toys come with feature-rich models inspired by real NASA machines, vehicles and spacecraft, plus inspiring astronaut characters for imaginative, realistic space play.
LEGO® City space-themed playset – The LEGO City Rocket Launch Center (60351) playset comes with an array of NASA-inspired toys for imaginative space play
What’s in the box? – Everything kids need to build a rocket, launch tower, detailed observatory and launch control center, plus a service vehicle, planet rover, drone and 6 minifigures
|
aerospace
|
https://www.space-park.co.uk/
| 2024-04-16T09:39:18 |
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817081.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416093441-20240416123441-00185.warc.gz
| 0.88462 | 184 |
CC-MAIN-2024-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__22782825
|
en
|
The regional office will enable the Agency to collaborate more closely with the UK’s thriving space sector
Space technology company SatVu has revealed the first images and videos captured from its thermal imaging satellite as it commences commercial operations.
Space Park Leicester, the home of UK space and Earth observation science.
Integrating advanced manufacturing, AI and downstream data analysis for space and space-enabled missions.
A broad spectrum of support mechanisms that help ideas and businesses thrive.
An international centre of excellence with an unparalleled range of education and training opportunities.
High-tech and highly flexible workspaces where innovative businesses grow.
Join our thriving tenant community.
Join regular free community events designed for networking and knowledge sharing.
Follow our announcements
Connect with a leading resource
See our latest developments
Watch and learn
|
aerospace
|
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