what is the action of chlorine (cl) on the following: potassium bromide solution - p - block group 17 elements - chlorine
what is the action of chlorine (cl) on the following: potassium bromide solution
action of cl2 on potassium bromide solution: chlorine reacts with kbr, to form potassium chloride, displacing bromine.
i. given:valency of carbon is 4valency of chlorine is 1by applying criss-cross method:formula: ccl4thus, the formula for carbon tetrachloride is ccl4.ii. given:valency of element x is 1valency of oxygen is 2by applying criss-cross method:formula: x2o sr2+ → strontium cl- → chloride[readmore]therefore the chemical name will appear as strontium chloride recall that there are several types of intermolecular forces:1. ion-dipole interaction – occurs between an ion and a polar covalent compound2. hydrogen bonding – occurs in compounds where hydrogen is directly connected to an electronegative element such as n, o, or f3. dipole-dipole interaction – occurs between two polar covalent compounds4. induced-dipole interaction – occurs when a nonpolar compound interacts with a polar compound5. dispersion forces – occurs in all compounds. this is the primary intermolecular force exhibited by nonpolar compounds.[readmore]although hcl is a polar molecule, it still exhibits dispersion forces because it occurs in all compounds kclo3(s) — heat→ kcl (s) + o2(g)      reactant        productk        1                   1cl       1                   1o       3                    2[readmore]2 kclo3(s) — heat→ 2 kcl (s) + 3 o2(g)      reactant        productk        2                   2cl       2                   2o       6                    6the balanced equation for the reaction is 2 kclo3(s) — heat→ 2 kcl (s) + 3 o2(g) a) he helium (he) is an element by itself. he atom can only exhibit dispersion forces.b) hclh          1a                   1 × 1 e– = 1 e–cl         7a                   1 × 7 e– = 7 e–   total: 8 valence e–[readmore]cl is more electronegative than h, so hcl is a polar covalent compound. hcl exhibits dipole-dipole interaction.c) h2oh          1a                   1 × 2 e– = 2 e–o          6a                   1 × 6 e– = 6 e–   total: 8 valence e– since hydrogen is bonded directly to oxygen.h2o exhibits hydrogen bonding.d) cl2cl         7a                   1 × 7 e– = 14 valence e–composed of the same atom. there's no electronegativity difference.cl2 can only exhibit dispersion forces. Tin(II) chloride can dissolve in less than its own mass of water without apparent decomposition, but as the solution is diluted, hydrolysis occurs to form an insoluble basic salt:

 

Therefore, if clear solutions of tin(II) chloride are to be used, it must be dissolved in hydrochloric acid (typically of the same or greater molarity as the stannous chloride) to maintain the equilibrium towards the left-hand side (using Le Chatelier's principle).

**Sources:** https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin(II)\_chloride we are being asked to classify the following reactions based on the following categories:combination/synthesis → multiple reactants combine to form a single productw/o change in oxidation numbersa + b → abdecomposition →reactant splits into multiple products with no change in oxidation numbersab → a + bcombustion reaction: reaction with oxygen that produces carbon dioxide and waterhydrocarbon + o2 → co2 + h2osingle displacement →single element displaces another element in a compoundab + c → ac + b[readmore]let’s analyze the given reactionsa. fe2(co3)2 (s) → fe2o3(s) + 2co2(g) break down of fe2(co3)2(s) to its component ions → decomposition reactionanswer: this is a decomposition reaction.b. 2 c6h11oh(l) + 17 o2(g) → 12co2 (g) + 12h2o(l) reaction with oxygen that produces carbon dioxide and water → combustion reactionanswer: this is a combustion reaction.c. p4o10(s) + 6h2o(l) → 4h3po4(aq) two or more substances combine to form a single compound → combination reactionanswer: this is a combination reaction.d. 2c(s) + mno2(s) → mn(s) + 2co(g) substitute one element for another element in a compound →single-displacement reaction answer: this is a single-displacement reactione. 2naclo3 (s) → 2nacl(s) + 3o2(g)break down of compound into its simpler substances → decomposition reactionanswer: this is a decomposition reaction AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s) = AgCl(s) + NaNO3  
n(AgCl) = 0.765 g / M(AgCl)  
M(AgCl) = 108 + 35.5 = 143.5 g/mol  
n(AgCl) = 0.765 g /143.5 g/mol = 0.00533 mol  
n(AgCl) = chloride ions = 0.00533 mol  
C(chloride ions) = n/V  
C(chloride ions) = 0.00533 mol/1l = 0.00533 mol/ L (a)  
m(NaCl)=n(NaCl)*M(NaCl)  
n(NaCl) = 0.00533 mol  
M(NaCl) = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol  
m(NaCl) = 0.00533 mol * 58.5 g/mol = 0.3115 g (b)  
  
**Answer:**  
**a) 0.00533 mol/ L**  
**b) 0.3115 g** (i) adsorption is a surface phenomenon that causes the accumulation of molecules of a substance at the surface of a solid or liquid rather than in the bulk. in adsorption, the substance gets concentrated at the surface only. it does not penetrate through the surface to the bulk of the solid or liquid. for example, when a chalk stick is dipped into an ink solution, only its surface becomes coloured.


on the other hand, the process of absorption is a bulk phenomenon. in absorption, the absorbed substance gets uniformly distributed throughout the bulk of the solid or liquid. for example, when a sponge is dipped in water the whole sponge gets wets.


(ii)according to the schulze-hardy rule, the effectiveness of the salt causing flocculation depends on the charge on the ion of opposite sign to the charge on the sol particles. the greater the magnitude of the opposite charge, the higher the ability of a salt to coagulate the sol.  
thus, trivalent salt alcl3 is more effective in causing the coagulation of a negatively charged sol than divalent salt mgcl2.


(iii)out of sulphur sol and proteins, sulphur sol forms multimolecular colloids. sulphur sol consists of particles containing a thousand or more s8 molecules. on the other hand, proteins form macromolecular colloids. chloroplast is a powerhouse for the synthesis of carbohydrates in plants. it is broadly divided into three parts (fig 3) namely:a) membrane: chloroplast is double walled organelle viz. it contains inner and outer membrane.b) stroma corresponds to the cytoplasm of chloroplast. it also serves as site for dark reaction of photosynthesis to take place.c) thylakoids/ granum: thylakoids contains chlorophyll that absorbs light. stacks of thylakoids are known as granum.fig 3 shows different parts of chloroplast