why mitochondria and plastids called as semi autonomous organelle - science - the fundamental unit of life
why mitochondria and plastids called as semi autonomous
organelle?
@aswath: your friends are right you may refer to their
answers
@others: good efforts keep up the good work !!!!!
a)



antipodals side is called chalazal end.

b) becausethe cells get packed with reserve food supplies, used for providing the nutrition to the developing embryo.

c)cells with 16 chromosomes is calledzygote and cells with 24 chromosome is called endosperm chloroplast is a powerhouse for the synthesis of carbohydrates in plants. it is broadly divided into three parts (fig 3) namely:a) membrane: chloroplast is double walled organelle viz. it contains inner and outer membrane.b) stroma corresponds to the cytoplasm of chloroplast. it also serves as site for dark reaction of photosynthesis to take place.c) thylakoids/ granum: thylakoids contains chlorophyll that absorbs light. stacks of thylakoids are known as granum.fig 3 shows different parts of chloroplast different cells in the body have different instructions or marching orders as to how they are to grow and function. sometimes clumps of cells with diverse marching orders form a tumor and mature into very different types of tissue. one type is called a dermoid cyst. these can contain a variety of different tissues including hair. see more... the crocodile is the reptile that is characterized by the presence of a four-chambered heart.   reptiles are a class of vertebrates made up mostly of snakes, turtles, lizards, and crocodilians. instead of possessing gills like fish or amphibians, reptiles have lungs for breathing. reptiles are four-legged vertebrate animals. the skin of reptiles is covered with scales their metabolism depends on the temperature of their environment. reptiles are oviparous (egg laying) reptiles have several bones in the lower jaw, only one of which, the dentary, bears teeth. almost all reptiles and amphibians have three-chambered heart, except crocodile. Hello Sri, thank you for asking.



  

There are many things that are mistaken in Indonesian society. People think that the 'lymph node' is the name or diagnosis of a disease. I straighten up a little yes, lymph nodes not the name or diagnosis of an illness. Lymph nodes are normal glandular structures that are found in humans. All humans have lymph nodes. So the analogy is, just like normal humans have ears, normal humans also have a gland called a lymph node. So, now that you have gotten the information, you can help straighten the misguided to your relatives and friends.



  

Lymph nodes play an important role in the human immune system. When a person experiences an infection or inflammation (inflammation), then the immune cells in the lymph nodes will experience activation, to overcome the infection and inflammation that occurs.



  

Lymph nodes are located in the neck, armpits, abdominal cavity, and groin. Lymph nodes can indeed be enlarged. Dapst enlargement occurs due to an infection process in another organ, or an infection process that attacks the lymph nodes themselves. Some possibilities that can cause enlarged lymph nodes are:







Lymphadenopathy. Generally occurs in people who are or are recovering from infectious diseases such as acute respiratory infections, inflammation of the throat, ear infections, or infections of the teeth and mouth area.  

Lymphadenitis.  

Glandular tuberculosis.  

Cysts or abscesses in lymph nodes.  

Tumors in lymph nodes.



In your case, it is also possible that enlarged lymph nodes are caused by a long cough. Handling will be more appropriate if it is directed at healing the cough that you experience. When the cause can be cured, then the lymph nodes should slowly shrink back to normal size by themselves.



  

If after a few weeks, there is no improvement in your lymph nodes, or even look worse, contact your doctor immediately. Symptoms of worsening can be in the form of a rapid increase in the size of lymph nodes, increased pain, redness, high denam, and uneven palpable glands when held. Doctors need to make sure by examination directly, whether the structure in your neck is indeed enlarged lymph nodes, or there is another abnormality. At this time you do not need to take special action on your lymph nodes. Keep your nutrition in order to remain optimal, multiply eating vegetables, fruits, and protein. Don't massage the lymph glands because they can make the disorder worse.



  

Hope this answer helps yes. Regards yeah, its an incomplete genetic code, having only half the required chromosomes needed to create a life. it also doesn't consume food and produce waste, it cannot itself reproduce, etc. its clearly and obviously, as long as your not an anti science person, not a human being but a fetus is (again so long as your not anti-science). <p>power house of the cell</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><u style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">mitochondria:</u></span></p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"> </p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">mitochondria</span> are the organelle present in the cell, which can be seen only through electron microscope. they are spherical or elongated organelle in the cytoplasm of nearly all eukaryotic cells, containing genetic material and many enzymes important for cell metabolism.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"> </p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><u style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">structure:</u></span></p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"> </p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">they are bounded by a <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">double membrane</span> the outer membrane projects to the cytoplasm and the inner membrane project into the <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">matrix.</span></p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">the inner membrane is convoluted into several folds, called <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">“cristae.”</span> the surface area of the inner membrane is increased by cristae. matrix contains a concentrated mixture of enzymes, which play an important role in the metabolism of nutrients.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"> </p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><u style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">function:</u></span></p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"> </p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">the main function of mitochondria is <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">energy production.</span> and so, because of this function, they often called as “power hoses of the cell.” the metabolism of nutrients takes place in the matrix by the enzymes present it. oxidative phosphorylation is the main metabolic process through which atp (adenosine triphosphate) is generated.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">depend upon the energy needs; their occurrence varies from cell to cell. for example, skeletal muscles have more mitochondria; whereas red blood cells are completely lack of mitochondria.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"> </p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">explanation of their function</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"> </p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">1.the main function of mitochondria is to perform cellular respiration this means it takes in nutrients from cell ,breaks it down ,and turns it into energy</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">it is called as power house of cell because the process of atp formation takes place in mitochondria.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">2.it helps cells to maintain proper concentration of calcium ions within the compartments of the cell.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">3.it also helps in building certain parts of blood and harmons like testosterone and estrogen.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">4.liver cell mitochondria have enzymes that detoxify ammonia.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;">5.they plays an important role in the process of apoptosis.</p>
<p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: 'open sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 5px !important 0px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/si.experts.images/answers/2021/06/60cc394f7dc8d\_1623996748448.jpg"></p> Answer  
Atoms prefer to have a filled outermost shell because this makes them more stable.  
Atoms react with each other to get the most stable state possible. A filled outermost shell (a  
complete octet for s- and p-elements) is very stable because all orbitals are filled with  
electrons. Stability of an atom is connected with its energy. Atoms with greater stability have  
less energy. We can see this in chemical reactions: a reaction that increases the stability of the  
atoms will release energy in the form of heat or light. phylum platyhelminthes (flat worms) -

free living, commensal or parasite with dorsoventrally flattened body, bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and acoelomate.

- wherein

eg. taenia, fasciola

 

 


option 1)

flat worms

this is correct option

option 2)

sponges

this is incorrect option

option 3)

ctenophores

this is incorrect option

option 4)

corals

this is incorrect option in a food chain organism which synthesise carbohydrates from inorganic compounds using radiant energy are called producers. these are autotrophs and make food for consumers.